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http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924092901580 



ARCH^OLOGICAL 
AND HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 



RELATING TO THE COUNTIES OF 



AYR AND WIGTON 



400 Copies printed, 
Of which this is No. \Vl^.. 



ARCH^OLOGICAL 



AND 



HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS 



RELATING TO THE COUNTIES OF 



AYR AND WIGTON 



VOL. III. 




EDINBURGH 

PRINTED FOR THE AYR AND WIGTON ARCH^OLOGICAL ASSOCIATION 

MDCCCLXXXII 



Printed by R. (s' R. Clark 

FOR 

DAVID DOUGLAS, EDINBURGH. 



AYESHIEE AND WiaTONSHIEE 
AECH^OLOGICAL ASSOCIATION. 



The EAEL of STATE, K.T., LL.D., V.P.S.A. Scot., Lord-Lieutenant 
of Ajrrsliire and Wigtonshire. 

The DUKE of PORTLAND. 

The MARQUESS of BUTE, K.T., F.S.A. Scot. 

The MAEQUESS of AILSA. 

The EAEL of EGLINTON and WINTON. 

The EAEL of GALLOWAY. 

The EAEL OF GLASGOW, F.S.A. Scot., Lord Clerk Eegister of Scotland. 

The LOED BOETHWICK. 

The Eight Hon. Sir JAMES FEEGUSSON, Baet., K.C.M.G., LL.D. 

The Eight Hon. Sir J. DALEYMPLE-HAY, M.P., C.B., D.C.L., F.E.S. 

Sir M. SHAW-STEWAET, Bart., Lord-Lieutenant of Eenfrewshire. 

Sir ANDEEW AGNEW, Bart., of Lochnaw. 

Sir WILLIAM WALLACE, Bart., of Lochryan. 

Sir WILLIAM J. MONTGOMEEY-CUNINGHAME, Bart., V.C. 

Sir HEEBEET MAXWELL, Baet., M.P., of Monreith. 

E. A OSWALD of Auchincruive. 

!^on* ^ecvztaviz^ for Si^t^^itz* 

E. W. COCHEAN-PATEICKofWoodside, M.P., LL.D., F.S.A., V.P.S.A. Scot. 
W. S. COOPEE of Failford, LL.M. Cantab., F.S.A. Scot. 

I^on* »)ecretarg for (lfll(s;ton05tre* 

The Eev. G. WILSON, Glenluce, C.M.S.A. Scot. 

%vza0nv£V^ 

C. G. SHAW, Esq., County Buildings, Ayr. 

Counci'U 

Colonel HUNTEE- WESTON of Hunterston, F.S.A. 

F. T. E. KENNEDY of Dunure. 

J. MACDONALD, LL.D., F.S.A. Scot., Ayr. 

E. MUNEO, M.D., M.A., F.S.A. Scot., Kilmarnock. 

J. SHEDDEN DOBIE of Grangevale, F.S.A. Scot., Beith. 

E. WYLIE, Castle Pen, Kilwinning. 



vi LIST OF MEMBEES. 

JLi^t of ^zmbzv0, 1882. 

AGNEW, Alexander, 1 1 Reform Street, Dundee. 
Agnew, Sir Andrew, Loclmaw, Stranraer. 
Agnew, R. Vans, of Barnbarroch, "VVigtonsliire. 
AlLSA, Marquess of, Culzean Castle, Maybole. 
AiTKEN, A., Solicitor, Stranraer. 
Alexander, Dr., Dundonald. 
Allison, E. A., Scaleby Hall, Carlisle. 
Alpine, Rev. George, B.D., Coats Manse, Coatbridge. 
Anderson, J., Cartbgale, Kilmarnock. 
Anderson, Matthew, Writer, Milligan Park, Glasgow. 
Anderson, W., 149 West George Street, Glasgow. 
. Andrews, David, Solicitor, Girvan. 

Antiquaries, Society of, Burlington House, Piccadilly, London, W. 
Armstrong, R. B., 5 Melville Street, Edinburgh. 
Arthur, J. F., C.S.I. , Lochside House, New Cumnock. 
Arthur, M., 9 Claremont Terrace, Glasgow. 
Ayr, Burgh of. 

BAILEY, J. Lambert, Banker, Ardrossan. 

Baird, Mrs., of Cambusdoon, Ayr. 

Bartlemore, J., of Bourtrees, Paisley. 

Baxter, D., Ladyburn, Kilkerran, Maybole. 

Blair, Archibald, Surgeon, Dairy, Ayrshire. 

Blair, Captain, of Blair, Dairy, Ayrshire. 

Blair, Rev. D. Oswald Hunter, O.S.B., St. Benedict's Monastery, 
Fort Augustus. 

Blackwood, J., Gillsbum, Kilmarnock. 

Borland, J., Chemist, Kilmarnock. 

Bowie, J. H., Union Bank, Coatbridge. 

Boyd, Colonel Hay, of Townend, Symington. 

Boyd, D. A, 225 West George Street, Glasgow. 

Boyle, Captain, of Shewalton, Dreghorn. 

Brisbane, C. T., of Brisbane, Largs. 

Brown, D., Banker, Maybole. 

Brown, D., Townend Cottage, Dairy. 



LIST OF MEMBEES. vii 

Brown, George, Burnside, Irvine. 
Brown, J., Orangefield, Ayr. 
Brown, J. T., Gibraltar House, Edinburgh. 
Brown, Miss, of Lanfine, Newmilns. 
Brown, Eichard, Kensal Tower, Ayr. 
Brown, Eobert, Underwood Park, Paisley. 
Browne, Eev. A., The Manse, Beith. 
Buchanan, A., Barskimming, Mauchline. 
Bute, Marquess of, Mountstuart, Eothesay. 

CAIED, James, C.B., 3 St. James' Square, London, S.W. 

Cairney, William, 11 Derby Terrace, Glasgow. 

Caldwell, James, Craigielea, Paisley. 

Campbell, Colonel Sir A., Bart., of Blythswood, Eenfrew. 

Campbell, Colonel Hamilton, of Netherplace, Mauchline. 

Campbell, E. F. F., M.P., of Craigie, Ayr. 

Campbell, Captain E. M., of Auchmannoch, Glaisnock House, 
Cumnock. 

Carfrae, Eobert, 77 George Street, Edinburgh. 

Garment, J., LL.D., 32 Albany Street, Edinburgh. 

Carruthers, David, Market Lane, Kilmarnock. 

Cathcart, Miss, of Auchendrane, Ayr. 

Challoner, K B., Eoyal Bank, Kilmarnock. 

Christie, William, Eoyal Bank, Irvine. 

CoMRiE, Alexander, Accountant, Dairy. 

Conway, Eev. D., St. John's Chapel, Port-Glasgow. 

Cooper, W. S., of Failford, Tarbolton. 

Copland, J., Public School, Kilwinning. 

Copland, James, General Eegister House, Edinburgh. 

Cowan, Hugh, St. Leonards, Ayr. 

Craig, James, Deanmount, Kilmarnock. 

Craig, William, Braehead, Lochwinnoch. 

Craufurd, E. H. J., of Auchenames, West Kilbride. 

Crawfurd, T. Macknight, of Cartsburn, Lauriston Castle, Edinburgh. 

Crichton, Major E. 0., of Linn, Dairy. 

Crichton, Sheriff, 13 Nelson Street, Edinburgh. 

Crum, a, M.P., of Thornliebank, Glasgow. 

Cuninghamb, John, Ironmaster, St. Vincent Street, Glasgow. 



viii LIST OF MEMBERS. 

CUNINGHAME, Sir W. J. M., Bart., V.C., of Corsehill, Glenmoor 
House, Maybole. 

CUNINGHAME, W. 0. S., of Caprington, Kilmarnock. ' 

CURRIE, Dr., Hydropathic Establishment, Skelmorlie. 

DALEYMPLE, C, M.P., Ardencraig, Eothesay. 
Dalrymple, 0. E., 12 Clifton Gardens, Folkestone. 
Dalrymple, Hon. Hew, Lochinch, Castle Kennedy, Stranraer. 
Dice, J. T., 38 Sandgate, Ayr. 
Dickie, Hugh, Eector, Academy, Kilmarnock. 
Dickie, J., Town-Clerk, Irvine. 
. Dickie, James, 18 George Square, Glasgow. 
Dickie, James, London Eoad, Kilmarnock. 
Dickson, T., General Eegister House, Edinburgh. 
Dobbie, Eobert, M.D., 3 Wellington Square, Ayr. 
DoBiB, J. Shedden, F.S.A. Scot., Morishill, Beith. 
Donald, Alexander, Teacher, Muirkirk. 
Douglas, David, 9 South Castle Street, Edinburgh. 
Douglas, J., MD., Whithorn, Wigtonshire. 
Drew, J., DoonhUl, Newton-Stewart. 
DuNLOP, Alexander, of Doonside, Priory Lodge, Largs. 
DUNLOP, David, Solicitor, Ayr. 
DuNLOP, W. H., of Annanhill, Kilmarnock. 
DuNLOP, W. H., Solicitor, Ayr. 

EASTON, Eobert, C.A., 115 Buchanan Street, Glasgow. 
Eglinton and Winton, Earl of, Eglinton Castle, Irvine. 
Elder, George, Knock Castle, Largs. 
Evans, John, D.C.L., Nash Mills, Hemel Hempstead. 

FAULDS, A. Wilson, Knockbuckle, Beith. 

Ferguson, W., of Kinmundy, 21 Manor Place, Edinburgh. 

Fergusson, Eight Honourable Sir James, K.C.M.G., of Kilkerran, 

Maybole. 

Fergusson, James M., Observer Office, Ayr. 
Finlay, John, Greenfield, AUoway, Ajt. 
FiNNlE, A., of Springhill, Kilmarnock. 



LIST OF MEMBERS. ix 

Fleming, James, 83 Jamaica Street, Glasgow. 

Flint, John, 2 Montgomerie Terrace, Ayr. 

Foster, W. K., 45 Leinster Gardens, Hyde Park, London, W. 

Franks, Augustus W., British Museum, London. 

Fraser, W., W.S., Deputy Keeper of the Records, 32 Castle Street, 
Edinburgh. 

GAIRDNER, E., Thorntoun, Kilmarnock. 

Gairdner, William, Dalblair House, Ayr. 

Galloway, Earl of, Galloway House, Wigtonshire. 

Gardner, Alexander, Publisher, Paisley. 

Gardner, William, Shawl Manufacturer, Paisley. 

Geddes, G. H., 8 Douglas Crescent, Edinburgh. 

Gemmell, Thomas, Banker, Ayr. 

Gemmell, William, 150 Hope Street, Glasgow. 

Gilchrist, M., care of Miss Gilchrist, Grosvenor Gallery Library, 
New Bond Street, London, N.W. 

GiLMOUR, A., Solicitor, Irvine. 

GmvAisr, J. Graham, 186 West George Street, Glasgow. 

Glasgow and Galloway, Bishop of, Ayr. 

Glasgow, Earl of, Crawford Priory, Cupar-Fife. 

Glasgow, R. B., of Montgreenan, Kilwinning. 

GOUDIE, Ex-Provost, Ayr. 

Graham, J., of Broadstone, Stranraer. 

Graham, T. D. C, of Dunlop, Dunlop. 

Grant, Rev. Alexander T., Rosslyn, Edinburgh. 

Gray, G., Clerk of the Peace, Glasgow. 

Greg, R. P., Coles Park, Buntingford, Herts. 

Greenwell, Rev. Canon, Durham. 

Greig, T. C, Rephad, Stranraer. 

HAMILTON, Alexander, Solicitor, Irvine. 
Hamilton, Captain, of Pinmore, Girvan. 
Hamilton, George, Ardendee, Kirkcudbright. 
Hamilton, H. M., 10 King's Bench Walk, Temple, London. 
Hamilton, J., Town-Clerk, Kilmarnock. 
Hamilton, J. G., 38 Portland Street, Kilmarnock. 
Hamilton, John, of Sundrum, Ayr. 

h 



LIST OF MEMBERS. 

Hamilton, Mrs. H., 3 Lansdowne Terrace, Cheltenham. 

Hannah, A., Caimsmore, Bellahouston, Govan. 

Hay, Eight Hon. Sir John Dalrymple, of Park, Wigtonshire. 

Hendrie, James, Meadowbank, Kilwinning. 

Horne, Eobert E., 150 Hope Street, Glasgow. 

Howatson, Charles, of Glenbuck, by Lanark. 

HowATSON, George S., Eglinton Ironworks, Kilwinning. 

Hunter, Andrew, Ayr. 

Hunter, David, Sea Tower, Ayr. 

Hunter, E. A., Adamton, Monkton. 

Hunter, John, Burnfoot, by Ayr. 

Hunter, Mrs., Clifford Lodge, Largs. 

IRVINE, Burgh of. 

JOHNSTON, D., 160 West George Street, Glasgow. 

Johnston, T. B., Geographer to the Queen, 9 Claremont Crescent, 

Edinburgh. 
Jonas, A. C, 21 Trafalgar Terrace, Swansea. 

KAY, E. M., Clydesdale Bank, Ayr. 

Keith, Eev. W. A., Burham Vicarage, Eochester. 

Kennedy, Captain Clark, of Knockgray, Henbury, Wimbourne, 

Dorset. 
Kennedy, F. T. E., of Dunure, Ayr. 
Kennedy, James, 25 Greendyke Street, Glasgow. 
Kennedy, J., of Underwood, 71 Great King Street, Edinburgh. 
Kennedy, J., yr. of Underwood, 71 Great King Street, Edinburgh. 
EIennedy, Thomas, Glenfield, Kilmarnock. 
Kerr, W., Nethergate House, Dundee. 
KiLPATRiCK, William, Solicitor, Ayr. 
King, H. B., Commercial Bank, Kilwinning. 
King, Walter, Paisley. 
KiRKHOPE, Thomas, Writer, Ardrossaii. 
Knox, E. W., of Moor Park, Kilbirnie. 

LAING, Alexander, LL.D., Newburgh-on-Tay. 
Lamb, J. B., Architect, Paisley. 
Landsborough, Eev. D., Kilmarnock. 



LIST OF MEMBERS. 

Leck, Henry, of HoUybush, Ayr. 

Livingston, Rev. N., F.C. Manse, Coylton, Ayr. 

LOCKHART, John, Sheriff-Olerk Depute, Ayr. 

London Library, 12 St James' Square, London, S.W. 

Lyon, D. Murray, Secretary to Grand Lodge of Scotland, Free- 
masons' Hall, Edinburgh. 

M'ALISTER, J., Surgeon, Kilmarnock. 

M'Call, James, 6 St. John's Terrace, Hillhead, Glasgow. 

M'Callum, Robert, Town Chamberlain, Ayr. 

M'Chlery, William, Balminnoch, Kirkcowan. 

M'Clelland, a. S., 115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow. 

M'Connachie, J. A., C.E., 12 Victoria Road, Kensington, London, W. 

M'Connel, William, of Knockdolian, Girvan. 

M'COSH, James M., Solicitor, Dairy. 

M'Ckone, James, 25 Stockwell Street, Glasgow. 

M'CUBBIN, A., Solicitor, Ayr. 

M'Cubbin, W. F., 6 AUoway Place, Ayr. 

M'CuLLOCH, Thomas, Founder, Kilmarnock. 

M'Culloch, David, Beech Grove, Kilmarnock. 

M'Derment, J. I., C.E., Ayr. 

M'Gibbon, D., 89 George Street, Edinburgh. 

M'Gibbon, William, Draper, Stranraer. 

M'Grigor, Dr. A. B., 19 Woodside Terrace, Glasgow. 

M'Kenzie, J. W., 16 Royal Circus, Edinburgh. 

M'Kerlie, p. H., 26 Pembridge Villas, Bayswater, London, W. 

M'Kerbell, R. M., Junior Carlton Club, London. 

M'KiE, J., Publisher, Kilmarnock. 

M'Micking, Gilbert, 55 Princes Gate, London, S.W. 

M'RoBERTS, George, Stevenston. 

M'Vail, Dr., Kilmarnock. 

Macarthur, Lady, 27 Princes Gardens, London, S.W. 

Macdonald, a. G., The Crescent, Ardrossan. 

Macdonald, J., LL.D., The Academy, Ayr. 

Macdonald, James, junior, 14 Wellington Square, Ayr. 

Macdouall, James, of Logan, Stranraer. 

Macdowall, Henry, younger of Garthland, Lochwinnoch. 

Macfarlane, Dr., Kilmarnock. 



XI 



xii LIST OF MEMBERS. 

Macgregor, p. Comyn, of Brediland, Paisley. 

Mack, Anthony, The Crescent, Ardrossan. 

Mackay, Professor, 7 Albyn Place, Edinburgh. 

Mackean, J. A., Maryfield, Paisley. 

Mackenzie, Alexander, 7 Gilmour Street, Paisley. 

Mackie, Daniel, of Knookgerran, Girvan. 

Mackie, Robert, Loudoun Cottage, Galston. 

MACKINNON, William, 115 St. Vincent Street, Glasgow. 

Macleod, Rev. W., 5 Thirlestane Road,Whitehouse Loan, Edinburgh. 

Magrorie, William, Solicitor, Ayr. 

Masson, G., Oakshawside, Paisley. 

Matthews, Rev. G. D., D.D., Quebec. 

Maxwell, Mrs., of Carruchan, Dumfries. 

Maxwell, Sir Herbert, M.P., of Monreith, Garlieston. 

Menteth, Lady Stuart, of Mansfield, New Cumnock. 

Merger, John, C.E., Ayr. 

Middlemas, W., Town-Clerk's Ofiice, Kilmarnock. 

Miller, Robert, Alloway Cottage, Ayr. 

Milroy, Dr. A., Kilwinning. 

Mitchell, Dr. A., 34 Driimmond Place, Edinburgh. 

Mitchell, J. 0., 69 East Howard Street, Glasgow. 

Mitchell Library, Ingram Street, Glasgow. 

Montgomerie, J. C, Dalmore, Stair. 

Moore, J. Carrick, of Corsewall, Stranraer. 

Morris, James A., A.R.I., B.A., 46 Newmarket Street, Ayr. 

Munro, Dr. R., Kilmarnock. 

Murdoch, George W., Glasgow Neivs Office, Hope Street, Glasgow. 

Murdoch, J., Architect, Ayr. 

Murdoch, R. D., County Buildings, Ayr. 

Murray, David, 169 West George Street, Glasgow. 

Murray, William, Barns Park, Ayr. 

Museum of Science and Art, Edinburgh 

Mutter, W., of Meiklelaught, Ardrossan. 

NORTHESK, Earl of, Longwood, Winchester. 

OSWALD, R. A., of Auchencruive, Ayr. 
Oliver, Rev. J., Belhaven, Dunbar. 



LIST OF MEMBERS. xiii 

PAEK, Eichard, Architect, Ne-wton-Stewart. 

Paklane, James, Eusholme, Manchester. 

Paterson, John, of Knowehead, Irvine. 

Pateeson, Sheriff Orr, Ayr. 

Paton, James B., Merchant, Ayr. 

Paton, Eobert, Gartferry, Ayr. 

Paton, Theophilus, of Swinlees, Dairy. 

Paton, William, of Hillend, Dairy. 

Patrick, Miss Cochran, Ladyland, Beith. 

Patrick, E. W. Cochran, M.P., of Woodside, Beith. 

Patrick, W. Ealston, of Trearne, Beith. 

Philp, Eev. George, Saltcoats. 

Picken, James, Hillhouse Lodge, Fenwick. 

Pollock, J., Victoria Works, Beith. 

Pollock, John, Town-Clerk, Ayr. 

Pollock, William, Solicitor, Ayr. 

Pollok, E. M,, of Middleton, Ayr. 

PoLLOK-MoRRiS, A., of Craig, Kilmarnock. 

Porteous, J. S., Oakbank, Maybole. 

Portland, Duke of, per J. H. Turner, The Dean, Kilmarnock. 

EAFF, James, 14 Wellington Square, Ayr. 

Eamsay, Dr., Lochwinnoch. 

Eamsay, E., Greendyke Street, Glasgow. 

Eeid, Charles, Lily Mount, Kilmarnock. 

Eeid, H. G., Stationery Office, London. 

Eeid, William, junior, Chapelhill, Paisley. 

Eennie, Thomas, Banker, Maybole. 

EOBERTSON, Eev. W. B., Irvine. 

EoSE, James, 11 Langlands Street, Kilmarnock. 

Eoss, Alexander M., Town-Chamberlain, Paisley. 

EoWAT, William, Eosehill Cottage, Paisley. 

EUSSELL, William D., of Maulside, Dairy, Ayrshire. 

SCOTT, John, Hawkhill, Largs. 

Shaw, Charles G., Ayr. 

Shaw, W. F., 39 Stockwell Street, Glasgow. 



xiv LIST OF MEMBERS. 

Small, J. W., Architect, George Street, Edinburgh. 

Smith, John, Manager, Eglinton Ironworks, Kilwinning. 

Somervell, James, of Som, Mauchline. 

Stair, Earl of, Lochinch, Castle Kennedy, Stranraer. 

Steele, Provost, Ayr. 

Stephen, WiUiam, 31 Sandgate, Ayr. 

Stevenson, Allan, Architect, Ayr. 

Stevenson, William, Witch Road, Kilmarnock. 

Stewart, H. Murray, Cally, Gatehouse. 

Stewart, J., M.P., of Garvocks, Largs. 

Stewart, J., Heathfield, Irvine. 

Stewart, J. Leveson D., Glenogil, Forfarshire. 

Stewart, M. J., South wick, Stranraer. 

Stewart, Sir M. Shaw, of Ardgowan, Greenock. 

Stirrat, James, Solicitor, Dairy. 

Stoddart, James H., Glasgoiv Herald OflEice, Glasgow. 

Stoddart, R. R., Lyon Clerk-Depute, Edinburgh. 

Sturrock, J., junior. Solicitor, Kilmarnock. 

Sturrock, Provost, Kilmarnock 

Symington, G., Banker, Glenluce. 

TAYLOR, William, London Road, Kilmarnock. 

Thomson, R., Crookedholm, Kilmarnock. 

Thomson, Rev. J. H., F.C. Manse, Hightree, Lockerbie. 

Todd, Hugh, Solicitor, Stranraer. 

TuRNBULL, Andrew, Town-Chamberlain, Kilmarnock. 

Turner, F. J., The Dean, Kilmarnock. 

URQUHART, Rev. A., Free Church Manse, Portpatrick. 

VERNON, Hon. G. R., Auchans, Dundonald. 

Vivian, A. P., M.P., Glendorgal, St. Colomb Minor, Cornwall. 

WALES, James, Buckstone, Rawdon, Yorkshire. 
Walker, J., 74 Bath Street, Glasgow. 
Wallace, Charles, Dally, Kirkcolm, Stranraer. 
Wallace, Sir William, of Lochryan, Stranraer. 



LIST OF MEMBERS. xv 

Waek, Andrew, Bartholomew House, London, E.G. 

Waerack, Eev. Alexander, Free Church Manse, Leswalt, Stranraer. 

Watson, J., Wallace Bank, Kilmarnock. 

Weir, William, of Kildonan, Portland Ironworks, Kilmarnock. 

Weston, Col. Hunter, 22 Thurloe Square, South Kensington, 
London. 

Wilson, Rev. G., Free Church Manse, Glenluce, Wigtonshire. 

Wilson, R. Dobie, 15 Green Street, Grosvenor Square, London, W. 

Wood, James, Portland Villa, Troon. 

Wright, Hugh, of Alticry, Port- William. 

Wylie, R., Kilwinning. 

Wylie, Rev. W. H., 5 Glenan Gardens, Helensburgh. 

YOUNG, David, Town-Clerk, Paisley. 



PREFACE. 



»♦« 



In the present volume the account of the explorations made by the Society, 
with the liberal assistance of the Eael of Eglinton, the Earl of State, 
and Sir James Feegusson of Kilkerran, into the Lake Dwellings and Early 
Habitations of Ayrshire and Wigtonshire, has been continued. The thanks 
of the Society are very specially due to Dr. Muneo and the Rev. G. 
Wilson for their trouble in recording the interesting results, and to 
Professor Cleland for his Notices of the animal remains found in them. 

A careful catalogue of the Stone Implements of Ayrshire has been 
commenced and will be continued by Dr. Macdonald, and it is very 
desirable that every known specimen of stone or bronze objects found in 
Ayrshire should be communicated to him in order that the catalogues of 
these relies may be as complete as possible. 

The Society is also indebted to Sir Heebeet Maxwell of Monreith, 
M.P., for the beautiful plate and blazon of the arms of the Earl of 
Galloway; to Mr. James Hamilton, Town -Clerk of Kilmarnock, for the 
plate and note of the Kilmarnock Funeral Bell ; to Mr. John Pollock, 
Beith, for the plate of the curious Early Woodwork at Rowallan Castle ; 
and to the Rev. Mr. Conway for his able paper on the Holy Wells of 
Wigtonshire. 

The thanks of the Society are also due to Mr. Cooper of Failford for 
editing the Boyd Papers, and to the late Duke op Poetland for the 
plates of the Dean. 



CONTENTS. 






I. Ayrshire Crannogs (Second Notice). By E. Munro, M.D., M.A., F.S.A. Scot. 

1 . Notice of the Excavation of a Crannog at Loclispouts, near Kilkerran . 1 

2. Notice of the Excavation of a Crannog at Buston, near Kilmaurs . 19 

II. Notice of a Crannog at Barhapple Loch, Glenluce, Wigtownshire. By 

Rev. George Wilson, C.M.S.A. Scot., F. C. Manse, Glenluce . . 52 

III. Notice of Excavations made on an Ancient "Fort" at Seamill, 

Ayrshire. By R. Munro, M.D., M.A., F.S.A. Scot. . . .59 

IV. Illustrated Notices of the Ancient Stone Implements of Ayrshire 

(First Series). By James Macdonald, LL.D., M.A., F.S.A. Scot. . . 66 

V. Kilmarnock Funeral Bell. By James Hamilton, Town-Clerk, Kilmarnock 82 

VI. The Heraldry of Wigtonshire (No. IV.) By Sir Herbert Maxwell, Bart., 

of Monreith, M.P. . . . . . . .83 

VII. Woodwork at Rowallan Castle. By John Pollock, Victoria Works, Beith 84 

VIII. Holy Wells of Wigtonshire. By Rev. Daniel Conway, St. John's Chapel, 

Port-Glasgow . . . . . . . .85 

IX. Early Christian Remains in Ayrshire. By William Galloway, Architect . 99 

X. The Boyd Papers . . . . . . . .110 

Architectural Description of Dean Castle, the ancient seat of the 
Boyds. By William Galloway, Architect. 



I. 

AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 

(SECOND NOTICE.) 

L— NOTICE OF THE EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOG AT 
LOCHSPOUTS, NBAE KILKERRAN. 

Situation of Crannog. — 'Lochspouts is situated about three miles to the 
south-west of Maybole, in the parish of Kirkoswald, and on the property 
of the Right Honourable Sir James Fergusson, of Kilkerran, Bart., 
K.C.M.G., LL.D. It is a small lake basin, somewhat oval in shape, and 
ensconced at the base of hilly ground, which encompasses it, except 
towards the north, where a narrow trap dike runs across and cuts it off 
from the open valley beyond. It is thus a natural dam, formed in the 
face of a declivity which, beyond the trap ridge, still continues to slope 
rapidly downwards for a few hundred yards. No outlet could therefore 
at any time exist, except along this barrier, and an inspection of its 
present condition reveals several deep gashes, through which at one time 
the surplus water made its escape. Indeed, some of the oldest in- 
habitants state that the name " Lochspouts " was given to it because, in 
former times, during heavy floods, its water spouted across this ridge at 
diff'erent points. The truth of this traditional report is not only consistent 
with the physical and geological features of the locality, but supplies a 
good illustration of the natural process by which running streams are 
occasionally known to cut out new channels, and ultimately abandon 
their former beds altogether. Owing to the large amount of silt washed 
into this basin, and the gradual lowering of its outlet by the frictional 
erosion of the surplus water, the area of the lake must also have been 
gradually diminished, so that it -is difficult to estimate its original size. 
Immediately prior, however, to human interference with the rocky barrier. 



2 AYESHIRE CEANNOGS. 

it would not be more than eight acres. This singular, and, when sur- 
rounded by primeval forests, secluded little lake, was selected by the 
ancient crannog - builders as a suitable site for building one of their 
characteristic island dwellings, the remains of which have only been 
recently discovered. The starting-point of the investigations now about to 
be recorded was the following letter : — 

Inland Eevenue Office, 

„ , ^. , ^-r ,, Gaufbelton, 8th October 1879. 

To the Eight Honourable 

Sir James Fergusson, Bart. 

Sir — Would you permit me, a perfect stranger, to bring under your notice the circum- 
stance that at Lochspoots, on your estate, there are the remains of an ancient lake-dwelling, 
which do not appear to have been ever examined. 

Lochspoots was formerly of some depth, but within the lifetime of old people the lip 
of rock which forms its lower rim was cut with the view of utilising the water of the lake 
for the purposes of a walkmill. This operation probably reduced the level about ten feet, 
and must have brought the bottom of the shallower parts to the surface. 

When on a visit a few years ago to my brother, who is tenant of this farm, I noticed 
a mound which I suspected to be the site of an old lake-dwelling, and on digging into it 
my suspicion was confirmed. My exploration was of the most limited kind ; still I found a 
bronze armlet— the metal almost all oxidised — two sling stones, and two pieces' of colouring 
matter, the one red and the other black. I also ascertained that in cutting a drain a canoe 
had been dug out of the moss and clay ; and on making further inquiry I found it in 
possession of the previous tenant. I did not measure it, but it appeared small, and to 
agree with the published accounts of the ruder forms of the canoes found in the Clyde beds. 

As the mound rises above the level of the water it could be partially examined without 
much labour or expense ; but as the lake water soon finds its way into holes of any depth, 
no proper or systematic examination could be made without cutting deeper into the ledge 
of rock that forms the embankment. The rock has already been cut to a depth of twelve 
or fifteen feet, and a few feet more would probably reduce the level below the upper 
surface of the virgin clay. Fortunately none of the streams that drain into the lake are 
near the spot, and consequently only a thin covering of lacustrine clay has been deposited 
over the debris. — I most respectfully remain, sir, your most obedient and humble servant, 

James Macfadzean. 

Sir James Fergusson at once forwarded this interesting letter to E. W. 
Cochran-Patrick, Esq., LL.D., F.S.A., Secretary to the Ayrshire and Wigton- 
shire Archaeological Association, with a note requesting him to visit and 
examine the locality here referred to at his convenience. From letters now 
before me I find that this preliminary examination of the crannog took place 
on the 10th of the following November, the result of which was shortly after- 
wards communicated to me just at the same time that I had received for 
final revision the proof sheets of the first article on the Ayrshire Crannogs, 



EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOG AT LOCHSPOUTS. 3 

and so I took the opportunity of recording the discovery by appending a 
footnote embracing Mr. Cochran-Patrick's observations. See page 23 of the 
Second Volume of the Collections of this Society. 

The time of the year being unsuitable for making an examination of the 
crannog, owing to the wetness of the locality, it was agreed to postpone 
further explorations till the following summer. 

Meantime the appointment of Sir James Fergusson as Governor of 
Bombay, and the subsequent return of Mr. Cochran -Patrick as M.P. for 
North Ayrshire, entirely precluded both these gentlemen from giving their 
personal attention to the proposed investigations, in which they were so 
highly interested ; and hence the carrying out of them, when a favourable 
opportunity should occur, was entrusted to me. 

Investigations. — It was not till the 28th June 1880, that the weather 
permitted the work of excavating the mound to be begun, which, however, 
was then continued regularly during the greater part of the month of July, 
under the most favourable circumstances. A long course of dry weather 
made the ground exceptionally suitable for digging ; the workmen, with the 
intelligent forester, Mr. Hopson, at their head, were skilful and thoroughly 
interested in the investigations ; and as to the general management, not 
only had we the benefit of the able and obliging assistance of Mr. Baxter, 
factor on the Kilkerran estate, but also the occasional presence and advice 
of several members of the Council of this Society, among whom were E. W. 
Cochran-Patrick, Esq., M.P., Sir W. J. M. Cuninghame, Bart., of Corsehdl, 
Colonel Hunter -Weston of Hunterston, J. H. Stoddart, Esq., Glasgow 
Herald, etc. I have specially to mention Dr. Macdonald, Eector of the 
Ayr Academy, who for several days took the entire supervision of the works 
and finds. It wUl be thus seen that the materials of this report are the 
joint contributions of various hands and various minds, so that the indivi- 
duality which the writing of it confers upon me must be largely discounted. 

Upon my first visit to Lochspouts I was struck with the smallness of 
its dimensions ; its superficies, according to measurements kindly made by 
Mr. Brown, clerk to Mr. Baxter, being only two acres. Its margin, and, 
indeed, its whole area, were thickly covered with long grasses and rushes. 
On its north side, near the middle portion of the rocky ridge and a little 
to the west of the outlet, lay the remains of the crannog, a low circular 
mound overgrown with coarse grass, and so close to the present margin 
of the lake that it formed a peninsula easily approached by terra Jirma. 



4 AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 

I understand, however, that when Mr. Cochran -Patrick visited it in 
the previous October, the neck of land, now dry, was so soft and boggy 
that it was with difficulty he got across to the mound. 

These observations will be more clearly comprehended by a reference 
to the accompanying sketch, taken by a young artist, Mr. J. Lawson, when 
the explorations were nearly completed. The view is looking northwards. 
In the foreground are the marshy loch and crannog (the overlying mound 
being now nearly cleared away), then the rocky ridge extending right 
and left, behind which is the open valley, with the hill Culdoon and 
monument to the late Sir Charles Dalrymple Fergusson in the distance. 
Along this ridge are seen several hollows, which are supposed to have been 
formerly outlets ; the original or primary one being at the extreme right, 
while about the middle, and almost in a line with the crannog, is the 
artificial cutting which forms the present outlet. 

Previous to my visit there were no piles detected on the mound, but 
after a considerable amoimt of searching the tops of one or two were 
observed on its east side, at the bottom of a sluggish channel kept open 
by the surplus water making its way to the outlet. Guided by these 
indications and a few trials with the spade, the tops of others were exposed, 
so that in a short time half the circle was thus traced. After due 
deliberation, in consultation with Mr. Baxter, who, on behalf of the 
proprietor, supplied the men and the labouring materials, it was agreed that 
the only exploration that could then be made, without further cutting 
of the rock (an undertaking which would involve a large amount of 
expense), was to clear away the entire mound down to the level of the 
water. Accordingly, the men were directed to make a broad trench, 
running east and west, the stuff from which was to be removed in layers, 
so as to localise, as far as possible, any remains that might be found. 
When this was finished another similar trench was made at right angles 
to the former, after which the four remaining angular portions were 
removed. In the course of these excavations the following facts regarding 
the structure and surroundings of the crannog were ascertained : — 

1. Log Pavement. — About 5 feet deep (measuring from centre of 
mound), and only a few inches above the level of surrounding water, there 
was exposed a rude, imperfect, and irregularly -shaped wooden pavement, 
formed of flattened oak beams. It covered only the central portion of 



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EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT LOCHSPOUTS. 5 

the area contained within the circle of piles, the rest of which was laid 
with branches and stems of trees. Near the surrounding piles, on the east 
side, a more carefully constructed arrangement of this woodwork was 
noticed, consisting of slanting stakes and horizontal beams of various sizes, 
forming a sort of reticulated and firm flooring, which sloped slightly down- 
wards towards the piles. A similar disposition of the marginal woodwork 
was noticed elsewhere, especially on the north-west side, in a line with the 
gangway to be afterwards described ; but on the lake side of the crannog 
the exact mode of its structure was not practically exposed to view, owing 
to its shelving below the water, but the prestimption is that it was pretty 
much the same all round. On digging beneath this log pavement large 
beams and brushwood were generally encountered, but the voluminous 
gushing up of water prevented reliable observations from being made 
regarding these deeper structures. Occasionally ashes and charcoal were 
turned up, and in one spot, near the centre, and under my own inspection, 
the men succeeded in digging downwards more than 2 feet below the 
log pavement before the water oozed up, in the course of which nothing 
was turned out but pure ashes, bits of charcoal, and large quantities of 
the shells of limpets and common wilks. At the bottom of this hole 
were solid oak beams, apparently flattened ; but no sooner were their 
surfaces exposed than the water rushed in and filled the trench. This 
gave rise to the conjecture that this under -stratum of human remains 
represented another, and of course an older, period of occupancy, which 
also derived some support from the fact that the surface of the log 
pavement was on a higher level than the tops of the encircling piles. 
It occurred to me, however, that it was a prepared cavity, and originally 
intended for the purpose for which it was evidently used, viz. an ashpit, 
and hence, from want of corroborative evidence, the conjecture that the 
log pavement is a secondary one, and superimposed on the debris of a 
former dwelling, must for the present remain sub judice. Although portions 
of mortised beams were in several instances met with, there were no 
remains found of a circle of stockades having transverse beams, and raised 
above the log flooring, as was the case at the Lochlee crannog. Had such 
a structure existed, it would have been removed in all likelihood when 
the lake was lowered, as the whole woodwork would have been exposed 
to view. The diameter of the crannog, i.e. of the circular area enclosed 
within the submerged piles, was about 95 feet. No further attempt was 



6 AYESHIEE CEANNOGS. 

made to examine the marginal structure of the island owing to its 
submerged condition; but the probability is, judging from analogy and 
the certainty of one circle of piles, that an outer circle exists, with which 
the former is connected by the usual type of mortised beams. 

2. Hearths. — Above the log pavement, and a few yards apart from 
each other, were three circular hearths, each about 5 feet in diameter, 
formed of flat stones embedded in a bed of yellow clay, and raised on a 
sort of pedestal of clay and stones, which varied in thickness from 1 to 
Ij foot. One of them, on being demolished, was found to have been built 
directly over a former stony hearth, with an interval of about a foot. 
The stuff immediately surrounding them consisted of alternate layers of 
clay and ashes ; and from the number of such layers, indicating collectively 
a considerable thickness- — in one place over 3 feet — it appeared to me that 
the position of these hearths could not be taken as a criterion of the length 
of occupancy in the same way as the superimposed series at Lochlee, 
inasmuch as abundant evidence of the remains of fires was found where 
no neatly constructed hearth was observed. As will be seen from a glance 
at the sketch at page 4, they were all situated near the centre of the 
crannog, but on its southern half, i.e. the semicircle farthest from the shore. 

3. Gangway. — On making a few trial trenches in the space directly 
between the shore and the crannog in search of a gangway, we could 
find no indications of woodwork. One day, however, my attention was 
directed to a portion of the log pavement which looked like a wooden 
roadway projecting to the margin of the island, and pointing in a north- 
western direction, towards a prominence in the trap ridge. Observing, also, 
that before the lake was lowered this prominence would be the nearest land 
to the crannog, it immediately struck me that if there was a gangway at 
all it would be found along this line. Hypothesis was right this time. 
The adhesive nature of the lake sediment prevented the water from oozino- 
up so quickly as it did on the crannog, so that we were enabled to expose 
the woodwork several feet below the level of the lake. Close to the 
crannog the upper beams of the gangway were about 3 feet below the 
surface of the grass, and fully more below that of the log pavement ; but 
as we neared the shore with the digging they became less buried, and 
some of the uprights were found even projecting above the ground. 

The general plan on which this gangway was constructed appeared to 
be identical with that adopted by the crannog-builders of Lochlee. Upright 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT LOCHSPOUTS. 7 

piles, singly and in groups, were placed in a zigzag fashion, between which 
the horizontal beams stretched, fan-like, and so formed a sort of lattice- 
work, with empty lozenge -shaped spaces between. From one of these 
holes or meshes, some 5 feet below the surface of the ground, a fine granite 
quern stone was extracted. The piles projected some 2 feet or more above 
the body of the gangway, but there was no appearance of the remains of 
a platform. The depth of the lower portion of the gangway could not be 
reached. It would thus appear that at least the transverse beams of the 
gangway were originally under water — a remark equally applicable to that 
at Lochlee ; and it is highly probable that the primary purpose of this 
so-called gangway was to supply, on emergencies, a means of secret access 
to the crannog. 

4. Composition of Mound. — The surface of the mound was composed of 
coarse grass, having tough matted roots spreading in a thin layer of soil, 
which overlay about a foot and a half of stones and rubbish, in which no 
relics were found. Below this the materials were of a very variable 
character; sometimes vegetable mould, stems of grasses jointed like straw, 
and beds of heather and moss, which could readily be separated into layers ; 
and at other times heaps of ashes and charcoal mixed with quantities of the 
shells of wilks, limpets, and hazel nuts. Intermingled with this heterogeneous 
mass were large and small stones, broken bones, portions of deer horns, and 
the relics to be afterwards described. Though one or two ashpits, mostly 
composed of fine ashes, sea-shells, and broken hazel nuts, were distinctly 
discernible in the vicinity of the fireplaces, no regular refuse heap was met 
with ; and the broken bones and horns seemed to be dispersed over the 
general area of the crannog. 

5. Subsidence of Crannog. — In discussing the question regarding the 
Lochlee crannog I had to contend with an element of very great uncertainty, 
viz. the impossibility of ascertaining how much of the apparent sinking of 
the crannog was due to the rising of the level of the lake in consequence of 
the filling up of the bed of the outlet. This doubtful element is, however, 
entirely eliminated from the problem as it is presented to us at Lochspouts. 
Whatever alterations may have taken place in the position of the outlet, 
one thing is certain, that the tendency could never be to raise the level of 
the lake. Hence, if we can fix on the position of the natural outlet when 
the artificial cutting was made, the minimum amount of subsidence of the 
crannog resolves itself into simply measuring the height of this point above 



8 AYESHIRE CRANNOGS. 

the present surface of the log pavement. I use the word minimum, because, 
to determine the actual amount, two other elements have to be con- 
sidered, both of which tend to magnify the amount of subsidence, viz. (1) 
How much the surface of the crannog was originally above water ; and (2) 
The amount of lowering of the lake, due to frictional erosion of the water at 
the outlet, during the interval between the founding of the crannog and the 
date of the artificial cutting of the rock. For the present I entirely exclude 
both these elements ; so that the solution of the problem depends on the 
practicability of ascertaining the height of the lowest natural outlet above 
the level of the log pavement. I believe the primary outlet was at the 
extreme east end of the barrier, where it disappears into the hillside. Here 
is to be seen a large deep opening, naturally scooped out of the rock ; the 
lowest portion of which is only 1 6^ feet above the present level of the lake. 
It was however found, on measurement, that a lower natural outlet was 
just in the site of the present artificial cutting. The upper portion of the 
latter is wide, but about 14 feet from the running water it contracts into 
a narrow channel with perpendicular sides, and the sole difiiculty is to 
determine where nature ended and art began. If we suppose that the 
whole of this narrow channel was artificially cut, then the lake must have 
been lowered to a corresponding extent. This, however, may be beyond 
the mark, as in the course of time the water itself would make a similar 
channel. After repeated and most careful inspections of this spot, I am 
inclined to fix the minimum amount of cutting at 10 or 12 feet. Based, 
therefore, on the lowest estimate, the original surface of the crannog must 
have subsided over 10 feet, as it is now just on a level with the lake 

water. 

Eelics. 

No inference worthy of note could be drawn from the relative position 
of the relics found on this crannog. They were interspersed amongst the 
debris, chiefly around the fireplaces and over the area of the log pavement, 
at a depth varying according to their distance from the centre of the 
mound, but none more superficial than about 18 inches from its surface. 
Though in point of number and variety the general collection is not equal to 
that from Lochlee, it is scarcely inferior to it in archaeological importance. 
Following the system of arrangement adopted in the latter, I have described 
the various articles under the several heads suggested by the respective 
materials of which they are made. 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT LOCHSPOUTS. 



I. Objects made of Stone. 



Hammer-Stones. — These implements were in great abundance, forty of 
wHcli were collected and transferred to Kilkerran House. According to 
the principle of classification hinted at in the description of those found at 
Lochlee, which is based exclusively on their shape and the position of the 
markings, they fall to be arranged in three groups. 

First, Two are somewhat flat and circular, about 3-^ inches in dia- 
meter, and exhibit markings all round the edge. 

Second, Three, similarly shaped, have the markings on the flat surfaces 
alone, and appear to have been held when used with one of the flat surfaces 
in the palm of the hand. 

Third, The rest are more or less elongated, and show wrought 
surfaces at one or both ends. The largest, made of a fine-grained dolerite, 
is beautifidly polished, tapers slightly towards one end, and measures 7 
inches long by 4 broad. A few more were of the same material ; and Mr. 
J. Thomson, F.G.S., Glasgow, informs me that this rock is only found in 
situ at Ailsa Craig, but that water- worn pebbles of it are abundant along 
the seashore in the neighbourhood of Girvan. 

Polishers. — Under this head I classify about a dozen pestle-like imple- 
ments, notwithstanding that slight pounding markings were observed at 
the ends of one or two of them, because they are all over so smooth and 
glossy that they seemed to have been used rather for polishing or smoothing 
some soft material than as hammer-stones. There are also about a similar 
numljer of flat polishers, varying much both in size and shape, one of which 
is triangularly shaped like a modern smoothing iron. It 
measures 5 inches long, 4-t broad at base, and 1^- inch thick. 

Whetstones. — These are also numerous, but it is 
difiicult to draw a minute distinction between them and 
the polishers. They vary in length from 2-^- to 6^ inches, 
and are mostly composed of hard claystone or indurated 
sandstone. One of them, judging from the only fragment 
which was found, was manufactured with great care, and 
had a small hole at one end for suspension. This frag- 
ment, which is here figured (Fig. 1), measures 3^ inches 
long, 2 broad, and half an inch thick. 

Another is made of fine-grained sandstone, and shaped 

c 




Fio. 



1. — Whetstone. 
Scale i. 



10 



AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 



precisely similar to tlie sliarpeniug stones now used for scythes. Its 
dimensions are 5^ inches long, f inch broad, and -^ inch deep (Fig. 2). 

Funnel-shaped Holes. — Three flat portions of sandstone, each containing 
a small hole, opening up on both sides into funnel-like cavities. The stone 
here engraved is roughly circular, about 4 inches in diameter and 1 inch 
thick. The cavity at its mouth is about 1 inch in diameter, \ an inch deep, 
and communicates with a similar one on the other side Ijy a hole through 
which a small goose quill can just pass. The holes in the other stones are 
precisely similar in shajie, only the mouth of the funnel in one is -J larger, 
and in the other aliout as much less ; these differences being entirely 
dependent on the thickness of the stone (Fig. 3). 





Fig. 2.— Whetstone. Scale ?,. 



Fig. 3.— rerforated Samlstoiie. Scale I. 



Pebbles. — Of these there were several hundreds found, scattered all over 
the island, varying in size from half an inch to 6 or 7 inches in diameter, 
the larger of which might have been used as anvils, others as heating-stones, 
sling stones, etc. 

Querns. — Out of eleven quern stones, almost all of which were made of 
granite, only two could be positively stated to be under ones. Three of 
the upper ones were round coarse lumps, about 1 foot in diameter and 10 
inches deep, and of these two appeared to have been unfinished. One had 
merely a cup -shaped cavity on its top, but no hole; and the other, in 
addition to the cup, had the central hole partially bored from both sides. 
Neither of them had any marginal hole. 

Four were circular, but rather flatter than usual, and measured a little 
over 1 foot in diameter. 

One was oval-shaped and particularly well finished, length 15 inches 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT LOCHSPOUTS. 



11 



breadth 13, and depth 5. The diameter of the funnel at its mouth was 
5 inches, and the lower portion of it was lengthened in a line with the 
main axis of the quern — evidently caused by the friction of the pivot on 
which it turned round. The smaller end, containing the hole for a handle, 
was curved downwards, so that its tip was If inch lower than the under 
surface of the quern ; another striking evidence of the long period the 
stone had been in actual use. 

Spindle Whorl.- — One spindle whorl (made of fine sandstone) is if inch 
in diameter and f inch thick (Fig. 4). 

Polished Discs. — Two of these interesting objects have turned up on 
this crannog. One, though wanting a small segment of being a complete 





Fig. 4.— Spindle Whorl. Scale |-. 



Fio. 5.— Polished Disc. Scale ■. 



circle, is evidently unbroken, as it presents in its whole perimeter a finely 
cut edge. It is composed of a whitish micaceous stone, quite smooth on 
both surfaces, but has no glossy appearance. It measures 4|- inches in 
diameter, and has a uniform thickness of a quarter of an inch (Fig. 5). 

The other, which appears to have been a complete circle, was broken 
into several portions, two of which have been recovered. These do not fit 
into each other, but they are so similar in composition, thickness, polish, 
and size of curvature, that there can be no doubt they belonged to the 
same disc. The arc of the larger fragment, which is very nearly a semi- 
circle, indicates that the diameter of the completed circle would be 4f 
inches. It is made of a hard, dark, compact stone, highly polished on both 
sides, and neatly cut at the circumference. It is a ^ of an inch thick 



12 



AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 



at the edge, but becomes gradually a shade thicker towards the centre 
(Fig. 6). 

Oval implement tvith two hollowed surfaces. — This is a smooth oval- 
shaped stone with a wrought, circular, and cup-shaped depression on each 





Fig. 6.— Portion of Polished Disc. Scale h. 



Fig. 7. — Stone Implement. Scale J. 



side. Its length is 3|- inches, breadth 2f, and thickness 1 inch. The 
largest diameter of the depression is If inch, and its greatest depth -| an 
inch. It is made of a hard gray tra]5 rock, and though well wrought all 
over, is not polished, nor does it exhibit any markings such as are seen 
on the ordinary hammer-stones (Fig. 7). 





Flint Scrajicr. Scale y. 



Fig. 9.— Jet King. Scale 



Flint Scrajjers. — Of these there are two. One, coarsely chipped out 
of a dark flint, is here figured (Fig. 8). It is roughly circular in shape, 
and about 2 inches in diameter. The other is a chip made by a single 
blow from the outside of a whitened nodule, and is only f of an inch in 
diameter. 



EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOG AT LOCHSPOUTS. 



13 



Rings of Lignite, etc. — Several bits of lignite or cannel coal were 
found, some of which showed marks of tools. One small thin bit seems 
to be the half of a flattened ring, circular on the inside (diameter ^ an 
inch), but only roughly rounded on the outside. 

Ring. — A beautifully polished ring, having a diameter (external measure- 
ment) of 1^ inch (Fig. 9). 

Armlets. — Portions of two other rings considerably larger, like armlets, 
one slender, and the other massive and thick. 



II. Objects of Bo^'e. 

Pin. — A polished pin, length 2f inches (Fig. 10). 

Chisel. — An implement made by cutting a small 
leg bone slantingly, so as to present a chisel -like 
edge. It is 4f inches long (Fig. 11). 

Awl. — An awl-like instrument, 4 inches long. 

Pointed Implements. — Two small pointed objects, 
showing marks of a sharp cutting instrument, and 
another of a much larger size, being about 6 inches 
long. 

Spatula. — Portion of a flat rib used as a spatula 
or knife. It is 6 inches long and f inch broad. 

Knife Handle. — Portion of a shank bone 2 
inches long, hollow in centre, and cut straight 
across at both ends. 



Fig. 10. 

Bone Piu, 

Scale |. 



Fig. n. 

Bone Chisel. 

Scale t. 



III. Objects of Hoe,n. 



Pick. — Deer-horn pick, made of portion of the horn (as a handle) and 
the flrst tyne, and much used at point, and also on the back, the burr being 
almost entirely worn off. Length of the handle is 1 2 inches (Fig. 1 2) . 

Club. — Hammer or club-like implement, having the head formed of 3 
inches of the root of the horn and the handle of the first tyne. This 
implement is much decayed by long maceration. 

Spear-shaped Portion. — This weapon is cut lengthways out of the side 
of a large red-deer horn, and is 9 inches long and 1-^ broad. 



14 



AYESHIEE CEANNOGS. 



Pointed Object. — A slender object, 2 inches long, cut out of a horn 
lengthways, and sharp at both ends. 

Handle. — Cut portion of a tyne 3 inches long, and hollowed as if for 
the handle of a knife. 




Fig. 13. 
Fig. 12.— Decr-horu Pick. Scale I. Implement of Horn of 

Roe deer. Scale |. 

Pointed Tynes. — A few of these show signs of having been used. 
Implement made of horn of roe deer (Fig. 13). 

IV. Ob.jects of Wood. 

A striking contrast between this collection and that from Lochlee 
crannog is the paucity of wooden implements. Indeed, here the only 
article worth noticing is a slender stave, like that of a milk coo-. It ig 8-i 
inches long, and the end with the transverse groove is a shade thicker. 



V. Objects of Metal. 

(a.) Articles made of Iroii. — Articles made of this metal are extremely 
few. Besides two portions so corroded that it is impossible to say what 
they might have been, there remains only one object to be described, viz. 
a small hand dagger, much worn and oxidised. It is 6 inches long, and 
shows evidence of riveting at the end. 

(6.) Articles made of Bronze or B7xtss. — Fig. 14 represents a 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT LOCHSPOUTS. 



15 



curiously -shaped ornament, reminding one of the head of a bee. The 
parts on its posterior aspect, corresponding to the two circular tuberosities 
in front, as seen in the drawing, are concave. 

Key. — The key which is here figured is 1^ inch long (Fig. 15). 





Fig. \i. — Object of Bronze. Scale }. 



Fio. 15. — Key. Scale \. 



A strong wire, flattened, 4-^ inches long, and two small thin plates riveted 
together, being a fragment of some undetermined object, are all that come 
under this head, with the exception of the bronze armlet referred to in 
Mr. Macfadzean's letter, but which has not come into my possession. 



VI. Miscellaneous Objects. 

Beads. — One small yellowish bead of vitreous paste (Fig. 16). Another 
ribbed and made of green glazed ware (Fig. 18). Half of another, very 





Fig. 16. 



Fig. 18. 



similar to the last both in colour and composition, but considerably larger, 
and having the hole contracted about its middle by a raised circular ridge 
(Fig. 17). 

Pottery is more abundantly represented than at Lochlee, though of a 
similar character, and in both crannogs portions of Samian ware have been 
found. 



16 



AYRSHIEE CRANNOGS. 



Fig. 19 represents portion of a bowl of Samian ware, showing its 
characteristic moulding, the festoon and tassel, commonly called the egg- 




FiG. 19.— Portion of Samian Ware. Scale I 

and-tongue border, and portions of the ornamental figures with which it 
was adorned. Its fine texture is of a uniform reddish colour, but the glaze 
has a redder tint. The diameter of the mouth of this vessel would be 
between G and 7 inches. 





Fir,. 20. 



Pottery. 



Fig. 21. 



Three other fragments of similar ware, but of a more slender make, were 



EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOG AT LOCHSPOUTS. 



17 



collected. These might all belong to the same vessel, and they presented 
no appearance of ornaments. 

Figs. 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24, are illustrations of another kind of 





FiQ. 22. — Handle of Vessel. 



Fig. 23.— Pottery. 




Fio. 24.— Pottery. 





Fio. 25.— Pottery. Section of Fig. 25. 

pottery. It is of a light colour, feels soft to the touch, and is mixed with 
coarse sand. Its thickness is somewhat variable, but rarely exceeds ^ of 

D 



18 AYESHIKE CEANNOGS. 

an incli. The fragment represented by Fig. 20 shows a small patch of a 
yellowish-green glaze. 

Fig. 25 represents another class of pottery at least very different from 
the latter. It is nearly ^ an inch in thickness, and is altogether more 
massive, but contains no coarse sand, and its colour externally is a dull 
black. 

Concluding Eemaeks. 

Further Investigations. — Since writing the above I understand that the 
natural basin of Lochspouts is about to be converted into a reservoir for 
supplying the town of Maybole with water, and that, in order to make it 
suitable for this purpose, according to the engineer's report, it wiU be 
necessary to clear away the whole of the lake sediment, including the 
crannog, at an expense of some £900. As no explorations directed from 
an archseological point of view could be more satisfactory than these con- 
templated operations, we may expect, in the course of their execution, 
to find not only additional relics that may have dropped into the sur- 
rounding lake, but to secure absolute accuracy regarding several doubtful 
points, such as the dimensions and mode of structure of the island, etc. 

Organic Remains. — At his own request, a selection of the bones and 
horns collected during the investigations was forwarded to the late dis- 
tinguished and much lamented Professor EoUeston of Oxford, for examina- 
tion and comparison with those from Lochlee, but unfortunately, owing to 
the state of his health, he was unable to make a report. I may state, 
however, that the osseous re7nains were very similar to those from Lochlee. 
The bones of the sheep, amongst which was an entire skull, were propor- 
tionately in greater numbers than either those of the pig or ox. Horns 
were very abundant, but included only those of the red-deer and roe-deer. 
Judging from the amount of the remains of shell-fish {Lit. littorea, Patella 
vulgata, and Trochus), they must have been largely consumed as food. 



EXCAVATION OF A CKANNOG AT BUSTON. 19 



IL— NOTICE OF THE EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOG AT 
BUSTON, NEAR KILMAURS. 

Discovery of the Crannog. — About half-way between Stewarton and 
Kilmaurs there is, on the farm of Mid Bnston, the property of the Earl 
of Eglinton, a shallow basin, now converted into a richly cultivated 
meadow, but which formerly, as represented in Bleau's Atlas, formed 
the bed of a lake of considerable size called Loch Buston. Within 
the recollection of the present generation this area was a mossy bog 
in summer and a sheet of water in winter ; and about fifty years ago, 
when the present tenant Mr. Robert Hay came to reside on the farm, 
there was a small mound or island situated about its centre, locally 
known as the Swan Knoive, on account of the numbers of wild swans that 
formerly used to frequent it. When subsequently engaged in reclaiming the 
bog, Mr. Hay states that as many as thirteen cartloads of timber were 
removed from the " Knowe," and he distinctly remembers that, in con- 
sequence of the difficulty of detaching some of the beams mortised into 
others, his father then made the remark, " There maun hae been dwallers 
here at ae time." He also states that until the land was thoroughly 
redrained, some five years ago, there was still a considerable mound to 
be seen; but at the beginning of December 1880, when I first visited 
the locality, there was hardly any elevation to distinguish it from the 
surrounding field. Notwithstanding Mr. Hay's knowledge of the struc- 
ture of the " Knowe," which he supposed to have been erected by one of 
the old Earls for the purpose of facilitating the shooting of wild ducks 
— a purpose for which it had frequently served himself, — the merit of 
detecting here the ruins of an ancient lake-dwelling is due to Mr. D. 
M'Naught, schoolmaster of Kilmaurs. The history of the discovery is 
most interesting, and reflects much credit on the discoverer ; but the story 
is best told by himself. Having a faint recollection that Mr. M'Naught 
was one of a group of critical sceptics who visited Lochlee while the 
investigations there were in progress, and maintained that the crannog was 
merely the site of an old "whisky still," I was curious to know the 
circumstances and exact process of ratiocination which had now actuall)^ 
culminated in placing him in the position of being a discoverer in this 



20 AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 

same line of research ; so, after the importance of the crannog had 
been established by some valuable " finds," I wrote a note asking if he 
would kindly oblige me by a written statement of whatever information 
he could supply on the subject. The following is his reply : — 

KiLMAURS, January 15th, 1881. 

Dear Sir — I have much pleasure in replying to yours received this morning. 

About five years ago, when engaged in levelling the large drain that passes Buiston 
Crannog, I passed over the very spot, but being utterly ignorant on the subject I 
noticed nothing peculiar. When passing through the stackyard on my way home 
I noticed the old beams, but on being told that they were from some old house 1 
thought no more of the matter. The subject had so completely escaped my memory 
that even when I had seen the Loohlee beams they failed to recall what had formerly 
arrested my attention at Buiston. My scepticism at Lochlee arose from the fact 
that I failed to trace the shape and construction of the crannog as detailed in Chambers' 
Encycloj)edia, which was the only authority then at my disposal. 

I never heard anything more of the Buiston Crannog till the week of the discovery. 
Talking with one of the farmers in my own house, the conversation turned on furniture, 
when bog-oak was mentioned. He remarked that there was as much lying in Buiston 
stackyard as would stock the parish. At once I remembered M'hat I had formerly seen, 
and though the recollection was hazy, on afterthought I felt almost sure that I had 
noticed mortised holes, and that the beams ivere identical with those I had seen at Lochlee. 
Next day, as soon as I had closed the school I went up to the farm. Mr. Hay was 
inclined to pooh-jiooh the matter, and said that the place was " juist a timmer house ane o' 
the auld Earls had put up to shoot deuks.'' G-oing out to the stackyard I found that 
the ricks had been built on the old timber, which made excellent "bottoms." I looked 
about for an odd bit, and did eventually get a splinter, but not sufficient for identification. 
After getting rid of the old man, his youngest son and I set to work at the bottom of 
one of the ricks, and pulled one of the beams so far out as enabled me to saw off the 
mortised joint. This I sent to the Standard office, where you saw it on the Saturday 
morning following. I then went down to the site of the crannog, but it had become 
so dark that I had to feel my way. I eventually kicked against something which 
seemed to be an upright sticking through the soil. I went up next morning early, 
and when I had seen the three uprights afterwards pointed out to you, and the 
mortised beams stuck in the side of the drain, I no longer had any doubts. I there- 
fore at once wrote to Mr. Cochran-Patrick, and penned a cautious intimation for the 

Standard, which the editor accepted on trust from me. You know the rest. Yours truly 

Dr. Munro. D. M'Naught. 

On the afternoon of the Saturday referred to in the above letter 
(December 4th, 1880), I accompanied Mr. M'Naught to the quondam 
"Knowe," and in a short time, by a few tentative diffo-inag the 
existence here of the remains of a crannog was put beyond a doubt- 
Our Secretary, E. W. Cochran-Patrick, Esq., M.P., who had already been 




o 

flD 



< 
-I 

a. 






-S it?ft|Cic^k| 



EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOG AT BUSTON. 21 

comtnunicated with, then, brought the matter under the notice of the 
Honourable G. E. Vernon, Auchans, as Commissioner for the Earl of 
Eglinton ; and after due deliberation it was agreed to make an immediate 
investigation of the crannog on behalf of the proprietor. Accordingly, 
on the 10th December 1880, six men were started to work in presence 
of Mr. Vernon, Mr. Cochran-Patrick, and several ladies and gentlemen 
interested in the discovery. It is needless to describe the subsequent 
management of the excavations. The peculiar and absorbing interest 
excited by the variety of the finds during the first few days soon 
developed the true spirit of inquiry among all concerned, and even 
the old and highly-respected farmer gave up his long-cherished theory 
of the " duck - shooting," and ultimately rendered valuable aid by pro- 
tecting the trenches from the prying curiosity of the general public, and 
picking up relics from the stufi' wheeled out, which became visible by 
long exposure to weather and heavy rains. By general consent, at least 
nem. con. , I was appointed custodier of the relics ; and now, acting on 
the old saying that possession is nine points of the law, I have assumed 
the role of historian. 

Method of Excavating.— The, excavations were commenced by making 
an explorative trench through what appeared to be the centre of the 
crannog, following as a guide the long diameter of the lake basin. This 
trench was from 2 to 3 feet deep, and about 5 feet wide, and its general 
direction lay in a line running from N.W. to S.E. The debris was wheeled 
sufiiciently far not to cover the probable area of the island, and carefully 
examined, but nothing of importance was found, except a small spindle 
whorl (Fig. 5), and a fragment of a quern stone, till the trench reached the 
southern margin of the crannog. Here, after the tops of a few u]Dright 
piles were exposed, a large beam was encountered, lying right across the 
trench, beyond which the stuff turned up from the bottom consisted almost 
entirely of broken bones and ashes. This was at once recognised as the 
wished-for midden, and its discovery at this early stage was fortunate, 
inasmuch as its examination would soon decide, with a trifling outlay, the 
quality of the crannog as a relic depot. To this, therefore, attention was 
exclusively devoted, tUl the severity of the weather compelled us to abandon 
working altogether. The depth of clay and soil above the midden was 
about 2^ feet, and after removing this, its remaining contents were wheeled 
to a separate place, so as to facilitate a more careful inspection after 



22 AYESHIEE CEANNOGS. 

exposure to winter weather. The large niimber of rare and valuable relics 
discovered during the ten days the men were thus employed induced the 
Earl of Eglinton to sanction a further outlay in the prosecution of these 
researches; and it was then agreed that nothing less than the removal 
of the debris over the whole area of the crannog would satisfy 
archgeological demands. The tenant also very kindly consented to 
leave this portion of his field untilled, so that there was no necessity 
to resume work till the weather became really suitable for such an 
undertaking. 

Early in April very dry weather, though cold, set in ; and, on the 
farmer representing that more favourable circumstances for digging could 
not be expected, the investigation of the crannog was resumed. 

While clearing out the refuse-heap the position of the surrounding piles 
immediately to the left of the original trench was readily ascertained to be 
arranged in three or four circles. With these as guides, it was an easy 
matter for the workmen to clear away the soil right round the central portion 
of the crannog without the necessity of constant supervision. The surface 
soil, which consisted of fine clay, varying in depth from about 6 inches at the 
centre of the mound to 2 feet beyond the outer circle of stockades, was first 
wheeled away, and, as no relics were expected here, there was no time 
wasted in searching for them. Afterwards the dark heterogeneous under 
stratum of debris was carefully removed from above the woodwork and 
examined, though not with the same care as the contents of the refuse- 
heap. Here, however, a few important relics were discovered, among 
which are an ornamented gold spiral finger-ring, a small earthen crucible, 
and some fragments of pottery. Having completed this broad annular 
trench, the debris remaining on the central portion was taken away, but, 
contrary to expectation, nothing was found in it beyond the evidence of a 
few fireplaces, some slag, and one or two large wooden pins. 

Structure of Island. — Notwithstanding the havoc committed on the 
woodwork of the crannog by long exposure to atmospheric agencies before 
it finally sank under the protective influence of the muddy water, and sub- 
sequently by the ruthless hands of the agriculturist, there still remained 
sufiicient materials to give one not only a general, but particular and 
instrtictive notion of the mechanical principles on which the island was 
constructed. Its substance, as far as could be ascertained by diggino- holes 
here and there, was made up of layers of the stems of trees, chiefly birch • 




H tt- 



3 f^ 



AIR AND WICTON AflCH/EOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, 1 



EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOa AT BUSTON. 23 

intermingled with which were occasionally found various other materials, 
such as brushwood, heather, moss, soil, and large stones. Penetrating 
deeply this heterogeneous mass, towards its margin, were numerous piles, 
forming a series of concentric and nearly circular stockades, which were 
separated from each other by an interval of 4 or 5 feet. On the south 
side there were four distinct circles to be seen, but on the north only three 
could be detected, as the third outermost appeared to have merged into the 
external one ; and, ia accordance with this diminished number of circles, 
the breadth of the stockaded zone also diminished. The piles in the inner 
circle, which were strongly made, and showed evidence of having been 
shaped and squared by sharp cutting instruments, were uniformly arranged 
at a distance of from 4 to 5 feet, and enclosed an area more of the form of 
an ellipse than a circle (measuring 61 feet by 56), while those in the second 
and third circles were more irregularly, but generally more closely, set. 
All these uprights (except a few on the north side of the inner circle) were 
linked together by horizontal beams having square-cut holes, through which 
the upper ends of the piles passed. The horizontal beams were arranged in 
two ways. Some lay along the circumference and bound together all the 
uprights in the same circle to each other, while others took the radial position 
and connected each circle together. Some of the latter were long enough 
to embrace three circles, and when this was the case I have noticed that 
the upright in the middle circle was sometimes firmly caught in a deep cut 
in the transverse, instead of passing through a mortised hole (see sketch III.) 
Although the uprights in the inner circle were not linked together circum- 
ferentially along the whole course of the horizontal beams, the particular 
construction of the log pavement on the north side rendering this unneces- 
sary, every one of them had a radial beam, directed from within outwards, 
which kept it from yielding to lateral pressure. This purpose was equally 
well served in several ways, sometimes the inner end of the radial beams 
pressed tightly against the upright, at other times the former projected 
half-way into the log pavement, where its end was firmly fixed by a thick 
pin passing through it into the under structures of the island, and its 
middle contained either a notch or mortised hole for holding the latter in 
position. The external ends of these radial beams were occasionally 
observed to be continuous with additional strengthening materials, such as 
wooden props and large stones. 

The main object of the whole of this elaborate structural system was to 



34 AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 

give stability to tlie island, aiFord fixed points on its surface, and prevent 
the superincumbent pressure of whatever buildings may have been erected 
over it from causing the general mass to bulge outwards — objects which 
appeared to have been most effectually attained. 

The piles in the outer circle were merely round posts, smaller and more 
closely placed than those in the inner circles, being sometimes only a few 
inches apart, and appeared to have been bound together by a transverse 
rail, into which their tops were inserted after the manner of a hurdle. 
Portions of these rails, pierced with holes, were found at the south-east side, 
thouo-h none actually in position ; so that the inference that the outer 
stockade was intended as a fence or bulwark seems quite legitimate. In 
support of this view I may state that nowhere along its course were the 
piles connected together by horizontal beams, either circumferentially or 
radially, nor did they penetrate deeply, so that for giving stability to the 
island the outer circle would be of little use. 

Log Pavement. — Like the other crannogs examined by me, this one also 
had its central portion roughly paved with wooden beams like railway 
sleepers. On looking at these beams carefully it was observed that many 
of them, especially those made of oak, had also holes at their extremities, 
and that the plan of being linked and fixed together by stout wooden pins 
was by no means peculiar to the marginal portion of the crannog. Here, 
however, they lay mostly in a radial position, and on the south side ; some 
were distinctly seen to be joined with the uprights in the inner circle with 
one end, while the outer, which pointed to the centre, was firmly pinned to 
the wood below. In several parts this general network of large beams was 
covered over by a pavement made of small round logs, mostly of birch, and 
placed close together, but, being soft and easily removed, I could not be 
(•ertain whether or not it extended over the whole area. If so, it must have 
been a secondary pavement formed after the crannog was inhabited, as 
marks of fire, with slag and ashes, were found in two or three places lying 
immediately on the large oak beams below it. 

On the north side of the crannog the uprights in the inner circle were 
not linked together circumferentially by horizontal beams, because (as I 
have already remarked) the different structure of the log pavement here 
rendered this plan rmnecessary. The reason of this was, that on this side 
a considerable segment of the log pavement was built up, for a depth of 2 
feet or so, of several layers of those round logs of soft wood, laid transversely 



EXCAVATIOX OF A CRAKXOG AT BUSTOX. 



25 



to each other, and carefully arranged flush with the outer edge of the 
uprights, so that the only direction in which the latter were free was 
counteracted by the radial transverses alone (see sketch III.) 

The space between this portion of the log pavement and the next circle 
of stockades was filled up with layers of turf and moss, the depth of which 
corresponded with that of the built-up edge of the log pavement. After 




II. — Eastern Portion of Crannog, showing surrounding Stockades anil portion of Log Tarement. 
The signboard marks the position of Canoe. (From Photorjrciph by Mr. Zawrie.) 

removing the turf and moss from this space in one or two j^laces, we came 
-on the wood of the island, which here consisted entirely of birch trees with 
the bark on, and looking as fresh as if they had been recently cut. The 
heather and moss also looked quite fresh, but soon, after exposure to the 
air, everything turned black. 

Remains of Dwelling-house. — Over the area of the log pavement there 
were here and there the remains of large uprights, which appeared 

F, 



26 AYESHIRE CEANNOGS. 

to have been used as supports for some sort of dwelling-tiouse. On the 
north side, a few feet from the margin of the log pavement, there were three 
or four of these, as if forming another circle, one of which I extracted with 
difficulty and found it to be 8 feet long, 7 of which were imbedded in the 
structure of the island. It was neatly formed, of a rectangular shape (10 
inches by 6), and its downward end was cut and pointed as if for insertion 
into a mortised hole. The centre of the log pavement was occupied by a 
mass of ashes, charcoal, and stones, forming a bed about 2 J feet thick, being 
nearly the entire depth of the mound above the woodwork, and a little to 
the west of this, and situated between two large square - shaped uprights, 
there was a thin bed of charcoal and burnt straw, together with some flat 
stones covered with a quantity of slag. On the east side, near the circle of 
piles, conclusive evidence of another fireplace was observed, but no well- 
formed hearths were anywhere met with. 

