A DIRECTORY OF
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Atmospheric Sciences
1 970-October, 1978
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE-National Technical Information Service
PB-286 256
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A DIRECTORY OF
COmPUTER SOFTWARE
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Atmospheric Sciences
1 970-October, 1 978
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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, Virginia 22161
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Portions of this publication bearing a copyright notice are copyrighted.
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50272 -101
REPORT DOCUMENTATION 1 1._ report no.
page NTIS/SA -78/15
2.
3. Recipient's Accession No.
PB-286 256
4. Title and Subtitle
A Directory of Computer Software Applications --
Atmospheric Sciences, 1970-October, 1978
5. Report Date
October. 1978
6.
7. Author(s)
8. Performing Organization Rept. No.
9. Performing Organization Name and Address
National Technical Information Service
5285 Port Royal Road
Springfield, Virginia 22161
10. Project/Task/Work Unit No.
11. Contract(C) or Grant(G) No.
(C)
(G)
12. Sponsoring Organization Name and Address
Same
13. Type of Report & Period Covered
1970 - Oct. , 1978
14.
15. Supplementary Notes
16. Abstract (Limit: 200 words)
Atmospheric sciences reports that list computer programs and/or their documenta-
tion are cited. These software applications pertain to topics, such as aeronomy,
atmospheric motion, meteorological data processing and weather forecasting, me-
teorological instruments, physical meteorology, and weather modification. The
directory contains complete bibliographic data for each report, as well as a subject
and a corporate author index.
The computer software offered by NTIS was created by a variety of Federal agen-
cies to meet their diverse but quite specific objectives. It is provided without in-
stallation, support, or maintenance services and sometimes requires customer
modifications to run effectively in customer environments.
17. Document Analysis a. Descriptors
b. Identifiers/Open-Ended Terms
c. COSATI Field/Group 62B, 550
18. Availability Statement
19. Security Class (This Report)
21. No. of Pages
123
20. Security Class (This Page)
22. Price
$25.00
(SeeANSI-Z39.18)
See Instructions on Reverse
OPTIONAL FORM 272 (4-77)
(Formerly NTIS-35)
Department of Commerce
CONTENTS
Introduction V
How To Use VII
Abstracts 1
Subject Index _ .. _._ 77
Corporate Author Index 102
Order Blank___ At End
PRICING
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iii
INTRODUCTION
The National Technical Information Service (NTIS) of the U.S. Depart-
ment of Commerce is the central source for the public sale and
announcement of Government-sponsored research, development and
engineering reports and analyses prepared by Federal agencies, their
contractors or grantees. NTIS supplies the public with approximately
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The technical reports announced by NTIS often contain listings of com-
puter programs and/or documentation covering a wide variety of appli-
cations.
The object of this directory is to announce to the scientist, systems ana-
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to disseminate this software as fully as possible to fulfill NTIS' role in
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HOW TO USE
Abstract Entry
Order/accession number. —
This number must be used
order NTIS products
to
Corporate author
PB-239 100/1CP PC A12/MF A01-
Bechtel, Inc., San Francisco, Calif.
Path to Self-Sufficiency Directions and Con-,
stralnts. Appendices
Final rept. on Phase 1 .
Aug 74, 267p" Rept no BECHTEL-10900-74-43-
l-App
Grant NSF-C867
Keywords — used for indexi
and searching
ngJ "
Descriptors: "Energy supplies, "Computer pro-
rams, Crude oil, Natural gas, Coal, Oil shale,
ranium, Thorium, Bituminous sands,
Hydroelectric power generation, Geothermal
prospecting, Solar energy conversion, Wastes,
Systems analysis, Systems engineering,
Capitalized costs, Fossil fuel deposits. Trans-
portation, Planning, Forecasting, Algorithms,
Flow charting, Mathematical models, FOR-
TRAN.
A computer program that calculates resource ■
requirements and summarizes results for any
fuel mix is presented. The program tabulates an
annual schedule of required facilities to be
brought on-line and attendant annual
schedules of capital (2 classes), manpower (4
types), and materials (9 categories) require-
ments. The model is exercised for two likely fuel
mixes and the implications in terms of an-
ticipated capital, manpower, and materials con-
straints are discussed.
-Price codes: PC means paper
copy; MF, microfiche. Consult
current code-price table for ac-
tual prices.
'—Title of document
Abstract of document
Subject Index Entry
Subject Term. — These are
arranged in alphabetical se-
quence in the Index
'ENERGY SUPPLIES
Energy System Network Simulator (ESNS) li. A-
User's Guide
BNL-20979 9B
Path to Self-Sufficiency Directions and Con-
straints
PB-239 099/5CP
Path to Self-Sutficiency Directions and Con-
straints. Appendices
PB-239 100/1 CP 21 D
An Economic Analysis ot Declining Petroleum
Supplies in Texas: Income, Employment. Tax and
Production Effects as Measured by Input-Output
and Supply-Demand Simulation Models
PB-243 320/9CP 08I
-Title
■Order number. Documents in
the abstract section are se-
quenced alphanumerically by
this number.
Corporate Author Index Entry
Corporate author
Order/accession number-
■ BECHTEL. INC., SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.
BECHTEL-10900-74-43-1
Path to Self-Sufficiency Directions and Con-
straints
—— PB-239 099/5CP 210
BECHTEL-10900-74-43-l-App
Path to Self-Sufficiency Directions and Con-
straints. Appendices
PB-239 100/1CP 21D
-Title
VII
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2012 with funding from
LYRASIS Members and Sloan Foundation
http://www.archive.org/details/directoryoOOunit
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
AD-A001 271/6CP PC A02/MF A01
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(Navy) Monterey Calif
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program for the
Southwest Indian Ocean
Technical paper
Samson Brand, Jack W. Blelloch, and James M.
Long. Oct 74, 20p Rept no. ENVPREDRSCHF-
tech paper-16-74
Descriptors: 'Tropical cyclones, 'Weather
forecasting, "Indian Ocean, Statistical analysis.
Computer programming, Diurnal variations.
Pacific Ocean Islands
Identifiers: SWINJAH74 computer program,
Fleet numerical weather central.
A tropical cyclone analog program for the
Southwest Indian Ocean area (SWINJAH74) is
described. The program is a statistical com-
puter technique to provide forecasts of
Southwest Indian Ocean tropical cyclones from
12-72 hours. The analog program is discussed
in terms of its proposed operational use at Fleet
Weather Central, Guam, Mariana Islands.
AD-A002 117/OCP PC A04/MF A01
Environmental Technical Applications Center
(Air Force) Washington D C
A Precipitating Convective Cloud Model
Robert D. Smith. May 74, 51p Rept no.
USAFETAC-TN-74-3
Descriptors: 'Convection(Atmospheric), 'Cloud
physics, Atmospheric temperature, Wind,
Mathematical models, Computer programs,
Computations
A model presenting a physical depiction of a
precipitating convective cloud is explained in
detail The mathematical computations are
shown and a computer program for the model
is given. This program uses the primitive equa-
tions with initial conditions to compute desired
atmospheric parameters in two dimensions at
some later time. The initial conditions are
defined by a reference temperature, surface
temperature, temperature change with height,
surface wind, wind shear, and moisture dis-
tribution. Model limitations are defined by grid
interval, grid size, maximum simulated time,
and maximum number of iterations.
AD-A002 954/6CP PC A03/MF A01
Naval Research Lab Washington D C
WINDVEL2: A Program for Plotting Wind
Velocity as Determined by OTH Radar
Final rept.
Mark H. Etzel, and Dennis B Trizna. Dec 74, 39p
Rept no NRL-MR-2935
Descriptors: 'Wind velocity, 'Over the horizon
detection, 'Computer graphics, Wind direction.
Radar tracking, Plotting, Computer programs,
FORTRAN
Identifiers: WINDVEL2 computer program, Cal-
comp plotters, Remote sensing
A FORTRAN program has been developed for
displaying wind direction and wind speed data
maps, as determined by the HF Over-the-
Horizon Radar The output products are a grid
of wind direction arrows for each
rango/azimuth radar cell, and continuous con-
tours ol wind speed, plotted on a stereographic
projection of the Northern Hemisphere about
the North Pole by a CALCOMP 565 plotter or
compatible CRT display. Data inputted are
generated by other programs described el-
sewhere, and include radar cell latitude and
longitude, ambiguous wind direction pairs, and
three independent values of wind speed, all of
winch can be plotted in a number of different
combinations
AD-A003 394/4CP PC A04/MF A01
Emmanuel Coll Boston Mass
Study of Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in
the Magnetosphere: 1. Design and Fabrica-
tion of Data Processing System. 2. Mathe-
matical Analysis of Magnetospheric Models
M. Patricia Hagan. Aug 74, 53p Scientific-1,
AFCRL-TR-74-0449
Contract F19628-73-C-0081
Descriptors: 'Minicomputers, 'Magnetosphere,
Memory devices, Computer programs, Mathe-
matical models, Numerical analysis.
This report provides a guide to the understand-
ing of the operation of the mini-computer
which is currently under development and test-
ing, in preparation for the operation of the
micropulsation network.
AD-A003 755/6CP PC A05/MF A01
Aerospace Corp El Segundo Calif Lab Opera-
tions
Monochromatic Transmittance/Radiance
Computations
Interim rept.
Charles M. Randall. 31 Dec 74. 86p TR-
0075(5647)-3, SAMSO-TR-74-247
Contract F04701-74-C-0075. DARPA Order-
2843
Descriptors: 'Radiance, High resolution. Spec-
tra, Plumes, Computerized simulation, At-
mospheres, Transmissivity, Computer pro-
gramming, Spectral lines, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric attenuation,
'Transmittance, Optical paths, INHOM com-
puter program.
A computer program and associated
procedures have been developed to compute
high resolution spectra for inhomogeneous op-
tical paths including both atmospheric condi-
tions and conditions typical of a missile plume.
These programs and procedures are outlined in
this report. The procedures have been used
with the Air Force Cambridge Research Labora-
tories line atlas to demonstrate that ignoring
the correlation of atmospheric absorption lines
with source emission lines can lead to errors as
high as 79 percent for some spectral bands and
optical paths. Calculated spectra have been
compared with experimental laboratory spectra
typical of both atmospheric and missile plume
conditions. The AFCRL line atlas requires the
addition of lines from highly excited states and
the correction of certain inadvertent errors to
be applicable to the calculation of high tem-
perature optical properties of gases.
AD-A003 855/4CP PC A04/MF A01
Ballistic Research Labs Aberdeen Proving
Ground Md
Description and Comparison of the K Method
for Performing Numerical Integration of Stiff
Ordinary Differential Equations
M. D. Kregel, and E. L. Lortie. Jul 74, 68p Rept
no. BRL-1733
Descriptors: 'Differential equations, 'Numerical
integration, Matrices(Mathematics), Computer
programs, Ionosphere, Chemical reactions.
Identifiers: 'Stiff differential equations, K
matrix.
A numerical integration method, termed the K
method, has been developed within the Con-
cepts Analysis Laboratory for the integration of
about fifty stiff ordinary differential equations.
This method is described and, by the use of
several benchmark sets of ordinary differential
equations, comparisons are made with other
methods that have been described in the open
literature Instructions are given on the use of
the K method, and a complete listing of the
method is included
AD-A004 026/1CP PC A06/MF A01
Colorado State Univ Fort Collins Coll of
Forestry and Natural Resources
A Stochastic Canopy Model of Diurnal
Reflectance
Final rept. Jul 73-Jun 74
Robert E. Oliver, and James A. Smith Aug 74,
123p ARO-9928.4-EN
Grant DAHC04-74-G-0001
Descriptors: 'Solar radiation, 'Vegetation,
'Spectrum signatures, Canopies, Reflectance,
Geometry, Mathematical models, Diurnal varia-
tions, Stochastic processes, Light transmis-
sion, Radiometry, Detection, Interactions, Com-
puter programs.
Identifiers: 'Remote sensing.
The spectral signature of most vegetation va-
ries with both direction of view and time of day.
This variation is spectrally dependent and is
due primarily to differences in canopy
geometry. As a means of investigating the in-
teraction of shortwave radiation with vegetation
a stochastic canopy model was developed. The
model uses random variables based on mea-
sured distributions for incoming radiation flux,
intrinsic optical properties, and canopy
geometry.
AD-A004 602/9CP PC A03/MF A01
Naval Research Lab Washington D C
AURORA: An NRL Auroral Chemistry Code
Memorandum rept.
Ellis Hy man, and Paul Julienne Jan 75, 34p
Rept no. NRL-MR-2965
Descriptors: 'Aurorae, 'Aeronomy, Electrons,
Altitude, Plasma medium. Electric fields,
Mathematical models, Excitation. Electron ir-
radiation, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Ions, Reaction
kinetics.
Identifiers: AURORAE computer code.
A computer code is described which models
the chemistry in the atmosphere during and
subsequent to the deposition of auroral elec-
trons. In addition to obtaining altitude profiles
of 14 atmospheric species as a function of time
for any given incident-electron spectrum, the
code predicts volume and column emissions of
selected UV, visible, and IR spectral lines. Typi-
cal results from an ICECAP spectrum are
presented.
AD-A005 311/6CP PC A02/MF A01
Compass Systems, Inc., San Diego, Calif.
Program TRUWIND
Final rept
Baldwin van der Bijl. Sep 74, 9p 100-16, EPRF-
CP-Note-16
Contract N66314-72-C-1824
Descriptors. 'Wind velocity, 'Computer pro-
grams. Computations, FORTRAN
Identifiers: TRUWIND computer program, CDC
1604 computers
The report describes a CDC 1604 FORTRAN
program designed to compute true wind
velocity from ship velocity and observed rela-
tive wind velocity using a basic vector ap-
proach. It was prepared as an adjunct to a
requirement to evaluate actual ship data for
verification of the Hydrodynamic Numerical
Model
AD-A006 189/5CP PC A02/MF A01
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co Inc Palo Alto
Calif Palo Alto Research Lab
BREMGAT: A Code for the Generation and
Transport of Brensstrahlung Through the At-
mosphere
Technical rept.
Lester L. Newkirk, William E. Francis, and
Martin Walt. Oct 74, 20p Rept no. LMSC-
D407007
Contract N00014 -70-C-0203
Descriptors: 'Aurorae, 'Bremsstrahlung, Elec-
tron energy, Ionization, Computer pro-
gramming, Computations, Monte Carlo
method, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: BREMGAT computer code, AU-
RORA computer program, FOTONQ computer
program, MCBREM computer program.
A computer code is described which deter-
mines the rate at which energy is deposited in
the lower atmosphere by the bremsstrahlung
emitted from an incident flux of auroral elec-
trons interacting with the atmosphere. The
code is named BREMGAT (bremsstrahlung
generation and transport through the at-
mosphere) and consists of three major FOR-
TRAN programs called AURORA, FONTONQ,
and MCBREM. The programs are executed
consecutively in the order given. AURORA
determines the flux of electrons produced in a
model atmosphere by the given incident spec-
trum of auroral electrons. FOTONQ converts
the resulting fluxes into a suitable bremss-
trahlung source term. The Born approximation
bremsstrahlung cross section given by Sauter,
multiplied by a Coulomb correction in the form
of the Elwert factor, is used in FOTONQ to cal-
culate the emission of bremsstrahlung.
AO-A006 200/OCP PC A09/MF A01
Utah State Univ Logan Space Science Lab
Moment Method Solutions for the Impedance
of Asymmetrically Driven RF Probes in the
Collisional Ionospheric Magnetoplasma
Hyun-Shik Hwang. Aug 74, 176p Scientific-4,
AFCRL-TR-74-0394
Contract F19628-72-C-0255
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, 'Electron density,
*Probes( Electro magnetic), Radiofrequency,
Boltzmann equation. Partial differential equa-
tions, Computer programs, Monopole anten-
nas, Dipole antennas.
Identifiers: Method of moments.
In order to ascertain the electron density in the
earth's ionosphere by direct measurement a
radio frequency (RF) impedance probe
technique has proved useful. This technique in-
volves monitoring the changes in impedance of
an antenna mounted on a rocket or satellite
vehicle traversing the inospheric regions of in-
terest. The changes of antenna impedance can
be related to the electron density of the sur-
rounding plasma through use of suitable
theoretical development of the antenna-plasma
interaction. It is the purpose of this treatise to
develop a more general expression for the im-
pedance of an antenna in the ionosphere to be
useful as an RF probe for measurement of elec-
tron density. The investigation of ionospheric
plasma characteristics by means of such RF
probes has received a great deal of attention
since the advent of the rocket allowed direct
measurements within the ionosphere.
AD-A007 034/2CP PC A16/MF A01
Systems Science and Software La Jolla Calif
Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate. Volume I. Oro-
graphic Effects on Global Climate
Final rept. 1 Nov 73-31 Dec 74
John Schaibly. 28 Feb 75, 359p SSS-R-75-2556-
Vol-1, AFOSR-TR-75-0397
Contract F44620-74-C-0035. ARPA Order-2609
See also Volume 2, AD/A-007 035.
Descriptors: "Atmospheric motion, *Heat
transfer, "Mountains, Climate, Wind, Mathe-
matical prediction. Solar radiation, Boundary
value problems. Finite difference theory, Two
dimensional flow, Vortices, Fourier transforma-
tion, Computer programming, Advection, Nu-
merical integration. Mathematical models, Tur-
bulence, Atmosphere models.
Identifiers: Mountain lee waves, HAIFA com-
puter code, Sierra Nevada Mountains.
The report summarizes the three-year research
program at Systems, Science and Software to
investigate the effects of meso-scale and small-
scale interactions on global climate. The
research concentrated on two areas, oro-
graphic effects on the wind patterns and effects
of radiation transport on the climate. Volume I
describes the orographic research and includes
the theory of momentum transport due to
mountain ranges, the formulation of several
computer codes to calculate the effects for
realistic topography and wind profiles, and the
application of these codes to various problems
and comparison with other calculations as well
as experimental results.
AD-A007 035/9CP PC A10/MF A01
Systems Science and Software La Jolla Calif
Meso-Scale and Small-Scale Interactions on
Global Climate. Volume II. Radiation Trans-
port Effects on Global Climate
Final rept. 1 Nov 73-31 Dec 74
John Schaibly. 28 Feb 75, 204p SSS-R-75-2556-
Vol-2, AFOSR-TR-75-0398
Contract F44620-74-C-0035, ARPA Order-2609
See also Volume 1 , AD/A-007 034.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric motion, 'Heat
transfer, 'Mountains, Atmosphere models, Cli-
mate, Wind, Heating, Atmospheric temperature,
Mathematical models, Solar radiation, Predic-
tions, Ozone, Atmospheric density. Computer
programming, Reflection, Clouds, Heat flux,
Correlation techniques.
Identifiers: ATRAD computer code.
The report summarizes the three-year research
program at Systems, Science and Software to
investigate the effects of meso-scale and small-
scale interactions on global climate. The
research concentrated on two areas, oro-
graphic effects on the wind patterns and effects
of radiation transport on the climate. Volume II
describes the radiation transport research
which produced a benchmark code against
which more simplified models can be com-
pared. The code, ATRAD, is characterized by
high angular and frequency resolutions and by
the ability to calculate radiative atmospheric
heating rates taking into account molecular ab-
sorption and scattering from arbitrary distribu-
tions of aerosols and particulates.
AD-A007 495/5CP PC A02/MF A01
Pennsylvania State Univ University Park Iono-
sphere Research Lab
Propagation Predictions and Studies Using a
Ray Tracing Program Combined with a
Theoretical Ionospheric Model
Myung Ki Lee, and John S. Nisbet. 21 Mar 74, 6p
Contract N00014-67-A-0385-0017, Grant NGL-
39-009-002
Availability: Pub. in IEEE Transactions on An-
tennas and Propagation, p132-136 Jan 75.
Descriptors: 'Radio transmission, 'Ionospheric
propagation, Ray tracing, Atmosphere models.
Computer programs, Mathematical prediction,
Space to surface. Electron density, D region,
Ionospheric disturbances, Solar radiation,
Reprints.
Identifiers: 'Ionospheric models, E region, F re-
gion.
Radio wave propagation predictions are
described in which modern comprehesive
theoretical ionospheric models are coupled
with ray-tracing programs. In the computer
code described, a network of electron density
and collision frequency parameters along a
band about the great circle path is calculated
by specifying the transmitter and receiver geo-
graphic coordinates, time, the day number, and
the 2800-MHz solar flux. The ray paths are cal-
culated on specifying the frequency, mode,
range of elevation angles, and range of azimuth
angles from the great circle direction. The cur-
rent program uses a combination of the Penn
State MKI E and F region models and the Mitra-
Rowe D and E region model. Application of the
technique to the prediction of satellite to
ground propagation and calculation of oblique
incidence propagation paths and absorption
are described. The implications of the study to
the development of the next generation of iono-
spheric models are discussed. (Author)
AD-A008 035/8CP PC A15/MF A01
Visidyne Inc Burlington Mass
A High Altitude Infrared Radiance Model
Final rept. 1 Jun 72-30 Apr 74
Thomas C. Degges. 27 Dec 74, 346p VI-236,
AFCRL-TR-74-0606
Contract F19628-72-C-0330, ARPA Order-1366
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere models, 'Infrared
radiation, 'Upper atmosphere, 'Computer pro-
grams, Molecular vibration, Radiance,
Background radiation. Molecular energy levels,
Energy transfer, Emission spectra.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric radiation, Atmospher-
ic composition.
A knowledge of the natural infrared radiance
originating in the earth's upper atmosphere is
of interest for systems design, military surveil-
lance and the advancement of knowledge
about physical processes in the upper at-
mosphere. A physical model that includes ex-
perimental data on and theoretical estimates of
excitation processes that lead to emission of in-
frared radiation has been implemented in a
computer program that computes infrared radi-
ances for an earth limb viewing geometry. The
nominal spectral region of this study lies
between 2.7 and 25 micrometers and emphasis
is placed on radiation originating at altitudes
between 70 and 500 km. The physical model is
described, with emphasis on the changes
required in extending its usefulness. Applica-
tion of the computer program is described and
estimates are given of uncertainties in results
due to assumptions made in the model and lack
of data on actual atmospheric composition.
AD-A008 193/5CP PC A04/MF A01
Emmanuel Coll Boston Mass
Satellite Beacon Studies. 1. Total Electron
Content. 2. Scintillation Studies. 3. Pro-
gramming
Robert L. Vesprini, Eileen Martin, Charles
Cantor, and M. Patricia Hagan. Nov 74, 60p
Scientific-1, AFCRL-TR-75-0069
Contract F19628-72-C-0305
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, Electron density,
Scintillation, Magnetic anomalies, Magnetic
storms. Diurnal variations, Computer programs.
Identifiers: F region, ATS-5 satellite, ATS-3
satellite, DMSP satellite.
This report provides information on (1) Total
Electron Content (TEC) studies and their rela-
tionship to magnetic disturbances; (2) in-
cidence of, and intensity of scintillations, as
studied through indices; (3) programming
techniques for handling scintillation indices.
AD-A008 515/9CP PC A05/MF A01
IBM Federal Systems Div Burlington Mass
Program Structure of Atmospheric Density
Programs
Final rept. 1 Jan 72-31 Jan 75
Arnold S. Bramson. 15 Feb 75, 99p AFCRL-TR-
75-0063
Contract F19628-72-C-0178
Descriptors: "Atmospheric density, 'Computer
programs, Mathematical models. Partial dif-
ferential equations, Computations, Numerical
integration, Atmosphere models, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: CADNIP computer program, BAD-
MEP computer program.
Two extensive computer programs have been
designed and developed by IBM for AFCRL
under the existing and previous contracts.
These are the Cambridge Atmospheric Density
Numerical Integration Program' (CADNIP) and
the Burlington Atmospheric Density Model
Evaluation Program' (BADMEP). CADNIP is an
automatic computer program capable of deter-
mining atmospheric densities from an analysis
of satellite observations. CADNIP contains a nu-
merical integration scheme combined with a
differential correction procedure where the dis-
crepancies between computer and observed
position and velocity are reconciled by adjust-
ing the assumed atmospheric model, thereby
yielding corrected or refined density data. BAD-
MEP is a computer program for testing and
evaluating atmospheric models An important
feature of BADMEP is an analytical ephemeris
generator which may be used in place of nu-
merical integration resulting in a considerable
reduction in required computer time.
AD-A009 069/6CP PC A03/MF A01
Ballistic Research Labs Aberdeen Proving
Ground Md
Computing Methods Used in Support of
Modeling Electron Concentrations in High-Al-
titude Chemical Releases
Final rept.
R. B. Patton, Jr. Mar 75, 35p Rept no. BRL-MR-
2453
Descriptors: "Atmospheric sounding,
'Ionization, 'Electromagnetic wave propaga-
tion, Blackout(Propagation), Computations,
Electron density, Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Chemical release studies.
The modeling of electron concentrations for
high-altitude chemical releases requires a
number of supporting computations that have
not been reported previously These computing
methods are presented in detail. They include
six coordinate transformations, a solution for
the position of a cloud's center based on line-
of-sight data from a pair of observing sites, and
a solution to describe cloud appearance (size,
shape, and orientation) as viewed from a given
location.
AD-A009 530/7CP PC A03/MF A01
Navy Weather Research Facility Norfolk Va
A Computer Program to Select Typhoon
Analogs and Print Out Their Descriptions In-
cluding Subsequent Changes
Progress rept. no. 1
William T. Hodge, and Grady F McKay. Jan 70,
42p
Descriptors: "Tropical cyclones, 'Weather
forecasting, "Computer programming,
Typhoons, Storms, Sea level. Barometric pres-
sure. Compilers, Control sequences
Details are given of a computer program that (1)
accepts a description of an existing typhoon or
tropical storm, (2) searches descriptions of past
storms, selects those with similar charac-
teristics and ranks them according to similarity,
and (3) prints out subsequent track and storm
change data needed by typhoon forecasters.
The size, sources and features of the internal
typhoon history file are described During the
course of extracting the data, and designing
and testing the system, several facets of
typhoon data were found to need more
research These include Development of mean
or typical storm sea level pressure and 700 mb
height profiles with time; The recomputation or
rejection of inconsistent aircraft reconnais-
sance data; Study of the systematic differences
in Navy and Air Force aircraft eye reports;
Research on diurnal changes within the
typhoon eye Preliminary tests of the computer
system show that it will rank the storms and
print out the data as instructed, but the predic-
tors will have to be weighted in order to most
often select the past storm of most value to the
forecaster.
AD-A009 750/1CP PC A04/MF A01
Dugway Proving Ground Utah
Application of the Calder Finite Difference
Diffusion Model to Calculations of Instantane-
ous Elevated Line Source Dosages
Final rept.
Albert W. Waldron, Jr. Apr 75, 61 p Rept no.
DPG-FR-M921A
Descriptors: "Atmosphere models, Altitude,
Profiles, Diffusion theory, Finite difference
theory, Dosage, Mathematical models, Com-
puter programs, Eddy currents, Diffusivity.
Identifiers: "Atmosphere diffusion. Line
sources
This paper compares calculations of vertical
and surface dosage distributions, obtained
from a finite difference numerical solution of
the classical line source diffusion equation, to
calculations obtained from an analytical solu-
tion and to observed distributions obtained
from several line source releases The analytical
solution uses constant values of vertical turbu-
lence and wind speed averaged with height.
This solution then approximates the effects on
surface dosages of increasing stability aloft by
using reflection from the top of the mixing
layer. The finite difference numerical solutions
considers the change of eddy diffusivity and
wind speed with height in such a way as to
produce vertical dosage profile closer to the
observed. Turbulence values for use in the nu-
merical model are obtained from calculations
of vertical diffusivity based on statistical theory
The numerical solution predicts the vertical
dosage profile more accurately than the analyti-
cal solution. Both solutions predict surface
dosages equally well. Verification of the numer-
ical solution on other data appears desirable.
AD-A009 921/8CP PC A06/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Test and Evaluation of a VTPR Retrieval
System from Clear-Column NOAA 2 Radi-
ances
Master's thesis
Harry Milton Dyck, Jr. Mar 75, 122p
Descriptors: "Atmospheric temperature, Radi-
ance, Weather forecasting, Satellites(Artificial),
Satellite tracking systems. Scanning, Trans-
mittance. Histograms, Radiometers, Mathe-
matical models, Theses, Computer programs,
Water vapor, Carbon dioxide. Ozone.
Identifiers: NOAA-2 satellite, Remote scanning
An iterative technique for the retrieval of tem-
peratures at each of 100 levels ranging from
1000 mb to 0.01 mb is evaluated. Clear-column
radiance data in the carbon dioxide channels of
the Vertical Temperature Profile Radiometer
(VTPR) of NOAA 2 are used in inverting the
radiative transfer equations to deduce the T(P)
profile. The retrieval technique includes the
computation of atmospheric transmittances
due to three atmospheric absorber masses
(carbon dioxide, water vapor, and ozone) and
non-homogeneous temperature-pressure ef-
fects along the vertical. The program also cor-
rects these transmittances for zenith path dif-
ferences between the satellite and the retrieval
site when the site is not directly below the sen-
sor.
AD-A089 973/9CP PC A04/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
A Numerical Study of an Idealized Ocean
Using Non Linear Lateral Eddy Viscosity
Coefficients
Master's thesis
Julian Maynard Wright, Jr. Mar 75, 74p
Descriptors: "Ocean currents, "Atmospheric
motion, "Ocean surface, 'Surface temperature.
Air water interactions, Vortices, Eddy currents,
Mathematical models, Finite difference theory,
Computations, Theses, Computer programs.
Using a one level, barotropic ocean model,
driven by surface winds, a finite difference form
of the vorticity equation was integrated over
210 days of simulated time. The solutions using
a constant coefficients of lateral eddy viscosity
were compared with those using a variable
coefficients derived from enstrophy cascade
and energy cascade Using a constant eddy
viscosity coefficient of rather low magnitude
produces a large amplitude computational
oscillation which fills the entire basin. An order
of magnitude larger coefficient produces a
marginally satisfactory solution, where the
western boundary current was rather well
represented, but a moderate computational
oscillation was still evident. By increasing the
coefficient yet another order of magnitude, the
computational oscillation is negligible, but the
solution in the ocean interior is unrealistically
damped. An accurate physical and numerical
depiction of both the ocean interior and
western boundary with no computational oscil-
lation was achieved by using either of the two
forms of non linear eddy viscosity.
AD-A009 977/OCP PC A08/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Heat Budget Parameterization for the FNWC
Primitive Equation Model Using Data for 16
January 1974
Master's thesis
Warren Theodore Spaeth, Jr. Mar 75, 152p
Descriptors: 'Air water interactions.
'Atmospheric circulation, 'Radiative transfer,
'Atmosphere models, Heat balance, Clouds,
Mathematical models, Atlantic Ocean, Pacific
Ocean, Computer programs. Theses.
Identifiers: Primitive equations.
The radiational model employed here computes
the planetary albedo and the solar absorption
by atmospheric layers and by earth's surface for
the primitive equation model of FNWC. Large-
scale cloud parameterization in several layers
enters into these computations. The solar com-
putations are made on a gridpoint basis em-
ploying the water-vapor mass over each grid-
point. Longwave cooling effects over the same
layers and at the earth's surface are calculated
using emissivity formulas after Sasamori, and
are also dependent upon the cloud-parame-
terizations. Two forms of the cloud-parame-
terizations were tested using FNWC gridpoint
oceanic data for 16January 1974 The objective
was to determine the parameterization which
better verified the radiational balance as a func-
tion of latitude at the tropopause, as compared
with the January satellite climatology Separate
heat-budget checks of the propospheric
columns and of the oceanic-water mass were
tested for consistency with January climatolo-
gy The smaller cloud-parameterization values
gave the best verification.
AD-A010 232/7CP PCA07/MFA01
Computer Sciences Corp., Silver Spring, Md
System Sciences Div
Feasibility Study of a Quadrilateralized
Spherical Cube Earth Data Base
Final rept May 74-Mar 75
F. K.Chan, and E. M. O'Neill 14 Apr 75, 136p
CSC/TR-75/6007, EPRF-TR-2-75(CSC)
Contract N66314-74-C-1340
Descriptors: 'Earth sciences, "Scientific satel-
lites, 'Data bases, 'Meteorological data.
Mapping, Partial differential equations. Com-
puter graphics, Computations, Data storage
systems, Computer programs.
This report describes the results of research
into the feasibility of storing satellite
meteorological data in a high-resolution, equal-
area, computer-accessible data base. Equal
area elements are stored in square arrays
representing the faces of a cube inscribed
within the Earth. The required area-preserving
transformation is presented along with its in-
verse. A unique array-mapping scheme is
presented, which preserves near-neighbor rela-
tions and allows rapid index computation. The
implementation of this data base on rotational
storage devices is discussed, and calculated
execution times are presented.
AD-A010 412/5CP PC A03/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs Hanscom
AFB Mass
Computer Program for the Disturbed Steady-
State Nighttime D-Region
Environmental research papers
William Swider, and Carol I. Foley. 13 Mar 75,
27p Rept nos. AFCRL-TR-75-0150, AFCRL-
ERP-501
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, 'Atmosphere models,
'D region, Ion density, Computer programs.
Electron density. Altitude, Polar cap absorp-
tion.
A computer program has been developed for
the nighttime D-region under disturbed steady-
state conditions. The program provides for the
determination of the electron concentration,
total negative ion concentration, and the in-
dividual positive ion concentrations as a func-
tion of altitude. Model results are computed
and compared with nighttime data obtained by
various experimentalists during the 2 to 5
November 1 969 solar proton event.
AD-A010 424/OCP PC A02/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs Hanscom
AFB Mass
An Updated Empirical Density Model for Pre-
dicting Low-Altitude Satellite Ephemerides
Air Force surveys in geophysics
Henry B. Garrett. 19 Mar 75, 23p Rept nos
AFCRL-TR-75-0158, AFCRL-AFSIG-305
Descriptors: "Upper atmosphere, 'Atmospheric
density, 'Atmosphere models, Artificial satel-
lites, Ephemerides, Periodic variations, FOR-
TRAN, Computer programs
Two empirical density models based on drag
analyses of 22 low-perigee satellites are
developed for use in predicting low-altitude
satellite ephemerides. A stepwise multiple
regression analysis is performed with density at
145 km as the dependent variable, and a
number of independent variables chosen to
represent variations with solar cycle, geomag-
netic activity, latitude, season, day of the year,
and time of day Densities between 120 and 500
km are determined from the hydrostatic law in a
simple (but physically realistic) analytic form.
The two models compare very well with the
1971 Jacchia model. The main advantage of
such models is that they represent a major
savings in both computer storage and run time
making possible improvements in operational
systems
AD-A010 647/6CP PC A12/MF A01
Dugway Proving Ground Utah
An Atmospheric Dispersion and Environmen-
tal Prediction Technique
Final rept.
Veil L. Runolfson, and Carl A Bower, Jr May
75, 251p Rept no DPG-FR-M920A
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric circulation,
"Atmosphere models, 'Wind, Air pollution,
Computerized simulation, Computer programs,
FORTRAN
Identifiers: Atmospheric diffusion, FORTRAN 4
programming language.
An Atmospheric Dispersion and Environmental
Prediction Technique in model form was
developed and validated. The model was
developed as a computerized aid to enable
rapid objective analysis and calculation of at-
mospheric trajectories and streamlines on the
mesoscale. Several observational weighting
techniques were investigated to determine a
capability to reconstruct an imposed wind field
pattern from uniform and nonuniform measure-
ments in the wind field. From this, a new
technique was developed for application to
wind interpolation which represented an im-
provement over the Thiessen polygon method.
The developed model provides an adequate in-
terpolated representation of wind fields and at-
mospheric trajectories in real or near-real time
for interpretation of atmospheric pollution and
hazard problems. The model can be pro-
grammed on small programable calculators
with storage capability.
AD-A011 029/6CP Not available NTIS
Rand Computation Center Santa Monica Calif
A RAND Computation Center Reference:
Standard Atmosphere Calculations with JOSS
Gerhard F. Schilling. Oct 74, 15p Rept no. R-
1550/8
Availability: Paper copy available from RAND
Corporation, 1700 Main Street, Santa Monica,
Calif. 90406, PC$1.50.
Descriptors: "Computer programs,
'Atmospheric density, 'Atmospheric tempera-
ture, Computations, Standards, Atmosphere
models.
Identifiers. 'Atmospheric pressure, JOSS pro-
gramming language.
This document describes a simple JOSS pro-
gram that provides the values of temperature,
pressure, and density of the U.S. Standard At-
mosphere at any desired altitude from sea level
to 700 km It can be coupled with other JOSS
programs where such values are needed as
input quantities. For general use, the program
permits the ready construction of model at-
mospheres.
AD-A011 253/2CP PC A08/MF A01
Ballistic Research Labs Aberdeen Proving
Ground Md
Refractive Effects in Remote Sensing of the
Atmosphere with Infrared Transmission
Spectroscopy
Final rept.
Donald ESnider, and Aaron Goldman. Jun 75,
151p Rept no. BRL-1790
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric refraction, 'Air mass
analysis, 'Ray tracing, Tables(Data), At-
mospheric temperature, Atmospheres, Com-
puter programs, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: Remote sensing. Atmospheric com-
position, Atmospheric pressure, FORTRAN 4
programming language.
A ray tracing technique which includes at-
mospheric refraction is used to tabulate the air
mass and the single layer effective temperature
and pressure for a grazing ray from the sun.
Summer and winter atmospheric profiles are
used with observer altitudes ranging from 10 to
50 km in steps of 1 km Zenith angles ranging
from 80 degrees up to 97 degrees are con-
sidered Results indicate that neglecting refrac-
tion in the computation of air mass and effec-
tive pressure can lead to overestimates of these
quantities by up to 25% for aircraft observers,
60% for high altitude balloons, and 200% for
satellite observers.
AD-A011 409/OCP PC A03/MF A01
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(Navy) Monterey Calif
Basic ZOOM Program
Computer programming note
Gerd Wiese. Jan 72, 31p Rept no. EPRF-CP
Note-3
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, 'Computer
programs, Interpolation, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: Numerical weather forecasting,
FORTRAN 63 programming language, ZOOM
computer program.
The numerical hemispheric meteorological and
oceanographic analyses are usually done on a
fixed standard grid. FNWC normally maps the
hemisphere on a 63 x 63 grid. The subroutine
WINDOW selects a window of any desired size,
location, and orientation out of this grid and
zooms it to a wanted size (interpolation in
space). The subroutine ARPOL calculates the
forecast values of a window of any desired size,
location, and orientation, which can be addi-
tionally zoomed to a wanted size, in shorter
time steps than those of the given data
(interpolation in time and space).
AD-A011 416/5CP PC A03/MF A01
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(Navy) Monterey Calif
Program Graphic
Computer programming note
Carol A. Simpson, and David B. Johnson. Nov
73. 40p Rept no. EPRF-CP Note-1 1
Descriptors: 'Wind, "Computer programs,
Curve fitting. Plotting, Minicomputers, Cumu-
lus clouds.
Identifiers: GRAPHIC computer programs, Vari-
an 3100 computers.
Program GRAPHIC plots data generated by the
CUMLIQ cumulus dynamic model. It uses the
FNWC 6500 Varian Plot routines to generate a
file on PLOT (a disc file internal to the FNWC
6500 system) which then drives the Varian
plotter.
AD-A011 931/3CP PC A04/MF A01
Utah State Univ Logan Space Science Lab
Design and Calibration of a Rocket-Borne
Electron Spectrometer
Scientific rept.
Parris C. Neal. Dec 74, 69p HAES-8, Scientific-1,
AFCRL-TR-74-0629
Contract F19628-74-C-0130
Descriptors: 'Electron energy, 'Aurorae, Ex-
perimental design. Calibration, Electron spec-
troscopy, Spectrometers, Rocketborne, Per-
formance(Engineering), Resolution, Computer
programs.
Identifiers: 'Electron spectrometers.
An electron spectrometer was designed,
calibrated and applied in an auroral research
program to measure the electron energy spec-
tra from 100 to 1 500 ev. The approach included
the practical application of theoretical mathe-
matics to design and calibrate the instrument.
Such design and calibration using a digital
computer for fast analysis can be used in the
creation of similar instruments.
AD-A012 002/2CP PC A05/MF A01
Air Force Weapons Lab Kirtland AFB N Mex
Analytic and Numerical Chemistry Algorithms
for the WORRY Code. WORRY Document No.
2
Final rept. 1 Jan 71-15 Jul 74
David W. Goetz, William A. Whitaker, Charles E.
Rag an, and Peter W. Lunn.Jun 75, 99p Rept no.
AFWL-TR-74-204
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric chemistry,
'Algorithms, Nuclear explosions, Nitrogen ox-
ides. Nonlinear differential equations, Reaction
kinetics, Computer programs. Nitrogen, Ox-
ygen, Atmosphere models, Atoms, Ions,
Molecules.
Identifiers: 'Nuclear explosion effects. Reaction
rates.
The WORRY Chemistry Package computes the
nonequilibrium chemical behavior of a parcel
of air in a quiescent or disturbed environment.
Such a computation requires the solution of a
set of nonlinear coupled differential equations
derived from the set of reactions in which the
atomic and molecular species of the parcel par-
ticipate. The Chemistry Package may solve this
set of differential equations by either of two
methods: a standard numerical integration or
an analytic algorithm. The procedures used in
the analytic algorithm are described in detail
and comparisons with the numerical solutions
are shown.
AD-A012 195/4CP PC A04/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs Hanscom
AFB Mass
Atmospheric Density Determination from
Analysis of Doppler Beacon Satellite Data
Special rept.
James N. Bass, Krishin H. Bhavnani, and Isabel
M. Hussey. 1 Apr 75, 60p Rept nos. AFCRL-SR-
191.AFCRL-TR-75-0176
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric density, 'Navigation
satellites, Determination, Radio beacons,
Scientific satellites, Doppler systems, Data
processing, Computer programs, Orbits, Satel-
lite tracking systems.
Identifiers: Doppler beacon satellites, CADNIP
computer program, CELEST computer pro-
gram, DB-7 satellites, DB-8 satellites, DB-9
satellites.
Atmospheric densities are computed from anal-
ysis of Doppler beacon satellite data. Modifica-
tions to Doppler beacon data processing pro-
gram CELEST necessary for this study are
described. Results obtained for satellites DB-
7(6382), DB-8(6727), and DB-9(6928) are found
to be in good agreement with those obtained by
analysis of skin track data for the same satel-
lites using program CADNIP. (Author)
AD-A012 369/5CP PC A03/MF A01
Ocean Data Systems Inc Monterey Calif
Further Development of a 3-7 Day Typhoon
Analog Forecast Model for the Western North
Pacific
Final technical rept.
Warren S. Yogi, James M. Long, and Julius F.
Steuckert. Apr 75, 37p ODSI-674-1 ,
ENVPREDRSCHF-TECH-PAPER-12-75
Contract N66314-74-C-1390
Descriptors: 'Typhoons, 'Hurricane tracking,
'Weather forecasting, 'North Pacific Ocean,
Tropical cyclones. Storms, Mathematical
models. Patterns, Analogs, Regression analy-
sis, Correlation techniques, Computer applica-
tions.
Identifiers: TYFOON 72 computer program,
TYFOON 73 computer program
The report presents the results of an investiga-
tion of typhoon movement forecasting
techniques by computer. The study was accom-
plished in three phases: Upgrading the former
data base of the existing forecast model; ex-
tending the forecast to seven days, and incor-
poration of 500-mb long-wave patterns for
predetermination of forecast track. Recommen-
dations regarding findings are included as part
of the text.
AD-A012 476/8CP PC A07/MF A01
Mission Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
Auroral Simulation Studies. HAES Report No.
6
Topical rept. 1 Jan-30 Sep 74
Douglas H. Archer, and Paul W. Tarr 22 Apr 75,
147p MRG-R-152, DNA-3567T
Contract DNA00f-74-C-0143
See also AD-781 275.
Descriptors: 'Aurorae, "Computerized simula-
tion, Atmospheric physics, Emission spectra,
Atmospheric heave, Electron density, Particle
flux, Brightness, Chemiluminescence, Radi-
ance, Chemical reactions. Nitrogen, Oxygen,
Carbon dioxide, Alaska.
Identifiers: ARCTIC computer code, ICECAP
operation.
This report describes work performed in three
areas of activity: (1) applications of the ARCTIC
code, especially to a study of and comparison
with ICECAP data from an auroral event
recorded near Poker Flat, Alaska on 27 March
1973, (2) study of certain applications of au-
rorally-generated extreme ultraviolet (EUV)
radiation in an auroral environment, and (3) at-
mospheric heave resulting from auroral bom-
bardment.
AD-A012 799/3CP PC A11/MF A01
Coastal Engineering Research Center Fort
Belvoir Va
Verification Study of a Bathystrophic Storm
Surge Model
Technical memo.
George Pararas-Carayannis. May 75, 248p Rept
no.CERC-TM-50
Availability: Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: 'Hurricanes, 'Atmosphere models,
'Computer programs, 'Hydrodynamics, Tropi-
cal cyclones. Floods, Flooding, Mexico Gulf,
North Atlantic Ocean, Coastal regions, Numeri-
cal analysis, Wind velocity, Tides, Ocean bot-
tom, Friction, Stresses, Direction finding,
Mathematical models, Barometric pressure,
Hydrography, Calibration, Comparison,
Weather forecasting, Civil engineering, Data
processing.
Identifiers: Bathystrophic storms. Storm
surges, Hurricane of October 1949, Carla hur-
ricane, Audrey hurricane, Camille hurricane,
Carol hurricane.
A bathystrophic storm surge numerical model
was verified, using data of historical hurricanes
at selected traverses on the Gulf of Mexico and
the east coast, by calibrating coupled' values
of wind and bottom stress coefficients in
hydrodynamic equations for the numerical
computation. These coefficients represented
model calibration constants that included more
than the physical effects of wind and seabed
friction. Surge hydrographs were calculated
and compared with observed or recorded surge
hydrographs of: (a) Hurricane of 1949 at Gal-
veston and Freeport, Texas; (b) Hurricane Carla
at Galveston and Freeport, Texas; (c) Hurricane
Audrey at Eugene Island, Louisiana; (d) Hur-
ricane Camille at Biloxi, Mississippi; and (e)
Hurricane Carol at Narragansett Pier, Rhode
Island. Comparisons were made with theoreti-
cal results for several hypothetical storm surge
problems for which analytical solutions could
be obtained. Although reasonable empirical
solutions were obtained by combining values of
initial rise and of coefficients of bottom friction
and wind stress, the significance, variation and
interdependence of these parameters could not
be determined adequately because of limited
historical data. Extrapolation of empirically
derived wind stress and bottom friction rela-
tionships, as determined from lower wind-
speeds, to extreme probable maximum condi-
tions associated with the synthetic hurricanes,
could not be conclusively verified. Because of
the complexity of the problem, data limitations,
and the variability of different factors entering
the calibration process, correlation for all
historical hurricanes at all traverses was dif-
ficult to obtain.
AD-A013 508/7CP PC E03/MF A01
Oklahoma Univ Norman
Wind Shear - Thermal Wind Relationships on
the Mesoscale
Final rept. 16 Sep 74-31 May 75
Amos Eddy, and Philip A McDonald. May 75,
22pARO-12813.1-R-GS
Grant DAHC04-75-G-0035
Descriptors: 'Wind shear, Atmospheric tem-
perature, Wind, Computer programs.
Meteorological data, Temperature gradients,
Multivariate analysis, Analysis of variance,
Regression analysis, Spatial distribution. Time
dependence, Tables(Data), Atmospheric
sounding, Guided missile ranges, Tropopause,
Jet streams, Atmosphere models, Computer
programs, Mathematical prediction, Data
processing, Digital computers.
Identifiers: Mesometeorology, IBM 370 compu-
ters, 'Thermal winds, Manova computer pro-
gram.
Space-time relationships between the wind and
temperature fields have been examined using
rawinsonde observations taken over White
Sands Missile Range and nearby locations dur-
ing the period 21 August 1973 - 1 March 74. This
required the bringing into operation of mul-
tivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and
regression computer programs. (Author)
AD-A013 624/2CP PC A06/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
A Microprocessor-Based Communications In-
formation System
Robert Harry Ekstrom, and William Henry III
Reinhardt. Jun 75, 109p
Descriptors: 'Weather communications,
'Microcomputers, 'Information systems, 'Naval
operations, Weather forecasting, Communica-
tions networks. Cathode ray tube screens, In-
terfaces, Computer programs, Theses.
Identifiers: 'Microprocessors, File structures,
PL/M programming language.
A functional design of a microprocessor-based
system is proposed as a model for the Naval
Enivronmental Display Station for use by the
Naval Weather Service Environmental
Detachments. The design consists of four
modules: control, communications, storage,
and display. A software program prototype that
simulates many of the proposed functions of
the control module is discussed. The
processing requirements for the communica-
tions module are presented along with a
proposed hardware configuration. The storage
module, based on a floppy disk system, is ex-
plained and its required functions defined. A
display module using an intelligent terminal
and two CRTs is considered. The
microprocessing system was designed to show
not only the power and flexibility of this system,
but also to demonstrate a potential application
of low cost microprocessor technology.
AD-A014 434/5CP PC A07/MF A01
Aeronomy Corp Champaign III
Remote Diagnostics and Correlation Analysis
for Prairie Smoke
Final technical rept Apr 73-Mar 74
S. A. Bowhill, E. K. Walton, and D. R. Ward. Jul
75, 133p RADC-TR-74-182
Contract F30602-73-C-0178, ARPA Order-1423
Rome Air Development Center, Griffiss AFB,
NY.
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric modification. Mag-
netic disturbances, Scintillation, Mathematical
models, Computerized simulation, Scientific
satellites, Computer programs
Identifiers: ISIS- 1 satellite. Remote sensing, F
region. Spread F, Prairie Smoke project.
The disturbed ionospheric region produced by
the Platteville heating transmitter facility was
studied by the use of orbital and geostationary
satellite signals It was found that the modifier
transmitter produces an ellipsoidal disturbed
region with an e-folding radius of about 50 km.
This region is centered at the height of max-
imum of the ionospheric layer and displaced
about 30 km north of the transmitter. The
disturbed region is made up of geomagnetic
field-aligned irregularities, having e-folding
radius normal to the magnetic field of 75 to 400
m (the larger values are at night). They drift with
the neutral wind with velocities of 8 to 25 m/s.
These disturbances cause scintillations as high
as 25 percent in a VHF radio signal transmitted
through it when the line of sight approaches the
direction of the magnetic field.
AD-A014 965/8CP PC A11/MF A01
Kaman Aerospace Corp Bloomfield Conn
Test and Evaluation of a Real-Time Simulated
Transcontinental Supersonic Boomless Flight
System. Volume I. Main Text and Appendix A
Final rept. 16 Nov 73-19 Nov 74
Robert C. Bundgaard. Apr 75, 235p FAA-RD-75-
131-1
Contract DOT-FA74WA-3363
Descriptors: "Supersonic aircraft, 'Supersonic
flight, Sonic boom. Meteorological data, Com-
munications networks. Weather forecasting,
Computer graphics. Computer programs.
Identifiers: "Transcontinental flights,
'Boomless supersonic flight, DOT/4DZ/DA,
DOT/4IZ/IA
In the investigation reported, numerical
methods simulated supersonic flight carried
out in real-time and concurrently at present
time A computer program identifies, acquires,
analyzes and predicts the information needed
in order to plan, fly and verify boomless flight. It
optimizes the cut-off Mach time-gain in trade-
off along with other pertinent necessary con-
siderations now being regularly carried out in
the advanced air operations of today. For com-
munication information in current real-time for
boomless transcontinental flights, the in-
vestigation utilized nationwide networks:
ARINC, UNINET. The program foresees the fu-
ture conditions affecting the cut-off Mach flight
performance in sufficient time for carrying out
reliable preflight planning and for monitoring
the in-flight modifications just ahead of the air-
craft, utilizing the appropriate prediction of at-
mospheric conditions (boom-ahead computer).
AD-A015 542/4CP PC A05/MF A01
Edgewood Arsenal, Aberdeen Proving Ground,
Md
A Mathematical Model for the Atmospheric
Dissemination of Evaporating Aerosol Clouds
(Evaporation Model)
Technical rept Jan-Dec 74
Ronald O. Pennsyle. Aug 75, 85p Rept no ED-
TR-74098
Descriptors 'Atmospheric motion, "Aerosols,
'Computerized simulation, Vapors. Particu-
lates, Transport properties. Mathematical
models. Computer programs, FORTRAN.
Evaporation.
Identifiers: EVAP computer program, FOR-
TRAN 5 programming language. UNIVAC 1108
computers. 'Atmospheric diffusion, Settling.
A mathematical model is presented to describe
the atmospheric transport and diffusion of a
cloud of vapor and/or aerosol particles taking
mlo account the simultaneous evaporation and
settling of the particles The model has been
implemented in the computer program EVAP,
written in FORTRAN V for the Univac 1108. This
report contains complete documentation of the
program, including the computer code listing.
AD-A015 544/OCP PC A03/MF A01
Riverside Research Inst New York
A Study of Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave
Attenuation and Dispersion in the Earth's At-
mosphere
Final technical rept 19 Mar-15 Aug 75
M Greenebaum, and D. Koppel. 15 Aug 75, 45p
Rept no RRI-F-1/306-3-14
Contract DAAH01-74-C-0419, DARPA Order-
2281
Descriptors: "Millimeter waves, "Submillimeter
waves, "Radiation attenuation, "Far infrared
radiation. Atmospheric motion, Molecular
spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Carbon
monoxide, Oxygen, Computer programs,
Mathematical models, Turbulence, Clouds,
Isotopes, Absorption(Physical).
Identifiers: SLAM computer program,
"Atmospheric attenuation. Oxygen 16, Oxygen
18, Attitude.
A summary is presented of new calculations of
atmospheric absorption line parameters and of
a slant-path absorption model (SLAM) intended
for use in the millimeter and submillimeter wave
spectral regions. Results of a literature survey
concerning altitude-dependent attenuation and
dispersion in this spectral region, as well as
weather-dependent scattering and fading
strengths, are also summarized. Recommenda-
tions are given for reducing the uncertainties in
the model predictions. A list of 318 absorption
lines of the molecular oxygen isotopes of prin-
cipal concern in atmospheric transmission
below 300/cm is included, together with their
integrated strengths at 296K, line widths, lower-
state energies, and identifying quantum num-
bers, in the format of the AFCRL Atmospheric
Absorption Line Parameters Compilation.
AD-A015 812/1CP PC A09/MF A01
Radiation Research Associates Inc Fort Worth
Tex
Sky Radiance Calculations in the 0.5
micrometer - 5.0 micrometer Wavelength
Range
Final rept. 1 Feb 74-30 Apr 75
Wolfram G. M. Blattner, and Michael B. Wells.
31 May 75, 188p RRA-T7501 , AFCRL-TR-75-
0317
Contract F19628-74-C-0140
Descriptors: "Sky brightness, "Aerosols, "Air
pollution, Atmospheric scattering. Infrared
spectra, Light transmission, Mathematical
models, Tables(Data), Atmosphere models.
Identifiers: Flash computer program, At-
mospheric attenuation, "Atmospheric emission,
Radiative transfer.
The FLASH Monte Carlo code was modified in
order to allow for the atmospheric emission and
for the emission by the surface of the earth. The
modification includes the consideration of the
newest absorption data available. The FLASH
program was then used for calculations of the
radiances obtained for air-borne detectors at
120, 200, and 35,800 km altitudes.
AD-A015 861/8CP PC A02/MF A01
Danish Meteorological Inst Copenhagen
Geophysical Dept
Ionospheric Research Using Satellites
Interim scientific rept no. 4, 1 Jul 74-30 Jun 75
lb Steen Mikkelsen. 27 Aug 75, 5p AFCRL-TR-
75-0495
Grant AF-AFOSR-2161-72
Descriptors 'Faraday effect, 'Ionosphere,
Rotation, Photoionization, Computer pro-
grams. Greenland, Winter, Maps, Summer,
Contours, Electrons
Identifiers: TEC(Total Electron Content), Total
electron content
ATS-3 Faraday-rotation data gathered at
Narssarssuaq, Greenland, during the period
72/04/20 - 74/06/11 has been analyzed. This
was done by drawing contour-maps of the total
electron content (TEC) with the aid of a com-
puter program. These show the general
changes of TEC with increasing Kp. It is found
that the day-time values of the winter 73-74 are
low compared to the winter of 72-73 and are
possibly a signature of a long time variation of
the solar activity. (Author)
AD-A016 673/6CP PC A03/MF A01
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co Inc Palo Alto
Calif
Ionospheric Effects Induced by Precipitating
Auroral Electrons. HAES Report No. 14
Final rept. 1 Feb 74-1 Feb 75
J. B. Cladis, G. T. Davidson, W. E. Francis, L. L.
Newkirk, and M. Walt. 22 Jul 75, 46p DNA-3648F
Contract DNA01 -74-C-0146
Report on High Altitude Effects Simulation Pro-
gram. See also report dated Jan 74, AD-779 892.
Descriptors: "Ionosphere, "Polar regions, Au-
rorae, Energy, Deposition, Electrons, Heating,
Electron flux, Electron density, Nuclear explo-
sions, High altitude, Ionospheric disturbances.
Identifiers: Ice cap operation, AURORA com-
puter code.
The results of a coordinated experiment con-
ducted in the auroral zone on 8 December 1971
were used to determine whether the AURORA
computer code includes all of the important
processes associated with the precipitation of
electrons in the atmosphere. A precipitating
electron flux was measured with the 1971-089A
satellite simultaneously with ionospheric elec-
tron number-density distribution measure-
ments using the Chatanika incoherent-scatter
radar. The electron density distribution was
compared with the distribution computed by
the AURORA code, using the measured elec-
tron flux as input. The AURORA code was used
to compute energy-deposition profiles in the at-
mosphere due to the precipitation of electrons
released by high-altitude nuclear detonations.
AD-A017 026/6CP PC A07/MF A01
New Mexico State Univ University Park Dept of
Physics
Research in the Area of Atmospheric Model-
ing: High Resolution Atmospheric IR Trans-
mittance Prediction
Report for 1 Oct 74-30 Jun 75
August Miller, Robert L Armstrong , and
Charles W. Welch. 1 Jul 75, 128p Rept no.
NMSU-PHYS-537-75-1
Contract DAAD07-73-C-0134
See also report dated Aug 75, AD-A016 158.
Descriptors. "Laser beams, "Light transmission,
"Aerosols, Atmospheres, Computer programs,
Absorption spectra, Atmosphere models, FOR-
TRAN, Infrared signatures. Target detection, At-
mospheric scattering, Rayleigh scattering, In-
frared lasers, Surface targets
Identifiers: Atmospheric transmissivity, FOR-
TRAN 4 programming language, ATRAN com-
puter program.
An atmospheric IR transmittance prediction
model which includes the effects of high
resolution molecular absorption, certain
molecular continuum absorption, Rayleigh
scattering and single and multiple scattering by
spherical, polydisperse aerosol materials is
summarized The multiple-scattering codes are
discussed in some detail, as are its current
limitations Representative results obtained for
three aerosol models are presented, together
with descriptions of conclusions which may be
drawn from them In addition, the effects on
transmittance of using generalized Voight line
shape profile are discussed Complete Fortran
IV source code listings, as well as UNIVAC 1 108
running instructions are appended.
AD-A017 397/1CP PC A06/MF A01
Riverside Research Inst New York
The Calculation of Millimeter and Submillime-
ter Wave Absorption Line Parameters for the
Molecular Oxygen Isotopes: (16)02,
(16)0(18)0, and (18)02
Technical rept 19 Mar-15Aug 75
M Greenebaum 15 Aug 75, 120p Rept no. RRI-
T-1/306-3-14
Contract DAAH01-74-C-0419. ARPA Order-2281
Descriptors: "Electromagnetic radiation,
'Oxygen, "Microwave spectroscopy,
"Radiofrequency spectroscopy, Attenuation, Al-
titude, Line spectra, Electron transitions, Com-
puter programs.
Identifiers: "Oxygen istopes. Oxygen 18,
"Atmospheric attenuation.
Calculations are described which yield absorp-
tion line parameters for the three isotopes of
molecular oxygen: (16)02, (16)0(18)0, and
(18)02, in the format of the AFCRL Atmospheric
Absorption Line Parameters Compilation. The
line parameters are: transition frequency, in-
tegrated line strength at 296K, line width, lower-
state energy, and identifying quantum num-
bers. These parameters are required as input to
the SLAM program (described elsewhere)
which calculates the attenuation vs. altitude at
any fixed frequency in the millimeter-to-submil-
limeter wave region.
AD-A017 459/9CP PC E12/MF E12
Environmental Research Inst of Michigan Ann
Arbor Infrared and Optics Div
Atmospheric Transmittance and Radiance:
Methods of Calculation
IRIA State-of-the-Art rept.
Anthony J. LaRocca , and Robert E. Turner. Jun
75, 508p Rept no. ERIM-107600-10-T
Contract N00014-74-C-0285, N00014-73-A-
0321-0002
Descriptors: "Light transmission, "Radiative
transfer, "Computations, Absorption(Physical),
Light scattering, Atmospheric chemistry, Water
vapor, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide,
Methane, Ozone, Aerosols, Particles, Mathe-
matical analysis, Integral equations, Mathe-
matical models, Computer programs.
Identifiers: "Atmospheric transmissivity, At-
mospheric attenuation. Atmospheric composi-
tion, Calculations.
The report is broadly divided into the categories
of scattering and absorption, with the greater
stress laid on absorption The first of these is
the so-called line-by-line direct integration
method, which requires a detailed compilation
of the characteristics of individual molecular
lines. The second of the absorption methods of
calculation presented is the band-model
technique. In this method, the line spectrum is
approximated by some mathematically manipu-
latable distribution function with undetermined
band-model parameters. By comparison of cal-
culated results with laboratory experimental
data the parameters are defined, and the band-
model is used for calculating transmittance
under any required meteorological conditions.
The third general set of techniques is given the
heading Multi-Parameter Analytical
Procedures.' These techniques are derived
from the band-model concept, incorporating a
larger number of parameters, with presumably
greater accuracy in the resultant calculations.
The rest of the report is either tutorial or sup-
portive, presenting details of information which
is required as input to the calculation
procedures.
AD-A017 552/1CP PC A05/MF A01
Winzen Research Inc South St Paul Minn
Criteria for Controlling Vertical Motion of
Stratospheric Balloons
Final rept. 2 Aug 74-31 Aug 75
Jean R Nelson. 6 Nov 75, 82p
Contract N00014-75-C-0072
Descriptors: 'Balloons, 'Ascent trajectories,
Turbuleni flow, Laminar flow, Aerodynamic
drag, Diurnal variations, Computer programs,
Meteorological data
Identifiers: 'Vertical motion, RISRATE com-
puter program
A successful scientific balloon flight mission is
dependent upon accurate control of vertical
motion. The scientist wants a rapid ascent to
his altitude of interest, but this desire must be
tempered by avoiding aerodynamic stress
damage to the balloon. Reasonable limits on al-
titude variation caused by temperature fluctua-
tion are desired, so effective management of
ballast is required on zero pressure balloons.
There are also special situations with multiple
altitude requirements that require efficient
management of ballasting and valving for verti-
cal motion control. Empirical equations were
developed by the University of Minnesota
(under contract to ONR and jointly sponsored
by the U.S. Army, Navy and Air Force) before
1960. The night ascent technique frequently
used now also poses a new environment regime
so it was considered necessary to re-evaluate
the vertical motion response using current
computer capabilities.
AD-A017 664/4CP PC A05/MF A01
Colorado Univ Boulder Dept of Computer
Science
Software Tools for Climate Simulation
Final rept.
John M. Gary. 1975, 88p AFOSR-TR-75-1530
Contract ARPA Order-2792, Grant AF-AFOSR-
2732-74
Descriptors: "Climate, "Computerized simula-
tion, Data processing, Computer programs,
FORTRAN, Preprocessing, Vector analysis.
Identifiers: "Climate simulation, Control state-
ments, Hyperbolic equations, Macro preproces-
sors, Software.
The macro preprocessor provides a standard
type of macro replacement with arguments for
FORTRAN programs. Conditional macro ex-
pansion and macrotime arithmetic computation
is included. Structured control statements
(IF. ..THEN..., etc.) are added to FORTRAN. A
preprocessor for FORTRAN containing macro
capability, vector arithmetic, and finite dif-
ference operators was designed, but only par-
tially implemented. A first version of a package
for the solution of hyperbolic-elliptic equations
was implemented, but is not yet documented.
(Author)
AD-A017 734/5CP PC A06/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs Hanscom
AFB Mass
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to 28.5
Microns: Computer Code LOWTRAN 3
Environmental research papers
J. E. A. Selby, and R. A. McClatchey. 7 May 75,
1 10p Rept nos. AFCRL-TR-75-0255, AFCRL-
ERP-513
Descriptors: "Atmosphere models, "Laser
beams, Light transmission, Computer pro-
grams, Radiative transfer, Infrared radiation,
Refraction, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: "Atmospheric transmissivity, At-
mospheric attenuation, LOWTRAN 3 Computer
program, LightfVisible radiation).
A FORTRAN computer program, LOWTRAN 3,
is described for calculating the transmittance of
the atmosphere in the spectral region from 0.25
to 28.5 micrometers at a spectral resolution of
20/cm. The program provides a choice of six at-
mospheric models covering seasonal and
latitudinal variations from sea level to 100 km,
two haze models, and accounts for molecular
absorption, molecular scattering, and aerosol
extinction. Refraction and earth curvature ef-
fects are also included. This program provides
some modifications to the molecular absorp-
tion and aerosol extinction data provided in an
earlier LOWTRAN 2 report. In addition, input
modifications have been made, making the
LOWTRAN 3 program considerably more flexi-
ble in terms of the input of meteorological data.
AD-A018 300/4CP PC A04/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
A Climatology of Marine-Fog Frequencies for
the North Pacific Ocean Summer Fog Season
Master's thesis
Gary Roland Willms. Sep 75. 58p
Descriptors: "Fog, "Marine climatology, "North
Pacific Ocean, Summer, Frequency, Computer
programs, Statistical analysis. Visibility,
Range(Distance), Classification, Synoptic
meteorology, Ships, Data acquisition. Record-
ing systems, Comparison, Weather stations,
Marine meteorology, Weather, Weather
forecasting. Military requirements. Com-
parison.
This study continues the Naval Postgraduate
School's development of a computerized pro-
gram to establish climatological marine-fog
frequencies. In particular, fog related informa-
tion contained in the visibility-weather group
elements of the primary synoptic surface re-
ports is segregated into 39 fog categories.
Representative fog durations for each category
are statistically established from North Pacific
Ocean Weather Station summer-season data at
Ships, P, Q, and S. Climatological frequencies
over the North Pacific Ocean, 30-60N, for the
months of June, July, August and September
are derived from 12 years (1963-74) of OWS and
transient ship observations (about three-
fourths of a million reports). Comparison to
previously published climatological frequen-
cies is made. (Author)
AD-A018 372/3CP PC A04/MF A01
Epsilon Labs Inc Bedford Mass
Balloon Measurements of Stratospheric
Aerosol Size Distribution Following a Volcanic
Dust Incursion
Final rept. 1 Oct 74-31 Aug 75
Henry A. Miranda, Jr, and John Dulchinos. Aug
75, 57p AFCRL-TR-75-0518
Contract F19628-75-C-0004
See also report dated Jul 74, AD-784 866.
Descriptors: "Aerosols, "Stratosphere, Particle
size, Volcanoes, Dust, Cosmic rays. Balloon
equipment, Spectrum analysis, Computer pro-
grams, New Mexico, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: DATRUN computer program.
Stratospheric aerosol size distribution mea-
surements of the volcanic dust layer over
Southeastern New Mexico, obtained on a bal-
loon flight on January 21/22, 1975 several
months following the Fuego volcanic eruption,
are presented and discussed in preliminary
fashion. Altitude profiles of all particles broken
down into a set of contiguous size ranges in-
dicate the presence of a pronounced concen-
tration peak in the 16-21 Km region. Above this
layer a distinct plateau is seen to exist between
22 and 26 Km which appears to be absent at
night This suggests the possibility of sunlight
nucleation effects occurring in this altitude
regime A sunrise nucleation experiment con-
ducted above this plateau region at 28 Km
shows no evidence of nucleation during the
first 1/2 hour following local sunrise. A distinct
altitude-depe. Jent size distribution slope in
the 23-27 Km region which had been observed
on a series of previous flight in May of 1973, ap-
pears to have been shifted to higher altitudes
(26-28 Km) and is somewhat less pronounced
AD-A018 562/9CP PC A06/MF A01
General Dynamics San Diego Calif Electronics
Div
Remote Infrared Atmospheric Profiling
System (RIAPS)
Final rept. 15 Dec 71-31 Dec 74
C. R. Claysmith. Feb 75, 1 10p Rept no. R-75-073
Contract N00014-72-C-01 75
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding, 'Infrared
detectors, 'Radiometers, Far infrared radiation,
Infrared scanning, Atmospheric temperature.
Water vapor, Profiles, Remote systems, Com-
puter programs
The report describes the development of an in-
frared sensor operating in the 11 to 20 micron
region using computerized inversion programs
to yield temperature and water vapor profiles of
the earth's atmosphere up to 6 km. The
development of the sensor system hardware
and software is summarized for the period 1968
through 1973, and given in detail for system
development during 1974. Atmospheric profiles
acquired and processed under various at-
mospheric conditions are presented The
development work is continuing in 1975 under
ONR contract N00014-75-C-0940. (Author)
AD-A018 662/7CP PC A08/MF A01
Digital Programming Services Inc Waltham
Mass
Development and Application of Data
Processing Techniques and Analytic
Procedures to Cloud Physics Data
Final rept. 1 Jul 74-30 Jun 75
Lawrence E. Belsky, Frederic B. Kaplan, and
Paul M. Rodenhiser. 28 Jul 75, 162p AFCRL-TR-
75-0427
Contract F19628-75-C-0043
Descriptors: "Cloud physics, 'Data processing,
'Meteorological data, 'Data reduction, Pattern
recognition. Data acquisition, Airborne, Digital
computers, Real time, Meteorological radar.
Computer programs. Radar reflections, At-
mospheres, Moisture content. Executive rou-
tines.
Identifiers: Airborne data collection, PDP 8E
computer.
This report outlines the data reduction techin-
iques used in processing the meteorological
data collected by the airborne data collection
system. The real time executive system for the
on board PDP 8E computer is also fully ex-
plained. (Author)
AD-A019 110/6CP PCA06/MFA01
H SS Inc Bedford Mass
Auroral Spectrograph Data Reduction System
Final rept. 1 Jul 73-30 Jun 75
Lawrence B. Woolaver. 30 Jun 75. 118p HSSB-
014, AFCRL-TR-75-0360
Contract F19628-73-C-0299
Descriptors: 'Aurorae, "Spectrographs, "Data
reduction, Photographic film, Computer pro-
gramming. Line spectra, Transfer functions,
Airglow, Computer programs. Photographic
processing, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: PATROL computer program,
EDITPS computer program
This report presents a data reduction system for
use with photographic records produced by the
Model 173 Auroral Spectrograph. The system
includes the results of a spectral sensitometric
study designed to overcome the variations in
field processing of the data film. A computer
program is presented which searches the data
base for a selected set of spectral lines and
computes the line radiance for these lines.
AD-A019 344/1CP PC A03/MF A01
Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif
Programming and the Climate Dynamics Pro-
ject
D Cooper, L. Heiser, R. Mobley, A. Nelson, and
D. Pass. Jul 74, 50p Rept no P-5269
Descriptors: "Earth models, 'Ocean models,
'Computerized simulation, "Information
retrieval, 'Climate, 'Digital computers.
Minicomputers, Data bases, Networks, Circula-
tion, Global, Grids(Coordinates), Broadband,
Communication and radio systems, Computer
programs, Marine climatology
Identifiers: 'ARPANET, ILLIAC 4 computers,
MINTZ - Arakawa model
Program-ping for the ARPA funded Climate
Dynamics Project is a mixed bag. The primary
task is modeling the earth's atmosphere and
oceans. The ramifications of that task are often
amazing. They include use of the ILLIAC IV
computer and the ARPA network, extremely
large data bases (50 offline 2314 disk packs at
present, and up to the equivalent of 420 online
2314's in the future), and graphic display
systems. The wide variety of computers
presently used by the project (370/158, 360/91,
PDP-10, B6700 and ILLIAC IV) present nu-
merous problems and languages for program-
mers to contend with. This paper will be an at-
tempt to summarize all of this activity. (Author)
AD-A019 494/4CP PC A06/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Application of a Finite Element Method to the
Barotropic Primitive Equations
Master's thesis
Donald Ernest Hinsman. Sep 75, 1 10p
Descriptors: "Weather forecasting, "Finite ele-
ment analysis. Partial differential equations,
Mathematical models, Finite difference theory,
Analytic functions, Computer programs,
Matrices(Mathematics), Numerical integration,
Theses, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: "Numerical weather forecasting,
Primitive equations, FORTRAN 4 programming
language.
A finite element application to the barotropic
primitive equations is presented including
theoretical development and the model used.
Analytic initial data is generated in order to veri-
fy as well as possible the accuracy of the model.
A comparison of the model with similar finite
difference schemes shows that this finite ele-
ment method exhibits better phase speed
propagation than comparable second and
fourth order finite differencing and is competi-
tive in the size of the allowable time step.
AD-A019 656/8CP PC A03/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs Hanscom
AFB Mass
The Calculation of Riometer Absorption and
an Approximation Connection between
Riometer Absorption and Solar Proton Fluxes
during Nighttime PCA Events
Environmental research papers >
Michael A. Stroscio, and Bach Sellers. 5 Sep 75,
39p Rept nos. AFCRL-TR-75-0469, AFCRL-
ERP-531
Prepared in cooperation with Panametrics, Inc.
Descriptors: 'Polar cap absorption, "Riometers,
Absorption coefficients, Protons, Solar cosmic
rays, Particle flux, Recombination reactions,
Night, Atmospheric physics, Mathematical
models, Atmosphere models, Transport proper-
ties, Diurnal variations, Computer programs.
Ionosphere, Experimental data, Greenland,
Day
In this report, the calculation of riometer ab-
sorption during several PCA events of particu-
lar interest is presented. These calculations are
based on earlier work in which an improved ef-
fective recombination coefficient was derived
and an atmospheric model for (1) each month
of the year, (2) day and night, and (3) 60 deg N
and 90 deg N latitude was presented. In this re-
port, the calculated values of riometer absorp-
tion are presented for 5 PCA events: 2 Nov. 69, 7
Mar. 70, 25 Jan. 71, 2 Sep. 71, and 3 Aug. 72.
The calculated values of riometer absorption
are compared with experimental values mea-
sured for both day and night conditions at
Thule, Greenland An approximate connection
between riometer absorption and the square-
root of the proton flux for nighttime conditions
is presented This relationship, which has previ-
ously been applied only for daytime conditions,
is discussed both on a fundamental level and
on the level of verification by comparison with
experiment. In addition, the basic equation
widely used to calculate riometer absorption is
compared with the original Sen-Wyller result.
AD-A020 045/1CP PC A06/MF A01
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(Navy) Monterey Calif
A Cloud Advection Model
Roland Nagle. May 75, 119p Rept no. EPRF-CP
Note-20
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, "Clouds,
"Meteorological satellites, "Numerical analysis,
"Algorithms, "Computer programs, Mathemati-
cal models, Meteorological data, Subroutines,
Flow charting, Data storage systems.
Identifiers: Satellite weather. Cloud advection
model.
A detailed description of a program which
produces cloud forecasts for periods of 12, 24,
and 36 hours by Quasi-Lagrangian advection is
presented. The principles on which the pro-
gram is based are explained. Detailed presenta-
tions of the logic of each subroutine in the pro-
gram are provided, along with descriptions of
the specific numerical algorithms which are
utilized. Program listings and flow diagrams are
shown. Options for both extended core storage
(ECS) and mass storage versions of the pro-
gram are provided. Listings of both Varian out-
put and for high quality, hard copy, grey-scale
output are presented. Finally, sample output of
the Varian and Muirhead output of the program
are shown. (Author)
AD-A020 301/8CP PC A06/MF A01
Emmanuel Coll Boston Mass
Study of Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in
the Magnetosphere
Final rept. 1 Apr 73-31 Jul 75
William F. Bel lew, Charles J. Cantor, and M.
Patricia Hagan. Nov 75, 121p AFCRL-TR-75-
0588
Contract F19628-73-C-0081
Descriptors: 'Minicomputers, "Computer pro-
grams, "Atmosphere models, "Magnetosphere,
Eigenvectors, Wave propagation, Mag-
netohydrodynamic waves. Magnetic storms,
Polarization, Geomagnetism, Forecasting, Data
acquisition, Real time, Signal processing, Input
output devices. Mass storage, Central
processing units.
Identifiers: Varian 72 computers, Magnetic sub-
storms, Micropulsations.
This report details the specifications of the min-
computer located at AFCRL, which has been in-
stalled for data reception in the MAGAF
(Micropulsation Analysis for Geomagnetic Ac-
tivity Forecasting) network. Further, mathe-
matical analyses of magnetospheric models are
presented, together with computer programs
written to produce theoretical results for an-
ticipated network problems.
AD-A020 458/6CP PC A03/MF A01
Arizona Univ Tucson
Climatic Modeling of the Earth-Atmosphere
System
Final rept. 1 Jul 70-31 Dec 75
William D Sellers. 31 Dec 75, 31p ARO-9077 6-
EN
Contract DAHC04-70-C-0038
Descriptors: "Atmosphere models, "Climate,
'Computer programs, Global, Machine coding.
Atmospheric precipitation, Grids(Coordinates),
Atmospheric temperature. Distribution,
Periodic variations, Oceans, Surface tempera-
ture, Land areas. Hydrology, Cycles, Cloud
cover, Sea ice, Carbon dioxide. Energy levels.
Thermodynamics, Solar radiation, Heat
transfer, Aerosols, Horizontal orientation. Verti-
cal orientation. Earth orbits.
During the course of this research three global
climate models (I, II, and III) have been
developed. The first two are vertically-in-
tegrated and use a grid spacing of 10 deg of
latitude in the north-south direction. Model I
differentiates zonally only between land and
water. Model II uses a zonal grid of 10 deg of
longitude and is the only one of the models to
include a hydrologic cycle and variable cloud
cover. Model III is a two-dimensional zonally-
averaged model with a grid spacing of 7.5 deg
of latitude horizontally and 3 km vertically (10
layers). Each model has its own advantages and
disadvantages. Model I is probably the most
practical to use in studies of climatic change.
The model is fast, requiring very little computer
time, and reproduces the present climate of the
earth quite well. Models II and III should both be
improved considerably before being used in
studies of climatic change. (Author)
AD-A021 213/4CP PC A08/MF A01
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(Navy) Monterey Calif
Objective Analysis Technique in Sigma Coor-
dinates
Technical paper
Dieter Schiessl. Nov 75, 157p Rept no.
ENVPREDRSCHF-tech paper-20-75
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, Atmosphere
models, Wind, Barometric pressure, Mathe-
matical models. Computer programs. Northern
hemisphere.
Identifiers: Numerical weather forecasting,
'Objective weather forecasting, Primitive equa-
tions.
A three-step objective analysis technique for in-
itializing Fleet Numerical Weather Central's
Primitive Equation Forecast Model in the 63x63
Northern Hemisphere Polar Stereographic Grid
is described. In the first step, an analysis is per-
formed at 10 mandatory pressure levels. In the
second step, the mandatory pressure level
heights are transformed into sigma coordinates
by using a mass structure conversion
procedure which describes the physical pro-
perties of an air column through static stability
parameters over defined pressure increments.
In the third step, raw data are converted to
sigma coordinates by an identical procedure
and reanalyzed in sigma coordinates by using
the transformed pressure level analysis as ini-
tial guess. The applied numerical analysis
method is based on the pattern-conserving
analysis technique FIB (Field by Information
Blending) which allows wind and height reports
to be treated as independent information sets
and to be analyzed simultaneously.
AD-A021 524/4CP PC A04/MF A01
Missouri Univ Columbia Information Science
Group
Disease Information System. Ground Tem-
perature Derived from Other Geophysical Ob-
servations
Interim rept.
John A. Spratt, Francis R. Watson, and Donald
A. B. Lindberg. Jan 76, 73p Rept no MOU-IS-
PR-8
Contract DAMD17-74-C-4122
Descriptors: "Diseases, 'Information systems,
'Climate, Schistosomiasis, Predictions, Tem-
perature, Regression analysis, Topographic
maps, Mathematical models, Least squares
method, Computer programs, Mathematical
prediction, Saudi Arabia, Middle East.
Identifiers: Temperature charts, Software.
This paper describes two mathematical
methods for predicting temperatures over a
relatively large area when only a small amount
of actual data is known. Known temperatures
from a few locations are compared with the
physical characteristics of these locations from
data gathered from standard topographic
maps. The topographic data for the unknown
sites is then recorded and a prediction is made
of these site using the data and temperatures
from the known sites. The first method is a
statistical regression analysis which can only
be done with the aid of a large computer. The
second method is a simplified version of the
first which can be implemented on a smaller
machine or by hand if necessary. (Author)
AD-A021 638/2CP PC A05/MF A01
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(Navy) Monterey Calif
A Generalized Version of the Fields by Infor-
mation Blending (FIB) Technique
Byron R. Maxwell. Feb 76, 90p Rept no.
ENVPREDRSCHF-tech note-24
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, 'Numerical
analysis, Wind, Climate, Differential equations.
Computerized simulation, Computer programs,
Atmosphere models.
Identifiers: 'Numerical weather forecasting,
FIB(Fields by Information Blending), Fields by
information blending.
This report describes a generalized version of
the Fields by Information Blending (FIB)
technique for generating a scalar analysis.
Several highly successful versions of the FIB
were developed for operational use at the Fleet
Numerical Weather Central. These versions are
restricted to the analysis of a particular variable
such as sea level pressure, surface winds, or
sea surface temperature on a fixed grid projec-
tion such as the FNWC 63 x 63 polar stereo-
graphic projection. The generalized version
described in the report can be used for the
analysis of any scalar variable on a prescribed
but variable rectangular domain The report in-
cludes a detailed discussion of the underlying
principles of the FIB and a basic evaluation of
this generalized version for some selected test
cases.
AD-A021 772/9CP PC A04/MF A01
Stanford Research Inst Menlo Park Calif
Implementation of the SRI Objective Cloud
Tracking System at NEPRF
Final rept. Jul 74-Sep 75 on Task A
David J Hall, and Daniel E. Wolf. Oct 75, 56p
EPRF-TR-9-75-SRI
Contract N66314-74-C-2350
Descriptors: "Clouds, 'Cloud cover, 'Tracking,
Meteorological satellites, Pictures, Vector anal-
ysis, Clustering, Pattern recognition, Computer
programs. Weather forecasting, Navy.
Identifiers: Satellite pictures, Cloud tracking
systems, Isodata computer program.
This report describes project work for the Naval
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(NEPRF) of the U.S. Navy. The unique SRI Ob-
jective Cloud Tracking System (also known as
ISODATA) has been converted for use on the
EPRF's computer hardware — a NOVA com-
puter. The original programs were written in
FORTRAN for a CDC 6400 computer. The con-
version has been carried out partly by means of
an automatic conversion program and partly by
mutual conversion. The report not only lists the
conversion operations in detail, but also docu-
ments the programs so that future improve-
ments and adaptations to interactive use with
displays can begin from a clear base
AD-A021 786/9CP PC A02/MF A01
Aerospace Corp El Segundo Calif Chemistry
and Physics Lab
Band Model Parameters for the 4.3-rt icrons
Fundamental Band of C02 in the 100-3000 K
Temperature Range
Interim rept.
Stephen J. Young. 19 Feb 76, 23p TR-
0076(6754-03)-1, SAMSO-TR-76-35
Contract F04701-75-C-0076, DARPAOrder-
2843
Descriptors: "Carbon dioxide, 'Band spectra.
Parameters, Spectrum analysis, Infrared spec-
troscopy, Absorption spectra, Computer pro-
grams.
Identifiers: Laboratory tests, Atmospheric at-
tenuation.
A set of band model parameters for C02 in the
4.3-micrometer spectral region and consistent
for the entire temperature range from near-am-
bient atmospheric temperatures (about 200K)
to gas combustion temperatures (about 2500K)
is constructed. This construction is accom-
plished by joining together band model
parameters derived from the AFCRL at-
mospheric absorption line data compilation
(LINAVEC02 parameters) and parameters tabu-
lated in the NASA Handbook of Infrared Radia-
tion from Combustion Gases (NASAC02
parameters). The former set adequately
describes the low-temperature variations of the
parameters, but is inadequate for high-tem-
perature applications. The latter set is suitable
for high-temperature applications, but fails for
low-temperature cases. Examples of the defi-
ciencies of these two sets are presented by
comparison of predicted spectra with experi-
mental absorption and emission spectra for
low- and high-temperature gas samples. The
adequacy of the combined band model
parameter set (COMBC02 parameters) is
demonstrated by comparison with the same ex-
perimental data. Examples of the construction
of the combined set are given, and a tabulation
of the parameter set is included as an Appen-
dix.
AD-A021 907/1CP PC A04/MF A01
Massachusetts Inst of Tech Cambridge Dept of
Meteorology
Application of Satellite Cloud-Motion Vectors
to Hurricane Track Prediction
Alan L. Adams, and Frederick Sanders. Dec 75,
60p Scientific-1, AFCRL-TR-75-0635
Contract F19628-75-C-0059
Descriptors: 'Tropical cyclones, 'Hurricanes,
'Weather forecasting. Radiosondes, Air mass
analysis, Clouds, Motion, Vector analysis,
Meteorological satellites, Pictures, Wind,
Troposphere, Atmospheric motion, Linear
regression analyses
Identifiers: SANBAR computer program.
