Howe

he transferred to Brown University, from which
he graduated in 1828. At Brown he came under
the dominating influence of President Francis
Wayland [q.v.], the first of three men who
shaped his careen The other two were Bishop
Alexander V. Griswold [g.z>.], who baptized him,
and Rev. Stephen H. Tyng [g.z>.], his first acad-
emy teacher. Howe studied law in his father's
office, taught in the Adams Grammar School
(1929-30), and in the Hawes Grammar School
(1830) in Boston, and was tutor for a year
(1831-32) at Brown. Having prepared for the
ministry, guided by the Rev. John Bristed of St.
Michael's, Bristol, R, L, he received deacon's
orders from Bishop Griswold in January 1832,
and was ordained the next year. After a few
months of service at St. Matthew's Church,
South Boston, he became the first rector of St.
James, Roxbury. Beginning in the autumn of
1835, he was for nine months at Christ Church,
Cambridge, but soon returned to Roxbury for an
eventful pastorate of ten years. During this pe-
riod he edited the Christian Witness. Always
interested in civic affairs, he vigorously defended
religion in the public schools against Horace
Mann [q.v.*], secretary of the state board of edu-
cation. In 1846 he became rector of St. Luke's,
Philadelphia. While here he raised the church
to a position of power through his preaching, his
organizing ability, and' his spiritual leadership.
Henry C Potter [#.#.], later bishop of New
York, sitting as a youth in St. Luke's, listened to
a searching personal plea which decided him to
enter the ministry. The rector was alive to the
problems of the Civil War period, and printed in
1864 a repty to the "mischievous dissemination"
on the Bible view of slavery published by Bishop
John H. Hopkins [q.v.] of Vermont. Near the
dose of Howe's ministry at St. Luke's, he pub-
lished the Memoirs of the Life and Services of
the Rt. Rev. Alonzo Potter, D.D., LL.D. (1871).
He also wrote an introductory essay for Reginald
Heber's Poetical Works (1858). In 1871 he was
chosen first bishop of the new Diocese of Central
Pennsylvania and was consecrated Dec. 28. He
moved to Reading, where he lived until the last
summer of his life, He organized the new dio-
cese without friction, worked with great zeal,
and traveled long distances in the course of his
duty. Although having pronounced convictions,
and a deep reverence for tradition, he exercised
patience and open-mindedness and guided his
people happily and wisely through twenty-three
years of activity. In the spring of 1895 Bishop
Howe relinquished the burden of his office, and
retired to Weetamoe Farm, in Bristol, on the
shore of Narragansett Bay.

Howe

His first wife was Julia Bowen Amory, whom
he married Oct. 16, 1833. She died Feb. 5,1841,
and in 1843 he married Elizabeth Smith Mar-
shall. His third wife, whom he married in June
1857, was Eliza Whitney.

[See Howe Geneals. . . . James of Ipswich (1929) •
H. C. Potter, "A Preacher and an Apostle." A Dis-
course Commemorative of the Life and Services of the
Rt. Rev. M. A. DeWolfe Howe . . . Nov. 13, iSo^
(1895); C B. Perry, Charles DWolf of Guadeloupe
. . . (1902); E. W. Howe, Mark Antony DeWolfe
Howe; 1808-1895 (1897); Churchman, Aug. 10,1895;
Public Ledger (Phila.), Aug. i, 1895. The spelling of
the names De Wolfe and Anthony has varied in indi-
vidual use.] C.K B

HOWE, ROBERT (i732-Dec. 14,1786), Rev-
olutionary soldier, was born in Bladen (later
Brunswick) County, N. C. His father, Job
Howe (or Howes), moved to North Carolina
from Charleston, S. C., and settled on the Cape
Fear River, where he became a prosperous rice
planter. His mother, whose first name was Sa-
rah, was a descendant of Sir John Yeamans.
Robert Howe was educated in England. He
married Sarah, the daughter of Thomas Grange,
but after some years they became estranged and
separated. As a rice planter at Howe's Point on
Cape Fear he amassed a considerable fortune. In
1756 he was made a justice of the peace for
Bladen, and when Brunswick was erected in
1764 he was again appointed. In the same year,
1764, he was chosen a member of the Assembly
and served by six reflections until the outbreak
of the Revolution. In 1766 he was made a cap-
tain and placed in command of Fort Johnston,
holding the post until 1767 and again from 1769
to 1773, and in Tryon's expedition against the
Regulators he served as a colonel of artillery. In
the early Revolutionary movement he was a
member of the safety committees of Brunswick
and Wilmington and of the first three provincial
congresses. He was also a member of the pro-
vincial Committee of Correspondence. Josiah
Quincy met him on his southern trip and wrote
of him: "Fine natural parts, great feeling, pure
and elegant diction, with much persuasive elo-
quence .,. a happy compound of the man of sense
and sentiment with the man of the world, the
sword and the senate" (Memoir, post, pp. 90,
92). But Janet Schaw in 1775 spoke of his hav-
ing "the worst character you ever heard through
the whole province/' adding, however, "he is
very like a Gentleman" (Journal of a Lady of
Quality, p. 167).

In 1775 Howe was made colonel of the 2nd
North Carolina Regiment He assisted in driv-
ing Lord Dunmore out of Virginia and com-
manded the troops which captured Norfolk. Pro-
moted brigadier-general of the Continental Line

294