Hutchinson

biographies are: P. O. Hutchinson, The Diary and
Letters of Thos. Hutchinson (2 vols., 1883-86) ; and
J. K. Hosmer, The Life of Thos. Hutchinson (1896).
See also E. A. Jones, The Loyalists of Mass. (1930).]

C.L.B.

HUTCHINSON, WOODS (Jan. 3, 1862-
Apr. 26, 1930), physician and author, was born
of Quaker stock at Selby, Yorkshire, England.
His father was Charles Hutchinson, his mother
Elizabeth Woods. Sir Jonathan Hutchinson, the
eminent surgeon, was his uncle. His family emi-
grated to Iowa while Woods was a boy. He at-
tended private schools, both in Yorkshire and
Iowa, and in 1880 he received the degree of A.B.
from Penn College, a Quaker institution at Oska-
loosa, Iowa. Four years later he received a de-
gree in medicine at the University of Michigan.
He then settled in Des Moines, Iowa, and except
for two years spent in travel and study abroad he
practised there until 1896. In 1891 he was made
professor of anatomy at the State University of
Iowa and for a time he edited a medical journal,
Vis Medicatrix. From 1896 to 1899 he held the
professorship of comparative pathology at the
University of Buffalo, then in the year 1899-
1900 he lectured on comparative pathology at
the London Medical Graduates' College and on
biology at the extension department of the Uni-
versity of London. Returning to America he
settled in Oregon and from 1903 to 1905 served
as state health officer. Up to this time he had
published The Gospel According to Darwin
(1898) and Studies in Human and Comparative
Pathology (1901). About 1905 he determined
to devote himself to writing and removed to
New York City, presumably to take advantage
of its library facilities. The metropolis became
his home until shortly before his death. From
1907 to 1909 he was professor of clinical medi-
cine at the New York Polyclinic, but he held no
other teaching position. In 1908 he published
Instinct and Health, followed in 1909 by Health
and Common Sense, and in 1910 by The Con-
quest of Consumption. In 1911 he published
three volumes: We and Our Children, A Hand-
book of Health, and Exercise and Health. Later
came The Child's Day (1912), Common Dis-
eases (1913), Civilization and Health (1914),
and Community Hygiene (1916), In 1918 he
published The Doctor in War. The volume of
his literary output in book form, however, was
exceeded by his contributions to periodical and
newspaper literature. In addition to his numer-
ous popular articles in standard American and
British reviews and magazines, he contributed
syndicated articles to the daily press, so that in
time his name became familiar to millions of
readers, and he held a unique place as an inter-

Hutson

preter of medical information to the layman. He
also lectured extensively and championed his
profession in public debates and before legisla-
tive committees. Although he wrote on a great
variety of topics, his chief interest was preven-
tive medicine. In fact, his self-constituted mis-
sion in life seerns to have been to impart a
knowledge of this subject to the greatest possi-
ble number of people. In 1915-16 Hutchinson
served as president of the American Academy
of Medicine. During the World War he acted
as unofficial observer on the Western and Ital-
ian fronts, and after the United States entered
the war, he endeavored to enlist in the Medical
Corps, but he was rejected on account of age.
His last years were spent largely in travel. He
was abroad from 1922 to 1924 and again from
1926 to 1928. After the latter trip he lived in
Hollywood for a time, but in 1929 he removed
to Brookline, Mass. His death, caused by cere-
bral apoplexy, occurred after a brief illness. He
had married, in 1893, Cornelia Williams of Des
Moines.

[Who's Who in America, 1926-27; Univ. of Mich.
Cat. of Grads., Non-Grads., Officers, and Members of
the Faculties (1923); N. Y. Times, N. Y. Herald Trib-
une, Apr. 27, 1930.] E.P.

HUTSON, RICHARD (July 9, i;48-Apr. 12,
J795)> jurist, was the son of Rev. William and
Mary (Woodward) Hutson, the widow of Isaac
Chardon. His father, an English law student
turned actor, was converted by Whitefield, and
served from 1743 to 1757 as tne minister of the
Independent Church at Stoney Creek, in what
was later Beaufort District, S. C. In the latter
year he was called to the Independent Congre-
gational Church in Charleston. Richard was
graduated from Princeton in 1765, and for a
time was uncertain what to do with himself.
When he studied law is not known. At the out-
set of the Revolution he was on his plantation
on Stono River, St. Andrew's Parish. He had
rejoiced in the resistance to the Stamp Act, and
remained throughout the war one of the uncom-
promising Revolutionists. He served in the mi-
litia during the British attack on Charleston in
1776. In the same year he was elected to the As-
sembly, and by that body in turn to the legisla-
tive council. True to his upbringing, he took an
active part in the disestablishment of the Angli-
can Church. From January 1778 to February
1779 he was delegate to the Continental Con-
gress, though not actually present until Apr. 13,
and signed the Articles of Confederation. Re-
turned to the lower house of the Assembly in the
election of December 1779, he was made a mem-
ber of the privy council. After the fall of

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