Ingals

Lincolnshire, England, landed at Salem, Mass.,
in 1628 with the party headed by Governor En-
decott He was born at Lee Center, Lee Coun-
ty, III, to Charles Francis and Sarah (Haw-
kins) Ingals. Following a course at the Rock
River Seminary, Mount Morris, 111., he joined
the family of his uncle, Dr. Ephraim Ingals, in
Chicago and began the study of medicine in Rush
Medical College, graduating in 1871. After an
interneship in the Cook County Hospital he en-
tered upon a teaching career in Rush Medical
College which continued throughout his life.
First appointed assistant professor of materia
medica, he was made lecturer on diseases of the
chest and physical diagnosis in 1874, professor
of laryngology in 1883, and professor of prac-
tice of medicine in 1890. After 1898 he was
also comptroller of the college. From 1879 to
1898 he held the chair of diseases of the throat
and chest in the Woman's Medical School of
Northwestern University. Beginning in 1890
he was professor of laryngology and rhinology
at the Chicago Polyclinic, and he was lecturer
on medicine at the University of Chicago after
1901. In his capacity of comptroller he was
largely instrumental in bringing about the af-
filiation of Rush Medical College with the Uni-
versity of Chicago, and played an important part
in raising the endowment required to complete
the merger. Active in local and national medi-
cal societies, he was a charter member of
the American Laryngological Association and
served it as president in 1887. He was also a
charter member and one-time president of the
American Climatological Association, as well
as a member of the American Laryngological,
Rhinological and Otological Society. Notable
among his medical society activities was the part
which he took in organizing the Institute of
Medicine of Chicago. In 1914 he called a meet-
ing at the University Club of the leading medi-
cal men of the city, which resulted in the found-
ing of the Institute. As a practitioner he was
an original investigator of both medical and sur-
gical phases of his specialty. He was a pioneer
in bronchoscopy, for which he modified instru-
ments in use and devised new ones. In the sur-
gery of the accessory sinuses of the nose he was
particularly interested in the intranasal drain-
age of frontal sinusitis. He wrote a number of
papers upon the subject, usually provocative of
discussion and criticism which drew from him
further defense of his point of view. Other sub-
jects which claimed his attention and which fur-
nished material for his writings were the treat-
ment of fibrous tumors of the nasopharynx, in-
tubation, laryngeal tuberculosis, and the immu-

Ingersoll

nization treatment of hay fever. A sufferer for
several years from attacks of angina pectoris, he
wrote his last article, which was on that subject,
while he lay in bed with the malady. The paper
was read at a meeting of the Institute of Medi-
cine, Mar. 28,1918, and he died of the disease on
Apr. 30, a month later. In addition to more than
a hundred journal articles he wrote a textbook
on Diseases of the Chest, Throat and Nasal Cav-
ities, published in 1881, with a second and much
enlarged edition in 1892. Ingals' impatient man-
ner and querulous speech detracted much from
his value as an instructor of undergraduate stu-
dents. He was married on Sept. 5, 1876, to his
cousin, Lucy S. Ingals, daughter of Dr. Ephraim
Ingals of Chicago, who, together with four chil-
dren, survived him.

[Norman Bridge, "Ephraim Fletcher Ingals, the
Man/* in Mental Therapeutics and Other Papers
(1922); C. J. Whalen, in Trans, Am. LaryngoL Asso.,
vol. XL (1918) ; ///. Medic. Jour., May 1918; Proc,
Inst. of Med, (Chicago), vol. II (1919) ; H. A. Kelly
and W. L. Burrage, Am. Medic. Biogs. (1920) ; Charles
Burleigh, The Geneal. and Hist, of the Ingalls Family
in America (1903) ; Who's Who in America, 1918-19.]

J.M.P.

INGERSOLL, CHARLES JARED (Oct. 3,
1782-May 14, 1862), lawyer, author, congress-
man, was born in Philadelphia, Pa., the eldest
son of Jared Ingersoll, Jr. [g.z/.] and Elizabeth
(Pettit) Ingersoll. He was the brother of Jo-
seph Reed Ingersoll and the father of Edward
Ingersoll [#.#.]. He spent his early years amid
the stirring scenes of federal union, formation of
parties, and impassioned controversies between
the pro-French and anti-French groups when
Philadelphia was the nation's capital. These
conditions and the examples of his father and
grandfather naturally turned his mind toward
politics and law. In 1796 he entered Princeton,
but political debate and affairs dictated by youth-
ful exuberance prevailed over the routine and
discipline of college life and his college career
ended in its third year. He then resumed his
studies with tutors, published a poem in the
Portfolio, and wrote a tragedy, Bdwy and El-
giva, which was successfully staged at Philadel-
phia's leading theatre in April 1801. He also
found time to read law and was admitted to the
bar in 1802, when less than twenty years old,
but before attempting extensive legal practice
he traveled abroad. On Oct. 18, 1804, he was
married to Mary Wilcocks.

Ingersoll's View of the Rights and Wrongs,
Power and Policy, of the United States of Amer-
ica appeared in 1808. In this book he broke away
from the anti-French attitude prevailing among
his associates and assumed an anti-British and
anti-Federalist view of foreign relations. Soon

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