Jackson

Boxer Rebellion in China was at its height. He
was personally respected and liked by the Em-
peror and by German officials generally and he
held the confidence of the chiefs of mission tin-
der whom he served.

His loyal and efficient services in Germany
won him a commission of Oct. 13, 1902, as min-
ister to Greece, in which capacity he served un-
til 1907. During" this period he was accredited,
at various times, to Roumania, Servia, Bulgaria,
and Montenegro. He then spent two years each
as minister to Persia and Cuba, returning to
the Balkans in 1911 as minister to Roumania,
Servia, and Bulgaria. His long experience in
Europe made his early services as minister of
great value but gradually he became less suc-
cessful in maintaining the confidence of his gov-
ernment. According to custom, he submitted his
resignation with the coming of the Democratic
administration. It was accepted in August 1913,
and he left Bucharest two months later. Upon
the outbreak of the World War he volunteered
his services to the American embassy at Berlin.
On Jan. 16, 1915, he was made a special agent
of the Department of State to assist the am-
bassador in matters relating to the war. Because
of previous experience in Germany his services
proved invaluable and he was retained on the
embassy staff until its withdrawal in February
1917. Thereafter he remained in Switzerland,
where he died after a prolonged illness at the
early age of fifty-eight.

[Who's Who in America, 1920-21; U. S. Dept. of
State, Papers Relating to the Foreign Relations of the
U. S.f 1895-1913 ; N. Y. Times, Dec. ai, 1920; archives
it. of Sta

of the Dept. of State.]

as.

JACKSON, JOHN DAVIES (Dec. 12, 1834-
Dec. 8, 1875), physician, son of John and Mar-
garet (Spears) Jackson, both natives of Ken-
tucky, was born and died at Danville in that
state. After a preliminary education at Centre
College, from which he obtained the degree of
A.B. in 1854, he studied medicine for one year

* - " •« TT • .__*i__ r

Jackson

library, very rich in old books. Giving his at-
tention especially to surgery, he went repeatedly
to the East to perfect himself in various branches
of his profession, and spent some time in study
in Paris in 1872. In 1874 he published An Op-
eration Manual, translated from the French of
L. H. Farabeuf, and he contributed many clinical
papers to the Richmond and Louisville Medical
Journal, the American Journal of the Medical
Sciences, and the Transactions of the Kentucky
State Medical Society. He set forth in an amus-
ing manner some of the ethical questions con-
fronting the medical profession in two papers,
Anniversary Address before the Boyle County
(Ky.) Medical Society (1869) and The Black
Arts of Medicine (1870), which, edited by L. S.
McMurtry, were subsequently (1880) repub-
Hshed together. His papers were marked by
clarity, brevity, and a vivid, pleasant style. At
the time of his death he was first vice-president
of the American Medical Association.

Jackson's chief service outside his professional
work was in reviewing and vindicating the claim
of Ephraim McDowell [q.v.'] to recognition as
the first physician to perform ovariotomy and
thus to inaugurate abdominal surgery. He wrote
a "Biographical Sketch of Dr. Ephraim Mc-
Dowell, of Danville, Ky./' which was published
in the Richmond and Louisville Medical Journal
in November 1873; spoke constantly of Mc-
Dowell, and urged the Medical Society of Ken-
tucky appropriately to mark his grave. It was
by virtue of his efforts that the bodies of Mc-
Dowell and his wife were brought from their
neglected graves at "Travellers7 Rest," Gover-
nor Shelby's country place, and reinterred at
Danville with a suitable monument commemo-
rating McDowell's epoch-making operation of
1809 in the wilderness.

Jackson was unmarried, his whole life and
energy being devoted to his profession. He was
universally esteemed by his colleagues and pa-
tients for his kindness of heart, integrity of char-
acter, affectionate friendship, and his wide

in the medical department of the University of ____,

Louisville, going then to the medical department knowledge; and he was called in consultation

of the University of Pennsylvania at Philadel- throughout central Kentucky. His death at the

phia, where he took his doctor's degree in 1857. age of forty-one was due to tuberculosis which

'•'•*'-•- J?------ t jt-----i------j .J—«.:««. t»J« ort*-k-TT-a1oo/*Aii^A -fmrn an

He was of a reserved, modest, studious dispo-
sition and made his way slowly in practice in his
native town. During the Civil War he served
with the rank of surgeon in the Confederate
army, and upon being paroled at Appomattox
returned at once to Danville, where he estab-
lished a private dissecting room, built up a class,
and proved himself an excellent teacher. He
read extensively, learning French so as to read
Fren<& literature, and collected a fine medical

549

—o -~ —-------^
he developed during his convalescence from an
autopsy infection.
[J, M. Toner and L. S. McMurtry, sketch in Rich"
mond and Louisville Medic. Jottr., Jan. 1876, also pub-
lished separately as A Biog. Sketch of John D. Jackson,
M.D. (1876); L. S. McMurtry, Memoir of John D.
Jackson (1876 ?) ; Trans. Am. Medic. A$$o,t vol. XXIX
(1878); Some of the Medic. Pioneers of Ky. (1917),
ed. by J, N. McCormack, issued as a supplement to the
Ky. Medic. Jour, (this pamphlet contains Jackson's
sketch of McDowell and a sketch of Jackson by Mc-
Murtry); Am. Medic. Weekly, Dec. n, 1875.]