The representation of the mean tropospheric
flow by satellite-derived cloud-motion vectors
is studied for use in a barotropic hurricane pre-
diction model. The systematic use of these vec-
tors is considered over areas not covered by
rawinsonde data to aid the inital analysis of the
flow pattern. Linear regression analysis is used
to develop equations for the pressure-averaged
tropospheric flow from data at only 1, 2, or 3
levels. The equations are derived from a large
sample of rawinsonde observations, used as
simulated cloud-motion vectors, from the tropi-
cal and subtropical latitudes of the Northern
Hemisphere. The performance of the regres-
sion equations on independent data is con-
sidered, as is the loss of skill when satellite
winds are used in the equations instead of
rawinsonde winds. The satellite data is applied,
in a pilot study, to two operational SANBAR
hurricane forecasts, with inconclusive results
(Author)
AD-A022 268/7CP PC A03/MF A01
Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif
Computations with the Rand Cloud Model for
the HIPLEX Workshop, June 1975
F. W. Murray. Jul 75, 39p Rept no P-5473
Descriptors: 'Artificial precipitation, 'Cloud
physics, "Atmosphere models, Computations,
Computer programs, Nucleation, Two dimen-
sional flow, Vortices, Atmospheric physics.
Wind velocity. Water vapor, Ice, Particles. Mix-
tures, Concentration(Chemistry), Atmospheric
temperature, United States, Feasibility studies,
Radar reflections, Vertical orientation, Pertur-
bations.
The High Plains Cooperative Experiment spon-
sored by the Division of Atmospheric Water
Resource Management of the Bureau of Recla-
mation is a large-scale project to study the
feasibility of augmenting precipitation in the
High Plains region by artificial means. In July
1974 a planning workshop was held in Vail,
Colorado, at which intensive studies of the
requirements for cloud modeling, measure-
ments, and design and evaluation were made.
One recommendation that came from the
modeling sessions was that of the models
developed by the various participants be tested
with the same set of data, and that another
workshop be convened to compare the results
This was done, and the modeling workshop was
held in Denver on 11-13 June 1975. Approxi-
mately 14 participants presented results of their
models. Data for two days, 10 and 17 August
1973, for the St. Louis region from Project
METROMEX were provided. The remainder of
the workshop was devoted to working up
recommendations for observations to be made
during the high Plains Experiment both for ini-
tialization and verification of the model.
AD-A022 317/2CP PC A02/MF A01
Army Electronics Command Fort Monmouth N
J
A Digital Data Acquisition Interface for the
SMS Direct Readout Ground Station - Con-
cept and Preliminary Design
Technical rept
George D. Alexander. Oct 75, 19p Rept no.
ECOM-5577
Descriptors: 'Meteorological satellites,
'Ground stations, 'Data acquisition. Images,
Digital systems, Interfaces, Data processing,
Data storage systems, Information retrieval,
Computer program documentation,
Preprocessing, Synchronous satellites, Read
out techniques, Minicomputers.
Identifiers: Computer software, Design, Digital
processing.
General specifications are generated for hard-
ware and software that will permit retrieval,
preprocessing, and storage of digital
meteorological satellite imagery data that are
presently available to researchers only in
analogue (transparency) format. (Author)
AD-A022 677/9CP PC A06/MF A01
Boston Coll Chestnut Hill Mass Space Data
Analysis Lab
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of the
Upper Atmosphere using Satellite and Rocket
Measurments
Final rept 4 Dec 73-3 Dec 75
Carol I. Foley, Susan H. Delay, and Jeffrey M
Forbes 31 Jan 76, 112p BC-SDAL-76-1 , AFGL-
TR-76-0025
Contract F19628-73-C-0134
Descriptors: 'Upper atmosphere, 'Ionosphere,
'Meteorological phenomena, 'Meteorological
satellites, 'Sounding rockets, D region,
Ephemerides, Protons, Atmospheric density,
Atmospheric chemistry, Ionization, Earth
models, Mathematical prediction, Geopotential,
Computer prog rams
Identifiers: E region, Thermosphere model.
Ionospheric phenomena were studied based on
analyses of satellite and rocket borne instru-
mentation measurements Areas of interest in-
cluded determination of atmospehric number
densities, ionic compostion, ionization produc-
tion rates, and scale heights. Various geopoten-
tial and density models were used to verify
results A three-dimensional numerical model
ot the quiet-time thermosphere was developed
Some of the computer programs written and
developed for these studies are included in this
report. (Author)
AD-A022 678/7CP PC A02/MF A01
Information Design Inc Bedford Mass
Analysis of Chemical Smoke Releases to
Characterize Stratospheric/Thermospheric
Wind Fields
Final rept. 10 Apr-1 Dec 75
Sheldon B. Michaels, Jeffrey S. Morris, and Otis
Philbrick. Jan 76, 10p AFGL-TR-76-0011
Contract F19628-75-C-0146
Descriptors: 'Wind, Smoke, Release, Photo-
grammetry, Triangulation, Position finding,
Computer programs, Man computer interface,
Stratosphere, Thermosphere, Chemicals, Wind
direction indicators, Tracking,
Radius(Measure), Densitometers, Photographic
analysis, Digitizers, Subroutines.
Identifiers. Chemical releases, Smoke trails.
Position data needed for triangulation of smoke
trails was obtained from photographic films
supplied by AFCRL. Interactive computer pro-
grams were developed to locate smoke puff
centers and to estimate Gaussian radii.
AD-A022 975/7CP PC A07/MF A01
Analysis and Computer Systems Inc Burlington
Mass
Development of Numerical Techniques and
Computer Systems for Climatological Iono-
spheric and Microwave Physics Applications
Final rept. 1 Mar 74-31 Dec 75
James F. Atkinson, Harold L. Dolan, Peter W.
Lindstrom, and Kenneth C. Zwirble. Jan 76,
146p AFGL-TR-76-0006
Contract F19628-74-C-0122
Descriptors: 'Climate, 'Meteorology,
'Microwaves, 'Ionosphere, 'Radio astronomy,
Physics, Computer programs. Transducers,
Data processing, Artificial satellites, Solar
physics, Numerical analysis.
Identifiers: Surface acoustic waves, Total elec-
tron content.
During the period of performance, over 60 pro-
grams were completed ranging in complexity
and size from conversion of programs from one
language or computer system to another, to
design and development of a large scale system
operating in a real time environment. The com-
puter programs and numerical techniques
developed under this contract supported AFGL
research projects in such areas as: Climatolo-
gy, Meteorology, Microwave Physics, Iono-
spheric Physics and Radio Astronomy. Some of
these projects are outlined in this report.
AD-A023 078/9CP PC A03/MF A01
Harry Diamond Labs Adelphi Md
Asymptotic Properties of the Mie Coefficients
Technical rept.
DominickAGiglioNov75.41pReptno.HDL-
TR-1733
Descriptors: 'Mie scattering, 'Asymptotic se-
ries, 'Computer programs, "Aerosols, Coeffi-
cients, Computations, Plane waves, Spheres,
Refractive index, Rayleigh scattering.
Identifiers: Mie coefficient. Atmospheric at-
tenuation, Atmospheric transmissivity.
Analytic expressions for the asymptotic forms
of the Mie coefficients are derived. The asymp-
totic regions are defined as those where one of
the dimensionless parameters x or n is much
larger than the other, x being the Mie size
parameter and n the coefficient index The ac-
curacy and range of applicability of the results
is investigated and some important special
cases are treated in detail. The utility of the
results in numerical computations is also
discussed (Author)
AD-A023 183/7CP PC E03/MF A01
Naval Oceanographic Office Washington D C
A Numerical Ice Forecasting System
Reference publication
Donald J. Gerson. Oct 75, 146 Rept no. NOO-
RP-8
Availability: Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: 'Sea ice, 'Ice formation, Forecast-
ing, Mathematical programming, Marine
meteorology, Weather forecasting, Numerical
analysis, Mathematical prediction, Data bases,
Estimates, Meteorological data. Snow, Depth,
Thickness, Atmospheric temperature, Sea
water, Temperature, Ocean surface, Synoptic
meteorology. Computer programs. Flow chart-
ing, Arctic regions. Naval operations.
This forecasting system provides estimates of
current ice thickness and forecasts of ice for-
mation and thickness for 62 locations in the
Arctic. It also provides forecasting aids such as
selected sea surface temperatures, snow
depths, mean daily air temperature trends, and
degree-day accumulations. The observations
are obtained on magnetic tape from the Na-
tional Meteorological Center on a near-real-
time basis. The forecast techniques are statisti-
cal processes based on local climatology. The
system presently is producing outputs on a
daily basis. It is expandable in design so that as
new forecasting methods are developed they
can be integrated into the program. Since the
data base consists of all the world's synoptic
weather observations, the expansion may be
into fields other than ice prediction.
AD-A023 537/4CP PC A08/MF A01
Science Applications Inc Arlington Va
Propagation Modeling and Analysis for High
Energy Lasers
Final rept. Jul 74 -Mar 75
L. N Peckham, P. R. Carlson, R. T. Liner, and C.
W. Wilson. Apr75, 161p Rept no. SAI-74-629-
WA
Contract N60921 -75-C-0007
Descriptors: 'Continuous wave lasers, 'Laser
beams, Wave propagation, Atmospheric win-
dows. Light transmission, Turbulence, Mirrors,
Optical equipment, Apertures, Mathematical
models. Computer programs, Deuterium com-
pounds. Fluorides, Far field, Thermal blooming,
Finite element analysis.
Identifiers: "Atmospheric transmissivity. At-
mospheric attenuation. Deuterium fluoride
lasers, SAICOM computer program.
This report analyzes simplified propagation
codes and recommends improved models for
characterizing the propagation of high energy
CW laser beams. The following are included: A
simplified optical train model; Creation of SA-
ICOM computer program; Molecular absorp-
tion of DF laser radiation.
AD-A023 676/OCP PC A02/MF A01
Naval Environmental Prediction Research
Facility Monterey Calif
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program for the
Southwest Pacific Ocean and Australian Re-
gion
Samson Brand, and Jack W. B lei loch Mar 76.
22p Rept no EPRF-Technical paper-1-76
Descriptors: "Tropical cyclones, 'Computer
programs, 'Weather forecasting, Australia,
South Pacific Ocean, Fleets(Ships), Indian
Ocean, Weather stations, Pacific Ocean Islands
Identifiers: Southeast Indian Ocean, Southwest
Pacific Ocean, Guam, Mariana Islands
A tropical cyclone analog program for the
Southwest Pacific Ocean and Australian areas
(SWPAC75) is described. The program is
statistical computer technique to provide
forecasts of Southwest Pacific Ocean and Aus-
tralian region tropical cyclones from 12-72
10
hours The analog program is discussed in
terms of its operational use at Fleet Weather
Central, Guam, Mariana Islands. (Author)
AD-A024 146/3CP PC A03/MF A01
Minnesota Univ Morris Div of Science and
Mathematics
Ionospheric Chemistry: Comparison of
AIRCHEM Predictions with Results of Labora-
tory Simulations
Final rept.
Merle N. Hirsh. 30 Dec 75, 45p ARO-12145.1-
RTL
Grant DAHC04-74-G-0045
See also report dated Jul 74, AD-785 713.
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, "Aeronomy, Labora-
tory tests, Field tests. Reaction kinetics, Ta-
bles(Data), Graphs, Ionospheric chemistry,
Nitrogen oxides, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Water, Car-
bon dioxide, Ions, Ozone.
Identifiers: 'Atom molecule interactions,
AIRCHEM computer code, Computer applica-
tions.
The AIRCHEM code has been used to calculate
the time evolution of ionic and neutral species
during a 10 raised to the third power-second
bombardment of airlike N2:02 mixtures at p()2
and 5 Torr and 300K by 1-MeV electrons. To test
the sensitivity of the predictions to assumptions
regarding the production rates of specific
atomic and molecular ionic and metastable
species in collisions of energetic electrons with
N2 and 02 molecules, three sets of rates cur-
rently used by aeronomists were employed, as
tabulated below; here Q(X) is the number of X
produced per secondary electron. The im-
portance of Q(N2D) on the buildup of NO and
N02, and on the resulting behavior of 03, is
demonstrated Implications to the ion spectra
are pointed out. Effects of assumed initial con-
centrations of N02 in the 10 raised to -7
through 10 raised to -8 range are noted. Ion
spectra obtained in the laboratory during elec-
tron bombardment of airlike N202 mixtures
containing traces of H20 and C02, at 2 and 5
Torr, were compared with the predictions
based on AIRCHEM Many features of the ion
spectra agree with theory. Thus, the general
ionic composition of the laboratory plasma is as
expected.
AD-A024 311/3CP PC A06/MF A01
Massachusetts Inst of Tech Lexington Lincoln
Lab
Statistics of Global IR Atmospheric Transmis-
sion
Project rept.
Anthony P. Modica, and Herbert Kleiman. 3 Mar
76, 101p TT-7, ESD-TR-76-67
Contract F19628-76-C-0002. ARPA Order-2752
Descriptors: "Light transmission, "Infrared
radiation. Attenuation, Atmospheres, Transmis-
sion loss, Visibility, Humidity, Fog, Haze, Rain,
Ceiling, Atmosphere models, Mathematical pre-
diction, Sea level, Narrowband, Line of sight,
Northern hemisphere, Meteorological data,
Statistical distributions, Seasonal variations,
Geographical distribution, Data bases, Elec-
trooptics, Lasers. Weapon system effective-
ness.
Identifiers LOWTRAN computer program,
HOWLS project, Opaque project, Atmospheric
attenuation, Atmospheric transmissivity
RAND weather data tapes have been used to
obtain statistics of visibility, relative humidity
and cloud ceiling heights for weather stations
throughout the Northern Hemisphere to
generate global probabilities for atmospheric
attenuation in the infrared spectral region. The
present analysis predicts seasonal probabilities
for horizontal sea level transmission losses for
several narrow IR bands (1.0-1 .2), (3.8-4.2), (8.0-
11.5 micrometers) and four laser lines (1 .06),
(3 83). (4'73) and (106 micrometers). The
results also include cloud-free-line-of-sight
probabilities and attenuation losses through
rain. (Author)
AD-A024 393/1CP PC A06/MF A01
Optical Science Consultants Yorba Linda Calif
Predetection Compensated Imaging Theory
Interim rept. 18 Aug 75-15 Feb 76
David L. Fried. Apr 76, 1 10p DR-059, RADC-TR-
76-103
Contract F30602-76-C-0005
Descriptors: 'Optical images, 'Optical detec-
tion, "Light transmission, Wavefronts, Finite
element analysis. Computer programs. Phased
arrays. Atmospheres, Optical instruments, At-
mospheric sounding, Scintillation, Integral
equations. Transfer functions, Apertures.
Identifiers: Atmospheric transmissivity,
Isoplanatism, Atmospheric attenuation, BASIC
programming language.
This report presents results on several subjects
related to predetection compensated imaging.
In Chapter I, it treats the relationship between
noise in phase difference measurements and
the resultant noise in the estimated wavefront.
In Chapter II, results are presented for use in
reduction and interpretation of the AMOS site
characterization measurements. Chapter III
presents results on the subject of intensity
isoplanatism. Chapter IV is concerned with the
accuracy with which the achieved OTF of a
predetection compensated image can be esti-
mated.
AD-A024 721/3CP PC A04/MF A01
Georgia Inst of Tech Atlanta School of
Mechanical Engineering
Geometrical Acoustics Techniques in Far
Field Infrasonic Waveform Syntheses
Scientific rept. no. 2
Allan D. Pierce, and Wayne A Kinney. 7 Mar 76,
69p AFGL-TR-76-0055
Contract F19628-74-C-0065
See also AD-A022 978.
Descriptors: 'Infrasonics, *Ray tracing,
Waveforms, Far field. Acoustic velocity. At-
mospheres, Wave propagation. Computations,
Computer programs, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: Caustics, Airy functions,
"Geometrical acoustics.
The present report is concerned with the
development of a computational model for the
prediction of long range infrasound propaga-
tion in the atmosphere. The computational
model discussed here is one which is partly
based on ray acoustic concepts; it should be
applicable to wave periods less than three
minutes and is intended to complement the
guided mode model of acoustic gravity wave
propagation which has been extensively
discussed in previous reports and papers.
AD-A024 951/6CP PC A09/MF A01
Georgia Inst of Tech Atlanta School of
Mechanical Engineering
Computational Techniques for the Study of
Infrasound Propagation in the Atmosphere
Final rept. 1 5 Oct 73-31 Dec 75
Allan D Pierce, and Wayne A Kinney 13 Mar
76, 187p AFGL-TR-76-0056
Contract F19628-74-C-0065
Descriptors: 'Acoustic waves, 'Atmospheres,
'Wave propagation, 'Computer programs,
'Nuclear explosion damage, Acoustic signa-
tures, Waveforms, Synthesis, Numerical analy-
sis, High frequency
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric acoustics. Nuclear ex-
plosion effects. Infrasonic waveform computer
program
A discussion is given of theoretical studies on
infrasound propagation through the at-
mosphere which were carried out under the
contract. Topics discussed include (1) the
modification and adaptation of a computer pro-
gram for the prediction of pressure signatures
at large distances from nuclear explosions to
include leaking guided modes, (2) the nature of
guided infrasonic modes at higher infrasonic
frequencies and the methods of extending
waveform synthesis procedures to include
higher frequencies, and (3) the propagation of
infrasonic pressure pulses past the antipodes
(over halfway around the globe). Summaries
are included of all papers, theses, and reports
written under the contract and conclusions and
recommendations for future studies are given.
AD-A025 280/9CP PC A03/MF A01
Mission Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
An Examination of the Adequacy of the
Three-Species Air Chemistry Treatment for
the Prediction of Surface-Burst EMP
Topical rept. Apr 74-Dec 75
William A. Radasky. Dec 75, 43p MRC-R-244.
DNA-3880T
Contract DNA001-75-C-0094
Descriptors: "Electromagnetic pulses,
"Mathematical models, "Atmospheric chemis-
try, "Nuclear explosions, Electrons, Ions,
Chemical reactions, Electron density. Gas
ionization, Water vapor, Detonations, Dissocia-
tion, Reaction time, Transport properties. Sur-
face burst.
Identifiers: DCHEM computer code, Lower at-
mosphere.
In the past the calculation of the air conductivi-
ty for use in ground-burst EMP codes has been
accomplished through the solution of a three
species, lumped parameter set of air chemistry
equations. This report examines the adequacy
of this treatment with respect to a more
complete solution of the air chemistry equa-
tions using the DCHEM code. The study is per-
formed for variations in the peak air ionization
rate and the water vapor fraction; possible elec-
tron temperature dependences normally as-
sociated with large electric EMP fields were,
however, neglected in order to narrow the
scope of the effort. The conclusions of this
study indicate that the lumped parametar ap-
proach may be usable, but the coefficients em-
ployed in the past were in error.
AD-A025 675/OCP PC A07/MF A01
Naval Academy Annapolis Md Div of Engineer-
ing and Weapons
The Kinetics of Evolution of Water Vapor
Clusters in Air
Final rept 1964-1975
A. A. Pouring Dec 75, 140p Rept no. EW-3-74
Descriptors: "Water vapor, "Condensation,
'Clustering, 'Nucleation, Kinetics, Air, Super-
sonic nozzles, Metastable state, Supersatura-
tion, Equilibrium(General). Computer pro-
grams, Fortran
The kinetic theory of cluster formation in a con-
densing gas proposed by Buckle (1) attempts to
calculate the course of homogeneous conden-
sation from molecular rather than ther-
modynamic precepts Here it is applied to the
rapid nonequilibrium expansion of atmospheric
water vapor in air A method is established for
demonstrating the validity of this theory,
originally proposed for a mono-molecular gas,
in the case of a complicated species such as
water vapor. Cluster conditions in the tempera-
ture range 210-295 K and the vapor pressure
are calculated throughout the collapse of a su-
persaturated metastable vapor An effective
molecular pair interaction energy and nearest
neighbor coordination number is found based
on the classical zero-point enthalpy of sublima-
tion and by iteration to satisfy initial equilibrium
limiting constraints at 273 K. The internal ener-
gy redistribution frequency results from close
11
matching of the experimental pressure distribu-
tion. A method of determining the cluster size at
which macroscopic properties become relevant
is described; the size is found to be a cluster of
about 122 molecules at 273 K based on a hard
sphere model collision cross section. For the
water vapor dimer an equilibrium constant of 4
x 10 to the -21st power/cc is found at 273 K
compared to 3.1 x 10 to the -21st power/cc ob-
tained from Keyes data. Two models for water
vapor clusters result (from satisfying all con-
straints imposed on the theory) which are given
in terms of number of nearest neighbors, pair
interaction energy per molecule (2.9kcal/mol at
273 K) and possible structure on a cluster by
cluster basis for a classical hard sphere model
and for a model approximating a Pauling type
clathrate. (Author)
AD-A026 456/4CP PC A06/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Transonic Thermal Blooming
Doctoral thesis
Edwin Fenton Carey, Jr. Mar 76, 1 20p
Descriptors: "Laser beams, "Thermal blooming,
'Transonic flow, Atmospheric motion, Heat, In-
tegral equations, Mathematical analysis. Equa-
tions of motion, Graphs, Computer programs,
Algebraic functions, Theses, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric transmissivity, At-
mospheric attenuation, BLOOM computer pro-
gram.
According to the linearized solutions for ther-
mal blooming, the density perturbations
become infinite (i.e. 'catastrophic' defocusing)
as the Mach number approaches unity. How-
ever, the nonlinearities in the transonic equa-
tions cutoff the trend to infinity, and the values
of the flow perturbation quantities are finite.
The nonlinear equations with heat addition are
transformed into simple linear algebraic equa-
tions through the specification of the stream-
line geometry in the heat release region. At a
Mach number of unity, streamtube area varia-
tion was found to be directly proportional to the
change in total temperature. A steady, two-
dimensional mixed flow solution has been
found for the transonic thermal blooming
problem. The solution for the density perturba-
tions within a laser beam at a Mach number of
precisely unity is given.
AD-A026 512/4CP PC A05/MF A01
Utah Univ Salt Lake City Dept of Meteorology
Remote Sensing of Cirrus Cloud Composi-
tions from Satellites
Interim rept.
Kuo-Nan Liou, and Thomas Stoffel. 9 Feb 76,
83p Scientific-1 . AFGL-TR-76-0027
Contract F19628-75-C-0107
Descriptors: 'Infrared detectors, 'Cirrus clouds.
Scientific satellites, Radiative transfer, Infrared
radiation. Thickness, Computer programs, For-
tran, Computations, Surface temperature, Hu-
midity, Moisture content. Ice, Reflectivity, Emis-
sivity, Nonlinear algebraic equations.
Identifiers: Remote sensing. Atmospheric
transmissivity, Atmospheric attenuation
A comprehensive description of the discrete-
ordinate method for the transfer of infrared
radiation in an isothermal cloud layer is
presented Applications of such a method to
non-isothermal, inhomogeneous atmospheres
containing cirrus clouds are carried out and a
listing of the computational code of the infra red
radiation program is given in the Appendix of
this report On the basis of this radiation pro-
gram which allows non-isothermal as well as
non-homogeneous structures of clouds, radia-
tive properties of cirrus clouds are investigated
in the 10 micrometers window region Effects of
non-isothermal structure of cirrus are shown to
be important when its thickness is greater than
about 3 km In addition, we also find that it
seems inappropriate to define an 'emissivity' of
a non-isothermal cloud. Utilizing the concept of
transmissivity derived from radiative transfer
analyses, a retrieval technique is developed for
the determination of the surface temperature,
the cirrus cloud thickness and its transmissivity
at a reference wavenumber and the fraction of
cirrus cloudiness. Error analyses employing cli-
matological data reveal that independent ran-
dom errors in temperature and humidity
profiles introduce insignificant errors in the
four resulting parameters. Based on the
retrieval procedures we illustrate that the verti-
cal ice content may be estimated assuming that
ice particles are randomly oriented in a
horizontal plane. (Author)
AO-A026 703/9CP PC A06/MF A01
Stanford Research Inst Menlo Park Calif
ICECAP '74--Chatanika Radar Results
Topical rept. Mar 74-Dec 75
Paul D. Perreault, and Murray J. Baron. Oct 75,
117pDNA-3871T
Contract DNA001-74-C-0167
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding,
'Ionospheric disturbances, Radar, Aurorae, In-
coherent scattering, Electron density. Ions,
Velocity, Electric fields, Geomagnetism, In-
frared radiation, Plasmas(Physics), Computer
programs.
Identifiers: E region, Chatanika radar, Joule
heating, ICECAP operation, 'Ionosphere.
ICECAP is an auroral measurements program
to acquire geophysical data required for the
formulation and testing of models and predic-
tive computer codes. The models and codes
describe atmospheric ionization, excitation,
and optical emissions in the (Aurorally)
disturbed ionosphere These codes are needed
to assess and evaluate the operation of critical
DoD radar and optical systems in nuclear
disturbed environments. Auroral disturbances
studied in ICECAP are similar to nuclear
disturbances in that both are characterized by
dramatic visual displays, enhanced infrared air-
glows, and enhanced plasma densities result-
ing from the interaction of energetic electronics
with the atmospheric constituents. The general
objectives of ICECAP are: to provide measure-
ments of chemical emission processes occur-
ring in the disturbed atmosphere; to uncover
unsuspected chemical or interactive processes
leading to important infrared radiations; to pro-
vide experimental data against which models
and computer codes can be compared and
evaluated; and to provide data that can be used
to update and improve theoretical models and
predictive computer codes.
AD-A027 155/1CP PC A04/MF A01
Avco Everett Research Lab Inc Everett Mass
Turbulence Characterization and Control
Final technical rept. 1 Feb-15 Oct 75
M. G. Miller, P. L.Zieske, and G. Dryden. Jun 76,
56p RADC-TR-76-189
Contract F30602-75-C-0012, ARPA Order-2646
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric refraction,
'Turbulence, 'Meteorological instruments. At-
mospheric physics, Temperature, Computer
programs, Data reduction, Optical data, Moni-
tors, Photometers, Acoustic equipment,
Micrometeorology, Refractive index,
Meteorological data, Hawaii.
Identifiers: Seeing monitor.
This report covers activities relative to the
characterization of the turbulent environment
at the ARPA Maui Observation Station. Three
areas are discussed. The first deals with the
deployment of various instrumental systems to
be used in the experimental program. These in-
clude micrometeorological sensors, a com-
puter data processing system, and acoustic
Sounder, the NOAA Star Sensor and the
Hughes Seeing Monitor which are all presently
operational
AD-A027 297/1CP PC A04/MF A01
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co Inc Palo Alto
Calif Palo Alto Research Lab
Ionospheric Effects Resulting from Precipitat-
ing Electrons at Mid and High Latitudes
Final rept. 1 Nov 74-30 Jan 76
J. B. Cladis, W. E. Francis, G. T. Davidson, and
M. Walt. 30 Jan 76, 58p LMSC/D500513, DNA-
3884F
Contract DNA001-75-C-0139
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric disturbances, 'Van
Allen radiation belt, 'Electron flux, Electron
scattering, High latitudes, Low energy, Com-
puter programs, Machine coding, Computa-
tions, Nuclear explosions, Explosion effects,
Energy levels, Intensity, Atmospheric physics.
Identifiers: Aurora computer program, Mid
latitudes.
The distributions of electrons resulting from
pitch-angle diffusion due to both wave-particle
interactions at high altitudes and binary colli-
sions in the atmosphere have been determined.
The results seem to be in agreement with
available data, however wave fields which may
be too high are required to fit the data. Some of
the computational routines and cross sections
used in the low-energy (1 eV to 500 eV) portion
of the AURORA code have been improved.
Processes occurring in the disturbed iono-
sphere other than collision and magnetic mir-
roring are inferred by comparing measure-
ments of pitch-angle and energy distributions
of electrons in the auroral zones with distribu-
tions computed with the AURORA code.
(Author)
AD-A027 380/5CP PC A03/MF A01
Calspan Corp Buffalo N Y
Simulation of Marine Advection Fog with the
Calspan Advection Fog Model Using Prog-
nostic Equations for Turbulent Energy
Annual summary rept. no. 4 (Part 2)
Eugene J. Mack, and C. William Rogers. Jun 76,
43p Rept no. CALSPAN-CJ-5756-M-2
Contract N00019-75-C-0508
Report on Project Sea Fog. See also Part 1 , AD-
A027 379.
Descriptors: 'Marine atmospheres, 'Fog,
'Atmosphere models, North Atlantic Ocean,
Coastal regions, Nova Scotia, Radiative
transfer. Temperature, Visibility, Mathematical
models, Computerized simulation. Computer
programs, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: Sea fog project.
Partial contents:
The influence of radiative transfer on fog
development;
The influence of a warming sea surface on
the development of advection fog;
Observations of a marine advection fog;
Numerical simulations of fog formed by
turbulent heat exchange with a cold sea
surface and comparison with
observations.
AD-A027 457/1CP PC A03/MF A01
Air Force Environmental Technical Applica-
tions Center Scott AFB III
A Technique to Specify Liquid Water Content
at a Point in the Atmosphere
Final rept.
Robert G. Feddes. 1 Jun 73, 41p Rept no.
USAFETAC-6988
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere models, "Cloud
physics, Clouds, Moisture content. Meteorolo-
gy, Computerized simulation, Computer pro-
grams.
The liquid water content (LWC) in clouds in a
three dimensional reference system is an im-
portant input parameter for operational
forecast models and for design problems of
systems that operate in the atmosphere. The
12
LWC can be calculated from the cloud's drop-
size distribution. An accurate estimate of
LWC/DSD depends upon knowing the cloud
type, air mass type, ambient temperature, cloud
age, geographical locations, degree of satura-
tion, and the general meteorological condition.
Estimates of these parameters can be obtained
from the global cloud analysis and the 10-level
synoptic parameter analysis data bases which
are produced by the Air-Force Global Weather
Central. A percentage of the maximum LWC
possible for precipitating and non-precipitating
clouds in a layer times the percentage of cloud
coverage yields the LWC for that volume.
AD-A028 858/9CP PC A04/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Pulse Height Analyzer Interfacing and Com-
puter Programming in the Environmental
Laser Propagation Project
Master's thesis
John Robert Plett. Jun 76, 74p
Descriptors: 'Pulse height analyzers, 'Light
transmission, 'Laser beams. Atmospheric
physics, Digital computers, Computer pro-
grams, Interfaces, Boundary layer, Marine at-
mospheres. Scintillation, Extinction, Theses.
Identifiers: HP-9810A computers, Atmospheric
attenuation.
An effective data interface between a Victoreen
PIP-400 pulse-height analyzer and a Hewlett-
Packard 9810A calculator was designed, built,
and tested. A calculator program was written
which enabled a research group studying laser
propagation in the marine boundary layer to
conduct rapid, local processing of scintillation
and extinction data. (Author)
AD-A029 890/1CP PC E03/MF A01
Ballistic Research Labs Aberdeen Proving
Ground Md
Chemistry of Atmospheric Oeionization Out-
side Intermediate-Altitude Fireballs. II. 15-,
20-, and 25-km Altitude
Final rept.
F. E. Niles. Aug 76, 122 Rept no. BRL-1909
See also Rept. no Brl-1730 dated Jul 74, AD-
923 292L.
Descriptors: 'Nuclear fireball, 'Atmospheric
chemistry, 'Computer programs. Nuclear ex-
plosions, Deionization, High altitude. Height of
burst. Gas ionization, Machine coding, Compu-
tations, Stratosphere, Atmospheric density,
Chemical reactions, Yield(Nuclear explosions).
Rates, High intensity, Time series analysis,
Range(Distance).
Identifiers: AIRCHEM computer program,
WEPH D computer program.
Number densities for 59 atmospheric species
during the deionization of the atmosphere out-
side the fireball from a high-yield nuclear burst
at an altitude of 30 km have been calculated
using the AIRCHEM computer code and are re-
ported for altitudes of 15, 20, and 25 km and
horizontal ranges of 0, 1, 5, 10, 20, and 30 km.
Equivalent lumped parameters are calculated
for each decade in time from 1 microsecond to
1000 seconds and compared with the lumped
parameters employed in the WEPH D computer
code. Important reactions at three major inter-
vals of time during atmospheric deionization
are identified (Author)
AD-A030 157/2CP PC A13/MF A01
Ballistic Research Labs Aberdeen Proving
Ground Md
AIRCHEM: A Computational Technique for
Modeling the Chemistry of the Atmosphere
Edna L. Lortie, Mark D. Kregel , and Franklin E.
Niles.. Aug 76, 300p Rept no. BRL-1913
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric chemistry,
'Atmospnere models, 'Computer programs,
Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Deionization, Com-
putations, Differential equations, Concentra-
tion(Chemistry), FORTRAN, Real time, Subrou-
tines, Machine coding, Photochemical reac-
tions, Mathematical models, Photoionization.
Identifiers: AIRCHEM computer program.
Deionization processes thought to describe the
real-time concentrations of ion and neutral
constituents in the ionized stratosphere and
mesosphere can be modeled numerically by a
number of techniques of varying complexity
and efficiency. One very efficient technique for
complex cases is the AIRCHEM computer pro-
gram. The AIRCHEM program utilizes the K-
method for solving the ordinary differential
equations which arise from the mathematical
description of atmospheric deionization
processes, many of which are characterized by
exceedingly short time constants. This report
serves to give the mathematical description of
atmospheric deionization as modeled by
AIRCHEM and also serves as a user's manual
for those interested in using the program. In-
cluded is a complete FORTRAN listing of the
AIRCHEM program along with sample input
and the corresponding output from a sample
run. (Author)
AD-A031 212/4CP PC A06/MF A01
Utah State Univ Logan Electro-Dynamics Lab
A Specular Chamber for Off-Axis Response
Evaluations of High-Rejection Optical Baffling
System
John C. Kemp, and Clair L. Wyatt. 1 Jun 76,
116pScientific-4, AFGL-TR-76-0144
Contract F19628-73-C-0048
See also report dated 30 Jun 74, AD-A004 153.
Descriptors: "Infrared spectrometers, 'Remote
detectors, 'Test equipment, Calibration, Per-
formance(Engineering), Atmospheric scatter-
ing, Radiometers, Rocketborne, Radiance, Ex-
perimental design, Specular reflection, Baffles,
Optical equipment, Instrumentation, Computer
programs.
Identifiers: Remote sensing, Field of view,
'Atmospheric radiance.
A special chamber for measuring the off-axis
response of high-rejection optical baffling
systems was designed and constructed. The
ambient background power level caused by at-
mospheric scattering was reduced by using
high-efficienty particulate filters to remove the
atmospheric aerosols and produce a clean-
room environment. The effects of surface scat-
tering were reduced by using specular surfaces
in a modified cylindrical shape to direct the
scattered radiation away from the baffle en-
trance. Two computer programs were used to
predict the magnitudes of the atmospheric and
surface scattering Measurements which
separated the atmospheric scattering from the
surface scattering were performed. Rayleigh
(molecular) scattering was determined to be the
limiting mechanism in achieving a low
background.
AD-A032 317/OCP PC A06/MF A01
Saint Louis Univ Mo Dept of Earth and At-
mospheric Sciences
Research to Develop Improved Models of Cli-
matology That Will Assist The Meteorologist
in the Timely Operation of the Air Force
Weather Detachments
Addendum to final rept.
Donald E. Martin. 31 Aug 76, 107p AFGL-TR-76-
0248
Contract F19628-74-C-0004
Addendum to Rept. no. AFCRL-TR-75-0447
dated 30 Jun 75, AD-A016 850.
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, 'Computer
programs, Atmosphere models, Climate, Air
Force operations, Computer programming.
Flow charting, Stochastic processes, Weather
stations, Wind direction, Atmospheric tempera-
ture, Dew point
A documentation of the computer programs
which commence with processing the hourly
history tapes for any given station and end up
with climatic forecast aids is presented. The
procedure is as follows: (1) the hourly history
tapes for any given station are stratified by wind
direction; (2) the hourly observations in each of
these respective wind-stratified subsets are
further partitioned according to the latest ob-
served temperature dew-point spread, (3) Type I
and Type II unconditionals are produced for
each subset of 2 above, (4) the products of step
3 are computer smoothed, (5) Type I smoothed
unconditionals are entered on the ordinate and
type II on the abscissa of a Stochastic model to
produce conditional probability estimates, (6)
these conditional probabilities are assessed to
determine the height/distance at which the cu-
mulated conditional probabilities attain a value
of 50%, and (7) the data of steps 5 and 6 are for-
matted.
AD-A032 377/4CP PC A07/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
A Microprogrammable Data Acquisition and
Control System (MIDAS HA) with Application
to Mean Meteorological Data
Master's thesis
John Russell Plunkett. Sep 76, 143p
Descriptors: 'Microcomputers, 'Meteorological
data, Data acquisition. Microprogramming,
Digital systems. Theses, Command and control
systems, Analog to digital converters. Teletype
systems. Computer programs, Input output
processing.
Identifiers: Midas 2A system.
The construction and operation of a fully auto-
mated microprogrammable data acquisition
and control system (MIDAS II A) with application
to the sampling and mean averaging of
meteorological data is reported. MIDAS HA is
designed to automatically collect periodic sam-
ples of various meteorological data in digital
and analog forms, compute mean averages
over selectable time intervals, and produce a
permanent output record of the time averaged
data. The system consists of a microprocessor
based on the Intel Corp. 8008 CPU, a 16-chan-
nel multiplexed analog-to-digital converter, a
digital clock, an incremental digital cassette
tape recorder, numerous meteorological data
sensors, and a teletype for input/output. Details
of system operation and programming are
described. (Author)
AD-A033 465/6CP PC A05/MF A01
Naval Research Lab Washington D C
Computer Codes for Use in Display of Pre-
dicted Scintillation Characteristics and Total
Electron Content
John M Goodman, and Chauncey Myers. Oct
76. 89p Rept no. NRL-MR-3397
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, 'Electron density,
'Ionospheric scintillations, Mathematical
models, Computations.
Identifiers: 'Total electron content.
The Global personality of radiowave charac-
teristics such as amplitude scintillation S4 and
group path delay may be graphically displayed
through use of a plotting code in conjunction
with existing scintillation and electron density
models. The Fremouw-Rino-Pope model is
used for deducing average scintillation at-
trlbutes and the Ching-Chiu Model is used for
deducing average electron density. The former
model is used directly and the latter model is in-
tegrated to obtain the total electron content of
the ionosphere. Since the total electron content
(TEC) is proportional to the group path delay,
plots of TEC are provided in the manuscript in-
stead of the delay characteristic. Examples of
both S4 and TEC are given for various environ-
mental, diurnal, and seasonal conditions.
13
AD-A033 654/5CP PC A05/MF A01
Visidyne Inc Burlington Mass
Analysis of High Altitude Effects Simulation
(HAES)
Rept. for 16 Apr 74-1 5 Apr 75
W. P. Reidy, T. C. Degges, and W. Neal. 1 Feb
76,76p VI-311, Scientific-1, DNA-HAES-40
Contract F19628-74-C-0177
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere models, Electron
density, Computerized simulation, Aurorae, At-
mospheric physics. Infrared spectra, Carbon
dioxide. Ozone, Excitation, Infrared radiation,
Band spectra, Computer programs. Mathemati-
cal prediction, Weapons effects, Radiance,
High altitude, Nuclear explosion simulation. At-
mospheric chemistry. Spatial distribution.
Night.
Identifiers: Electron deposition, ICECAP pro-
ject, EXCEDE project, Spectral radiance, Ener-
gy deposition.
Initial formulation of the analysis of the energy
deposition and the electron density profiles in
an EXCEDE-type experiment are presented. Al-
titude profiles are given for the night time
zenith spectral radiance for C02 bands at 4.3
micrometers and 15 micrometers and for the
ozone band at 9.6 micrometers. Model calcula-
tions of the vibrational population of the first
excited level of the C02 nu sub 3 vibrational
mode are also presented
AD-A034 066/1CP PC A10/MF A01
Logicon Inc Bedford Mass
Analysis and Programming for Research in
Physics of the Upper Atmosphere
Final rept 1 Sep 74-31 Aug 76
James N. Bass, Krishin H. Bhavnani, Ben -Zion
J. Guz, Robert R. Hayes, and Paul N. Houle. 30
Sep 76, 212p AFGL-TR-76-0231
Contract F19628-75-C-0039
Descriptors: 'Upper atmosphere, 'Atmospheric
physics. Computer programs, Ephemerides, At-
mospheric density, Aurorae, Geopotential,
Ionospheric scintillations, Radar signals,
Rocket trajectories. Orbits.
This report describes significant analyses and
computer programming problems performed in
support of Air Force Geophysics Laboratory
scientists. Mathematical and logical
procedures are discussed, and samples of
results are presented. Astronomical ephemeris
programs include solar-lunar and stellar view-
ing information, and special plots.
AD-A034 651/OCP PC A09/MF A01
Texas A and M Research Foundation College
Station
Storm Surge Simulation in Transformed Coor-
dinates. Volume II. Program Documentation
Technical rept.
John J. Wanstrath. Nov 76, 178p CERC-TR-76-
3-Vol-2
Contract DACW72-73-C-0014
See also Volume 2, AD-A034 763.
Descriptors: 'Storms, 'Computer programs,
Surges, Hurricanes, Equations of motion. Wind,
Barometric pressure. Continental shelves, Mex-
ico Gulf, Conformal mapping. Coordinates,
Two dimensional.
Identifiers: Carla Hurricane, Camille Hurricane,
Gracie Hurricane, Atlantic Coast(United States),
Gulf Coast(United States).
A two-dimensional time-dependent numerical
storm surge model using orthogonal curvilinear
coordinates is presented The curvilinear coor-
dinate system is based on a conformal mapping
ot the interior region bounded by the actual
coast, the seaward boundary (taken as the 180-
meter depth contour) and two parallel lateral
boundaries into a rectangle in the image plane.
Three regions of the Continental Shelf of the
Gulf of Mexico and two regions of the eastern
seaboard of the United States are mapped
Since the transformation is conformal, the as-
sociated modifications of the vertically in-
tegrated equations of motion and mass con-
tinuity are minimized. The coast, seaward
boundary, and the lateral boundaries of the
computing grid are straight lines in the image
plane thus facilitating the application of the
boundary conditions. The final coordinates
allow for the greatest resolution near the coast
in a central area of principal storm surge
development and modification. The model is
employed in the simulation of the storm surge
induced by Hurricanes Carla (1961) and Camille
(1969) which crossed the gulf coast of the
United States and Hurricane Gracie (1959)
which crossed the east coast. Analytical in-
terpretations of the wind and atmospheric pres-
sure-forcing functions are used in the compu-
tations. (Author)
AD-A034 763/3CP PC A08/MF A01
Texas A and M Research Foundation College
Station
Storm Surge Simulation in Transformed Coor-
dinates. Volume I. Theory and Application
Technical rept.
John J. Wanstrath, Robert E. Whitaker, Robert
O. Reid, and Andrew C. Vastano. Nov 76, 168p
CERC-TR-76-3-Vol-1
Contract DACW72-73-C-0014
See also Volume 2, AD-A034 651 .
Descriptors: 'Storms, 'Computer programs,
Simulation, Hurricanes, Continental shelves,
Mexico gulf. Equations of motion. Wind,
Barometric pressure, Conformal mapping,
Coordinates, Two dimensional.
Identifiers: Carla Hurricane, Camille Hurricane,
Gracie Hurricane, Storm surges.
This report is published to provide coastal en-
gineers with the results of a study to develop an
operational program for numerical simulation
of storm surges on a given segment of the Con-
tinental Shelf, using a curvilinear coordinate
system. The report consists of two volumes.
This Volume discusses the theory and applica-
tion of the transformation procedure for
generating the curvilinear shelf coordinate
system for particular regions, and the theory,
numerical algorithm, and application of the
storm surge program for simulation of Hur-
ricanes Carla (1961), Camille (1969), and Gracie
(1959). Volume II presents the program docu-
mentation and the coded programs for carrying
out the coordinate transformation (CONFORM),
for establishing the spatial lattice (GRID), and
for carrying out the storm surge calculations on
the shelf (SSURGE). The work was carried out
under the wave mechanics program of the U.S.
Army Coastal Engineering Research Center
(CERC).
AD-A034 847/4CP PC A12/MF A01
Air Force Eastern Test Range Patrick AFB Fla
Atmospheric Electricity and Tethered
Aerostats, Volume I
Final rept. 1 Apr 73-30 Jun 74
Toxey A. Hall. 1 1 May 76, 254p Rept no. AFETR-
TR-76-07-Vol-1
Contract ARPA Order-21 76
Errata sheet inserted. See also Volume 2, AD-
A034 848
Descriptors: 'Balloons, 'Atmospheric electrici-
ty, 'Lightning, Tethering, Lightning arresters.
Protection, Warning systems. Safety, Hazards,
Electrical grounding. Interactions, Predictions,
Mathematical models. Computer programs.
FORTRAN.
Identifiers: 'Lightning protection.
The program was conducted for the purpose of
determining interaction of tethered balloon
systems with atmospheric electricity
(particularly lightning) and identifying feasible
protective systems. After a brief introductory
section math models of effects of tethered bal-
loons on surrounding electrical field are
presented. These models are then compared
with measurements taken during extensive
flight testing. Effects of both well-conducting
and poorly-conducting tethers are shown. Sec-
tion 3 presents a statistical approach to the pre-
diction of lightning strikes to tethered balloons.
Section 4 describes results of an extensive se-
ries of tests wherein balloon tethered samples,
both wire rope and synthetic fiber, are exposed
to simulated lightning currents. Section 5
defines systems and techniques for hardening
balloon and support equipment and protection
of operating personnel. Section 6 and 7 present
conclusions and recommendations oriented
toward tether materials, grounding and shield-
ing systems, warning devices, and operational
concepts.
AD-A035 170/OCP PC A02/MF A01
Naval Environmental Prediction Research
Facility Monterey Calif
Ocean Climatology Extraction and Adjust-
ment Program for the Mediterranean Program
SOVEL
Taivo Laevastu. Jul 73, 24p Rept no. NEPRF-
CP-Note-10
Descriptors: 'Marine climatology,
'Mediterranean Sea, 'Computer programs,
FORTRAN, Surface temperature. Temperature,
Salinity, Gradients, Subroutines, Underwater
sound, Sound transmission.
Identifiers: Sovel computer program, Ocean
temperature.
SOVEL was written as part of the Ocean Ther-
mal Structure Analysis package for Fleet
Weather Central, Rota, Spain. Its primary pur-
pose is to extract the temperature and salinity
levels (by one-degree squares) in desired loca-
tions from an ocean climatology tape. It takes
the corresponding analyzed sea-surface tem-
perature and the mixed layer depth at given lo-
cations which are read from input cards and ad-
justs the upper standard levels to these
parameters. An additional feature of the pro-
gram is the adjustment of the temperature and
salinity gradients below the mixed layer depth.
These gradients can be sharp indeed in the
Mediterranean. Their sharpness varies with
various parameters and seasons and this varia-
tion has been taken directly into consideration
with this program . (Author)
AD-A035 504/OCP PC A03/MF A01
Air Force Geophysics Lab Hanscom AFB Mass
Analysis of Smoke Trail Photographs to
Determine Stratospheric Winds and Shears
Environmental research papers
Antonio F. Quesada, and C. A. Trowbridge. 8
Oct 76, 35p Rept nos. AFGL-TR-76-0243, AFGL-
ERP-580
Descriptors: 'Wind, 'Wind shear, 'Stratosphere,
Smoke, Tracer studies. Atmospheric motion,
Dispersing, Photogrammetry, Triangulation,
Photographic equipment, Computer programs,
Profiles.
Time-lapse photographs of smoke trails
deposited in the stratosphere have been mea-
sured and analyzed to provide data for the
determination of winds and wind shears. Op-
timization techniques were required to define
camera parameters with sufficiently high preci-
sion. In combination with a triangulation pro-
gram that exploits the advantages of vector and
matrix methods, the techniques lead to con-
sistent three-station results that are used to
construct wind profiles with an altitude resolu-
tion of 10 m
AD-A035 765/7CP PC A03/MF A01
Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va
Science and Technology Div
14
Atmospheric Transmission Modeling:
Proposed Aerosol Methodology with Applica-
tion to the Grafenwoehr Atmospheric Optics
Data Base
Final rept.
Robert E. Roberts. Dec 76, 32p P-1 225, IDA/HQ-
76-18603
Contract DAHC15-73-C-0200
Descriptors: "Light transmission, "Atmosphere
models, "Aerosols, "Infrared radiation, 'Infrared
detectors. Infrared images, Extinction, Coeffi-
cients, Mie scattering, Particle size, Electroop-
tics, Meteorological data, Visibility, Models,
Computerized simulation, Data bases.
Identifiers: LOWTRAN Computer programs, At-
mospheric windows, Meteorological instru-
ments. Air pollution detection, Remote sensing.
Optical measurement.
Using Mie calculations for a wide variety of
measured and assumed particle size distribu-
tions, a strong relationship between the total
volume content of the particulate along the
transmission path and the aerosol extinction
coefficient was established. Field measure-
ments, such as those taken at Grafenwoehr,
Federal Republic of Germany, further
established the validity of this relationship.
Both theory and experiment suggest that a
phenomenological scaling of photopic trans-
mission (related to normal meteorological visi-
bility) to the infrared (IR) windows is possible
which furthermore is independent of the struc-
ture or shape of the particle size distribution. A
second important implication is that a simple,
possibly remote measurement of a quantity re-
lated to the volume or mass of the aerosol could
provide a direct measure of the IR transmission
(an IR visibility meter). Such a routine
meteorological measurement would clearly be
of use to sensor performance modeling.
(Author)
AD-A037 395/1CP PC A05/MF A01
Naval Research Lab Washington D C
SSPARAMA: A Nonlinear, Wave Optics Mul-
tipulse (and CW) Steady-State Propagation
Code with Adaptive Coordinates
Final rept.
K. G. Whitney, G. L. Mader, and P. B. Ulrich. 10
Feb 77, 80p Rept no NRL-8074
Availability: Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: 'Laser beams, 'Computer pro-
grams Light pulses, 'Thermal blooming, Con-
tinuous waves, High energy. Computerized
simulation.
Identifiers: 'Nonlinear optics, 'Atmospheric
transmissivity, Atmospheric attenuation.
This report describes the numerical procedures
that are used to calculate the steady-state at-
mospheric propagation and thermal blooming
of either a train of high-energy laser pulses or a
CW beam. The calculation is performed
through the aid of a sequence of coordinate
and variable transformations that enable one to
adapt the scale and location of the transverse
coordinate system to the amount of diffraction
or thermal blooming taking place during beam
propagation. A description is also given of the
input parameters and diagnostics provided in
the calculation along with a listing of the com-
puter program. (Author)
AD-A037 492/6CP PC A06/MF A01
Mcdonnell Douglas Astronautics Co-West
Huntington Beach Calif
Magnetospheric Magnetic Field Modeling
Annual scientific rept.
W. P. Olson, and K. A. Pfitzer. Jan 77, 103p
AFOSR-TR-77-0156
Contract F44620-75-C-0033
Descriptors: 'Magnetosphere, Magnetic fields,
Models, Electric fields, Charged particles,
Coordinates, Diurnal variations, Machine cod-
ing, Computer programs, Transforma-
tions( Mathematics).
Identifiers: Magnetopause, "Geomagnetism.
A quantitative model of the magnetospheric
magnetic field and associated procedures for
accurately cataloging charge particle data out
to and beyond geosynchronous orbit is
developed. The magnetic field model incor-
porates all major magnetospheric current
systems and is valid for all tilt angles; i.e., an-
gles of incidence of the solar wind on the dipole
axis. The model accurately represents the total
magnetospheric magnetic field for conditions
of low magnetic activity and to a geocentric
distance of 15 earth radii or to the mag-
netopause. A new (B, I) coordinate system is
developed to more accurately organize charged
particle data. The electric field produced by the
daily varying tilt angle is computed. (Author)
AD-A038 132/7CP PC A04/MF A01
Stanford Research Inst Menlo Park Calif
Modeling of Transionospheric Radio
Propagation
Final quarterly technical rept. 16 Feb-14 May 75
E. J. Fremouw, and C. L. Rino. Aug 75, 54p
Contract F30602-74-C-0279, ARPA Order-2777
Descriptors: "Ionospheric scintillations, Iono-
spheric models. Radio waves, Geomagnetism,
Scattering, Computer programs, Gaussian
noise. Statistical processes, Global.
Identifiers: "Radio transmission.
This is the final quarterly technical report on a
one-year contract to extend and improve an ex-
isting empirical model for worldwide behavior
of ionospherically imposed radio-wave scintil-
lation. The objectives of the project were (1) to
improve the accuracy of model-based calcula-
tions of the intensity-scintillation index and (2)
to develop a capability for full description (from
the point of view of engineering applications) of
the first-order, complex-signal statistics that
characterize the trans-ionospheric radio com-
munication channel. A follow-on project has
been initiated to extend the channel model to
include second-order signal statistics in the
temporal, spatial, and spectral domains. The
first priority in the follow-on work will be to cal-
culate the fluctuation spectra of relevant signal
parameters. In addition, it is intended to extend
validity of the model into the multiple-scatter
regime.
AD-A038 155/8CP PC A03/MF A01
Naval Surface Weapons Center Dahlgren Lab
Va
A Gravitational Potential for Atmospheric
Earth Tides Caused by the Moon
Final rept.
R. Manrique, and W. Groeger. Nov 76, 26p Rept
no.NSWC/DL-TR-3638
Descriptors: "Atmospheric tides, 'Orbits,
Earth(Planet), Artificial satellites, Gravitational
fields, Potential theory, Perturbations, Ac-
celeration, Moon, Motion, Computer programs,
Equations of motion, Computations.
Identifiers: Terra Equations of motion,
Geopotential
A potential function is presented for the force
by which the atmospheric tide bulge acts on or-
bits of artificial earth satellites. The tidal bulge
is assumed to result from the fact that the earth
rotates within the field of lunar mass attraction,
the latter being inhomogeneous across the ter-
restrial globe. Only the main term of the
semidiurnal tide is considered in this report
The perturbing acceleration associated with the
tide potential is also specified. The latter is in-
tended for use with computer programs for
satellite geodesy. (Author)
AD-A038 263/OCP PC A02/MF A01
Ballistic Research Labs Aberdeen Proving
Ground Md
The Effects of Uncertainties in the Two-Body
Ion-Ion Recombination Coefficient Upon
Computed Ion Distributions in the Strato-
sphere and Mesosphere
Final rept.
Joseph M. Heimerl. Mar77, 18p Rept no. BRL-
1972
Descriptors: "Ion ion interactions,
"Recombination reactions, "Upper atmosphere.
Atmospheric chemistry, Reaction kinetics.
Coefficients, Machine coding, Communication
and radio systems, Very low frequency. Radia-
tion attenuation.
Identifiers: Airchem computer program,
"Mesosphere, "Stratosphere.
A version of the AIRCHEM code (BENCHMARK-
76) has been used to study the sensitivity of the
daytime ionic populations to decade changes in
selected values of the two-body ion-ion recom-
bination rate coefficient over the altitude range
30-80 km, inclusive. At one extreme, computed
ionic populations change by as much as a fac-
tor of two in isolated cases. At the other ex-
treme much smaller changes are computed.
(Author)
AD-A038 299/4CP PC A13/MF A01
Illinois Univ At Urbana-Champaign Dept of
Electrical Engineering
Techniques of Determining Ionospheric
Structure from Oblique Radio Propagation
Measurements
Final rept. Oct 74-Sep 76
N. Narayana Rao, K. C. Yeh, M. Y. Youakim, K.
E. Hoover, and P. Parhami. Dec 76, 282p UILU-
Eng-76-2559, TR-59. RADC-TR-76-401
Contract F19628-75-C-0088
Descriptors: 'Radio transmission, 'Ionosphere,
Ionospheric propagation, Aiming, Backscatter-
ing, Ray tracing. Inversion, Computer applica-
tions, Aspect angle, Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric sounding.
Computer techniques are developed to home
the ray at a specified location with specified ac-
curacy. Several methods have been in-
vestigated whereby oblique radio propagation
data can be used to obtain ionospheric profiles.
In one method the optimum quasiparabolic
layer can be found that is supposed to fit the
given data within a tolerable error. Another
method makes use of the Backus-Gilbert inver-
sion technique. (Author)
AD-A038 399/2CP MF A01
Cramer (H E) Co Inc Salt Lake City Utah
Mixing-Layer Analysis Routine and Trans-
port/Diffusion Application Routine for EPAMS
Final rept.
R. K. Dumbauld, and J. R. Bjorklund. Mar 77,
285pTR-76-106-01, ECOM-77-2
Contract DAAD07-76-C-0023
Availability: Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere models, 'Boundary
layer, 'Air pollution, 'Computer aided diagno-
sis, Mixing, Depth, Layers, Transport proper-
ties, Diffusion coefficient. Predictions, Sen-
sitivity, Computer programs, Automation, Nu-
merical analysis. Wind, Flow fields,
Grids(Coordinates), Flow charting.
This report describes the development of two
subelements of the U.S. Army Experimental
Prototype Automatic Meteorological System
(EPAMS). One of the subelements is a diag-
nostic routine (computer program) for the auto-
matic calculation of the mixing depth, as well as
the wind velocity and other meteorological
parameters in the surface mixing layer, for a
mesoscale calculation grid in complex terrain
The output from this routine is used with the
15
second subelement--a transport/diffusion ap-
plication routinet-to calculate concentra-
tion/dosage fields produced by pollutant emis-
sions from selected sources located within the
calculation grid. A two-layer shallow-fluid nu-
merical model is used in the diagnostic routine
to calculate the mesoscale wind field. The con-
centration/dosage fields calculated by the
transport/diffusion application routine are ob-
tained by solving generalized dispersion
models for both continuous and instantaneous
sources. In addition to descriptions of the
modeling techniques, calculation procedures
and computer program operations, example
solutions for several case studies at White
Sands Missile Range are also presented.
(Author)
AD-A038 869/4CP PC A16/MF A01
Parke Mathematical Labs Inc Carlisle Mass
Analysis and Synthesis of Model lonograms
Using 3D Ray Tracking Techniques
Final rept. Aug 75-Oct 76
Barbara Langworthy, Theodore Barrett, Dean
Bandes, and Lorenzo Calabi. Feb 77, 357p
RADC-TR-77-60
Contract F19628-76-C-0029
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric models, 'Ionospheric
propagation, 'lonograms, 'Ray tracing. Com-
puter programs, Three dimensional, High
frequency, Backscattering, Computerized
simulation, Leading edges, Algorithms,
Subroutines, Digital computers, Data storage
systems. Instruction manuals, Electron density.
Geomagnetism, Sweepfrequency radar, Over
the horizon detection. Polar regions.
Identifiers: Jones-Stephenson ray tracing, User
manuals.
A system of digital computer programs for use
with the Jones-Stephenson ray trace program
is described. Using these programs it is possi-
ble to: (1) Produce complex ionospheres with
simple input techniques; (2) Trace rays through
very large ionospheres by the use of disk
storage and word packing techniques; (3) Cal-
culate power loss due to absorption, spreading,
backscatter, and antenna patterns; (4) Produce
leading edge ionograms, a dominant feature of
full backscatter ionograms; (5) Produce proba-
ble model ionosphere parameters from infor-
mation obtained from the leading edge iono-
grams; and (6) Produce many forms of ray trace
information displays including various synthes-
ized backscatter ionograms. (Author)
AD-A039 535/OCP PC A03/MF A01
Radiation Research Associates Inc Fort Worth
Tex
Solar Infrared Reflection and Infrared Emis-
sion from a Dust Loaded Cloud
Topical rept.
M. B Wells. 6 May 77, 28p RRA-M7701 , AFTAC-
TR-77-14
Presented at the Annual Satellite Diagnostic
Working Group Meeting, Patrick AFB, Fla., 8-10
Feb 77.
Descriptors: 'Infrared detection, 'Dust clouds.
Dust, Deserts, Airborne, Saharan Africa, Solar
radiation, Reflection, Reflectivity, Load dis-
tribution, Cumulus clouds. Scattering, Detec-
tors, Scientific satellites, Detection. Altitude,
Monte Carlo method. Computations, Blackbody
radiation, Computer programs, Atmospheres,
Emission.
Identifiers: Meteorological instruments
This paper presents the results of Monte Carlo
calculations of reflected sunlight and air emis-
sion in the 2.653 micrometers to 2.760
micrometers wavelength band for sa'.ellite-
based detectors viewing a cumulus cloud
loaded with various amounts of Sahara dust
positioned between 14 and 15 km altitude The
results of the calculations showed that the
presence of a dust loading of .00005 cu. cm. of
Sahara dust per m cubic meter of the cloud
probably cannot be detected at that
wavelength. Increasing the dust loading to the
cloud by a factor of 100 or more gave results
that indicated that the presence of the dust
could be determined by the use of reflected
sunlight in the 2.7 micrometers wavelength
band. Mie calculations for both the cloud and
Sahara dust indicates that the best wavelength
for detection of the air emission would be
wavelengths near 10 micrometers. Additional
calculations are in progress for other
wavelengths in the 2 micrometers to 15
micrometers wavelength range.
AD-A040 701/5CP PC A05/MF A01
Air Force Geophysics Lab Hanscom AFB Mass
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to 28.5
Micrometers: Supplement LOWTRAN 3B
(1976)
Environmental research papers
J. E. A. Selby, E. P. Shettle, and R. A.
McClatchey. 1 Nov 76, 77p Rept nos. AFGL-TR-
76-0258. AFGL-ERP-587
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric physics, Radiation
attenuation. Spectral energy distribution, Com-
puter programs, Machine coding, Water vapor,
Atmosphere models. Boundary layer, Aerosols,
Fog, Rural areas, Urban areas, Marine at-
mospheres.
Identifiers: LOWTRAN 3 computer program. At-
mospheric attenuation, 'Atmospheric transmis-
sivity, Ultraviolet detection, 'infrared detection.
This supplement provides several additions and
updates to the LOWTRAN 3 computer code,
which can be used to calculate the trans-
mittance of the atmosphere from the ultraviolet
to the middle infrared portion of the spectrum
(0.25 to 28.5 micrometers) at a spectral resolu-
tion of 20 cm. The major additions are the inclu-
sion of water vapor continuum attenuation in
the 3.5 to 4.2 micrometers region, and a tem-
perature dependence to the H20 continuum at-
tenuation coefficient in both the 4 micrometers
and 10 micrometers regions. The contribution
of foreign gas broadening in the 8-14 microme-
ters region has also been reduced. Four aerosol
models are included in this supplement. These
include three boundary layer aerosol models
for maritime, urban, and rural conditions in the
lower 2 km of the atmosphere, and a tropo-
spheric model for use mainly above 1 or 2 km
altitude. The rural model is a replacement for
the average continental model presently in
LOWTRAN 3. A temporary provision is also
given to accommodate fog conditions when the
visual range falls below 2 km. (Author)
AD-A040 915/1CP PC A04/MF A01
Utah State Univ Logan Electro-Dynamics Lab
Computer-Aided Estimates of the Rotational
Temperatures of 02 in the Mesosphere
Shou-Chi Sue, and Doran J. Baker. Jul 76, 73p
Scientific-5, AFGL-TR-76-0212
Contract F19628-73-C-0048
Descriptors: 'Mesosphere, 'Oxygen, 'Molecular
rotation. Temperature, High latitudes, Hydrox-
ides, Airglow, Band spectra, Infrared spectra,
Computer programs, Molecular energy levels,
Alaska.
Identifiers: Atmospheric chemistry.
Measurements have been made of the apparent
rotational temperature of 02 (b(1 )Sigma(g0)) at-
mospheric (0,1) band emissions. The data were
taken at nighttime in the auroral zone at Poker
Flat, Alaska, on March 1, 1975. The average ap-
parent temperature was 210 k and the zenith
radiance of the band was 500 R (uncorrected
for atmospheric extinction). A comparison
technique was developed to compare the band
shape of the measured band with theoretical
spectra synthesized at different, but specific,
rotational temperatures. Three methods of
comparison were used and it was concluded
that a sum of squares weighting approach is
near optimal for estimating rotational tempera-
tures. The effect of noise was tested by adding
real typical noise to the synthetic model. The
same comparison technique was then applied
to assess the benefits of noise. The uncertainty
of the measurement is estimated to be 5 K. A
'wavelike' fluctuation of the apparent rotational
temperature, with a period on the order of 1/2
to 1 hour, was observed. The fluctuation on this
occasion appeared to covary with the intensity
of the OH airglow emission.
AD-A041 195/9CP PC A08/MF A01
Raytheon Co Sudbury Mass Equipment Div
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar
Interface Adapter. Volume I
Equipment Information rept.
Peter C. Dunham, William Solimeno, Alfred
Bordogna, and Charles Smith. 30 Jan 75, 157p
Reptno.ER75-4084-1
Contract F19628-73-C-0279
See also Volume 2, AD-A041 196.
Descriptors: 'Meteorological radar, 'Data
processing equipment, 'Weather forecasting,
'Minicomputers, 'Display systems, Computer
programs, Interfaces, Adapters, Meteorological
data, Data displays, Resolution, Colors.
This report presents the final configuration of
hardware and software It provides all data
necessary to maintain the equipment. It con-
tains theory of operation, functional descrip-
tions, schematics, and part specifications
(Author)
AD-A041 196/7CP PC A02/MF A01
Raytheon Co Sudbury Mass Equipment Div
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar
Interface Adapter. Volume II
Equipment information rept.
Peter C. Dunham, William Solimeno, Alfred
Bordogna, and Charles Smith. 30 Jan 75, 24p
Rept no. ER75-4084-2
Contract F19628-73-C-0279
See also Volume 1 , AD-A041 1 95.
Descriptors: 'Meteorological radar, 'Data
processing equipment, 'Weather forecasting,
'Minicomputers, "Display systems. Real time.
On line systems. Computer programs, Inter-
faces, Adapters, Meteorological data, Data dis-
plays, Resolution, Colors.
This report contains the information necessary
to operate the Weather Radar Processor and
Display Equipment. (Author)
AD-A042 059/6CP PC A05/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Statistical Diagnostic Modeling of Marine Fog
Using Model Output Parameters
Master's thesis
Brian L Van Orman, and Robert J. Renard. Jun
77, 91 p Rept no. NPS-63Rd77061
Descriptors: 'Fog, 'Atmosphere models,
'Marine meteorology, North Pacific Ocean,
Meteorological data, Weather forecasting, Spa-
tial distribution, Statistical analysis. Computer
programs. Visibility, Mathematical prediction,
Climate, Ocean surface, Synoptic meteorology,
Advection, Linear regression analyses, Diagno-
sis(General), Barometric pressure. Sea level.
Heat flux, Evaporation, Summer, Theses.
Identifiers: 'Marine fog, Sea fog.
Diagnostic model output parameters, provided
by the Fleet Numerical Weather Central, Mon-
terey, Calif (FNWC), and the marine fog
frequency climatology developed at the Naval
Postgraduate School, are statistically
processed in context with marine surface
synoptic ship reports in order to develop a
linear regression scheme to model distribution
of marine fog The study area includes a large
16
section of the North Pacific Ocean (from 30-
60N) at 0000 GMT, 1-30 July 1976. The diag-
nostic capabilities of the regression equations
are analyzed through the use of three verifica-
tion scoring systems. Improvement over cli-
matology and FNWC's operational fog proba-
bility program (FTER), is demonstrated. Selec-
tive mappings of the regression equation out-
puts and categorized observations are inter-
compared with the sea-level pressure analysis;
FTER; and the evaporative heat flux--the most
significant predictor parameter.
AD-A042 263/4CP MF A01
Aerodyne Research Inc Bedford Mass
MRDA - A Medium Resolution Data Analysis
Code for the HP 2100 Computer
Final rept. 26 Mar-31 Dec 76
D. Kryger, and D. Robertson. Jan 77, 89p ARI-
RR-97, AFGL-TR-77-0044
Contract F19628-76-C-0173, ARPA Order-2656
See also Rept. no. AFCRL-TR-73-0096, AD-762
904, and Rept. no. AFCRL-TR-75-0255, AD-
A017 734
Availability: Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: "Atmosphere models, 'Computer
programs, Transmittance, Data reduction,
Minicomputers, Light transmission, Radiative
transfer. Infrared radiation. Radiation attenua-
tion, Resolution.
Identifiers: HP 2100 computers, "Atmospheric
transmissivity. Atmospheric attenuation, MRDA
computer program
This report describes the Medium Resolution
Data Analysis Code (MRDA) which is a com-
puter software code developed to run on the
HP2100 mini-computer at the Air Force
Geophysics Laboratory. The code calculates
the atmosphere transmittance of radiation in
the 1800-6000/cm range. The code can be used
for a variety of paths(horizontal, vertical,
downward, to space, etc). The user has the op-
tion of using either the 1962 U.S. Standard
Model atmosphere or radiosonde data.
Because of size restriction on the HP2100,
MRDA is dividied into seven overlays. The spec-
tral absorption coefficients, which are calcu-
lated from the AFGL compilation of molecular
line parameters (HITRAN), are accessed from a
data tape. The transmittance calculated for
horizontal paths near sea level agree with those
calculated with HITRAN, but MRDA tends to
overestimate the absorption in the neighbor-
hood of strongly absorbing lines. Some recom-
mendations for further upgrading of the code
are given. (Author)
AD-A042 374/9CP PC A05/MF A01
General Electric Co Syracuse N Y Heavy Military
Equipment Dept
An Analysis of Ionospheric Electron Content
Measurements Utilizing Satellite-Emitted
Signals
George H. Millman. Dec 74, 84p Rept no.
R74EMH24
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, 'Electron density.
Scientific satellites, Radio signals, Faraday ef-
fect. Polarization, Doppler effect. Frequency
shift, Rotation, Time dependence, Three dimen-
sional. Geomagnetism, Earth models, Ray trac-
ing, Phase shift, Least squares method,
lonosondes, Computerized simulation, Com-
puter programs.
Analytical techniques are available which make
use of the Faraday polarization rotation and the
Doppler frequency shift phenomena for deter-
mining the ionospheric electron content by the
passive monitoring of radio wave transmissions
emanating from earth satellites. The accuracy
of the various techniques can be evaluated by
the simulator-computer program described in
this report The major components of the simu-
lator consist of a satellite-orbit generator, a
time-variant three-dimensional electron density
model and an earth magnetic field model ex-
pressed in terms of a series of spherical har-
monics. Ray tracings are performed utilizing
Simpson's rule for numerical integration of the
definite integrals defining the propagation
phenomena. Preliminary results are presented
of an analysis performed for one location in the
midlatitudes. (Author)
AD-A042 549/6CP PCA04/MFA01
Air Force Flight Dynamics Lab Wright-Patter-
son AFB Ohio
A Description of the Atmospheric Turbulence
Environment Derived from the Critical At-
mospheric Turbulence (ALLCAT) Program
Final rept. Apr 63-Dec 72
Paul L. Hasty. Apr 77, 66p Rept no. AFFDL-TR-
77-4
Descriptors: "Atmospheric motion,
'Turbulence, "Computer programs, Wind
velocity, Gusts, Criticality, Parametric analysis,
Scaling factors. Power spectra, Density, Avia-
tion safety, Hazards, Flight, Takeoff, Aircraft
landings, Clear air turbulence.
Identifiers: ALLCAT computer program.
This report summarizes the important findings
of the individual projects of the Critical At-
mospheric Turbulence (ALLCAT) Program. The
basic gust parameters are presented for the
various altitude regions. Power spectral densi-
ties are presented and the results of the in-
vestigation are presented in a form useful for
gust design procedures. Scale lengths, turbu-
lence intensity, and percentage of flight time in
turbulence are presented as a function of al-
titude. (Author)
AD-A042 624/7CP MFA01
Westinghouse Defense and Electronic Systems
Center Baltimore Md
HIDE Revised Wavelength Resolution Emis-
sion and Transmission Model
Interim technical rept.
28 Mar74,224p
Contract DAAJ01-72-C-0447
Availability: Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: 'Light transmission, 'Atmosphere
models, 'Infrared signatures, 'Exhaust gases,
Background radiation, Computer programs,
Contrast, Suppression, Masking, Exhaust
plumes, Exhaust pipes, High temperature, In-
frared detection, Range(Distance), Light scat-
tering, Atmospheric physics, Water vapor, Car-
bon dioxide, Emission spectra. Infrared spec-
tra, High resolution. Long path infrared equip-
ment.
Identifiers: 'HIDE computer program. Rocket
exhaust, Infrared detection, Remote sensing,
Atmospheric transmissivity, Atmospheric at-
tenuation.
This report describes the high resolution at-
mospheric transmission and exhaust gas emis-
sion models to be incorporated into the
HIDEfHelicopter infrared detection estimate)
computer model HIDE is intended to predict
the infrared signature of suppressed aircraft
Suppressed', as used here, implies masking of
all hot metal, diluting exhaust plume gases and
reducing body contrast with the background
Attention must be applied to the entire spec-
trum of interest (1-16 microns) and over long
paths (such as 40 air masses for a line of sight
tangent to the horizon). This is because the
signatures of self emitting sources are in-
fluenced by the relatively short intervening
paths and generally dominate some spectral in-
terval. The body contrast signature, however, is
comprised from remote sources (i.e. sun, sky,
albedo, etc.) which traverse long atmospheric
paths to illuminate the target and this signal is
contrasted against a remote background
(horizon, terrain, clouds, etc.) whose radiance
has also been operated on by long path con-
stituents
AD-A042 769/0CP PC A07/MF A01
Radiation Research Associates Inc Fort Worth
Tex
Monte Carlo Studies on the Time-Dependent
Transport of Optical and Infrared Radiation in
the Atmosphere. Volume II. Thermal Radia-
tion Transport
Final rept. 1 Jul 75-30 Sep 76
Dave G. Collins, and Michael B. Wells. 1 Mar 77,
143p RRA-T7608-Vol-2, AFTAC-TR-77-6-Vol-2
Contract F08606-74-C-0011
See also Volume 1 , AD-C010 801 L.
Descriptors: 'Thermal radiation, 'Infrared
radiation, Monte Carlo method, Light, At-
mosphere models, Transport, Absorption, Mie
scattering, Rayleigh scattering, Clouds,
Aerosols, Computer programs. Nuclear explo-
sions.
Identifiers: Polo computer program,
'Atmospheric attenuation. Atmospheric trans-
missivity, Mathematical models.
This report describes modifications that were
made to the POLO procedures to treat infrared
absorption by the gaseous molecules in the at-
mosphere. Also described are the results of stu-
dies performed with the POLO procedure to
compute time-dependent scattered light fluxes
at satellite receivers for (1) 0.4278-, 0.75-, and
1.07-micrometer wavelength anisotropic point
sources; (2) 0.4278-, 0.5-, 0.6-, 0.75-, and 1.07-
micrometer wavelength point isotropic sources
in a 40-km meteorological range atmosphere;
(3) point isotropic sources emitting in the 2.7-
micrometer wavelength band; and (4) point
isotropic 0.4278-, 0.75-, and 1.07-micrometer
wavelength sources in model atmospheres
containing a cloud layer. Three computer codes
are described which were developed for con-
volving the POLO-calculated wavelength- and
time-dependent atmospheric scattering data
with wavelength- and time-dependent source
data for thermal radiation sources. A calcula-
tional method is described that can be used to
compute the Legendre polynomial coefficients
required in discrete ordinates cooes for defin-
ing the phase function for light scattering by
aerosols and cloud particles.
AD-A043 178/3CP MF A01
Naval Research Lab Washington D C
Post Stabilization Ionization Level Predic-
tions. Volume III of the Calendar Year 1975
Annual Report to the Defense Nuclear Agen-
cy
Memorandum rept.
Apr77, 135p Rept no. NRL-MR-3488
Availability: Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: 'Mesosphere, "Nuclear weapon
debris, "Beta particles, 'Gas ionization, Wind,
Nuclear clouds, Satellite communications,
Mathematical models, Solar radiation, Upper
atmosphere, Circulation, Electron density,
Computerized simulation, Computer programs.
Ozone, Stratosphere.
Identifiers: 'Rad iofrequency interference.
Patches of ionized air produced by the passage
through the atmosphere of beta radiation
emitted from nuclear debris clouds pose a
potential threat to satellite communications.
The distribution of the debris and the con-
sequent ionization has been shown to be
strongly a function of the mesospheric wind
fields. Observational data for these wind fields
is shown, upon analysis, to be inadequate for
systems application and theoretical models
have been developed to remedy this. The circu-
lations in the upper atmosphere are driven by
the time-dependent influx cf solar radiation
which is represented by a heating function used
as input to the general circulation models. An
improved heating function has been obtained
and included in the NRL linear model, results
for which are presented Results obtained from
improvements in the NRL program for the simu-
lation of solar tidal influences are also
17
presented. Finally, a computer program for pre-
dicting beta induced electron density distribu-
tions at any time after a nuclear burst is
described. The program is suitably efficient for
systems applications. (Author)
AD-A043 322/7CP PC A06/MF A01
Raytheon Co Wayland Mass
Liquid Water Content Analyzer. Instruction
Manual
Final rept.
J. H.Turner, A. J. Jagodnik, and W. C.
Anderson. Sep 75, 102p ER75-4389, DNA-4129F
Contract DNA001-75-C-0050
Descriptors: "Moisture content, Meteorological
radar. Analyzers, Radiosondes, Computer pro-
grams, Instruction manuals, High altitude, Tele-
type systems, Display systems. Colors, Com-
puter operators, Radar scanning.
Identifiers: 'Liquid water content analyzers.
This manual provides a description of the liquid
water content analyzer software and operator
interaction with the analyzer system.
AD-A043 499/3CP PC A07/MF A01
General Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 14b.
Midlatitude Density Profiles of Selected At-
mospheric Species
Final rept. 2 Mar 74-28 Feb 75
B. F. Myers. 13 Jun 75, 137p DNA-3964F-14b
Contract DNA001-74-C-0182
Prepared in cooperation with Science Applica-
tions, Inc., La Jolla, CA, Rept. no. SAI-75-609-
LJ-2B. See also Volume 16, AD-A043 546.
Descriptors: "Atmospheric chemistry, Nuclear
explosions. Antimissile defense systems,
Radar, Radiation hazards, Atmospheric heave,
Subroutines, Hydrodynamic codes,
Yield(Nuclear explosions), Fallout, Nuclear
radiation, Blackout(Propagation).
Identifiers: "ROSCOE computer program, At-
mospheric density, Oxygen atoms. Nitrogen
atoms. Oxygen, Ozone, Nitrogen oxides, Car-
bon dioxide, Water vapor.
Atmospheric density profiles are presented for
the following species: atomic oxygen, molecu-
lar oxygen in the 1 delta g state, ozone, nitric
oxide, atomic nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide, car-
bon dioxide, and water vapor. The profiles are
intended to represent mean densities at
midlatitudes for noon and midnight conditions.
A review and limited discussion of recent ob-
servations and calculations are given.
AD-A043 546/1CP PC A10/MF A01
General Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 16. High-Al-
titude Neutral-Particle Motion
Final rept. 1 Mar 74-31 Jan 75
Daniel A. Hamlin, Curtis A. Smith, Melvin R.
Schoonover, and Jon Y. Wang. 8 Aug 75, 203p
DNA-3964F-16
Contract DNA001-74-C-0182
Prepared in cooperation with Science Applica-
tions, Inc., La Jolla, CA, Rept. no. SAI-75-609-
LJ-4 See also Volume 17, AD-A043 547.
Descriptors: 'Nuclear explosions, Radar, An-
timissile defense systems, Atmospheric heave,
Radiation hazards, Computerized simulation,
Hydrodynamic codes, Yield(Nuclear explo-
sions), High altitude, Quadrupole moment,
Lagrangian functions. Differential equations,
Blackout(Propagation).
Identifiers: 'Roscoe computer program.
Two preliminary, alternative models of the high-
altitude (h () or 0 90 km) neutral-particle motion
have been adopted for use in ROSCOE. Both
models are one-dimensional spherical Lagran-
gian models and describe the vertical
hydrodynamic motion in each geocentric
column in an array of perhaps 100 such con-
tinuous but independent columns covering the
disturbed region of interest. The models
(SAIHYD, NRLHYD) describe the motion of a set
of either Lagrangian cells or points by using the
method of either difference equations or dif-
ferential quadrature, respectively. Both models
have automatic rezone capability. The geocen-
tric columns defining the geometry for the cal-
culations are described in terms of an arbitrarily
positioned and oriented quadrupole coordinate
system. Each Lagrangian cell or point is
characterized by not only the hydrodynamic
properties but also a set of chemistry quanti-
ties. The chemistry is loosely coupled to the
hydrodynamics. Herein are presented details of
the quadrupole coordinate system, the working
form of the hydrodynamic equations and their
initialization and methods for solution, the
results of a test problem for a large-yield event
at 200-km altitude producing motion in a linear
array of six columns. (Author)
AD-A043 547/9CP PC A06/MF A01
General Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 17. High-Al-
titude Debris-Energy Deposition
Final rept. 1 Mar 74-31 Jan 75
Daniel A. Hamlin, Jon Y. Wang, Melvin R.
Schoonover, and John I. Valeric 22 Sep 75,
125pDNA-3964F-17
Contract DNA001-74-C-0182
Prepared in cooperation with Science Applica-
tions, Inc., La Jolla, CA, Rept. no. SAI-75-609-
LJ-Vol-5. See also Volume 3, AD-A032 640.
Descriptors: "Nuclear explosions, "Ultraviolet
radiation, "Radiation hazards, "Atmospheric
chemistry, Antimissile defense systems, Radar,
Optical detection, X rays. Computerized simula-
tion, Nuclear weapon debris, High altitude,
Subroutines, Computer printouts,
Hydrodynamic codes, Yield(Nuclear explo-
sions), Radiation shielding, Charged particles,
Blackout(Propagation).
Identifiers: Ion leak energy, Charge exchange,
"Roscoe computer program.
Models of the high-altitude debris-energy parti-
tion and deposition have been adopted for use
in ROSCOE. The models for the debris-energy
partition and heavy-particle source spectra in-
corporate the work of Crevier and Kilb for the
loss-cone and ion-leak particles. The deter-
mination of the total (and spectrum of the) UV
portion of the kinetic yield remaining after that
assigned to all the heavy-particle motion is
based on the work of Fajen and Sappenfield.
Representative points in the spatial distribution
function specified for the loss-cone and ion-
leak particles are used as effective source
points through which magnetic field lines are
traced in the downward direction through the
intercepted grid cells in the geocentric quadru-
pole coordinate system. Conventional heavy-
particle range-energy theory is employed along
these paths, without regard to spiralling effects,
to deposit the energy of these heavy particles in
the traversed cells. Charge-exchange particles
are deposited without regard to the magnetic
field. The total heavy-particle energies
deposited by inelastic and by elastic collisions
in each cell are partitioned into various modes
and species which are ultimately made com-
patible with the late-time grid chemistry. The
UV energy groups, as well as the x-ray energy,
are deposited by tracing ray paths (and con-
structing line integrals of relevant species) from
the event point to each cell in the high-altitude
grid treated as a target cell.
AD-A043 786/3CP PC A04/MF A01
Texas Univ At El Paso Dept of Electrical En-
gineering
The Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory
Photodissociation-Radiation Model of the
Middle Atmosphere - A Users Manual
Special rept. no. 11
Jerry L. Collins. Jul 77, 51 p ECOM-77-4
Contract DAAD07-74-0263
Descriptors: "Programming manuals,
"Computerized simulation, "Atmosphere
models, "Photodissociation, Variations, Radia-
tive transfer, Solar radiation, Upper at-
mosphere, Absorption coefficients, Radiation
attenuation, Machine coding, Fortran.
Identifiers: Univac 1 108 computers.
A computer code to calculate time- and al-
titude-dependent photodissociation rates and
transmitted solar flux intensities in the upper
atmosphere has been developed, and is opera-
tional on the UNIVAC 1108 computer system.
This document is presented to demonstrate to
the interested user how to set up and execute
the program. Included is a brief discussion of
the files of absorption coefficients stored in
FASTRAND direct access files and the various
solar flux tape files which are stored in the
Univac 1108 System B Library.
AD-A043 965/3CP PC A06/MF A01
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co Inc Palo Alto
Calif Palo Alto Research Lab
Investigation of Ionospheric Disturbances
Final rept. 15 Apr 76-28 Jan 77
J. B. Cladis, L. L. Newkirk, M. Walt, G. T.
Davidson, and W. E. Francis. 28 Jan 77, 107p
LMSC/D555985, DNA-4225F
Contract DNA001-76-C-0247
Descriptors: "Ionospheric disturbances,
"Radiation effects, Trapping(Charged parti-
cles), Wave propagation, Charged particles,
High altitude, Nuclear explosions. Radio waves,
Radio transmission, Radio interference, Scintil-
lation, Electric fields.
Identifiers: Aurora computer code, Farley-Bu-
neman instability.
Methods are described for solving the diffusion
equation for trapped particles precipitating in
the ionosphere. It is shown that the variation of
the particle distribution with spatial location,
both latitudinal and longitudinal, must be con-
sidered, and that the bounce averaged diffusion
equations are inadequate to treat the loss-cone
distributions. The coupling of precipitating par-
ticles to the ionosphere is described, with appli-
cations of the AURORA doce. Mid-latitude
WIDEBAND observations are described, with a
discussion of interpretations based on trapped
particle precipitation. Recent observations are
described of loss-cone distributions of ions and
electrons which do not fit the simple diffusion
model. It is shown that these observations can
be accounted for by the presence of kilovolt
electric fields aligned with the magnetic field. It
is shown that the ionosphere at large distances
from a high-altitude nuclear explosion may be
unstable to the Farley-Buneman mechanism,
thereby providing a new mechanism for iono-
spheric irregularities. (Author)
AD-A045 090/8CP PC A03/MF A01
Institute for Defense Analyses Arlington Va
Science and Technology Div
Effect of Weather at Hannover, Federal
Republic of Germany, on Performance of
Electrooptical Imaging Systems. The Calcula-
tion Methodology for a FLIR Using a FOR-
TRAN Program
Final rept. Jul 75-Jul 77
Lynne N. Seekamp. Aug 77, 39p N-842, SBIE-
AD-E500-002
Contract DAHC1 5-73-C-0200
Descriptors: 'Forward looWeystems, Fortran,
Weather, Military intelligence. Target detection.