On tracing the inner circle of stockades all round, it became evident 
that they formed part of some sort of enclosure. On the south-east side were 
two well-shaped rectangular uprights, about 2 feet 6 inches high, and 4 feet 
apart, firmly mortised into a well-constructed wooden flooring. These, as 
Avill appear from the sequel, formed portions of the doorposts of the entrance 
to the area of log pavement. Continuous with them, on the east side, and 
in the fine of the inner circle, some of the intervals between the uprights 
were actually found to contain the remains of a composite wall of stone 
and wood. The space between the second and third piles, counting from 
the doorway, was thus filled up. At the base there were two layers of 
rectangular stones, then a flat beam of oak laid horizontally, then three 
layers of thin flagstones, well selected for size and shape, then another oak 
beam similar to the first, and, finally, other three layers of fiat stones. This 
wall had partially fallen over, but the relative position of the respective 
layers was still retained, and showed that when standing it would be about 
3 feet high (see sketch 11.) The adjoining space, next the doorway, had two 
layers of stones at the base, and then a beam, but the rest was wanting. 
There were no further remains of a decided wall met with, though stones , 
were abundantly encountered all over the area of the crannog. As all the 
uprights in the inner circle appeared to have been worn or broken, there 
is no evidence to show what their former height was, but as they now stand, 
they are not only different in shape, but considerably taller than those in 
the second and third circles, which are all shorter and more or less pointed. 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT BUSTON. 27 

Directly facing tlie door place, but 13 feet farther out, and nearly in 
a line with the outer circle of stockades, there was a large rectangularly- 
shaped beam 1 1 feet long, containing two mortised holes, one at each end, 
and having an interval of 8 feet 6 inches l^etween them. This beam lay 
close to two massive uprights which projected about 2 feet above the surface 
of the Avooden flooring, and, both as regards distance and shape, looked as if 
they had been mortised into the holes in the former. AVhen the beam was 
thus applied and restored into its natural position, the portion of its under 
side between the mortised holes was observed to have a longitudinal groove, 
having its inner margin bevelled off, and containing a few round holes, 
which, however, did not penetrate to its upper surface, and just underneath 
it were the external ends of two large oak planks which extended inwards 




HI. — Portion of nortli side of Crannog, with the space between inner and second circle of piles dug out, 
showing arrangement of Transverse Beams and structure of the Log Pavement. {From Photograph by 
Mr. Lawrie.) 

to the doorway. On careful inspection these planks were also found to 
contain a few vertical holes, so that it became apparent that the interval 
between them and the large transverse was protected by a series of upright 
wooden spars. External to this parapet-like arrangement was the refuse- 
heap, which, on being entirely cleared away, showed that the two uprights, 
though exposed to a depth of about 6 feet below the wooden pavement, 
were immovably fixed. Close to one of them deeper digging was attemjated, 
with the view of getting an idea of its length, and at a depth of 4 feet still 
lower a solid beam could be felt with an iron probe ; but whether the up- 
right was mortised into it I could not determine. Continuous with the 
east end of this ashpit railing was the external circle of stockades which 
curved a little outwards, and at the other end, in addition to an ■ external 
line of slender stockades which took a more rapid sweep outwards, there 



28 AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 

was a straight row of uprights thickly placed together, and protected at 
their base by a strong fixed beam, into which they were mortised (see 
sketch I.) This beam was on a lower level than the platform in front of 
the doorway, and the upper ends of the uprights were free, but the proba- 
bility is that originally they were bound by a transverse rail. On the inner 
side of this line a number of short beams were observed lying flat, as if they 
had been intended for a pathway, and towards its external end there lay a 
confused heap of slender beams projecting beyond the line of the outer 
stockades. It Avas this peculiarity that suggested this spot as the probable 
terminus of an underwater gangway leading to the shore, the determination 
of which led to the making of a trench some 12 feet farther out, which 
resulted in the discovery of a canoe. 

Though nothing in the arrangement of the wooden structures here could 
be construed to indicate a regular landing-stage, it was very probable, 
from its southern exposure, the position of the canoe, and the proximity 
of the doorway to the log pavement, together with the pathway leading 
up to it, that this really was the ordinary landing-place as well as the 
outer entrance to the crannog. 

Eefuse-heap. — As mentioned above, the refuse -heap lay outside the 
stockades, and immediately beyond the railing in front of the supposed 
doorway to the central area of the crannog. It was of an oblong shape, 
measuring from 25 to 30 feet long (along the margin of the island), 
and about 15 to 20 feet across. Its depth, near the railing, would be 
about 5 feet in addition to its superficial layer of clay and silt. The 
principal ingredients of its central portion were broken bones and ashes, 
but towards the margin and lower strata these were largely mixed with 
decayed brushwood. To clear out its deeper portions was a difficult matter, 
owing to the rapid accumulation of water. One of the combs (Fig. 27), and 
a bone pin, were found here in my presence, at a depth of not less than 6 
or 7 feet below the surface of the field. The lowest stratum reached con- 
sisted of what seemed to me to be lake silt, brushwood, and some large 
bones. The bones, especially those from the lower strata, were abundantly 
impregnated with the mineral Vivianite, which, in some of the larger ones, 
formed groups of most beautiful green crystals, similar in all respects to 
those found at the Lochlee crannog. What, however, made the in- 
vestigation of the midden so full of interest was the number of rare and 
valuable relics recovered from its contents. Some of them were picked 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT BUSTOK 29 

up in situ, when the men were wheeling out the stuff, but others were 
subsequently found by riddling the debris when it became sufficiently dry 
to admit of this process. 

The general results of the above observations may be categorically 
summed up as follows : — 

1. The island, as far as could be ascertained from the investigations 
made, was composed of a succession of layers of the trunks and branches 
of trees, intermingled in some places with stones, turf, etc. 

2. The whole mass was kept firmly together by a peculiar arrangement of 
upright and horizontal beams, forming a united series of circular stockades. 

3. The outer circle was intended more for protection than for giving 
stability to the island, and in some parts, as at the east side of refuse- 
heap, was neatly constructed after the manner of a stair railing, while the 
inner one not only gave stability to the island but was used as a fence, 
or in connection with the superstructural buildings. 

4. The central portion was rudely paved with wooden beams, many of 
which were firmly fixed to the lower woodwork by stout wooden pegs as 
well as to the encircling stockades, thus affording here and there, as it 
were, points d'appui. 

5. While there was one general fireplace situated near the centre, 
evidence of occasional fires elsewhere was quite conclusive, one of which 
appeared to have been a smelting furnace. 

6. The entrance to the central area was looking S.E., and in front of 
it there was a well-constructed wooden platform, made of large oak planks, 
supported on solid layers of wood to which they were pinned down. 

7. Beyond the platform, but separated from it by a massive wooden 
railing, was the refuse-heap ; and, to the right of it, a pathway, also 
protected on its outer side by a railing, led downwards and westwards 
to the line of the outer circle, where there appeared to have been an 
opening towards a rude landing-stage at the water edge. 

8. As to the kind of dwelling-house that no doubt once occupied this 
site, whether one large pagoda -like building or a series of small huts, 
the evidence is inconclusive, but so far as it goes it appears to me to be 
indicative of the former. In addition to what has already been stated, 
there remain to notice only a few broken pieces of wood containing round 
holes, together with a variety of large and small pins similar to those 
described and figured in my notice of the Lochlee crannog. 



30 AYESHIEE CRANNOGS. 

Discovery and description of Canoe. — The experience derived from 
the investigations of the crannogs at Lochlee and Lochspouts, in both of 
which a submerged gangway was found running to the nearest shore, was 
sufficiently suggestive to keep me on the qui vive for any indications of 
a similar structure here. On the north side, where the shore was nearest, 
though the digging was carried considerably deeper and farther out 
from the margin of the crannog than elsewhere, not the slightest ap- 
pearance of outlying woodwork was observed ; and as there was no 
probability of an approach from the more distant ends of the lake, the situa- 
tion of a gangway, if such existed at all, was limited to the south-west 
side, where the shore would be about 150 yards distant. To determine 
this, the men were set to cut a trench about 12 yards distant from the 
crannog, across the most likely line, so as to intercept it, and after going 
down 4 feet they came upon a layer of brushwood, along with one or two 
beams, below which there seemed to be the usual lake mud. Upon forcing 
the spade downwards, however, a hard beam was encountered, which at 
first I took to be the discovery of part of the gangway we were in search 
of, and to satisfy myself on the point I took an iron rod, and, by carefully 
probing all over the bottom of the trench, ascertained that instead of 
a gangway we had come upon portion of a canoe. Guided by the 
direction of the supposed side of the canoe, which looked like a thin oak 
beam running along the edge of the trench, a suitable clearance was 
made, which revealed to the wondering gaze of the bystanders the front 
half of a large canoe. Upon being subsequently exposed in its entirety it 
was found to have the following dimensions and peculiarities. Its sides were 
supported by a series of well -shaped ribs which extended from the rim to 
near the mesial line, and sometimes a little beyond it. This, at first sio-ht, 
gave the canoe the appearance of a boat, but after careful inspection it 
became apparent that these ribs were no part of the original vessel, but 
subsequent additions made for repairing and strengthening purposes. 
Nearly the whole of one side was lined with broad thin boards made of 
soft wood, external to which was the thin oak side of the canoe havino- 
its cracks as well as the intermediate spaces between it and the strength- 
ening boards actually stuflPed with a species of moss. Moreover the 
ribs on this side were more numerous than on the other side, no less 
than ten having been observed on the former, and their arrangement on 
both sides was totally devoid of regularity. Of the whole series of ribs 




I 



O 



i>R AND WIGTON ARCH-EOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION 



EXCAVATION" OF A CEANNOG AT BUSTOK 31 

only two were made of oak, the rest being of bircli or some perishable 
wood, and so decayed that it was with great care they were prevented 
from being entirely destroyed by the workmen, as they offered no resistance 
to their spades. They were fastened to the canoe by wooden pins, arranged 
generally in couples forming two rows along the rib, and so closely were 
they placed that not less than sixteen were counted in one rib. In two 
places the canoe had been repaired by inserting a nicely fitting piece of 
oak planking instead of the original portion of the side. One of these 
patches measured 2 feet 3 inches long, and 10 inches broad, and was 
kept in position by two ribs, one near each end. The stem, which was 
symmetrically shaped and pointed, was pierced horizontally by a large 
hole, and about 3 feet from its tip each side had also an elongated hole 
near the rim, sufficiently large to admit of being easily grasped by the 
hand. Externally, and on both sides, there was fastened to the edge of 
the canoe, by means of wooden pins, a sort of gunwale, which extended 
from within a few feet of the stem till it projected a little beyond the 
stern. Close to the stern, two slender bars of wood, a few inches apart, 
stretched across, and after passing through the edges of the canoe 
terminated in being tightly mortised into the gunwale. These transverses 
contained two round holes similarly arranged as to position, being near 
the right side, and between them was inserted a movable sternpiece which 
was shaped to the curve of the canoe, i.e. approximately a semicircle, 
and made to fit into a shallow groove cut out of the solid wood. This 
sternpiece was strongly constructed, being 3|- inches thick, 3 feet 6 
inches long, and 1 foot 4^ inches deep about the middle. About 15 inches 
in advance of the sternpiece there was a ridge across the bottom and 
sides of the canoe which looked like a rib, but was really part of the solid 
oak, evidently left for a special purpose. I also noticed one or two round 
holes in the floor, as well as others along its upper edge as if for thole 
pins. In two places equidistant from the ends, and about 4 feet apart, 
the gunwale had short pieces of wood fastened to it by vertical pins, as 
if intended for the use of oars. Amongst the decayed brushwood lying 
across the canoe was an oak beam, having one end projecting so much 
beyond the edge into the clay bank that the workmen in endeavoming 
to pull it out broke off the free end. This portion was rectangularly shaped, 
5 inches by 3^, and had its narrow side pierced with three round holes 
1 foot 10 inches apart, which still contained the remains of broken pins. 



32 AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 

The shell of the canoe was oak, made by scooping out the interior of a large 
trunk, but all its attachments, such as gunwale, sternpiece, cross spars at 
stern, and all the ribs except two, were made of a much less durable wood. 

The extreme length of the canoe Avas 22 feet, but the inside measure- 
ments were as follows ; — Length 19 feet 6 inches ; breadth at stern 3 feet 6 
inches ; ditto, about the middle, 4 feet ; and ditto, near the stem, 2 feet 
10 inches; depth, about centre, 1 foot 10 inches. 

Amono- the mud removed from the hull of the canoe were a few stones 
and portion of the skull of an ox. (See sketch IV.) 

Oar. — Portion of what appeared to have been a large oar was found 
on the crannog, but, from its fragmentary state, we could only ascertain 
that the blade was 9 inches broad and 1:|: inch thick, and that the handle 
measured 5 inches in circumference. 

Description of Eeligs. 

The relics are here grouped under several heads, in accordance with the 
method of classification adopted in my previous monographs, and, to save 
repetition, I may explain, that (when not otherwise stated), they may be 
considered to have been found cither in situ in the refuse-heap, or among 
its stuff after it was wheeled out and subsec[uently examined. 

I. Objects made of Stone. 

Hammer- Stones, Polishers, etc. — Only two or three typical hammer- 
stones have to be recorded as found on this crannos:. One is an elongated 
flat pebble, and shows the usual markings at both ends, another only at 




Fig. 1.— Stone rolishcr. Scale ^. 

one extremity, and a third is somewhat circular, with the markings on the 
flat surfaces alone. Under the category of polishers are included seven or 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT BUSTON. 



33 



eight highly polished water-worn pebbles, varying much in size and shape. 
Two, shaped like pebbles, are 7 inches long, and have slight pounding marks 
at both extremities (Fig. 1). Three are flat and oblong, and measure from 
2^ to 4 inches. 

Sling Stones, etc. — Like the hammer-stones these objects are compara- 
tively rare, only a few having been added to the collection. 

Whetstones, Grindstones, etc. — Of these objects the following are note- 
worthy : — 

1. A large flat implement, made of bluish claystone, with a smooth 



«. 



\ 



v1 



^\ J 







Scale 



It 



measures 



i;^'",* 



Fig. 2. — Whetstone (0- 

polished surface, and having a hole roughly cut out of one end. 
12 inches long, 4 broad, and 1^ inch thick (Fig. 2). 

2. One or two ordinary whetstones a few inches long, and from 1 to 2 
inches broad. 

3. An oblong block of sandstone, containing f"^ 
two smooth cavities, probably used for polishing 
small objects such as jet rings. One of the 
cavities is a hollowed circle 2-| inches in 
diameter, and half an inch deep ; the other is 
a groove 3 inches long, half an inch wide, 
and the same in depth (Fig. 3). 

4. Two fragments of a circular grindstone, 
made of fine red sandstone. One of the por- 
tions shows a few inches of the striated 
circumference as well as a small segment of 
the central hole. The diameter of the stone 
when whole would be about 15 inches. 

5. Two large irregularly-shaped masses of whitish sandstone, each 
containing a smooth cavity shaped like a trowel or botanical spud, having the 
sides curled up. One of these curiously-shaped cavities measures 1 by 8 inches. 

F 




Fig. 3. Scale \. 



3,4 AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 

Its greatest depth, which is at the base and in the line of the shortest 
diameter, is 3 inches. The other is precisely similar in shape, but of smaller 
dimensions. The latter stone has friction-marks on another of its sides. 

6. Another mass of whitish sandstone, of a semi-globular shape, having 
a cup-shaped cavity on its flat surface, must also be included under this 
heading. The diameter of the cup is 5^ inches, and its depth 2^ inches. 
The rest of the flat surface all round the margin of the cup is smoothed and 
striated, evidently caused by the sharpening of tools. The cup itself was 
not used for this purpose, as the marks of the punch by which it was 
chiselled out are distinctly seen. Its probable use was to hold water, so 
essential to the sharpening of metal tools. 

Clip Stone. — A small cup stone found in the interior of the crannog. 
The stone is smooth on its upper and under surfaces and on one side, but 
the other sides are irregularly shaped. The cup itself is quite smooth and 
circular, and looks as if it had been used as a small mortar. Its diameter 
is only 1 inch, and depth half an inch (Fig. 4). 

Querns. — Only two upper quern stones, both of which are in a frag- 






FiG. 4. — Fragment of Stone, witli a Fig. 5. Fig. 6. 

cup-shaped Cavity. Scale \. Spindle AVhorl. Scale \. Spindle Whorl, Scale \. 

mentary condition. One was made of a fine quartz conglomerate, and, by 
putting the fragments together, it was ascertained that it measured 18 
inches by 17 inches. It was flat, and more of a millstone shape, and the 
central hole was large (3 inches in diameter), circular, and not tapering. For 
the insertion of a handle there was a small square-shaped hole at its margin. 

Portion of another quern made of whinstone, and of the usual type, 
indicates a medium size, of about 1 foot across. 

Spindle Whorls. — A small spindle whorl neatly made of coarse shale. 
It is flat and circular, and has a diameter of 1 inch (Fig. 5). Another 



EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOG AT BUSTON. 



35 



perforated little object, of smaller dimensions than the former, is made of 
cannel coal (Fig. 6). 

Flint Objects. — Two views of a portion of a curved flint knife, which 
has been much used, are here given (Fig. 7). Another small flint imple- 
ment like a scraper is figured, because it exhibits one side which has been 
artificially polished (Fig. 8). Fig. 9 represents a small central core, 
neatly chipped all round. There is another large core of flint 85- inches in 





Fig. 8. 

Polished Flint Implement. 

Scale \. 




Fio. 7.— Flint Implement. Scale \. 



Fio. 9. —Flint Core. Scale \. 



diameter, from which many flakes appear to have been struck ofi". Besides 
the above there were found a small portion of a finely chijjped scraper, 
and a large quantity of broken flints and chips. 

Finally, small pebbles, sometimes highly polished and variegated in colour, 
thin circular discs of stone about the size of a halfpenny piece, bits of dark 
shale as if water- worn, and a large quartz crystal having its angles worn off", 
may be mentioned among the nondescript articles under this heading. 



11. — Objects of Bone. 

Pins. — Twenty bone pins, varying in length from 1^ inch to 3^ inches. 
These articles are exceedingly weU made, with round polished stems, tapering 
into sharp points. Some have round heads like beads, others are circular 
but flat on the top, while others again, especially the larger ones, are 



36 AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 

irregularly shaped. One (Fig. 11) has its head ornamented by a circular 



V 




Fig. 10. Fig. 11. Fig. 12. Fig. 13. Fig. 14. Fig. 15. Fig. 16. Fig. 17. Fig. 18. Fig. 19. Fig. 20. Fig. 21. 

Bone Pin.s. Actual Size. 

ridge, surmounted by a wider rim neatly notched all round, 
and another has its shank surrounded by two bands of diamond - 
shaped spaces, formed by a series of incised lines slantingly 
crossing each other, as shown in Fig. 21. Fig. 19 is the repre- 
sentation of one only partially formed. 

Needle. — A neatly formed needle, having an elongated 
eye at its extremity, precisely similar to a common darning- 
needle. It tapers gently into 
a sharp tip, and is smoothly 
polished all over. Its length 
is 2 inches (Fig. 22). 

Knobs. — Three round ob- 
jects of bone, about the size 

of a marble, each having a portion of a 

slender iron pin more or less projecting. Fig. 23. -Bone Knob. Fig. 24.-Bone icnob. 



Fig. 22. 
Bone Needle 




EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT BUSTON. 



37 



Two are quite smootli, globular, and precisely similar to each other in every 
respect (Fig. 23) ; the other is ornamented 
by a few incised circles and ridges (Fig. 24). 

Fig. 25 represents a curiously -shaped 
object of bone, the use of which is unknown 
to me. 

Worked Bones. — Several portions of 
bone, exhibiting marks of sharp cutting- 
instruments, but not assuming the form of 
any recognisable implements. 

Toilet Combs. — Three of these articles, 
which are in a wonderfully good state of 
preservation, are here engraved on account ^'"^ ^s.— object of Boue. 
of their structure and variety of ornamentation. They are all made on a 
uniform plan. The body, i.e. the portion containing the teeth, consists of 




Scale 




Fig. 26.— Bone Comb. Scale , 



three or four flat pieces kept in j)osition by two transverse bands of bone, 
one on each side, and riveted together by three or four iron rivets. The 
comb represented by Fig. 26 has its body made of four portions, but 
only three rivets. The ornamentation is alike on both sides, and at one 
end there is a small hole, probably for attaching it to a string. It is 3-g 
inches long and 2^ inches broad. That figured next (Fig. 27) has the 



38 



AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 



same breadth as the former, but not quite the same length, being only 3 
inches long. The ornamentation is similar on both sides. 

From slight cuts on the cross bars, corresponding to the intervals 




Fig. 27. — Bone Comb. Scale 




Fio. 28.— Boue Comb. Scale -}-. 



between the teeth, it is manifest that the teeth in both these combs 
were formed by a saw, after the pieces were riveted together. 

The third comb here engraved (Fig. 28) is in a somewhat fragment- 
ary condition, but when whole it would be about 4 inches loner. The 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOa AT BUSTON. 



39 



body was made up of four portions, and contained four iron rivets. 
Its ornamentation consists of a central dot, surrounded by two incised 
circles, and is alike on botb sides. The similarity of these concentric circles 
induces me to believe that they must have been 
formed by a die, probably branded on with a hot iron. 
Some other frao-ments of similar combs were 
found, representing at least three additional combs, 
with teeth rather finer than those in the illustrations. 



III. — Objects made of Horn. 

Several portions of deer horns, consisting of 
tynes and thick portions of the body of the horn, 
together with a few of the roe -deer, presenting 
sometimes marks of a saw and sometimes those 
of a sharp cutting tool, were found in the refuse- 
heap. The few worked objects I have to record 
were all made from horns of the former animal. 
One large antler, having portion of the skuU at- 
tached to it, and the entire lateral half of the skull 
of a roe-deer "with the horn still adherent, show 
that the horns were not shed ones, but those of 

animals actually caught and killed. 

The manufactured implements consist 




Fig. 29. 



Fig. 30. 
Horn. 

Scale i. 



Fig. 31. 

Knife-Handle. 

Scale \. 



of a few pointed objects, and one implement of Horn. 

1 m T /• Scale J. 

or two handles, apparently for knives. 

Fig. 29 represents a highly polished dagger-like imple- 
ment, measuring 7^ inches long. Another, of about the same 
size, is coarsely cut out of the side of a large horn (Fig. 30). 
A small pointed object is figured among the bone pins. See 
Fig. 16. 

Knife-Handles. — One of the handles is well made, having 
the rough surface removed with a sharp cutting instrument. 
It is 4 inches long (Fig. 31). Another is only 3 inches long, 
and has a notch at one end. 



40 



AYESHIEE OEANNOGS. 



IV. — Objects of "Wood. 

Wooden objects are extremely rare. One or two fragments of wtiat 
appeared to have been a bowl, portion of the blade of an oar, a bit of 
board partially burnt and penetrated by four round holes, together 
Avith three pins almost identical with those figured in the article 
on Lochlee (see Figs. 72, 73, 74). The bowl was ornamented by two or 
three incised parallel lines near the rim. Another small fragment, which 
might have been of the same vessel, had a clasp of thin brass over it, 
as if it had been mended. 

V. — Objects of Metal. 
(a.) Articles made of Iron. 
1. Axe Head. — This implement, which is represented in Fio-. 32, 




Fig. 32. — Iron Axe. Scale '■ 



measures 3 inches along the cutting edge, 4i inches from the centre of 
cutting edge to the back of the hole for handle, and 2 inches through 
the centre of this aperture. A neighbouring farmer, who had carted a 
load of the stuff from the midden for potting plants, found this axe head 
while making use of the stuff in his greenhouse, and returned it to me. 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT BUSTON. 



41 



2. Gouge. — This instrument appears to have had a portion broken 
off its point. It still measures 14 inches long, and its other extremity is 
pointed for insertion into a handle. (Fig. 33.) 

3. Knives. — Six well -shaped knife-blades, all with tangs for insertion 
into handles. The blades vary in length from 2 to 4 inches. (Figs. 34 
to 39.) 




Fig. 33. 
Gouge. 
Scale \. 



Fis. 34 FiQ 35. Fig. 36. Fig. 37. 

Iron Knives Scale \. 



Fig. 3S. 



Fig. 39. 



4. Punch. — This implement is 6 inches long, and rectangularly 
shaped, with its angles slightly flattened. (Fig. 40.) 



G 



42 



AYESHIEE CEANNOGS. 



5. Awls. — Of these objects there are three : one is very slender and 

sharjD, but only 2 inches long (Fig. 41). 
Another is 4 inches long, and the third 
is a much larger implement, being 7^ 
inches long. 

6. Spear Head. — This is a well- 
shaped socketed spear head, 8-J- inches 
long, with a central ridge in the blade. 
The socket end is ornamented by two 
groups of circular grooves, each group 
containing three circles. Portion of the 
wooden handle was found in the socket. 
(Fig. 42.) 

7. Arrow Heads. — Three pointed 
objects like arrow heads are represented 
iu Figs. 43, 44, 45. Two of these 



Fig. 40. 
Punch. Scale \. 



Fig. 41. Fig. '42. 

Awl. Spear Head. Scale J. 
Scale \. 



Sll 



Fig. 43. 



% 



Si 



II 



B«i 



Fig. 44. 
Arrow Points (?). Scale \. 



i| 



objects are almost identical in 
size and form. One end is 
four - sided and tapers to a 
sharp point, the other is round 
and hollow as if for the in- 
sertion of the stem of an arrow. 
Length 2| inches. The third 
has the socket end very similar 
to the former, but the front 
portion is flat, and widens out a 
little before coming to a sharp point. (Fig. 45.) 

8. Fig. 46 represents a curious object, having a spring attached to 



FiQ. 45. 



EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOG AT BUSTON. 



43 



each side, botli of which are still compressible, and a curved portion 
containing a round hole. Total length is 4|- inches, length of springs 2 




inches, length of curved portion If inches. Said to be 
portion of a padlock, similar in structure and princijDle to 
locks now used in China and some parts of India. 

9. Files? — An object shaped like a flat file, cut square at 
one end, and having a sharp -pointed tang at the other. It is of uniform 
thickness throughout, and measures S-^- inches long, f inch Ijroad, and rather 
more than \ inch thick. There is another object exactly similar to the 
above in form, but a shade smaller. They look like small files, but no 
crrooves now remain. 

10. Spiral Objects. — Fig. 47 represents a slender iron rod, forming a 
close spiral with three twists at one end, and a slight curve at the other 





Fig. 47.— Spiral Object. 



Fig. 48.— Iron Object. 



which presents the appearance of having been fractured. 
The diameter of the circular portion is rather less than 1 
inch. Fig. 48 represents another sj^iral object terminating 
in a straight point. 

11. Fig. 49 represents two views of a small ornamental 
instrument with a bifurcated termination, which might 
have been used as a compass for describing small circles, 
such as are seen on some of the combs. Its length is 2 
inches. 

12. Miscellaneous Objects. — When the stufi' wheeled 
from the refuse-heap had dried up and become pulverised Fio. 49.— iron object. 

Two Views. 




44 



AYRSHIEE CRANNOGS. 




Fig. 50.— Broocli. 



during the summer months, several articles were picked up by visitors, 
among which may be mentioned four large nails, a small ferrule, a small iron 
link thicker on one side than another, a much-corroded socket still con- 
taining a bit of wood, a flat portion of iron welded together, and a few 
other liits of iron. These, however, cannot be positively asserted as belong- 
ing to the crannog objects. 

(b.) Articles made of Bronze. 

Brooch. — A circular brooch, minus the jsin, 1^ inch in diameter, and 
ornamented on its upper surface by a series of 
grooves pointing to the centre of the brooch. The 
under surface is quite plain. A small portion of 
the pin is still attached to the brooch, and the 
opposite side of the brooch is worn into a hollow 
by the friction of the point of the pin. The 
transverse grooves are also much worn, but where 
nearly obliterated the external and internal margins 
of the brooch show the hacks, corresponding with 
their extremities. (Fig. 50.) 
-Two small })ins, having round shanks ornamented by two groups 
of circular and longitudinal incised lines. Both pins have ^^ 
flat heads, and one has a blue bead stuck in its top. They 
are nearly of the same length, being a shade less than a 
couple of inches. (Figs. 51 and 52.) 

Several bits of brass plate, apparently used as clasps 
for mending purposes. One, indeed, was found attached 
to a small portion of a wooden bowl. Also a thin brass 
button l^r inch in diameter. 

(c.) Articles made of Gold. 

Finger -Rings. — On the 14th December one of the 
workmen while clearing out the refuse-heap turned up a 
curious spectacle -like ornament, made by twistino- the 
ends of a thick and somewhat square-shaped gold wire into the form 
of a double spiral ring (Fig. 53). Upon close inspection it became 
evident that originally this article was a handsome spiral fino-er-rino- 
containing 5^- twists, but that, from some means or other two of the 



Fim 



Fio. 



1. Fig. 52. 

Pins. 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT BUSTOK 45 

twists had been forced apart from the others. The direction of certain 
scratches, and a slight mark as if a blow had been struck (probably the 
spade of the finder), seem to me to confirm this explanation. It lay buried 
half-way down in the midden, close to the base of the large parapet in front 
of the entrance to the area of the log-pavement. It weighs 300 grains, 
and its internal diameter measures a shade over f of an inch. On the 16th 
April, while clearing away the soil on the west side of the crannog, a few 
feet to the inner side of the inner circle of piles, another spiral ring was 
found (Fig. 54). It is made of round gold wire, not quite so massive as the 





Fig. 53. — Gold Finger-Ring. Actual size. Fig. 54. — Gold Finger-Ring. 

former, and contains rather more than six twists. Both ends taper slightly, 
and, for nearly a whole twist, are ornamented by a series of circular grooves 
which gives them some resemblance to the tail end of a serpent. The colour 
of the gold of this ring is a brighter yellow than that of the former. Its 
internal diameter is exactly f of an inch and its weight is 245 grains. 
Both rings were quite clean and free from all tarnish when exposed. 

Coin. — Mr. Eobert Dunlop, ironmoulder, a native of Kilmarnock, but 
now residing at Airdrie, happened to visit his friends at the beginning of 
the year, and hearing of the discoveries at the Buston crannog, took the 
opportunity of visiting it. It was not, however, idle curiosity that prompted 
him, but a true spirit of inquiry which often ere now led him to wander 
abroad as a humble student of nature, and on one occasion even as far as 
the famous Kent's Cavern. Being a Science teacher in Chemistry he was 
desirous of securing specimens of the difi"erent forms of vivianite, and so 
picked up from amidst a mass of broken bones and ashes that had just 
been wheeled from the midden, a lump of a bluish pasty substance, thinking 
it to be the amorphous form of this mineral. He carried this lump home 
with him for the purpose of analysing it, but, owing to other duties, was 
unable to do so till some three months afterwards. Having then taken a 
portion of the bluish mass, he mixed it with water in a test tube, and on 



46 AYKSHIEE CEANNOGS. 

proceeding to dissolve it, noticed a yellow speck in tlie blue material. 
Curious to know what this could be he emptied the tube of its contents, and 
found what seemed to be a small gold coin doubled up. The slightest effort 
to restore the coin to its proper shape detached the portions, and almost at 
the same moment each portion separated into two thin plates. Mr. Dunlop 
then observed that between the two plates there was a layer of a dark 
brittle substance which he most judiciously collected into a smaU glass 





Fig. 65. Tig. 56. 

Coin found in Crannog. For comparison, from Smith's Coll., vol. i. plate xxii. 9. 

tube for further analysis. Having then carefully cleaned the four little 
plates with a weak solution of nitric acid, he had the satisfaction, on putting 
them together, of restoring the shell of an antique coin, which, as will be 
seen from Fig. 55, retains its impressions and characters on both sides won- 
derfully distinct. This valuable contribution to the collection I received at 
once from its discoverer, as well as the above narrative of its discovery. 

Mr. Cochran -Patrick, M.P., to whom I immediately forwarded the 
different jaortions of this coin carefully arranged under a glass slide, as well 
as the glass tulje containing remains of its core, submitted them to the 
consideration of J. Evans, Esq., F.E.S., F.S.A., so well known for his special 
knowledge of ancient British coins. 

The following interesting remarks hj Mr. Evans on the subject have 
been sent to me by Mr. Cochran-Patrick. 

" The two plates of gold seem originally to have formed the shell of an 
early forgery of a coin, the oxidised core of which forms the contents of the 
small tube. I thought at first that the substance ^ might be resinous, but I 
think it is some salt of copper. Some chemist could readily try this. The 
coin itself belongs to a class of trientes which have been found almost 
exclusively in England, and are probably of Saxon origin. Enclosed is an 
impression of one found near Dover. See Smith's Coll. Ant., vol. i. pi. 
xxii. 9. Others were in the Bagshot Heath or Crondale find. See Num. 

I Mr. Dunlop, tlie finder of tlie coin, and analysed this substance, and both pronounced it 
Mr. Jolm Borland, F.C.S., F.R.M.S., Kilmarnock, to be a salt of copper. 




EXCAVATION OF A CEANNOG AT BUSTOK 47 

Chron., N. S., vol. x. 164, pi. xiii. 24 to 26 ; Num. Chron., vol. vi. They 
probably belong to the sixth or seventh century. The find is of value as 
helping to assign a date to the crannog." (Figs. 55 and 56.) 

VI. — MlSCELLAI^EOUS OBJECTS. 

1. Armlets. — Fragments of three armlets made of cannel coal, very 
similar to those found at Lochlee and Lochspouts. 

2. Jet Ornament. — A small hnk- shaped ornament of jet, with two 
small holes for attachment in one side (Fig. 57). This 

object was found on the surface of a mound of debris 
long after it was wheeled out, and hence no dependence 
can be put on its antic|uity. 

3. Beads, Vitreous Paste, etc. — A cylindrically- 

shaped bead, variegated with three differ- 
ent colours, red and yellow predominating "^'''' 5''-— J<^t Ornament, 
over patches of transparent glass (Fig. 58). 

Half of a tiny yellow bead, of a vitreous substance, only 
^ of an inch in diameter. 
^'^- ■— '^^ ■ A round object, of the size of a small marble, made of 

vitreous paste, variegated with blue and white, but without any aperture. 

Another small flattened object, about the size of a shillino-, made of a 
white compact vitreous substance. It is very -smooth, rounded on one 
side, but flattened on the other. Looks like a drop of a semi-liquid that had 
fallen on a smooth floor. 

One or two little round bits of a dark slaff. 

4. Glass.— Three fragments of thick, bright -green glass, all irregularly 
shaped. 

5. Leather. — Several strips and chippings of very thin leather. 

6. Pottery. — A small fragment of Samian ware, only about a square inch, 
with the glaze nearly worn off, but quite unmistakable in its character. 

Fig. 59 represents a fragment of a small dish with its outline. This vessel 
was made of a hard tinkling ware, black externally, and of a dull white 
inside, and measured 3^ inches across its mouth and 3 inches in depth. 

Portion of a large vessel made of coarse materials, having a short sj)out 




48 AYRSHIRE CRANNOGS. 

just below its everted rim (Fig. 60). The outside is very black and the 





Fig. 59.— Pottery 



Fig. 60.— Potter)'. 



inside has a reddish tinge. Another portion, apparently of the same vessel, 
sho^YS the striation of the potter's wheel. 

Fig. 61 represents a curious little knob of pottery. None of the pottery 
found here had any apj^earance of a glaze. 





Fig. 61.— Pottery Knob 



Fig. 62.— Portion of Button (?), 



7. Portion of a small object like a button, made of a soft chalky sub- 
stance, is represented in Fig. 62. It shows some lines as an ornament on its 
upper surface. 

8. Crucibles. — A small conical crucible, made of hardened clay arranged 
in two thin layers, the external of which looks coarser than the other. It 
has a triangularly-shaped mouth, and at one of its apices there is a slight 
indentation for facilitating the pouring out of the smelted material. Its 
depth is 1|- inch, and circumference of mouth 7 inches. It is cracked all 
over with heat, and a little dark slag forming a horizontal rim on its inner 



EXCAVATION OF A CRANNOG AT BUSTON. 



49 



surface still remains to attest its purpose. This relic was found on the 
west side of the crannog, not far from the site of the second spiral ring, but 
outside the inner circle of piles (Fig. 63). 




Fig. 63. — Clay Crucible. Actual size. 

A second crucible, neatly formed and cpite whole, was found in the 
debris wheeled out from the lowest stratum of the refuse -heap. It is of 
the usual conical form, with a three-cornered mouth about 3 inches in cir- 
cumference, and measures 1 inch in depth. Particles of a yellowish metal, 
like brass or bronze, are seen, mixed with a kind of slag, near one of the 
corners. The outside has a glazed appearance, as if it had been subjected 
to great heat, and to the apex of the cone there is a small bit of cinder still 
adherent. 

Portion of a third crucible, very similar to the last described, was also 
found at the crannog by a visitor, and publicly exhibited at a bazaar in 
Kilmarnock.-' This crucible is interesting as furnishing undoubted evidence 
that it had been used for melting gold, there being several globules of 
this metal adhering to its sides, both inside and outside. 

E. MUNRO. 



1 Along -with a few other relics here ex- 
hibited (most of which, I believe, were taken 
from the Buston Crannog) were — the bone pin 
represented by Fig. 21, a small bronze ring, an 



iron knife-blade, and a fragment of pottery which 
was found to fit e.xactly into that represented 
by Fig. 60. 



H 



50 AYESHIRE CRANNOGS. 



EEPORT OF OSSEOUS REMAINS FOUND AT BUSTON. 

The osteological specimens obtained from what appears to have been 
the kitchen-midden of the lake-dweUing at Buston consist in greater 
part of bones of the ox ; while next in frequency are bones of the sheep 
and the pig. A calcaneum and astragali of the red-deer have been found, 
as also portions of large red-deer horns, and two portions of roe-deer skuU 
with horns attached. In addition a radius and metacarpal of a goose were 

found. 

The bones of the pig were both full grown and young ; the fuU grown, 
with the teeth worn, being apparently most abundant. They have belonged 
to an animal of small size, similar probably to that whose remains are 
found in other A3Tshire deposits. 

The remains of the ox and the sheep I account more interesting, on 
account of variety among them. 

Ox. — Examining six portions of ox skull, I find one with the horn-core 
represented by a mere nodule ; two specimens each with a portion of horn- 
core 2-8 inches in greatest diameter, one with a horn-core 2 '2 inches diameter 
at base, and two others with horn-cores 1'8 inches in greatest diameter at 
base, and one with a horn-core 1^ inch diameter. AR the horn-cores are 
fragmentary ; but I judge that none of the last three could have exceeded 5 
inches in length, while the first two must have been much longer. Only 
one of these specimens, that with the smallest horn, has the suture above 
the occipital bone open. The others must have been adult ; and we 
may judge that we have not to deal with mere aboriginal Bos longifrons, 
but with varieties of ox. The variation seems not to have been confined 
to the horns. Among a number of first phalanges the majority were 
slender and small, but there was considerable variety ; and one specimen, 
contrasting strongly with the others by its stoutness, might have been 
from a small modern specimen. All the hoof-bones which I collected, about 
half a dozen, were very small. Three metacarpals were picked up, all 
measuring about 7 inches long and 1 inch in breadth at the narrowest 
part of the shaft ; and these are aU adult specimens. Two adult metatarsals 
measure, the one 8 inches in length and the other only 7 '3, while in breadth 
they both measure only '9 of an inch. A complete adult radius measures 
only 9 inches in length. A lower end of a humerus is only 2*5 inches 



EXCAVATION OF A CEAJSTNOG AT BUSTON. 51 

broad. Among six calcanea the largest measured 5 "5 inches, and the 
shortest 4-3. In one specimen the orbit is 2-4 inches diameter, and 
in another 2 '8 inches, which is decidedly large. On the whole, the 
evidence is to the effect that while the prevalent variety had small 
horns, and was generally diminutive and slender-limbed, there was 
mixed with it a variety with larger horns and stouter limbs, whether 
of greater height or not I cannot say. 

Sheep. — Only one portion of horn-core was found with portion of the 
skull. The portion of horn-core is between 3 and 4 inches long, and at 
the base its largest diameter is 1"5 inch, its smallest 1 inch. At its 
inner margin it starts at an angle of about 20° from the vertical plane; while 
I should say that in modern sheep that angle is always 45° at least. I 
apprehend that this is probably the so-called goat-horned sheep, scarcely 
now to be got in Shetland. 

The following measurements of limb -bones may be interesting, as 
indicating considerable variety in size as well as deviation from modern 
proportions, when they are compared with the bones of the same sheep 
skeleton which I have used for comparison in previous communications. 

One adult metatarsal measures 5 '7 inches long and "4 broad, and 
another 5 "2 long and '4 broad at the narrowest part of the shaft. 
In the modern specimen this bone is 4 "8 long and '5 broad. 

Three specimens of adult radius have been gathered, measuring in 
length respectively Q'Q, 6', and 5"9 ; while in the modern specimen 
the corresponding bone is only 5 "2. 

Two complete humeri are among the specimens gathered. The 
largest, not quite adult, is 5 '7 inches in greatest length; while the 
other, quite adult, is only 5 inches long, and in the modern specimen 
the humerus is 5 "2 long. Four additional specimens of the lower end 
of the humerus have been obtained ; and one of them is decidedly larger 
than the largest complete specimen, and another decidedly smaller than the 
smallest complete bone. 

The sheep was therefore long and slender legged, like those found in 
other Ayrshire deposits. But it is difficult to determine whether the differ- 
ences in size depend on sex, or some other cause, such as cultivation. 

No goat bones have been found in connection with this lake-dwelling. 

J. CLELAND. 



11. 

NOTICE OF A CRANNOG AT BARHAPPLE LOCH, 
GLENLUCE, WIGTOWNSHIRE. 

Barhapple Loch, on the farm of Derskelpin, lay a little to the south of the 
road from Portpatrick to Dumfries, just beyond the fourth milestone east 
from Glenluce, between two round hills called Deiiauchlin and Barhapple, 
and about 285 feet above the level of the sea. The water-parting is at 
Barhapple hill. The loch was about 1500 feet long and 1000 feet broad, 
surrounded by deep peat bog, except on part of the east shore where it 
touched Barhapple, and rested on a bottom of deep soft peat. Although 
the water was only a few feet deep, its black colour and the inaccessible 
nature of the shore on the west side prevented the discovery of any trace of 
lake -dwellings. I tried to examine it during some of the dry summers, 
especially where there is a clump of willow bushes on each side of the 
outlet, but in vain. It was drained in the autumn of 1878, and in 
November of that year, Mr. Shearer, the tenant, told me that a small round 
patch of logs and stones had become visible. On the 23d of February 1879, 
I visited it and made a sketch plan and such measurements as the bitter 
cold and the soft state of the peat, even in frost, made possible. My friend, 
Mr. John Thomson, who was with me, afterwards made the enlarged plans 
from the 6-inch Ordnance Survey map, in which I have filled in the details 
as well as I can. We found three patches of rough stones, and a good deal 
of floor or platform work made of trees with the bark on, laid side by side, 
with piles beside and among them. During the dry weather next summer 
the peat subsided farther, and exposed the top of some piles which seem to 
have supported a gangway connecting the crannog with Barhapple Hill. 
On the 15th of October 1880, our President, the Earl of Stair, assembled 




A-ni k v/i..r(j|j Arch"- A^r.oc': lldO 




THE BRJllD HIUL ,- 



IQO ZBO 



ONE HALF MILC 



.^c aff*o 



NOTICE OF A CEANNOa AT BAEHAPPLE LOCH. 53 

a party to explore the crannog. There were present with him Admiral Sir 
John C. Dalrymple-Hay, Bart., M.P., and Sir Herbert E. Maxwell, Bart., 
M.P., two of our vice-presidents ; the Hon. Hugh Dahymple, Mr. J. 
Pendarves Vivian, M.P., Mr. Vans Agnew of Barnbarroch, Mr. J. Leveson 
Stewart of Glen Ogil, with Mr. E. W. Cochran-Patrick, M.P., and myself, the 
Secretaries of the Association. Our digging was stopped at a depth of two 
and a half or three feet by the influx of water, yet we found a good deal to 
interest us. This lake-dwelling, so far as explored, consists mainly of piles 
and platforms of wood, with rough stones at some points. It is about 280 
feet from the west shore, but the gangway had run about 550 feet to the 
east shore at the foot of Barhapple, where there is hard ground. It is 
surrounded by a row of oak piles, enclosing a space 175 feet long from north 
to south, and 127 feet broad, and rounded at the angles. While the digging 
was going on Sir Herbert Maxwell took these measurements for me, and 
Mr. Vivian walked round on the soft peat and counted the piles in the outer 
row, of which 134 were visible. There is a slight gap at the west side, and 
a larger one on the south side, with the piles on each side of it more thinly 
set. An irregular line on the plan marks off a part of the enclosure on the 
east side, which is about 9 inches higher than the rest, and is the only part 
that can be walked upon with ease in ordinary weather. After heavy rain 
the whole is still inaccessible, owing to the imperfect outfall of the drainage. 
Thirty-one feet from the outside piles towards the south-east, there was 
a layer of rough, large stones, marked B on Plan I., about 15 feet long 
from north to south, and 1 1 feet broad. Seventeen feet farther north and 
18 feet from the east side, there was a spade-shaped platform, with the 
convex end to the north, about 26 feet m length and breadth. The plan 
shows its appearance in February 1879, with several pieces of wood flooring 
towards the east side, and a layer of large rough stones at A. In October 
1880 some of the logs had rotted away, and others were pierced through by 
the shoots of the marsh plants, which are gradually covering the partially 
drained area. Thirty feet to the west of A there was a circular layer of 
rough stones about 10 feet in diameter, surrounded by several rings of piles. 
On removing some loose dry peat on the east part of A, we found a floor of 
oak logs, laid north and south, 10 feet 6 inches in length and 8 feet in 
breadth. The surface was somewhat flat ; but this may have been caused 
by exposure to the weather. The interstices were closely packed with white 
clay and the sphagnum moss, so common in our bogs, with a few stakes 



54 WIGTOWNSHIRE CEANNOG. 

driven between them. At the west or inner side of this floor, there was a 
log 13 feet 6 inches long, 1 foot broad, and 8 inches deep. Beyond it was 
a layer of large rough stones from 9 to 12 inches deep, which had been 
disturbed by some idle visitors, so that its exact extent cannot be given. 
Under the stones was a thin layer of peat then a log floor resting on clay 
and stones, and under that a second floor, the parts of which were sloping. 
Under the large oak log already mentioned lay a few birch logs sloping 
towards the north-west, and covering at the left side one angle of a frame 6 
feet 6 inches square, made of four oak beams, that on the south-east side 
having two square-cut mortise holes, measuring 6 by 5 inches, and 4 feet 
apart, and that on the opposite side having one mortise hole with a piece of 
the upright still in it. In the angle between this frame and the south end 
of the large log, there was a circular hearth of rough stones bedded in clay, 
and a similar hearth beyond the north-west angle, where there seems to 
have been another square frame without mortises. There were several 
inches in depth of ashes, with charred wood, and fragments of bone too small 
and wasted to indicate what animal they belonged to. West of the second 
hearth the following section was noted in descending series : — 

(a) Eough stones, 9 inches. 

(6) Peat, 12 inches. 

(c) Ashes, 5 inches. 

(d) White clay, 3 or 4 inches. 

(e) Ashes. 

Under the floor first described there was a layer of smaller sticks and 
branches of oak, hazel, and birch, and at the north-east we found under the 
branches a layer of the common bracken, Pteris aquilina. The influx of 
water prevented further examination, but at different places the spade 
struck on logs which could not be seen. The wet state of the peat, ashes, 
and clay, made exact search difiicult. Near the second hearth we found 
a long rude whetstone, a hammer-stone of water-rolled quartzite pebble, a 
fragment of smoothly worked wood, 3 inches long, two broad, and half an 
inch thick, which may have been part of a ladle or large spoon, and a small 
branch like one's little finger, rudely pointed, and with an untrimmed bent 
head. When unpacked at the museum these pieces of wood had crone to 
pieces. 

A trench cut from the hearths to B, showed logs and stones under the 
stone floor there, but not in any regular order. Under the stones, at C, we 



NOTICE or A CRANNOG AT BAEHAPPLE LOCH. 55 

got two broad pieces of oak about 4^ feet long, wMch may bave been parts 
of a canoe. 

Near tbe beginning of the gangway, at the end of a log, there rolled 
from a labourer's spade a ring of unevenly polished cannel coal, which is 
shown in Fig. 1, full size. 




Fig. 1. 

The piles are pointed, and show the axe marks distinctly. Two or three 
branches, 2 inches thick, had been severed by a single cut. The piles are 
from 6 to 8 inches thick, but I saw one a foot thick. One Avhich was pulled 
up was 5 feet long. The plan shows the radiating and curved arrangement 
of the piles. 

At the south-east of the crannog, a few feet from the edge, two piles 6 
feet apart show where the gangway entered. Two or three are seen farther 
off, then about twenty at a place where the gangway seems to have widened 
to nearly 12 feet, and beyond these are two other pairs, the last being about 
100 feet from the'shore. Beyond that the piles have rotted away, through 
exposure to the weather in dry seasons. There are decayed remains of 
timber at various places round the shore. 

While we were digging at the crannog, Sir Herbert Maxwell, who is an 
experienced observer of lake-dwellings, explored the whole circuit of the 
loch, and reported that he had found some logs laid like a corduroy road. 
I did not see them at the time, and when I went back frost and flood had 
hidden the traces of them. At the letter C, I have indicated pretty nearly 
the spot where they were seen. Perhaps another platform was there. 

In April 1881, when verifying some details, I observed a few piles at 



56 WIGTOWNSHIRE CEANNOG. 

the point marked D, between the crannog and the north shore, and reached 
them with difficulty. The nearest is about 120 feet from the shore, and is 
the iirst in a straight line of fou.r piles, set at distances of 6, 10, and 8 feet, 
with two others 6 or 7 feet to the left, nearly opposite the second and third. 
At E, I have marked the probable position in the peat bog of an object 
described by me in "Notes on the Crannogs and Lake-dwellings in Wigtown- 
shire," in the Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol. ix. 
page 377, — " Barhapple Loch, fovir miles east of Glenluce, close to the 
coach road. — James M'CuUoch, one of my deacons, told me that, about the 
year 1842, in cutting peat about 40 yards from the west side of this loch, 
he came on a circle of stakes (about a dozen) from the thickness of the arm 
to that of the leg, and about 5 feet long ; the heads at least 2 feet below the 
surface. The stakes were of hazel, pointed by four axe cuts, 3^ to 4 inches 
broad, and some of them 5 inches long. The circle was cut away at two 
times, and was at least 5 feet in diameter ; coarse branches were twisted 
among the stakes like wicker Avork. No trace of clay." In 1871 I reported 
this as indicating that some dwellings might yet be found in this loch. It 
seems to have been a mctrsA-dwelling, like some of those found near lakes in 
Switzerland. 

The crannogs were probably used as places of refuge, although they 
may also have been occupied constantly. There is often a fort on the top 
of some neighbouring hill, to which the lake-dwellers may have gone when 
the lochs were frozen and the crannogs open to invasion. We have an 
example of this at Machermore, Glenluce. The two round hills between 
which Barhapple Loch lay have both been ploughed, and show no trace of 
fortification or dwellings. But beyond Barhapple, and half a mile east- 
ward, on the farm of Barlae, a small knoll south of Barfad rises out 
of the bog like a peninsula. It is nameless on the Ordnance Survey 
maps, but on an old map of Blairderry and Barlae, which must be above a 
hundred years old, it is called Drumearnachan, Plan II. There are traces 
here of an old village or settlement, although it has been partially ploughed. 
At the lowest part of Barfad there is a ring of turf and stone 17 by 16 
feet in diameter. 138 feet to the south are the remains of a wall or 
breastwork 126 feet long and 12 broad. Beyond it several foundations 
are seen in a straight line north and south. At 96 feet is the bottom of 
a cairn 30 feet long and 22 broad, and 40 feet to the left of it a roughly 
paved circular floor, 6 feet in diameter, which has been saved from the 



o 







o 

O 



DRUMEARNACHAR GLENLUCE, 1881 




Ayr if WioTOK ArchV A-Jit-" 1382 



NOTICE OF A CRANNOG AT BAEHAPPLE LOCH. 57 

plough by having a large boulder rolled on to it. Thirty-six feet beyond 
the caim is a 9 -feet circular foundation of stones; 26 feet farther on an 
oval, lying across the line, 15 by 13 feet; 8 feet farther on an 11 -feet 
ring ; 59 feet beyond that a small circular patch of stones ; and another 
45 feet farther on, with a low grassy cairn 10 feet in diameter, 36 feet 
off at the west. Sixty-two feet south-east from the last foundation in the 
straight row is a circular turf and stone ring, 1 0-J- feet thick, 3^ high, and 
48 feet in diameter, over all, with the entrance-gap at the south-ivest. On 
the 6-inch Ordnance map it is marked " site of cairn," but I have never 
found any one who had heard of a cairn there. Part of the enclosed space 
is somewhat stony, and the position of the entrance -gap is peculiar, all 
the others I have seen or heard of having it at the south-east. Many 
years ago, the late tenant, Mr. M'llwraith of Kilfillan, asked me to go 
and see this ring, because he thought it had been surrounded by two 
oval rows of earth-fast stones. I went and made careful measurements, 
with this result, that the stones may have been arranged in order, but there 
has been too much disturbance by the plough to make this more than a 
guess. For a long time I regarded such rings as small forts ; but have 
lately begun to think they may have been places of interment. I have 
heard of three instances in which the plough, in levelling down such rings, 
turned up crocks of coarse pottery, not in the enclosed space, but in the rings 
themselves. The attention of observers elsewhere is called to this fact. 

Half a mile due north from the Barhapple crannog, passing Knockie- 
core. Barrel Hill, and Derniemore Hill on the left, and Tannieroach Moss, 
Derhagie Hill, and Blairderry Hill on the right, just beyond the old 
military road, we reach a low rocky hill surrounded by a peat bog, which 
unfortunately has lost its ancient name, and is called from its broad shape 
the Braid Hill. It is on the farm of High Dergoals ; and Mr. Dougan, the 
tenant, told me that many years ago he found, in cutting peat at the south 
side of it, at a depth of 4 feet, three or four stakes, apparently of oak, 3 or 
4 inches in circumference, and pointed by a single cut. The higher ground 
is rocky and uneven, and scattered over it are the remains of several small 
cairns and rings, Plan IH. At the west end is a ten-foot ring, a cairn with 
the remains of a stone grave in the centre, and beyond it two others lying east 
and west, with a foundation between them, 27 by 14 feet, with the corners 
much rounded. Towards the middle there are two circular foundations, three 
others on the north slope, three on the south, and three more at the east end, 

I 



58 WIGWTONSHIRE CEANNOG. 

all so indistinct that it is difficult to say whether they have been huts or 
cairns. On the slope at the east end there are two rings. It is impossible 
to know whether either of these sites has been occupied by the Barhapple 
lake-dwellers. There are no others near it, although there are several other 
ancient village sites in Glenluce, some of which I hope to describe in a future 
volume. There have been four other lochs in Old Luce parish with crannogs. 
The frequent occurrence of the syllables der, dir, or dar, in the names of 
the places near Barhapple, shows that long ago they were clothed with trees. 
Here is a topographic rhyme, by some unknown native bard, communicated 
to me by Mr. Thomas M'Cormick, farmer at Mindork, in Kirkcowan : — 

" Knocketie and Knockietore, 
Laniegoose and Laniegore, 
Dirnefuel and Dirniefranie, wee 
Barsolas and Dernasie.'' 



aj,i 



GEOEGE WILSON. 



FOKT AT SEAMILL. 

REFERENCE SHEET TO PLAN AND SECTIONS. 

A A. Entrance to that part of Eort evidently used as a dwelling ; paved vi'itli flat stones, 
sloping outwards. " Socket stone " of door or gate found at inner A, in line of S.W. side wall. 

B B. An older and to appearance an abandoned entrance. When opened up sides found to 
be built like A A. Above a pavement of coarser stones. Quantities of bones, horns, whelk and 
limpet shells dug out. 

C C C. Space between double ramparts dug into at several places. Well down below 
surface. Quantities of shells, horns, and bones found. The same found on digging outside the 
ramparts on S.W. side. 

D D D D. Line of rampart from N.W. corner round to entrance A. The dotted lines 
show where earth slips had carried away rampart at three places. 

E E. Foundation of a cross wall built of stones, traced below surface 5 feet broad. 

F F. A row of stones at the foot of earth slope to wall E E. Space outside this row of 
stones and within ramparts dug into at several places. Nothing found. N.W. corner when 
dug into showed rich black earth or " mo^ild." At N.W. corner large stones were found under 
the surface, evidently placed to form an inlet and outlet between double ramparts and open space 
of fort. 

G. Area of apparent dwelling, bounded by the cross wall E E and by the other wall east of 
entrance A. The largest half of the S.W. area paved with ilat stones same as entrance A, 
sloping also outwards. In the other smaller half small stones were used, beat into the soil 
very close. 

H. Fireplace of dwelling. Subsoil burned all round. Three feet wide ; same in depth. 

I I I I. Space between pavement of dwelling and foot of rampart. 

Note. — No trace of any " well of water" found within area of fort. Water may have been 
got from the stream Ijy dipping over the rock below N.W. corner, in the same way as from a 
draw-well, by rope and bucket. H. F. W. 




II 



in ' 



< 

CO 

H 
< 

H 

a: 
o 



III. 

NOTICE OF EXCAVATIONS MADE ON AN 
ANCIENT "FORT" AT SEAMILL, AYRSHIRE. 

From a little behind the town of Ardrossan there extends north-westward 
an elevated plateau, presenting towards the sea a steep escarpment, which 
overlooks a narrow strip of sandy soil lying between it and the beach. 
The geologist at once recognises here an ancient sea cliff, which, in the 
course of time, has become moulded into a succession of deep gullies, 
rounded knolls, bluff headlands, and occasionally overhanging cliffs of pro- 
truding sandstone strata, around which nature has thrown a variegated 
garb of the richest vegetation. Some of these knolls, which are merely 
portions of the table-land that have resisted the denuding agency of the 
streams that trickle through the gullies, have been converted at some 
former period, no doubt on account of their isolated and commanding situa- 
tion, into a series of forts, but as to the period of their occupancy or 
the military exigencies that necessitated their erection, both history and 
tradition are entirely silent. The following reference to them I quote from 
the New Statistical Account of Scotland, vol. v. page 257 : — 

" Along the steep banks facing the sea-beacli are placed a chain of little round eminences 
called " Castlehill," supposed to be the remains of a very primitive class of fortlets. They 
stand at unequal distances, apparently as suitableness of situation offered — some scarcely 
half a mile, others a mile and a half apart. In particular, they occur at Boydston, 
Glenhead, Seamill, and Ardneil. They are all constructed in the same manner, and are of 
very limited dimensions. A portion of the bank is detached on all sides and rounded 
conically; the enclosure on the summit, of about 30 or 40 feet in diameter, is surrounded 
by a rampart from 6 to 8 feet in thickness, faced on both sides with large undressed stones 
neatly laid, the interstice being filled up with small stones intermixed with earth. That at 
Ardneil stands on a finely isolated eminence called Auldhill, and in front of the enclosure 
or prsetorium there is an esplanade of 46 or 50 paces in length, very exactly formed and 



60 NOTICE OF EXCAVATIONS MADE ON AN 

levelled. Something similar exists at Seamill,'^ but the rest are confined to the circular 
rampart alone. 

"Near the Castlehill, at Seamill, about four years ago (1833), whilst the new line of the 
coast road was being executed, two entire urns of this sort were dug out in a stratum of 
gravel about 3 feet below the surface, but without the addition of any mound being raised 
over them. One of these, it is believed, has since been deposited in Anderson's Institution in 
Glasgow. These urns were formed of coarse red clay, of very rude manufacture, yet well 
proportioned, and modelled in the vase form. In hardening the fire appears to have been 
applied solely to the inside of the urn, that part being changed to a dark colour, whUst 
the outside remains of the natural red." 

Mr. H. F. Weir of Kirkhall supposes the fort at Seamill to be the 
" Stronge Fort " referred to by Pont as near the chapel or early church of 
West Kilbride, " Kilbryde Kirke, a Perochiall Church, seatted in a fertiUe 
soyle, neir to wich anciently wes ther a stronge forte." That an early popu- 
lation existed on the low ground near the fort, requiring a chapel, Mr. Weir 
thinks probable, from the place-names in the neighbourhood, such as 
Chapelhouse, Chapelton, etc., from the finding of the ancient urns above 
mentioned, and from a recent discovery near the same place of human 
bodies enclosed in coffins made of flagstones, and lying at fuU length with 
the feet pointing eastward. 

Owing to the obscurity which thus surrounds the origin and history of 
these forts, the investigation of them became an object of importance to the 
Ayrshire and Wigtonshire Archaeological Association ; and, accordingly, 
the Secretary, Mr. Cochran-Patrick, M.P., having a few days to spare last 
summer, made arrangements with the proprietor, the Earl of Eglinton, to 
have one of them explored. The one selected was that at Seamill, 
situated on a green mound about a hundred yards north of the high road 
from Ardrossan, and close to a small stream which meanders through the 
picturesque little glen extending between it and the village of West 
Kilbride. In response to the invitation of the Secretary a numerous party 
of ladies and gentlemen, amongst whom were the Hon. Gr. E. Vernon, 
Captain Boyle, the late Eev. Dr. Boyd, Dr. Macdonald, etc., interested in 
archaeological research, together with a gang of workmen, met on the spot, 
all intent on eliciting from the dumb mound some scraps of its forgotten 
story. Before my arrival systematic operations had made considerable 
progress. Some were minutely examining the stufi" thrown out of the 

^ A few years ago, an opening being made in tlie been sawn asunder, were found a few feet below tlie 

ground outside of the rampart at Seamill, a consider- surface, the materials of the wall having fallen down 

able quantity of charcoal of wood, bones of cattle, over the place, 
and deers' horns, some of which appeared to have 



ANCIENT "FORT" AT SEAMILL, AYRSHIEE. 61 

trenches ; others, with military experience, were studying the remains of the 
surrounding ramparts ; whilst Mr. Cochran-Patrick and the laird of Kirk- 
hall were busily occupied in taking the necessary measurements for the 
accompanying plans and sections. Though a complete tyro in the explora- 
tion of military forts, I soon fell in with the enthusiasm of the party, and, 
after a hasty inspection of the finds and general plan of proceedings, found 
occupation for my hands and eyes alongside the relic -hunters. It was a 
most lovely day, one of the finest the month of May 1880 produced. With 
all these advantages the explorations made rapid progress, and the only 
regret we have now to record is that the Eev. Dr. Boyd has not been spared 
to give a more detailed account of the proceedings, to whom this duty 
had been assigned. 

The excavations were continued for about a week, and several trenches 
dug at different parts of the enclosure. During the operations two objects 
were steadily kept in view, viz. — 

(1.) The determination of the nature and mode of structure of the 
fort ; and (2.) The collection of relics and animal remains. 

Structure of Fort. — On this head there is not much to be recorded. 
The oval contour of the mound appeared to have supplied the only design 
of the form of the ramparts. On the side looking to the sea there were 
two walls, an outer and an inner, about 5 or 6 feet thick, and only a 
few yards apart, which coalesced into one at the north-western apex 
(see plan). On the north side the bank was very steep, and hardly 
any remains of a wall were seen. Between the mound and the projecting 
ridge from the mainland there was a hollow, overlooking which there 
still remained a considerable portion of what appeared to have been 
the strongest and thickest part of the rampart. In the construction 
of these surrounding walls large undressed stones were used, without any 
cementing element, and the interstices were filled with smaller stones and 
earth. A wall along the shorter axis of the enclosure divided it into two 
unequal parts, the smaller of which, that next the rising ridge from the 
mainland, was found, upon clearing out a large quantity of debris and 
stones from the fallen walls, to have been partly paved with stones. The 
stuff" lying over the area of this rude pavement was nearly all trenched 
over, in the course of which were found abundance of charcoal and ashes, 
bones, horns, sea-shells, and all the following relics, except the hammer- 
stone, which was dug up near the centre of the outer enclosure. 



62 



NOTICE OF EXCAVATIONS MADE ON AN 



EELICS. 
I. — Objects made of Stone. 

Hammer-stone. — This is a flat oval sandstone pebble, 3^ inches long, 
and showing the usual markings at both ends. 

Globular Ball. — An artificially rounded ball of hard stone, smooth, and 
almost a perfect sphere, except at one spot, where it is slightly flattened 
as if by rubbing. Its axis is 1^ inch. 

Polisher. — Portion of a circular polisher, 2|- inches in diameter, made 
of friable mica-schist. Bit of sandstone, with a groove, as if for sharpening 
a pointed tool. 

Quern. — Two fragments of an upper quern stone, made of granite, one 
of which contains the handle hole. 

Spindle Whorl. — A thin portion of caunel coal, 1 
inch in diameter, irregularly circular, and perforated in 
centre like a very light spindle whorl (Fig. 1). 

Cannel Coal. — Several portions of cannel coal, some 
smooth and polished as if water-worn, and others having 
artificial markings ; one, evidently a spHnter, shows a 
circular edge at one side, indicating a diameter of about 
5 inches ; another similar fragment, but of smaller dimensions ; and a third 
has half a small circle cut out of one side. 




Fig. 1. 
Shale Spindle Whorl. 



II. — Objects made of Bone. 

Pointed Implement. — This is made of the splinter of a lef bone, 
.5 inches long, and pointed at one end as if used as a borer. 




Fig. 2. — Bone Implement. 

Fig. 2 represents portion of a bone cut by a sharp instrument, 
having one surface flat and the other slightly rounded and polished. 
It is pierced at each end by a hole with an interval of 2 inches. 



Al^CIENT "FORT" AT SEAMILL, AYRSHIEE. 



63 



III. — Objects made of Metal. 

Iron. — A few fragmentary bits, from 2 to 4 inclies long, but so much 
oxidised that only traces of the metal now remain. One looks hke the 
front half of the blade of a knife, another has a round hole at one end, 
a third is part of a tapering tube like the socket of a spear, and the 
others might have been portions of a spear or dagger. 

Bronze or Brass. — Fig. 3 represents a well-finished object, covered 
with verdigris. It consists of a short ornamental stem, ending in a 
circular loop at one end, and riveted at the other to the centre of a flat 
wheel. This wheel is If inch in diameter, and has a triangularly shaped 





Fig. 3. — Bronze Object. 



Fig. 4. — Bronze Disc. 



nave, from which three curved and equidistant spokes radiate to the cir- 
cumference or rim. One half of this wheel appears to have been wrenched 
inwards, and the other outwards, causing the tTvdsted appearance it now 
has. 

Perforated Disc. — A thin circular disc, 1|- inch in diameter (Fig. 4). 
Three small fragments of a thin plate, very much corroded. 

IV. — Miscellaneous Objects. 



Glass. — Two small fragments of green glass. 

Pottery. — A small bit of reddish pottery, showing, but very faintly, 
three parallel lines. 

E. MUNEO. 



64 NOTICE OF EXCAVATIONS MADE ON AN 

EEPORT ON ANIMAL EEMAINS FOUND AT SEAMILL FORT. 

Ox. — Two specimens of base of core of left horn, with portion of 
frontal bone, having the characters of Bos longifrons. 

Left molar, etc., and right intermaxillary, with portion of maxillary 
attached. 

Three right condyles of lower jaw, of small transverse diameter (two of 
them 1^ inch, the other if), one of the smaller with a coronoid process 
attached, measuring 2^ inches in length, and l^^ from before backwards 
at base. 

Two smaller coronoid processes of the same strong shape. 

Portions of small right scapulae and one left, all of them similar to those 
from the Hunterston rock-shelter. 

Lower ends of one right and two left humeri, all small. 

Left ulna, small. 

Ununited lower epiphysis of right radius. 

A right metacarpal 6^ inches long, 1 inch broad at middle of shaft. 

Two first phalanges, short and slender for their length. 

Two right aeetabula, small. 

Lower half of left femur, small, and portion of inner condyle from a 
larger specimen. 

Lower end of a slender right tibia. 

Three astragali, one left and two right. 

A left scapho-cuboid bone. 

The lower part of a metatarsal, similar in size to the metacarpal. 

A large number of molar teeth, with some portions of upper and lower 
jaws, and some doubtful fragments. 

A portion of left humerus, a right os calcis, and a right radius, appear 
to belong to a calf. 

Deer. — Eoot and brow antler; two patinate portions, one of them 
breaking up into three branches, and other smaller portions of what mav 
have been one horn. It is the " crowned hart," described by Owen, Cervus 
{Strongyloceros) elaphus. See British Fossil Mammals and Birds, p. 472. 

Two right astragali of different sizes, the smaller much the heavier. 

Lower half of left metacarpal. 

Upper halves of right and left metatarsal. 

A right fibula. 



ANCIENT "FORT" AT SEAMILL, AYESHIRE. 65 

A terminal phalanx. 

Four detached femoral heads, three of them marked with instruments, 
viz., one of them presenting a bore more than half an inch deep and ^ inch 
diameter, another showing nearly half the diameter of a similar bore, and a 
third with a short score of the same breadth. 

The antler is 6^ inches in circumference at base, and has been cut with 
iostruments in various places. 

Pig. — -Large portions of upper and lower jaw with teeth, mostly of an 
old individual, with some teeth and a portion of lower jaw of a younger 
individual. 

Eight ulaa, lower half of right tibia, from an old individual. 

Seventh cervical vertebra. 

Part of left pelvic bone. 

Portion of fibula. 

Bits of rib. 

A smaU scapula. 

Seven metacarpal and metatarsal bones and two phalanges, some of 
them thoroughly adult, others with ununited epiphysis wanting. 

Two small fragments of rib and a portion of femur, may be from a 
sucking pig. 

Portion of shaft of left femur, rather small, but not very young looking. 

Sheep. — Left lower jaw, incomplete. 

Portions of right and left lower jaw of a smaller individual. 

Eight intermaxillary, very small. 

A few separate molar teeth. 

Seventh cervical, and a body of a dorsal vertebra. 

A small scapula, incomplete. 

Lower end of left tibia and a portion of a metatarsal, both belonging to 
the slender sheep found in other Ayrshire deposits ; as also does the lower 
end of a right humerus. 

The lower end of a left humerus is of thicker build, and may have 
belonged to a goat, the two posterior ridges of the condyles being parallel. 

Various ribs. 

Shells. — Littorina littorea, portion of a trochus, Patella vulgata, 
portions of valve of Pecten maximus and of Ostrea edulis. 

J. CLELAM). 



IV. 

ILLUSTRATED NOTICES OF THE ANCIENT 
STONE IMPLEMENTS OF AYRSHIRE. 

(FIEST SEEIES.) 

Objects of antiquity, when merely looked iipon as curiosities, and care- 
fully guarded as sucli, are deprived of more tlian half their value. The 
light they throw on the early condition and civilisation of mankind, in the 
countries in which they occur, alone gives them a real interest. It cannot, 
however, be too widely known among those likely to be their first 
discoverers that this light will seldom be got unless we have trustworthy 
particulars as to the objects themselves and the circumstances under which 
they came into the finder's hands. If, therefore, specimens are not placed 
in a public collection, like the National Museum of Antiquities in Edin- 
burgh, so as to be within easy reach of the scientific observer, they ought 
at least to be available for his purposes by being described and illustrated 
in some publication such as the present. 

Lists of animals and plants have long been recognised as valuable guides 
in studying the history and distribution of the various forms of life, recent 
as well as extinct. Certain types and species are thus ascertained to be 
confined to particular geographical regions, while others are shown to have 
been characteristic of areas and periods in the remote past of the world's 
existence. Owing largely to the knowledge thus acquired and the inferences 
plainly deducible, zoology and botany rest on a wide and solid basis ; and 
now that archaeology has vindicated for itself a place among the sciences 
of observation, corresponding results may be expected from use being made 
in its service of similar lists. Traces of the presence of former generations 



ILLUSTRATED NOTICES OF ANCIENT STONE IMPLEMENTS. 67 

and tribes of mankind in a country or a province cannot, it is true, be so 
exhaustively examined and tabulated as its fauna and flora, or even as the 
fossils embedded in the strata beneath its surface. Unfortunately, much 
that would have been of the highest interest was perishable in texture, 
and much has been ignorantly or wantonly destroyed. But many relics of 
the past are still left us ; and every collection of facts regarding them that 
can be depended upon is an addition to the materials out of which the 
science has to be buUt up. 

