Hyslop

College at Northwood, Ohio (West Geneva
College), but soon transferred to Wooster Uni-
versity, where he graduated in 1877, Profes-
sor Samuel S. Gregory taught him philosophy,
broadened his religious beliefs, and stimulated
his interest in speculative problems. After teach-
ing a district school for two years he accepted
a position in McCorkle College at Sago, Ohio, an
institution sponsored by his parents' sect, but he
left after five months and went to the Academy
of Lake Forest University, where he taught from
1880 to 1882. Here he first came under liberal
influences, and even came to favor the Unitarian
Church. He sailed for England with the inten-
tion of pursuing graduate studies at Edinburgh,
but instead he went into business at London until
he had saved enough money to enable him to go
to the University of Leipzig, where he studied
under Wundt. In 1884 he returned, taught for
a year in Lake Forest University, then in 1885
he was called by H. N. Gardiner to teach philos-
ophy at Smith College. In 1887 he received the
degree of Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins University.
After several months on the staff of the Asso-
ciated Press he taught at Bucknell University in
Pennsylvania. In 1889 he was called to Colum-
bia College as tutor in philosophy, ethics, and
psychology. Three years later he became in-
structor in ethics, and in 1894 he became pro-
fessor of logic and ethics. He held this chair
until 1902, when tuberculosis forced him to give
up his work.

After three years of almost complete inac-
tivity Hyslop. recovered sufficiently to enable
him to do intensive work on psychical research,
a subject in which he had become interested
through Richard Hodgson as early as 1889 and
which became increasingly his chief preoccu-
pation. In 1906, after the death of Hodgson, sec-
retary of the American branch of the Society for
Psychical Research, certain disputes about the
"Piper case," as well as certain more general
differences between the London Society and the
American Branch, led Hyslop to found the
American Institute for Scientific Research. This
was to be organized into two sections: Section A
was to be devoted to abnormal psychology and
was to be headed by French authorities in this
field, but this plan failed to materialize; Sec-
tion B became the American Society for Psy-
chical Research. For years Hyslop worked al-
most single-handed in this organization. His
evident honesty and his scientific zeal for get-
ting all the facts available gained for him the
respect and encouragement of many psychol-
ogists and scientists; but his increasing hospi-
tality to some form of spiritualistic belief served

Iberville

to isolate him intellectually from most of his
fellow-scientists. His supposed messages from
Hodgson through the mediumship of Mrs. Piper
were severely criticized by Miinsterberg, and
his defense of what he called the "pictographic
process" of spirit communication met with com-
paratively slight acceptance among academic
psychologists. Nevertheless the Proceedings
and publications of his Psychical Research So-
ciety became the center for much serious discus-
sion and for the reporting of numerous "phe-
nomena." And his work in this field was car-
ried on after his death by an enthusiastic and
devoted group of collaborators.

Though Hyslop's fame rests undoubtedly on
his contributions in the field of psychical re-
search, he was also influential as a teacher of
philosophy. He was among the first to champion
the revolt in America against idealism, against
speculative methods, and Transcendental doc-
trines in philosophy, and he tried to lay the foun-
dations for a scientific procedure in moral and
logical problems. In this he borrowed largely
from others, notably from Lotze. His numerous
texts lack originality, but they were widely used
during his lifetime. His largest philosophical
work, Problems of Philosophy (1905), contains
much careful criticism, especially of Kant, but
it suffers from a subordination of all issues to
his own dominant interest in spiritualistic meta-
physics. Besides many articles in Mind, the An-
dover Review, Philosophical Review, the Nation,
the Yale Review, and other periodicals, and his
numerous contributions to the proceedings of
both the English and the American Societies
for Psychical Research, his published works in-
clude: The Elements of Logic (1892); Hume's
Treatise of Morals (1893); The Elements of
Ethics (1895) ; Elements of Psychology (1895);
Syllabus of Psychology (1899); Logic and
Argument (1899); Democracy; A Study of
Government (1899); Problems of Philosophy
(1905); Science and a Future Life (1905);
Borderland of Psychical Research (1906); Psy-
chical Research and Survival (1913); and Life
after Death (1918). Hyslop was married, on
Oct. 1,1891, to Mary Fry Hall, the daughter of
George W, Hall of Philadelphia, He died in
Upper Montclair, N. J.

[Jour, of the Am. Soc. for Psychical Research, Sept.,
Oct., Nov. 1920; G. O. Tubby, fas. H. Hyslop—X. His
Book. A Cross Reference Record (1929) ; Who's Who
in America, 1920-21; N. y. Times, Feb. 14, 1900, June
18,1920.] H.W.S-d-r.

IBERVILLE, PIERRE LE MOYNE, Sieur
d* (July i66i-July 9,1706), explorer, third son
of Charles le Moyne, Sieur de Longueuil, and
Catherine Tierry, named Primot from an adop-

455