Target recognition, Electrooptics, West Ger-
many, Mathematical models, Night vision
devices.
Identifiers: Lowtran 3 computer program,
"Infrared detection, Hannover(West Germany).
18
This paper documents the computer program
(called Program FUR) to calculate the proba-
bilities of detection and recognition of a target
by an observer using a FLIR sensor. It was writ-
ten to summarize the basic concepts behind the
calculation procedures in Program FLIR and to
outline those procedures. (Author)
AD-A045 725/9CP PC A03/MF A01
Utah Univ Salt Lake City
Negative Molecular Ions
Final rept 15 Jun 74-14 Jun 77
John P.Simons. 17 Aug 77, 32p ARO-12031 .10-
C
Grant DAAG-29-74-G-0221
Descriptors: 'Molecular ions, 'Anions,
"Atmospheric chemistry. Reaction kinetics.
Hydration, Solvation, Ionization, Ligands,
Chemical bonds, Dipoles, Molecular orbitals.
Computations, Computer programs, Perturba-
tion theory, Dimers.
This document look at molecular properties of
some light inorganic anions, and of their
hydrates and some other solvates.
AD-A045 997/4CP PC A03/MF A01
Emmanuel Coll Boston Mass
Calibration of the SSJ/3 Sensor on the OMSP
Satellites
Rept. for 1 Apr-1 Sep 77
Alan Huber, John Pantazis, A. L. Besje, and P.
L. Rothwell. Sep 77. 43p Scientific-2, AFGL-TR-
77-0202
Contract F19628-76-C-0039
Descriptors: 'Electron spectroscopy,
'Electrostatic analyzers, Scientific satellites,
Computer programs. Electron energy, Monte
Carlo method, Signal processing. Calibration,
Tritium, Approximation(Mathematics), Electron
multipliers, Collimators.
Identifiers: DMSP satellites.
The SSJ/3 sensor is designed to measure elec-
trons from 50 eV to 20 keV. This is accom-
plished by using two head assemblies with
common signal processing and voltage
sources. The low-energy head assembly selects
50.0 to 1,000 eV electrons over eight channels
with a normalization factor H 0 0.000043 sq cm-
ster. The high-energy assembly similarly selects
1 00 to 20 0 keV electrons over eight channels
with an H-factor equal to 0.000013 sq cm-ster.
Energy resolution is approximately 10% for an
isotropic incident flux. An electron beam was
used to determine angular and energy
response. These measurements were com-
pared with results from a Monte-Carlo com-
puter code and approximate analytic methods
to determine the final normalizations. (Author)
AD-A046 484/2CP PC A02/MF A01
Massachusetts Inst of Tech Lexington Lincoln
Lab
Automatic Real-Time Extinction Measure-
ment
Project rept.
John M. Sorvari, and Cindy E. Beane. 12 Sep 77,
16p Rept no. ETS-17
Contract F19628-76-C-0002
Descriptors: 'Photometry, 'Atmospheric densi-
ty, Computer programs, Attenuation, Real time,
Artificial satellites. Measurement
Identifiers: Geodss satellite.
No abstract available.
AD-A046 755/5CP PC A02/MF A01
National Aviation Facilities Experimental
Center Atlantic City N J
Executive Summary: New York City Pilots Au-
tomatic Telephone Weather Answering Ser-
vice (PATWAS) Test
Final rept Aug 75-Jul 76
Frank Staiano, and Ephraim Shochet. Oct 77,
14p FAA-NA-77-23, FA/RD-77/80
Descriptors: 'Weather communications,
'Information centers, 'Telephone systems, Per-
formance(Engineering), Operational test and
evaluation, Pilots, Flight testing, Flight paths,
Automatic, Recording systems, Computer pro-
grams. Surveys, Questionnaires, New York
City(New York), Weather.
Identifiers: Pilots Automatic Telephone
Weather Answering Service.
An improved Pilots Automatic Telephone
Weather Answering Service (PATWAS) was
subjected to a year-long test in the New York
City metropolitan area. The improvements con-
sisted primarily of the following: (1) user access
to three route-oriented briefings, (2) an in-
crease in the number of access lines to PAT-
WAS, (3) more frequent updating of informa-
tion, (4) the addition of special early morning
recordings, (5) capability to request
meteorological and aeronautical information
from the Weather Message Switching Center
for incorporation into the PATWAS message,
(6) reduction in the time required for updating,
(7) addition of more meteorological and
aeronautical information to the PATWAS
message, (8) new and more efficient magnetic
tape equipment, (9) installation of an acoustic
enclosure for PATWAS tape recording, and (10)
more efficient organization of the message for-
mat. The purpose of the experiment was to test
and evaluate the new PATWAS products,
schedules, user acceptance, and the effects on
the telephone briefing workload at the flight
service station (FSS).
AD-A047 252/2CP PC A08/MF A01
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co Inc Huntsville
Ala Huntsville Research and Engineering
Center
Verification of Wind Measurement with Mo-
bile Laser Doppler System
Final rept. Jul 75-Nov 76
M. R. Brashears, and W. R. Eberle. Sep 77, 162p
LMSC-HREC-TR-D497071 , TSC-FAA-77-14
Contract DOT-TSC-1098
Descriptors: 'Wind velocity, 'Laser velocime-
ters, Doppler effect, Remote detectors, At-
mospheric circulation, Accuracy, Surface truth.
Anemometers, Algorithms, Data processing,
Validation, Computer programs, Wind shear,
Identification.
Identifiers: Laser Doppler velocimeters,
Meteorological instruments.
The Mobile Atmospheric Unit is a laser Doppler
velocimeter system designed for the remote
measurement of the three components of at-
mospheric wind. The unit was tested to verify
the capability of the system to measure wind
remotely and to evaluate alternative data-
processing algorithms. Remotely measured
wind data are compared with concurrent data
measured by anemometers on a 150-meter
meteorological tower The test program
showed that the laser Doppler velocimeter
system is an accurate instrument for the remote
measurement of winds.
AD-A047 357/9CP PC A04/MF A01
Jet Propulsion Lab Pasadena Calif
Statistical Analysis of NOAA Solar/Weather
Tapes. Program Summary
Final rept.
G Goltz, L. M Kaiser, and H. Weiner. Jun 77,
52p JPL-5040-39, -CGR/DC-19/76
See also AD-A047 356 and AD-A047 542
Descriptors: 'Cloud cover, 'Solar cells,
'Electric batteries, 'Power supplies,
'Navigational aids. Statistical analysis, Com-
puter applications. Meteorological data. Solar
radiation. Geographical distribution, Weather
forecasting. Computer programming, Flow
charting, Feasibility studies.
Identifiers: DSPA computer program
A major mission of the U.S. Coast Guard is the
task of providing and maintaining Maritime
Aids to Navigation. These aids are located on
and near the coastline and inland waters of the
United States and its possessions. A computer
program. Design Synthesis and Performance
Analysis (DSPA), has been developed by the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory to demonstrate the
feasibility of low-cost solar array/battery power
systems for use on flashing lamp buoys. To pro-
vide detailed, realistic temperature, wind, and
solar insolation data for analysis of the flashing
lamp buoy power systems, the two DSPA sup-
port computer program sets: MERGE and STAT
were developed A general description of these
two packages is presented in this program
summary report. The MERGE program set will
enable the Coast Guard to combine tempera-
ture and wind velocity data (NOAA TDF-14
tapes) with solar insolation data (NOAA DECK-
280 tapes) onto a single sequential MERGE file
containing up to 12 years of hourly observa-
tions. This MERGE file can then be used as
direct input to the DSPA program. The STAT
program set will enable a statistical analysis to
be performed of the MERGE data and produce
high or low or mean profiles of the data and/or
do a worst case analysis The STAT output file
consists of a one-year set of hourly statistical
weather data which can be used as input to the
DSPA program.
AD-A047 526/9CP PC A10/MF A01
Visidyne Inc Burlington Mass
Comparison of ICECAP and EXCEDE Rocket
Measurements with Computer Code Predic-
tions
Final rept. 9 Oct 74-30 Dec 76
A. G. Hurd, J. W. Carpenter, T. C. Degges, W. F.
Grieder, and W. P. Reidy 15 Feb 77, 222p VI-
381.DNA-HAES-61
Contract F19628-74-C-0177
See also Rept. no. AFCRL-ERP-466, AD-780
620.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding, 'Aurorae,
'Computerized simulation, Comparison, Emis-
sion spectra. Electron energy. Infrared spectra,
Arctic regions, Radiance, Near infrared radia-
tion, Infrared spectrometers, Rocketborne,
Machine coding.
Identifiers: ICECAP Operation, EXCEDE Pro-
gram, HAES Program.
An analysis is made of rocketborne HAES ex-
periments performed as part of the ICECAP and
EXCEDE II test programs The results are com-
pared to atmospheric emissions from code
modelling. Relationships between auroral elec-
tron spectra and visible aurora have been deter-
mined. Sources of auroral IR are explained.
(Author)
AD-A048 013/7CP MF A01
General Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 14A. Ambient
Atmosphere (Major and Minor Neutral Spe-
cies and Ionosphere)
Final rept. 1 Mar 74-31 Jan 75
Daniel A. Hamlin, and Melvin R Schoonover. 13
Jun 75, 151p DNA-3964F-14A
Contract DNA001-74-C-0182
Prepared in cooperation with Science Applica-
tions, Inc., La Jolla, CA. Rept. no. SAI-75-609-
LJ-2A. See also Volume 14B, AD-A043 499.
Availability: Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric chemistry,
'Atmosphere models. 'Nuclear explosion simu-
lation, Computer programs, Radiation hazards.
Atmospheric heave, Hydrodynamic codes.
Computer programming, Computer applica-
tions, Yield(Nuclear explosions). High altitude,
Instruction manuals, Nitrogen oxides, Oxygen.
Identifiers: ROSCOE computer programs, For-
tran.
19
A preliminary model of the ambient atmosphere
and ionosphere has been adopted for use in
ROSCOE. The model provides at all altitudes all
the needed properties of the neutral at-
mosphere, including a dependence on the solar
cycle and the local (apparent) time for altitudes
above 120 km. Analytic fit-functions to Myers
minor-species data base provide all the minor
neutral species (O, C02, N, NO, H20, 02(1 delta
g), 03, and N02) required by the chemistry
module. Interim electron density profiles and
effective ion production rates serve as the basis
for the ionospheric model. Herein are
presented derivations, flow diagrams, Fortran
listings, and test problems. (Author)
AD-A048 014/5CP PC A03/MF A01
General Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 10. Models of
Ion Leak and Loss Cone Patches
Final rept.
W. F. Crevier, and R. W. Kilb. 16 Dec 74. 36p
DNA-3964F-10
Contract DNA001-74-C-0182
Prepared in cooperation with Mission Research
Corp., Santa Barbara, CA. Rept. no. MRC-R-
157. See also Volume 14A, AD-A048 013.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric physics, 'Nuclear
explosion simulation, Computer programming.
Nuclear energy levels. Losses, Radiation
hazards, Hydrodynamic codes, Subroutines,
High altitude, Yield(Nuclear explosions), Input
output processing.
Identifiers: ROSCOE computer program.
This report presents simple models suitable for
use in systems analysis codes of those two of
the several possible energy loss mechanisms
from high altitude nuclear bursts referred to as
the LOSS CONE and the ION LEAK. The LOSS
CONE represents the escape of debris into the
narrow cone of angles parallel to the magnetic
field in which the Larmor coupling theory is
either inapplicable or partially fails. The ION
LEAK represents the loss of energy due to ions
that at any stage receive a velocity component
parallel to the field that is sufficient to allow
them to escape along that direction. (Author)
AO-A048 067/3CP PC A03/MF A01
Office of Telecommunications Boulder Colo
Inst for Telecommunication Sciences
EHF Transfer and Shielding Properties of Air
(Summary of 1974-1977 Activities)
Final rept.
H.J. Liebe, and G. G. Gimmestad. Oct 77, 33p
OT/ITS-910, ARO-12233.8-GS
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric physics, 'Clear air
turbulence, Ultrahigh frequency, Shielding,
Transfer functions, Microwave spectroscopy,
Oxygen, Resonators, Spectrometers,
Radiofrequency pulses, Paths, Transmission
loss. Mathematical models, Computer pro-
grams, Data bases, Experimental data,
Bibliographies
The microwave spectrum of oxygen (02 -MS)
was investigated with a pressure-scanning
dual-resonator spectrometer between 53 and
64 GHz and with a nonresonant cavity spec-
trometer at 119 GHz under simulated at-
mospheric conditions This summary is in-
tended as a wrap-up and guide to the various
outputs covering three main topics: new spec-
troscopic measurement technique; extensive
02 -MS laboratory studies; and engineering
formulation and modeling of clear air
(molecular) EHF radio path transfer properties.
(Author)
AD-A048 481/6CP PC A07/MF A01
Regis Coll Weston Mass
A Generalized Computer Program for Primi-
tive-Equation Models
Rept for 1 Oct 76-30 May 77
Thomas J. Leonard, and Jack C. Mettauer. 30
May 77, 146p SCIENTIFIC-1 , AFGL-TR-77-0183
Contract F19628-77-C-0010
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric circulation,
'Computer programs, 'Atmosphere models,
Numerical integration, Mathematical predic-
tion, Diagnosis(General), Global, Subroutines,
Data storage systems. Buffer storage, Time,
Savings, Flow charting.
Identifiers: Primitive equations.
This program is an attempt at a large scale,
multi-level general circulation model of the at-
mosphere. The original conception was to im-
plement a very flexible program. The major pro-
grams are: INITE (Since a typical problem will
require more storage than can be ac-
comodated, this program parcels the data and
codes information as to how it is partitioned.);
GEX (A solution program to step the fields
ahead in time); and DISPLY (This program dis-
plays the various fields which have been saved
from the GEX run.) (Author)
AD-A048 564/9CP PC A12/MF A01
Sperry Research Center Sudbury Mass
Development of Cloud/Fog Analysis and Ap-
plication Subroutines for Experimental Proto-
type Automatic Meteorological System
(EPAMS)
Final technical rept.
B. R. Fow.and W. D. Mount. Nov75,261p Rept
no. SCRC-CR-75-17
Contract DAAD07-74-C-0251
Descriptors: 'Cloud cover, 'Computer pro-
grams, Fog, Subroutines, Meteorological data,
Real time, Automatic, Teletype systems, Data
processing, Systems analysis, Flow charting,
Weather communications, Weather forecast-
ing, Field conditions, Data reduction. Clouds,
Communications networks, Tactical data
systems, Tactical reconnaissance, Army opera-
tions, Field army, Fortran.
Identifiers: CFAS system.
This report describes a computer software
system called the Cloud/Fog Analysis system
(CFAS), which was designed to be a subsystem
of the U. S. Army's Experimental Prototype Au-
tomatic Meteorological System (EPAMS). The
function of the CFAS is to create and maintain
information on cloud cover, fog and weather in
near real-time on a mesoscale grid network
covering a given geographical area. The data
sources which the CFAS uses include teletype
network transmissions of surface and upper air
observations and cloud cover prognostications.
State of the art techniques in automated
meteorological data analysis were adapted and
utilized in the CFAS. An overall system descrip-
tion as well as detailed descriptions of its com-
ponent modules, principally via the medium of
annotated flow diagrams, are presented.
(Author)
AO-A048 603/5CP PC A04/MF A01
National Severe Storms Lab Norman Okla
Application of Doppler Weather Radar to Tur-
bulence Measurements Which Affect Aircraft
Final rept.
J. T. Lee. Mar 77, 52p NSSL-1 , FAA/RD-77/145
Contract DOT-FA74WAI-495
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric motion,
'Turbulence, "Meteorological radar, Thun-
derstorms, Doppler radar, Meteorological data,
Display systems, Vortices, Wind shear, Wind
velocity, Real time, Aviation safety, Tornadoes,
Flight maneuvers. Flight paths, Signal
processing, Radar signals, Jet fighters. Flight
recorders, Computer programs, Spectrum anal-
ysis.
Identifiers: F-100 aircraft, F-101 aircraft, F-4 air-
craft.
Analysis of thunderstorm turbulence hazardous
to aircraft operation and coordinated Doppler
radar observations indicate a high potential for
Doppler radar utilization particularly the mean
velocity spectrum breadth observations in
defining severe turbulence areas. The mean
Velocity Processor (MVP, the first real-time dis-
play of Doppler radar data) and the Multi-mo-
ment Ling Display (MMD), both developed at
NSSL, are utilized with the radars to study vor-
tex motion, turbulence, and wind shear areas.
In addition, the Plan Shear Indicator (PSI)
developed by the Air Force Cambridge
Research Laboratory (AFCRL) was also em-
ployed. A number of severe convective storms
were penetrated by an instrumented aircraft
directed into areas which analysis inferred to be
turbulent. Aircraft recorded turbulence and
concurrent Doppler data are compared. Utiliza-
tion of the spectrum breadth calculated from
the mean velocity data as a turbulence signa-
ture is discussed. Vortex motion signature is
also defined. (Author)
AD-A049 019/3CP PC A03/MF A01
Naval Oceanographic Office Washington D C
The Naval Oceanographic Office Numerical
Ice Forecasting System Operations Manual
Technical note
Lester B. Owens, Jr, and Donald J. Gerson. Nov
74, 27p Rept no. NOO-TN-6150-33-74
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, 'Ice forma-
tion. Diurnal variations. Computer programs,
Data processing, Instruction manuals, Oceano-
graphic data, Meteorological data.
Identifiers: 'Sea ice. Numerical weather
forecasting.
Standard computer deck set-ups and data
tapes of the Numerical Ice Prediction System
are specified for each day of the week. Methods
for temperature forecast inputs, limits changes,
expanded charts and temperature regime
reversals are given. (Author)
AD-A049 066/4CP PC A07/MF A01
Mission Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
Auroral Simulation Effects
Final rept. 1 Nov 75-31 Mar 77
Douglas H. Archer, and Paul W. Tarr. 31 Mar 77,
130p MRC-R-313, DNA-HAES-62, AD-E300-039
Contract DNA001-76-C-0138
Descriptors: 'Aurorae, 'Nuclear explosion
simulation, Comparison, High altitude. Near in-
frared radiation, Rocketborne, Sounding
rockets. Experimental data, Data reduction,
Mathematical models. Machine coding, Elec-
tron energy, Energy transfer. Radiance, At-
mosphere models, Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Icecap operation, ARCTIC com-
puter program, AURORAL computer program,
HAES program, Energy deposition.
This report describes the continuing and con-
cluding work related to analyses of ICECAP
data with emphasis on short wavelength in-
frared radiation in the auroral environment. A
brief description of some satellite-communica-
tions related work is also included. Data from
two auroral events, taken by ICECAP rockets IC
519.07-B and IC 507.11-2A, were analyzed and
compared with results from computer calcula-
tions These comparisons, along with those
from earlier studies, are used to draw conclu-
sions and recommendations related to IR
modeling in the nuclear environment. A new
and more accurate procedure for calculating
electron temperatures was devised and incor-
porated into the auroral code ARCTIC. The
results were used, along with ion mass spec-
trometer measurements in an aurora, to infer
enhanced values for the NO concentration.
(Author)
AO-A049 448/4CP PC A03/MF A01
Naval Research Lab Washington D C
20
Comparison of the 3-5 Micrometer and 8-12
Micrometer Regions for Advanced Thermal
Imaging Systems: LOWTRAN Revisited
Interim rept.
A. F. Milton, G. L. Harvey, and A. W. Schmidt. 30
Dec 77, 34p NRL-8172, EOTPO-41 , AD-E000-
100
Descriptors: 'Infrared detection, 'Aerosols, At-
mospheric windows, Light transmission,
Marine atmospheres. Computer programs,
Slant range, Wave propagation, Far infrared
radiation, Infrared images, Electrooptics, At-
mospheres, Models.
Identifiers: Thermal images, 'Atmospheric
transmissivity, Rural atmospheres, LOWTRAN
3B computer program. Atmospheric attenua-
tion.
Four spectral bands for advanced infrared
imaging systems are compared on the basis of
calculations of atmospheric transmission,
using the LOWTRAN 3B atmospheric transmis-
sion model. Slant paths, MTF effects, and
Maritime and Rural aerosol models are in-
cluded in the analysis. The relative advantage of
the 3- to 5-micrometer band is shown to be
strongly influenced by the choice of aerosol
models. (Author)
AD-A050 170/OCP PC A05/MF A01
SRI International Menlo Park Calif
Modeling for Multispectral Infrared and
Microwave Remote Sensing of the Tropo-
sphere
Final rept. 6 Aug 76-30 Sep 77
Paul A. Davis, and John S. Ostrem. Sep 77, 88p
AFGL-TR-77-0201
Contract F19628-76-C-0275
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding.
Meteorological satellites, Troposphere, Clouds,
Remote detectors. Infrared radiation.
Microwaves, Atmosphere models. Mathemati-
cal models, Absorption coefficients, Trans-
mittance, Radiometry, Radiation absorption.
Frequency response, Weighting functions.
Computer programs, Numerical analysis.
Identifiers: Remote sensing, Multiband spectral
reconnaissance. Microwave equipment, In-
frared detectors, Remote sensing.
The major objective of this study was to
establish background information on the rela-
tive responsiveness of multispectral infrared
and microwave sensors typical of satellite
radiometric sounders that probe tropospheric
regions containing clouds. Such information
supports satellite techniques to improve
sensing of atmospheric structure and cloud
features, and reduces the dependence on in-
creased surface and airborne instrumentation.
Different spectral intervals with the same
equivalent temperature response from the
cloud-free atmosphere also facilitate the in-
terpretation of remote measurements in the
presence of clouds or other aerosols
AD-A050 256/7CP PC A09/MF A01
Naval Ocean Systems Center San Diego Calif
'INVERT', A Computer Program For Obtaining
D-Region Electron Density Profiles from VLF
Reflection Coefficients
Research rept.
David G. Morfitt, and Charles H. Shellman 30
Nov 77, 188p Rept no. NOSC-IR-782
Contract. DNA-MIPR-77-521 , DNA-MIPR-78-504
Descriptors: 'Electron density, 'D region, Iono-
spheric propagation, Computerized simulation,
Ionospheric models, Reflectometers, Reflectivi-
ty, Very low frequency, Fortran, Global commu-
nication systems, lonosondes, Plasma medium.
Identifiers: INVERT computer program, Density
profiles, Strategic communications.
INVERT is a FORTRAN computer program
designed to study the feasibility of obtaining
electron density distributions of the D-region of
the ionosphere. These electron density profiles
would be derived from measurements of iono-
spheric reflection coefficients. The radio
propagation frequencies would be limited to
the VLF band, particularly 3-20 kHz. Thip report
contains a discussion of the analytical ap-
proach taken in INVERT, a FORTRAN listing of
the program, instructions for using the program
and some sample calculations using simulated
data. The program has not been used with real
data. (Author)
AD-A050 874/7CP PC A09/MF A01
Ohio State Univ Columbus Electroscience Lab
Theoretical Study of the Turbulence Induced
Scintillation of a Dirty Laser Beam
Interim rept. Jan-Sep 77
D. D. Duncan. Jan 78, 178p ESL-4232-5, RADC-
TR-77-430
Contract F30602-76-C-0058
Descriptors: 'Laser beams, Scintillation, At-
mospheric motion, Turbulence, Light scatter-
ing. Electromagnetic wave propagation, Spec-
tral energy distribution, Gaussian quadrature.
Asymptotic series, Computer programs,
Theses.
Identifiers: Huygens-Fresnel principle,
'Atmospheric transmissivity, Atmospheric at-
tenuation.
This work is concerned with predicting the tem-
poral scintillation spectrum of a laser beam
which has propagated through the turbulent at-
mosphere. Use is made of the Extended
Huygens-Fresnel principle in deriving a very
general but compact mathematical expression
for the temporal scintillation spectrum of an un-
specified source field with an arbitrary shaped
extended receiver aperture. This formula,
which is restricted to the weak turbulence
regime, is then applied to the analysis of several
situations of contemporary interest. Specifi-
cally, the analysis is directed toward the
description of the effects of such a laser beam
which is blemished in a deterministic sense.
Spectra obtained under these conditions are
shown to display increased sensitivity to the
path distribution of the turbulence strength.
AD-A051 126/1CP PC A08/MF A01
Logicon Inc Lexington MA
Analysis and Research for Integrated
Systems in Physics of the Atmosphere
Final rept. 1 Sep 76-30 Sep 77
James N. Bass, Krishin H. Bhavnani, Ben-Zion
J. Guz, Robert R. Hayes, and Shu T. Lai. 30 Nov
77, 171 p AFGL-TR-77-0265
Contract F19628-76-C-0304
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric physics,
Ephemerides, Computer applications, Com-
puter programs, Mathematical prediction, Earth
orbits. Solar eclipses. Accuracy, Mapping,
Ionospheric scintillations, Plasmas(Physics),
Electric fields, Data reduction, Curve fitting,
Steepest descent method.
This report describes significant analyses and
computer programming problems performed in
support of Air Force Geophysics Laboratory
scientists. Mathematical and logical
procedures are discussed; reference material
and samples of results are presented. Various
AFGL rapid orbit generation programs have
been modified for satellite observation by air-
craft, for prediction of longitude drift due to
resonances, and for improved estimation of
solar eclipsing. Geopotential model studies
were conducted to identify significant terms
and evaluate results in operational orbit deter-
mination programs. Ionospheric research pro-
grams include data reduction and analyses for
plasma motion and electric field mapping, top-
side plasma monitoring on a Univac 1110, and
scintillations modeling for equatorial and high
latitude station coverage A geographic-
geomagnetic background continental outline
plot program is also described. Analysis and
data processing for the Multi-Spectral Mea-
surement Program includes calibrations and in-
itial flight data base design. A general data
compaction routine for use with large data
bases is described. A revised astronomical
ephemeris program which uses the new JPL
planetary system was developed. (Author)
AD-A051 617/9CP PC A03/MF A01
Army Missile Research and Development Com-
mand Redstone Arsenal Al Technology Lab
Methods for Prediction of Atmospheric Ef-
fects on Laser Guidance Systems
Technical rept.
J. Q. Lilly. 15 Nov 77, 42p Rept no. DRDMI-T-78-
16
Descriptors: 'Laser beams, 'Laser guidance,
Atmospheric scattering. Mathematical predic-
tion, Atmospheric motion, Aerosols, Radiative
transfer, Radiation absorption, Molecular
states. Mathematical models. Fast fourier trans-
forms, Frequency response, Dispersion rela-
tions, Monte Carlo method. Terminal homing.
Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric transmissivity, At-
mospheric attenuation.
This report describes mathematical models
which predict effects of atmospheric turbu-
lence, molecular absorption and scattering,
aerosol absorption and scattering, and radia-
tive transport. Turbulence-induced angle-of-ar-
rival fluctuations of a laser target designator are
formulated to permit calculation of the fluctua-
tion power spectrum. A numerical procedure
employing the fast Fourier transform is used to
convert the frequency-dependent power spec-
trum into the time domain giving angular beam
wander. A separate computation gives the an-
gular beamspread due to atmospheric turbu-
lence. Descriptions of other models to deter-
mine molecular line absorption and aerosol ab-
sorption and scattering are also given. Models
developed during this effort also provide first-
order radiative transfer predictions and a multi-
ple scattering model using Monte Carlo predic-
tions. Utilization instructions are included for
each of the models. (Author)
AD-A051 700/3CP PC A05/MF A01
Dytec Engineering Inc Huntington Beach Ca
Atmospheric-Absorption Adjustment
Procedure for Aircraft Flyover Noise Mea-
surements
Final rept. May-Sep 77
Alan H. Marsh. Dec 77, 90p DYTEC-R-7705.
FAA-RD-77-167
Contract W1 -77-5660-1
Descriptors: "Aircraft noise, 'Overflight,
'Atmospheric physics, 'Acoustic absorption.
Acoustic measurement, Computer programs,
Sound pressure, Sound transmission, Jet plane
noise. Atmospheric temperature. Humidity,
Barometric pressure, FORTRAN, Ambient
noise. Bandpass filters.
Identifiers: 'Noise pollution, Fortran 4 pro-
gramming language.
An analytical method was developed for adjust-
ing measured aircraft noise levels for dif-
ferences in atmospheric absorption between
test and reference meteorological conditions
along the sound propagation path The method
is based on the procedure in the proposed
American National Standard ANS S1.26 for cal-
culating pure-tone sound absorption as a func-
tion of the frequency of the sound and the tem-
perature, humidity, and pressure of the air.
Measured aircraft noise levels are assumed to
be 1/3-octave-band sound pressure levels. A
computer program was written in FORTRAN IV
to carry out the calculations. The operation of
the computer program, the required input data,
and all symbols and terms used in the program
21
are described. A program listing of source
statements is provided. Recommendations are
given for applying the method to routine
processing of aircraft noise measurements.
(Author)
AD-A051 754/OCP PC A05/MF A01
Illinois Univ At Urbana-Champaign Dept of
Electrical Engineering
A Multi-Channel Digital Data Logging System
for Ionospheric Scintillation Studies
Scientific rept.
K. S. Yang, and A. L. Hearn. Jul 77. 85p UILU-
ENG-77-2259, TR-61 , ARO-14260.3ELX
Grant DAAG29-76-G-0286
Descriptors: "Digital recording systems. "Data
processing equipment, "Ionospheric scintilla-
tions. Analog to digital converters, Multichan-
nel communications, Radio beacons. Radio in-
terference. Communication satellites. Magnetic
tape. Data processing, Computer programs.
Control systems, Schematic diagrams.
Identifiers: Satellite communications.
This report describes a multi-channel digital
data logging system designed specifically to
digitize and record the analog transmissions
from radio beacon satellites which are sub-
sequently used for ionospheric scintillation stu-
dies. System specifications and design dia-
grams are given This system has been actually
built and is currently recording data. The com-
puter software necessary to produce a digital
magnetic tape for further data processing is
described in the Appendix (Author)
AD-A052 535/2CP PC A05/MF A01
Environmental Research and Technology Inc
Concord Mass
Parameterization of Weather Radar Data for
Use in the Prediction of Storm Motion and
Development
Final rept. 6 Aug-31 Dec 76
Robert K Crane. Mar 77, 100 ERT-P-2095,
AFGL-TR-77-0216
Contract F19628-76-C-0264
Descriptors: 'Storms. Weather forecasting.
Radar signals, Radar tracking. Motion,
Parametric analysis, Doppler radar, Convec-
tion(Atmospheric), Shear properties. Turbu-
lence. Radar signatures, Algorithms, Computer
programs
Identifiers. "Radar meteorology.
Algorithms were developed for the rapid and ef-
ficient representation of digital data from a sin-
gle Doppler weather radar The data are
processed to obtain a number of attributes
which describe small convective cells, larger
echo areas, and isolated regions of high tan-
gential shear The data are also processed to
provide estimates of the environmental wind
velocity profile and the total reflectivity profile.
The attributes are obtained to represent the es-
sential information content of the radar data
with the fewest possible number of parameters.
The attributes were selected to describe the
development and motion of severe storms and,
in particular, the small convective elements that
are viewed as the building blocks of the storm.
Attributes were also selected to describe iso-
lated tangential shear r, axima to obtain signa-
tures of storm severity (Author)
AD-A052 636/8CP PCA06/MFA01
Oklahoma Univ Norman Dept of Engineering
Physics
A Study of the Applicability of Lasers to the
Measurement of Tornado Wind Speeds
Master's thesis
David Arnold Ross. 1976, 109p
Descriptors 'Tornadoes, 'Pulsed lasers, "Wind
velocity, Weather forecasting, Cloud physics,
Doppler effect. Heterodyning, Mie scattering,
Infrared lasers, Near infrared radiation, At-
mosphere models, Computerized simulation.
Computer programs, Theses.
Identifiers: "Laser velocimeters, Meteorological
instruments.
The purpose of this research is to examine the
theoretical possibility of using pulsed lasers to
determine the velocity structure of the turbu-
lence associated with tornadoes, particularly,
the funnel cloud. Laser technology has
progressed to the point that velocity dis-
crimination on the order of 1 m/sec is achieva-
ble outside the laboratory. Furthermore, detec-
tors are available (at the cited wavelengths)
with sensitivities of the order required to
process the returned signal. However, it is
recommended that a system containing the
required components including the ancillary
equipment be constructed and tested to verify
the results obtained in this study.
AD-A052 685/5CP PC A09/MF A01
Texas Univ At El Paso Dept of Electrical En-
gineering
A Computational Method for Spectral Molecu-
lar Absorption Using an Improved Voigt Al-
gorithm
Master's thesis
Peter Clark Van Derwood. May 77, 1 79p
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere models, Trans-
mittance, Molecular spectroscopy, Spectral
lines. Absorption spectra, Doppler effect. Com-
puterized simulation. Algorithms, Atmospheric
temperature. Atmospheric sounding. Infrared
spectra. High resolution. Remote detectors,
Meteorological satellites, Atmospheric motion,
Computer programs, Theses.
Identifiers: 'Infrared radiation, 'Atmospheric
transmissivity, Atmospheric attenuation.
Discussion of the fundamental elements and
theory related to atmospheric transmittance is
presented. A line-by-line transmission com-
puter program is developed that utilizes the
combined Doppler-Lorentz (Voigt) line
broadening function. In addition a rapid al-
gorithm to evaluate the Voigt function with a
maximum relative error of about one part in
10,000 is described and a software package that
processes the absorption line parameters
necessary to calculate transmittance is given.
The results of transmittance calculations for
seven channels in the fifteen micrometer band,
corresponding to the seven High Resolution In-
frared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) channels, are
furnished and the procedure to compute a band
averaged transmission discussed. It is con-
cluded that the Voigt algorithm developed here
is an excellent computational procedure and
the resulting transmittance program correctly
calculates atmospheric transmission (Author)
AD-A052 686/3CP PC A07/MF A01
Texas Univ At El Paso Dept of Electrical En-
gineering
An Efficient Computational Approximation to
the Lorentz Line Molecular Absorption Coeffi-
cient
Master's thesis
Michael T Potter May 77, 147p
Descriptors "Atmosphere models, 'Absorption
coefficients, Molecular spectroscopy, Absorp-
tion spectra, Lorentz force, Spectral lines.
Shape, Transmittance, Nitrous oxide, Carbon
monoxide, Carbon dioxide, Water vapor, Com-
puter programs, Savings, Time, Approxima-
tion(Mathematics), Theses
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric transmissivity, At-
mospheric attenuation, Atmospheric composi-
tion.
A rapid and accurate approximation to the
Lorentz line molecular absorption coefficient
has been developed which significantly
reduces the time of line-by-line transmittance
calculations. By separating computations
required for each spectral line, atmospheric
level, and absorbing gas under consideration,
arithmetical operations are minimized. Time
tests were conducted while computing the
monochromatic absorption coefficient for five
frequency channels in the 4.3 micrometers
band. The approximation was compared to the
evaluation of the Lorentz line shape (Standard
manner) for a 33 level atmosphere and an
average of 1000 absorption lines per region.
Absorption coefficient values computed by this
approximation agreed to those computed in the
standard fashion to at least three decimal
places regardless of molecule type, channel, or
atmospheric level. Average percent-relative er-
rors were typically: .0001 for H20; .0001 for
C02: .001 for N20; .00000001 for CO. For trans-
mittance calculations over a band, time savings
can be predicted by analyzing the required
number of arithmetical operations. For 1,000
spectral lines over a bandwidth of 25/cm and a
step increment of 0.02/cm, a reduction in com-
putation time of 450% is anticipated.
AD-A053 154/1CP PC A08/MF A01
Sri International Menlo Park Ca
Chatanika Model of the High-Latitude Iono-
sphere for Application to HF Propagation Pre-
diction
Final rept. 1 Jan-30 Sep 77
R. R. Vondrak, G. Smith, V. E. Hatfield, R. T.
Tsunoda, and V. R. Frank. Jan 78, 158p RADC-
TR-78-7
Contract F19628-77-C-0102
Descriptors: 'Radar pulses, 'Ionospheric
propagation, 'Mathematical models,
'Computer programs, High altitude, High
frequency. Radio waves, Aurorae, Electron den-
sity, Incoherence, Scattering, Ray tracing, Geo-
graphic areas. Data bases, D region, E band, F
region.
Identifiers: Chatanika radar, Chatanika(Alaska).
Electron density measurements made with the
incoherent-scatter radar at Chatanika, Alaska
have been used to obtain a synoptic model of
the high-latitude ionosphere. This Chatanika
model is a modification of the RADC-POLAR
model developed by Elkins and coworkers for
use in raytracing codes for HF propagation pre-
diction. Because the existing RADC model was
derived from a larger and more geographically
extensive data base than that used in this study,
many of its features have been retained in the
new model The major modification that we
made was an improved specification of the au-
roral E-layer and the altitude interval between
the E and F regions This region sometimes acts
as a duct in which HF signals may travel for
great distances without traversing the D region,
where most absorption occurs.
AD-A053 164/OCP PC A03/MF A01
Air Force Geophysics Lab Hanscom AFB Mass
Modeling of the Geosynchronous Orbit
Plasma Environment. Part I
Air Force surveys in geophysics
Henry B. Garrett. 14 Dec 77, 46p Rept nos
AFGL-TR-77-0288-PT-1 , AFGL-AFSG-380-PT-1
Descriptors: 'Space charge, "Space environ-
ments, Synchronous satellites,
Plasmas(Physics), Ionization, Computer pro-
grams, FORTRAN, Mathematical models, Elec-
tron density. Electron energy. Ion density, Tem-
perature
Identifiers: ATS-5 satellite
Although the role of the environment in
generating spacecraft potential variations at
geosynchronous orbit is well documented,
variations in the ambient environment itself
have not been well-defined Similarly, no stu-
dies of the environment have attempted an
analytic formulation of the various parameters
needed to model the spacecraft charging
22
phenomenon. This paper describes the
parameters needed to formulate such a model
and outlines a systematic procedure for con-
structing a simple analytic model that includes
the effects of local time and geomagnetic ac-
tivity. Observational data from the ATS-5 satel-
lite are analyzed using this procedure to give a
preliminary analytic description of the
geosynchronous environment in the form of a
FORTRAN program. (Author)
AD-A053 178/OCP PC A12/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Huntsville Ala George C Marshall Space Flight
Center
Wind Shear Modeling for Aircraft Hazard
Definition
Final rept. Apr 76-Feb 78
Walter Frost, Dennis W. Camp, and S. T. Wang.
Feb 78, 257p FAA/RD-78/3
Contract DOT-FA76-WA1-620
Prepared in cooperation with FWG Assoc, Inc.,
Tullahoma, TN., Contract NAS8-32217.
Descriptors: "Aviation safety, "Wind shear,
"Aircraft landings, Hazards, Mathematical
models, Thunderstorms, Gusts,
Fronts(Meteorology), Low altitude, Takeoff,
Glide slope, Terminal flight facilities. Computer
programs, Computerized simulation.
Wind shear at low altitudes in the terminal area
has been identified as hazardous to aircraft
operations. Mathematical models of wind
profiles have been developed for use in fast
time and manned flight simulation studies
aimed at defining and eliminating these wind
shear hazards. A set of wind profiles and as-
sociated wind shear characteristics for stable
and neutral boundary layers, thunderstorms,
and frontal winds potentially encounterable by
aircraft in the terminal area are given. Wind
shear is defined as significant changes in wind
speed and/or direction up to 500 m above the
ground that may adversely affect the approach,
landing, or takeoff of an aircraft. Engineering
models of wind shear for direct hazard analysis
are presented in mathematical formulae,
graphs, tables, and computer lookup routines.
The wind profile data utilized to establish the
models is described as to location, how ob-
tained, time of observation and number of data
points up to 500 m. These models provide the
three components of wind speed in two-dimen-
sional vertical planes, i.e., as functions of the
vertical and horizontal coordinates. Statistical
data is provided, where available, as to the risk
of exceeding the wind shear environment pre-
dicted by the models.
AD-A053 199/6CP PC A04/MF A01
Air Force Geophysics Lab Hanscom AFB Mass
Persistence, Runs, and Recurrence of Sky
Cover
Environmental research papers
IverA Lund, and Donald D Grantham. 30 Dec
77, 53p Rept nos. AFGL-TR-77-0308, AFGL-
ERP-621
Descriptors: 'Cloud cover, Mathematical
models, Computer programs. Sky, Predictions,
Probability density functions. Continuity, Inter-
vals, Recursive functions, Weather forecasting,
Observation, Counting methods, Weather sta-
tions, Meteorological data.
A total of 511, 056 hourly observations of total
sky cover, taken over a thirteen-year period at
nine stations, was studied to obtain a better un-
derstanding of the characteristics of per-
sistence, runs, and recurrence. Each hourly
total sky cover observation was categorized as
either zero-tenths (clear), less than or equal to
three-tenths, greater than or equal to eight-
tenths, or ten-tenths (overcast). Probabilities of
each category were estimated from relative
frequencies -determined from this large data
sample and were compared with some theoreti-
cal models. The models can be applied to esti-
mate probabilities that any of the above sky
cover categories will be observed for
sequences of x hours, or more; for exactly x
hours; or at time t and also at time tOx hours.
(Author)
AD-A053 608/6CP PC A07/MF A01
New Mexico State Univ Las Cruces
Development of a Real-Time Rocketsonde
and a Real-Time Radiosonde Computer Pro-
gram
Contractor rept.
M. Don Merrill, and Scott Fry. Jan 78, 141p
ERADCOM/ASL-CR-78-01 15-1
Contract DAAD07-76-C-0115
Descriptors: "Atmospheric sounding,
"Radiosondes, Sounding rockets. Computer
programs, Data acquisition, Meteorological
data, Real time, Layers, Wind, Temperature,
Subroutines, Assemblers, Fortran, Data
processing, Input output processing, Flow
charting.
This report contains a detailed description of a
computer program that was developed for use
with the Interdata 7/32 computer and the inter-
faced Nike Hercules radar systems located at
the MTTR site at White Sands, New Mexico and
the Poker Flat site in Alaska. The program can
process in real-time a complete data reduction
for an MRN rodketsonde or a list of 2 minute
layer winds for a radiosonde. For a rocket-
sonde. the program utilizes the temperature
telemetry data, the positional radar data, and
the operator inputs of rocketsonde temperature
calibration values and base level tie-in data
from a radiosonde flight to produce an
MRN(WDC-A) format listing of the following: 1
KM corrected and uncorrected winds; Signifi-
cant level temperature data; 1 KM ther-
modynamic data; Significant level ther-
modynamic data; MRN 30 cards (image); Man-
datory thermodynamic data; MRN 40 cards
(image); and Printer plot of X and Y component
winds and temperatures versus 1 KM altitudes.
For a radiosonde, the program utilizes the posi-
tional radar data to produce a listing of two-
minute layer winds at 1 minute intervals.
AD-A053 620/1CP PC A05/MF A01
Sri International Menlo Park Ca
Evaluation of the FIB Methodology for Appli-
cation to Cloud Motion Wind Data
Final rept. 23 Jun 76-23 Jun 77
William Viezee, Daniel E. Wolf, and Roy M.
Endlich. 23 Jul 77, 92p Rept no. SRI-TR-77-08
Contract N00228-76-C-3182
Descriptors: "Meteorological data, Numerical
analysis, Computer programs, Clouds, At-
mospheric motion, Wind, Least squares
method. Weighting functions. Meteorological
satellites, Finite difference theory, Vortices,
Hurricanes, Cyclones, Case studies.
Identifiers: FIB computer program.
A comprehensive technique for the objective
analysis of scalar and vector fields was
developed. The technique is called the Fields by
Information Blending (FIB) technique. This re-
port describes the results of a research study to
evaluate the application of the FIB technique to
the blending of satellite-derived cloud motion
wind data and their finite-difference derivatives
(e.g., vorticity and divergence) with conven-
tional wind analyses. The FIB program was sup-
plied to SRI by NEPRF as part of a set of com-
puter programs that, after adaption to SRI's
CDC-6400 computer, allowed for the
processing, analyses, and subsequent blending
of selected trial data sets. Conclusions are
based on the results obtained by executing FIB
on the data of two case studies, one of the
passage of Hurricane Carmen through the Gulf
of Mexico (1-7 September 1974) and the other
of migration of an extratropical cyclone in the
eastern North Pacific Ocean (5-8 February
1976). Both areas are over water and are rela-
tively sparse in conventional data, so
meteorological analyses could benefit from the
assimilation of cloud motion data. It is con-
cluded that the FIB program and its associated
program segments are operationally suitable
for blending cloud motion data with conven-
tional wind analyses.
AD-A053 840/5CP PC A03/MF A01
Air Force Avionics Lab Wright-Patterson AFB
Ohio
Meteorological Sensitivity of LOWTRAN 3B
Final rept. 1 Jul-1 Oct 77
Ronald R. Gruenzel. Dec 77, 36p Rept no.
AFAL-TR-77-229
Descriptors: "Atmosphere models, Trans-
mittance, Computerized simulation, Radiative
transfer, Frequency response. Radiation at-
tenuation, Water vapor, Ozone, Carbon dioxide,
Air, Absorption spectra.
Identifiers: LOWTRAN 3B computer program.
Atmospheric composition, "Atmospheric trans-
missivity, Meteorology, Atmospheric attenua-
tion, Computer programs.
Mathematical expressions are developed which
permit calculations of the meteorological sen-
sitivity of LOWTRAN 3B, a computer code
which can be used to calculate the trans-
mittance of the atmosphere from the ultraviolet
to the middle infrared portion of the spectrum.
Mathematical relationships are developed
which relate the water vapor line, uniformly
mixed gases and ozone transmissions directly
to the meteorological observables. These rela-
tionships are then used in conjunction with the
existing expressions for the other atmospheric
constituents to determine the meteorological
sensitivity of this model. (Author)
AD-A054 013/8CP PC A02/MF A01
Photometries Inc Lexington Mass
Recording and Analysis of Optical Data from
Stratospheric Dynamics Experiments
Final rept. 15 Jun 76-14 Jan 78
Christian A. Trowbridge, Irving L. Kofsky, and
Ronald H.Johnson. 14 Jan 78, 24p PHM-03-78.
AFGL-TR-78-0015
Contract F19628-76-C-0239
Descriptors: "Atmospheric sounding,
"Atmospheric temperature, 'Wind shear, Opti-
cal data, Transport properties. Stratosphere,
Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Triangulation,
Photometry, Photographic images. Tracer stu-
dies, Trace elements, Trace gases. Upper at-
mosphere. Atmospheric scattering, Algorithms,
Computer programs, Vector analysis,
Matrices(Mathematics), Smoke, Chemicals, At-
mospheric motion, Calibration.
A program whose objective is the study of
stratospheric winds and temperatures, and
mass transport processes in the stratosphere
and upper atmosphere, is described. These
parameters are determined through reduction
and analysis of photographs of sunlight-scat-
tering chemical and smoke (particulate) tracers
deposited from rockets. Computer programs
implementing triangulation by vector and
matrix methods were developed to measure
three-dimensional smoke trail positions from
multiple photographic projections of the trails
Horizontal winds and shears were derived from
the transport of these trails. (Author)
AD-A054 325/6CP PC A04/MF A01
Army Armament Research and Development
Command Aberdeen Proving Ground Md Bal-
listics Research Lab
BENCHMARK-76: Model Computations for
Disturbed Atmospheric Conditions. II. Results
for the Stratosphere and Mesosphere
Technical repf.
23
J.M. Heimerl.and F. E. Niles Mar78,54p
ARBRL-TRs02050, AD-E430-01 7
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric models, 'Electron
density. Ion density, Mesosphere, Stratosphere,
Atmospheric disturbances, Hydrodynamic
codes, Electrons, Cations, Anions, Ionization,
Recombination reactions, Reaction kinetics.
Identifiers: BENCHMARK-76 hydrodynamic
code.AIRCHEM computer code.
Electron, positive ion and negative ion densities
have been computed as a function of time and
altitude under conditions where the prompt
ionization parameter is set to ten to the
eleventh power per cubic centimeter and the
delayed ionization parameter is taken to be 10
to the eighth power ion-pairs per cubic cen-
timeter per second. Model times extend to
10,000 s for most conditions and the altitude re-
gions are 10-80 km for daytime conditions and
30-80 km for nighttime conditions. Selected
results, limited comparisons and brief sensitivi-
ty studies are reported together with temporal
and altitude variations of the computed effec-
tive rate coefficients. (Author)
AD-A054 376/9CP PC A04/MF A01
Army Armament Research and Development
Command Aberdeen Proving Ground Md Bal-
listics Research Lab
BENCHMARK-76: Model Computations for
Disturbed Atmospheric Conditions. III.
Results for Selected Excitation Parameters at
60 km
Technical rept.
J M. Heimerl, and F. E. Niles. Mar 78, 52p
ARBRL-TR-02051, AD-E430-022
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric models, 'Electron
density, 'Ion density, Mesosphere, Atmospheric
disturbances. Ionization, Anions, Cations, Ex-
citation, Parameters, Time, Hydrodynamic
codes. Reaction kinetics. Diurnal variations.
Identifiers: BENCHMARK-76 hydrodynamic
code.AIRCHEM computer code
Electron, positive and negative ion densities
have been computed as a function of time at an
altitude of 60 km under conditions where the
prompt ionization parameter was assigned the
values ten to the eighth, tenth or eleventh
power per cubic centimeter and the delayed
ionization parameter was assigned the values
ten to the sixth, eighth or tenth power ion pairs
per cubic centimeter per second, subject to the
condition that the magnitude of the former be
greater than the magnitude of the latter. Model
times extend the 10,000 seconds in most cases
and computations were made for daytime and
nighttime conditions. Selected results and
limited comparisons are reported together with
the variations of the computed equivalent rate
coefficients with time and with ionization con-
ditions (Author)
AD-A055 273/7CP PC A04/MF A01
Stanford Research Inst Menlo Park Calif
Two Fortran Programs for Calculating Global
Ionospheric Amplitude and Phase Scintilla-
tion
Final technical rept. 15May76-15Jul77
Char lesLRinoEdwardJF re mouw, Anne R
Hessing, and V. Elaine Hatfield Apr 78, 67p
RADC-TR-78-87
Contract F30602-75-C-0236, ARPA Order-2777
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric scintillations,
'Ionospheric models, 'Ionospheric
disturbances, Amplitude modulation. Phase
modulation. Electron density, Scientific satel-
lites, Inclined orbit trajectories, Fortran,
Subroutines, Autocorrelation, Sunspots, Drift
Identifiers: IONSCNT computer program, DIST
computer program
This report contains detailed descriptions of
the FORTRAN computer codes IONSCNT,
which calculates average ionospheric am-
plitude and phase scintillation conditions on a
global basis, and the auxiliary statistics pro-
gram DIST, which uses the IONSCNT outputs to
calculate fading statistics. Operating instruc-
tions for the programs together with examples
and descriptions of the various outputs are in-
cluded. The theoretical background and data
base for the program development is contained
in a separately published report.
AD-A055 463/4CP PC A03/MF A01
Air Force Inst of Tech Wright-Patterson AFB
Ohio School of Engineering
A Matrix Approach to a Propagation Code
Master's thesis
Peter Leonard Misuinas. Dec 77, 46p Rept no.
AFIT/GEO/PH/77-1
Descriptors: 'Laser beams, Carbon dioxide
lasers. Atmosphere models, Pulsed lasers,
Light transmission, Thermal blooming, Radia-
tion absorption, Infrared lasers, High power,
Wind, Theses.
Identifiers: COMBO computer program,
'Atmospheric transmissivity, Atmospheric at-
tenuation.
A transfer matrix for C02 laser beams with an
assumed gaussian intensity distribution is
developed that includes parameters for absorp-
tion, turbulence, and thermal blooming. Calcu-
lated parameters are an effective beam radius
(1/sq e point) and an on-axis intensity. For
moderate power levels, results are consistent
with the computer code COMBO. The blooming
model predicts results worse than those pre-
dicted by COMBO for high power levels.
(Author)
AD-A055 861/9CP MF A01
Mission Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
Physically-Based High Resolution Surface
Wind and Temperature Analysis for EPAMS
Final rept.
Joseph A Ball, and Steven A.Johnson. Mar 78,
278p MRC-R-7731-1-278, ERADCOM/ASL-CR-
78-0043-1
Contract DAEA18-77-C-0043
Availability: Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: 'Wind, Meteorological instru-
ments, Computer programs, High resolution.
Wind direction, Atmospheric temperature,
Prototypes. Automatic, Terrain, Mathematical
models. Wind velocity.
Identifiers: Experimental Prototype Automatic
Meteorological System.
This report documents the theoretical basis,
development, and computational structure of a
numerical computer analysis routine incor-
porated in the US Army Experimental Prototype
Automatic Meteorological System (EPAMS) for
the estimation of surface layer wind fields at
sub-mesoscale resolution (approx. 100 meters)
over a limited area in broken topography. The
geographically re-locatable analysis exploits
detailed topographic information but requires
only limited meteorological information. The
physically-based analysis uses Gauss' Principle
of Least Constraints for a variational adjust-
ment of an initial estimated wind field in a sin-
gle surface layer to conform with terrain struc-
ture, mass conservation, and buoyancy forces.
Fields of surface air temperature are also
produced. Initial meteorological input is ob-
tained from the EPAMS data base by an auto-
mated analysis which is described in detail. The
segmentation structure of the computational
program levels is presented. Appendices pro-
vide user instructions, detailed algorithms, and
example wind field estimates. (Author)
AD-705 566/CP HC E01 MF A01
Utah Univ Salt Lake City Dept of Electrical En-
gineering
A Data Reduction Computer Program for the
AFCRL Triaxial Accelerometer Inflated Falling
Sphere Atmospheric Density Measuring
System.
Final rept. 1 Dec 68-31 Aug 69
Forrest L. Staffanson, and Ray G. Phibbs. Oct
69, 232p UTEC-MR-69-140, AFCRL-69-0446
Contract F19628-69-C-0124
PORTIONS OF THIS DOCUMENT ARE NOT
FULLY LEGIBLE.
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, Density,
'Meteorological instruments, Falling bodies,
Accelerometers, Drag, Flight speeds. Altitude,
Uncertainty, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Falling spheres, 'Atmospheric den-
sity.
A digital program is presented for the automatic
processing of flight data from the triaxial ac-
celerometer inflated falling sphere system
developed by Air Force Cambridge Research
Laboratories for the measurement of upper at-
mospheric air density. The program also com-
putes the uncertainty of each final data point
according to input estimates of component un-
certainties and computed varying measures of
data quality. Results using flight data from
three recent launchings of the experiment are
presented (16 and 23 May 1968 at Kauai, Hawaii
and 31 January 1969 at Wallops Island, Vir-
ginia). (Author)
AD-706 410/CP HC E01 MF A01
Dartmouth Coll Hanover N H Thayer School of
Engineering
Short-Term Predictions on the Course of
Polar Cap Absorption.
Final rept (Part 1 ), 1 Apr 68-31 May 69
Leif Owren. Dec 69, 127p AFCRL-69-0541(l)
Contract F19628-68-C-0308
Descriptors: "Solar radiation, Protons,
"Ionospheric disturbances. Polar regions,
"Ionospheric propagation,
Blackout(Electromagnetic), High frequency,
Absorption, Solar flares, Riometers, Mathemati-
cal prediction, Statistical analysis. Computer
programs.
Identifiers: PCA(Polar Cap Absorption), Polar
cap absorption. Nomographs, "Solar cosmic
rays.
The physical and empirical facts of polar cap
absorption (PCA) produced by solar proton
events are reviewed. A description of PCA, its
measurement, and the solar-terrestrial environ-
ment is included. The physical conditions of the
lower ionosphere during PCA are discussed
together with the frequency law of PCA,
nightime recoveries, the polar cap distribution
of absorption, and arctic HF propagation dur-
ing PCA. A procedure for short-term prediction
of the future course of PCA is developed, based
on single frequency riometer measurements
and computer processing of the data. The ap-
plication of the prediction technique is illus-
trated by a detailed discussion of two PCA
events. It is concluded that for most PCA events
satisfactory short-term predictions can be
made from riometer observations.
AD-707 122/CP HC E01 MF A01
Massachusetts Inst of Tech Cambridge Dept of
Mechanical Engineering
Theoretical Prediction of Acoustic-Gravity
Pressure Waveforms Generated by Large Ex-
plosions in the Atmosphere.
Final rept 1 Feb 67-31 Jan 70
Allan D Pierce, and Joe W Posey 30 Apr 70,
295p AFCRL-70-0134
Contract F19628-67-C-0217
Descriptors: 'Nuclear explosions, Upper at-
mosphere, 'Microbarometric waves, Predic-
tions, Detonation waves, Numerical analysis,
Approxim at ion (Mathematics), Mathematical
models, Computer logic. Subroutines, Com-
puter programs. Acoustics.
24
Identifiers: Computer analysis, Computerized
simulation, Acoustic gravity waves.
A computer program is described which ena-
bles one to compute the pressure waveform at a
distant point following the detonation of a
nuclear explosion in the atmosphere. The
theoretical basis of the program and the numer-
ical methods used in its formulation are ex-
plained; a deck listing and instructions for the
program's operation are included. The primary
limitation on the program's applicability to
realistic situations is that the atmosphere is as-
sumed to be perfectly stratified. However, the
temperature and wind profiles may be arbitrari-
ly specified. Numerical studies carried out by
the program show some discrepancies with
previous computations by Harkrider for the
case of an atmosphere without winds. These
discrepancies are analyzed and shown to be
due to different formulations of the source
model for a nuclear explosion. Other numerical
studies explore the effects of various at-
mospheric parameters on the waveforms. In the
remainder of the report, two alternate theoreti-
cal formulations of the problem are described.
The first of these is based on the neglect of the
vertical acceleration term in the equations of
hydrodynamics and allows a solution by Cag-
niard's integral transform technique. The
second is based on the hypothesis of propaga-
tion in a single guided mode and permits a
study of the effects of departures from stratifi-
cation on the waveforms. (Author)
AD-707 875/CP HC E01 MF A01
Stanford Univ Calif Dept of Geophysics
Microbarograph Studies.
Annual technical rept., 1 Apr69-1 Apr70
Jon F. Claerbout, and Lee Lu. 13 May 70, 48p
AFORS-70-1689-TR
Contract F44620-69-C-0073, ARPA Order-1362-
69
Descriptors: 'Microbarometric waves, Propaga-
tion, Sound signals, Jet streams(Meteorology),
Barometric pressure, Wind, Simulation, At-
mospheric temperature, Computer programs.
Theoretical work included mathematical-com-
putational simulation of an air wave propagat-
ing around the earth. The effect of horizontal
variations of wind and temperature was in-
cluded. These explain the severe defocussing
always observed at the antipodes. Observa-
tional work included installation and operation
of an LTV-LASA type microbarograph Regular
inspection of the records revealed a nuclear ex-
plosion and numerous incompletely un-
derstood meteorologic phenomena. Computer
programs have been written and documented
'or reading LASA data tapes and Stanford data
tapes.
AD-709 233/CP HC E01 MF A01
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Cam-
bridge Mass
Study of Meteor Wind Measurement
Techniques. Volume II.
Final rept. 1 Jun 63-31 May 66
Norman F. Deegan, Robert J. Fitzpatrick,
Giuseppe Forti, Mario D. Grossi, and Mario R.
Schaffner. Feb 70, 241p 002-106, AFCRL-70-
0168-Vol-2
Contract AF 19(628)-3248
See also Volume 1 , AD-709232.
Descriptors: 'Upper atmosphere, Wind,
'Meteors, Radar echo areas. Computer pro-
grams, Instruction manuals, Radio astronomy,
Flow charting, Magnetic tape, Punched cards,
Pattern recognition, Pulse analyzers, Calibra-
tion, Radar signals, Doppler radar.
Wind data in the height range 80 to 100 km can
be obtained with a multistatic VHF phase-
coherent pulse-doppler meteor radar capable
of monitoring a volume in space measuring arr-
poximately 50 km x 50 km horizontally, and 20
km vertically. An eight-station phase-coherent
system has been established for this purpose
near Havana, Illinois, by reworking an existing
six-station, incoherent, pulse meteor radar
operating at 40.92 MHz. A 4-Mw transmitter and
eight receiving sites dispersed up to 50 km
away from the transmitter site have been locked
together in phase within a few parts in 10 to the
10th power by distributing a 2.5 kHz reference
tone via commercial telephone lines. The
system operates satisfactorily and is capable of
collecting enough range-doppler samples from
meteor trails for an adequate description of the
wind pattern at meteor heights. Wind profiles
have been obtained by processing in Cam-
bridge with a CDC-6400 computer the mul-
tichannel digital tapes recorded in Havana. The
method can, potentially, be used for real-time
wind measurements. It competes favorably with
alternative approaches when wind measure-
ments at meteor height must be performed with
continuity and without resorting to horizon-to-
horizon spatial averaging. (Author)
AD-709 673/CP HC E01 MF A01
Stanford Univ Calif Stanford Electronics Labs
The Stanford Meteor-Trails Radar Mark II.
Final rept. 1 Mar 67-31 Dec 69
Robert Nowak, Edgar M. North, and Michael S.
Frankel.Jun70, 165p SU-SEL-70-021, AFCRL-
70-0365
Contract AF 19(628)-6152
Descriptors: 'Meteors, Radar tracking,
'Meteorological radar, Design, 'Wind, Upper at-
mosphere, 'Upper atmosphere, Density, Com-
puter programs, Wake, Atmospheric motion.
Radar equipment.
In the study of upper-atmosphere winds and
densities, radar measurements of the ionized
trails of meteors in the height region between
80 and 110 km have proven valuable. In the
present report, this measurement technique is
compared to other methods and its advantages
and problems are outlined. Considerations for
the design of a meteor-trail radar system are
presented. The desire for a global network of
meteor-trail radar stations, which would aid
significantly in the study of synoptic at-
mospheric patterns, calls for a reliable, simple,
and inexpensive design. Such a design, real-
ized at Stanford University and tested in opera-
tion, is described in detail. Data are recorded
automatically on digital magnetic tape and are
reduced completely by computer; except for
tape changes, the station operates unattended.
Circuit diagrams, assembly, and tuning
procedures for the complete station are
presented, and the computer program used for
data reduction is listed. The equipment was
built on printed circuit cards for which nega-
tives are available, on request, from Stanford
University. (Author)
AD-709 888/CP HC E01 MF A01
Weather Wing (4th) Ent AFB Colo Detachment 1
Ionospheric Electron Density Profile Model.
Technical memo.
Thomas D. Damon, and Franklin R. Hartranft.
Jul 70, 39p 4WW-TM-70-3
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, Electron density,
Mathematical models, Motion, Predictions,
Radar tracking. Refraction, Satellites(Artificial),
Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Electron density profiles, E layer,
F1 layer, F2 layer.
The paper describes a project undertaken by
4th Weather Wing to produce a realistic elec-
tron density profile based upon parameters
which can be forecast with reasonable accura-
cy. The ionospheric electron density profile
model presented in this paper consists of the
sum of three Chapman layers (E, F1, F2). Elec-
tron densities in the topside ionosphere are
controlled by complex motions rather than a
production-loss balance and cannot be suc-
cessfully described strictly by a Chapman layer.
After some experimentation a best fit was ob-
tained by simply using the Chapman equation
for the topside ionosphere, but computing the
electron densities by using a variable scale
height throughout the region. The program
described in this report has been used routinely
for eight months to predict profiles for radar
refraction. This report should be considered in-
terim as improvements in accuracy are sure to
be required as the model is evaluated for dif-
ferent purposes. (Author)
AD-713 052/CP HC E01 MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Calculated and Observed Changes in Sea
Surface Temperature Associated with Hur-
ricane Passage.
Master's thesis
Jack James Jensen. Sep 70, 56p
Descriptors: 'Mexico Gulf, Surface tempera-
tures, 'Tropical cyclones, Heat transfer. Mathe-
matical models, Atmospheric temperature,
Computer programs, Simulation, Theses.
Identifiers: Hurricane Betsy, Hurricane Camille,
Computerized simulation, 'Air water interac-
tions.
Analyses were made of the sea surface tem-
peratures in the Gulf of Mexico in August for
the four years 1965 through 1968. No one pat-
tern was found to predominate. The subsurface
temperature profiles were then considered, and
a rate of simulated withdrawal of 4000 calories
of heat per day was made, until there was no
heat in excess of 26C. This withdrawal
represented heat removed during passage of a
hurricane. Difference analyses were con-
structed for the initial sea surface temperature
at each station and that after twenty-four hours
of simulated withdrawal. The differences
ranged from less than one degree to over four
degrees. Again, no consistent pattern was
found but generally areas of high concentra-
tions of heat experienced smaller decreases.
Actual sea surface temperatures collected after
two hurricanes were then analyzed and com-
pared to temperature patterns predicted by the
computer model. Illustrations of the relative
availability of sensible heat energy for different
sea surface temperatures are presented and a
hypothesis made to account for the greater
than average intensities of Hurricane Betsy
(1965) and Camille (1969). (Author)
AD-714 571/CP PC E01 MF A01
Illinois Univ Urbana Ionosphere Radio Lab
Investigations of Ionospheric Total Electron
Content Behavior at Conjugate Points and
During a Solar Eclipse.
Final rept. 1 Sep 69-31 Aug 70
Kung C. Yeh, Bernard J. Flaherty, Han R. Cho,
and Homayoun Nomani. Sep 70, 87p TR-41,
AFCRL-70-0539
Contract F19628-70-C-0001
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, Electron density,
'Solar eclipses. Ionospheric disturbances,
Alaska, New Zealand, Magnetic storms, Com-
puter programs, Magneto-optic effect, Naviga-
tion satellites, Radiofrequency interference.
Identifiers: Therm osphere, Faraday effect.
The Faraday rotation data were collected a Cold
Bay, Alaska in an effort to correlate with similar
data collected at Invercargill, New Zealand.
Cold Bay and Invercargill form an approximate
conjugate pair. Day-to-day variations of content
at these two stations have been compared and
studied. It has been found that these changes
were negatively correlated during periods of
magnetic quiet, uncorrelated during weak mag-
netic activities and increasingly positively cor-
related with increasing magnetic activities. In
the second experiment two field stations were
25
set up along the path of March 7, 1970 solar
eclipse. These data, when combined with data
obtained by others, show that the delay
between the time of maximum obscuration and
the time of minimum content varies systemati-
cally with latitude. The theoretical study is con-
cerned with studying the effect of a dynamo
electric field on the thermospheric winds.
(Author)
AD-715 068/CP PC E01 MF A01
New York Univ N Y Courant Inst of Mathemati-
cal Sciences
Frontal Motion in the Atmosphere.
Technical rept.
Eli L. Turkel. Sep 70, 149p Rept no. IMM-385
Contract N00014-67-A-0467-0016
Descriptors: *Air mass analysis, Mathematical
models, Coriolis effect, Atmospheric motion,
Atmosphere models, Weather forecasting,
Boundary value problems, Numerical analysis,
Integration, Computer programs.
Identifiers: *Fronts(Meteorology), Finite dif-
ference theory.
The motion of frontal disturbances in the at-
mosphere is studied based on several nonlinear
models proposed by Stoker. In the first model,
the air is considered to be an incompressible
fluid moving over a plane tangent to the rotat-
ing earth. The fluid consists of two layers and
the density in each layer is assumed to be con-
stant. The hydrostatic pressure law is then used
to reduce this to a two space dimensional
model. The boundary between these layers is a
contact discontinuity and so instabilities may
occur at this frontal surface. (Author)
AD-716 801/CP PCE01MFA01
Gulf Energy and Environmental Systems Inc
San Diego Calif
Atmospheric Transport of X-Rays.
Final rept.
R.J. Harris, Jr, M.J. Nowak, J. A. Lonergan, J. P.
Wondra, and D. F. Willoughby. 16 Jun 70, 156p
GA-10165.DASA-2571
Contract DASA01-69-C-0038
Descriptors: "Atmosphere models, X rays, *X
rays. Transport properties, Photons, Spectrum
analyzers, Integrals, Integration, Curve fitting,
Monte Carlo method, Statistical distributions,
Prog ramming (Computers), Radioactive
isotopes.
Identifiers: PHOTRAN computer code, Ger-
manium(Li) detectors.
Due to the lack of measured data for checking
calculational results, an experimental program
was initiated at Gulf General Atomic (GGA) for
studying the atmospheric transport properties
of X-rays by using liquid nitrogen to simulate
air. Measurements of the photon spectrum and
angular distribution were made as a function of
source-detector separation distance in an
infinite' medium of liquid nitrogen provided by
a large cryogenic dewar. Radioactive isotopes
of 241Am, 141Ce, and 203Hg were used as
sources of approximately monoenergetic
photons with energies of 60 keV, 145 keV and
279 keV, respectively. A 20 cc cm Ge(Li) detec-
tor was used to measure photon spectra for
energies from approximately 20 keV to the
source energy. Measurements were made for
source detector distances of 1-15 mfp for each
source energy. Transport calculations were
made for comparison with the measurements
using the PHOTRAN Monte Carlo code and the
1DF discrete ordinates code. (Author)
AD-716 823/CP PC E01 MF A01
Massachusetts Inst of Tech Cambridge Mea-
surement Systems Lab
Determination of a Hypsometer Performance
Function from Airborne Data.
Master's thesis
Patrice Marie Latron. Feb 70, 175p Rept no. TE-
33
Contract F29600-69-C-0028
Descriptors: *Hypsometers, Per-
formance(Engineering), Altitude, Measure-
ment, Pressure, Sensitivity, Airborne, Elec-
tronic recording systems, Analog-to-digital
converters, Integration, Statistical functions,
Computer programs, Data processing systems,
Theses.
Identifiers: Gravimetric geodesy.
Integrated data from a vertical pendulous in-
tegrating gyro accelerometer were used to as-
sess the altitude measuring performance of a
hypsometer in an airborne gravimetric installa-
tion. Both gravity and Eotvos correction were
assumed constant to simplify the integration
process. The aircraft-autopilot short period
(about 0.044 Hz) longitudinal mode dominates
the altitude profile. The hypsomeier recordings
relative to the integrated accelerometer data
showed lags between 2 and 3 seconds, and am-
plitude ratios between 0.4 and 0.9. A backlash
nonlinearity of 3 feet amplitude would explain
the varying amplitude ratio but only part of the
lag (1 to 2 seconds). The auto-correlation and
crosscorrelation functions were used in an at-
tempt to examine the linear behavior of the hyp-
someter; however, the spread of the data sug-
gested that the nonlinearity was a very signifi-
cant element in the instrument dynamics.
(Author)
AD-718 105/CP PC E01 MF A01
New Hampshire Univ Durham Antenna Systems
Lab
Computer Processing of Data from the
UNH/AFCRL Meteor Trails Radar
Filson H. Glanz, and Ronald R. Clark. 20 Aug 70,
41 p Scientific-4, ASL-70-4, AFCRL-70-071 7
Contract F19628-67-C-0230
Descriptors: *Meteors, Radar tracking, *Data
processing systems, Computer programs, At-
mospheric sounding, Wind, Density, Direction
finding.
Identifiers: FORTRAN, Meteor trails, Off line
systems.
The report describes the UNH Meteor Trails
Radar Main Off-Line Computer Program. The
report consists of a summary of the program
and a complete listing and flowgraph of the
program. The main contribution is the method
of determining azimuth and elevation angles
from the UNH/AFCRL Meteor Trails Inter-
ferometric azimuth-elevation system. (Author)
AD-718 422/CP PC E01 MF A01
Weather Wing (4th) Ent AFB Colo
Predicting Heavy Snowfall for Colorado
Springs Based on Computer Derived Synoptic
Map Types
Franklin R. Hartranft, Joe S. Restivo, and
Robert C. Sabin. Dec 70, 209p Rept no. 4WW-
Technical Paper-70-5
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, Snow,
"Snow, 'Colorado, 'Meteorological charts, Pro-
gramming(Computers), Computer programs,
Mathematical prediction, Surface properties,
Classification, Upper atmosphere, Instruction
manuals.
Identifiers: Computer mapping techniques, Ob-
jective weather forecasting, Stratification.
The paper contains the results of applying the
weather map typing procedures described in 4
WWg Technical Paper 70-2, Computerized Map
Typing Procedures and Their Application in the
Development of Forecast Aids, to the specific
problem of heavy snow forecasting in Colorado
Springs, Colorado. The case study technique
described in SECTION MIA of 4WWTP 70-2 was
employed to derive sets of surface and 700 mb
map types which are necessary conditions for
the occurrence of heavy snow. The objective
forecast study technique described in Section
1MB of 4WWTP 70-2 was used to develop a set of
forecast aids (scatter diagrams) for each sur-
face/700 mb map type. The snow study
described in this paper demonstrates a new ap-
proach to objective forecast study develop-
ment. The synoptic situation has been objec-
tively integrated into the initial stratification of
climatological data and therefore permits an
objective consideration of surface and 700 mb
map patterns as the initial step in the forecast
procedure. The inclusion of climatologically-
derived map types in the forecast study also al-
lows an excellent means of incorporating prog-
nostic chart information. (Author)
AD-721 089/CP PC E01 MF A01
Royal Aircraft Establishment Farnborough
(England)
Theoretical Aspects of the Determination of
Particle-Size Distributions from Measure-
ments of Scattered Light Intensity
Technical rept.
J. B. Abbiss. Aug 70, 46p RAE-TR-70151, TRC-
BR-21859
Descriptors: 'Clouds, Particle size, 'Fog, Parti-
cle size, 'Light transmission, Aerosols, Digital
computers. Computer programs. Diffraction,
Distribution functions, Integral equations,
Great Britain.
The technique of determining the distribution
of particle sizes in a cloud by measuring the in-
tensity of the light scattered from it over a range
of angles (sometimes known as the small an-
gles' method) is discussed and the feasibility of
the method demonstrated with the aid of digital
computer calculations. The effect of experi-
mental errors is considered and a detailed ex-
amination made of the special difficulties as-
sociated with monodispersions, in which all
particles are of the same size. It is shown that in
both cases modification of the experimental
data by means of suitable weighting functions
yields enhanced reconstruction of the original
distribution function. The limitations of the
small angles method are discussed, together
with the data requirements which should be
met if good results are to be achieved. (Author)
AD-721 112/CP PC E01 MF A01
Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experi-
ment Station Berkeley Calif
Synoptic-Scale Weather Disturbances that In-
fluence the Fire Climate in Southeast Asia
During the Normally Dry Period
Final rept.
Morris H McCutchan, and Bernadine A. Taylor
1971, 78p
Contract ARPA Order-818
Descriptors: 'Climatology, "Southeast Asia,
'Forest fires. Southeast Asia, Atmospheric tem-
perature, Humidity, Wind, Atmospheric
precipitation. Cloud cover. Drying, Meteorolog-
ical charts, Upper atmosphere, Tropical
cyclones, Computer programs, Reviews.
Identifiers: Synoptic meteorology. Monsoons,
Troughs(Meteorology), Westerlies, Easterlies.
Fire climate in Southeast Asia is affected by two
major factors, rainfall and cloud cover. By 'fire
climate' one means the climate that affects the
inception and behavior of wildfire. In our study
of the fire climate in Southeast Asia we in-
vestigated, when, for how long and by what
mechanism the normally dry period (November
through April) is interrupted by widespread rain
and clouds. The author found five types of
synoptic-scale weather disturbances usually
responsible for extensive rainfall over
Southeast Asia during the dry period. Case
histories are given of general rain that were
caused by these five types of disturbances: (1)
30 November 1962--tropical cyclones and east-
erly waves; (2) 21-23 March 1963-troughs in
26
the westerlies; (3) 24 and 25 November 1962--
superposition of trough in the westerlies on
easterly waves; (4) 29 March 1963— surges of
the northeast monsoon; and (5) 7-9 March
1963— tropical troughs. (Author)
AD-721 242/CP PC E01 MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
A Mesoscale Investigation of Convective Ac-
tivity
Master's thesis
Leo Harvey Craiglow, Jr. Mar 71 , 89p
Descriptors: *Convection(Atmospheric), Mathe-
matical models, 'Tornadoes, Oklahoma,
'Thunderstorms, 'Oklahoma, Upper at-
mosphere, Atmospheric motion, Heat transfer,
Energy, Networks, Weather forecasting, Com-
puter programs, Theses.
Identifiers; Finite difference theory. Computa-
tion.
A mesoscale investigation of a series of tor-
nadoes and thunderstorms that passed through
the NSSL mesonetwork in Oklahoma, on 10
June 1967, between 1700 and 2300 CST, was
conducted. Utilizing upper air data provided by
NSSL, the divergence, vertical motion, and
energy fields were computed. A finite-dif-
ference technique for computing and
smoothing divergence was developed. The ver-
tical motion was then computed by means of
the kinematic method. Both the total derivative
and the local rate of change of static energy
were computed. Using the values of the local
rate of change, prognostic fields of static ener-
gy and an energy index were obtained. Finally,
forecast energy indexes, divergence, and verti-
cal motion fields were compared to the ob-
served locations of tornadoes and thun-
derstorms. (Author)
AD-722 076/CP PC E01 MF A01
Emmanuel Coll Boston Mass Physics Research
Div
Analysis of Stratospheric Balloon Programs
Final rept. 1 Jan 68-31 Dec 70
M. Patricia Hagan. 31 Mar 71 , 20p AFCRL-71-
0115
Contract F19628-68-C-0065
Descriptors: 'Stratosphere, Wind,
'Meteorological balloons, Flight paths,
'Programming(Computers), Flight paths, Com-
puter programs. Tracking.
Identifiers: FORTRAN, SIMBALL computer pro-
gram, MAGMED computer program.
The work under this contract has been compu-
tational and analytical services in support of
operations analysis, applications research and
post flight analysis of stratospheric scientific
balloon programs conducted by the Air Force
Cambridge Research Laboratories (AFCRL).
Geophysical and flight data, furnished by the
Government, were utilized for transcription,
analysis, graphing, and mathematical computa-
tions. The work performed includes hand and
machine plotting and the writing of several
computer programs. (Author)
AD-722 103/CP PC E01 MF A01
Raytheon Co Bedford Mass Missile Systems Div
Curve Fitting General Least Squares Program
with Side Conditions
Ray Greenfield, and Mark Hale 15 Oct 62, 105p
Rept no BR-2069
Contract AF 19(604)-5230
Prepared in cooperation with IBM-Federal
Systems Div., Cambridge, Mass Cambridge
Div
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, Instruction
manuals, "Ionosphere, Electron density, Least
squares method, Matrix algebra, Special func-
tions(Mathematical), Curve fitting.
Identifiers: FORTRAN, Orthogonal functions.
Although the prime motivation of this work has
been a 'constrained' curve fitting of ionospher-
ic electron density and collosion frequency
profiles, the method proved to be an effective
tool of more general applicability. It is for this
reason that the author present this work apart
from the particular ionospheric research pro-
gram for which it was conceived. (Author)
AD-722 216/CP PC E01 MF A01
Atmospheric Sciences Lab White Sands Missile
Range N Mex
One-Dimensional Quasi-Time-Dependent Nu-
merical Model of Cumulus Cloud Activity
Research and development technical rept.
Walter S. Nordquist, Jr, and Neil L. Johnson.
Dec 70, 186p ECOM-5350
Descriptors: 'Cumulus clouds. Mathematical
models, Atmospheric precipitation, Cloud
cover, Atmospheric temperature, Weather
forecasting, Radar reflections, Data processing
systems, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Meteorological data, Cloud physics,
FORTRAN 4 programming language, FOR-
TRAN.
A numerical model for the description of some
of the major features of isolated cumulus
clouds formed as the result of surface heating
is described. This one-dimensional model is an
elaboration of the Weinstein and Davis Steady
State Cumulus Dynamics model and has been
extended to include a method for forecasting
the environmental meteorological conditions.
Detailed discussions concerning the develop-
ment of the theory, the application of numerical
techniques to the theory, and the computer cal-
culation processes are provided. (Author)
AD-722 713/CP PC E01 MF A01
Radiation Research Associates Inc Fort Worth
Tex
Computer Procedure for Calculating Time De-
pendent Light Scattering in Spherical-Shell
Atmospheres
Final rept. 1 Jul 68-31 Jan 71
Dave G. Collins, and Michael B. Wells. Apr71,
140p RRA-T7017, DASA-2640
Contract DASA01-68-C-0169
Companion report to AD-722 714.
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere, 'Light transmission,
Scattering, Monte Carlo method, Absorption,
Infrared radiation. Refractive index, Reflection,
Polarization, Intensity, Pro-
gram ming(Computers).
Identifiers: FORTRAN, FORTRAN 4 pro-
gramming language, Light(Visible radiation),
FLASH computer program, SHINE computer
program, MIE 2 computer program.
The report describes three Monte Carlo
procedures that were developed for the pur-
pose of providing calculational tools that could
be used to study the transport of visible and in-
frared light in spherical-shell atmosphere.
These procedures, designated as FLASH, treat
atmospheric scattering problems for plane-
parallel, point, volume and spherical surface
sources. The FLASH procedures consider the
effect of Rayleigh and aerosol scattering and
ozone, water vapor, C02, and aerosol particle
absorption on the transport of light. The
procedures also consider the changes in
polarization that occurs at each scattering
event. The input formats of the codes allows
one to describe the scattering and absorption
properties of the atmosphere as a function of
altitude Provisions are incorporated for treat-
ing the reflection of light from ground and
cloud surfaces with an albedo method. Also
described are the MIE-II and SHINE procedures.
The MIE-II procedure uses Mie theory to
generate aerosol particle scattering and ab-
sorption coefficients and the four elements of
the aerosol phase matrix for use as input data
to the FLASH procedures. The SHINE
procedure was developed to integrate the
results of FLASH CALCULATIONS FOR POINT
MONOCHROMATIC SOURCES OVER AN AR-
BITRARY WAVELENGTH AND TIME DEPEN-
DENT SOURCE SPECTRUM. (Author)
AD-722 714/CP PC E01 MF A01
Radiation Research Associates Inc Fort Worth
Tex
Computer Procedure for Calculating Time De-
pendent Light Scattering in Plane Parallel At-
mospheres
Final rept. 1 Jul 68-31 Jan 71
Dave G. Collins, and Michael B. Wells. Apr 71 ,
70p RRA-T7016, DASA-2641
Contract DASA01-68-C-0169
Companion rept. to AD-722 713.
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere, 'Light transmission.
Scattering, Monte Carlo method. Absorption,
Monochromatic light, Infrared radiation.
Polarization, Reflection, Intensity, Albedo, Pro-
gram ming(Computers).
Identifiers: FORTRAN, FORTRAN 4 pro-
gramming language, Light(Visible 0 radiation),
TPART 1 computer program, TPART 2 com-
puter program.
The report describes two Monte Carlo
procedures that were developed for the pur-
pose of providing calculational tools that could
be used to study the transport of visible and in-
frared light in plane-parallel atmospheres.
These procedures, designated as TPART-I and
TPART-II, treat atmospheric scattering
problems for point and plane parallel
monochromatic sources, respectively. The
TPART procedures consider the effect of
Rayleigh and aerosol scattering and ozone,
water vapor, C02, and aerosol particle absorp-
tion on the transport of light. The procedures
also consider the changes in polarization that
occurs at each scattering event. The input for-
mat of the codes allows one to describe the
scattering and absorption properties of the at-
mosphere as a function of altitude. Provisions
are incorporated for treating the ground sur-
face with an albedo method. The output of the
TPART procedures gives the scattered light in-
tensity at each receiver position as a function of
a polar and azimuthal angle and time. The
procedures were written in FORTRAN-IV lan-
guage for both the CDC-6600 and IBM Direct
Couple Systems. The codes have been verified
through comparisons with results of other cal-
culations of light transport in the atmosphere.
(Author)
AD-723 602/CP PC E01 MF A01
Williams Coll Williamstown Mass
Fourier Analysis of Weather and Wave Data
from Holland, Michigan, July 1970
Technical rept.
William T. Fox, and Richard A. Davis, Jr. 1 May
71 , 84p Rept nos. WC-3, TR-3
Contract N00014-69-C-0151
Prepared in cooperation with Western
Michigan Univ., Kalamazoo.
Descriptors: 'Meteorological parameters,
Fourier analysis, 'Lake waves, Fourier analysis,
'Time series analysis, Spectrum analyzers. Har-
monic analysis, Computer programs, Series,
Michigan, Great Lakes, Atmospheric tempera-
ture. Barometric pressure, Cyclones, Wind.
Identifiers: Holland(Michigan), Wind direction,
Wind velocity, Lake Michigan, Ground water,
Smoothing(Mathematics)4 Spectrum analysis,
Fourier series.
During July, 1970, weather and wave parame-
ters were measured at two hour intervals on the
beach and in the nearshore area two miles
north of Holland, Michigan. Parameters mea-
sured include barometric pressure; wind speed
and direction; air and water temperature; sky
condition; lake and groundwater level, wave
period and height; breaker depth, type,
27
distance and angle; and longshore current
velocity. The computer was used to calculate
the phase and amplitude for the first 15 Fourier
harmonics and to plot the observed data and
cumulative curves. The curves were influenced
by low pressure systems which passed north of
the area of 4, 9, 15 and 19 July. Wave height and
direction are related to cyclonic winds moving
counterclockwise around the low pressure
system. Longshore current velocity can be pre-
dicted as a constant times the derivative of the
barometric pressure. (Author)
AD-723 864/CP PC E01 MF A01
Saclant ASW Research Centre La Spezia (Italy)
Numerical Filtering Techniques for the Time-
Series Analysis of Oceanographic and
Meteorological Data
Technical memo.