In view of their strictly local character and the purpose they are in- 
tended to serve, it would be out of place to preface these " Notices " with 
almost any remarks of a general nature. Their only aim is to preserve an 
authentic record of the examples of ancient stone implements and weapons 
that have occurred within the limits they embrace, as well as the facts of the 
discovery, so far as these can now be ascertained. In addition to descrip- 
tions, figures will also be given in every case where it seems desirable 
to do so. But beyond this nothing will be attempted. Whatever be the 
story the objects themselves have to tell regarding their makers and first 
possessors, no attempt should be made to unfold it tiU the evidence to be 
extracted from them has been heard, — nor, indeed, till that evidence has 
been compared with what is obtained from the stone antiquities of other 
districts of Scotland, as well as of a stUl wider area. Those who wish 
to learn what is known as to the manufacture, the probable uses, the range 
in time, and the superstitions that have come to be attached to them, must 
consult Mr. Evans's great work,^ to which frequent reference will be made. 

There are, however, three points on which some information is perhaps 
due to readers of the " Collections " that have not given special attention 
to this branch of antiquarian research. 

1. Ancient stone relics are not to be looked upon as all belonging to 
a fixed period of time, during which that material was the only one 
employed in the fabrication of domestic tools, weapons of war, and imple- 
ments of the chase. It is not improbable that Ayrshire passed through 
this stage ; for there is every reason to conclude that in Scotland, like 
other parts of Western Europe, the use of bronze and iron was preceded by 
an age of stone. But a little reflection wUl show that, in a state of society 
so unfavourable to the rapid spread of new ideas and inventions as existed 
in those bygone times, the one could not have suddenly supplanted the other, 

"■ The Ancient Stone Implements, Weapons, and Ornaments of Great Britain. London, 1872. 



68 ILLUSTEATED NOTICES OF THE 

in the same fashion as ironclads have already superseded the " wooden walls " 
of only twenty years ago. The celt and the knife would be made of stone 
by some men long after others of superior resources or culture in the 
same district had begun to cast them of bronze, or even to forge them 
of iron. The quern, one of the most venerable of domestic utensils, 
is an example of this. Pennant, when visiting Skye in 1772, saw it 
in use, though there were then water mills in the island ;^ and Dr. 
Arthur Mitchell states, as the result of his own observation, that at 
the present day querns are numerous in Shetland, and common in the 
Orkney and Hebridean islands, and that, "in the west coast parishes of 
Sutherland, Eoss, and Inverness, they can scarcely be called rare."^ Con- 
siderations of this sort ought sufficiently to dispose of the qiiestion that of 
all others is most frequently asked about antiquities of every class by the 
curious, "What is their ageV In examining the traces that are still left 
of the different phases of human progress towards the existing state of 
culture in a country, sequence is all, in relation to time, that the archae- 
ologist seeks to discover and prove. " His science," as has been justly 
remarked by one of the most accurate of its living investigators, " has no 
dates of its own, gives no periods that can be expressed in chronological 
terms. These belong exclusively to histoiy. . . . By itself and on its own 
ground, it never deals with periods of time that are measurable by any 
known method of science. . . . And, if it be true that it does not give 
measurements to its periods, it is equally true that it does not give dates to 
its specimens." ^ 

2. For such an extent of country as Ayrshire, the number of stone relics 
known to be in public collections or in the possession of private persons is 
meagre and incomplete. But it should be remembered that only of late 
years has attention been bestowed upon them, even by professed students 
of antiquity. With the exception of passing references to the quern and 
the " elf-arrow," no notice of their occurrence will, it is believed, be 
found in the whole of Sir John Sinclair's Statistical Account of Scotland, 
completed in 1799, though the attention of the writers was specially 
directed to the antiquities of their respective parishes. Even in the more 
recent New Statistical Account only a single Ayrshire stone or flint imple- 

1 Tour in Scotland and Voyage to the Hebrides, 3 Mr Joseph Anderson : Scotland in Early 

pp. 222, 228. Second Edition. London, 1776. C/insJia7i Times, First Series, p. 20. Edinburgh, 

"^ The Past in the Present, p. 33. Edinburgh, 1881. 
1880. 



ANCIENT STONE IMPLEMENTS OF AYESHIEK 69 

ment is described/ "When this indifference to their value long prevailed 
even among the educated, we need not be surprised that those engaged in 
manual labour, into whose hands they would, as a rule, first come, treated 
them with neglect. Many specimens are ascertained to have been thus 
unfortunately either destroyed or lost beyond recovery. On the other 
hand, some very probably exist that have not yet been brought within the 
scope of the inquiries made on behalf of the " Notices," and many stUl lie 
where accident or design has hidden them. It is to be hoped, now that 
a more intelligent interest has been awakened regarding them, due care 
wiU be taken of all Ayrshire examples. To possessors of them in our 
country parishes and villages it may be of some advantage, apart altogether 
from any benefit done to science, to have these relics brought by means of 
the " Collections " under the notice of archaeologists throughout the kingdom, 
competent to judge of the value that attaches to each. Proprietors and 
occupiers of land have it in their power greatly to aid in rendering the 
" Notices " truly representative of this branch of the prehistoric antiquities 
of the county. Let the latter but encourage and advise those likely to 
come upon examples in the course of their daily occupation, not only to 
save them from destruction, but to entrust them temporarily to the 
Secretaries or other ofi&cials of the Association, and good results will follow. 
All who do this can rest assured that the objects will be returned ; or, if 
they so wish, the publicity thus afforded may put the owners in the way 
of obtaining a due equivalent for their property. With the same view, 
it may be here added that materials are being collected for similar 
"Notices " on the Ancient Bronze Implements and Weapons of Ayrshire. 

3. The following are the principal objects recognised by Evans as 
ancient stone implements :- — 

Celts,^ i.e. hatchets, adzes, or chisels of stone, divided by him into 
three classes : — (l) Those merely chipped out ; (2) Those ground or polished 
at the edge only; (3) Those ground or polished over the whole surface. 

1 The BrownldlL celt, figured and described ^ " There can be no doubt as to the deriva- 

below. See The [New] Statistical Account of tion of the word, it being no other than the 

Ayrshire, p. 747. Edinburgh, 1842. A pos- English form of the [doubtful] Latin celtis or 

sible reference to another occurs on p. 337, celtes, a chiseL" Evans's Ancient Stone Imple- 

where, in the notice of the canoes discovered in ments of Great Britain, p. 50. But see also 

1831 in Loch Doon, it is said, " In one of them the same author's Ancient Bronze Implements, 

was found an oaken war club, a battle axe, a Weapons, and Ornaments of Great Britain and 

number of large animal teeth, and a quantity Ireland, pp. 27-30. London, 1881. 
of hazel nuts." 



70 ILLUSTRATED NOTICES OF THE 

Closely allied to the true celts are several forms that have been described 
as picks, chisels, or gouges. 

Perforated axes and hammers, classified by the same authority thus : — 

(1) Double-edged axes ; (2) Implements with the edge at right angles 
to the shaft-hole; (3) Axes with the edge at one end only, the other 
being rounded ; shading off into (4) Axe-hammers, sharp at one end and 
more or less hammer-like at the other. 

Perforated and grooved hammers. 

Hammer-stones, pestles, mortars, and querns. 

Grinding-stones and whetstones, used for polishing or sharpening tools 
and weapons. 

Flint flakes and cores, and implements of flint, such as saws, scrapers, 
drills, knives, and daggers. 

Javelin and arrow heads, also of flint, the latter being either leaf- 
shaped, lozenge-shaped, stemmed, barbed, or triangular. 

Sling-stones and balls, bracers, lance-heads, pins and needles of bone. 

Spindle whorls, discs, slick-stones, weights, and cups. 

Personal ornaments, chiefly of jet, as buttons, necklaces, beads, rings, 
amulets, etc. 

Of most of these stone implements Ayrshire furnishes examples, some 
of them not without interest. As a specimen of what the " Notices " are 
intended to be, four celts and five perforated axes have been selected as the 
subjects of this the first of the series. 

Brownliill Celt. — This fine celt, the preservation of which is due to 
the Eev. D. Ritchie, Tarbolton, in whose possession it has long been, 
was dug up about fifty years ago in cutting a drain on the farm of Brownhill, 
in that parish, by Mr. William Gibson, Tarbolton, whose father was then 
the tenant. The spot is about a mile to the north-west of the village. 
The celt, which was noticed and described by Mr. Ritchie in the Statis- 
tical Account of Ayrshire, is 10^ inches in length, 1^ inches in breadth, 
at the butt-end, and 3 inches in breadth at the cutting edge. Its circum- 
ference towards the middle is 6^ inches. Both ends are rounded. Professor 
A. Geikie, of the University of Edinburgh, who has kindly given the ILtho- 
logical character of almost all the specimens described in this paper, so 
far as he could do so without breaking the surface, considers it to be a 
gray silicious very fine-grained stone, like a whetstone, but of greater 
density. It probably came from a hard silicious band in a metamorphic rock. 



ANCIENT STONE IMPLEMENTS OF AYESHIEE. 



71 



The Brownliill celt belongs to the third of the classes into which these 
implements have been divided, — the polished celts, both surfaces or faces 
being ground or polished over after chipping, so as to leave but two or 
three slight depressions on each of them. This class is further sub- 
divided by Mr. Evans into (1) Those sharp or but slightly rounded at 
the sides ; (2) Those with flat sides ; (3) Those with an oval section ; and 
(4) Those presenting abnormal pecuharities. At the same time, he points 





Fig. 1.— BroTmliill, Tarbolton. Scale 4. 

out that these classes are merely arbitrary, intermediate forms sometimes 
occurring. Judging from the section as engraved, one would place this celt 
in the second of these subdivisions, and this is no douljt its proper place. 
But the side view shows a trace of a sharp line running along the whole 
of the flat portion. The same peculiarity appears, though less distinctly, 
on the side not engraved. 

Seabank Celt.—Fov my knowledge of this celt I am indebted to John 
Smith, Esq., Kilwinning. It was discovered early in 1879 by Mr. John 
Marshall, blacksmith, Stevenston, who found it, he informs me, on the home 
farm of Seabank, about a quarter of a mile south of Saltcoats, and 40 yards 
above high-water mark. Among the sandhdls on Seabank Moor adjoining. 



72 



ILLUSTEATED NOTICES OF THE 



a great number of flints and arrow-heads have lately been met with. The 
celt when discovered was half buried in the sand. It is said that vessels 
coming to Saltcoats for coal from Irish and other ports used many years 
ago to throw out their ballast in the sea opposite that part of the shore ; 
and, as the high water of spring tides would reach almost if not quite as 
far as the place where it was lying, it is not unlikely that the celt may 
have been washed up by the tide. At all events, these circumstances 
throw considerable doubt on its being, properly speaking, an Ayrshire 
example, though they do not exclude it from this list. 




Fig. 2. — Seabank, Saltcoats. Scale J. 

The Seabank celt is, according to Mr. Smith, of dark gray slate. It is 
beautifully polished. Its length is 10 inches, and its breadth at the cutting 
edge 3^ inches. The section of its sides is oval, and towards the butt- 
end it tapers to a point. The cutting edge is symmetrically formed, but 
the one side is slightly rounded and the other hollowed, so as to give the 
celt a somewhat twisted appearance. It is thin in proportion to its leno-th. 

Writing of a celt of this type, but smaller and more regularly shaped, 
said to have been found in Caithness, Mr. Evans says : — " It is so thorouo-hly 
Carib in character, and so closely resembles specimens I possess from the 
West Indian islands, that for some time I hesitated to engrave it. There are, 
however, sufficiently numerous instances of other implements of the same 



ANCIENT STONE IMPLEMENTS OF AYESHIEE. 



73 



form having been found in this country for the type to be accepted as 
British. The celt found at Glasgow, in a canoe, at a depth of 25 feet 

below the surface, was of this kind I have specimens of the same 

type from various parts of France." ^ He adds that the bulk of the celts 
found in Ireland, and formed of other materials than flint, approximate in 
form to this type, though they are usually rather thinner in their propor- 
tions. 

Dairy Station Celt. — The specimen shown in Fig. 3 was found by 




V 



Fio. 3.— Dairy Station. Scale J. 

Mr. James Smith, Dairy, near Dahy railway station, 26 inches below the 
surface, in stratified undisturbed yellow clay mixed with vegetable matter, 
and is now in the collection of Mr. Smith, Kilwinning. It is a poUshed 

^ Evans, Ancient Stone Implements of Great Britain, p. 118. 



74 



ILLUSTKATED NOTICES OF THE 



celt witli flat edges, 7^ inches long, 2-| inches wide at the cutting edge, 
and 1^ inches wide at the slanting butt-end. The faces, instead of being 
flat — or but slightly rounded, slope distinctly towards each of the sides, 
leaving in the middle a ridge of rather less breadth than the sloping 
portions. From the appearance it is diflicult to say whether this is inten- 
tional or whether the grinding of the sides has been left unfinished. The 
stone is of the same character as the Brownhill celt, but not quite so dense. 

Fullwoocl Celt. — Fig. 4 shows a well-shaped, small, polished celt, with 
flat sides. It was found on the farm of FuUwood, Stewarton, and has been 




I'iG. 4. — FulhvooJ, Stewarton. Scale I. 

kindly forwarded to me by Dr. Munro, Kilmarnock, who is unable to 
gather anything further regarding its discovery than that it was picked up 
by a servant Avho was working at the time near the farm-steading. It 
is 4f inches long, 2|- inches across at the cutting edge, but narrowing to 
less than 1 inch at the butt, which is slightly broken. It is formed of a 
rock not unlike the two former specimens, Ixit more distinctly granular 
and more finely micaceous. 

LocMands Axe. — Fig. 5 represents an implement of a difi"erent class — 
the perforated axes. It is the property of John Rankine, Esq., of Beoch, 



ANCIENT STONE IMPLEMENTS OF AYESHIEE. 



75 



near Maybole, througli whose courtesy I am enabled to describe it here. 
It was discovered, he states, in the spring of 1857, on the adjoining farm 
of Lochlands, and near the loch. 

In 1856 the water had been rim off this loch, and the land around 






4 






% 



.-*— '•^, 



r Y. \ 



•i^fe-'^^ 








Fig. 5. — Lochlands, Maybole. Scale J. 

drained with tiles. Whether the axe had been thrown up unobserved on 
the surface during the draining operations, or whether it had been lying 
at no great depth and been disturbed at the time by the plough, cannot 
now be ascertained. But there is no doubt that the spot was more or less 
under water previous to 1856. 



76 



ILLUSTRATED NOTICES OF THE 



The axe, which may be regarded as belonging to the third of the sub- 
divisions given above, is about 8 inches in length and 3f inches wide at the 
butt, which is 2f inches thick and almost straight. The shaft-hole is If 
inches in diameter, and taj)ers inward from the faces, though very slightly. 
The circumference of the middle is 13 inches, and the weight 6 lbs. 3 oz. 
It is formed of diabase or dolerite, belonging to a type of rock found 
intrusive in the central valley of Scotland, and formerly spoken of as 
"greenstone." 





W£ -J^' 



Mi^y^'' 



1 +!«* 3 



Fig. 6.— Moat, Ochiltree. Scale h. 



Moat Axe. — The axe shown in Fig. 6 is of a similar type to the last, 
but somewhat different in form. It has been kindly lent me by Miss Sloan, 



ANCIENT STONE IMPLEMENTS OF AYESHIRE. 77 

and was in the small collection of Ayrshire antiquities formed by her 
brother, the late Dr. Chas. F. Sloan, Ayr, some of which were described 
in a former Volume of the "Collections."^ In the course of professional 
visits that he had occasion to make a good many years ago to Ochiltree, he 
observed it lying on the window-sill of a cottage near the Moat toll, a short 
distance west of the village. After passing it several times, as he used 
humorously to tell, he could " thole " no longer, and one day made bold 
to stop and ask the mistress of the house if he might be allowed to carry 
it off. Her reply was that she could not give him permission to do so 
without first consulting her husband, " as he had put it there." Next 
time he was at Ochiltree the woman came out and cheerfully presented 
it to him. 

Dr. Sloan was under the impression that it had been found by its 
Ochiltree possessor at the Moat, and close to the house where he himself 
got it ; but no particulars have been preserved. It is nearly 7f inches 
in length, 3^ inches thick, and the diameter of the shaft-hole is 2^ inches 
at each face, but narrower in the centre. The circumference in the 
middle is about 13 inches, and the weight 4-| lbs. It is scarcely possible 
to tell what it is made of without . fracturing it, but it appears to he a 
micaceous quartz porphyry. 

Another form of axe-hammer is represented by Figs. 7, 8, and 9, 
all of which belong to the fourth subdivision of the class, and closely 
resemble each other in shape, while two of them at least have accompanied 
interments. 

Fardenreoch Axe-Hammer. — This relic, which has been obligingly sent 
me for these "Notices" by Dr. A. Milroy, KilT\dnning, was found in 1865 
on the farm of Fardenreoch, in the parish of Colmonell, by the proprietor, 
Mr. John Dunlop, at the junction of the Linkumtry burn with the Duisk. 
Both streams had long washed, as they met, the foot of a mound over- 
grown Avith sloe bushes and hazel, which, on being removed in the year 
above mentioned, was found to be a cairn of stones. In the course of 
carting these away, a human skull, teeth, and bones were discovered, as 
well as this axe-hammer. Near the cairn was what has been described to 
me as " a circular pit, of considerable depth, lined with stone." 

' See "Collections," Vol. I. pp. 31-54. 



78 



ILLUSTEATED NOTICES OF THE 



The axe-hammer is 5i; inches long and 2^ inches across at the semicircular 
cutting edge. The circumference round the shaft-hole is 6 inches, the diameter 
of tlie latter being an inch at each face, though less towards the centre. The 
loutt-end, which is rounded, measures about 2^ inches across. The two 






Fig. 7. — Fardenreocli, Colmonell. Scale 4. 



faces are concave, and the weight is 14 oz, 



It is formed of diabase, slightly 
pyritous, which may have come from any of the igneous rocks of the 
south-west of Scotland, 
incrustation. 



On the surface of the axe is a ferruginous 



Cliapelton Axe-Hammer. — The axe-hammer represented by Fig. 8 was 
first described by R. W. Cochran-Patrick, Esq., M.P., in a Notice of some 
Antiquities recently discovered in North Ayrshire, read before the Society 
of Antiquaries of Scotland, and published in their Proceedings, vol. ix. 
pp. 385-387, accompanied with a plate containing woodcuts of it and the 
one to be next noticed. I am unable to add anything to his account of it. 
" This very fine specimen," he says, " was found on the farm of Chapelton 



ANCIENT STONE IMPLEMENTS OF AYESHIEE. 



79 



[in the parish of West Kilbride], occupied by Mr. David Cunninghame, in 
the spring of 1865. From the intelligent description given me by Mr. 
Cunninghame, Junior, who was present at the discovery, I am enabled to 
furnish the following particulars. It was found under a small inverted 
urn, immediately beside a larger urn containing remains of bones, etc. 
The plough broke the top of the larger urn, and in trying to get the 




Fig. 8.— Chapelton, West Kilbride. Scale |. 



remains of it out, by loosening the ground round about it, the smaller one 
was unluckily broken, but the hammer was noticed and j)reserved." 

The Chapelton axe-hammer has since been presented to the Society by 
Mr. Cunninghame, and is now in their Museum. It is 4-| inches long, and 
2^ inches across at the cutting edge. Eound the shaft-hole, the diameter 
of which is 1 inch, it measures 6 inches. The butt- end, where narrowest, 
is |- inch across. The two faces are oval and concave, and round them run 
three parallel lines or grooves. Its weight is scarcely 1 1 oz. The stone 



80 



ILLUSTRATED NOTICES OF THE 



resembles some of the coarse porphyries associated with the lower old red 
sandstone in the central valley of Scotland. 

Montfode Axe- Hammer.— In the same communication Mr. Cochran- 
Patrick gave the following account of another axe- hammer that bears in 




Fig, 9. — llontfode, Ardrossan. Scale -j. 



shape a close resemblance to the one just described : — " It was found," he 
states, " the year before, not a very great distance from where the first was 
discovered, and, like it, is in a high state of preservation. Dr. J. R. Brown, 
of Saltcoats, to whom the hammer belongs, informs me that it was turned 
up by the plough in a field on the top of Montfode Braes, a little to the 
north of Ardrossan, and near the remains of several ancient forts." 

This elegant axe-hammer is nearly 5 inches long and 3 inches wide at 
the cutting edge, and its circumference in the middle is 6 inches. The 



ANCIENT STONE IMPLEMENTS OF AYESHIEE. 81 

butt-end, after narrowing symmetrically, has at its abrupt termination a 
breadth of scarcely an inch. The diameter of the shaft- hole, the sides 
of which, except at the faces, are nearly parallel, is 1^ inches. There is 
a small protuberance or knob on each side opposite the shaft-hole. Both 
faces are oval and concave, and encircled by two lines or grooves. Its 
weight is 12|- oz. The rock is a "greenstone," probably from some igneous 
mass, such as is found intruded into the carboniferous rocks of the district. 

JAMES MACDONALD. 
Ayr, January 1882. 



M 




V. 



KILMARNOCK FUNERAL BELL. 

This Bell, wliicli bears the inscription "Kilmarnock, 1639," has been lq 
the possession of the Town Council from time immemorial, and was used at 
funerals ; it is of bell metal, and measures 8-g- inches in height and 7 inches 
in diameter across the mouth. 

There were old inhabitants living in the Town within the last thirty 
years who remembered seeing it used in their young days on such occa- 
sions. It is not known where it was made, as the records of the Burgh 
now existing do not extend so far back as its date. 



JAMES HAMILTON, Town-Clerk. 




k-'ft..»i';.< iii.;i.Jrit'i^Viii'tiiiVrtflitiii 



■\ir,.,i,L,-Lu>>.>f L-v W ;s-A K .Inhn.^iM,, '.■„lir,h>,rf-ti fe Lulia>..' 



ikdxi of CGallinnan. 



AYR a WIOTOK AHCH'- ASSOC? 1878. 



VI. 
THE HERALDRY OF WIGTONSHIRE. 

PLATE IV.— THE AEMS OF SIK ALAN PLANTAGENET STEWART, 
(SBsxl of 0allobja2 and %axti ©arlteS in the Peerage of Scotland ; 
38arotl Stebjart of 0arlies in the Peerage of Great Britain; and a 
33aronet of Nova Scotia. 

Blazon — 

©r, a fess cljequg, argent antr ajurc, surmounteU of a hm'O enQXRiWa, 
gules, Jjjttfjin a double txtssuxt fiorg^counterflors, of tfie last. 

Crest — ^ pelican in fftx ptetg, proper. 

Supporters — ©exter, a sa&age, toreatljeU about tije i[)eaU ant loins 
Ittttfr laurel, Jjoltitns a clu6 o&er i)ts Irexter sljouHier, all proper: Sinister 
— ^ lion gules, armeli antr langueU afure. 

iHotto — " Firescit faulnere &irtus/' 



VII. 

WOODWORK AT ROWALLAN CASTLE. 

Scotland is famous for its old woodwork, and Eowallan Castle contains many- 
fine specimens of tlie sixteenth, century. From its ricli treasures the accom- 
panying plates have been taken by the kind permission of Lord Loudon. 
They show an oak press standing in the dining-haU of the castle, which is 
constructed in a thoroughly good and sound manner, decorated with rich 
mouldings, and elaborately carved. The enrichments are vigorously cut, 
and are very characteristic of the period they have been executed in. The 
side view shows the end to have been as richly dealt with as the front, 
contrasting strongly with much of our modern woodwork. The press 
measures 3 feet 11 inches across the front, 7 feet 3 inches in height, and 
1 foot 5 inches across the end. From the second plate, which shows parts 
of the press drawn to a larger scale, one can form a good idea of the 
elaborate character of the subject under review. The plates have been 
drawn very carefully from measurements and full-sized drawings taken on 
the spot by Mr. J. W. SmaU, F.S.A. Scot. 

Amongst the other objects in wood worthy of notice are two Ambrys, 
with characteristic moulded and decorated doors ; remains of waU panel- 
ling, showing plainly that tapestry has at one time filled in the panels ; a 
massive extending dining-table, constructed exactly on the same principle 
as one in Holyrood Palace ; an old arm-chair, with the initials S. W. M., and 
date 1612, carved on the back; and a remarkably efiiective outside door, 
enriched with bold carvings, especially in the upper panels. The mouldings 
used throughout are very fine, and many of them are richly carved. These 
examples of woodwork are testimonies to the honest work of the six- 
teenth century, and are worthy of imitation at the present day. 

JOHN POLLOCK. 



VIII. 
HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIRE. 

Holy "Wells are generally in the vicinity of ancient ecclesiastical ruins. 
Not a few of tliem enjoyed, in the Middle Ages, the reputation of being 
under celestial favour. They were visited by pilgrims, even from far-away 
districts, out of devotion, or as an act of penance, or in quest of suj)er- 
natural gifts. For more than a century after the Eeformation they held 
good their renown, and won votive offerings from many a grateful devotee 
— so firm a hold had an old cult on this kingdom. Some of the wells 
were, not improbably, Druidical, that is to say, they had been used by the 
Druids in their worship. " It seems quite certain that the Druids wor- 
shipped at wells ; and for a long time after the death of St. Patrick the 
clergy had to warn the faithful against the traditional Druidical supersti- 
tions at those wells." ^ 

The Penitentiale of St. Cummin, who died in 669, has this canon : — 

Si quis ad arbores, vel ad fontes, vel ad angulos, vel ubicumque, nisi ad 
Ecclesiam Dei vota voverit, aut solvent, tres annos pceniteat, unum in pane et 
aqud ; et qui ibidem comederit aut biberit unum annum. 

The Bobbio Penitentiale, which is Irish, repeats St. Cummin's canon. 
In an Irish Homily, in manuscript of the eighth century, preserved at the 
Vatican Library, is the following sentence : — 

Cum ergo duplicia bona possitis in Ecclesia invenire quare per cantatores, et 
fontes, et arbores, et diabolica filacteria precatorios aurispices et divinos, vel 
sortileges multiplicia sibi mala miseri homines conantur inferre.^ 

1 Bishop Moran's letter, dated 9tli July 1880. 

2 Bishop Moran, in letter dated 9tli July 1880, says : — " I copied these extracts when I was 
in Eome some years ago." 



86 HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIEE. 

It is obvious, from the warnings and discipline of tlie Irisli Church, that 
Pagan rites were observed at wells which had been used by Druids before 
the establishment of Christianity in Ireland, and continued to be practised 
long' after that event. If the Druids had a name and habitation in 
Wigtonshire, which is not improbable, it may be assumed that their sacred 
fountains were exorcised by the Celtic missionaries, who were the earliest 
to raise the Cross in Scotland. This assumption is apparently challenged 
by the discipliae of the Irish Church. Many of its canons were framed 
against certain practices in connection with those springs. It is fair, 
however, not to forget the purpose of those ecclesiastical codes. They 
were drawn up, and put, no doubt, into execution against abuses. It will 
be observed it is chiefly against persons who worshipped at wells instead 
of at church, that the canonical punishments were devised. This is 
noteworthy. Further, even supposing those fountains had been sacred to 
Pagan ritual, the Church did not regard them outside the range of exor- 
cism. The form of blessing a well, according to the Rituale Romanum, 
would imply as much. This is that form : — 

Benedictio Putei. 

V. Adjutorium nostrum in nomine Domini 

R. Qui fecit coelum et terram 

V. Dominus vobis-cum. R. Et cum spiritu tuo. 

Oremus. 

Domine Deus Omnipotens qui in hujus putei altitudinem per crepedinam 
fistularum copiam aquarum manare jussisti prassta, ut Te adjuvante atque bene ^ 
dicente per nostrae officium functionis, pulsis hinc phantasmaticis collusionibus, 
ac Diabolicis insidiis, purificatus atque emendatus hie puteus perseveret. Per 
Christum Dominum. R. Amen.^ 

Mabillon gives a form of blessing a well according to a Bobbio MS.^ 
This document is very ancient ; for, writing of it in 1724, Mabillon stated : — 

Scriptus est codex ante mille annos. 

The venerable MS. which contains the subjoined form is the Missale 
Sancti Columhani : — 

Rituale Romanum Supplemmtum, p. 43, Editio Mechliniae, 1872. 
2 Museum Italicum, torn. i. p. 275. 



HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIEE. 87 

Benedictio super Puteum. 
Domine Sancte Pater Omnipotens Sterne Deus, qui Abraham, Isaac et Jacob 
patres nostros Foederis fodere atque ex his aquam bibere propicia divinitate 
docuistis, Te supplices deprecamur, ut aquam putei hujus ad communis vitae utili- 
tatem celesti benedictione sanctifices, ut fugato ea omni DiaboH tentationis, seu 
pollutionis incursu, quicunque ex ea, deinceps biberit, benedictionem Domini 
nostri Jesu Christi percipiat. R. Amen. 

Dr. Arthur Mitchell confirms what is implied, if not expressed, in the 
above forms, namely, that many Holy Wells were once Pagan. " Many of 
those Holy Wells were objects of adoration before the Christianising of the 
country. The early missionaries, by taking them over as lavers of re- 
generation, believed themselves to be doing wisely in trying to give a new 
direction to the respect paid to them. Their success, however, does not 
seem to have been complete and lasting."^ Superstition held sway at 
those fountains. This may have arisen from the difficulty of abolishing 
established customs, and in some cases because the idea which the mission- 
aries entertained in adapting them to their service had been distorted. 

The following passage from Adamnan's Life of St. Columba shows that 
the Celtic missionaries blessed fountains worshij)ped by the pagans to expel 
the demons and consecrate them for Christian service : — 

" Whilst the blessed man was stopping for some days in the province of 
the Picts, he heard that there was a fountain famous among this heathen 
people, which foolish men, having their senses blinded of the devil, 
worshipped as a god. Por those who drank this fountain, or purposely 
washed their hands or feet in it, were allowed by God to be struck by 
demoniacal art, and went home either leprous or purbhnd, or at least 
sufi"ering from weakness or other kinds of infirmity. By all these things 
the pagans were seduced and paid divine honours to the fountain. Having 
ascertained this, the saint one day went up to the fountain fearlessly, and 
on seeing this the Druids, whom he had often sent away vanquished 
and confounded, were greatly rejoiced, thinking that, like others, he would 
suffer from the touch of the baneful water. The saint then blessed the 
fountain, and from that day the demons separated from the water ; and not 
only was it not allowed to injure any one, but even many diseases amongst 
the people were cured by this same fountain after it had been blessed and 
washed in by the saint. "^ 

1 The Past in the Present, p. 151. 
2 Adamnan's Life of St. Columba, p. 45. 



88 HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIRE. 

Holy Wells, so far as they related to the early missionaries, are Celtic. 
They are the expression of an Irish cult. " I do not know whether there 
was anything peculiarly Celtic in this devotion (Holy Wells), but at this 
day such are found in Cornwall, Wales, and Scotland."^ Bishop Moran, an 
acknowledged authority on Irish Church history, wrote thus : — " Holy 
WeUs seem to be most strikingly Celtic. "^ Ireland abounds in them ; they 
are found all over that country, and frequently in clusters.^ It is remark- 
able they are met with in considerable numbers on the Continent, and in 
those districts of England and Scotland where the Celtic apostles earned 
greatest renown. 

The history of the Church in Ireland, in its earliest stages, may be 
read off from Holy Wells as from the pages of a book.* Their existence 
in Wigtonshire is an evidence of intercourse between the Celtic nation in 
the sister island and on the western shores of Scotland. A Scottish 
antiquary, the late Robert Love of Threepwood, F.S.A. Scot., told me that 
an archaeological discovery in Ireland seldom failed to shed light on the 
history of this kingdom — both lands seemingly having drawn civiHsation 
and religion from the same source. Assuming, not without reason, that 
Holy Wells are, in a Christian sense, a Celtic cult, it may be permitted 
to seek in Ireland for customs and rites in connection with them which 
are disused or forgotten in this realm. Therefore the trysts, fairs, and 
devotions on certain days, at the Irish Holy Wells, were observed at 
the now deserted ones in Wigtonshire. 

Primo, Frequently the wells bore the names of saints. "Some have 
the names of saints attached to them."^ This circumstance arises from 
one or several of the following reasons : (a) either because saints had 
used them in baptizing neophytes ; (6) or had exorcised and blessed them ; 
(c) or had done some notable deed at them ; (c^) or had their cells hard by 
them ; (e) or had been buried near them ; (/) or churches had been reared 
there in their honour. The titles they bore, centuries ago, remain intact 
in not a few instances, despite social and ecclesiastical changes; but too 
often those designations have lost their original form, and are at this day 
manifest corruptions. 

Not names only, but wells themselves have disappeared, having been 

^ Bridgett's Our Lady's Doivry, p. 330. 2 July 9, 1880. 

8 Ossory Archceological Papers, 1880, vol. ii. part i. 

* Cusack's Life of St. PatricJc, passim. ^ The Past in the Present, p. 151. 



HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIRE. 89 

drained by industrious agriculturists. Some loose stones, and the roots 
of trees, mark here and there their sites. The Holy Wells in Ireland 
help to supply the want created in this district — Wigtonshire — by the 
ploughshare. They retain what is lost here. 

Secundo, The Irish Holy Wells are seldom without trees hanging over 
them, on which votive offerings are fastened. This, I think, was the case 
in Wigtonshire, if the following description of St. Enoch's Holy Well, 
taken from Old Glasgoiv, be a respresentative one of those in Scotland : 
" It was shaded by an old tree which drooped over it, and which remained 
till the end of the last century. On this tree the devotees who frequented 
the well were accustomed to nail as thanks-offerings small bits of tin-iron, 
probably manufactured for that purpose by a craftsman in the neighbour- 
hood, representing the parts of the body supposed to have been cured 
by virtue of the blessed spring, a practice still common in Roman Catholic 
countries. The late Mr. Robert Hart told me that he had been informed 
by an old man, a Mr. Thomson, who had resided in the neighbourhood, 
that at the end of the last century, or the beginning of the present, he 
had recollected this well being cleaned out, and of seeing picked out from 
among the ddbris at the bottom, several of those old votive offerings, 
which had dropped from the tree, the stump of which was at that time 
still standing."-' 

I presume, in this particular, the trite quotation ab uno discs omnes, 
may be accepted ; so that, it may be assumed, Holy Wells in Wigtonshire 
were not unlike St. Enoch's Well in Glasgow. Indeed, there are instances, 
as will be seen, showing that the roots of trees still cling to the places 
where they existed in that district. 

Patterns, that is to say Saints' days, and their accompanying 
festivities, are observed in Ireland, Holy Wells being the rendezvous on 
such occasions. I have made enquiries in different quarters, and cor- 
respondents have informed me that Holy Wells, in certain districts, are 
still, on Saints' days, places of meeting. The custom, however, is losing 
its once firm hold on that country. One correspondent gives a vivid 
description of scenes he had witnessed at KilmaHock, County Limerick, half 
a century ago, showing it was not always religion that attracted crowds 
around a Holy Well. It demands but a feeble effort of the imagination, 
helped by the descriptions afforded by letters and other sources of in- 

^ Old Glasgow: the Place and its People, by Andrew Macgeorge, p. 145. 

N 



90 HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIEE. 

formation from Ireland, to repeople the abandoned chapel green on a 
Saint's day in Wigtonshire. The young men of the parish, emulous 
of the reputation of the English bowmen, practised archery yonder ; 
not far from the G-othic portal of the shrine merchants exposed their 
wares for sale ; a dancing -party was here ; and devotees knelt on those 
scattered stones which used to form the fringe of the margin of the well, 
sheltered by a tree, whose branches bore scores of ex votos. 

A writer of the second century gives room for the thought that water 
was not foreign to the mind of the Church. " Nowhere is Christ found 
without water. He is Himself baptized in it. He inaugurates in it the 
first manifestation of His divine power at the wedding -feast of Cana. 
When He preaches. He cries ' If any man thirst, let him come to me and 
drink.' He sums up His whole gift to man under the image of a fountain 
of water. When He gives instruction upon charity, He instances a cup of 
cold water given to a disciple. He sits down weary at a well, and asks for 
water to refresh Himself" ^ 

Certain features which are effaced from the vicinities where sacred 
fountains were in Wigtonshire, may in part be restored by visiting or 
reading about extant wells in Ireland. But it must be owned, even by the 
most enthusiastic student, that the spirit — genius loci— is departed from 
them in Scotland. They are not, however, devoid of interest. Even the 
practices which are, in remote corners of this kingdom, performed at them 
may afford glimpses of the social and religious condition of a far-off Past, — 
those practices being fragments of heathen and mutilated Christian rites. 
It is likely that the spots in Wigtonshire where Holy Wells were, 
marked the route pursued by pilgrims bent on doing honour to the relics 
of St. Ninian at Whithorn. A well, in those days, could not be other than 
a sort of oasis to the wayfarer and the stranger. They may have 
shaped the roads by which the most distant parts of the country were 
linked together. Nor are they without interest to the topographist — being 
custodiers of names interwoven with the districts, and indicating the 
localities in which they are found, for their names, according to a bygone 
practice, were, sometimes, descriptive. Their history, if investigated, might 
fill up, now and then, a hiatus found on the pages of our annals. The list 
of Holy Wells in Wigtonshire, which I here append, is by no means an 

1 Tertullian : — Tract de Baptismo ap Roma Sotteranea. 



HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIEE. 91 

exhaustive one : every parish has some of them, though, in most instances, 
only the faintest traditions, if any, linger around them. Virtue no longer 
goes forth from them ; their sacred character is lost. 



St. Columba's Well, Kiekcolm. 

Strangers will find, not far from Corswell Lighthoiise, "a bubbling 
spring of pure water on a grassy bank not far above high- water mark, which 
bears the name of St. Columba's Well. Pious Eoman Catholics who visit 
the well quaff its waters with some degree of reverence, and a tradition of 
sanctity still lingers about it. There is every reason to suppose that it is 
the Cross-well, or Holy well, which has led to the locality being called 
Crosswell, Corsewell, or Corswell. The association of St. Columba's name 
with the weU is not improbable ; the name of the parish, Kirkcolm, is but 
a corruption of St. Columba's Kirk."^ 



St. Beide's, Kirkcolm. 

This well lies between east, west, and south of Kirkbride. It is remark- 
able for its pure water, which never fails in the driest season. St. Bride 
was one of the most popular of the Celtic saints. ^ 



St. Mary's, Kirkcolm. 

" Near the site of the ancient Kirk, called Kilmorie, on the shore of Loch 
Eyan. It was dedicated to the Virgin Mary. Kilmorie, or the Chapel of 
the Virgin, is near an excellent spring of water, of old esteemed beneficial 
in many disorders. Superstition attached to it the infallible power of 
becoming dry if the patient for whom its water was sought had a mortal 
malady, but of appearing in abundance if the disease was curable."^ 

"St. Mary's Well, into which people used' to dip their dishes, has dis- 
appeared, but the spring of water which supplied it still flows on. Within 
recent years it has been diverted into tiles, and forms a spout well." 



"4 



1 Visitor's Guide to Wigtonshire, p. 111. ^ Statistical Account, vol. iv. Wigton, Kirkcolm. 

2 Bishop Forbes' Kalendar, Feb. 11. * M'llraith's Guide to Wigtonshire, p. 109. 



92 HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIRE. 

St. John's Well, Stranraer. 

Probably in honour of the Evangelist of that name, and not of the 
Baptist. The annual fair of the burgh falls early in May, and on the 
6th of that month is celebrated " S. Joannes apud Portam Latinam." 

St. Patrick's Well, Portpatrick. 

The Ordnance Survey Map indicates the site of this well. It flowed 
where there was a quarry used for the harbour works. The writer of this 
notice heard from two men, John MulhoUand and Owen Graham, dwelling 
at Portpatrick in 1860, that they had seen on the rock beside the well 
what tradition said was the impression of the knees and left hand of St. 
Patrick. 

Besides this well there was another, thus described by Dr. Archibald : 
" There is a large cave, called the cave of Uchtrie Macken, close by the sea, 
near Portpatrick, accessible by sis steps of a stair entering a gate built 
with stone and lime ; at the end of which is built an altar, at least a structure 
after that figure, to which many people resort upon the first night of May, 
and there do wash diseased children with water which runs from a spring 
over the cave, and afterwards they tye a farthing or the like, and throw 
it upon the altar." ^ 

St. Catherine's Well, Stoneykirk. 

This well is on an eminent site near Eldrig Hill. The ebb and flow 
of the tide influence this well. A graveyard formerly lay around or near 
the well. Human bones were found in the ground on which stands the 
threshingmill of Eldrig. The writer of these notes was so informed by 
the son or grandson of the occupant of the farm in 1867. 

St. Meban's Well, Kirkmaiden. 

" From the superstitious observances connected with this spot, it seems 
likely that it was the abode of some Druid or other recluse in times 
prior to Christianity, and in latter times it might have been the retreat of 
some monk, or disciple of St. Medan, who would probably take advantage 

' Further Account anent Galloway, tj>^. 150-51. 



HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIEE 93 

of its locality and reputation to serve his own interested views. To bathe in 
the well as the sun rose on the first Sunday of May was considered an 
infallible cure for almost any disease, but was particularly efiicacious in the 
recovery of back-gane bairns. And till no very remote period it was 
customary for almost the whole population to collect at this spot on the 
first Sabbath of May, which was called Co. Sunday, to bathe in the well, to 
leave their gifts in the cave, and to spend the day in gossiping or amuse- 
ments. The well is a natural cylindrical hole in the solid rock, about four feet 
in diameter and six feet deep, filled with loose stones to about half its depth. 
Eound its mouth are three or four small holes ^ which were used for bathing 
the hands and eyes, while the large one was used for the body generally. 
There is no spring ; the well is kept full by the surf breaking over the rock 
at full tide and spring tides. The inner apartment of the chapel or Co.^ is 
a natural cavity in the rock. The outer is of rude mason work, with a 
door and a window. The walls are greatly dilapidated, and the roof long 
gone. At its best it must have been a mortifying residence. Strangers, 
on a first visit, are still reminded of the custom of leaving a present or a 
gift at departure. A pin, a blade of grass, or a pebble from the beach, are 
now considered sufiicient; though, no doubt, in the days of our hermit, 
more substantial ofi"erings were looked for and bestowed." — (Rev. Mr. 
Lamb, Minister of Kirkmaiden, 1830.) 

" The attendance on the well on Co. Svmday was so general that public 
worship in the parish church had to give place to it. The last minister of 
the parish to whom these superstitious observances proved an annoyance 
was Mr. Robert Callander. He, though not considered a powerful preacher, 
was a pious and good man, and made a point, while in health, of having 
service in the church on that day, even though the congregation were 
small. In May 1799, he, being from infirmity unable to walk on foot 
to the church, ordered his servant lad, before saddling his horse, to go 
and see if anybody was waiting. The lad finding only the beadle, 
precentor, and two others, the old man did not turn out. From that 
period the observance of Co. Sunday rapidly declined. During the last 
thirty years it has scarcely been named." ^ 

1 These tollows are " pot holes," formed by ^ That is cove or cave, 

the action of the waves by rolling about the ' MS. History of Kirkmaiden, jj. 40, by Mr. 

gravel stones and sand in hollow places in the WUliam Todd, schoolmaster, written 1854, in 

rock. ^i^ 80th year. 



94 HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIEE. 

Mr. Todd gives it as his opinion that originally the observances at 
St. Medan's cave had been pagan, and connected with the festival. He 
thinks other wells, etc., had been consecrated by pagan rites. 

MONTLUCK, KlRKMAIDEN. 

" In this gentleman's (Patrick M'Dowall of Logan) land, about a mile 
and a half from the parish kirk, is a well called Montluck ; it is in the 
midst of a little bog, to which several persons have recourse to fetch 
water for such as are sick, asserting (whether it be truth or falsehood 
I shall not determine) that if the sick person shall recover the water 
will so buUer and mount up when the messenger dips in his vessel that he 
will hardly get out dry shod, by reason of the overflowing of the well ; but 
if the sick person be not to recover, there will not be any such overflowing 
in the least. It is also reported (but I am not bound to believe aU reports) 
that in this gentleman's land there is a rock at the sea-side, opposite the 
coast of Ireland, which is continually dropping, both winter and summer, 
which drop hath this quality, as my informant saith, that if any person be 
troubled with chincough he may be infallibly cured by holding up his 
mouth and letting this drop fall therein." ^ 

Peter's Paps, Kirkmaiden. 

" This is a dropping cave. It is the cave to which Symson alludes in 
his large description of Galloway, where he says ' it is reported,' etc. Other 
caves are mentioned, and in rare instances were of late resorted to, but" the 
infallibility of the cure is now very much suspected."^ He refers particularly 
to the " Mniar's Co.," a capacious dropping cave in the Clanyard Mill Croft, 
with large stalactites. The original name, if it had any, is unknown. 

St. Bride's Well, near Kirkbride, Kirkmaiden. 

St. Katherine's Well, Low Dromore, Kirkmaiden. 

St. Mary's or Lady Well, near Looan, Kirkmaiden. 

Chipperdingaj!^, at New England Bay, Kirkmaiden. 

1 Symson's Description of Galloioay, p. 67. ^ Todd's MSS., p. 32. 



HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIRE. 95 

St. Katheeine's Well, Old Luce. 

"This Well is on the edge of the highway, just opposite the Abbey, 
at the foot of a wooded bank. It is called St. Katherines Well When 
the highway was made, about fifty years ago, it was found that pipe tiles 
had been laid to convey the water to the Abbey. The old road to New 
Luce is at the top of the wooded bank, where a cottage bears the name 
of Auchenmanster, that is, the Monastery Field." ^ 

St. Fillan's Well, on the Farm of Kilfillan, Old Luce. 

" St. Fillan's blessed Well, 
Whose springs can frenzied dreams dispel, 
And crazed brains restore." 

" Here a white thorn tree, in the Jerusalem Fey, is supposed to mark 
the site of the old chapel. There had been a village there, and the 
Ordnance surveymen, in digging, found a place where the roof had been 
covered with slates, and marked that spot as the site of the chapel. A 
little way off, in a marshy place on the opposite side of the brook, on 
the South Milton farm, is a well, said to have been the Holy Well of 
the chapel, but I have not heard the name of any saint connected with 
it." ' 

The Lady's Well (1), New Luce. 

On the edge of the Old Port William Eoad, a little to the east, is this 
Well. 

The Lady's Well (2), New Luce. 

" This Well is in a plantation between the highway and the river Luce, 
just opposite the fifth mile-stone from Glenluce." * 

MOCHRUM. 

" This loch is very famous in many writers, who report that it never 
freezeth in the greatest frosts Whether it had any virtue of old I 

^ Rev. George Wilson's letter, 25tli June 1880. ^ Rev. George Wilson's letter, 29th July 1880. 

' Letter from Rev. George Wilson. 



96 HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIEE. 

know not, but sure I am it hath it not now. However, I deny not but the 
water thereof may be medicinal, having received several credible informa- 
tionvS that several persons, both old and young, have been cured of con- 
tinued diseases by washing therein. Yet still I cannot approve of their 
washing three times therein, which, they say they must do ; neither the 
frequenting thereof the first Sunday of February, May, August, and 
November ; although many foolish people affirm that not only the water of 
this loch, but also many other springs and wells, have "more virtue on those 
days than any other." ^ 

Chippeefinian, Mochrum. 

" This is the name always given by the people, but in the Statistical 
Account and Ordnance Survey Map it is called Chapelfinian. The founda- 
tions of an old chapel are close beside it, and the word ' chipper ' seems 
to have been regarded as a vulgar corruption of the word chapel. But it 
is given correctly in the map on the adjoining farm Chippermore, and 
seems to be a form of the Celtic word for a well, found in such names as 
Tobbermore and Tipperary. It is nearly six mUes from Port William on 
the road to Glenluce. On the right hand, about 16 feet from the stone 
fence, the foundations of the chapel are seen, of about 20 x 15 feet, inside 
measure, the walls having been buUt with lime mortar. It has been 
enclosed by a wall or fence, the remains of which are seen about 10 feet 
off at the sides, and 5 at the east end. Two stones at the south-east 
angle, beside an old thorn tree, seem to mark the gateway ; and at the south- 
west, close behind the highway wall, there is a circular hollow edged with 
stones. This seems to have been the well at some early time, and on the 
6-inch map it is marked as a well, with the name in black letter ' Chapel 
Finian Well.' Separated from it by the thickness of the highway fence is 
the waU in its present form, which is a quadrangle built with stones level 
with the surface. A stone on the north side bears an inscription which I 
could not get at for the water. It is a date, cut in Eoman letters which do 
not look old. I am told they were cut by a schoolmaster to give the 
supposed date of St. Finian. The Chapel Fey is to the south, the whole 
being at the foot of a lofty bank of boulder clay which marks the line of an 
old sea-beach, 25 feet above the present sea level. Three miles eastward 

' Symson's Description of Galloway, p. 53. 



HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIRE. 97 

is Loch Brain, and to the north the water of Malzie, which flows from 
Mochrum Loch to the Bladenoch, near Culmalzie."^ 



St. Ninian's Well, Penninghame. 
On the roadside, right hand, going from Newton-Stewart to Wigton.^ 

St. Medan's Well, Glasserton. 

With this well the following tradition is connected : The Lady Medan, 
or " Madana, was an Irish lady of great beauty and wealth, and had resolved 
to devote herself and her substance to the service of God. Sought in 
marriage by many, she rejected all suitors, and they gave her up in despair, 
all save one ' miles nobilis,' to avoid whose importunity she fled to the sea- 
shore, and got on board a little ship with two shields, and landed in the 
Ehinds, on the Galloway coast. There she spent some time in security in 
the performance of works of charity. Upon a rock are to be seen the 
marks of her knees, so constant was she in prayer. ' Miles nobilis,' however, 
found and followed her. Seeing no other means of escape she jumped into 
the sea, and, with two sacred shields, swam to a rock not far from the 
shore. The knight prepared to follow her ; she prayed to the saints and 
the rock began to float, carrying her and her two maids across the bay to 
Femes. When landing, she thought herself safe. The knight, however, 
soon discovered her, and came upon her and her two maids asleep on the 
shore. But the saints who watched over her caused a cock to crow preter- 
naturally loud, and so awakened her. To save herself she climbed a tree, 
and addressed the disappointed ' miles nobilis ' in reproachful terms : ' What 
is it in me that so provokes your evil passions to persecute me thus ? ' He 
answered : ' That face and those eyes ;' upon which, without hesitation, 
she pulled them out and handed them to him. The knight, struck with 
penitence, left her in peace. She could find no water to wash the blood 
from her face, but the saints again befriended her, when up came a spring 
from the earth; which remains," says the legend, " to testify by its medicinal 
virtues the truth of the miracle."^ 

' Rev. George Wilson's letter, 25tli July 1880. 

" Letter, William Black, sexton, Whithorn, May 8, 1880. 

° Lands and their Owners in Galloway, vol. i. p. 505. 

O 



98 HOLY WELLS IN WIGTONSHIKE. 

Chipperheron, Whithorn. 

One mile north-west from Whithorn; called Chapelheron in the 
Government map. 

DANIEL CONWAY, 

St. John's, Port-Glasgow, R.C.C. 

November 24, 188L 



IX. 
EARLY CHRISTIAN REMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 

The stones illustrated in Plates 1 and 2 have long been associated with 
what were apparently the remains of an old chapel, on a site known 
from time immemorial as Machar-a-kill, on the farm of Whitehill, in the 
parish of Dailly, the property of Sir James Fergusson, Bart., of Kilkerran. 
Eegarding this chapel no tradition or authentic record exists so far as 
known. Both in the Old and New Statistical Accounts there is a brief 
notice of it, differing only in this, that the one mentions it in the present 
the other in the past tense.^ In Blaeu's Atlas ^ it is distinctly indicated 
as an existing building, under the name of "Machrymkil." Chalmers,^ in 
his notice of the parish of Dailly, states that " In this parish, Avhich was 
anciently of much greater extent, there were several chapels. There was 
one dedicated to St. Machar, and named from him Machri-kil, which stood 
on a rivulet about half-a-mile north-west from the old castle of Kil- 
kerran, at a place which still bears the name of Maehrikil, where the ruins 
of the chapel are extant." The site itself lies at a considerable height up 
the steep acclivities, to the south of the Girvan. It commands a noble 
prospect, embracing aU the lower portion of the vaUey watered by this 
river, of which, even in the sixteenth century, Buchanan writes, "multis 
amcenis villis cingitur,'"^ and including the major part of the parishes of 
Dailly and Girvan, the Bay of Girvan, and the distant Adsa Craig. 

If the surmise above mentioned be correct, in this lonely spot amid 
the Ayrshire uplands we have an interesting dedication to a well-known 

1 " At the place called Machry-kill, there re- the statement with " there vms a small church or 

main the vestiges of a small church or chapel, chapel," etc., vol. v. p. 384. 
probaMy dedicated to St. Macarius." — Old Sta- ^ Garicta Borealis. 

tistical Account, sub Parish of Dailly, vol. x. p. ^ Caledonia, vol. iii. p. 537. 

53. The New Statistical Account merely varies * Hist. Scot. lib. i. cap. xx. 



100 EAELY CHRISTIAN EEMAINS IN AYESHIRE. 

name in Scottish hagiology. The commemorations of St. Machar lie 
chiefly in Aberdeenshire, where he is notably patron saint of the 
Cathedral, built in massive and enduring granite on the banks of the 
Don. Son of an Irish chieftain, or, as the Aberdeen Breviary^ has it, "ex 
regali germine puer erat natus," he first appears under the name of 
Mocumma or Mochonna. Joining St. Columba in lona, he was educated 
by him, and under the name of Tocliannu-mocufir-cetea, is enumerated as 
one of his twelve disciples or followers, who formed the original family of 
Hy.^ Being ordained a bishop, in conformity with a favourite duodecimal 
arrangement he was sent with twelve companions by St. Columba on a 
mission to Pictavia.^ It is said that he afterwards went with his master 
to Eome, was received by Pope Gregory, who gave him the name of 
Mauricius, in its Celtic form Machar or Macarius, and that he ultimately 
filled the chair of St. Martin as Bishop of Tours. His life is thus summed 
up in the Aberdeen Breviary :* " Sanctum virwn gignit Ibernia, educavit 
ilium Albania, cujus corpus in reverencia Turonensis tenet ecclesia." The 
reasons for connecting his name with this site it would be impossible 
now to discover, but, combined Avith circumstances to be afterwards men- 
tioned, it is highly probable that in the relics now to be described, we 
have the traces of an early Columban cell which has long since passed into 
oblivion. Facts like these only make us regret all the more the destruction 
of the small edifice whose foundations were uprooted at a date so recent 
as 1850. 

The Eev. George TurnbuU, minister of Dailly, who in a local supple- 
ment to Life and Work for January 1881, introduced this subject to 
public notice, has kindly sent me some information Avhich it is desirable to 
place on record, and also a relative plan very neatly drawn to a scale of 
1 inch to 12 feet. After recalling the fact that in the name of the adjoin- 
ing castle and neighbouring localities we are introduced to another Celtic 
saint, S. Ciaran, who has also given his name to the church and parish of 
Kilkieran in Kin tyre, Mr. TurnbuU states — " There was, I believe, another 
so-called font, lying in a corner among the rubbish in the interior of the 
' chapel,' but after frequent inquiries I can find no traces of it. About a 
year ago I got Mr. Couper [the tenant at Whitehill] to make out, or cause 

^ Bub Nov. 12, fol. cliiii. 

2 Reeves's Adamnan, Introd. p. Ixxii., and Notes to Introd. p. 229. 

^ Ibid., p. Ixxii. * Fol. clvi. 




K 

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K 
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< 

o 

w 
o 



,^ 



EAELY CHRISTIAN REMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 101 

to be made out from his recollection, which seemed to be quite distinct and 
definite, a plan of the stones, the chapel, and their relative positions. I 
now enclose it for any use you may wish to make of it. Mr. Couper, 
shortly after he entered on the farm, finding the spot somewhat useless for 
agricultural purposes, and overgrown with scrub, which injured the sheep's 
wool, dug a hole and tumbled the stones of the old chapel into it, and also 
at considerable labour removed the monolith to the old ash, where it would 
be less in the way of the plough, and where it now stands. The missing- 
font was not buried, so far as I can gather, but disappeared in some 
other way. Mr. Couper assures me that none of the stones were hewn, 
they were all rulible, and there was no lettering on any of them. 

" I have been informed on other authority that inside the ruin were a 
number of flat stones, supposed to be tombstones, and it used to be known 
as the ' auld graveyard.' Mr. Couper, however, says that he saw no signs 
of the ground ever having been used for any such purpose. Some of the 
flat stones are said to have been used as ' culverts ' for drains."^ 

In the plan forwarded the small edifice measures 13 feet in length by 
8 feet in breadth, stated in the notice of Life and Work at 9 feet, and the 
walls are shown 18 inches thick. The west end is in a due line with the 
existing ash tree, to the north of which the building is distant 11 feet 6 
inches. The original site of the monolithic pedestal now to be described, is 
set down as being about 80 feet distant from the south-west angle of the 
building, and therefore by so much farther down the slope of the hill. The 
distance which it has been removed northward to its present site is just 60 
feet. Archaeologists will unite in wishing that Mr. Couper had devised some 
means of getting rid of the scrub, or fencing in the site, apart from inter- 
ference with the lithic remains. That the small edifice was built entirely of 
rubble work, with no admixture of hewn stones, and no lettering, tells rather 

^ In answer to further inquiries regarding the The general direction, Mr. Couper assures me, 

small edifice removed in 1850, Mr. TurnbuU was north and south. Mr. Couper made some 

further states, that " the highest part of the wall drains across the site of the chapel. They were 

was between 4 and 5 feet, but in some places made through ' moor band,' and there was no 

it was broken down to the ground. There was indication of graves." With regard to the posi- 

no foundation-course, and nothing special in the tion of the two smaller socket-stones, the missing 

foundation, which was quite shallow. The stone is stated to have lain "midway between 

rubble was what Mr. Couper calls ' water-stone ' the side walls. The cross-carved stone lay near 

or trap, none of it was freestone. There were the end of the building, within the walls. There 

no indications of a door, nor of any support for was fully a foot between them." 
an altar. There were no signs of a window. 



102 EARLY CHEISTIAN REMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 

in its favour as a relic of antiquity. With an attention, all too late for the 
interesting points which might otherwise have been settled, the site has 
been subsequently fenced in, planted, and the cross-carved socket-stone. 
No. 2, replaced within its precincts, beside the monolithic pedestal. Eising 
above the saplings, the only relic of the old site yet in position, there still 
remains the well-grown ash-tree referred to above, peculiar for the return 
of one of its leading offshoots into the parent stem at some height above 
the ground. 

The first of the stones referred to has evidently been the pedestal of a 
very large cross, and is hewn out of a single block of white freestone. With 
exception of a little weathering and other slight injuries, it is still in a very 
perfect condition, measuring 4 feet 2 inches in total height, and 3 feet 6 
inches by 3 feet 3 inches at the base. It is divided or calvaried into three 
steps or stages, and so gradually diminishing until reduced at the top to 3 
feet by 2 feet 6 inches. The socket is rectangular in plan and section, 
2 feet in length by 8 inches in breadth, and about a foot in depth. While 
such are the general dimensions, various irregularities occur, which show 
unmistakably that this pedestal was wrought into its ]Di"esent form with 
little aid from, or reference to, strict architectural or masonic precision, 
such as we might reasonal^ly expect to find called into exercise in what 
must have been for its time an important work of art. 

Making every allowance for alterations due to weathering, it is evident 
that the sculptor of this monolith had not square and level, but his eye only 
to guide him in working out the idea he had in view. There are irregular- 
ities of width in the pl-an, of convexity or bulging in the sides, and of 
variation in the depth of the staging, which prove this in the most marked 
manner. The second or middle stage especially, which is 11 inches deep 
at one angle, instead of being run round horizontally, declines on either side 
until it is at the opposite angle 14 inches in depth. 

Variations like these, evincing a total unacquaintance with the strict 
rules of art, are suggestive of considerable antiquity, and give an extremely 
primitive air to this otherwise noble pedestal, to which its luxuriant coatino- 
of moss and lichen lends an additional attraction. Unity of purpose, com- 
bined with irregularity in execution, forms one of its marked features. It 
may then reasonably be inferred that the cross it was designed to bear aloft 
was not only of considerable dimensions but of very early character. This 
supposition is strengthened by the fact, that while there cannot be the 



EARLY CHRISTIAN REMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 103 

shadow of a doubt as to the original purpose this monolith was intended 
to serve, no notice, no tradition, of the existence of such a cross now 
remains. 

To give a possible clue to its dimensions it may be interesting to compare 
this pedestal at Machar-a-kill with that of St. Martin's cross, lona, hewn out 
of a single block of red granite. In the lona example, the spread of the base 
is greater, the extreme dimensions being about 5 feet by 4 feet 6 inches, 
but with a more rapid diminution, in three stages also, to 2 feet 7 inches, 
by 1 foot 8 inches at the top. The height, however, is nearly one-half less, 
being only 2 feet 6 inches against 4 feet 2 inches.^ The socket of St. 
Martin's cross is 1 foot 8 inches in length by about 9 inches in breadth, 
but the cross itself is tenoned, so that its greatest breadth immediately 
above the socket is 2 feet 3 inches by 10^ inches, and the total height 
nearly 14 feet 3 inches.^ If the cross at Machar-a-kill was also tenoned, it 
may have been over 30 inches in breadth, soaring to an equivalent height ; 
a noble landmark, visible from afar to the storm-tossed mariner across the 
Bay of Girvan. 

Comparison between this stone and other monolithic pedestals both in 
Scotland and Ireland renders it extremely probable that elevation was the 
great object aimed at. While much more expansive, the bases even of the 
largest of the Irish crosses, including those of Tuam and Monasterboice, 
are inferior in height to this Ayrshire example. Out of seventeen mono- 
lithic bases given by O'Neill in his Sculptured Crosses of Ancient Ireland, 
those presenting the closest approximation to it, both in size and propor- 
tions, are the bases of the South Cross at Clonmacnoise, and of crosses at 
UUard and Moone Abbey. The base at Clonmacnoise ^ is similarly staged, 
and is about 3 feet 6 inches high by 4 feet in greatest breadth. The base 
at UUard * is nearly the same height, but only 3 feet in greatest breadth, 
and, together with the Moone Abbey base,^ is not staged, but graduates 
with a plain slope. The latter base agrees within a few inches with that 
at Machar-a-kill, being 4 feet in height and 3 feet 1^ inch by 2 feet 9 
inches at greatest breadth, diminishing to 2 feet 3 inches square at the top. 
Between this base proper and the shaft of the cross there is a pyramidal 

' The granite base of St. John's cross, also in Sir Henry Dryden, Bart.,of Canons Ashby, North- 
one stone, is still smaller in its dimensions. amptonshire, who has made a very accurate sur- 

^ For these hitherto unpublished dimen- vey of the buildings at lona, with their adjuncts, 
sions of St. Martin's cross I am indebted to the ^ Plates 25 and 26. ^ Plate 9. 

careful drawings of the well-known antiquary * Plates 17 and 18. 



104 EARLY CHEISTIAN REMAINS IN AYESHIEE. 

portion, but whether it be in one stone with the base is not stated ; if not 
merely supplemental, it would give the pedestal a total gwasi- elevation of 
6 feet 1^ inch. Like the great majority of the Irish bases, those just 
cited differ from the Scottish example in being richly carved. 

The second stone from Machar-a-kill, of which a view is given in Plate 
2, has evidently been a rough boulder or unhewn block of freestone, and 
measures 2 feet 9 inches by 2 feet 7 inches, and 1 foot 7 inches in depth. 
I first saw it at the Whitehill farm-steading, where it had lain for some 
years, and, curiously enough, during all this time its most distinctive 
feature, the incised cross, had never been observed. The socket, which is 
rectangular in plan and section, roughly hewn, and evidently designed to 
support a moderate-sized cross or other upright stone, is 14 inches in length 
by 8 inches in breadth, diminishing to 7 inches at the ends, and nearly 9 
inches in depth. On what may be regarded as the front of the stone, a 
space has been polished, and upon it there is incised a small Latin cross, 
with a little pit, an inch and quarter diameter, at the intersection. The 
upper arm is entirely defaced, a large piece of the stone at this point being 
broken off as if by a blow or other injury. The breadth at the arms over 
the incisions is 7j inches, and the present length 7-^ inches, representing 
an original total of say 10 inches. The formation of the cross is extremely 
primitive, and it has one noteworthy characteristic, viz. that the broad 
incision marking the general outline is omitted at the foot. At first sight 
this may appear a trivial distinction, but it is really of importance as 
indicating a change, or at least variation of idea in the formation of the 
symbol, and being a presumptive mark of a very early date. In the great 
bulk of incised work proper, it is by a circumscribing line or series of lines, 
quite continuous and more or less sharply cut, that the idea of the cross 
is suggested or conveyed ; here it is the internal space, which the broad 
irregular groove surrounding it merely places in relief, and the reason for 
the discontinuity of the groove or line at the foot of the cross is obvious. 
It represents the ground on which the cross in relievo is supposed to stand. 
In the one case then linear continuity is essential to the completeness of 
the symbol, in the other case it is at variance with it ; and in the present 
instance instead of being incised in the strict sense of the word, we have 
really a cross in relief, with the space surrounding it only partially cleared 
away, or just sufficiently so to indicate the general outline. 



EARLY CHRISTIAII REMAINS IN A.YRSHIRE 



Plate IX. 




J'.-,J"-- 



ELEVATJOIT 



L 



IFooi 



STOHE FROM MACHAR-A-KILL. 



It; 



>' 






* 4. ^ 








:? T 



/: .^ 



^■^jitii^ 







W Gallo^vay, Mens ei dei 



Wa.!.erBton i. Sos s, T.ilii'^^ Ecin.- 



INCISED STONE FROM MACH AP -A- KILL 



Aw t VJ'ic-Toa Arch"- AjsoC 



EARLY CHRISTIAN REMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 105 

All these questions of line versus space, and also of sunk space versus 
raised space, are fully illustrated in a very curious, and indeed unique, 
group of stones described by me in the Proceedings of the Society of 
Antiquaries of Scotland} They occur in a long disused burying-ground, 
in the heart of a wood, on the west side of Loch Caolisport. Two features 
distinguish it from the great majority of West Highland burial-places : — 
1. An entire absence of the recumbent slab, all the stones without exception, 
even when of large dimensions, having been designed for headstones, 2. 
An entire absence of the ornamentation so common, and indeed all but 
universal, throughout these districts. Out of eleven stones, most of them 
carved on two, one of them on four sides, only one is distinctively ornamented. 
With this exception the subject of the carvings is the symbol of the cross, 
in ever-varying forms and modes of representation, some of them not to 
be elsewhere cited in Scotland. The same remark applies to the decoration 
referred to, which is of a very delicate and graceful character, much more 
akin to Irish than Scottish examples. The probability is that this 
burying-ground was practically disused from a very early period, and 
has come down to us as a relic from Dalriadic times, a supposition to 
which its distance of only a couple of miles from the cave -chapel and 
church dedicated to St. Columba at Cove lends additional interest. Out 
of the varied forms in which the cross is represented on these eleven stones 
six instances occur of a treatment analogous to this stone at Machar-a-kill, 
the symbol being represented either by a broad groove discontinued at the 
foot, or with the surrounding surface more or less partially cleared away, 
and marking in a most interesting manner the transposition of ideas 
between the cross carved in relief (ground inclusive) and in intaglio. 
The cross carved in the living rock, on the side of the cave-chapel at Cove, 
equally illustrates the principle in question. It is of the Latin form, still 
sharp and perfect in detail and tooling, 6^ inches in height, by 5^ inches 
over the arms. Except at the foot the rock-face around it has been hewn 
away to an irregular outline, just sufficient to exhibit the cross statant in 
bold relief The line indicative of ground is straight, save on the right, 
where care has been taken to avoid encroaching on an incised cross still 
earlier, and more rude in its formation. As showing the rarity of this 
special form, it may be mentioned that in neither of the two volumes of 

1 First Series, vol. xii. part 1. pp. 32-58. 
P 



106 EARLY CHEISTIAN EEMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 

the Sculptured Stones of Scotland are equally primitive examples given. 
Instances do occur in upright slabs, where incised lines terminate indefinitely 
towards the foot of the stone/ or where the cross carved in relief merges 
into some more or less definite support, but in both cases with a marked 
absence of the archaic character exemplified in those just cited. 

The existence of the small incised cross may, as an apparent redun- 
dancy, at first sight appear to militate against the supposition of this stone 
having been intended to support a standing cross. A cognate example 
of a later and more ornate character occurs, however, at the Collegiate 
Church of Sempill, Lochwinnoch, Eenfrewshire. It is locally termed 
" the font," and is an octagonal stone decorated with a large bead or roll 
moulding on all the angles. The socket is of exactly the same character 
as this one at Machar-a-kill, and is roughly tooled internally. The 
stone has evidently formed the top of an octagonal stepped pedestal, 
carrying an ordinary wayside or churchyard cross. But the curious thing 
is that the Latin cross, carved in relief, and subject to various decorative 
modifications, forms a prominent feature on five out of the eight sides, 
the others, with no apparent reason, being left blank. The church itself 
was founded by John, first Lord Sempill, in 1505, and erected shortly 
thereafter. O'Neill also represents the South Cross at Kilklispeen as having 
a Latin cross carved centrally in relief on each side of the base, the spaces 
on either side being filled in with animals.^ 

Assuming the missing stone to have been also a socket-stone, a note- 
worthy point in connection with this site is the multiplicity of crosses which 
appear to have been congregated on it, probably indicating a centre of pil- 
grimage. This feature is of frequent occurrence in Ireland. Of crosses 
within the same churchyard O'Neill gives at Kilklispeen two (traditionally 
three), Ullard three, Monasterboice three, Clonmacnoise three, KUkeeran 
two, Kells two ; and in Scotland we may add lona (Abbey) three. 

The remarkable stone given in Plate 3 was discovered in November 
1875 on the lands of Prieston (Priest's Stone or Priest's Town?), now 
included in the farm of Garnaburn, in the parish of ColmoneU, the property 
of the Eight Hon. the Earl of Stair. When found it was quite perfect, but 
unfortunately the bowl or cavity was considerably fractured before the 

^ Vide vol. ii. pi. liii. Ivi. Ixviii. 
^ The Sculptured Grosses of Ancient Ireland, Plates 4 and. 5. 



EARLY CHRISTIAN REMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 



Plate III 




WjmiK^^^-fr .if/7/ 










"W Ga]low3y Mens et -^el. 



Wat^rE^on t Sons, Lilk^=' Edm- 



STONE FROM COLMONELL, - KOW AT BARGANY 



Ayh * WicTOB Arch'- Assoc" 188! 



EARLY CHEISTIAN REMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 107 

removal of the stone in 1877 to Bargany, where it is now carefully pre- 
served in the grounds attached to the house. In its original state it has 
evidently been a compact porphyrite boulder of exceedingly hard and 
durable quality, and still exhibits to a great extent the worn and striated 
surfaces, the result of ice-action and other erosive agencies. Unfortunately, 
in exhuming it from the spot where it had lain so long buried, it was 
deemed expedient to remove, to a considerable extent, the lower portion of 
the stone, and here the fracture is characteristically sharp and angular, present- 
ing a curious contrast to the older surfaces. The present dimensions of the 
stone are 3 feet 5 inches in length and breadth, by 1 foot 9 inches in depth. 
The upper portion of this boulder has been utilised in a very singular 
fashion, so as to form a large bowl-shaped cavity, rising up with a distinct 
and independent necking, a large portion of which was destroyed subse- 
quent to the discovery of the stone. This bowl is 14 inches in diameter 
one way, by 15 inches the other way, but probably 16 inches when 
unfractured, the extreme depth from the unbroken edges or lip being 8 
inches. The necking, about an inch in thickness, rises externally two 
inches above the stone, which, round the entire circumference of the bowl, has 
been carefully hewn down with a curved section, to a breadth of about 3 
inches. The interior of the bowl is striated horizontally to a considerable ex- 
tent, and also traversed by various faults or lines of cleavage. Beyond these 
unmistakable traces of human workmanship, the stone presents no indication 
whether the object it served was secular or sacred, and in the absence of 
any such criteria it were vain to speculate as to its origin or use. At the 
same time it is evident that unless there were at the first some natural 
feature to suggest or aid in the formation of this peculiarly-fashioned bowl, 
the labour of hewing it, and especially the projecting necking, out of so 
hard a material must have been very great. Such cavities, artificially 
formed for the preparation of grain, are by no means unfrequent either on 
boulders or the native rock ; but if merely designed for daily use and so 
domestic a purpose, that the stone should have been hewn away so far 
below the lip or edge of the bowl it is difiicult to believe. 

