Hulbert

Church in Meadville and the Meadville Theo-
logical School which he founded in 1844 for the
joint interests of the Unitarians and the Chris-
tian Connection. To these foundations he and
his descendants gave bountiful gifts and foster-
ing care. His daughter Anna became the wife
of James Freeman Clarke [#.£'.].

[Huidekoper, Holland Family (19*4), c°™p. by
Edgar Huidekoper; Huidchoper, Am. Branch (1928),
comp. by F. L. Huidekoper. N. M. and Francis Tif-
fany, Harm Jan Huidekoper (1904); P. £>• Evans, The
Holland Land Company (1924) ; E. M. Wilbur, A Hist.
Sketch of the Independent Cong. Church of Mcadville,
Pa., 1825-1900 (1902) ; F. A. Christie, The Makers of
the Meadville Thcol. School, 1844-1894 (1927) ; F-
A. Christie, Five Noble Lives (privately printed, 1928) ;
J. F. Clarke, in Christian Examiner, Sept. 1854-]

F.A.C

HULBERT, EDWIN JAMES (Apr. 30,1829-
Oct 20, 1910), surveyor, mining engineer, was
born at Sault Ste. Marie, Mich., the son of John
Hulbert (or Hurlbut) and Maria Elvendorf
Schoolcraft, and a descendant of Thomas Hurl-
but who emigrated to America in the seventeenth
century and settled in Connecticut. His father
was sutler to the garrison at Fort Brady, Sault
Ste. Marie; his mother was the sister of Henry
R. Schoolcraft [g.c-.]. In 1852, after the Michi-
gan copper district had been opened to settlement,
Hulbert went there on a road survey and acted
as surveyor and engineer for several copper-
mining companies. For a time he was engaged
as copyist of maps in the United States Land
Office at Sault Ste. Marie, in which employment
he familiarized himself with the surface features
of the Keweenaw Peninsula, then recently opened
to copper-mining development Resuming his
work as surveyor in this copper region, he found
samples of copper-bearing breccia and began a
search for the mother lode, which was rewarded
in the years 1858 and 1859. His discoveries
were on the site of the later-developed Calumet
and Hecla copper mine.

Hulbert had carried forward his search for
this mother lode with the greatest secrecy; but
in order to realize on his discovery it was neces-
sary for him to secure the land containing the
lode. His first purchase was from the United
States government, to which he later added a
tract obtained from the St. Mary's Mineral Land
Company, recipient of a large federal land grant
5tt compensation for the construction of the canal
at Satalt Ste. Marie. He then organized the Hul-
bert Mining Company, to work the property, but
the Civil War retarded its development In 1864
and 1866 openings were made on the site of the
lode and rich copper deposits were uncovered,
To assist in financing these mining ventures at
Cateset, Htdbert had recourse to Boston capital-

Hull

ists for loans secured by his stock holdings in his
Michigan mines. He was temporarily employed
as superintendent of these mines but eventually
lost both his employment there and his stock
interest in the company, leading to years of con-
troversy and litigation with Quincy A, Shaw of
Boston, and others. Apparently in consideration
of the receipt of a stipulated regular income Hul-
bert withdrew his suit against Shaw and the
Calumet and Hecla Company, left the country,
and resided in Rome, Italy, until his death. He
is remembered mainly for his discovery of the
Calumet conglomerate, copper-bearing deposits
in the Calumet copper district of northern Michi-
gan. Although these achievements were for a
time called into question, there are probably to-
day no mining men of standing in the Lake Su-
perior mining region who doubt that the dis-
covery was made largely as Hulbert claimed to
have effected it He recorded his labors and dis-
coveries in the Michigan copper district in Calu-
met-Conglomerate (1893), followed in 1899 by
Calumet-Conglomerate Discovery. On Oct. 22,
1856, Hulbert married Frances C. Harback. He
was a member of the Michigan legislature, 1875-
76, and member of the American Institute of Min-
ing and Metallurgical Engineers, 1874-86.

[Geo. E. Edwards, "The Late Edwin J. Hulbert,"
Mining World, Nov. 26, 1910; Mich. Biogs. (1924),
vol. I; A. P. Swinef ord, Hist, and Refy of the Copper,
Iron, Silver, Slate, and Other Material Interests of the
South Shore of Lake Superior (1876); A. C Lane, The
Keweenaw Series of Mich. (2 vols., 1911); Proc, of
the Lake Superior Mining Inst.f vol. II, 1894; Hist, of
the Upper Peninsula of Mich. (Chicago, 1883); G. R.
Agassiz, Letters and Recollections of Alexander Agassis
(1913) ; H. H. Hurlbut, The Hurlbut GeneaL (1888).].

L.A.C.

HULL, ISAAC (Mar. 9, i773~Feb. 13,1843),
naval officer, was descended from Richard Hull
who migrated from Dorchester, Mass., to New
Haven, Conn., in 1639. The family moved to
Derby, a near-by town, where Lieut Joseph
Hull, an officer of the Revolution, was born in
1750. He married Sarah, daughter of Daniel
Bennett, and built a house across the river in
Huntington, now Shelton. Here Isaac was born,
the second of seven children, all sons. When
quite young he was adopted by his uncle, William
Hull [#.#.], and lived in Newton, Mass. He
went to sea at fourteen as a cabin-boy and at
sixteen was shipwrecked and saved the life of
his captain. Before he was twenty-one he com-
manded a ship and made deep-sea voyages. He
was appointed a lieutenant in the United States
Navy, Mar. 9, 1798, and served in the naval war
with France on board the frigate Constitution,
In 1800 he commanded a cutting-out expedition
and captured a French armed ship at Porto Plata,

360