Riccardo Pesaresi. 1 Apr 71 , 43p Rept no.
SACLANTCEN-TM-166
Descriptors: "Oceanographic data, 'Time series
analysis, "Meteorological parameters, Time se-
ries analysis, Spectrum analyzers, Pro-
gramming(Computers), Low-pass filters, High-
pass filters, Band-pass filters. Wind, Italy.
Identifiers: 'Spectrum analysis, Wind velocity,
FILTERS 3 computer program, FILTER 4 com-
puter program, ALGOL.
The basic concepts of the numerical filtering
technique, using symmetrical filters is in-
troduced. Two computer programs are
described: one, given certain input informa-
tions, plots the impulse, step and frequency
response and specifies the weights of one of
eight different filter types selected by the user;
the other calculates the minimum number of
weights necessary to achieve a certain frequen-
cy response of the Linnette type filter. (Author)
AD-724 599/CP PC E01 MF A01
Army Electronics Command Fort Monmouth N
J
Data Reduction Program for Rocketsonde
Temperatures
Technical rept.
Bruce W. Kennedy, Elton P. Avara, and Bruce.
T. Miers. Mar71,35p Rept no. ECOM-5367
Descriptors: 'Meteorological parameters, 'Data
processing systems, 'Atmospheric sounding,
Meteorological instruments, Temperature,
Wind, Sounding rockets, Computer programs,
Test methods, Flight testing.
Identifiers: Data reduction, Rocketsondes.
The paper describes a computer program that
simplifies the reduction of temperature data
from routine Meteorological Rocket Network
instruments. The program is versatile enough
to be used with standard and R and D sondes.
Laboratory and flight tests related to tempera-
ture correction are described, and complete
program and coding instructions are
presented. (Author)
AD-726 304/CP PC E01 MF A01
Allied Research Associates Inc Concord Mass
Development of Techniques for the Opera-
tional Use of ITOS Satellite Data by the Fleet
Final rept. 21 May 70-21 May 71
James H Willand, and James R. Greaves. May
71, 131p ARA-8G80-F, FAMOS-TN-2-71
Contract N62306-70-C-0443
Descriptors: 'Meteorological satellites, Data
transmission systems, 'Naval vessels(Support),
Weather communications, "Weather communi-
cations, Data processing systems, Meteorologi-
cal parameters, Display systems, Resolution,
Mapping, Global communication systems. Con-
trol sequences, Computer programs.
Identifiers: *ITOS(lmproved Tiros Operational
Satellites), 'Improved tiros operational satel-
lites, Image enhancement, 'Data compression.
Two broad classes of data processing pro-
grams were developed. The first type extracts
and prepares for transmissio full-resolution
subsets of the original ITOS array. The data
product is ideal for detailed research studies or
for transmission to remote locations not
equipped to directly read out the ITOS sensor
systems. The second class of program com-
presses the original full hemisphere data arrays
by averaging or by selecting maximum or
minimum values. The new array is then
prepared for transmission. This data product is
particularly useful for input to global environ-
mental prediction models. Additional support
programs were developed to output the data
products described above onto either a CRT or
printer display. These displays were used to
perform tradeoffs between the data preparation
and transmission times and the scientific or
meteorological usefulness of the various data
products. It was found that a factor of four
redution in resolution of the original ITOS array
yields a data product which is transmittable in
an acceptable period of time and which is as
useful for most purposes as the original array.
AD-726 628/CP PC E01 MF A01
Drexel Univ Philadelphia Pa Dept of Physics
Diagnostic Studies of Sybsynoptic At-
mospheric Structure
Sumner Barr, Paul E. Long, and Irvin A. Miller.
Sep 70, 72p Scientific-2, AFCRL-70-0617
Contract F19628-69-C-0092
Report on tmospheric Sensing and Prediction
Project.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric motion, Mathemati-
cal models, 'Weather forecasting, Atmosphere
models, Cloud cover, Aerial photographs,
Velocity, Meteorological satellites. Meteorolog-
ical radar, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Themis project, VELOCI computer
program, FORTRAN 4 programming language,
FORTRAN, Spaceborne photography.
A fine mesh diagnostic vertical velocity model is
presented and compared with cloudiness ob-
served from surface satellite observations in
order to document some properties of
subsynoptic atmospheric variations. The model
proves to be useful as a tool for studies on this
scale as indicated by the validation against ob-
served data and independent model prepared
by Krishnamurti. Application of the model to a
series of case studies reveals some aspects of
the interactions between subsynoptic and
larger synoptic scale motion systems and their
characteristic cloud patterns. (Author)
AD-728 128/CP PC E01 MF A01
Army Coastal Engineering Research Center
Washington D C
Storm Surge on the Open Coast: Fundamen-
tals and Simplified Prediction
Technical memo.
B. R. Bodine. May 71 , 65p Rept no. CERC-TM-
35
Errata sheet inserted.
Descriptors: 'Storms, Mathematical models,
'Ocean waves, Seacoast, Construction, Tropi-
cal cyclones, Differential equations, Tides,
Ocean waves. Wind, Barometric pressure.
Hydrodynamics, Simulation, Data processing
systems. Computer programs, Chesapeake
Bay.
Identifiers: 'Storm surges, FORTRAN 4 pro-
gramming language, FORTRAN.
A quasi-two-dimensional numerical model for
open-coast storm-surge computations is
discussed from the standpoint of underlying as-
sumptions, range of validity, calibration, and
application. While it is possible to make compu-
tations manually, electronic digital calculations
are generally preferred. Elementary aspects of
hurricanes and the physical factors of storm-
generation processes are discussed. The basic
hydrodynamic equations are given, together
with the assumptions generally made in their
development. The equations consistent with
the model are reduced forms of the basic equa-
tions in which several terms have been
neglected. These omissions are indicated, and
their effects on the resulting numerical scheme
are discussed. The use of design hurricanes for
engineering studies is treated. Effects of as-
tronomical tide, initial water level, and at-
mospheric-pressure setup are considered. A
problem is solved for the Chesapeake Bay En-
trance by computer and manually. The com-
puter program used is listed. (Author)
AD-729 909/CP PC E01 MF A01
Radiation Research Associates Inc Fort Worth
Tex
Monte Carlo Codes to Study the Transport of
X-Rays and Fluorescent Light in the At-
mosphere
Final rept.
F. O. Leopard, D. G. Collins, and M. B. Wells. 1
Aug 70, 91p Rept no. RRA-T7012
Contract F33657-70-C-0076
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere, X rays, Pro-
gramming(Computers), Electrons, Interactions,
Photoelectric effect, Compton scattering, Ter-
restrial magnetism, Electrostatic fields, Monte
Carlo method, Transport properties,
Fluorescence.
Identifiers: Pair production, AURORA computer
code.
A machine procedure, designated as AURORA,
was developed for use in studies of the effects
of non-local energy deposition by X-rays in the
atmosphere. The AURORA procedure provides
two optional methods of treating the slowing
down in the atmosphere of the electrons
produced by X-ray collisions. The first method
assumes that the earth's magnetic field and the
ambient electrostatic field have no effect on the
path of the electron. The second method as-
sumes that the electrons are trapped by the
earth's magnetic field at the altitude of the X-
ray-electron collision. Modifications were made
to the ZAP procedure to provide for the use of
source angle, source energy, and path length
biasing. The PFLASH procedure was modified
to allow for calculation of the standard devia-
tion of the computed results. Biased sampling
schemes for picking distances between colli-
sions and the polar and azimuthal angle of scat-
tering were incorporated in FLASH. An option
was incorporated in FLASH and DFLASH for
printing their results as a function of the re-
tarded time. A study was performed to deter-
mine the effect of varying the size of the air
fluorescence source volumes used in FLASH on
the results generated by FLASH. A method of
determining the size of the volume increments
is outlined. (Author)
AD-730 748/CP PC E01 MF A01
Systems Science and Software La Jolla Calif
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale
Interactions on Global Climate
Semi-annual technical rept. 15 Feb -1 Sep 71.
30 Sep 71, 213p Rept no. 3SR-795
Contract DAHC04-71-C-0018, ARPA Order-1752
Descriptors: 'Climatology, Atmospheric mo-
tion, 'Atmospheric motion, Mathematical
models, Meteorological parameters, Wind,
Boundary layer, Thermal radiation, Coriolis ef-
fect. Vortices, Numerical analysis, Computer
programs.
Identifiers: HAIFA computer code, Global cli-
matology.
The present study was undertaken in an effort
to improve numerical models for meso-scale
and small-scale effects which influence global
weather and its modification. Two major areas
are being studied: the effects of mountain
ranges on energy and momentum transfer, and
28
the transient interactions of solar radiation with
the earth's atmosphere. It is hoped that the
results of these studies will lead to calcula-
tionally inexpensive prescriptions which can be
incorporated into meso-scale and global-scale
atmospheric circulation codes. (Author)
AD-731 134/CP PC E01 MF A01
Air Force Global Weather Central Offutt AFB
Nebr
Turbulence Forecasting Procedures
Technical memo.
Paul T. Burnett. 15 Dec 70, 84p Rept no.
AFGWC-TM-70-7
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, 'Clear air
turbulence, Wind, Atmospheric sounding, Tur-
bulence, Atmospheric temperature, Boundary
layer, Tropopause.
Identifiers: Planetary boundary layer, MTWV
computer program, HITURB computer pro-
gram, SIXCAT computer program, TELCAT
computer program, Synoptic meteorology.
The Air Force Global Weather Central opera-
tional procedures are described for the
forecasting of low-level mechanical, mountain
wave associated, and clear air turbulence sig-
nificant to aircraft. These procedures involve
both manual and automated diagnostic
techniques for analyzing individual rawinsonde
soundings, data at constant pressure levels,
and data from the AFGWC planetary boundary
layer model. Brief outlines of computational
procedures used in the computer diagnostic
and prognostic programs are included. The
basic forecast procedure is to associate re-
ported turbulent and potentially turbulent areas
with meteorological and orographic features,
forecast the future positions of the meteorolog-
ical features, and re-associate the turbulent
areas. Forecasts of low-level mechanical turbu-
lence rely to a considerable extent on prog-
noses of a numerical turbulence index, index
parameters are the gradient level wind, vertical
motion, low-level atmospheric stability, 3-
hourly sea-level pressure change, and terrain
roughness. Formation of mountain waves is
forecast using an automated adaptation of the
Harrison technique, and considers sea-level
pressure gradients and wind data above the
mountain range. (Author)
AD-731 138/CP PC E01 MF A01
Air Force Global Weather Central Offutt AFB
Nebr
Validation of Meteorological Data
Technical memo.
Thomas M. Kaneshige, and Bernard C. Diesen.
15 Sep 70, 41p Rept no. AFGWC-TM-70-8
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting. Reliability,
Meteorological parameters, Atmospheric
sounding, Atmospheric temperature, Wind,
Program ming(Computers).
Identifiers: RAOB computer program, PIBAL
computer program, ROCOB computer pro-
gram.
The AFGWC computer programs for the valida-
tion of surface, aircraft and upper air (RAOB,
PIBAL, and ROCOB) reports are described. All
reports received in standard codes from the
DoD Automated Weather Network are sub-
jected to a number of validation checks: timeli-
ness, gross error, internal consistency and
deviation from a previous analysis or forecast.
Failure to pass these checks can result in one of
two actions: one or two parameters may be
discarded, or the entire report may be
discarded Validation of data from atmospheric
soundings is discussed in detail. Examples are
given to illustrate the methods used to deter-
mine whether upper air height and/or tempera-
ture data are in error. Missing or garbled upper
air temperature and height data for mandatory
reporting Jevels are recomputed by solving a
system of two simultaneous equations.
Procedures to merge newly validated data with
similar data validated earlier are briefly
described. (Author)
AD-731 570/CP PC E01 MF A01
Goodyear Aerospace Corp Akron Ohio
Investigation of Stability Characteristics of
Tethered Balloon Systems
George R. Doyle, Jr, and Jerome J. Vorachek.
30 Jul 71, 231 p GER-15325. Scientific-2,
AFCRL-71-0406
Contract F1 9628-71 -C-0091
Descriptors: 'Meteorological balloons, Stabili-
ty, 'Mooring, Meteorological balloons, Ca-
bles(Mechanical), Equations of motion, Al-
titude, Wind, Detents, Mathematical models,
Computer programs.
Identifiers: Computer aided analysis, Compu-
terized simulation, 'Tethered balloons, Design
criteria.
An analytical investigation of the dynamic
behavior of tethered balloons is in progress.
The report, the second of three scientific re-
ports, covers a study of stability characteristics
of tethered balloon systems. Balloon systems
which are investigated use the British BJ Bar-
rage Balloon, the Vee Balloon and a Goodyear
Aerospace Model No. 1649 Single-Hull Balloon.
The major tether construction is Columbian
Rope Company's NOLARO utilizing
prestretched polyester filaments. Three design
altitudes, 5,000, 1 0,000 and 20,000 feet, are con-
sidered. The model for the tethered balloon
system consists of the streamlined balloon and
a tether made up of three discrete links. Com-
puter programs for the IBM 360 digital com-
puter are presented to determine the charac-
teristic equations of the systems, and obtain the
roots which represent the frequency and damp-
ing qualities. (Author)
AD-731 574/CP PC E01 MF A01
Alaska Univ College Geophysical Inst
Project SECEDE. Tracking Barium releases
using the TV-TRACK System
Technical rept. 1 6 Dec 70-30 May 71
T. Neil Davis, and S. P. Geller. 20 May 71, 42p
TR-2, RADC-TR-71-195
Contract F30602-70-C-0179, ARPA Order-1057
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding, Upper at-
mosphere, 'Condensation trails, Optical
tracking. Television equipment. Real time.
Computer programs. Digital recording systems,
Position finding.
Identifiers: SECEDE project, 'Chemical release
studies, Barium clouds, INTERDATA-4 com-
puter program.
Described herein is a TC tracking system capa-
ble of real-time visual object tracking. The total
system consists of low-light TV cameras and
communications allowing for data to be sent
from remote sites to a small centrally located
computer. The position of the object that the
three cameras are observing is calculated by
the computer and transmitted to other sites for
the purpose of pointing' other equipment.
Solutions are available once per second. This
report describes the actual use of this system
during the SECEDE 2 test series and some
problems encountered. It also contains enough
detailed information to allow duplication of the
system software or to extract certain portions of
it that may be useful to other applications.
(Author)
AD-731 723/CP PC E01 MF A01
Radiation Research Associates Inc Fort Worth
Tex
Monte Carlo Calculations of the Scattering of
450, 550, and 650 NM Wavelength Light in
Model Atmospheres for Point Isotropic
Sources
Final rept 1 Oct 70-30 Sep 71
Michael B. Wells, Wolfram G. Blaettner, and
Dave G. Collins. 15 Aug 71, 151 p Rept no. RRA-
T7108
Contract N60921 -71 -C-0053
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere, Light transmission,
'Nuclear explosions, Monochromatic light,
Scattering, Absorption, Monte Carlo method,
Programming(Computers), Tables.
Identifiers: Point sources, 'Atmospheric at-
tenuation, 'Atmospheric scattering, Light scat-
tering, FLARE computer program.
The FLARE Monte Carlo procedure, which
computes the transport of monochromatic light
emitted by either point or plane-parallel
sources in a plane atmosphere, was made
operational. The FLARE procedure treats
problems involving light transport in at-
mospheres where the scattering and absorp-
tion processes vary with altitude. The FLARE
procedure was used to compute the scattered
and direct intensities as a function of direction
and horizontal range at receiver altitudes of 0,
1, 2, 5, and 10 km. Problems were run for 550
nm wavelength point isotropic sources at 1, 2,
5, 20 and 80 km altitude in a model atmosphere
with a ground level meteorological range of 10
km. Calculations were made for the 550 nm
wavelength point isotropic source at 2 km al-
titude in model atmospheres with ground level
meteorological ranges of 3, 10, 25, and 50 km.
Additional calculations were also performed for
450, 550, and 650 nm wavelength point isotrop-
ic sources at 2 km altitude in the model at-
mosphere with a 10 km ground level
meteorological range. (Author)
AD-732 205/CP PC E01 MF A01
Environmental Technical Applications Center
(Air Force) Washington D C
Numerical Preprocessing of Rawinsonde
Position Vectors
Technical note
Thomas E. Stanton. Oct 71, 27p Rept no.
USAFETAC-TN-71-11
Descriptors: 'Meteorological balloons,
Tracking, 'Wind, Atmospheric sounding.
Radiosondes, Position finding, Height finding,
Vector analysis, Numerical analysis. Computer
programs.
Identifiers: AN/GMD-4.
Martin-Graham filters are used subsequent to
correction for erroneous data points to smooth
the rawinsonde set AN/GMD-4 spherical mea-
surements. This smoothing produces not only a
corrected wind profile but also allows an or-
derly pressure integration of the hydrostatic
equation. The major data problems besides
high frequency elevation-angle noise include
range jumps and diffraction phenomena. The
range jumps are identified and corrected
through the inspection of first and second dif-
ferences in the range field. The diffraction
phenomena are adjusted by assuming a linear
change in the balloon-ascent-rate field and
reconstructing the elevation angles. Erroneous
data due to other causes are adjusted by com-
paring filtered with raw data and imposing
limitations on the height, wind, and position
vector fields. (Author)
AD-733 227/CP PC E01 MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
An Investigation into the Effect of an Industri-
al Heat and Moisture Source on Local At-
mospheric Conditions
Master's thesis
James Clinton Kraft. Sep 71, 81p
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, Heat, 'Atmospheric
motion, Heat, "Electric power production, Air
pollution, Power plants(Establishments),
Moisture, Temperature, Computer programs,
California, Water vapor, Theses.
Identifiers: 'Thermal pollution, 'Temperature
inversions, Monterey County(California).
29
Using a steam electric generating plant as the
source, an investigation was made into the
local atmospheric effect of a large industrial
heat and moisture source. Data collection was
attempted with ground- and helicopter-borne
equipment with a final resort to the helicopter
when the ground equipment collection
techniques proved unsatisfactory. Cross sec-
tions of temperature and moisture were drawn
from this data and yielded some very interesting
profiles. (Author)
AD-733 284/CP PC E01 MF A01
Army Electronics Command White Sands Mis-
sile Range N Mex Atmospheric Sciences Lab
A Study of Cloud Dynamics Utilizing Stereo-
scopic Photogrammetry
Research and development technical rept.
William H. Hatch. Mar 71, 56p ECOM-5368
Descriptors: 'Clouds, Photogrammetry,
'Photogrammetry, Stereoscopic photography,
Computer programs, Cumulus clouds, Cloud
cover, Height finding.
Identifiers: HCLOUD computer program, Cloud
physics.
A case study in the utilization of stereoscopic
photogrammetry in the investigation of cloud
dynamics is presented. Analysis of a 30-minute
period in the life of an orographic cloud shows
a continuous series of turrets, each lasting ap-
proximately eight minutes, with peaks reaching
24,000 to 26,000 feet MSL. The methods of anal-
ysis and data reduction used are described, and
the computer program written to perform the
analysis computations is presented in the ap-
pendix. (Author)
AD-733 295/CP PC E01 MF A01
Chicago Univ III Lab for Atmospheric Probing
Digital Processing of FM-CW Radar Data
Technical note
Ernst Stratmann, and James I. Metcalf. 16 Aug
71,36p Rept no.TN-6
Grant DA-ARO-D-31-124-71-G71
Prepared in cooperation with Illinois Inst, of
Tech., Chicago. Dept. of Electrical Engineering.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding, Radar
reflections, 'Clear air turbulence. Detection,
Meteorological parameters, Computer pro-
grams, Calibration, Meteorological radar.
Radar echo areas.
Identifiers: FORTRAN, Signal processing.
Quantitative data recorded from a FM-CW radar
provide a unique means of studying the micros-
tructure of radar echoes from the clear at-
mosphere. A computer program is developed to
compute reflectivity from digitized radar signal
data, using a derived power calibration func-
tion, and correcting for range dependence of
the received power. The report discusses the
handling of the data and the derivation of the
calibration equation, and present sample out-
put from the computation including a con-
toured height-time record of reflectivity.
(Author)
AD-733 419/CP PC E01 MF A01
Institute for Storm Research Inc Houston Tex
The B-MALMID-4 Program: Ballistic
Messages at Arbitrary Locations from Mixed
Input Data
Final rept. Feb 70-Jun 71
John C. Freeman, Jr, Joseph C. Calabretta,
Leon F. Graves, Troxel Ballou, and John Zeis.
Jul 71 , 68p ISR-0-04, ECOM-01 15-F
Contract DAEA18-70-C-01 15
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, Impact pre-
diction, 'Guided missile trajectories,
Meteorological parameters, Atmosphere
models, Boundary layer. Weather forecasting,
Mathematical prediction, Pro-
gram ming(Computers).
Identifiers: B-MALMID computer program.
The B-MALMID computer program for comput-
ing ballistic messages at arbitrary locations
from mixed input data is developed along two
lines: (1) There is an analysis program B-MAL-
MID 4 for introducing new data in many forms
and processing to Ballistic Messages, (2) There
is a dynamic sub-routine, (3) ACTIVE LAYER
model, for processing data with full use of the
physics of atmospheric processes to help
spread and remember data. Examples of the
analysis are given using large scale and boun-
dary layer weather estimates as input. (Author)
AD-734 985/CP PC E01 MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Further Verifications of and Experiments to
Improve the Modified Hatrack Scheme for
Forecasting the Motion of Tropical Cyclones
Master's thesis
Stephen Gregory Colgan. Sep 71 , 57p
Descriptors: 'Tropical cyclones, Motion,
'Weather forecasting, Tropical cyclones,
Mathematical prediction. Wind, Atlantic Ocean,
Statistical data, Numerical analysis, Pro-
gramming(Computers), Theses.
Identifiers: Geostrophic wind, Typhoons, Hur-
ricanes, HATRACK program, MODHATR com-
puter program, FORTRAN 4 programming lan-
guage, FORTRAN.
The MODIFIED HATRACK(MODHATR) scheme
for forecasting tropical cyclone motion consists
of a numerical steering component using
geostrophic winds derived from Fleet Numeri-
cal Weather Central's SR height field to steer
the storm center, and a statistical modification
component to correct for bias and improve
forecast accuracy. MODHATR forecasts from
the 1969 and 1970 North Atlantic hurricane
seasons are analyzed, and average errors
presented and compared to earlier years'
results. MODHATR forecasts are shown to be
superior on the average to OFFICIAL forecasts,
NHC-67, and TYRACK forecast schemes for
forecast intervals to 48 hours, with relative ac-
curacy of MODHATR decreasing with time.
(Author)
AD-736 443/CP PC E01 MF A01
IBM Federal Systems Div Burlington Mass Ad-
vanced Systems Design Dept
Atmospheric Model Evaluation
Final rept. Jan 70-Sep 71
Arnold S. Bramson, and Jack W. Slowey. Nov
71,61pAFCRL-71-0543
Contract F19628-70-C-0085
Descriptors: 'Upper atmosphere, "Atmosphere
models, 'Satellites(Artificial), Position finding,
'Computer programs, Instruction manuals, Or-
bital trajectories, Perturbation theory.
Identifiers: Evaluation.
The report documents a computer program
which has been developed for testing and
evaluating atmospheric models. The present
version of the program contains ten such
models which have been evaluated using a
variety of staellite orbits as test data. An impor-
tant feature of the program is an ephemeris
generator which requires considerably less
computer time than a standard numerical in-
tegration technique. This procedure is docu-
mented in Appendix B. Complete instructions
for running the program are given in Appendix
A, and a description of the ten atmospheric
models presently contained in the program may
be found in Appendix C. (Author)
AD-736 529/CP PC E01 MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Calculation of Levels of Relative Contribution
of the Carbon-Dioxide Channel Radiance
from TIROS VII in the Case of a Large-Scale
Stratospheric Warming in January 1964
.Master's thesis
Larry Lee Giauque. Sep 71 , 62p
Descriptors'. 'Atmospheric temperature, Strato-
sphere, 'Stratosphere, Heating, Thermal radia-
tion, Meteorological satellites, Computer pro-
grams, Statistical analysis. Carbon dioxide,
Spectra(lnfrared), Theses.
Identifiers: TIROS 7 satellite, TIROS, 'Remote
sensing, Stratospheric warming.
A case study of a winter stratospheric warming
in the western hemisphere in January 1964
between 60 degrees and 40 degrees north
latitudes was conducted. Utilizing TIROS VII
radiance data and analyzed height fields, a
stepwise regression equation was determined
to specify lower stratospheric layer tempera-
tures. These temperatures were used with stan-
dard atmospheric temperatures to construct a
sounding for use in a radiance computer pro-
gram. Finally, this computed radiance was
compared to regression values to determine if
prediction and study of stratospheric warmings
are valid and useful. (Author)
AD-736 798/CP PC E01 MF A01
Air Force Global Weather Central Offutt AFB
Nebr
Improved Three Dimensional Nephanalysis
Model
Technical memo.
Allen R. Coburn. 1 Jun 71, 81p Rept no.
AFGWC-TM-71-2
Descriptors: 'Cloud cover, Photointerpretation,
"Data processing systems, Meteorological
satellites, 'Weather forecasting, Automation,
Photographic reconnaissance. Infrared
photography, Spaceborne, Computer pro-
grams, Meteorological parameters.
Identifiers: Remote sensing, Nephanalysis,
3DNEPH computer program, 'Spaceborne
photography.
The AFGWC objective three-dimensional com-
puter program (3DNEPH) produces high resolu-
tion, three-dimensional analyses of clouds in
the atmosphere. A horizontal grid spacing of
approximately 25 nautical miles is used.
Analyses are made for 15 layers from the earth's
surface to 55,000 feet MSL, with highest vertical
resolution near the surface (150 feet depth for
layer 1 ) and lowest vertical resolution at the top
of the model (20,000 feet depth for layer 15).
The program is a stream of individual proces-
sors. The improved program has added a
processor to permit forecaster-prepared data to
be used, a satellite infrared data processor, a
forecast processor and a verification processor.
The improved version also includes improve-
ments to the other processors. A description of
each major processor is included. Selected
samples of displayed data are shown. (Author)
AD-737 395/CP PC E01 MF A01
Naval Academy Annapolis Md Div of Engineer-
ing and Weapons
Computer Aided Nucleation Nozzle Design
Technical rept.
Andrew A. Pouring. Oct 71 , 58p Rept no. EW-
72-1
Contract DI-14-06-D-71 19
Descriptors: 'Spray nozzles, Design, 'Artificial
precipitation, Spray nozzles, Mathematical
models, Nozzle throats, Nucleation, Nozzle gas
flow, Equations of motion, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Computer aided design, Nucleation
nozzles, Sonic nozzles, Inviscid flow.
As an aid to designing nozzles for use in the
homogeneous seeding of clouds, the one-
dimensional equations of motion for a com-
pressible, inviscid flow of air and water vapor
are solved together with the classical nuclea-
tion rate equations for any arbitrary nozzle
profile. The occurrence of Shockwaves at high
initial humidities is sensed and transition calcu-
lated by the Rankin-Hugoniot shock relations.
Onset of condensation in the nozzle is observa-
30
ble by plots of condensate versus distance;
other thermodynamic parameters are also ob-
tained. Results are compared with previous ex-
perimental findings and limitations of the
design procedure are discussed. (Author)
AD-737 802/CP PC E01/MF A01
Gca Corp Bedford Mass Gca Technology Div
A Batloon-Borne Aerosol Counter
Final rept. 17 Apr 70-20 Nov 71
Henry A. Miranda, Jr, and John Dulchinos. Jan
72, 71 p GCA-TR-71 -3-A, AFCRL-71 -041 6
Contract F19628-70-C-0265
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding, Aerosols,
'Stratosphere, 'Aerosols, Meteorological in-
struments, Counting methods. Meteorological
balloons, Particle size, Gas lasers, Scattering,
Environmental tests. Power supplies, Record-
ing systems, Calibration, Computer programs.
Flight testing.
Identifiers: Mie scattering, Helium neon lasers.
A balloon-borne aerosol counter which sam-
ples and sizes individual particles to an accura-
cy of plus or minus 10 percent over an order of
magnitude size range extending down to 0.1 -
0.2 micron diameter regime, has been success-
fully flown. The device is completely self-con-
tained and recoverable. The data are recorded
on 9-channel magnetic tape in digital format
compatible with an IBM 360 computer, and are
processed automatically. Stratospheric aerosol
size distributions have been obtained in incre-
ments of one and two kilometers, up to and in-
cluding balloon float altitudes (above 23 km).
These represent the first such direct informa-
tion available, and are presented here in
preliminary form. A description of the device,
together with a discussion of calibration and
automatic data reduction procedures, as well
as recommendations for improvements in the
latter, is given. (Author)
AD-739 166/CP PC E01/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
Photo-Equilibrium of Barium
Environmental research papers
Gordon T. Best, and Victor L. Corbin. 30 Nov 71 ,
38p Rept nos. AFCRL-71 -0600, AFCRL-ERP-
377
Descriptors: 'Barium, 'Gas ionization,
"Atmospheric sounding, Barium, Electron
transitions, Atomic energy levels, Photon bom-
bardment, Emissivity, Excitation, Chemical
equilibrium. Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Photoionization, Chemical release
studies.
A model for numerical simulation of the solar
pumping of a simple atomic system is con-
structed and compared with the exact analyti-
cal solution. The process is then extended to
cover the more complex 5-level 5-transition
barium ion term scheme and the 61-level 86-
transition barium neutral term scheme. An ad-
vantage of the step-wise simulation is that in
addition to yielding the equilibrium relative
level populations and transition intensities, it
also permits the dynamic grow-in to equilibri-
um to be studied. The neutral barium system
has also been studied with the inclusion of
photoionization from each of several metasta-
ble levels. (Author)
AD-739 541/CP PC E01/MF A01
Systems Science and Software La Jolla Calif
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale
Interactions on Global Climate
Semi-Annual technical rept. 1 Sep 71-1 Mar 72.
31 Mar 72, 220p 3SR-1034, AROD-9951 :1
Contract DAHC04-71-C-0018, ARPA Order-1752
See also report dated 30 Sep 71 , AD-730 748.
Descriptors: 'Climatology, Atmospheric mo-
tion, 'Atmospheric motion, Mathematical
models, Meteorological parameters, Wind,
Boundary layer, Mountains, Thermal radiation,
Heat transfer, Coriolis effect. Numerical analy-
sis, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Global climatology, HAIFA com-
puter code, Finite difference theory,
Hydrometeorology.
The results reported are part of a continuing
study to improve numerical models for meso-
scale and small-scale effects which influence
global weather and its modification. The two
major areas being studied are the effects of
mountain ranges on energy and momentum
transfer and the transient interaction of solar
radiation with the Earth's atmosphere. A new
theoretical and numerical scheme for solving
the radiative transfer equation in the Earth's at-
mosphere has been developed. Some improve-
ments in the treatment of Mie scattering are
presented, and the overall status of the radia-
tion code is reviewed. (Author)
AD-740 093/CP PC A18/MF A01
Rand Corp Santa Monica Calif
A Documentation of the Mintz-Arakawa Two-
Level Atmospheric General Circulation Model
W. L. Gates, E. S. Batten, A. B. Kahle, and A. B.
Nelson. Dec71,417p Rept no. R-877-ARPA
Contract DAHC15-67-C -01 41, ARPA Order-1 89-
1
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric motion, Mathemati-
cal models, Atmosphere models, Computer
programs, Partial differential equations, Equa-
tions of motion, Heat transfer, Solar radiation,
Wind, Atmospheric temperature, Cloud cover,
Atmospheric precipitation, Barometric pres-
sure, Terrain, Maps.
Identifiers: Global climatology, FORTRAN,
Finite difference theory.
Summary of the physical bases of the Mintz-
Arakawa two-level atmospheric model and
presentation of numerical procedures and
computer program for its execution. Discussion
covers the physics of the model, with particular
attention given to the treatment of the moisture
and heat sources, including parameterization
of convective processes, cloudiness, and radia-
tion. Numerical approximations and finite-dif-
ference equations used in the numerical simu-
lations are also given. To facilitate the use of
this model, a complete listing of the code as
written in FORTRAN language is given,
together with a description of all constants and
parameters used. Also included are a dictionary
of FORTRAN variables and a dictionary of prin-
cipal physical features. (Author)
AD-742 776/CP PC E01/MF A01
Stanford Univ Calif Stanford Electronics Labs
Direction Finding on Whistlers and Related
VLF Signals
Technical rept.
Michael D. Cousins. May 72, 201p Rept nos. SU-
SEL-72-013, TR-3432-2
Contract N00014-67-A-01 12-0012
Descriptors: 'Whistlers, Direction finding, Very
low frequency, Ionospheric propagation, Mag-
netosphere, Loop antennas, Circuits, Fourier
analysis, Integral transforms, Computer pro-
grams.
The direction of arrival of whistlers and related
VLF signals has been measured by a new
technique. This technique consists of applying
an already existing theory (the 'four-parameter
method') to data collected by a novel measure-
ment procedure. Measurements of signals in-
duced in orthogonal loop antennas and a verti-
cal monopole located at a single site provide
the necessary data. The four-parameter theory
relates the loop and vertical voltages, taking
into account both amplitudes and phases so
that polarization error may be eliminated. The
technique can be shown equal or superior in
accuracy to any other VLF direction-finding
scheme in current use, such as the standard
crossed-loops-and-goniometer technique.
(Author)
AD-743 301/CP PC E01/MF A01
Weather Wing (4th) Ent AFB Colo
Applying a Window Pane Technique to the
Colorado Springs Snow Study
Robert C. Sabin. Jan 72, 25p Rept no. 4WW-
Technical Paper-72-1
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, 'Snow,
Computer programs, Meteorological charts,
Correlation techniques.
The paper supplements 4 WWg Technical
Paper 70-5, 'Predicting Heavy Snowfall for
Colorado Springs Based on Computer Derived
Synoptic Map Types' (AD 718422). The success
of the map typing technique described in
4WWTP 70-5 depends upon the size of the area
or 'window' selected for typing. In the Colorado
Springs snow study the map size chosen
covered an area of 10 degrees latitude and 15
degrees longitude. Since this is approximately
the size of a synoptic scale disturbance, the
map types which were developed gave a good
indication of the general circulation pattern
required for heavy snow. However, where heavy
snowfall is influenced by the local area flow su-
perimposed upon the broader scale features, it
is possible that the circulation pattern could
correlate highly with a snow type and still not
produce the forecast snowfall. The paper
describes an attempt to zero-in on the small
scale circulation by correlating only one corner
of the large window. (Author)
AD-743 549/CP PC E01/MF A01
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co Palo Alto Calif
Palo Alto Research Lab
Trapped Radiation Studies Involving Plasma
Instabilities and Radial Diffusion
Annaul rept. Jan 71-Feb 72
John B. Cladis, Gerald T. Davidson, William E.
Francis, Walter I . Futterman, and Lester L.
Newkirk. Apr 72, 52p LMSC/D246353, DNA-
2824F
Contract DASA01-71-C-0047
Descriptors: 'Magnetosphere, Charged parti-
cles, 'Plasma medium, Stability, Van Allen
radiation belt, Electromagnetic waves. Interac-
tions, Cyclotron resonance phenomena,
Dispersion relations, Wave functions, Curve
fitting. Computer programs, Nuclear explo-
sions, Airburst, Plasma oscillations.
Identifiers: Vlasov equation, Microinstabilities,
Computerized simulation.
The generation of unstable waves in the mag-
netosphere is reviewed, with emphasis on
waves occurring near the trapped particles'
gyrofrequencies. Relativistic modifications to
the basic theory are described. The evolution of
trapped particles' distribution (diffusion) is
discussed, and the non linear theories of wave
propagation and growth are invoked as the
means whereby the evolution of the distribution
functions can be studied. It is pointed out that,
because of difficulties in the analytic theories,
computer simulation may be the most certain
technique for investigating effects of unstable
waves on particles. Some particular unsolved
problems are indicated, with special emphasis
on trapping of artificially injected electrons.
The development of a computer program which
simulates actual physical processes in the mag-
netosphere is described. (Author)
AD-743 760/CP PC E01/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
A Statistical Model of Atmospheric Tempera-
ture Signals
Master's thesis
31
Edward Marvin Kline. Mar 72, 62p
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric temperature, Mathe-
matical models, Statistical analysis, Turbu-
lence, Computer programs, Theses.
The 'ramp' is an often observed feature in tem-
perature fluctuations during unstable at-
mospheric conditions. It is characterized by a
gradual increase in temperature followed by a
sudden drop to an ambient level. This ramp
clearly distinguishes temperature signals from
other turbulence signals such as velocity. Three
different ramp-type atmospheric temperature
fluctuations and their derivatives are con-
structed and statistically examined for the
parameters skewness and coefficient of excess.
These statistical values are compared with
values obtained from actual signals. (Author)
AD-743 934/CP PC E01/MF A01
Northeastern Univ Boston Mass Dept of Mathe-
matics
Certain Finite Difference Methods for the
Solution of Large Scale Circulation Problems
Final rept. 1 Dec 68-20 Nov 71
Robert D. Klein, Jack C. Mettauer, Vito P.
Maglione, and Stanley L. Spiegel. 1 Jan 72, 60p
AFCRL-72-0155
Contract F19628-69-C-0001
Descriptors: "Atmospheric motion. Mathemati-
cal models. Equations of motion, Difference
equations, Computer programs, Partial dif-
ferential equations, Integration, Numerical
analysis.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric circulation, Finite dif-
ference theory, FORTRAN 4 programming lan-
guage, FORTRAN, GAUJOR computer program.
Program environments suitable for the in-
vestigation of a large number of different grid
systems and algorithms relevant for the solu-
tion of large scale meteorological circulation
problems are presented. One of them employs a
mixed grid system to solve the barotropic
problem. Inconsistencies arising from linear in-
terpolation between the grids followed by nu-
merical differentiation are examined. Also, a
spherical grid system with flexibility of defini-
tion on the globe is described and the relation-
ship necessary for its use in a finite differencing
scheme are developed. Additionally, a program
is presented which is useful for calculating the
parameters needed for the numerical evalua-
tion of arbitrary differential operators using in-
formation from arbitrarily selected grid points.
(Author)
AD-743 948/CP PC E01/MF A01
Naval Electronics Lab Center San Diego Calif
Mode Conversion Program for an In-
homogeneous Anisotropic Ionosphere
Interim rept., Jun 71-Apr 72
Richard A Pappert, and Linda R. Shockey. 1
May 72, 69p Rept no. NELC-IR-722
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric propagation, Numer-
ical analysis, Computer programs, Very low
frequency, Electron density, Terrestrial mag-
netism, Magnetic fields, Electric fields,
Waveguides.
Identifiers: FORTRAN 4 programming lan-
guage, FORTRAN.
The report presents a program for numerically
determining mode conversion coefficients and
mode sums for a waveguide which is in-
homogeneous along the direction of propaga-
tion. The program allows for vertical in-
homogeneity of the ionosphere as well as its
anisotropy due to the geomagnetic field. The
model assumes the perturbation has no
horizontal space dependence perpendicular to
the transmitter receiver line. Mode conversion
coefficients are obtained by ignoring reflec-
tions associated with the inhomogeneity along
the direction of propagation. The latter as-
sumption greatly simplifies the calculations and
appears to be justified for a broad class of
horizontal inhomogeneities. However, its validi-
ty under severe artificial ionospheric
disturbances requires further study. (Author)
AD-744 094/CP PC E01/MF A01
Raytheon Co Wayland Mass Equipment
Development Labs
Pulse Pair Estimation of Doppler Spectrum
Parameters
Final rept. 1 Feb-31 Jan 72
Herbert L. Groginsky, Aaron S. Soltes, George
A. Works, and Frederick C. Benham. 30 Mar 72,
158pAFCRL-72-0222
Contract F1 9628-71 -C-01 26
Descriptors: 'Meteorological radar, 'Radar
reflections, 'Weather forecasting, 'Doppler
radar, White noise, Signal-to-noise ratio,
Statistical analysis, Random variables, Doppler
effect, Curve fitting, Graphics, Computer pro-
grams. Real time, Backscattering.
Identifiers: Signal processing, Spectrum analy-
sis, FORTRAN.
The results of an expanded study and investiga-
tion of the Pulse Pair technique for estimating
the first and second moments (mean and vari-
ance) of doppler spectra for radar backscatter
from atmospheric phenomena are presented.
The theory is extended to include the effects of
non-ideal conditions, such as noise, and ex-
perimentally verified by extensive performance
tests using simulated weather signals with con-
trollable parameters. A proposed experimental
model of a real-time digital pulse pair processor
is defined and compared with alternate
processing techniques. Based on the en-
couraging results of the study, recommenda-
tions are made to carry the theory into practice;
these include the construction of a real-time
digital pulse pair processor with flexiable
characteristics to gather and reduce data for
evaluation while operating with real radars, and
the development of additional related theory
needed to guide the experimental effort.
(Author)
AD-744 833/CP PC E01/MF A01
General Electric Co Philadelphia Pa Space Div
A Compendium of Optical Interferometer
Results on Secede II
Final technical rept.
Irwin M. Pikus, and Gerald Liebling. 31 Jan 72,
61pRADC-TR-72-122
Contract F30602-71-C-0064, ARPA Order-1057
Report on Project Secede.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding, Upper at-
mosphere, Interferometers, Barium, Calibra-
tion, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Secede 2 project, 'Chemical release
studies, Barium clouds. Data reduction.
Project Secede is an ARPA program aimed at
solving certain defense related problems
through the study of chemical releases in the
ionosphere. The' chemical of primary interest
has been barium. The aspects of the release
which are of most interest include the growth of
the cloud and the evolution of its striated struc-
ture. Several test series of releases have been
conducted the latest of which was Secede II.
The present report concerns data obtained dur-
ing Secede II by an optical interferometer. The
report consists of a number of data volumes
and this one summary textual volume. Inter-
ferometer data on events Spruce, Olive,
Redwood and Plum has been reduced and
photographs of representative IO records on
Spruce have been made. The interferometer
data is presented in detail in the Event Data
Books published separately while the IO
records on Spruce are reproduced in this
volume. (Author)
AD-745 319/CP PC E01/MF A01
Visidyne Inc Woburn Mass
A High Altitude Radiance Model
Final rept. 17 Mar71-14 May 72
Thomas C. Degges. 14 May 72, 218p VI-91 ,
AFCRL-72-0273
Contract F1 9628-71 -C-01 56
Descriptors: 'Upper atmosphere, 'Infrared
radiation, Background, Infrared spectroscopy,
Computer programs, Chemical reactions,
Molecular spectroscopy, Chemiluminescence,
Airglow.
Identifiers: SNAPS 2 computer program,
BCKGND computer program, SPCTRA com-
puter program.
A physical model that includes experimental
data on and theoretical estimates of excitation
processes that lead to emission of infrared
radiation has been implemented in a computer
program that computes infrared radiances for
an earth's limb viewing geometry. The nominal
spectral region of this study lies between five
and twenty-five micrometers and emphasis is
placed on radiation originating at altitudes
between 70 and 500 km. An earlier model for
the transport of infrared radiation in molecular
bands with Doppler line shape, accurate only
for linear molecules, has been extended to
bands of polyatomic molecules. A chemistry
program which includes the effects of vertical
transport by eddy mixing and molecular diffu-
sion has been developed to make possible an
estimate of diurnal variation in the abundances
of infrared emitting species. (Author)
AD-745 946/CP PC E01/MF A01
Air Force Flight Dynamics Lab Wright-Patter-
son AFB Ohio
Atmospheric Turbulence Field Parameters
Determination
Final rept.
Robert L. Neulieb, Jan N. Garrison, and Dennis
J. Golden. Apr 72, 50p Rept no. AFFDL-TR-72-
51
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric motion, Curve
fitting, 'Gust loads, Aircraft, Aerodynamic load-
ing, Structural properties, Graphics, Computer
programs, Confidence limits.
Identifiers: GUSTP computer program, FOR-
TRAN, LO-LOCAT project.
A Newton-Raphson least squares percentage
error method is developed for the determina-
tion of atmospheric turbulence field parame-
ters. A correction function is proposed to
deemphasize the effects of data points with low
statistical confidence. The method is used on
various sets of LO-LOCAT data to demonstrate
the excellence of the curve fits obtained. Com-
parisons are made with other curve fits found in
the literature. It is recommended that this
method be adopted as the standard method for
the determination of atmospheric turbulence
field parameters. (Author)
AD-746 314/CP PC E01/MF A01
Thayer School of Engineering Hanover N H
Radiophysics Lab
Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances
Final rept. 1 Oct 67-30 Sep 71
Carlos H. J. Calderon, and Millett G. Morgan. 31
Oct 71 , 1 76 AFCR L-72-0234
Contract F19628-68-C-0099
Doctoral thesis.
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric disturbances.
Theory, Atmospheric sounding, Ionospheric
propagation, Radio waves, Computer pro-
grams.
Identifiers: 'Traveling ionospheric
disturbances. Internal gravity waves.
A general study of travelling ionospheric
disturbances (T. I. D. s) has been undertaken.
In the theoretical aspect, the gravity-wave reso-
32
nant mode has been studied and the concept of
an ionospheric predictive function has been in-
troduced. In the experimental aspect the digital
data processing portion of the Dartmouth
ionosonde network has been brought into
operation and seven T.I.D. events have been
analyzed with it. The data have been interpreted
in light of Hooke's theory and substantial
agreement has been found. (Author)
AD-746 678/CP PC E01/MF A01
Stevens Inst of Tech Hoboken N J Dept of
Mechanical Engineering
A Compendium of the Mechanical Properties
of Polyethylene Balloon Films
Harold Alexander, and Dan Weissmann. Jan 72,
148p ME-RT-72001, Scientific-2, AFCRL-72-
0068
Contract F19628-69-C-0069
Report on Project SABAR.
Descriptors: "Polyethylene plastics, Mechanical
properties, 'Balloons, Polyethylene plastics,
Films, Test methods. Low-temperature
research, Loading(Mechanics), Computer pro-
grams, Failure(Mechanics), Stresses.
Identifiers: 'Polymeric films.
During the process of establishing test
procedures that can be used in determining the
suitability of various polyethylene films for bal-
loon use and in subsequent testing of various
balloon and balloon candidate materials much
information has been collected on the
mechanical properties of these films and the
structural factors affecting them. This informa-
tion includes the results of an extensive low
temperature biaxial failure test sequence, a
detailed discussion of the relationship of struc-
ture to mechanical properties and mechanical
behavior, experimentation for the establish-
ment of a failure criterion for balloon films the
development of an approximate constitutive
theory for polyethylene balloon films, and a
discussion of the effect of orientation balance
on mechanical properties. It is the purpose of
the report to place this information at the
disposal of the ballooning community. (Author)
AD-748 283/CP PC E01/MF A01
Gca Corp Bedford Mass Gca Technology Div
Infrasonic Data Reduction
Final rept. Mar 68-Dec 70
George Ohring. Dec 70, 37p GCA-TR-70-9-A,
AFCRL-72-0429
Contract F19628-68-C-0305
Descriptors: 'Microbarometric waves. Data
processing systems. Power spectra, Spectrum
analyzers. Signal-to-noise ratio. Mathematical
models
Identifiers: 'Signal processing, Digital filters.
Data reduction, MAXLKH computer program,
'Infrasonic radiation, Wiener filters.
A multi-channel prediction-error filter
technique is developed for suppressing noise
on infrasonic signals. The technique uses sam-
ples of noise prior to a signal for deriving a
Wierner prediction filter that is used to predict
the noise during the first motion of the in-
frasonic signal A computer program entitled
MAXLKH is written to carry out the filtering
technique. Application of the technique to ac-
tual infrasonic records indicates that noise has
some degree of predictability and, hence, an
enhancement of the infrasonic signal results.
Further tests are suggested to quantify the
amount of noise suppression and to optimize
technique parameters such as filter length and
prediction span. A discussion of the computer
program is included. (Author)
AD-748 796/CP PC E01/MF A01
Air Force .Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
Arctic Ionosphere Modelling - Five Related
Papers
Air Force surveys in geophysics
George J. Gassmann, Jurgen Buchau,
Rosemarie A. Wagner, Charles P. Pike, and
Martin G. Hurwitz. 16 May 72, 61 p Rept nos.
AFCRL-72-0305, AFCRL-AFSIG-241
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, Arctic regions,
'Atmosphere models, Ionosphere, Ionospheric
propagation. Ionospheric disturbances, Au-
rorae, Ionization, Electron density. Computer
programs.
Identifiers: Auroral sporadic E layer, F region,
lonograms.
Contents:
Instantaneous versus averaged ionosphere;
Modelling the auroral E-layer;
Model of arctic sporadic E;
Modelling the arctic F-layer;
Coordinate conversion and other computer
programs for arctic ionospheric
research.
AD-749 285/CP PC E01/MF A01
Ohio State Univ Research Foundation Colum-
bus
A Study of Charged Particle Motion in a Free
Vortex Flowfield
Interim technical rept.
R.A.Cudnick, and H. R. Velkoff. Jul 72, 135p
TR-12, AROD-4942:17-E
Contract DA-31-124-ARO(D)-246
Master's thesis.
Descriptors: 'Charged particles. Particle trajec-
tories, 'Particle trajectories, Electrostatic fields,
'Atmospheric motion, Charged particles. Flow
fields. Tornadoes, Dust storms, Vortices, Gas
ionization, Magnetohydrodynamics, Differential
equations, Computer programs, Graphics,
Theses.
Identifiers: Gas dynamics, Dust devils.
A study was made of charged particle motion in
a free-vortex flow field to determine the
parameters affecting particle motion and to
determine the extent to which applied electric
fields can influence the particle motion. Four
different cases were investigated. These in-
cluded first, the analysis of the motion of an
uncharged particle in a free-vortex; second,
analysis of the motion of a charged particle in a
viscous medium under the influence of an ap-
plied electrostatic field; third, analysis of
charged particle motion in a free-vortex under
the influence of the applied electrostatic field,
assuming the particle is first positively and then
negatively charged; and fourth, analysis of the
motion of two charged particles in a free-vor-
tex, accounting for field effects due to particle
charge. (Author)
AD-750 082/CP PC E01/MF A01
Army Electronics Command White Sands Mis-
sile Range N Mex Atmospheric Sciences Lab
A Two-Dimensional Short-Range Fog
Forecast Model
Research and development technical rept.
Charles A. Ill Doswell. May 72, 76p ECOM-5443
Descriptors: 'Fog, 'Weather forecasting, Wind,
Vortices, Diurnal variations, Partial differential
equations, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Numerical weather forecasting,
Finite difference theory, FORTRAN 5 pro-
gramming language, FORTRAN, Fog dispersal.
A two-dimensional dynamical model is
developed for the specific purpose of forecast-
ing fog for time periods of as much as eight
hours on a local scale Time-dependent winds
are generated by calculating a streamfunction
from a model-produced vorticity field. A diurnal
variation at the surface is simulated by
sinusoidally varying boundary conditions on
temperature. Surface terrain effects can be in-
corporated through boundary conditions to
provide a means of adapting the method to a
particular location. Only grosser features of
microphysical processes have been incor-
porated, and the values of the wind forecasts
are limited by the inability of a two-dimensional
model in the X-2 plane to include synoptic-
scale variations. Fine-scale data are required
for the model, which is thereby well-suited to
provide forecast support for such activities as
fog modification experiments. (Author)
AD-750 083/CP PC E01/MF A01
Army Electronics Command White Sands Mis-
sile Range N Mex Atmospheric Sciences Lab
An Iterative Method for Saturation Adjust-
ment
Research and development technical rept.
Charles A. Ill Doswell. Jun 72, 28p ECOM-5444
Descriptors: 'Water, 'Phase studies, 'Fog,
Mathematical models. Weather forecasting,
Mathematical prediction. Computer programs.
Numerical analysis.
Identifiers: Computerized simulation, Numeri-
cal weather forecasting, Weather modification,
Fog dispersal, FORTRAN, FORTRAN 5 pro-
gramming language.
A fast and accurate technique for iterative solu-
tion of the saturation adjustment problem is
developed. The method is intended for use on
digital computers, and a sample FORTRAN pro-
gram is provided. Results (for vapor pressures)
are accurate to the order of 0.01 mb. (Author)
AD-750 727/CP PC E01/MF A01
Systems Science and Software La Jolla Calif
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale
Interactions on Global Climate
Semiannual technical rept. 15 Feb-14Aug 72.
1 5 Sep 72, 202p 3SCR-72-1255, AROD-9951 :4-A
Contract DAHC04-71-C-0018, ARPA Order-1752
Descriptors: 'Climatology, Atmospheric mo-
tion, 'Atmospheric motion, Mathematical
models, Meteorological parameters. Wind, Tur-
bulence, Coriolis effect, Heat transfer. Thermal
radiation, Mountains, Subroutines.
Identifiers: Global climatology, HAIFA com-
puter code, Finite difference theory, FORTRAN.
The results reported herein are the continua-
tion of numerical studies of meso-scale
phenomena related to the effects of orography
on momentum and energy transfer in the at-
mosphere and the interaction of solar radiation
with the Earth's atmosphere.
AD-751 267/CP PC E01/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
Modeling the Bottomside Ionospheric Elec-
tron Density Profile
Environmental research papers
Robert E. Cookingham. 5 Jun 72, 69p Rept nos.
AFCRL-72-0340, AFCRL-ERP-401
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, 'Electron density,
"Ionospheric propagation, High frequency.
Diurnal variations, Curve fitting, Graphics,
Mathematical models, Computer programs.
Identifiers: F2 region, ARLINE computer pro-
gram.
A model describing the mid-latitude bottomside
electron density profile is presented. The only
geophysical input parameters required for the
model are critical frequency, M-factor, planeta-
ry index (Ap), and 2800 MHz solar radio flux. An
empirically-determined formula for calculating
H(m)F2 is derived and used in the model. This
formula is a function of the M-factor, local time,
day number and magnetic activity. The results
obtained by comparing predicted profiles to
observed electron density profiles are
presented in the form of mean percentage er-
33
rors as a function of height and local time. The
New Model IS COMPARED TO A MODEL CUR-
RENTLY IN OPERATIONAL USE AND IS
SHOWN TO BE A 10 TO 20 PERCENT IM-
PROVEMENT. (Author)
AD-751 517/CP PC E01/MF A01
Ghana Univ Legon Dept of Physics
Total Electron Measurements of the Iono-
sphere using Beacon Satellites BEB(S66) and
BEC
Final rept. Oct 64-Jul 67
John R. Koster, and Llewellyn G. Grimes. 1 Jun
67,114pAFCRL-72-0562
Contract AF 61 (052)-800
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, Electron density,
Scientific satellites, Ionospheric propagation,
Radio waves. Polarization, Tables, Computer
programs, Magneto-optic effect, Ghana.
Identifiers: Polarized electromagnetic radia-
tion, FORTRAN, FORTRAN 2 programming lan-
guage, Faraday effect. Beacon satellites.
The report describes the physical principles in-
volved in measuring the Total Electron Content
(TEC) together with the equipment used.
Details are also given of the main steps in the
computer program used to calculate the TEC.
The report deals with the TEC results measured
simultaneously at two stations. This provides a
means of testing the consistency of the results
obtained using the first and second order
theory. The report contains the tabulated
results of the values of the TEC as measured at
Legon. The results cover the period October
1964 to July 1967 and are given for both the first
and second order theory. Various appendices
give the source programs (in Fortran II) used in
the calculations. (Author)
AD-751 590/CP PC E01/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Hurricane Heat Potential of the North Atlantic
and North Pacific Oceans
Master's thesis
Richard Francis Heffernan. Sep 72, 107p
Descriptors: "Atlantic Ocean, Surface tempera-
tures, 'Pacific Ocean, Surface temperatures,
'Tropical cyclones, Potential energy, Correla-
tion techniques, Bathythermograph data, Ther-
moclines, Computer programs, Theses, Hur-
ricane tracking.
Identifiers: North Atlantic Ocean, North Pacific
Ocean, Ocean surface.
The thesis has two primary objectives, the first
is to produce a Monthly Mean Hurricane Heat
Potential Atlas based upon bathythermograph
data for selected regions in the Tropical Atlan-
tic and Pacific Oceans (this atlas also includes
Mean Monthly Sea Surface Temperatures,
Mean Monthly Depths of the 26C Isotherm, and
Mean Monthly Layer Depths). The second ob-
jective is to compute changes in sea surface
temperature and in the convective layer depth
which would be associated with heat loss from
the ocean in a severe tropical storm passage.
Upwelling effects upon these quantities has
been considered by other authors.
AD-751 780/CP PC E01/MF A01
Army Electronics Command White Sands Mis-
sile Range N Mex Atmospheric Sciences Lab
A General-Purpose Meteorological Rocket
Data Reduction Program
Research and development technical rept.
Mary Ann B. Seagraves. Aug 72, 1 23p ECOM-
5462
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding, Data
processing systems, 'Computer programs, In-
struction manuals, Wind, Atmospheric tem-
perature, Barometric pressure, Density,
Meteorological radar, Sounding rockets.
Ozone.
Identifiers: METROC computer program,
Univac 1108 computers, Data reduction, FOR-
TRAN.
METROC is a general-purpose meteorological
rocket data reduction program designed to be
run on the Univac 1108 computer system at
White Sands Missile Range, New Mexico
(WSMR). Wind data may be input on cards or
may be computed from radar data input on
digital tape. Temperature data may be input on
data cards. Layer winds are computed for
selected altitudes, as are corrected tempera-
tures. Pressure and densities are derived by
using the hydrostatic equations and an initial
data point from a conjunctive rawinsonde mea-
surement. Some specially formatted data may
be output to meet project requirements at
WSMR. (Author)
AD-752 141/CP PC E01/MF A01
Virginia Inst of Marine Science Gloucester
Point
Forecasting Storm-Induced Beach Changes
along Virginia's Ocean Coast
Final rept.
Wyman Harrison, Paul A. Bullock, and N. A.
Pore. 31 Dec 71 , 1 1 7p Rept no. Contrib-451
Contract DACW72-69-C-0031
Prepared in cooperation with National Weather
Service, Silver Spring, Md.
Descriptors: 'Storms, Weather forecasting,
'Beaches, Erosion, Regression analysis, Cor-
relation techniques, Mathematical prediction,
Computer programs, Virginia.
Identifiers: Storm surges, 'Beach erosion, IBM
1130 computers, FORTRAN 4 programming
language, FORTRAN.
The purpose of this study was to begin work on
a method for operational prediction of storm-
induced beach changes. The thought was to
use wind and storm-surge data that are pre-
dicted on a routine basis by the National
Weather Service, NOAA, and it was felt that if
such a procedure could be developed, it would
be possible to provide estimates of beach ero-
sion or deposition as part of routine weather
forecasts whenever storms threatened. It was
also hoped that it might be possible to make
estimates of shoreline erosion during previous
years by using historical storm data in the pre-
diction scheme.
AD-753 268/CP PC E01/MF A01
Colorado State Univ Fort Collins Fluid Dynam-
ics and Diffusion Lab
Mass Dispersion from an Instantaneous Line
Source in a Turbulent Shear Flow
Technical rept.
Surya Narayana Putta, and Jack E. Cermak. Jun
71, 100p Rept nos. CER71-72SNP-JEC1,
THEMIS-CER-TR-19
Contract N00014-68-A-0493-0001, DAAB07-68-
C-0423
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric motion, Mathemati-
cal models, 'Air pollution, Atmospheric motion,
Atmosphere models, Density, Transport proper-
ties, Equations of motion. Shear stresses,
Statistical analysis, Turbulence, Computer pro-
grams.
Identifiers: Turbulent flow, Shear flow,
'Turbulent diffusion, Themis project.
The report discusses the statistical properties
of the dispersion of air pollutants released from
an instaneous line source and specifies a
realistic probability density function for the
spatial distribution of concentrations within the
smoke puff. A probable shape of smoke puff is
presented for a source released at ground level.
AD-755 390/CP
Regis Coll Weston Mass
PC E01/MF A01
Rocket and Satellite Experiments for the
Measurement of the Properties of Thermal
and High Energy Plasma
Final rept. 30 Jul 71-30 Sep 72
Mukhtar Ahmed, and Lalitha D. V. Rao. 2 Nov
72, 68pAFCRL-72-0662
Contract F19628-72-C-0021
Descriptors: 'Magnetosphere, Atmospheric
sounding, Ionosphere, Computer programs.
Scientific satellites, Ions, Electron density,
Temperature, Magnetic storms, Data
processing systems.
Identifiers: OGO 1 satellite, OGO 3 satellite,
Injum 5 satellite, ISIS-l-satellite.
The work carried under this contract covers the
routine reduction and analysis of data obtained
from the Spherical Electrostatic experiments
on board the OGO 1 and 3, INJUN 5 and ISIS-1
satellites. The data analysed were examined
and theoretical interpretations were made
thereby enabling an understanding of the
physical processes operating in the magneto-
spheric region of space. (Author)
AD-755 403/CP MF A01
Environmental Technical Applications Center
(Air Force) Washington D C
An Operational Decision Model Employing
Operational and Environmental Factors
Technical note
Dana P. Hall. Nov 72, 22p Rept no. USAFETAC-
TN-72-8
Availability: Available in microfiche only.
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, 'Decision
theory, 'Air transportation. Armed Forces sup-
plies. Climatology, Operational readiness,
Computer programs.
Identifiers: FORTRAN, FORTRAN 4 pro-
gramming language.
The model discussed in the paper combines
conditional climatological probabilities, cli-
matological probabilities, and operational loss
values for specified actions in a manner to
make the best operational decision. A sample
scenario is given and demonstrated using a
hypothetical problem of airlift supply. (Author)
AD-757 085/CP PC E01/MF A01
Washington Univ Seattle
Stimulated Amplification of VLF and ULF
Waves in the Magnetosphere by Localized In-
jections of Plasma Clouds and Particle
Beams
Final rept.
Harold B. Liemohn, and G. K. Parks. Dec 72,
135p
Contract N00014-67-0103-0027, ARPAOrder-
1479
Prepared in cooperation with Battelle Memorial
Inst., Richland, Wash., Pacific Northwest Labs.
Descriptors: 'Magnetosphere, Plasma physics,
'Radio transmission, Magnetosphere, Very low
frequency, Ultralow frequency, Cyclotron
resonance phenomena, Ionospheric
disturbances, Electron beams, Proton beams,
Lithium, Barium , Computer programs.
Identifiers: Chem ical release studies, N.
The cyclotron resonance interaction between
ULF-VLF waves and trapped particles may be
strongly enhanced in the magnetosphere by the
injection of either cold plasma or energetic par-
ticle beams. A variety of natural conditions and
injections are investigated numerically using
the linear theory. Both satellite and rocket in-
jection of cold plasma provide significant
enhancements of amplification. Conventional
hot electron beams may also amplify narrow
frequency bands, if the beam geometry can be
effectively altered at injection. Heavy ion beams
appear to offer attractive propagation condi-
tions as well as stimulate amplification.
(Author)
34
AD-757 256/CP PC E01/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
An Optical Apparatus to Determine the Effect
of Turbulence on the Modulation Transfer
Function of the Atmosphere
Master's thesis
Wayne Thompson Hildebrand. Dec 72, 43p
Descriptors: "Atmosphere, Optical properties,
Optical instruments, Transfer functions,
Coherent radiation, Optical images, Degrada-
tion, Turbulence, Experimental design. Test
equipment. Computer programs, Theses, Light
communication systems.
Identifiers: Modulation transfer functions,
Laser beams, Atmospheric attenuation, N.
An apparatus was designed and constructed to
determine the effect of atmospheric turbulence
on the modulation transfer function (MTF) of
the atmosphere. A reflecting telescope and reti-
cle system provided optical information in the
visible region to a silicon photodiode detector
which was responsive from .35 micron to 1.1
microns. The output of the detector was
processed to measure irradiance modulation
from a target of known spatial frequency. The
modulation transfer function of the atmospher-
ic transmission medium and the optical system
was measured under calm conditions and con-
ditions of turbulence on a 270 meter round trip
path through a building corridor. The optical
apparatus described was capable of detecting,
in the visible range, the degrading effect of tur-
bulence on MTF. All reflective optics were used
so that the visual through 10 micrometers range
can be covered with use of different detectors.
(Author)
AD-757 623/CP PC E01/MF A01
Army Electronics Command White Sands Mis-
sile Range N Mex Atmospheric Sciences Lab
Numerical Approximations of Selected
Meteorologicl Parameters Related to Cloud
Physics
Research and development technical rept.
Walter S. Nordquist, Jr. Mar 73, 50p ECOM-5475
Descriptors: "Meteorological parameters, Nu-
merical analysis, Vapor pressure, Dew point,
Specific heat. Clouds, Approxima-
tion(Mathematics), Computer programs.
Identifiers: FORTRAN, 'Cloud physics, Latent
heat. Wet bulb temperature, A.
Methods of computation and error estimates
are presented for numerical approximation of
selected meteorological parameters used in the
solution of cloud physics problems. These
parameters are latent heat, saturation vapor
pressure, dew point and wet bulb temperatures,
specific heat of liquid water, temperature of the
lifting condensation level, change in mass of
freely falling water drops, and saturation-
adiabatic temperatures. The FORTRAN pro-
gramming language listings of the approxima-
tions are provided in the appendix. (Author)
AD-758 007/CP PC E01/MF A01
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(Navy) Monterey Calif
The 1972 Typhoon Analog Program (TYFOON-
72)
Jerry D. Jarrell, and Richard A. Wagoner. Jan
73, 40p Rept no. ENVPREDRSCHFAC-tech-
paper-1-73
Descriptors: 'Tropical cyclones, Weather
forecasting, Prog ramming (Computers),
Meteorological parameters, Curve fitting,
Pacific Ocean.
Identifiers: TYFOON computer program,
TYFOON 72 computer program, Storm tracks,
North Pacific Ocean, N.
TYFOON, an analog program for the prediction
of tropica"! cyclones in the western North Pacific
Ocean, has been in operational use at
FWC/JTWC Guam since August 1970. A brief
review of TYFOON is presented focussing on its
concept, operational results and limitations.
Modifications to remedy shortcomings and
limitations in the original version are discussed.
The modified program TYFOON-72 resulted in
the reduction of both computer run time and
data storage requirements. Testing and
development of the modified program using a
sample of 131 forecast situations are reported.
TYFOON-72 compared favorably with the offi-
cial JTWC and TYFOON forecasts at 24 and 48
hr and was superior to both at 72 hr. (Author)
AD-758 196/CP PC E01/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
Numerical Model of the Equatorial Electrojet
Environmental research papers
Arthur D. Richmond. 16 Nov 72, 69p Rept nos.
AFCRL-72-0668, AFCRL-ERP-421
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric disturbances, Mathe-
matical models, Computer programs, Electron
density, Ions, Ionization, Photochemistry, Elec-
tric currents, Equations of motion.
Identifiers: 'Equatorial electrojet, ELJET com-
puter program, CDC 6600 computers, F region.
Ion density(Concentration), AF.
A computer program which calculates electron
and ion densities, ionospheric conductivities,
electric fields and currents, and magnetic varia-
tions in regions near the magnetic equator is
described in detail. It is also explained how this
numerical model can be used to deduce F-re-
gion vertical plasma drifts in the equatorial
ionosphere from observed magnetic variations
at ground level. (Author)
AD-759 546/CP PC E01/MF A01
Texas Univ Austin Electronics Research Center
Application of Adaptive Estimation to Tem-
perature Forecasting
Technical rept.
Newton B. Penrose, and Demetrios G. Lainiotis.
5 Dec 72, 153p TR-140, AFOSR-TR-72-2185
Contract F44620-71-C-0091
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric temperature,
'Weather forecasting. Stochastic processes.
Probability density functions, Mathematical
models, Climatology, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Nonlinear filtering, Estimation
theory, Autocorrelation, Histograms, Lainiotis
filters, AF.
The work is an application of adaptive estima-
tion to temperature forecasting. It is presented
as a feasibility study demonstrating the efficacy
of the adaptive approach. The local station tem-
perature forecasting problem is chosen to
focus the discussion on the efficiency of the fil-
tering algorithm by using only surface level sin-
gle geographic location data. A diagnostic
study is made to ascertain the appropriate
statistical properties of the weather data for al-
gorithm selection. A phenomenalistic approach
is taken since no differential equation or
complete quantitative description exists to
describe the temperature process. The Lainiotis
Filter is chosen for model identification and
classification as well as prediction results. The
Lainiotis Filter, given in the Partition Theorem,
provides an efficient, powerful tool in the appli-
cation of adaptive estimation techniques. The
feasibility of the adaptive approach is
established with comparative results with previ-
ous objective forecast methods while greatly
reducing the amount and variety of required
input data. (Author)
AD-760 117/CP PCE01/MFA01
Emmanuel Coll Boston Mass
Mathematical-Model Programs
Final rept. 15 Oct 70-15 Feb 72
M. Patricia Hagan. 30 Oct 72, 23p AFCRL-72-
0674
Contract F1 9628-71 -C-0064
Descriptors: 'Magnetic storms, 'Computer pro-
grams, Numerical analysis, Ionospheric
disturbances.
Identifiers: CDC 6600 computers,
'Geomagnetic micropulsations, AF.
Programs were compiled to compare experi-
mental data with mathematical models with
respect to magnetic activity. Micropulsations
were investigated and programs were written to
compute the eigenperiod and modulus of
decay, so the predicted results could be com-
pared with experimental observations. This was
a particularly difficult problem, because the
dispersion relationship was a complex trans-
cendental equation, and required a 2-part fit.
The complex function was mermorphic with
respect to its complex arguments, and so the
Cauchy-Riemann conditions were applicable.
The secular equation was expanded in a Taylor
Series, and then the equation was cast in a form
immediately amenable to the numerical analy-
sis. The programs were written and can now be
easily reformated, suitable for production basis
on the CDC 6600. (Author Modified Abstract)
AD-760 123/CP PC E01/MF A01
Drexel Univ Philadelphia Pa Dept of Physics
and Atmospheric Sciences
A One-Dimensional Numerical Model to Study
the Effects of Cumulus Clouds on the En-
vironment
Donald J. Perkey, and Carl W. Kreitzberg. Dec
72, 109p Scientif ic-5, AFCRL-TR-73-0014
Contract F19628-69-C-0092
Report on Atmospheric Sensing and Prediction
Project.
Descriptors: 'Cumulus clouds, Mathematical
models, 'Convection(Atmospheric), Environ-
ment, Atmospheric precipitation, Atmospheric
motion. Partial differential equations, Com-
puter programs. Atmospheric temperature,
Barometric pressure.
Identifiers: Themis project, FORTRAN, CDC
6600 computers, CDC 7600 computers. Compu-
terized simulation, MESOCU computer pro-
gram, AF.
The report documents and provides a users
guide for a one-dimensional numerical model
to study the effects of convection on the en-
vironment. The model combines a one-dimen-
sional Lagrangian cumulus cloud model with
the basic physical processes of cyclonic scale
lifting, surface eddy mixing, cloud induced en-
vironmental subsidence, sub-cloud
hydrometeor water evaporation and horizontal
diffusion of the dissipating cloud. Included in
this documentation are a detailed model
description, derivation of the model equations,
a basic flow diagram, a list of program
mnemonics, a description of the input data for-
mat and a model listing and output from the Na-
tional Center for Atmospheric Research's Con-
trol Data 6600 and 7600 computers. (Author)
AD-760 175/CP PC E01/MF A01
Kms Technology Center Irvine Calif
Theoretical Investigation of the Effect of Par-
ticle Contaminants on Laser-Induced Air
Breakdown
Technical rept. 22 Jun 71-30 Aug 72
Frank D. Feiock, and Lester K Goodwin. Apr 73,
196p AFWL-TR-72-172
Contract F29601 -71-C-01 18, ARPA Order-1256
Descriptors: 'Gas discharges, 'Air, 'Aerosols,
Gas discharges, Electron density. Quartz. Sap-
phires, Particles, Gas ionization, Impurities,
Hydrodynamics, Computer programs. Partial
differential equations, Distribution functions.
Identifiers: 'Dielectric breakdown, Laser
beams, Atmospheric attenuation, AF.
35
The effect of atmospheric contaminants on the
laser-induced breakdown of air is investigated.
Calculations were performed using a one-
dimensional, Lagrangian, hydrodynamic code
developed for the study. The results of this
study indicate that the interaction of a laser
beam with atmospheric contaminants such as
Si02 and AI203 can supply a primary electron
density that will lead to a significant decrease in
the laser-induced breakdown threshold for air.
(Author)
AD-760 767/CP PC E01/MF A01
Panametrics Inc Waltham Mass
Design, Fabrication and Use of an Instrument
for Real-Time Determination of Polar Elec-
trojet Position and Current Parameters
Final rept. 1 5 Mar 70-28 Feb 73
Bach Sellers, Frederick A. Hanser, and Paul Ft.
Morel. Mar 73, 58p AFCRL-TR-73-0166
Contract F19628-70-C-0224
Descriptors: 'Magnetosphere, 'Magnetic
storms, 'Aurorae, Measurement, 'Ionospheric
disturbances, Magnetic storms, Instrumenta-
tion, Magnetometers, Height finding, Position
finding, Design, Atmospheric sounding. Polar
regions, Real time, Data processing systems,
Computer programs.
Identifiers: Auroral electrojets, PDP-8 compu-
ters, AF.
An instrument was designed and fabricated for
real-time determination of the auroral electrojet
current, velocity, and location in order to assist
in selection of the optimum launch time for
rockets used to study auroral phenomena as-
sociated with substorms. The instrument incor-
porates a small digital computer to calculate
these quantities by use of inputs from up to five
3-axis magnetometers. During two on-site ap-
plications at Churchill Research Range data
from 3-axis magnetometers situated at two dif-
ferent locations on a north-south line from
Churchill were used. During the two substorms
studied, the jet was located near 140 km al-
titude and the intensity of each was as high as
0.5 megaamps. In one case, both stations gave
results similar to the two station fit, so the jet
was well approximated by a line current. In the
second case, the data suggest that the current
was either a sheet current or a group of fila-
ments. Recommendations are made for in-
creasing the data processing capability of the
instrument in order to handle such realistic
electrojet configurations in real-time. (Author)
AD-762 383/CP PC E07/MF A01
Range Commanders Council White Sands Mis-
sile Range N Mex
Comparisons of Radar Refraction Correction
Computer Programs at Selected Test Ranges
1973, 180p Rept no. RCC-113-70
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric refraction. Cor-
rections, 'Programming(Computers), At-
mospheric refraction, Refractive index, Curve
fitting, Graphics, Radar tracking, Inertial
guidance, Errors, Accuracy.
Identifiers: FORTRAN, FORTRAN 2 pro-
gramming language, SD.
A detailed comparison of atmospheric refrac-
tion computer programs used at various Na-
tional and Service Ranges has been made. This
comparison shows that the data correction pro-
grams investigated give one order of magnitude
better agreement when all are given the same
refractive index profile than they do when they
are allowed to use that surface value to deter-
mine the profile by their own internal methods.
A profile with a strong super-refractive layer
was also used in comparing the programs.
Widely differing refractive bending effects, is
less than 10 feet. The report shows that the nu-
merical methods of the various refraction cor-
rection programs produce similar results with
similar input data. It also shows that care
should be exercised to assure that data taken at
one range and processed at another is refrac-
tion corrected with atmospheric data for the
range at which the data was taken. Numerical
methods of refraction correction are similar at
the various ranges but local atmospheres are
not. (Author)
AD-762 584/CP PC E08/MF A01
Systems Science and Software La Jolla Calif
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale
Interactions on Global Climate
Semiannual technical rept. 16 Oct 72-16 Apr 73
1 5 Jun 73, 246p SSS-R-73-1727, AROD-9951 :5-
A
Contract DAHC04-73-C-0003, DARPA Order-
1752
Descriptors: 'Climatology, Atmospheric mo-
tion, 'Atmospheric motion, Mathematical
models. Meteorological parameters, Wind, Tur-
bulence, Heat flux, Solar radiation, Mountains,
Atmosphere models, Pro-
gram ming(Computers).
Identifiers: Global climatology. Atmospheric
circulation, Atmospheric radiation, HAIFA com-
puter code, STUFF computer code, Mie scatter-
ing, A.
The results reported are part of a continuing
study to improve numerical models for meso-
scale and small-scale effects which influence
global weather and its modification. The two
major areas being studied are the effects of
mountain ranges on momentum transfer, and
the transient interaction of solar radiation with
the earth's atmosphere. The results of the
research on the solar radiation include several
calculations and comparisons with experimen-
tal data of heat fluxes in the atmosphere. The
major tasks of the orographic study have been
to: (1) develop a three-dimensional transient
Boussinesq code, (2) continue development
and check out of the linear steady state codes,
and (3) continue to test the HAIFA codes and
make runs using real topography data.
(Modified author abstract)
AD-763 082/CP PC E01/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
Application of a Computer-Controlled Two-
Dimensional Densitometer to Photograph
Chemical Releases
Instrumentation papers
Norman W. Rosenberg. 9 Mar 73, 37p Rept nos.
AFCRL-TR-73-0155, AFCRL-IP-182
Descriptors: 'Upper atmosphere, Atmospheric
sounding, 'Densitometers, Photographic
techniques, Photographic recording systems.
Data processing systems, Television display
systems, Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Chemical release studies,
Minicomputers, Datamate 16 computers, FOR-
TRAN, SHIFTS computer program, GRAPHS
computer program, AF.
The use of a computer-controlled two-dimen-
sional film densitometer in analysis of photo-
graphs of chemical releases at high altitudes is
reported. The unit makes possible rapid in-
teractive studies of extensive film records for
measurement of chemical inventory and reac-
tions, radial growth and diffusion processes,
and turbulent spatial structure. Application to
other problems is briefly discussed. (Author)
AD-763 721/CP PC E01/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to
28.5/micrometers Computer Code LOWTRAN
2
Environmental research papers
J. E. A. Selby, and R. M. McClatchey. 29 Dec 72,
82p Rept nos. AFCRL-ERP-427, AFCRL-72-
0745
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere models. Light trans-
mission, 'Computer programs, Atmosphere
models, Ultraviolet radiation, Infrared radiation,
Meteorological parameters.
Identifiers: LOWTRAN 2 computer program,
FORTRAN, Light(Visible radiation), Trans-
mittance, AF.
A Fortran computer program LOWTRAN 2 is
described for calculating the transmittance of
the atmosphere in the spectral region 0.25 to
28.5 micrometers at a spectral resolution of
20/cm. The program provides a choice of six at-
mospheric models covering seasonal and
latitudinal variations from sea level to 100 km,
two haze models, and accounts for molecular
absoprtion, molecular scattering, and aerosol
extinction. Refraction and earth curvature ef-
fects are also included. (Author)
AD-766 240/6CP PC A08/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
An Empirical Model of the Polar Ionosphere
Air Force surveys in geophysics
Terence J. Elkins. 23 May 73, 151 p Rept nos.
AFCRL-TR-73-0331 , AFCRL-AFSIG-267
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, Polar regions,
'Atmosphere models, Ionosphere, Ionospheric
propagation, Electron density, Aurorae, Mag-
netosphere, Mathematical models. Computer
programs.
Identifiers: F region. Sporadic E layer, FOR-
TRAN, AF.
Four separate articles are collected which deal
with the construction of empirical models of the
polar ionosphere. The particular emphasis in
these articles is towards the radio propagation
application of the models. Numerical models of
the vertical electron density profiles on the top-
side and bottomside of the F-region are
developed, and a model for sporadic-E is in-
cluded. Special attention is devoted to features
which are characteristic of the polar iono-
sphere-auroral effects, the trough, and mag-
netospheric cleft regions. The models are con-
structed specifically for convenience in com-
puter programming, and in fact, all aspects of
the models contained in this report are availa-
ble in the form of Fortran computer programs.
(Author)
AD-766 241/4CP PC E01/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
Geomagnetic Field Models for Ray Tracing
Environmental research papers
Ming S. Wong, Krishna-Sastry Vanguri, and
Manfred P. Friedman. 8 May 73, 49p Rept nos.
AFCRL-TR-73-0294, AFCRL-ERP-446
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric propagation, Ter-
restrial magnetism, Magnetic fields. Mathemati-
cal models, Electron density, High frequency,
Computer programs.
Identifiers: Ray tracing, ITSA computer pro-
gram, AF.
An accurate geomagnetic-field model, consist-
ing of the dipole plus seven higher-order har-
monics in dipolar coordinates, is incorporated
into a computer program for three-dimensional
ray tracing. Three options of using magnetic-
field models are provided: (1) using accurate
field in computing both the ray trajectory and
the propagation -aspect angle between the
geomagnetic-field vector and the wave-normal
vector associated with each point along the ray;
(2) using the dipole field for computing rays but
using the accurate field for computing aspect
angles; (3) using the dipole field for both the
rays and aspect angles. Comparisons are made
among the results computed, using the three
options, in the HF band for a nighttime polar
ionosphere and for a noontime equatorial iono-
sphere. Typical differences of few to ten
36
degrees occur in the aspect angle, for aspect
angles near 90 degrees — the value under which
geomagnetic-field-aligned ionization, if
present, would give rise to maximum
backscatter of HF waves and thus cause clutter
in Over-the-Horizon radars. (Author)
AD-766 472/5CP PC A07/MF A01
Massachusetts Inst of Tech Cambridge
Generation and Propagation of Infrasonic
Waves
Final rept. 1 Feb 70-31 Jan 73
Allan D. Pierce, Charles A. Moo, and Joe W.
Posey. 30 Apr 73, 1 31 p AFCRL-TR-73-01 35
Contract F19628-70-C-0008
Descriptors: *Microbarometric waves, At-
mosphere models, Sources, Nuclear explo-
sions, Storms, Wave transmission. Mathemati-
cal models, Programming(Computers).
Identifiers: Gravity waves, Acoustic gravity
waves, INFRASONIC WAVEFORMS computer
program, AF.
A review is given of theoretical studies on in-
frasound generation and propagation through
the atmosphere which were carried out under
the contract. These studies include (1) further
development and application of a computer
program for the prediction of pressure signa-
tures at large distances from nuclear explo-
sions, (2) development of an alternative approx-
imate model for waveform synthesis based on
Lamb's edge mode, (3) development of a
geometrical acoustics' theory incorporating
nonlinear effects, dispersion, and wave distor-
tion at caustics, and (4) a theoretical model for
the prediction of acoustic gravity wave genera-
tion by rising and oscillating fireballs. Numeri-
cal studies are reviewed which indicate the de-
pendence of far field waveforms on energy yield
and burst height. Implications of the Lamb edge
mode theory include a new method for estimat-
ing energy yield from waveforms and an ex-
planation of amplitude anomalies in terms of
focusing or defocusing of horizontal ray paths.
(Author)
AD-766 525/OCP Reprint
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
Formulation of Diurnal D-Region Models
Using a Photochemical Computer Code and
Current Reaction Rates
T. J. Keneshea, and W. Swider. 25 Apr 72, 8p
Rept no. AFCRL-TR-73-0525
Availability: Pub. in Jnl. of Atmospheric and
Terrestrial Physics, v34 p1-7 1972.
Descriptors: "Ionosphere, 'Photochemistry,
Ionospheric disturbances, Polar regions, Ions,
Chemical reactions.
Identifiers: D region, Polar cap absorption, At-
mospheric composition, AF.
Application of the photochemical computer
code, developed by Keneshea, to the D-region
is considered. Only the use of high speed com-
puters can provide the required analysis under
such transient conditions as twilight. Even for
equilibrium conditions, the performance of the
calculation by a computer is necessary for a
complete description of the D-region since a
very large number of processes is involved. The
photochemical code presently includes 195
reactions for the 40 species considered. Certain
constituents like NO, also O and 03 at the
higher altitudes, must be inserted as constants
since transport processes are required for the
proper description of their atmospheric
profiles. The results obtained from application
of the code to the D-region during a PCA event
are presented. The problem of the quiet D-re-
gion is briefly discussed. (Author)
AD-766 929/4CP PC A09/MF A01
Weather Squadron (12th) Ent AFB Colo
Map Typing Computer Programs
Hal W. Wold. Jun 73, 180p Rept no. Technical-
Paper-73-6
Descriptors: "Meteorological charts, Mapping,
"Weather forecasting, Catalogs,
"Prog ram ming(Computers), Instruction
manuals, Computer programs, Barometric
pressure.
Identifiers: Synoptic meteorology, Pro-
gramming manuals, IBM 7090 computers, IBM
360/40 computers, Honeywell 6050 computers,
Honeywell 6070 computers, Computer aided
mapping, FORTRAN, AF.
The paper describes the computer techniques
and lists the computer programs used in the
preparation of map type catalogs. Flow charts
are also included. (Author)
AD-767 934/3CP PC A04/MF A01
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(Navy) Monterey Calif
Oceanic Fog, a Numerical Study
Final rept.
Edward H. Barker. Sep 73, 73p Rept no.
ENVPREDRSCHFAC-tech paper-6-73
Descriptors: "Fog, Marine meteorology,
Weather forecasting, Mathematical models,
Wind, Water vapor, Infrared radiation, At-
mospheric temperature. Computer programs.
Identifiers: Planetary boundary layer, Fog
dispersal, Cloud physics, N.