E. Inglis, Esq., Lovestone, factor on the Bargany estate for the Eight 
Hon. the Earl of Stair, and Mr. Henry Dougan, farmer, Garnaburn, have 
kindly communicated to me some interesting information regarding the 
circumstances under which the stone in question was found. It appears 



108 EARLY CHRISTIAN REMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 

that the present farm of Grarnabum includes a number of what were 
formerly small holdings or possessions, and it is to one of these that the 
name Prieston applies. The lands so named lie on the north bank of the 
Stinchar, near Colmonell. Mr. Inglis states — "I have gone back to 1768, 
and the lands are at that time described as ' Prieston ' and ' Priestcraig,' 
but being let with other lands I cannot find out their extent, but the pro- 
nunciation still remains the same ;" and further, " The lands of Prieston are 
of a dry gravelly nature, but the hollows are of a deep rich loam, and the 
stone, when accidentally discovered in ploughing the land, would be about 
nine inches or so under the surface, and as near as possible in the position 
in which you saw it at Bargany [i.e. with the bowl or cavity uppermost], 
to which place it was removed in 1877. Of course it was supposed by the 
ploughman to be an ordinary granite boulder which the plough had touched, 
but when Mr. Dougan discovered its character, he was at some pains to 
preserve the basin entire, but being put down on the side of the public 
road the basin unfortunately got chipped in the way you saw it. From 
what I have said it could not be known to exist in the district, but it is 
somewhat singular that it was found on the lands of Prieston." 

Mr. Dougan also informs me that the stone was found in a hollow 
about three hundred yards from the Stinchar, and that about eighty yards 
distant from the stone itself he raised what appeared to be the foundations 
of an old farm-steading. The land had been under cultivation for a long 
time previously, but he was ploughing a great deal deeper than his prede- 
cessor had done, and raising all the stones touched by the plough. The 
stone was resting on blue till, with an accumulation of from three to 
three feet and a half of loam atop, at least this was the depth of the hole 
out of which the stone was removed. In removal there would be about 
a cwt. broken off it, and in all probability there would have been still more, 
"but it was very hard and difficult to break." Mr. Dougan also states 
that the bowl when found was almost perfect, except a small chip or two 
broken off' by the plough ; and that the stone lay about a year on the 
roadside, " and curious people broke small pieces off" the basin during that 
time." It was subsequently taken possession of by an adjoining proprietor, 
and was only recovered by the Earl of Stair with some difficulty. 

WILLIAM GALLOWAY. 



EAELY CHRISTIAN REMAINS IN AYRSHIRE. 109 

That the relics now described are of the Early Christian Period may 
be safely admitted. The following letter from Mr. Joseph Anderson, 
Assistant-Secretary to the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, addressed to 
Mr. Cochran-Patrick, M.P., gives all that can be said about them in our 
present state of knowledge : — 

November 11, 1881. 

Dear Sir — I tave to thank you for sending me proofs of the three plates of Early 
Christian Remains in Ayrshire, which are to form part of the Third Volume of the Ayr 
and Wigton Association's Collections. 

They are exceedingly interesting, and your Association is doing an admirable and 
much-needed service to the archaeology of Scotland by the discovery and publication of 
hitherto undescribed, or imperfectly described, objects of this nature, as well as by the 
systematic investigation of the remains of remote times. 

The stone from Machar-a-kill, with the rectangular cavity in the top, is, in my opinion, 
certainly the pedestal of a standing cross. Although I cannot at this moment point to 
any pedestal completely resembling it, yet it has much of the character of those of the 
larger and earlier crosses at lona, and more closely resembles several of the Irish examples, 
which are usually hewn out of a single block of stone, and formed in three stages with 
slightly sloping sides and corners. 

But the unhewn block from the same place, with the circular cavity on the top, and 
the rude cross on the side, is not so easily disposed of. The cross is not of the distinct- 
ively Celtic form, and may be either very early or very late. The hollow on the 
top might answer either for that of a font or that of a knockin'-stane for preparing 
pot-barley. In either case it appears that the stone has been much worn on its upper 
surface since the cross was carved upon it, the upper limb being almost obliterated. I see 
no objection to its being a knockin'-stane, signed with the cross, to bless the barley 
prepared in it. If there was a religious settlement at Machar-a-kill, there would probably 
be a knockin'-stane as well as a font. I must add, however, that I know no knockin'- 
stane so signed with the cross ; and I am equally unable to produce an instance of a font 
so rude in character. I am aware that several such stones with circular cavities have 
been described as fonts, because the describers have conjectured them to have been early 
baptismal basins ; but I am unable to adduce at present an absolutely authentic instance. 

The stone from Colmonell, though equally rude in its general aspect, presents more of 
the apparent character of a rude font and less of the essential character of the knockin'- 
stane. The ring round the central cup recalls the form of the cup and ring sculpturings. But 
I know nothing like it, and we must be content to wait until some others are found before 
we can assign it to its proper place in the series, whether of Pagan or of Christian 
antiquities. It is certainly more like a font than anything else, but I know no fonts of this 
special form. It is quite possible, however, that it may be a local form, and it would there- 
fore be all the more interesting if others of the same character were to be found, now that 
the attention of the members of the Association has been directed to the subject. — I am, 
dear sir, yours truly, Joseph Anderson. 



X. 

THE BOYD PAPERS. 

INTRODUCTION. 

The Boyd Papers have remained in the custody of the town -clerks of 
Kilmarnock from the period of the attainder of the last Earl of Kilmarnock 
for accession to the Rebellion of 1745. A selection of these papers was 
published in the Miscellany of the Ahhotsford Club, Vol. I., and some of 
them are to be found in the Memorials of the Montgomeries. Such of the 
papers already printed as are of special interest have been transcribed, and 
others have simply been noted. ^ 

The Boyd Papers, which cover a period of over one hundred years, are 
specially interesting as showing the rapid rise of the Boyd family to 
influence and wealth and their equally rapid fall. 

Lord Boyd was created a peer towards the end of the reign of 
James 11,^ and through his influence, his brother, Sir Alexander Boyd, was 
appointed instructor in the art of chivalry to the youthful James TIL 
Their ambition, however, aimed somewhat higher, and fortifying themselves, 
after the custom of the time, with a band,^ they hazarded the audacious 
enterprise of seizing the young King's person. While at a Court held at 
Linlithgow on 9th July 1466, the King was required by the Boyds and 
their friends to accompany them to Edinburgh. It does not appear that 
any violence was used, probably none was necessary, but that the 

' It has not been thought necessary other- and Lord Angus ; all of which ■will be found in 

wise to refer to the follomng bands between the the first vol. of the Ahhotsford Miscellany. 

Boyds and the Lairds of Kelsoland, Bichoptown, ^ Crawfurd's Officers of State, p. 313. Douglas's 

CauldweU, Kylbimy, Fargushill, Lochrig, Eou- Peerage, Second Edition, ii. 32. 

aUane, Arroquhair, Cambustrodan, Blair, Cul- ^ Printed in Tytler's Hist, of Scotland, vol. iv. 

lellan, Ryisholm, and Assloss, William FarUe, App. p. 404. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. Ill 

conspirators had grave fears as to what might be the ultimate consequences 
of their exploit is proved by the anxiety they displayed in the endeavour 
to secure their safety. At a Parliament, held at Edinburgh on 13th October 
following, the King is made to declare that he had conceived no indignation 
against Lord Boyd and the others, and that no prejudice should, in future, 
arise to them on account of that raid, and this declaration was confirmed 
under the Great Seal. The highest honours were now within the reach of 
Lord Boyd ; he was at once appointed governor of the King, his brothers, 
and the royal fortresses, during the minority ; while his eldest son was 
shortly afterwards raised to the Earldom of Arran and united to the 
Princess Mary, sister of the King. The power of the Boyds was, how- 
ever, destined to be of short duration. In 1469 the mind of the King was 
alienated from them ; they were tried and found guilty of treason in respect 
of the raid at Linlithgow, and their lives and estates were forfeited. Lord 
Boyd only escaped from death by timely flight, while Sir Alexander, 
notwithstanding the King's former affection for him, was beheaded on the 
Castle-hill of Edinburgh. The Earl of Arran, who was at this time 
engaged in escorting home the royal bride, received warning from his wife 
of the fate in store for him and fled with her to Denmark. At the 
command of the King, however, the Princess Mary was compelled to leave 
her husband ; and a divorce was obtained on the flimsy pretext, it is 
supposed, of a prior contract to the Lord Hamilton. During the lifetime of 
the Earl of Arran the Princess is said to have been confined in Dean 
Castle,^ and after his death she was married to Lord Hamilton. 

The family fortunes were to a considerable extent retrieved by Eobert, 
fourth Lord Boyd, who was for many years the faithful friend and trusty 
counsellor of Mary Queen of Scots. 

It only remains to add that the plates of Dean Castle,^ the ancient 
seat of the Boyds, were presented hy the late Duke of Portland, and 
that the architectural description which follows is from the pen of 
Mr. Galloway. 

' Grose's Antiquities, ii. 214. almost environed vith gardens, orchards, and a 

2 Called also Kilmarnock Castle : Pont says : parke, it belonged first to ye Locartts, Lordes 

" KiUmernock Castle, it is a staitly faire thereof, then to the Lord Soulis, and now the 

ancient bulding arysing in tuo grate heigh cheiffe dnelling almost for 300 zeirs of ye Lords 

towers and bult arround courtewayes vith fyne Boyde."— Dobie's Pontes Guninghame, pp. 292, 

low buldings. It {sic) is veill planted and 293. 



DEAN CASTLE. 

Dean Castle, the ancient seat of the Earls of Kilmarnock and their prede- 
cessors, is beautifully situated at the meeting of the Borland and Craufurd- 
land Waters, about a mile distant from the town which gave its title to the 
Earldom. Surrounded on nearly every side by gentle acclivities clothed 
with wood, the only open prospect is towards the south-west, where through 
a small valley, partly pasture -land and partly arable, the streams just men- 
tioned meander in united strength, the name being now changed to 
"Kilmarnock Water." At the head of this valley the venerable ruins 
stand out prominently from their dark investiture of trees, and with a fore- 
ground full of browsing cattle or glinting water form a scene delighting the 
eye with its quiet and sequestered beauty. The castle is now the property 
of the Duke of Portland, and, maintained in good repair, mantled with ivy, 
its grim walls rising amid all the amenities of a well-kept garden, this 
ancient stronghold bids fair still to last for many a day in green old age. 
The ruins really comprise two distinct buildings, structurally independent, 
and referable to very different periods of time. There is first of all what 
may appropriately be designated the keep, forming, per se, the original 
castle, the true fortalice of the feudal chief, where he held his state and 
exercised baronial sway. It is a plain quadrangular mass, about 38 
feet by 5 3 feet, with walls from 8 to 9 feet thick, and a sheer vertical height 
of 62 to 63 feet from the ground to the raggled top of the battlements, or 
81 feet in all to the top of the chimney copes. Investing as it does this 
keep with an air of high antiquity, the first peculiarity which cannot fail to 
strike the observer is its evident adaptability for passive rather than active 
defence ; the mere inert resistance of strong walls giving no inlet or point 
of vantage to the foe. The external aspect is thus stern and forbidding in the 
extreme, but internally the building has been admirably adapted to its 
purpose, and must have contained a large and varied amount of accommo- 
dation, increasing in comfort, and in facilities for light and air, in precise 
ratio to its height above the ground. 

The recognised entrance to the Great Hall, accessible by an external flight 
of steps, is certainly not the original one, and is not older probably than some 
of the more recent additions to the adjacent building. The true entrance, 
or rather entrances, must be sought for at what is now the back of the forta- 



DEAN CASTLE. 113 

lice, but which, must at the first have fronted to the north-east, and have no 
doubt been protected at this point by advanced works. On the ground floor 
a low-browed arched doorway, 3 feet 9 inches wide by 5 feet 6 inches high,^ 
gives access to a vaulted passage 10 feet in height, over 4 feet ia width, 
and 8 feet in length. The door has been hinged to the left hand, and imme- 
diately behind it, on each side, will be noticed the square holes through 
which a strong back-bar was drawn. On the right may also be noticed a 
small recess, about 16 by 19 inches, for the deposition of a lamp or the keys. 
At the farther end of the passage a door of similar construction to the outer 
one gives access to a vaulted apartment 19 feet by 15 feet 6 inches, with 
two roughly formed recesses or aumbries on its southern side. Through a 
partition- wall about 2 feet thick, a doorway of the same width as the others, 
but only 5 feet high, and with the arch formed of two stones jointed 
in the centre,^ conducts into the kitchen, an apartment of the same 
dimensions as the last, the central area of the keep, about 19 feet by 33 feet, 
with a barrel- vault 11 to 12 feet high, being exactly bisected by the wall 
mentioned. At the farther extremity is the fireplace, which is somewhat 
peculiarly formed. It is about 7 feet 2 iuches wide, gradually contracting 
with a circular back to the depth of 5 feet 7 inches. This vacuity goes 
right up to the vault, but at the height of about 5 feet 3 inches above the 
floor, and 2 feet 8 inches back from the face of the wall, a lintel 2 feet deep 
and 3 inches thick is inserted, the major portion of the space above it being 
filled in with a large stone of the same thickness, but 3 feet deep. An 
examination of the wall on the outside shows there is a small opening at 
some height above the ground, communicating with the vent above this 
fireplace. It can scarcely have served for the admission of light, but may 
have been inserted to quicken the current by a supply of external air, and 
so assist the more speedy exit of the smoke. In neither of the vaulted apart- 
ments mentioned is there the slightest provision for light, so that even 
during the daytime the inmates must have been entirely dependent upon 
their cruisies, or on the fitful gleams shot from the burning logs or 
smouldering peat on the kitchen hearth. 

The present access to the kitchen is from a doorway to the south, but it 
is by no means Hkely this opening was formed at an earlier period than that 
to the Great HaU above. That it is not original is evident, as there is a com- 
plete change in the style of masonry in the ingoing, compared with the rest 

y Vide Plate 6. ' Ibid. 

Q 



114 DEAN CASTLE. 

of the interior walling. For about 8 feet up from the floor, or to the spring 
of the vaulting, the walls are built of large massive stones laid pretty 
regularly, while the vault has been turned in long thin stones. If the 
doorway had been original, the likelihood is the same style of masonry as 
appears in the rest of the walls would have been carried round the two 
sides of the passage-way cut through the thickness of the wall. Instead of 
this we find it faced up on both sides with comparatively small stones, which 
form an awkward junction with the larger masonry at the internal angles, 
very unlike the carefully hewn masonry which everywhere else protects 
exposed or salient angles in the rest of the building. 

Eeturning to the entrance passage, it may be mentioned that there is a 
considerable space to the right, to which until recent years there was no 
access from the ground floor, but as it forms an appendage rather to the 
floor above, I reserve for the present any further remarks. To the left, in 
the passage, a doorway opening outwards gives access to a narrow and 
tortuous stair, forming the only means of communication between the 
ground floor and the rest of the castle. It is difficult to believe that this 
stair was so formed otherwise than with a view to defence, and to increase 
the difficulties of assault in the event of hostile entry being obtained to the 
passage below. For service, especially between the kitchen and the Great 
Hall, nothing can have been more awkward. An enlarged plan of the 
stair is given with the supplementary details in Plate 1. The full height 
to be ascended is 16 feet, and there are 21 steps, arranged in three flights, 
giving an average of 9 inches in height to each step, some of them being 
however a foot in depth. The treads are in proportion equally narrow, and 
what with the variation in the position of the steps, and the perfect dark- 
ness, ascent even at any time is by no means easy ; while to an enemy 
powerless to use their weapons in so narrow a space, and exposed to the 
full vengeance of an armed force above, the task would be almost insur- 
mountable. In the first flight there are eight wheel-steps, forming a 
quarter circle, and terminating on the side of the staircase, a short flight of 
six steps then brings us to a narrow landing and turn in the stair, from which 
a flight of seven steps nearly at right angles to the other conducts to the top. 
At this point a doorway, only 20 inches wide and 4 feet 6 inches high, gives 
access to a long narrow apartment, 14 feet 6 inches in length by 4 to 5 
feet in breadth, which may be looked upon as a guard or service chamber, 
as the case might be, and no doubt served both purposes. It is lit by two 



DEAN CASTLE. 115 

openings, respectively 1 foot, and 13^ inches high, and 5 inches wide. From 
this chamber a doorway, of the same height as the last and only 2 inches 
wider, gives access to a narrow landing, conducting to another doorway, 2 
feet 2^ inches wide, close to one angle of the Great Hall. From this 
landing three steps, one of them forming the top of the stone bench, go 
down to the level of the hall floor. Such, until say the seventeenth century, 
were the arrangements connected with the ground floor of this Castle, and 
the only internal means of access from it to the floors above. 

Eeturning to the outside of the Castle ; directly over the doorway already 
described, the outline of a large arched opening will be seen, which must 
have been built up for a very long period. There can be no doubt that, 
just as the doorway below gave entry to the basement story, so was this 
the original entrance to the principal floor of the Castle. The height from 
the ground floor to the sill or threshold of this doorway is 13 feet 6 inches, 
corresponding exactly with the floor -level of the hall. By what means 
access was obtained to it can now only be conjectured; no trace of a stair 
remains, but most probably there would be an outwork from which a 
wooden bridge might be laid, capable of being elevated at pleasure. On 
either side of the doorway, indeed, the rybats have been cut back in a 
sloping form, as if to furnish rests for some timber construction ; but as to 
how this opening was got at there is very little evidence to found upon 
either way. The doorway itself is 3 feet 3 inches in width by about 7 feet 
high. Like all the large windows above of original formation, there is a 
check about 4 inches in depth and as much in breadth carried round it ; so 
that the full width externally is 3 feet 1 1 inches by nearly 8 feet. So 
carefully has it been built up, that, if we except the fact of the masonry at 
the sides and vaulting passing onwards into the thickness of the wall, 
there is internally no trace of its existence ; and it is only from the 
built-up outline on the outside that we are enabled to judge of its original 
character.^ I have been thus particular in the description of this doorway, 
as it involves the recovery of a fact in the history of the building which 
seems to have been entirely lost sight of It gave entry to a small passage 
somewhat similar to that beneath. On the left a door 2 feet 3 inches 
mde leads to the turnpike stair conducting to the upper floors of the 
Castle, and which seems to have contrasted favourably with that leading 
to the basement story. The well is over 7 feet in diameter, and the 

^ For illustrations of this doorway see Plate 6. 



116 DEAN CASTLE. 

steps broad and easy, although, unfortunately, very few of them now 
remain. On the right in the entrance passage is a small apartment 5 feet 
6 inches in width by 10 feet 9 inches in length, lit by a small opening 
similar to those in the guard-chamber. In the centre of this apartment 
is a man-hole, 1 foot 10 inches square, and passing through a thickness 
of 5 feet of solid masonry. It has been carefully built at the sides, and 
at the top has a chack 2^ inches broad by 1^ inches deep, for the insertion 
of a flagstone or trap -door. This man -hole conducted to a dungeon 
below, and formed indeed the only means of access to it. The floor of 
the dungeon was on the same level with the rest of the basement story, 
and the space itself about 13 feet 10 inches in length by 4 feet 10 inches 
in breadth, and about 8 feet 6 inches high. The full depth from the 
floor above was thus about 13 or 14 feet, through which space the prisoner 
would have to be dropped vertically by means of ropes or other appliances. 
The only means of supplying light or air was through a small orifice 8 
inches by 2^, conducted in a slanting direction through the thickness of 
the wall, from a height of 14 feet above the dungeon floor. To any one 
incarcerated within its walls escape from this living tomb must have been 
literally impossible ; he was entirely at the mercy of his captors ; solid 
walls surrounded him on every side, while death by starvation might take 
place without the slightest hope of relief. The only means of egress was 
by the man -hole and trap overhead, and without external aid to the 
immured any attempt at escape would be utterly vain.-^ At the further 
extremity of the apartment above there is a small recess in the wall, which 
may have served the same purposes as that in the ground floor passage. 

Eeturning to the passage, an arched doorway 3 feet in width by 6 feet 
5 inches in height opens directly into the Great Hall, a noble apartment, 
over 38 feet in length by 22 feet in breadth, with a fuU semicircular or barrel 
vault, about 26 feet in height from the floor to the crown. Close to the 
angle on the left is the door already mentioned, with its ascent of three 
steps, communicating with the tortuous stair to the basement floor. At 
the further extremity is the flreplace, which strikes one as being very 

' A section through this dungeon, illustrating basement wall of the Castle, and, by a strange 

the features mentioned, is given in the supple- irony of fate, this whilom dungeon, stripped of 

mentary details, Plate 1. Unfortunately for all its horrors, now forms a very cool and con- 

the romance of the place, at the cost of great venient milk-house ! 
labour a doorway has been broken through the 



DEAN CASTLE. 117 

small for the size of tlie apartment. It is only about 4 feet 8 inches wide 
by 3 feet deep, and 4 feet high from the floor to the under side of the 
lintel. The lintel with the masonry above it is gone, so completely 
exposing the course of the vent, and also that from the kitchen. The 
masonry of this fireplace has been carefully dressed, but it is very plain, a 
simple roll moulding being the only decoration. It is a curious fact that 
the undermost stone on the north side has been at the first building 
turned upside down, the chamfered stop being above, and the continuation 
of the roU below, instead of vice versa. At the same extremity of the 
haU there has been on either side a window of some size, with a large 
internal bay, elevated above the general level of the floor, and benched on 
both sides. The most perfect is that remaining on the north side, a plan 
of which is given to a larger scale in the supplementary details, Plate I. 
The daylight of the opening is about 4 feet 9 inches in height, by 20 
inches in width. As already described in the case of the entrance doorway, 
the inner rybats are receded about 4 inches from the face of the wall. 
Internally the window is formed into a bay 7 feet 4 inches in width; 
the floor being elevated to the same height as the top of the benching at 
the sides of the hall, i.e. about 2 feet. 

Two feet above this elevated floor rose the stone benching at the sides 
of the windows, the breadth of the seat being 15 inches, while those at the 
sides of the hall are only 12 inches. The opposite recess has been formed 
in exactly the same manner, and must undoubtedly have contained a 
window originally. It now forms the principal entrance to the Great Hall, 
but the evidences of alteration are unmistakable. In the first place, at the 
sides of the recess, close to the floor, the rough hearting of the wall is fully 
exposed to the height at which the elevated flooring must have stood 
previous to its removal. So roughly has the alteration been made that it 
was not considered worth while to reface this part of the wall ; and above 
it, at a height which now renders them practically useless, are the stone 
benches, corresponding exactly to those on the other side of the hall. 
Except on the supposition that this was originally a window, these benches 
so raised would be altogether devoid of purpose or meaning; while the 
2 feet of rough raggled work below shows beyond a doubt that this 
exceptional height is due to the removal of the elevated floor of the recess, 
which was cut down to admit of the new door being inserted at the 
ordinary level of the hall. All traces of the window are of course entirely 



118 DEAN CASTLE. 

gone, but the rude and almost careless junction of the old and the new 
masonries is stUl distinctly traceable outside the inserted openings. These 
consist of a doorway and square window over it, now built up, substituted 
instead of that which was removed. 

In the angle of the G-reat Hall, close to this bay, there is a stone bench 
2 feet 3 inches high, and 3 feet by 2 feet broad ; the seat or capstone being 
bevelled oif below in the same manner as the rest of the stone benching. 
At the extremity of the hall opposite to the fireplace, and elevated about 
11 feet 3 inches above the floor, is what, from its probable use, I take the 
liberty of terming the Minstrels' Gallery. I know, at least, of no other 
purpose to which, with its peculiar conformation, it could be applied ; and 
here, doubtless, on festive occasions, when the Great Hall below was 
thronged with guests of high degree, — knights and ladies fair, from this 
benched recess overhead inspiring strains would urge the brilliant throng 
through the mazes of many a gay and courtly dance. ^ The entrance to 
this gallery was from the turnpike stair where a small doorway under 2 
feet in width, and about 5 feet high, gave access to a narrow passage 
in which two or three steps brought the entrant to the level of the stone 
bench running round the gallery, and from it of course he must have 
stepped down to the ordinary level of the gallery floor. This gallery 
formed a kind of square recess about 7 feet in width, by about 6 feet 7 
inches in depth, benched round three sides, and on the side next the hall 
probably protected by some wooden framework. The benching is 20 
inches high, carefully formed, with a bevelled seat a foot broad and 8 
inches thick, but a great part of it has been defaced ; the gallery flooring 
is also entirely gone. Towards the hall this recess formed a circular- 
headed opening, about 12 feet 9 or 10 inches high, and rising to about 2 
feet below the crown of the vault. The wall at the back of the recess is 
about 2 feet 6-| inches thick, and in it is a large circular-headed window 2 
feet 1 inch in width, and 5 to 6 feet in height, with its sill about 5 feet 
above the gallery floor. Like the rest of the larger original openings this 
-^vindow has an external check 4 inches in depth carried entirely round it. 
The arch being very much Avasted, the height is necessarily indeterminate. 

^ Amongst other items given in a list of certain nails of various sizes iDeing bought " pro 

repairs on Maxstoke Castle, when the Lord's novo Oreyell pro Trumpetes Domini in aula 

parlour, and the Lady's closet, near the chapel, ibidem." EoU in the possession of the Right 

were buUt anew in the 30th of Henry VI., Hon. Lord Stafford. Archceologia, vol. xxiii. 

notice of the oriel or minstrels' gallery occurs, p. 113. 



DEAN CASTLE. 119 

At the side of the gallery, directly opposite to the entrance from the 
turnpike, is a small circular-headed doorway arched in two stones, and of 
nearly the same dimensions as that entering from the stair. The principal 
distinction is that it is " giblet-checked," so that the door opened up to 
the exterior instead of folding inwards as in the other case. This doorway 
gives access to an apartment about 9 feet 4 inches in length, by 5 feet 6 inches 
in breadth at the one end, and 4 feet 2 inches at the other. The floor is 
at the same level as the top of the benching in the gallery, the height of 
the ceiling about 9 feet 7 inches ; it is flagged at the top with a slight 
inhanging of the walls on every side. A small window about 14 inches 
high and 5 inches wide gives light to it. 

The continuation of the turnpike stair which led to the second or chapel 
floor is now entirely demolished, and it can only be reached by means of a 
ladder. On getting to the top we are ushered into an apartment about 
21 feet by 32 feet 4 or 5 inches. These dimensions are rather less than 
in the hall below, and result from the fact that the walls are built even 
thicker at this level, with the evident object of providing increased breadth 
for the battlements and walls above. This apartment must have been 
in all probability subdivided by some means or other, as there are two large 
fireplaces, but no indications remain as to how this was efi'ected. These 
fixeplaces are illustrated in Plate 5, and they present considerable contrast 
both in size and style to the two solitary examples in the lower floors of 
the building. On the south side there is a large window, forming 
indeed the only apparent means by which light could be admitted to this 
floor, with the exception of that to be afterwards noticed in the chapel, 
and so increasing the difficulties of subdivision. This window is constructed 
externally in quite a diff'erent manner from those previously described. 
The rybat head is built flush with the outer face of the wall, and finished 
with a simple quarter round. It is also checked for a window-frame in the 
regular way, while there is no such provision in the undoubtedly original 
windows on the first floor. These facts I think leave very little doubt that 
this window, externally at least, has been renewed, this renewal probably 
also including the scoinson vaulting which is in two lengths or rings, the 
voussoirs being much more carefully hewn than appears elsewhere. The 
same remarks are applicable to the external part of the window in the 
sacrarium or chapel, which is unfortunately now built up, but so far as can 
be judged is of exactly the same formation. Indeed the junction between 



120 DEAN CASTLE. 

the old and new masonries within the rybats is unmistakable, there being a 
clear unbonded junction on both sides, the scoinsons and interior arch being 
of old date, and the rybats themselves new. In this re-edification, dating 
probably from the sixteenth or seventeenth century, I would include the 
two fireplaces ; indeed it is very likely that the upper part of the building 
was then extensively remodelled. The massive corbelling which carried 
the floor above is certainly original, so also is the chapel, excepting the 
exterior part of the window ; but the existing gables and chimney stacks, 
with the fireplaces and windows referred to, are undoubtedly of later date. 
The upper part of the tower, through exposure to the weather, would in the 
lapse of time be the most liable to decay, and so combine with the desire 
for more extended convenience to dictate the necessity for a renewal. 

The most interesting feature in this floor is the sacrarium or chapel, a 
small space 11 feet 9 inches by 7 feet 10 inches recessed ofi" the main 
apartment, with an aumbry on the one side and piscina on the other. An 
arch 1 4 inches broad, with a 2-inch chamfer off" each side, and 1 feet from 
floor to crown, spans the entrance. A large aumbry or dark closet in 
thickness of south wall, and a cabinet or small apartment with narrow 
windows on either side at the south-west angle of this floor, complete its 
leading points of interest. Climbing still farther up the well-hole of the 
now demolished turnpike, access is obtained to the battlements, the attics, 
and guard-chamber at the south-east angle, the latter being well pro- 
visioned with fireplaces with plain chamfered jambs. The battlements are 
very much dilapidated, none of the embrasures, if such there were, 
remaining. The parapet walls are 2 feet 3 inches in thickness, the gables 
3 feet, with a passage-way all round the summit of the tower. 

Such is one of the most interesting examples we possess of a baronial 
fortress dating it may be from the thirteenth or earlier part of the four- 
teenth century. With exception of the modifications noted, so simple and 
so massive has been the original structure, and so complete in itself, that 
all subsequent alterations may be pretty safely traced. In imagination 
we can easily restore the appearance it must have presented in the days 
of old, with its two entrances facing the north-east, — one to the basement 
floor, the other to the Great Hall, with the existing staircase removed and 
its connected doorways built up. The outworks and the means of access 
alone have completely perished. 



DEAN CASTLE. 121* 

The same remark applies to that part of the courtyard wall of a later 
date, by which this massive memorial of an early age was surrounded. This 
wall must at the first have enclosed a quadrangular area of over 160 feet by 
120 feet, walls inclusive. At the extreme south-west angle rises the tower 
illustrated in Plates 5 and 7, and termed by Pont the " laigh tower." It 
measures about 23 feet square, comprising four stories and attics, accessible 
by a turnpike stair at the south-east angle, and from which a doorway also 
opens out on the top of the courtyard wall. The ground and upper floors 
alone are vaulted, and it is the only part of the entire series of buildings 
which is roofed in stone. Instead of encroaching on the internal area of the 
tower as in the older castle, space is obtained for the parapet and way inside 
it by a series of bold corbellings carried round the four sides of the tower 
and interrupted only at the staircase. The parapet walls are entirely gone, 
and the grass grows green where once the warder kept his vigilant outlook. 

In a line with this tower there extends a range of domestic buildings, 
about 24 feet in breadth, and with an entire frontage, tower included, of 80 
feet 6 inches. The ground-floor only is vaulted, and in any degree of 
preservation. Cross walls divide it into a series of apartments of various 
kinds, the northmost of which is the kitchen, 18 feet 3 inches by 15 
feet 6 inches, with an ample fireplace, 10 feet wide and 5 feet deep, next 
the terminal gable. At one side the oven, nearly 6 feet in diameter, still 
remains well preserved. All this part of the building is evidently coeval 
with the " laigh tower." Of much later date is the existing entrance and 
staircase projecting into the courtyard. A panel, illustrated in Plate 7, 
containing the armorial bearings of the Boyd family, with a monogram and 
all but efi"aced inscription, identifies it as the work of James, eighth Lord 
Boyd, who. died March 1654. The monogram combines his own initials 
with those of Katherine Craik, his wife. The upper part of the buildings 
was entirely demolished in the great fire of 1735, and nothing now remains 
save the north gable, and raglin marking where the roof terminated 
immediately under the corbelling of the " laigh tower." ^ 

The other two sides of the quadrangle are still enclosed by the court- 
yard wall, a massive defence, from 4 feet 6 inches to 5 feet in thickness. 

Did space permit, the relative date of these various buildings would 
form an interesting topic of inquiry. Tradition carries back the origin of 
the keep to the thirteenth century, and it is said to have been besieged by 
Edward I. in 1296. Whether its erection was due to the Balliols or the 

1 Vide Plate 5. 



122* DEAN CASTLE. 

Boyds it would be impossible now to determine ; the simplicity and the 
severity of its architecture being equally consistent with the thirteenth as 
with the fourteenth century. Whensoever erected, the original arrangements 
appear to have sufficed the wants of its proprietors down to the latter half of 
the fifteenth century. At least, to this period I attribute the first great 
extension of the buildings, and modification of the old tower, when under 
the influence of Robert, first Lord Boyd, that family, as Drummond tells us, 
engaged in " laying foundations, for their power and greatness began to turn 
all to their own advantage."^ We find from the accompanying charters, 
that, in addition to his other onerous duties. Lord Boyd was placed in 
control over all the royal fortresses, " strenthis castellis housis," ' and so 
circumstanced, with an ambitious rdle to play, and powerful enemies to 
cope with, it is by no means likely he would neglect his own. The 
buildings themselves bear witness to a simultaneous extension at some 
important epoch in the family history, when, with the desire for increased 
accommodation, it was found necessary to combine new means of defence. 
The "laigh tower," still grimly, sparsely windowed, with its frowning 
battlements and vaulted roof, the massive character of the domestic 
buildings, and above all, the great courtyard wall, combining the entire 
series of structures into one formidable square, are not only coeval in date, 
but bear witness to their erection in a very unsettled state of society. At 
the same time that these new works were undertaken, the upper stories of 
the original castle must have been extensively remodelled, new fireplaces 
inserted, the window to the south and that in the chapel enlarged, and 
doubtless much alteration made on the topmost story of all, to the extent 
perhaps of a complete renewal. 

The changes thus effected in the old hergeau of the Boyds must have 
more than doubled the accommodation at disposal, without in any material 
degree weakening the means of defence, and these facts are quite in keeping 
with the position and prospects of the family when it first became ennobled. 
The barony erected to reward the trusted adherent of the Bruce, was now 
to be merged in the wide-ranging Earldom of Arran, their own descent 
from the yet uncrowned family of the Steward perhaps stimulatuig their 
ambition, was soon to blossom into an immediate alliance with the Royal 
House. That the fall was as rapid as the rise does not afi'ect the facts so 
far as the buildings are concerned. They are the enduring witnesses to 
that brilliant future it was hoped the family had permanently secured. 

1 Hist, of Scotland, T^. 122. ^ Postea, -p. 133. 



DEAN CASTLE. 123* 

From the documents now published various items are to be gleaned, 
of interest even from an architectural point of view. In the series of 
charters granted simultaneously in 1466 by King James III. to the Earl 
and Countess of Arran, and constituting, in toto, the new Earldom of Arran, 
the fourth and last includes the Barony and Castle of Kilmarnock, under 
reserve of the liferent to Lord Boyd, and "a reasonable third part" to his 
widow. In the forfeiture of the family, three years afterwards, the Castle 
and Barony of Kilmarnock, together with all the lands embraced in the 
recently created earldom, are adjudged the inheritance of the " first born 
princes of the Kings of Scotland." By 1482 time had brought its revenges, 
and we find " at the Castle of Kilmarnock, at the iron gate thereof," the 
grandson of the forfeited first lord again seised in the inheritance of his 
fathers, under reserve of a liferent to his royal mother. In this Castle 
she herself, Drummond teUs us, had been shut up during the lifetime of 
her first husband "as in a prison."^ The restored heir died in 1484, and 
probably at his mother's death the Barony and Castle reverted to the crown. 
At all events, in 1508 we find them in the possession of Margaret Tudor, 
Queen-consort of James IV. The indenture in which this information 
is conveyed is a very curious document, and in it occurs the first detailed 
reference to the buildings as now extant. The Boyds appear only as lessees 
and tenants, where previously they had been proprietors, and the Scottish 
queen grants a tack for nine years of the lordship and lands of Kilmarnock 
and others, as "pertenyng to the said princes and gevin to her in doivry." ^ 
Hitherto general reference only has been to the Castle of Kilmarnock, 
although the interesting event of 1482 is stated to have taken place " apud 
portam ferream eiusdem;"^ now, we have clear reference to the " castell 
fortalice and pertinence " connected with the lands, over which rights of 
tenantry are conveyed, stiU more expressly defined as "the castell and 
place of Kilmernok."* In both instances the"casteU" evidently means 
the original keep or stronghold, while "fortalice" and "place" just as 
clearly refer to the more recently erected " laigh tower," and residential 
buildings connected with it. As a case in point illustrative of the latter 
term, we may cite that noble but sadly neglected building, the " castle or 
place of Kilbirnie." It is one of the conditions of the indenture that, as 
proprietrix, " the said princes sail cause the castell and place of Kilmernok 
to be thekit and maid watter ticht incontinent with all dehgence apoun the 

1 Hist, of Scotland, p. 130. ^ Pggtea, p. 152. =* Ihid. p. 140. * lUd. p. 15.3. 



124* DEAN CASTLE. 

expense of the said hie and michtie princes ; " while the lessee undertakes on 
his part to " uphald the said castell and place unto the ische of the said 
nyne yeris siclik as it beis deliverit to him now efter the thekin and makin 
of the samyn watter ticht." Two facts are thus brought under notice : 
first, that at this particular date, i.e. the very beginning of the sixteenth 
century, the buildings, or at least their roofs, had fallen into a certain 
measure of disrepair ; and, secondly, that the castle itself, and the place 
or residential buildings, were covered with thatch, the "fortalice" or "laigh 
tower " only being roofed with stone, and so agreeing exactly with what the 
present state of the building would lead us to believe. The indenture 
further makes the following interesting provision against the exigency of a 
royal visit : " And gif the said hie and michtie princes happinnis to cum 
to the said castell and place of Kilmernok the said Alexander and his 
aieris sail ressave the said princes with her court that cumis to the said 
castell and place of Kilmernok and mak thame to have fre ische and entre 
tharin till in all placis and houssis of the said castell at thare plesure and 
thar to remane als lang as plesis the said mychtie princes apoun hir awne 
expensis." Whether during her many peregrinations throughout Scotland, 
as wife or widow of James IV., the queen ever visited Kilmarnock Castle, 
we are not informed. Dying in 1541, the barony she had so long held in 
dowry was restored in 1545 by her grand-daughter, Mary Queen of Scots, to 
Robert, fourth Lord Boyd, being conveyed "cum castro fortalicio maneriis 
ortis pomariis molendinis," etc., the last and the most minutely detailed of 
these charter references {vide postea, page 175). 

Sadly dilapidated as they are — the mere wreck of former grandeur, 
in all their main features the buildings exist to-day just as, from 1503 
to 1541, they were held in liferent by Margaret Tudor. Even at 
her entry they had fallen into neglect, and there was no period between 
this date and the forfeiture of 1469 when they were likely to have been 
erected. Additions so extensive must have taken several years to build, 
especially in a style which made them worthy to rank as a royal demesne. 
Faithfully reflecting, through six centuries of Scottish history, the varying 
fortunes of the great family with which they were so long associated, twice 
forfeited to the Crown, and held by it in possession for a lengthened period, 
surely it is not too much to hope that instead of mere reparation, these 
interesting remains may be made the object of an efi'ective restoration. 

WILLIAM GALLOWAY. 



KILMARNOCK CASTLE orthe DEAN. 




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r V/i^TOW AiirH' A.s,'C" if)32 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 

1. Confirmation, under the Great Seal, of a Declaration ly King James the Third, in 
Parliament, that he was not offended ly the conduct of Robert Lord Boyd, in riding 
with him from Linlithgow to Edinburgh} [25th October 1466.] 

Jacobus dei gracia Eex Scotorum Omnibus probis bominibus suis ad quos pre- 
sentes liters pervenerint salutem Sciatis nos quoddam actum in parliamento apud 
Edinburgh anno die et mense subscriptis per nos proprio motu in presencia trium 
Eegni nostri statuum pronunciatum et per clericum nostrorum Eotulorum et Eegistri 
infrascriptum nostro de mandato in scriptis redactum utique intellexisse sub hac 
forma In parliamento excellentissimi et potentissimi principis ac domini nostri 
metuendissimi. domini Jacobi tercii dei gracia Scotorum Eegis illustrissimi tento apud 
Edinburgh decimd tercio die mensis Octobris Anni M™^ uij*^™! Ixvj*^ Ipso illustrissimo 
principe in Eegali solio sedente Comparuit nobilis et potens dominus Eobertus 
dominus Boyde peciit quod humiliter ad genua sedens coram tribus Eegni statibus a 
sua serenitate declarari an aliquam animi indignacionem aut aliqualem offensionem 
contra eundem concepisset ex eo quod cum a palacio suo de Linlithqw post scaccar- 
ium ad Edinburgum cum eodem equitasset Qui suppremus dominus noster mature et 
consulte avisatus coram eisdem Eegni statibus vive vocis oraculo declaravit clare 
lucide quod edixit se nuUam indignacionem ofFensam aut mentis rancorem contra 
eundem dominum Boyde Adam Hepburn filium et apparentem heredem Patricii 
domini Halis Johannem dominum Somervile Andream Ker filium et heredem appar- 
entem Andree Ker de Cesfurde aut aliis cum eodem domino Boyde et personis pre- 
dictis existentibus aliqualiter concepisse nee infuturum concepere veUe sed eos ex 
huiusmodi equitatu per preceptum sue Serenitatis facto extra omnem noxiam et 
culpam esse et eos ut suos fidos ligios reputavit et in cares habuit Ita quod ex huius- 
modi equitatu nullum eis et eorum alicui aut personis cum eisdem tunc presentibus 
futuris temporibus quovismodo preiudicium aliquod dampnum molestiam aut grava- 
men generaret Quam rem et suppremi domini nostri Eegis declaracionem dictus 
dominus Boyde pro se et personis cum eo superius nominatis peciit in actis parlia- 
1 Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 185. 
R 



122 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

menti redegi et sub magno sigillo suppremi domini nostri Eegis sibi et aliis personis 
predictis ad perpetuam rei memoriam inde confeci et donari Extractum de libra 
actorum parliamenti per me Eergusium M'dowel clericum Eotulorum et Eegistri 
domini nostri Eegis sub meis sigillo et subscripcione manual! anno die mense et loco 
predictis Quod quidem actum ac omnia et singula in eodem contenta in omnibus suis 
punctis et articulis approbamus et tenore presencium declaramus et confirmamus 
Datum sub magno sigillo nostro apud Strivelin vicesimo quinto die mensis Octobris 
Anno Domini M™° iiij*-'™° lxvj^° et Eegni nostri septimo. 

Abstract. 

Eatification by King James III., under the Great Seal, of an Act passed in the 
Parliament at Edinburgh, on 13th October 1466, his Majesty being present, and 
sitting upon the throne, to the effect that Eobert Lord Boyd having appeared before 
the three estates of the kingdom on that occasion, and kneeling down, humbly re- 
quested his Highness to declare whether he had conceived in his mind any indignation 
or displeasure against him, because he rode with him from his palace of Linlithgow 
after the Exchequer to Edinburgh. The king after consultation being ripely advised, 
declared clearly and distiuctly by the lively oracle of his voice, that he had conceived 
no indignation, displeasure, or rancour of mind against the said Lord Boyd, Adam 
Hepburn, son and apparent heir of Patrick Lord Hales, John Lord Somerville, Andrew 
Ker, son and heir-apparent of Andrew Ker of Cessfurd, or other persons equally with 
the said Eobert Lord Boyd ; nor did he intend in future to conceive any displeasure 
against them ; but that raid having taken place by command of his Highness, he 
accounted them free from all blame, and had them in favour as his faithful lieges ; 
and therefore that no prejudice or hurt should in future arise to them, or any one of 
them, on account of that raid. Which thing, and the declaration of his Majesty, the 
said Eobert Lord Boyd, for himself and the persons named with him, requested to be 
recorded in the Acts of Parliament, and to be given to him and the other persons 
mentioned, under his Majesty's great seal, for the perpetual remembrance thereof ; 
which was done by this confirmation given under the great seal at Stirling, 25th 
October 1466. 

2. Appointment, under the Grreat Seal, of Rolert Lord Boyd, as Governor of the King 
during his minority} \2Zth October 1466.] 

Jacobus dei gracia Eex Scotorum Omnibus probis hominibus suis ad quos presentes 
litere pervenerint salutem Quia nos in parliamento nostro ultimo tento apud Edin- 
burgh mentem nostram coram tribus Eegni nostri statibus declaravimus quod quam 
plurimum nobis placuit ut consanguineus noster Eobertus dominus Boide guberna- 
cionem et regimen nostre persone et fratrum nostrorum et fortaliciorum tanquam unus 
de intimis nostris consuHbus habeat in nostre auctoritatis Eegie et Justicie executione 
1 Acts of the Parliament of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 185. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 123 

usque ad nostram etatem legitimam viginti unius annorum Ea propter dictum Eobertum 
dominum Boid consanguineum nostrum ex consensu et deliberacione ceterorum 
dominorum nostri concilii gubernatorem nostre persone ac fratrum nostrorum et 
fortaliciorum usque ad nostram etatem predictam constituimus et ordinavimus ac ut 
premittitur constituimus et ordinamus per presentes strictius inhibentes ne quis in 
contrarium presentis nostre ordinacionis aliquotiens devenire presumat sub omni pena 
quam erga nostram Eegiam incurrere poterit maiestatem in hac parte Datum sub 
magno sigillo nostro apud Strivelin vicesimo quinto die mensis Octobris Anno Domini 
M° iiij° sexagesimo sexto et Eegni nostri septimo. 

Absteact. 

Charter by King James the Third, under the great seal, whereby his Majesty, 
having already declared his mind to the Estates of Parliament, that Eobert Lord 
Boyd as one of his most intimate counsellors should have the government of his 
Majesty's person, his brothers, and his fortresses, in the administration of his royal 
authority and justice, until his Majesty should attain to the lawful age of twenty-one 
years ; therefore constituted and ordained the said Lord Boyd governor accordingly, with 
the consent and deliberation of the other Lords of his Majesty's council. Given at 
Stirling, 25th October 1466, 

3. Charter ly King James the Third to Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, and Mary, 
his spouse, of the lands of Stewartoun and Others} \2&th April 1467.] 

Jacobus Dei gracia Eex Scotorum omnibus probis hominibus tocius terre sue 
clericis et laicis salutem Sciatis nos ob singularem favorem dilectionem et amorem 
quos erga carissimam sororem nostram Mariam Comitissam de Arane gerimus in 
honorem nostri sanguinis et sobilis ex ea veresimiliter sustentandum Atque propter 
obsequium et servicium dilecti consanguinei nostri Thome Boide Comitis de Arane 
sponsi dicte carissime nostre sororis dedisse concessisse et hac presenti carta nostra 
confirmasse dicto consanguineo Thome Boide Comiti de Arane et carrissime sorori 
nostre Marie sponse sue predicte et eorum alteri diutius viventi totas et integras 
terras nostras de Stewartoune cum tenentibus et tenandiis earundem cum pertinentiis 
jacentes infra vicecomitatum nostrum de Are Necnon omnes et singulas [terras] de 
Trarinzeane cum turre ac tenentibus et tenandiis earundem cum pertinentiis infra 
dictum vicecomitatum Necnon terras de Turnbery cum tenentibus et tenandiis 
jacentes in vicecomitatu nostro de Carrie terras de Eisedalemure cum pertinentiis 
jacentes in balliatu de Cunynghame infra dictum vicecomitatum de Are ac eciam 
omnes et singulas terras de Mekilcumray cum pertinentiis jacentes infra vice- 
comitatum nostrum de Bute Quas omnes et singulas predictas terras de Terinzeane 

1 Begistrum Magni Sigilli, lib. vii. No. 115. 



124 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

cum turre ac terras de Turnbery cum omnibus tenentibus et tenendiis terras de Eise- 
dalemure et Mekilcumray cum pertinentiis prefatis terris de Stewartoune annexuimus 
incorporavimus et univimus ac annexamus incorporamus et unimus pro perpetuo 
per presentes et ipsas omnes terras cum tenentibus et tenandiis cum pertinentiis ut 
premittitur invicem unitas et incorporatas in unam meram et liberam baroniam 
baroniam de Stewartoune nuncupandam creavimus et pro perpetuo creamus tenore 
presentis carte Tenendas et habendas omnes et singulas prenominatas terras sive 
dictam novam creatam baroniam de Stewartoune cum pertinentiis ac omnibus 
tenentibus tenandiis dicto consanguineo nostro Thome comiti de Arane et prefate 
carissime sorori nostre Marie spouse sue et eorum alteri diutius viventi et heredibus 
inter ipsos legittime procreatis seu procreandis quibus forte deficientibus nobis 
heredibus et successoribus nostris libere revertendas de nobis heredibus et successori- 
bus nostris in feodo et hereditate imperpetuum per omnes rectas metas suas antiquas 
et divisas prout jacent in longitudine et latitudine in boscis planis moris marresiis 
viis semitis aquis stagnis rivolis pratis pascuis et pasturis molendinis multuris et 
eorum sequelis acupacionibus venaciouibus piscacionibus petariis turbariis carbonariis 
lapicidiis lapide et calce fabrilibus bracinis brueriis et genestis cum curiis et earum 
exitibus herezeldis blwdwitis et merchetis mulierum cum tenentibus tenandiis et 
libere tenentium serviciis cum furca et fossa sok sak tholl theme infangand theif out- 
fangand theif ac cum omnibus aliis et singulis libertatibus commoditatibus et 
asiamentis ac justis pertinentiis quibuscunqiie tam non nominatis quam noniinatis ad 
prefatas terras et baroniam de Stewartoune cum pertinentiis ac omnibus tenentibus 
tenandiis suis spectantibus seu quovis modo juste spectare valentibus in futurum 
libere quiete plenarie integre honorifice bene et in pace sine aliquo retinemento 
revocatione et contradictione quibuscunque Eeddendo inde annuatim dicti Thomas 
Comes de Arane et carissima soror nostra Maria comitissa sponsa sua et eorum alter 
diutius vivens et heredes inter ipsos legittime procreati seu procreandi nomiae warde 
et relevii tres sectas ad tria placita capitalia curie balliatus nostri de Cunyngame Et 
reddendo annuatim fratribus burgi nostri de Irwin triginta tres solidos et quatuor 
denarios usualis monete regni nostri sicut dicta summa persolvi solebat ac eciam 
reddendo dilecto nostro Johanni Chalmir de Gaitgirth militi et heredibus suis duas 
(sic) farine ad terminos consuetos tantum In cuius rei testimonium presenti carte 
nostre magnum sigiUum nostrum apponi Testibus reverendo in Cristo patribus Andrea 
episcopo Glasguensi Thoma episcopo Aberdonensi dilectis consanguineis nostris 
Andrea domino Avandaile cancellario nostro Johanne Comite AthoU avunculo nostro 
Colino Comite de Ergile domino Cambell magistro hospicii nostri Jacobo domino Levin- 
stoune magno camerario nostro Eoberto domino Lile magistro Jacobo Lindisay preposito 
de Linclaudane nostri secreti sigilli custodi David Guthrie de eodem nostrorum com- 
potorum Eotulatore et Archibaldo de Quhitlaw decano de Dumbar secretario nostro 
apud Edinburgh xxyj° die mensis Aprilis anno domini M° iiij° lxvij° et regni nostri 
septimo. 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 125 



Translation. 



James, by the grace of God King of Scots, to all honest men of his whole land, clergy 
and laity, greeting : wit ye us, for the singular favour and love which we bear towards 
our dearest sister Mary, Countess of Arran ; and for creditably maintaining by her 
the honour of our blood and posterity, and for the obedience and service of our 
beloved cousin Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, husband of our said dearest sister, to 
have given, granted, and by this our present charter confirmed, to oar said cousin 
Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, and our dearest sister Mary, his wife foresaid, and the 
longer liver of them, all and whole our lands of Stewartoun, with tenants and 
tenandries of the same, with the pertinents lying within our shire of Ayr; also all 
and sundry the lands of Trarinzeane, with the tower and tenants and tenandries of the 
same, with the pertinents, within the said shire ; also, the lands of Turnbery, with 
tenants and tenandries, lying in our shire of Carrie ; the lands of Eisedalemure with 
the pertinents lying in the bailiary of Cunynghame within the said shire of Ayr ; as 
also all and sundry the lands of Mekilcumray with the pertinents lying within our 
shire of Bute : which all and sundry the foresaid lands of Terinzeane with the tower, 
and lands of Turnbery with all tenants and tenandries, lands of Eisedalemure and 
Mekilcumray with the pertinents, we have annexed, incorporated, and united, as we 
for ever by these presents annex, incorporate, and unite to the foresaid lands of 
Stewartoun ; and all these lands with the tenants and tenandries, with the pertinents 
united and incorporated together as is above said, we have created, and by the tenor 
of the present charter for ever create into one mere and free barony, to be called the 
Barony of Stewartoun : To be holden and had all and sundry the beforenamed lands, 
or the said new created barony of Stewartoun, with the pertinents, and with all 
tenants and tenandries, to our said cousin Thomas Earl of Arran, and our foresaid 
dearest sister Mary his spouse, and the survivor of them, and the heirs lawfully 
procreated or to be procreated between them, whom failing, to revert freely to us our 
heirs and successors, of us our heirs and successors in fee and heritage for ever, by all 
their right meithes, ancient and divided, as they lie in length and breadth, in woods, 
plains, muirs, marshes, ways, paths, waters, pools, rivers, meadows, pastures, and 
pasturages, mills, multures, and their sequels, fowlings, huntings, fishings, peats, turfs, 
coalheuchs, quarries stone and Ume, smithies, brewhouses, brooms and heaths, with 
courts and their issues, herezelds, bloodwites, and merchets of women, with tenants, 
tenandries, and service of free tenants, v/ith gallows and pit, sok, sak, tholl, theme, 
infangand thief, outfangand thief, and with all other and sundry freedoms, commodi- 
ties and easements and just pertinents whatsoever, as weU not named as named, 
belonging, or that may in any way justly belong in future to the foresaid lands and 
barony of Stewartoun with the pertinents, and all their tenants and tenandries, 
freely, quietly, fully, wholly, honourably, well, and in peace, without any withholding, 
affain calling, and contradiction whatever. Eendering therefor yearly the said 



^o> 



126 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

Thomas Earl of Arran, and our dearest sister Mary his spouse, and the survivor of 
them, and the heirs lawfully gotten or to be gotten between them, in name of ward 
and relief, three suits at the three head pleas of the court of our bailiary of Cunyng- 
hame ; and rendering yearly to the friars of our burgh of Irvine thirty-three 
shillings and fourpence, usual money of our kingdom, as the said sum was wont to be 
paid ; and also rendering to our lovite John Chalmer of Gaitgirth, knight, and his 
heirs, two [chalders ?] of meal, at the usual terms only : In witness of which thing, to 
this our present charter [we have commanded] our great seal to be affixed : witnesses, 
the reverend fathers in Christ Andrew bishop of Glasgow ; Thomas bishop of 
Aberdeen ; our beloved cousins Andrew Lord Avandale, our chancellor ; John Earl 
of Athole, our uncle ; Colin Earl of Argyll, lord Campbell, master of our household ; 
James Lord Livingstone, our high chamberlain ; Eobert Lord Lisle ; Mr. James 
Lyndsay, Provost of Lincloudane, keeper of our privy seal ; David Guthrie of that 
ilk, enroUer of our accounts ; and Archibald of Quhitlaw, dean of Dunbar, our 
secretary : At Edinburgh, the 26th day of the month of April, the year of the Lord 
1467, and of our reign the seventh. 

4. Clmrter ly King James the TJiird to Thomas Boyd, Harl of Arran, and Mary, 
his spouse, of the lands of Cavertoun, etc} \2&th April 1467.] 

Jacobus dei gracia Eex Scotorum omnibus probis hominibus tocius terre sue clericis 
et laicis salutem Sciatis nos dedisse concessisse et hac presenti' carta nostra confirmasse 
dilecto consanguineo nostro Thome Boide comiti de Arane et carissime sorori nostre 
Marie sponse dicti Thome et eorum alteri diutius viventi terras de Cavertoun cum 
pertinentiis jacentes infra vicecomitatum nostrum de Eoxburgh terras baronie de 
Telling cum pertinentiis jacentes infra vicecomitatum de Forfar cum annuo redditu de 
Brichti infra eundem vicecomitatum de Forfare terras de Polgavy cum pertinentiis 
jacentes infra vicecomitatum nostrum de Perth cum omnibus et singulis pertinentiis 
ad dictas terras et annuum redditum cum pertinentiis spectantibus Quequid terre cum 
anno redditu cum pertinentiis fuerunt dilecti consanguinei nostri Eoberti domini Boide 
patris dicti Thome hereditarie Et quas terras cum annuo redditu predicto cum pertin- 
entiis idem Eobertus non vi aut metu ductus nee errore lapsus sed sua mera et spon- 
tanea voluntate in manus nostras apud Edinburgh coram subscriptis testibus per- 
sonaliter per fustem et baculum sursum Eeddidit pureque simpliciter resignavit ac 
totum jus et clameum que in dictis terris at annuo redditu cum pertinentiis habuit 
sen habere potuit pro se et heredibus suis omnino quitteclamavit imperpetuum 
Tenendas et habendas totas et integras predictas terras cum prefato annuo Eedditu 
cum pertinentiis dictis Thome comiti de Arane et sorori nostre carissime Marie sponse 
sue et eorum alteri diutius viventi et heredibus masculis inter ipsos legittime procreatis 
seu procreandis quibus forte deficientibus veris legittimis et propinquioribus heredibus 
■' Eegistrum Magni Sigilli, lib. vii. No. 116. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 127 

dicti consanguinei nostri Eoberti domini Boide quibuscunque de nobis heredibus et 
successoribus nostris in feodo et hereditate imperpetuum per omnes rectas metas suas 
antiquas et divisas prout jacent in longitudine et latitudine cum omnibus et singulis 
libertatibus commoditatibus et asiamentis ac justis pertinentiis quibuscunque tarn non 
nominatis quam nominatis ad dictas terras et annuum redditum cum pertinentiis 
spectantibus seu quouismodo juste spectare valentibus in futurum Et adeo libere 
quiete plenarie integre honorifice bene et in pace in omnibus et per omnia sicut dictus 
Eobertus dominus Boide aut predecessores sui predictas terras et annuum redditum 
cum pertinentiis de nobis aut predecessoribus nostris ante dictam resignationem nobis 
inde factam liberius tenuit seu possedit tenuerunt seu possederunt Faciendo inde 
annuatim dicti Thomas comes de Arane et carissima soror nostra Maria comitissa sua 
sponsa et eorum alter diutius vivens et heredes masculi inter ipsos legittime procreati 
seu procreandi quibus forte deficientibus veri legittimi et propinquiores heredes dicti 
Eoberti domini Boide quicunque nobis heredibus et successoribus nostris servicia de 
dictis terris et annuo Eedditu debita et consueta In cuius Eei testimonium presenti 
carte nostre magnum sigillum nostrum apponi precepimus Testibus et de data in 
proxima precedente carta expressatis. 

Teanslation. 

James, by the grace of God King of Scots, to all honest men of his whole land, clergy 
and laity, greeting : "Wit ye us to have given, granted, and by this our present charter 
confirmed to our beloved cousin Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, and our dearest sister 
Mary, spouse of the said Thomas, and the survivor of them, the lands of Oavertoun, 
with the pertinents, lying within our shire of Eoxburgh ; the lands of the barony of 
Telling, with the pertinents, lying in the shire of Forfar, with the annualrent of 
Brichty within the same shire of Forfar ; the lands of Polgavy, with the pertinents, 
lying within our shire of Perth, with all and sundry pertinents belonging to the said 
lands and annualrent : which lands, with the annualrent, with the pertinents, be- 
longed to our beloved cousin E«bert Lord Boyd, father of the said Thomas, heritably, 
and which lands, with the annualrent foresaid, with the pertinents, the same Eobert, 
not led by force or fear, nor fallen in error, but by his own mere and spontaneous 
will, surrendered, and purely and simply resigned personally, by staff and baton, in 
our hands, at Edinburgh, before the witnesses underwritten, and all right and claims 
which he had or can have in the said lands and annualrent, with the pertinents, he 
for himself and his heirs wholly quitclaimed for ever : To be holden and had all and 
whole the foresaid lands with the foresaid annualrent, with the pertinents, to the 
said Thomas Earl of Arran, and our dearest sister Mary his spouse, and the survivor 
of them, and the heirs-male lawfully gotten or to be gotten between them, whom fail- 
ing, to the true lawful and nearest heirs whomsoever of our said cousin Eobert, Lord 
Boyd, of us our heirs and successors in fee and heritage for ever, by all their just 



128 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

meithes, ancient and divided, as they lie in length and breadth, with aU and sundry 
liberties, advantages, and easements and just pertinents whatsoever, as well not named 
as named, belonging, or that may in any way justly belong in future to the said land 
and annualrent with the pertinents ; and that as freely, quietly, fully, wholly, 
honourably, well, and in peace, in all and throughout all, as the said Eobert Lord 
Boyd, or his predecessors, held or possessed the foresaid lands and annualrent, with 
the pertinents, of us or our predecessors before the said resignation thereof made to 
us : paying therefor yearly the said Thomas Earl of Arran, and our dearest sister 
Mary, the Countess, his spouse, and the survivor of them, and the heirs-male lawfully 
gotten or to be gotten between them, whom failing the true lawful and nearest heirs 
whosoever of the said Eobert Lord Boyd, to us our heirs and successors, the services 
due and accustomed from the said lands and annualrent : In witness whereof, to this 
our present charter we have commanded our great seal to be affixed, with the wit- 
nesses and of the date expressed in the next preceding charter. 

5. Charter hy King James the Third to Thomas Earl of Arran, and Mary, 
his spouse, of the lands of Arran} [26<7i April 1467.] 

Jacobus Dei gracia Eex Scotorum omnibus probis hominibus tocius terre sue clericis 
et laicis salutem Sciatis quod ob singularem favorem dUectionem et amorem quas ad 
Mariam nostram carissimam sororem gerimus in honorem nostri sanguinis et sobihs 
ex ea veresimiliter suscitandum atque propter obsequium et servicium dilecti con- 
sanguinei nostri Thome Boide comitis de Arane dicte carissime sororis nostre sponsi 
dedimus et concessimus a presencium tenore damns et concedimus dictis Thome comiti 
de Arane et carissime sorori nostre predicte et eorum alteri diutius viventi et heredibus 
inter ipsos legittime procreandis omnes et singulas terras nostras Insule nostre de Arane 
cum pertinentiis jacentes infra vicecomitatum nostrum de Bute Quas omnes et singulas 
terras de Arane cum pertinentiis in unam meram et liberam baroniam baroniam de Arane 
perpetuis futuris temporibus nuncupandam creavimus ac creamus tenore presentis carte 
Tenendam et habendam totam et integram predictam baroniam baroniam de Arane ut 
predictum est nuncupandam cum suis pertinenciis dicto consanguineo nostro Thome 
comiti de Arane et sorori nostre Marie sponse sue et eorum alteri diutius viventi et 
heredibus inter ipsos legittime procreatis sen procreandis quibus forte deficientibus 
nobis et heredibus et successoribus nostris libere revertendam De nobis heredibus et 
successoribus nostris in feodo et hereditate imperpetuum per omnes rectas metas suas 
antiquas et divisas prout jacent in longitudine et latitudine in boscis planis moris 
maresiis viis semitis aquis stagnis rivolis pratis pascuis et pasturis molendinis multuris 
et eorum sequelis aucupacionibus venacionibus piscacionibus petariis turbariis car- 
bonariis lapide et calce frabilibus (sic) brasinis brueriis et genestis cum curiis et earum 
exitibus herezeldis bludewitis et merchetis mulierum furca fossa soc sac thol theme 
1 Begistrum Magni Sigilli, lib. viL No. 117. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 129 

infangand tlieiffe outfangand theiffe tenentibus tenandiis et libere tenencium serviciia 
unacum ura et minis libera foresta et warenna ac cum omnibus libertatibus commodi- 
tatibus et asiamentis ac justis pertinentiis quibuscunque tarn non nominatis quam 
nominatis ad predictas terras baronie de Arane cum pertinentiis spectantibus seu juste 
spectare valentibus in futurum libere quiete plenarie integre honorifice bene et in pace 
sine aliquo retinemento seu obstaculo quocunque Reddendo inde annuatim dictus 
Tbomas et Maria eius sponsa prefata et eorum alter diutius vivens et heredes inter 
ipsos legittime procreati seu procreandi videlicet pro vigenti mercatis de proprietate 
dictarum terrarum juxta capitale messuagium earundem proximo adiacentibus unum 
denarium argenti super solum dictarum terrarum in festo pentbecostes nomine albe 
firme si petatur tantum Et pro omnibus et singulis predictis terris de Arane dictis 
vigenti mercatis terrarum exceptis nobis heredibus et successoribus nostris servicia 
debita et consueta In cuius rei testimonium presenti carte nostre magnum sigillum 
nostrum apponi precipimus Testibus et de data in proxima precedente carta ex- 
pressatis. 

Translation". 

James, by the grace of God King of Scots, to all honest men of bis whole land, clergy 
and laymen, greeting : Wit ye that on account of the singular favour, regard, and love 
which we bear towards our dearest sister Mary, and for the better sustaining by her of 
the honour of our blood and family, and in consideration of the obedience and service 
of our beloved cousin Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, husband of our said dearest sister, 
■we have given and granted, and by the tenor of these presents do give and grant to the 
said Thomas Earl of Arran and our dearest sister foresaid, and the survivor of them, 
and the heirs to be lawfully gotten between them, all and sundry our lands of our 
Island of Arran^ with the pertinents, lying within our shire of Bute ; which all and 
sundry lands of Arran with the pertinents we have created, and by the tenor of this 
present charter do create, into one mere and free barony, to be called in all times coming 
the Barony of Arran : To be holden and had, all and whole, the foresaid barony, to be 
called as is before said the Barony of Arran, with its pertinents, to our said cousin 
Thomas Earl of Arran, and our sister Mary his spouse, and the survivor of them, and 
the heirs lawfully gotten or to be gotten between them ; whom failing, to revert to us 
and our heirs and successors, of us our heirs and successors, in fee and heritage for 
ever, by all its right measures, ancient and divided, as they lie in length and breadth, 
in woods, plains, muirs, marshes, ways, paths, waters, pools, streams, meadows, 
pastures and pasturages, mills, multures and their sequels, fowlings, huntings, fishings, 
peat-mosses, turfgrounds, coalheuchs, stone and lime, smithies, brewhouses, brooms 
and heaths, with courts and their issues, herezelds, bloodwites, and merchets of women, 
gallows, pit, soc, sac, thol, theme, infangand thief, outfangand thief, tenants, tenandries, 
and services of free tenants, together with ore and mines, free forest and warren, and 
with all freedoms, commodities, and easements, and just pertinents whatsoever, as well 



130 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

not named as named, belonging or that may justly belong in future to the foresaid 
lauds of the Barony of Arrau, with the pertinents, freely, quietly, fully, wholly, honour- 
ably, weU and in peace, without any hindrance or obstacle whatever : Eendering there- 
for yearly, the said Thomas and Mary his spouse aforesaid, and the survivor of them 
and the heirs lawfully gotten or to be gotten between them, namely, for twenty 
merks worth of the property of the said lands next adjacent to the principal messuage of 
the same, one penny of silver upon the grounds of the said lands on the feast of Pente- 
cost, in name of blench farm if asked only ; and for all and sundry the foresaid lands 
of Arran, excepting the said twenty merk lands, the services due and wont to us, our 
heirs and successors : In witness of which thing, to this our present charter we have 
commanded our great seal to be affixed, with the witnesses and of the date expressed 
in the next preceding charter. 

6. Charter by King James the Third to the Earl and Countess of A^-ran, 
of the Barony of Kilmarnock} [26th April 1467.] 

Jacobus Dei gracia rex Scotorum, omnibus probis hominibus totius terre sue clericis 
et laicis salutem Sciatis nos dedisse concessisse et hac presenti carta nostra con- 
firmasse dilecto consanguineo nostro Thome comiti de Arane totas et integras terras 
baronie de Kilmernok cum castro de Kilmernok necnon terras dominicales vlgariter 
nuncupatas le Holme manis terras de le Dene manis et Hartschawmur cum pertinentiis 
ac terras de Eailstoune et decem libratas terrarum vlgariter nuncupatas Warnok 
landis Glastri Ganehill le twa Wellis et terciam partem terrarum de Ganeleich cum 
pertinentiis jacentes infra vicecomitatum nostrum de Are ac eciam terras de Naris- 
toune cum pertinentiis jacentes infra vicecomitatum nostrum de Lanark necnon et 
annuum redditum decem mercarum usualis monete regni nostri terrarum de Mertuane 
jacentium infra dictum vicecomitatum nostrum de Are ac totas et integras terras 
baroniarum subscriptarum videlicet baroniam de Dairy cum pertinentiis baroniam 
de Kilbrid cum pertinentiis baroniam de Nodisdale cum pertinentiis et terras de Mone- 
fode et le Flat cum pertinentiis jacentes infra dictum vicecomitatum nostrum de Are 
Quequidem terre superscripte cum dicto castro et annuo redditu cum pertinenciis 
f aerunt dilecti consanguinei nostri Eoberti domini Boyde patris dicti Thome hereditarie 
Et quas terras cum castro et annuo redditu predictis idem Eobertus non vi aut metu 
ductus nee errore lapsus seu dolo circumventus set sua mera et spontanea voluntate 
in manus nostras apud Edinburgh coram subscriptis testibus per fustem et baculum 
personaliter sursum reddidit pureque simpliciter resignavit ac totum jus et clameum 
que in dictis terris castro et annuo redditu cum pertinentiis habuit seu habere potuit 
pro se et heredibus suis omnino quitteclamavit imperpetuum Que decem libratas 
terrarum predictas de Warnoklandis Glastir Ganehill et le twa Wellis et tercie partis de 
Ganeleich ac terras de Naristoune cum pertinentiis dicte baronie de Kilmernok 
1 Registrum Magni Sigilli, lib. vii. No. 118. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 131 

annexuimus incorporavimus et univimus ac annectimus incorporamus et unimus pro 
perpetuo tenore presentis carte Tenendas et habendas totas et integras terras predictas 
cum castro de Kilmernok et annuo redditu supra dicto cum pertinentiis dicto con- 
sanguineo nostro Thome Comiti de Arane et heredibus suis de nobis heredibus et 
successoribus nostris in feodo et hereditate imperpetuum per omnes rectas metas suas 
antiquas et divisas prout jacent in longitudine et latitudine in boscis planis moris 
marresiis viis semitis aquis stag-nis rivolis pratis pascuis et pasturis molendinis 
multuris et eorum sequelis accupacionibus venacionibus piscacionibus petariis 
turbaiiis carbonariis lapicidiis lapide et calce fabrilibus brasinis brueriis et genestis 
cum curiis et earum exitibus herezeldis bludwitis merchetis mulierum cum tenentibus 
tenandiis et libere tenencium serviciis cum furca et fossa sok sak thoU theme infang- 
and theif outfangand theif ac cum omnibus aliis et singulis libertatibus commoditati- 
bus et asiamentis ac justis pertinentiis quibuscunque tam [non] nominatis quam 
nominatis ad predictas terras castrum et annuum redditum predictum cum pertinentiis 
spectantibus seu quovismodo juste spectare valentibus in futurum Et adeo libere 
quiete plenarie integre honorifice bene et in pace in omnibus et per omnia sicut dictus 
Eobertus dominus Boide aut sui predecessores predictas terras castrum et annuum 
redditum cum pertinentiis de nobis heredibus et sucessoribus nostris ante dictam 
resignationem nobis inde factam liberius tenuit seu possedit tenuerunt seu possede- 
runt Eeddendo inde annuatim dictus Thomas comes de Arane et heredes sui nobis 
heredibus et successoribus nostris pro dicto castro de Kilmernok et terris nuncupatis 
le Holme manis et le Dene manis et terris de Hartschawmur cum pertinentiis unum 
denarium argenti usualis monete regni nostri in festum penthecostis apud dictum 
castrum de Kilmernok nomine albe firme si petatur tantum Et faciendo pro ceteris 
terris et annuo redditu predicto cum pertinentiis servicia debita et consueta Eeservato 
tamen libero tenemento omnium et singularum terrarum predictarum ac castri et 
annul redditus supradicti cum pertinenciis dicto Eoberto domino Boide pro toto 
tempore vite sue et racionabili tercia parte earundem terrarum et dicti annul redditus 
cum pertinenciis sponse dicti Eoberti cum contingerit In cuius rei testimonium 
presenti carte nostre magnum sigillum nostrum apponi precipimus Testibus et de 
data in proxima precedente carta expressatis. 



