Hoadley

tio N. and Erastus B. Bigelow, textile manufac-
turers, to come to their plant near Lancaster,
Mass, With this firm he acted as civil engineer
in charge of locating, constructing, and in-
stalling the new mills. The experience gained
in this position in connection with the erection
and installation of the power and mechanical
equipment led him to turn away from the field of
civil engineering to that of mechanical engineer-
ing. Accordingly in 1848 he joined Gordon Mc-
Kay [q.v.'] at Pittsfield, Mass., to form the firm
of McKay & Hoadley, manufacturers and engi-
neers, in the construction of mill machinery,
steam-engines, and water-wheels. After three
years in this connection he went to Lawrence,
Mass., as superintendent and later general agent
of the Lawrence Machine Shop, which construct-
ed textile and paper-mill machinery, water-
wheels, stationary steam-engines, and locomo-
tives. At the time it was one of the largest plants
of its kind in New England. In the five years of
Hoadley's direction of the works (1852-57),
more than one hundred locomotives were built.
These were for many of the principal railroads
and were built according to designs furnished by
the purchasers.

In 1857 the Lawrence Machine Shop failed
and upon the strength of the reputation of the
work turned out under his direction, Hoadley
began the manufacture of portable steam-engines
on his own account. Except for locomotive en-
gines, these engines were comparatively new
machines at that time, and Hoadley is credited
with much of the improvement in design that
followed. His engine was the first of the single-
valve automatics with the governor at the side
of the driving pulley and was noted for lightness,
simplicity, durability, and efficiency. Hoadley
continued this business for twenty years during
which time he devoted four years to the direction
of the New Bedford Copper Company, and one
year, 1868, in charge of construction with the
McKay Sewing Machine Association. After
1873 he devoted most of his time to a consulting
practice. He represented manufacturers or pur-
chasers at the tests of some of the most impor-
tant mill machinery and water-works acceptance
tests in New England and was a respected expert
witness in many patent and damage litigations.
He was an organizer of the Clinton Wire Cloth
Company and served as president of the Archi-
bald Wheel Company. The results of some of his
investigations and tests were published in pam-
phlet form, the best known of which are The
Portable Steam-Engine (1863), and Steam-En-
gine Practice in the United States (1884), which
be presented as a paper at the Montreal meeting

Hoadly
of the British Association for the Advancement
of Science. Papers presented before the Amer-
ican Society of Mechanical Engineers include:
"A Tilting Water Meter for Purposes of Experi-
ment"; "High Ratios of Expansion and Distri-
bution of Unequal Pressures in Single and Com-
pound Engines"; and "Use of the Calorimeter as
a Pyrometer for High Temperatures." Hoadley
was for one term a representative in the legisla-
ture of Massachusetts in 1858 and in 1862 was
commissioned a captain in the Massachusetts
militia and was sent on a four-months mission
to England to inspect and report upon ordnance
for harbor defense for the state. He was a
founder of the American Society of Mechanical
Engineers, and an original trustee of the Massa-
chusetts Institute of Technology, to which insti-
tution he gave much equipment for the mechani-
cal engineering laboratories. He was twice mar-
ried : on Aug. 24, 1847, to Charlotte Sophia Kim-
ball, at Needham, Mass., and on Sept. 15, 1853,
to Catherine Gansevoort Melville, at Pittsfield,
Mass.
[F. B. Trowbridge, The Hoadley GeneaL (1894) ;
Trans. Am, Soc. Meek. Engineers, vol. VIII (1887) ;
J. C. Hoadley, The Portable Steam-Engine (1863), In-
troduction; Boston Transcript, Oct. 22, 1886.]
F.A.T.
HOADLY, GEORGE (July 31, i826-Aug.
26, 1902), Ohio jurist, governor, lawyer, was
born in New Haven, Conn., the son of George
Hoadly, a graduate of Yale College and at one
time mayor of New Haven, and a descendant of
William Hoadley (or Hoadle) who emigrated
to America before 1663 and settled ultimately at
Branford, Conn. His mother was Mary Ann
Woolsey, a great-grand-daughter of Jonathan
Edwards and a sister of Theodore D. Woolsey
[qq.v.]. About 1830 the family moved to Cleve-
land, Ohio. George attended the public schools
of Cleveland and Western Reserve College, then
studied law at Harvard for a year under Story
and Greenleaf, completing his preparation for
the bar in the office of Salmon P. Chase and his
partner at Cincinnati. Admitted to practice in
August 1847, he began his judicial career in
1851 as judge of the superior court of Cincin-
nati, and in the same year, on Aug. 13, he was
married to Mary Burnet Perry, grand-daughter
of Judge- Jacob Burnet. In 1855 he became city
solicitor, and the next year he declined Governor
Chase's proffer of a seat on the state supreme
bench. He was reflected judge of the superior
court in 1859 ^ 1864 but resigned in 1866 and
formed the law firm of Hoadly, Jackson & John-
son. Two years before he had become a profes-
sor in the Cincinnati Law School, and this con-
nection continued, with interruptions, until 1887.