A numerical model was developed for the simu-
lation of fog and stratus in the marine planetary
boundary layer. Physical processes described
by the model are eddy diffusion, horizontal ad-
vection, fog droplet settling, infrared radiation
and change of thermodynamic state of moist
air. Results of the computations show the rela-
tive importance of the processes considered in
the development of stratiform clouds in the
planetary boundary layer. Among the most im-
portant factors governing the extent of fog are
the magnitudes of horizontal advection of heat
and infrared radiation by cloud and water
vapor. Comparisons of the computational
results with existing observations show that the
formation process has been adequately
described. Additionally, it was shown that oc-
currence of fog over the ocean could result in
air temperature colder than that of the sea sur-
face, caused by radiation heat loss from the
cloud top. Results indicate that a practical fog
forecast model is feasible with certain refine-
ments, such as inclusion of the effects of haze
on the infrared radiation balance, inversion
strength on the growth of the mixing layer
depth, and insolation. (Author)
AD-769 739/4CP PC E01/MF A01
Army Electronics Command Fort Monmouth N
J
Algorithms for Generating a Skew-T, log p
Diagram and Computing Selected
Meteorological Quantities
G. S. Stipanuk. Oct 73, 40p Rept no. ECOM-
5515
Descriptors: "Meteorological data, Computa-
tions, Atmospheric temperature, Barometric
pressure, Computer programs, Tables(Data),
FORTRAN.
Identifiers: A.
The paper discusses numerical methods of
computing meteorological quantities which are
usually manually derived from analysis on a
SKEW-T log p DIAGRAM. The numerical
methods used were selected for their simplicity
and accuracy. A mathematical characterization
of the SKEW-T and algorithms for computing
several meteorological quantities are
presented. (Author)
AD-770 053/7CP PC A06/MF A01
General Electric Co Santa Barbara Calif Tempo
WEPH V Code Modifications for HF Propaga-
tion and System Performance Modeling
Topical rept.
Royden R. Rutherford. 190ct73, 115p
GE73TMP-20, DNA-3153T
Contract DNA001-72-C-0180
Descriptors: "Ionospheric propagation. High
frequency, "Ionospheric disturbances, "Nuclear
explosions, Electron density, Computer pro-
gramming, Nuclear fireball, Ray tracing, Radio
waves, Signal processing, Ionizing radiation,
Communication and radio systems, Computa-
tions.
Identifiers: WEPH V computer code, D region, F
region, SD.
The report describes modifications to the
WEPH V code that permit the use of the code
for evaluation of HF propagation and system
performance in nuclear-disturbed environ-
ments. The propagation and system models are
an extension of those presented in the DNA HF
Communication Handbook (DASA 1955-1 and-
2). The principal degradation effect modeled is
D-region absorption. While changes in sky-
wave geometry due to the disturbed environ-
ment are not determined, modifications to F-re-
gion critical frequencies at selected points are
evaluated from approximate models. The
modified WEPH V code is intended for use in
rapid evaluation of the effects of propagation,
system, and environment parameters on system
performance, and to identify situations where
analysis with detailed ray tracing codes such as
the NUCOM code (DASA 2035) is required.
(Author)
AD-770 207/9CP PC A06/MF A01
Ocean Data Systems Inc Rockville Md
Extending the Computerized
Typhoon/Tropical Storm Prediction Program
(Tyfoon 72) Toward Seven Days
Final rept.
4 Sep 73, 105p ENVPREDRSCHFAC-Tech
paper-1-73
Contract N66314-72-C-1750
Descriptors: "Typhoons, "Tropical cyclones,
"Weather forecasting, Computer programming,
Atmospheric circulation, Climate.
Identifiers: TYFOON computer program,
TYFOON 72 computer program, CDC 3100
computers. Storm tracks, N.
The objective of the research was to develop
methods for improved prediction of the move-
ment of tropical cyclones in the 3-7 day time
scale; the improved system was to be based on
the existing TYFOON and/or TYFOON 72 auto-
mated programs for producing predictions out
to 3 days. The work was divided into 3 tasks: A
survey of the 2 existing prediction models and
the updating and extending of the analog
historical file used by these programs in
producing their predictions; to determine the
value of large-scale patterns in the prediction of
typhoon formation and in subsequent track
prediction; to refine the typhoon analog predic-
tive techniques (Modified author abstract)
AD-771 038/7CP PC A05/MF A01
Army Electronics Command Fort Monmouth N
J
Fog Clearing Using Helicopter Downdrafts: A
Numerical Model
Research and development technical rept.
Walters. Nordquist, Jr. Dec 73, 79p Rept no.
ECOM-5527
Descriptors: "Fog, "Weather modification.
Helicopters, Downwash, Mathematical models,
Dissipation, Heat, Meteorological parameters.
Feasibility studies, Computer programs, FOR-
TRAN.
Identifiers: "Fog dispersal, Helicopter
downwash, A.
37
A one-dimensional parameterized numerical
model is presented which depicts the physical
conditions attendant with the use of helicopter
downdrafts for the creation of temporary
clearings in fog. The results generated by the
numerical model are compared to the data
available from helicopter downdraft experi-
ments. An example is given of the application of
the model for investigation of the utility of the
helicopter downdraft fog clearing technique for
a particular set of meteorological conditions.
(Author)
AD-772 490/9CP PC A05/MF A01
Systems Science and Software La Jolla Calif
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale
Interactions on Global Climate
Semiannual technical rept. 17 Apr-15 Oct 73.
7 Jan 74, 86p Rept no. SSS-R-74-2023
Contract DAHC04-73-C-0003, DARPA Order-
1752
See also report dated 1 5 Jun 73, AD-762 584.
Descriptors: "Climate, 'Atmospheric motion,
Mathematical models. Atmospheric circulation,
Atmosphere models, Mountains, Wind, Com-
puter programming, Turbulence.
Identifiers: Global climatology, Atmospheric
radiation, STUFF 3 computer code, HAIFA com-
puter code, SD.
The report discusses the reorganization and
reading of a 3-D, linear, steady-state computer
code based on the Bretherton formulation. A
discussion of the numerical method is included
and results of a study of the Sierra Nevada-
Owen's Valley region in north-central California
is presented. Modification of the Bousinesq
hydro-code STUFF used in atmospheric
research of turbulence is also presented.
AD-772 640/9CP PC A05/MF A01
Radiation Research Associates Inc Fort Worth
Tex
Monte Carlo Studies of Sky Radiation
Final rept. 29 Jan-31 Jul 73
Wolfram G. Blaettner, and Michael B. Wells. 31
Aug 73, 85p RRA-T731 1 , AFCRL-TR-73-0613
Contract F19628-73-C-0130
See also AD-757 494.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheres, 'Light scattering,
'Sunlight, Monte Carlo method. Computer pro-
gramming. Atmosphere models, Aerosols,
Clouds, Dust, Daylight, Twilight, Polarization,
Turbidity.
Identifiers: FLASH computer program, BRITE
computer program, Atmospheric scattering,
AF.
The report describes the work involved in mak-
ing modifications to the FLASH and BRITE
Monte Carlo procedures and using these pro-
grams to evaluate (1) the effects of neglecting
polarization on the scattered light intensities in
molecular and turbid atmospheres; (2) the error
involved in using plane-parallel atmospheres to
represent spherical atmospheres for large
zenith angles of incidence; and (3) the effect of
dust layers at different altitudes on the color
ratios computed for twilight conditions.
(Modified author abstract)
AD-772 717/5CP PC A15/MF A01
Aerospace Corp El Segundo Calif Lab Opera-
tions
The Low-G Accelerometer Calibration System
Orbital Accelerometer Experiment. Volume I.
Experiment Description and Methodology
Rept. for Jun 66-Jun 70
J. A. Pearson, R W. Bruce, Y. T. Chiu, W. A.
Feess, and E. G. Fotou. 1 Jul 73, 344p TR-
0074(4260-10)-1-Vol-1,SAMSO-TR-73-355-Vol-
1
Contract F04701-73-C-0074
See also Volume 2, AD-772 718.
Descriptors: 'Scientific satellites,
'Accelerometers, 'Atmospheric density, 'Upper
atmosphere, Calibration, Acceleration,
Aerodynamic drag, Data acquisition, Computer
programs.'
Identifiers: LOGACS(Low G Accelerometer
Calibration System), Low g accelerometer
calibration system, MESA(Miniature Electro-
static Accelerometers), Miniature electrostatic
accelerometers, AF.
The LOGACS (Low-G Accelerometer Calibra-
tion System) experiment, which contained a
miniature electrostatic accelerometer (Mesa),
was placed in a low-altitude polar orbit on 22
May 1967. The experiment provided approxi-
mately 100 hours of acceleration data from
which the accelerometer scale factor, ac-
celerometer null bias, and atmospheric drag on
the satellite were calculated. The mission
description, the characteristics of the ac-
celerometer, the instrumentation used in the
experiment, and a summary of the results of the
inflight accelerometer calibration are presented
in this volume. The accelerometer's sensing en-
vironment is discussed, as are the data reduc-
tion methods used to extract the scale factor
and bias of the accelerometer and the methods
of determining the acceleration due to
aerodynamic drag. (Author)
AD-772 733/2CP PC A10/MF A01
Atlantic Science Corp Indialantic Fla
Documentation and Description of the Bent
Ionospheric Model
Final rept.
Sigrid K. Llewellyn, and Rodney B. Bent. Jul 73,
208p SAMSO-TR-73-252
Contract F04701-73-C-0207
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, 'Atmosphere models,
'Computer programs, FORTRAN, Electron den-
sity, Radio transmission, Atmospheric refrac-
tion.
Identifiers: FORTRAN 4 programming lan-
guage, ION computer program, TABGEN com-
puter program, ION 1 computer program, AF.
The report documents the computer programs
of the Bent Ionospheric Model and briefly
describes the development of the model. The
FORTRAN Program is designed for general use
and can generate ionospheric data on a world-
wide basis for any past or future date. For a
given condition consisting of station, satellite
and time information, the electron density ver-
sus height profile is computed from which
range, range rate, and angular refraction cor-
rections as well as vertical and angular total
electron content are obtained. The model has
the additional capability of improving its pre-
dictions by updating with actual ionospheric
observations. Considerable tests in the past
have proved this empirical model highly suc-
cessful. Also included in the documentation is
an alternate version of the ionospheric program
to be used when stringent space and time
requirements are imposed by the operating
system. However, several options of the stan-
dard program are not incorporated and the ac-
curacy of the results is somewhat reduced.
(Author)
AD-772 828/OCP PC E03/MF A01
Stevens Inst of Tech Hoboken N J
Analytic Solution of Coupled Mode Equations
by Computer
Final technical rept. 20 Dec 71-31 Mar 73
Bernard Rosen. 7 Dec 73, 55p
Grant DA-ARO-D-31-124-72-G73
Descriptors: 'Climate, "Weather forecasting,
'Solar activity. Differential equations. Computer
programming, Numerical integration, Com-
puter programs, Modification, Instability.
Identifiers: A.
The author uses automated symbolic manipula-
tion to generate approximate solutions to the
prognostic equations of meteorology. These
equations are treated in the form that would
arise by means of modal analysis and trunca-
tion. Consequently the equations take the form
of coupled non-linear first-order ordinary dif-
ferential equations; the number of such equa-
tions may be very large if many modes are in-
cluded in the analysis. The work was performed
in conjunction with an extensive program to in-
vestigate climate prediction and modification.
Also of interest is the long term behavior of the
atmosphere under the influence of the driving
'force' of the sun.
AD-773 046/8CP PC A19/MF A01
Oklahoma State Univ Stillwater School of Elec-
trical Engineering
A Center for the Description of Environmental
Conditions. Weather Phenomena
Final rept.
William L. Hughes, Paul A. McCollum, Edward
L. Shreve, and Emmett J. Pybus. Sep 73, 428p
OSU-WP-73-F-14, ECOM-0083-14
Contract DAAB07-68-C-0083
See Annual prog ress rept. no. 4, AD-739 544.
Descriptors: 'Atmospherics, 'Thunderstorms,
'Data processing. Data acquisition, Data reduc-
tion. Pattern recognition, Spectrum signatures,
Weather forecasting. Meteorological instru-
ments, Very low frequency, Clouds, Magnetic
detectors, Atmospheric electricity, Computer
programs, Clear air turbulence, Tornadoes,
Weather modification.
Identifiers: Them is project, A.
A summary of results is made in this Final Re-
port. Five major categories of information
about severe storm sferics and severe storm
characterizations are presented: (1) Statistical
Descriptions of Lightning as a VLF Source; (2)
Model Studies of Cloud and Sferic Behavior; (3)
Hardward Developments; (4) Software Develop-
ments; and (5) Results of a Cumulus Cloud
Magnetic Field Survey. It is concluded that VLF
sferics has no intrinsic predictive content. How-
ever, sferic behavior is closely correlated with
cloud development and vigor and thus has very
high indicative content. A method for examin-
ing the electric current motions within a cumu-
lus cloud by sensing the resulting magnetic
field is shown to be feasible. (Author)
AD-773 913/9CP PC E01/MF A01
Mission Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
An Analytic Boundary for the MHD Magnetic
Field Equation
Topical rept.
W. W. White. 29 Nov 73, 27 MRC-R-92, DNA-
3232T
Contract DNA001-73-C-0138
Descriptors: 'Magnetohydrodynamics,
'Nuclear explosions, 'Ionospheric
disturbances, Partial differential equations. Ion
density, Geomagnetism, Approximation, Com-
puter applications.
Identifiers: MICE computer code, SD.
A magnetic field boundary condition for use
with high altitude phenomenology codes has
been developed. The solution of a boundary
value problem in the region external to the MHD
grid provides a current-free analytical approxi-
mation for the magnetic field outside the grid
The applicability of ihe current-free field as a
boundary condition rests on the assumption
that electrical currents of significance are con-
tained within the MHD grid. Magnetic field data
for a high altitude nuclear burst as computed by
the MICE MHD code are presented. (Author)
AD-774 043/4CP PC A11/MF A01
Franklin Pierce Coll Rindge N H Dept of
Research
38
Solar Cycle Variations of Geomagnetically
Trapped Radiation
Final rept. 20 Nov 68-30 Jun 73
Ernest C. Holeman. 31 Jul 73, 248p AFCRL-TR-
73-0481
Contract F19628-69-C-0139
Descriptors: 'Van Allen radiation belt, 'Protons,
Solar cycle. Solar cosmic rays, Particle flux,
Periodic variations, Computer programs,
Scientific satellites.
Identifiers: S72-1 satellite, AF.
Observations of energetic geomagnetically
trapped protons at low altitudes were made
during the period December 1968 through May
1973 in order to study the solar cycle variations
of geomagnetically trapped proton radiation for
the eleven year solar cycle dating from
November 1961. These observations consist of
a series of flux measurements of 55 Mev
protons made on nuclear emulsion radiation
detectors flown on recoverable Air Force satel-
lites, flux measurements of 115 Mev protons
made on a sample selected from these, and
preliminary flux measurements of six to 35 Mev
protons from the AFCRL particle identifier on
Air Force satellite S72-1. These observations
form the basis for a series of trapped proton
radiation models with variable parameters
which are capable of predicting angular dis-
tributions, differential fluxes, integral fluxes,
and omnidirectional fluxes as a function of spa-
cial geometry and time. (Author)
AD-774 524/3CP PC A07/MF A01
Allied Research Associates Inc Baltimore Md
Development of Digital Enhancement
Techniques Applicable to Direct Read-Out
(APT) Meteorological Satellite Images
Final rept. Mar 72-Jul 73
Man Tamches, and Nathaniel J. Belknap. Sep 73,
128pARA-101F, EPRF-TR-3-73(ARA)
Contract N62306-72-C-0103
Descriptors: 'Meteorological satellites,
'Meteorological data, 'Images, 'Data
processing, Signal processing. Digital filters,
Fourier transformation, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Fast Fourier transform. Image
processing, IBM 1130 computers, CDC 3100
computers, N.
Digital enhancement techniques applicable to
Direct Readout (APT) Meteorological satellite
images were developed, and computer routines
designed and tested. Areas covered include
melding of geographic grids with digital
images; display of image arrays at mercator and
polar stereographic projections: Fast Fourier
Transform subroutine; digital filters for low
frequency reduction, high frequency spatial
enhancement, single frequency, and edge
search and sharpen; and gray scale histograms.
(Author)
AD-774 751/2CP PC E04/MF A01
Visidyne Inc Burlington Mass
Modeling of Optical IR Backgrounds
Annual rept. no. 1
Oscar P. Man ley, Henry J. P. Smith, Yvain M.
Treve, Thomas C. Degges, and Jack W.
Carpenter. 15 Nov 72, 84p VI-129, AFCRL-72-
0730
Contract F19628-71-C-0212
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere models, 'Upper at-
mosphere, 'Infrared radiation, 'Nuclear explo-
sions, Background, Explosion effects, Chemilu-
minescence, Airglow, Atmospheric chemistry.
Reaction kinetics, Shock waves, Airburst, Com-
puter programming.
Identifiers: OPTIR 3 computer code, AF.
Status ot studies of numerical methods, analog
and digital, in support of the OPTIR code are re-
ported. The possibility of Treanor-type al-
gorithms with expanded stability regions is
established. Laumbach and Probstein treat-
ment of strong shocks in the exponential at-
mosphere is extended to the more general case
of an atmospheric density with an arbitrary ver-
tical profile. (Author)
AD-774 760/3CP PC A15/MF A01
California Univ Los Angeles Dept of Meteorolo-
gy
Morphology and Dynamics of Ionospheric
Storms
Scientific rept. (Final) 1 Jan 71-31 Jan 73
S. V. Venkateswaran. 7 Sep 73, 346p AFCRL-
TR-73-0610
Contract F1 9628-71 -C-0075
Descriptors: 'Ionosphere, 'Computerized simu-
lation, Mathematical models, Computer pro-
grams, Ionospheric disturbances, Magnetic
storms. Atmospheric motion, Electrostatic
fields.
Identifiers: Equatorial electrojet, AF.
The document consists of five scientific re-
ports. In the first report, computer programs are
described which simulate ionospheric currents
responsible for quiet-day ground magnetic
variations at middle and equatorial geomag-
netic latitudes. The program enables us to
deduce the large-scale electrostatic fields
generated by dynamo actions in the iono-
sphere. The second report describes a com-
puter program for mapping of the ground mag-
netic potential pattern on any given day, either
quiet or disturbed. The other reports are
reprints of articles which have been either fully
or partially supported by this contract. (Author)
AD-775 027/6CP PC E05/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
An Experiment to Measure Laser Beam
Wander and Beam Spread in the Marine
Boundary Layer Near Shore
Master's thesis
David Albert Beall. Dec 73, 94p
Descriptors: 'Laser beams, 'Marine at-
mospheres, Turbulent boundary layer, At-
mospheric disturbances, Light transmission,
Variations, Analog to digital converters, Com-
puter programs, FORTRAN, Theses.
Identifiers: Monterey Bay, Helium neon lasers,
N.
A system to measure laser beam wander and
beam spread in the atmosphere over the ocean
has been designed, constructed, and tested.
The apparatus employed a high resolution
scanning telescope with a potential for use in a
broad range of visual and infra-red
wavelengths, and with the ability to measure
beam wander and beam spread variations on
the order of a few microradians in angle of in-
cidence. Three successful trials with a propaga-
tion path over the southern end of Monterey
Bay were conducted. Data was processed using
analog and digital computers. RMS values of
beam wander from 4.6 to 30.2 microradians
were observed. (Author)
AD-775 076/3CP PC E08/MF A01
Northeastern Univ Boston Mass
Certain Finite Difference Methods for the
Solution of Large Scale Circulation Problem II
Final rept. 1 Dec 71-30 Jun 73
Robert D. Klein, Jack C. Mettauer, Vito P.
Maglione, and Stanley L. Spiegel. 8 Nov 73,
238p AFCRL-TR-73-0640
Contract F19628-72-C-0009
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric circulation,
'Equations of motion, 'Finite difference theory,
Numerical integration, Computer programs,
FORTRAN.
Identifiers: CDC 6600 computers, AF.
A program description for a large scale multi-
level general circulation model of the at-
mosphere is presented. Several time integra-
tion scheme algorithms are discussed, and a
linear stability analysis of finite difference ap-
proximation to a meteorological equation of
motion is given. In addition, experiments in-
volving the numerical solution of the non-diver-
gent barotropic general circulation problem,
using overlapping grid systems, are described
and evaluated. Problems involving the numeri-
cal solution, via relaxation, of Poisson's equa-
tion on the sphere, and the evaluation of finite
difference derivations of interpolated quantities
are discussed. (Author)
AD-775 080/5CP PC E03/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
A FORTRAN Program for Computing Steady-
State Composition Models of the Upper At-
mosphere
Air Force surveys in geophysics
J. M. Forbes, and A. S. Bramson. 9 Oct 73, 36p
Rept nos. AFCRL-73-0635, AFCRL-AFSIG-276
Descriptors: 'Upper atmosphere, 'Atmosphere
models, 'Computer programs, Composi-
tion(Property), Nitrogen, Oxygen, Argon, Heli-
um, Hydrogen, Dissociation, Steady state, FOR-
TRAN.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric composition, AF.
The report describes a method for computing
steady-state composition models of the earth's
thermosphere, including a FORTRAN program
and usage guide. It originated in connection
with work being performed for the Committee
on the Extension of the U.S. Standard At-
mosphere (COESA). The program computes
profiles from 120 to 500 km of N2, 02, O, Ar, He,
H, and H2, including the effects of vertical flow
of the minor escaping species (He and H), and
the production of H by chemical dissociation of
H2 in the lower thermosphere. (Author)
AD-775 361/9CP PC E01/MF A01
Weather Squadron (12th) Ent AFB Colo
Comparing Correlations between Weather
Maps with Similar Isobaric Configurations but
Varying Pressure Intensities
Peter R. Scholef ield. Jul 73, 20p Rept no.
Technical Paper-73-8
Descriptors: 'Meteorological charts, Weather
forecasting, Correlation techniques, Baromet-
ric pressure. Flow fields, Computer programs,
FORTRAN.
Identifiers: FORTRAN 4 programming lan-
guage, Comparison, AF.
In all 4th Weather Wing and 12th Weather
Squadron map typing studies one mathemati-
cal formula has been used exclusively as the
basis for determining the similarity between
weather map patterns. This paper illustrates
how this linear correlation coefficient formula
behaves when it is used to correlate surface
weather map patterns that are similarily con-
figured but differ in respect to their direction of
flow patterns, their pressure gradients and their
pressure magnitude. Ten pictorial surface
weather maps are used as examples in the com-
puter correlation procedure and the results
clarify the relationship between similar map
types, their pressure gradients and their degree
of correlation with each other. (Author)
AD-775 392/4CP PC A07/MF A01
Massachusetts Inst of Tech Cambridge Opera-
tions Research Center
Optimal Control of Sulfur Dioxide Emissions
at Power Stations: Models and a Case Study
Technical rept.
Nitin R. Patel. Sep 73. 127p TR-82, AROD-
9239. 10-M
Contract DAHC04-73-C-0032
39
Descriptors' 'Sulfur oxides, "Meteorological
phenomena, Linear programming, Mathemati-
cal models. Combustion products. Dynamic
response, Stochastic processes, Electric power
plants, Costs, Computer programs, FORTRAN,
Theses.
Identifiers: *Air pollution control, Fossil fuels,
Boston(Massachusetts), Sulfur dioxide, A.
The principal concern of this thesis is to
analyze emission control strategies which de-
pend upon meteorological conditions. A me-
terological model is developed to relate source
emissions with average concentration of a pol-
lutant in a region under different meteorologi-
cal conditions. The problem of determining op-
timal dynamic controls for S02 emissions at
fossil-fueled power stations is treated by con-
structing a linear programming model. This
model is extended to encompass seasonal con-
trol of sources which are not amenable to more
frequent controls. Another extension is con-
structed to analyze the effects of errors in
meteorological forecasts. The various models
are applied to the Metropolitan Boston Air Pol-
lution Control District. The impact of dynamic
emission controls on new site selection for fos-
sil-fueled power stations is examined. A
stochastic linear programming formulation is
developed and an algorithm is designed to
solve the stochastic linear programming
problem. (Modified author abstract)
AD-775 752/9CP PC E06/MF A01
Utah State Univ Logan Center for Research in
Aeronomy
Developmental Studies of the Hydrogen-
Nitrogen-Oxygen Systems
Final rept. 1 May 70-30 sep 73
William M. Moore, and Thomas K. Eccles. 31
Jan 74, 135p AFCRL-TR-73-0749
Contract F19628-70-C-0221
Descriptors: 'Computerized simulation,
'Aeronomy, 'Atmospheric chemistry, Meso-
sphere, Solar radiation, Metastable state,
Chemical reactions, Photochemical reactions,
Oxygen, Nitrogen, Thermosphere, Upper at-
mosphere, Stratosphere, Reaction kinetics,
Computer programs, Variations, Diurnal varia-
tions. Hydrogen.
Identifiers: AF.
a computer model has been developed which
can predict the chemistry and photochemistry
of the atmosphere in the regions of the upper
stratosphere, mesophere, and lower thermo-
sphere. The solar flux is calculated as a func-
tion of the sun's position with respect to any al-
titude above any coordinate point in the
northern hemisphere. This means that the time
dependent chemistry of the twilight periods can
be treated in detail, the temperature altitude
profiles are matched for seasonal and latitu-
dinal changes, the chemical reaction set can be
quickly changed, and laboratory problems can
be treated by turning off the solar flux routines,
the numerical integration method is new, rapid,
and inherently conserves mass. A stiff equation
technique is used to increase the time incre-
ment during steady-state conditions The cur-
rent model can be used to predict events that
can be correlated with rocket observations, or
other atmospheric measurements. (Modified
author abstract)
AD-776 306/3CP PC E04/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Examination of Shipboard Measurements of
the Vertical Profiles of Mean Temperature,
Humidity and Wind Speed
Master's thesis
Michael Patrick Cavanaugh Mar 74, 69p
Descriptors: 'Marine atmospheres, 'Turbulent
boundary layer, Air water interactions, At-
mospheric temperature, Momentum transfer,
Heat transfer. Wind velocity, Theses, Computer
programs.
Identifiers: N.
The suitability of shipboard profile measure-
ments of mean temperature, mean humidity
and mean wind over the open ocean is ex-
amined on the basis of six hours and 20
minutes of simultaneous profile measurements
made from the R/V Acania on 20-21 September
1973 near San Nicolas Island, California. Com-
parisons of the profiles obtained from the ship-
board measurements, as well as the
meteorological parameters derived from those
profiles are made with results obtained from
more stable platforms. Parameters examined
include the Richardson number, the friction
velocity, the drag coefficient and the roughness
length. The results indicate that a ship can be a
suitable platform for measuring profiles.
(Modified author abstract)
AD-776 321/2CP PC E05/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
Initialization of a 5-Level Global Atmospheric
General Circulation Model Using a Staggered,
Spherical, Sigma Coordinate System
Master's thesis
James Michael McCollough. Mar 74, 95p
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric circulation, Mathe-
matical models, Wind, Barometric pressure.
Partial differential equations, Weather forecast-
ing, Theses, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Numerical weather forecasting,
Primitive equations, N.
Initialization of a five-level global baroclinic
primitive equation model was examined using
real data. Experiments were conducted using a
Robert (1965) time frequency filter, Euler
backward time integration, and an iterative ini-
tialization scheme to determine the effect of
each on the generation of inertial-gravity waves
resulting from an improper balance between in-
itial mass and wind fields. In addition, a global
sigma-surface linear balance equation solution
was examined for the purpose of determining
initial winds. Although all forecast fields were
meteorological, certain undesirable features
were generated in the polar and equatorial re-
gions. (Author)
AD-776 390/7CP PC A03/MF A01
Nevada Univ Reno Lab of Atmospheric Physics
An Experimental Study of the Freezing of
Drops in Free Fall
Final rept. 5 Jun 70-4 Sep 73
Thomas E. Hoffer, and Marc L. Pitchford. Jan
74, 50p AROD-9095.1-EN
Grant DA-ARO-D-31-124-70-G81
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric physics, 'Water,
'Drops, Free fall, Nucleation, Ice, Freezing,
Lead compounds, Iodides, Particle size, Com-
puter programs.
Identifiers: Phloroglucinol, A.
One process to explain natural ice pellets in the
atmosphere is the heterogeneous freezing of
large cloud drops. These experiments show
that this process is of little importance. Drops of
about 180 micrometer diameter which fell
through high concentrations of aerosol
nucleating particles showed consistantly very
low percentages of freezes. From the informa-
tion gathered a temperature threshold for lead
iodide and phloroglucionol of -10C. and -6C
respectively was determined. Also a depen-
dence on the relative humidity of the air in the
vicinity of particle collection was observed. This
gave rise to relative humidity thresholds of 65%
for lead iodide and 75% for phloroglucionol.
The nucleating ability of airborne ice crystals
was experimentally tested and found to be
much lower than expected. This difference is
attributed to a collection efficiency for drops
collecting non-spherical ice crystals, which is
much lower than a calculated collection assum-
ing the ice to be spherical. (Author)
AD-776 950/8CP PC A06/MF A01
Ballistic Research Labs Aberdeen Proving
Ground Md
Survey of Two-Body and Three-Body Reac-
tion-Rate Coefficients for the Ionized Strato-
sphere and Mesosphere
Franklin E. Niles. Mar 74, 107p Rept no. BRL-
1702
Descriptors: 'Stratosphere, 'Mesosphere,
'Aeronomy, Upper atmosphere. Cations,
Anions, Gas ionization, Excitation, Reaction
kinetics, Atmospheric chemistry, Ionosphere,
Electron capture. Dissociation, Electrons, Com-
puter programming.
Identifiers: 'Reaction rates, Ion molecule in-
teractions, Ion ion interactions, D region,
AIRCHEM computer code, A.
Rate coefficients for two-body and three-body
reactions applicable to the ionized stratosphere
and mesosphere have been surveyed. The reac-
tions are divided into five classes, viz., (1) posi-
tive-ion reactions, (2) electron reactions, (3)
negative-ion reactions, (4) ion-ion reactions,
and (5) neutral reactions. Reactions and their
measured rate coefficients are given in tables
and the values selected for inclusion in the
AIRCHEM atmospheric deionization computer
code are identified. The current status of
knowledge regarding these reactions is sum-
marized. (Author)
AD-776 971/4CP PC A04/MF A01
Texas Univ El Paso Dept of Electrical Engineer-
ing
Atmospheric Modeling for Molecular Absorp-
tion Research Project
Final rept.
Joseph H. Pierluissi. 31 Jan 74, 65p Rept no.
PR2-74-AM-5
Contract DAAD07-73-C-0127
Descriptors: 'Atmosphere models,
'Transmittance, 'Infrared spectra, Computer
programs. Absorption spectra, Computerized
simulation, Water vapor, Carbon dioxide, FOR-
TRAN, Surface targets.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric attenuation, Remote
sensing, A.
The project developed a number of
phenomenological and physical variations of
the five-parameter band model for molecular
transmittance in the infrared using data from
line-by-line calculations in the 15 micron - C02
band. Conversion from a standard in-
homogeneous atmosphere to a homogeneous
medium is obtained with the use of modified
Curtis-Godson relations and calculated line in-
tensities averaged over 5/cm. Comparisons are
made between the calculated and original data
indicating that band modeling yields accura-
cies comparable to the degree of validity of the
original transmittance provided that the
number and nature of the band parameters are
allowed spectral dependence. (Modified author
abstract)
AD-777 135/5CP PC A05/MF A01
Epsilon Labslnc Bedford Mass
Stratospheric Balloon Aerosol Particle
Counter Measurements
Final rept. 2 Feb-30 Nov 73
Henry A. Miranda, J r, John Dulchinos, and
Henry P. Miranda. Nov 73, 77p FR-2001-73,
AFCRL-TR-73-0700
Contract F19628-73-C-0138
Descriptors: 'Aerosols, 'Counters,
'Stratosphere, 'Troposphere, Balloon equip-
ment, Samplers, Particle size. Distribution,
Computer programs, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: Particle size distribution, FORTRAN
4 programming language, IBM 370/155 compu-
ters, PLOT01 computer program, PULSE 2
computer program, DATRUN computer pro-
gram, CORRE 3 computer program, RATIO 1
computer program, AF.
40
A balloon-borne submicron aerosol counter
developed under previous Air Force contracts
was successfully flown on three stratospheric
balloon experiments over Holloman AFB, New
Mexico in May of 1973. The results indicate that
particulate matter at higher levels is charac-
terized by markedly different scattering
parameters than is the case at lower levels. This
effect is manifested in the form of exceedingly
sharp cut-offs in the size distribution at about
0.4 micrometer diameter, which is only ob-
served above 23 km. The extent to which this
sharp cut-off is attributable either to nonspheri-
cal particles or to index of refraction uncertain-
ties rather than to the actual size distribution, is
a matter of conjecture Recommendations for
equipment modifications tending to eliminate
these ambiguities, are discussed. Also
described here are the several hardware and
software modifications incorporated in the
system under the present contract in prepara-
tion for these flights. (Author)
AD-777 406/OCP PC A06/MF A01
Environmental Prediction Research Facility
(Navy) Monterey Calif
A Three-Parameter Model for Limited Area
Forecasting
L. Bengtsson. Mar 74, 113p Rept no.
ENVPREDRSHCHFAC-tech-paper-5-74
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, "Computer
programs, FORTRAN, Numerical analysis, At-
mospheric motion, Vortices, Humidity.
Identifiers: 'Numerical weather forecasting,
FORTRAN 4 programming language, PROG 3P
computer program, STEP 3P computer pro-
gram, STEPEXT computer program, Primitive
equations. Sensible heat, Latent heat, N.
The report describes an operational quasi-
geostrophic three-parameter model. The
original model was developed by Dr. L.
Bengtsson and has been used operationally for
several years at the Swedish Meteorological
and Hydrological Institute. The improved model
described in this report incorporates an Ekman
function and the effect of the flow over moun-
tains as well as sensible and latent heat
sources. Humidity and precipitation are also
predicted by the model. (Modified author ab-
stract)
AD-777 971/3CP PC A06/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
1973 Variations of Hurricane Heat Potential in
the Philippine Sea and the Gulf of Mexico
Master's thesis
Paul Dennis Shuman, and Dale F. Leipper. Mar
74, 1 12p Rept no. NPS-58LR74031
Descriptors: "Hurricanes, 'Ocean surface,
'Mexico Gulf, 'Air water interactions, Surface
temperature, Bathythermograph data, Com-
puter programs, Wind velocity, Seasonal varia-
tions, Heating, Pacific Ocean, Advection,
Theses.
Identifiers 'Philippine Sea, N
The 1973 summer growth of hurricane heat
potential (HHP) and its relation to tropical
cyclones was studied in the Philippine Sea and
the Gulf of Mexico on a monthly basis. BT infor-
mation was processed through the Fleet Nu-
merical Weather Central CDC 6500 computer to
output maps of HHP, which were hand con-
toured Inadequate data coverage and
questionable BT observations resulted in
monthly maps of varying validity and areal ex-
tent. HHP values peaked near 35,000 cal/sq cm-
column in the Gulf of Mexico and 40,000 cal/sq
cm-column in the Philippine Sea in the months
of August and September, the months of
highest tropical storm activity Some evidence
was found correlating rises in HHP with in-
creases irT typhoon maximum wind speed
(Modified author abstract)
AD-778 820/1CP PC A04/MF A01
Air Force Cambridge Research Labs L G Han-
scom Field Mass
An Empirical Density Model for Predicting
Low-Altitude Satellite Ephemerides. Part 1.
Data Analysis and Model Formulation
Environmental Research papers
J. M. Forbes, and D. F. Gillette. 1 Feb 74, 58p
Rept nos. AFCRL-TR-0062, AFCRL-ERP-464
Descriptors: 'Upper atmosphere, 'Atmospheric
density, 'Atmosphere models, Satel-
lites(Artificial), Ephemerides, Predictions, Com-
puter programs, FORTRAN, Orbits, Regression
analysis.
An empirical density model based on drag
analyses of 25 low-perigee satellites is
developed for use in predicting low-altitude
satellite ephemerides. A stepwise multiple
regression analysis is performed with density at
145 km as the dependent variable, and a
number of independent variables chosen to
represent variations with solar cycle, geomag-
netic activity, geomagnetic latitude, season,
day of the year, and time of day. Densities
between 120 and 500 km are determined from
the hydrostatic law in a simple (but physically
realistic) analytic form. Comparison of our
model with the 1971 Jacchia model shows them
both to give very similar variations, differing
mostly with respect to solar activity and
geomagnetic latitude. The main virtue of our
model is that it is represented in an extremely
simple analytic form, and therefore ideally
suited for implementation in an operational
system. (Author)
AD-778 873/OCP PC E06/MF A01
Air Force Inst of Tech Wright-Patterson AFB
Ohio School of Engineering
A Semi-Markov Weather Model
Master's thesis
Kenneth O. Merrill. Mar 74, 126p Rept no.
GSA/SM/74-8
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting,
'Atmosphere models, Stochastic processes.
Mathematical models. Winter, Ceiling, Visibility,
Long range(Time), Short range(Time), Com-
puter programs, FORTRAN, Theses.
Identifiers: 'SemiMarkov processes, Maximum
likelihood estimation, FORTRAN 4 pro-
gramming language.
The study traces the development of a weather
model based on a real transition Semi-Markov
process. The data consisted of eighteen years
of taped hourly weather observations from Bit-
burg Air Base, Germany. Maximum likelihood
estimators were used to construct the basic
parameters of the model from the taped data.
The results consist of weather models for each
season. The model for the winter season was
used to develop both short and long-term
weather statistics. The results confirmed that
the Semi-Markov process may be used to
develop a weather model that requires few as-
sumptions, is small in size, independent of geo-
graphic location, and is distribution free.
(Author)
AD-779 091/8CP PC E04/MF A01
Electronic Associates Inc West Long Branch N
J Scientific Computation Dept
Ray Tracing Study
Final rept. 10 Aug 67-31 May 70
Elias H. Hochman. 15 Feb 71, 72p Rept no 30-
307001
Contract F19628-67-C-0358
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric propagation, 'Ray
tracing, 'Hybrid simulation. Electromagnetic
wave propagation, Electron density, Computer
programs, FORTRAN.
The report describes the application of hybrid
computer techniques to the simulation of the
propagation of electromagnetic energy in the
ionosphere. The study incorporates a two
dimensional electron density profile. (Author)
AD-779 551/1CP PC A06/MF A01
Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs Richland Wash
Atmospheric Sciences Dept
Precipitation Scavenging of Organic Contami-
nants
Final rept.
Jeremy M. Hales, and Richard N. Lee. Apr 74,
105pAROD-10417.1-EN
Contract DAHC04-72-C-0035
Descriptors: 'Organic compounds, 'Air pollu-
tion. Solubility, Vapors, Atmospheric precipita-
tion, Contaminants, Tracer studies, Compu-
terized simulation, Mathematical models, At-
mospheric diffusion, Plumes, Computer pro-
grams.
Identifiers: 'Acetoacetic acid/(ethyl-ester),
'Diethylamine, 'Precipitation washout.
The EPAEC gas washout model has been ap-
plied to the organic tracers ethylacetoacetate
and diethylamine. This model uses source
strength, vapor solubility and basic
meteorological parameters to estimate the
tracer concentration in downwind rain samples.
A detailed error analysis has identified poorly
defined tracer solubility as the major source of
measured discrepancy with predictions. Field
results have also been used to calculate the
fractional washout of the vapor per kilometer
from the source. The results together with ex-
isting diffusion models may be used to estimate
the vapor concentrations of these materials
along a plume trajectory. (Modified author ab-
stract)
AD-781 094/8CP PC A04/MF A01
Mission Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
Stimulated Skyglow
Final technical rept. 1 Aug-31 Dec 73
D.H.Archer, and P. W. Tarr. Jan 74, 73p MRC-
R-107, RADC-TR-74-109
Contract F30602-71-C-0374, DNA001-73-C-
0239
Descriptors: 'Aurorae, 'Atmosphere models,
Atmospheric physics, Electron flux. Radiative
transfer. Infrared radiation, Chemical reactions,
Luminescence, Emission spectra, Nitrogen, Ox-
ygen, Carbon dioxide.
Identifiers: ARCTIC computer program.
The report describes the development of a
code, called ARCTIC, that is suitable for the
study and analysis of auroral data. The code in-
puts a flux spectrum of primary electrons, in-
cident on or in the atmosphere, with a specified
magnetic dip angle and initial pitch angle, and
computes the detailed energy deposition and
partition in the atmosphere. The deposition
subroutine is coupled to a chemistry and radia-
tion subroutine with the result that the opti-
cal/infrared emission, as functions of altitude
and time, are then determined. The code is es-
sentially complete, except for certain refine-
ments, and has been run for the case of a
hypothetical class II 0 aurora. (Author)
AD-781 275/3CP PC E02/MF A01
Mission Research Corp Santa Barbara Calif
Studies of Auroral Simulation
Final rept. 1 5 May-31 Dec 73
P. W. Tarr, D. H. Archer, and N. G. Utterback. 1 1
Apr 74, 103 MRC-R-122, DNA-3297F
Contract F30602-71-C-0374, DNA001-73-C-
0239
Descriptors: 'Aurorae, 'Computerized simula-
tion, Atmospheric physics, Emission spectra,
Nuclear explosions, Radiation effects, Chemi-
cal reactions, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carbon diox-
ide, Electron scattering.
Identifiers: ARCTIC computer code.
41
The final report describes an effort, under the
Simulation Program, to understand infrared
backgrounds in an auorally-disturbed environ-
ment. A large part of this effort has been
devoted to the development and use of a code,
called ARCTIC, that is suitable for the study and
analysis of auroral data. The code inputs a flux
spectrum of primary electrons, incident on or in
the atmosphere, with a specified magnetic dip
angle and a given initial pitch angle distribu-
tion, and computes the detailed energy deposi-
tion and partition in the atmosphere. Scattering
of the primary electrons is provided for in the
deposition subroutine by two options: one, that
allows for the full effects of range variance,
gives excellent agreement with observations in
nitrogen; the other, that is considerably more
economical to use, assumes mean scattering
only. (Modified author abstract)
AD-782 358/6CP PC E03/MF A01
North Carolina State Univ Raleigh Dept of
Geosciences
Detection and Analysis of Synoptic-Scale
Periodicities in Rocketsonde Data
Final rept.
Gerald F. Watson, and Walter J. Saucier. Nov
73,47p
Contract DAAD07-72-C-0260
Descriptors: "Stratosphere, *Mesosphere,
'Atmospheric sounding, Periodic variations, At-
mospheric temperature, Wind, Data
processing.
Identifiers: WAVEFIT computer program,
Synoptic meteorology.
In order to examine the synoptic-scale time
variability (oscillation periods of 2 to 6 days) in
the zonal and meridional wind components and
in the temperature at altitudes 25 to 60 km, a
computer program for wave period analysis
was devised and applied to rocketsonde data of
the Meteorological Rocket Network. The
method consisted of fitting sinusoidal
waveforms of various periods and phases to
data in biweekly periods and evaluating the
goodness of fit. Simple mathematical con-
siderations and results from numerous tests
with hypothetical data for idealized oscillations
of known characteristics showed that the axis
of symmetry and amplitude of the wave to be
fitted to the data could be represented by the
monthly mean and the square root of 2 times
the standard deviation of the daily values,
respectively. Aliasing effects would be
minimized as long as ther were at least 12 ob-
servations during the month. (Modified author
abstract)
AD-782 685/2CP MF A01
Range Commanders Council White Sands Mis-
sile Range N Mex Meteorological Group
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological
Data Reduction. Part I. Rawinsonde
Oct 71, 128p Rept no. MG-108-72-PM
See also Part 2, AD-782 686.
Availability: Available in microfiche only.
Descriptors: 'Meteorological data,
'Radiosondes, "Computer programs, Wind, Hu-
midity, Atmospheric temperature. Subroutines,
FORTRAN, Atmospheric sounding, Data
processing, Guided missile tracking systems.
Guided missile ranges.
Identifiers: RAWINX computer program, FOR-
TRAN 4 programming language, IBM 7044 com-
puters
The document describes the rawinsonde data
reduction program called RAWINX The pro-
gram is written in FORTRAN 4 language for the
IBM 7044 computer. (Author)
AD-782 686/OCP PC A06/MF A01
Range Commanders Council White Sands Mis-
sile Range N Mex Meteorological Group
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological
Data Reduction. Part II. Rocketsonde
Oct 71, 101 p Reptno.MG-108-72-Pt-2
See also Part I, AD-782 685.
Descriptors: 'Meteorological data,
'Radiosondes, 'Computer programs, Wind, At-
mospheric temperature, Atmospheric sound-
ing, Subroutines, FORTRAN, Data processing,
Guided missile tracking systems, Guided mis-
sile ranges.
Identifiers: ROKRED computer program, FOR-
TRAN 4 programming language, IBM 7044 com-
puters, 'Rocketsondes.
A committee was formed to pursue a task enti-
tled 'Standardization of Range Meteorological
Data Reduction'. The results of the Committee's
work are currently published in a two part IRIG
document; Part I encompassiny Rawinsonde
and Part II encompassing Rocketsonde data
reduction. This document describes the rocket-
sonde data reduction program called ROKRED.
The program is written in FORTRAN IV lan-
guage for the IBM 7044 computer.
AD-783 246/2CP PC A03/MF A01
Air Force Weapons Lab Kirtland AFB N Mex
Propagated EMP from Tangent and Buried
Bursts
Final rept. Mar-Dec 73
James E. Brau, Gregory H. Canavan , Leon A.
Wittwer, and Arthur E. Greene. Jul 74, 30p Rept
no. AFWL-TR-74-47
Descriptors: 'Electromagnetic pulses,
'Ionospheric propagation, 'Nuclear explosions,
'Ionospheric modification, Electron density,
Electron energy, Heating, Fourier transforma-
tion, Monte Carlo method.
Identifiers: CHEMP computer code, E region, D
region.
Calculations describing the ionospheric
propagation of high-altitude electromagnetic
pulses (EMP) to satellite altitudes are reported.
Both tangent and buried burst scenarios are
treated. The calculations are based on the
AFWL CHEMP code for self-consistent calcula-
tions of radiated EMP, modified by the inclu-
sion of a swarm treatment of secondary and
ionospheric electrons. The region of applica-
bility of this swarm treatment has been deter-
mined by a separate Monte Carlo calculation.
By carrying the calculations all the way from the
burst point through the E region, the authors
are able to account fully for the D region heat-
ing, the increased absorption and cascading it
produces, and the increased cutoff frequency
which results. The code calculations are evalu-
ated for sensitivity to the ambient ionospheres
used. (Author)
AD-783 807/1CP PC E04/MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School Monterey Calif
An Experiment to Measure the Modulation
Transfer Function of the Atmosphere in the
Marine Boundary Layer
Master's thesis
Marion Romaine Alexander, Jr. Jun 74, 66p
Descriptors. 'Laser beams, Laser communica-
tions, Carbon dioxide lasers, Fourier transfor-
mation, Computer programs, Transfer func-
tions. Attenuation, Theses.
Identifiers: Modulation transfer functions, At-
mospheric boundary layer, Monterey Bay,
'Atmospheric attenuation, Helium neon lasers,
Fast Fourier transform, MODFUN computer
program, AVSPEC computer program, AV-
WAVE computer program.
A system to measure the modulation transfer
function (MTF) of the atmosphere over the
ocean has been designed, constructed, and
tested. The apparatus employs a high resolu-
tion scanning telescope with the capability for
use in a broad range of visual and infrared
wavelengths. Two successful trials were con-
ducted with a gyro-stabilized 6328 A laser
mounted on board the R. V. ACANIA. The
propagation path was approximately one km
over open water from the ACANIA to Point
Pinos. Two more successful trials were con-
ducted with a 6328 A laser and a 10.6 microme-
ter laser propagating simultaneously from
shore to shore across 4 km of the southern end
of Monterey Bay. Data was processed using fast
Fourier transform methods. The MTF of the at-
mosphere for 6328 A light was measured.
(Author)
AD-784 866/6CP PC A03/MF A01
Epsilon Labs Inc Bedford Mass
Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter Modifica-
tions, Particle Sizing Accuracy Tests
Final rept. 1 Nov 73-15 Sep 74
Henry A. Miranda, Jr, John Dulchinos, and
Henry P. Miranda. Jul 74, 32p FR-2003-74,
AFCRL-TR-74-0349
Contract F19628-74-C-0078
See also report dated Nov 73, AD-777 135.
Descriptors: 'Aerosols, 'Counters,
'Stratosphere, 'Troposphere, Balloon equip-
ment, Electron microscopes, Samplers, Signal
processing, Logic devices, Particle size.
Identifiers: DATRUN computer program.
This report describes refurbishing work per-
formed on the AFCRL aerosol counter which
had sustained damage on the last of three suc-
cessive stratospheric balloon flights in 1973.
Certain improvements in the signal processing
circuitry and associated software, which simpli-
fy the background level determination
procedure and generate useful in-flight diag-
nostic information, are also described. In addi-
tion the results of exploratory tests to examine
the combined effects of polarized illumination
and particle shape as well as index of refraction
on the sizing accuracy of the counter, are
presented. Particles from several types of
polishing compounds were nebulized and the
size distribution as measured by the aerosol
counter were compared with scanning electron
microscope data. (Author)
AD-786 414/3CP PC A05/MF A01
IBM Federal Systems Div Burlington Mass
Some Recent Innovations in Atmospheric
Density Programs
Scientific rept. no. 1, 1 Jul 73-30 Jun 74
Arnold S. Bramson, and Jack W. Slowey. 15 Aug
74, 88p AFCRL-TR-74-0370
Contract F19628-72-C-0178
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric density, 'Upper at-
mosphere, Diurnal variations, Computer pro-
gramming. Data processing, Thrust, Magneto-
sphere, Atmosphere models, Orbits.
Identifiers: CADNIP computer program, BAD-
MEP computer program.
This report documents the latest modifications
incorporated into a series of computer pro-
grams for determining atmospheric densities
and for evaluating existing atmospheric density
models. Emphasis is placed on requirements
for actual program usage, with complete user's
manuals and related information appearing as
separate appendices. (Author)
AD-786 647/8CP PC A03/MF A01
Oregon Graduate Center Beaverton Dept of Ap-
plied Physics and Electronic Science
Experimental Pulsed Laser, Remote Cross-
wind Measurement System -- Feasibility
Study and Design
Final rept. 7 Dec 73-30 Jun 74
J. Fred Holmes, and J. Richard Kerr. Jul 74, 47p
ECOM-740094-1
Contract DAAD07-74-C-0094
42
Descriptors: 'Ruby lasers, 'Wind velocity, Light
pulses, Measurement, Vidicons, Real time,
Computer programs, Meteorological instru-
ments.
Identifiers: Q switched lasers, "Pulsed lasers,
Remote sensing.
The feasibility determination and design for an
experimental, pulsed laser, diffuse target,
remote crosswind measurement system is
described. The system consists of a laser trans-
mitter, a diffuse target and a receiver. A unique
scheme using a double-pulsed, Q-switched
ruby laser is used to measure the slope of the
time delayed autocovariance function at zero
time delay which under appropriate conditions
is proportional to the weighted average cross-
wind along the laser propagation path. The
receiver consists of two silicon vidicons, a
spinning disk for directing alternate pulses to
the vidicons and appropriate scanning circuitry
for generating a 10 x 10 array of apertures on
each vidicon. (Modified author abstract)
AD-815 625/CP HC E01 MF A01
Pacific Missile Range, Point Mugu, Calif.
Some Variable-Parameter, Steady-State Dif-
fusion Results.
Technical memo.
C. J. Thorne, and R. W. Claassen. 9 Jun 67, 70p
Reptno. PMR-TM-67-3
Distribution Limitation now Removed.
Descriptors: "Two-dimensional flow. Mathe-
matical models, *Air pollution, Diffusion, Sta-
bility, Computer programs, Partial differential
equations, Bessel functions, Chemical con-
tamination. Meteorological parameters.
Identifiers: Steady state.
Numerical and analytical methods of solution of
a two-dimensional problem in diffusion of
fluids are developed The coefficient of diffu-
sion and the wind velocity are considered to be
variables dependent on altitude. The resultant
computer program and graphical examples of
results obtainable from meteorological data are
shown. (Author)
AD-818 985/CP PC E01 MF A01
Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, Calif.
Numerical Forecasting of Clear Air Turbu-
lence
Masters thesis
Michael Joseph Ettel, and William Allen
Morgan. Jun 67, 172p
Distribution Limitation now Removed.
Descriptors: "Clear air turbulence, "Weather
forecasting, Computer programs, Numerical
analysis, Air mass analysis, High altitude,
Stratosphere, Atmospheric temperature,
Micrometeorology, Aviation safety, Probability,
Theses.
There is much disagreement as to (1) what
causes clear air turbulence (turbulence which
is not in or near convective clouds and is above
15.000 feet in altitude) and (2) which
meteorological parameters can be used to de-
tect and forecast its occurrence The approach
to this problem has been to relate not one
parameter to clear air turbulence but various
parameters By summing these parameters
areas can be defined where there is a high
probability of encountering clear air turbu-
lence. Each parameter has been based on a
statistical study which found a relationship with
clear air turbulence The parameters used were
horizontal and vertical shear, curvature, kinetic
energy and their derivatives. The numerical
forecasting program proposed here can be ex-
tended to the stratosphere when more reliable
height and temperature fields are available.
(Author)
AD-849 1427CP HC E01 MF A01
Naval Missile Center, Point Mugu, Calif.
A Method for Determination of Atmospheric
Refraction Characteristics Through Use of
Navigational Satellite Data.
Technical memo.
R. W. Claassen. 5Mar69,46p Reptno. NMC-
TM -68-67
Distribution Limitation now Removed.
Descriptors: "Atmospheric refraction, Mathe-
matical models. Navigation satellites, Doppler
effect, Atmosphere models, Least squares
method, Snell's law, Computer programs, Ac-
curacy, Sound, Propagation.
A theoretical development of a method for
determining refraction characteristics of the at-
mosphere is described. The determination is
based on data obtained from navigational satel-
lites. Thus, the only instrumentation required by
the method is a receiver for the signals from the
satellite, and a computer. A principal purpose
for determining atmospheric refraction charac-
teristics would be the location of possible duct-
ing and trapping layers. An estimate is given for
the degree of accuracy that the method
requires of the data received from the satellite
to accomplish this purpose. (Author)
AD-864 887/CP PC E01/MF A01
Texas A and M Univ., College Station. Dept. of
Oceanography and Meteorology.
Simulation Research to Develop Objective
Meteorological Prediction Capability
Semi-annual rept. no. 3, 15 May-16 Nov 69
William H. Clayton, and Tom E. Sanford. Dec 69,
237p A/M-Ref-69-13-T, ECOM-0280-3
Contract DAAB07-68-C-0280
Distribution Limitation now Removed.
Descriptors: "Weather forecasting, Data
processing systems, "Atmosphere models, Pro-
gram ming(Computers), Models(Simulations),
Low altitude. Towers, Networks, Weather sta-
tions, Analog computers. Wind, Soils, Tempera-
ture, Vapor pressure, Evapotranspiration.
Identifiers: LLMM(Low level meteorological
models), Low level meteorological models,
Wind profiles, Computerized simulation.
In order to assess further the system of equa-
tions currently employed for simulating the at-
mospheric friction layer, four sets of data, each
12 hours in length, were collected on succes-
sive days in August 1969 at Dugway Proving
Ground, Utah. Solutions of the equation system
for these initial conditions as well as com-
parisons of the solutions with observed data are
contained in this report. (Author)
AD-915 570/6CP PC E05/MF A01
Aerojet Electrosystems Co., Azusa, Calif.
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study.
Volume I
Final rept.
R. C. Olson, W Hubbard, L. J. Delaney, C. E.
Dunning, and J. C. Blinn. Nov 73, 117 AESC-
1798-FR-1-Vol-1, SAMSO-TR-73-381-Vol-1
Contract F04701-73-C-0338
See also AD-911 746 and AD-915 571. Distribu-
tion Limitation now Removed.
Descriptors: 'Radiometers, "Meteorological in-
struments, "Meteorological satellites.
Microwave equipment. Atmospheric physics,
Atmospheric temperature, Passive, Data
processing, Information retrieval, Infrared
equipment, Infrared detectors, Remote detec-
tors, Spaceborne, Weather forecasting, Regres-
sion analysis, Data reduction, Satellite anten-
nas, Computers, High rate, Miniaturization,
Clouds, Oceans, Terrain, Water vapor, Weather
stations, Barometric pressure, Computer pro-
grams, Mobile.
Identifiers: SD.
This study examined methods of integrating at-
mospheric parameters profiles obtainable from
a spaceborne passive microwave radiometer
into the air force global weather central and a
remote station typified by the air force trasterm
van. A statistical regression data retrieval
technique used for sensor evaluation in a previ-
ous study was used to size the computer
requirements. However, other retrieval
techniques were examined to ensure that any
eventual data reduction approach could be ac-
commodated.
AD-915 571/4CP PC E06/MF A01
Aerojet Electrosystems Co., Azusa, Calif.
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study.
Volume II. Appendices
Final rept.
R.C.Olson, W.A.Hubbard, L.J. Delaney, C. E.
Dunning, and J. C. Blinn. Nov 73, 143p AESC-
1798-FR-1-Vol-2,SAMSO-TR-73-381-Vol-2
Contract F04701 -73-C-0338
See also AD-911 746, and AD-915 570. Distribu-
tion Limitation now Removed.
Descriptors: 'Radiometers, 'Meteorological in-
struments, 'Meteorological satellites,
Microwave equipment, Atmospheric physics,
Atmospheric temperature, Passive, Infrared
equipment. Infrared detectors, Computers,
High rate, Miniaturization, Spaceborne,
Weather forecasting, Weatherstations, Regres-
sion analysis, Data reduction. Clouds, Oceans,
Terrain, Water vapor, Information retrieval, Al-
gorithms, Iterations, Remote systems, Data
processing. Environments, Barometric pres-
sure, Computer programs, Mobile.
Identifiers: AF.
Contents: Detailed descriptions of several
retrieval algorithms; the computation of
weighting functions in an iterative retrieval
method; requirements for remote-site
processing of microwave radiometric data; sur-
vey of satellite sounders; and Environmental
Research and Technology, Inc., Final report.
AEEW-R-1002 PC A04/MF A01
UKAEA Reactor Group, Winfrith. Atomic Energy
Establishment.
Tutank: A Two-Dimensional Neutron Kinetics
Code.
M.G. Watts, M.J. Halsall.and F.J. Fayers. Apr
75,56p
U.S. SalesOnly.
Descriptors: "Thermal reactors, "Reactor
kinetics, "Pwr type reactors, Reactor kinetics,
"Bwr type reactors, Reactor kinetics,
'Computer codes, *T codes, Excursions,
Neutron diffusion equation. Two-dimensional
calculations.
For abstract, see NSA 32 08, number 21705.
ANL-IIPP-2 MFA01
Argonne National Lab., III.
Evaluation of Emission Control Strategies for
Sulfur Dioxide and Particulates in the
Chicago Metropolitan Air Quality Control Re-
gion
J. E. Norco, M. A. Snider, J. J. Roberts. KG
Croke, and A. S. Cohen. Dec 70, 227p
Contract W-31 -1 09-ENG-38
Portions of docu ment are illegible.
Descriptors: "Aerosols, 'Chicago, 'Plumes,
'Sulfur dioxide, 'Urban areas, "Air pollution
control, A codes, Air quality. Computer calcula-
tions. Computer codes, Diffusion, Environmen-
tal transport, Gaussian processes. Mathemati-
cal models, Particles, Point pollutant sources.
Regional analysis, Surface air. Time depen-
dence, Velocity, Wind.
Identifiers: ERDA/500200, 'Gaussian plume
models. Atmospheric diffusion, AQDM com-
puter program, Chicago(lllinois), Metropolitan
areas.
43
This report documents all aspects of the
analyses of long-range regulations for control
of SO sub 2 and particulates in the Chicago
Metropolitan Air Quality Control Region:
dispersion model, strategy model, emission in-
ventory, present regional air quality, a compen-
dium of possible control regulations for SO sub
2 and particulates, and extensive calculational
results. The application of the Air Quality Dis-
play Model (AQDM), a computer program
designed to estimate the spacial distribution of
sulfur dioxide and particulate concentrations,
is described. The AQDM, which is derived from
the Martin-Tikvart (1968) diffusion model, is
based on the Gaussian-diffusion equation
which describes the spreading, or diffusing, of
a plume as it is transported downwind from an
elevated, continuously emitting point source.
The model is utilized here to compute annual,
arithmetic-, and geometric-mean ground-level
pollutant concentrations resulting from
specified point and area sources. The model
calculates the effects of each source on each
receptor for the observed combinations of wind
direction, wind speed, and stability class. The
relative frequency of occurrence for each com-
bination is then included as a factor, and the
resulting data are summed for each receptor
over all combinations and all sources. (ERA
citation 03:02931 7)
ANL-Trans-1103 PC A03/MF A01
Karlsruhe Univ. (West Germany).
ATMOSPHERE. Fluid-Dynamic Simulation
Model for Predicting Spreading Processes in
the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
M. Schatzmann, and W. Flick. Oct 77, 41p
Contract W-31-109-ENG-38
Translation of SFB-80/T/90.
Descriptors: *Air pollution, 'Computer codes,
'Plumes, 'Smokes, 'Stack disposal,
'Mathematical models, Earth atmosphere, A
codes, Boundary layers, Computer calcula-
tions, Diffusion, Gaseous diffusion, Turbulence.
Identifiers: ERDA/500100, Translations, West
Germany, Atmospheric diffusion, Combustion
products. Industrial wastes, Atmospheric boun-
dary layer, ATMOSPHERE computer program,
Computerized simulation.
The computer program ATMOSPHERE permits
prediction of the diffusion of exhaust gases ex-
pelled by high industrial chimneys into the at-
mospheric boundary layer. In addition, the pro-
gram can be used to compute the diffusion of
cooling or sewage fluids in lakes and oceans.
The assumptions on which the model is based
limit the application to continuous flows
characterized by axial symmetry introduced
into approximately infinitely extended flows
free of return flows and shear. The simulation
model can predict the diffusion of bouyant jets
even when the free stream contains tempera-
ture and concentration gradients and when the
density differences between the jet and ambient
fluid are not negligibly low. The effects of
background turbulence and possible inversion
layers on the diffusion process are taken into
consideration. The predictions of the model are
compared with experimental data. (ERA cita-
tion 03:019676)
BNWL-B-361 PC A04/MF A01
Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland,
Wash.
Hetran: A Subprogram Package for Predicting
the Heat Transfer Across the Surface of a
Natural Body of Water.
D. G. Daniels, and C. A. Oster. Jun 74, 62p
Contract AT(45-1)-1830
Descriptors: 'Computer codes, 'H codes, 'Heat
transfer, 'Computer calculations, 'Surface
waters, Heat transfer, Air, Daily variations.
Forecasting, Interfaces, Meteorology, Water.
For abstract, see NSA31 02, number 05432.
BNWL-SA-5117 PC A02/MF A01
Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland,
Wash.
Application of the Epaec Scavenging Model
to Calculations for Industrial Plumes.
J. M. Hales, M. T. Dana, and M. A. Wolf. 1974,
10p Rept no. CONF-741003-7
Contract AT(45-1)-1830
Descriptors: 'Gaseous wastes, 'Stack disposal,
'Washout, 'Mathematical models, Aerosols, Air
pollution, Computer codes, E codes, Industrial
plants, Plumes, Precipitation scavenging, Rain.
For abstract, see NSA 31 05, number 1 1307.
CEA-R-4549 PC A06/MF A01
Cea Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Fontenay-
aux-Roses, 92 (France). Dept. De Physique du
Plasma et de la Fusion Controlee.
Determination of the Particle Size Distribution
of an Aerosol Using a Diffusion Battery.
J. P. Maigne. Feb 74, 104p
In French. U.S. Sales Only.
Descriptors: 'Aerosols, 'Particle size, Computer
codes, Data, Diffusion, Distribution, Earth at-
mosphere, Mathematical models, Measuring
methods.
Identifiers: AEC.
For abstract, see NSA 29 09, number 23862.
CEA-R-4837 MF A01
CEA Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Fontenay-
aux-Roses (France). Dept. de Protection.
Cartographic Forecasts of Short-Term Air
Pollution Averages
J. M. Quinault, C. Caput, and Y. Belot. May 77,
37p
Available in microfiche only. U.S. Sales Only.
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Plumes, 'Urban
areas, Computer codes, Diffusion, Mathemati-
cal models, Point pollutant sources, Weather.
Identifiers: ERDA/500200, France, Point
source, Gaussian plume models, Weather
forecasting, Atmospheric diffusion.
A computer program was developed in order to
evaluate pollutant distributions in an area af-
fected by multiple point sources, such as a typi-
cal industrial area. Classical gaussian relation-
ships were used with some improvements tak-
ing account of ground roughness, pollutant
deposition and sampling duration. The pro-
gram written in A. PL., and it is easy to use by a
non-specialized operator on a console linked to
a computer through the telephone network.
(Atomindex citation 08:341271)
COM-71-00012/CP PC E01 MF A01
State Univ. of New York, Albany. Atmospheric
Sciences Research Center.
Great Lakes Snowstorms. Part 1. Cloud
Physics Aspects.
Final rept. 1968-70
James E. Jiusto, and Edmond W. Ill Holroyd.
Jun 70, 153p NOAA-E22-49-70(G)-1
Grant ESSA-E22-49-70(G)
See also Part 2, COM-71-0001 1.
Descriptors: 'Cloud seeding, 'Great Lakes,
'Snowstorms, Reduction, Cloud physics, Silver
iodide, Aerosols, Freezing, Condensation
nuclei, Atmospheric physics, Temperature,
Meteorological radar, Dry ice, Snow fall, Radar
cross sections, Networks, Mathematical
models, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, 'Lake effect
snowstorms.
Studies of the synoptic, mesoscale, and
microphysical characteristics of snowstorms
occurring to the lee of Lakes Erie and Ontario
were done, with emphasis on defining
precipitation mechanisms, land structure,
aerosol characteristics and snowfall patterns.
Cloud seeding was performed with silver iodide
and with dry ice. The practical implications of
each modification concept can not be definitely
assessed, but seeding with additional freezing
nuclei to increase ground or lake precipitation
can be accomplished, and seeding from the
ground offers experimental and operational ad-
vantages. Snow crystal concentration at
ground level is an effective measure of modifi-
cation efficacy. It is recommended that the
ground observer network be increased by a fac-
tor of 3, and that the duration and area of seed-
ing be increased by at least a factor of 2 to 3.
(Author)
COM-71-00020/CP PC E01 MF A01
Tetra Tech, Inc., Arlington, Va.
Computer Simulation of Severe Storm Obser-
vations with Doppler Radars.
Final rept.
30 Aug 70, 30p ESSA-E22-77-70(N)-1
Grant ESSA-E22-77-70(N)
Descriptors: 'Storms, Radar detection, Com-
puter programs, Doppler radar, Computerized
simulation, Precipitation(Meteorology), Intensi-
ty-
Identifiers: STORMS computer program.
A computer program developed for simulating
the performance of severe storm observations
with Doppler radars is described. The computer
program consists of the main calling program,
STORMS, six subroutines entitled POINT, SAM-
PLE, MONO, INVERT, GRID and INTGL, and one
function subprogram, PHI. The liberal use of
comment cards in the program source deck
provides detailed documentation of interest to
the programmer. The purpose of this report is
to describe briefly, for the potential user, the
capabilities of the program, the functions of the
main program, subroutines and subprogram,
and to document some results which have al-
ready been obtained by exercising the program.
(Author)
COM-71-00136/CP PC E01 MF A01
National Severe Storms Lab., Norman, Okla.
Papers on Operational Objective Analysis
Schemes at the National Severe Storms
Forecast Center.
Technical memo.
Rex L. Inman. Nov 70, 99p NOAA-ERLTM-
NSSL-51, NOAA-71010701
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting. Numerical
analysis, 'Meteorological data, Data
processing, Storms, Wind(Meteorology),
Meteorological charts, Radiosondes, Weather
stations. Dew point, Computer programs, FOR-
TRAN.
The document contains three papers concern-
ing the following topics: Objective analysis rou-
tines: Objective analysis of mean moisture aloft
utilizing radiosonde and surface data; and,
Kinematic vertical velocity computed from low
level mean winds.
COM-71-00707/CP PC E01 MF A01
National Severe Storms Lab., Norman, Okla.
Rawinsonde Observation and Processing
Techniques at the National Severe Storms
Laboratory
Technical memo.
Stanley L. Barnes, James H. Henderson, and
Robert J. Ketchum. Apr 71 , 255p Rept no.
NOAA-ERLTM-NSSL-53
Descriptors: 'Radiosondes, Networks,
'Meteorological data, Data processing, Thun-
derstorms, Atmospheric sounding, Squalls,
Computer programs, Networks, Data reduction,
Quality control, Evaluation.
44
The report is intended to serve as a user's guide
to the archived soundings which have been
reduced to basic meteorological parameters
recorded on magnetic tapes. Following brief
descriptions of the arrangement and purposes
of the various networks and the types of other
data available from NSSL, the current observa-
tion and reduction procedures are described in
detail. Computer programs for quality control
and final data reduction are listed and ex-
plained. Archive formats are defined and exam-
ples given. Appendices include capsule
descriptions of each day's operations and
weather, and a list of quality evaluations for
each archived sounding. (Author)
COM-71-00875/CP PC E01 MF A01
Environmental Research Labs., Boulder, Colo.
Office of the Director.
Outline of a Bayesian Approach to the EML
Multiple Cloud Seeding Experiments
Technical memo.
Joanne Simpson, and Jacques Pezier. Jun 71,
68p Rept no. NOAA-TM-ERL-OD-8
Prepared in cooperation with Thayer School of
Engineering, Hanover, N.H.
Descriptors: 'Cloud seeding. Statistical analy-
sis, Weather forecasting, Decision theory,
Statistical tests, Bayes theorem. Computer pro-
grams, Cumulus clouds, Florida.
Identifiers: Numerical weather forecasting.
Decision analysis techniques, using Bayes
equation in several forms, are evolved for use in
analyzing Florida cumulus seeding experi-
ments. In order to apply decision analysis to
evaluate the seeding effect upon rainfall, it is
necessary to know the distribution and its suffi-
cient statistics for both seeded and natural rain.
Lacking this knowledge, several assumptions
are made for use in the evolution of the Baye-
sian approach. A procedure is outlined showing
how decision analyses may be used with
forthcoming experiments. These methods are
likely to have rather wide application in the
analysis of meteorological experiments.
(Author)
COM-71-00911/CP PC E01 MF A01
National Severe Storms Lab., Norman, Okla.
Model of Precipitation and Vertical Air Cur-
rents
Technical memo.
Edwin Kessler, and William C. Bumgarner. Jun
71, 106p Rept no. NOAA-TM-ERL-NSSL-54
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric circulation,
"Atmospheric models,
'Precipitation(Meteorology), Mathematical
models, Wind(Meteorology), Buoyancy, Tem-
perature, Condensing, Convection, Weather
forecasting, Moisture content, Computer pro-
grams.
Time-dependent moist columnar convection is
numerically modelled as an extension of Priest-
ley's 1953 study of buoyant dry elements in a
turbulent environment. The distinctive velocity
regimes characteristic of the model and akin to
those discussed by Priestly, may be classified in
terms of environmental lapse rate, moisture
content, and the size and amplitude of initiating
and following disturbance. Several types of
conditions develop in conditionally unstable
cases: a strong steady updraft may develop
without precipitation beneath but with
precipitation outside an implied area of strong
updraft, when there is a strong starting pertur-
bation, small mixing rate, an elevated conden-
sation level, and a steep lapse rate. The model
suggests that a critical horizontal size and criti-
cal perturbation buoyancy must be exceeded in
nature if sustained moist convection is to result
in any given conditionally unstable lapse rate
and moisture condition (Author)
COM-71-50082/CP PC-SOD/MF A01-NTIS
Atmospheric Physics and Chemistry Lab.,
Boulder, Colo.
Computer Subroutine for Presenting Me-
terological Flight Data on the Printer
(CURVPT)
Technical rept.
Heinz H. Grote. Mar 71, 27p APCL-17, NOAA-
TR-ERL-199
Paper copy available from SOD $0.35 as
C55.13:ERL-199-APCL-17.
Descriptors: 'Meteorological data, 'Data
processing, 'Weather reconnaissance aircraft,
Meteorological data, Subroutines, Printouts,
Computer programming.
Identifiers: CURVPT computer program.
The paper describes a subroutine that provides
a plot on the peripheral printer of up to six
parameters with curve separation and auto-
matic scaling. It was developed for automatic
presentation of meteorological flight data by
the computer but can be used universally.
(Author)
COM-71-50410/CP PC-GPO/MF A01-NTIS
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Wave Propagation Lab.
A Program for Calculating Three-Dimensional
Acoustic-Gravity Ray Paths in the At-
mosphere
Technical rept.
T. M. Georges. Aug 71 , 47p WPL-1 6, NOAA-TR-
ERL-212
Paper copy available from GPO $0.50 as
C55.13:ERL212-WPL-16.
Descriptors: 'Gravity waves, Ray tracing,
'Computer programs, Gravity waves,
Microbarometric waves, FORTRAN, At-
mosphere models.
Identifiers: 'Acoustic gravity waves.
The ITS-Jones-Haselgrove ray-tracing program
is adapted to calculate acoustic-gravity ray
paths in a compressible atmosphere with ar-
bitrary three-dimensional wind and tempera-
ture variability and spherical earth. The pro-
gram and its use are described, including deck
listings and sample runs. Application to ocean
acoustics should be possible with little modifi-
cation. (Author)
COM-72-10297/CP PC E01/MF A01
Texas Univ., Dallas.
Analysis of Incoherent Scatter Data Obtained
at the Jicamarca Radar Observatory
Final rept.
J. P. McClure. 30 Sep 71 , 14p NOAA-72020405
Grant ESSA-E22-92-71(G)
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric scattering,
'Ionosphere, Atmospheric sounding, Electron
density(Concentration), Electron energy, F re-
gion, Data processing.
Identifiers: JDPLOT computer program.
The research objective was the analysis of in-
coherent scatter data from the Jicamarca Radar
Observatory. The electron concentration (N sub
e) and the electron and ion temperatures (T sub
e) and (T sub i) are available from most of the
data. The vertical plasma drift velocity and the
ionic composition are also available from part
of the data. (Author)
COM-72-10807/CP PC E01/MF A01
National Weather Service, Silver Spring, Md.
Techniques Development Lab.
SPLASH (Special Program to List Amplitudes
of Surges from Hurricanes) I. Landfall Storms
Technical memo.
Chester P. Jelesnianski. Apr 72, 58p NOAA-TM-
NWS-TDL-46, NOAA-72062701
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, Tropical
cyclones, "Storm surges. Forecasting, Data
processing, Statistical data, Nomographs, Hur-
ricanes.
Identifiers: SPLASH computer program.
Two separate methods (based on dynamics) to
estimate or forecast the surge are developed.
The first method in which precomputed nomo-
grams are used is designed only to arrive at a
peak surge value. Arguments for the nomo-
grams are simple meteorological parameters. In
the second method, a dynamic model is used to
compute surges along an entire coastline.
Computations are done by an electronic com-
puter; surface meteorological parameters are
used as input to the operational program.
Qualitative explanations for the surge
phenomena are interspersed throughout part I.
The relative importance of various meteorologi-
cal parameters, continental shelf topography,
and coastal geog raphy are discussed. (Author)
COM-72-11491/CP PC E01/MF A01
Stanford Research Inst., Menlo Park, Calif.
Computer Model for Investigating the Strate-
gy of Automatically Estimating Prevailing
Visibility
Final rept.
R. L. Mancuso, and E. E. Uthe. Sep 72, 97p
SRI1336-FR, NOAA-72100611
Contract NOAA-1-36081
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting. Visibility,
'Visibility, Computerized simulation, Optical
properties, Fog, Haze, Optical radar,
Meteorological instruments, Backscattering,
Aerosols, Computer programs, Automation, Ac-
curacy, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: VISMOD computer program, CDC
6400 computers.
Means of automatically measuring prevailing
visibility are investigated by computer simula-
tion. The effects of instrument type, numbers,
locations, and sampling intervals on the accu-
racy of the measurements are estimated. How-
ever, due to uncertainties associated with the
parameters used in the visibility model, the use-
fulness in studying sampling strategy is limited.
A field study to evaluate the technique
developed under this study and the parameters
used in the visibility model is recommended. It
is concluded that lidar may be the most ap-
propriate instrument for automatically measur-
ing prevailing visibilities. (Author)
COM-72-50079-04-01/CP
(Order as COM-72-50079-04)
National Hurricane Center, Coral Gables, Fla.
Performance Analysis of the HURRAN Tropi-
cal Cyclone Forecast System
Charles J. Neumann, and John R. Hope. 21 Dec
71, 12p NOAA-72060206-1
Revision of report dated 27 May 71 .
Pub. in Monthly Weather Review, v100 n4 p245-
255 Apr 72, COM-72-50079-04.
Descriptors: 'Hurricane tracking. Weather
forecasting. Analog simulation, Frequency dis-
tribution, Error analysis, Storm tracks.
Identifiers: HURRAN computer program, Hur-
ricane Camille.
The HURRAN (hurricane analog) technique, a
fully computerized objective forecast aid mak-
ing use of past tracks in forecasting hurricane
motion, was developed prior to the 1969 hur-
ricane season. Encouraging operational results
during the 1969 and 1970 hurricane seasons
suggested further evaluation of the technique.
To this end, HURRAN computations were made
for approximately 1,000 forecast situations.
Results are stratified according to initial
direction and speed of movement of the sample
storms and the number of analogs selected.
The utility of the technique is discussed, and
the importance of position accuracy at forecast
45
time is demonstrated. Initial indications of the
value of the technique are substantiated.
(Author)
COM-73-10365/CP PC E07/MF A01
National Weather Service, Silver Spring, Md.
Office of Hydrology.
National Weather Service River Forecast
System Forecast Procedures
Technical memo.
Dec 72, 257p' Rept no. NOAA-TM-NWS-
HYDRO-14
See also COM-73-10298.
Descriptors: 'Flood forecasting, 'Computer
programs, River basins, Rainfall, Weather
forecasting, Mathematical prediction, Periodic
variations, Evapotranspiration, Data
processing.
Identifiers: NOAA.
The report serves the following purposes: A
guide for implementation of conceptual river
forecasting models by field offices; A tool for
use in testing and evaluating new concepts and
procedures by the Hydrologic Research
Laboratory, and A vehicle for providing the
results to others in the hydrologic community.
The report describes the package which in-
cludes the techniques and programs needed
for developing operational river forecasts
based on the use of a continuous conceptual
model, from the initial processing of basin data
to the preparation of forecasts. The programs
are written for a large-capacity digital computer
and are generalized for use on any river system.
Thus, they may or may not be the most efficient
programs for use in a particular situation.
(Author Modified Abstract)
COM-73-10781/CP PC E01/MF A01
National Severe Storms Lab., Norman, Okla.
Mesoscale Objective Map Analysis Using
Weighted Time-Series Observations
Technical memo.
Stanley L. Barnes. Mar 73, 69p NOAA-TM-ERL-
NSSL-62, NOAA-73050302
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric circulation, Time se-
ries analysis, Air masses, Thunderstorms,
Mathematical prediction. Graphic methods,
Computer programs, Wet bulb temperature,
FORTRAN.
Identifiers: NOAA.
An objective map analysis technique applicable
to quasi-steady, translating atmospheric circu-
lations is developed from the mathematical
premise that distributions of meteorological
variables can be represented by an infinite sum
of independent, harmonic waves. In addition to
the usual space-weighting of simultaneous ob-
servations to obtain interpolated values at regu-
larly arrayed grid points, the scheme uses
asynoptic observations by positioning them
relative to a moving disturbance and weighing
them according to both space and time. Analy-
sis response for several choices of the arbitrary
parameters is tested on simple analytically
determined distributions and on selected
meteorological observations during the
passage of three thunderstorms over the Na-
tional Severe Storms Laboratory mesonetwork
of surface and upper air stations in central
Oklahoma. (Modified author abstract)
COM-73-11202/1CP PC A05/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Office of the Director(ERL).
On the Use of Gamma Functions and Baye-
stan Analysis in Evaluating Florida Cumulus
Seeding Results
Technical memo.
Joanne Simpson, Jane C. Eden, Anthony Olsen,
and Jacques Pezier. Feb 73, 92p NOAA-TM-
ERL-OD-15, NOAA-73062703
Descriptors: 'Cloud seeding, 'Florida,
'Cumulus clouds, Cloud seeding, Weather
modification, Precipitation(Meteorology),
Gamma function, Statistical distributions,
Curve fitting, Graphic methods, Computer pro-
grams.
Identifiers: Bayesian analysis, RAIN computer
program, NOAA.
Bayesian techniques are used to evaluate the
seeding factor or rainfall and its probability dis-
trubution in the Experimental Meteorology
Laboratory randomized dynamic seeding ex-
periments on isolated cumuli in Florida. A
framework is constructed for later use of these
tools with the randomized multiple cumulus
seeding experiment in the 4000 nautical square
miles target area. Used together with the pro-
perties of gamma functions, Bayesian
techniques have produced new results for the
single cloud experiments and opened up
promising approaches to the multiple cloud
seeding or area experiments.
COM-73-11401/9CP PC A06/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Silver Spring, Md. Environmental Data
Service.
A Note on a Gamma Distribution Computer
Program and Graph Paper
Technical rept.
Harold L. Crutcher, Gerald L. Barger, and Grady
F. McKay. Apr 73, 1 18p NOAA-TR-EDS-1 1,
NOAA-73082106
Descriptors: 'Meteorological data. Statistical
analysis, 'Precipitation(Meteorology), Gamma
function, 'Gamma function. Computer pro-
grams, Statistical distributions, Curve fitting.
Graphic methods, FORTRAN, Plotters.
Identifiers: FORTRAN 4 programming lan-
guage, NOAA.
The gamma distribution function may be used
as a model for many sets of data. The electronic
computer program in the Formula Translator
(FORTRAN) 4 for this function here provides the
analytic solution to a set of data, gives the
probabilities of exceeding or not exceeding ar-
bitrary amounts, and indicates the amounts ex-
ceeded or not exceeded for arbitrary probabili-
ties. The developed gamma probability plotting
paper serves also for the special cases of the
chi-squared, the exponential, and the Poisson
distribution functions. Estimates of the scale
and shape parameters permit construction of
the graph. The graph paper may be used to esti-
mate the scale and shape parameters. The pro-
gram, in its general form, permits a maximum of
52 entries, which will suffice for those dealing
with weekly data through the year. In addition,
in precipitation studies, the user has the option
to compute in one pass of the data the two du-
ration and three duration period distributions.
These computations are done without program
change but by appropriate changes in the con-
trol cards. This feature is not limited to the
study of precipitation data. An option permits
the computation of the required probabilities
and inverses when only the scale and shape
parameters are given. (Modified author ab-
stract)
COM-73-11634/5CP PC E01/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Aeronomy Lab.
Accurate Langmuir Probe Measurements with
an On-Line Computer
Technical memo.
K. H. Geissler, and J. H. Darr. Jun 73, 27p Rept
nos. NOAA-73090404, NOAA-TM-ERL-AL-6
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding, Langmuir
probes, 'Langmuir probes, Data processing,
"Ionosphere, Electron density,
Plasmas(Physics), Electron densi-
ty(Concentration), Computer programs, FOR-
TRAN.
Identifiers: NOAA.
The report is a study of a method for measuring
Langmuir probe characteristics accurately
enough to either verify or exclude the hypothe-
sis of non-Maxwellian velocity distributions.
Section 2 gives general considerations for the
use of Langmuir probes. Section 3 reviews the
equations used for evaluating the measured
probe characteristics. Sections 4 and 5 outline
the data accepting and reduction procedures
used. Program listings are given in the Appen-
dix.
COM-74-10525/5CP PC-GPO
Ohio State Univ., Columbus. Dept. of Physics.
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on
High-Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric
Gases
Interim rept.
James K. G. Watson, and Peter K. L. Yin. Oct 73,
1040pNOAA-740 12807
Grant NOAA-NG-2872
Descriptors: 'Upper atmosphere, 'Atmospheric
composition. Gases, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Solar radiation, Infrared
radiation. Absorption spectra, Refractive index,
Water vapor, Jet engines. Exhaust gases, Com-
puter programs, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: ANGDEV computer program, FOR-
TRAN 4 programming language, Sea Grant pro-
gram, NOAA.
A study has been made of the theories of at-
mospheric refraction and anomalous disper-
sion for the purpose of assisting the interpreta-
tion of measurements of atmospheric gases by
the solar occultation technique, and a com-
puter program has been written to calculate a
theoretical occultation spectrum in the vicinity
of an isolated absorption line. A brief discus-
sion of the pertinent physical parameters, such
as refractive index, line intensities and line
shapes, is included. The numerical calculations
have been performed with computer programs
written in the Fortran 4 language, in which the
refractive and dispersive angular deviations of
the ray path and the absorption with or without
instrumental corrections are evaluated.
(Modified author abstract)
COM-74-10720/2CP PC E05/MF A01
Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor. High Altitude En-
gineering Lab.
Feasibility of Satellite Measurement of
Stratospheric Minor Constituents by Solar
Occultation
Technical rept.
S. R. Drayson, F. L. Bartman, W. R. Kuhn, and R.
Tallamraju. Oct 73, 1 13p UMICH-01 1023-2-T,
NOAA-74030404
Grant NOAA-NG-1072
Descriptors: 'Stratosphere, 'Spectrosropic
analysis, 'Atmospheric composition. Absorp-
tion spectra, Aerosols, Nitrogen oxide(N20),
Carbon monoxide, Trace elements, Ozone,
Methane, Water vapor. Optical properties,
Computer programs. Infrared spectra,
Spaceborn detectors, Transmissivity, Mathe-
matical models. Solar radiation, Refractivity,
Gas detectors, Gas analysis, Data reduction,
FORTRAN, Transmittance, Chemical composi-
tion.