Teanslation. 

James, by the grace of God King of Scots, to all honest men, clergy and laity, of 
his whole land, greeting : Wit ye us to have given and granted, and by this our present 
charter to have confirmed, to our beloved cousin Thomas Earl of Arran, all and whole 
the lands of the Barony of Kilmarnok ; also the Kirklands, commonly called the 
Holme Mains, lands of the Dene Mains and Hartshawmuir, with the pertinents ; and 
lands of Eailstoun, and ten pound lands commonly called Warnoklands, Glastry, 
Ganehill, the twa Wells, and third part of the lands of Ganeleich, with the pertinents. 



132 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

lying within our sliire of Ayr : and also the lands of Naristoun, with the pertinents, 
lying within our shire of Lanark : also an annualrent of ten merks usual money of our 
kingdom, of the lands of Mertuane, lying within our said shire of Ayr : and all and 
whole the lands of the baronies under written, to wit ; the Barony of Dairy, with the 
pertinents ; the Barony of Kilbride, with the pertinents ; the Barony of Nodisdale, 
with the pertinents ; and lands of Monfode ^ and the Flat, with the pertinents, lying 
within our said shire of Ayr : which lands above written, with the said castle and 
annualrent, with the pertinents, belonged to our beloved cousin Eobert Lord Boyd, 
father of the said Thomas, heritably ; and which lands, with the castle and annualrent 
foresaids, the same Eobert, not led by force or fear, nor fallen in error, nor circum- 
vented by fraud, but of his own mere and free will, personally surrendered, and purely 
and simply resigned in our hands, by staff and baton at Edinburgh before the under- 
written witnesses ; and wholly renounced for ever for himself and his heirs, all right 
and claim which he had or could have in the said lands, castle, and annualrent, with 
the pertinents : which ten pound lands foresaid of Warnok lands, Glastir, Ganehill, 
and the Twa Wells, and third part of Ganeleich, and lands of ISTaristoun, with the 
pertinents, we have annexed, incorporated, and united, and do by the tenor of this 
present charter for ever annex, incorporate, and unite, to the said Barony of Kilmar- 
nock : To be holden and had all and whole the foresaid lands with the castle of 
Kilmarnock and annualrent above mentioned, with the pertinents, to our beloved 
cousin Thomas Earl of Arran, and his heirs, of us and our heirs and successors, in fee 
and heritage for ever, by all their just, ancient, and divided measures, as they lie in 
length and breadth, in woods, plains, muirs, marshes, ways, paths, waters, pools, 
streams, meadows, pastures and pasturages, mills, multures and their sequels, fowlings, 
huntings, fishings, peat-mosses, turfings, coalheuchs, quarries stone and lime, smithies, 
brewhouses, brooms and heaths, with courts and their issues, herezelds, bloodwites, 
merchets of women, with tenants, tenandries, and services of free tenants, with gallows 
and pit, sok, sak, thoU, theme, infangaud thief, outfangand thief, and with all other and 
sundry freedoms, commodities, and easements, and just pertinents whatsoever, as well 
not named as named, belonging or that may in any way justly belong in future to the 
aforesaid lands, castle, and annualrent, and that as freely, quietly, fully, wholly, hon- 
ourably, well and in peace, in all and throughout all, as the said Eobert Lord Boyd, 
or his predecessors, held or possessed the foresaid lands, castle, and annualrent, with 
the pertinents, of us our heirs and successors, before the said resignation was made 
thereof to us : Eendering therefor annually the said Thomas Earl of Arran and his 
heirs, to us our heirs and successors, for the said castle of Kilmarnok, and the lands 
called the Holme Mains and the Dene Mains, and lands of Hartshawmuir, with the 
pertinents, one penny of silver of the usual money of our realm, on the feast of Pente- 
cost, at the said castle of Kilmarnok, in name of blench farm, if it is asked only ; and 
doing for the other lands and annualrent aforesaid, with the pertinents, the services 
due and wont : Eeserving, nevertheless, the frank tenement of all and sundiy the 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 133 

lands aforesaid, and of the castle and annualrent abovesaid, with the pertinents, to the 
said Eobert Lord Boyd, for all the time of his life, and a reasonable third part of the 
said lands and annualrent, with the pertinents, to the spouse of the said Eobert when 
it shall happen : In witness of which thing, to this our present charter we have 
ordered our great seal to be affixed, with the witnesses and of the date expressed in 
the next preceding charter. 

7. Mutual Agreement hetwixt the Earls of Argyle and Arran, Bishops of Glasgoiu 
and Aberdeen, Boher't Lord Boyd, and others, anent the Government of tlie King's 
person} [25th April 1468.] 

At Striveling the xxv day of the moneth of Aprile the yere of our lord j^iiij" sexty 
and aucht yeris at the bidding and command of oure soverane lord the King itt is 
appointit and fathfuUy promyctit betvix richt reverend faderis in Criste rycht noble 
and worschipfuU lordis underwritin with thare awin subscripcionys manuell in maner 
and forme as efter folowis, that is to say. That thai and ilkane of thaim sal remayn 
and abide with oure soverane lord the King and ilkane with uther in the furthputting 
of his autorite and ministratioune of justice tiU all his leigis, and rewling and govern- 
yng of his person autorite landis and g-udis according till his estate worschip and 
honour at all thare power bathe with thare personys and gudis agane ony personys that 
wald tend in the contrare tharof And attoure the said lordis bindis and oblisis thame 
fathfully ilkane till uder that na ane of thame sal tak upone hand to deliver conclude 
nor end ony gret mater concernyng the King the gude of the Eealme or justice 
withoute avise counsale and consent of the remanent of the lordis being present for 
the tym : and at thai sal mak the materis that salbe deliverit be the lordis in tyme 
to cum be put to dew execucioune and na breking nor varians to be maid therupon 
withoute avise consent and deliverans of all the lordis being present for the tym 
And at all the materis that beis deliverit and concludit be the lordis present salbe 
ratiiiit and approvit be thaim absent as thai had bene present therat and at thai salbe 
ilkane lele and trew till uder and stand in a fald lufe laute frendschip and kindnes 
and manteyn supple and defend utheris in all actiovnys causis and querellis lauchfuU 
and honest defens of thare lifis landis heretaige roumys office and nane of thaim to 
heir se nor wit harme scathe deide nor dishorising til uderis in ony wise bot thai sal 
warne utheris tharof in dew tyme and let it at all thare power. And attour the said 
lordis lelely and trewly promyctis that thai sail with all thare diligens assist to Eobert 
lord Bold and supple him in the governyng of the Kingis persone strenthis castelHs 
housis and all vther thingis grantit to him be our soverane lord in his parliament 
contenit in the lettres under the gret sele maid to him thareupon : And at thai sal 
induce and persuaid oure soverane lord to bald and schew his hart lufe favouris and 
sino-ulare tendernes to the said Eobert lord Bold. And attour the said lord Bold 

O 

1 Kilmarnock Writs, printed in Ahbotsford MiscelL, vol. i. p. 5. 



134 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

trewly promyctis that he sal do the counsale and avise of the remanent of the lordis of 
counsale underwritin in the rewling of our soveiane lordis persone justice autorite and 
gudis and do na grete niateris concernyng his hienes and the guid of the Eealme 
withoute thare avise and deliverans nor mak na varians nor broking in ony materis 
deliverit be thaim withoute thare avise and consent. And gif it happynnys him, as 
God forbeid, to falze or come in the contrare heirof he beand wamyt and reprevit be 
the lordis quharein he falzeis and nocht mendand nor reformand it agaue v^ith thare 
avise It salbe than lefuU to the remanent of the lordis all or part to pas thare way 
and be fre and dischargit of this band and to the observyng keping and fulfilling of all 
and sindri the thingis abonewritin in all poyntis and artikiUis forsaid all the lordis 
underwirtin ar lelely and treuly bundin and oblist til our soverane lord and ilkane till 
uder be the fathis of thare boydis the haly ewangelis be thame twichit and for the 
■witnessing heiroff has subscrivit this lettir to endure unto our soverane lordis aige of 
xxi yeris complete with thare awin handis day yere and place abonewritin. 
De speciali mandate nostro 

JAMES EEX. A. Epus f j 

Abbirden C. 

EEL of EEGYLE 
EOBT LOKD BOYD 

Erl of Aran 

YE PEE0E SELE LyNDSAY 

Archi^^^ Quhytelaw. 

8. Process and Sentence in Parliament against Robert Lord Boyd, Thomas his eldest son, 
and Sir Alexander Boyd of Brumcoll, Knight} \22d Novemler 1469.] 

Jacobus dei gracia Eex Scotorum procuratores Alexandri ducis Albanie comitis 
Marchie domini valKs Annandie et Mannie etc et Johannis comitis de Mar et Garvi- 
aucli ceterique comites magnates proceres barones civitatum et burgorum commissarii 
in Parliamento apud burgum de Edinburgh tento et inchoato vigesimo die mensis 
Novembris anno Domini millesimo quadringentesimo sexagesimo nono Universis ad 
quorum noticias presentes litere pervenerint salutem in omnium salvatore Vestre 
universitati notum facimus quod nos pro tribunali sedente vigesimo secundo die dicti 
mensis Novembris anni predicti coram nobis in pretorio burgi de Edinburgh in Parlia- 
mento prefato presentari et perlegi fecimus quasdam literas summonicionis capelle 
nostre sub sigillo officii Cancellarie sigillatas sufficienter et legittime executas et pro- 
batas vicecomiti et ballivis suis de Air directas et suo sigillo in testimonium execu- 
cionis earundem sigillatas pro summonicione Eoberti domini Boyd et Thome Boyd 
eius filii promogeniti emanatas Quarum quidem literarum virtute dicti Eobertus et 
Thomas apud capitale messuagium de Kilmarnok et apud crucem et forum dicti burgi 
•' Ads of the Parliament of Scotland, vol. ii. p. 186. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 135 

de Air legittime et peremptorie summoniti fuerunt ut luculenter apparebat per execu- 
cionem probacionem et indorsacionem vicecomitis predict! sub suo sigillo legittime 
factam dictisque literis et earundem probacione efc execucione publice perlectis dicti 
Eobertus et Thomas sepe vocati ad comparendura personaliter coram nobis dicto 
vigesimo secundo die mensis Novembris in Parliamento predicto ad respondendum 
nobis pro proditoria capcione nostre persone Eegie tempore nostre existentis in 
Scaccario nostro apud burgum nostrum de Lynlythqw nono die mensis Julii in anno 
Domini mUlesimo quadringentesimo sexagesimo sexto contra nostre voluntatis libitum 
et in contrarium acti Parliament! Necnon pro proditoria vituperacione et degradacione 
authoritatis et maiestatis nostre Eegie proditorie sumendo in se regimen et guberna- 
cionem nostre persone ac fratrum nostrorum Et pro quam plurimis aliis proditoriis 
actionibus rebellionibus criminibus et transgressionibus per dictos Eobertum 
et Thomam contra nos et in opprobrium nostre maiestatis commissis et per- 
petratis Quiquidem Eobertus et Thomas ut premittitur sepe vocati non comparue- 
runt tunc magister David Guthre de eodem clericus rotulorum et registri noster 
proloquutor de mandato nostro specially ad probandum et clare deliberandum dictos 
Eobertum et Thomam commisisse et perpetrasse proditoriam tradicionem in diversis 
transgressionibus predictis per ipsos perpetratis produxit et pronunciavit quam plures 
raciones allegaciones jura acta et statuta parliamentorum Quibus auditis et intellectis 
post longam communicacionem inter nos Barones et commissaries burgorum habitam 
et ad plenum intellectam comperimus dictos Eobertum et Thomam proditoriam 
commisisse tradicionem in omnibus articulis et actionibus precedentem proditoriam 
tradicionem tangentibus juxta acta et statuta Parliamentorum ac jura communia 
canonica et civilia ac eciam ipsos Eobertum et Thomam criminosos esse et fuisse in 
omnibus transgressionibus antedictis Tunc vero remotis omnibus et singulis dominis 
prelatis dicti Parliamenti et ceteris clericis infra sacros ordines constitutis quibus- 
cunque datum fuit pro judicio per os David Dempster de Carrelstoun judicatoris curie 
Parliamenti quod dicti Eobertus et Thomas pro dictis suis proditoriis criminibus per 
ipsos perpetratis ut expressum est et forisfecerunt eorum vitam et a se et eorum 
heredibus suas terras redditus et possessiones superioritates et of&cia ac omnia bona 
sua mobilia et immobilia ad usum et utilitatem nostram et successorum et assignatorum 
nostrorum hereditarie pro perpetuo applicanda Dicto etiam vigesimo secundo die 
mensis Novembris coram nobis in nostro parliamento predicto personaliter comparuit 
Alexander Boyd de DrumcoU ndles per consimiles literas summonicionis nostre capelle 
predicte alias legittime et peremptorie ac personaliter summonitus ad respondendum 
nobis pro proditoria capcione nostre persone Eegie tempore nostre existentis in scaccario 
nostro apud burgum de Lynlythqw ut supra contra nostre voluntatis libitum et in 
contrarium acti parliamenti in nostre Eegie maiestatis derogacionem et vituperacionem 
et pro quam plurimis aliis proditoriis actionibus criminibus et rebellionibus per dictum 
Alexandrum contra nostram regiam maiestatem commissis et perpetratis Post quarum 
quidem literarum summonicionis lecturam Lancilotus de Abirnethie noster proloquutor 



136 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

dictum dominum Alexandrum Boyd de proditoriis criminibus et transgressionibus 
predictis accusavit et calumniavit Quam calumniam ipse Alexander penitus denegavit 
et ad declaracionem assise subscripte se submisit videlicet consanguineorum nostrorum 
David comitis Crawfurdie Jacobi comitis de Mortoun Gulielmi domini Abernethie 
Georgii domini Seytoun Georgii domini Gordoun Alexandri domini Glamis Georgii 
domini Halyburtoun Walteri domini Lome Jobannis Discbingtoun de Ardros Arcbi- 
baldi Dundas de eodem Jobannis Stewart de Cragie Gulielmi thani de Calder Alex- 
andri Stratoun de Lawrestoun Jobannis Wardlaw de Eicbartoun et Georgii Campbell 
de Lowdoun vicecomitis nostri de Air Quibus personis magno sacramento inter- 
veniente tactis sacrosanctis Dei evangeliis juratis accusacionibus nostris necnon 
allegacionibus et racionibus dicti Alexandri perprius auditis et intellectis ipsisque de 
parliamento remotis et mature avisatis ac postea in eodem reintratis per os dicti 
Gulielmi domini de Abirnetby proloquutoris dicte assise decretum et deliberatum 
extitit dictum Alexandrum Boyd proditoriam tradicionem contra nos commisisse et 
reum criminosum et culpabilem in omnibus transgressionibus predictis esse et fuisse 
juxta acta et statuta parliamentorum et jura communia canonica et civilia Tunc vero 
remotis omnibus et singulis dominis prelatis dicti nostri parliamenti ac ceteris clericis 
infra sacros ordines constitutis quibuscunque datum fuit pro judicio per os David 
Dempster de Carrelstoun Judicatoris predicti caput dicti Alexandri Boyd supra 
montem Castri de Edinburgh pro suis proditoriis criminibus per ipsum perpetratis a 
suo corpore amputari et decoUari Et quod terras suas redditus et possessiones superi- 
oritates et officia cum pertinenciis ac omnia bona sua mobilia et immobilia pro per- 
petuo forisfecit a se et suis beredibus ad usum et utilitatem nostrum nostrorumque 
successorum et assignatorum bereditarie et perpetuo applicanda Preterea vio-esimo 
septimo die mensis Novembris anni predicti in dicto nostro parliamento de consensu 
et unaninii assensu omnium et singulorum prelatorum baronum burgorum commissari- 
orum et liberi tenendum tres status Eegni nostri representancium statutum extitit et 
ordinatum quod omnia et singula dominia terre et castra cum eorum pertinenciis 
inferius eorum propriis nominibus designata videUcet dominium de Bute cum castro 
de Eotbesay dominium de Arran dominium de Cowalle cum castro de Dunnune 
comitatus de Carrik terre de Dundonnald cum castro eiusdem baronia de Eenfrew 
cum terris et tenandriis eiusdem dominium de Stewartoun dominium de Kilmarnok 
cum castro eiusdem dominium de Dairy terre de ISToddisdaill terre de Kilbryde 
terre de Nairstoun terre de Cavertoun cum omnibus et singulis annexis superiori- 
'tatibus et pertinenciis omnium et singularum Comitatus Dominiorura Baroniarum et 
terrarum prescriptarum necnon Trarinzean DrumcoU Trabacb cum fortalicio eiusdem 
Principibus primogenitis Eegum Scocie successorum nostrorum perpetuis temporibus 
futuris uniantur incorporentur et annexentur necnon quod terre de Telin^ cum annuo 
redditu de Brecbyne que olim fuerunt dicti Tbome Boyd jacentes infra vicecomitatum 
de Forfar nobis et successoribus nostris Eegibus Scocie ac juri nostre corone Ee^ie 
perpetuis futuris temporibus uniantur incorporentur et annexentur ac presentium 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 137 

ordinacionis et statuti vigore realiter unita fuit incorporata et annexata Ita quod non 
erit licitum nobis aut successoribus nostris quibuscunque Scocie Eegibus aut Princi- 
pibxis primogenitis ut predictum est prefata dominia terras castra vel aliquam partem 
eorum vUo tempore futuro cuicunque persone cuiuscunque status vel condicionis 
existat in feodo aut libero tenemento dare vel concedere seu a jure et proprietate 
corone Eegie et principibus primogenitis quovismodo alienare nisi ipsa douacio vel 
alienacio fuerit de avisamento matura deliberacione et decreto parliament! trium 
statuum Eegni nostri Et hoc etiam pro evidente commodo et manifesta utUitate nostra 
et successorum nostrorum Et si aliquod vel aliqua de dominiis terris vel castris ante- 
dictis per nos aut successores nostros aut Principes primogenitos nostros successores 
futuris temporibus absque matura deliberacione consensu et decreto parliamenti vel 
preter evidens commodum et manifestam utilitatem nostram et Principum primo- 
genitorum successorum nostrorum ut premittitur quovismodo fieri contingat Que 
donacio seu alienacio cuiusmodi taliter facta nullius sit penitus roboris vel momenti 
Quinimmo licitum erit nobis Principibus primogenitis successoribus Scocie Eegibus 
prefatas alienaciones contra presentis statuti tenorem et vigorem factas seu faciendas 
penitus revocare ipsaque dominia terras et castra sic alienata ad jus et proprietatem 
nostre corone Eegie et principibus primogenitis nostris successoribus et ad usus 
proprios absque processu quocunque judiciario desuper habendo pro nostro libito et 
voluntate libera reassumere In quorum omnium et singulorum fidem et testimonium 
premissorum magnum sigillum nostrum apponi precipimus unacum sigillis quorundam 
eoram ibidem existentium prelatorum baronuni et burgorum comraissariorum sunt 
appensa anno die mense et loco prescriptis. 

Abstract. 

Act of Parliament narrating that Eobert Lord Boyd and Thomas Boyd his eldest 
son were duly summoned before the tribunal of Parliament, in the Court House of the 
burgh of Edinburgh, on the 22d of November 1469, to answer for their treasonable 
seizing of the king's person at Linlithgow on the 9th of July 1466, against his 
Majesty's will, and contrary to Act of Parliament ; and also for their treasonably 
abusing and degrading of the king's authority and majesty, by taking upon themselves 
the government of his person and of his brothers, and for other treasonable actions and 
crimes ; and that the said Eobert and Thomas not having obeyed the summons, were 
found guilty of treason as libelled, and their sentence pronounced by the mouth of David 
Dempster of Carrelstoun, to the effect that they had forfeited their lives, and that their 
lands, of&ces, and goods were forfeited to his Majesty's use. Further, that Alexander Boyd 
of Drumcoll, knight, having also been summoned on the said day, for the same crimes, 
appeared personally to answer therefor ; and having been accused by Launcelot of Aber- 
nethy, his Majesty's prolocutor, he altogether denied his guilt, and submitted himself 
to the declaration of an assize, composed of George Earl of Crawford, James Earl 

T 



138 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

of Mortoun, William Lord Abernethy, George Lord Seytoun, George Lord Gordon, 
Alexander Lord Glammis, George Lord Halyburton, Walter Lord Lome, John 
Dishington of Ardros, Archibald Dundas of that ilk, John Stewart of Cragie, William, 
Thane of Calder, Alexander Straton of Laurieston, John Wardlaw of Pdchartown, and 
George Campbell of Lowdoun, Sheriff of Ayr, who having been sworn, and after 
deliberation, found the said Alexander Boyd guilty ; whereupon sentence was given 
that his head should be struck off from his body on the Castlehill of Edinburgh, and 
his estates forfeited to the crown. And further, that on the 27th of November of the 
same year, the Parliament ordained the Lordship of Bute with the Castle of Eothesay ; 
the Lordships of Arran and Cowall, with the Castle of Dunoon ; the Earldom of Carrick, 
the lands and castle of Dundonald, barony of Eenfrew ; Lordships of Stewartoun and 
Kilmarnock, with the castle thereof; Lordship of Dairy, and lands of ISToddisdale, 
Kilbryde, Nairston, and Caverton, with the lands of Trarinzean, DrumcoU, and 
Trabach, to belong to the first born princes of the kings of Scotland ; and the lands of 
Teling, with an annualrent from Brechin which belonged to the said Thomas Boyd, 
in the shire of Porfar, to be annexed to the crown, under the provisions expressed in 
the said Act of Parliament, which is confirmed under the great seal, with the seals of 
certain of the prelates, barons, and commons in Parliament assembled. 



9. Memorandum of Crown Charter to Mary Lady Hamilton, of the frank tenement 
of the Barony of Teling and others} [14iA. October 1482.] 

Datafuit carta Marie domine Hammiltoun de libere tenemento omnium et singularum 
terrarum dominiorum baroniarum et annul redditus infrascriptorum cum pertinenciis 
pro toto tempore vite sue que et qui fuerunt quondam Eoberti olim domini Bold et 
quondam Tliome Bold militis sui filii videlicet omnium terrarum baronie de Teljmg 
cum pertinenciis cum tenentibus et tenandriis iacencium infra vicecomitatum de Forfar 
terrarum de Cavertoun cum pertinenciis incencium infra vicecomitatum de Eoxburgh 
terrarum de Naristoun cum pertinenciis cum tenentibus et tenandriis iacencium infra 
vicecomitatum de Lanark ; terrarum de Polgavy cum pertinenciis iacencium infra 
vicecomitatum de Perth et annul redditus decem librarum de terris de Brechty cum 
pertinenciis iacencium infra vicecomitatum de Porfare de data xiiij Octobris Anno 
Domini j"* iiii*^ Ixxxij. 

Abstract. 

Charter was given to Mary Lady Hamilton of the frank tenement of the Barony of 
Teling, in the shire of Forfar ; the lands of Cavertoun, in the shire of Eoxburgh ; lands 
of Nairstoun, in the shire of Lanark ; lands of Polgavy, in the shire of Perth ; and an 
annualrent of £10 out of the lands of Brechty, in the shire of Forfar, which belonged 

^ Registrum Magni Sigilli, lib. x. No. 35. 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 139 

to the late Eobert, sometime Lord Boyd, and to the late Thomas Boyd, knight, his son. 
Dated 14th October 1482. 



10. Memorandum of Crown Charter to Mary Lady Hamilton of ths frank tenement of 
the Barony of Kilmarnock and others} [lAth Odoher 1482.] 

Data fuit alia carta Marie Domine Hammiltoun de eadem data prescripta de lihero 
tenemento omnium et singularum terrarum dominiorum baroniarum castri et annui 
redditus infrascriptorum tentorum de principe que et qui fuerunt quondam Eoberti 
olim domini Boid et Thome Boid militis filii sui videlicet terrarum baronie de Kilmar- 
nok cum castro ac tenentibus et tenandriis eiusdem baronie terrarum baronie de Dairy 
et Kilbridy cum tenentibus et tenandriis terrarum de Noddisdale et Munfoid cum 
pertinenciis iacencium in Dominio de Cunyngham infra vicecomitatum de Are : terrarum 
de Eivisdalemur Eailstoun et Plat cum pertinenciis iacencium infra dictum vicecomi- 
tatum terrarum de Ganenhill Warnokland duarum Wellis mercate de Gavenleth cum 
pertinenciis terrarum de Ormishewch, DoUywra, Pottartoun, Dryrig, Bollinschaw, 
Chapeltoun, MylnetOun, Crevach, Cuttiswra, Corshill, Clertland, Blaklaw, Harschaw, 
Cokilvy, duarum mercatarum cum dimidia terrarum de nethir Eobertland iacencium 
in dominio de Stewartoun infra dictum vicecomitatum et decem mercatarum annui 
redditus de terris baronie de Mertuane cum pertinenciis iacencium infra eiusdem 
vicecomitatum. 

Abstract. 

Charter was given to Mary Lady Hamilton of the frank tenement of the barony of 
Kilmarnock, with the castle thereof ; the barony of Dairy and Kilbride, the lands of 
Noddisdale and Munfoid, in the lordship of Cunningham and shire of Ayr ; lands of 
Eivisdalemure, Eailstown, and Flat, in the same shire ; lands of Ganenhill, Warnok- 
land, Two Wells, merkland of Gavenleth ; lands of Ormesheuch, DoUywra, Pottartoun, 
Dryrig, Bollinshaw, Chapeltoun, etc., in the lordship of Stewarton and shire of Ayr ; 
and ten merks of annualrent out of the barony of Mertuane, in the same shire, which 
belonged to the late Eobert Lord Boyd and Thomas his son. Dated 14th October 1482. 



11. Instrument of Sasine in favour of James Lord Boyd, of the Barony of 
Kilmarnock, etc? [22d October 1482.] 

In Dei nomine. Amen, per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter et sit notum quod anno Incarnacionis dominice millesimo quadringentesimo 
octuagesimo secundo mensis vero Octobris die vicesimo secundo indictione prima pon- 

' Eegistrum Magni Sigilli, lib. x. No. 36. ^ Kilmarnock Writs. 



140 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

tificatus sanctissiini in Christo patris ac domini nostii domini Sixti diviiia providentia 
pape quarti anno eius duodecimo In mei notarii publici et testium subscriptorum pre- 
sencia personaliter constitutus honorabilis vir Eobertus Mure dominus de Powkelle 
vicecomes in hac parte de Ayr et ballivus de Conynghame supremi domini nostri regis 
vigore cuiusdam precepti sasine capelle ipsius desuper directi personaliter accessit ad 
castrum de Kylmernok et ibidem tradidit donavit et deliberavit nobUi et illustri 
domino Jacobo domino Boyde sasinam hereditariam statum et possessionem omnium 
et singularum terrarum tocius baronie de Kylmernok cum castro predicto tenentibus 
et tenaudriis ac aliis suis pertinenciis secundum tenorem carte dicti supremi domini 
nostri regis sibi desuper confecte per tradicionem terre et lapidis ut in consimilibus 
moris est Eeservato tamen libero tenemento dictarum terrarum tocius baronie de 
Kylmernok cum castro tenentibus tenandriis et pertinenciis earundem Marie domine 
Hammiltoun matri dicti Jacobi domini Boyde pro toto tempore vite ipsius domine 
Super quibus omnibus et singulis prefatus Jacobus dominus Boyde a me notario 
publico subscripto sibi fieri peciit unum vel plura instrumentum vel instrumenta 
Acta erant hec infra castrum predictum de Kylmernok apud portam ferream eiusdem 
hora undecima ante merediem vel eo circa sub anno mense die indiccione et pontifi- 
catu quibus supra presentibus ibidem Georgeo Maxwell de Carsaloch Alexandre 
Boyde avunculo dicti domini Arcbibaldo Boyde Johanne Boyde fratribus Archibaldo 
Craufurde de Crawfurdland Eoberto DalzeU Alexandre Fowlfurd Alexandro Hamil- 
toun Eoberto Craufurd Johanne Craufurd Thoma Boyde et Jacobo Moncreif testibus 
ad premissa vocatis specialiter et requisitis etc. 

Et ego Johannes Wilzamsoun presbyter Glasguensis diocesis publicus imperiali 
et regali auctoritatibus notarius predicte sasine donacioni et eiusdem 
recepcioni ceterisque omnibus et singulis premissis dum sic agerentur 
dicerentur et sic fierint una cum prenominatis testibus presens interfui ea 
que sic fieri vidi scivi et audivi ac in notam cepi Ideoque hoc presens 
publicum instrumentum manu mea propria scriptum confeci publicavi et 
in banc formam publicam redegi signoque et nomine meis solitis et con- 
suetis signavi et subscripsi in fidem et testimonium veritatis omnium et 
singulorum premissorum rogatus et requisitus, etc. 

Johannes Wilzamsone. 
Abstract. 

Instrument of Sasine, proceeding on precept from Chancery addressed to Eobert 
Mure, Lord of Powkelly, sheriff of Ayr in that part, in favour of James Lord Boyd, 
of the lands of the Barony of Kilmarnock, and the castle thereof, reserving the frank 
tenement of the same to Mary Lady Hamilton, mother of the said Lord James. 
Done at the Castle of Kilmarnock, at the iron gate thereof, at eleven o'clock before 
noon, on the 22d October 1482 : The witnesses present being Alexander Boyd, uncle 
of the said Lord James, and Archibald and John Boyd brothers, etc. 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 141 

12. Instrument of Sasine in favour of James Lord Boyd, of the lands of Monfod, 
Kilbryd, Flat, Ravisdalemure, Dairy, etc} [25th October 1482.] 

In Dei nomine, Amen, per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat evi- 
denter et sit notum quod anno incarnacionis Dominice millesimo quadringentesimo 
octuagesimo-secundo mensis vero Octobris die vicesimo quinto indiccione prima ponti- 
ficatus sanctissimi in Christi patris ac domini nostri domini Sixti divina providencia 
pape quarti anno eius duodecimo In mei notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presen- 
cia personaliter constitutus honorabilis vir Eobertus Mure de PowkeUe vicecomes de Ayr 
et ballivus de Conyngbame in hac parte supremi domini nostri regis vigore cuiusdani 
precepti sasine capelle ipsius sibi desuper directi personaliter accessit ad omnes et 
singulas terras et baronias subscriptas et ibidem tradidit et donavit circumspecto viro 
Archebaldo Boydelegittimoactornato nobilis et prepotentis domini Jacobi domini Boyde 
sasinam hereditariam statum et possessionem omnium et singularum terrarum de 
Montfoyde cum pertinenciis : Et secundo ac consequenter omnium terrarum baronie 
de Kilbryde cum tenentibus et tenandriis ac aliis pertinenciis eiusdem : Tercio omnium 
terrarum de Flat cum pertinenciis : Quarto omnium terrarum baronie de Nodisdaill 
cum tenentibus et tenandriis eiusdem ac aliis pertinenciis eiusdem : Quinto omnium ter- 
rarum de Eavisdaillmur cum pertinenciis : Sexto baronie de Dairy cum tenentibus et 
tenandriis eiusdem ac aliis pertinenciis per tradicionem terre et lapidis ut moris est ad 
singulas terras et baronias predictas secundum tenorem carte dicti supremi domini 
nostri regis sibi Jacobo domino Boyde desuper confecti Super quibus omnibus et 
singulis dictus Archebaldus Boyde actornatus ut supra dicti Jacobi domini Boyde a 
me notario publico subscripto sibi fieri peciit publicum sen publica instrumentum sen 
instrumenta ad singula loca suprascripta Acta erant bee primo apud principale 
messuagium terrarum de Montfoyde hora nona ante merediem vel eo circa hiis testi- 
bus Johanne Boyde Jacobo Fawk Thoma Dunsyare Jacobo Boyde Patricio Boyll 
Henrico Steill et Carolo Dawrumpill : Secundo apud principale manerium baronie de 
Kylbryde bora decima ante meridiem vel eo circa coram hiis testibus magistro Jacobo 
Brone vicario de Kylbryde Eoberto Boyde Patricio Boyll Thoma Boyde clerico paro- 
chiali David Gillys et Thoma GiUis : Tercio apud principale messuagium terrarum de 
Flat hora xj ante meridiem vel eo circa coram hiis testibus Georgii Mongumry de 
Scaylmur Villelmo Boyle de Caylburne Willelmo Kelsoland inferiori domino Arche- 
baldo Card capellano Johanne FresaU et Eoberto Thomsoun : Quarto apud principale 
manerium baronie de Nodisdaill hora xij vel eo circa merediem coram hiis testibus 
Johanne Kelsoland de eodem Johanne Beith Hugone Beith Johanne Jamesoun Thoma 
Boyde Johanne Symsoun Johanne Alexandersoun et Alexandre Brone : Quinto apud 
domum Patricii Hanyng in Eywisdaillmur hora secunda post merediem vel eo circa 
testibus Caralo Dawrumpill Patricio Boyll et Patricio Hanyng : Sexto apud principale 
manerium baronie de Dairy hora quarta post merediem vel eo circa testibus Thoma 

1 Kilmarnock Writs. 



142 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

Boyde dominis G-awino Herwy et Thoma Craufurde capellanis sub anno mense die 
indiccione et pontificatu quibus supra testibus ad premissa vocatis pariter et rogatis 
jacentes infra vicecomitatum et balliam predictam. 

Et ego Johannes Wilzamsone presbyter Glasguensis diocesis publicus imperiali 

et regali auctoritatibus notarius predictarum sasinarum donacionibus et 

earundem recepcionibus ceterisque omnibus et singulis premissis dum sic 

agerentur dicerentur et fierent unacum prenominatis testibus presens inter- 

fui eaque sic fieri vidi scivi et audivi ac in notam cojpi ex qua hoc publicum 

instrumentum manu mea propria scriptum confectum publicavi et in banc 

publicam formam redegi signoque et nomine meis solitis et consuetis signavi 

et subscripsi in fidem et testimonium veritatis omnium premissorum rogatus 

et requisitus. -r tTr 

^ Johannes Wilzamsone. 

Abstract. 

Instrument of Sasine, proceeding on Precept from Chancery, in favour of James Lord 
Boyd, for whom Archibald Boyd appeared as attorney, of the lands of Monfod, barony 
of Kilbryde, lands of Flat, barony of Nodisdale, lands of Eavisdalemure, barony of 
Dairy, etc. Done at the chief messuage of Monfode at nine o'clock forenoon ; then 
at the manor-house of Kilbryde at eleven ; at the chief messuage of Flat at the same 
hour ; at the manor-house of Nodisdale at noon ; at the house of Patrick Hanyng in 
Eywisdalemure at two o'clock, and at the manor-house of Dairy at four o'clock after- 
noon, before the witnesses respectively named in the deed, on 25th October 1482. 



13. Sasine in favour of James Lord Boyd, of the lands of Ormscleuch, Chapelton and 
others, in the Lordship of Steivarton} \2&th October 1482.] 

In dei nomine, amen : Per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter et sit notum quod anno Incarnacionis Dominice millesimo quadringentesimo 
octuagesimo secundo mensis vero Octobris die vicesimo sexto indiccione prima pontifi- 
catus sanctissimi in Christo patris ac domini nostri domini sexti divina providencia pape 
quarti anno eius duo decimo In mei notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presencia 
personaliter constitutus honorabilis vir Eobertus Mur de PowkeUe vicecomes de Air et 
balUvus de Conynghame in hac parte supremi Domini nostri regis vigore cujusdam 
precepti sasine ipsius capelle directi personaliter accessit ad terras de Stewartone 
jacentes infra vicecomitatum de Air et balliam predictam de Conyghame et ibidem 
tradidit donavit et deliberavit circumspecto viro Archebaldo Boyd legittimo actornato 
nobilis et prepotentis domini Jacobi domini Boyd sasinam hereditariam statum et 
possessionem omnium et singularum terrarum de Ormyscleuch ac eciam terrarum de 

1 Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 143 

Chapelton BoUynschaw Dririg le Mylnton Crewocht Dollywraa Pottarton Cuttiswraa 
Cokilbe Corshil Clerkland le Blaklaw le Hairschaw et duarum mercatarum terrarum 
cum dimedia mercata terrarum de nether Eobertland jacencium in dominio de Stewarton 
et vicecomitatum de Air cum pertinenciis earundem terrarum Per tradicionem terre et 
lapidis ut moris est secundum tenorem carte dicti supremi domini nostri regis sibi 
Jacobo domino Boyd desuper confecte Eeservato tamen libero tenemento omnium 
terrarum predictarum illustri domine Marie domine Hammiltoun matri dicti Jacobi 
domini Boyd pro toto tempore vite ipsius Domine super quibus omnibus et singulis 
prefatus Archebaldus actornatus ut supra nomine et ex parte dicti Jacobi domini Boyd 
a me notario publico subscripto sibi fieri peciit publicum seu publica instrumentum 
seu instrumenta Acta erant hec primo apud antiques muros de Ormysheuch hora 
nona ante merediem vel eo circa secundo apud Pottarton et Dollywraa hora undecima 
ante merediem vel eo circa Tercio apud le Chapelton BoUynschaw Dririg Mylnton 
Crevocht hora duodecima in tempore merediei quarto apud Cokilby Cuttiswraa Nethir 
Eobertland Corshill et Clerkland hora secunda post merediem vel eo circa Quinto apud 
Blaklaw et Harishaw hora tercia post merediem vel eo circa sub anno die mense 
indiccione et pontificatu quibus supra presentibus ibidem honorabilibus et discretis 
viris Carolo Dawrumpill Johanne Ahar Johanne Huchunsoun Johanne Knok Johanne 
Bog Peris de Strazern Johanne Weir Johanne Broster Eoberto Falow et Eichardo 
Loudon testibus ad premissa vocatis pariter et rogatis. 

Et ego Johannes Wikamsone, etc. (in forma communi). 

Absteact. 

Instrument of Sasine proceeding on Precept from Chancery in favour of James 
Lord Boyd, of the lands of Ormyscleuch, Chapelton, BoUynschaw, Dryrig, the Milnton, 
Crevoch, DoUywrae, Potterton, Cuttiswrae, Cokilbe, Corshil, Clerkland, the Blacklaw, 
the Hairshaw, and two merks of the half merk lands of Nether Eobertland, in the 
Lordship of Stewarton and shire of Ayr. Eeserving the frank tenement of the said 
lands to Mary Lady Hamilton, mother of the said Lord James : Done at the ancient 
walls of Ormyscleuch at nine, at Pottartoun and DoUywra at eleven forenoon, at the 
Chapelton, etc., at noon, at Cokilby, etc., at two, and at Blaklaw, etc., at three o'clock 
afternoon, of 26th October 1482. 



14. Instrument on the citation of the Freeholders and Barons of Forfarshire, lopon 
the service of Margaret Boyd, Lady Forles, as heir to her brother James Boyd} 
[21 th March 1495.] 

In dei nomine, amen : Per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat eviden- 
ter quod anno incarnacionis dominice miUesimo quadringentesimo nonagesimo quinto, die 

' Kilmarnock Writs. 



144 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

vero meusis Marcii vicesimo septimo, indiccione decima tercia, pontiiicatus sanctissimi 
domini nostri domini Alexandri pape octavi anno tercio, in mei notarii publici et 
testium subscriptorum presencia personaliter constitutus providus vir Patricius Hom- 
yltoun sariandus deputatus per discretum et providum virum Patricium Homyltoun 
unum vicecomitum deputatorum per suppremum dominum regem ut luculenter patet 
per unum breve capelle regie impetratum per honorabilem dominam Margaretam 
Boyd dominam de Forbes sororem et apparentem heredem quondam Jacobi Boyde de 
cuius deputacionis mandato michi constabat accessit ad crucem ville de Forfar, vocato 
que sibi discrete viro Jacobo Richardson communi clerico eiusdem burgi de Forfar, 
rogavit eundem Jacobum ut predictum suum mandatum deputacionis sue sariandrie 
publice legeret, una cum brevi eciam capelle regie populo circumstanti insinuaret et 
manifestaret ; quibusquidem per eundem Jacobum communem clericum sic perlectis et 
in vulgari manifestatis, predictus Patricius Homyltoun, sariandus deputatus monuit et 
citavit omnes et singulos libere tenentes et barones predicti comitatus de Forfar ad 
comparendum in pretorio ville de Air coram prepotentibus dominis per commissionem 
suppremi domini nostri regis deputatis videlicet, Patricio comite de Bothuile, Alexandre 
domino de Hwme, magno camerario Scocie, Hugone Cambell de Lowdoun, Roberto 
Homyltoun de Fyngaltoun, Jacobo Homyltoun de Shawfeld et Patricio Homyltoun in 
hac parte vicecomitibus, ad serviendum unum breve inquisicionis terrarum jacencium 
in vicecomitatibus de Air Lanrik Edinburgh Perth and Forfar secundum omnes et 
singulos punctos et precepta in eodem brevi capelle regie contenta decimo die mensis 
Aprilis proximo future : Super quibus omnibus et singulis prescriptus Patricius Hom- 
iltouu sariandus ut supra deputatus a me notario publico subscripto sibi fieri peciit 
unum vel plura publicum sen publica instrumentum seu instrumenta Acta fuerunt 
hec in burgo de Forfar predicto prope crucem communis fori ut raoris est hora quasi 
quarta . post meridiem vel eo circa sub anno die mense indiccione et pontificatu 
quibus supra presentibus ibidem honorabilibus et discretis viris videlicet dominis 
David Mortymar et Johanne Keyr capellanis, David Watsoun David Rychardsoun 
Jacobo de Fontibus Johanne Kede et Johanne Taylzour laycis predicteque ville 
burgensibus fide dignis testibus ad premissa vocatis specialiter et rogatis. 

Et ego Johannes de Camera presbyter Aberdonensis, etc. (in communi forma). 

Abstkact. 

Notarial Instrument on the citation of the Freeholders and Barons of Forfarshire, 
to compear in the Court of the Burgh of Ayr on the 10 th of April following, before 
the deputies appointed by commission from the King, for serving a brieve of Inquest 
obtained by Lady Margaret Boyd, Lady Forbes, sister and apparent heir of the deceased 
James Boyd, in lands lying in the counties of Ayr, Lanark, Edinburgh, Perth, and 
Forfar. Done near the market-cross of Forfar on 27th March 1495. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 145 

15. Instniment on the Premonition made to King James the Fourth, of the service 
of Margaret Boyd, Lady Forbes, to her brother James lord Boyd} [3d July 
1495. J 

In Dei nomine, amen : Per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat evi- 
denter at sit notum quod anno ab incarnacione domini millesimo quadringentesimo nona- 
gesimo quinto die iij* mensis Julii, indiccione xiij pontificatus sanctissimi in Christo 
patris ac domini nostri domini Alexandri divina providencia pape sexti anno tercio, in 
mei notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presencia personaliter constitutus nobiUs 
dominus Alexander dominus Hwme, camerarius supremi domini nostri regis com- 
rnissariusque et vicecomes in hac parte specialiter constitutus et pro executione 
sui officii juratus accessit ad presenciam excellentissimi illustrissimi et serenissimi 
principis et domini nostri Jacobi quarti Scotorum regis modern! et suam excellenciam 
certificavit et premunivit quod certa brevia inquisicionis capelle sue ad instanciam 
Margarete Bold sororis germane quondam Jacobi domini Boyd exequenda erant vice- 
simo septimo die instantis mensis Julii in pretorio Edinburgi bora consueta ubi et 
quando dicta Margareta prout presumebatur proposuit prosequi terras in quibus dictus 
suus frater germanus obiit ultimo vestitus et sasitus ut de feodo et sic si sua maiestas 
regia habuit aliquod contra execucionem dictorum brevium vel processum opponeret 
de execucione dictorum brevium ipse nullam justam pretenderet ignoranciam: Quiquid 
supremus dominus noster rex se certificatum et premunitum ad dictos diem et locum 
pro suo iuteresse fatebatur fuisse et ex sua speciali gracia huiusmodi certificacionem 
et premunicionem legittimas approbavit, ratificavit et admisit sicut spacium quad- 
raginta dierum habuissent non obstante quod tempus huiusmodi premunicionis brevius 
tempus quam quadraginta dierum a tempore deservicionis dictorum brevium continebat : 
Super quibus omnibus et singulis premissis prefata Margareta domina Forbes a me 
notario publico subscripto sibi fieri peciit publicum seu publica instrumentum seu 
instrumenta : Acta erant hec in opido sive palacio reverendissimi in Christo patris ac 
domini Eoberti Dei et apostolice sedis gracia archiepiscopi Glasguensis hora quasi 
octava post meridiem sub anno die mense indiccione et pontificatu prescriptis, presenti- 
bus nobilibus et potentibus dominis Archibaldo comite Angucie et cancellario Scocie, 
Cuthberto domino Kilmawris, Matheo Stewart, filio et herede apparent! comitis de 
Lenax et Vilelmo Dowglas herede Jacobi Dowglas de Drumlangrigh, testibus ad 
premissa vocatis specialiter et rogatis. 

Et ego Johannes de Thornton Glasguensis diocesis presbiter, etc. (in communi 
forma). 

Abstract. 
Notarial Instrument narrating that on the 3d of July 1495, Alexander, Lord Hume, 



o 

' Kilmarnoch Writs. 



V 



146 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

Chamberlain of the King, and Commissary and Sheriff in that part specially constituted, 
and sworn for the execution of his office, went to the presence of the most excellent, 
illustrious, and serene Prince, James the Fourth, King of Scots, and certified and pre- 
monished his Excellency, that certain brieves of inquest of his chancery were to be 
executed at the instance of Margaret Boyd, sister-german of the deceased James Lord 
Boyd, on the 27th day of July instant, in the court-house of Edinburgh, where and 
when, as was presumed, the said Margaret proposed to make suit for the lands in 
which her said brother died last vest and seized as of fee, and so if his Majesty had 
anything to object against execution of the said brieves, he might pretend no just 
ignorance of the said execution : whereupon the King acknowledged that he was 
certified and premonished as to the said day and place for his interest ; and of 
his special favour approved, ratified, and admitted the said certification and premoni- 
tion as lawful, just as if they had the space of forty days, notwithstanding that the 
time of this premonition was shorter than forty days from the time of the service of 
the said brieves : whereupon the said Margaret craved instruments. Done in the 
castle or palace of Robert Archbishop of Glasgow, at eight o'clock in the evening of 
the day aforesaid. 

16. Instrument on the. Proclaination of the Brieve of Service of Margaret Boyd, 
widow of Alexander Lord Forbes} [9th July 1495.] 

In Dei nomine, amen : Per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat evi- 
denter et sit notum, quod anno ab incarnacione Domini, millesimo quadringentesimo 
nonagesimo quinto, die vero mensis Julii nono, indictione decima tercia, pontificatus 
sanctissimi in Christo patris et domini nostri domini Alexandri, divina providencia 
pape sexti, anno tercio, in mei notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presencia, per- 
sonaliter accessit Johannes Hamiltoune, seriandus in hac parte constitutus, ad crucem 
foralem burgi de Lanerk, bora nona diei ante merediem, et ibidem ad mandatum 
providi viri Eogeri Clelande in hac parte vicecomitis presentis, quoddam breve inquisi- 
cionis capeUe supreme domini nostri regis, pro Margareta Bold, sponsa quondam 
Alexandri domini Forbes, secundum tenorem eiusdem publice proclamabat fore 
serviendum in pretorio burgi de Edinburgh die Lune vicesimo septimo die mensis 
Julij supradicti, coram vicecomitibus in hac parte constitutis coniunctim et divisim 
contentis in dicto brevi supreme domini nostri regis ; citans omnes et singulos barones 
et locum tenentes vicecomitatus de Lanerk, in predicta proclamatione, quod comparerent 
ibidem prescriptis die et loco super servicione eiusdem : Super quibus omnibus et 
singulis prefatus Eogerus Cleland a me notario publico subscripto sibi fieri peciit 
publicum instrumentum seu publica instrumenta : Acta erant hec ad prescriptum 
crucem foralem antedicti burgi, hora nona ante meridiem, vel eo circa, sub anno, die, 
mense, indictione et pontificatu quibus supra presentibus ibidem, providis et discretis 

1 Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 147 

viris, videlicet Thoma Weir, Johanna Mowat, ballivis dicti burgi, Andrea Williamsone, 
Johanne Doby, Willelmo Pursell, Willelmo Dikesone, Roberto Pedecrw, Thoma Lumis- 
daill, Thoma Bannathyne, Johanne Madar, et domino Adam Frame, capellano, testibus 
ad premissa, vocatis, pariter et requisitis. 

Et ego Johannes Stephani presbiter Glasguensis, etc. (in communi forma). 

Abstract. 
Notarial Instrument on the Proclamation of the Brieve of Chancery for the Service 
of Margaret Boyd, widow of Alexander Lord Forbes, at the market-cross of Lanark, 
by John Hamiltoun, serjeant in that part, citing the barons and lieutenants of the 
shire of Lanark to appear for that purpose in the court-house of Edinburgh, on Monday 
the 27th of July following. 

1 7. Letters of Procuratory hy Alexander Boid in Kilmarnock, to David Colville mid 
others, to obtain a Dispensation for his Marriage with Janet Colville} [3d 
October 1505.] 

In Dei nomine amen per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat evidenter 
et sit notum quod anno Incarnacionis dominice millesimo quingentesimo quinto mensis 
vero Octobris die tercia indiccione nona pontificatusque sanctissimi in Christo patris 
et domini nostri domini Julii divina providencia pape secundi anno secundo. In mei 
notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presencia personaliter constitutus nobilis vir 
Alexander Boid in Kilmarnock omnibus meloribus modo via et forma quibus melius 
et efficacius potuit et debuit fecit constituit creavit nominavit et solempniter ordinavit 
nobiles viros David ColvUe Jacobum Colvile Philippum Colvile Georgium Morane 
et dominum Andream Mechelsone capellanum et eorum quemlibet insolidum coni- 
unctini et divisim suos veros legitimes et indubitatos procuratores actores factores et 
negociorum suorura gestores ac nuncios speciales et generales Dando et concedendo 
dictis suis procuratoribus et eorum cuilibet suam veram liberam puram et expressam 
potestatem ac mandatum speciale et generale ad comparendum pro se et nomine suo 
coram venerabili in Christo patre et domino domino Jacobo paciencia Dei abbate de 
Dunfermlyne eiusve deligatis seu deligandis quibuscunque diebus et locis et ibidem 
quamdam dispensacionem sive affirmacionem matrimonii alias contracti inter ipsum 
constituentem et Jonetam Colvile suam pretensam sponsam super tercio et tercio ac 
quarto et quarto gradibus consanguinitatis inter eosdem existentibus ISTecnon super 
quibuscunque aliis impedimentis levandum impetrandum et optinendum ac proles 
inter eosdem procreatas seu procreandas legittimari petendum unum quoque vel 
plures procuratorem seu procuratores loco suo et cuiuslibet eorundem substituendum 
qui similem in omnibus et singulis premissis habeat seu habeant potestatem Et 
generaliter omnia alia et singula faciendum gerendum et exercendum que in premissis 
et circa ea necessaria fuerint seu eciam oportuna cum singulis clausulis necessariis et 
de jure requisitis in uberiori forma, etc. Et que ipsemet dominus constituens faceret 

1 Kilmarnock Wr!U. 



148 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

seu facere posset si in premissis omnibus et singulis presens personaliter interesset ac 
si talia sint que mandatum exigant magis speciale promisit insuper idem dominus 
constituens miclii notario publico subscripto stipulanti et recipient! vice nomine 
omnium et singulorum quorum interest intererit aut interesse poterit se ratum gratum 
firmum atque stabilem habentem et habiturum totum id et quicquid per dictos suos 
procuratores aut eorum aliquem substitutum seu substitutes ab eiis seu eorum aliquo 
actum factum gestum et quomodolibet procuratum fuerit in premissis seu aliquo pre- 
missorum sub ypotheca et obligatione omnium bonorurn suorum presencium et futu- 
rorum Et in maiorem fortificacioxiem premissorum idem dominus constituens sigillum 
officii officialatus Glasguensis sibi concessum liuic instrumento appendi cum instaneia 
debita procuratum Super quibus omnibus et singulis prefatus dominus constituens a 
me notario publico subscripto sibi fieri peciit hoc presens publicum instrumentum seu 
publica instrumenta Acta erant bee in ecclesia metropolitana Glasguensi loco consis- 
toriali eiusdem sub anno die mense indictione et pontificatu quibus supra presentibus 
ibidem discretis viris magistris Jacobo Neilsone David Dwne Matheo Steward 
Villelmo Blak domino Johanne Paris capellano et Gilberto Bynnyng cum diversis aliis 
testibus ad premissa vocatis pariter et rogatis. 

Et ego Willelmus Kennyde artium magister ac presbiter Glasguensis diocesis 

publicus auctoritatibus apostolica et regali notarius Quia prefatorum 

procuratorum constitucioni nominacioni et potestatis dacioni ratibibicioni 

necnon sigilli procuracioni et concession! et omnibus aliis et singulis 

premissis dum sic ut premittitur agerentur dicerentur et fierent unacum 

prenominatis testibus presens personaliter interfui Eaque omnia et singula 

sic vidi scivi et audivi ac in notam cepi ideoque hoc presens publicum manu 

alterius fideliter scriptum confeci et in hac publica redegi signoque nomine 

meis solitis et consuetis signavi rogatus et requisitus in fidem et testimonium 

omnium et singulorum premissorum. 

Willelmus Kennady. 

Abstract. 

Letters of Procuratory by a noble man, Alexander Boyd, in Kilmarnock, solemnly 
ordaining these noble men, David Colville, James Colville, Philip Colville, George 
Morane, and Sir Andrew Mechelsone, chaplain, his lawful procurators, to compear for 
him and in his name, before a venerable father, James, by the patience of God, Abbot 
of Dunfermline, or his delegates, and there to ask and obtain a certain dispensation or 
affirmation of marriage, formerly contracted between the said Alexander and Janet 
Colville, his pretended spouse, upon the third and third and fourth and fourth degrees 
of consanguinity existing between them, and upon any other impediments ; and 
also that the children begotten or to be begotten between them be legitimated, etc. : 
For the greater confirmation of which Letters of Procuratory, the seal of office of the 
official of Glasgow was granted to be appended thereto : Done in the Metropolitan 
Church of Glasgow, in the consistorial place thereof, on 3d October 1505. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 149 

18. Instrument on appointment of Procurators hy Janet Colville,for Dispensation of 
her Marriage with Alexander Boyd} [2'7th October 1505.] 

InDeinomine amen: per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctispateat evidenter 
quod anno Incarnacionis Dominica millesimo quingentesimo quinto die vero mensis 
Octobris vecesimo septimo, indiccione nona pontificatus Sanctissimi in Christo patris 
ac doniini domini nostri Julii divina providencia pape secundi anno secundo in mei 
notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presencia personaliter constituta honorabilis 
mulier Joneta Colvill soror egregii viri domini Willelmi Colvill de Wchiltre militis, 
fecit constituit et solenniter nominavit honorabiles viros Eobertum Coluill de Hyltoun, 
Philippum Colvill magistrum Johannem Walles vicarium de Linlithquhow et 
Jobannem M'Adame suos veros legittimos et indubitatos procuratores actores factores 
et negociorum suorum gestores ac nuncios speciales et generales Dando et concedendo 
dictis suis procuratoribus et eorum cuilibet coniuuctim et divisim suam liberam 
plenariam potestatem et mandatum speciale ad comparendum pro se et nomine suo 
coram venerabili in Christo patre et domino Jacobo permissione divina abbate de 
Dumfermline eiusve delegatis vel delegandis quibuscunque diebus et locis, et ibidem 
quamdam dispensacionem seu confirmacionem matrimonii alias de facto et non de jure 
contracti inter ipsam constituentem et Alexandrum Boyd suum pretensum sponsum 
super impedimento in tercio et tercio ac quarto et quarto gradibus consanguinitatis inter 
eosdem existent! necnon super quibuscunque aliisimpedimentis levandum impetrandum 
et optinendum et proles inter eosdem procreatas seu procreandas legittimari petendum 
absolucionisque beneficium ipsi constituenti a reatu incestus exigendum et recipi- 
endum Et generaliter omnia alia et singula gerendum et exercendum que in premissis 
et circa ea fuerint necessaria seu opportuna cum singulis clausulis necessariis et in 
uberiori forma et que ipsamet constituens facere possit si in premissis personaliter 
interesset et si que sint que mandatum exigant magis speciale promisit insuper ipsa 
constituens niichi notario publico subscripto stipulanti et recipient! se ratum et gratum 
firmum ac stabile habentem et habituram totum et quicquid dicti sui procuratores 
eorumve alter duxerit seu duxerint in premissis et circa premissa exequendum sub 
ypotheca et obligacione omnium bonorum suorum presencium et futurorum : Super 
quibus omnibus et singulis peciit dicta Joneta constituens a me notario publico sub- 
scripto publicum seu publica instrumentum ac instrumenta sibi fieri : Acta erant hec 
apud Berneweil hora quasi octava ante meridiem aut ea circa sub anno die mense 
indiccione et pontificatu quibus supra Presentibus ibidem providis et discretis viris 
Johanne Symontoun Johanne Boman et Thoma Duncane testibus ad premissa vocatis 
pariter et rogatis. 

Et ego Edwardus Blair arcium magister ac presbyter Glasguensis diocesis publicus 
apostolica et regali auctoritatibus notarius, etc. (in forma communi). 

' Kilmarnock Writs. 



150 THE BOYD PAPERS. 



Abstkact. 



Instrument on the appointment by an honourable woman, Janet Colville, sister of an 
eminent man, Sir William Colville of Ochiltre, knight, of procurators — namely, the 
honourable men Eobert Colville of Hyltoun, Philip Colville, Mr. John Wallace, vicar 
of Linlithgow, and John M'Adam — solemnly authorising them to appear for her 
before James, Abbot of Dunfermline, or his delegates, and there to ask and obtain a 
dispensation or confirmation of the marriage formerly contracted in fact but not in 
law, between her and Alexander Boyd, her pretended spouse, in regard to an impedi- 
ment existing between them in the third and third and fourth and fourth degrees of 
consanguinity ; and to crave that the children born or to be born between them be 
declared legitimate ; and to require and obtain for her the benefit of absolution from 
the guilt of incest ; and generally, to do all other things necessary which she herself 
might do in the premises if she were personally present ; promising to hold firm and 
stable all that her said procurators should deem proper to be done in and about the 
premises, under the hypothec of all her goods present and to come. These things were 
done in presence of Edward Blair, notary, and witnesses therein named, at Bernweill, 
at 8 o'clock before noon of the 27th October 1505. 



19. Notarial Letters of Dis2xnsation in favour of Alexander Boyd and 
Janet Colville} \2Zd November 1505.] 

Universis et singulas has litteras seu hoc presens publicum Instrumentum visuris 
lecturis pariter ac audituris Jacobus permissione divina Abbas monasterii beate 
Margarete de Dunfermlyne ordinis sancti Benedicti Sancti Andrese diocesis salutem 
in domino Cum nobis per sanctissimum dominum nostrum dominum Julium divina 
providencia papam secundum ad dispensandum in et super consanguinitatis et 
aifinitatis impedimentis cum viris et mulieribus in certo numero tunc expresso sit 
graciose concessa et attributa facultas hujusmodi tenorem q^^i sequitur continens 
Julius Episcopus servus servorum Dei dilecto filio Jacobo abbati monasterii beate 
Margarete de Dunfermlyne ordinis sancti Benedicti Sancti Andrese diocesis salutem et 
apostolicam benedictionem personam tuam nobis et apostolice sedi devotam tuis 
exigentibus meritis paterna benevolencia prosequentes illam tibi graciam libenter 
impendimus per quam te posse aliis reddere graciosum tuis in hac parte supplica- 
tionibus inclinati tibi cum vigintiquinque viris et totideni mulieribus regni Scocie 
et precipue civitatis et diocesis Sanctiandrese in tercio ac tercio et quarto ac ab inde 
infra affinitatis et consanguinitatis simplicibus duplicibus et mixtis gradibus coniunctis 
seinvicem matrimonialiter coniungendi desiderantibus de quibus tibi videbitur ut 
impedimento quod ex consanguinitate vel affinitate hujusmodi provenit nequaquam 
obstante matrimonium inter se contrahere et si contractum fuerit etiam scienter vel 

1 Kilmarnock TlVtis. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 151 

ignoranter tain in contracto et consummato quam contraliendo matrimonio hujusmodi 
remanere libere et licite valeant dummodo mulieres ipse propter hoc rapte non fuerint 
dispensandi et prolem ex eis tam susceptam quam suscipiendam legittimam enunciandi 
ac personas quas in gradibus premissis contraxisse repereris a censuris quas premis- 
sorum occasione incurrerint in forma ecclesie consueta absolvendi plenam et liberam 
autoritate apostolica tenore presentium licentiam concedimus et facultatem Datum 
Rome apud sanctum Petrum anno Incarnacionis dominice millesimo quingentesimo 
quarto quinto nonas Julii pontificatus nostri anno primo Hinc est et per presentes 
notum facimus quod ex parte discreti viri Alexandri Boide in Kilmernok laici et Janete 
Colvil mulieris Glaskewensis diocesis per suos procuratores ad hoc specialiter con- 
stitutes de quorum potestatis mandate per scripta et instrumenta publica luculenter 
constabat nobis oblata petitio continebat quod ipsi prefati Alexander et Janeta ex 
certis racionabilibus causis desiderant in matrimonio inter eos de facto contracto libere 
et licite remanere sed quia tertio et tertio et quarto et quarto gradibus consanguinitatis 
invicem sunt coniuncti et hec impedimenta scientes matrimonium in facie ecclesie de 
facto contraxerunt et sese pluries carnaliter cognoscentes prolem procrearunt desider- 
ium eorum in hac parte adimplere non possunt dispensatione apostolica super hoc non 
optenta quare supplicarunt humiliter idem procuratores nobis suis hiis vigore predicte 
facultatis apostolice nobis concesse de opportune dispensationis gratia misericorditer 
providere IsTos igitur ipsorum Alexandri et Janete cupientes animarum providere 
saluti eorum in hac parte procuratorum supplicationibus inclinati cum predictis 
Alexandre et Janeta quod impedimento consanguinitatis huiusmodi non obstante in 
matrimonio inter eos ut premittitur contracto libere et licite valeant remanere 
autoritate apostolica qua in hac parte fungimur Dispensavimus prout tenore pre- 
sentium dispensamus et prolem ex eis tam susceptam quam suscipiendam legittimam 
enunciantes: In quorum omnium et singulorum fidem et testimonium has nostras 
dispensationis et legittimationis literas sen hoc publicum instrumentum sigillo nostro 
quo ad hoc utimur communiri et per notarium publicum subscriptum subscribi 
jussimus et publicari. Datum et actum apud palacium regium Sancte Crucis vicesimo 
tertio die mensis Novembris sub anno Incarnationis dominice millesimo quingentesimo 
quinto Indictione nona pontificatus prefati sanctissimi Domini nostri anno tertio hora 
quarta post meridiem vel ea circa presentibus ibidem discretis et venerabilibus viris 
Andrea Lundy de Balgony magistro Cudberto Bailzhe canonico Glaskewensi. 

Et ego Robertus SchanweU artium magister presbyter sanctiandreaj diocesis 
publicus Imperial! et regalia auctoritatibus notarius, etc. (in communi forma). 

Abstkact. 

Notarial Letters of Dispensation and Legitimation granted by James, abbot of the 
Convent of St. Margaret of Dunfermline, in virtue of apostolic letters by Pope Julius 
second, therein engrossed, in favour of Alexander Boid, in Kilmarnock, and Janet 



152 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

Colville, who had contracted marriage within the third and third and fourth and 
fourth degrees of consanguinity, and had children begotten between them, dispensing 
with the said marriage and declaring the children legitimate, in terms of the petitions 
presented by the said parties through their procurators. Given at the palace of 
Holyrood, 23d November 1505. 



20. Indenture hetween Margaret, Queen of Scotland, and Alexander Boyd in Kilmar- 
nock, for a Tack of the Lordship of Kilmarnock to the latter} [26^A June 
1508.] 

This Indenture maid at Edinburgh the xxvj day of Junij the yeir of God ane 
thousand five hundrethe and aucht yeris contenis proportis and beris witnes that It is 
appunctit and finaly concordit betuix ane richt hie and michtie princes Margaret be 
the grace of God queyne of Scotland with the consent and assent of the richt excel- 
lent hie and michtie prince James the ferde King of Scottis hir derrest spous on the 
ta part and Alexander Boyde in Kilmernok on the tother part in maner and forme as 
efter followis, that is to say the said richt excellent princes with the consent of the 
hie and michtie prince hir spous forsaid Settis and to maill lattis to the said 
Alexander Boyde and to his aieris ane or maa all and haill the lordschipe and landis 
of Kilmernok Dairy Wodisdaill and Kirkbryde the Flatt ISTarstoun and the annuell of 
Martuam with tenand and tenandry and thar pertinence pertenyng to the said princes 
and gevin to hir in dowry liand in the lordschipe of Cunyngham and the Sherefdome 
of Aire with all maner of casualiteis wardis relivijs and mariage pertenyng to the said 
lordschippis quhen thai sail happin to fall and now wacand fifor all the dais and 
termes of nyne zeris nixt and inmediat foUowand the fest of Witsonday last bipast 
befor the dait of thir present lettres quhilk feist of Witsonday was the entre of the 
said Alexander and his aieris in and to the said lordschippis and landis with tennand 
and tennandry and thar pertinence and fra thin furth till indure for all the dais and 
termes of the said nyne yeris To be haldin and had the said lordschipe and landis of 
Kilmernok Dairy NodisdaiU and Kirkbryde the Flatt ISTarstone and annuell forsaid 
with tennand and tennandry and thar pertinence and casualiteis forsaidis of the said 
Eicht excellent princes induring the said nyne yeris as the said lordschippis and 
landis lyis in lenth and breid with castell fortalice and pertinence tharto pertenand 
or richtwislie is knawin to pertene ony maner of way and with power to have sub- 
tennandis and under siddillis under thame ane or maa as thai think expedient and to 
remove and input the samyn at thare plesure the said Alexander and his aieris pay- 
and to the said hie and michtie princes or to her chalmerlanis procuratouris or 
factouris havand pover of hir hie Grace within the town of Edinburgh the sovme of 
ane hundreth pundis usuall money of Scotland for the haill rest of his last compt at 

■" Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 153 

thir termes under writine that is to say fourty pundis of the said money at the feist 
of Lammes callit advincula Sancti Petri nixt tecum and the remanent of the said 
soume at the fest of Mertymes in winter nixt tharefter followand but ony langar delay 
and als the said Alexander sail content and pay to the said richt hie and michtie 
princes or to hir Chalmerlanis procuratouris or factouris yeirlie induring the said 
nyne yeris the soume of sex hundreth merkis usuall money of Scotland in the said 
toun of Edinburgh at twa usuall termes in the yere Mertymes in winter and Witson- 
day be evinlie portions alanerlie and the first terme of payment to be at the feist of 
Mertymes in winter nixt tocum efter the dait herof And the nixt terme of payment 
to be at the fest of "Witsonday nixt tharefter followand and sa furth ay termlie Merty- 
mes and Witsonday unto the ische of the said nyne yeris and the said Alexander sail 
find for him and his aieris sufficient plegis and dettouris burges of the burgh of 
Edinburgh or utheris personis responsall for the soumes and yeirlie payment forsaid 
to be pait in the said toune of Edinburgh at the termes abone expremit or within 
fourty dais inmediat followand ilk terme to the said richt hie and michtie princes hir 
chalmerlanis procuratouris factouris or to ony utheris quham hir hienes will assigne 
tharto and the said Alexander sail cause the personis quham he fyndis plegis and 
dettouris for him to compere befor the lordis of our soveran lordis counsall and 
confesse this contract and grant and confesse thame oblist and bundin for the fulfil- 
ling thir premissis and payment of the said soumes at dais and termes befor 
expremit or at the ferrest the Mertymes maill to be pait at the feist of 
Sanct Thomas the appostill yeirlie befor the nativite of our Lord and the Wit- 
sondais maill at the fest of Sanct Thomas the merthir the sevint day of Julij but 
ony langar delay in the stratest still and forme of obligacioun And gif it happinnis the 
said Alexander or his aieris or the plegis and dettouris quhen he fyndis thame as said 
is to failze in the payment of the soumes and yeirlie maill before expremit at the dais 
and termes as said is the said Alexander and plegis and dettouris sail consent and 
grant in that cace that this contract have the strenth and effect of ane decret gevin be 
the lordis of Counsall and that oure soverane lordis letres be writine to compell and 
distrenze the saidis Alexander the plegis and dettouris thare landis and guidis for the 
payment of the forsaid soumes and yeirlie maill at dais and termes befor expremit 
as accordis and as use is and as it ware recoverit debt befor the lordis of Counsall 
And attoure gif the said Alexander or his aieris or thar plegis and dettouris failzeis 
in the payment of the soumes and malis forsaid termelie and yeirlie as is befor ex- 
premit or at the ferrest the mertymes mall at Sanct Thomas day before Yole and the 
Witsonday maill at Sanct Thomas day the marthir as said is the said takkis maid to 
the said Alexander thane as now and now as thane to be exspirit and of naue awaile 
strenth force nor effect as it ware undone or maid gif it be the will and plesure of the 
said richt hie and michtie princes And the said princes sail cause the castell and 
place of Kilmernok to be thekit and maid watter ticht incontinent with all deligence 
apoun the expense of the said hie and michtie princes And the said Alexander and 

X 



154 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

his aieris sail uphald the said castell and place unto the ische of the said nyne yeris 
siclik as it beis deliverit to him now efter the thekin and makin of the samyn watter 
ticht And gif the said hie and michtie princes happinnis to cum to the said casteU and 
place of Kilmernok the said Alexander and his aieris sail ressave the said princes 
with hir court that cumis to the said castell and place of Kilmernok and mak thame 
to have fre ische and entre thariutill in all placis and houssis of the said castell at 
thare plesure and thar to remane als lang as plesis the said mychtie princes apoun 
hir awne expensis And gif the said hie and michtie princess chalmerlanis factouris or 
servandis cumis to the said place the said Alexander saU ressave thame and minister 
meit drink and uther necessaris to thaim for the tyme apoun his expensis and tret 
thame honestlie as efferis And for the fulfiUing of all and sindry punctis and articulis 
abone expremit the said Alexander plegis and dettouris for the said Alexander salbe 
bundin befor the lordis of our soverane lordis counsall efter the forme befor expremit 
And gif the said Alexander or his plegis failzeis in ony punct of thir premiss the 
forsaid tak and assedacioun to be of nane awaile strenth force nor effect in tyme to 
cum gif it be the will and plesure of the [said] hie and michtie princes providand all 
wayes that the said Alexander observe and keip the assedations maid be the said 
princes or hir commissaris the per[sonis] quham to scho maid the samyn at the 
generale [assejdatioun In witnes of the quhilk thing to the part of this Indentur re- 
manand with the said hie and michtie princes the said Alexander Bold has affixt his 
sele and subscrivit the samyn with his hand and to the part of this Indentur remanand 
with the said Alexander the said hie and michtie princes has afSxt hir signete and 
subscrivit the samyn with hir hand And the said hie and michtie prince hir spous in 
takin of his consent has subscrivit this writ with his hand day yere and place forsaid. 

(Signed) JAMES E. 

MAEGARETT. 

Per hanc literam allocatur in compute ballivi de Cunynghaim reddito anno etc. 
quingentesimo nono de fermis et relevio de Braidle et de relevio de Lyne 
jacente in dominio de Dairy — xvij ti. 

Per hanc literam allocatur in compute ballivi de Cuninghame reddito anno 
quingentesimo decimo de relevio de Petcon jacente in dominio de Dairy 
— XX fi. 



21. Precept of Sasine hy David Kennedy of Leswalt, for infefting John Kennedy of 
Knokreocht in the lands of Balgray} Vlth November 1508.] 

