Hoen

lines mechanically cut through a ground of var-
nish to the surface of the stone. A modification
of this process played a conspicuous role in the
work of the firm up to the introduction of photo-
lithography.

In the technique of map symbolism Hoen made
a contribution of much importance in the sci-
entific representation of formations on geological
maps by devising a logical system of rulings and
patterns in each of the several colors, so that,
from the standpoint of printing, the number of
impressions could be reduced, it being possible
to differentiate subdivisions of the geological pe-
riods within the group horizon while showing by
the group color the period relationship. The first
application of this symbolism was made in the
maps, printed by A. Hoen & Company, which
accompanied R. D. Irving's The Copper-Bearing
Rocks of Lake Superior (Monographs of the
United States Geological Survey, vol. V, 1883),
Shortly after the publication of this work the
same principle was embodied in the United States
Geological Survey's patterns and color conven-
tions for geological maps (carried to its full
fruition on the "Geologic Map of North Amer-
ica," i: 5,000,000, engraved and printed by the
Geological Survey; see Bailey Willis, Index to
the Stratigraphy of North America, United
States Geological Survey Professional Paper 71,
1912).

In the more than thirty years since Weber's
death the establishment had steadily grown in
size. In 1882 a large building was erected on
Lexington, Holliday, and North Streets. In 1901
this was destroyed by fire, after which the plant
was removed to its present situation at Chester,
Chase, and Biddle Streets. Nearness to the to-
bacco and cotton industries led to the founding
in the eighties of a branch in Richmond, Va., for
the printing of labels. The Baltimore plant num-
bered about 200, the Richmond branch about
125 employees. On the death of Hoen in 1886
his son Albert Berthold Hoen took over the car-
tographic activities of the firm.

The outstanding traits of Hoen's character
were idealism, enthusiasm, and appreciation of
the good in others. His tastes ran to the fine
arts, music (he played the violoncello himself),
and horticulture. He took a lively interest in
the suburban village of Waverly, of which he
was one of the first settlers. He appreciated the
advantages of city planning and, through the
County Commissioners, had surveys made of the
metropolitan district of Baltimore to provide
for the laying out of boulevards and for the
growth of the city. In February 1849 he mar-

Hoenecke

ried Caroline (Muth) Weber, the widow of his
former associate.

IThe Biog. Cyc. of Representative Men of Md. and
the District of Columbia (1879) J biography of F. N.
Hoen, a nephew, in Baltimore: Its Hist, and Its People
(1912), II, 120-22; Baltimore American and Sun (Bal-
timore), Sept. 21, 1886; certain information from Al-
bert Berthold Hoen.] ^ ^ Qt j^

HOENECKE, GUSTAV ADOLF FELIX
THEODOR (Feb. 25, i835-Jan. 3, 1908), Lu-
theran clergyman, theologian, was born at Bran-
denburg, Germany, the son of Wilhelm and Ame-
lia Hoenecke. He graduated from the Branden-
burg Gymnasium, studied theology at Halle, and
became a tutor in Bern, Switzerland. He was
ordained Nov. 18, 1862, and sent by the Berlin
Missionary Society to Wisconsin, where he be-
gan work at Farmington, near Watertown, in
1863. In 1865 he was married to Mathilda Hess,
daughter of the Rev. Rudolf Hess of Hochstetten,
Canton Bern, Switzerland. The following year
he was made professor and director of the theo-
logical seminary of the Wisconsin Synod at Wa-
tertown, but in 1870, when the school was com-
bined with Concordia Theological Seminary, St.
Louis, Hoenecke declined, on a plea of poor
health, the call to St. Louis. Instead, he accept-
ed a call to St. Matthew's Church, Milwaukee.
In 1878 the Wisconsin seminary was brought
back and located at Milwaukee, chiefly to permit
the pastor of St. Matthew's to serve as director
and professor of homiletics and dogmatics. In
1890 he resigned from St. Matthew's, and on
Sept. 17, 1893, the Evangelical Lutheran Sem-
inary, as it was called, moved into its permanent
quarters at Wauwatosa, a suburb of Milwaukee.
This seminary was but the lengthened shadow of
its great president and professor.

As a preacher and homiletician he ranks high.
His lectures and sermons were brilliant and stir-
ring expositions of the Gospel. For the general
reader he issued the Gemeindeblatt, and in 1903
he founded the Theologische Quartalschrift in
which appeared his numerous articles and the
sermon outlines later republished as Predigt-
Entwurfe Uber die Altkirchlichen Evangelien
und Episteln nebst einigen Freitexten (1907).
The only other book issued during his lifetime
was the sermon collection, Wenn ich nur Dich
habe. His sons, Walter and Otto, edited at the
request of the Wisconsin Synod his lenten medi-
tations, Bin L'dmmlein Geht und Tragt die
Schuld: Zwei Reihen Passionspredigten (1910),
and his great Dogmatik (vols. I, II, and IV,
1909; vol. Ill, 1912; index volume, 1917).

As theologian and dogmatician Hoenecke
showed a high-minded conservatism. At a time
when furious doctrinal battles were raging on

108