Identifiers: Air pollution detection, FORTRAN 4
programming language, Occultation, NOAA.
The determination of stratospheric concentra-
tion of minor constituents by satellite solar oc-
culation is examined. The method is shown
feasible for ozone up to 50 km, water vapor up
to 50 km, nitrous oxide up to 30 km, methane up
to 50 km and carbon monoxide up to 20 km.
Transmittance calculations for these and other
gasses are presented for optimal spectral re-
gions. Calculations of extinction by aerosols in
the lower stratosphere show a dominant effect
in the window regions near 10 micro meters.
Several inversion techniques are developed
46
and examples of profiles retrieved by different
methods are compared. Computer programs
are described to calculate the transmittances
by the use of a band model and by the line-by-
line integration technique. (Author)
COM-74-10824/2CP PC A02/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Space Environment Lab
SCINTDR-A Program for Controlling the
Fremouw Scintillation Model
Technical memo.
T. A. Burrows Jan 74, 20p NOAA-TM-ERL-SEL-
30, NOAA-74032007
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric propagation,
"Scintillation, "Computer programs. FORTRAN,
Input output routines.
Identifiers: SCINTOR computer program, CDC
3800 computers, NOAA.
A description of a program that computes the
ionospheric scintillation index as a function of
a number of input variables, such as transmitter
frequency, sunspot number, time, and other
parameters relating to transmitter-receiver
geometry, is presented. The program, obtained
from Stanford Research Institute, has been
modified at NOAA for operation with the NOAA
computational facility and for ease in inputting
various parameters. The printed output is not as
flexible as that obtained from the original driver
program, but the new program allows more
control over the manner in which the input
parameters are incremented and also allows
the semiautomatic production of punched out-
put that may be directly submitted to the con-
tour-plotting program.
COM-74-10908/3CP PC E04/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Air Resources Lab.
Geophysical Monitoring for Climatic Change
No. 1. Summary Report 1972
John M. Miller. Jan 74, 85p NOAA-74032910
Descriptors: "Climatic changes, "Atmospheric
physics. Atmospheric composition. Aerosols,
Carbon dioxide, Ozone, Volcanic ejecta. Air
pollution, Wind(Meteorology), Atmospheric
temperature. Dew point. Atmospheric pressure.
Precipitation(Meteorology), Solar radiation,
Strontium 90.
Identifiers: LIDAR computer program, NOAA.
This is the first in an annual series reporting on
the program designed to establish and maintain
observation and analysis of data representative
of the global background of selected gases and
aerosols The focus of the program is on
establishing a long-term time series from
ground-based instrumentation Information is
given on the baseline stations and the measure-
ment programs relating to gases, aerosols,
meteorology, solar-terrestrial radiation, and
cooperative programs The data acquisition
system is described. Appendices contain the
computer programs for LIDAR computations
and MLO selected monthly measurements of
Aitken Particles by a Gardner Counter 1971-
1972
COM-74-10925/7CP PC E03/MF A01
National Weather Service. Silver Spring, Md.
Techniques Development Lab.
SPLASH (Special Program to List Amplitudes
of Surges from Hurricanes). Part 2. General
Track and Variant Storm Conditions
Technical memo.
Chester P. Jelesnianski. Mar 74. 62p NOAA-TM-
NWS-TDL-52, NOAA-74040908
See also report dated Apr 72. COM-72-10807
Descriptors: "Storm surges. "Hurricanes.
"Weather forecasting. Tropical cyclones. Storm
tracks, Coasts, Forecasting, Computer pro-
gramming.
Identifiers: SPLASH computer program, NOAA
An operational computer program has been ex-
panded to accommodate storms with general-
ized motions of not too great complexity. Ex-
amples are storms that move alongshore,
recurve, remain stationary, accelerate, and
landfall (exit). Also, storm strength and size are
allowed to vary in a continuous monotonic
manner with time. Surges generated by these
generalized storms are complicated in space
and time, and they can occur on an extensive
coastline (hundreds of miles). Five track posi-
tions (spaced at 6-hr increments on the storm
path) and simple meteorological parameters
are the meteorological input for the program.
Detailed meteorological phenomena such as
explosive deepening of storms, violent changes
in storm track, and sudden accelerations of the
storm are not considered. In a qualitative and
heuristic manner; several strange dynamic
phenomena generated by the storms with
generalized motions are discussed. Several
special examples are computed by the program
and then interpreted for forecasting. (Modified
author abstract)
COM-74-11253/3CP PC A05/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Weather Modification Pro-
gram Office.
Computer Software for Rainfall Analyses and
Echo Tracking of Digitized Radar Data
Technical memo.
Stellan Sven Ostlund. Mar 74, 88p NOAA-TM-
ERL-WMPO-15, NOAA-74052009
Descriptors: 'Rainfall, "Radar echoes,
"Computer programs, Flux rate, Interpolation,
Fourier analysis, Meteorological radar, Radar
tracking.
The paper describes computer software
designed for digitized radar data. Program
packages include a scan-conversion from a
polar to a Cartesian grid system, a rain summa-
tion analysis over selected areas within the
whole area, and an echo tracking program
which calculates total rainrates and rainfalls
from isolated echoes matched from frame to
frame. All the results may be drawn on a pen
plotter for easier interpretation (Modified
author abstract)
COM-74-11286/3CP PC A06/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo Weather Modification Pro-
gram Office.
Guide to Computer Programs Used in the
Statistical Analysis of Florida Cumulus Seed-
ing Experiments
Technical memo.
Jane C. Eden. Apr74, 122p NOAA-TM-ERL-
WMPO-14, NOAA-74061201
Descriptors: 'Cumulus clouds. "Cloud seeding.
"Florida, "Computer programs, Statistical anal-
ysis. Programming manuals, FORTRAN, BASIC
programming language
Identifiers: FORTRAN 5 programming lan-
guage
The decision analyses to evaluate the seeding
effect of Florida cumulus experiments has
required the use of several computer programs
The purpose of this guide is to assist anyone in-
terested in this type of analysis, and to help
eliminate the duplication of effort that is often
present in developing software for similar tasks
Detailed discussions of the mathematics and
statistical procedures are explained in various
references. The instructions included here will
enable the reader to run the programs and to
anticipate the output.
COM-74-11295/4CP PC A05/MF A01
Stanford Research Inst . Menlo Park, Calif.
Atmospheric Transmittance Models for In-
frared Radiometric Measurements
Final rept.
Paul A. Davis. Mar 74, 82p NOAA-74060302
Contract NOAA-3-35208
Descriptors: "Remote sensing, "Radiometers,
"Atmospheric sounding, Water vapor. Carbon
dioxide. Ozone, Transmittance, Atmospheric
attenuation, Infrared radiation, Computer pro-
grams, FORTRAN.
The goal of this study was the design of com-
prehensive but simplified models for comput-
ing atmospheric transmittances appropriate to
the specific response characteristics of infrared
radiometers used in remote sensing Represen-
tations were derived which describe the trans-
mittance as a universal function of absorber
amount, pressure, and temperature; absorber
amounts appearing in a universal representa-
tion are scaled to convert nonhomogeneous
paths into equivalent homogeneous paths. For
any given spectral interval the total trans-
mittance was divided into independent factors
for water vapor and carbon dioxide or a com-
bination of uniformly mixed gases. (Modified
author abstract)
COM-74-11336/6CP PC E01/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Idaho Falls, Idaho. Air Resources Lab.
A Program for Evaluating Atmospheric
Dispersion from a Nuclear Power Station
Technical memo.
Jerrold F. Sagendorf. May 74, 18p NOAA-TM-
ERL-ARL-42, NOAA-74062710
Descriptors: "Nuclear power plants, "Air pollu-
tion, "Wind, Mathematical models, Computer
programming, FORTRAN, Site surveys.
Identifiers: SEP computer code, FORTRAN 4
programming language, IBM 360/75 compu-
ters.
A computer code (SEP for Site Evaluation Pro-
gram) is described. The program uses a joint
frequency distribution of winds and stability
classes to evaluate the atmospheric dispersion
potential near a nuclear power station. The
code includes models for short-term and long-
term effluent releases. A description of the
input parameters is included.
COM-74-11464/6CP PC E04/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Weather Modification Pro-
gram Office.
Digitizing, Recording, and Computer
Processing Weather Radar Data at the Ex-
perimental Meteorology Laboratory
Technical memo.
Victor Wiggert, and George F. Andrews. May 74,
73p NOAA-TM-ERL-WMPO-17, NOAA-
74080611
Prepared in cooperation with Rosenstiel
School of Marine and Atmospheric Science.
Miami. Fla.
Descriptors: 'Rainfall, "Cloud seeding,
"Meteorological radar, 'Data processing,
Storms, Computer programs. Meteorological
data, FORTRAN
Identifiers: Florida area cumulus experiment.
FORTRAN 5 programming language. WSR-57
radar.
Weather radar data, in the form of average
power returned from a sampled volume, con-
tains information which may permit calculating
an average rainfall rate in that volume. The
average power returned within 200 discreet
range bins and at 2 degrees azimuthal incre-
ments can be digitally quantified and then tape
recorded by using equipment designs and con-
cepts originated by the National Severe Storms
Laboratory. During the summer 1973. the Ex-
perimental Meteorology Laboratory conducted
the Florida Area Cumulus Experiment (FACE);
one of the purposes of FACE was to gain
knowledge of rainfall rates and total rain
47
volumes from convective showers and storms,
including those seeded with silver iodide flares.
One means of ascertaining such rainfall
characteristics was to have the Miami WSR-57
radar output digitally quantified and tape
recorded. The electronic equipment and com-
puter programs used to obtain and assess the
radar information are discussed. (Modified
author abstract)
COM-74-11470/3CP PC A04/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Idaho Falls, Idaho. Air Resources Labs.
Program Descriptions. Supplement to
Mesoscale Wind Fields and Transport Esti-
mates Determined from a Network of Wind
Towers
Technical memo.
L. L. Wendell. May 74, 55p NOAA-TM-ERL-ARL-
43, NOAA-74080605
Sponsored in part by Atomic Energy Commis-
sion, Washington, D.C.
Descriptors: 'Wind(Meteorology), "Computer
programs, Data processing, Subroutines.
Identifiers: Computer graphics.
A computer program was developed to analyze
objectively two-dimensional wind data from a
mesoscale network of stations. The result is a
graphic display of the network wind field at any
particular time and a plot of computed air
trajectories as a function of time and point of
origin. A brief description, a list of input varia-
bles, and program listings for the computer
program are provided.
COM-74-11627/8CP PC A04/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Idaho Falls, Idaho. Air Resources Labs.
Regional Effluent Dispersion Calculations
Considering Spatial and Temporal
Meteorological Variations
Technical memo.
G. E. Start, and L. L.Wendell. May 74, 71p
NOAA-TM-ERL-ARL-44.NOAA-74091808
Sponsored in part by Atomic Energy Commis-
sion, Washington, DC.
Descriptors: *Air pollution, 'Atmospheric mo-
tion, Computer programs, Diffusion, Mathe-
matical models, Wind velocity, Regional
planning. Meteorological data.
Identifiers: Wind roses.
An objective regional trajectory analysis
scheme has been combined with a Gaussian
diffusion model to yield a technique called
MESODIF (mesoscale diffusion). The trajectory
analysis scheme utilized wind data from a net-
work of tower-mounted wind sensors to con-
sider the effects of spatial variabilities of
horizontal wind flow near the surface, incor-
porated time changes in rates of diffusion, and
used an upper level lid to vertical mixing. The
diagnostic comparisons of regional dispersion
effects from each technique showed significant
differences over the range of scales con-
sidered. For short or accidental type of emis-
sions, the greatest shortcoming of the single
wind-station dispersion model was its failure to
identify, when applied within a region of spa-
tially variable winds, the subregion which
would be affected. Current usage of the wind
rose technique for regional dispersion calcula-
tions, especially at the longer distances, incor-
porates some systematic bias in the evalua-
tions. These shortcomings are points of con-
cern and should be reconciled with whatever
impact assessment schemes are to be utilized
within the mesoscale or regional domain.
COM-74-11808/4CP PC A04/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Space Environment Lab.
A Semi-Automated System for True Height
Analysis of Film lonograms. Part 3. Documen-
tation of Software
Technical memo.
R. B. Jurgens, G. Goe, and G. M. Lerfald. Oct 74,
73pNOAA-TM-ERL-SEL-34, NOAA-741 11809
Descriptors: 'lonograms, 'Computer programs,
Ionosphere, Electron density(Concentration),
Data processing, Mathematical models.
Part 1 of this series described an analysis
system that automates many of the steps
required to obtain electron density versus 'true'
height profiles from film ionogram data. The
semi-automated system retains the judgment
and pattern recognition capabilities of trained
operators to select and identify ionogram
traces of interest, but relies on automatic data
processing techniques to perform essentially
all other functions. The computer subroutines
documented in this memorandum relate
primarily to the processing of the data after the
ionogram traces have been digitized, but before
the true height is computed. These inter-
mediate data processing steps are necessary to
provide accurate digital input data for the true
height computer program.
COM-75-10117/0CP PC A03/MF A01
Notre Dame Univ., Ind. Dept. of Civil Engineer-
ing.
Tornado Photographic Analysis
Final rept.
Bruce J. Morgan. Jul 74, 50p NOAA-741231 10
Contract NOAA-04-3-022-32, Grant NOAA-04-4-
022-8
Descriptors: 'Tornadoes, 'Weather observa-
tions, Storm tracks, Meteorological instru-
ments, Photography, Data processing. Com-
puter programs, FORTRAN, Oklahoma.
Identifiers: Union City(Oklahoma).
On May 24, 1973 a severe storm system was
tracked from early afternoon until approximate-
ly 5:00 P.M. CDT when it produced a large tor-
nado near Union City, Oklahoma. The field
tracking crew was in excellent position at the
time of tornado touchdown and obtained con-
siderable photographic documentation of the
event. The report provides data concerning the
tornado obtained by analysis of the films,
discusses what was learned about how to study
films of this type, and finally makes recommen-
dations concerning what procedures should be
used in the future to achieve maximum data
from severe weather photography.
COM-75-10588/2CP PC A05/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Wave Propagation Lab.
The Search for Most Unstable Scales of
Disturbances in Three-Layer Atmospheric
Models with Shear and Static Stability-
Procedure and Results
Technical rept.
W. R. Moninger. Dec 74, 82p NOAA-TR-ERL-
314, WPL-36. NOAA-75041104
Paper copy also available from GPO as
C55.13:ERL314.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric disturbances.
Mathematical models, Complex variables,
Roots of equations, Eigenvectors, Algorithms,
Computer programs.
A program for finding the roots of a complex
function has been adapted to find buoyancy-
wave eigenfunctions of a three-layer at-
mospheric model of E.E Gossard. Eigenfunc-
tions are found in stable and unstable regions;
the most unstable wavelengths are presented
for various sets of model parameters. The pro-
gram and its use are described, including deck
listings and sample runs.
COM-75-10595/7CP PC A06/MF A01
Ohio State Univ., Research Foundation, Colum-
bus, Ohio.
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on
High-Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric
Gases. II. Calculations with the Voigt Line
Shape
Final rept.
James K. G. Watson, and Peter K. L. Yin. Jan 75,
118pNOAA-75041412
Grant NOAA-NG-28-72
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding,
'Atmospheric attenuation. Atmospheric scat-
tering, Refraction, Solar radiation, Computer
programs, Absorption, Temperature, Water
vapor, Spectral lines, Spectrum analysis, FOR-
TRAN.
Identifiers: 'Voigt profiles, Line shape, 'Solar
occultation absorption technique.
A general study of the effects of refraction and
dispersion in the solar occultation absorption
technique is described, based on the Voigt
profile for the shapes of individual spectral
lines. New numerical techniques are developed
to evaluate both the absorption and the disper-
sion of the Voigt profile. These techniques are
then applied to calculations of the angular
deviation and atmospheric absorption, taking
into account the curvature of the path and the
effect of anomalous dispersion. The feasibility
of the sounding of the water vapor mixing ratio
profile by intensity measurements of the line at
1404.988/cm is investigated with the strong line
approximation. The possibility of atmospheric
temperature sounding by means of the occulta-
tion absorption technique is discussed, and
sensitivity tests are performed. The computer
programs for these calculations, written in the
FORTRAN IV language, are included in the Ap-
pendix.
COM-75-10945/4CP PC A04/MF A01
National Bureau of Standards, Washington,
D.C. Inst, for Applied Technology.
Statistical Analysis of Extreme Winds
Final technical note
Emil Simiu, and James J. Filliben. Jun 75, 55p
Reptno.NBS-TN-868
Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 75-
600028. Paper copy also available from GPO as
C13.46:868.
Descriptors: 'Wind pressure, 'Hurricanes,
'Building codes, Probability distribution func-
tions. Wind velocity, Structural engineering,
Risk, Statistical analysis, Weather stations.
Meteorological data, Storms, Predictions, Com-
puter programs. Errors.
With a view to assessing the validity of current
probabilistic approaches to the definition of
design wind speeds, a study was undertaken of
extreme wind speeds based on records taken at
21 U.S. weather stations. For the purpose of
analyzing extreme value data, a computer pro-
gram was developed, which is described
herein. The following results were obtained: (1)
The assumption that a single probability dis-
tribution is universally applicable to all extreme
wind data sets in a given type of climate was not
confirmed, and (2) predictions of 100-year wind
speeds based on overlapping 20-year sets of
data taken at the same station differed between
themselves by as much as 100%. Similar predic-
tions for 1000-year winds differed by as much
as a few hundred %. Since wind pressures are
proportional to the square of the wind speeds,
errors of such magnitude are unacceptably
high for structural design purposes.
COM-75-11143/5CP PC A04/MF A01
Office of Telecommunications, Boulder, Colo.
Inst, for Telecommunication Sciences.
Global Representation of Annual and Solar
Cycle Variation of foF2 Monthly Median 1954-
1958
Research rept.
48
William B. Jones, and David L. Obitts. Oct 70,
51p Rept no. OT/ITSRR-3
Descriptors: 'Solar activity, *F 2 region,
'Ionosphere, Sunspots, Electromagnetic noise,
Solar radio emission, Solar cycle, Diurnal varia-
tions, Tables(Data), Graphs(Charts), Statistical
data, Computer programs, FORTRAN.
Annual and solar cycle variations of foF2
monthly median numerical maps are analyzed
for the 60 months of 1954 through 1958. The re-
port includes a description of the procedures
used in the analysis, an analysis of residuals
between observed data and computed values,
and FORTRAN program statements.
COM-75-11332/4CP PC A04/MF A01
National Weather Service, Silver Spring, Md.
Office of Hydrology.
Estimation of Hurricane Storm Surge in
Apalachicola Bay, Florida
Technical rept.
James E. Overland. Jun 75, 73p NOAA-TR-
NWS-17, NOAA-75082610
Sponsored in part by Federal Insurance Ad-
ministration, Washington, D.C.
Descriptors: 'Storm surges, 'Hurricanes,
'Apalachicola Bay, Climate, Mathematical
models, Hydrodynamics, Wind velocity, Flood-
ing, Models, Atmospheric pressure,
Islands(Landforms), Barriers, Hydrology,
BaysfTopographic features), Coasts, Florida,
Computer programs.
Identifiers: Hurricane Agnes.
A vertically integrated two-dimensional numeri-
cal hydrodynamic model is developed for simu-
lation of hurricane surge in Apalachicola Bay.
Standard explicit time differencing is used in
conjunction with a single Richardson lattice.
Model features include finite amplitude effects,
space variable wind velocities, and parame-
terization of flooding of terrain, overtopping of
barrier islands and flow through narrow passes.
The model utilizes the results of C.P. Jelesnian-
ski's SPLASH model computation for open
coast surge as input seaward of the Bay and
continues the same storm tract and wind field
as used in the SPLASH computation across the
Bay. The Bay model was calibrated for the as-
tronomical tides and verified against hurricane
Agnes. The response of Apalachicola Bay has
been determined from numerical computations
for a variety of hypothetical hurricanes as
specified by various storm parameters. Surge
heights in the Bay increase with hurricane cen-
tral pressure depression in a nearly linear
fashion as does the open coast surge. An im-
portant parameter is the duration that the open
coast surge remains high, a function of the for-
ward speed of the storm and, to a lesser extent,
the radius of the maximum winds.
COM-75-11395/1CP PC A17/MF A01
Massachusetts Inst, of Tech., Cambridge. Ralph
M. Parsons Lab. for Water Resources and
Hydrodynamics.
Rainfall-Runoff as Spatial Stochastic
Processes: Data Collection and Synthesis
Rafael L. Bras, and Ignacio Rodriguez-lturbe.
Jan 75, 384p* 196, R75-5, NOAA-75091809
Contract C-4-36738, DI-14-31-0001-9021
Descriptors: 'Rainfall, 'Runoff, 'Flood forecast-
ing. Stochastic processes, Rainfall intensity.
Optimization, Mathematical models, Sampling,
Computer programs, Weather forecasting, Cor-
relation techniques, Storms, Theses.
Identifiers: 'Storm water runoff.
This work recognizes rainfall and runoff as mul-
tidimensional stochastic processes. Using the
knowledge of such processes, a procedure for
designing an optimal network to measure the
total precipitation of an event over a fixed area
is given. The methodology used in this static
problem allows consideration of the following
aspects of network design: (1) Spatial correla-
tion of process (2) errors of measurement
techniques and their correlation (3) non-
homogeneous sampling costs. Optimal net-
works are given in terms of the number and lo-
cation of stations together with the resulting
cost and mean square error of estimation. The
relation between rainfall and runoff is recog-
nized as a dynamic problem. A statistically non-
stationary, multi-dimensional rainfall generator
is suggested. The suggested rainfall model is
used together with a runoff model to study the
accuracy of discharge prediction as a function
of the rainfall sampling network.
COM-75-11442/1CP PC A05/MF A01
National Bureau of Standards, Washington,
DC. Center for Building Technology.
The Buffeting of Tall Structures by Strong
Winds
Building science series
Emil Simiu, and Daniel W. Lozier. Oct 75, 93p*
Rept no. NBS-BSS-74
Library of Congress Catalog Card no. 75-30727.
Descriptors: 'Skyscrapers, 'Wind pressure,
Gust loads, Lateral pressure. Buffeting, Build-
ing codes. Dynamic response, Structural en-
gineering, Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Tall buildings.
Certain shortcomings of current procedures for
computing alongwind structural response have
been shown to result in unrealistic estimates of
tall building behavior under the action of strong
winds. Differences between predictions of fluc-
tuating response based on various such
procedures may be as high as 200%. In recent
years, advances in the state of the art have been
made which provide a basis for significantly im-
proved alongwind response predictions. The
purpose of the present work is to present a
procedure for calculating alongwind response
which incorporates and utilizes these ad-
vances. The basic structural, meteorological
and aerodynamic models employed are
described, and expressions for the alongwind
deflections and accelerations, consistent with
those models, are derived. A computer program
is presented for calculating the alongwind
response of structures with unusual modal
shapes or for which the contribution of the
higher modes to the response is significant.
COM-75-50059/5CP PC-GPO/MF A01-NTIS
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Space Environment Lab.
Global Scintillation Model
Technical rept.
J. H. Pope. Aug 74, 37p NOAA-TR-ERL-308,
SEL-30, NOAA-74121115
Paper copy available from GPO as
C55.13:ERL308-SEL30.
Descriptors: "Ionosphere, 'Sunspots, Scintilla-
tion, Electron density(Concentration), Mathe-
matical models, Computer programs. Magnetic
storms, Ionospheric disturbances, Seasonal
variations, Diurnal variations.
Identifiers: 'Ionospheric scintillations.
This report describes a recently developed
global scintillation model and its use for esti-
mating scintillation effects under various
operational conditions This model includes
frequency, solar cycle activity, seasonal effects,
diurnal effects, and variations with global loca-
tion. Certain geometrical effects are also con-
sidered
CONF-731205-1 PC E01/MF A01
Argonne National Lab., Ill, (Usa).
The What System: A New Digitized
Radiosonde and Double Theodolite Balloon
Tracking System for Atmospheric Boundary
Layer Investigations
P. Frenzen, and L. L. Prucha. 1973, 9p
Descriptors: 'Meteorology, 'Measuring instru-
ments, 'Air pollution, Measuring instruments,
Balloons, Boundary layers, Computer codes,
Electronic equipment, Optical systems, Spatial
distribution, Temperature measurement, W
codes, Wind.
Identifiers: AEC.
For abstract, see NSA29 03, number 07423.
CONF-770210-3 PC A02/MF A01
Union Carbide Corp., Oak Ridge, Tenn. Nuclear
Div.
Pathways of Trace Elements in the Environ-
ment
R.J. Raridon. 1977, 19p
Contract W-7405-ENG-26
A. A. advancement of science conference,
Denver, Colorado, United States of America
(USA), 20 Feb 1977.
Descriptors: 'Elements, 'Fossil-fuel power
plants, 'Gaseous wastes, 'Sulfur dioxide,
'Mathematical models, 'Trace amounts, A
codes. Calcium, Computer calculations. Com-
puter codes. Ecosystems, Environmental ef-
fects, Environmental transport, H codes, Mag-
nesium, Nitrogen, Nutrients, Phosphorus,
Potassium, Sodium, Surface air, Surface
waters, Toxicity.
Identifiers: ERDA/500200. ERDA/520200,
ERDA/010900, 'Path of pollutants, Combustion
products, Industrial wastes. Air pollution sam-
pling, Atmosheric motion, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Hydrology, Air water inter-
faces.
Applications of computer models for air trans-
port (ATM) and hydrologic transport (HTM) to
determine the pathways of trace elements in the
environment are discussed. Computed data
and measured data are compared for poten-
tially toxic contaminants found in gaseous
wastes from fossil-fuel power plants. It is
pointed out that meteorological data are
required for the air transport model and that for
each source it is necessary to know the emis-
sion rate, source height, and location relative to
the receptor point. Results of studies on ground
level SO sub 2 concentrations in mu g/m exp 3
as a function of distance from a proposed fos-
sil-fuel power plant, the environmental impact
of an existing power plant on its surroundings,
and in monitoring a 98 hectare watershed for
nutrient elements (K, Na, Ca, Mg, N, and P) are
discussed. (ERA citation 02:04621 5)
CONF-771109-58 PC A02/MF A01
Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn.
Monte Carlo Simulation of Turbulent At-
mospheric Transport: Comparison with Ex-
perimental Data
R. G. Alsmiller, Jr, F. S. Alsmiller, H. W. Bertini,
and C. L. Begovich. 1977, 6p
Contract W-7405-ENG-26
ANS winter meeting, San Francisco, CA, USA,
27 Nov 1977.
Descriptors: 'Computer codes, 'Plumes,
'Smokes, 'Stack disposal, Earth atmosphere,
Computer calculations. Diffusion, Monte Carlo
method, S codes, Simulation, Turbulence,
Wind.
Identifiers: ERDA/500100, Combustion
products, Industrial wastes, Atmospheric mo-
tion, 'Air pollution, SPOOR computer program.
The Monte Carlo computer code SPOOR per-
mits simple trajectories of individual tracer par-
ticles in the atmosphere to be followed. As
originally formulated, SPOOR provided the mo-
tion of the centroid of a puff of airborne tracers
released instantaneously from a fixed source
and the time evolution of the puff shape.
SPOOR has now been modified to allow for
continuous particle emission from a smoke
stack. Comparisons were made with experi-
mental data. (ERA citation 03:029307)
49
COO-1199-45 PC A02/MF A01
Illinois State Water Survey, Urbana.
Operational Aspects of Project Metromex: An
Inadvertent Weather Modification Study.
R. Cataneo. 1974, 3p Rept no. CONF-741 165-1
Descriptors: 'Illinois, Weather, 'Weather,
"Monitoring, 'Atmospheric precipitations,
Monitoring, Aircraft, Computer codes. Human
populations, Measuring instruments,
Meteorology, Radar, Sociology, Urban areas.
Water.
Identifiers: ERDA/500200, ERDA/500100,
'Urban areas, 'Inadvertent weather modifica-
tion.
The goals of METROMEX are: to study the ef-
fects of urban environments upon the frequen-
cy, amount, intensity and duration of precipita-
tion and related severe weather; to identify the
physical processes of the atmosphere which
are responsible for producing the observed
urban weather effects: to isolate the factors of
the city complex which are the causative agents
of the observed effects; and to assess the im-
pact of urban induced inadvertent weather
changes upon society. To achieve these goals,
the Water Survey has established and operates
networks of surface meteorological instrumen-
tation in the St. Louis region, operates a
meteorological aircraft, and utilizes weather
radars to observe clouds and precipitation.
COO-1340-52 Not available NTIS
Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins. Dept. of At-
mospheric Science.
Effects of Atmospheric Variability on Energy
Utilization and Conservation
E. R. Reiter, G. R. Johnson, W. L. Somervell, Jr,
E. W. Sparling, and E. Dreiseitly. Nov 76, 86p
Contract EY-76-S-02-1340
Available from ERDA, P.O. Box 62, Oak Ridge,
TN 37830, Attn: TIC.
Descriptors: 'Buildings, 'Energy conservation,
'Energy consumption, 'Energy models, Com-
puter codes, USA, Economics, Energy demand,
Forecasting, H codes, Mathematical models.
Meteorology, Research programs, Space heat-
ing, Weather.
Identifiers: ERDA/320100.
Research conducted between 1 July 1975 and
31 October 1976 is reported. A "physical-adap-
tive" model of the space-conditioning demand
for energy and its response to changes in
weather regimes was developed. This model in-
cludes parameters pertaining to engineering
factors of building construction, to weather-re-
lated factors, and to socio-economic factors.
Preliminary testing of several components of
the model on the city of Greeley, Colorado,
yielded most encouraging results. Other com-
ponents, especially those pertaining to socio-
economic factors, are still under development.
Expansion of model applications to different
types of structures and larger regions is
presently underway. A CRT-display model for
energy demand within the conterminous United
States also has passed preliminary tests. A
major effort was expended to obtain disag-
gregated data on energy use from utility com-
panies throughout the United States. The study
of atmospheric variability revealed that the 22-
to 26-day vacillation in the potential and kinetic
energy modes of the Northern Hemisphere is
related to the behavior of the planetary long-
waves, and that the midwinter dip in zonal
available potential energy is reflected in the
development of blocking highs. Attempts to
classify weather patterns over the eastern and
central United States have proceeded satisfac-
torily to the point where testing of our method
for longer time periods appears desirable. (ERA
citation 02:022698)
JPRS-53174 PC E01 MF A01
Joint Publications Research Service, Washing-
ton, DC.
Global Contamination of the Atmosphere by
Krypton-85 from Worldwide Nuclear Power
Plants and the Radiation Danger
I. L. Karol, V. M. Ivanov, V. M. Kolobashkin. O. I.
Leipunskii, and V. I. Nekrasov. 20 May 71, 18p*
Trans, from mono. Globalnoe Zagryaznenie At-
mosfery Kriptonom-85 ot Mirovoi Yadernoi
Energetiki i Ego Radiatsionnaya Opasnost,
Moscow, n.d., 25p.
Descriptors: 'Krypton 85, "Atmospheric com-
position, 'Air pollution, 'Radioactive contami-
nants, 'Nuclear power plants, Air pollution,
Mathematical models, Computer programs,
Radiation dosage, Troposphere, Stratosphere,
Atmospheric motion. Forecasting, Cosmic rays,
Concentration(Composition), Nuclear explo-
sion effects. Standards, USSR, Translations.
In the report the annual mean and zonally
averaged concentration of krypton-85 in the
troposphere and lower stratosphere of the
Northern and Southern hemispheres is calcu-
lated on the basis of a numerical solution with a
computer of boundary problems for an equa-
tion of a numerical derivation of a model of the
global spread of the admixture in a meridional
plane of the atmosphere as constructed by
Karol. The results of the calculations with vari-
ous combinations of the parameters of the
transfer of the model are compared with results
of measurements both in our country and
abroad. Predicted distribution of the expected
levels of concentration of krypton-85 have been
obtained up to the year 2000. The correspond-
ing radiation dose strengths in the air for the
whole body and for individual organs of the
human body have also been calculated. These
dose strengths and concentrations are com-
pared with the maximum allowable levels which
have been established on the basis of the cur-
rent recommendations of the International
Commission for Radiological Defense and
medical rules. (Author)
LA-6103 PC A03/MF A01
Los Alamos Scientific Lab., N.Mex.
Monte Carlo Simulation of the Turbulent
Transport of Airborne Contaminants.
C. W. Watson, and S. Barr. Sep 75, 28p
Contract W-7405-Eng-36
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Diffusion, Com-
puter codes, Monte Carlo method, S codes,
Simulation, Time dependence. Transport, Tur-
bulence, Wind.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric diffusion. Mathemati-
cal models. Computer programs.
A generalized, three-dimensional Monte Carlo
model and computer code (SPOOR) are
described for simulating atmospheric transport
and dispersal of small pollutant clouds. A cloud
is represented by a large number of particles
that we track by statistically sampling simulated
wind and turbulence fields. These fields are
based on generalized wind data for large-scale
flow and turbulent energy spectra for the
micro- and mesoscales. The large-scale field
can be input from a climatological data base, or
by means of real-time analyses, or from a
separate, subjectively defined data base. We in-
troduce the micro- and mesoscale wind fluc-
tuations through a power spectral density, to
include effects from a broad spectrum of turbu-
lent-energy scales. The role of turbulence is
simulated in both meander and dispersal. Com-
plex flow fields and time-dependent diffusion
rates are accounted for naturally, and shear ef-
fects are simulated automatically in the ensem-
ble of particle trajectories. An important ad-
junct has been the development of computer-
graphics displays. These include two- and
three-dimensional (perspective) snapshots and
color motion pictures of particle ensembles,
plus running displays of differential and in-
tegral cloud characteristics. The model's ver-
satility makes it a valuable atmospheric
research tool that we can adapt easily into
broader, multicomponent systems-analysis
codes. Removal, transformation, dry or wet
deposition, and resuspension of contaminant
particles can be readily included.
LA-6763 PC A06/MF A01
Los Alamos Scientific Lab., N.Mex.
Rainout Assessment: The ACRA System and
Summaries of Simulation Results
C. W. Watson, S. Barr, and R. E. Allenson. Sep
77, 123p
Contract W-7405-ENG-36
Descriptors: 'Nuclear weapons, 'Precipitation
scavenging, 'Radioactive aerosols,
'Radioactive clouds, A codes. Climates, Com-
puter calculations, Computer codes. Diffusion,
Earth crust, Environmental transport, Europe,
Forecasting, Meteorology, Monte carlo method,
Nuclear explosions, Probability, Rain, Random-
ness, Simulation, Storms, Surface air, Time de-
pendence, Washout.
Identifiers: ERDA/500300, ERDA/450202,
Mathematical models. Atmospheric diffusion,
ACRA system.
A generalized, three-dimensional, integrated
computer code system was developed to esti-
mate collateral-damage threats from precipita-
tion-scavenging (rainout) of airborne debris-
clouds from defensive tactical nuclear engage-
ments. This code system, called ACRA for At-
mospheric-Contaminant Rainout Assessment,
is based on Monte Carlo statistical simulation
methods that allow realistic, unbiased simula-
tions of probabilistic storm, wind, and
precipitation fields that determine actual mag-
nitudes and probabilities of rainout threats.
Detailed models (or data bases) are included for
synoptic-scale storm and wind fields; debris
transport and dispersal (with the roles of com-
plex flow fields, time-dependent diffusion, and
multidimensional shear effects accounted for
automatically); microscopic debris-precipita-
tion interactions and scavenging probabilities;
air-to-ground debris transport; local demo-
graphic features, for assessing actual threats to
populations; and nonlinear effects accumula-
tions from multishot scenarios. The authors
simulated several hundred representative shots
for West European scenarios and climates to
study single-shot and multishot sensitivities of
rainout effects to variations in pertinent physi-
cal variables. (ERA citation 03:019731 )
N70-22632/CP HC E01 MF A01
TRW Systems, Redondo Beach, Calif.
Feasibility Study for Remote Sensing of At-
mospheric Turbulence Profiles.
R. S. Margulies, A. Peskoff, and L. K. Wanlas.
Mar 70, 99p Rept nos. NASA-CR-1 491 , TRW-
1 0636-6001 -R0-00
Contract NAS12-2023
Coll-99PRefs
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models, 'Clear air
turbulence, 'Remote sensors, Computer pro-
grams, Correlation, Data reduction, Environ-
ment simulation, Mathematical models.
For abstract, see STAR 081 0
N70-22824/CP HC E01 MF A01
Danish Space Research Inst., Lyngby.
The Effect of Large Scale Irregularities on the
Propagation of VLF Waves Through the
Lower Ionosphere with Special Reference to
Auroral Hiss.
E. Ungstrup. Oct 69, 21 p
Spon- Sponsored By Tech. Univ. of Den.
Descriptors: 'Arcs, 'Hiss, "Lower ionosphere,
'Ray tracing, 'Very low frequencies, Computer
programs, D region, E region. Electromagnetic
scattering. Electron density (concentration),
Ionospheric propagation, Irregularities, Snells
law, Whistlers.
50
For abstract, see STAR 0810
N70-25092/CP HC E01 MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Md.
Explorer 22 Electrostatic Probe Data Analysis
- Testing the Results for Accuracy.
E.J.Gregg. Mar 70, 21 p Rept nos. NASA-TM-X-
63879, X-621 -70-71
Subm- Submitted for Publication
Descriptors: "Data reduction, 'Electron probes,
'Error analysis, 'Explorer 32 satellite, Computer
programs, Electron density (concentration),
Electron energy.
For abstract, see STAR 081 1
N70-26323/CP HC E01 MF A01
Ludwig-maximilians-universitat, Munich (West
Germany). Meteorologisches Inst.
Statistical Evaluation of Measured Data Ob-
tained at the Meteorological Station of the
Munich Research Reactor.
Statistische Bearbeitung Der An Der
Meteorologischen Station Beim
Forschungsreaktor Muenchen Gewonnenen
Messdaten
E. Schoellmann. Apr68, 106p Rept no. MITT-14
Lang- in German
Descriptors: 'Meteorological parameters,
'Reactor technology, 'Statistical analysis. An-
nual variations, Atmospheric moisture, At-
mospheric temperature, Computer programs.
Diurnal variations, Fortran, Germany, Nuclear
research and test reactors. Vapor pressure,
Wind velocity.
For abstract, see STAR 0812
N70-29050/CP HC E01 MF A01
Departement D Etudes Et de Recherches en
Technologie Spatiale, Toulouse (France).
Theoretical Study and Calculation of Particle
Flux in the Stable Region of the Magneto-
sphere.
Evaluation Theorique Et Calcul des Flux de
Particules Dans La Zone Stable De'la
Magnetosphere
J. -P. Philippon. 10 Mar 70, 145p
Lang- in French
Descriptors: 'Aerospace environments, 'Flux
(rate), 'Magnetosphere, 'Radiation belts,
'Satellite orbits. Computer programs, Geomag-
netism, Trapped particles.
For abstract, see STAR 0814
N70-29112/CP HC E01 MF A01
Meteorologisches Observatorium, Hohenpeis-
senberg (West Germany).
Program for Electronic Evaluation of
Radiosonde Ascents.
Programm Zur Elektronischen Auswertung Von
Radiosondenaufstiegen
Oct69,62p
Lang- in German Seri- Its Sonderbeobachtun-
gen des Meteorol. Obs. Hohenpeissenberg No.
4
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric composition,
'Atmospheric physics, 'Computer programs,
"Ozonometry, 'Radiosondes, Cdc 3800 com-
puter, Data processing equipment, Evaluation,
Observatories.
For abstract, see STAR 0814
N70-31479/CP HC E01 MF A01
Luftwaffenamt, Porz (West Germany). Inspek-
tion Geo-physikalischer Beratungsdienst Der
Bundeswehr.
Radiosonde Ascents Reaching High Altitudes
- Tripoli, Libya, 1951-1957. Part 1 - Work Re-
port.
Hochreichende Radiosondenaufstiege -
Tripolis/Libyen, 1951-1957. Teil 1 -
Arbeitsbericht
W. Alfuth. Nov 68, 51 p Rept no.
GEOPHYSBDBW-FM-l/138
Lang- in German
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Digital
computers, 'High altitude, 'Meteorological
charts, 'Meteorological parameters,
"Radiosondes, Atmospheric pressure, Data
acquisition. Frequency distribution, Statistical
analysis, Tables (data).
For abstract, see STAR 0816
N70-35689/CP HC E01 MF A01
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co., Palo Alto,
Calif. Space Sciences Lab.
Lockheed Experiment on Ats-5 Quarterly Re-
port, 1 Mar. - 31 May 1970.
31 May 70, 67p Rept nos. NASA-CR-1 10029,
QR-3
Contract NAS5-10392
Descriptors: *Ats 5, 'Auroral spectroscopy,
'Data reduction, 'Magnetospheric instability,
Computer programs, Spectrum analysis.
For abstract, see STAR 081 9
N70-35774/CP HC E01 MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Electronics Research Center, Cambridge,
Mass.
A Ray Tracing Digital Computer Program for
the Study of Magnetospheric Duct Propaga-
tion.
J. Ramasastry, and E.J.Walsh. 1970, 299p Rept
no. NASA-SP-3055
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Digital
computers, 'Electromagnetic radiation,
'Magnetosphere, 'Ray tracing, Control units
(computers), Input/output routines. Integrators,
Manuals, Mathematical models.
For abstract, see STAR 081 9
N70-36971/CP HC E01 MF A01
Weapons Research Establishment, Salisbury
(Australia).
Extinction of a Tangential Ray, by Ray Trac-
ing Through the Atmosphere.
F. C. Hymus, and K. H. Lloyd. May 69, 46p Rept
no. WRE-TN-HSA-152
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric radiation,
'Computer programs, 'Radiation absorption,
'Ray tracing, 'Solar radiation, Atmospheric
models, Atmospheric refraction, Fortran,
Twilight glow.
For abstract, see STAR 0820
N70-40978/CP PC E01 MF A01
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Iono-
sphere Research Lab.
Tables from the Penn State Mark 1 Iono-
spheric Model.
J. S. Nisbet. 20 Aug 70, 1 74p Rept nos. NASA-
CR-113799.SR-362/E/
Contract NGL-39-009-003
Descriptors: *F 2 region, "Ionospheric electron
density, 'Sporadic e layer, 'Tables (data), At-
mospheric models. Computer programs.
For abstract, see STAR 0823
N70-42935/CP PC E01 MF A01
Illinois Univ., Urbana. Aeronomy Lab.
Fortran Programs for Calculating Lower Iono-
sphere Electron Densities and Collision
Frequencies from Rocket Data.
N. Golshan, E. A. Mechtly, P. E. Monro, and R.
S. Sastry. 1 Jul 70, 62p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
110899, UILU-ENG-70-260
Contract NGR-14-005-013
Seri- Its Aeronomy Rept. No. 37
Descriptors: 'Collision rates, 'Computer pro-
grams, 'Electron density (concentration),
'Lower ionosphere, 'Nike-apache rocket vehi-
cle, Fortran, Numerical analysis, Radio trans-
mission. Standing waves.
For abstract, see STAR 0824
N71-10986/CP PC E01 MF A01
Scientific Translation Service, Santa Barbara,
Calif.
Machine Analysis of Infrared Cloud Images
Obtained by the Cosmos-122 Satellite.
Mashinnyy Analiz Infrakrasnykh Izobrazheniy
Oblachnosti Poluchennykh So Sputnika
Kosmos- 122
L. G. Maxina. Nov 70, 15p Rept no. NASA-TT-F-
13369
Contract NASW-2035
Coll- 15 P Refs Tran- Transl. Into English From
Tr. Gidrometeorol. Nauchno-issledovatel'
SkogoTsentraSsr(USSR), No. 20, 1968 P 59-66
Descriptors: 'Cloud photography, 'Cosmos
satellites, 'Infrared imagery, 'Television equip-
ment. Algorithms, Computer programs, Decod-
ing.
For abstract, see STAR 0901
N71-22619/CP PC E01 MF A01
Cornell Aeronautical Lab., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y.
Investigation of Warm Fog Properties and
Fog Modification Concepts
W.J. Eadie, W. C. Kocmond, R. P. Leonard, E.J.
Mack, and R.J. Pilie. Apr 71, 113p Rept nos.
NASA-CR-1731, CAL-RM-2864-P-1
Contract NASW-1933
Coll- 113 P Refs
Descriptors: 'Chemical reactions, 'Cloud seed-
ing, 'Fog, 'Hygroscopicity, Computer pro-
grams, Dissipation, Meteorological parameters,
Turbulent diffusion.
Identifiers: NASA subject code 20.
For abstract, see STAR 091 1
N71-25669/CP PC A03
Office National D Etudes Et de Recherches
Aerospatiales, Toulouse (France). Dept.
D'etudes Et de Recherches en Technologie
Spatiale.
Program Eldose for Calculating the Distribu-
tion of Absorbed Doses in Space Environ-
ment and Charged Particle Acceleration Thin
Films (Protons and Electrons)
Programme Eldose pour le Calcul des
Repartitions de Doses Absorbees Dans les
Ecrans Minces en Environnement Spatial Et en
Simulation A I'Accelerateur de Particules
Chargees (Protons - Electrons)
J. Bourrieau, and R. Schuttler Dec 70, 34p Rept
no. ONERA-NT-/02/20/70
Lang- in French
Descriptors: "Computer programs, "Electron
flux density, "Proton flux density, "Radiation
dosage, "Satellite orbits, "Spatial distribution.
Computerized simulation. Pulse amplitude,
Space environment simulation. Synchronous
satellites, Thin films.
For abstract, see STAR 0914
N71-30149/CP PC E01 MF A01
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co., Huntsville,
Ala. Research and Engineering Center.
51
Taer Wind Conversion Program (Tarwon)
User's Manual
J. E.Tyson. May 71, 134p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
119176, HREC-6128-1
Contract NAS8-26128
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Data reduc-
tion, 'Data storage, 'Low pass filters, 'Magnetic
tapes, 'Radar tracking, Balloons, Curve fitting,
Mathematical models, Univac 1108 computer,
Wind velocity.
For abstract, see STAR 091 7
N71-33870/CP PC E01 MF A01
Wisconsin Univ., Madison. Space Science and
Engineering Center.
Time Domain Data Extraction, Radio Al-
timetry, and Application of Ats Data Quarterly
Report, 1 Apr. - 30 Jun. 1971
V. E. Suomi. 30 Jun 71 , 8p Rept no. NASA-CR-
121438
Contract NAS5-1 1542
Descriptors: "Applications technology satel-
lites, 'Data reduction, 'Meteorology, 'Radio al-
timeters, Cloud photographs. Computer pro-
grams.
For abstract, see STAR 0920
N71-35701/CP PC E01/MF A01
United Aircraft Corp., East Hartford, Conn.
Research Labs.
Additional Research on Instabilities in At-
mospheric Flow Systems Associated with
Clear Air Turbulence
R. C.Stoeffler. Aug 71, 105p Rept nos. NASA-
CR-122041, K910563-19
Contract NASW-1582
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric circulation, 'Clear
air turbulence, 'Computer programs, 'Shear
layers, Atmospheric density, Flow stability, Jet
streams (meteorology), Mountains.
For abstract, see STAR 0922
N72-14641/CP PC E01/MF A01
Georgia Univ., Athens. Dept. of Physics.
Use of the Negative Binomial-Truncated Pois-
son Distribution in Thunderstorm Prediction
A. C. Cohen. Dec 71, 18p Rept no. NASA-CR-
61370
Contract NAS8-11175
Descriptors: "Poisson density functions,
'Statistical weather forecasting,
'Thunderstorms, Approximation, Binomial
theorem. Computer programs. Mathematical
models. Probability distribution functions.
For abstract, see STAR 1005
N72-16144/CP PCE01/MFA01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston, Tex.
A UNIVAC 1108 Computer Program for Use
with Worldwide Cloud Cover Distribution Data
K. D. Kyle. Oct 71 , 35p Rept no. NASA-TM-X-
58071
Descriptors: "Cloud cover, 'Computer pro-
grams, 'Data processing, "Earth resources pro-
gram, 'Mission planning, Earth resources sur-
vey aircraft, Earth resources technology satel-
lites. Remote sensors, Univac 1 108 computer.
For abstract, see STAR 1007
N72-18359/CP PC E01/MF A01
Northrop Services, Inc., Huntsville, Ala
Auroral Oval Kinematics Program
R. H. Comfort. Jan 72, 109p Rept nos. NASA-
CR-61373.TR-241-1028
Contract NAS8-21810
Descriptors: 'Auroral zones, 'Computer pro-
grams, 'Kinematics, Geography, Magnetic
storms, Universal time.
A computer program which determines the
geographic location of the auroral oval for
given universal time and level of geomagnetic
activity was developed for use on the IBM 7094
computer. The program provides both printed
output of geographic coordinates of auroral
oval boundaries and polar plots of the auroral
oval. In addition, there is available a time-in-
tegration option which indicates how long a
given location is under the auroral oval during a
specified period. A description is given of the
program and its use.
N72-20322/CP PC E01/MF A01
United Aircraft Corp., East Hartford, Conn.
Additional Research on Instabilities in At-
mospheric Flow Systems Associated with
Clear Air Turbulence
R. C. Stoeffler. Apr 72, 75p Rept no. NASA-CR-
1985
Contract NASW-1582
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models, 'Clear air
turbulence, 'Flow stability, Computer pro-
grams, Fluid mechanics, Lee waves. Open
channel flow, Shear flow. Velocity distribution.
Analytical and experimental fluid mechanics
studies were conducted to investigate instabili-
ties in atmospheric flow systems associated
with clear air turbulence. The experimental por-
tion of the pd using an open water channel
which allows investigation of flows having wide
ranges of shear air turbulence. The experimen-
tal portion of the pd using an open water chan-
nel which allows investigation of flows having
wide ranges of shear and density stratification.
The program was primarily directed toward stu-
dies of the stability of straight, stratified shear
flows with particular emphasis on the effects of
velocity profile on stability: on studies of three-
dimensional effects on the breakdown region in
shear layers; on the the interaction of shear
flows with long-wave length internal waves;
and on the stability of shear flows consisting of
adjacent stable layers. The results of these stu-
dies were used to evaluate methods used in
analyses of CAT encounters in the atmosphere
involving wave-induced shear layer instabilities
of the Kelvin-Helmholta type. A computer pro-
gram was developed for predicting shear-layer
instability and CAT induced by mountain waves.
This technique predicts specific altitudes and
locations where CAT would be expected.
(Author)
N72-24972/CP PC A03/MF A01
Institut Franco-allemand de Recherches, St.
Louis (france).
Equation of State of the Air for Pressures Up
to 1000 Bar and Temperatures Up to 3000 K .
Equation Detat de Lair pour Une Pression In-
ferieure a 1000 Bar et Une Temperature In-
ferieure a 3000 K
G. Freiss. 21 Sep 70, 26p Rept no. ISL-19/70
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, "Equations
of state, "Nuclear explosions, 'Shock waves,
'Thermodynamics, Air, Gas mixtures. Gas pres-
sure, Gas temperature, Real gases.
The equation of state for air behind the shock
wave of a nuclear explosion where pressure
might be as high as 1000 bar is developed.
Thermodynamic parameters such as pressure,
enthalpy, and entropy of the air, considered as
a mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, are calcu-
lated. The computer program is included.
(Author)
N72-26289/CP PC E01/MF A01
Mississippi State Univ., State College. Inst, for
Environmental Studies.
A Direct Numerical Method for Predicting
Concentration Profiles in a Turbulent Boun-
dary Layer over a Flat Plate
M.S. Thesis
J. W. Dow. Jun 72, 1 16p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
2050, IES-72-02-001
Contract NGL-25-001-32
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric diffusion, 'Flat
plates, 'Mass transfer, 'Numerical analysis,
'Turbulent boundary layer, Ammonia, At-
mospheric models, Computer programs, For-
tran, Turbulent diffusion.
A numerical solution of the turbulent mass
transport equation utilizing the concept of eddy
diffusivity is presented as an efficient method of
investigating turbulent mass transport in boun-
dary layer type flows. A FORTRAN computer
program is used to study the two-dimensional
diffusion of ammonia, from a line source on the
surface, into a turbulent boundary layer over a
flat plate. The results of the numerical solution
are compared with experimental data to verify
the results of the solution. Several other solu-
tions to diffusion problems are presented to il-
lustrate the versatility of the computer program
and to provide some insight into the problem of
mass diffusion as a whole. (Author)
N72-28639/CP PC A02/MF A01
Finnish Meteorological Inst., Helsinki.
Numerical Weather Prediction in Finland Dur-
ing 1969
D. Soederman. Dec 71 , 22p Rept no. TR-1
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Finland,
'Numerical weather forecasting, Climatology,
Data acquisition, Data processing, Meteorolog-
ical parameters.
The numerical weather prediction activities in
Finland during 1969 are presented. The report
includes a comparison of weekly 96 hour
barotropic forecasts with the corresponding
Swedish routine forecasts for the 500 mb level
and verification of 52 cases of baroclinic 36
hour forecasts, computed by using five
separate versions of a filtered three-parameter
model for each synoptic situation. (Author)
N72-32833/CP PC E06/MF A01
Radiation Research Associates, Inc., Fort
Worth, Tex.
Analysis of Radiation and Meteoroid Satellite
Data
Final Report
B.J. Farmer. Jul 72, 145p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
128535, RRA-T7206
Contract NAS9-1 1903
Descriptors: 'Artificial satellites,
'Extraterrestrial radiation, 'Meteorites,
'Radiation and meteoroid satellite, 'Remote
sensors, 'Satellite observation, Computer pro-
grams, Data acquisition, Data processing
equipment, Data systems.
The data obtained in earth orbit by the Radia-
tion and Meteoroid Satellite (RMS) were in-
terpreted and reduced to a form which will be
usable by future space experimenters. The
required tasks are detailed. Computer pro-
grams were written which lifted the raw data
and associated emphemeris data from the GFE
magnetic tapes. The engineering data was then
used to evaluate the performance of the
spacecraft and the experiments. The radiation
data was used to prepare flux, spectral, and
dose maps of the South Atlantic magnetic
anomaly where possible. The meteoroid data
was used to determine a rough estimate of the
meteoroid flux and in general evaluate the per-
formance of the thin-film meteoroid sensors.
The degree of success of the RMS mission was
evaluated in light of the separation anomaly
which occurred between RMS and OFO during
launch. (Author)
52
N73-11656/CP PC A04/MF A01
Research Inst, of National Defence, Stockholm
(Sweden).
Computer Program for Calculation of
Geostrophic Trajectories . Datorprogram Foer
Beraekning AV Geostrofiska Trajektorier
A. Ekroth. Jul 71 , 58p Rept no. FOA-4-C-4469-
A1
Descriptors: 'Computer programs,
'Geostrophic wind, Fortran, Trajectories.
A method and program are described for calcu-
lating geostrophic trajectories. The calculation
is based on information about topography of an
isobar contour and can be done either forwards
or backwards in time for up to 99 simultaneous
trajectories. Input and output data are specified
so that calculations can be made to continue on
from the trajectories end point. The program is
written in FORTRAN 4 for the IBM 7090 com-
puter. (Author)
N73-13376/CP PC A03/MF A01
Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor. Space Physics
Research Lab.
OGO-F-02 Data Analysis
Final Report
A. F. Nagy, W. M. Silvis, and E. C. Foust. Nov 72,
37p Rept no. NASA-CR-130128
Contract NAS5-9306, ORA PROJ. 078900
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Electron
energy, *Ogo-d, Electron density
(concentration), Electrostatic probes, Statisti-
cal analysis.
The OGO-VI satellite, which was launched on
June 5, 1969 carried a complement of twenty-
six experiments. One of those instruments, the
F-02 package, was a cylindrical Langmuir
probe experiment whose primary purpose was
to measure ionospheric electron temperatures
and densities. This report briefly describes the
F-02 experiment itself, outlines the computer
programs developed to analyze the raw data,
and gives a summary of the scientific informa-
tion obtained, with the aid of this experiment.
(Author)
N73-14808/CP PC E01/MF A01
California Univ., Los Angeles. Space Science
Center.
Correlative Studies of the Solar Wind. The In-
terplanetary Magnetic Field, and Their Effects
on the Geomagnetic Cavity Using Explorer 33
and 35 Data
Final Report
P.J. Coleman, Jr. 9 Aug 72, 13p Rept no. NASA-
CR-129924
Contract NGR-05-007-305
Descriptors: 'Bow waves, 'Explorer satellites,
'Magnetic effects, 'Solar wind, Computer pro-
grams, Magnetic storms. Shock waves.
The work completed in the study of the effects
of the solar wind and interplanetary magnetic
field on the bow shock and geomagnetic cavity
is reported along with work underway but not
yet completed. The correlative data from Ex-
plorer 33 and 35, and the computer programs
for processing the data are described. The
research discussed includes: polar cusps, sub-
storms, geomagnetic activity, and North-South
component of the interplanetary magnetic field.
Lists of publications, and papers presented at
meetings are included.
N73-20309/CP PC E05/MF A01
Lockheed Electronics Co., Houston, Tex. Ap-
plied Mechanics Dept.
Computations of Non-Reacting and Reacting
Viscous Blunt Body Flows, Volume 1
C. P. Li. Feb 73, 123p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
128871, TR2007-VOL-1
Contract NAS9-1 2200
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric entry, 'Flow dis-
tribution, 'Flow equations, 'Nose cones, 'Space
shuttle orbiters, Boundary layer flow, Computer
programs, Reentry physics, Viscous flow.
Identifiers: NASA.
The computer programs developed for compu-
tation of viscous shock layer flow distribution
surrounding the nose of a shuttle orbiter during
reentry are presented. The problem formulation
and the numerical procedures used to solve the
basic set of equations are described. The
results of flow distribution properties at several
trajectory points, ranging from the high altitude
rarefied region to the low altitude boundary
layer region are analyzed. (Author)
N73-28050/5CP PC E09/MF A01
Cramer (H.E.) Co., Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah.
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and
Computer Program for Operational Prediction
of Toxic Fuel Hazards
R. K. Dumbauld, J. R. Bjorklund, and J. F.
Bowers. Jun 73, 293p Rept no. NASA-CR-
1 29006
Contract NAS8-29033
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric diffusion,
'Computer programs, 'Operational hazards,
'Rocket launching, Exhaust gases, Meteorolog-
ical parameters, Toxicity and safety hazard.
Identifiers: NASA.
The NASA/MSFC multilayer diffusion models
are discribed which are used in applying
meteorological information to the estimation of
toxic fuel hazards resulting from the launch of
rocket vehicle and from accidental cold spills
and leaks of toxic fuels. Background informa-
tion, definitions of terms, description of the
multilayer concept are presented along with
formulas for determining the buoyant rise of
hot exhaust clouds or plumes from conflagra-
tions, and descriptions of the multilayer diffu-
sion models. A brief description of the com-
puter program is given, and sample problems
and their solutions are included. Derivations of
the cloud rise formulas, users instructions, and
computer program output lists are also in-
cluded. (Author)
N73-30627/6CP PC E06/MF A01
Colorado State Univ., Fort Collins. Dept. of Civil
Engineering.
A Comparison of a Coaxial Focused Laser
Doppler System in Atmospheric Measure-
ments
Final Report.
S. Karaki.25Jun 73, 161p Rept no. NASA-CR-
124355
Contract NAS8-26234
Descriptors: 'Anemometers, "Atmospheric tur-
bulence, 'Doppler effect, 'Lasers, 'Wind mea-
surement, Computer programs, Flow distribu-
tion, Meteorological parameters.
Identifiers: NASA.
Measurements of atmospheric velocities and
turbulence with the laser Doppler system were
obtained, and the results compared with cup
anemometer and hot-wire measurements in the
same wind field. The laser Doppler velocimeter
(LDV) is described along with the test
procedures. It was found that mean values
determined from the LDV data are within 5% of
other anemometer data for long time periods,
and the LDV measures higher velocities.
N73-31147/4CP PC E07/MF A01
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Iono-
spheric Research Lab.
D-Region Blunt Probe Data Analysis Using
Hybrid Computer Techniques
W.J. Burkhard. 28 Jun 73, 177p Rept nos.
NASA-CR-135646, PSU-IRL-SCI-415
Contract NGR-39-009-218, DA-ARO(D)-31-124-
72-G158
Descriptors: 'Computer techniques, *D region,
'Data processing, 'Data reduction, 'Hybrid
computers, Blunt bodies, Computer programs,
Space probes.
Identifiers: NASA.
The feasibility of performing data reduction
techniques with a hybrid computer was studied.
The data was obtained from the flight of a
parachute born probe through the D-region of
the ionosphere. A presentation of the theory of
blunt probe operation is included with empha-
sis on the equations necessary to perform the
analysis. This is followed by a discussion of
computer program development. Included in
this discussion is a comparison of computer
and hand reduction results for the blunt probe
launched on 31 January 1972. The comparison
showed that it was both feasible and desirable
to use the computer for data reduction. The
results of computer data reduction performed
on flight data acquired from five blunt probes
are also presented. (Author)
N73-31638/2CP PC E01/MF A01
Lockheed Missiles and Space Co., Palo Alto,
Calif. Space Sciences Lab.
Analysis of Low Energy Electrons
Final Report.
R. D. Sharp. 1 Jun 73, 15p Rept nos. LMSC-
D350709, NASA-CR-133920
Contract NASW-2253
Descriptors: 'Auroral zones, 'Electron energy,
'Plasma sheaths. Computer programs.
Geophysical observatories, Mapping, Ogo-c,
Spectrometers.
Identifiers: NASA.
Simultaneous observations of low energy elec-
trons in the plasma sheet and in the auroral
zone were analyzed. Data from the MIT plasma
experiment on the OGO-3 satellite and from the
Lockheed experiment on the OV1-18 satellite
were processed and compared. The OV1-18
carried thirteen magnetic electron spectrome-
ters designed to measure the intensity, angular,
and energy distributions of the auroral elec-
trons and protons in the energy range below 50
keV. Two computer programs were developed
for reduction of the OV1-18 data. One program
computed the various plasma properties at one
second intervals as a function of Universal Time
and pitch angle; the other program produced
survey plots showing the outputs of the various
detectors on the satellite as a function of time
on a scale of approximately 100 seconds per
cm. The OV1-18 data exhibit the high degree of
variability associated with substorm controlled
phenomena.
N74-14754/7CP PC A04/MF A01
General Electric Co., Pittsfield, Mass.
Analysis and Calculation of Lightning-In-
duced Voltages in Aircraft Electrical Circuits
Final Report.
J. A. Plumer. Jan 74, 65p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
2349, SRD-72-066
Contract NAS3-1 4836
Descriptors: 'Aircraft equipment, 'Circuits,
'Electric equipment, *F-89 aircraft, 'Lightning,
'Transfer functions, Aircraft design, Computer
programs, Electrical properties. Numerical
analysis.
Identifiers: NASA.
Techniques to calculate the transfer functions
relating lightning-induced voltages in aircraft
electrical circuits to aircraft physical charac-
teristics and lightning current parameters are
discussed. The analytical work was carried out
concurrently with an experimental program of
measurements of lightning-induced voltages in
the electrical circuits of an F89-J aircraft. A
computer program, ETCAL, developed earlier
to calculate resistive and inductive transfer
functions is refined to account for skin effect,
53
providing results more valid over a wider range
of lightning waveshapes than formerly possible.
A computer program, WING, is derived to calcu-
late the resistive and inductive transfer func-
tions between a basic aircraft wing and a circuit
conductor inside it. Good agreement is ob-
tained between transfer inductances calculated
by WING and those reduced from measured
data by ETCAL. This computer program shows
promise of expansion to permit eventual calcu-
lation of potential lightning-induced voltages in
electrical circuits of complete aircraft in the
design stage. (Author)
N74-18336/9CP PC A02/MF A01
California Univ., Berkeley. Space Sciences Lab.
Energetic Particle Flux Experiment (Imp F and
G)
Final Report, 28 Jan. 1965 -30 Jun. 1971.
K. A. Anderson. Apr73, 13p Rept nos. NASA-
CR-132869, SSL-SER-14-ISSUE-19
Contract NAS5-9091
Descriptors: "Data reduction, 'Explorer 34
satellite, 'Explorer 41 satellite, 'Flux (Rate),
Bibliographies, Computer programs, Geiger
counters, Solar flares.
Identifiers: NASA.
The data reduction procedures and programs
for analysis of the IMP F and G energetic parti-
cle flux experiments are summarized. The IMP-
F experiment contained two thin-window
Geiger-Mueller detectors and an ionization
chamber. There were two IMP-G experiments:
one with six Geiger-Mueller detectors and an
ionization chamber, and the other with two fun-
nel mouthed channeltrons in a parallel plate
electrostatic analyzer. These experiments mea-
sured particles in the energy range above 20
keV (IMP-F) and above approximately 5 keV
(IMP-G). A bibliography is presented of papers
containing the scientific results. These data
were predominantly used for the study of low
energy solar particles from flares. (Author)
N74-19237/8CP PC A03/MF A01
Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais, Sao Jose dos
Campos (Brazil).
Brazilian Participation in the Exametnet.
Nov 72, 46p Rept no. INPE-254-LAFE
Subm-Sponsored by Exptl. Inter AM. Meteorol.
Rocket Network (Exametnet). Conf-Presented
at 8TH Ann Meeting of the Exptl. Inter AM.
Meteorol. Rocket Network (Exametnet): Mar
Del Plata, Argentina, Oct. - Nov. 1972.
Descriptors: 'Data processing, 'Meteorological
parameters, 'Sounding rockets. Computer pro-
grams, International cooperation. Meteorologi-
cal flight, Tables (Data).
Identifiers: NASA.
Data from the EXAMETNET Meteorological
Rocket Launchings at Barreira do Inferno, are
presented for the period June 1971 - September
1972. Eleven successful launchings are re-
ported, all of them for thermodynamic mea-
surements Two failures occurred in the period.
(Author)
N74-19836/7CP PC A04/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Md.
The Use of the Inner Zone Electron Model AE-
5 and Associated Computer Programs.
M.J Teague, and J. I. Vette. Nov 72, 75p Rept
nos NASA-TM-X-69988. NSSDC-72-11
Descriptors: 'Electrons, 'Inner radiation belt,
'User manuals (Computer programs), Com-
puter graphics, Mathematical logic, Satellite
observation
A users guide to the inner radiation zone elec-
tron model AE-5 is introduced. The guide
covers a description of the model, the forms in
which it is available, directions on how to use
the model, and a discussion of its limitations.
Computer programs MODEL and ORP are
described. These are major programs needed
to use the electron models AE-4 and AE-5 and
the smoothed proton models. (Author)
N74-20467/8CP PC A04/MF A01
California Univ., La Jolla.
Studies of the Structure of the Plasmasphere
as Seen by Radiosounder Measurements
Aboard the Alovetti-Satellite.
Final Technical Report.
P. M. Banks, and J. R. Doupnik. 13 Nov 73, 74p
Rept no. NASA-CR-137371
Contract NGR-05-009-180
Descriptors: 'Alouette satellites, 'Plasmapause,
'Radiosondes, Computer programs, Diurnal
variations, Electron density (Concentration),
Ionosphere.
The structure of the plasmasphere was studied
as seen by radiosounder measurements aboard
the Alovetti-2 satellite. Magnetic tape data files
were obtained from the NASA Ames Research
Center to give a reasonably complete set of
high latitude electron density profiles. Con-
siderable effort was expended to develop
models of ion flow in the topside ionosphere.
These models took both H(0) and O(0) into ac-
count and permitted various parameter studies
to be made of the various factors which affect
H(0) escape in polar wind flows. The results of
these studies are included. Extensive computer
programs were written to display the measured
electron density- profiles in ways useful to
geophysical analysis. The expected mid-
latitude trough was easily discernable in the
nightime ionosphere at locations expected
from similar observations of the plasmapause.
In the dayside ionosphere, however, it proved
extremely difficult to find any trough-like
phenomena. Using the previously developed
computer models, it was possible to study the
region where the plasmapause appeared to be
absent. It was found that over much of the
dayside, large fluxes were computed well inside
the plasmapause extending down to L-shells as
low as 2.5. (Author)
N74-20502/2CP PC A09/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Md.
The Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5.
M.J. Teague, and J. I. Vette. Nov 72, 200p Rept
nos. NASA-TM-X-69987, NSSDC-72-10
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Electrons,
'Flux (Rate), 'Inner radiation belt,
'Mathematical models, Explorer 26 satellite,
Graphs (Charts), Ogo-a, Ogo-3, Ov-3 satellites,
Solar cycles.
A description is given of the work performed in
the development of the inner radiation zone
electron model, AE-5. A complete description
of the omnidirectional flux model is given for
energy thresholds E sub T in the range 4.0 E
sub T/(MeV) 0.04 and for L values in the range
2.8 L 1.2 for an epoch of October 1967. Con-
fidence codes for certain regions of B-L space
and certain energies are given based on data
coverage and the assumptions made in the
analysis. The electron model programs that can
be supplied to a user are referred to. One of
these, a program for accessing the model flux
at arbitrary points in B-L space and arbitrary
energies, includes the latest outer zone elec-
tron model and proton model. The model AE-5,
is based on data from five satellites, OGO 1,
OGO 3, 1963-38C, OV3-3, and Explorer 26,
spanning the period December 1964 to
December 1967. (Author)
N74-22355/3CP PC A04/MF A01
California Univ., San Diego.
Behavior of Thermal Plasma in the Iono-
sphere and Magnetosphere.
Final Technical Report.
P. M. Banks, and J. R. Doupnik. 13 Nov 73, 74p
Rept no. NASA-C R-1 381 1 5
Contract NGR-05-009-180
Descriptors: 'Electron density (Concentration),
'Ionosphere, 'Thermal plasmas, Atmospheric
models, Computer programs, Display devices,
Ions, Magnetosphere, Polar regions. Wind
velocity.
Models of ion flow in the topside ionosphere
were developed. These models took both H(0)
and O(0) into account and permitted various
parameter studies to be made affecting H(0)
escape in polar winds. Extensive computer pro-
grams were written to display the measured
electron density profiles in ways useful to
geophysical analysis. The relationship between
the location of the plasmapause as it is found in
the equatorial plane and the location of the
ionospheric trough was also investigated.
N74-30053/4CP PC A09/MF A01
Environmental Research and Technology, Inc.,
Lexington, Mass.
Studies in the Use of Cloud Type Statistics in
Mission Simulation.
D.T. Chang, J. H. Willand, D. T. Chang, and J. L.
Cogan. Jul 74, 182p Rept no. NASA-CR-129030
Contract NAS8-28721
Descriptors: 'Clouds (Meteorology), 'Mission
planning, 'Statistical analysis, Atmospheric
models, Cloud cover, Computer programs,
Remote sensors.
A study to further improve NASA's global cloud
statistics for mission simulation is reported. Re-
gional homogeneity in cloud types was ex-
amined; most of the original region boundaries
defined for cloud cover amount in previous stu-
dies were supported by the statistics on cloud
types and the number of cloud layers. Condi-
tionality in cloud statistics was also examined
with special emphasis on temporal and spatial
dependencies, and cloud type interdepen-
dence. Temporal conditionality was found up to
12 hours, and spatial conditionality up to 200
miles; the diurnal cycle in convective cloudi-
ness was clearly evident. As expected, the joint
occurrence of different cloud types reflected
the dynamic processes which form the clouds.
Other phases of the study improved the cloud
type statistics for several region and proposed a
mission simulation scheme combining the 4-
dimensional atmospheric model, sponsored by
MSFC, with the global cloud model. (Author)
N74-32747/9CP PC A05/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Md.
An Experimental and Numerical Study of
Wave Motion and Upstream Influence in a
Stratified Fluid.
D. A. Hurdis. Aug 74, 90p Rept nos. NASA-TN-D-
7744.G-7440
Descriptors: 'Fluid mechanics, 'Stratified flow,
'Wave propagation. Computer programs,
Geophysics, Liquids, Upstream.
A system consisting of two superimposed
layers of liquid of different densities, with a thin
transition layer at the interface, provides a good
laboratory model of an ocean thermocline or of
an atmospheric inversion layer. This research
was to gain knowledge about the propagation
of disturbances within these two geophysical
systems. The technique used was to observe
the propagation of internal waves and of up-
stream influence within the density-gradient re-
gion between the two layers of liquid. The
54
disturbances created by the motion of a vertical
flat plate, which was moved longitudinally
through this region, were examined both ex-
perimentally and numerically. An upstream in-
fluence, which resulted from a balance of iner-
tial and gravitational forces, was observed, and
it was possible to predict the behavior of this in-
fluence with the numerical model. The predic-
tion included a description of the propagation
of the upstream influence to steadily increasing
distances from the flat plate and the shapes and
magnitudes of the velocity profiles. (Author)
N74-33021/8CP PC A06/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville,
Ala.
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Techni-
cal Description, Part 1.
C. G.Justus, A. W. Woodrum, R. G. Roper, and
O. E. Smith. Sep 74, 1 14p Rept no. NASA-TM-X-
64871
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models, 'Computer
programs, 'Meteorological parameters, At-
mospheric pressure, Atmospheric temperature,
Perturbation theory, Space shuttles, Spacecraft
trajectories, Wind (Meteorology).
An empirical atmospheric model was
developed which generates values for pressure,
density, temperature, and winds from surface
levels to orbital altitudes. The output parame-
ters consist of components for: (1 ) latitude, lon-
gitude, and altitude dependent monthly and an-
nual means; (2) quasi-biennial oscillations; and
(3) random perturbations to simulate partially
the variability due to synoptic, diurnal, planeta-
ry wave, and gravity wave variations. Quasi-
biennial and random variation perturbations
are computed from parameters determined
from various empirical studies and are added to
the monthly mean values. This model has been
developed as a computer program called
PROFILE which can be used to generate al-
titude profiles of atmospheric parameters along
any simulated trajectory through the at-
mosphere. The PROFILE program was
developed for design applications in the space
shuttle program. Other applications of the
model are discussed, such as forglobal circula-
tion and diffusion studies, and for generating
profiles for comparison with other atmospheric
measurement techniques, (e.g. satellite mea-
sured temperature profiles). (Author)
N74-33022/6CP PC A10/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville,
Ala.
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Users
Manual and Programmers Manual, Part 2.
C. G.Justus, A. W. Woodrum, R. G. Roper, and
O. E. Smith Sep 74, 213p Rept no. NASA-TM-X-
64872
Contract NAS8-29753
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models, "Computer
programs, 'Meteorological parameters. At-
mospheric pressure. Atmospheric temperature,
Perturbation theory, Space shuttles, Spacecraft
trajectories. Wind (Meteorology).
For abstract, see N74-33021 .
N75-12531/0CP PC A07/MF A01
Texas A&M Univ., College Station. Center for
Applied Geosciences.
Reduction and Error Analysis of the AVE 2
Pilot Experiment Data.
H. E. Fuelberg. Oct 74, 142p Rept no. NASA-CR-
120496
Contract NAS8-26751
Descriptors: 'Atmospherics, 'Computer pro-
grams, 'Data reduction, "Error analysis,
"Experimental design, 'Meteorological parame-
ters, 'Rawinsondes, Atmospheric circulation,
Calibrating, Flow charts, Humidity, Meteorolog-
ical services, Wind direction.
The reduction techniques used to process data
from the pilot experiment of the second NASA
atmospheric variability experiment (AVE IIP),
which was conducted during a 24 hour period
beginning at 1200 GMT on May 11, 1974, and
ending at 1200 GMT on May 12, 1974 are
described. Each step of the data handling
process is described through the presentation
of computer flow charts, programs, equations,
and narrative. An error analysis of the final out-
put is presented, and results of the AVE IIP
reduction process are compared with results
from the National Weather Service. The AVE IIP
sounding data contain more detail than Na-
tional Weather Service data, but the two data
sets may be used together without difficulty.
(Author)
N75-24526/6CP PC A12/MF A01
McDonnell-Douglas Astronautics Co., Hunting-
ton Beach, Calif.
Zero-Gravity Atmospheric Cloud Physics Ex-
periment Laboratory; Programmatics Report.
Sep 74, 266p Rept nos. NASA-CR-120725,
MDC-G5456
Contract NAS8-30272
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric physics, 'Cloud
physics, 'Weightlessness, Computer programs,
Costs, Research and development, Technology
transfer.
The programmatics effort included comprehen-
sive analyses in four major areas: (1) work
breakdown structure, (2) schedules, (3) costs,
and (4) supporting research and technology.
These analyses are discussed in detail in the
following sections which identify and define the
laboratory project development schedule, cost
estimates, funding distributions and supporting
research and technology requirements. All pro-
grammatics analyses are correlated among
themselves and with the technical analyses by
means of the work breakdown structure which
serves as a common framework for program
definition. In addition, the programmatic
analyses reflect the results of analyses and
plans for reliability, safety, test, and main-
tenance and refurbishment. (Author)
N75-28749/0CP PC A03/MF A01
Environmental Research and Technology, Inc.,
Concord, Mass.
Computer Program Compatible with a Laser
Nephelometer.
Final Report, 20 May 1974 - 20 May 1975.
R. M. Paroskie, H. H. Blau, Jr, and J. C. Hi Blinn.
Jun 75, 29p Rept nos. NASA-CR-143816, ERT-
P-821
Contract NAS5-20496
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Data
processing, 'Lasers, 'Nephelometers, Clouds
(Meteorology), Particle size distribution. Real
time operation, Water.
The laser nephelometer data system was up-
dated to provide magnetic tape recording of
data, and real time or near real time processing
of data to provide particle size distribution and
liquid water content. Digital circuits were pro-
vided to interface the laser nephelometer to a
Data General Nova 1200 minicomputer. Com-
munications are via a teletypewriter. A dual Line
Magnetic Tape System is used for program
storage and data recording. Operational pro-
grams utilize the Data General Real-Time
Operating System (RTOS) and the ERT AIRMAP
Real-Time Operating System (ARTS). The pro-
grams provide for acquiring data from the laser
nephelometer, acquiring data from auxiliary
sources, keeping time, performing real time
calculations, recording data and communicat-
ing with the teletypewriter. (Author)
N75-29531/1CP PC A07/MF A01
Martin Marietta Corp., Baltimore, Md.
Ground Truth Data for Test Sites (SI-3).
29 Mar 74, 142p Rept nos. NASA-CR-14191 1 ,
MSC-05537
Contract NAS8-24000
Descriptors: 'Brightness temperature, 'Ground
truth, "Skylab 3, 'Solar radiation, 'Thermal
radiation, Calibrating, Computer programs,
Erep, Radiative transfer, Remote sensors,
Spectrum analysis.
Field measurements performed simultaneously
with Skylab overpasses in order to provide
comparative calibration and performance
evaluation measurements for the EREP sensors
are presented. The solar radiation region from
400 to 1300 nanometers and the thermal radia-
tion region from 8 to 14 micrometer region were
investigated. The measurements of direct solar
radiation were analyzed for atmospheric optical
depth; the total and reflected solar radiation
were analyzed for target reflectifity. These
analyses were used in conjunction with a radia-
tive transfer computer program in order to cal-
culate the amount and spectral distribution of
solar radiation at the apertures of the EREP
sensors. The instrumentation and techniques
employed, calibrations and analyses per-
formed, and results obtained are discussed.
(Author)
N75-29602/0CP PC A09/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center,
Houston, Tex.
Atmospheric Transmission Computer Pro-
gram Cp.
D. E. Pitts, T. L. Barnett, C. L. Korb, W. Hanby,
and A. E. Dillinger. Dec 74, 187p Rept nos.
NASA-TM-X-581 37, JSC-09063
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric attenuation,
'Computer programs, Atmospheric models,
Carbon dioxide, Methane, Nitrous oxides.
Ozone, Radiosondes, Remote sensors, Water
vapor.
A computer program is described which allows
for calculation of the effects of carbon dioxide,
water vapor, methane, ozone, carbon monox-
ide, and nitrous oxide on earth resources
remote sensing techniques. A flow chart of the
program and operating instructions are pro-
vided. Comparisons are made between the at-
mospheric transmission obtained from labora-
tory and spacecraft spectrometer data and that
obtained from a computer prediction using a
model atmosphere and radiosonde data.
Limitations of the model atmosphere are
discussed. The computer program listings,
input card formats, and sample runs for both
radiosonde data and laboratory data are in-
cluded. (Author)
N76-11736/5CP PC A08/MF A01
TRW Systems Group, Redondo Beach, Calif.
Space Sciences Dept.
Amps Data Management Requirements
Study.
Final Report.
30 Jun 75, 156p Rept nos NASA-CR-143995,
TRW-26487-6008-RU-00
Contract NAS8-3 1208
Descriptors: "Computerized simulation, "Data
management, "Display devices,
"Experimentation, 'Ionosphere, 'User manuals
(Computer programs), Data systems, Elec-
tromagnetic wave transmission, Ionospheric
composition, Ionospheric sounding, Plasmas
(Physics), Remote sensors.
A data simulation is presented for instruments
and associated control and display functions
required to perform controlled active experi-
ments of the atmosphere. A comprehensive
55
user's guide is given for the data requirements
and software developed for the following ex-
periments: (1) electromagnetic wave transmis-
sion; (2) passive observation of ambient
plasmas; (3) ionospheric measurements with a
subsatellite; (4) electron accelerator beam mea-
surements; and (5) measuremnt of acoustic
gravity waves in the sodium layer using lasers.
A complete description of each experiment is
given. (Author)
N76-12912/1CP PC A04/MF A01
European Southern Observatory, Hamburg
(West Germany).
Eso Bulletin No. 12.
Jun75,60p
Descriptors; 'Astronomical spectroscopy,
'Computer programs, 'Microdensitometers,
'Zeeman effect. Astronomical observatories,
Chile, Comparators, Europe, Hewlett-packard
computers, Photometers, Radial velocity.
Southern hemisphere, Spectrograms, Stellar
spectra.
A Grant comparator microdensitometer used in
connection with an HP 2100 computer for data
acquisition and programs for Zeeman spec-
troscopy data reduction and radial velocity
measurements data reduction are described. A
program used for data acquisition in the HP
2114B computer in connection with the ESO
photometer is also discussed. Prismatic spec-
trograms of southern MK stars are presented.
(Author)
N76-13663/9CP PC A05/MF A01
Old Dominion Univ. Research Foundation, Nor-
folk, Va. School of Engineering.
Evaluation of Upwelling Infrared Radiance
from Earth's Atmosphere.
S. K. Gupta, and S. N. Tiwari. Nov 75, 80p Rept
nos. NASA-CR-145711.TR-75-T14
Grant NSG-1 153
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric radiation, 'Infrared
radiation, Atmospheric composition, At-
mospheric models, Computer programs, Equa-
tions, Pollution monitoring, Radiance, Trans-
mittance.
Basic equations for calculating the upwelling
atmospheric radiation are presented which ac-
count for various sources of radiation coming
out at the top of the atmosphere. The theoreti-
cal formulation of the transmittance models
(line-by-line and quasi-random band model)
and the computational procedures used for the
evaluation of the transmittance and radiance
are discussed in detail. By employing the
Lorentz line-by-line and quasi-random com-
puter programs, model calculations were made
to determine the upwelling radiance and signal
change in the wave number interval of CO fun-
damental band. These results are useful in
determining the effects of different interfering
molecules, water vapor profiles, ground tem-
peratures, and ground emittances on the up-
welling radiance and signal change. This infor-
mation is of vital importance in establishing the
feasibility of measuring the concentrations of
pollutants in the atmosphere from a gas filter
correlation instrument flown on an aircraft or
mounted on a satellite. (Author)
N76-13673/8CP PC A04/MF A01
Denver Univ., Colo Dept. of Physics and As-
tronomy.
Measurements of Trace Constituents from At-
mospheric Infrared Emission and Absorption
Spectra, a Feasibility Study.
Final Report.
A. Goldman, W.J. Williams, and D. G. Murcray.
Sep 74, 67p Rept no. NASA-CR-137762
Contract NAS2-8200
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric composition, 'Gas
analysis, 'Infrared spectroscopy, Absorption
spectra, Atmospheric models, Computer pro-
grams, Emission spectra, Feasibility analysis.
Hydrochloric acid, Hydrofluoric acid, Methane,
Nitrogen compounds. Sulfur dioxides.
The feasibility of detecting eight trace con-
stituents (CH4, HCI, HF, HN03, NH3, NO, N02
and S02) against the rest of the atmospheric
background at various altitudes from infrared
emission and absorption atmospheric spectra
was studied. Line-by-line calculations and ob-
servational data were used to establish features
that can be observed in the atmospheric spec-
trum due to each trace constituent. Model cal-
culations were made for experimental condi-
tions which approximately represent state of
the art emission and absorption spectrometers.
(Author)
N76-13702/5CP PC A05/MF A01
Calspan Corp., Buffalo, N.Y.
Project Fog Drops 5. Task 1: A Numerical
Model of Advection Fog. Task 2: Recommen-
dations for Simplified Individual Zero-Gravity
Cloud Physics Experiments.
C. W. Rogers, W. J. Eadie, U. Katz, and W. C.
Kocmond. Dec 75, 80p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
2633, M156
Contract NAS8-30776
Descriptors: 'Cloud physics, 'Fog, Advection,
Atmospheric models. Computer programs,
Marine meteorology. Weather modification,
Weightlessness.
