Hunter

that while a clergyman, he had also had much
military experience, and was an excellent teach-
er, for the Navy Register of 1812 states that in
addition to the regular chaplain's pay of forty
dollars per month and two rations a day, he was
to receive twenty dollars per month and three
rations per day as mathematician. He is the
first chaplain who is known to have performed
also the duty of schoolmaster in the United
States naval service (T. G. Ford, in Proceed-
ings of the United States Naval Institute,
XXXII, 903). This position he occupied for the
remainder of his career, more or less active ap-
parently in the intellectual life of Washington,
since he is listed as one of the incorporators of
the Columbian Institute. The statement made
in several sources that he died in Burlington,
N. J., seems to be incorrect, since the National
Intelligencer, Washington, Feb. 25, 1823, an-
nounces his decease as occurring "yesterday
morning, . . . after a long illness" ; his f uneral
to take place "from his late residence, Capitol
Hill." After his first wife's death he married
Mary Stockton, daughter of Richard Stockton
[q.vJ\ and Annis (Boudinot). Gen. David
Hunter [#.r.L and Louis Boudinot Hunter, sur-
geon in both army and navy, were his sons. A
daughter, Mrs. Mary (Hunter) Stockton, be-
came the second wife of Rev. Charles Hodge

EJ. E. Norris, Hist, of the Lower Shenandoah Val-
ley (1890) ; Archives of the State of N. /., 2 ser., Ill
(1906) ; Proc. JV. J. Hist. Soc.f i ser., IX (1864) and
3 ser., VI (1909) ; Philip Vickers Fithian: four, and
Letters, 1767-1774 (1900), ed. by J. R, Williams; W,
S. Stryker, Official Reg. of the Officers and Men of N. I.
in the Revolutionary Wat (18^2) ; T. C Stockton, The
Stockton Family of N. JT. and Other Stocktons (ign) ;
Gen. Cat. of Princeton Univ., 1746-1906 (1908) ; S. D.
Alexander, Princeton College During the Eighteenth
Century (1872) ; C O. Paullin, in Proc. U. S. Naval
In$t.t vol. XXXII (1^06).] H.E.S.

HUNTER, DAVID (July 21, i8o2-Feb. 2,
1886), Union soldier, was born at Washington,
D. C., the son of Rev. Andrew Hunter [#.#.] and
his second wife, Mary (Stockton) Hunter,
daughter of Richard Stockton [#.#.], a signer of
the Declaration of Independence. In 1818, his
father being at that time chaplain in the United
States Navy stationed at the Washington Navy
Yard, young Hunter was appointed to West
Point Graduating in 1822, he served in the 5th
Infantry until he became a captain Jn the ist
Dragoons m 1833. While stationed at Fort
De&rbom, Chicago, he was marriecj, between
ifoS and 1831 to Maria Indiana Kinzie. He in-
vested in Chicago lands and in 1836, resigning
fn»a the army, settled In Chicago to engage in
business with his brother-in-law, John H. Kin-
$ie He centered the army in 1842 as a pay-

Hunter

master with the rank of major, and in this ca-
pacity was with General Taylor's forces in the
Mexican War.

In 1860, Hunter, then serving in Kansas, com-
menced a correspondence with Lincoln advising
him of secession rumors. Invited to accompany
the President-Elect on his inaugural trip to
Washington, he sustained an injury to his col-
lar bone early in the journey and was unable to
continue with Lincoln's party. When he arrived
at the Capital later, he was put in charge of a
guard of 100 gentlemen volunteers to protect the
White House, spending every night in the East
Room. Commissioned colonel of cavalry in May
1861, he was made brigadier-general of volun-
teers a few days later and appointed to command
the 2nd Division of McDowell's army. In July
he participated in the Bull Run campaign. Much
straggling and disorder occurred, and the attack,
led by Hunter's division, was late, and was made
by small detachments one at a time which were
successively defeated Hunter, however, severe-
ly wounded at the beginning of the engagement,
was not to blame for the poor conduct of the
troops, which was due in the main to their lack
of training.

In October, he was sent to Missouri to relieve
Fremont whom, on Nov. 2, he superseded as
commander of the Western Department. He at
once repudiated Fremont's convention with Ster-
ling Price whereby both generals agreed to force
the disbandment of unauthorized armed bodies,
and in accordance with orders withdrew the
Union forces for rest and reorganization. Later
in November he was assigned to command in
Kansas, but since there was at the moment no
enemy in that state, he was able to send troops to
assist in the expedition against Forts Henry
and Donelson, and to Canby in New Mexico.

In March 1862 he assumed command of the
Department of the South. Fort Pulaski, Ga.,
was at once besieged, and after heavy bombard-
ment surrendered on Apr. n. The next day
Hunter issued an order liberating the slaves
which had fallen into Federal hands, and on May
9 followed it by another liberating all slaves Jn
his department Applauded by abolitionists, this
move caused uneasiness in border states and ex-
citement in Congress, and on May 19 the Presi-
dent issued a proclamation annulling the order
on the ground that it exceeded the General's au-
thority. Hunter had also sanctioned the raising
of a negro regiment (the ist South Carolina),
and in that action was upheld by Congress, The
Confederate States proclaimed him a felon, and
ordered his execution if captured. He now at-
tempted to take Charleston, but lost the battle

400