David Kennyde de Leswalt miles ac dominus terrarum de Bawgraye delectis meis 
Gilberto Kennyde de Kirkmichel Thome Kennyde David Kennyde et Eamfer Cathtkert 

' Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 155 

ballivis nieis in hac parte coniunctim et divisim specialiter constitutis, salutem : Quia 
concessi et vendidi hereditarie dilecto meo Johanni Kennyde de Knokreocht heredibus 
suis et assignatis omneset singulas decern mercatas terrarum deBawgraye cum tenentibus 
et tenandriis et libere serviciis tenencium cum pertinenciis jacentes in parochia de 
Irwyne dominio de Cwnyghame et infra vicecomitatum de Ayr prout in carta mea sibi 
desuper confecta plenius continetur vobis igitur et vestrum cuilibet coniunctim et 
divisim precipio et firmiter mando quatenus visis presentibus statuni et saisinam 
hereditariam necnon realem actualem et corporalem possessionem de omnibus et 
singulis predictis decem mercatis terrarum de Bawgraye antiqui extentus cum 
tenentibus tenandriis et libere tenencium serviciis cum pertinenciis prefato Johanni 
Kennyde heredibus suis et assignatis vel suo certo actornato latori presencium per 
tradicionem terre et lapidis ut moris est tradatis seu alter vestrum tradat indilate 
saluo jure cuiusUbet ad quod faciendum vobis et vestrum cuilibet coniunctim et 
divisim meam plenariam ac irrevocabilem tenore presencium committo potestatem In 
cuius rei testimonium sigillum meum presentibus est appensum apud burgum de Ayr 
septimo die mensis ISTovembris anno domini millesimo quingentesimo octavo coram 
hiis testibus Thoma Corre de Kelwoud Gilberto Kennyde de Coif Gilberto Kennyde 
de Kirkmichel David Kennyde dominis Georgio Blayr et Joanne Fayr capellanis ac 
notariis publicis cum diversis aliis. (Signed) Dawyd Kanydy 

baize of Carryk w* my hand. 

Absteact. 

Precept of Sasine by David Kennedy of Leswalt, knight, lord of Bawgray, for 
infefting John Kennedy of Knokreoch, and his heirs, in all and whole the ten merk 
lands of Bawgray, with tenants and tenandries, and services of free tenants, in the 
parish of Irvine, lordship of Cunyngham and shire of Ayr, in terms of his charter 
granted thereupon. Dated at Ayr, 7th November 1508. 



22. Act for Robert Lord Boyd and his Spouse} [IQth Novemher 1513.] 

Jacobus Dei gratia Eex Scotorum omnibus probis hominibus suis ad quos presentes 
litere pervenerint salutem: Sciatis quod suscepimus Jacobum Boyd vel eorum 
aliquos vel aliquem actornatos vel actornatum dilectorum nostrorum consanguineorum 
Eoberti domini Boyd et Margarete Culquhoun sue sponse in omnibus negociis et 
loquelis placitis et querelis motis seu movendis ipsos Eobertum et Margaretam 
tangentibus seu tangere valentibus quibuscunque diebus et locis contra quoscunque 
et coram quibuscunque Quare vobis precipimus et mandamus quatenus dictos 

1 Kilmarnock Writs. 



156 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

[Jacobum Boyd, etc.] vel eorum aliquos vel aliquem quos vel quern presentes vel 
presentem esse contigerit tanquam actornatos vel actornatum dictorum Eoberti et 
Margarete in premissis recipiatis presentibus post annum minime valituris : In cuius 
rei testimonium has literas nostras sibi fieri fecimus patentes. Apud Edinburgh 
decimo die mensis ISTovembris anno regni nostri primo. 

{On tag) Actum pro consanguineo nostro Eoberfco Domino Boyd et sua sponsa. 

Translation. 

James, by the grace of God King of Scots, to all his faithful men to whom these 
present letters shall come, greeting : Know ye that we have accepted James Boyd or 
any of them attorneys or attorney of our beloved cousins Eobert Lord Boyd, and 
Margaret Culquhoun his spouse, in all affairs and debates, pleas and complaints, 
moved or to be moved, concerning or that may concern the said Eobert and Margaret, 
on whatever days and at whatever places, against whomsoever and before whom- 
soever : "Wherefore we command and charge you to receive the said James Boyd or 
any of them present, or that shall happen to be present, as attorneys or attorney of 
the said Eobert and Margaret in the premises : these presents not to be of force 
after one year. In witness whereof, we have caused these our letters to be made 
patent to them : At Edinburgh the tenth day of the month of November, in the first 
year of our reign. 

{On tag) Act for our cousin Eobert Lord Boyd and his spouse. 



23. Notarial Instrument on the Complaint and Appeal of Margaret Countess of 
Cassills, from the Sentence of the Ar^biters between her and Gilbert Earl of 
Cassills} \^th February 1515.] 

In dei nomine, amen : Per hoc presens publicum Instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter quod anno Incarnationis dominice millesimo quingentesimo decimo quinto 
mensis vero Eebruarii die nono Indictione quarta pontificatus sanctissimi in Christo 
patris et domini nostri Leonis divina providencia pape decimi anno tercio in mei 
notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presentia personaliter constituta nobilis 
domina Margareta comitissa de Cassillis habens et tenens in manibus suis quamdam 
cedulam papiream formam appellationis in se continentem quam michi publico notario 
subscripto tradidit perlegendam publicandam copiandam et in banc publicam Instru- 
ment! formam redigendam vigore cuius cedule realiter et cum effectu appellavit et 
reclamavit Quequidem cedula huiusmodi sequitur sub tenore Cum commune suppli- 

^ Kilmarnoclc Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 157 

cationis auxilium contra arbitros inique pronunciantes presertim ubi compromittentes 
enormiter leduntiir seu gravantur matura juris provisione introducatur hinc est quod 
ego Margareta comitissa de Cassillis sentiens me enormiter lesam et gravatam per 
quoddam pretensum decretum arbitrale prolatum per vos Eeverendum in Christo 
patrem et dominum David miseracione divina Candidecase ac capelle regie Sterlin- 
gensis episcopum nobilem et prepotentem dominum Colinum comitem de Ergile 
arbitros pro parte Gilberti comitis de Cassillis contra me electos Gawinum Dunbar 
archidiaconem Sanctiandree ac Willelmum Scott de Balwery militem in una voce 
superiores nominatos ad cognoscendum et decidendum super controversiis inter me et 
prefatum Gilbertum comitem de Cassillis hinc inde vertentibus ac in compromisso 
inter nos confecto contentis ex et pro eo quod vos domini arbitri et superiores antedicti 
procendentes et more vestro cognoscentes super certis controversiis inter nos hinc 
inde vertentibus ac in prefato compromisso contentis vestram pretensam sentenciam 
sive decretum arbitrale pro prefato Gilberto comite et contra me nuUiter inique et 
contra omnem juris dispositionem tulistis prefatum Gilbertum comitem ab impeti- 
tionibus meis coram vobis deductis et luculenter probatis absolvendo meque ex 
adverso in petitis per eum non confessatis nee legittima probatione liquidatis con- 
dempnando enormiterque ledendo et gravaudo prout ex processu coram vobis deducto 
induci ad quern Deo duce luculenter constabit Eeverenciis et honoribus vestris semper 
salvis. Ob igitur premissa gravamina et enormem lesionem prefatam per vos dominos 
arbitros et superiores prefatos et pretensum vestrum decretum michi illata a vobis 
dominis arbitris et superioribus prefatis ac iniquo decreto sive arbitrio per vos prolate 
ac omnibus punctis clausulis et articulis eiusdem me aut jus meum quovismodo 
ledentibus et non alias nee alio mode ac ab eorundem enormi lesione ad venerabilem 
et egregium virum magistrum Willelmum Wawane in decretis licenciatum cancellar- 
ium Eossensem, etc. ac officialem Sanctiandree infra achidiaconatum Laudonie tanquam 
judicem vestrum in hoc casu ordinarium et ad arbitrium suum tanquam arbitrium boni 
viri reclame et dictum pretensum decretum reduci peto instanter instantius et 
instantissime prefatum decretum in omnibus suis punctis clausulis et articulis me aut 
jus meum nequaquam gravautibus aut enormiter ledentibus et non aliis expresse 
emologando et approbando Insuper subicio me et omnia bona mea mobiha et immo- 
bilia tuitioni protectioni et omnimodo defensioni prefati domini officialis et eius 
venerabilis auditorii antedicti Protestando solenipniter de banc meam supplicacionem 
et reductionem mutandi corrigendi muniendi eidem addendi et ad calamum reformandi 
totiens quotiens opus fuerit et de jure licebit cum certis clausulis necessariis et oppor- 
tunis : Super quibus omnibus et singulis prefata domina comitissa reclamans a me 
notario publico subscripto sibi fieri petiit presens publicum instrumentum seu plura 
publica instrumenta Acta erant hec in ecclesia collegiata beati Egidii de Edinburgh 
hora quarta post meridiem vel eo circa sub anno mense die Indictione et pontificatu 
quibus supra Presentibus ibidem honorabilibus et discretis viris Patricio Hammiltoun 
de Kincavill milite Eoberto Bruse de Arth Johanne Levingstoun de eodem magistro 



158 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

Johanne Donaldi et domino Eoberto Ade testibus cum diversis aliis ad premissa vocatis 
pariter et rogatis. 

Et ego Edwardus Bog presbyter Sanctiandree diocesis publicus auctoritatibus sacra 
apostolica et regali Notarius quia dicte reclamacionis seu appellacionis inter- 
positioni ceterisque omnibus et singulis dum sic ut premittitur agerentur 
dicerentur et fierent unacum prenominatis testibus presens personaliter 
interfui eaque omnia et singula sic fieri scivi vidi et audivi ac in notam cepi 
Ideoque hoc presens publicum Instrumentum manu mea propria fideliter 
scriptum exinde confeci signoque et nomine ac subscriptione meis solitis 
consuetis signavi et subscripsi rogatus et requisitus in fidem et testimonium 
omnium et singulorum premissorum. 



Edwardus Bog. 



{Dorso.) 



In Dei nomine amen Per hoc presens publicum Instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter quod anno Incarnacionis dominice Millesimo quingentesimo decimoquinto 
mensis vero Februarii die penultimo Indictione quarta pontificatus sanctissimi in 
Christo patris domini nostri domini Leonis divina providencia pape decimi anno tertio 
in mei notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presentia personaliter constituta nobilis 
domina Margareta comitissa de Cassillis retroscripta accessit ad personalem presen- 
ciam venerabilis viri magistri Gawini Dumbar archidiaconi Sanctiandree unius Judicum 
superiorum retroscriptorum sibi que retroscriptas reclamacionis literas in dupHci forma 
Instrumenti redactas realiter et cum effectu iutimavit informavit et notificavit et quia 
presencias aliorum retroscriptorum Judicum pro tempore habere nequierat — eo quod 
non erant omnes presentes infra presens burgum de Edinburgh vinde intimationem 
literarum retroscriptarum facere potuerat ut asseruit protestatur quod eorum absencie 
sibi minime preiudicaret eo quod fecisset suam exactam diligentiam pro eorum pre- 
sentiis habendis : Super quibus omnibus et singulis prefata domina comitissa a me 
notario publico subscripto sibi fieri peciit presens publicum instrumentum seu instru- 
menta Acta erant hec in ecclesia collegiata beati Egidii de Edinburgh hora octava 
ante meridiem vel eo circa sub anno mense die Indictione et pontificatu quibus supra 
Presentibus ibidem providis viris Eoberto Lesly et Stephano Dumbar testibus cum 
diversis aliis ad premissa vocatis pariter et rogatis. 

Et ego Edwardus Bog presbyter Sanctiandree diocesis publicus auctoritatibus sacra 
apostolica et regali notarius quia retroscriptaram literarum Intimationi 
ceterisque omnibus et singulis dum sic ut premittitur agerentur dicerentur 
et fierent unacum prenominatis testibus presens personaliter interfui eaque 
omnia et singula sic fieri scivi vidi et audivi ac in notam cepi Ideoque hoc 
presens publicum Instrumentum manu mea propria fideliter scriptum exinde 
confeci signoque et nomine ac subscriptione meis solitis et consuetis signavi 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 159 

et subscripsi rogatus et requisitus in fidem et testimonium omnium et 

singulorum premissorum. 

Edwaedus Bog. 

{Mem: dorso.) 

Penultimo Februarii anno infrascripto bora viij ante meridiem intimata fuit hec 
appellacio pro parte arcbidiacono Sanctiandree coram Eoberto Lesly et Stepbano 
Dumbar. 

Abstract. 

Notarial Instrument on tbe Protest and Appeal of Margaret Countess of Cassillis, 
against a pretended decreet-arbitral pronounced by David bisbop of Galloway and of 
tbe Cbapel Eoyal of Stirling, and Colin earl of Argyle, arbiters elected on tbe part 
of Gilbert earl of Cassillis, against tbe said Countess, and Gavin Dunbar, arcbdeacon 
of St. Andrews, and William Scott of Balwery, knigbt, superiors nominated by mutual 
consent to cognosce and decide upon tbe matters in controversy between tbe said 
appellant and Gilbert, Earl of Cassillis, contained in tbe compromise entered into on 
botb sides ; because tbe said arbiters had given sentence partially and to ber disad- 
vantage, and against all order of law, by absolving tbe said Earl Gilbert from ber 
complaints led and clearly proved before tbem, and on tbe otber band, condemned ber 
in tbe matters sougbt by bim, not confessed nor cleared by lawful probation, and 
tbereby grievously injuring ber, as sbould be clearly made manifest, God being ber 
guide, from tbe process led before tbem, saving always their reverences and honours : 
For which cause she reclaimed against tbe said pretended decreet pronounced against 
her by tbe said arbiters and superiors, and all the points and articles therein injurious 
and hurtful to her, and not otherwise, and appealed to a venerable and worthy man, 
Mr. Wmiam Wawane, licentiate in Decrees, chancellor of Eoss, and official of St. 
Andrews within the archdeanery of Lothian, as their judge ordinary in that cause, 
and to bis judgment as tbe judgment of a good man ; and she craved earnestly, more 
earnestly, and most earnestly, that the said pretended decreet be reduced, but 
expressly approving the same in all points in no way hurting ber right, and not in 
others. She also subjected herself and aU ber goods, movable and immovable, to the 
safeguard and protection of tbe said lord official and his venerable auditor ; solemnly 
protesting for this complaint and reduction that it sbould be altered, corrected, 
strengthened, added to, and reformed at the pen as far as might be needful : Done in 
the collegiate Church of St. Giles of Edinburgh, about four o'clock afternoon of 9th 
February 1515. 

(On the bade.) 

Notarial Instrument on the Intimation of tbe foregoing complaint and appeal by 
the said Margaret Countess of Cassillis, personally, in tbe presence of Mr. Gavin 



160 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

Dunbar, archdean of St. Andrews, one of the judges superior aforesaid ; protesting 
that whereas the other judges were not then present within the burgh of Edinburgh, 
their absence should not be to her prejudice since she had used exact diligence in 
order to have their presence. Done in the said Church of St. Giles of Edinburgh, at 
8 o'clock before noon on the 27th of February 1515. 



24. Bemission under the Privy Seal to William Ciiningham, Knight, Master of 
Glencairn, etc., for the slaughter of Mr. Mathew Montgomery, etc.^ \24,th April 
1517.] 

Preceptum remissionis factum cum consensu gubernatoris Willelmo Cunynghaim 
militi Magistro de Glencarne filio et heredi apparente Cuthberti comitis de Glencarn 
et xxvij aliis pro crudele interfectione quondam Magistri Mathei Montgomery 
Archibaldi Caldwell et Johannis Smyth ex precogitata felonia commissa et pro 
omnibus actione et crimine etc., ac pro lesione Johannis Montgomery filii et heredis 
apparentis Hugonis comitis de Eglingtoun ac pro omnibus aliis actionibus, etc., 
proditoria traditione in personam regis et sui tutoris incendiis rapta mulierum 
murthuro communi furto et omnibus aliis homicidiis exceptis, etc. Apud Edinburgh 
xxiiij Aprilis anno regni regis quarto [1517] deliberatum per dominum. 

Per Signetum. 

Abstract. 

Precept for remission, with consent of the Governor, to William Cunynghame, 
knight, Master of Glencairn, son and apparent heir of Cuthbert Earl of Glencairn, and 
twenty-seven others, for the cruel slaughter of the late Mr. Mathew Montgomery, 
Archibald Caldwell, and John Smyth, committed of forethought felony ; and for the 
wounding of John Montgomery, son and heir apparent of Hugh Earl of Eglingtoun, 
etc. Given under the Privy Seal at Edinburgh, 24th April, the 4th year of the King's 
reign (1517). 



25. Discharge hy Archibald Earl of Angus to Rohert Lord Boyd for the fermes of 
Kilmarnock, etc? \^24:th June 1525.] 

Jhesus Maeie. 

We Archibald Erl of Angusse Lord of Douglasse, etc., grantis us Weill contented 
assitht and pait be cure lovit Eobert Boyd of all malis fermes and wthyr dewiteis of 

■* Regist. Secreti Sigilli, v. fol. 108. ^ Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 161 

the landis and lordschip of Kylmarnolc pertenand to our spouse Margaret qweyn of 
Scotland in drowry or wthyrways bayth of this last term of Mertimes bipast and all 
wthyr termes bigane to this last Witsonday and quitclamis and discharges the. said 
Eobert of all and sundry the forsaidis malis fermis proffittis and wthyr dewiteis 
intromittit wyth be him as fermorar and takisman chalmerlane and baillie of the 
forsaidis landis and lordschip bayth of the said term of Mertimes and all wthyr termis 
bipast for now and ewirmare be thir presentis subscrivit with our hand at Edinburgh 
the xxiiij day of Junii the yher of God ane thowsand fyfe hundreth and twenty fyf 
yeris befor the witnesses. 

A, EKL OF Angus. 



26. Discharge hy Margaret, Queen of Scots, to Bohert Lord Boyd, for the Fermes of 
Kilmarnoch, etc} [27^A November 1529.] 

We Margaret be the grace of God quene of Scotland and liferentare of the landis 
and Lordschip of Kilmarnok with the pertinentis with expresse aviso consent and assent 
of our derrest spows Henry Lord Methven grantis ws to have ressavit at the making 
herof be the handis of our lovit servitour Eobert Boyd the soume of twa hundreth 
markis in full contentatioun and payment of this last Mertymes terme of the yere of 
God Im v° xxix yeris for all malis fermes proffettis and dewiteis of our saidis landis 
of Kilmarnok Dary Noddisdale Kilbrid with the Law with the pertinentis and 
dischargis the said Eobert his aris executouris and assignays of the said soume of twa 
hundreth merkis for ws our aris executouris and assignays for now and ever And attour 
grantis ws wele content and payt of all utheris yeris and termes preceding the dait 
herof for all melling occupatioun and intrometting be the said Eobert Boyd or ony in 
his name with our saidis landis of Kilmarnok Dary lyToddisdale Kilbrid with the 
Law and dischargis him his aris executouris and assignays for ws or ony uther in 
our name for evermore and attour sail warrand acquiet and defend the said Eobert his 
aris assignays and subtennentis in peciable brouking josing and using of our saidis 
landis of Kilmarnok Dary Noddisdale Kilbrid with the law and the pertinentis thereof 
during all the termes of his assedatioun quhilk he hes of ws aganis all deidlie as law 
wUl In witnes of the quhilk thing to thir our present letters of discharge subscrivit 
with our hand and with the hand of our said spous our Signet is affixt at Edinburgh 
the xxvij day of November the yere of God Im v<= xxix yeris. 

^^ MAEGAEET E. 

w Henry Lord Methwen. 

1 Kilmarnock Writs. 



1 62 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

2 7. Ad appointing Bohert Boyd in KilmarnoTc a Squire of the Houseliold} 

[26th June 1525.] 

Eex. 

We with avise of the lordis of our secrete consall etc., will and ordinis that our 
lovitt Ptobert Boyd in Kilmernok be ane squyar in our houshald and that he have 
therfore for him self with tua servandis in our hous sic feis and dewiteis as ony 
utheris squyaris had in houshald of umquhile our derrest fader or ws in tymis bigane, 
and we sail caus him to be ansuerit and pait therof yeirly as efferis. Subscrivit with 
our hand and be the lordis foirsaidis at Edinburgh the xxvj day of Junii the yere of 
God j™ v*^ twenty and fyve yeris. JAMES E 

28. Bond of Mutuall Assistance hy Queen Margaret and the Lord Methven her 
husband, to Lord Boyd? \_2&th May 1529.] 

Be it kend to all men be thir present lettres ws Mergarete be the grace of God 
quene of Scotland wyth avise and consent of our derest spous Hary lord of Methven to 
he bundin and oblist and be thir present lettres the faith and treuth in our body 
lelely and trewlie bindis and oblissis ws to our weilbelovit man and servand Eobert 
Boyd in Kilmernok fforsamekill as he is bundin and oblist to ws in manrent and 
service first and before all utheris our derest sone the kingis grace alanerlie exceptit 
for all the tyme and space that he hes or happinnis to get or have of ws takkis of our 
landis and lordschip of Kilmernok as at mair lenth is contenit in his lettres of manrent 
maid and gevin to ws therupown Tharfor we and our said spous wyth our freindis 
men servandis tenentis and all that we may steir sail supple manteine and defend the 
said Eobert in the peciabill brouking and joising of our saidis landis and lordschip of 
Kilmernok durring his takkis therof gottin or to be gottin be him of ws of the samin 
and of all uthiris his takkis stedingis roumis possessionis cornis catell and guidis 
movabiU and unmovabill quhatsumevir and sail do for him and tak his afald leill and 
trew pairb in all his gud actionis caussis and querelis lefull and honest during the said 
space aganis all that levis and de may our allegeance to our soverane lord the 
king alanerlie exceptit : In witnes of the quhilk to thir our lettres of manteinance 
subscrivit wyth our hand our signet is affixt togidder wyth the seill and subscriptioun 
of our said spous in signe of his consent to thir premissis at Edinburgh the xxvj day 
of Mali the yeir of God 1^ v'^ xxix yeiris. 



MAEGAEET E. heney lord methwen. 

^ Kilmarnock Writs. 
* Kilmarnock Writs, printed in the Abhotsford Miscell., i. 7. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 163 



29. Abstract.^ 

Decreet -Arbitral pronounced by Eobert bishop of Ergile, James Houstone, 
subdeacon of Glasgow, Colin Campbell of Archinglas and others, between Hugh, first 
Earl of Eglingtone, on the one part, and Eobert Boyd in Kilmernok and Mungo More 
of Eovallane on the other part, ordaining, that for the settlement of all slaughters, 
spulzies, and quarrels between them in time past, and for order and concord in time 
to come, they should mutually discharge certain specified pecuniary obligations ; also, 
that Eobert should marry his son and heir to one of the Earl's " oos." Dated at 
Glasgow 2d May 1530. 



3 0. Notarial Instrument on the Investiture of Bohert Boyd, junior, with the office of 
Bailiery of the Lordship of Kilmarnock, in room of his father? [5th May 1534.] 

In Dei nomine amen per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter et sit notum quod anno Incarnacionis dominice millesimo quingentesimo 
trigesimo quarto die vero mensis Maii quinto Indiccione septima pontificatusque 
sanctissimi in Christo patris ac domini nostri domini dementis divina providencia pape 
septimi anno undecimo in mei notarij publici et testium subscriptorum presenciis 
constituti venerabilis vir Jacobus Somerwell rector de Dunce et Eobertus Boyd junior 
filius et heres apparens Eoberti Bold in Kilmernok personaliter comparuerunt coram 
dicto Eoberto Boyd senior! apud ecclesiam parochialem de Dairy super fuudum 
terrarum de Dairy et dominium de Eilmernok loco judiciali sede pro tribunali sedente 
unacum tenentibus dictarum terrarum et dominij secum copiose congregatis pro 
quadam curia dicto die per ipsum dictum Eobertum Boyd seniorem ibidem tenenda 
pro ministracione judicij inter dictos tenentes et signanter pro assedatione dictarum 
terrarum et dominij antedicti prescriptis tenentibus tanquam in curia penthecostes 
ipsis dictis tenentibus legitime assignata Et ibidem prefatus Jacobus Somerwell rector 
de Dunce antedictus nomine et ex parte dicti Eoberti Boyd junioris ante confirma- 
tionem dicte curie publice produxit et ad manus predicti Eoberti Boyd senioris porrexit 
quasdam Kteras papiro scriptas et confectas per excelentissimam dominam nostram 
Margaretam reginam Scotie sub signeto et subscriptione manuali eiusdem unacum 
subscriptione manuali sui karassimi sponsi viz. Henrici domini Methuen in signo 
ipsius consensus ad huiusmodi prescripto Eoberto Boyd junior! heredibus suis et 
assignatis in uberiori forma confectas ut michi notario publico subscripto luculenter ac 
lucidissime ibidem publice patentes legitime constabant Et primo produxit quandam 
literam assedacionis per ipsam dictam dominam nostram Eeginam de consensu et 
assensu predicti sui karissimi sponsi prefato Eoberto Boyd junior! heredibus suis et 
assignatis confectam de omnibus et singulis terris et dominio de Kilmernok unaciim 

^ Memorials of the Montgomeries, ii. 110. " Kilmarnock Writs. 



164 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

castro fortalicio et hortis eidem spectantibus et pertinentibus videlicet Kilmernok 
Dairy Noddisdale Killbride Flat et ISTaristoun cum quodam annuo redditu de Martuam 
unacum molendino de Kilmernok ac omnibus et singulis aliis molendinis tocius dicti 
dominij cum tenentibus et tenandriis eiusdem cum suis pertinenciis quibuscunque 
jacentibus in dominio de Cwnyngham et infra vicecomitatum de Air pro spatio nouem 
annorum a die date dicte litere assedacionis videlicet de data apud Edinburghum die 
xiij" mensis Junij Anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo trigesimo secundo prout in 
eadem litera assedacionis magis expresse et latius continetur Tum secundo idem rector 
de Dunce antedictus nomine et ex parte dicti Eoberti Bold junioris ut supra produxit 
unam sufficientem literam ballivatus de eisdem terris et dominio de Kilmernok per 
dictam excellentissimam dominam nostram Eeginam de consensu et assensu sui 
karissimi sponsi antedicti dicto Eoberto Boyd juniori ut supra confectam pro spatio 
novem annorum cum potestate plenaria sibi dicto Eoberto et deputatis suis pluribus 
aut uno in uberiori forma, etc. datum apud Edinburghum xiiij ^° die mensis Junij anno 
Domini M° V°° xxxij° prout in eadem litera plenius continetur. Tum tertio sepedictus 
rector de Dunce nomine quo supra produxit quandam aliam literam per dictam ex- 
cellentissimam dominam nostram reginam de consensu et assensu sui karassimi sponsi 
antedicti dicto Eoberto Boyd ut supra confectam facientem mentionem in se ubi ipsa 
dicta excellentissima domina nostra Eegina de consensu et assensu dicti sui karassimi 
sponsi actualiter corporaliter et realiter cum effectu personaliter recepit dictum 
Eobertum Boyd juniorem suum tenentem ballivum et camerarium in et ad omnes et 
singulas prescriptas terras et dominium de Kilmernok antedictum constabulariumque 
et custodem castri manerie domus ac fortalicij eiusdem cum suis pertinenciis pro spatio 
dictorum novem aunorum in omnibus et per omnia tenore prescriptarum literarum 
assedacionis et ballivatus et prout in eisdem Uteris plenius continentur et hoc cum 
consensu et assensu eciam prescripti Eoberti Boyd senioris per suam resignacionem et 
deliberacionem eiusdem in manibus prefate excellentissime domine nostre regine 
ibidem pro tempore personaliter presentis Idem sepedicta excellentissima domina 
nostra regina cum consensu et assensu prescripti sui karissimi sponsi premissa perfecit 
prout in dicta litera plenius continetur Datum apud Edinburghum xiiij *" die mensis Junij 
anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo trigesimo secundo. Preterea ad verificanda 
premissa ipsa dicta excellentissima domina nostra regina cum consensu et assensu dicti 
sui karissimi sponsi dictum Eobertum Boyd juniorem ex tunc suum tenentem ballivum 
et camerarium prescriptarum terrarum et dominii de Kilmernok predicti constabularium 
que et custodem dicti castri manerie domus et fortalicij eiusdem cum suis pertinenciis 
ut supra nuperime confectum et receptum tanquam suum famOiarem servum et 
hospitialem hominem pro spatio decem aut duodecim dierum secum personaliter 
tenuit ut dictus rector de Dunce nomine et ex parte dicti Eoberti Boyd junioris 
asseruit Tum quarto idem rector de Dunce nomine et ex parte dicti Eoberti junioris 
produxit quoddam preceptum per dictam nostram excellentissimam Eeginam cum 
consensu et assensu dicti sui karissimi sponsi ut supra confectum mandans et onerans 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 165 

ia se omnes et singulos tenentes et inhabitantes dictas terras et dominium de Kil- 
mernok cum pertinenciis parere et obedire prefato Eoberto Boyd juniori pro spatio 
dictorum novem annorum in omnibus et per omnia secundum formam et tenorem 
dictarum literarum assedacionis et ballivatus sibi dicto Eoberto juniori desuper con- 
fectarum et prout in eisdem plenius continentur ac prout prius fecerunt prefato 
Eoberto Boyd seniori omnibus temporibus elapsis prout ipsi et cuilibet eorum per se 
respondere voluit aut voluerunt sibi dicte excellentissime domine nostre regine et suo 
karissimo sponso antedicto pro suo interesse sub omni pena que competere poterit aut 
poterint ad manus eorundem secundum formam et tenorem dicti precepti et prout in 
eodem latius continetur Datum apud Edinburghum xiiij*° die mensis Junij anno 
Domini millesimo quingentesimo xxxij° Post quarumquidem literarum prescriptarum 
productionem ac ibidem publice perlectionem et intellectionem earundem prefatus 
Jacobus Somerwell rector de Dunce antedictus nomine et ex parte prefati Eoberti 
Boyd junioris vigore dictarum literarum requisivit dictum Eobertum Boyd seniorem ac 
eciam omnes et singulos tenentes et inhabitantes dictas terras et dominium de Kil- 
mernok antedictum cum pertinenciis ex tunc ibidem presentes nomine serenissime 
dicte domine nostre regine et dicti sui karissimi sponsi parere et obedire prefato 
Eoberto Boyd juniori in omnibus et per omnia secundum formam et tenorem omnium 
et singularum prescriptarum literarum dicto Eoberto Boyd juniori ut supra desuper 
confectarum Quiquidem Eobertus Boyd senior cum omni reverencia qua decuit ibidem 
publice dixit et concessit quod parere et obedire voluit dicte sue excellentissime 
domine nostre regine suoque karassimo sponso antedicto et suis Uteris in omnibus et 
per omnia secundum formam et tenorem earundem Et similiter omnes et singuli pre- 
fati tenentes ibidem presentes ad huiusmodi concesserunt publice una voce dicentes et 
clamantes absque aliqua contradictione Quibus vero omnibus et singulis sic ut pre- 
mittitur debite peractis idem Jacobus Somerwell rector de Dunce antedictus vigore 
dictarum literarum et nomine quo supra dictum Eobertum Boyd seniorem de sede 
tribunal! expulsit et dictum Eobertum Boyd juniorem loco suo judiciali in pacifico 
possessione dicti officii ballivatus et assedacionis predictarum terrarum et dominij de 
Kilmernok sepedicti ac officii camerarii eiusdem et eciam constabularij et custodis 
prefati castri manerie domus ac fortalicii eiusdem cum suis pertinenciis personaliter 
reaEter actualiter et corporaliter imposuit vestivit et legitime introduxit in omnibus 
et per omnia secundum formam et tenorem omnium et singularum prescriptarum 
literarum sibi dicto Eoberto Boyd juniori prius desuper confectarum vigore eciam 
quarum dictus Eobertus junior dictam assedacionem et ofificia prescripta tenore 
earundem literarum in se et super se debite acceptavit et ibidem statim constituit 
fecit et creavit omnes et singulos ofificiarios et membra curie necessaria videlicet 
clericum seriandos sectatores et deputatos et eosdem separatim et divisim jurare 
causavit sacrosanctis Dei evangeliis reverenter tactis se debite et juste in dictis suis 
officiis exercere et ministrare postea vero ibidem legitime confirmavit curiam nomine 
supremi Domini nostri Eegis ac sue excellentissime matris Margarete Scotorum Eegine 



166 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

illustrissime suique karissimi sponsi Henrici domini Methuen, etc. antedicti ac nomine 
ipsius dicti Eoberti Boyd junioris ballivi dictarum terrarum et dominij de Kilmernok 
antedicti et suorum deputatorum coniunctim et divisim ibidem loco judiciali sede pro 
tribunali sedans in uberiori forma, etc. Et justiciam omnibus et singulis ibidem con- 
quirentibus debite et juste ministravit ac dictas terras de Dairy et tocius dicti dominij 
de Kilmernok in ilia parte existentes predictis tenentibus ibidem presentibus nomine 
et ex parte ipsius dicti Eoberti Boyd junioris virtute sui ofQcij prescripti pro spatio 
trium annorum a proximo festo penthecostes inde sequente pro firmis earundem debitis 
et consuetis more solito eiusdem dominij assedavit locavit et ad iirmam dimisit Super 
quibus vero omnibus et singulis sic premissis prefatus Jacobus Somerwell rector de 
Dunce antedictus nomine et ex parte dicti Eoberti Boyd junioris a me notario publico 
subscripto sibi fieri peciit unum seu plura publicum seu publica instrumentum vel 
instrumenta Acta erant hec infra dictum dominium de Kilmernok super solum 
dictarum terrarum de Dairy prope ecclesiam perocbialem eiusdem ut supra boris 
decima et undecima ante meridiem vel ea circa sub anno mense die indiccione 
et pontificatu quibus supra Presentibus ibidem providis et discretis viris videlicet 
Magistro Cristallo Boyd preposito ecclesie beate Marie virginis nunc condite apud 
civitatem Glasguensem nuperime Jacobo Cunyngham in Montgrenane Thoma Boyd 
Jacobo Aslose de eodem et Thoma Boyd clerico dicte curie cum diversis aliis testibus 
ibidem copiose congregatis ad premissa vocatis pariter et rogatis. 

Et ego vero Stepbanus Prestoune clericus Glasguensis diocesis sacraque auctoritate 
apostolica notarius publicus, etc. 

Abstract. 

Notarial Instrument narrating that a venerable man, James Somervell, rector of 
Dunse, and Eobert Boyd, younger, son and apparent heir of Eobert Boyd in KiL- 
marnock, personally compeared before the said Eobert Boyd, elder, at the parish 
church of Dairy, on the ground of the lands of Dairy and lordship of Kilmarnock, 
sitting in that place on the judgment-seat, where also the tenants of the said lands 
and lordship were numerously assembled, for a certain court appointed to be held 
there by the said Eobert Boyd, elder, for the ministration of justice among the said 
tenants, and in particular for the purpose of setting the said lands and lordship to 
them, as assigned to them in the court at Whitsuntide : and there the said James 
Somervell, on behalf of the said Eobert Boyd, younger, before the confirmation of the 
court, publicly produced and stretched out to the hands of the said Eobert Boyd, elder, 
certain letters written on paper, granted by the most excellent lady, Margaret, Queen 
of Scotland, under her signet and subscription manual, together with the subscription 
of her husband, Henry, Lord Methven, in token of his consent, to the said Eobert 
Boyd, younger, his heirs and assignees : and first he produced a Letter of Assedation 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 167 

by the said Queen Margaret to the said Eobert Boyd, younger, of the lands and lord- 
ship of Kilmarnock, with the castle, fortalice, and gardens belonging thereto ; namely, 
Kilmarnock, Dairy, ISToddisdale, Kilbride, Flatt, and ISTariston, with an annualrent of 
Martuam, and with the mill of Kilmarnock, and all other mills of the whole lordship, 
with the holdings and tenandries of the same, in the lordship of Cunningham and 
shire of Ayr, for the space of nine years ; dated at Edinburgh 13th June 1532 : And 
secondly, the said James Somervell, on behalf of the said Piobert Boyd, younger, pro- 
duced a sufficient Letter of Bailiery of the said lands and lordship of Kilmarnock, 
granted by the said Queen Margaret to the said Eobert Boyd, younger, for nine years ; 
dated at Edinburgh 14th June 1532 : And thirdly, another letter granted by the 
said Queen, with consent foresaid, to the said Eobert Boyd, younger, making mention 
that the said most excellent lady had actually, bodily, and really, with effect, personally 
received the said Eobert Boyd, younger, as her tenant, bailie, and chamberlain, in and 
to all and sundry the aforesaid lands and lordship of Kilmarnock, and as constable 
and keeper of the castle, manor-house, and fortalice thereof, for nine years, and this 
with consent of the aforementioned Eobert Boyd, elder, by his assignation of the same 
in the hands of Her Majesty, in person ; dated at Edinburgh, 14th June 1532. 
Further, to verify the premisses, the said Most Excellent Lady, with consent of her 
husband, personally detained with herself as her familiar servant and household man 
for ten or twelve days the said Eobert Boyd, younger, from thenceforth her tenant, 
bailie, and chamberlain, etc., as the said rector of Dunse asserted. Then, fourthly, the 
said rector produced a precept by the said Queen Margaret, commanding all the 
tenants and inhabitants of the said lands and lordship to obey the said Eobert Boyd, 
younger, for the said period of nine years, in terms of the said letters, as they would 
answer to the said Queen Margaret ; dated at Edinburgh, 14th June 1532. After the 
production and reading of which letters, the said James Somervell, in virtue thereof, 
required the said Eobert Boyd, elder, and also all the tenants and inhabitants of the 
lordship of Kilmarnock, to obey the foresaid Eobert Boyd, younger, in all things, in 
terms of the said letters : whereupon Eobert Boyd, elder, with all due reverence, 
publicly declared that he would obey the said Most Excellent Lady the Queen in all 
things, according to the tenor of the said letters ; and in like manner all the tenants 
there present publicly acknowledged, speaking and crying out with one voice, without 
any contradiction, to the same effect : which things having been thus duly performed, 
the said James Somervell, in virtue of the said letters, expelled the said Eobert Boyd, 
elder, from the judgment-seat, and personally, really, actually, and bodily imposed, 
vested, and lawfuUy introduced the said Eobert Boyd, younger, into his judicial place, 
in peaceful possession of the said office of bailiery, and of the tack of the said lands 
and lordship of Kilmarnock and office of chamberlain thereof, and also of constable 
and keeper of the castle, etc. All which the said Eobert Boyd, younger, duly accepted, 
and there forthwith appointed all necessary officers and members of court, namely, 
clerk, Serjeants, suitors, and deputes, and caused them to be sworn by reverently 



168 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

touching the holy evangels of God, that they should justly exercise their respective 
ofElces ; after which the said Eobert Boyd, younger, proceeded to administer justice to 
all there making complaint. These things were done near the parish church of Dairy, 
at the hours of ten and eleven before noon of the 5th May 1534 ; the witnesses 
present being Mr. Cristal Boyd, Provost of the Church of St. Mary, lately founded in 
the city of Glasgow ; James Cuningham, in Montgrenane ; Thomas Boyd ; James 
Aslose of that Ilk, etc. 



31. Instrument on the Transfer of the Castle of Cassillis from Robert Boyd in Kil- 
marnock, to William, Allot of Crosraguell, and Exoneration of the former 
therefm-} [2 6 th June 1 5 3 4. j 

In Dei nomine amen per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter quod anno Incarnacionis Dominice miUesimo quingentesimo trigesimo 
quarto die vero mensis Junii vicesimo sexto indictione septima pontificatusque sanctis- 
simi in Christo patris et domini nostri domine dementis divina providencia pape 
septimi undecimo in mei notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presenciis persona- 
liter constitutus venerabilis in Christo pater Willelmus permissione divina abbas 
monasterii de Corsraguell ac curator nobilis et potentis domini Gilberti comitis de 
Cassillis fatebatur se nomine et ex parte dicti comitis ac virtute dicti sui officii 
recipisse a Eoberto Boyd in Kilmernok herede et executore quondam domine 
Margarete Boyd comitisse de Cassillis castrum et locum de Cassillis cum hortis 
pomeriis edificiis et singulis suis pertinenciis una cum silvis ac omnibus et singulis 
aliis edificiis existentia in manibus dicte domine Margarete comitisse de Cassillis 
tempore sui decessus spectantia et pertinentia dicto comiti de Cassillis tam sufficientia 
in omnibus et per omnia et meliora quam dicta domina Margareta eadem tempore 
deliberacionis sibi eorundem recepit Et hoc in omnibus et per omnia secundum 
formam et tenorem cuiusdam scripti medio tempore inter eosdem confecti Quod- 
quidem scriptum dicte partes michi notario publico subscripto tradiderunt perlegendum 
excopiandum et in banc publicam formam instrumentalem redigendum Cuiusquidem 
scripti tenor sequitur et est talis videlicet The xxvj day of Junii the yeir of God j™ 
v'^ xxxiiij yeiris WiUiame be the permissione of God abbot of Corsraguell and curatour 
to ane nobUl and mychty lord Gilbert erill of Cassillis grantit him in name and 
behalf of the said eriU to have ressavit fra the said Piobert Boyd ayr and executour to 
the said umquhile dame Margarete Boyd the castell and place of Cassillis with the 
yardis orchyardis biggingis and all pertinentis quhatsumevir pertenyng tharto to- 
gydder with the woddis and aU uther biggingis with thair pertynentis quhatsumevir 
being in hir handis the tyme of hir deces pertenyng to the said erill of CassiUis als 

1 Kilmarnoclc Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 169 

sufficient and bettir in all sortis na qulien scho ressavit the samyn ffor the quhilk the 
tyme of hir resate tharof "Williame Boyd of Banhaith come cautioun and soverte him- 
self and his aris for the uphalding of the samyn And because the said Eobert Boyd 
in Kilmernok ayre and executoure foresaide to the said umquhile dame Marcarete 
Boyd hes delyverit to the said venerable fader in God in name and behalf of the said 
erill his brother sone as curatour foresaid the said place and castell with the yardis 
orchyardis biggingis thareof and all pertinentis quhatsumevir pertenyng thareto to- 
gydder with the woddis and all uther biggingis quhatsumevir with thare pertinentis 
pertenyng to the said erill being in hir handis the tyme of hir deces and delyverit to 
hir in manor as said is als sufficient and bettir be his awin grant na quhen scho 
resavit the samyn Tharfore the venerabill fader in God in name and behalf of the said 
Erill of Cassillis as his curatour forsaid quytclamyt and dischargit the said Eobert 
Boyd in Kilmernok as ayr and executour forsaid to the said umquhile Dame Mar- 
garete Boyd and Williame Boyd of Banhaith hir cautionare and soverte forsaid thare 
ayris executouris and assignais thareof for now and evir And attour James Kennedy 
of Blarquhan personally present at instance and requeist of the said venerable fader 
in God band and oblist him his aris executouris and assignais in the stratest forme 
and stile of obligatioun to the said Eobert Boyd in Kilmernok ayr and executour for- 
said to warrand releif and keipe skaithles the said Eobert Boyd in Kilmernok and 
Williame Boyd of Banhaith thare airis executouris and assignais anentis the samyn at 
the handis of the said erill of Cassillis and all utheris havand enteres tharto be ony 
maner of way and siclyke the said venerable fader in God band and oblist hym and 
his successouris in the stratest forme and style of obligatioun to warrand releif and 
keipe skaithles the said James Kennedy of Blarquhane his airis executouris and 
assignais at the handis of the said erill of Cassillis his ayris executouris and assignais 
and of all utheris havand enteres thareto anentis the samyn be ony maner of way 
And mare attour band and oblist hym and his successouris in the stratest forme and 
style of obligatioun to cause the said erill of Cassillis himself to quytclame and dis- 
charge the saidis Eobert Boyd in Kilmernok Williame Boyd of Banhaith and James 
Kennedy of Blarquhan thar airis executouris and assignais thareof in the stratest 
forme and style of exoneratioun incontynent efter his hayme cumyng owte of France 
leallely and trewly but fraude or gyle : Super quibus vero omnibus et singulis sic pre- 
missis prefatus Eobertus Boyd in Kilmernok a me notario publico subscripto sibi fieri 
peciit unum sen plura publicum sen publica instrumentum vel instrumenta Acta 
erant hec apud portam castri de Cassillis hora sexta post meridiem aut eacirca sub 
anno mense die indictione et pontificatu quibus supra Presentibus ibidem honorabili- 
bus viris videlicet magistro Valtero Kennedy canonico Glasguensi Thoma Corry de 
Kelwode Jacobo Stewart de Blakhaw Thoma Davidsone de Grenane Jacobo Blayr de 
Myddill Auchindrane magistris Georgio Kennedy et Gilberto Corry capellanis ac 
notariis publicis domino Johanne Kennedy prebendario de Mayboill Thoma Boyd 
seniore Eoberto Park Jacobo Slos de eodem Thoma Boyd juniore ac dominis Georgio 



170 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

Blayr et Alexandre Jamesone capellanis ac notariis publicis cum diversis aliis testi- 
bus ad premissa vocatis debitaque cum instancia rogatis et requisitis. 

Et ego vero Stepbanus Prestoun clericus Glasguensis diocesis sacraque auctoritate 
apostolica notarius, etc. 

32. Letter of Reversion hy Riehard Bothwell, Provost, of the Kirk of Field, to Robert 
Boyd in Kilmarnock, over the lands of Raith} [26th January 1542-3.] 

Till all and sindry quhais knawlege thir present lettres sail cum Maister Eichart 
Bothuell provost of oure Ladyis college Kirk of Feild within the wallis of the burgh 
of Edinburgh greting in God everlasting wittis your universiteis That albeit ane 
honorable man Eobert Boyd in Kilmarnok to me myne airis and assignais hes said 
and analijt heretablie be charter and sasing all and sindry his fiffe pund land of 
Eaith auld extent vrith the mylne of the saniyn and thair pertinence liand in the 
barony of Ovir Lowdoun parochiane of Kilmarnok balliery of Cvnynghame and 
within the scherefdome of Air as at mair lenth is coutenit in his charter maid and 
gevin to me thairupone Nevirtheles I will and grantis and alswa lelelie and treulie 
bindis and oblissis me be the faith and treuth in my body my airis and assignais 
that quhat tyme or how sone it sal happin the said Eobert Boyd in Kilmarnok 
bis airis or assignais upon ane day betuix the sone rising and ganging to of that Ilk 
into the college kirk of Sanct Geill of Edinburgh and thair upon Sanct James altar 
the apostill situat within the samyn to content and pay to me myne airis or assignais 
the soume of four hundrecth markis in gold and silver gude and usuale money of 
Scotland havand cours of payment for the tyme That than incontinent eftir the 
payment of the said soume of four hundrecth markis swa to be maid payit and 
deliverit as said is I myne airis and assignais sail renunce purelie and simplie 
resigne quitclame ourgif and frelie deliver agane to the said Eobert Boyd his airis or 
assignais all and sindry the said fiffe pund land of Eaith auld extent with the mylne 
of the samyn and thair pertinence with charter sasing and all uther evidentis maid 
and gevin to me thairupone and witht all richt and titill of richt clame properte and 
possessioun heretable quhilk in the foirsaid fiffe pund land of Eaith auld extent with 
the mylne of the samyn and thair pertinence I have had hes or may have for me my 
airis or assignais be ony maner of way in tyme to cum And that I my airis nor 
assignais sail nocht fraudfullie nor wilfullie absent ws fra the ressaving of the said 
soume of four hundrecth markis I or thai being lauchfullie warnit thairto be the said 
Eobert Boyd his airis or assignais outher personalie or at our duelling place for the 
tyme upon fourty dayis warnyng of befor in presens of ane notar and witnes as efferis 
And gif I myne airis or assignais fraudfullie or wilfullie absentis ws fra the ressaving 
of the said soume of four hundreeth markis as God forbeid we do we beand warnit as 

' Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 171 

said is Than it salbe lesum to the said Eobert Boyd his airis and assignais to have 
fall regies and Ingres in and to the properte and possessioun heretable of all and 
sindry the said fiffe pund land of Raith auld extent with the rnylne of the samyn and 
thair pertinence like as he had of the samyn befor the alienatioun maid and gevin to 
me of the samyn Nevirtheles the foirsaid soume of four hundrecth markis to the 
utilite and proffet of me myne airis and assignais under sicker keping to be put in the 
handis of the thesaurar or dene of geld of the burgh of Edinburgh quhilk for the tyme 
sail be all cavillatioun fraud and gile secludit and away put In witnes of the quhilk 
thing to thir present lettres subscrivit with my hand my seill is to bunging at 
Edinburgh the twenty-sext day of Januar the yeir of God ane thousand fiffe hundrecth 
and fourty twa yeris befor thir witnes Maister Malcvme Eiohe Alexander Somerwell 
Sir Thomas Eichesone chapellane and James Young notar pubLict with utheris divers. 

(Signed) Richaedus BoiTHaELL. 

33. Abstract.^ 

Oblisement by the Earles of Argyle and others to warrand and assist Robert Boyd 
of Kilmarnock in all the actions he shall have to do, dated the year 1543. 

34. Letters of Charge inhibiting the Master of Glencarne from executing a Warrant 
against Mohert Boyd, for delivery of the Castle of Kilmarnock} \2'dth October 
1543.] 

Marie be the grace of God Queue of Scottis to our lovit Sohireffis of Renfrew 
baillies of Kyle and Cwnynghame and to their deputtis and till our lovittis 
heraldis maisseris messingeris our schireffis in that part greting : 

Eorsamekle as we are informit that thair is lettres rasit at the instance of 
maister of Glencarne for charge of Robert Boyd or any otheiis withhaldaris of the 
castell of Kylmarnock to deliver the samyn to him or his serwandis within certane 
days or houris undir the pane of putting of thame to the borne quhilk days or houris 
being bipast for to put thame to our borne Quhilk lettres gif thai have effect in this 
trublis tyme may be occasioun of gret dissensioun and surrectioun amang our leigis 
Oure will is heirfor that ye or ane of you as ye be requirit pas to the personale presens 
of the said maister or ony wther executour of the saidis lettres and dischairge thame 
fra ony execution of the said lettres, and failzeing of thair personal presens that ye 
pas to the held burghis of the schiris and wther places neidfuU and thair discharge the 
executioun of the saidis lettres and the effect thareof in our name and our darrest 
tutour and governour for certane causis moving ws thareto And als giff the said 
Robert or ony of his complices be verteu of the saidis lettres be put to the home that 
ye or ony ane of you being requirit thare to relax thame tharefra and gilf thame the 
1 Ahhotsford MiscelL, i. 12. ^ Kilmarnock Writs. 



172 THE BOYD PA.PEES. 

-wand of peax Dischargeing you and all otheris our officiaris in that part for executioun 
of the saidis lettres of horning upon the said Kobert quhill we and our darrest tutour 
and governor be avisit tharewith at our nixt parliament. Alsua that ye in our name 
and our said derrest tutour and governouris charge bayth the saidis parties that nane 
of thame mak gaderingis or convocatioun of our leigis a contra otheris undir the pane 
of deid The quhilk to do we commit to you and ilk ane of you our full powar be thir 
our lettres delivering thame be you deulie execut and indorsate agane to the berar. 
Gevin at Striveling and subscrivit with our said governour and undir our signete the 
xxix day of October and of our regnne the iirst yeir. 

JAMES G. 

35. Confirmation ly Cardinal Beaton of Charter hy the Allot of Kilwinning 
to William Boyd of Baddinhaith of the lands of Barcraigs} [ZQth April 1545.] 

David miseratione divina tituli sancti Stephani in Celio Monte sancte Eomane 
ecclesie presbiter cardinalis Sanctiandree archiepiscopus tocius regni Scotie primas 
apostoUce sedis legatus natus ac per universum regnum predictum eiusdem sedis de 
Latere Legatus discretis viris precentori et subdecano ecclesie Glasguensis ac ofiQciali 
Glasguensi generali salutem in Domino sempiternam hiis que pro monasteriorum et 
aliorum religiosorum locorum commodo et utilitate facta fuisse noscuntur ut firma 
perpetuo et illibata persistant sedes apostolica cum ab ea petitur libenter apostolicam 
mandat adiici firmitatem exhibita nobis nuper pro parte dilecti nobis in Christo 
honorabilis viri Willelmi Boyd de Baddinhaith Glasguensis diocesis petitio continebat 
quod alias religiosi viri Alexander abbas monasterii de Kylwynnyng et eiusdem 
conventus ordinis sancti Benedict! dicte Glasguensis diocesis unanimi consensu et 
assensu propter hoc capitulariter congregati utilitate et commodo dicti monasterij et 
successorum suorum undique previsis et cousideratis diligenti tractatu et matura 
deliberatione prehabitis pro evident! utilitate dicti monasterij in augmentum annuum 
rentalis eorundem ad summam sex solidorum et octo denariorum usualis monete regni 
Scotie plusquam unquam terre subscripte prius eiis aut predecessoribus suis persol- 
verunt necnon pro policia in dicto regno Scotie habenda ac intuitu statutorum 
parliament! desuper editorum verum etiam pro certis pecuniarum summis ipsis abbat! 
et conventui premanibus per prefatum Willelmum exponentem gratanter et integre 
persolutis ac nonnullis aliis gratitudinibus et bene meritis per ipsum Willelmum eiis 
multipliciter impensis Totas et integras terras suas de Barcraigis vulgo nuncupatas 
extendentes annuatim ad tredecim solidatas et quatuor denariatas dicte monete 
antiqui extentus cum singulis suis pertinentiis in parrochia de Beith regalitate 
eorundem de Kylwynnyng Balivatu de Cunynghame et infra vicecomitatum de Ayr 
juxta SUDS confines consistentes et jacentes et ad dictum monasterium legittime 
pertinentes dicto Wilelmo exponent! heredibus suis et assignatis quibuscunque per eos 

' Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 173 

de abbate et conventu prefatis et eorundem successoribus in feudifirma emphiteosi et 
hereditate imperpetuum tenendas et habendas et per omnes rectas metas suas antiquas 
et divisas prout jacebant in longitudine et latitudine in boscis planis moris marresiis 
viis semitis aquis stagnis rivulis pratis pascuis et pasturis aucupationibus venationibus 
piscationibus petariis turbariis columbis columbariis cuniculis euniculariis carbonibus 
carbonariis pomis pomeriis silvis nemoribus virgultis domibus edificiis ortis tignis 
lignis lapicidiis lapide et calce fabrilibus brueriis et genestis ac mulierum marchetis 
cum communi pastura libero introitu et exitu et cum omnibus aliis et singulis 
libertatibus commoditatibus proficuis asiamentis ac iustis pertinenciis suis quibus- 
cunque tam non nominatis quam nominatis tam subtus terram quam supra terram 
procul et prope ad predictas terras cum pertinenciis spectantibus seu juste spectare 
valentibus quomodolibet in futurum libere quiete plenarie integre honorifice bene et in 
pace sine aliquo impedimento revocatione contradictione aut obst'aculo aliquali sub 
annuo canone sive censu summe viginti solidorum dicte monete Scotie per Willelmum 
exponentem prefatum heredes suos et assignatos Alexandro abbati et conventui 
prefatis et eorundem successoribus pro tempore existentibus pro una videlicet in 
pentbecostes et alia medietatibus annui census huiusmodi in sancti Martini episcopi 
mensis Novembris festivitatibus annis singulis unacum multuris solitis et consuetis ac 
tribus pultriis annuatim in terminis solitis integre persolvendo et in primo anno 
introitus cuiuslibet heredis ad totas et integras prenominatas terras cum pertinenciis 
dictum canonem sive annuum censum duplicando Ac quod exponens heredes et 
assignati sui prefati tres sectas ad tria abbatis et conventus ac successorum. piedictorum 
placita capitalia regalitatis dicti monasterii de Kylwynnyng annuatim tenenda cum 
servitiis in curiis eorundem justiciarie et camerarie cum contigerint faciant nomine 
feudifirme tantum pro omni alio onere exactione questione demanda seu servitio 
seculari que de predictis terris cum pertinenciis juste exigi possent quomodolibet vel 
requiri Alexander vero abbas et conventus prefati et eorundem successores totas et 
integras prenominatas terras de Barcraigis cum pertinenciis Willelmo exponenti 
heredibus suis et assignatis quibuscunque adeo libere quiete plenarie in omnibus et 
per omnia forma pariter et effectu ut premissum est contra omnes mortales varantizare 
acquietare et imperpetuum defendere teneremur ac forsan sub certis aliis pactis 
legibus conditionibus declarationibus et limitationibus tunc forsan expressis salvo 
sedis apostolice dederant concesserant locaverant arendaverant et ad feudifirmam et 
perpetuam emphiteosim dimiserant prout in ipsorum Alexandri et conventus pre- 
fatorum carta manibus eorundem subscripta et sigillo communi dicti monasterii 
sigillata seu aliis Uteris instrumentis et documentis publiois desuper confecta seu 
confectis plenius dicitur contineri Ipseque Willelmus exponens dationis concessionis 
locationis et dimissionis earundem vigore possessionem terrarum predictarum cum 
pertinenciis huiusmodi forsan assecutus extitit Cum autem sicut eadem subiungebat 
petitio datio concessio locatio et dimissio huiusmodi in evidentem cesserint et cedant 
dicti monasterii de Kylwynnyng utilitatem Cupiatque prefatus exponens illas pro 



174 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

earum subsistentia firmiori apostolice confirmationis munimine roborari Quare suppli- 
cari fecit humiliter idem exponens sibi super hiis per dictam sedem apostolicam de 
opportune remedio misericorditer provideri Nos igitur ad iufrascripta sufficient! 
apostolica facultate potiti deque premissis certam noticiam non habentes dictarum 
terrarum cum pertinenciis situationes confines veros annuos valores qualitates 
quantitates et circumstantias ac veriora vocabula necnon carte et literarum seu 
instrumentorum huiusmodi veriores tenores presentibus pro sulficienter expressis 
habentes ac attendentes quod in hiis in quibus monasteriorum et aliorum religiosorum 
locorum evidens procuratur utilitas favorabiles esse debemus atque benigni auctoritate 
apostolica nobis concessa et qua fungimur in hac parte discretioni vestre committimus 
et mandamus Quatenus si et postquam vocatis Alexandro abbate et conventu prefatis 
et seu pro tempore existentibus abbate et conventu ac aliis qui fuerunt evocandi de 
datione concessione locatione et dimissione ac aliis permissis ut prefertur factis Et 
quod iUe in evidentem dicti monasterii utilitatem cedant vobis aut duobus vestrum 
coniunctim procedentibus legittime constiterit Super quibus conscientiam vestram 
oneramus Easdem dationem concessionem locationem et dimissionem ac prout illas 
concernunt omnia et singula in carta et literas seu instrumentis predictis contenta 
licita tamen et honesta apostolica auctoritate approbetis et confirmetis Eiisque perpetue 
firmitatis robur adiiciatis ac ilia valida et efficatia existere suosque effectus sortiri et 
perpetuo inviolabiliter observari Sicque per quoscunque judices quavis auctoritate 
fungentes sublata eiis et eorum cuilibet quavis alitor judicandi et interpretandi 
facultate et auctoritate judicari et diffiniri debere ac quicquid secus attemptari 
contigerit irritum et inane decernatis Omnesque et singulos juris et facti defectus si qui 
forsan intervenerint in eisdem suppleatis Non obstantibus premissis ac felicis recorda- 
tionis Domini Pauli pape secundi de rebus ecclesiasticis non alienandis et quibusvis 
aliis apostolicis ac in provincialibus et synodalibus conciliis editis generalibus vel 
specialibus constitutionibus et ordinationibus ac monasterij et ordinis predictorum 
etiam juramento confirmatione apostolica vel quavis firmitate alia roboratis statutis et 
consuetudinibus privilegiis quoque indultis et Uteris apostolicis eisdem monasterio et 
ordini ac illorum p'ersonis sub quibuscunque tenoribus et formis ac cum quibusvis 
etiam derogatoriarum derogatoriis aliisque fortioribus efficatioribus et insolitis claus- 
ulis irritantibusque et aliis decretis etiam iteratis vicibus concessis approbatis et 
innovatis Quibus omnibus tenores illorum ac si de verbo ad verbum nichil penitus 
omisso et forma in illis tradita observata insererentur presentibus pro expressis 
habentes illis alias in suo robore permansuris hac vice dumtaxat specialiter et expresse 
derogamus ceterisque contrariis quibuscunque Datum Edinburgi nostre Sanctiandree 
diocesis sub sigillo nostri legationis anno incarnationis dominice millesimo quino-en- 
tesimo quadragesimo quinto pridie Kalendas Maij pontificatus sanctissimi in Christo 
patris et domini nostri domini Pauli divina providentia pape tertii anno undecimo. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. I75 

Abstract. 

Confirmation by Cardinal David (Beaton) of a Charter of feu ferme, granted by 
Alexander, abbot of Kilwinning, to William Boyd of Baddinhaith, of the lands of 
Barcraigs, in the parish of Beith, regality of Kilwinning, bailiary of Cunynghame, 
and shire of Ayr, at the yearly rent of twenty shillings Scots, which should be doubled 
at the entry of each heir. Dated at Edinburgh 30th April 1545. 

36. Sasine on Crown Precept, in favour of Robert Boyd, son and luir-apparent of 
Robert Boyd of Kilmarnock, of the Lordship of Kilmarnock, and others} 
[22d September 1545.] 

In Dei nomine, amen : per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter quod anno incarnationis Dominice millesimo quingentesimo quadragesimo 
quinto mensis vero Septembris die vicesimo secundo indictione quarta pontificatusque 
sanctissimi in Christo patris et domini nostri Pauli divina providentia pape tertii 
anno undecimo in nostrum notariorum publicorum et testium subscriptorum presentia 
personaliter constitutus probus vir Pvobertus Boyd in Clerkland ballivus de Cunyng- 
hame in hac parte quoddam sasine preceptum supreme domine nostre regine 
pergameno scriptum sub testimonio sui magni sigilli alba cera pendentis more 
cancellarie ballivo de Cunynghame et deputatis suis directum sibique Eoberto per 
Thomam Boyd de Lyne actornatum honorabilis viri Eoberti Boyd filii et heredis 
apparentis Eoberti Boyd de Kylmernok presentatum reverenter accepit et illud nobis 
notariis publicis subscriptis tradidit plegendum exemplandum et in banc publicam 
formam instrumentalem redigendum cuius vero sasine precepti tenor sequitur et est 
talis Maria Dei gratia regina Scotorum ballivo nostro de Cunynghame et deputatis 
suis necnon dilectis nostris Jacobo Wylee Eoberto Boyd in Clerkland, etc., ac eorum 
cuilibet coniunctim et divisim ballivis nostris de Cunynghame in hac parte salutem 
Quia nos tanquam princeps et Scotie Senescalla cum avisamento authoritate et 
consensu charissimi consanguinei et tutoris nostri Jacobi Aranie comitis domini 
Hammyltoun, etc., regni nostri protectoris et gubernatoris dedimus et concessimus 
hereditarie dilecto nostro Eoberto Boyd filio et heredi apparenti Eoberti Boyd de 
Kilmernok heredibus suis et assignatis Omnes et singulas terras dominium et baroniam 
de Kilmernok cum castro fortalicio maneriis ortis pomariis molendinis multuris 
piscariis brasinis lie outsettis partibus pendiculis silvis annuls redditibus annexis 
connexis tenentibus tenandriis et libere tenentium servitiis advocatione donatione et 
jure patronatus ecclesiarum et capellaniarum earundem et suis pertinentiis Terras et 
baroniam de Dairy cum manerie ortis pomariis molendinis multuris piscariis annuls 
redditibus brasinis lie outsettis partibus pendiculis silvis annexis connexis tenentibus 
tenandriis libere tenentium serviciis advocatione et donatione ecclesiarum et capel- 

^ Kilmarnock Writs. 



176 THE BOYD PAPEKS. 

laniarum earundem et suis pertinentiis Terras et baroniam de Kilbryde cum manerie 
ortis pomariis molendinis multuris piscariis annuls redditibus brasinis silvis lie 
outsettis partibus pendiculis annexis connexis tenentibus tenandriis libere tenentium 
serviciis advocatione et donatione ecclesiarum et capellaniarum earundem et suis 
pertinenciis Terras de Eyvisdalemure cum manerie ortis pomariis molendinis multuris 
piscariis annuis redditibus brasinis silvis lie outsettis partibus pendiculis annexis 
connexis tenentibus tenandriis libere tenentium serviciis advocatione et donatione 
ecclesiarum et capellaniarum earundem et suis pertinentiis Terras de Nodisdale cum 
molendinis piscariis brasinis partibus et pendiculis earundem et suis pertinentiis 
Terras de Flat cum molendinis piscariis brasinis partibus et pendiculis earundem et 
suis pertinentiis et terras de Monfoid cum suis pertinentiis jacentes in balliatu nostro 
de Cunynghame et infra vicecomitatum nostrum de Aire Quequidem omnes et singule 
terre dominium et baronie suprascripte cum castro fortalicio maneriis hortis pomariis 
molendinis multuris piscariis annuis redditibus brasinis silvis lie outsettis partibus 
pendiculis annexis connexis tenentibus tenandriis libere tenentium serviciis advocatione 
et donatione et jure patronatus ecclesiarum et capellaniarum ac omnibus suis pertinenciis 
fuerunt dicti Eoberti Boyd senioris perprius hereditarie et quas idem per fnstim et 
baculum in manibus prefati nostri gubernatoris tanquam in manibus nostris apud 
Falkland personaliter sursum reddidit pureque et simpliciter resignavit prout in carta 
nostra desuper confecta plenius continetur Vobis precipimus et mandamus quatenus 
prefato Pioberto Boyd juniori vel suo certo actornato latori presentium sasinam 
predictarum terrarum dominii et baroniarum cum castro fortalicio maneriis ortis 
pomariis molendinis multuris piscariis annuis redditibus brasinis silvis lie outsettis 
partibus pendiculis annexis connexis tenentibus tenandriis libere tenentium serviciis 
advocatione donatione et jure patronatus ecclesiarum et capellaniarum earundem ac 
omnibus suis pertinentiis secundum tenorem dicte nostre carte quam de nobis inde 
habet juste haberi faciatis et sine dilatione Salvo nicliilominus et reservato libero 
tenemento et vitali redditu omnium et singularum terrarum dominii baroniarum et 
annuorum reddituum suprascriptorum cum castro fortalicio maneriis molendinis 
multuris piscariis brasinis silvis lie outsettis partibus pendiculis annexis connexis 
tenentibus tenandriis libere tenentium serviciis advocatione et donatione ecclesiarum 
et capellaniarum earundem ac omnibus suis pertinentiis prefato Eoberto Boyd seniori 
pro toto tempore vite sue Et rationabili tercio earundem spouse sue quum contigerit 
Et hoc nuUo modo omittatis ad quod faciendum vobis et vestrum cuilibet coniunctim 
et divisim ballivis nostris de Cunynghame in hac parte committimus potestatem 
Datum sub testimonio nostri magni sigilli apud Falkland sexto die mensis Septembris 
anno regni nostri tertio Quoquidem sasine precepto viso et perlecto idem Eobertus 
Boyd in Clerkland ballivus de Cunynghame in hac parte antedictus virtute sui officii 
accessit et statum ac sasinam hereditariam necnon realem actualem et corporalem 
possessionem primo totarum et integrarum terrarum et baronie de Dairy predictarum 
cum manerie ortis pomariis molendinis multuris piscariis annuis redditibus brasinis 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 177 

lie outsettis partibus pcndiculis silvis annexis connexis tenentibus tenandriis libere 
tenentium serviciis advocatione et donatione ecclesiarum et capellaniarum earundem 
et suis pertinentiis turn secuudo totarum et integrarum prescriptarum terrarum de 
Eyvisdailmiire cum manerie ortis pomariis molendinis multuris piscariis annuis 
redditibus brasinis silvis lie outsettis partibus pendiculis annexis connexis tenentibus 
tenandriis libere tenentium serviciis advocatione et donatione ecclesiarum et capel- 
laniarum earundem et suis pertinentiis Turn tertio terrarum de Flat cum molendinis 
piscariis brasinis partibus et pendiculis earundem et suis pertinentiis Turn quarto 
prefatarum terrarum de Nodisdale cum molendinis piscariis brasinis partibus et 
pendiculis earundem et suis pertinentiis Tum quinto totarum et integrarum predictarum 
terrarum et baronie de Kylbryde cum manerie ortis pomariis molendinis multuris 
piscariis annuis redditibus brasinis silvis lie outsettis partibus pendiculis annexis 
connexis tenentibus tenandriis libere tenentium serviciis advocatione et donatione 
ecclesiarum et capellaniarum earundem et suis pertinentiis et ultimo perscriptorum 
terrarum de Monfoid cum suis pertinentiis dicto Thome Boyd de Lyne actornato 
prefati Eoberti Boyd junioris Eeservans supra reservata secundum tenorem prescripte 
carte supreme domine nostre regine sibi desuper confecte per terre et lapidis 
predictarum terrarum fundi traditionem ut moris est separatim et successive dedit et 
deliberavit imperpetuum Literarum vero actornatus supreme domine nostre Eegine 
more sue cancellarie directarum nobisque notariis publicis subscriptis per dictum 
Thomam Boyd in premissis ostensarum tenor sequitur Maria Dei gratia regina 
Scotorum omnibus probis bominibus suis ad quos presentes litere pervenerint salutem 
Sciatis quod suscepimus Thomam Boyd de Lyne Jacobum Prestoun vel eorum 
aliquos vel aliquem actornatos vel actornatum diiecti nostri Eoberti Boyd iilii et 
heredis apparentis Eoberti Boyd de Kilmernok in omnibus negotiis et laquelis 
placitis et querelis motis seu movendis ipsum Eobertum juniorem tangeutibus seu 
tangere valentibus quibuscunque diebus et locis contra quoscunque et coram 
quibuscunque Quare vobis precipimus et mandamus quatenus dictos Thomam 
Jacobum, etc., vel eorum aliquos vel aliquem quos vel quem presentes vel presentem 
esse contigerit tanquam actornatos vel actornatum dicti Eoberti Boyd junioris in 
premissis recipiatis presentibus post annum minime valituris in cuius rei testimonium 
has literas nostras sibi fieri fecimus patentes apud sanctum Andream septimo die 
mensis Septembris anno regni nostri tertio Super quibus vero omnibus et singulis sic 
premissis prefatus Thomas Boyd de Lyne actornatus antedictus nomine et ex parte 
memorati Eoberti Boyd junioris a nobis notariis publicis subscriptis sibi fieri petiit 
instrumenta unum aut plura Acta erant hec super solum predictarum terrarum 
videlicet apud Gowanley in Dairy hora nona ante meridiem vel ea circa apud 
Catburne in Eyvisdalemure hora undecima ante meridiem vel ea circa apud mansionem 
de Flat et apud Nodisdale hora prima post meridiem vel ea circa apud Brewlandis 
in Kylbryde et apud Monfoid hora quarta post meridiem vel ea circa sub anno 
die mense Indictione et pontificatu quibus supra Presentibus ibidem Alexandre 

2 A 



178 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

Cunynghame filio Jacobi Cunynhame de Skelmurley Thoma Boyd in Cukistoun 
Johanne Boyd in Dairy Johanne Montgomery in Flat et domino Johanne Brown 
capellano testibus ad premissa vocatis pariter et rogatis. 

Et ego vero Henricus Prestoun clericus Glasguensis diocesis sacraque authoritate 
apostolica Notarius publicus ac scriba curie vicecomitatus de Aire, etc. 

Et ego vero Eobertus Boyd clericus Glasguensis diocesis sacraque apostolica et 
imperiali auctoritatibus notarius publicus, etc. 

Abstract. 

Instrument of Sasine, proceeding on Precept by Mary Queen of Scots, in favour of 
Eobert Boyd, son and heir -apparent of Eobert Boyd of Kylmernok, and upon 
resignation by the latter personally in the hands of James Earl of Arran, Governor of 
Scotland, of all and whole the lands, lordship, and barony of Kylmernok, with the 
castle, fortalice, manor-place, and others thereto belonging ; the lands and barony of 
Dairy ; lands and barony of Kylbryde ; lands of Eyvisdalemure, Nodisdale, Flat, and 
Monfoid ; all lying in the bailiary of Cunynghame and shire of Ayr, with the mills 
and fishings of the respective lands ; and with the advocation, donation, and patronage 
of the churches and chapels of Kilmernok, Dairy, Kilbryde, and Eyvisdalemure. 
Dated 22d September 1545. 

3 7. Olligation 'by Dame, Marion Seytoun, Countess of Eglyntoun, to Robert 
Master of Boid} {lUh May 1547.] 

