Horn

cessor as director of the entomological section of
the Academy, holding this office until his death.
He was made professor of entomology in the
University of Pennsylvania in 1889, but the po-
sition was purely honorary, unconnected with
teaching or lecturing. He died at Beesley's
Point, N. J., in his fifty-eighth year.

Horn's life was one of incessant labor, and his
output as a scientific worker was very large. He
was considered the most distinguished of Amer-
ican coleopterists after the death of LeConte, and
he was looked upon as a world authority in this
group. His very large collection and his library
were left to the American Entomological So-
ciety. His bibliography includes more than 150
important papers in addition to very many minor
notes. He was responsible for the erection of
150 genera and for the naming and description of
more than 1,550 species. Horn never married.
He visited Europe in 1874, 1882, and 1888, for
the purpose of study in European museums. He
was an honorary member of the Entomological
Society of France.

[Sketch by P. P. Calvert, in Trans. Am. Entomol
Soc., vol. XXV (1898-99), app., pp. i-xxiv, to which
is appended (pp. xxv-lxxii) a full bibliography by Sam-
uel Henshaw, with an index to the genera and species
of Coleoptera described and named by Horn; Entomo-
logical News, Jan, 1898; Psyche, Jan. 1898; Public
Ledger (Phila.), Nov. 26, 1897.] L.O.H.

HORN, TOM (Nov. 21, i86o-Nov. 20, 1903),
government scout and interpreter, was born near
Memphis, Scotland County, Mo. As a boy he
neglected school and avoided work, spending
most of his time in hunting. In his fourteenth
year, after a severe beating from his father, he
ran away from home. A few months later he
reached Santa Fe, where he got work as a stage
driver, and whence he was afterward sent with
a drove of mules to the Verde River, Ariz. Hav-
ing learned to speak Spanish, he got a job as in*
terpreter under the scout Al. Sieber, at Fort
Whipple (Prescott), and with his new employer
went to the San Carlos Agency in July 1876. In
this region he remained for fourteen years. He
made friends with the Apache chiefs, Geronimo
and Chihuahua, and learned to speak their lan-
guage. Sometimes as scout, at other times as
interpreter, he served under Chaffee, Crook, and
Miles. In the negotiations leading to the sur-
render of Geronimo in the summer of 1886 he
bore a part which, though much less important
than would appear from his posthumous autobi-
ography, was of a nature to draw the warm com-
mendation of Miles, who calls Horn his "chief of
scouts."

At the end of the Apache wars he served for a
time as a deputy sheriff and later engaged in

Hornblower

mining. In 1890 he joined the Pinkerton Agency
in Denver, and four years later became a stock
detective for the Swan Land and Cattle Com-
pany in Wyoming. He was in the Spanish-
American War as a packmaster with Shafter's
army and took part in the battle of San Juan
Hill. Recovering from a severe attack of "Cu-
ban fever/' he again became a stock detective in
Wyoming. He was active in the bitter warfare
between the cattlemen and the "rustlers," and
became known as a "killer." For the murder of
a fourteen-year-old boy, William Nickell, in the
Iron Mountain region, on July 19, 1901, he was
tried and convicted in the following year, and in
spite of earnest efforts in his behalf was hanged
at Cheyenne. His autobiography, written ap-
parently during his confinement, was edited by
his friend, John C. Coble, and published in 1904.
Horn was six feet two in height, broad-shoul-
dered and deep-chested, with an erect carriage
and of great physical strength. His character
has been a subject of much controversy. By his
friends, who have maintained his innocence of
the crime charged against him, he is described as
a man of unfailing good nature, courteous, con-
siderate, generous, and thoroughly honest.

[John C. Coble, ed., Life of Tom Horn, Govt. Scout
and Interpreter, Written by Himself (1904) ; N. A.
Miles, Personal Recollections (1896) ; Arthur Chap-
man, "Tom Horn—Wyoming's Death Rider," Fron-
tier, Oct. 1925; correspondence in the Frontier, Dec.
1925, and Apr. 1926.] WJ.G.

HORNBLOWER, JOSEPH COERTEN
(May 6, 1777-June n, 1864), lawyer, jurist,
twelfth and last child of Josiah [q.vJ\ and Eliza-
beth (Kingsland) Hornblower, was born in
Belleville, N. J. His father was a native of Eng-
land and a distinguished engineer. Because
Joseph was a frail and delicate boy, his early
education was fragmentary. Such academic
training as his health would permit was gained
at Orange Academy. In his sixteenth year he
suffered a paralytic stroke which for a time seri-
ously impaired his physical and mental powers.
After a tedious period of convalescence, he be-
came associated in business in New York with
his brother-in-law, James H. Kip, a merchant.
Business did not prove congenial to his tastes,
however, and in 1798 he entered the law office of
David B. Ogden [g.z/.] in Newark. When Ogden
opened offices in New York in 1800, Hornblower
was placed in charge of the Newark office, al-
though he was not admitted to the bar until 1803.
Native ability, coupled with untiring industry,
grasp and knowledge of the law, honesty of pur-
pose and integrity of character, soon placed him
in the front ranks of his profession. He was
elected to the legislature in 1829, but a strictly

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