Hodge

philosophy, ethics, politics, ecclesiastical polity,
and the affairs of the Presbyterian Church.
These were widely read on both sides of the At-
lantic. In them he waged vigorous yet imper-
sonal controversy for the Princeton theology,
especially against that of Andover. His first
book, A Commentary on the Epistle to the Ro-
mans (1835; igth edition 1880) brought him
high repute. Among his later books were The
Constitutional History of the Presbyterian
Church in the United States of America (2 vols.,
1839-40), commentaries on other Pauline epis-
tles, The Way of Life (1841), and finally his
Systematic Theology (3 vols., 1872-73), which
had extensive circulation. Posthumously ap-
peared Discussions in Church Polity (1878), a
book of much importance, and Conference Pa-
pers (1879). His writings gave Hodge distin-
guished standing among Scottish theologians.

In the Presbyterian Church he held a com-
manding position, through active participation
in church business and through his articles in
the Review. He was moderator of the General
Assembly (Old School) in 1846, and a promi-
nent member of the missionary and educational
boards. In the controversy which divided the
church in 1837 he contended against the New-
School views of doctrine and polity, and favored
the division. Though opposed to the institution
of slavery, he strongly deprecated the policy of
the Abolitionists, and contended that slave-hold-
ing was not necessarily a sin (see his articles in
E. N. Elliott's Cotton Is King, 1860, pp. 811-
76). During the Civil War, he resisted the
church's declaring itself on the question of po-
litical allegiance, but he supported the Federal
government in the Review, thereby extending
his influence. Although rigid in his views, he
was tender-hearted and affectionate and given
to strong emotions. His goodness and kindli-
ness made him universally beloved. In 1822 he
married a great-grand-daughter of Benjamin
Franklin, Sarah, daughter of Dr. William Bache
and Catharine Wistar of Philadelphia. Two of
their eight children, Archibald Alexander [g.v.]
and Caspar Wistar, became professors in Prince-
ton Seminary. His first wife died in 1849, and
in 1852 he married Mrs. Mary (Hunter) Stock-
ton.

[A. A. Hodge, The Life of Charles Hodge (1880) ;
C A. Salmond, Princetonia: Charles and A. A. Hodge
(1888) ; Proc. Connected with the Semi-Centennial
Commemoration of the Professorship of Rev. Charles
Hodge (1872) ; general catalogues of Princeton Univ.
and Theol. Sem.; Necrological Report of Princeton
Theolog. Sem. for 1870 (1879) J E. H. Gillett, Hist, of
the Presbyt. Ch. in the U. S. A. (2 vols., 1864.) J R. E.
Thompson, A Hist, of the Presbyt. Churches in the
U. $. (1895) ; Discourses Commemorative of the Life
and Work of Ctorfa Hodge, D.D., LL.D. (1879); L.

Hodge

H. Atwater, A Discourse Commemorative of the Late
Dr. Charles Hodge (1878) ; Phila. Inquirer, June 20,
l8?8-] R.H.N.

HODGE, HUGH LENOX (June 27, 1796-
Feb. 26, 1873), obstetrician, was born in Phila-
delphia, the son of Dr. Hugh and Mary (Blan-
chard) Hodge, and a brother of Charles Hodge
[g.z>.]. He received his early education in board-
ing schools in New Jersey and entered the soph-
omore class of the College of New Jersey in May
1812, graduating in 1814. .He began the study
of medicine under Dr. Caspar Wistar and grad-
uated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1818,
the subject of his thesis being "Digestion." Af-
ter graduation he took the position of surgeon
on a ship for two years during which time he
gained considerable experience but little in the
way of financial reward, so that his plan of
studying in Europe had to be given up. He be-
gan practice in Philadelphia and was soon given
dispensary positions. His first opportunity to
teach was as a substitute for Professor William
E. Horner [#.#.], in his anatomy class at the Uni-
versity of Pennsylvania. Later he was appointed
a lecturer in surgery in the summer school of
Nathaniel Chapman [q.v.~\. In 1835 William P.
Dewees \_q.v.~\ was compelled to resign from the
chair of obstetrics in the University of Pennsyl-
vania and was succeeded by Hodge after a stren-
uous contest in which his rival was Charles D.
Meigs [#.£>.]. In connection with his work in
obstetrics, as was natural, he became interested
in the allied subjects, of lie diseases peculiar to
women, and devoted more and more attention to
them. A condition which may result from child-
bearing is some form of displacement or prolapse
of the uterus. Before the days of modern sur-
gery the treatment of these conditions was diffi-
cult and mechanical contrivances which gave
support were welcome aids. Hodge devised cer-
tain very ingenious pessaries, by one of which
his name is kept in remembrance. He also in-
troduced valuable modifications in obstetrical
forceps and other instruments. As a result of
his long experience and special devotion to gyne-
cology and obstetrics he produced two works of
importance: On Diseases Peculiar to Women
(1860), and The Principles and Practice of Ob-
stetrics (1864). The latter must be regarded as
the more important and exercised a wide influ-
ence on obstetrical thought and practice at a time
when this subject was less developed than many
others in the medical field.

He had been compelled to give up his desire
to practise surgery on account of difficulty with
his sight. This affliction compelled him to de-
liver his lectures entirely from memory, but his

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