Hubbard

[Autobiographical data may be found in the manu-
script collections of Minn. Hist. Soc. and in Hubbard's
"Early Days in Goodhue County," Minn. Hist. Soc.
Colls., vol. XII (1908). See also J. H. Baker, Lives of
the Governors of Minn. (1908), which is vol. XIII of
the Minn. Hist. Soc. Colls.; W. W. Folweli, A Hist, of
Minn., vols. II-IV (1924-30); W. H. C. Folsom, Fifty
Years in the Northwest (1888) ; E. W. Day, One Thou-
sand Years of Hubbard Hist. (1895) ; and the Minn.
Morning Tribune, Feb. 6, 1913.] S J B.

HUBBARD, RICHARD BENNETT (Nov.
i, i832-July 12,1901), lawyer, soldier, governor
of Texas, was born in Walton County, Ga., the
son of Richard Bennett and Serena (Carter)
Hubbard, On his father's side he was descended
from a Virginia and Carolina family of Welsh
origin, while on his mother's side he was de-
scended from the Carters and Battles, well-known
in the early history of Ga. In 1851 he grad-
uated from Mercer College with distinguished
honors, and two years later, after "passing
through the law department of the University
of Virginia," he was awarded the degree of
LL.B. by Harvard University. Settling in Ty-
ler, Tex., he speedily acquired a lucrative law
practice but almost immediately plunged into the
bitter political controversies of the time. In 1855
he canvassed the state in opposition to the Know-
Nothing party, and during the campaign of the
next year he "stumped the state" for James
Buchanan, whom, as a delegate to the National
Democratic Convention at Cincinnati, he had
helped to nominate. His success as an orator in
these two campaigns won for him distinction as
the "Demosthenes of Texas," and President
Buchanan appointed him United States district
attorney for the western district of Texas. After
two years of service as district attorney, he re-
signed and was elected to the state legislature.
In 1860 he was a delegate to the Charleston
Convention and supported John C. Breckinridge
against Stephen A. Douglas.

When the Civil War broke out, Hubbard raised
a regiment, the 22nd Texas Infantry, and served
effectively throughout the war, rising to the rank
of colonel in the Confederate army. When peace
returned, he retired to his farm near Tyler. Af-
ter his disabilities had been removed, he resumed
the practice of the law, and the campaign of 1872
found him actively engaged in the struggle to
drive the "radicals'* from power in Texas. In
that year he was one of the two delegates from
Texas sent to the National Democratic Conven-
tion and on his return made a vigorous and suc-
cessful campaign in Texas for Horace Greeley.
In 1873 he presided over the state convention of
his party and was unanimously nominated by it
for the office of lieutenant-governor, on a ticket
headed by Richard Coke. This ticket was swept
into power by a vote of two to one, a victory

Hubbard

which marked the return of the people of Texas
to the control of their political affairs. In 1876
Coke and Hubbard were reflected, and later in
the same year Hubbard became governor when
Coke resigned to accept election to the United
States Senate. In 1884 he was temporary chair-
man of the National Democratic Convention in
Chicago, and in the campaign that followed he
canvassed the state of Indiana for Cleveland and
Hendricks. His services to his party were
rewarded by his appointment as envoy extraor-
dinary and minister plenipotentiary to Japan.
Upon his return to America four years later, he
retired from active participation in political af-
fairs, though until his death he was much in de-
mand as a platform orator. He published, in
1899, The United States in the Far East. He
was twice married: to Eliza Hudson, the daugh-
ter of Dr. G. C. Hudson of Lafayette, Ala.; and
to Janie Roberts, the daughter of Willis Roberts
of Smith County, Tex.

[See The Encyc. of the New West (1881), cd. by W.
S. Specr and J. H. Brown; J. D. Lynch, The Bench and
Bar of Tex. (1885) ; Biog. Encyc. of Tex. (1880); L.
E. Daniell, Personnel of the Tex. State Government
(1892), and Texas, the Country and Its Men (n.d.);
E. W. Day, One Thousand Years of Hubbard Hist.
(1895), p. 312; C. W. Raines, Year Book for Tex. for
1901 (1902); Houston Post, July 13, 1901.]

C.S.P.
HUBBARD, RICHARD WILLIAM (Oct.

15, i8i6-Dec. 21, 1888), painter, was born in
Middletown, Conn. He was the fourth son of
Thomas and Frances Tabor Hubbard and was
descended from George Hubbard who was in
Hartford, Conn., in 1639. Thomas Hubbard was
for a time engaged in the shipping business in
New York City but returned to Middletown to
become cashier in the bank founded by his father.
After preliminary schooling in Middletown
Academy, Richard entered Yale College with the
class of 1837 but did not graduate. In 1838 he
went to New York City where he studied under
Samuel F. B. Morse, who was at that time presi-
dent of the National Academy of Design, and
young Daniel Huntington. This training he sup-
plemented by two years' study in England and
France in 1840-41.

Hubbard's contemplative disposition properly
found expression in pictures of quiet, gentle
landscapes such as those to be seen along the
Hudson Valley, in the Connecticut River Valley,
in upper New England, and in the vicinity of
Lake George. The constancy with which he
chose the same type of subject for more than for-
ty years is apparent from the titles of his can-
vases. In his early life he painted "Showery
Day, Lake George,** "Mansfield Mountain at
Sundown," "Meadows near Utica," and "Twi~

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