Ingersoll

as minister to France. At the end of his fourth
consecutive term in Congress he retired, at the
age of sixty-seven, and spent his remaining
years in literary activities. His four-volume his-
tory of the War of 1812 appeared under two ti-
tles : Historical Sketch of the Second War Be-
tween the United States of America, and Great
Britain (2 vols., 1845-49), and History of the
Second War. Between the United States of
America and Great Britain (2 vols., 1852). In
1861 he published his memoirs in a two-volume
work entitled Recollections. In politics as in lit-
erature he had considerable talent, but he viewed
both of these fields as avocations and never ac-
quired the mastery of technique and the per-
sistence requisite for a commanding position
either as author or as statesman. He was a man
of vivid personality, outstanding ability as a
lawyer, and fascinating gifts as an orator. His
career is mainly interesting because of his cour-
age and vigor in championing causes and groups
which were unpopular in his own social environ-
ment

[W. M. Meigs, The Life of Chas. Jared Ingersoll
(1897), is a sympathetic but not uncritical biography
with extensive quotations from sources and with ample
bibliographical data. Other sources include: Jour, of
the Convention of the State of Pa. (2 vols., 1837-38) ;
Proc. and Debates of the Convention of the Common-
wealth of Pa. (14 vols., 1837-39); L. D. Avery, A
Geneal. of the Ingersoll Family in America (1926);
Phila. Daily News, May 16, 1862; Ingersoll letters
in the library of the Pa. Hist. Soc.] W.B.

INGERSOLL, EDWARD (Apr. 2, 1817-
Feb. 19, 1893), lawyer, author, was born in
Philadelphia, Pa. He came of a family distin-
guished in American politics, being the great-
grandson of Jared Ingersoll, Loyalist, the grand-
son of Jared Ingersoll, Jr., and the son of Charles
Jared Ingersoll \.qq.v.~\. His mother was Mary
Wilcocks. He entered the University of Penn-
sylvania at the age of fourteen and was gradu-
ated with the class of 1835. I*11838 he was ad-
mitted to the practice of law, and for more than
fifty years he was a member of the Philadelphia
bar, though at no time did he engage very ac-
tively in practice. A recognized exponent of
radical democracy, he published in 1849 The
History and Law of the Writ of Habeas Corpus,
with an Essay on the Law of Grand Juries, fol-
lowed in 1862 by Personal Liberty and Martial
Law. On constitutional grounds he was sympa-
thetic with the cause of the Southern Confeder-
acy. His strong convictions caused him some
mortification, when, on Apr. 13, 1865, on ^e oc*
casion of celebrating Jefferson's birthday in
New York City, in answer to a toast, he made
a speech criticizing certain war measures of the
federal government. During the early years of

Ingersoll

the war he had been arrested for his use of "free
speech," but he had been discharged on habeas
corpus proceedings. This time he was attacked
by the Philadelphia press, and on Apr. 27, 1865,
while repulsing a mob, he was seized and im-
prisoned. The next day he was released on bail.
Subsequent to the war, he devoted himself to
literature, without, however, producing anything
of importance. In the field of law he published
The History of the Pleas of the Crown (1847),
an edition of the work of Sir Matthew Kent; An
Essay on Uses and Trusts (1855), an annotated
edition of the work of F. W. Sanders; and A
Treatise on the Law of Contracts (1857), from
the original by C. G. Addison. On June 5, 1850,
he married Anne C. Warren of Troy, N. Y.,
who bore him seven children. He died at "Fern-
hill," Germantown, Pa., in his seventy-sixth
year.

[Unto, of Pa. Biog, Cat. of the Matriculates of the
Coll. (1894); Chas. P. Keith, The Provincial Coun-
cillors of Pa. (1883) ; John A. Marshall, Am. Bastile
(1869) J L- D. Avery, A Geneal. of the Ingersoll Fam-
ily in America (1926); Public Ledger (Phila.), Feb.
21, 1893; Phila. Inquirer, Feb. 22, 1893.]

H.W.S-g-r.

INGERSOLL, JARED (i722-Aug. 25,1781),
lawyer, public official, the son of Jonathan and
Sarah (Miles) Ingersoll, was born at Milford,
Conn., and was baptized on June 3, 1722. He
was a grandson of John Ingersoll who emi-
grated to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1629.
Prepared for college at home, he entered Yale
College from which institution he secured his
bachelor's degree in 1742 and upon receiving a
Berkeley scholarship remained at his alrna mater
for an additional year, reading law. He began
practice in New Haven and before many years
was at the top of the profession in the colony of
Connecticut In 1751 he was appointed king's
attorney for the county of New Haven and in
1758 was commissioned by the Connecticut gov-
ernment to act as their London agent with the
chief responsibility of securing for the colony
reimbursement of money spent in the course of
the war then going on between England and
France. In this he was successful. During the
three years spent in London he made many
friends among whom were Benjamin Franklin,
representing the Pennsylvania legislature, and
Thomas Whately, who later became a secretary
to the Treasury in England. Upon his return to
Connecticut in 1761 he set himself to work to
exploit the resources of the white pine woods on
the upper Connecticut, having secured from the
admiralty board a contract for ship masts. In
this activity he was bitterly opposed by the Went-
worth interests of New Hampshire, which for
some time had enjoyed a virtual monopoly of the

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