Hutchinson

England forebears. In his day he was the Na-
poleon of commodity speculation.

[C. H. Taylor, Hist, of the Board of Trade of the
City of Chicago (3 vols., 1917); Paul Gilbert and L. C.
Bryson, Chicago and Its Makers (1929) ; Parley Derby,
The Hutchinson Family (1870) ; Vital Records of Mid-
dleton,Mass, (1904) ; Chicago News, Chicago Tribune,
and Chicago Chroniclet Mar. 17, 1899.] E. A. D.

HUTCHINSON, CHARLES LAWRENCE

(Man 7, i854-0ct 7, 1924), Chicago merchant
and banker, was born in Lynn, Mass., the son of
Benjamin P. Hutchinson [q.v.] and Sarah M.
Ingalls. He was educated in the Chicago public
schools and graduated from high school in 1873.
He then entered his father's office as a clerk and
in 1875 &£ ft1™ °* B. P. Hutchinson & Son, com-
mission merchants, was organized. The firm
continued to operate until 1889. Charles learned
the grain and provision business, was a member
of the Board of Trade, and at the age of thirty-
four became president of the organization. He
was not, however, inclined toward speculation,
and his business life was most closely identified
with the Corn Exchange Bank which his father
had established in 1870. He acquired a one-
fourth interest in the bank in 1880, and after
serving as assistant cashier, became president
in 1886. In this position he remained until
1898, when he voluntarily retired to become vice-
president. The principal business of the bank
was in the financing of the grain and meat-pack-
ing business of the city. He had married, on
May 26, 1881, Frances Kinsley of Chicago.

Hutchinson seems to have developed early in
life a love for cultural and civic pursuits. At the
age of fourteen he began by raising more than
a hundred dollars for a newsboys' home. Hav-
ing a natural love of the beautiful, he cultivated
a taste for fine art in painting and architecture.
As a young man in 1879, he met with others to
initiate the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts
which was shortly to become the Art Institute.
With one other he raised the $60,000 necessary
to start the Academy on its way. In 1882 he
was made president of the Art Institute and re-
mained in this office until his death, a period of
forty-two years. He was active in adding to the
institute's collection of paintings; donated addi-
tional space and endowment; and at his death
bequeathed to it his valuable personal collection
of works of art. He acted as chairman of the
fine arts committee of the World's Columbian
Exposition and was chiefly responsible for the
building of the new art museum. He was also
actively interested in a hundred or more differ-
ent organizations the aim of which was the ad-
vancement of human welfare, He regularly gave

Hutchinson

away half of his personal income and collected
additional funds from his friends to support the
enterprises in which he was interested. As a
member of the Board of South Park Commis-
sioners, 1907-22, he was active in planning and
carrying out the improvement of the lake front
of Chicago, and in building small parks in con-
gested residence districts. His service to educa-
tion was identified most closely with the Uni-
versity of Chicago. He served as treasurer and
member of the board of trustees from the incep-
tion of the new university in 1893 u*rtil his death.
The fine Gothic architecture of the buildings
owes much to his influence as chairman of the
committee on buildings. At a time when suc-
cessful accomplishment was measured largely by
the accumulation of material wealth, Hutchin-
son made an important contribution to the social,
artistic, and educational life of Chicago.

[The Art Inst. of Chicago: Forty-Sixth Ann. Report
(1924); Univ. of Chicago Record, Jan. 1923; Who's
Who in America, 1924-25; Parley Derby, The Hutch-
inson Family (1870) ; Chicago Tribune and Chicago
News, Oct. 8, 1924.] E.A.D.

HUTCHINSON, JAMES (Jan. 29, 1752-
Sept. 5, 1793), physician, was born in Wake-
field Township, Bucks County, Pa., the son of
Randall and Catherine (Rickey) Hutchinson.
His father was a prosperous farmer and James
received an unusually good education for the
times. He attended an academy in Burlington,
N. J., continued at a school in Virginia, and is
said to have attended the College of Philadel-
phia. After studying medicine in Philadelphia,
in 1775 he went to England to study under Dr.
John Fothergill of London. His return home
two years later was hastened by the Revolution.
He came by way of France and was the bearer
of important dispatches from Benjamin Frank-
lin to the Congress of the United States. On his
arrival in Philadelphia he immediately joined the
army as a surgeon and later became surgeon-
general of Pennsylvania, serving as such from
the latter part of 1778 until 1784. After the
evacuation of Philadelphia by the British army,
he was appointed a member of the Committee of
Safety, He built up a large medical practice and
with Benjamin Rush held the office of physician
to the Port of Philadelphia. In 1779 he was ap-
pointed one of the trustees of the University of
Pennsylvania, by the act under which the insti-
tution was incorporated, and served as such until
1781. In 1783 he declined the chair of materia
medica and chemistry at the university, but in
1789 he accepted the appointment and in 1791
was appointed professor of chemistry, which
position he held until his death. He was a mem-

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