A two-dimensional numerical model was used
to investigate the formation of marine advec-
tion fog. The model predicts the evolution of
potential temperature, horizontal wind, water
vapor content, and liquid water content in a ver-
tical cross section of the atmosphere as deter-
mined by vertical turbulent transfer and
horizontal advection, as well as radiative cool-
ing and drop sedimentation. The model is
designed to simulate the formation, develop-
ment, or dissipation of advection fog in
response to transfer of heat and moisture
between the atmosphere and the surface as
driven by advection over horizontal discontinui-
ties in the surface temperature. Results from
numerical simulations of advection fog forma-
tion are discussed with reference to observa-
tions of marine fog. A survey of candidate fog or
cloud microphysics experiments which might
be performed in the low gravity environment of
a shuttle-type spacecraft in presented. Recom-
mendations are given for relatively simple ex-
periments which are relevent to fog modifica-
tion problems. (Author)
N76-14336/1CP PC A03/MF A01
Research Inst, of National Defence, Stockholm
(Sweden).
Computed Mie Scattering Properties for
Laser Wavelengths in Various Atmospheric
Media.
O. Steinvall. Mar 74, 41p Rept no. FOA-2-C-
2662-E1-E3
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models, 'Laser out-
puts, *Mie scattering, Wave scattering,
Aerosols, Backscattering, Computer programs.
Fog, Particle size distribution, Wavelengths.
Identifiers: Laser beams, 'Atmospheric trans-
missivity, Atmospheric attenuation clouds, In-
frared radiation.
Computer calculations of the Mie scattering
properties of some haze, fog, cloud and smoke
models were made for six laser wavelengths
from 0.337 to 10.6 microns. For each
wavelength the volume backscattering function
and the total extinction and scattering coeffi-
cients are given. The angular volume scattering
for some wavelengths is also presented.
(Author)
N76-15717/1CP PC A07/MF A01
Bonn Univ. (West Germany). Inst, fuer As-
trophysik und Extraterrestrische Forschung.
Determination of Altitude Dependence of the
Exospheric Rotation Above 350 Km Bestim-
mung der Hoehenabhaengigkeit der Ex-
osphaerischen Rotation Oberhalb 350 Km.
K. G. H. Schuchardt. Jun 75, 132p Rept no.
BMFT-FB-W-75-11
Contract WRK-253, GFW-RV-I-1-B-8/73-SE-11
In German; English Summary.
Descriptors: 'Earth rotation, 'Exosphere,
'Satellite orientation, 'Satellite perturbation,
'Wind effects, Computer programs, Explorer 24
satellite. Least squares method, Radiation pres-
sure, Satellite orbits.
The theory of determining mean thermospheric
zonal winds above 150 km by analysis of the
inclination change of satellites is discussed.
The decrease of upper-atmospheric rotation
rate from 1.4 times the earth's angular velocity
at a height of 375 km to 0.7 at 500 km, from the
analysis of only three satellite orbits, was
derived without eliminating the effects of solar
radiation pressure. These satellites do not allow
the exact computation of radiation pressure ef-
fects due to their irregular shape. Therefore the
orbit of the balloon satellite Explorer 24 (1964-
76A) has been thoroughly analyzed at perigee
heights between 480 and 600 km and during
various time intervals. A computer program was
developed forthis purpose, which directly com-
putes the zonal wind magnitude with regard to
all significant perturbations usinq the method
of least squares. The parts of the program
which compute the radiation pressure effects
have previously been tested with the aid of the
orbit of the balloon satellite Dash 2 (1963-30D).
The results from Explorer 24 could be changed
by altering the investigated time intervals. Al-
together they indicate a corotation of the at-
mosphere and the earth at heights of 550 to 600
km. A local time dependence of zonal winds in
this height region could not be detected.
(Author)
N76-17658/5CP PC A14/MF A01
Cramer (HE.) Co., Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah.
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and
Computer Programs, Version 5.
R. K. Dumbauld, and J. R. Bjorklund. Dec 75,
322p Rept nos. NASA-CR-2631, M155
Contract NAS8-29033
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric diffusion,
'Atmospheric models, 'Computer programs, Al-
gorithms, Prediction analysis techniques,
Rocket exhaust, Transport properties.
The transport and diffusion models and al-
gorithms developed for use by NASA in predict-
ing concentrations and dosages downwind
from normal and abnormal launches of rocket
vehicles are described along with the as-
sociated computer programs for use in per-
forming the calculations. Topics discussed in-
clude: the mathematical specifications and
procedures used in the Preprocessor Program
to calculate rocket exhaust cloud rise, cloud
dimensions, and other input parameters to the
transport and diffusion models; the revised
mathematical specifications for the Multilayer
Diffusion Models; users' instructions for imple-
menting the Preprocessor and Multilayer Diffu-
sion Models Programs; and worked example
problems illustrating the use of the models and
computer programs. (Author)
N76-17683/3CP PC A02/MF A01
Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, Va.
Investigation of Aerosol Characteristics and
Their Measurement.
Final Report, 15 Aug. 1974- 15 Aug. 1975.
A. Deepak. Mar 76, 8p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
146398, PGSTR-AP76-23
Grant NSG-1090
56
Descriptors: "Aerosols, 'Computer programs,
'Measuring instruments, 'Particle size distribu-
tion, Auroras, Mie scattering, Photographic
measurement, Video equipment.
Various techniques for the measurement of
aerosol properties are described. Methods con-
sidered include: solar aureole photographic
technique; densitometric techniques; and
video electronic isodensity mapper. Other top-
ics briefly discussed include: multiple scatter-
ing experiment; multiple scattering computer
program; the generation of the Mie theory
results; and the NASA/OAST technology
workshop.
N76-19598/1CP PC A05/MF A01
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Inst., De Bilt.
Manual for the Computer Program of the
Gaussian Plume Model Handleiding voor Het
Ccmputerprogramma van Het Gaussische
Pluimmodel.
E. H. J. Vermaas, and F. T. M. Nieuwstadt. 1975,
80p Rept no. KNMI-WR-75-7
In Dutch; English Summary.
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Computer pro-
grams, 'Meteorological parameters, Normal
density functions, Algol, Concentration
(Composition), Dispersing, Input, Netherlands,
Output.
Identifiers: 'Gaussian plume models,
'Atmospheric diffusion.
The Gaussian plume model, which simulates
the dispersion of air pollution, for the calcula-
tion of long term averaged concentrations from
point and area sources is discussed. The equa-
tions of the Gaussian plume model are given.
The structure of the computer program is
discussed. The input of the program is dealt
with, several examples given, and the values of
different input parameters discussed. The out-
put of the program, together with some exam-
ples, is also discussed. The complete listing of
the program, in ALGOL 60, is given.
N76-20180/5CP PC A03/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Langley Research Center, Langley Station,
Va.
The Production of Nitric Oxide in the Tropo-
sphere as a Result of Solid-Rocket-Motor Af-
terburning.
R. B. Stewart, and R. I. Gomberg. Mar 76, 45p
Rept nos. NASA-TN-D-8137, L-10594
Descriptors: 'Afterburning, 'Nitric oxide, 'Solid
propellant rocket engines, 'Troposphere,
Booster rocket engines, Chemical reactions,
Computer programs, Exhaust gases, Space
shuttles, Turbulent mixing.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric chemistry. Air pollu-
tion.
As part of an ongoing assessment of the en-
vironmental effects of solid-rocket-motor
operations in the troposphere, estimates were
made of the nitric oxide produced in the tropo-
sphere by the space shuttle and Titan 3-C
boosters. Calculations were made with the low-
altitude plume computer program and included
the effects of coupled finite-rate chemistry and
turbulent mixing. A recent measurement of
nitric oxide taken in the effluent cloud of a Titan
3-C booster is compared with calculations
made with this computer code. The various
chemical reactions of the exhaust gases are
listed in tabular form. (Author)
N76-20699/4CP PC A04/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville,
Ala
Diffusion Algorithms and Data Reduction
Routine for Onsite Real-Time Launch Predic-
tions for the Transport of delta-Thor Exhaust
Effluents.
J. B. Stephens. Mar 76, 75p Rept no. NASA-TN-
D-8194
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric diffusion,
'Computer programs, "Delta launch vehicle,
'Exhaust gases, 'Air pollution, Algorithms,
Launching sites, Pollution monitoring, Predic-
tion analysis techniques, Real time operation.
Identifiers: Mathematical models.
The National Aeronautics and Space Adminis-
tration/Marshall Space Flight Center multilayer
diffusion algorithms have been specialized for
the prediction of the surface impact for the
dispersive transport of the exhaust effluents
from the launch of a Delta-Thor vehicle. This
specialization permits these transport predic-
tions to be made at the launch range in real
time so that the effluent monitoring teams can
optimize their monitoring grids. Basically, the
data reduction routine requires only the
meteorology profiles for the thermodynamics
and kinematics of the atmosphere as an input.
These profiles are graphed along with the
resulting exhaust cloud rise history, the center-
line concentrations and dosages, and the
hydrogen chloride isopleths. (Author)
N76-22637/2CP PC A03/MF A01
Old Dominion Univ. Research Foundation, Nor-
folk, Va.
Retrieval of Surface Temperature by Remote
Sensing.
S. K. Gupta, and S. N. Tiwari. Apr 76, 42p Rept
nos. NASA-CR-147145, TR-76-1T8
Grant NSG-1 153
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Brightness tem-
perature, 'Earth surface, 'Remote sensors,
'Temperature measurement, Atmospheric ef-
fects, Carbon monoxide. Computer programs,
Infrared radiation, Printouts, Radiometers,
Spectral emission, Spectrometers.
A simple procedure and computer program
were developed for retrieving the surface tem-
perature from the measurement of upwelling
infrared radiance in a single spectral region in
the atmosphere. The program evaluates the
total upwelling radiance at any altitude in the
region of the CO fundamental band (2070-2220
1/cm) for several values of surface temperature.
Actual surface temperature is inferred by inter-
polation of the measured upwelling radiance
between the computed values of radiance for
the same altitude. Sensitivity calculations were
made to determine the effect of uncertainty in
various surface, atmospheric and experimental
parameters on the inferred value of surface
temperature. It is found that the uncertainties in
water vapor concentration and surface
emittance are the most important factors affect-
ing the accuracy of the inferred value of surface
temperature. (Author)
N76-22643/0CP PC A07/MF A01
Kansas Univ Center for Research, Inc.,
Lawrence. Remote Sensing Lab.
Aafe Rad&cai Data Reduction Programs
User's Guide.
J. P. Claassen. 1976, 146p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
144992, CRES-TR-186-9
Contract NASI -10048
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Data reduc-
tion, 'Remote sensors, 'User manuals
(Computer programs), Earth resources,
Radiometers, Scatterometers.
Theory, design and operation of the computer
programs which automate the reduction of joint
radiometer and scatterometer observations are
presented. The programs raduce scatterometer
measurements to the normalized scattering
coefficient; whereas the radiometer measure-
ments are converted into antenna tempera-
tures. The programs are both investigator and
user oriented. Supplementary parameters are
provided to aid in the interpretation of the ob-
servations. A hierarchy of diagnostics is availa-
ble to evaluate the operation of the instrument,
the conduct of the experiments and the quality
of the records. General descriptions of the pro-
grams and their data products are also
presented. This document therefore serves as a
user's guide to the programs and is therefore
intended to serve both the experimenter and
the program operator. (Author)
N76-24681/8CP PC A02/MF A01
Old Dominion Univ., Norfolk, Va. Dept. of
Physics and Geophysical Sciences.
Use of Lars System for the Quantitative
Determination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffu-
sion Coefficients from ERTS Images of Vir-
ginia.
R. N. Blais, G. E. Copeland, and T. H. Lerner.
1975, 13p Rept no. NASA-CR-148137
Contract NGL-47-003-067
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Landsat 1,
"Pollution monitoring, "Fremote sensors,
"Smoke, "Virginia, Chimneys, Computer pro-
grams. Electric power plants, Industrial wastes,
Mathematical models, Wind (Meteorology).
Identifiers: "Gaussian plume models, "Air pollu-
tion detection, Scientific satellites, Plumes,
Spaceborne photography, Chester(Virginia).
A technique for measuring smoke plume of
large industrial sources observed by satellite
using LARSYS is proposed. A Gaussian plume
model is described, integrated in the vertical,
and inverted to yield a form for the lateral diffu-
sion coefficient, Ky. Given u, wind speed; y sub
I, the horizontal distance of a line of constant
brightness from the plume symmetry axis a
distance x sub I, downstream from reference
point at xOx sub 2, yOO, then K sub y 0 u ((y sub
1) to the 2nd power)/2 x sub 1 1n (x sub 2/x sub
1). The technique is applied to a plume from a
power plant at Chester, Virginia, imaged August
31, 1973 by LANDSAT I. The plume bends
slightly to the left 4.3 km from the source and
estimates yield Ky of 28 sq m/sec near the
source, and 19 sq m/sec beyond the bend. Max-
imum ground concentrations are estimated
between 32 and 64 ug/cu m. Existing
meteorological data would not explain such
concentrations. (Author)
N76-24798/0CP PC A04/MF A01
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Iono-
sphere Research Lab.
F sub 2 Peak Electron Densities in the Main
Trough Region of the Ionosphere.
B. W. Halcrow. May 76, 57p Rept nos. NASA-
CR-147153, PSU-IRL-IR-55
Contract NGL-39-009-003
Descriptors: *F 2 region, 'Ionospheric electron
density, Alouette 1 satellite, Alouette 2 satellite,
Atmospheric models, Computer programs,
Ionospheric propagation, Troughs.
A study of the main trough in the F2 region was
made using observations from Alouette I and II.
Parameters needed to predict the occurrence
of the trough were determined from the many
observations. These parameters were used to
develop a modification factor for use with
C.E.I.R. model of predicted MmF2. This modifi-
cation factor reduced the C.E.I.R. model pre-
dicted NmF2 to more representative values of
MmF2 in the main trough region. (Author)
N76-24843/4CP Not available NTIS
Kernforschungszentrum, Karlsruhe (West Ger-
many).
Meteorological Data Acquisition System.
Functional Description and General Charac-
teristics of the Different Components.
S. Bouharrour, and P. Thomas. Jul 75, 157p
Reptno.KFK-2181
57
Language in German.
Descriptors'. 'Meteorological instruments,
'Weather data recorders, Computer programs,
Computers, Data acquisition. Data reduction,
Ground wind, Maintenance, Meteorological
parameters, On-line programming.
Identifiers: West Germany.
The 200 m meteorological tower of the Karl-
sruhe Nuclear Research Center was equipped
with 45 instruments measuring the meteorolog-
ical parameters near the ground level. Frequent
inquiry of the instruments implies data acquisi-
tion with on-line data reduction. This task is ful-
filled by some peripheral units controlled by a
PDP-8/1. This report presents details of the
hardware configuration and a short description
of the software configuration of the
meteorological data acquisition system. The re-
port also serves as an instruction for main-
tenance and repair work to be carried out at the
system. (Author)
N76-25712/0CP PC A03/MF A01
Pennsylvania State Univ., University Park. Iono-
sphere Research Lab.
Ionosphere Research.
Semiannual Status Report, 1 Oct. 1975-31 Mar.
1976.
31 Mar 76, 38p Rept nos. NASA-CR-148200,
PSU-IRL-SAR-76/1
Contract NGL-39-009-003
Descriptors: 'Ionospheric composition,
'Ionospheric propagation, Atmospheric
chemistry, Computer programs, D region, E re-
gion, F region, Mass spectrometers. Planetary
atmospheres.
A report is presented on on-going research pro-
jects in ionospheric studies. The topics
discussed are planetary atmospheres, E and F
region, D region, mass spectrometer measure-
ments, direct measurements and atmospheric
reactions.
N76-27745/8CP PC A06/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center,
Houston, Tex.
Cubic Spline Function Interpolation in At-
mosphere Models for the Software Develop-
ment Laboratory: Formulation and Data.
J.C. Kirkpatrick. May 76, 125p Rept nos. NASA-
TM-X-58183, JSC-08964
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models,
"Interpolation, 'Spline functions, Acoustic
velocity, Atmospheric pressure, Computer pro-
grams, Density (Mass/volume), Fortran, Tables
(Data), Viscosity.
Identifiers: Cubic spline technique.
A tabulation of selected altitude-correlated
values of pressure, density, speed of sound,
and coefficient of viscosity for each of six
models of the atmosphere is presented in block
data format. Interpolation for the desired at-
mospheric parameters is performed by using
cubic spline functions The recursive relations
necessary to compute the cubic spline function
coefficients are derived and implemented in
subroutine form. Three companion subpro-
grams, which form the preprocessor and
processor, are also presented. These subpro-
grams, together with the data element, com-
pose the spline fit atmosphere package.
Detailed FLOWGM flow charts and FORTRAN
listings of the atmosphere package are
presented in the appendix. (Author)
N76-27748/2CP PC A07/MF A01
Alabama Univ., Huntsville. School of Graduate
Studies and Research.
Environmental Dynamics at Orbital Altitudes.
Final Technical Report.
G. R. Karr. Jun 76, 146p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
149932, UAH-RR-186
Contract NAS8-28248
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric density, 'Satellite
drag, 'Upper atmosphere, Aerodynamics, At-
mospheric models. Computer programs,
Falling spheres, Gas flow, Satellite orbits, Wind
(Meteorology).
The influence of real satellite aerodynamics on
the determination of upper atmospheric density
was investigated. A method of analysis of satel-
lite drag data is presented which includes the
effect of satellite lift and the variation in
aerodynamic properties around the orbit. The
studies indicate that satellite lift may be respon-
sible for the observed orbit precession rather
than a super rotation of the upper atmosphere.
The influence of simplifying assumptions con-
cerning the aerodynamics of objects in falling
sphere analysis were evaluated and an im-
proved method of analysis was developed.
Wind tunnel data was used to develop more ac-
curate drag coefficient relationships for study-
ing altitudes between 80 and 120 Km. The im-
proved drag coefficient relationships revealed a
considerable error in previous falling sphere
drag interpretation. These data were reanalyzed
using the more accurate relationships.
Theoretical investigations of the drag coeffi-
cient in the very low speed ratio region were
also conducted. (Author)
PC A05/MF A01
RVO-TNO, The Hague
N76-31809/6CP
Physics Lab.
(Netherlands).
Solumat: A Programme for Measuring the In-
fluence of the Atmosphere on Contrast
Transfer.
A. A. Vanmeeteren, and J. Vanschie. Dec 75,
86p Rept nos. PHL-1975-46, TDCK-67163
Contract A72/KL/027
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric effects, 'Image con-
trast, 'Light transmission, 'Luminance, 'Optical
data processing, Computer programming,
Daytime, Statistical analysis, Tables (Data).
Identifiers: SOLUMAT computer program,
Netherlands, Atmospheric transmissivity.
The results of the SOLUMAT (Statistical in-
vestigation of the Luminance of the At-
mosphere) program for measuring contrast
decrease in the atmosphere are presented. For
the past 3.5 years an automated observatory
has performed measurements (by day only) of
contrast decrease and related variables. Data
were handled and interpreted by a computer.
Distributions of many variables are presented in
tabular form. In addition a few special treat-
ments of the data are discussed. (Author)
N76-33273/3CP PC A13/MF A01
TRW Systems Group, Redondo Beach, Calif.
Phase B-Final Definition and Preliminary
Design Study for the Initial Atmospheric
Cloud Physics Laboratory (Acpl). A Spacelab
Mission Payload.
Interim Report.
23 Sep 76, 289p Rept no. NASA-CR-150017
Contract NAS8-31844
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric cloud physics lab
(Spacelab), 'Cloud physics, 'Spacelab,
Aerosols, Computer programs, Optical equip-
ment, Radiography, Systems engineering. Test
chambers.
Progress in the development of the Atmospher-
ic Cloud Physics Laboratory is outlined. The
fluid subsystem, aerosol generator, expansion
chamber, optical system, control systems, and
software are included.
N77-15056/3CP PC A03/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
User Guide to a Command and Control
System; a Part of a Prelaunch Wind Monitor-
ing Program.
G. R. Cowgill. Nov 76, 29p Rept nos. NASA-TM-
X-73558, E-8999
Descriptors: 'Command and control,
'Computer systems programs, 'User manuals
(Computer programs), 'Wind (Meteorology),
Computer programs, Meteorological balloons,
Microprocessors, Univac 1100 series compu-
ters.
A set of programs called Command and Control
System (CCS), intended as a user manual, is
described for the operation of CCS by the per-
sonnel supporting the wind monitoring portion
of the launch mission. Wind data obtained by
tracking balloons is sent by electronic means
using telephone lines to other locations. Steer-
ing commands are computed from a system
called ADDJUST for the on-board computer
and relays this data. Data are received and au-
tomatically stored in a microprocessor, then via
a real time program transferred to the UNIVAC
1100/40 computer. At this point the data is
available to be used by the Command and Con-
trol system.
N77-18983/5CP PC A09/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Md.
Ap-8 Trapped Proton Environment for Solar
Maximum and Solar Minimum.
D. M.Sawyer, and J.I. Vette. Dec 76, 176 Rept
nos. NASA-TM-X-72605, NSSDC/WDC-A-R/S-
76-06
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Proton flux
density, 'Solar flux, 'Solar protons, 'Trapped
particles, Periodic variations, Azur satellite.
Data systems, Magnetic fields, Ov-3 satellites,
Solar cycles.
Data sets from Ov-3 and Azur indicate a need
for improvement in models of the stably
trapped proton flux with energies between 0.1
and 400 MeV. Two computer accessible models
are described: AP8MAX and AP8MIN. The
models are presented in the form of nomo-
graphs, B-L plots, R-lambda plots, and equa-
torial radial profiles. Nomographs of the orbit-
integrated fluxes are also discussed. The
models are compared with each other, with the
data, and with previous AP models. Require-
ments for future improvements include more
complete data coverage and periodic com-
parisons with new data sets as they become
available. The machine-sensible format in
which the models are available are described.
N77-19710/1CP PC A05/MF A01
Techno-Sciences, Inc., Annapolis, Md.
Reduction and Analysis of Data Collected
During the Electromagnetic Tornado Experi-
ment.
Final Report, Jul. 1975- Jun. 1976.
L. D. Davisson. Jul 76, 91 p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
152455, TSI-761 12
Contract NAS5-22489
Descriptors: 'Computer programs,
'Electromagnetic fields, 'Tornadoes, Data
reduction, Ocean surface, Digital simulation,
Meteorological radar, Monte carlo method.
Pulsed radiation, Radar signatures.
Identifiers: 'Sea states.
Techniques for data processing and analysis
are described to support tornado detection by
analysis of radio frequency interference in vari-
ous frequency bands, and sea state determina-
tion from short pulse radar measurements. Ac-
tivities include: strip chart recording of tornado
data; the development and implementation of
computer programs for digitalization and anal-
ysis of the data; data reduction techniques for
58
short pulse radar data, and the simulation of
radar returns from the sea surface by computer
models.
N77-19715/0CP PC A09/MF A01
Science Applications, Inc., Huntsville, Ala.
Determination of Constant-Volume Balloon
Capabilities for Aeronautical Research.
F. B.Tatom, and R. L. King. Mar 77, 186p Rept
nos. NASA-CR-2805, M-208
Contract NAS8-31 173
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models, 'Flow mea-
surement, 'Meteorological balloons, 'Wind
velocity measurement, Computer programs,
Equations of motion, Flow distribution, Three
dimensional flow.
Identifiers: BALLOON computer program.
The proper application and interpretation of
constant-volume balloons (CVB) for measure-
ment of atmospheric phenomena was deter-
mined. A literature survey covering 176
references is included, the governing equations
describing the three-dimensional motion of a
CVB immersed in a flow field are developed.
The flowfield model is periodic, three-dimen-
sional, and nonhomogeneous, with mean trans-
lational motion. The balloon motion and flow
field equations are cast into dimensionless
form for greater generality, and certain signifi-
cant dimensionless groups are identified. An al-
ternate treatment of the balloon motion, based
on first-order perturbation analysis, is also
presented. A description of the digital computer
program, BALLOON, used for numerically in-
tegrating the governing equations is provided.
N77-20629/0CP PC A04/MF A01
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Inst., De Bilt.
Manual for the Gaussian Plume Model Com-
puter Program Handleiding voor Het Compu-
terprogramma van Het Gaussische Pluim-
model.
P. A. T. Nieuwendijk, C. A. Engeldal, and F. T. M.
Nieuwstadt. 1976, 73p Rept no. KNMI-WR-76-16
In Dutch; English Summary.
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Computer pro-
grams, Gauss equation, Normal density func-
tions, Plumes, Algol, Dispersing, User manuals
(Computer programs).
Identifiers: Netherlands, 'Gaussian plume
model, Computerized simulation.
The Gaussian plume model, which simulates
the dispersion of air pollution, and the input
parameters of the model are discussed. A
manual to operate the program is presented.
The equations of the model are given, together
with the values of the recommended input
parameters. The structure of the program is
described; the input is discussed in general
form. Also, an input model is given together
with three input examples. The output of the ex-
amples is discussed, and a listing of the pro-
gram is given. The manual, which replaces the
old version by Vermaas, 1 975, facilitates the use
of the computer program. Useful advice for fu-
ture users of the long term model is annexed.
N77-20659/7CP PC A07/MF A01
Drexel Univ., Philadelphia, Pa. Dept. of Physics
and Atmospheric Science
Techniques for Computing Regional Radiant
Emittances of the Earth-Atmosphere System
from Observations by Wide-Angle Satellite
Radiometers, Phase 3.
Final Report, 1 Jan. - 31 Dec. 1974
J. F. Pina, and F. B. House. Aug 75, 126p Rept
no. NASA-CR-145011
Contract NAS1-1 1871
Descriptors: 'Earth atmosphere, 'Energy
budgets, 'Radiometers, Radiation measure-
ment, Satellite observation, Wide angle lenses,
AbsorptiorT spectra, Angular distribution, Com-
puter programs, Solar radiation.
Radiometers on earth orbiting satellites mea-
sure the exchange of radiant energy between
the earth-atmosphere (E-A) system and space
at observation points in space external to the E-
A system. Observations by wideangle, spherical
and flat radiometers are analyzed and in-
terpreted with regard to the general problem of
the earth energy budget (EEB) and to the
problem of determining the energy budget of
regions smaller than the field of view (FOV) of
these radiometers.
N77-20660/5CP PC A12/MF A01
Georgia Inst, of Tech., Atlanta. School of
Aerospace Engineering.
The Global Reference Atmospheric Model,
MOD 2 (With Two Scale Perturbation Model).
Interim Technical Report.
C. G. Justus, and W. R. Hargraves. Jul 76, 262p
Rept no. NASA-CR-150214
Contract NAS8-20657
Descriptors: 'Meteorological parameters,
'Random processes, 'Reference atmospheres,
Perturbation, User manuals (Computer pro-
grams), Geostrophic wind, Gravitational waves,
Periodic variations, Pressure measurements.
The Global Reference Atmospheric Model was
improved to produce more realistic simulations
of vertical profiles of atmospheric parameters.
A revised two scale random perturbation model
using perturbation magnitudes which are ad-
justed to conform to constraints imposed by the
perfect gas law and the hydrostatic condition is
described. The two scale perturbation model
produces appropriately correlated (horizontally
and vertically) small scale and large scale per-
turbations. These stochastically simulated per-
turbations are representative of the magnitudes
and wavelengths of perturbations produced by
tides and planetary scale waves (large scale)
and turbulence and gravity waves (small scale).
Other new features of the model are: (1) a
second order geostrophic wind relation for use
at low latitudes which does not blow up at low
latitudes as the ordinary geostrophic relation
does; and (2) revised quasi-biennial amplitudes
and phases and revised stationary perturba-
tions, based on data through 1972.
N77-21516/8CP PC A02/MF A01
Naval Research Lab., Washington, D. C.
Measurements of Far-Ultraviolet Photographs
from Skylab 4 and APOLLO 6.
Final Report.
T. Page. 8 Mar77,5p Rept no. NASA-CR-151242
Contract NASA ORDER T-9602-B
Descriptors: 'Far ultraviolet radiation,
'Spaceborne photography, Apollo 16 flight,
Skylab 4, Airglow, Computer programs, Kohou-
tek comet, Magellanic clouds, Stellar radiation.
Over 700 far UV photos were obtained with the
S201 electrographic camera on Skylab 4 (27
Nov. 1973 - 28 Jan. 1974) and from the Apollo-
16 lunar site (21 - 23 Apr. 1972). The Lyman-
alpha geocorona was found to fit R. R. Meier's
model, and the tropical airglow belts were mea-
sured quantitatively. The history of Comet
Kohoutek's Ly-alpha halo (and lack of an ox-
ygen halo) was followed from 32 days before to
13 days after perihelion passage, and fitted to a
model of hydrogen production from the comet.
Far UV emissions from the Large Magellanic
Cloud were also measured quantitatively and
compared with ground-based measurements of
stellar associations and nebulae. Computer
programs were developed to contour the densi-
ties measured by microphotometer on the
original film and to locate and sum density-
volumes in each starlike image. In addition,
thousands of stars were identified and their far
UV flux measured in two band-passes (1050 -
1600 A, 1250- 1600 A).
N77-21734/7CP PC A03/MF A01
National Aeronautical Establishment, Ottawa
(Ontario).
Some Environmental Measurement of the
Vertical Spread of Pollutants from Low-Level
Sources.
R. S. Crabbe. Apr 75, 45p Rept no. LTR-UA-28
Descriptors: 'Contaminants, 'Environmental
surveys, 'Pesticides, Air pollution, Aerosols, At-
mospheric circulation, Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Air pollution sampling, Atmospher-
ic motion.
As a contribution to pesticide accountancy, a
series of environmental experiments on the
mean vertical spread of gaseous and aerosol
pollutants from ground-based sources has
been performed. For the former, reasonable
agreement between theoretical analysis and
airborne and surface measurements is demon-
strated. A dimensional analysis is suggested for
using similar data to predict the general case. A
method to predict the required number of
crosswind passes to obtain the time mean
values of laterally integrated concentration in a
plume is also presented and verified by experi-
ment.
N77-21788/3CP PC A02/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Lewis Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
All-Weather Ice Information System for
Alaskan Arctic Coastal Shipping.
R. T. Gedney, R. J. Jirberg, R. J. Schertler, R. A.
Mueller, and T. L. Chase. 1977, 14p Rept nos.
NASA-TM-X-73619, E-9108
Conf-Presented at 9TH Ann. Offshore
Technology Conf., Houston, Tex., 2-5 May 1977.
Descriptors: 'Ice formation, 'Ice mapping,
'Radar imagery, Alaska, Computer programs,
Forecasting.
A near real-time ice information system
designed to aid arctic coast shipping along the
Alaskan North Slope is described. The system
utilizes a X-band Side Looking Airborne Radar
(SLAR) mounted aboard a U.S. Coast Guard
HC-130B aircraft. Radar mapping procedures
showing the type, areal distribution and con-
centration of ice cover were developed. In order
to guide vessel operational movements, near
real-time SLAR image data were transmitted
directly from the SLAR aircraft to Barrow,
Alaska and the U.S. Coast Guard icebreaker
Glacier. In addition, SLAR image data were
transmitted in real time to Cleveland, Ohio via
the NOAA-GOES Satellite. Radar images
developed in Cleveland were subsequently fac-
simile transmitted to the U.S. Navy's Fleet
Weather Facility in Suitland, Maryland for use in
ice forecasting and also as a demonstration
back to Barrow via the Communications
Technology Satellite.
PC A04/MF A01
RVO-TNO, The Hague
N77-24935/7CP
Physics Lab.
(Netherlands).
Infrared Sea and Sky Background Radiation.
J. B. Vandevrie. Nov 76, 53p Rept nos. PHL-
1976-41, TDCK-68562
Descriptors: 'Background radiation, 'Infrared
radiation, 'Ocean surface, "Sky radiation, At-
mospheric models, Infrared scanners,
Meteorological parameters. Surface tempera-
ture, Water temperature.
Identifiers: Solar radiation, Air water interface,
Atmospheric attenuation, 'Atmospheric trans-
missivity, Lowtran 3 computer program,
Netherlands
An investigation of sea and sky background
radiance as a function of elevation in three
wavelength intervals 3.0-5.0, 3.4-4.1 and 8.0-
14.0 micrometers is described. A computer
model, which has the Lowtran 3 atmospheric
59
transmission model as a subroutine, was
developed to study the separate influence of a
few meteorological parameters on these func-
tions. The occurrence of a dip in the apparent
temperature of the sea near the horizon has
notably been analyzed. Results are summarized
of the measurements of the background radia-
tion around the horizon, made during a year by
a scanning radiometer at an altitude of 30 meter
above the sea surface. The radiance of the sky
is measured and computed also for higher
elevations (0-90 deg). Computations and mea-
surements are in very good agreement except
for the small interval 3.4-4.1 micrometers. The
latter might be caused by an overestimation of
the transmission by the Lowtran 3 model in this
wavelength band.
N77-25714/5CP PC A07/MF A01
Office National d'Etudes et de Recherches
Aerospatiales, Paris (France).
Dispersion within the Stratosphere of Minor
Constituents.
Ph.D. Thesis - Toulouse Univ., 1976.
A. M. Bouchardy. Jan 77, 127p Rept nos.
ONERA-P-1976-7, FR-ISSN-0078-379X
Misc-Report Will Also Be Announced as Trans-
lation (Esa-TT-381 ).
In French; English Summary.
Descriptors: *Air pollution, "Artificial clouds,
'Stratosphere, 'Trace contaminants, Cloud
physics. Computer programs. Diffusion coeffi-
cient, Exhaust gases, Mathematical models.
Optical radar. Turbulent diffusion.
Identifiers: France, 'Atmospheric diffusion,
Theses.
The experimental method consists in creating
artificial clouds within the stratosphere, and in
observing their evolution from the ground. The
observation means used are either a lidar and a
still camera, or two ballistic chambers and two
still cameras. The measurements carried out
allow determination of cloud motion and cloud
sizes, during an average of 600 sec. A numerical
model was realized which makes it possible to
simulate the evolution of these clouds and to
emphasize the influence of turbulent mixing
and wind shear. With this model and experi-
mental results the horizontal diffusion coeffi-
cients and their variations with scale can be
determined. The values found are between 0.5
and 11 sq m/s, for a time of 300 sec. Some
values of the vertical diffusion coefficient were
also measured. The results obtained are
discussed. A study of the microstructure of
clouds permitted the study of the phenomena at
a smaller scale.
N77-26177/4CP PC A18/MF A01
Computer Sciences Corp., Silver Spring, Md.
Skylab S191, S192 Program Descriptions.
M. Mack. Feb 76, 424p Rept no. NASA-CR-
152508
Contract NAS5-1 1999
Descriptors: 'Terrestrial radiation, Computer
programs, Data reduction, Satellite observa-
tion, Skylab program, Algorithms, Data storage,
Documentation, Format, Information manage-
ment, Plotting, Telemetry.
Software developed to assist in assessing and
analyzing earth radiation data obtained from
Skylab S191 and S192 experiments are
described. A block data generation routine is
included along with a plot program for the S191
experiment. Changes in format from that of the
original JSC tapes are discussed.
N77-26753/2CP PC A07/MF A01
Sperry Support Services, Huntsville, Ala. En-
gineering Operations.
Atmospheric Cloud Physics Thermal Systems
Analysis.
Final Report.
15Jun 77, 140p Rept no. NASA-CR-150312
Contract NAS8-32231
Descriptors: 'Cloud physics, Atmospheric
chemistry. Mathematical models, Computer
programs, Computers, Thermal stability.
Engineering analyses performed on the At-
mospheric Cloud Physics (ACPL) Science
Simulator expansion chamber and associated
thermal control/conditioning system are re-
ported. Analyses were made to develop a
verified thermal model and to perform paramet-
ric thermal investigations to evaluate systems
performance characteristics. Thermal network
representations of solid components and the
complete fluid conditioning system were solved
simultaneously using the Systems Improved
Numerical Differencing Analyzer (SINDA) com-
puter program.
N77-29673/9CP PC A03/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Md.
Monte Carlo Analysis of Uncertainty Propaga-
tion in a Stratospheric Model. 1: Development
of a Concise Stratospheric Model.
R. D. Rundel, D. M. Butler, and R. S. Stolarski.
May 77, 35p Rept nos. NASA-TM-X-71360, X-
624-77-122
Subm-Submitted for Publication.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models,
'Ozonometry, 'Perturbation, 'Stratosphere, Air
pollution. Computer programs, Monte carlo
method.
Identifiers: Mathematical models, Uncertainty.
A concise model has been developed to analyze
uncertainties in stratospheric perturbations, yet
uses a minimum of computer time and is
complete enough to represent the results of
more complex models. The steady state model
applies iteration to achieve coupling between
interacting species. The species are determined
from diffusion equations with appropriate
sources and sinks. Diurnal effects due to
chlorine nitrate formation are accounted for by
analytic approximation. The model has been
used to evaluate steady state perturbations due
to injections of chlorine and NO(X).
N77-31012/6CP PC A06/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion, Greenbelt, MD. Goddard Space Flight
Center.
Atmospheric and Oceanographic Information
Processing System (Aoips) System Descrip-
tion.
P. A. Bracken, J. T. Dalton, J. B. Billingsley, and
J. J.Quann. Mar 77, 118p Rept nos. NASA-TM-
X-71342.X-933-77-148
Conf-Presented at Machine Process. Of
Remotely Sensed Data, West Lafayette, Ind., 21-
23Jun. 1977.
Descriptors: "Information management,
'Meteorological parameters, 'Oceanographic
parameters, 'Optical data processing, Systems
engineering, Computer programs. Data
processing terminals, Imagery, Minicomputers,
Pdp computers.
The development of hardware and software for
an interactive, minicomputer based processing
and display system for atmospheric and
oceanographic information extraction and
image data analysis is described. The major ap-
plications of the system are discussed as well
as enhancements planned for the future.
N77-31678/4CP PC A07/MF A01
European Space Agency, Paris (France).
Dispersion of Trace Constituents in the
Stratosphere.
A. M. Bouchardy. Jul 77, 143p Rept nos. ESA-
TT-381, ONERA-P-1976-7
Tran-Transl. Into English of 'Dispersion dans la
Stratosphere de Constituants en Traces',
Onera, Paris Report Onera-p-1976-7, Jan. 1977.
Misc-Original Report in French Previously An-
nounced as N77-25714.
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Artificial clouds,
'Stratosphere, 'Trace contaminants, Cloud
physics, Computer programs, Diffusion coeffi-
cient, Exhaust gases. Mathematical models,
Optical radar, Turbulent diffusion.
Identifiers: Translations, France, 'Atmospheric
diffusion.
The experimental method consists in creating
artificial clouds within the stratosphere, and in
observing their evolution from the ground. The
observation means used are either a lidar and a
still camera, or two ballistic chambers and two
still cameras. The measurements carried out
allow determination of cloud motion and cloud
sizes, during an average of 600 sec. A numerical
model was realized, which makes it possible to
simulate the evolution of these clouds, and to
emphasize the influence of turbulent mixing
and wind shear. With this model and experi-
mental results the horizontal diffusion coeffi-
cients and their variations with scale can be
determined. The values found are between 0.5
and 11 sq m/s, for a time of 300 sec. Some
values of the vertical diffusion coefficient were
also measured. The results obtained are
discussed. A study of the microstructure of
clouds permitted the study of the phenomena at
a smaller scale.
N77-31700/6CP PC A05/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Langley Research Center, Langley Station,
Va.
A Model for Simulating Random Atmospheres
as a Function of Latitude, Season, and Time.
J. W. Campbell. Sep 77, 91 p Rept nos. NASA-
TN-D-8470, L-11308
Descriptors: 'Atmospheres, 'Mathematical
models, 'Monte carlo method,
'Thermodynamic properties, Computer pro-
grams, Pressure, Spacecraft trajectories,
Stochastic processes, Temperature.
An empirical stochastic computer model was
developed with the capability of generating ran-
dom thermodynamic profiles of the atmosphere
below an altitude of 99 km which are charac-
teristic of any given season, latitude, and time
of day. Samples of temperature, density, and
pressure profiles generated by the model are
statistically similar to measured profiles in a
data base of over 6000 rocket and high-altitude
atmospheric soundings: that is, means and
standard deviations of modeled profiles and
their vertical gradients are in close agreement
with data. Model-generated samples can be
used for Monte Carlo simulations of aircraft or
spacecraft trajectories to predict or account for
the effects on a vehicle's performance of at-
mospheric variability. Other potential uses for
the model are in simulating pollutant dispersion
patterns, variations in sound propagation, and
other phenomena which are dependent on at-
mospheric properties, and in developing data-
reduction software for satellite monitoring
systems.
N78-11642/3CP PC A05/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville,
Ala.
Development of a Procedure to Model High-
Resolution Wind Profiles from Smoothed or
Low-Frequency Data.
D. W. Camp. Nov 77, 92p Rept nos. NASA-TP-
1071.M-239
Descriptors: 'Wind profiles, High resolution,
Models, Rawinsondes, Computer programs.
Computerized simulation, Jimsphere balloons.
60
The derivation of simulated Jimsphere wind
profiles from low-frequency rawinsonde data
and a generated set of white noise data are
presented. A computer program is developed to
model high-resolution wind profiles based on
the statistical properties of data from the Ken-
nedy Space Center, Florida. Comparison of the
measured Jimsphere data, rawinsonde data,
and the simulated profiles shows excellent
agreement.
N78-14235/3CP PC A02/MF A01
Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt
fuer Luft- und Ftaumfahrt, Oberpfaffenhofen
(West Germany).
Calculation of the Desired Angle Values for
the Alignment of a Stabilized Two Axis Rotat-
ing Platform in an Aircraft Berechnung der
Winkel-Sollwerte fuer die Ausrichtung Eines
Stabilisierten Zwei-Achsen-Drehstandes in
Einem Flugzeug.
E. Hoermann. Feb 77, 24p Rept no. DLR-IB-552-
76/27
Language in German.
Descriptors: "Airborne equipment, 'Alignment,
"Antennas, "Backscattering, 'Meteorological
parameters. Azimuth, Computer programs,
Elevation angle, Scatterometers, Seas, Stabil-
ized platforms.
Identifiers: West Germany.
A procedure to calculate from the navigation
gyroscope values the desired values for the
drive control of an antenna rotating platform
(azimuth and elevation) on board an aircraft is
described. The study is part of the scatterome-
ter project in which the possibility of establish-
ing from backscatter measurements, informa-
tion on the motion of the sea and hence the
wind direction and the wind force was in-
vestigated. To this end, a stabilizing antenna
pointed slanted towards the sea is mounted on
board an aircraft flying along a predetermined
path. The position of the antenna should not be
influenced by the movements of the aircraft.
The method gives simplified equations for
elevation over azimuth and for azimuth over
elevation values.
N78-15629/6CP PC A05/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Md.
Aoips Data Base Management Systems Sup-
port for Garp Data Sets.
Technical Report, Oct. 1976 - Sep. 1977.
J. P. Gary. Oct 77, 86p Rept no. NASA-TM-78042
Descriptors: 'Data management, 'Global at-
mospheric research program, 'Information
systems. Data bases, Computer programs, Data
retrieval, Data storage.
Identifiers: 'Data base management systems,
Data retrieval system.
A data base management system is identified,
developed to provide flexible access to data
sets produced by GARP during its data systems
tests. The content and coverage of the data
base are defined and a computer-aided, in-
teractive information storage and retrieval
system, implemented to facilitate access to user
specified data subsets, is described. The com-
puter programs developed to provide the capa-
bility were implemented on the highly interac-
tive, minicomputer-based AOIPS and are
referred to as the data retrieval system (DRS).
Implemented as a user interactive but menu
guided system, the DRS permits users to inven-
tory the data tape library and create duplicate
or subset data sets based on a user selected
window defined by time and latitude/longitude
boundaries. The DRS permits users to select,
display, or.produce formatted hard copy of in-
dividual data items contained within the data
records.
N78-18573/3CP PC A11/MF A01
Cramer (H.E.) Co., Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah.
Users' Instructions for the NASA/Msfc Cloud-
Rise Preprocessor Program, Version 6, and
the NASA/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Program,
Version 6: Research Version for UNIVAC 1108
System.
J. R. Bjorklund. Jan 78, 233p Rept nos. NASA-
CR-2945, M-245
Contract NAS8-31 841
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric diffusion, Univac
1108 computer. User manuals (Computer pro-
grams), Computer programs, Environmental
tests, Rocket exhaust, Shear layers, Space
shuttles.
Identifiers: Concentration(Com position),
'Exhaust emissions, 'Air pollution sampling.
The cloud-rise preprocessor and multilayer dif-
fusion computer programs were used by NASA
in predicting concentrations and dosages
downwind from normal and abnormal launches
of rocket vehicles. These programs incor-
porated: (1) the latest data for the heat content
and chemistry of rocket exhaust clouds; (2)
provision for the automated calculation of sur-
face water pH due to deposition of HCI from
precipitation scavenging; (3) provision for auto-
mated calculation of concentration and dosage
parameters at any level within the vertical
grounds for which meteorological inputs have
been specified; and (4) provision for execution
of multiple cases of meteorological data.
Procedures used to automatically calculate
wind direction shear in a layer were updated.
N78-18623/6CP PC A04/MF A01
M&S Computing, Inc., Huntsville, Ala.
Wisp Information Display System User's
Manual.
Final Report.
P. L. Alley, and G. R. Smith. 30 Jan 78, 68p Rept
nos. NASA-CR-1 50541, REPT-77-042
Contract NAS8-32024
Descriptors: 'Display devices, 'Information
systems, 'User manuals (Computer programs),
'Wind shear, Data acquisition, Data storage,
Laser doppler velocimeters, Magnetic tapes.
Identifiers: WISP System.
The wind shears program (WISP) supports the
collection of data on magnetic tape for per-
manent storage or analysis. The document
structure provides: (1) the hardware and soft-
ware configuration required to execute the
WISP system and start up procedure from a
power down condition; (2) data collection task,
calculations performed on the incoming data,
and a description of the magnetic tape format;
(3) the data display task and examples of dis-
plays obtained from execution of the real time
simulation program; and (4) the raw data dump
task and examples of operator actions required
to obtained the desired format. The procedures
outlines herein will allow continuous data col-
lection at the expense of real time visual dis-
plays.
N78-21692/6CP PC A02/MF A01
Systems and Applied Sciences Corp., River-
dale, Md.
Software Development: Stratosphere Model-
ing.
Final Report.
H. C. Chen. 9 Dec 77, 14p Rept nos. NASA-CR-
156722, R-SAD-12/77-34
Contract NAS5-24255
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric chemistry,
'Atmospheric models, "Ozone, "Stratosphere,
Transport theory, Computer programs, Mathe-
matical models, Photochemical reactions.
Radiation, Stratosphere.
A more comprehensive model for stratospheric
chemistry and transport theory was developed
for the purpose of aiding predictions of
changes in the stratospheric ozone content as a
consequence of natural and anthropogenic
processes. This new and more advanced strato-
spheric model is time dependent and the de-
pendent variables are zonal means of the rele-
vant meteorological quantities which are func-
tions of latitude and height. The model was
constructed by the best mathematical approach
on a large IBM S360 in American National Stan-
dard FORTRAN. It will be both a scientific tool
and an assessment device used to evaluate
other models. The interactions of dynamics,
photochemistry and radiation in the strato-
sphere can be governed by a set of fundamental
dynamical equations.
N78-21694/2CP PC A05/MF A01
National Aeronautics and Space Administra-
tion. Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt,
Md.
User's Guide to the Nimbus-4 Backscatter Ul-
traviolet Experiment Data Sets.
B. E. Lowrey. Jan 78, 96p Rept no. NASA-TM-
78069
Contract NAS5-23854
Descriptors: "Backscattering, "Ozone,
"Ultraviolet radiation, Nimbus 4 satellite, Com-
puter programs, Data bases. Manuals, Statisti-
cal tests.
The first year's data from the Nimbus 4
backscatter ultraviolet (BUV) experiment have
been archived in the National Space Science
Data Center (NSSDC). Backscattered radiances
in the ultraviolet measured by the satellite were
used to compute the global total ozone for the
period April 1970 - April 1971. The data sets
now in the NSSDC are the results obtained by
the Ozone Processing Team, which has
processed the data with the purpose of deter-
mining the best quality of the data. There are
four basic sets of data available in the NSSDC
representing various stages in processing. The
primary data base contains organized and
cleaned data in telemetry units. The radiance
data has had most of the engineering calibra-
tions performed. The detailed total ozone data
is the result of computations to obtain the total
ozone; the Compressed Total Ozone data is a
convenient condensation of the detailed total
ozone. Product data sets are also included.
N78-23650/2CP PC A06/MF A01
Geophysical Observatory, Christchurch (New
Zealand). Physics and Engineering Lab.
A Program for Reading Ionospheric Data.
L. A. Tomlinson. Nov 77, 109p Rept no. REPT-
540
Descriptors: "Computer programs,
"lonospherics, Data systems, PDP computers,
Data acquisition. Data storage, Fortran,
Minicomputers, Subroutines.
Identifiers: PDP-1 1 computers, New Zealand.
A PDP 11 minicomputer with an XY digitising
table was programmed so that the relevant
points from a record were directly entered into
the computer The data were stored in a file on
disk for subsequent processing and, finally, the
production of tabulated data sheets for publica-
tion.
N78-23668/4CP PC A02/MF A01
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Inst., De Bilt.
Computer Program for Calculation of the In-
cident Radiation Per Day on a Horizontal Sur-
face at the Edge of the Atmosphere een Com-
puterprogramma voor Het Berekenen van de
Inkomende Straling Aan de Rand van de At-
mosfeer Per DAG Door een Horizontaal Op-
pervlak.
HA. R. Debruin. Apr 77. 21p Rept no. KNMI-V-
294
Language in Dutch.
61
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric radiation,
'Computer programs, 'Incident radiation,
Daytime, Declination, Latitude, Sunlight.
Identifiers: Solar radiation, Netherlands.
A program is described for the calculation of
the incident solar radiation per day on a
horizontal surface at the edge of the at-
mosphere as a function of the location on earth
(latitude) and the day number. By-products of
this program are declination and sun length, as
well as day length and the distance earth-sun as
function of latitude and day number for an
average year. The program was written for
meteorological applications.
N78-23788/0CP PC A03/MF A01
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Inst., De Bilt.
Description of Automatic Plotting Computer
Programs Beschrijving van Het Program-
mapakket T.B.V. Het Automatisch Plotten.
G. D. G. Folkers. 1977, 28p Rept no. KNMI-V-292
Language in Dutch.
Descriptors: 'Computer programming,
'Meteorological charts, 'Plotting, Aerology,
ALGOL, Digital computers, Plotters, Water
waves.
Identifiers: Burroughs 6700 computers, Com-
puter aided mapping, Netherlands.
Automatic plotting programs for wave maps,
detail maps, rain maps, aerology, and aerolo-
gy/temps are described. The programs are writ-
ten in Burroughs Extended ALGOL (BEA) for
use on a Burroughs B6700 computer. The out-
put consists of plotfiles stored on disks using
the Xynetics basic software package. The plot-
files can be used on a Xynetics plotter. The pro-
gram package being quite large, the listings
have not been printed in the document.
N78-24754/1CP PC A03/MF A01
City Univ. of New York. Dept. of Earth and
Planetary Sciences.
Simulations of the Monthly Mean Atmosphere
for February 1976 with the Giss Model.
J. Spar, and R. J. Lutz. 1978, 39p Rept nos.
NASA-CR-157158, CONTRIB-105
Contract NGR-33-013-086
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models,
"Computerized simulation, 'Weather forecast-
ing, Climatology, Computer programs, Tropo-
sphere.
Identifiers: GISS model, Atmospheric tempera-
ture.
Monthly mean simulations of the global at-
mosphere were computed for February 1976
with the GISS model from observed initial con-
ditions. In a replication experiment, two of
these computations generated slightly different
monthly mean states, apparently due to the
schedule of interruptions on the computer. The
root-mean-square errors of replication over the
Northern Hemisphere were found to be about 2
mb, 20 m, and 1 K for sea-level pressure, 500
mb height, and 850 mb temperature, respec-
tively. The monthly mean 500 mb forecast
results for February 1976 over the Northern
Hemisphere were consistent with those from
earlier GISS model experiments.
ORNL/CSD/TM-40 PC A02/MF A01
Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn.
WNDROS: A Program for Displaying Wind
Rose Data
E. C. Schlatter. Mar 78, 22p
Contract W-7405-ENG-26
Descriptors: 'Computer codes, 'Wind, Com-
puter graphics, Data processing, Display
devices, Fortran, Spatial distribution, Velocity,
W codes.
Identifiers: ERDA/500100, WNDROS computer
program.
The FORTRAN IV program WNDROS uses the
computer graphics system DISSPLA to produce
a wind rose plot. The plot indicates wind
frequency at a site as a function of wind speed
and direction as read from Star data listings of
the Environmental Data Service, National Cli-
matic Center, NOAA. Options are available
which allow the user to control the final ap-
pearance of the plot. A program description,
user's guide, a data sample, a finished plot, and
FORTRAN and JCL listings are included. (ERA
citation 03:035933)
ORNL/NSF/EATC-17 PC A06/MF A01
Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn.
Comprehensive Atomospheric Transport and
Diffusion Model.
W. M. Culkowski, and M. R. Patterson. Apr 76,
117p
Contract W-7405-eng-26
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Plumes, 'Sulfur
dioxide, 'Mathematical models. Aerosols, Com-
puter codes, Diffusion, Earth atmosphere, En-
vironmental effects, Forecasting, Mass transfer,
Meteorology, Power plants, Tennessee.
Identifiers: ERDA/500200, ERDA/200202,
'Atmospheric diffusion.
A comprehensive version of the Atmospheric
Transport Model is described that includes the
effect of aerodynamic roughness on dispersion
constants, clarifies the roles of the terminal
velocity and deposition velocity, incorporates a
tilting plume for heavy particulates, and in-
cludes an episodic calculation of exposure
maxima. This model also limits the maximum
value of the dispersion constants in order to
retain the emitted material in the planetary
boundary later. The structure of the program
has been modularized in order to clarify the
flow of calculation and allow more flexibility.
Values for atmospheric concentration as well
as both wetfall and dryfall deposition are calcu-
lated. The model is applied to the vicinity of
three power plants, and correlations between
model predictions and observed values are
presented. (ERA citation 01 :014370)
ORNL/NSF/EATC-21 PC A05/MF A01
Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn.
SULCAL: A Model of Sulfur Chemistry in a
Plume
C. F. Baes, Jr, J. T. Holdeman, and W. M.
Culkowski. Apr 76, 78p
Contract W-7405-eng-26
Descriptors: 'Computer codes, 'Fossil-fuel
power plants, 'Air pollution, 'Plumes, 'Sulfur
dioxide, Aerosols, Ammonia, Ammonium
sulfates. Chemical effluents, Chemical reac-
tions, Droplets, Mathematical models, Oxida-
tion, Oxygen, Ozone, Ph value, S codes,
Sulfates, Sulfites, Sulfur trioxide.
Identifiers: ERDA/010900, ERDA/200202,
ERDA/500200, 'Atmospheric chemistry. Sul-
furic acid, SULCAL model.
A computer program has been written that
models the following features of the chemical
behavior of sulfur emitted to the atmosphere
from fossil-fuel burning power plants: (1) the
rapid reactions of SO sub 2 with aerosol
droplets to produce the dissolved sulfite spe-
cies H sub 2 SO sub 3 ,HSO sub 3- and SO sub
32- ; (2) the rapid reactions of SO sub 3 to
produce the dissolved sulfate species HSO sub
4- and SO sub 42- ; (3) the neutralization of the
acid thus produced by atmospheric ammonia
and (4) the eventual formation of particulate
ammonium sulfate; (5) the slow oxidation of SO
sub 2 to sulfate species by hydroxyl radical, and
(6) the slow oxidation of species of SO sub 2 in
aerosol droplets to sulfate species by dissolved
ozone and oxygen. The model employs
averaged concentrations based on the Gaus-
sian plume and can calculate deposition rates
for gaseous and particulate material as a func-
tion of such variables as distance from the
source, wind speed, meterological stability
class, temperature, relative humidity, and the
ambient concentrations of OH radical, ozone,
and ammonia. (ERA citation 01 :015492)
ORNL/TM-5201 MF A01
Oak Ridge National Lab., Tenn.
Oak Ridge Fog and Drift Code (ORFAD)
User's Manual
M.E. LaVerne.Jan77, 118p
Contract W-7405-ENG-26
Microfiche copies only.
Descriptors: 'Computer codes, 'Cooling
towers, 'Fog, 'Plumes, Climates, Computer cal-
culations. Daily variations, Diffusion, Environ-
mental effects, Gaseous wastes, Gaussian
processes, Meteorology, O codes, Seasons,
Thermal effluents, Vapor condensation. Water
vapor.
Identifiers: ERDA/500400, ERDA/200200, Gaus-
sian plume models, Mathematical models, At-
mospheric diffusion, Programming manuals,
ORFAD computer program.
ORFAD is a computer program written for the
purpose of providing estimates of fog and drift
resulting from the operation of wet cooling
towers. The program uses hourly weather data
from tapes. The physical and calculational
models are described, and detailed instructions
are given for input preparation and running the
program. A program listing and sample output
are appended. (ERA citation 02:030816)
HC E01 MF A01
Satellite Center,
PB-191 189/CP
National Environmental
Washington, D.C.
Mapping of Geostationary Satellite Pictures:
An Operational Experiment.
Technical memo.
R. C. Doolittle, C. L. Bristor, and L. Lauritson.
Mar 70, 44p Rept no. NESCTM-20
Descriptors: 'Meteorological satellites, Cloud
cover, 'Aerial photographs, Data processing
systems. Aerial photographs. Computer pro-
grams, Photographic images, Stereoscopic
photography. Photographic techniques.
Identifiers: ATS-I satellite, 'Spaceborne
photography.
Spin scan cloud pictures from the ATS-I geos-
tationary satellite were mapped for daily opera-
tional experimental use during the period from
June to December 1969. The details of this con-
tinuing experiment are discussed herein. Com-
puter programs are used, first to preprocess the
digitized image data to produce a geometrically
normalized picture, then to map the normalized
image on Mercator or polar stereographic pro-
jections. In the summary, recommendations are
made for operational processing of data from
the projected operational geostationary satel-
lite, and some speculative suggestions are ad-
vanced in regard to the possibilities for ex-
panded computer processing in the future.
(Author)
PB-191 870/CP HC E01 MF A01
Nebraska Univ., Lincoln. Agricultural Experi-
ment Station.
Computer Program for Plotting Time Depen-
dent Data with Instruction and Examples.
K. W. Brown, and Norman J. Rosenberg. Jul 69,
34p* MP-23, OWRR-A-001-NEBR(4)
Descriptors: 'Micrometeorology, Data
processing systems, 'Plotters, Computer pro-
grams, Input-output devices.
Identifiers: TIMEPLOT computer program.
The use of multichannel automatic data recor-
ders has necessitated the development of
techniques for rapid analysis and presentation
of data. A computer program was developed to
62
plot time dependent data from a storage matrix.
The body of the program, entitled TIMEPLOT, is
written in FORTRAN IV. To minimize the run
time required, the input and output subroutines
are written in F level COBOL. Time, which may
range from 1 hour to 16 days, is plotted on the
abscissa. The program computes the intervals
at which labels are placed and determines the
required annotation. Data may be plotted as
frequently as one observation per minute or as
infrequently as one observation per day. The or-
dinate may represent any parameter. A single
parameter may be plotted or several parameters
may be superimposed upon each other. Com-
binations may be arranged on a single time
axis. The program was designed with special
features to facilitate the plotting of microcli-
matic, micrometeorological, and other types of
time-dependant data. Plots drawn in india ink
may be photographically reduced for use in re-
ports and journal articles. Associated utility
programs are also described. (Author)
PB-192 757/CP HC E01 MF A01
EG and G, Inc., Boulder, Colo. Environmental
Services Operation.
A Parameterized Numerical Model of Oro-
graphic Precipitation.
PaulT. Willis. 28 Jan 70, 95
Contract DI-14-06-D-5640
Descriptors: "Atmospheric precipitation,
Mathematical models, Atmospheric motion,
Condensation, Clouds, Air mass analysis, Water
vapor, Nucleation, Artificial precipitation. At-
mospheric temperature, Flow fields, Moun-
tains, Ice, Computer programs.
Identifiers: Cloud seeding.
The model described in the report calculates
the steady state field of vertical velocity over an
orographic barrier, the production of cloud
water by this vertical velocity field, the conver-
sion of this cloud water to hydrometeor water
and the subsequent trajectory of this
hydrometeor waterto the surface. (Author)
PB-202 199/CP PC E01 MF A01
Denver Univ., Colo. Dept. of Geography.
The Development of Computer Programs Ap-
plicable to Meaningful Precipitation Manage-
ment Experiments
Final rept.
William A. Peterman. 1 Jul 71, 101p REC-14-06-
D-6646-F
Contract DI-14-06-D-6646
Errata sheet inserted.
Descriptors: 'Weather modification, 'Computer
programming, "Weather forecasting, Mathe-
matical prediction, Cloud physics, Cloud seed-
ing, Precipitation(Meteorology), Decision mak-
ing, Management engineering, Atmospheric
sounding, Computer programs, Numerical
analysis, Meteorological data.
Identifiers: Numerical weather forecasting, Sky-
water project.
Computer programs have use in precipitation
management experiments. Operational use of
computers and computer products has been
limited, however, because of several limitations
which restrict their use. Scientists conducting
precipitation management operations need
user-oriented computer products specifically
designed for their needs. Several numerical
models and programs have been studied and
tested. A philosophy for the field use of compu-
ters has been developed. From this has grown a
system for transmitting data and computer
products to field users. This system has un-
dergone a series of field tests and has been
carefully evaluated. This system has been made
operational by the Bureau of Reclamation, and
its data and computer programs are currently
available to all Project Skywater field programs.
(Author)
PB-206 938/CP PC E01/MF A01
Research Corp. of New England, Hartford,
Conn.
A Regional Air Quality Simulation Model (A
Description of the Connecticut Air Pollution
Model as Developed by the Travelers
Research Center)
Norman E. Bowne, and G. D. Robinson. Sep 71,
81p*APTD-0930
Contract CPA-70-155
Prepared in cooperation with the Center for the
Environment and Man, Inc., Hartford, Conn.
Descriptors: *Air pollution, 'Atmospheric
models, Computer programs, Sources, At-
mospheric composition, Atmospheric diffusion,
Mathematical models, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Wind(Meteorology), Con-
necticut.
An air quality model which assumes a form of
solution of the equation for a single source, in-
serts appropriate empirical parameters, and
sums the solutions over all sources is
described. Three categories of source are
recognized in the model: major, intense,
discontinuous, i.e., point and line, sources
(examples are the stacks of electrical generat-
ing or other major industrial plants and
highways, etc.); numerous minor sources
which are treated as continuous area sources;
and sources beyond the boundary of the model.
Special devices, effectively a sub-model, which
were needed to deal with the proximity of very
large sources, unknown in detail, in the area of
New York City are described. (Author)
PB-209 290/CP PC E01/MF A01
Systems, Science and Software, La Jolla, Calif.
A Particle-in-Cell Method for Numerical Solu-
tion of the Atmospheric Diffusion Equation,
and Applications to Air Pollution Problems.
Volume I
Final rept.
R. C. Sklarew, A. J. Fabrick, and J. E. Prager.
Nov 71 , 1 73p 3SR-844-Vol-1 , APTD-0952
Contract DI-68-02-0006
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Atmospheric diffu-
sion. Smog, Turbulent diffusion. Mathematical
models, Computer programming, Carbon
monoxide, Photochemical reactions, Lagrange
equations of motion, California.
Identifiers: Los Angeles(California), NEXUS
computer code, PICFIC computer code.
The document reports the development and ini-
tial applications of a new method for the solu-
tion of the turbulent atmospheric diffusion
equation. The method, called PICK, is based on
the use of Langrangian mass points and is one
of a family of Particle-in-Cell techniques for the
solution of partial differential equations. The
purpose of the study was the development of
the PICK method and the demonstration of the
method in the solution of evaluation test cases
and actual air pollution problems. Test cases
for the evaluation of feasibility and accuracy
and for comparison to finite difference solu-
tions were conducted with a two-dimensional
computer code PICFIC. For actual air pollution
studies, the PICK method was used in the three
dimensional code NEXUS. The description of
NEXUS and its application to the simulation of
CO in Los Angeles is given. The NEXUS/P code
was developed to solve equations with
photochemical terms. NEXUS/P's description
and its application to photochemical fog in Los
Angeles is described. (Author)
PB-210 702/7CP PCA05/MFA01
EG and G Inc., Boulder, Colo. Environmental
Services Operation.
Potential Environmental Modifications
Produced by Large Evaporative Cooling
Towers
Water pollution control research series.
Jan71,80pEPA-16130-DNH-01/71
Contract FWPCA-14-12-542
Paper copy available from GPO $0.75 as
EP2.10:16130DNH01/71.
Descriptors: 'Cooling towers, 'Plumes, *Air pol-
lution, Heat, Water vapor, Fog, Humidity,
Mathematical models, Computer programs, At-
mospheric diffusion, Cloud physics, Topog-
raphy, Cloud seeding, Site surveys.
Identifiers: 'Thermal pollution.
A readily usable model was developed for
evaluating the extent of plumes from large
evaporative cooling towers. Mathematical
models were used to describe the dynamics of
the wet cooling tower plume and its interaction
with the environment. Primary emphasis was
placed on predicting the height of the plume.
Classical atmosphere diffusion theory was used
to determine the downwind spread. The satura-
tion deficit of the atmosphere controls the
downwind spread of and fogging used by the
plume. A map of the U.S. indicating locations of
potential adverse atmospheric effects due to
cooling towers can be used in conjunction with
local data. Appendix contains a description of
the computer program, including input specifi-
cations.
PC E01/MF A01
Research Lab.,
PB-211 232/CP
Transport and Road
Crowthorne (England).
A Program for Calculating Thiessen Average
Rainfall
A. O.Grigg. 1972, 21p Rept no. TRRL-LR-470
Descriptors: 'Rainfall, Average, 'Computer pro-
grams, Rainfall, FORTRAN, Rain gages,
Polygons, Great Britain, Hydrology.
The report describes a digital computer pro-
gram for the determination of the mean rainfall
over an area using the Thiessen method. The
area can be of any shape and there is no neces-
sity for the rain-gauge network to be the same
for all storms. It is suggested that the program
may have applications outside the field of
hydrology. (Author)
PB-211 806/CP PC E01/MF A01
Georgia Inst, of Tech., Atlanta. Environmental
Resources Center.
Digital Simulation of Thunderstorm Rainfall
Partial completion rept.
Unal A. Sorman, and James R. Wallace. Aug 72,
194p ERC-0972, OWRR A-036-GA(1)
Descriptors: 'Rainfall intensity, Digital simula-
tion, 'Thunderstorms, Rainfall, Storms, Atomo-
spheric disturbances, Spatial distritution.
Hydrology, Coastal topographic features.
Mathematical models, Stochastic processes,
Georgia, Computer programs, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: Little River watershed, Tif-
ton(Georgia).
The purpose was to obtain a better understand-
ing of the temporal and spatial variability of
thunderstorm rainfall and to develop a digital
model for the stochastic simulation of thun-
derstorm rainfall for the Southeast Coas'al
Plain areas. Rainfall patterns were thoroughly
analyzed from rainfall data made available by
the Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Depart-
ment of Agriculture. Statistical properties and
frequency distritutions of rainfall cell charac-
teristics, such as cell duration, size, spatial and
temporal distribution of rainfall intensity, cell
movement, and the number and orientation of
cells, were analyzed. A digital model of thun-
derstorm rainfall was formulated from observed
storm cell characteristics and the parameters of
the model were evaluated from isolated thun-
derstorms. (Author)
PB-213 091/2CP PC E01/MF A01
Stanford Research Inst., Menlo Park, Calif.
63
User's Manual for the APRAC-1A Urban Diffu-
sion Model Computer Program
R. L. Mancuso, and F. L. Ludwig. Sep 72, 122p*
CRC-CAPA-3-4
Contract CAPA-3-68(1 -69)-CRC
Sponsored in part by Environmental Protection
Agency.
Descriptors: 'Urban areas, Air pollution, *Air
pollution, "Atmospheric motion, 'Highway
transportation. Air pollution, 'Computer pro-
grams, Programming manuals, Handbooks, At-
mospheric diffusion. Mathematical models,
Wind(Meteorology), Exhaust gases, Carbon
monoxide, Streets, Concentra-
tion(Composition), FORTRAN.
Identifiers: Automobile exhaust, CDC 6400
computers, APRAC 1A computer program, IBM
360/50 computers, 'Computerized simulation.
The APRAC-1A diffusion model was developed
as a versatile and practical model for comput-
ing the concentrations of pollutants at any
point within a city. The model calculates pollu-
tant contributions from diffusion on various
scales, including: extraurban diffusion, mainly
from sources in upwind cities; intraurban diffu-
sion from freeway, arterial, and feeder street
sources; local diffusion of emissions within a
street canyon. The model treats only carbon
monoxide (CO), a relatively inert gas in the at-
mosphere but an important pollutant in terms
of health. Motor vehicles are the major source
of this gas. (Author)
PB-225 123/9CP PC A09/MF A01
North Carolina Water Resources Research Inst.,
Raleigh.
Precipitation Variability Over North Carolina
W. J. Saucier, A. H. Weber, and C. K. Bayne. Aug
73, 198p UNC-WRRI-73-84, OWRR-A-061-NC(3)
Contract DI-14-31-0001-3833
Prepared by North Carolina State Univ.,
Raleigh.
Descriptors: 'North Carolina,
'Precipitation(Meteorology), Periodic varia-
tions, Computer programs, Tables(Data),
Probability theory.
Identifiers: Numerical weather forecasting,
OWRR.
Variability of precipitation is analyzed in detail
for records of 40 to 50 years or more. The
probability of occurrence of wet or dry days is
calculated for various thresholds of rainfall.
Using the Freyerherm-Bark model, tables of ini-
tial and transitional probabilities and con-
fidence limits are calculated. Tables of
sequences of wet and dry days are also calcu-
lated. Computer programs and example
problems are presented. Monthly total
precipitation is calculated by station and tables
and maps are given for the monthly means and
of variance about the means. Long-term varia-
tions in precipitation were found in analyzing
40-year data series. Variations due to tropical
storms are also analyzed. Conclusive evidence
is presented that long-term variations do occur
and affect nearby locations quite differently.
PB-226 513/OCP PC A02/MF A01
Transport and Road Research Lab.,
Crowthorne (England).
Estimated Rainfall for Drainage Calculations
in the United Kingdom
C. P. Young. 1973, 25p Rept no. TRRL-LR-595
Descriptors: 'Rainfall, 'Estimating, 'Sewers,
'Design criteria, Rainfall intensity, Statistical
data, Tables(Data), Great Britain, Computer
programs, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: FORTRAN 4 programming lan-
guage, GBRRL.
The report gives tables of rainfall from the Bil-
ham rainfall formula taking account of the
latest work of the Meteorological Office
together with an algorithm for calculating the
figures. The rainfall profile used in most of the
computer programs based on TRRL hydro-
graph method of sewer design is also given.
(Author)
PB-227 346/4CP PC A07/MF A01
National Environmental Research Center,
Research Triangle Park, N.C. Control Systems
Lab.
User's Guide for the Climatological Disper-
sion Model
A. D. Busse, and J. R. Zimmerman. Dec 73,
1 37p* Rept no. EPA-R4-73-024
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Atmospheric mo-
tion, 'Climatology, Mathematical models, Com-
puter programs, FORTRAN, Algorithms, At-
mospheric composition, Concentra-
tion(Chemistry).
Identifiers: Climatological Dispersion Model,
IBM 360/370 computers, EPAO.
The Climatological Dispersion Model (CDM)
determines long-term (seasonal or annual)
quasi-stable pollutant concentrations at any
ground-level receptor using average emission
rates from point and area sources and a joint
frequency distribution of wind direction, wind
speed, and stability for the same period. This
model differs from the Air Quality Display Model
(AQDM) primarily in the way in which concen-
trations are determined from area sources, the
use of Briggs' plume rise formula, and the use
of an assumed power law increase in wind
speed with height that depends on the stability.
The material presented in diredted toward the
engineer familiar with computer techniques
and will enable him to perform calculations
with the CDM. Technical details of the com-
puter programming are discussed; complete
descriptions of input, output, and a test case
are given. Flow diagrams and a source program
listing are included. Campanion papers on the
technical details of the model and on validation
are included as appendices. (Author)
PB-229 771/1CP CPT03
National Environmental Research Center,
Research Triangle Park, N.C. Meteorology Lab.
Users Network for Applied Modeling of Air
Pollution (UNAMAP)
Rept. fori Mar 73-1 Mar 74.
A. D. Busse, P. E. Ruff, and D. B. Turner. 1 Mar
74, 1 reel mag tape, Rept no. UNAMAP-001
See also PB-213 091.
Specify tape recording mode desired: 7 track,
556 or 800 BPI, odd and even parity; or 9 track,
800 BPI, odd parity.
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Urban areas,
'Mathematical models, 'Magnetic tapes, FOR-
TRAN.
Identifiers: FORTRAN 4 programming lan-
guage, IBM 360 computers, NERC.
The single reel of magnetic tape contains (9)
files of data relevant to the UNAMAP air quality
models. The first file contains brief descriptions
of the models. The second through seventh
contains source Fortran codes for the six
UNAMAP models, APRAC, HIWAY, CDM,
PTMAX, PTDIS, and PTMTP respectively. The
eighth file is a test set of emission inventory and
meteorological data for CDM ; the ninth file con-
tains similar data for APRAC. The remainder of
the models are interactive where the data is
supplied by the user upon prompting by the
master program. Mnauals are being prepared
for the models and will have spearate NTIS ac-
cession numbers. The Fortran IV source code is
self-documenting with frequent comments. The
source computer and operating system is an
IBM 360-OS. The tape recording mode is 9
track, 800 bits per inch, EBCDIC code, odd pari-
ty. Physical records each contain 10 logical
records in card image format (i.e 80 byte logi-
cal records; 800 byte block size). The tape can
be copied to 7 track form without loss of data.
(Author)
PB-232 445/7CP PC A10/MF A01
Battelle-Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland,
Wash. Atmospheric Sciences Dept.
Natural Precipitation Washout of Sulfur Com-
pounds from Plumes
Final rept.
M. Terry Dana, J. M. Hales, W. G. N. Slinn, and
MA. Wolf. Jun 73, 215p* EPA-R3-73-047
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Sulfur dioxide,
'Electric power plants. Plumes, Sulfates, Rain,
Acidity, Models, Computer programs, FOR-
TRAN.
Identifiers: 'Precipitation washout.
This report describes field measurement and
modeling of the washout of S02 and sulfate
from plumes. Field measurements of precipita-
tion washout were conducted in conjunction
with both controlled test sources and actual
power plant plumes. A primary achievement of
this work has been the formulation of an S02
washout model, which predicts rain-borne S02
concentrations that agree favorably with those
observed. An approximate theoretical analysis
of sulfate washout in conjunction with field ob-
servations indicates that sulfate formation and
scavenging exhibit a strong inverse depen-
dence on acidity levels in the background rain.
(Modified author abstract)
PB-233 674/1CP PC A04/MF A01
Hawaii Univ., Honolulu. Water Resources
Research Center.
Some Statistical Analyses of Hawaiian Rain-
fall
Technical rept. 1 Jul 70-30 Jun 71
Edmond D. H. Cheng, and L. Stephen Lau. Aug
73, 64pTR-72, OWRR-A-029-HI(1)
Contract DI-14-01-0001-3011
Descriptors: 'Rainfall, 'Watersheds, 'Hawaii,
Rainfall intensity, Regression analysis,
Precipitation(Meteorology), Seasonal varia-
tions, Correlation techniques, Stability, Rain
gages, Oahu Island, Computer programs, FOR-
TRAN.
Monthly rainfall data of several stations in Kalihi
Basin, Manoa Basin, and Kaneohe Area, all on
Oahu, and the central sloping area of Molokai
were correlated to watershed parameters of the
areas. Distance measured from the station to a
common station located seaward from all sta-
tions has proven to be the most important of the
three parameters studied, the other two being
the exposure and the elevation of the area. Both
linear and nonlinear regression functions were
developed. The central tendency of the monthly
rainfall for the high rainfall part of the
southeastern part of the Island of Oahu was
found to require approximately forty years of
record to stabilize. The intensity-duration rela-
tion of intense rain for specified recurrence in-
terval for the high rainfall part of the Manoa
Basin portrays accurately an inverse straight-
line relationship on a plot of log-log coor-
dinates, suggesting extension of effort to other
climatically widely different regions in Hawaii.
PB-236 902/3CP PC A03/MF A01
Geological Survey, Tacoma, Wash. Water
Resources Div.
Direct Beam Solar Radiation. A Digital Com-
puter program
Lowell A. Rasmussen. Oct 74, 47p Rept no.
USGS/WRD-74-036
Descriptors: 'Solar radiation, 'Transmissivity,
'Computer programs, Atmospheric refraction,
FORTRAN.
A digital computer program is described that
provides bihourly direct beam solar radiation
64
values (langleys/minute) and daily totals
(langleys) for one or more sites anywhere on
the Earth, for one or more days of the year, for
eight different atmospheric transmissivity
values. The site may have arbitrary elevation
above sea level, and the horizon may be ar-
bitrarily modified topographically; the plane of
the site may have arbitrary inclination from the
horizontal, including vertical. The program
gives the (true solar) times of sunrise and sun-
set, as well as of the beginning and conclusion
of other topographic obstructions of the Sun.
Care has been taken in the FORTRAN coding to
enhance the ease of installation of the program
on the widest possible selection of computers,
both existing and anticipated, of the prepara-
tion of input data and the use of the output
data, and of possible modification of the pro-
gram to serve specialized purposes.
PB-238 948/4CP PC A09/MF A01
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, III. Dept. of Civil
Engineering.
A Stochastic Rainfall Model and Statistical
Analysis of Hydrologic Factors
Final rept. Apr 73-Sep 74
Ross B. Corotis. Dec 74, 188p* Rept no. NUCE-
ST74-15
Grant NSF-GK-37442
Descriptors: "Thunderstorms, 'Rainfall, 'Flood
forecasting, Surface water runoff, Mathemati-
cal models, Stochastic processes, Probability
theory, Floods, Statistical decision theory,
Watersheds, Computerized simulation, Regres-
sion analysis, Damage, Urban areas, Stream
flow, Reviews.
Identifiers: STORM computer program.
The observed behavior of thunderstorm-type
activity is used to formulate a multidimensional
stochastic model for runoff-producing rainfall.
In Part 1 of this report the physical model of ob-
served activity is used to describe the thun-
derstorm process, and probability distributions
are assigned to all random variables. This
model follows the hourly development of
storms in terms of thunderstorm clouds and
rainfall-producing convective cells. The
process is programmed, and use of the model
illustrated. Part 2 approaches several different
theoretical aspects associated with rainfall and
runoff. A somewhat simplified thunderstorm
model is used to derive a probability distribu-
tion for instantaneous rainfall, and several
statistical relations are considered briefly.
There is a state-of-the-art report on the effect of
urbanization on both rainfall and runoff, and a
statistical regression analysis relating flood
damage to characteristics of the watershed
basin, precipitation data, and streamflow data.
Finally, the use of statistical decision theory
analysis is illustrated.
PB-239 268/6CP PC A06/MF A01
Kentucky Water Resources Inst., Lexington.
Stochastic Simulation of Daily Rainfall
Research rept. Jul 72-Jun 74
David M. Allen, C. T. Haan, Don Linton, Jim
Street, and David Jordan. Jan 75, 1 21 p RR-82,
OWRT-A-045-KY(1)
Contract DI-14-31-0001-381 7, DI-14-31-0001-
4017
Descriptors: 'Rainfall, 'Water supply,
'Kentucky, Stochastic processes, Markov
chains. Probability theory, Estimates, Mathe-
matical models, Precipitation(Meteorology),
Design, Computerized simulation, Computer
programs.
The design of many water resources projects
requires knowledge of possible long-term rain-
fall patterns. A stochastic model based on a first
order Markov chain was developed to simulate
daily rainfall at a point. The model is applicable
to any point in Kentucky (and other areas with
similar rainfall patterns). The model in its
present form is useful in providing rainfall in-
puts into hydrologic models for designing
water supply facilities and other water
resources systems. The model uses historical
rainfall data to estimate the Markov transitional
probabilities. A separate matrix is estimated for
each month of the year. In this report 7x7
transitional probability matrices were used. The
model is capable of simulating a daily rainfall
record of any length based on the estimated
transitional probabilities and frequency dis-
tributions of rainfall amounts within each class
interval. The simulated data have statistical pro-
perties similar to historical data.
PB-239 797/4CP PC A10/MF A01
Massachusetts Inst, of Tech., Cambridge. Ralph
M. Parsons Lab. for Water Resources and
Hydrodynamics.
Bidimensional Spectral Analysis of Rainfall
Events
Alonso E. Rhenals-Figueredo, Ignacio
Rodriguez-lturbe, and John C. Schaake, Jr. Nov
74,217p 193, R-74-59,OWRT-C-411 8(9021 )(8)
Contract DI-1 4-31-0001-9021 , Grant NOAA-4-
36738
Descriptors: 'Rainfall, 'Storms, Patterns,
Stochastic processes. Mathematical models.
Interpolation, Spatial distribution, Fourier anal-
ysis, Correlation techniques, Computer pro-
grams, Autocorrelation, Harmonic analysis,
Theses.
Total storm depths over a given area are as-
sumed to be composed of a regional com-
ponent, explaining the large-scale variations of
rainfall, and a local component, explaining the
small-scale variations. In order to study the
characteristics of the regional component, a
number of storms over a given area are
analyzed. For each storm, a double Fourier
analysis of the total storm depths is performed,
and the principal harmonics of the storm are
determined. This analysis is aimed to in-
vestigate whether or not there exists a per-
sistent pattern in total storm depths over a
given area. The local component, or storm
residuals, is obtained by subtracting the
periodic component of the storm from the total
storm depths. It is assumed that the residuals of
each storm are a sample function of a
homogeneous random field, which, in princi-
ple, may be different for each storm. The analy-
sis of the storm residuals has illustrated a
methodology for the statistical analysis of areal
rainfall data and the characterization of
homogeneous isotropic random fields.
PB-239 944/2CP PC A04/MF A01
National Environmental Research Center,
Research Triangle Park, N.C. Meteorology Lab.
User's Guide for Hiway. A Highway Air Pollu-
tion Model
Final rept.
John R. Zimmerman, and Roger S. Thompson.
Feb 75, 68p* Rept no. EPA/650/4-74-008
Descriptors: 'Highway transportation, 'Air pol-
lution, 'Atmospheric motion, Highways, Mathe-
matical models, Computerized simulation,
Wind(Meteorology), Turbulent diffusion. Com-
puter programs, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: 'HIWAY Computer program.
A computer model, called HIWAY, that can be
used for estimating the concentrations of non-
reactive pollutants from highway traffic is
described. This steady-state Gaussian model
can be applied to determine air pollution con-
centrations at receptor locations downwind of
at-grade and cut-section highways located in
relatively uncomplicated terrain. The air pollu-
tion concentration representative of hourly
averaging times at a downwind receptor loca-
tion is found by a numerical integration along
the length of each lane and a summing of the
contributions from each lane. With the excep-
tion of receptors directly on the highway or
within the cut, the model is applicable for any
wind direction, highway orientation, and recep-
tor location. The model was developed for
situations in which horizontal wind flow occurs.
The model cannot consider complex terrain or
large obstructions to the flow such as buildings
or large trees. An interactive version of the
computer model is available on Environmental
Protection Agency's Users' Network for Applied
Modeling of Air Pollution (UNAMAP).
PB-240 273/3CP CP T01
National Environmental Research Center,
Research Triangle Park, N.C. Meteorology Lab.
User's Network for Applied Modeling of Air
Pollution (UNAMAP) Version 2
Models-Simulation
D. B. Turner, and Adrian Busse. 29 Nov 74, 1
reel mag tape EPA/DF-74/038
Specify tape recording mode desired: 9 track,
800 or 1600 bpi, odd parity, EBCDIC; or 7 track,
556 or800 bpi, odd oreven parity, BCD.
Descriptors: 'Models-simulation, 'Air pollution,
'Atmospheric diffusion, 'Highway transporta-
tion. Mathematical models, Magnetic tapes,
FORTRAN.
Identifiers: 'HIWAY computer program.
This single reel of magnetic tape contains 2
files relevant to VERSION 2 changes to the
UNAMAP air quality models. The first file con-
tains all of the source code affected by the VER-
SION 2 changes, in a partitioned or element-file
format. Batch versions of all models were in-
cluded and the HIWAY Model was entirely
replaced. File 2 is sample test data for the batch
versions. Manuals are available for APRAC and
CDM. Accession Numbers for the publications
are PB-21 3-091 and PB-227-346-AS, respec-
tively. Manuals for HIWAY and the three point
source models are available in draft form and
should be published early 1975. The FORTRAN
Source code is largely self-documenting and
should be machine independent in most cases.
Tape recording mode is 9-track, 800 frames per
inch. EBCDIC code, odd parity. Physical
records each contain 10 logical records (i.e.,
10-card images per block). Tape can be copied
to 7-track without loss of data.
PB-243 508/9CP PC A03/MF A01
Hawaii Univ., Honolulu. Water Resources
Research Center.
Methodological Approaches in Hawaiian Fog
Research
Technical rept.
James H.McKnight, and James O.Juvik. Mar
75, 40p TR-85, O WRT-A-041-HI(1 )
Contract DI-14-31-0001-401 1
Descriptors: 'Fog, 'Precipitation(Meteorology),
'Hawaii, Moisture content, Hygrometers. Moun-
tains, Particle size, Estimating, Networks,
Mathematical models, Rainfall, Sampling,
Meteorological instruments,
Wind(Meteorology), Computer programs, Spa-
tial distribution.
