Hubbard

light'* ; while late in his life he was producing
"Afternoon in Summer/' "Down on the Mead-
ows," and 'The Watering Place.*' In contrast
to his one-time teacher, Huntington, he preferred
simple direct themes which lacked the anecdotal
or historical reference so common among the
works of his day. He recognized that beauty
appears in surprisingly humble surroundings at
times. The pensive quality of his art, and his
fidelity of statement give him the graceful sin-
cerity found in greater perfection in George In-
ness. What he lacked in vigor he in part com-
pensated for by charrn. His work was popular
and he became a frequent exhibitor at the shows
of the National Academy. To that society he
was admitted as an associate in 1851 and seven
years later he became an Academician. His work
also found a place in the Centennial Exhibition
in 1876. Here he showed "The Coming Storm,"
"Early Autumn," and "Glimpses of the Adiron-
dacks." His "Sunrise on the Mountains*1 is in
the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He was much
more of a dreamer than a man of action, yet he
served for many years, during his residence in
Brooklyn, as president of the Brooklyn Art As-
sociation. He was also a member of the Council
of the Academy and president of the Artists'
Fund Society, He was never married.

[E. W. Day, One Thousand Years of Hubbard Hist.
(1895) ; H. W. French, Art end Artists in Conn.
(1879) ; Samuel Isham and Royal Cortissoz, The Hist.
of Am. Painting (1927) ; H. T. Tuckennan, Book of
the Artists (1867) ; C. E. Clement and Laurence Hut-
ton, Artists of the Nineteenth Century and Their Works

O.S.T.

HUBBARD, THOMAS HAMLIN (Dec. 20,
i838-May 19, 1915), soldier, lawyer, and rail-
road executive, was born at Hallowell, Me., the
son of John Hubbard [g.f.], later governor of
Maine, and Sarah Hodge (Barrett) Hubbard.
He prepared for college at Hallowell Academy,
and then attended Bowdoin, graduating in 1857.
After a trip with his father to survey the fishing
boundaries of the northeast coast, he studied law
in an office in Hallowell and taught in the Hallo-
well Academy. In 1860 he was admitted to the
Maine bar and after graduation from the Albany
Law School, to the New York bar in 1861, where-
upon he entered the employ of the firm of Barney,
Butler & Parsons. On fee outbreak of the Civil
War he desired to enlist, but family pressure
held him back until September 1862, when he
joined the 2$th Maine Infantry and became first
lieutenant. In 1863 he became lieutenant-colonel
of the 3<*th Maine Infantry. In the Red River
campaign he was among those cited for distin-
guished service under Joseph Bailey [g.u] in
building the dams at Alexandria (War of

Hubbard

the Rebellion: Official Records, Army, i ser,,
XXXIV, pt. i, p. 221). In May 1864 he was
made colonel, and in the fall of that year was
transferred to the Army of the Shenandoah, un-
der Sheridan. At the end of the war he \vas
given the brevet rank of brigadier-general of
volunteers.

Resuming the practice of law m New York
City, he again (1867) entered the firm of Barney,
Butler & Parsons, which changed its name in
1874 to Butler, Stillman & Hubbard. In 1888
he began gradually to withdraw from practice to
manage, with his partner Thomas E. Stillman,
the property Mrs. E. F. Searles had inherited
from her first husband, Mark Hopkins, one of
the associates of C. P. Huntington [q.u.']. Since
this property included a considerable interest in
the Southern Pacific railroad system and other
related concerns, Hubbard became identified
with a variety of enterprises, although his chief
interest was in railroads. He had already par-
ticipated in the reorganization of the Wabash
Railroad, of which he was a director from 1889
until his death. He was president of the Hous-
ton & Texas Central Railroad in 1894, a vice-
president of the Southern Pacific in 1896, and
president of the Mexican International in 1897.
In 1899 and 1900 he disposed of his interest in
these properties and increased it in others,
including the Pacific Improvement Company,
which owned the Guatemala Central Railroad.
Hubbard extended this road and in 1912 sold it
to the International Railways of Central Amer-
ica. From 1902 to 1904 he was chairman, and
after 1904, president, of the International Bank-
ing Corporation, operating chiefly in the Far
East, which was fiscal agent for the United
States in the collection of the Boxer indemnity
and was a part of a syndicate which through the
Philippine Railway Company built railroads, un-
der a concession, on the islands of Panay and
Cebu.

Aside from professional and business activi-
ties, he was chiefly interested in Bowdoin Col-
lege, to which in 1900 he gave a library building.
He was one of its overseers, 1874-89, and a trus-
tee from 1889 until his death. He was a trustee
of the Albany Law School, where in 1902 he
endowed a lecture course in legal ethics. This
was a subject in which he took great interest,
being particularly active through the New York
State Bar Association and the American Bar
Association in bringing about the adoption of a
code of ethics. At the time of his death he was
commander in chief of the Military Order of the
Loyal Legion. From 1907 till he died he was
president of the Peary Arctic Club, which helped

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