Hoch

HOCH, AUGUST (Apr. 20, i868-Sept. 23,
1919), psychiatrist, son of Theodor and Valerie
(Schneider) Hoch, was born at Basel, Switzer-
land, where his clergyman father was director of
the City and University Hospital. Educated at
the local gymnasium, he chose the United States
for his medical training and matriculated at the
University of Pennsylvania in 1887. Here he
seems to have come under the influence of Wil-
liam Osier \_q.v.], whom he followed to Johns
Hopkins. He took his degree in medicine at the
University of Maryland in 1890 and became an
assistant at the neurological clinic of Johns Hop-
kins, under Dr. Harry Thomas. In 1893 he ob-
tained a post at the McLean Hospital, Waverley,
Mass., with the title of psychologist and pathol-
ogist of the Cowles Research Laboratories. In
the same year he published an English transla-
tion of a textbook by Ludwig Hirt under the title
The Diseases of the Nervous System, to which
Osier contributed a special preface. He was al-
lowed leave of absence for post-graduate study
abroad and was accompanied on his tour by Dr.
Simon Flexner. He studied brain anatomy un-
der Schwalbe, experimental psychology under
Wundt, and clinical psychiatry under Kraepelin.
In July 1894 he married Emmy Munch of Basel.
By 1895 he was back at Waverley but two years
later made a second trip to Europe, where he
studied again under Kraepelin and also took
courses under Nissl in brain histology. In 1905
he resigned from the McLean Hospital to accept
the position of assistant physician to Blooming-
dale Asylum, White Plains, N. Y, He also be-
came instructor in psychiatry in the Cornell
Medical School. In 1908 he undertook a third
journey to Europe, where he studied under Swiss
masters; brain anatomy under Von Monakow,
psychiatry under Bleuler, and psychology and
psychoanalysis under Jung. Upon his return,
having now received a full training in the mod-
ern scientific school of psychiatry, he was ap-
pointed successor to Adolf Meyer in the chair of
psychiatry at the Cornell Medical School and
director of the Psychiatric Institute of the New
York State Hospitals, Ward's Island. He re-
mained active in these two posts until 1917 when
by reason of ill health he resigned and removed
to Montecito, Cal. He had developed a family
malady, arteriosclerosis, with renal complica-
tions. His death, which took place from renal
failure at the University Hospital, San Fran-
cisco, was untimely, for his career had not come
to a full fruition and numerous plans were cut
short. He had done editorial work and consid-
erable writing for periodical literature but the
only approach to a major contribution was a

Hodge

posthumous volume, Benign Stupors (1921).
His journal articles include: "Deliriums Pro-
duced by Drugs" (Review of Neurology and
Psychiatry, February 1906) ; "Psychogenic Fac-
tors in the Development of Psychoses," (Psycho-
logical Bulletin, June 15, 1907) ; "Constitutional
Factors in the Dementia Prsecox Group," (Re-
view of Neurology and Psychiatry, August
1910) ; "Some of the Mental Mechanisms in De-
mentia Praecox" (Journal of Abnormal Psychol-
ogy, January 1911); "Personality and Psy-
chosis" (American Journal of Insanity, January
1913) ; "Dementia of Cerebral Arteriosclerosis"
(Psychiatric Bulletin, July 1916). Other sub-
jects dealt with were general paralysis, involu-
tional melancholia, loss of the reality sense, ac-
tion of tea on the mind, histology of the brain in
various diseases. From 1912 to 1915 he was
editor of the New York State Hospital Bulletin
and of its continuation, the Psychiatric Bulletin^
from 1916 to 1917.

He is described as a man of charming per-
sonality and open mind, who could adapt new
and revolutionary teachings to old dogmas and
avoid becoming either ultra-radical or ultra-con-
servative.

[Archives of Neurology and Psychiatry, Nov. i,
1919 ; Boston Medic, and Surgic. Jour., Nov. 27, 1919 ;
/our. Am. Medic. Asso., Oct. 4, 1919 ; Mental Hygiene,
Apr. 1920; State Hospital Quart., Nov. 1919; Who's
Who in America, 1918-19; N. Y. Times, Sept. 25 ,

E.P.

HODGE, ARCHIBALD ALEXANDER

(July 18, i823-Nov. 11, 1886), teacher of the-
ology, was born at Princeton, N. J., the eldest
son of Charles Hodge [q.v.~\ and Sarah (Bache)
Hodge. He graduated in 1841 from the College
of New Jersey (Princeton), where he studied
particularly under the physicist Joseph Henry.
During his four years in the Princeton Theolog-
ical Seminary he was an ardent disciple of his
father, a reverential devotion to whom largely
moulded his life. In 1847 he married Elizabeth
B. Holliday, of Winchester, Va., and they went
to Allahabad, India, for missionary service,
which was terminated three years later by their
impaired health. Returning to America, Hodge
served as pastor of Presbyterian churches : four
years in the country parish of Lower West Not-
tingham, Md. ; six in Fredericksburg, Va. ; and
three in Wilkes Barre, Pa. As a preacher he de-
veloped a rare faculty of popular theological
exposition. In 1864 he became professor of
theology in Western Seminary, Allegheny, Pa.
During most of his time there he was also pastor
of the North Presbyterian Church. He went to
the seminary at Princeton in 1877 as associate to
his father, and soon after the latter's death the

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