Jackson

an associate justice of the supreme court of
Georgia and five years later, chief-justice, which
position he held until his death.

Jackson filled all of the offices he held credit-
ably and acceptably, but his upright character
and charming personality seem to have im-
pressed his contemporaries more than his intel-
lectual attainments. He had the faculty of mak-
ing difficult tasks seem easy because of his quiet
efficiency. Cultured, courteous, and with unu-
sual magnetism, he endeared himself to those
about him. His judicial opinions are not erudite
but are clear, well written, and convincing-; some
of them reveal a high ability. He inherited from
his mother a deeply religious temperament and
was a prominent layman in the Methodist Epis-
copal Church, South. He was twice married,
first, in 1853, to Ada Mitchell of Milledgeville,
Ga., by whom he had five children; she died in
1867, and in 1870 he married Mrs. Mary School-
field of St. Louis, Mo. His death occurred in
Atlanta.

[See Bernard Stittler, in W. J. Northen, Men of
Mark in Ga.f vol. Ill (1911); memorial in 78 Ga. Re-
ports, 807; Bipg. Dir. Am. Cong. 1774-1927 (1928);
Atlanta Constitution, Jan. 14, 1887. Jackson's opinions
as an associate and chief-justice of the supreme court
are to be found in 54-77 Ga. Reports.} 'B.'F.

JACKSON, JAMES CALEB (Mar. 28,1811-
July ii, 1895), physician, abolitionist, was born
in Manlius, Onondaga County, N. Y., whither
his father, James Jackson, a physician, son of
Col. Giles Jackson of Tyringham, Berkshire
County, Mass., had moved. The mother of James
Caleb was Mary A"nn (Elderkin) Jackson, grand-
daughter of a Connecticut Revolutionary of-
ficer, Jedidiah Elderkin. Because of impaired
health, the elder James Jackson gave up medi-
cine and retired to a farm when his son was
about twelve and at seventeen the latter entered
Manlius Academy to prepare for college. The
death of his father prevented the completion of
his academic work, however, and marrying Lu-
cretia Brewster, Sept 10, 1830, he definitely
abandoned all plans for a college education. Hav-
ing become interested in the anti-slavery move-
ment, he made the acquaintance of Gerrit Smith
[q.v.], who advised him to come to Peterboro,
N. Y. There he settled in 1838 and became an
agent of the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery So-
ciety. In the spring of 1840 he was made the
secretary of the American Anti-Slavery Society.
He assisted Nathaniel P. Rogers in editing the
National Anti-Slavery Standard (founded in
June 1840) until Oliver Johnson became editor
in June 1841. In the fall of 1840 Jackson lec-
tured in western New York. Gerrit Smith in-
vited him to edit a third-party paper and con-

Jackson

tributed considerably to its support. With Luther
Myrick, he founded the Madison County Abo-
litionist at Cazenovia, N. Y., in September 1841.
After a year this was sold by the publishers and
Jackson moved to Utica where for two years he
was editor of the Liberty Press. He then went
to Albany and purchased the Albany Patriot,
which he edited until 1846, when poor health
caused him to sell the paper to William L. Chap-
lin. In June 1847, at Macedon Lock, N. Y., he
was one of the sponsors of the Liberty League,
a fourth party, which had grown out of the Lib-
erty Party.

During the months of his illness he had been
under the care of Dr. S, 0. Gleason of Cuba, N.
Y. Long interested in medicine, Jackson soon
formed a partnership with Gleason and Theo-
dosia Gilbert. At the head of Skaneateles Lake
they opened a hygienic institute known as the
"Glen Haven Water Cure." In the winter of
1849-50 Gleason withdrew from the partnership
and in the fall of 1858 Jackson himself left Glen
Haven and moved to Dansville, N. Y. There he
opened a water cure that became famous as "Our
Home Hygienic Institute." In 1879 he turned
over the management of it to his son, Dr. James
EL Jackson. Possessing religious convictions
concerning the necessity of reform, Jackson was
unwearied in his search for conditions that
needed remedying. He was an active member
of the association for dress reform, and he fought
against what he considered the evils of rum and
tobacco. He held drug medication to be "the
popular delusion of the nineteenth century and
the curse of the age" ; hydropathy became his
favorite reform. For many years he was the
assistant editor of The Laws of Life, a periodi-
cal devoted to hydropathy and the advertisement
of "Our Home." He acquired a reputation
among his contemporaries as a popular orator
and writer. Of his half-dozen popular books on
medicine only one now has a claim to notice:
How to Treat the Sick Without Medicine
(Dansville, N. Y., 1868), an exposition of his
hypdropathic practices, briefly summarized as
" 'Tis Nature cures the sick." From 1886 to
1895 he lived in North Adams, Mass. ; his death
occurred while he was on a visit to Dansville.

[D. W. Elderkin, Geneal of tne Elderkin Family
(copr. 1888) ; W. P. and F. J. Garrison, William Lloyd
Garrison i8o5-i$?9 (4 vols., 1885-89) J J. H. Smith,
Hist, of Livingston County, N. Y. (1881) ; itfo-Dans-
wlle-1902 (n.d.) , ed. by A. 0. Bunnell ; Buffalo Courier,
July 12, 1895 ; MS. letters in Gerrit Smith Miller Col-
lection at Syracuse University.] p.

JACKSON, JOHN ADAMS (Nov. 5, 1825-
c. Aug. 30, 1879), sculptor, was born in Bath,
Me., and died in Pracchia, Italy, His parents

547