Husbands

Moore, for "gross prevarication and falsehood,"
and for offering "a daring insult" to the Assem-
bly, "tending to intimidate the Members from a
due discharge of their duty*' (Colonial Records,
VIII, 331). He was at once arrested and held
in jail until February 1771, when the grand jury
failed to indict.

In September 1770 there had occurred a riot
in Hillsboro, when the Regulators broke up the
superior court. Husbands was present, but there
is no evidence that he took any part. It is un-
likely that he did, for he hated violence and con-
sistently opposed it, hoping through the power
of organized public opinion to secure justice.
Thus, when at Alamance, on May 16, 1771, it
was clear that peaceful means had failed, he rode
away before a shot was fired. After Gov. Tryon
had crushed the Regulators in that battle, how-
ever, Husbands was outlawed, a large price was
set upon his head, and his fine plantation was
laid waste. He fled, first to Maryland, where he
evaded arrest, and thence to Pennsylvania where
he lived thereafter. Gov. Josiah Martin par-
doned him and he revisited North Carolina
briefly during the Revolution. He is said to have
served in the Pennsylvania legislature in 1778
and in 1794 was a leader in the Whiskey Insur-
rection, serving on the Committee of Safety.
Captured, he was tried in the United States cir-
cuit court and condemned to death, but Benjamin
Rush, at the instance of Dr. David Caldwell, in-
terceded for him with Washington, as did Alex-
ander Martin and Timothy Bloodworth, the
North Carolina senators, and procured his par-
don. Upon his release he was taken ill and died
on his way home.

Husbands was three times married. The name
of his first wife is unknown; on July 3, 1762, he
married Mary Pugh, and in 1766 Amy (or
Emmy) Allen, who survived him. The most no-
table writings ascribed to him are An Impartial
Relation of the First Rise and Cause of the Re-
cent Differences, in Publick Affairs, in the Prov-
ince of North-Carolina (1770) and A Fan for
Fanning (1771), although his authorship of the
latter, which is a vindication of the Regulators
and especially of Husbands himself, has been
disputed.

[The Colonial Records of N. C, ed. by W. L, Satin-
ders, vols. VII-X (1890); Some Eighteenth Century
Tracts Concerning J\T. C. (1927), with introduction and
notes by W. K. Boyd; W. D, Cooke, Revolutionary
Hwt. of tf. C. (1853), pp. 13 ff-; S. B. Weeks, "South-
cm Quakers and Slavery," Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies
& Hist, and Pol. Set., extra vol. XV (1896) ; E. W.
Cartr&ers, A Sketch of the Life and Character of the
£jj. DaMCaldwell (1842), pp. 11^-22; J. S. Bassett,
"H» Regulators of N, C," in Ann. Report Am. Hist.
A&o., 1894 (1895); sketch by Frank Nash, in S. A,
Asfee, Bio$, Hist, of JV. C., vol. II (1905) ; J. S, Jones,

Huse

A Defence of the Revolutionary Hist, of the State of
N. C. (1834), PP. 34-56; Pa. Mag. of Hist, and Biog'
Apr. 1886.] J.G.delLH.

HUSE, CALEB (Feb. n, iSai-Mar. n, 1905),
soldier, purchasing agent in Europe for the Con-
federate army, was born in Newburyport, Mass,,
the eldest son of Ralph Cross and Caroline
(Evans) Huse. He was a descendant of Abel
Huse who was admitted a freeman in Massachu-
setts in 1642 and died at Newbury in 1690.
Caleb's mother died while he was still very
young1, and he lived for a time with the sisters
of his first stepmother. In 1847 he entered the
United States Military Academy, graduating in
1851 seventh in his class. He was made a brevet
second lieutenant in the United States army and
assigned to the first regiment of artillery, serv-
ing for a time at Key West, where in 1852 he
married Harriet Pinckney, by whom he had thir-
teen children. He was on duty at West Point as
assistant professor of chemistry, mineralogy, and
geology from 1852 until 1859, a period which
included most of the time when Robert E. Lee
was superintendent of the Academy, On Nov. 4,
1854, he was promoted to first lieutenant. At a
time when other young officers were becoming
restive in the pre-war army, he procured leave
in order to travel abroad, and on his return in
1860 he accepted a position as commandant of
cadets at the University of Alabama, where mili-
tary discipline was being introduced for reasons
quite apart from politics.

When his leave was suddenly terminated in
February 1861, he at once resigned his commis-
sion. His decision to serve the Confederacy, ap-
parently made without hesitation, can be ex-
plained only by his association at West Point
with Lee and other Southerners, and by his en-
vironment at the critical moment. He entered
the Confederate army as a captain and was later
made a major. About the first of April 1861, be-
ing known as an artillery expert, he was sum-
moned to Montgomery and soon left for Europe
to purchase supplies for the army. Arriving in
Liverpool on May 10, he found the market ill
supplied with small arms: "Everything has been
taken by the agents from the Northern States,"
he reported, "and the quantity which they have
secured is very small" (War of the Rebellion:
Official Records, Army, 4 sen, I, 344). Huse's
first instructions were limited, and until early in
August he was obliged to watch the Federal
agents sweep the field. After the battle of Bull
Run, however, the secretary of war gave him a
free hand to purchase arms "from whatever
places and at whatever price" (Ibid., pp. 493"
94), and he plunged into the buying of all sorts

428