Howard

the establishment of Lincoln Memorial Univer-
sity. He actively participated as a Republican
speaker in the presidential campaigns of 1896,
1900, and 1904, and commanded the veterans in
the inaugural parades which followed. He was
the author of Nez Perce Joseph (1881), General
Taylor (1892), Isabella of Castile (1894), Fight-
ing for Humanity (1898), Donald's School Days
(1899), Henry in the War (1899), Autobiog-
raphy (1907), My Life and Experiences among
Our Hostile Indians (1907), Famous Indian
Chiefs I Have Known (1908). In 1881 he trans-
lated T. Borel's Count Agifior de Gasparin. He
wrote constantly for magazines and newspapers
and was much in demand as a lecturer and
preacher. In 1893 ne was awarded the Con-
gressional Medal of Honor for bravery at Fair
Oaks. He was married, Feb. 14, 1855, to Eliza-
beth Ann Waite of Portland, Me., who survived
him.

[Autobiog. of Oliver Otis Howard (2 vols., 1907) ;
War of the Rebellion: Official Records (.Army) \ Abner
Doubleday, Chancellor-smile and Gettysburg (1882);
John Bigelow, Jr., The Campaign of Chancellorsville
(1910); Papers of the Mil Hist. Soc. of Mass., vol.
VIII (1910); W. R. Livermore, The Story of the Civil
War (1913); Laura C. Holloway, Howard: the Chris-
tian Hero (1885) ; J. M. Hudnut, Commanders of the
Army of the Tenn. (1884) ; Southern Mag. (Baltimore),
Nov. 1873; P. S. Peirce, The Freedmen's Bureau
(1904) ; Forty-first Ann. Reunion Asso. Grads. U. S.
Mil. Acad. (1910) ; Mil. Order of the Loyal Legion of
the U. S., Commandery of the State of Vt.} Circular
No. 9, Ser. of 1909 ; Who's Who in America, 1908-09;
H. Howard, Howard Geneal. (1903); Army and Navy
Jour., Oct. 30, 1909; Burlington Daily Free Press, Oct.
*7» 1909-] J.G.deR.H.

HOWARD, TIMOTHY EDWARD (Jan.
27, i837-July 9, 1916), Indiana jurist, the eldest
of seven children, was born of Irish parentage
on a farm near Ann Arbor, Mich. His parents,
Martin and Julia (Beahan) Howard, came to
America in 1832, settling first in Vermont, but
soon removing to Michigan Territory where the
father entered some government land in the midst
of the forest. He died in 1851, leaving large re-
sponsibilities upon his widow and eldest son.
Young Howard attended a rural school near his
home and later an academy at Ypsilanti for two
terms, then entered the University of Michigan,
but left in 1856, before completing his sopho-
more year. After teaching a rural school two
years, he secured the opportunity of teaching and
attending classes in the University of Notre
Dame, at South Bend, Ind. In February 1862,
he enlisted in the I2th Michigan Infantry and a
few weeks later took part in the battle of Shiloh,
where he received wounds in the neck and shoul-
der. After two months in a hospital at Evans-
ville, Ind., he returned home on a furlough, but
finally digchargetf as unfit fpr further serv-

Howard

ice. He resumed his teaching and received his
degree in 1862, graduating in a class of five. At
the age of forty-six he took up the study of law,
receiving the law degree in due course, though
he did not begin to practise until 1883.

Becoming interested in local politics, though
never a politician in the ordinary sense, he was
elected county clerk in 1878, and in the same
year was chosen a member of the city council.
He later served as city and county attorney.
Elected to the state senate in 1886 and again in
1890, he was recognized as a most useful and in-
fluential member of that body. He was the au-
thor of the bill for the drainage of the Kankakee
Valley, was chairman of the committee in charge
of the school-textbook law, drafted an important
new revenue law, championed a new election
law, and introduced the measure for the estab-
lishment of the appellate court for Indiana. He
became the Democratic nominee from the 5th
district for justice of the state supreme court in
1892; was elected, and served from 1893 to 1899,
being three times chosen chief justice. His de-
cisions as chief justice (included in 133-52 In-
diana Reports) have been widely quoted and have
been reprinted in collections of decisions.

After retiring from the bench in 1899, Howard
resumed the practice of law in South Bend, and
in 1906 became professor of law at the Univer-
sity of Notre Dame, which position he was hold-
ing at the time of his death. During these years
he was active on several state commissions,
among them the Indiana Fee and Salary Com-
mission (1899) and the commission for codifying
the laws of Indiana (1903-05). A man of large
public spirit and a lover of nature, he took an
active interest in beautifying South Bend and
was instrumental in securing the city's first park,
which was named in his honor. He was the au-
thor of several publications, including Laws of
Indiana (1900), a manual; a book of essays,
Excelsior (1868); a book for children, Uncle
Edward Stories (n.d.) ; a historical sketch, The
Indiana Supreme Court (1900), issued by the
Northern Indiana Historical Society; a History
of the University of Notre Dame du Lac from
1842 to 1892 (1895); and Musings and Memo-
ries (1905), a volume of verse. His name ap-
pears also on the title page of A History of St.
Joseph County, Indiana (2 vols., 1907). He was
president of the Northern Indiana Historical
Society at the time of his death.

Howard was married on July 14,1864, to Julia
A. Redmond of Detroit, and to them were born
ten children of whom four sons and three daugh-
ters grew to maturity.

[Pictorial and Biog* Memoirs of Blkfart artf $f,

281