Jaquess

1848 he was chosen president of the Illinois Fe-
male College, a Methodist school at Jackson-
ville, and after a presidency of six years, he ac-
cepted a similar position at Quincy College,
Quincy, 111., a new co-educational sectarian in-
stitution.

At the outbreak of the Civil War his friend,
Gov. Richard Yates, commissioned him chap-
lain of the 6th Illinois Cavalry. His experi-
ences at Shiloh roused his military ardor, how-
ever, and determined him to drop this strictly
clerical role. Accordingly, he recruited and
commanded as colonel, the 73rd Illinois Volun-
teers, known as the "preacher's regiment," be-
cause of its numerous minister-officers. By the
summer of 1863 he persuaded himself that he
might be an instrument in bringing the war to
a peaceful conclusion. The sight of fellow Meth-
odists slaying each other depressed him. He
proposed, "no compromise with traitors—but
their immediate return to allegiance to God and
their country" (Nicolay and Hay, post, IX,
202). The intensity of his belief impressed in
turn his commanding officer, General Rosecrans,
James R. Gilmore [g.^.], and finally Abraham
Lincoln; and in the summer of 1863 he was per-
mitted on his own responsibility to enter Con-
federate territory. He reached Petersburg but
did not have the opportunity of summoning Jef-
ferson Davis to repentance in a personal inter-
view. Returning to his regiment, he fought with
distinction in the battles around Chattanooga,
In the summer of 1864, in company with Gil-
more, he went to Richmond on a more preten-
tious peace mission. They actually held a con-
ference with Jefferson Davis on July 17, and
obtained from him the statement that the South
was fighting for freedom or annihilation. Upon
his return North, Jaquess lectured on his inter-
view with Davis as part of the presidential cam-
paign of 1864. For one reason or another, he
did not return to his regiment until April 1865.
After the war, he was employed by the Freed-
men's Bureau in the South. Subsequently he
cultivated cotton, first in Arkansas and later in
northern Mississippi. In 1876 he engaged in
business pursuits which took him with increas-
ing frequency to London. He died in St. Paul,
Minn.

[J. R. Gilmore, Personal Recollections of Abraham
Lincoln and the Civil War (1898) ; A Hist, of the
Seventy-third Regiment of III. Infantry Volunteers
(1890); E. C. Kirkland, The Peacemakers of 1864
(1927) ; J. G. Nicolay and John Hay, Abraham Lin-
coln: A Hist. (1890), vol. IX; War of the Rebellion:
Official t Records (Army) ; St. Paul Globe, June 18,
1898; information as to certain facts from a great-
grand-<latighter.l E C.K

Jarratt

JARRATT, DEVEREUX (Jan. 17, 1733-
Jan. 29, 1801), Episcopal clergyman, was born
in New Kent County, Va., the son of Robert and
Sarah (Bradley) Jarratt. His grandfather Jar-
ratt was a native of London, and his grand-
mother, of Ireland. Before the death of his par-
ents he received some schooling, but later, under
the guardianship of an older brother, he spent
the most of his time in training horses for the
turf, preparing gamecocks for match and main,
and cultivating the plantation. Fond of study,
however, he educated himself sufficiently to find
employment as a teacher. While tutoring in the
family of a Mr. John Cannon he encountered
Presbyterian influences, and his mind turned
strongly to religion. Urged to become a min-
ister, when he was about twenty-five years old
he put himself under the instruction of Alexan-
der Martin [#.£>,], later governor of North Caro-
lina and United States senator, then teaching
in the home of a Cumberland gentleman. Al-
though at first prejudiced against the Estab-
lished Church because of the Presbyterian agen-
cies which had brought about his conversion,
and also because of the loose lives of the Vir-
ginia clergy, he finally decided to enter that
body. Accordingly, in October 1762 he sailed
for England where he was ordained deacon by
the Bishop of London, Dec. 25, and priest by the
Bishop of Chester on Jan. I, 1763. Returning
to Virginia, on Aug. 29, 1763, he became rector
of Bath parish, Dinwiddie County, and retained
that position until his death almost thirty-eight
years later.

In a period of formalism and decay in the
Church, he stood forth, at first almost alone, as
the apostle of vital religion. He concerned him-
self solely with spiritual things, never meddling
in politics, though he quietly encouraged the
struggle for American independence. The man-
agement of his affairs he left largely to a capable
wife, Martha, daughter of Burnell Claiborne
and Georgiana Poythress Claiborne, n&e Ra-
venscroft (G. M. Claiborne, Claiborne Pedigree.
A Genealogical Table of the Descendants of Sec-
retary William Claiborne, 1900, pp. 13, 14, 39,
40). From the beginning of his ministry, he
preached the need of repentance and a new birth,
and condemned the worldliness into which both
laity and clergy had fallen. By the latter he was
called a dissenter, Presbyterian, visionary, and
fanatic. His labors were not confined to his own
parish or to the regular services of the church
calendar. Anticipating some of the methods of
the Wesleyans, he carried on evangelistic work
in many of the counties of Virginia and also in
North Carolina, often preaching five days in the

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