Be it kend tyll all men be thir present letteris, me Dayme Merioun Seytoun, Cunetass 
of Eglyntoun, to be bundin and oblist, and be the tenour herof biodis and oblisses me 
to ane honorabill man, Eobert Master of Boid, be the faitht and threucht in my body, 
that I sail nocht mare nor contract mariage with na maner of persone nor persones, 
nor sett takis nor rowmes pertening the houss and lordschep of Montgumre to na gen- 
tilman bot thai that ar in possessioun now presentle, or else to thaim that succedis to 
the possessiounis and tenentis now instant, without avise and consent of the said 
Eobert Maister Boyd ; and herto bindis and oblissis me under the panis of periure 
and defamatioun : In witnes of the quhilk I haif subscrivit this my obligatioun with 
my hand at Edinbrught, the sextene day of Mali, the yeir of God I™ fyf hundreth 
fourte and sevin yeris, befoir thir witnes, Charles Mouat of Knokyntebir, Adame Mont- 
gumre of Murehouss, Hew Montgumrie, balye depute of Ktllvynning, Thomas Nevin 
of Monkreddin, and Schir AUane Porterfeld, notar pubKk, with utheris divers. 

Signature 

' Memorials of the Montgomeries, ii. 143. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 179 

38. Absteact.^ 

Letters of Eelaxation from the process of the home, by Mary, Queen of Scots, in 
favour of Eobert, Master of Boyd, John Brysbane of Bischoptoun, David Fairlie, 
younger of that Ilk, and others, inasmuch as they had found bail for their appearance 
before the Justiciary Court, to answer for the cruel slaughter of Nele Montgomery of 
Langschaw, Knight. Given under the Signet, at Edinburgh, llth December 1548. 

39. Abstract.^ 

Letters of Eemission by Mary, Queen of Scots, with consent of the Eegent Arran, 
to Eobert, Master of Boyd, John Birsbane of Bischoptoun, David Eairlie, younger of 
that Ilk, Charles Mowat of Busby, Eobert Boyd, younger of Portincroce, Eobert Boyd 
in Clerkland, Archibald Boyll and William Blair, for not joining the army appointed 
to assemble at Glaidismuir, to oppose the English ; and for the slaughter of Neill 
Montgomery of Langschaw, Knight. Given under the Privy Seal, at Edinburgh, llth 
December 1548. 

40. Indenture between James Earl of Arran, and Robert Lord Boyd? 
[12th March 1548.] 

Thir Indenturis maid at Edinburgh the tuelf day of Marche the yeir of God ane thou- 
sand five hundreth fourty aucht yeris It is appunctit aggreit and finalie contractit 
betuix ane noble and mychty lord James Erie of Arrane, lord Hammyltoun protector 
and governour of Scotland on that ane part and Eobert Lord Boyd of Kilmarnok on 
that uthir part in maner forme and effect as efter foUowis fforsamekle as the said 
Eobert is ellis servit and retourit be brevis of oure soverane ladeis chapell as aire to 
umquhile James Boyd of Kilmarnok his eme of certaine landis quhilkis pertenit to 
the said umquhile James and is to raise brevis to be servit and retourit of the rema- 
nent of all landis annuale rentis and utheris quhilkis pertenit to the said umquhUe 
James his eme and to obteine preceptis of our soverane ladeis chancellarie for heretable 
infeftmentis sesingis to be gevin to him therof And my lord governour bindis and 
oblisis him and his airis gif it hapins him or thame to succeid and cum to the croune 
of Scotland than he and thai sail ratify and appreif the saidis infeftmentis ellis obtenit 
and to be obtenit be the said Eobert and his airis of the saidis landis and gif neid beis 
sail infeft the said Eobert and his airis heretablie of new agane in the saidis landis 
and utheris quhilkis pertenit to his said umquhile eme efter dissolutioun maid be him 
with avise of the thre estaittis of this Eealme in Parliament for annexatioun of landis 
to his crown in the maist sicker forme that the said Eobert or his airis can devise or 
will desire to be done And als the said lord governour sail gif and dispone frelie to 
the said Eobert his airis and assignais the ward relief and nonentre of all and sindry 
1 Memorials of the MontgoTneries, ii. 146. ^ Ibii. ii. 146. » Kilmarnock Writs. 



180 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

the landis quhilkis pertenit to the said umquhile James Boyd of all yeris and termes 
bigane that the samyn lies bene in the quenis grace handis or hir predecessouris be 
ressoun of ward or nonentres And als sail mak the said Eobert and his airis assignais 
and transfer the richt of the maillis fermis and dewities of the saidis landis of all 
yeris and termes bigane and to cum during the tyme of the minorite of the quenis 
grace gif the saidis malis fermes and dewiteis can or may be askit or cravit fra thame 
be ressoun of propirte to hir grace ffor the quhilkis causs the said Eobert Lord Boyd 
sail gif his band of manrent for him and his airis to be leill and trew servandis to my 
said lord governour and his airis perpetualie in competent and dew forme aganis all 
personis as use is the Croune of Scotland allanerlie exceptit And sail gif to my said 
lord governour and his airis the mariage of Thomas Boyd oy and aire to the said Eobert 
Boyd and failyeing of him be decese the mariage of ony uthir his aire quhilk sal hap- 
pin to succeid to his landis and heretage to be mariit upoun sic party aggreable as 
my said lord governour his airis or assignais sail think expedient be thair avise And 
gif the said Eobert Lord Boyd and his airis be nocht content and contractis nocht his 
said oy and failyeing of him be deceise ony uthir his aire or airis that sal happin to 
succeid to his heretage upoun sic party aggreable as my said lord governour his airis 
and assignais sail pleise desire to be done thai being requirit therto In that caise the 
said Eobert Lord Boyd bindis and oblisis him and his airis to refound content and pay 
to my said lord governour his airis and assignais the soume of ane thousand pundis 
usuale money of Scotland for the proffettis of the said Eobertis oy or airis mariage 
abone writtin and that within the space of fourty dayis efter the said oy or air as said 
is be of lauchfull aige and failyeis to mary as said is thai being requirit therto be my 
said lord governour his airis or assignais as said is And als the said lord governour 
sail gif his letres of manteinance for him and his airis perpetualie to the said Eobert 
Boyd and his airis in the sickerest forme that can be devisit and als bindis and oblisis 
him and his airis to refound content and pay to the said Eobert Bold and his airis the 
soume of fourty pundis usuale money of Scotland yerelie at twa termes for thair 
yerelie feale for thair said service as sal be contenit in the band of manrent and letre 
of manteinance to be maid therupown And in caise the said Eobert Boyd or his airis 
failyeis in the said band of manrent or ony part abonewrittin for thair part to my said 
lord governour his airis or assignais In that caise this contract to be fra the begyn- 
ning the said fait or failye being sufficientlie provin of nane availl In sa fer as concernis 
the thingis to be fulfillit to the said Eobert Boyd and his airis And gif the said lord 
governour and his airis failyeis be himself or his airis in fulfilling of thair partis of 
the said contract (the said fait being in likewyse provin) fra thyne-furth the said 
Eobert and his airis sail nocht be haldin to fulfill thair partis therof to my said lord 
governour his airis and assignais foirsaidis And for fulfilling heirof baith the saidis 
partiis ar faithfullie bundin oblist and sworne and hes selit and subscrivit thir pre- 
sentis interchangeablie to utheris with thair sells and hand writtis day yeir and 
place foirsaidis Befoir thir witnes ane reverend fader in God Johnne bischop of Dun- 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 181 

keld venerable faderis George and Williame commendataris of Dunfermling and 
Culroise maister Thomas Merioribanks of Eatho Eobert Carnegy of Kynnard and 
maister James Makgill with utheris diverse. (Signed) James, G-. Eobeet Boyd 
of Kilmarnok wyth my hand at the pen led be James Eeid notar publict at my 
comand, etc. 

Ita est Jacobus Eeid notarius quoad subscriptionem dicti Eoberti de mandate 
eiusdem. — J. E. 

[Two seals in good preservation.'] 

41. Bond of Maintenance hy James Earl of Arran to Robert Lord Boyd} 

[Uth March 1548.] 

Be it kend till all men be their present letres Ws James Erie of Arrane Lord 
Hammyltoun etc. protector and governour of Scotland fforsamekle as oure weilbelovit 
freynd and servand Eobert Lord Boyd of Kilmernok has bundin and oblist him and 
his airis perpetualie to be leill afauld and trew servandis and men to ws and oure 
airis and to tak oure afauld and trew parte in all oure actionis causs querellis and 
debaittis quhilkis we haif or sal happin to half movit be ws or aganis ws and to do all 
uthir humanyteis and servitude that men and servandis aucht and suld do to thair 
lord and maister as at mair lenth is contenit in his band of manrent under his sele 
of armys and subscriptioun manuale gevyn for him and Lis airis perpetualie to ws and 
our airis therupoun Tharfore to be bundin and oblist and be the faith and treuth in 
our body lelely and trewlie byndis and oblissis ws and our airis perpetualie to be leill 
trew and afauld maisteris and gude lordis to the saidis Eobert Lord Boyd and his 
airis and sail be our selffis oure kynnismen freyndis servandis allia men tennentis and 
utheris that will do for ws fortify and manteine the saidis Eobert and his airis thair 
freyndis kynnismen tennentis and servandis and sail tak thair trew and afauld parte 
in all and sundry thair actionis caussis querrellis and debaittis honest and lefuU aganis 
quhatsumeveir personis in the law or by the law the Crown of Scotland alanerly 
except and sail suffir na truble nor skaith to cum to thame in any sort but sail stop 
and resist the samyne at our power and to that effect sail be oureself our kynnismen 
freyndis servandis and part-takaris ryde and gang with the said Eobert and his airis 
thair freyndis tennentis and servandis als oft as we salbe desyrit and requirit be thame 
thairto and saU nowthir heir nor se thair skaith hurt nor displeasour bot sail schaw 
thame the samin and stop the saidis skaithis to be done at our utir power and saU 
gif the said Eobert and his airis the best and trew counsale we can in all behalffis for 
thair honour wele and prof&t and the counsale thai schaw to ws saU concele and attour 
sail do all thingis concerning the premissis that apperteins to ane lord and maister to 
do to his trew man and servand And attour we bynd and obHse ws and oure airis to 
content and pay yerlie to the said Eobert Boyd and his airis (our servandis and men 

1 Kilmarnock Writs. 



182 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

forsaidis) the soume of fourty pundis usuale money of Scotland yerlie for thair feall 
for thair service to be done to ws and our airis in manner forsaid at twa termes in the 
yeir "Witsonday and Mertymes in wynter be equale portionis and for observyng of the 
premissis we bynd and oblise ws and our airis herto perpetualy to the said Eobert 
Boyd and his airis faithfully be the faithis and treuthis in our bodeis the haly evan- 
gelis tuichit nevir to cum in the contrar heirof under the payne of periurie Infamyee 
and nevir to brouke honour nor half credence gif we cum in the contrar heirof In 
witnes of the quhilk to thir our letres of manteinance subscrivit with our hand our 
sele of armys is affixt at Edinburgh the threttene day of Merche the yeir of God ane 
thowsand five hundrethe fourty aucht yeiris Befor thir witnes ane Eeverend fader in 
G-od Johnne bischope of Dunkeld venerable faderis George and William commenda- 
touris of Dunfermling and Culros master Thomas Merioribankis of Eatho Eobert 
Carnegy of Kynnard and master James M'Gill with utheris diverse. 

(Signed) James G. 

[Seal almost entire.'] 

42. Abstract.^ 

Decree by the Lords of Council, ordaining Hugh, third Earl of Eglintoun, to relieve 
Eobert Lord Boyd, Alexander Boyd in Craig, and their sxireties, of the payment of 
350 merks, claimed from them by John Montgomery, for the slaughter of his father. 
Edinburgh, 29th May 1555. 

43. Abstract.^ 

Agreement betuixt Mary, Queen Eegent, and Eobert, Lord and Master of Bold, 
for mutwall assistance against thair enemies, dated the 6th November 1557. 



44. Charter hy Hiogh Montgomery of Hesilluyd, to Helen Boyd, daughter of Robert Lord 
Boyd, of the lands of Lyandcorse and Williyard, in liferent.^ \10th January 
1559-60.] 

Omnibus banc cartam visuris vel audituris Hugo Mungumrye de Hesilheid ac 
dominus terrarum subscriptarum salutem in domino sempiternam noveritis me 
vendidisse alienasse et hac presenti carta mea confirmasse necnon vendere alienare 
et hac presenti carta mea confirmare dilecte mee Helene Boyde filie nobilis domini 
Eoberti domini Boyde in libero tenemento et vitali redditu durante toto tempore vite 
sue nunc in sua pura intacta et inviolata virginitate totas et integras illas meas decern 
mercatas terrarum antiqui extentus de Lyandcorse jacentes in perrochia de ISTeilstoune 
et infra vicecomitatum de Eenfrew necnon viginti solidatas terrarum eiusdem extentus 

1 Memorials of the Montgomeries, ii. 151. ^ Abhotsford Miscell, i. 16. ^ Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 183 

de Williyard jacentes in perrochia de Beyth et regalitate de Kilwynning et hoc pro 
quadam certa pecunie summa michi per dictum nobilem et potentera dominum 
Eobertum dominum Boyde nomiae et ex parte dicte Helene persoluta ac etiam pro 
perimpletione cuiusdam partis unius contractus initi et confecti inter prefatum 
nobilem dominum et dictam Helenam eius filiam ab una et me Hugonem Mungumiy 
ab altera partibus de data apud Glasgw die vigesimo septimo mensis Decembris anno 
domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo nono Tenendas et habendas totas et 
integras prefatas decim mercatas terrarum antiqui extentus de Lyandcorse necnon 
viginti solidatas terrarum eiusdem extentus de Williyarde jacentes ut supra dicte 
Helene Boyde in sua virginitate in libero tenemento et vitali redditu durante toto 
tempore vite sue de me beredibus meis et assignatis per omnes rectas metas suas 
antiquas et divisas prout jacent in longitudine et latitudine in domibus edificiis bostis 
planis moris marresiis aquis viis semitis stagnis rivolis lacubus pratis pascuis pasturis 
molendinis multuris et eorum sequelis aucupationibus venationibus piscationibus 
petariis turbariis carbonibus carbonariis columbis columbariis cuniculis cuniculariis 
fabrQibus brasinis brueriis et genestis silvis nemoribus et virgultis lignis lapicidiis 
lapide et calce cum curiis et earum exitibus herezeldis bluduettis et merchetis mulierum 
cum communi pastura libero introitu et exitu ac cum omnibus aliis et singulis libertatibus 
c.ommoditatibus proficuis asiamentis ac justis suis pertinentiis quibuscunque tam non 
nominatis quam nominatis tam sub terra quam supra terram procul et prope ad 
predictas terras cum earundem pertinentiis spectantibus seu juste spectare valentibus 
quomodolibet in futurum libere quiete plenarie integre honorifice bene et in pace sine 
aliquo retenemento revocatione aut contradictione quacunque Eeddendo inde annuatim 
dicta Helena Boyde in libero tenemento et vitali redditu durante toto tempore vite 
sue abbati et conventui Monasterii de Kilvynnyng firmas et devorias feudifirmales 
prius solvi solitas et consuetas nomine annualis redditus feudifirme tantum pro omni 
alio onere exactione questione demanda seu servicio seculari que de predictis terris 
cum earundem pertinenciis per quoscumque juste exigi poterit quomodolibet vel 
requiri Et ego vero prefatus Hugo Mungumry de Hesilheid heredes mei et assignati 
totas et integras prefatas decem mercatas terrarum antiqui extentus de Liandcorse 
jacentes in perrochia de Neilstoune et infra vicecomitatum de KUvynnyng necnon 
dictas viginti solidatas terrarum eiusdem extentus de Williyard cum singulis earundem 
pertinenciis jacentes in perrochia de Beyth et regalitate de Kilvynnyng dicte Helene 
Boyd in libero tenemento et vitali redditu durante toto tempore vite sue in omnibus 
et per omnia forma pariter et effectu ut premissum est Et signanter ab omnibus wardis 
releviis non introitibus dominarum terciis conjunctis infeodationibus forisfacturis 
eschetis recognitionibus alienationibus ac periculis et incommodis tam preteritis quam 
futuris sic quod dicta Helena Boyd easdem terras libere et pacifice gaudere valeat 
durante toto tempore vite sue contra omnes mortales varantizabimus acquittabimus 
et imperpetuum defendemus In cuius rei testimonium huic presenti carte mee manu 
mea subscripte sigillum meum est appensum apud Glasgw die decimo mensis Januarii 



184 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

anno domini millesimo quingentesimo quinquagesimo nono coram his testibus videlicet 
Johanne Cwnyghame juniori de Cwnighame Georgio Mungumry et Willelmo Hegait 
notario cuna diversis aliis. 

fS) (Signed) Hew Montgomery of Hessilheyd. 



Absteact. 

Charter by Hugh Montgomery of Hesilheyd, in implement of contract between 
Eobert Lord Boyd and Helen Boyd his daughter, on the one part, and the said Hugh 
on the other, of date at Glasgow 27th December 1559, granting to the said Helen in 
her pure, spotless, and inviolate virginity, all and whole his ten merk land of old 
extent of Lyandcorse, in the parish of NeHstoune and shire of Eenfrew ; and his 20/ 
lands of old extent of WilUyard, in the parish of Beith and regality of Kilwinning : 
To hold of the granter and his heirs, to the said Helen in her virginity, in free tenement 
and liferent, for all the days of her life, for rendering to the abbot and convent of 
Kilwinning the fermes and duties used and wont in name of feu ferme. Dated at 
Glasgow, 10th January 1559-60. 

45. Abstract.i 

Contract between Eobert Lord Boyde and Neil Mungumrye of Langschaw, for 
themselves and their respective friends, etc., whereby the latter became bound, for him- 
self and his friends, to remit to the former and his friends, the slaughter of Sir Neil 
Mungumry, his father, upon their publicly asking forgiveness for the same in the 
kirk, or at the market-cross at Irvin, upon payment of certain sums. Glasgow, 10th 
February 1560. 

46. Abstract.^ 

Obligation by Neil Mungumrie of Langshaw, to Eobert Lord Boyde, Charles 
Mowate, Eobert Boyde, and William Blair, renouncing the part of the preceding con- 
tract, obliging the said Charles, Eobert, and William, to depart to France at Neil's 
pleasure. February 1560. 

47. Abstract.^ 

Letters of Slains by Neill Montgomery of Langschaw, and his kin, to Eobert 
Lord Boyd and others, for the slaughter of Sir Neill Montgomery of Langschaw, 
Knight. [1560.] 

^ Memorials of the Montgomeries, ii. 155. ^ Ibid. ii. 158. ^ /Jij^^ jj. i58_ 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 135 



48. Abstkact.'' 

Mutual Bond of Defence between Hugh, third Earl of Egiintownne, and Eobert 
Lord Boyide ; signed interchangeably by them, at Glasgow, 25th August 1563. 



49. Absteact.2 

Instrument of assignation by Hugh, third Earl of Eglintoune, to Eobert Lord 
Boyde, of his right to the office of bailie of the canon-lands of Cwnyghame, pertaining 
to the canons and chapter of Glesgw. Glasgow, 25th August 1563. 



50. Abstract.^ 

Letters of Eemission by Henry (Darnley), King of Scots, to Archibald Earl of 
Ergyll, Eobert Lord Boyd, Thomas Master of Boyd, William Mungumry, brother of 
the Earl of Eglintoun, and others, for all actions, quarrels, and crimes whatsoever, 
committed by them ; and commanding them to repair to Court. Dated 6th March 
1565. 



51. Passport hy Queen Elizabeth to the Lord Boyd,} [l^th December 1568.] 

Elizabeth E. By the Queue. Wheras the Lord Boyd bearer herof doth pre- 
sently repayr unto the Queue of Scottis to communicate unto her certain thinges he 
hath to declare unto her from us Our will and pleasour is that ye do not only suffer 
him with six servauntz in his cumpany quietly to pas by youe without any your lett or 
interruption but also that youe see him and his said servauntz and guyde furnished from 
place to place betwene this and the place where the sayd Queue doth make her abode 
at prices reasounable of able hors to ryde post, with all other thinges necessary for his 
journey. ISTot failling herof as ye tender our pleasour and will aunswer for the con- 
trary. Geven under our signet at our honour of Hamptoun Court the xviii*^ daye of 
December 1568, the elleventh yeir of our reign. 

To all maiours, shirifs, baillifs, constables, Hedboroughes, and aU other our officers, 
ministers, and subiectz to whom in this case it shall apperteyn, and to every 
of them. 

1 Memorials of the Montgomeries, ii. 193. ^ Md. ii. 194. ^ jj^^^^ jj, 20O. 

* Kilmamodk Writs. 
2 B 



186 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

52. Ratification of the Proceedings on Commission granted hy Queen Mary to Lord 
Boyd and others to treat with the Queen of England anent her and her 
affairs} \^th February 1568.] 

Marie be the grace of God Quene of Soottis and Dovarier of Fraunce Forsamekle 
as we apointit our traist cousignes counsalouris and freindis Johnne bischope of Eos 
Williame Lord Levingston Eobert Lord Boyde Johnne Lord Herys Gawyne commMi- 
datar of Kilvynnyng Johnne Gordon of Lochinvar Knycht James Cockburn of Skir- 
ling Knycht our commissioneris to treate for ws and for our effaris with our derrest 
sister the Quene of Ingland or hir commissioneris at the citie of Yoorke or in onie 
uther place within the Eealme of Ingland quhair it plesit hir to apoynt, we haveing 
perused thair procedingis and understanding thair faythfuU mynde and trew service 
thairiutill dois verie weill allow thairof, quhilk we make notifiit be thir presentis. 
Gevin vnder our Signett and subscrivit with our hand at Tutberrye the nynt day of 
Februar the yeir of God j™ v° thre scoir aucht yeiris and of our Eegnne the tuentie 
sevint yeir. MAEIE E. 

53. Passport hy Queen Elizabeth to the Bishop of Boss and the Lord Boyd? 

[11th April 1569.] 

These are to requyre and charge yow in the Queues Majesties name by virtue of 
my commission that ye see the Bishoppe of Eosse and the Lord Boyd furnished of 
eight able horses besides a guyd to cary them with their servauntes and necessaries 
journey wise from Burton unto my howse of Wingfeld for reasonable payment accord- 
ing to the Quenes Highnes prices in suche cases, not failing herin as ye woll aunswer 
for the contrary. Writen at her highnes Castle at Tutbery under my hand and seal the 
xvij**^ day of Aprill in the xj*^ yeir of her Majesties most noble Eeigne 1569. 

To the Balief of Burton upoun Trent and the Constables of the same and to all 
other the Quenes Majesties officers and subjectes within the same toune and 
to every of them. 

(C^ G. T. Shrovesbury. 

[Note in Shrewsbury's own hand, appended to the preceding^ 

Bayley of Borton, for that my the bishop of Eosse and Boyde is nott yett 

recoverd of his syknes I wytt you see them fornyshed with ij wmblyng (?) o-eldyno-es 

for there one sadelles and speshally Mr. Caldwell's horse and the constabilles 

because there requeste is to have them. From Tuttbury this xvij day of Aprill. 

G. T. Shrovesbury. 
G. T., G. S. 

1 Kilmarnock Writs. ^ Ihid. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 187 

[The seal or signet to the Passport is clearly impressed into the wax through the 
paper. The monogram for G. T., before Shrovesbury, occurs in every instance of his 
signature ; and there is a monogram at the extremity of the line drawn under his 
name, which seems to be G. T., G. S., and may stand for " George Talbot, Great 
Seneschal," that being his name, and for the time his title.] 



54. Passport to the lord £oyd} [I6th May 1569.] 

Whereas the Quene of Scottis dothe presentlie send up the lord Boyd this berere 
unto the Queues maiestie upon certen her speciall affaires These are to requyre and 
charge you in hir highnes name that upon the sight herof ye see him well furnished 
of fyve able horses to cary him and his iiij men besidis a guyd from place to placa 
unto the courte in poste or otherwise at his libertie for redy payment according to her 
maiesties pricis in suche like cases without failing as ye woU [answere] for the con- 
trary. In witnes I have subscribed my [name] and set to my Seall the xvj**^ day of 
May in the xj*^ yere of her highnes most noble Reigne 1569. 

To aU Justicis of peace maiouris Sherifes postis baliefes hedborowes constables and 
to all other the Queues maiesties officers and subiectis to whome this shall 
com or apperteyn and to every of them. 

h^.) G. T. Sheovesbuey. 



55. Commission hy Mary Queen of Scots to John Bishop of Hoss and Rolert Lord Boyd 
to request aid from, the Queen of England? [lith May 1569.] 

Marie be the grace of God Quene of Scottis and Dowarier of France to all and 
sindri quhais knawledge thir presentis sail cum Greting in God ewerlesting. fforsa- 
mekill as we being movit with the greit trust and confidence quhilk we hade and hes 
in the rycht hiegh rycht mychty and excellent princes the Quene of England our 
derrest sister and maist tender Cousignes in the warld of bloode come in this hir realme 
of England hoiping thairthrouch and for the mvtuale freindschip and amytie keipit 
and intertenyet amougis ws to obteane support of hii" aganis certane our unnaturall 
and disobedient subiectis quha hade not allanerlie impresonit our pexsoun bot also 
did that was in thame to tak awaye our lyfe, usurpit our authoritie and yeat undew- 
tifuUy malignis thairintill And thairfor be hir only ayde and support to cause thame 
recognosce there dewitie to ws as to there naturale soverane Lady and princes, that we 
might enjoy our realme in quyetnes according to our caUing be God thereto, And we 

1 Kilmarnock Writs. ^ Original in General Eegister House. 



188 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

staying ourselff alhaill and depending thereupoun hes diferrit to desyre or resave ony 

support of uthiris princes our gud freindis allyes and confideratis Eemaning and avait- 

ing in this our gud sisteris realms the space of tuelf monethis bygane and now looking 

for ane gud and finale resolutioun at hir hand hes therefor upone the certane knawledge 

that we haif of the fidelitie wisdome and circumspectioun of our right trusty and weil- 

belovit counsalours Johne Bischop of Eos and Eobart Lord Boyd made constitute and 

ordanit and be thir [presentis]^ makis constitutis and ordanis tha[me or any ane of] 

thame our commissioneris Geving granting and committing to thame or ony ane of 

thame our frie full powar commissioun aucthor[itie] and commandiment generall and 

speciall for ws and in our name to pas to the presens of our said derrest sister the 

Queue of England and there in maist hartlie and effectuous maner to desyre hir to gif 

ws hir gud ayde favour and assistance, be the quhilkis we maye with expeditioun be 

restored to our realme of Scotland authoritie, estait crouu and gouvernement thereof 

and to peceably enjoy the samyn according to our vocatioun as undoutit queue and 

soverane thereof, Quhilk ayde we maist hartlie and earnistlie crave, and desyres of hir 

before all uthiris princes, and to quhome nixt under God we will think ws therefor 

maist addettit and oblissit, quhilk we hoip assuredly to ressave at hir handis, for the 

quhilk we are willing to do ony thing that lyes in our powar (our crown honour and 

estait being reservit) quhilk maye be to hir pleasour contentment and for sure keiping 

of freindschip and amytie in tyme cuming, Apoun the quhilkis and all uthiris purposes 

tending to the glorie of God, conferming and menteining of band and treatie of peax 

amity and freindschip betuix our said gud sister and ws our realmes dominions and 

subiectis thairof as apoun all uther contraverseis in iymes bygane and present we gif 

our saidis counsalouris and commissioneris or ony ane of thame Our full powar and 

commissioun in our name to commoun treat and conclude with our said derrest sister 

or with the Lordis of hir maist honorabill counsale to be appoyntit to that effect And 

thairapoun contract and Indent in maist sure and ample forme And als towart the 

contraversie standing betuix ws and certane our disobedient subiectis, at the sycht and 

plesour of our said derrest sister to extend our clemencie towartis thame And o-en- 

erally to do all thingis concerning the weill of ws and our cuntrey as thay or ony ane 

of thame sail think expedient and quhat our said counsalouris and commissioneris 

or ony ane of thame aggreis to in our name We promeis upone the word of ane prince 

to hald ferme and stable, ratifie and appreve the samen inviolablie to be observit in 

all tymes cuming. In witnes of the quhilk we haif subscrivit thir presentis with our 

hand and hes cawsit affix our Signet thairto at Wpngjfeild the xviij daye of Maye 

the yeir of God jm yo threscoir nyne yeiris and of our Eegnne the xxvij yeir. 



^ MAEIE E. 

Original defaced. 



THE BOYD PAPERS, 189 



56. Commission hy the Queen for prosecuting a Divorce from Bothwell} 

[May 1569.] 

Marie be the grace of God Queue of Scottis and dowarrier of France to all and 
sindrie quhais knawlege thir present letteris sail cum Greting in God everlesting 
fforsamekill as we are crediblie informit be sindrie and divers noble men of our realme 
that the pretendit manage sum tyme contractit, and in a maner solemnizat betuix ws 
and James erle Boithuell, was for divers respectis unlauchful and may nocht of guid 
conscience nor law stand betuix ws (albeit it seemit utherwayis to ws and our coun- 
sall at that tyme) considering thairfor with ourself, and thinking that the samin dois 
tuitche ws so hiechlie in honour and conscience that it daylie and hourlye troublis 
and wexis our sprite, quhairthroucht we ar movit to seik remedy thairfor, ffor this 
cans we half askit counsall of the gretast clarkis, best learned and expert doctouris in 
divine and humane law is as we could haif in dyvers cuntreys, be quhome we ar 
assuretlie informit and certanelie persuadit that the said pretendit maryage is one na 
wayis lauchfuU, nor can in ony wayis, be the lawis, be menteinit as guide nocht 
onelie becaus that he wes befoir contractit to ane uther wyf and he nocht lauchtfullie 
divorcet fra hir, bot also (althocht we war informit thair wes na impedyment) that 
thair wes dyvers gret impedimentis of affinitie and utherwayis standing betuix ws 
quhilkis gif thay haid bene knawin to ws wald haif maid lett and impedyment to our 
[procejdingis And now being revelit to ws . . sufficient to mak ws cleirUe under- 
stand . . may be seperatt fra him be the lawis for . . . atione of com . . . mynd and 

will to accord to all thingis quhilkis baithe g . . . . honorabill for discha 

conscience releif of our troublit and afflictit sprite in that behalf as also for the 
declaratione of our awin honour and contentatione of our estaittis and guide subiectis 
of our realme. We of our awin motive frie will and mynd haif maid constitute 
nominat and ordanit and be the tennour of thir presentis maids constitutis nominattis 
and ordanis Our weilbelovitis 

oure verray lauchfuU undoutit and irrevocable commissionaris procuratouris, actouris, 
factouris and spetieU eirand beraris Givand grantand and committand unto thame and 
ilkane of thame coniunctlie and severalie Our full powar expres command and charge 
for ws and in our nayme, to compeir befoir ane reverend father in God Johne archie- 
bischop of Sanctandrois primat and legat of our realme, or ony of his commissaris or 
Juges depute or to be depute be him to that effect Or befoir the commissaris of the 
spirituall Jurisdictione and consistorie of Edinburgh, or ony uther Juge or Juges 
spirituall or temporall quhatsumevir, ather within our realme of Scotland or utuithe 
the samin haifing powar to the effect underwrettin within the toun of Edinburgh or 

' Original in H.M. General Register House. 



190 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

quhatsumevir place or places within or vithout our realme as said is, quhatsumevir 
day or dayis And thair to raise summonis in ordour of law, summoning all thame 
quha has entres And to propone ane cause of divorce in cure nayme contrary the said 
James erle Boithuell for sic impedimentis as lauchfullie may be proponit And thair- 
apoun lybell and petitione to gif in or in caise the samiti sal happin to be persewit be 
the said James or ony utheris to ansuer thairto in forme of law for ws exceptionis 
alsueill dilatouris as peremtouris to propone reply duply and uther defences . . 
exhibite Lites contestatione to mak wit . . . Instrumentis and all kynd of pro- 
batione to lead exhibite and produce .... Interloquitouris and diffinitives to ... . 
to be pronuncet and thairapone actis and Instrumentis to tak ask and req .... 
Letteris testimoniellis of the decreitis in forme as effeiris to lift and obtene And 
generallie to do all maner of thingis in persewing of the said caus of divorce or 
ansuering thairto as gif we war our self in Jugement at every diet in proper persone . 
Promiseing faythfullie in the word of a princes we sail hald ferme and stable all and 
quhatsumevir thingis our saidis commissionaris and procuratouris or ony ane of thame 
sail do in our name and behalf in the premissis under the pane of perjury and infame 
and nevir sail cum in the contrar thairof In witnes of the quhilk we half subscryvit 
this present procuratorie with our hand and hes causet our Signet to be afBxit thairto, 
quhilk we will to be als sufficient as oure gret seall war affixit to the samin. At 
Wingfeild the day of May in the yeir of God ane thousand fyve hundrethe thre- 

scoir nyne yeiris and of oure Eeigne the xxvij yeir Befoir thir witnessis Oure trest 
cousing and counsallour Eobert Lord Boyd our familiar servitouris Johnne Betoun of 
Lochuod ane of our maisteris of houshald, James Borthuik ane of the maisteris of our 
curye Eaulet our secretar and James Boyd of Kipps. 

MAEIE E. 

51. A Passport for the Lord JBoyd of Scotland hy Queen Mizabeth of England} 

\22dMay 1569.] 

Elizabeth E. By the Queue. Whereas the lord Boyd of Scotland [hath] made 
sute unto us for our licence unto him to repaire from hens in to Scotland by the way 
of our [w]est borders and to return from thens hither agayn : we let you wete that we 
have asented unto his said sute wherfore we will and commaunde you not only to 
suffer him quietly to passe by you in to Scotland with his trayne and company and all 
other his baggis baggagis and necessaries without any your let stay or trouble but 
also to permit him likewyse to return either hither or to the Scottis Queue and to 
helpe him for his reasonable money to post horses and suche other necessaries by the 
way wherof faile you not as ye tender our [plea]sure and will aunswer for the 
contrary. And these our lettres shal be your sufficient discharge in this behalf. Given 

^ Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 191 

under our signet at our manour of Grenwiche the xxij*'^ of May the xj*^ yere of our 
reign 1569. 

To all mayouris sherreffis bailiffis constables wardens and other of&cers of our 
marches and to all other our ministers and subiectis to whom in this case 



L a.) 

^— ^ it shall apperteyn. 

Extractum per Clyffe . . . 



58. Letter from. Queen Mary to the Uarl of Cassillis} 
[Wingfield, 4:th June 1569.] 

Eicht traist cousigne and counsalour, we greit yow weill. Eorsamekill as in tyme 
bypast we haif ewer advertesit yow, be our letters, of our proceidingis with the 
Queue of England, our gud sister, nocht sa amply as we wald haif done, be ressone of 
the discommoditie of passage hes bene betuix thir realmes, bot at the leist of the gud 
opinioun we hade of the resolutioun thairof ; and now, our traiste cousigne and coun- 
salour, my Lord Boyd, ane of our Commissioneris towartis our said sister, being 
returnit fra hir and hir Counsale, we haif depeschit him with thir presentis in our 
realme to declair unto yow at lenth the treuth and gud estait of our affaires, and our 
mynd in all thingis, quhilk, becaus of his sufficiency, we wald nocht wryt amply ; bot 
referring the same to him, quhome ye sail credeit as our selfe, committis yow to the 
protectioun of God Almychtie. Of Wingdfeild, the iiij day of Junij 1569. — Your 
good cusignes, MARIE R. 

To our richt traiste cousigne and counsalour the Erie of Cassillis. 



59. Commission hy Queen Mary to Robert Lord Boyd to treat with lur subjects of 
Scotland anent Reconciliation} [4ith June 1569.] 

Marie be the grace of God Queue of Scottis and dowarier of France to all and 
syndrie quhais knawledge thir presentis sail cum Greting in God ewerlasting. fforsa- 
mekill as we being movit with the greit luiff and affectioun quhilk we beir to our 
naturale realme and of the petie and commiseratioun that we haif to understand 
that our maist obedient and affectionat subiectis are now myserably opprest and 
moUestit We will (gif it be possible) prefer the rest and tranquillitie of thame and 
of our haill realme to all uthir thing, quhairto we maye condescend with our honour, 
conservatioun of our estait and libertie of our said realme Quhairfor nochtwith- 
standing the indignations and grevous offences quhairby we haif bene provokit to 

1 The Lennox, ii. 423. ^ Kilmarnock Writs. 



192 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

just anger aganis sum qnha, ar iuobedient subiectis unto ws. We ar content and 
desyris to use the ways of meiknes and benevolence towartis all man And thairfor 
upoun the certane knawledge that we haif of the fideUtie visdom and circumspectioun 
of our Eicht trusty and veilbelovit cousigne and counsalour Eobart Lord Boyd, hes 
maid constitute and ordainit and be thir presentis makis constitutis and ordanis him 
Our commissioner Geving granting and committing to him our frie full powar, com- 
missioun, authoritie and commandiment generale and speciale to pas in our said 
realme of Scotland and thair to commoun and confer for ws and in our name with 
James earle of Murraye to heir and understand the conditions that maye be proponit 
unto him be the said erle of Murraye for vaye and moyen of appoyntment and recon- 
ciliatioun betuix ws him and our inobedient subiectis And to reassone confer and daill 
with him upoun the saidis conditiouns and moyens of appoyntment as the matter 
sail requyre and as salbe found necessaire be our said rycht trusty cousigne counsalour 
and commissioner And quhatewer he agreis to in our name We promeis upoun the 
word of ane prince to hald ferme and stabill, ratifie and approve the same inviola- 
billie to be observit in all tymes cuming In AVitnes of the quhilk we haif subscryvit 
thir presentis with our hand and causit affix our Signet thairto at Wingdfeild the 
fourt daye of Junii The yeir of god j™ v'^ threscoir and nyne yeiris and of our 
regnne the xxvij yeir. 

(i2) MARIE E. 



60. Passport to the Lord Boyd} \_-ith June 1569.] 

Wheras the Queue of Scottes hath presentlie depeched the Lord Boyd this berer 
unto Scotland upon certen her speciall causes, These are to require and charge you in 
the Quenes maiesties name by vertue of my commission that ye see him furthwith 
upon the sight herof well furnished of sixe able horses to cary him and his servauntis 
besides a guyde from place to place unto Carlill thitherwardes and so from thens 
hither agayn in his retorne, in post or iorney wise at his choise for readye payment 
according to her highnes prices in suche cases, without failing herin as ye woU 
answere for the contrary. In witnes I have subscribed my name and set to my Seal. 
At my house of Wingfeld the iiij*"^ of June, the xj*^ yere of her maiesties most noble 
reign 1569. 

To aU Justices of peace maiouris sherifes postes Baliefes Hedborowes Constables 
and all other the Quenes maiesties officers and subiectis to whome this shall 
com and appertain and euery of them. 

(^ G. T. Sheovesbuey. 



Kilmarnock Writu, 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 193 

61. Agreement hetween the Earl of Mortoun and Mar ; and the Hark of ErgiU, 
Cassillis, and Eglintoun, and Lord Boyd, whereby the latter agree to serve the 
King and the Regent} \12th August 1571.] 

At Striveling the xii day of August, the yeir of God l^ Y<^ thre scoir ellevin yeris : 
My Lordis, the Erll of Mortoun, Chancellair of Scotland, and the Erll of Mar, on the 
ane part, and my Lordis, the Erllis of Ergile, Cassillis, Eglintoun, and Lord Boyd, on 
the other part, convening and deliberating upoun the present estait of this troublit 
commoun welth ; it is commonit, condiscendit, and agreit unto amangis thame as 
followis — 

Eirst, my Lordis, the Erllis of Ergile, CassiUis, Eglintoun, and Lord Boyd, con- 
sidering the calamities quhairwith this realme, thair native cuntrie, is plaigit, throw 
the invard troublis and civile dissentioun sa lang continewing within the same, to 
the apparent subversioun of the commoun weUl thairof ; and understanding the Kingis 
Maiestie to be crownit and inaugurat, and the Queue, his moder, to be presentlie in 
the realme of England ; willing thairfore to yeild to all gude meanis that may quiet 
the troublit state, and settle the same to His Hienes obedience, thay ar content to 
serve the king, and His Hienes present Eegent and to subscrive a band to that effect. 

Thay sal have a remitt to thame, thair freindis and servandis, for not obeying and 
serving the king in tymes bigane, and for all other causes ; except the murtheris of 
the king, fader to our soverane Lord, and the Erll of Murray, His Hienes kit Eegent, 
fire, murther, slauchter, revissing of women, thift, ressett of thift, and witchecraft ; 
exceptand furth of the said exceptioun, slauchter and uther crymes committit in the 
commoun caus, or depending thairupoun, quhilkis sail allwyes be comprehendit under 
the said remitt. 

All sic as my saidis Lordis of Ergile, Cassillis, Eglintoun, and Boyd, may procure 
to the kingis obedience and service sal have the like appointment as they presentlie 
gett, being in the like state as they now ar in. 

And seeing the intentioun of the noblemen on baith pairtes is to procure the 
quietnes and commoun weill of the realm, and that the same can not be rather hinderit, 
nor be uptaking of the eschaetis and guidis of the personis now cuming to the kingis 
obedience, for crymes obiectit to thame in the common caus, and depending thairon ; 
Thairfore, aU eschaettis of the noblemen abone-writtin, thair freindis or servandis, 
disponit upoun the occasioun of the common caus, or depending thairon, sail tak na 
effect efter the dait heirof, hot be simplie dischargeit ; and all convenient securitie 
salbe maid thairupoun, be actis of counsale and parliament, or utherwys as salbe thocht 
expedient : Like as alsua, all panis and unlawis for nonentering of personis callit to 
underly the law for materis tueching the said common caus, or depending thairon, sail 
semblably be dischargeit. 

Signatures. 

1 Memorials of the Montgomeries, ii. 207. 
2 C 



194 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

62. Remission to Rohert Lord Boyd and others} {Qth September 1571.J 

Jacobus Dei gratia Eex Scotorum omnibus probis hominibus suis ad quos pre- 
seutes litere pervenerint salutem Sciatis quia ex nostra speciali gratia cum avisamento 
consensu et authoritate charissimi nostri consanguinei Joannis comitis de Mar domini 
Erskin, etc., nobis nostrisque regno et liegiis regentis Eemisimus consanguineo nostro 
Eoberto domino Boyd Thome magistro Boyd Eoberto Boyd de Baddinhaitb eius filiis 
Adamo Boyd de Pinkill magistro Jacobo Boyd de Trochrig eius filio Eoberto Boyd de 
Portincoss Archibaldo Boyd eius filio et heredi apparenti Thome Boyd de Petcon 
Eoberto Boyd eius fratri Joanni Boyd de Boyneschaw Jacobo Boyd de Hullirhill 
Alexandro Boyd in Craig Eoberto Boyd eius filio Thome Boyd de Kippis Jacobo Boyd 
eius filio Joanni Boyd in lie Kirktoun de Kilmarnok Georgio Boyd eius filio Eoberto 
Boyd in Kilbryde Willelmo Boyd et Joanni Boyd marcatoribus in Kilmarnok 
Joanni Boyd burgensi civitatis Glasguensis Eoberto Boyd in Cuikistoun Joanni Boyd 
in Quhitlyburne Willelmo Boyd in ISToddisdal Johanni Boyd in Gowanelie Eoberto 
Boyd in Wardlaw Eoberto Boyd in Lyne Eoberto Boyd eius filio Willelmo Boyd in 
Laswaid Quintino Boyd eius fratri Alexandro Boyd servo dicti nostri consanguinei 
domini Boyd Hugoni Craufurde de Kirkwod Archibaldo BoyUl in Eysholme Waltero 
Crawfurde in Gairbraid Joanni Craufurde in Quhitlieburne Joanni Lindesay in 
Greneleyis Patricio Colquhoun fratri Joannis Colquhoun de Kilmardony Joanni 
Crawfurde in Wolstoun Thome Eoss in Bordland Joanni Lokhart in Unthank Jacobo 
Auchsloss de eodem Hugoni Wallace de Meynefurde Patricio Hamiltoun de Bogsyde 
Archibaldo Kelso in Hingdok Archibaldo Kelso in ISTewsyde Joanni Blair in Wyndy- 
edge Willelmo Blair eius filio Joanni Blair in Quhytcraig Willelmo Blair eius filio 
Willelmo Blair in Langsyde Jacobo Crawfurde in Myddiltoun Joanni Montgomerie 
in Flat Matheo Montgomerie eius fratri Joanni Montgomerie filio Joannis Mont- 
gomerie in Flat Andree Wod in Largis Archibaldo Kelso de Kelsoland 
Alexandro Hammiltoun eius servo Georgio Eoss de Hanyng Joanni Eergushill 
de eodem Andree Schaw de Sornbeg Joanni Schaw Eoberto Schaw et 
Schaw filiis dicti Domini de Sornebeg Joanni Kneland de Foscane Oswaldo 
Kneland Gavino Kneland et Georgio Kneland eius fratribus Hugoni Craufurde de 
Kilbirny Willelmo Crawfurde et Patricio Crawfurde eius filiis Davidi Barclay de 
Ladielaird Joanni Barclay eius fratri Patricio Crawfurde de Cartisburne Davidi 
Crawfurde eius filio Eoberto Crawfurde filio Joannis Crawfurde de Kirkwod Cuthberto 
Crawfurde de Auchincloyth Davidi Barclay in Kamehill Hugoni Dillop in Crawfeild 
Wdlelmo Crafurde in Munnok Joanni Crawfurde filio Joannis Crawfurde de Clowbar- 
hill Joanni Grenehill et Alano Dillop servitoribus dicti Hugonis Crawfurde de 
Kilbirny Willelmo Schaw in Munnok ac omnibus et singulis dictarum personarum 
hominibus tenentibus et servitoribus rancorem animi nostri sectam regiam et omneni 
actionem quern seu quas contra ipsos aut eorum aliquem concepimus habuimus 

^ Abbot sford MiscelL, i. 29. 



THE BOYD PAPEKS. 195 

habemus seu quovismodo habere poterimus pro eorum proditoria existentia contra 
nosad campum seu bellum de Langsyde et deprivatione nostri authoritatis nostre 
regalis eandemque vi armorum et alias resisten. ac nobis tanquam boni subditi tempore 
preterito a nostra coronatione non obediend. et serviend. Et pro omnibus actione et 
crimine que ipsis aut eorum alicui inde quovismodo imputari aut desuper sequi poterint 
Necnon pro omnibus aliis actionibus criminibus proditionibus transgressiouibus et 
offensis quibuscunque per ipsos tempore retroacto a coronatione nostra predict, 
commisi. Murthuris cbarissimi nostri patris bone memorie et quondam Jacobi comitis 
Moravie ac Mathei Lennocie comitis nostri charissimi avi nobis nostrisque regno et 
liegiis regentium incendio murthuris interfectione mulierum raptu furto receptione furti 
arte magica exceptis Excipiendo omni modo e dicta exceptione interfectionem et alia 
crimina in communi causa resistentie nostre auctoritatis commiss. aut des^^per de- 
penden. quas sub presenti nostra remissione semper couiprehensas esse volumus 
dummodo partibus conquerentibus et damna passis taliter satisfaciant ut nullam super 
hoc de cetero justam querimoniam audiamus Et supradictas personas sub firma pace 
et protectione nostra juste suscipien. firmiter inhibemus ne quis eis occasione predict, 
proditorie existentie et deprivationis omniumque aliarum actionum criminum proditio- 
num transgressionum et offensarum antedict. malum molestiam iniuriam aut gravamen 
aliquod inferre presumat iniuste super nostram plenariam forisfacturam aut mortem 
eis inferat sub pena amissionis vite et membrorum In cuius rei testimonium has 
literas nostras remissionis pro toto tempore vite prefatarum personarum duraturas sub 
nostro magno sigillo sibi fieri fecimus patentes apud Striveling octavo die mensis 
Septembris anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo septuagesimo primo Et regni nostri 
anno quinto. 

63. Contract between Robert Lord Boyd and Robert Boyd of Portincross, for tJis sale 
of tlie lands of Portincross} \l^th April 1572.] 



At Leyth the xix day of Aprile the yeir of God I"^ V*^ Ixxij yeiris it is appoyntit 
aggreit and finalie contractit betuix thir honorable pairteis eftirfollowing That is to 
say ane noble lord Eobert Lord Boyd with avise and consent of Thomas maister of 
Boyd his sone and apperand air on that ane parte and Archibald Boyd sone and ap- 
perand air to Eobert Boid of Portincroce on that uther parte in maner forme and 
effect as efter foUowis That is to say the said Archibald Boyd bindis and oblissis him 
and his airis with all possible diligence to obtene him selff heretablie and sufficientlie 
infeft and seisit in all and haill the ten merk land of Portincroce and Ardneill with 
the toure fortalice maneir place and thair pendiclis and pertinentis Hand within the 
baillierie of Cunnynghame and sherefdome of Air owther befoir the deceis of the said 
Eobert Boyd his father or immediatlie thaireftir as tyme sail geve occasioun And the 
said Archibald swa being dewlie infeft in the saidis landis with the toure fortalice and 
thair pertinentis bindis and oblissis him and his airis incontinent and immediatlie 
thaireftir to resigne and upgeve the samin purelie and simplie be staff and bastoun in 

^ Kilmarnock JVriU. 



196 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

the handis of the Kingis Maiestie his derrest Pi.egent or utheris havand his regiment 
and power for the tyme in favouris of the said Eobert Lord Boyd his airis and succes- 
souris for heretable infeftment to be maid and gevin to thame thairupoun And the 
said Archibald sail mak seill subscrive and deliver to the said noble Lord his airis 
and successouris sufficient mandate lettres of procuratorie and utheris neidfuU to the 
effect foirsaid And nochtwithstanding the said infeftment the said noble Lord under- 
standing that be vertew thairof he aucht nocht to bruik the heretable rycht and propirtie 
of the saidis landis bot onlie the superioritie therof according as his predecessouris imme- 
diate superiouris of auld to the said Archibaldis predecessouris of the samin did of befoir 
thairfoir to be bun din and oblist and be the tenour heirof bindis and oblissis him his airis 
and successouris to infeft the said Archibald Boyd his airis lauchfullie to be gottin of his 
bodye in all and haill the foirsaid ten mark land of Portincroce and Ardneill with the 
toure fortalice and thair pendiclis and pertinentis To be haldin of the said Eobert 
Lord Boyd his airis and successouris as native superiouris thairof siclike and als frelie 
and for payment of sic dewitie and dew service yeirlie as the said Archibaldis prede- 
cessouris held and bruikit the samin of the said noble Lordis predecessouris of befoir 
and according to thair auld infeftmentis maid and gevin to thame thairupoun and sail 
mak seill subscrybe and deliver to the said Archibald his airis lauchfullie to be gottin 
of his bodye sufficient charter infeftment and precept of seasing to that effect ffor the 
quhUk caus and infeftmentis respective abonewrittin swa to be maid and gevin the 
samin being first done and perfyteit in favouris of ather of saidis parteis in maner 
foirsaid The said Eobert Lord Boyd bindis and oblissis him his airis and successouris 
to accept and ressave the said Archibald as native auld and kyndlie tennent rentaller 
and possessour of all and haill the fourty schilling and fourty pennyworth of land of 
Undir-the-hill with the pertinentis liand within the perrochin of Kilbryde baillierie and 
sherefdome foirsaid quhilk wes bruikit and possedit be the said Archibaldis predeces- 
souris be rentall grantit to thame be the said lordis predecessouris thir diverse yeiris 
bigane and sail mak the said Arcliibald sic securitie thairupoun as his predecessouris 
bruikit and joisit the saidis landis of the said noble Lordis predecessouris of befoir for 
payment of siclike yeirlie maill dewitie and dew service usit and wount of auld 
attoure the said noble Lord bindis and oblissis him and his foirsaidis that incontinent 
he or thai be dewlie infeft in the saidis landis with the toure fortalice and thair per- 
tinentis to reuunce and discharge the decreit obtenit be the said noble lord a^anis the 
said Eobert Boyd of Portincroce decerning him to fiitt and remove fra the saidis 
landis of Undirthehill with the pertinentis with all utheris decreittis actioun rycht 
title interes and clame of rycht quhilkis the said noble lord had hes or may half or 
clame aganis the said Eobert for the violent ocoupatioun of the saidis landis sen the 
feist of Witsonday nixt eftir the warning quhairupoun the said decrete of removino- 
procedit detentioun of the violent proffeitis thairof or for quhatsumevir caus rycht 
title or occasioun bigane following and depending upoun the said warnino- or decrete 
removing foirsaid or as accessouris thairto in ony sorte in favouris of the said Archibald 
Boyd and his airis maill lauchfullie to be gottin of his body aUanerlie simpliciter in 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 197 

tyme cuming swa that he as air to his said fader aftir his deceis may be relevit of all 
dampnage and skayth that he may sustene thairthrow and heirto ather of the saidis 
pairteis faythfulKe bindis and oblissis thame ilkane to utheris be the fayth and treuth 
in thair bodyis and ar content and consenttis that this present contract be insert and 
registrate in the bukis of oure soverane Lordis counsale and decernit to haif the 
strenth of ane decreit of the Lordis thairof with executoriallis to pas thairapoun in 
forme as efferis and to that effect makkis constitutis and ordanis Mr David Borthuik 
Alexander King And ilkane of thame coniunctlie and severalie thair ver- 

ray lauchfull undouttit and irrevocable procuratouris committand to thame thair full 
powir to compeir befoir the saidis Lordis quhatsumevir day dayis or places lauchfull 
and thair to consent to the registering of this present contract in the saidis bukis as 
said is promittand to hald forme and stable etc. In witnes of the quhilk thing bayth 
the saidis pairteis hes subscrivit this present contract with thair handis day yeir and 
place foirsaidis befoir thir witnes David Fairlie of that ilk Williame Crawfurde of 
Drumslowy James Boyd Alexander Boyd Walter Crawfurde servitouris to the said 
noble Lord and Williame M'^Kie servitour to Johnne Lawsone nottair. 

E. Boyd. 
Thomas Boyd. 

Archibald Boyd with my hand at the pen 
led be the notair undirwrittin at my command. 

Ita est Joannes Lawsone notarius publicus de mandato dicti Archibaldi scribere 
nescientis manu propria. 

Dorso. 

At Leith the xij day of Maij the yeir of God I"^ V Ixxij yeiris in presence of the 
lordis of consale comperit Eobert Lord Boyd personalie and Maister David Borthuik 
procuratour for Thomas Maister of Boyd on that ane pairt and Alexander King pro- 
curatour for Archibald Bold sone and appirand air to Eobert Bold of Portincorse on 
that uther pairt and gaif in this contract and appunctment underwrittin subscrivit 
with thair handis as foUowis and desyrit the samin to be actit and registrat in the 
bukis of counsale and to haif the strenth of ane act and decreit of the Lordis of 
Counsale and letres and exeoutorialis to be direct thairupon in forme as effeirs The 
quhilk desjTe the saidis lordis thocht ressonable and thairfoir ordains the said con- 
tract and appoyntment to be actit and registrat in the saidis bukis and to haif the 
strenth of thair act and decreit And hes interponit and interponis thair decreit and 
auctorite thairto And ordanis letres and exeoutorialis to be direct thairupon eftir the 
form and tenor thairof in forme as effers Off the quhilk the tenour followis At Leith 
the xix day of April the yeir etc. Sic subscribitur E. Boyd Thomas Boyd Archibald 
Boyd with my hand at the pen led be the notar underwrittin at my command. 

Ita est Joannes Lawson notarius publicus de mandato dicti Archibaldi scribere 
nescientis manu propria. Extractum, etc. 



198 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

64. Sasine in favour of Robert Lord Boyd, of the lands of Portincorse and 
Ardneill} [24th May 1574.] 

In Dei nomine amen per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter et sit notum quod anno incarnationis dominice millesimo quingentesimo 
septuagesimo quarto die vero mensis Maij vigesimo quarto in mei notarij publici et 
testium subscriptorum presentijs personaliter constitutus honorabilis vir Joannes 
Crawfurd de Quhytliburn balivus in hac parte habens et tenens in manibus suis 
quoddam preceptum sasine serenissimi domini nostri Eegis Jacobi Sexti Scotorum 
Eegis de data apud Halyrudhouse imdecimo die mensis Marcij anno Domini 
millesimo quingentesimo septuagesimo tertio et Eegni sui septimo accessit ad decem 
mercatas terrarum antiqui extentus cum pertinenciis de Portincorse et Ardneill cum 
turre fortalicio et manerie loco jaceutium in parochia de Kilbryd balliatu de Cunyng- 
ham et infra vicecomitatum de Ayr et ibidem dictus ballivus mibi notario publico 
dictum preceptum sasine perlegendum et vulgariter interpretandum dedit cuius tenor 
sequitur Jacobus Dei gratia Eex Scotorum vicecomiti et ballivis suis de Ayr necnou 
dilectis nostris Joanni Crawfurd et eorum cuilibet coniunctim et divisim vicecomitibus 
nostris de Ayr in hac parte Salutem Quia cum avisamento et consensu charissimi 
nostri consanguinei Jacobi comitis de Mortoun domini Dalkeith nostri regni et liesi- 
orum nostrorum Eegentis dedimus et concessimus hereditarie dilecto nostro consan- 
guineo Eoberto domino Boyid de Kilmernok heredibus suis et assignatis quibuscunque 
Totas et integras decem mercatas terrarum de Portincorce et Ardneill cum turre 
fortalicio manerie loco cum omnibus et singulis suis pendiculis et pertinenciis earundera 
jacentes in balliatu de Cunyugham infra vicecomitatum de Ayr Quequidem tote et 
iategre predicte decem mercate terre de Portincorse et Ardneill cum turre fortalicio 
manerie pendiculis et pertinenciis earundem ad Archibaldum Boyd de Portincorce 
perprius hereditarie pertinuerunt Et per ipsum per fustem et baculum in manibus dicti 
nostri charissimi regentis tanquam in manibus nostris authoritatem et potestatem 
nostram habentis resignationes terrarum de nobis immediate tentarum durante nostra 
minoritate recipere personaliter apud Halyrudhouse resignate fuerunt cum omnibus 
jure et juris clameo que in easdem habuit seu habere potuit pro se et heredibus suis 
omnino quiete clamate erant in perpetuum prout in carta nostra desuper confecta 
plenius continetur Vobis precipimus et mandamus quatenus dicto nostro consanguineo 
Eoberto domino Boyd vel suo certo actornato latori presentium sasinam totarum et 
integrarum prenominatarum decem mercatarum terrarum de Portincorse et Ardneill 
cam turre fortalicio et manerie loco et omnibus earundem pendiculis et pertinenciis 
secundum formam et tenorem antedicte carte nostre quam de nobis inde habet juste 
haberi faciatis et sine dilatione et hoc nullo modo omittatis ad quod faciendum vobis 
et vestrum cuilibet coniunctim et divisim vicecomitibus nostris de Ayr in hac parte 
committimus potestatem Datum sub testimonio nostri magni sigilli apud Halyruid- 

' Kihnarnoclc Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 199 

howse undecimo die mensis Martij anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo septuagesimo 

tertio et regni nostri septimo Post cuiusquidem precepti lecturam ut premittitur 

dictus ballivus virtute sui officij statum sasinam hereditariam necnon realem actualem 

et corporalem possessionem omnium et singularum predictarum decem mercatarum 

terrarum antiqui extentus de Portincorce et Ardneill cum omnibus et singulis suis 

pertinenciis prenominatis jacentium ut supra per terre et lapidis traditionem ut moris 

est nobili et potenti domino Eoberto domino de Boyid personaliter presenti et accep- 

tanti heredibus suis et assignatis secundum tenorem dicti precepti et carte desuper 

confecte in perpetuum tradidit et deliberavit Super quibus omnibus et singulis sic 

premissis dictus nobilis et potens dominus Eobertus dominus de Boyid a me notario 

publico subscripto sibi fieri petijt unum vel plura instrumentum seu instrumenta 

Acta erant hec super fundum dictarum terrarum horam circiter undecimara ante 

meridiem presentibus ibidem Davide Parnlie de eodem Willielmo Cunyngham de 

Hiefeild, Eoberto Algeo et Archibaldo Lorymer servitoribus dicti domini testibus ad 

premissa vocatis et requisitis. 

Et ego vero Adam Curbat notarius publicus clericus Glasguensis diocesis, etc. (in 

communi forma). 

Adam Cuebat Notarius. 

Abstract. 

Sasine proceeding on Crown Precept in favour of Eobert Lord Boyd of Kilmar- 
nock of tbe ten merk lands of Portincroce and Ardneill, which formerly belonged 
to Archibald Boyd of Portincroce, and were resigned by him in the hands of James 
Earl of Mortoun, regent, at Holyroodhouse. The precept is dated 11th March 1573. 



65. Absteact.^ 

Contract betwen Hugh, third Earl of Eglintoun, on the one part, and Eobert Lord 
Boyd of Kylmarnok on the other part, for the marriage of Hugh, Master of Eglintoun, 
son of the former, with Gelis Boyd, daughter of the latter, before Michaelmas next 
after : For which marriage the Earl was bound to infeft the said Hugh, and Gelis his 
spouse, in the lands and barony of Eggillishame, with the tour of Polnone and others ; 
reserving to himself the liferent of the lands, and the right of occupying the tower of 
Polnone : and Eobert Lord Boyd was bound to pay to the Earl 8000 merks : In respect 
of the youth of the couple (the bridegroom being only 14 years of age), whereby they 
were unmeet for the governing and guiding of a house, it was agreed to appoint an 
honest man to attend to their interests till the said Hugh, Master of Eglintoun, should 
attain the age of seventeen years. Edinburgh, Irwin, and Baidlay, 13th, 16th, and 
20th May 1576. 

' Memorials of the Montgomeries, ii. 214. 



200 THE BOYD PAPEKS. 

66. Promratory of Resignation ly John Craufurd of Craufurdland, of the Mains of 
Giffertland and Birkat in supmority, in favour of Bohert Lord Boyd} [2^th 
August 1577.] 

Excellentissimo et serenissimo principi et domino domino Jacobo Sexto Dei gratia 
Scotorum regi illustrissimo Vaster humilis liegius et servitor Johannes Craufurd de 
Craufurdland ac dominus superior terrarum subscriptarum cum omni subiectione et 
famulatu ad sursum reddendum pureque et simpliciter resignandum in manibus vestre 
celsitudinis tanquam principis et senescalli Scotie seu vestre maiestatis charissimi 
regentis ad hoc potestatem habentis tanquam iu manibus domini mei superioris Totam 
et integram meam superioritatem totarum et integrarum trium libratarum terrarum de 
Manys de Giffertlande alias vocatarum Nethirtoune cum manerie domibus pomariis 
hortis et molendino earundem cum astrictis et aliis multuris eisdem spectantibus 
necnon superioritatem totarum et integrarum duarum mercatarum cum dimedia 
mercate terrarum de Birkat per omnia antiqui extentus cum singulis suis pertinentiis 
jacentium in dominio de Giffertland ballivatu de Conyghame et infra vicecomitatum 
de Aire mihi hereditarie spectantium Quam de serenitate vestra tanquam principe et 
senescallo Scotie teneo in capite honorabiles viros Allanum dominum Cathcart 

et eorum quemlibet coniunctim et divisim meos veros legitimos et 
indubitatos ac irrevocabiles procuratores actores et factores pro perimpletione unius 
partis cuiusdam contractus seu appunctuamenti initi et confecti inter me ab una et 
nobilem et potentem dominum Eobertum dominum Boyde ex altera et Isabellam 
Craufurde ac Mergaretam Craufurde heredes quondam Joannis Craufurde de Gifl'ert- 
lande et Joannem Craufurde et Thomam Craufurde earum sponsos pro eorum interesse 
ex tertia partibus de data apud Glasgu et Craufurdland diebus tdtimo mensis Julii et 
secundo mensis Augusti respective proxime elapsorum, facio constituo et irrevoca- 
biliter ordino sic quod ad huiusmodi perficiendum meam plenariam et irrevocabilem 
potestatem ac mandatum speciale habeant per presentes Quam etiam superioritatem 
totarum et integrarum predictarum trium libratarum terrarum de Manis de Giffertland 
alias vocatarum ISTethirtoun cum manerie domibus pomariis hortis et molendino ac 
multuris earundem et prescriptarum duarum mercatarum cum dimedia mercate 
terrarum de Birkatt per omnia antiqui extentus cum suis pertinentiis jacentium ut 
prescribitur Ego non vi aut metu ductus nee errore lapsus compulsus aut coactus sed 
mea mera et spontanea voluntate utilitateque mea previsa in manibus vestrae maies- 
tatis tanquam principis et senescalli Scotie et domini mei superioris eiusdem per has 
meas procuratorii et resignationis literas sursum reddo et per fustem ac baculum pure 
et simpliciter resigno ac totum jus et clameum titulum proprietatem et possessionem 
que in eadem superioritate habeo seu quovismodo habere seu clamare possum pro me 
heredibus et successoribus meis renuntio et quieteclamo In favorem prefati nobilis et 
potentis domini Eoberti domini Boyde heredum suorum masculorum et successorum 

■^ Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 20 1 

Pro vestris carta precepto et instrumento Saisine ac infeodatione sub vestro magno 
sigillo sibi beredibus suis prescriptis et successoribus desuper dandis et conficiendis 
Et generaliter omnia alia et singula faciendis dicendis gerendis et exercendis que ad 
officium procuratorum in consimilibus casibus de jure aut consuetudine dinoscuntur 
pertinere et que egomet facerem seu facere possem si presens personaliter interessem 
Eatum et gratum firmum atque stabile habens et habiturus totum id et quicquid dicti 
mei procuratores aut eorum aliquis meo nomine duxerint seu duxerit faciendum sub 
ipotheca et obligatione omnium bonorum meorum mobilium et immobilium presentium 
et futurorum In cuius rei testimonium presentibus manu mea propria subscriptis 
sigillum meum est appensum apud Glasgw die vigesimo septinio mensis Augusti 
anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo septuagesimo septimo coram his testibus 
Georgio Elphinstone ballivo Glasguensi Joanne Craufurd in Volstone Jacobo Flemyng 
cive Glasguense et Magistro Henrico Gibsone notario cum diversis aliis, etc. 

John Craufued of Craufurdland. 

Borso. 

In Dei nomine Amen per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter et sit notum Quod anno Incarnationis Dominice millesimo quingentesimo 
septuagesimo septimo mensis vero Septembris die decimo quarto in mei notarii publici 
et testium subscriptorum presentia personaliter constitutus nobilis et potens dominus 
Alanus dominus de Cathcart procurator et eo nomine Joannis Crawfuird de Crawfuird- 
land per literas patentes sub sigillo et subscriptione dicti constituentis legitime con- 
stitutus de cuius procuratoris mandate mihi notario publico subscripto lucide constabat 
accessit ad personalem presentiam magnifici et prepotentis domini Jacobi Comitis de 
Morton domini de Dalkeithe, etc. Supremi domini nostri Eegis suorum legiorum et 
regni regentis Et ibidem genibus flexis ea qua decuit reverentia Totam et integram 
superioritatem totarum et integrarum trium libratarum terrarum de Manys de Giffert- 
land alias vocatarum liethirtoun cum manerie domibus pomariis hortis et molendinis 
earundem cum astrictis et aliis multuris eidem spectantibus necnon superioritatem 
totarum et integrarum duarum mercatarum cum dimidia mercate terrarum de Birkatt 
antiqui extentus jacentium in dominio de Giffertland balliatu de Cuninghame et 
vicecomitatum de Air dicto Joanni hereditarie pertinentem in manibus dicti domini 
regentis tanquam in manibus dicti supremi nostri regis Jacobi Dei gratia Scotorum 
inius nominis sexti principis et Senescalli Scotie et eo nomine superioris earundem per 
fustis et baculi resignationem sursum reddidit pureque et simpliciter resignavit et 
totum jus et clameum proprietatem et possessionem que et quas dictus Joannes habuit 
habet aut quovismodo ad predictas superioritates habere potuit in favorem nobilis et 
potentis domini Eoberti domini de Boyid pro carta et infeodatione per dictum 
Supremum Dominum nostrum regem tanquam principem et senescallum Scotie cum 
consensu dicti Domini regentis sibi et suis heredibus in forma cancellarie debite con- 
ficiendis Qua resignatione sic facta et per prefatum Dominum Eegentem accepta idem 

2 D 



202 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

dominus Eegens nomine et ex parte dicti supremi domini nostri Eegis tanquam 
principis et Senescalli Scotie omnes et singulas prenominatas superioritates cum 
omnibus suis pertinentiis dicto Eoberto Domino de Boyid ibidem presenti et acceptanti 
per eiusdem fustis et baculi deliberationem hereditarie dedit contulit et deliberavit 
secundum tenorera carte sub suo magno sigillo desuper conficiende salvo iure cuiuslibet 
Super quibus omnibus et singulis premissis dictus Eobertus dominus Boyid a notario 
publico subscripto sibi fieri petiit hoc presens publicum instrumentum Acta erant hec 
in castro de Striveling horam circiter octavam ante meridiem sub anno die et mense 
prescriptis Presentibus ibidem Francisco domino Halis commendatario de Kelso 
Davide CoUes Alexandro Jardain et Jacobo Innes servitoribus dicti Eegentis cum 
diversis aliis testibus ad premissa vocatis pariterque rogatis. 

Ita esse ac fuisse affirmo ego Jacobus Mcolson notarius in premissis requisitus. 

J. K 
Absteact. 

Procuratory of Eesignation by John Craufurd of Craufurdland, whereby, in imple- 
ment of contract between him on the one part, Eobert Lord Boyd on the other, and 
Isabella and Margaret Craufurd, daughters of the late John Craufurd of Giffertland, and 
John and Thomas Craufurd their husbands, respectively, on the third part, he appoints 
Allan Lord Cathcart his procurator, to resign the superiority of the Mains of Giffart- 
land called Nethertoun, and of the lands of Bircat, in the hands of James Earl of 
Morton, regent, as in the hands of the king, as prince and Steward of Scotland, for 
new infeftment thereof to be given to the said Eobert Lord Boyd, his heirs-male and 
successors. Dated at Glasgow, 27th August 1577. 

The Eesignation is endorsed of date, at Stirling Castle, 14th September 1577. 

6 7. Procuratory of Resignation ly the Daughters of the late John Craufurd of Giffert- 
land, of the Lordship of Giffertland and others, in favour of Bohert, Lord Boyd} 
{Zmh August 1577.] 

Excellentissimo et Serenissimo principi et domino, domino Jacobo sexto Dei 
gratia Scotorum regi illustrissimo, vestre humiles legie et servitrices Isabella Crau- 
furde et Margareta Crawfurde, filie ac legittime et propinquiores heredes quondam 
Johannis Craufurde de Giffertland, cum omni subiectione et famulatu, ad sursum 
reddendum, pureque et simpliciter resignandum, in manibus vestre celsitudinis, tan- 
quam principis et senescalli Scotie, seu vestre maiestatis charissinii Eegentis ad hoc 
potestatem habentis, tanquam in manibus domini nostri superioris, totas et inteo-ras 
tres libratas terrarum de Manys de Giffertland, alias vocatarum Nethirtoun, antiqui 
extentus, cum manerie, domibus, pomariis, hortis et molendino earundem, cum 
astrictis et aliis multuris eijdem spectantibus : ISTecnon totas et integras duas marcatas 
et dimediam marcate terrarum de Birkatt, sex marcatas terrarum de Braidschaw et 

^ Kilmarnoch Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 203 

duas marcatas terrarum de Knokindone, per omnia antiqui extentus, cum singulis 
suis pertinentiis, tenentibus, tenandriis ao libere tenentium servitiis, jacentes in 
dominio de Giffertland, ballivatu de Conynghame, et infra vicecomitatum de Aire, 
nobis hereditarie spectantes quas de sereuitate vestra, tanquam principe et senescallo 
Scotie, tenemus in capite, honorabiles vires Allanum dominum Cathcart 
et eorum quemlibet coniunctim et divisim, nostros veros, legitimes, indubitatos et 
irrevocabiles precuratores, actores et facteres, cum expressis censensibus et assensibus 
Johannis Craiifurd et Thome Craufurde, nostrerum ceniugum respective, pro eorum 
interesse, pro perimpletione unius partis cuiusdam contractus initi ac confecti inter 
nes et dictes nostros coniuges ab una, et nobilem et potentem dominum Eebertum 
dominum Beyde ex altera, et Johannem Craufurde de Craufurdland ex tertia partibus, 
ex date apud Glasgw et Crawfurdlande diebus ultimo mensis Julii et secunde mensis 
Augusti, respective proxime elapsorum, facimus, constituimus et irrevocabiliter ordina- 
mus, sic quod ad huiusmodi perficiendum nestram plenariam et irrevecabUem 
potestatem ac mandatum speciale habeant per presentes : Quas etiam tetas et integras 
predictas tres libratas terrarum de Manis de Giffertland, alias vecatarum Nethirtoun, 
cum manerie, domibus, pomariis, liortis, molendino, astrictis et aliis multuris 
earundem, necnon predictas totas et integras duas mercatas et dimediam mercate 
terrarum de Birkat, sex marcatas terrarum de Braidschaw, et duas marcatas terrarum 
de Knokindone, per omnia antiqui extentus, cum suis pertinentiis, tenentibus, tenan- 
driis, ac libere tenentium serviciis, jacentes ut supra, nos non vi aut metu ducte, nee 
errore lapse, compulse aut coacte, sed nostris meris et spontaneis voluntatibus, utilitate- 
que nostra previsa, cum consensibus et assensibus dictorum nostrorum coniugum, in 
manibus vestre regie maiestatis, tanquam principis et senescalli Scotie, et domini 
nostri superioris earundem, per nostras has procuratorii literas et resignationis sursum 
reddimus, et per fustem et baculum pure et simpliciter resignamus, ac totum jus et 
titulum, clameum, proprietatem et possessionem, que in eisdem habemus, seu quovis- 
modo habere vel clamare possimus, pro nobis, heredibus et successoribus nostris, 
renunciamus et quietos clamamus, in favorem prefati nobilis et potentis domini, 
Eoberti domini Boyde, heredum suorum masculorum et successorum, pro vestris carta, 
precepto et instrumento Saisine, ac infeodatione sub vestro magno sigillo, sibi, heredi- 
bus suis prescriptis et successoribus desuper dandis et conficiendis : Et generaliter 
omnia alia et singula faciendum dicendum gerendum et exercendum, que ad ofiicium 
procuratorum, in consimilibus casibus, de jure aut consuetudine dinoscuntur pertinere, 
et que nosmet faceremus seu facere possemus si presentes personaliter interessemus : 
Ratum et gratum firmum atque stabile habendum et habiturum, totum id et quicquid 
dicti nostri procuratores aut eorum aliquis nostro nomine duxerint seu duxerit 
faciendum, sub ipotheca et obligatione omnium bonorum nostrorum mobilium et im- 
mobilium, presentium et futurorum : In cuius rei testimonium presentibus, manu 
notarii publici subscripti pro nobis Isabella et Margareta, et Joanne Craufurde sponso 
mee Isabelle, nescientibus scribere, et manu propria dicti Thome Craufurde subscriptis. 



204 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

sigilla nostra et dictorum nostrorum coniugum, in signum eorum consensus et 
assensus, ad premissa sunt appensa, apud Craufurdland, die penultimo mensis 
Augusti, anno domini millesimo quingentesimo septuagesimo septimo, coram hiis 
testibus, Davide Boyde, Joanne Adaine, Alexandro Smyth commorantibus in Craw- 
furdland, Jacobo Steinsoun servitore Johannis Eergushill de eodem, et Alexandro 
Michell notario cum diversis aliis, etc. 

Thomas Chawfded of Giffertland. 

Ita est Alex'' Mechell notarius publicus de premissis, mandatum prescriptoram 
Joannis Craufurd et Issabelle Craufurd sue sponse, scribere minime 
scientium, in premissis teste manu propria. 

Ita est Alex^ Mechell notarius publicus in premissis per prefatam Margaretam 
Craufurd requisitus, manu sua ad calamum tanquam manu propria. 

A. Mechell. 
Borso. 

At Striveling Castell 14 Septembris liora octava ante meridiem, presentibus 
Francisco domino HaHs, Commendatario de Kelso, Davide Culles, Alex™ 
Jarden Jacobo Innes. 

In Dei nomine, amen : Per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter quod anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo septuagesimo septimo mensis 
vero Septembris die decimo quarto regnique excellentissimi principis Jacobi sexti 
Dei gratia Scotorum regis supremi domini nostri metuendissimi anno undecimo in 
mei notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presentia personaliter constitutus nobilis 
et potens dominus Allanus dominus de Cathcart procurator et eo nomine Issobelle et 
Margarete Craufurdis filiarum et heredum quondam Joannis Craufurd de Gifferdland 
ac procurator Joannis Craufurd et Thome Craufurd coniugum dictarum Issobelle et 
Margarete pro eorum interesse per literas patentes sub sigillo et subscriptionibus 
dictorum constituentium legittime constitutus de cuius procuratoris mandato mihi 
notario publico subscripto lucide constabat accessit ad personalem presentiam 
magnifici et prepotentis domini Jacobi comitis de Mortoun domini de Dalkeith, etc., 
supremi domini nostri regis suorum liegiorum et regni Eegentis et ibidem geuibus 
flexis ea qua decuit reverentia omnes et singulas terras subscriptas videlicet totas et 
integras tres libratas terrarum antiqui extentus de Manys de Giffargland alias vocata- 
rum ISTethirtoun cum manerie domibus pomariis hortis et molendinum earundem cum 
astrictis et aliis multuris eidem spectantibus ISTecnon totas et integras duas mercatas 
et dimidiam mercate terrarum de Birkatt antiqui extentus sex mercatas terrarum 
antiqui extentus de Braidschaw et duas mercatas terrarum antiqui extentus de 
Knokindon cum tenentibus tenandreis et libere tenentium servitiis cum singulis suis 
pertinentiis jacentium in dominio de Giffartland, balliatu de Coninghame et infra 
vicecomitatu de Air dictis Issobelle et Margarete Craufurdes hereditarie spectantium 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 205 

in manibus dicti domini Eegentis tanquam in manibus supremi domini nostri regis 
Jacobi Dei gratia Scotorum regis sexti principis et Senescalli Scotie ac eo nomine 
superioris dictarum terrariim per fastis et baculi exhibitionem sursum reddidit pureque 
et simpliciter resignavit ac totum ius et clameum proprietatem et possessionem que et 
quas dicte Issobella et Margareta aut eorum coniuges antedicti habuerunt habuit aut 
quovismodo ad predictas terras habere poterunt in favorem nobilis et potentis domini 
Eoberti domini Boyd pro carta et infeodatione per supremum dominum nostrum regem 
tanquam principem et senescallum Scotie cum consensu dicti domini Eegentis sibi et 
heredibus suis masculis de corpore sue legittime procreatis seu procreandis quibus 
deficientibus legittimis et propinquioribus heredibus suis quibuscunque in forma can- 
cellarie debita conficiendis Qua resignatione sic facta et per prefatum dominum Eegen- 
tem accepta idem dominus Eegens nomine et ex parte dicti supremi domini nostri 
regis tanquam principis et senescalli Scotie omnes et singulas prenominatas terras cum 
omnibus suis pertinentiis prescriptis dicto Eoberto domino Boyd ibidem presenti et 
acceptanti per eiusdem fustis et baculi deliberationem hereditarie dedit contulit et 
deliberavit secundum tenorem carte sub suo magno sigillo desuper conficiende salvo 
iure cuiuslibet super quibus omnibus et singulis premissis dictus dominus Eobertus 
Boyd a me notario publico subscripto sibi fieri petiit hoc presens publicum instrumen- 
tum seu instrumenta Acta erant hec in castro de Striveling horam circiter octavam 
ante meridiem sub anno die et mense prescriptis Presentibus ibidem Francisco domino 
Halis commendatario de Kelso David Cullace Alexandre Jarden et Jacobo Innes 
servitoribus domini Eegentis cum diversis aliis testibus ad premissa vocatis pariter 
que rogatis. 

Et ego Alexander Hay Abirdonensis diocesis auctoritate regia notarius publicus, 
etc. (in communi forma). A. H., iV". P. 

Absteact. 

Procuratory of Eesignation by Isabella and Margaret Craufurd, daughters and heirs 
of the deceased John Craufurd of Giffertland, whereby, with consent of John and 
Thomas Craufurd, their respective husbands, and in implement of contract between 
the said ladies and their husbands on the one part, Eobert Lord Boyd on the other, 
and John Craufurd of Craufurdland on the third part, of date at Glasgow and Crau- 
furdland, 31st July and 2d August respectively, 1577, they constitute Allan Lord 
Cathcart their procurator, for resigning in the hands of the king, as prince and 
Steward of Scotland, the three pound lands of the Mains of Giffertland, otherwise 
called Nethertoun, with manor-place, etc. ; the two and a half merk lands of Birkatt ; 
six merk lands of Braidschaw ; and two merk lands of Knokindone, in the lordship of 
Giffertland, bailiary of Cunyngham and shire of Ayr, in favour of Eobert Lord Boyd, 
his heirs -male and successors. Subscribed by the notary for the said Isabella and 
Margaret, and for John Craufurd, husband of Isabella, because they were unable to 



206 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

write, and by the said Tliomas Craufurd with his own hand at Craufurdland, 30th 
August 1577. 

Endorsed is the Instrument of Eesignation executed by the said Alan Lord Cath- 
cart, in the hand of James Earl of Morton, Eegent, at Stirling Castle, on 14th 
September 1577. 

68. Grown Precept for infefting Robert Lord Boyd in the Mains of Giffartland, called 
Nethertoun, and parts of Bircat} \\4d;h September 1577.] 

Jacobus Die gratia Eex Scotorum vicecomiti et ballivis suis de Air necnon dilectis 
nostris Johanne Boyd in Gowandle et eorum cuilibet coniunctim et divisim vice- 
comitibus nostris de Air in hac parte Salutem Quia nos tanquam princeps et senes- 
callus Scocie cum avisamento et consensu charissimi nostri consanguinei Jacobi 
comitis de Mortoun domini de Dalkeith, etc., regni nostri et liegiorum Eegentis dedi- 
mus et concessimus hereditarie dilecto nostro consanguineo Eoberto domino de Boyd 
et heredibus suis masculis Totas et integras tres libratas terrarum antiqui extentus 
terrarum dominicalium lie Manis de Giffartland alias vocatas Nethirtoun cum manerie 
domibus pomariis hortis et molenduio earundem cum astrictis et aliis multuris eidem 
spectantibus necnon totas et integras duas marcatas terrarum et dimediam marcate 
terrarum antiqui extentus de Bircat cum suis pertinenciis sex marcatas terrarum 
antiqui extentus de Braidschaw duas marcatas terrarum antiqui extentus de Knokin- 
don cum omnibus et singulis suis pendiculis tenentibus tenandriis et libere tenencium 
serviciis cum omnibus aliis suis pertinenciis jacentes in dominio de Giffartland balliatu 
de Cunynghame et vicecomitatu de Air Necnon totam et integram superioritatem 
predictarum trium libratarum terrarum de Mains de Giffartland alias vocatarum 
Nethirtoun cum manerie domibus pomariis hortis molendino et multuris eiusdem 
antedictis Ac superioritatem totarum et integrarum duarum marcatarum cum 
dimedia marcate terrarum de Birkat cum omnibus et singulis suis pendiculis et per- 
tinenciis jacentium in dominio balliatu et vicecomitatu predictis. Que etiam tote et 
integre predicte terre de Mains de Giffartland alias vocate Nethirtoun cum manerie 
domibus pomariis hortis molendino et multuris eiusdem antedictis necnon predicte 
due marcate et dimidia marcate terrarum de Bircat sex marcate terrarum de Braid- 
schaw et due marcate terrarum de Knokindon cum singulis suis pendiculis tenentibus 
tenandriis et libere tenencium servitiis jacentes ut supra hereditarie perprius pertinue- 
runt in proprietate Issobelle Crawfurde et Margarete Crawfurde filiis ac le^itimis et 
propinquioribus heredibus quondam Joannis Crawfurde de Giffartland ac etiam 
superioritas dictarum terrarum de Mains de Giffartland alias vocatarum Nethirtoun et 
duarum marcatarum terrarum et dimedie marcate terrarum de Birkat perprius here- 
ditarie pertinuit Johanni Crawfurde de Crawfurdeland Quasquidem omnes et sin^ulas 
prenominatas terras turn proprietatem turn superioritatem cum omnibus suis per- 

1 Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 207 

tinenciis prescriptis dicte Issobella et Margareta Crawfurdis cum expressis consensu et 
assensu Joannis et Thome Crawfurdis suorum coniugum pro ipsorum interesse ac 
prefatus Joannes Crawfurde de Crawfurdeland superior antedictis per suos pro- 
curatores eorum nominibus per patentes literas legitime ad hoc constitutes in manibus 
nostris tanquam principis et Senescalli Scotie et nostri Eegentis nostro nomine et 
tanquam ipsorum domini superioris earundem per fustim et baculum sursum reddide- 
runt pureque et simpliciter resignarunt Ac totum ius et clameum proprietatem et 
possessionem que et quas in eisdem habueruut seu habere potuerunt omnino quiete 
clamarunt imperpetuum prout in carta nostra desuper confecta latius continetur 
Vobis precipimus et mandamus quatenus dicto nostro consanguineo Roberto domino 
Boyd vel suo certo actornato latori presentium sasinam Totarum et integrarum pre- 
nominatarum terrarum tam proprietatis quam superioriatis cum manerie domibus 
edificiis pomariis hortis molendinis multuris astrictis et aliis silvis nemoribus pisca- 
tionibus annexis connexis partibus pendiculis advocatione donatione et iure patronatus 
beneficiorum et capellaniarum (si que sint) omnium et singularum prenominatarum 
terrarum tam superioritatis proprietatis quam tenandrie cum tenentibus tenandriis et 
libere tenentium servitiis et omnibus aliis suis pertinenciis secundum formam et 
tenorem antedicte carte nostre quam de. nobis inde habet juste haberi faciatis et sine 
dilatione Et hoc nuUo modo omittatis ad quod faciendum vobis et vestrum cuilibet 
coniunctim et divisim vicecomitibus nostris de Air in hac parte committimus potes- 
tatem Datum sub testimonio nostri magni sigilli Apud Striviling decimo quarto die 
mensis Septembris anno Domini millesimo quingentesimo septuagesimo septimo Et 
regni nostri undecimo. 

AUSTEACT. 

Crown Precept of Sasine for infefting Robert Lord Boyd in the Mains of Giffart- 
land, lands of Bircat, Braidshaw, and Knokindon, in the lordship of Giffartland and 
shire of Ayr, on resignation thereof by Isabella and Margaret Craufurd, daughters and 
heirs of the deceased John Craufurd of Giffartland, with consent of their husbands. 
Dated 14th September 1577. 

69. Contract hetween Bdbert Lord Boyd, on the one part, and John Blair of that BJc, 
and John Craufurd of Birkat, on the other, transferring the Lands of Nether- 
toun to Lord Boyd, the Superiority of Birkat to John Blair, and the Escheat 
of John Craufurd to himself. ^ \lUh January 1577.] 

Apud Glasgw the xv. daye of Januar the yeir of God j™ v" Ixxvij yeris The quhilk 
daye in presens of the Commissare of Glasgw personalie comperit Johnne Craufurd 
of Birkcat And siclyk comperit Maister Henrie Gibsoun procuratour sufficientlie 
constitut for Johne Blair of that ilk and producit this contract nnderwrittin and 

^ Kilmwnock Writs. 



208 THE BOYD PAPEES. 

desyrit tlie samyn to be insert and registrat in tlie buikis of the Commissariat of 
Glasgw to have the strentht of ane act and decreit of his court in tyme cuming his 
authoritie to be interponit thairto with lettres executoriales of poynding or hornying 
to be raisit heirupone gif neid beis The quhilk desyre the commissar thocht 
reasonable and decernit and ordanit the said contract to be insert and registrat in the 
buikis of his said commissariat of Glasgw to have the strentht of ane act and decreit 
of his court in tyme cuming and hes interponit lyik as he be the tennour heirof 
interponis his authoritie heirto and decernit and decernis lettres executoriales of 
poynding or hornying to be raisit heirupon in forme as efferis Off the quhilk contract 
the tennour heireftir foUowis : At Glasgw the xiiij daye of Januar the yeir of God 
jm yc 2^ sevintene yeiris it is appoynttit aggreit and finalie endit betuix thir pairteis 
undirwrittin That is to say ane noble and potent lord Eobert lord Boyd on that ane 
pairt and Johne Blair of that ilk and Johne Craufurd of Birkat on that uther pairt 
in maner forme and effect as effcir followis viz. Porsamekle as the said Johne Craufurd 
of Birkcat being servit as nerrest and lauchfuU air to umquhill Thomas Craufurd his 
father iu all and haill four merk land and fourtie pennyworth land auld extent of 
ISTethirtoun with mansioun and mylne of the samyn with the pertinentis lyand within 
the lordschip of Giffertland baillierie of Conynghame and sherefdome of Air conforme 
to the auld evidentis maid thairupon And the samyn landis pertenyng to the said 
Johne Blair be waye of contract and dispositioun maid to him be the said Johne 
Craufurd The said Johne Blair and Johne Craufurd with ane consent be the tennour 
heirof bindis and oblissis thame ther airis and assignayes to renunce and simpliciter 
owrgeve as be the tennour heirof renuncis and simpliciter owrgevis the said landis 
callit Nethirtouu with mylne mansioun and pertinentis thairof the heritable tytle and 
rycht thairof with all uther rycht clame entres propirtie and possessioun that thay or 
ather of thame hes haid or ony wayis may have or clame thairto and that in favouris 
of the said lord Boyd and his airis to remane with thame as superiour thairof ad 
perpetuam remanentiam and sail deliver to the said lord the said service with the 
auld chartour maid thairof be umquhill Johne Craufurd of Giffertland to the said 
umquhill Thomas father to the said Johne of Birkcat with sesing past thairupon and 
all uther evidentis maid and gevin to thame concernyng the samyn to the effect that 
the samyn may be extinguissit cassit annullit and distroyit forewir sua that the 
samyn sail have na faith nor credeit in all times comeing : Por the quhilk caws the 
said nobill lord haveand the superioritie of the twa mark land and ane half of Birkett 
perteining to said Jhone Crawfurd, oblysis him his airis and assignayis to resinge be 
himself or his sufficient procuratouris in his name be his procuratory under his seill 
and subscriptioun in dew forme the saidis land of Birkcatt and superioritie thairof in 
the handis of our Soverane Lord as Prince and Stewart of Scotland in favouris of the 
said Johne Blair of that ilk and his airis for new infeftment to be maid to the said 
John Blair and his foirsaidis of the samyng to be haldin of our said soverane lord in 
sic sort, viz. vard as the said lord Boyd haldis the samyng to the quhilk makino- of 



THE BOYD PAPERS. 209 

mediat tennend the superioritie the said John Craufurd be thir presentis consentis 
and assentis and sail nevir cum in the contrair heirof in ony sort in tymes cuming 
and the said renunciatioun delyrering of evidentis and resignatioun respective to be 
maid and doun hinc inde betuix and nixtocum and also the 

said John Blair of that Ilk bindis and oblessis him and his foirsaidis that quhat tyme 
or how sone he or thai beis requerit be the said noble lord or his foirsaidis upon sax 
dayes vairning to resing owr againe the saidis twa merk land and ane half of Birkcatt 
and superioritie thairof with the pertinentis in the favour of the said lord and his 
foirsaidis in our soverane Lordis handis for new infeftment to be maid to thame thair- 
upon and eftir thair resignatioune and the saidis lordis new infefting thairinto 
incontinent thaireftir the said lord or his foirsaidis sail frely infeft the said Laird of 
Blair and his foirsaidis in the said tua merk land and ane half of Birkcat with the 
pertuientis to be haldin of the said lord in frie blanche for payment of ane penny gif 
it be requirit alanerly in dew and competent forme as effeiris and sail dehver sufficient 
evidentis thairupon : And farder the said Laird haveand the gift of escheit of the 
said Johne Craufurd throw his being denuncit rebell and at the home as the said gift 
maid to the said lord thairupon beris Be the tennour heirof disponis transferris the 
rycht of the said gift of escheit baitht lyfrent and movable with all proffeit and 
commoditie that may succeid and cum thairthrow to the said Johne Craufurd his 
airis and assignayis to be usit and disponit be thame at thair plesour in tyme cuming 
frielie quietlie wele and in peax without lait stoip or impediment in ony tyme 
heireftir except sa money gudes and geir or ony uther things intromettit with and 
uptane at the instance of the said Lord be Archibald Loremeir messinger or ony his 
assistaris at his command be the lettres direct upon the said gift upon the xxij daye 
of Julij last bypast And the said lord be thir presentis dischargis and renunces all 
actiounes intentit or to be intentit befoir the lordis of sessioun or ony uther Jugis 
competent upon the said gift of escheit alsweill concernyng movablis as lyfrent aganis 
the said Johne Craufurd and sail deliver the said lettre of gift and oblissis him to 
varrand the samyn unassignit or disponit be him to ony uther persoun or persounes 
in all tymes bygane and to cum And siclyik the said Johne Craufurd and laird of 
Blair obliss thame and thair foirsaidis to warrand the said renunciatioune of the said 
landis of Nethirtoun with mansioun and mylne of the same with the pertinentis 
undisponit be thame to ony uther persoun or persounes in all tymes bygane and to 
cum And bayth the saidis pairteis ar content and consentis that this present be 
insert in the commissaris buikis of Glasgw to have the strentht of ane decreit of his 
court with executoriales of hornying or poinding to pas thairupon in forme as efferis 
And to that effect thai have maid and constitut, etc., thair procuratouris to compeir 
for thame befoir the said commissar and consent to the insering of thir presentis in 
his buikis with executoriales foirsaidis to pas in forme as efferis and promittentes de 
rato In witnes heirof the saidis pairteis hes subscryvit thir presentis as foUovis At 
daye yeir and place foirsaid befoir thir witnes Mr. Andro Hay persoun of Eenfrew 

2 E 



210 THE BOYD PAPERS. 

Thomas Craufurd of Jurdanhill Adam Boyd of Penkill George Elphinstoun of 
Blyithiswod Joline Maxvell of Potterhill William Blair brother to the said Johae 
Blair Mr. Henrie Gibsoun notar FoUovis the subscriptiounes R. Boyd Jo^ Blair of 
y* ilk Johne Craufurd of Birkcat A. Haye witness Jo'^ MaxveR notar vitnes Eo* 
Blair witues Extractum furth of the contract buikis of the Commissarieat of Glasgw 
be me Mr. Henry Gibsoun scribe thairof witnessing my signe and subscriptioun 
manuall, etc. M. Heney Gibsoun. 

70. Abstract.^ 

Mutual Bond of Friendship between Hugh third Earl of Eglintoun, William Earl 
of Glencarne, Robert Lord Boide, Sir Mathew Campbell of Lowdoun, John Wallace of 
Craigie, and their eldest sons. Stirling, 13th June 1578. 

71. Abstbact.^ 

Letter from King James VI. to the Earl of Eglintoun and the Lord Boyd, request- 
ing them to use their endeavours to settle the controversy between the sons of the 
Lord VchUtre and the sons and Idn of the deceased Charles Mowat. Stirling Castle, 
2d July 1579. 



72. Listrument on the Benunciation ly the Gommendator of Kihvinning of the 
lands of Byrehill and Quhithirst in favour of Soiert Lord Boyd.^ \2Qth April 
1581.] 

In Dei nomine amen Per hoc presens publicum instrumentum cunctis pateat 
evidenter et sit notum quod anno incarnationis Dominice millesimo quingentesimo 
octuagesimo primo die vero mensis Aprilis vicesimo sexto regnique supremi domini 
nostri Jacobi sexti huius Eegni Scotie regis illustrissimi anno decimo quarto, in mei 
notarii publici et testium subscriptorum presentia personaliter constitutus venerabilis 
vir Alexander commendatarius monasterii de Killwynninge non vi aut metu ductus 
nee errore lapsus fraude nee dolo aliquo circumventus sed sua mera pura vera et spon- 
tanea voluntate Totas et integras terras subsequentes, videlicet, triginta solidatas ter- 
rarum antiqui extentus de Byrehill per Willelmum Fairlie occupatas necnon illas 
tredecim soliditas et quatuor denariatas terrarum novi extentus de nethir Quhithirst 
per Johannem Wat occupatas Ac etiam illas quindecim solidatas et duas denariatas 
terrarum eiusdem extentus de Nethir Quhithirst per Johannem Bar occupatas cum suis 
pertinentiis per omnia jacentes in perochia et regalitate de Killwynninge balliatu de 
Conygham et infra vicecomitatum de Air a se heredibus et assignatis suis in quantum 
in eisdem infeodatus existebat sursum reddidit pureque et simpliciter resio-navit extra- 

^ Memorials of the Montgoineries, ii. 217. ^ Jbid.i. 169. 3 Kilmarnock Writs. 



THE BOYD PAPEES. 211 

donavifc libere deliberavit et quieteclamavit imperpetuum ac totum jus et clameum 
juris titulum proprietatem et possessionem que seu quas in et ad easdem vel aliquam 
earundem partem unquam habuit habet seu quovismodo in futurum habere poterit 
omnino quieteclamavit imperpetuum In favores nobilis et potentis domini Eoberti 
domini Boyde pro nova carta et infeodatione de eisdem terris per semetipsum com- 
mend atarium et conventus dicti monasterii dicto nobili domino heredibus et assignatis 
suis danda et conficienda super quibus omnibus et singulis sic premissis discretus vir 
Jacobus Conyghame camerarius de Killwynninge nomine et pro parte dicti nobdis 
domini a me notario publico subscripto sibi fieri petiit instrumentum publica unum 
sive plura Acta erant hec in cubiculo dicti camerarii infra locum eiusdem boram circi- 
ter undecimam ante meridiem sub anno die mense et regno quibus supra presentibus 
ibidem Joanne Conyghame de Cadell magistro Alexandre Kinros Thomas Eset nuntio 
Patricio Garven sertore et Joanne Wrycht in AUmonswall testibus ad premissa vocatis 
pariterque rogatis. 

Et ego vero Gavinus Nasmyth clericus, etc. 



Abstkact. 

Instrument on the Eenunciation by Alexander, Commendator of KUwinniag, of 
the thirty shilling lands of old extent of Byrehill, occupied by William Eairlie : the 
13/4 lands of new extent of ISTether Quhithirst occupied by John Wat : and the 15/2 
lands of Quhithirst of new extent, occupied by John Bar, lying in the parish and 
regality of Kilwinning, bailiery of Cunningham, and shire of Ayr ; surrendering and 
resigning the same, so far as he stood infeft therein, in favour of Eobert Lord Boyd, 
for new charter and infeftment of the same to be made to him by the said Commen- 
dator and convent. Done in the bedchamber of James Cunningham, chamberlain of 
Kilwinning, at 11 o'clock forenoon of the 26th April 1581. 



3nhtx^ 



AbhotsforA Miscellany, quoted, 110, 133, 162, 

171, 182, 194. 
Aberdeen, Bishop of, 133. 
Aberdeen Breviary, quoted, 100. 
Aberdeen, Thomas, Bishop of, 124. 
Abernethy, Launcelot of, 135. 
Abernethy, William, Lord, 136. 
Act appointing Eobert Boyd, in Kilmarnock, a 

Squire of the Household, 162. 
Act for Eobert, Lord Boyd, and his spouse, 155- 

156 ; and translation of, 156. 
Acta of the Parliament of Scotland, quoted, 121, 

122, 134. 
Adamnan's Life of St. Columba, quoted, 87. 
Agnew, Mr. Vans, of Barnbarroch, 53. 
Agreement between Earls of Argyle, Arran, and 

others, 133-134. 
Agreement betwixt Mary, Queen Regent, and 

"Robert, Lord and Master of Boid, abstract 

of, 182. 
Agreement between the Earl of Mortoun and 

Mar ; and the Earls of Ergile, Cassillis, and 

EgUntoun, and Lord Boyd, whereby the latter 

agree to serve the King and the Eegent, 193. 
Ailsa Craig, 99. 
Amulets, 70. 

Anderson's Institute in Glasgow, 60. 
Anderson, Joseph, letter from, 109 ; Scotland in 

Early Christian Times, quoted, 68. 
Angus, Archibald, Earl of, Lord of Douglasse, 

160, 161. 
Angus, Lord, 110. 
Antiquaries, Soo. of, of Soot., 78. 
Antiquities, National Museum of, in Edin., 66, 

76. 
Archibald, Dr., 92. 



Ardneil, 59. 

Ardros, John Dishington of, 136. 

Ardrossan, 59, 60. 

Argyll, Colin, Earl of, Lord Campbell, 124. 

Argyle, Earl of, 133. 

Argyle, Earls of, 171. 

Arran, earldom of, 111. 

Arran, island of, 128, 129. 

Arran, James, Earl of, 179. 

Arran, Mary, Countess of, 123* 124, 125, 126, 
128, 129. 

Arran, Thomas Boyd, Earl of. 111, 123*, 123, 
125, 126, 128, 129, 130, 131, 134, 138, 
139. 

Arroquhar, 110. 

Arrowheads, flint, 70. 

Aslose, James, 166. 

Assloss, 110. 

Athole, John, Earl of, 124. 

" Auchenmanster," i.e. the Monastery Field, 95. 

Auchloss, J., 194. 

AuldhUl, 59. 

Avandale, Andrew, Lord, 124. 

Axe, 74. 

Axe, Moat, 76. 

Axes, perforated, 70. 

Axe-hammer, 77. 

Axe-hammer, described by R. W. Cochran- 
Patrick, M.P., 78. 

Ayr, 130, 139, 143, 144. 

Ayrshire, Notice on Early Christian Remains in, 
99-108. 

Ayrshire (North), Notice of some Antiquities 
recently discovered in, quoted, 78. 

Baigray, 154. 



214 



INDEX. 



BaUiols, 121*. 

BaUs, 70. 

Bar, John, 210. 

Barclay, D., in Kamehill, 194. 

Barf ad, 56. 

Bargany, 107, 108. 

Barhapple, 52 ; Crannog, 57 ; Loch, 52. 

Barlae (farm), 56. 

Barrel Hill, 57. 

Baxter, Mr., factor on the Kilkerran Estate, 3, 

4. 
Beads, 15, 70. 
Beaton, Cardinal, 172. 
Bell, Funeral, of Kilmarnock, notice of, 82. 
Bichoptown, Laird of, 110. 
Birkat, 203, 206, 207, 208, 209, 210. 
Birsbane, John, of Bichoptoun, 179. 
Black, William, sexton, Whithorn, letter from, 

quoted, 97. 
Blacklaw, The, 143. 
Bladenoch, 97. 
Blair, Edward, 149. 
Blair, J., 207, 208, 209, 210. 
Blair, J., Quhytcraig, 194. 
Blair, J., Wyndyedge, 194. 
Blair, Laird of, 110. 
Blair, Eobert, 210. 
Blair, W., 184, 194, 210. 
Blairderry, 56. 
Blairderry Hill, 57. 
Bleau's Atlas, quoted, 19, 99. 
Bobbio MS., 86. 
Bobbio Penitentiale, The, 85. 
Bog, Edwardus, 158, 
Bogle, Captain, 60. 
Bollinshaw, 139, 143. 

Bombay, Sir James Fergusson, Governor of, 3. 
Bond of Maintenance, by James, Earl of Arran, 

to Robert, Lord Boyd, 181-182. 
Bond of Mutuall Assistance by Queen Margaret 

and the Lord Methven, her husband, to 

Lord Boyd, 162. 
Bone, objects of, found in Buston Crannog, 

pins, 35-36 ; needle, 36 ; knobs, 36 ; 

worked bones, 37 ; toilet combs, 37-38. 
Bone, objects of, found in Crannog at Lochspouts, 

pin, 13 ; chisel, 13 ; awl, 13 ; poiated 

implement, 13 ; spatula, 13 ; knife handle, 

13. 



Bone, pointed implement of, found at Fort of 

Seamill, 62. 
Borland, John, 46. 
Borland Waters, 112. 
BothweU, Richard, 170, 171. 
Boyd, Adam, of PenkiU, 194, 210. 
Boyd, Alexander, in Craig, 182, 194. 
Boyd, Sir Alexander, of DrumcoU, knight, 110, 

111, 134. 
Boyd, Alexander, second son of Robert, Lord 

Boyd, 140, 147, 149, 151, 152, 153, 

154. 
Boyd, Archibald, 141, 194, 195, 196, 197. 
Boyd, Cristal, 166. 
Boyd, Gelis, 199. 
Boyd, George, 194. 
Boyd, Helen, 182, 183. 
Boyd, James, Lord, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 

144, 145. 

Boyd, James, eighth Lord, 121*. 

Boyd, James, 156. 

Boyd, James, of HulKrhiU, 194. 

Boyd, James, of Troohrig, 194. 

Boyd, Joanni, de Bojmesohaw, 194. 

Boyd, Joanni, in Quhitleyburne, 194. 

Boyd, Johanni, in Gowanelie, 194. 

Boyd, Margaret, sister of James, Lord Boyd, 144, 

145, 146, 168. 

Boyd, Mary, Countess of Arran, 123, 124, 125, 

126, 128, 129. 
Boyd, Robert, first Lord, 110, 111,121,122,123, 
130, 131, 133, 134, 138, 139 ; confirmation 
under the great seal of a Declaration by 
King James the Third, that he was not 
offended by the conduct of, with abstract, 
121 ; appointment of, as Governor of the 
King, 122. 
Boyd, Robert, Lord (third and fourth Lord), 
155, 156, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 
185, 186, 187, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 
195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 
203, 205, 206, 207, 208, 210, 211. 
Boyd, Robert, of Kilmarnock, 163, 164, 165, 
166, 169, 170, 171, 175, 176, 177, 
178. 
Boyd, Robert, of Baddinhaith, 194. 
Boyd, R., in Cuikistoun, 194. 
Boyd, R., ia KUbryde, 194. 
Boyd, R., in Lyne, 194. 



INDEX. 



215 



Boyd, R., de Portiiicross, 194, 195, 197. 

Boyd, K., in Wardlaw, 194. 

Boyd, Tliomas, Earl of Arran, 111, 123* 123, 

125, 126, 128, 129, 130, 131, 134, 138, 

139. 
Boyd, Thomas, 166, 177. 
Boyd, Thomas, of Petcon, 194. 
Boyd, Thomas, Master of, 185, 195, 197. 
Boyd, Thome, of Kippis, 194. 
Boyd, W., in Noddisdale, 194. 
Boyd, William, of Banhaith, 169, 172. 
BoyiU, A., in Eysholme, 194. 
Bracers, 70. 
BraidhiU, 57. 
Braidschaw, 203, 206. 
Brain Looh, 97. 
Brechin, 136. 
Brechty, 138. 

Bridgett's Our Lady's Dowry, quoted, 88. 
Brown, Dr. J. E., of Saltcoats, 80. 
Brown, Mr., 3. 

BrownhiR Celt, 69 ; description of, 70-71. 
Buchanan's History of Scotland, quoted, 99. 
Bushy, Charles Mouat, of, 179. 
Buston, 19. 
Bute, lordship of, 136. 
Buttons, 70. 
ByrehiU, 210. 



Caithness, 72. 

Calder, William, Thane of, 136. 

Caldwell, Archibald, 160. 

Callander, Mr. Eohert, 93. 

Cambustrodan, Laird of, 110. 

Campbell, Colin, of Arohinglass, 163. 

Campbell, Sir Matthew, of Lowdoun, 210. 

Campbelton, Inland Eevenue Office of, 2. 

Garicta Borealis, quoted, 99. 

Carrie, 123. 

Carrick, earldom of, 136. 

CassiUis, Earl of, 193. 

OassUHs, GUbert, Earl of, 156, 159. 

CassiUis, Margaret, Countess of, 156, 158, 159. 

" Castlehill," 59. 

Cathcart, Alan, Lord, 200, 201, 204. 

Cauldwell, laird of, 110. 

Caverton, 136, 138. 

Celt, BrownhiU, 70. 



Celt, Seabank, 71. 

Celt, Eullwood, 74. 

Celts, i.e. hatchets, adzes, or chisels of stone, 
divided by Evans in three classes, 69. 

Cessfurd, Andrew Ker of, 121. 

ChaLner, John, of Gaitgirth, 124. 

Chalmers's Caledonia, quoted, 99. 

Chapelfinian, 96. 

ChapeLieron, 98. 

Chapelton, 60, 139, 143 ; axe-hammer found 
at, 78. 

Charter by Hugh Montgomery, of Hesilheyd, to 
Helen Boyd, daughter of Eobert, Lord Boyd, 
of the lands of Lyandcorse and Williyard, in 
liferent, 182-184 ; abstract of, 184. 

Chipperdingan, at New England Bay, Kirk- 
maiden, 94. 

Chipperfinian, Mochrum, 96. 

Chipperheron, Whithorn, 98. 

ClanyardmiLl Croft, 94. 

Cleland, Professor, report on osseous remains 
found at Buston, 50, 51 ; ox, 50 ; sheep, 
51 ; report on animal remains found at 
"Port" SeamiU, 64-65 ; ox, 64 ; deer, 64 ; 
pig, 65 ; sheep, 65 ; shells, 65. 

Clerkland, 143. 

Clonmacnoise, 103, 106 ; south cross at, 103. 

Cochran-Patrick, E. W., M.P., 2, 3, 4, 20, 45, 
46, 60, 61, 78, 80, 101, 109. 

Cokilbe, 143. 

Colin, Earl of Argyle, 157. 

ColmoneU, 77, 101, 102, 106, 108, 109. 

Colquhoun, P., 194. 

Colquhoun, J., of Kilmardony, 94. 

OolviUe, David, 147. 

ColviUe, Janet, 147, 149, 151. 

Colville, James, 147. 

ColviUe, Philip, 147, 149. 

Colville, Eobert, of Hyltoun, 149. 

Colville, Sir William, of Ochiltre, 149. 

Commission by Mary Queen of Scots, to John, 
Bishop of Eoss, and Eobert, Lord Boyd, to 
request aid from the Queen of England, 
187-188. 

Commission by Queen Mary for prosecuting a 
divorce from Bothwell, 189-190. 

Commission by Queen Mary to Eobert, Lord 
Boyd, to treat with her subjects of Scotland 
anent reconciliation, 191-192. 



216 



INDEX. 



Confirmation by Cardinal Beaton of Charter by 
the Abbot of Killwinning to William Boyd 
of Baddinhaitb of the lands of Barcraigs, 
172-174 ; abstract of, 175. 

Contract between Lord Boyd and Robert Boyd 
of Portiricross, for the sale of the lands of 
Portincross, 194-197. 

Contract between Robert, Lord Boyde, and Neil 
Mungumrye of Langscbaw, abstract of, 184. 

Contract between Hugh, third Earl of EgUn- 
toun, and Robert, Lord Boyd, etc., abstract 
of, 199. 

Contract between Robert, Lord Boyd, and John 
Blair, and John Crawford, of Birkat, etc., 
207-210. 

Conway, Rev. Daniel, notice on Holy Wells 
of Wigtonshire by, 85-98. 

Corswel lighthonse, 91. 

Corshi], 143. 

Couper, Mr., 100, 101. 

Cove, 105. 

Cowall, lordshii^ of, 1.36. 

Craik, Katherine, ^^rife of James, eighth Lord 
Boyd, 121* 

Cragie, John Stewart of, 136. 

Crannog, A}T.'shire, investigations of, 3-4 ; log 
pavement of, 4-6 ; hearths of, 6 ; gangway 
of, 6-7 ; composition of mound, 7 ; sub- 
sidence of crannog, 7-8 ; relics found on, 
8. 

Crannog at Barhapple Loch, Glenluce, Wigton- 
shire, 52. 

Crannog, Notice of the excavation of one at 
Buston, near Kilmaurs, 19 ; discovery of, 
19-21; method of excavation, 21-22; 
structure of island, 22-24; log pavement, 
24-25 ; remains of dwelling-house, 25-28 ; 
refuse -heap, 28 ; discovery and description 
of canoe, 30-32; notes on the crannogs 
and lake -dwellings in Wigtonshire, in the 
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 
quoted, 56. 

Crannog, Notice of excavation of one at Loch- 
spouts, near Kilkerran, 1-18. 

Crannogs in Ayrslure, second notice of, 1. 

Craufurd's Officers of State, quoted, 110. 

Craufurde, Cuthberto, of Auohinoloyth, 194. 

Craufurde, D., 194. 

Craufurde, George, Earl of, 136. 



Craufurde, H., of Kilbimy, 194. 

Craufurde, H., of Kirkwood, 194. 

Craufurde, Isabella and Margaret, daughters of 

John Craufurd of Giffertland, 200, 202, 

206, their husbands J. and T. Craufurd, 200, 

203, 207. 
Craufurde, J., of Birkat, 207, 208, 209, 210. 
Craufurde, J., of Clowbarhill, 194. 
Craufurde, John, of Craufurdland, 200, 201. 
Craufurde, J., of Giflfertland, 204. 
Craufurde, J., of Kirkwood, 194. 
Craufurde, J., of Myddiltoun, 194. 
Craufurde, J., of QuhitUeburne, 194. 
Craufurde, J., in Wolstoun, 194. 
Craufurde, P., of Cartisburne, 194. 
Craufurde, R., 194. 

Craufurde, Thomas, of Jurdanhill, 210. 
Craufurde, W., 194. 
Craufurde, W., in Munnok, 194. 
Craufurde, W., in Gairbraid, 194. 
Craufurdland Waters, 112. 
Crevock, 143. 
Crown Precept for infeftiag Robert, Lord Boyd, 

iu the lilains of Giffartland, called Nether- 

toun, and parts of Bircat, 206 ; abstract, 

207. 
Crucible, earthen, found at Buston Crannog, 22. 
Cullan, David, 205. 
OuUnian, 110. 
Culqvihoun, Margaret, 156. 
Cultiswrae, 143. 
Cuninghame, Sir W. J. ^M., Bart., of Corsehill, 

3. 
Cunninghame, 139. 
Cunninghame, David, 79. 
Cunninghame, James, 166. 
Cunninghame, James, 211. 
Cunninghame, William, Master of, Glencairn, 

60. 
Cups, 70. 

Curbat, Adam, 199. 
Cusack's Life of St. Patrick, quoted, 88. 

Daggers, 70, 

DaOly, 99, 100. 

Daby, 130, 139, 141, 152, 163, 164, 175 ; 

lordships of, 136 ; Dairy Station celt, 73. 
Dairy mple, Hon. Hugh, 53. 
Dalrymple Hay, Admiral Sir John C, M.P., 53. 



INDEX. 



217 



Damley, Henry, King of Scots, 185. 

Dary, 161. 

Dean Castle, 111 ; Architectural description of, 

112-124*. 
Decree by the Lords of Council, abstract of, 182. 
Decreet-arbitral between Hugh, first Earl of 

Eglingtone, and Eobert Boyd and Mungo 

More, 163. 
Dene Mains, 130, 131. 
Dempster, David, of Carrelstoun, 135. 
Derhagie HiU, 57. 
Derlauohlin, 52. 
Derniemore Hill, 57. 
Derskelpin Farm, 52. 
Dillop, Alano, 194. 
DiUop, H., in Crawfield, 194. 
Discharge by Archibald, Earl of Angus, to Eobert 

Lord Boyd, for the fermes of Kilmarnock, 

etc., 160, 161. 
Discharge by Margaret Queen of Scots to Robert, 

Lord Boyd, for the fermes of Kilmarnock, 

161. 
Discs, 70. 

Dobie's Font's Guninghame, quoted, 111. 
DoUywrae, 143. 
DoUywra, 139. 
Don, 100. 
Dougan, 57. 

Dougan, Henry, Gamaburn, 107. 
Dougan, Mr., 108. 
Douglas's Peerage, quoted, 110. 
Drills, 70. 
Drumcamachan, 56. 
Drumcoll, 136. 
Drummond, 122* 123*. 
Dryden, Sir Henry, Bart., of Canons Ashby, 

Northamptonshire, 103. 
Dryrig, 139, 143. 
Duisk, 77. 
Dumfries, 52. 
Dunbar, Mr. Gavin, 158. 
Dundas, Archibald, 136. 
Dundonald, lands and castles of, 136. 
Dunfermline, Abbot of, 147. 
Dunfermline, James, Abbot of the convent of 

St. Margaret of, 149, 150. 
Dunlop, Robert, Airdrie, 45, 46. 
Dunlop, John, 77. 
Dunoon, Castle of, 136. 

2 



Dunse, 163. 

Edinburgh, 144. 
Edward I., 121*. 
Eglintoun, Hugh, Earl of, 160, 163, 182, 185, 

199, 210. 
Eghnton, Earl of, 19, 22, 60, 193, 210. 
Eglyntoun, Dame Marion Seytoim, Countess of, 

178. 
Eldrig Hill, 92. 

Elizabeth, Queen, 185, 186, 190. 
Elphinstoun, George, of Blythiswood, 210. 
ErgyU, Archibald, Earl of, 185. 
Ergyle, Robert, Bishop of, 163. 
Ergile, Earl of, 193. 
Evans, J., remarks by, on a coin found in 

Buston Crannog, 46 ; quoted, 67, 69, 71, 72. 

Fairlib, David, 179. 

Fairlie, William, 210. 

Fardenreoch Farm, 77. 

Fardenreoch axe-hammer, 77. 

Fargushill, 110. 

Farhe, WUUam, 110. 

Fergusson, Sir Charles Dalrymple, 4. 

Fergusson, Sir James, Bart, of Kilkerran, 99. 

Fergushill, J., 194. 

Flat, 139, 141, 164, 176. 

Flatt Narstone, 152. 

Flint flakes and cores, 70. 

Forbes, Alexander, Lord, 146. 

Forbes, Bishop, Kalendar of the Saints, quoted, 

91. 
Forfar, 136. 
Forfar, 144. 
"Fort" at Seamill, structure of, 61; relics 

foimd, 62, 63. 
FuUwood, 74. 
Full wood celt, 74. 
Further account anent Galloway, quoted, 92. 

Galloway, 97. 

Galloway, David, Bishop of, 157. 

Galloway, Earl of, arms of, 83. 

Galloway, William, Notice on the Early Christian 
Remains in Ayrshire, by, 99-108 ; Architec- 
tural description of Dean Castle, by, 112- 
124*. 

Ganehill, 130. 



218 



INDEX. 



Ganeleioh, 130. 

Ganenliill, 139. 

Garnabuin, 106, 107, 108. 

Gavenleth, 139. 

Geikie, Archibald, 70. 

Gibson, "William, 70. 

Gibsoun, Henrie, 207, 210. 

Giffertland, Manse of, 203, 206. 

Gilbert, Earl of Cassillis, 156, 159. 

Girvan, 99 ; bay of, 99, 103. 

Glamis, Alexander, Lord, 136. 

Glasgow, Andrew, Bishop of, 124. 

Glasgow, Robert, Archbishop of, 145. 

Glasgow, Bishop of, 133. 

Glasserton, 97. 

Glastry, 130. 

Glencarne, Master of, 171. 

Glencarne, WiUiam, Earl of, 210. 

Glencairn, Cuthbert, Earl of, 160. 

Glenhead, 59. 

Glenluce, 95, 96. 

Gordon, George, Lord, 136. 

Gregory, Pope, 100. 

Grenehill, J., 194. 

Grinding-stones, 70. 

Grose's Antiquities, quoted, 111. 

Guthrie, Da^dd, 124. 



Haieshaw, The, 142. 

Hales, Patrick, Lord, 121. 

Hamilton, James, Notice of Kilmarnock Funeral 

Bell by, 82. 
Hamiltoun, John, 146. 
Hamilton, Lady Mary, mother of James, Lord 

Boyd, 138, 139, 140, 143. 
Hamilton, Lord, 111. 
Hamilton, P., of Bogsyde, 194. 
Hammers, perforated, 70. 
Hammiltoun, A., 194. 
Hanyng, Patrick, 141. 
Hart, late Robert, 89. 
Hartshawmuir, 131. 
Hay, A., 205, 209, 
Hay, Robert, 19. 
Henry VL, 118. 
Hepburn, Adam, 121. 
High Dergoals Farm, 57. 
Holme Mains, 130, 131. 



Hopson, Mr., 3. 

Horn, objects of, found in Buston Crannog, 39 ; 

knife handles, 39. 
Horn, objects of, found in crannog at Lochspouts, 

pick, 13 ; club, 13 ; spear-shaped portion, 

13; pointed object, 14; handle, 14; pointed 

tynes, 14. 
Houston, James, 163. 
Hume, Alexander, Lord, 145. 
Hunter-Weston of Hunterston, Colonel, 3. 



Indentuee between James, Earl of Arran, and 
Robert, Lord Boyd, 179-181. 

Inglis, R., Lovestone, factor on the Bargany 
estate, 107, 108. 

Instrument on appointment of procurators by 
Janet Colville,for dispensation of her marriage 
with Alexander Boyd, 149 ; abstract of, 
150. 

Instrument of Assignation by Hugh, third Earl 
of Eglintoune, to Robert, Lord Boyde, etc., 
abstract of, 185. 

Instrument on the citation of the freeholders and 
barons of Forfarshire, upon the service of 
Margaret Boyd, Lady Forbes, as heir to her 
brother James Boyd, 143 ; abstract of, 144. 

Indenture between Margaret, Queen of Scotland, 
and Alexander Boyd in Kilmarnock, for a 
Tack of the Lordship of Kilmarnock to the 
latter, 152-154. 

Instrument on the premonition made to King 
James the Fourth of the service of Margaret 
Boyd, Lady Forbes, to her brother James, 
Lord Boyd, 145 ; abstract of, 145, 146. 

Instrument on the Proclamation of the Brieve of 
Service of Margaret Boyd, widow of Alexan- 
der, Lord Forbes, 146, 147 ; abstract of, 147. 

Instrument of Sasine in favour of James, Lord 
Boyd, of the Barony of Kilmarnock, etc., 
139, 140 ; abstract of, 140. 

Instrument on the renunciation by the Com- 
mendator of Kilwinning, of the lands of 
ByrehUL and Quhithirst, in favour of Robert, 
Lord Boyd, 210 ; abstract of, 211. 

Instrument of Sasine in favour of James, Lord 
Boyd, of the lands of Monfod, Kilbryd, 
Flat, Ravisdalemure, Dairy, etc., 141, 142 ; 
abstract of, 142. 



INDEX. 



219 



Instrument on the transfer of the Castle of 
CassiUis from Robert Boyd in Kilmarnock, 
to William, Abbot of Crosraguell, and exon- 
eration of the former therefor, 168-170. 

Innes, J., 205. 

lona, 100, 103. 

James G., 172, 182. 

James R., 154, 162. 

James, Kiag of Scots, 152. 

James XL, of Soots, 110, 134. 

James III., confirmation under the great seal of 
a declaration by, 121 ; charters by, 123* ; 
charter with abstract, 123 ; charter by, to 
Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, with transla- 
tion, 123 ; charter by, to Thomas Boyd, Earl 
of Arran, 126, 127 ; translation of, 127, 128 ; 
charter by, to Thomas Boyd, Earl of Arran, 
and Mary his spouse, by the lands of Arran, 
128, 129 ; translation of, 129, 130 ; charter 
by, to the Earl and Countess of Arran, of 
the barony of Kilmarnock, 130, 131 ; trans- 
lation of, 131-133. 

James IV., 123*, 124*, 145. 

James VI., 210. 

Jarden, A., 205. 

Javelins, 70. 

Kantdy, Dawyd, 155. 

Kells, 106. 

Kelso, A., of Kelsoland, 194 ; in Hingdok, 194 ; 

in Newsyde, 194. 
Kelsoland, 100. 

Kennedy, David, of Leswalt, 154, 155. 
Kennedy, James, of Blarquhane, 169. 
Kennedy, John, of Knokreoch, 153. 
Kennedy, Willelmus, 148. 
KUbride, 136, 139, 141, 152, 161, 164, 176. 
Kilbirnie, castle or place of, 123*. 
Kilbride, West, 79. 
Kilkeeran, 106. 
Kilkerran, 99 ; notice of the excavation of 

a Crannog at Lochspouts, near, 1. 
Kilkieran in Kintyre, 100. 
KilkUspeen, South Cross at, 106. 
Kilmaurs, 19. 

KilmaUock, County Limerick, 89. 
Kilmarnock, 74, 82, 152, 161, 163, 164, 168, 

169, 170, 194. 



Kilmamock, Barony and Castle of, 123* 130 ; 
Castle of. 111, 131 ; Earldom of, 110, 112, 
123, 124 ; Earls of, 112 ; Lordship of, 136. 

Kilmarnock Water, 112. 

Kilmarnock Writs, 124, 139, 141, 142, 145, 
146, 147, 149, 150, 152, 154, 155, 156, 
160, 161, 162, 163, 168, 170, 171, 172, 
175, 179, 181, 182, 185, 186, 187, 190, 
191, 192, 195, 198, 200, 202, 206, 207, 
210. 

Kilmorie, 91. 

KUwinnirig, 71, 210, 211. 

Kirkbride, 91. 

Kirkcolm, 91. 

Kirklands, 130. 

Kirkmaiden, 92, 94. 

Kirktoun, 194. 

Kirkoswald, 1. 

Kneland, Gaviiio, 194. 

Kneland, Georgio, 194. 

Kneland, J., of Foscane, 194. 

Kneland, Oswald, 194. 

Knockiecore, 57. 

Knokindone, 203, 206. 

Knives, 70. 

Kylbirny, 110. 

Lady's Well, The, New Luce, 95. 

Lamb, Rev. Mr., Minister of Kirkmaiden, 1830, 
93. 

Lanark, 130. 

Lance-heads, 70. 

Lands and their Owners in Galloway, quoted, 
97. 

Laurieston, Alexander Straton, 136. 

Lennocie, Mathei, 195. 

Lennox, The, quoted, 191. 

Letters of Charge inhibiting the Master of Glen- 
carne from executing a warrant against 
Robert Boyd for delivery of the Castle of 
Kilmamock, 171-172. 

Letters of Procuratory by Alexander Boid in 
KUmamock, to David Colville and others, 
to obtain a dispensation for his marriage 
with Janet Colville, 147 ; abstract of, 148. 

Letters from Queen Mary to the Earl of CassOlis, 
191 ; Commission by Queen Mary to Robert, 
Lord Boyd, to treat with her subjects of 
Scotland, anent reconciliation, 191. 



220 



INDEX. 



Letters of Relaxation by Mary Queen of Scots, 

abstract of, 179. 
Letters of Remission by Mary Queen of Scots, 

abstract of, 179. 
Letters of Remission by Henry (Damley), King 

of Scots, to Arcbibald, Earl of Ergyll and 

others, etc., abstract of, 185. 
Letter of Reversion by Richard Botbwell, 

Provost of the Kirk of Field, to Robert 

Boyd in Kilmarnock, over the lands of 

Raith, 170-171. 
Letters of Slains by Neill Montgomery of 

Langschaw, and his kin, to Robert, Lord 

Boyd, and others, abstract of, 184. 
Life and Worlc, quoted, 100, 101. 
Lindesay, J., in Greneleysis, 194. 
Linkumtry Burn, 77. 
Linlithgow, 111, 121. 
Lisle, Robert, Lord, 124, 126. 
Livingstone, James, Lord, 124. 
Loch Brain, 97. 
Loch Buston, 19. 
Lochlands, 74, 75. 
Lochlands axe, 74. 
Lochlee, 5, 6, 7, 8. 
Lochspouts, 1, 2, 3, 18. 
Lochspouts, notice of the excavation of a Cran- 

nog at, near Kilkerran, 1. 
Lochrig, 110. 
Lochwinnoch, 106. 
Loch Ryan, 91. 
Lockhart, J., Unthank, 194. 
Loremure, A,, 209. 
Lome, Walter, Lord, 136. 
Love, late Robert, of Threepwood, 88. 
Lovestone, 107. 

Lowdoun, George Campbell of, 136. 
Lyndsay, James, 124. 

Mabillon, 86. 

Macdonald, Dr., rector of Ayr Academy, 3, 60 ; 
Illustrated Notices of the ancient stone imple- 
ments of Ayrshire, by, first series, 66-81. 

Maofadzean, James, 2, 15. 

Machar-a-kill (Machrymkil, Machri-kil), 99, 103, 
104, 106. 

Machermore, Glenluce, 56. 

Malzie,. 97. 

Mar, Joannis, comitis de, domini Erskin, 194. 



Marshall, John, 71. 

Margarett, Queen of Scots, 152, 154, 161, 162, 
163, 165. 

Margaret Tudor, 123* 124*. 

Mary, Princess, 111. 

Mary Queen of Scots, 111, 124* 179, 186, 188, 
190, 192. 

Mary, Queen Regent, 182. 

Martuam, 164. 

Maybole, 1, 18. 

Maxtoke Castle, 118. 

Maxwell, J., Potterhill, 210. 

Maxwell, John, 210. 

MaxweU, Sir Herbert E., 53, 55. 

M'Adam, John, 149. 

M'Cormick, Thomas, 58. 

M'Culloch, James, 56. 

M'Dowall, Patrick, of Logan, 94. 

M'Dowel, Fergusium, 122. 

M'llwraith, Mr., of Kilfillan, 57. 

M'llraith's Guide to Wigtonshire, quoted, 9. 

M'Naught, D., Kilmaurs, 19 ; letter from, 20. 

Medan or "Medana,'' Lady, 97. 

Mechell, A., 204. 

Mechelsone, Sir Andrew, 147. 

Mekilcumray, 123. 

Memorandum of Crown Charter to Mary, Lady 
Hamilton, of the frank tenement of the 
Barony of Kilmarnock and others, 139 ; 
abstract of, 139 ; of the Barony of Teling 
and others, 138 ; abstract of, 138, 139. 

Memorials of the Montgomeries quoted, 110, 
163, 178, 179, 182, 184, 188, 193, 199, 
210. 

Mertuam, 130, 139. 

Metal, objects of, found at Buston Crannog, 40- 
47 ; (a) Iron — Axe -head, 40 ; gouge, 41 ; 
knives, 41 ; punch, 41 ; awls, 42 ; spear- 
head, 42 ; arrow-head, 42 ; iron object, 43 ; 
files ? 43 ; spiral object, 43 ; miscellaneous 
objects, 43 ; (b) bronze — brooch, 44 ; pins, 
44 ; (c) gold finger-rings, 44-45 ; coins, 45- 
47. 

Metal, objects of, found in Crannog at Loch- 
spouts, 14, 15 ; (a) objects of iron, 14 ; (&) 
objects of bronze or brass, 14, 15 ; key, 15. 

Metal, objects of, found at "Fort" at Seamill, 
63 ; iron, 63 ; bronze or brass, 63 ; perforated 
disc, 63. 



INDEX. 



221 



Methven, Henry, Lord, 161, 162, 163, 166. 

Mid Biiston, 19. 

Milnton, the, 143. 

Milroy, Dr. A., Kilwinning, 77. 

Mitchell, Dr. Arthur, 68, 87. 

Miscellany of the Abbotsford Club, quoted, 110. 

Miscellaneous objects found at Crannog at Bus- 
ton, 47-79 ; armlets, 47 ; jet ornament, 47 ; 
beads, vitreous paste, 47 ; glass, 47 ; leather, 
47 ; pottery, 47-48 ; crucibles, 48-49. 

Miscellaneous objects, found at SeamUl "Fort," 
63 ; glass, 63 ; pottery, 63. 

Miscellaneous objects found in Crannog at Loch- 
spouts, 15-18. 

Moohrum, 95. 

Mocumma or Mochonna, 100. 

Monasterboice, 103, 106. 

Monfod, 130, 141. 

Montfode, 80 ; axe hammer, 80. 

Montgomerie, J., in Mat, 194. 

Montgomerie, M., 194. 

Montgomery, Hugh, of Hesilheyd, 182, 183, 
184. 

Montgomery, John, 160, 182. 

Montgomery, Matthew, 160. 

Montgomery, Sir Neill, 184. 

Montgomery, Neill, of Langschaw, 179, 184. 

Montluck, Kirkmaiden, 94. 

Moone Abbey, 103. 

Moran, Bishop, quoted, 85, 88. 

Morane, George, 147. 

More, Mungo, of Eovallane, 163. 

Mortars, 70. 

Morton, James, Earl of, 136, 204. 

Mowatt, Charles, 184, 210. 

MulhoUand, John, 92. 

Mimford, 139. 

Mungumry, William, 185. 

Munro, Dr., Kilmarnock, 74 ; notes on excavation 
of a Crannog at Buston by, 19-49 ; notice by, 
of excavations made on an ancient " Fort " 
at SeamiU, Ayrshire, 59-63. 

Museum Italicum, 86. 

Mure, Robert, Lord of PowkeUy, 140, 141, 
142. 

Murray, Earl of, 193. 

Mutual Bond of Defence between Hugh, third 
Earl of Eglintownne, and Eobert, Lord 
Boyide, etc., abstract of, 185. 



Naieston, 130, 136, 138, 164. 

Nasmyth, Gavinus, 211. 

Necklaces, 70. 

Needles of bone, 70. 

Nether Robertland, 143. 

Nethirtoun, 206, 207. 

New Luce, 95. 

New Statistical Account of Scotland, quoted, 59, 
69. 

Newtonstewart, 97. 

Nodisdale, 130, 136, 139, 141, 152, 161, 164, 
176. 

Notarial Instrument on the Complaint and Ap- 
peal of Margaret, Countess of CassUls, from 
the sentence of the Arbiter between her and 
Gilbert, Earl of Cassills, 156-159 ; abstract 
of, 159-160. 

Notarial Instrument on the Investiture of 
Eobert Boyd, junior, with the office of 
Bailiery of the Lordship of Kilmarnock, in 
room of his father, 163-166 ; abstract of, 
166-168. 

Notarial Letters of Dispensation in favour of 
Alexander Boyd and Janet Colville, 150- 
151; abstract of, 151-152. 

Oar of Canoe found in Buston Crannog, 32. 
Obligation by Dame Marion Seytoun, Countess 

Eglyntoun, to Eobert, Master of Boid, 178. 
Obligation by Neil Mungumrie of Langschaw, to 

Robert, Lord Boyd, and others, abstract of, 

184. 
Oblisement by the Earls of Argyle to assist 

Eobert Boyd, abstract of, 171. 
Ochiltree, 77. 

Old and New Statistical Accounts, quoted, 99. 
Old Glasgow: The Place and its People, quoted, 89. 
Old Port-WUliam Eoad, 95. 
O'Neill's Sculptured Grosses of Ancient Ireland, 

103, 106. 
Ormesheuch (Ormyscleuch, Ornsoleuch), 139, 

142, 143. 
Ossory Archceological Papers, quoted, 88. 
Owen Graham, 92. 

Passpoet to Lord Boyd, 187. 

Passports by Queen Elizabeth for the Lord 

Boyd, 185, 190; to the Bishop of Eoss and 

the Lord Boyd, 186. 



222 



INDEX. 



The Past in the Present, quoted, 68. 

Pennant, 68. 

Penninghame, 97. 

Perth, 144. 

Peter's Paps, Kirkmaiden, 94. 

Pictavia, 100. 

Pins, bone, 70. 

Polgavy, 138. 

Pollock, John, notice by, on Woodwork of Kow- 
allan Castle, 84. 

Pont, 60, 121. 

Port-Wmiam, 96. 

Portincross, 195, 196, 197, 198, 199. 

Portland, Duke of. Ill, 112. 

Portpatrick, 52, 92. 

Potterton, 139, 143. 

Pottery, fragments of, 22. 

Pottery (Samian ware), 15-18. 

Precept of Sasine by David Kennedy of Leswalt, 
for infeftiug John Kennedy of Knokreocht 
in the lands of Balgray, 154-155 ; abstract 
of, 155. 

Prieston (Priest's Stone), 106, 108. 

Priestcraig, 108. 

Prieston, 106, 108. 

Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries in Scot- 
land, 105. 

Process and Sentence in Parliament against Lord 
Boyd, Thomas, his eldest son, and Sir 
Alexander Boyd of Drumcoll, knight, 134- 
137 ; abstract of, 137. 

Procuratory of Eesignation by John Craufurd of 
Craufurdland, of the Mains of Giffertland 
and Birkat in superiority, in favour of 
Robert, Lord Boyd, 200-201 ; abstract of, 
202. 

Procuratory of Resignation by the daughters of 
the late John Craufurd of Giffertland, of the 
Lordship of Giffertland and others, in favour 
of Robert, Lord Boyd, 202-205 ; abstract of, 
205-206. 

Queens, 70. 

Quhithirst, Nether Quhithurst, 210. 

Quhitlaw, Archibald, Dean of Dunbar, 124. 

Railstoun (Railstown), 130, 139. 

Raith, 170. 

Rankine, John, of Beoch, 74, 75. 



Ratification of the proceedings on commission 
granted by Queen Mary to Lord Boyd and 
others, to treat with the Queen of England 
anent her and her affairs, 186. 

Rebellion, 1745, 110. 

Eegistrum Magni Sigilli, 123, 130, 138, 139. 

Begistrum Secreti Sigilli, quoted, 123. 

Remission to Lord Boyd and others, 194-195. 

Remission under the Privy Seal to William 
Cunningham, Knight, Master of Glencairn, 
etc., for the slaughter of Mr. Matthew 
Montgomery, etc., 160 ; abstract of, 160. 

Renfrew, 209. 

Renfrew, Barony of, 136. 

Renfrewshire, 106. 

Reeves's Life of Adamnan quoted, 100. 

Rhinds of Galloway, 94, 97. 

Richartown, John Wardlaw, of, 136. 

Ring found at Barhapple, 55. 

Ring, spiral finger-, of ornamented gold, found in 
Buston Crannog, 22. 

Rings, 70. 

Risdalemure, 122. 

Ritchie, Rev. Dr., Tarbolton, 70. 

Bituale Bomanum Supplementum, quoted, 86. 

Rivisdalemuir, 139, 141, 176. 

Ryisholm, 110. 

Rolleston, Professor, notes by, on organic remains 
found on Crannog at Lochspouts, 18. 

Ross, Bishop of, 186. 

Ross, G., of Hanyng, 194. 

Ross, Thome, in Bordland, 194. 

Rothe'say, Castle of, 136. 

Rowallan Castle, notice on Woodwork of, 84. 

Saltcoats, 71, 72, 80. 

Sasine in favour of James, Lord Boyd, of the 
lands of Ormscleuch, Chapelton, and others, 
in the lordship of Stewarton, 142, 143 ; 
abstract of, 143. 

Sasine in favour of Robert, Lord Boyd, of the 
lands of Portincross and Ardneill, 198-199. 

Sasine on Crown Precept in favour of Robert 
Boyd, son and heir-apparent of Robert Boyd 
of Kilmarnock, of the lordship of Kilmarnock 
and others, 175-178 ; abstract of, 178. 

Saws and scrapers, 70. 

Schaw, A., of Sornbeg, 194. 

Schaw, J., of Sornbeg, 194. 



INDEX. 



223 



Schaw, E., of Sombeg, 194. 

Schaw, W., in Munnok, 194. 

Scotland, Acts of the Parliament of, quoted, 121, 

122. 
Scott, William, of Balwery, 157. 
Sculptured Grosses of Ancient Ireland, quoted, 

106. 
Sculptured Stones of Scotland, quoted, 106. 
Seabank Celt, description of, 71. 
Seabank Moor, 71. 
Seamill, Ayrsbire, notice of an excavation made 

on an ancient " Fort " at, 59. 
SempLU, Churcb of, 106. 
Sempill, John, first Lord of Sempill, 106. 
Setoun, George, Lord, 136. 
Shearer, Mr., 52. 

Shrovesbury, G. T., 186, 187, 192. 
Sinclair, Sir John, Statistical Account of Scot- 
land, 68. 
Sloan, Dr. Charles F., Ayr, 77 ; description of 
moat axe by, 77. 

Sloan, Miss, 76. 

Slick stones, 70. 

Sling stone, 70. 

Smith, James, Dairy, 73. 

Smith, John, Kilwinning, 71, 72, 73. 

Smith's GoU. Ant., quoted, 66. 

Smyth, John, 160. 

Somervell, James, 163, 165, 166. 

Somerville, John, Lord, 121. 

Soulis, Lord, 111. 

South Milton Farm, 95. 

Spindle whorls, 70. 

St. Bride's, Kirkcolm, 91. 

St. Bride's Well, near Kirkbride, Kirkmaiden, 
94. 

St. Catherine's Well, Stoneykirk, 92. 

St Ciaran, 100. 

St. Columba, 100, 105. 

St. Columba's Well, Kirkcolm, 91. 

St. Cummin, Penitentiale of, 85. 

St. Enoch's Holy Well, 89. 

St. Fillan's Well, on the farm of KHfillan, Old 
Luce, 95. 

St. Finian, 96. 

St. John's Well, Stranraer, 92. 

St. Katherine's Well, Low Dromore, Kirkmaiden, 
94. 

St. Katherine's Well, Old Luce, 95. 



St. Macarius, 99. 

St. Machar, 99, 100. 

St. Martin, 100. 

St. Martin's Cross, 103. 

St. Mary's, Kirkcolm, 91. 

St. Mary's or Lady Well, near Logan, Kirk- 
maiden, 94. 

St. Medan's Well, Glasserton, 97. 

St. Medan's Well, Kirkmaiden, 92. 

St. Ninian at Whithorn, 90. 

St. Ninian's Well, Penniughame, 97. 

St. Patrick's Well, Portpatrick, 92. 

Stafford, Hon. Lord, 118. 

Stair, Earl of, 52, 106, 107, 108. 

Statistical Account, Wigton, Kirkcolm, quoted, 
91. 

Stewart, J. Leveson, of Glen Ogil, 53. 

Stewart, Sir Alan Plantagenet, Earl of Galloway, 
arms of, 83. 

Stewartoun, 123, 124, 139. 

Stewarton, lordship of, 136, 143. 

Stevenston, 71. 

Stinchar, 108. 

Stirling, 122 ; castle of, 210. 

Stoddart, J. H., 3. 

Stone, objects made of, found in Buston Crannog, 
32-35 ; hammer-stones, polishers, etc., 32-33 ; 
sling stones, etc., 33 ; whetstones, grindstones, 
33 ; cup stone, 34 ; querns, 34 ; spiudle 
whorls, 34 ; flint objects, 35. 

Stone, objects made of, found on Crannog at 
Loohspouts, 9-13 ; hammer-stones, 9 ; 
polishers, 9 ; whetstones, 9-10 ; funnel- 
shaped holes, 10 ; pebbles, 10 ; querns, 10- 
11 ; spindle whorl, 11 ; polished discs, 11- 
12 ; oval implement with two hollowed 
surfaces, 11 ; flint scraper, 12 ; rings of 
lignite, etc., 13 ; ring, 13 ; armlets, 13. 

Stone, objects of, found at " Fort " at Seamill, 
62 ; hammer-stones, 62 ; globular ball, 62 ; 
polisher, 62 ; quern, 62 ; spindle whorl, 62 ; 
cannel coal, 62. 

Stoneykirk, 92. 

Stranraer, 92. 

"Stronge Fort," 60. 

Symon's Description of Galloway, quoted, 94, 96. 

Swan Knowe, 19. 

Talbot, George, 187. 



224 



INDEX. 



Tannieroaoli Moss, 57. 

Tarbolton, 70. 

TeKng, 136 ; barony of, 138. 

Tertullian, Tract de Baptismo ap Roma Sotter- 

anea, quoted, 90. 
Thomson, Mr., 89. 
Thomson, John, 52. 
Todd's MS8. quoted, 94. 
Todd, Mr., 94. 
Tour in Scotland and Voyage to the Hebrides, 

quoted, 68. 
Tours, Bishop of, 100. 
Trabach, 136. 
Trarinzean, 123, 136. 
Tuam, 103. 
Tiu-nberrj, 123. 

TumbuU, Rev. George M., of DaiUy, 100. 
Two Wells, 139. 
Tytler's History of Scotland, 110. 

UcHTHiE Macken, Cave of, 92. 
Ullard, 103, 106. 

Vatican Library, 85. 
Vchiltree, Lord, 210. 



Vernon, Hon. G. R., Auohans, Commissioner for 

the Earl of Eglinton, 21, 60. 
Visitor's Guide to Wigtonshire, quoted, 91. 
Vivian, J. Pendarves, 53. 

Wallace, H., of Meynefurde, 194. 

Wallace, John, 149. 

Wallace, J., of Craigie, 210. 

Wamoklands, 130, 139. 

Wat, John, 210. 

Wawane, William, 157. 

Weights, 70. 

Weir, H. F., of Kirkhall, 60. 

West Kilbride, 60. 

Whetstones, 70. 

WhitehiU, 99, 100, 104. 

Whithorn, 97. 

Wigton, 97. 

Wigtonshire, 89, 90 ; Heraldry of, 83 ; Holy 

Wells in, 91-98. 
Wilson, Rev. George, Notice by, of a Crannog at 

Barhapple Loch, 52-58 ; 95, 97. 
Wilzamsone, Johannes, 140, 142. 
Wod, Andree, in Largis, 194. 
Wood, objects of, at Loohspouts, 14 ; at Buston, 

40. 



END OF VOLUME THIRD. 



Printed by R, & R. Clark, Edinburgh.