Recent studies have demonstrated the impor-
tant moisture contribution from fog precipita-
tion and mountain areas on the island of
Hawaii. Research methodologies useful in the
study of Hawaiian upslope fog, were in-
vestigated, including; (1) Development of an
improved fog gage; (2) development of indirect
approximation methods for estimating average
droplet sizes during precipitation episodes and
separating fog and rainfall components; (3)
establishment of an extensive fog sampling net-
work on the island of Hawaii employing con-
tinuous recording equipment, for both rain, fog,
and wind; (4) development of an original com-
puter program for detailed temporal and spatial
analysis of rain, fog, and wind parameters.
65
PB-244 760/5CP PC A03/MF A01
Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Au-
burn.
Scheduling and Application Rates of Irriga-
tion in Humid Climate
C. D. Busch, and E. W. Rochester. Jun 75, 39p
Bull 470, OWRT-A-025-ALA(3)
Descriptors: 'Irrigation, 'Humidity, 'Arid land,
Weather forecasting, Scheduling, Mathematical
models. Soil water, Probability theory, Cotton
plants, Production, Rainfall, Field tests. Com-
puter programs, Alabama.
Identifiers: Water demand. Water utilization.
A four-year study of two irrigation scheduling
methods and application rates was conducted
to determine more efficient uses of supplemen-
tal water in a humid climate. One model based
the decision to irrigate on weather forecast and
soil moisture conditions; the other, irrigation by
demand, based on soil moisture conditions
only. Two application rates of 0.13 in/hr (low)
and 0.43 or 0.7 in/hr (high) were used. A com-
puter program was developed to calculate soil
moisture and predict irrigation needs in the
forecast scheduling model. A 0.5 probability of
rainfall greater than 0.5 inch was the lower limit.
The weather forecast also provided the basis of
deciding how much rainfall would be included
in the soil moisture balance. The method of ir-
rigation by demand improved production 160
lbs. of seed cotton per acre for each inch of
water applied. Simulation studies following the
field experiment supported the results of the
field study.
PB-249 913/5CP PC A13/MF A01
Health Effects Research Lab., Research Trian-
gle Park, N.C.
Annual Catalyst Research Program Report.
Appendices. Volume VII
Annual program status rept. Jan-Sep 74.
Sep 75, 281 p Rept no. EPA/600/3-75/010h
See also PB-249 908.
Descriptors: 'Automobiles, 'Air pollution con-
trol, 'Air pollution, 'Atmospheric chemistry,
'Toxicology, 'Exhaust emissions. Mathematical
models, Gas analysis. Sulfuric acid, Sulfates,
Smog, Catalysts, Aerosols, Highway transporta-
tion, Fuels, Palladium, Platinum, Computer pro-
grams, Atmospheric motion.
Identifiers: 'Air pollution effects(Humans),
HIWAY computer program, Smog chambers,
Automobile exhaust, Saint Louis(Missouri), Los
Angeles(California).
Contents:
Inhalation toxicology;
Meteorological modelling;
Atmospheric chemistry.
PB-251 066/7CP PC A07/MF A01
JRB Associates, Inc., La Jolla, Calif.
A Methodology for Treating Large Localized
Emissions of Reactive Pollutants
Final rept.
A. J. Fabrick, P. I. Nakayame, and E.J.
Fredricksen. Feb 74, 136p EPA/650/4-74/006
Contract EPA-68-02-1238
Descriptors: 'Computerized simulation, 'Air
pollution, 'Atmospheric diffusion, Boundary
layer, Dispersions, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Plumes, Particles,
Photochemical reactions, Transport properties,
Mathematical models, Computer programs,
Nitrogen oxides, Navier-Stokes equations, Nu-
merical integration.
Identifiers: Gaussian plume model, 'VARMINT
computer program.
This report presents the results of a study to
develop a numerical model to accurately calcu-
late the trajectories and concentrations of reac-
tive pollutants emitted from localized sources.
The numerical model employs the solution of
the full three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equa-
tions along with the solution of the species den-
sity equation by summing over Lagrangian
mass points. The mass points are transported
by the mean wind field and moved with a ran-
dom walk technique that simulates the turbu-
lent diffusion. The effect of chemical reactions
are modeled by reweighing the Lagrangian
mass points. The equations are solved for re-
gions of space where terrain features or
buildings may cause strong distortions in the
flow field. The numerical techniques are
verified by comparisons with analytic formulas,
including the boundary layer above a plate and
the Gaussian plume. The method was used to
calculate photochemically reacting plumes
using a simplified inorganic photochemical
reaction model. Portions of this document are
not fully legible.
PB-251 138/4CP PC A08/MF A01
Jet Propulsion Lab., Pasadena, Calif.
Wind Field and Trajectory Models for Tor-
nado-Propelled Objects
Technical rept.
G. Redmann, J. Radbill, J. Marte, P.
Dergarabedian, and F. Fendell. Feb 76, 166p
EPRI-308-1
Descriptors: 'Tornadoes, Mathematical models,
Aerodynamic characteristics, Boundary layer
flow, Tropical cyclones, Dynamics, Trajectories,
Vortices, Computerized simulation, Degrees of
freedom, Tumbling, Computer programs,
Nuclear power plants, Safety engineering.
Identifiers: Six degrees of freedom.
As part of a research program to develop a
mathematical model to bound the impact
characteristics of tornado-propelled objects
based on verifiable experimental data, this
phase consists of the following tasks: (1) Define
the worst-case tornado and its associated wind
field; (2) survey the availability of aerodynamic
coefficients for the postulated missiles; (3)
develop a model which will evaluate the sen-
sitivity of the preimpact characteristics to un-
certainties in the aerodynamic data; (4) identify
significant areas requiring additional research.
This report presents in great detail the physical
characteristics, conditions, and mathematical
formulations upon which the worst-case tor-
nado, its associated wind field and the trajecto-
ry model are based.
PB-251 703/5CP PC A10/MF A01
Environmental Research and Technology, Inc.,
Westlake Village, Calif. Western Technical
Center.
Design of the Sulfate Regional Experiment
(SURE). Volume III: Appendices
Final rept.
Feb 76, 216p EPRI/EC-125-Vol-3
Paper copy also available in set of 4 reports as
PB-251 700-SET, PC E99.
Descriptors: 'Sulfur oxides, 'Sulfates,
'Nitrogen oxides, Laboratory equipment, Re-
gions, Particles, Atmospheric chemistry, United
States, Combustion products, Fossil fuels,
Electric power plants, Tables(Data), Chemical
analysis, Computer programs, Air filters,
Aerometers, Fossil fuel power plants.
Identifiers: 'Sulfate regional experiment, 'Air
pollution standards, 'Air quality data.
This planning study - Design of the Sulfate Re-
gional Experiment (SURE) - was conducted on
project RP 485 to determine ways of predicting
the impact of emissions from fossil fuel com-
bustion by the electric utilities industry on am-
bient sulfate, nitrate and related concentrations
in a large region downwind of groups of major
sources. The end goal of the analysis and in-
terpretation of seven specific hypotheses is the
adoption and verification of an air quality model
which will be used to investigate the relation
between sulfur oxide emissions and ambient
sulfate concentrations, and, to a lesser extent,
the relation between NOx emissions and am-
bient nitrate. The results are presented in four
volumes. This report (volume 3) is a compilation
of technical appendices. Topics considered in-
clude the following: Description and evaluation
of laboratory analytical procedures; Archive of
aerometric data; Inventory of sulfur dioxide
emissions; Sulfate measurement technology;
and, User's manual to the air trajectory box
model.
PB-252 385/OCP PC A03/MF A01
Texas A and M Univ., College Station. Dept. of
Aerospace Engineering.
Load Introduction into Pressurized Films
Final rept.
James L. Rand. Dec 75, 50p Rept no. TAMRF-
921-7501
Contract NCAR-1-73
Descriptors: 'Meteorological balloons, 'Stress
analysis, Loads(Forces), Stress concentration,
Polymeric films. Computer programs, FOR-
TRAN.
This report presents a numerical method for
predicting the distribution of stresses in a su-
perpressure balloon system manufactured from
a homogeneous, isotropic, elastic film suffi-
ciently pressurized to prevent geometric insta-
bilities. A computational model of the problem
was established in the area of load attachment
by considering a rectangular region subjected
only to an in-plane load at the corner and
neglecting any effects of curvature. The grid
size is sufficient to obtain detailed stress dis-
tributions in and around seams and load
patches. Results are presented for two particu-
lar load patches as well as the stresses as-
sociated with three different seam to film stiff-
ness ratios. As expected the results indicated
the most highly stressed region to be in the
vicinity of load introduction. The magnitude of
these stresses is acceptable but dependent on
the payload being supported uniformly by all
load lines. The results also indicate that some
load is retained in the seam, the amount depen-
dent on the ratio of seam to film stiffness.
PB-252 558/2CP PC A07/MF A01
Environmental Research and Technology, Inc.,
Concord, Mass.
Adaptation of Gaussian Plume Model to In-
corporate Multiple Station Data Input. Volume
II. Appendices
Final rept.
Harvey S. Rosenblum, Bruce A. Egan, Claire S.
Ingersoll, and Michael J. Keefe. Jun 75, 135p
ERT-P-1121-VOI-2, EPA/600/3-75/003b
Contract EPA-68-02-1753
See also Volume 1 , PB-252 557.
Descriptors: 'Computer programs, 'Air pollu-
tion, 'Mathematical models, Revisions, Air pol-
lution control, Improvement, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Atmospheric chemistry,
Dispersions, Exhaust emissions, Combustion
products, Wind velocity, Numerical analysis,
Plumes, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: 'Gaussian plume models, Air quali-
ty, Climatological dispersion model, Real time
air quality simulation model, Sampled
chronological input model, Nonpoint sources,
Point sources, FORTRAN 4 programming lan-
guage.
EPA urban dispersion models were modified to
consider multiple station information on wind
speed and direction. Three models were
modified: the Real-Time Air-Quality-Simulation
Model (RAM) and the Sampled-Chronological
Input Model (SCIM), both short-term averaging
models, and the Climatological Dispersion
Model (CDM), a long term averaging model.
This report contains the appendices and com-
puter program listings.
66
PB-2S3 205/9CP PC A04/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Air Resources Lab.
Wind Energy Flux Calculated from Idaho Na-
tional Engineering Laboratory (INEL) Sensor
Network Data
Technical memo.
John H. Cate, and Robert G. Nisle. Jul 75, 61p
NOAA-TM-ERL-ARL-54, NOAA-76030502
Descriptors: 'Wind(Meteorology), 'Wind
velocity, Flux(Rate), Anemometers, Telemeter-
ing data, Data processing, Computer programs,
Tables(Data), Computation, Idaho.
Identifiers: Aquilla project.
Computer programs to calculate root mean
cube of windspeed, developed for Project
Aquilla, are presented with details of their use.
Data from the Idaho National Engineering
Laboratory (INEL) wind sensing network for
1968 through 1970 and 1972 through April 1975
serve as input. From these data, the programs
calculate the available energy flux for the upper
Snake River plain.
PB-256 651/1CP PC A08/MF A01
IBM Research Lab., San Jose, Calif.
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simula-
tion Model with Compatible RAPS Data.
Volume I
Final rept. 1 Jul 74-30 May 75
C.C. Shir, and L. J. Shieh. May 75, 152pEPA-
600/4-75/005-a
Contract EPA-68-02-1833
See also Volume 2, PB-256 652.
Descriptors: 'Urban areas, 'Mathematical
models, 'Sulfur dioxide, 'Atmospheric diffu-
sion, 'Air pollution, Sulfur oxides, Computer
programming, Computer simulation, Concen-
tration(Composition), Numerical analysis, Wind
velocity, Urban area, FORTRAN, Exhaust emis-
sions, Combustion products, Missouri.
Identifiers: 'Saint Louis(Missouri), Point
sources, Nonpoint sources, Fortran 4 pro-
gramming language, Regional Air Monitoring
System, 'IBMAQ-2 computer program.
An advanced generalized urban air quality
model (IBMAQ-2) is developed based on the
theory utilized in an existing model (IBMAQ-1)
as prescribed in Ref. 1. The model, based on
numerical integration of the concentration
equation, computes temporal and three-dimen-
sional spatial concentration distributions
resulting from specified urban point and area
sources by using NEDS (National Emission
Data System) and simulated RAMS (Regional
Air Monitoring System) data. The UTM
(Universal Transverse Metric) coordinates are
used in all geographical, source emission, and
monitoring data. A new method to incorporate
point sources into the grid computtion is
developed by using a Lagrange trajectory
method. Many model options are provided
which enable users to study conveniently the
significant effects which these options have on
the final concentration distributions. The pro-
gram description is included to provide a guide
for users. The program is constructed in a
modular form which allows users to change or
improve each component conveniently. The
input auxiliary model, which processes geo-
graphical, source emission, and monitoring
data, is also included.
PB-256 652/9CP PC A09/MF A01
IBM Research Lab., San Jose, Calif.
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simula-
tion Model with Compatible RAPS Data.
Volume II
Final rept. 1 Jul 74-30 May 75
C. C. Shir, and L.J. Shieh. May 75, 186p EPA-
600/4-75/005-b
Contract EPA-68-02-1833
See also Volume 1 , PB-256 651 .
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Mathematical
models, 'Sulfur dioxide, 'Urban areas,
'Atmospheric diffusion, 'Computer programs,
FORTRAN, Atmospheric diffusion models,
Urban area, Concentration(Composition).
Identifiers: 'Saint Louis(Missouri), Regional Air
Monitoring System, 'IBMAQ-2 computer pro-
gram.
Contents:
Main Program Listing;
Auxiliary Program Listing;
Input Data Listing;
Output Samples;
Report of IBMAQ-1;
Finite Difference Scheme for the Horizontal
Advection Terms of the Concentration
Equation.
PB-257 376/4CP PC A03/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Wave Propagation Lab.
A Stellar Scintillometer for Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
Technical memo.
G. R. Ochs, Ting-i Wang, and F. Merrem. Apr 76,
26p Rept no. NOAA-TM-ERL-WPL-15
Contract F30602-74-0108
Descriptors: 'Extraterrestrial atmospheres,
'Optical measuring instruments, Atmospheric
attenuation, Light transmission, Optical detec-
tors. Refractive index. Remote sensing, Com-
puter programs, BASIC programming lan-
guage.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric transmissivity. Optical
spatial filters, 'Stellar scintillometers.
An optical system for measuring refractive-tur-
bulence profiles in the atmosphere is
described. The instrument measures the profile
along the light path to a star by analyzing the
scintillation of the star by the atmosphere. The
circuit diagram, computer program, and
operating instructions for the instrument are in-
cluded.
PB-257 527/2CP PC A14/MF A01
Systems Applications, Inc., San Rafael, Calif.
Continued Research in Mesoscale Air Pollu-
tion Simulation Modeling: Volume II. Refine-
ments in the Treatment of Chemistry,
Meteorology, and Numerical Integration
Procedures
Final rept. Jun 74-Jun 75
S. D. Reynolds, J. Ames, T. A. Hecht, J. P. Meyer,
and D. C. Whitney. May 76, 303p SAI/EF75-69,
EPA/600/4-76/01 6b
Contract EPA-68-02-1237
Also available in set of 4 reports as PB-257 525-
SET, PC E99/MFE99.
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Atmospheric
models, 'Computerized simulation. Computer
programs, Reaction kinetics, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Mathematical models, Nu-
merical analysis. Carbon monoxide, Nitrogen
oxides. Sensitivity, Photochemical reactions,
Physical properties, Chemical properties,
Urban areas, Assessments, Modifications, Dif-
fusion, Wind velocity, Smog, Los Angeles
Basin, California, FORTRAN.
Identifiers: Chemical reaction mechanisms,
'Airshed models, Grid model, MODKIN com-
puter program.
This report describes the refinement of a
mesoscale photochemical air quality simulation
model through studies of selected chemical
and meteorological phenomena that contribute
to air pollution. The chemistry activities
focused on the design of an automatic com-
puter program for evaluating kinetic
mechanisms, the improvement of a
photochemical mechanism for incorporation in
mesoscale models, and the development of a
chemical mechanism for describing S02 oxida-
tion. The meteorology studies examined the
sensitivity of the model to the inclusion of wind
shear, algorithms for deriving mass-consistent
wind fields, and the treatment of turbulent dif-
fusivities and elevated inversion layers. Alterna-
tive numerical techniques for solving the ad-
vection/diffusion equation in grid models are
evaluated, including various finite difference,
particle-in-cell, and finite element methods, in
an attempt to find a suitable methodology for
accurately calculating the horizontal transport
of pollutants. Finally, the report considers the
problem of multiday model usage and presents
results from a two-day CO simulation for the
Los Angeles basin.
PB-257 528/OCP PC A11/MF A01
Systems Applications, Inc., San Rafael, Calif.
Continued Research in Mesoscala Air Pollu-
tion Simulation Modeling: Volume III. Model-
ing of Micsoscale Pheonoena
Final rept. Jun 74-Jun 75
R. G. Lamb. May 76. 245p SAI/EF75-25,
EPA/600/4-76/016C
Contract EPA/68-02-1237
Also available in set of 4 reports as PB-257 525-
SET, PCE99/MF E99.
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Atmospheric
models, 'Computerized simulation, Com-
bustion products. Atmospheric circulation.
Concentration^ om position), Mathematical
models, Numerical analysis, Carbon monoxide.
Nitrogen oxides, Sensitivity, Photochemical
reactions, Physical properties, Chemical pro-
perties, Urban areas, Assessments, Modifica-
tions, Diffusion, Wind velocity, Turbulence,
Reaction kinetics, Plumes, Forecasting, Com-
puter programs, FORTRAN, Industrial wastes.
Identifiers: 'Airshed models, Grid model.
This report develops mathematical techniques
that influence the development of urban air pol-
lution but are not resolvable by grid networks
used in airshed simulation models. These
phenomena include turbulence-generated
fluxes of pollutants, turbulence-induced fluc-
tuations in the contaminant concentrations,
and subgrid-scale variations in the mean con-
centration distribution. In addition, the report
examines the problem of resolving the spatial
details that exist in the mean concentration
fields in the vicinity of point and line sources.
The analysis concludes with a discussion of the
problem of accounting for pollutant dispersion
effects caused by buoyancy forces in hot stack
exhausts.
PB-258 821/8CP PC A10/MF A01
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder, Colo.
Physical Mechanisms Responsible for the
Major Synoptic Systems in the Eastern
Canadian Arctic in the Winter and Summer of
1973
Doctoral thesis
Ellsworth Frank LdDrew. 1976, 220p Rept no.
NCAR-CT-38
Contract NSF-C760
Sponsored in part by Colorado Univ., Boulder.
Descriptors: 'Synoptic meteorology, 'Cyclones,
'Arctic regions, 'Canada, Atmospheric models,
Vorticity, Advection, Mountains, Winter,
Summer, Mathematical models. Atmospheric
circulation, Eigenvectors, Theses, Latent heat.
Enthalpy, Thickness, Heat flux. Surfaces, Fric-
tion, Computer programs, FORTRAN.
In this study the physical processes producing
the major centers of synoptic activity in the
eastern Canadian Arctic are examined. The
author chose the total vertical velocity at 85
centibars as an indicator of the intensity of the
synoptic activity. A diagnostic 3-D atmospheric
model from which the total vertical velocity
from 6 physical processes may be computed is
designed and validated. These processes are:
the differential advection of vorticity, the
67
thickness advection, the release of latent heat,
the effects of the surface enthalpy flux, and the
influence of friction and orography at the sur-
face. By partitionment of this diagnostic model
(the omega equation) into the component verti-
cal velocities the magnitude and relative im-
portance of each process may be determined.
The significance of each physical mechanism is
examined at 48 h intervals throughout the his-
tory of a mid-latitude depression system which
enters the region as a developing cyclone on
July 13, 1973 and leaves on July 22 as a stag-
nant vortex.
PB-259 719/3CP PC A08/MF A01
Alaska Univ., College. Inst, of Water Resources.
User's Guide for Atmospheric Carbon Monox-
ide Transport Model
Final rept.
Robert F. Carlson, and William R. Norton. Jun
76, 160p IWR-76, FHWA/AK-76-IWR76
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Carbon monoxide,
'Transport properties, 'Computerized simula-
tion, 'Atmospheric motion. Mathematical
models, Finite element analysis, Programming
manuals, FORTRAN, Alaska, Temperature in-
versions.
Identifiers: 'ACOSP computer program, Fair-
banks(Alaska).
In the winter months of Fairbanks, Alaska, a
highly stable air temperature inversion creates
high levels of carbon monoxide (CO) concen-
trations. As an aid to understanding this
problem, a CO transport computer model has
been created which provides a useful tool when
used in conjunction with other measurement
and analytic studies of traffic, meteorology,
emissions control, zoning, and parking
management. The model is completely docu-
mented and illustrated with several examples.
Named ACOSP (Atmospheric CO Simulation
Program), it predicts expected CO concentra-
tions within a specific geographic area for a
defined set of CO sources. At the present time,
the model is programmed to consider automo-
bile emissions as the major CO source and may
include estimates of stationary sources. The
model is coded for computer solution in the
FORTRAN programming language and uses the
finite-element method of numerical solution of
the basic convective-diffusion equations.
Although it has a potential for real-time analysis
and control, at the present time the model will
be most valuable for investigating and un-
derstanding the physical processes which are
responsible for high CO levels and for testing
remedial control measures at high speed and
low cost.
PB-259 971/OCP PC A04/MF A01
Corvallis Environmental Research Lab., Oreg.
Assessment and Criteria Development Div.
Cooling Tower Plume Model
Lawrence D. Winiarski, and Walter E. Frick. Sep
76, 72p Rept no. EPA/600/3-76/100
Descriptors: 'Cooling towers, 'Plumes,
'Computerized simulation, 'Mathematical
models, Atmospheric diffusion, Wind, Com-
puter programs, Drag, Air entrain ment.
A review of recently reported cooling tower
plume models yields none that is universally ac-
cepted. The entrainment and drag mechanisms
and the effect of moisture on the plume trajec-
tory are phenomena which are treated dif-
ferently by various investigators. In order to
better understand these phenomena, a simple
numerical scheme is developed which can
readily be used to evaluate different entrain-
ment and drag assumptions. Preliminary results
indicate that in moderate winds most of the en-
trainment due to wind can be accounted for by
the direct impingement of the wind on the
plume path. Initially, the pressure difference
across the plume is found to produce a sub-
stantial drag force. Thus, it is likely that a cer-
tain portion of the plume bending is due to
these pressure forces, and artificially increas-
ing wind entrainment to fit experimental data is
unnecessary.
PB-261 144/OCP PC A16/MF A01
Wiggins (J. H.) Co., Redondo Beach, Calif.
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume I: Technical Report
Final rept.
John H. Wiggins, Gary C. Hart, T. K. Hasselman,
and Richard W. White. 14 Dec 73, 353p TR-73-
35773, NBS-GCR-75-36
Contract NBS-3-35773
See also Volume 2, PB-261 145.
Descriptors: 'Buildings, 'Earthquakes,
'Hurricanes, 'Tornadoes, Damage assessment,
Wind pressure, Earthquake resistant structures.
Dynamic structural analysis, Structural en-
gineering, Hazards.
Identifiers: 'Natural disasters, 'Risk analysis,
'Computer program documentation,
'Earthquake engineering.
A methodology is presented for evaluation of
existing buildings to determine the risk to life
safety from natural disasters and to estimate
the amount of expected damage. Damage to
both structural and non-structural building
components resulting from the extreme en-
vironments produced by earthquakes, hur-
ricanes, and tornados is considered. The
methodology is capable of treating a large class
of structural types including braced and un-
braced steel frames, concrete frames with and
without shear walls, bearing wall structures,
and long-span roof structures. The procedure
for the methodology is based on a computer
analysis of the entire structure and is based on
the current state-of-the-art. Numerical exam-
ples illustrating applications of the procedure
are included. (Portions of this document are not
fully legible.)
PB-261 145/7CP PC A06/MF A01
Wiggins (J. H.) Co., Redondo Beach, Calif.
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume II: Computer Program
User's Manual
Final rept.
T. K. Hasselman, Richard W. White, and Gregg
Brandow. 1 4 Dec 73, 1 1 2p TR-73-35773, NBS-
GCR-75-37
Contract NBS-3-35773
See also Volume 1, PB-261 144.
Descriptors: 'Buildings, 'Earthquakes,
'Hurricanes, 'Tornadoes, Damage assessment.
Wind pressure, Earthquake resistant structures,
Dynamic structural analysis, Structural en-
gineering, User needs.
Identifiers: • 'Natural disasters, 'Risk analysis,
'Computer program documentation,
'Earthquake engineering.
A methodology is presented for evaluation of
existing buildings to determine the risk to life
safety from natural disasters and to estimate
the amount of expected damage. Damage to
both structural and non-structural building
components resulting from the extreme en-
vironments produced by earthquakes, hur-
ricanes, and tornados is considered. The
methodology is capable of treating a large class
of structural types including braced and un-
braced steel frames, concrete frames with and
without shear walls, bearing wall structures,
and long-span roof structures. The procedures
for the methodology is based on a computer
analysis of the entire structure and is based on
the current state-of-the-art. Numerical exam-
ples illustrating applications of the procedures
are included. (Portions of this document are not
fully legible.)
PB-261 178/8CP PC A14/MF A01
Northwestern Univ., Evanston, III. Dept. of Civil
Engineering.
Stochastic Modelling of Site Wind Charac-
teristics
Final rept. Jan 75-Sep 76
Ross B. Corotis. Nov 76, 31 1 p ERDA/NSF-
00357/76/1
Grant NSF-AER75-00357
Descriptors: 'Wind velocity, 'Wind power, Data
acquisition, Periodic variations, Autocorrela-
tion, Confidence limits, Stochastic processes.
Mathematical models, Computerized simula-
tion. Computer programs, United States.
Identifiers: Midwest Region(United States),
Rocky Mountain Region(United States).
The economic feasibility of a wind energy con-
version system depends on an accurate assess-
ment of the wind characteristics at each site.
Statistical methods and probability models are
used to determine optimal evaluation
procedures for survey data. Several years of
hourly records from six Midwest sites and one
Rocky Mountain site provide a data base to
develop the models and procedures. (Portions
of this document are not fully legible.)
PB-263 498/8CP PC A07/MF A01
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder, Colo.
Efficient FORTRAN Subprograms for the
Solution of Elliptic Partial Differential Equa-
tions
Technical note
Paul Swarztrauber, and Roland Sweet. Jul 75,
147p Rept no. NCAR/TN-1090IA
Contract NSF-C760
Descriptors: 'Elliptic differential equations,
'Numerical integration, 'Computer pro-
gramming, Partial differential equations. At-
mospheric circulation, Mathematical models,
Computation, FORTRAN, Subroutines.
Identifiers: Helm holtz equation.
The numerical solution of elliptic partial dif-
ferential equations in computer models of at-
mospheric processes can be a formidable pro-
gramming task. But with recent advances in
computing methods, a very large class of ellip-
tic equations can be solved rapidly and with
minimal storage. This report describes seven
Fortran subroutines and contains an appendix
dealing with solutions of linear systems of
equations. Five subroutines solve a Helmholtz
equation in various coordinate systems; they
solve two-dimensional problems, but can be
adapted for use in three-dimensional problems.
The other two subroutines can solve a more
general class of equation.
PB-263 580/3CP PC A06/MF A01
Meteorology Research, Inc., Altadena, Calif.
M-33 Radar Modifications at Snyder, Texas
Final rept. Mar 75-Jun 76
R. E. Carbone, R . Schaff, and P. LeVier. 1 Sep
76, 114p Rept no. MRI76-FR-1445
Contract DI-14-06-D-7657
Descriptors: 'Meterological radar, Revisions,
Data acquisition, Storms, Radar echoes, Data
recording, Computer programs.
Extensive modifications were performed on M-
33 radar system for the purpose of performing
quantitative measurements of radar reflectivity
factor emanating from convective storms.
Digital scan auto control and digital data
acquisition systems were implemented
together with video time-lapse recording. A
central data acquisition/control facility was
created. Capabilities of the reconfigured
system include antenna-slaved dual-
wavelength measurements at 10 cm and 3 cm,
contoured range-normalized displays, and pro-
grammable scan sequencing. Recommenda-
68
tions for further development of the radar
system are made to ensure reliability and
develop tri-wavelength measurement capabili-
ty. (Portions of this document are not fully legi-
ble.)
PB-263 921/9CP PC A03/MF A01
California State Dept. of Transportation, Sacra-
mento. Transportation Lab.
Transportation Systems and Regional Air
Quality. An Approach and Computer Program
for Wind Flow Field Analysis
Interim rept.
James A. Racin, and Andrew J. Ranzieri. May
76, 50p CA-DOT-TL-71 69-4-76-38, 657169,
FHWA/CA-76/38
Descriptors: 'Air pollution,
'Wind(Meteorology), Mathematical models,
Simulation, Regional planning. Computer pro-
grams, Environmental surveys, Photochemical
reactions, Pattern recognition. Monitoring,
Data acquisition, Fortran.
Identifiers: 'Air quality maintenance, Flow
fields, Fortran 4 programming language.
Regional air quality studies and photochemical
simulation models require the description of
wind flow patterns for specific hours of various
meteorological regimes. An interdisciplinary
team that includes a meteorologist, and air pol-
lution modeler, an environmental planner, and
an air quality engineer can use plots of wind
vectors to design a network of wind monitoring
stations. Along with user instructions, input
forms, and a computer program, an approach
for conducting a wind flow field analysis is
presented.
PB-264 243/7CP PC A06/MF A01
Delaware Univ., Newark. Water Resources
Center.
Estimation of Areal Average Precipitation
Using Different Network Densities and
Averaging Techniques
Technical completion rept.
John R. Mather. Dec 75, 1 1 5p Contrib-22,
OWRT-A-029-DEL(1)
Also pub. as Publications in Climatology,
Volume XXVIII, No. 2, 1975, Thornthwaite (C.
W.) Associates, Elmer, N.J. Lab. of Climatology.
Descriptors: 'Precipitation(Mefeorology),
Weather stations, Periodic variations. Hydrolo-
gy, Estimating, Spatial distribution, Area, Ru-
noff, Tables(Data), Water storage, Mapping,
Watersheds, Computer programs. New Jersey.
Identifiers: SYMAP computer program.
A three-year record of monthly precipitation
from a 10-station National Weather Service net-
work, from a 27-station network operated by
Thornthwaite Associates, and from the com-
bined 37-station network located in a two-
county area in southern New Jersey was used
to: (1) Evaluate alternative network densities for
estimating precipitation for water resources
purposes; (2) evaluate several different
methods of estimating areal average precipita-
tion over a region; and (3) determine the relia-
bility of estimated patterns of precipitation as
network density changes. Only very small dif-
ferences in monthly areal average precipitation
were found using three different estimating
techniques— arithmetic averaging of station
values, weighting of point observations by con-
struction of Thiessen polygons, and by evalua-
tion of isohyetal patterns drawn by a SYMAP
computer program.
PB-264 562/OCP CP T04
Municipal Environmental Research Lab., Cin-
cinnati, Ohio. Wastewater Research Div.
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program
(SYNOP). Release No. 1
Software
Daniel Szumski, Dolloff F. Bishop, and Richard
G. Eilers. Dec 76, mag tape EPA/600/9-76/014a,
EPA/DF-77/002
Source tape is in EBCDIC character set. Tape(s)
can be prepared in most standard 7 or track
recording modes for one-half inch tape. Identify
recording mode desired by specifying
character set, track, density, and parity. Call
NTIS Computer Products if you have questions.
Price includes documentation, PB-264 563.
Descriptors: "Software, 'Water quality,
•Rainfall, Storms, Magnetic tapes, Statistical
analysis, Computation, Fortran.
Identifiers: *Synop computer program.
An integral part of the assessment of storm
loads on water quality is the statistical evalua-
tion of rainfall records. Hourly rainfall records
of many years duration are cumbersome and
difficult to analyze. The purpose of this rainfall
data analysis program is to provide the user
with a tool for summarizing and statistically
characterizing a rainfall record of interest using
U.S. Weather Bureau magnetic tapes. Statisti-
cal analysis of variables of interest (volume, du-
ration, intensity, and time between storms) are
given to determine seasonal trends which are of
importance in accessing impacts and selecting
control alternatives for storm related loads. The
program is written in the Fortran programming
language for implementation on an IBM 1130
computer using the DMS, version 2 operating
system. 32K bytes of core storage are required
to operate the model.
PB-264 563/8CP PC A06/MF A01
Hydroscience, Inc., Westwood, N.J.
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program
(SYNOP)
Final rept.
Jul 76, 115p EPA/DF-77/002a
Contract EPA-68-03-2428
For system on magnetic tape, see PB-264 562.
Descriptors: 'Water quality, 'Rainfall,
'Computer programs. Storms, Surface water
runoff, Statistical analysis. Computation, For-
tran, Tables(Data).
Identifiers: 'Synop computer program, IBM
1 130 computers.
An integral part of the assessment of storm
loads on water quality is the statistical evalua-
tion of rainfall records. Hourly rainfall records
of many years duration are cumbersome and
difficult to analyze. The purpose of this rainfall
data analysis program is to provide the user
with a tool for summarizing and statistically
characterizing a rainfall record of interest using
U.S. Weather Bureau magnetic tapes. Statisti-
cal analysis of variables of interest (volume, du-
ration, intensity, and time between storms) are
given to determine seasonal trends which are of
importance in accessing impacts and selecting
control alternatives for storm related loads.
PB-264 813/7CP PC A09/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Washington, D.C. Environmental Data Ser-
vice.
Separation of Mixed Data Sets into
Homogeneous Sets
Technical rept.
Harold L. Crutcher, and Raymond L. Joiner. Jan
77, 185 NOAA-TR-EDS-19, NOAA-77020701
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, 'Data
processing, 'Statistical analysis, Wind, At-
mospheric temperature, Dew point,
Radiosondes, Multivariate analysis, Clustering,
Factor analysis, Normal density functions.
Identifiers: Data sets, Normix computer pro-
gram.
The use of a clustering technique to separate
mixed data sets into subsets which exhibit
group characteristics is illustrated. The relative
importance of the subsets, and the nature of the
subsets are assessed, and an assumption is
made as to whether a particular subset is
biased, contaminated, or adulterated. That is,
an assessment of the quality of the data may be
made. The techniques are applicable to any
data set which is multivariate normal. Here, they
are applied to weather data subsets: (1) land-
sea breeze, (2) tropical stratospheric winds, (3)
mid-latitude tropospheric winds, (4) mountain
pass winds and temperatures, (5) surface
marine weather temperatures, dew points and
winds, and (6) radiosonde observation of
heights, winds, temperatures, and dew points.
PB-265 109/9CP PC A02/MF A01
Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment
Station, Fort Collins, Colo.
Computer Simulation of Snowmelt
Forest Service research paper
Rhey M. Solomon, Peter F. Ffolliott, Malchus B.
Baker, Jr, and J. R. Thompson. Oct 76, 14p
FSRP-RM-174, OWRT-A-042-ARIZ(13)
Prepared in cooperation with Arizona Univ.,
Tucson. School of Renewable Natural
Resources, Contract DI-14-31-0001-3803.
Descriptors: 'Snowmelt, 'Snowdrifts, Forest
land, Mathematical models, Atmospheric tem-
perature, Precipitation(Meteorology),
Watersheds, Runoff, Solar radiation, Compu-
terized simulation, Flow charting, Diffusion,
Heat transfer, Cloud cover, Subroutines,
Forecasting, Arizona.
Identifiers: 'Forest watersheds, SNOWMELT
computer program, CDC 6400 computers.
A modification of a previously developed com-
puter model of snowmelt provides for modeling
intermittent snowpacks, and is believed to be a
more generalized model than the original pro-
gram. The modified program SNOWMELT is de-
pendent on four daily input variables—max-
imum and minimum temperatures, precipita-
tion, and shortwave radiation or percent cloud
cover. Initializing the model requires limited
knowledge of local watershed and snowpack
parameters. Model verification on seven experi-
mental watersheds in Arizona proved satisfac-
tory.
PB-265 382/2CP PC A11/MF A01
Wisconsin Univ. -Milwaukee. Air Pollution Anal-
ysis Lab.
Mesoscale Air Pollution Transport in
Southeast Wisconsin
Final rept. 1972-1976
Walter A. Lyons. Feb 77, 238p EPA/600/4-
77/010
Grant EPA-R-800873
Descriptors: 'Lake Michigan, 'Sulfur dioxide,
'Air pollution, 'Atmospheric circulation, Disper-
sion, Coasts, Mathematical models,
Wind(Meteorology), Plumes, Climate, Com-
puter programming. Computations, Wisconsin,
Shores.
Identifiers: Milwaukee(Wisconsin), Glump com-
puter program, Mainline computer program.
This research program comprised a com-
prehensive study of mesoscale meteorological
regimes on the western shore of Lake Michigan
and their effect upon air pollution dispersion
and transport. It is felt that the results are ap-
plicable in a generic way to other mid-latitude
coastal zones. Continuous fumigation from
elevated sources in shoreline zones during sta-
ble daytime onshore flow was intensively in-
vestigated by a large scale field program. A
model was proposed, constructed, validated
and calibrated. It was shown that the fumiga-
tion spot, while causing very high surface S02
concentrations, was so highly mobile as to
generally reduce dosages below the three-hour
standard (at least for the plants studied). An in-
tensive case study of a lake breeze was per-
formed. Data were used as input to a Kinematic
69
Diagnostic Model (KDM) which simulated
mesoscale trajectories for pollutants released
within the coastal zone. Both mesoscale and
synoptic scale transport of photochemical oxi-
dants were found to be a significant problem in
the Milwaukee area.
PB-265 551/2CP PC A18/MF A01
National Bureau of Standards, Washington,
D.C. Center for Building Technology.
Hourly Solar Radiation Data for Vertical and
Horizontal Surfaces on Average Days in the
United States and Canada
Final building science series rept.
T. Kusuda, and K. Ishii Apr 77, 416p* Rept no.
NBS-BSS-96
Library of Congress Catalog Card no. 77-
608023.
Descriptors: "Solar radiation, United States,
Canada, Variations, Variability, Walls, Roofs,
Tables(Data), Computer programs.
This report outlines the technique that was
used to compute and tabulate the monthly
average incident radiation on an hourly basis
during the day for each month of the year, and
each of eight different vertical orientations. The
data was tabulated for 80 different locations in
the United States and Canada. An additional
parameter called sol-air temperature for glass
was also computed and tabulated for each of
the locations.
PB-265 727/8CP PC A05/MF A01
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder, Colo.
Comparison Between Dual-Wavelength
Radar Estimates and Ground Measurements
of Precipitation
Master's thesis
Sergio Reyes. 1977, 99p Rept no. NCAR-CT-41
Contract NSF-C760
Descriptors: "Precipitation (Meteorology),
"Measurement, Thunderstorms, Hail, At-
mospheric attenuation, Radar echoes.
Microwaves, Mathematical models. Estimates,
Computer programs.
In the radar method most widely used to locate
and measure precipitation within thun-
derstorms, a single radar measures the reflec-
tivity factor of the hydrometeors. This
technique is accurate only under certain cir-
cumstances, such as when the precipitation
consists of rain. But when hail is present and
the radar reflectivity factors due to rain and hail
are approximately equal, the results are inaccu-
rate. With a dual-wavelength X- and S-band
radar (XSR), X-band microwave attenuation is
determined and then particle precipitation rate
is estimated. Quantities so derived appear inde-
pendent of large precipitation rates. Eccles
(1975) has proposed observational and numeri-
cal techniques to recognize X-band attenuation
by precipitation particles. To test the numerical
technique, we correlated the derived precipita-
tion rate and total precipitation depth with
ground measurements from northern Colorado.
Four cases were considered in the presence
and absence of hail: light and heavy precipita-
tion rates and small and large total water
deposition. The XSR gives better estimates for
heavy precipitation rates and for large total
water deposition, both with and without hail.
The single radar method is accurate for light
precipitation without hail.
PB-266 255/9CP PC A04/MF A01
Control Data Corp., Minneapolis, Minn.
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Re-
gional Air Pollution Study. Part I
Final rept.
D. Hovland, D. Dartt, and K. Gage. Jan 77, 55p
EPA/600/4-77/002a
Contract EPA-68-02-1827
Descriptors: "Atmospheric models,
"Wind(Meteorology), "Temperature,
"Meteorological data, "Air pollution, Data analy-
sis, Mathematical models, Computer programs,
Computation.
Identifiers: "Air quality, "Saint Louis(Missouri).
This report documents the development of an
objective analysis program for the mesoscale
gridding of wind and temperature for the Re-
gional Air Pollution Study being conducted in
St. Louis by the Environmental Protection
Agency. The program is designed to produce a
5-km spaced horizontal grid analysis from a
distribution of observations which are sparse at
the boundaries of the grid and dense near the
center. An iterative scan procedure is used suc-
cessively to correct an initial guess field until
the analysis agrees reasonably well with obser-
vations. A procedure is used where widely
spaced observations and a large scan radius
are first used to approximate the field. This is
successively followed by the addition of more
observational data and reduction in scan radius
until the field converges to the desired analysis
(usually five iterations are required). This
procedure of simultaneously adding more data
and shrinking the scan radius insures that the
small-scale variability in areas of dense obser-
vations does not propagate into the surround-
ing areas where there are few data. The special
problems of producing three-dimensional
fields of gridded data from the observation net-
work are discussed. They include the incon-
sistency of the surface and upper air observa-
tion networks, the non-uniform density of the
basic observing network, and the difficulty of
producing a reliable analysis when data from
one or more key stations are missing.
PB-266 739/2CP PC A04/MF A01
Environmental Sciences Research Lab.,
Research Triangle Park, N.C. Meteorology and
Assessment Div.
Calculation of Selected Photolytic Rate Con-
stants over a Diurnal Range. A Computer Al-
gorithm
Kenneth L. Schere, and Kenneth L. Demerjian.
Mar 77, 73p Rept no. EPA/600/4-77/015
Descriptors: "Reaction kinetics, "Air pollution,
"Atmospheric modeling, Photochemical reac-
tions, Mathematical models, Computerized
simulation, Computer programs, Diurnal varia-
tions, Smog, Nitrogen dioxide, Ozone, Nitrous
acid, Nitric acid. Formaldehyde, Hydrogen
peroxide, Acetaldehyde, Fortran, Aerosols, Al-
gorithms.
Identifiers: "Rate constants.
A computer program has been created and is
described herein which employs the theoretical
formulation of the photolytic rate constant to
calculate these rate constants for specific
chemical species over a diurnal time period in
clear-sky conditions. A user of the program
must specify the date, time and location for
which the rate constants are desired. With this
information and specific data on zenith angles,
solar irradiance, and species characteristics of
absorption cross-sections and primary quan-
tum yields, which are provided in the program
package, the computer program generates a
diurnal range of photolytic rate constants for
each species. The species included are N02,
03, HONO, HON02, H2CO, CH3CHO, and H202.
The appendices to this report contain program
and data listings as well as a User's Guide to
program operation. The program-generated
photolytic rate constants for N02 are compared
to direct measurements of this quantity as
taken at Research Triangle Park, N.C. during
April 1975. The two methods are generally in
close agreement after the theoretically com-
puted rate constants are scaled by a simplistic
method for the compensation of solar radiation
attention by clouds.
PB-266 756/6CP PC A04/MF A01
Control Data Corp., Minneapolis, Minn.
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Re-
gional Air Pollution Study. Part II
Final rept.
D. Hovland, D. Dartt, and K. Gage. Feb 77, 59p
EPA/600/4-77/002b
Contract EPA-68-02-1827
See also Part 1 , PB-266 255.
Descriptors: "Atmospheric models, "Air pollu-
tion, "Wind(Meteorology), Atmospheric motion
Mathematical models, Trajectories,
Grids(Coordinates), Computer programs, Mis-
souri.
Identifiers: "Saint Louis(Missouri), "Air quality.
This report discusses the application of objec-
tive analysis techniques to the computation of
trajectories from surface wind observations of
the Regional Air Pollution Study in St. Louis.
Trajectories were computed over a 100-kilome-
ter square grid centered on St. Louis for two 5-
hour periods during July 1975. The variability of
the surface wind field was investigated by ex-
amining the temporal and spatial variability of
computed trajectories. Also, the sensitivity of
the computed trajectories to the amount of data
employed in the analysis was examined in some
detail. The results showed a general lack of
sensitivity of the computed trajectories to a sin-
gle missing observation. However, computed
trajectories were very sensitive to missing ad-
jacent observations. In addition to the trajectory
analysis, a set of tapes containing gridded
winds and temperatures for the St. Louis area
were generated.
PB-266 968/7CP PC A02/MF A01
National Weather Service, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Western Region.
Program to Calculate Winds Aloft Using a
Hewlett-Packard 25 Hand Calculator
Technical memo.
Brian W. Finke. Feb 77, 12p NOAA-TM-NWS-
WR-115, NOAA-77033105
Prepared by National Weather Service Forecast
Office, Los Angeles, Calif.
Descriptors: "Wind(Meteorology),
"Computation, Radiosondes, Theodolites,
Computer programs, Forest fires.
Identifiers: HP 25 computers.
A method of calculating winds aloft data from
theodolite observation is offered without
resorting to the use of plotting boards. This
program, using the Hewlett-Packard 25 hand
calculator, was originally intended for fire
weather mobile unit use at going fires where
time and space are at a premium. No new
theory has been developed. The tangent plane
approximation is the only compromise; but
within the accuracy of the observations, this ap-
proximation results in no error.
PB-267 413/3CP PC A14/MF A01
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder, Colo. Atmospheric Technology Div.
Central Pacific VLF Signal Survey and Omega
Wind Error Predictions
Technical note
Michael L. Olson. Mar 77, 312p Rept no.
NCAR/TN-1200EDD
Contract NSF-C760
Descriptors: "Wind direction, "Wind velocity,
"Radiosondes, "Radio tracking, Tropical re-
gions, Errors, Very low frequencies, Predic-
tions, Pacific Ocean, Computer programs,
FORTRAN.
Identifiers: First GARP Global Experiment,
Omega navigation system
The First GARP Global Experiment in 1979 will
include two tropical wind-finding systems
which use Omega navigation signals to deter-
mine the relative positions of a radiosonde as a
70
function of time, and hence winds. Complete
coverage of the deep tropics with Omega
signals is not possible in 1979, since the Aus-
tralian Omega station will not yet be completed.
The wind accuracies are computed for a 13.6
kHz Omega signal between 30 degrees N and 30
degrees S latitudes for local noon and midnight
in January. The effect of Australia is clearly il-
lustrated. The results are compared with data
from Majuro Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Ob-
servations near local noon are shown to pro-
vide the greatest accuracy. The FGGE require-
ment for 2 m/s accuracy will be met in substan-
tial areas of the tropical Pacific and Atlantic
Oceans at local noon. The Indian Ocean region
will suffer large errors south of the equator
without Australia. At local midnight, when sta-
tions with potential modal interference are not
used in the wind computation, the regions of
acceptable wind errors are decreased.
(Portions of this document are not fully legible.)
PB-268 033/8CP PC A05/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Wave Propagation Lab.
Microcomputer-Controlled Acoustic Echo
Sounder
Technical memo.
Edward J. Owens. Apr 77, 85p NOAA-TM-ERL-
WPL-21 , NOAA-77050104
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric sounding,
'Meteorological instruments, Acoustics, Mea-
suring instruments, Remote sensing, Doppler
radar. Signal processing. Atmospheric tem-
perature, Turbulent boundary layer,
Wind(Meteorology), Computers, Digital to
analog converters, Computer programs.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric echo sounding,
Acoustic detection and ranging, Planetary
boundary layer, Microcomputers.
This report is the result of research into new
concepts of remote sensing of the atmosphere
and includes a literature survey of the theory
and practical application of atmospheric
sounding using acoustic methods. The 'state of
the art' has been advanced in that a new type of
system was designed, fabricated, and tested
using modern digital methods. The major ad-
vances of replacing the typically troublesome
facsimile recorder with a dot-matrix line printer
using special characters called 'tonels' and the
development of a new and novel method of
digital Doppler signal processing using a real
covariance technique, is presented in detail.
The ecosonde is capable of monitoring and dis-
playing in real time the temperature fluctua-
tions, turbulent velocity inhomogeneities, and
vertical wind profile of the planetary boundary
layer to a height of 680 meters and includes a
microcomputer, a high-speed line printer, and
various author-designed and-constructed
digital and analog circuits. User control of vari-
ous system parameters and a wide choice of
display possibilities make this a versatile and
desirable atmospheric research tool.
PB-268 329/OCP PC A06/MF A01
California State Dept. of Transportation, Sacra-
mento Transportation Lab.
Transportation Systems and Regional Air
Quality - A Difkin Sensitivity Analysis
Interim rept.
P. D. Allen, W. B. Crews, A. J. Ranzieri, and E. C.
Shirley. Apr 76, 1 15p CA-DOT-TL-7169-2-76-27,
657169, FHWA/CA-76/27
See also report dated May 76, PB-263 921 .
Descriptors: 'Mathematical models, 'Air pollu-
tion, Atmospheric motion, Ozone, Compu-
terized simulation, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Reaction kinetic,
Photochemistry, Hydrocarbons, Nitrogen
oxide(NO), Motor vehicles. Industrial wastes,
Trajectories, Wind velocity, Traffic, Sensitivity,
Computer programs, Exhaust emissions. Com-
bustion pro'ducts.
Identifiers: 'DIFKIN photochemical models, 'Air
quality maintenance, 'DIFKIN computer pro-
gram.
An analysis of the DIFKIN photochemical model
characteristics and sensitivities to various input
parameters is presented. DIFKIN is a trajectory
type photochemical air quality simulation
model. The most sensitive input parameters to
Ozone production are initial concentrations,
reaction rate constants, and inversion base
height. The ratio of Reactive Hydrocarbons to
Nitric Oxide emissions are far more important
in determining Ozone production than the ac-
tual magnitudes for emissions. The DIFKIN
model is most applicable to projects that result
in changes in emissions in a few adjacent grid
cells rather than widespread changes in emis-
sions over an air basin. Five or more trajectories
should be used to determine air quality impacts
of a particular project.
PB-268 753/1CP PC A05/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Weather Modification Pro-
gram Office.
Computer Software for the Assessment of
Growth Histories of Weather Radar Echoes
Technical memo.
Victor Wiggert, Stellan S.Ostlund, Gloria J.
Lockett, and John V. Stewart. Nov 76, 93p
NOAA-TM-ERL-WMPO-35.NOAA-77051812
Descriptors: 'Weather forecasting, 'Radar
cross sections, 'Computer programs,
'Statistical analysis, Rainfall, Radar tracking,
Regression analysis, Normal density functions,
Fortran, Florida.
Identifiers: 'Peaks computer prooram, 'Stats
computer program, Bivariate analysis.
Two new computer programs are described.
One is an echo isolation and tracking program
called PEAKS, which fits a bivariate normal dis-
tribution to each echo, and also to each relative
maximum in rain rate within each echo's
perimeter. This program is based upon different
principles than its predecessor (TRACK) and
appears to make fewer errors in judgment. After
a whole day's data has been processed with the
tracking program, all tracked echo information
is transferred to the second computer program
named STATS. It formulates hourly and whole
day summaries of South Florida echo areas and
rain volumes for all combinations of location
(land/sea/both) and status
(unmerged/merged/all). Also, a whole day of
tracked echo data is accumulated and results
are tabulated for echo areas versus rain
volumes within quartiles of growth tendency.
Regression equations for these combinations
are created and histograms can be displayed.
Examples depict results from the two programs
using the enlarged array. Appendices provide
the complete Fortran code for the entire en-
semble of Nheml software for processing
digitally recorded WSR-57 data. (Portions of
this document are not fully legible.)
PB-269 659/9CP PC A07/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Weather Modification Pro-
gram Office.
Raindrop Size Distributions and Z-R Relation-
ships Measured on the NOAA DC-6 and the
Ship RESEARCHER within the GATE B-Scale
Array
Technical memo.
John B. Cunning, and Robert I. Sax. Apr 77,
144p NOAA-TM-ERL-WMPO-37, NOAA-
77060202
Descriptors: 'Raindrops, 'Rainfall, Meteorolog-
ical radar, Precipitation(Meteorology), Tropical
atmospheres, Meteorological instruments,
Convection, Reflectivity, Airborne, Shipborne
detectors, Cloud physics, Meteorological data.
Experimental design, Mathematical analysis,
Computer programs, Least squares method,
Regression analysis, Fortran, North Atlantic
Ocean.
Identifiers: GARP Atlantic tropical experiment.
This paper discusses drop size distributions ob-
tained by both an airborne foil impactor and a
shipborne distrometer and provides an analysis
of the relationship between radar reflectivity
and rainfall rate within the GATE B-scale array.
Discussion of the use of a cumulative distribu-
tion function to transform drop spectra derived
from the foil data is provided in an appendix.
The advantage of this technique lies in the al-
leviation of sampling volume problems occur-
ring at the large end of the drop size distribu-
tion.
PB-270 265/2CP PC A09/MF A01
Western Scientific Services, Inc., Fort Collins,
Colo.
Development of an Experimental
Hydrometeorological Data Collection Network
Final rept. 1 Jul 74-30 Apr 77
James H. Wagner. 30 Apr 77, 190p Rept no. FR-
807-55
Contract DI-14-06-D-7551
See also PB-248 865.
Descriptors: 'Rain gages, Collecting methods.
Data acquisition, Surveys, Automatic control
equipment, Precipitation( Meteorology),
Telemetering data, Remote control.
Meteorological satellites, Weather stations,
Performance evaluation. Feasibility, Diagrams,
Computer programs.
Identifiers: LANDSAT satellites, Remote areas,
Microprocessors.
This final report describes the development of
an automatic microprocessor based data col-
lection system using VHF telemetry links capa-
ble of collecting hydrometeorological data from
remote sites distributed over a wide area or in
relatively inaccessible terrain. Results of an ex-
tensive test program are included along with
recommendations for improving the reliability
and performance of the system. Detailed sche-
matics for all equipment developed are pro-
vided and the operation of each piece of equip-
ment is described.
PB-270 534/1CP PC A02/MF A01
Pacific Southwest Forest and Range Experi-
ment Station, Berkeley, Calif.
Controlling Solar Light and Heat in a Forest
by Managing Shadow Sources
Forest Service research paper (Final)
Howard G. Halve rson, and James L. Smith.
1974, 18p Rept no. FSRP-PSW-102
Descriptors: 'Insolation, 'Micrometeorology,
'Forest land. Solar radiation, Forest trees, Plant
growth, Management, Snow cover, Harvesting,
Computer programs, Fortran.
Identifiers: Sunrise, Sunset, SHDW computer
program.
Control of solar light and heat to develop the
proper growth environment is a desirable goal
in forest management. The amount of sunlight
and heat reaching the surface is affected by
shadows cast by nearby objects, including
trees. In timbered areas, the type of forest
management practiced can help develop
desired microclimates. The results depend on
the size and orientation of openings created
and on the shade cast by surrounding vegeta-
tion. A computerized method to calculate the
extent of boundary shading for any combina-
tion of date, slope, and aspect between 23.45
degrees N. latitude and 50 degrees N. latitude is
described. For those who do not wish to
develop their own, a set of shadow-length ta-
bles is available upon request. These may be
secured as an entire set or by individual
latitudes. They provide coverage for the con-
71
tiguous United States in increments of 2 from
36 degrees N. latitude to 50 degrees N. latitude.
By extrapolation, the tables can be used from
the Mexican to the Canadian border.
PB-270 618/2CP PC A04/MF A01
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder, Colo. Atmospheric Analysis and Pre-
diction Div.
The Delta-Eddington Approximation for a Ver-
tically Inhomogeneous Atmosphere
Technical note
W. J. Wiscombe. Jul 77, 73p Rept no. NCAR/TN-
1210STR
Grant NSF-ATM72-10157
Descriptors: 'Albedo, 'Solar radiation, Numeri-
cal analysis. Atmospheric models. Approxima-
tion, Computer programs, Computation.
Identifiers: 'Eddington approximation,
'Radiative transfer.
The delta-Eddington approximation of Joseph,
Wiscombe, and Weinman (1976) is extended to
an atmosphere divided up by internal levels into
homogeneous layers. Flux continuity is en-
forced at each level, leading, as the mathemati-
cal essence of the problem, to a penta-diagonal
system of linear equations for certain unknown
constants. Fluxes (up, direct down, diffuse
down, and net) are then predicted at each level.
Unphysical results of the model are examined
in detail. potential numerical instabilities in the
solution are noted and corrected, and an ex-
tremely fast, well-documented computer code
resulting from this analysis is described and
listed. Actual computed fluxes are given for
several test problems.
PB-270 778/4CP PC A08/MF A01
Battelle Pacific Northwest Labs., Richland,
Wash.
STRAM - An Air Pollution Model Incorporating
Nonlinear Chemistry, Variable Trajectories,
and Plume Segment Diffusion
Final rept.
J. M. Hales, D. C. Powell, and T. D. Fox. Apr 77,
157p EPA/450/3-77/012
Contract EPA-68-02-1982
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Mathematical
models, Computer programs, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Plumes, Numerical analysis,
Dispersion, Reaction kinetics. Manuals, At-
mospheric diffusion.
Identifiers: 'STRAM model, Atmospheric
chemistry.
This document provides a technical descrip-
tion, user's guide and program listing for (1)
STRAM - a variable trajectory, reactive plume-
segment model for ground level air pollution
assessments resulting from multi-source emis-
sions on a multi-state scale, and (2) a support-
ing program, Random-to-Grid, which generates
gridded wind data for STRAM from synoptic
wind data at arbitrarily located observing sta-
tions. The reactive plume chemistry is calcu-
lated by a Subroutine STRAC and related
subroutines, which calculate the diffusion, the
wet and dry depletion, and the reactive chemis-
try within each plume segment. The principal
output of STRAM is concentrations on the sam-
pling grid and at each particularly specified
sampling point for each of the analyzed chemi-
cal components. These are available for three
averaging periods (1) once for the entire
running time, (2) serially for the basic sampling
interval, and (3) serially for an arbitrarily
specified intermediate time. Matrices of max-
imum values over all matrices of this last type
are also printed out.
PB-271 360/OCP PC A13/MF A01
Environmental Protection Agency, Research
Triangle Park, N.C. Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards.
User's Manual for Single-Source (CRSTER)
Model
Final rept.
Jul 77, 297p Rept no. EPA/450/2-77/013
Descriptors: 'Manuals, 'Mathematical models,
*Air pollution, Computerized simulation,
Plumes, Concentration(Com position),
Meteorological data, Chimneys, Computer pro-
grams, Atmospheric motion, Fortran.
Identifiers: Point sources, 'Air quality,
'CRSTER model, Gaussian plume models.
The Single Source (CRSTER) Model is a steady-
state, Gaussian plume dispersion model
designed for point-source applications. It cal-
culates pollutant concentrations for each hour
of a year, at 180 receptor sites on a radial grid.
The hourly concentrations are averaged to ob-
tain concentration estimates for time incre-
ments of specified length, such as 3-hour, 8-
hour, 24-hour, and annual. The model contains
the concentration equations, the Pasquill-Gif-
ford dispersion coefficients, and the Pasquill
stability classes, as given by Turner. Plume rise
is calculated according to Briggs. No depletion
of the pollutant is considered. Technical details
of the programming are presented with
complete descriptions of data acquirements
and output. Flow diagrams and source program
listings, including subprograms, are given as
well as input data forms. Three papers on appli-
cation, sensitivity and validation of the model
are included as appendices.
PB-271 643/9CP PC A15/MF A01
California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla. Dept. of
Chemistry.
Evaluation of a Short Term Oxidant Control
Strategy
Final rept. 1965-1972
Kent R. Wilson, and Barbara Elkus. May 76,
342p ARB-R-4-718-76-61
Contract ARB-4-718
Descriptors: 'Air pollution control, 'Oxidizers,
"Hydrocarbons, 'Nitrogen oxides. Monitoring,
Photochemistry, Regression analysis, Smog,
Ozone, Concentration(Composition), Ta-
bles(Data), Computer programs, Algol.
Identifiers: Atmospheric chemistry, Burroughs
6700 computers.
A possible short term oxidant control strategy
would involve (1) reduction of overall reactive
hydrocarbon and NOx emissions, (2) restriction
of morning commuter traffic and (3) a shift of
emissions into the evening and nighttime
photochemically inactive hours. These
represent the emissions alterations which
usually mark the change from the weekdays to
weekends, and can be evaluated in advance
from statislical studies of past weekday-
weekend differences in monitored oxidant
levels. This study uses data from the South
Coast Air Basin to demonstrate that there exists
a definable subset of conditions under which
switching to weekend emissions would signifi-
cantly decrease average oxidant levels both
one and two days into the future. This strategy
works best under conditions of particularly ad-
verse oxidant levels.
PB-273 921/7CP PC A02/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Boulder, Colo. Wave Propagation Lab.
Stellar Scintillometer Model II for Measure-
ment of Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
Technical memo.
G. R. Ochs, Ting-i Wang, and F. Merrem. Apr 77,
24p NOAA-TM-ERL-WPL-25, NOAA-77092205
Sponsored in part by Rome Air Development
Center, GriffissAFB, N.Y.
Descriptors: "Optical measuring instruments,
'Scintillation counters. Telescopes, At-
mospheric attenuation, Computer programs,
Minicomputers, Light transmission, Optical de-
tectors, Refractive index, Remote sensing, Spa-
tial filtering, Instrumentation, BASIC pro-
gramming language.
Identifiers: 'Atmospheric transmissivity,
'Scintillometers.
An optical system for measuring refractive-tur-
bulence profiles in the atmosphere is
described. The instrument measures the profile
along the light path to a star by analyzing the
scintillation of the star by the atmosphere, and
is an improved version of an earlier system. The
circuit diagram, computer program, and
operating instructions for the instrument are in-
cluded.
PB-274 054/6CP PC A06/MF A01
Environmental Protection Agency, Research
Triangle Park, N.C. Office of Air Quality
Planning and Standards.
Valley Model User's Guide
Final rept.
Edward W. Burt. Sep 77, 1 1 1 p* Rept no.
EPA/450/2-77/018
See also report for 1 Mar 73-1 Mar 74, PB-229
771.
Descriptors: "Mathematical models, "Air pollu-
tion, Numerical analysis, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Wind velocity, Wind speed,
Plumes, Computer programs, Atmospheric dif-
fusion, Dispersion, Fortran.
Identifiers: "Gaussian plume models, Valley
computer program, UNIVAC-1110 computers,
Point sources. Valley model.
The Valley Model is a steady-state, univariate
Gaussian plume dispersion model designed for
multiple point- and area-source applications. It
calculates pollutant concentrations for each
frequency designated in an array defined by six
stabilities, 16 wind directions, and six wind
speeds for 112 program-designated receptor
sites on a radial grid of variable scale. The out-
put concentrations are appropriate for either a
24-hour or annual period, as designated by the
user. The model contains the concentration
equations, the Pasquill-Gifford vertical disper-
sion coefficients and the Pasquill stability
classes, as given by Turner. Plume rise is calcu-
lated according to Briggs. Plume height is ad-
justed according to terrain elevation for stable
cases. Technical details of the program are
presented, with descriptions of data require-
ments. Flow diagrams and input data forms are
presented. Four appendices include a complete
test-case analysis, a complete program listing
and a paper in which estimated and observed
data are compared at several sites for 24-hour
periods during which the upper limits of con-
centrations were observed.
PB-274 529/7CP PC A06/MF A01
Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo. En-
gineering and Research Center.
Atmospheric Simulation Using Stratified
Liquid Models
H. T. Falvey, and R. A. Dodge. Jul 77, 101p Rept
no. REC-ERC-77-8
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric models,
'Stratification, 'Cloud seeding. Simulation,
Density(Mass/volume), Equations of state, Air
flow, Plumes, Topography, Liquids, Velocity
measurement, Feasibility, Aerial reconnais-
sance, Effectiveness, Colorado River Basin,
Computer programs, Fortran.
Identifiers: Model studies, Skywater Project,
Meteorological phenomena, Leadville Climax
Pilot Project, Sierra Cooperative Pilot Project,
Colorado River Basin Pilot Project.
Analytical and laboratory studies were made to
demonstrate the feasibility of using stratified
72
liquids and distorted scale maps of an area to
simulate mesoscale (2 to 20 kilometres) at-
mospheric phenomena. Techniques and instru-
mentation were developed for creating velocity
gradients, creating density gradients, for
visualization, and for making measurements.
The effectiveness of both aerial and ground
seeding station locations was investigated for
various pilot study areas of Project Skywater.
(Color illustrations reproduced in black and
white)
PB-275 327/5CP PC A18/MF A01
SRI International, Menlo Park, Calif.
The Relation of Oxidant Levels to Presursor
Emissions and Meteorological Features.
Volume III. Appendices (Analytical Methods
and Supplementary Data)
Final rept.
F. L. Ludwig, P. B. Simmon, R.L. Mancuso, J. H.
S. Kealoha, and E. Reiter. Sep 77, 415p
EPA/450/3-77/022C
Contract EPA-68-02-2084
See also Volume 2, PB-275 326.
Descriptors: 'Ozone, "Air pollution, Meteorolo-
gy, Statistical analysis, Trajectories, Graphs,
Mathematical models, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Computer programs,
Stratosphere, Troposphere, Atmospheric com-
position.
Identifiers: METINDX computer program.
Contents:
Data selection and methodology for
trajectory analysis;
Meteorological and emission index
computer program ;
Computation of Montgomery stream
functions;
Daily weather and peak-hour ozone maps
for 1974.
PB-275 380/4CP PC A03/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Idaho Falls, Idaho. Air Resources Labs.
A Feasibility Study for the Application of K-
Band Radar in the Investigation of Cooling
Tower Plumes
Technical memo.
Norman R. Ricks. Aug 77, 45p NOAA-TM-ERL-
ARL-66, NOAA-771 10803
Descriptors: *Air pollution, 'Plume detection,
"Radar detection, 'Cooling towers. Plumes,
Feasibility, K band, Computer programs, Elec-
tric power plants, Remote sensing, Water
vapor.
Identifiers: Air pollution detection.
The feasibility of using commercially available
K-band (1 cm) radar for indirect sensing of
cooling tower plumes is investigated. Using the
radar equation, commercially available systems
are evaluated by means of a computer model
which estimates the strength of the expected
return signal under sampled conditions known
to exist in actual plumes. Recommendations
are made for the adaptation of available radar
systems and for areas of additional study.
Complete data and program documentation are
provided.
PB-275 459/6CP PC A12/MF A01
Stanford Research Inst., Menlo Park, Calif.
Users' Manual for the APRAC-2 Emissions
and Diffusion Model
Jun77, 257p
Contract EPA-68-01-3807
See also PB-213 091.
Descriptors: 'Computer programs,
"Mathematical models, 'Air pollution, 'Exhaust
emissions. 'Atmospheric diffusion, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Computerized simulation,
Programming manuals, Hydrocarbons, Carbon
monoxide, Nitrogen oxides.
Identifiers: Emission factors, 'APRAC2 com-
puter program.
The computer program for a completely revised
version of the APRAC-1A diffusion model is
presented and discussed. The new code uses
EPA's emissions calculation methodology from
Supplement No. 5 to AP-42. Gridded, and link
by link emissions can be output for hydrocar-
bons, carbon monoxide or oxides of nitrogen.
Diffusion calculations make use of a receptor-
oriented Gaussian plume model. Local winds at
the receptor can be used; they are interpolated
from multiple wind inputs. Mixing heights may
be calculated from sounding data, or input
directly. Two local source models are available,
one treating pollutant behavior in a street
canyon, the other treats vehicle and pollutant
effects at a signalized intersection. A small pro-
gram is included for decoding Federal Highway
Administration data tapes.
PB-275 683/1CP PC A06/MF A01
California State Dept. of Transportation, Sacra-
mento. Transportation Lab.
CALINE 2 - An Improved Microscale Model
for the Dispersion of Air Pollutants from a
Line Source
Interim rept.
C. E. Ward.Jr, A. J. Ranzieri, and E.C.Shirley.
Jun77, 111pCA-DOT-TL-7218-1 -76-23,
FHWA/RD-77-74
Contract OT-FH-1 1-7730
See also mag tape, PB-271 105 and User's
Manual, PB-271 106.
Descriptors: "Automobile exhaust, 'Air pollu-
tion, "Carbon dioxide, Mathematical models,
Exhaust emissions, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Comparison, Wind velocity.
Highways, Computerized simulation. Numerical
analysis, Atmospheric diffusion.
Identifiers: CALINE2 computer program, Gaus-
sian plume models, "Atmospheric dispersion.
In order for transportation planners and en-
gineers to evaluate the air quality impact of a
proposed project, mathematical means are
required to describe the dispersion of air pollu-
tants from a line source. CALINE2, the Califor-
nia Line Source Dispersion Model, is presented
and discussed as one such mathematical ap-
proach. CALINE2 is based on the generalized
Gaussian dispersion theory, and simulates the
dispersion of carbon monoxide from a uniform
line source. A sensitivity analysis of the model
relates the behavior of its predictions as a func-
tion of the input parameters. A preliminary
verification study using carbon monoxide data
from the Los Angeles region gives the user an
estimate of CALINE2's predictive capabilities.
An earlier version of the model, which was dis-
tributed nationwide in 1972, is compared with
the present version.
PB-275 700/3CP CP T03
Environmental Protection Agency, Research
Triangle Park, N.C. Monitoring and Data Analy-
sis Div.
Valley Model Computer Program
Model-Simulation
Ed Burt, and Jerry Mersch. Sep 77, mag tape
EPA/DF-78/002
Source tape is in EBCDIC character set. Tape(s)
can be prepared in most standard 7 or 9 track
recording modes for one-half inch tape. Identify
recording mode desired by specifying
character set, track, density, and parity. Call
NTIS Computer Products if you have questions.
Price includes documentation, PB-274 054.
Also available as punched cards.
Descriptors: "Model-simulation, "Air pollution,
Fortran, Concentration(Composition), Plumes,
Atmospheric diffusion, Magnetic tapes.
Identifiers: "Gaussian plume models, VALLEY
computer program, UNIVAC-1110 computers,
VALLEY model.
The Valley Model Computer Program is an
analytical technique whose primary use is for
estimating the upper limits of 24-hour average
pollutant concentrations due to isolated
sources in rural, complex terrain. ..Software
Description: The simulation model is written in
the Fortran programming language for imple-
mentation on a UNIVAC 1110 computer using
the EXEC 8 operating system. 56K 36-bit words
of core storage is required to operate the
model. The User's Manual, Valley Model User's
Guide, is also available separately from NTIS as
PB-274 054, at $6.50 per copy.
PB-275 701/1CP CPT03
Environmental Protection Agency, Research
Triangle Park, N.C. Monitoring and Data Analy-
sis Div.
Single Source (CRSTER) Model Computer
Programs
Model-Simulation
Russ Lee, and Jerry Mersch. 1977, mag tape
EPA/DF-78/004
Source tape is in EBCDIC character set. Tape(s)
can be prepared in most standard 7 or 9 track
recording modes for one-half inch tape. Identify
recording mode desired by specifying
character set, track, density, and parity. Call
NTIS Computer Products if you have questions.
Also available as punched cards. Price includes
documentation, PB-271 360.
Descriptors: "Model-simulation, "Air pollution,
Computerized simulation, Magnetic tapes, For-
tran, Atmospheric motion, Concentra-
tion(Com position).
Identifiers: "Air quality, CRSTER model,
UNIVAC-1110 computers, Gaussian plume
models.
The Single Source (CRSTER) Model contains
two computer programs designed to simulate
atmospheric dispersion processes for the pur-
pose of calculating ambient concentration
levels of atmospheric contaminants. It is used
primarily in simulating the behavior of stack ef-
fluents from combustion sources. ..Software
Description: The model is written in the Fortran
programming language for implementation on
a UNIVAC 1110 computer using the EXEC 8
operating system. 40K 36-bit words of core
storage is required to operate the model. The
User's Manual is available from NTIS separately
as PB-271 360 at $1 1 .00 per copy.
PB-276 140/1CP PC A09/MF A01
North American Weather Consultants, Goleta,
Calif.
Methods for Estimating Areal Precipitation in
Mountainous Areas
Final rept.
Robert D. Elliott. 31 Oct 77, 190p 77-13, NOAA-
771 11 506
Contract NOAA-6-35358
Descriptors: "Mountains,
"Precipitation(Meteorology), "Weather
forecasting. Physical geography, Watersheds,
Distribution(Property), Barriers, Storms, Wind
direction. Mathematical models. Computer pro-
grams, Fortran, Utah, Synoptic meteorology,
Stream flow, Cloud physics, Profiles, Ta-
bles(Data), Weather stations.
Identifiers: TRAJDRV computer program,
BETAS computer program.
The development and testing of a method for
predicting the distribution of precipitation over
a mountainous watershed is presented. A valid
estimate of the mean areal precipitation over
the entire watershed can be formed given a
precipitation observation. The accuracy of the
average hinges upon the ability to extrapolate
the precipitation away from the observation
point over the watershed, or even over an entire
orographic barrier. The orographic component
of precipitation is identified as the mountain
precipitation minus the upwind valley precipita-
73
tion, the latter representing the storm com-
ponent. A simple numerical model is developed
for projecting the precipitation pattern over a
given barrier, knowing the basic wind direction
and speed, and various cloud and air mass
parameters. The method was tested on one well
instrumented mountain barrier and then ex-
tended to four other barriers. The tests in-
dicated the method's precipitation pattern pre-
diction capability is good over the barrier where
the sounding data were good but was weak
over the other barriers. However, the method
appears to have a general capability in account
for pattern changes with wind direction.
(Portions of this document are not fully legible)
PB-276 516/2CP CP T03
Environmental Protection Agency, Research
Triangle Park, N.C. Monitoring and Data Analy-
sis Div.
Climatological Dispersion Model QC (CDMQC)
Computer Program
Model-Simulation
Bruce Turner, and Jerry Mersch. May 77, mag
tape EPA/DF-78/003
Source tape is in EBCDIC character set. Tapes
can be prepared in most standard 7 or 9 track
recording modes for one-half inch tape. Identify
recording mode desired by specifying
character set, track, density, and parity. Call
NTIS Computer Products if you have questions.
Also available as punched cards. Price includes
documentation, PB-274 040.
Descriptors: 'Models-simulation, "Atmospheric
motion, *Air pollution, 'Climatology, Fortran,
Mathematical models. Magnetic tapes.
Identifiers: "Climatology Dispersion Model,
CDMQC computer program, Point sources,
UNIVAC 11 10 computers.
The Climatological Disperson Model QC
(CDMQC) is an expanded version of the CDM
program. The CDM program is part of the
UNAMAP system, PB-229 771, which is ex-
pected to be updated during the first quarter of
1978. The CDMQC includes three new features:
(1) source contribution table, (2) internal
calibration, and (3) statistical conversion of
averaging times.
PC A04/MF A01
Research Lab.,
PB-276 582/4CP
Environmental Sciences
Research Triangle Park, N.C.
Non-Divergent Wind Analysis Algorithm for
the St. Louis RAPS (Regional Air Pollution
Study) Network
Terry L. Clark, and Robert E. Eskridge. Nov 77,
72 Rept no. EPA/600/4-77/049
Descriptors: 'Wind(Meteorology),
"Mathematical models, Algorithms, Air pollu-
tion, Atmospheric motion, Fortran, Computer
programs, Missouri.
Identifiers: 'Saint Louis(Missouri), RAPS pro-
gram. Atmospheric boundary layer.
An objective wind analysis algorithm capable of
producing non-divergent wind fields at up to
ten levels in the atmospheric boundary layer for
St. Louis, Missouri is described Wind data col-
lected during the St Louis Regional Air Pollu-
tion Study (RAPS) and averaged over 15-minute
intervals were used to construct u and v wind
component fields on a 46 by 46 grid network
with a grid spacing of 1 km via a sean-radius
technique. The divergence across grid squares
was minimized by a non-divergence algorithm.
Several analyses produced by the algorithm are
illustrated A user's guide and computer pro-
gram listing are included
PB-276 694/7CP PC A04/MF A01
National Center for Atmospheric Research,
Boulder, Colo. Atmospheric Analysis and Pre-
diction Div.
Description of the General Program Structure
of the Third-Generation NCAR General Circu-
lation Model
Technical note
Richard K. Sato, and Gerald L. Browning. Dec
77, 58p Rept no. NCAR/TN-1270IA
Grant NSF-ATM77-23757
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric circulation,
"Atmospheric models, "Computerized simula-
tion, 'Computer programming, Weather
forecasting.
Identifiers: "General circulation models. Nu-
merical weather forecasting, CDC-7600 compu-
ters.
This document is a description of the design,
implementation, and operation of the third-
generation NCAR General Circulation Model
(GCM). It contains the information needed by
the scientist or programmer who intends to
modify and/or run the model.
PB-281 028/1CP PC A04/MF A01
South Dakota School of Mines and Technology,
Rapid City. Inst, of Atmospheric Sciences.
Computer Modeling of Cumulus Clouds Dur-
ing Project Cloud Catcher
Technical rept.
John H. Hirsch. Apr 71, 70p Rept no. 71-7
Contract DI-14-06-D-6796
Descriptors: "Cumulus clouds, 'Cloud physics.
Cloud seeding, Precipitation(Meteorology),
Mathematical models, Temperature, Ice forma-
tion, Thermodynamics, Moisture, Correlation
techniques, Fortran, Field tests. Computer pro-
grams, South Dakota.
Identifiers: Skywater project, Cloud Catcher
project, Sensitivity analysis, CLD computer pro-
gram, Convection(Atmospheric).
A steady-state, one-dimensional model of cu-
mulus convection with parameterized
microphysics is applied to cumulus clouds of
the Northern Great Plains Region. The numeri-
cal model is reviewed and comparisons are
made between diagnosed cloud characteristics
of the model and observations obtained during
an extensive field program in cumulus modifi-
cation. Correlation coefficients near 0.8 are
achieved between model predictions of cloud-
top heights and radar reflectivity maxima
whereas poorer agreements are reached
between in-cloud characteristics measured by
aircraft The model appears to be a useful ob-
jective tool for diagnosis of potential for con-
vective cloud development and the effects of
cold cloud seeding. It is an inexpensive, fast,
numerical model which may be used opera-
tionally in real-time on many rawinsondes with
little expense.
PB-281 306/1CP PC A08/MF A01
Environmental Sciences Research Lab.,
Research Triangle Park, N.C.
User's Guide for PAL A Guassian-Plume Al-
gorithm for Point, Area, and Line Sources
William B. Petersen. Feb 78, 163p* Rept no.
EPA/600/4-78/013
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Atmospheric
models, Algorithms, Concentra-
tion(Composition), Atmospheric diffusion,
Wind(Meteorology), Urban areas, Industrial
wastes, Stadiums, Parking facilities, Shopping
centers, Airports, Computer programs, Fortran.
Identifiers: 'Gaussian plume models, "Air quali-
ty, Point sources, Nonpoint sources, PAL com-
puter program.
PAL is an acronym for this point, area, and line
source algorithm. PAL is a method of estimat-
ing short-term dispersion using Gaussian-
plume steady-state assumptions. The algorithm
can be used for estimating concentrations of
non-reactive pollutants at 30 receptors for
averaging times of from 1 to 24 hours, and for a
limited number of point, area, and line sources
(30 of each type). Calculations are performed
for each hour. The hourly meteorological data
required are wind direction, wind speed, stabili-
ty class, and mixing height. Single values of
each of these four parameters are assumed
representative for the area modeled. This al-
gorithm is not intended for application to entire
urban areas but is intended rather, to assess the
impact on air quality, on scales of tens to hun-
dreds of meters, of portions of urban areas
such as shopping centers, large parking areas,
and airports. Level terrain is assumed.
PB-282 834/1CP PC A11/MF A01
Science Applications, Inc., La Jolla, Calif.
A New Wind Energy Site Selection
Methodology
Final rept. 17 Mar 75-16 Apr 76
B. E. Freeman. May 76, 236p SAI-76-614-LJ,
NSF/RA-761229
Contract NSF-C1006, Grant NSF-AER75-00834
Descriptors: "Wind power, 'Site surveys, Wind
power generation, Wind(Meteorology), Wind
velocity, Velocity measurement, Data acquisi-
tion, Mathematical models. Planning, Com-
puter programming, Computerized simulation.
Identifiers: Site selection, SIGMET computer
program, MICMET computer program.
The objectives of this study were to develop
simulation methods to make the siting of wind
energy devices more accurate, to identify and
obtain data on meteorological field experi-
ments, and to begin the process of evaluation
of computer codes by the comparison of calcu-
lations with field data. One of the major tasks
accomplished was the adaptation, develop-
ment, and initial testing of meteorological
simulation models. The mesoscale computer
codes (SIGMET) were extensively modified to
broaden the physical effects to be taken into
account, and a microscale computer code
(MICMET) was selected, modified, and tested.
PB-283 080/OCP PC A02/MF A01
National Weather Service, Salt Lake City, Utah.
Western Region.
Hand Calculator Program to Compute Parcel
Thermal Dynamics
Technical memo.
Dan Gudgel. Apr 78, 12p NOAA-TM-NWS-WR-
128, NOAA-78051002
Prepared by National Weather Service Forecast
Office, Reno, Nev.
Descriptors: 'Atmospheric temperature,
'Computer programs. Thunderstorms, Finite
difference theory, Computation, Programming
manuals, Adiabatic conditions, Calculators.
Identifiers: HP-67 programmable calculators.
This program computes the temperature of an
air parcel raised dry adiabatically to the lifted
condensation level, LCL, and then pseu-
doadiabatically thereafter. The procedure is ac-
complished without aid of an energy diagram
(Skew-T, Pseudo-adiabatic chart, etc.) using
iterative computations on a Hewlett-Packard 67
hand computer. The iterative computations in-
volve using finite difference to solve the energy
balance equation for the ascending parcel. The
program can be used in lieu of an energy dia-
gram for computation of atmospheric stability
indices (e.g., determination of a thunderstorm
gust potential). A sample problem and a com-
puter program are in the Appendix.
S.E.S.-75/3 PC A02/MF A01
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial
Research Organization, Melbourne (Australia).
Global Horizontal Solar Radiation for Aus-
tralian Locations Stored in the CSIRO CYBER
7600 System: The Data and Method of
Retrieval
J. W. Bugler. Jun 75, 10p
U.S. Sales Only.
74
Descriptors: "Australia, 'Insolation, Computer
codes. Data processing.
Identifiers: ERDA/140100, 'Solar radiation.
The Commonwealth Bureau of Meteorology
has established and operates a network of sta-
tions throughout Australia measuring solar
radiation. The network was established early in
1968 and, with subsequent additions, consists
of some 20 stations recording total global
horizontal solar radiation integrated over half-
hourly periocis; some of these stations also
record diffuse horizontal solar radiation over
the same periods. These data are processed
and stored on magnetic tape in the Computer
Section of the Meteorological Bureau in Mel-
bourne. A complete copy of the tape of global
horizontal solar radiation has been reproduced
in a form compatible with the C.S.I.R..O.
CYBER 7600 computer. This report describes
the information stored on the C.S.I.R.O. mag-
netic tape and the method of retrieving that in-
formation. (ERA citation 01 :018888)
SAND-75-0321 PC A02/MF A01
Sandia Labs., Albuquerque, N.Mex.
Automatic Digital Acquisition System for
Meteorological Data.
M. S. Rogers, R. D. Aden, J. P. Watterberg, and
J. E. Van Meter. Aug 75, 25p
Contract AT(29-1)-789
Descriptors: 'Meteorology, 'Data acquisition
systems, 'Weather, Data acquisition systems.
Automation, Computer codes, Flowsheets, Hu-
midity, Pressure dependence, Turbulence,
Velocity, Wind.
A system was installed at Tonopah Test Range
to facilitate the continuous automatic collec-
tion and display of meteorological data. All
readings are converted to digital form to simpli-
fy transmission from remote areas and reduce
noise interference, to permit easy data manipu-
lation, and to provide a compatible interface for
computer reduction of the data.
SCL-DR-720097 PC E01/MF A01
Sandia Labs., Livermore, Calif.
Recursive Relationships for the Ther-
modynamic Properties of the Earth's At-
mosphere at a Set of Geopotential Altitudes
R . Humphrey. Feb 73, 28p
Contract AT(29-1)-789
Descriptors. 'Atmosphere, "Computer pro-
grams.
Identifiers: AEC.
Forabstract, see NSA 27 08, number 19405
TID-26686-P2 PC A03/MF A01
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administra-
tion, Oak Ridge, Tenn Atmospheric Turbulence
and Diffusion Lab.
Meteorological Effects of the Cooling Towers
at the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, li.
Predictions of Fog Occurrence and Drift
Deposition.
S R. Hanna Mar74,41p
Descriptors: 'Orgdp, Cooling towers, 'Cooling
towers. Plumes, 'Plumes, 'Diffusion, At-
mospheric precipitations, Chromates, Com-
puter codes, Deposition, Droplets, Earth at-
mosphere, Gaseous wastes, Meteorology,
Moisture, Numerical solution. Thermal ef-
fluents, Waste heat, Water vapor, Wind
Forabstract, see NSA 31 04, number 08740
UCID-16827-2 PC A02/MF A01
California Univ., Livermore. Lawrence Liver-
more Lab.
Current Status of LLL Four-D Atmospheric
Propagation Code Effort
J. A. Fleck, Jr, and J R. Morris 16 Mar 76, 21 p
Contract W-7405-Eng-48
Descriptors: 'Laser radiation, Computer codes,
F codes, Uses, Wave propagation, Wind.
Identifiers: ERDA/420300, 'Laser beams, At-
mospheric transmissivity, Atmospheric at-
tenuation, Optical detection.
The deployment of high-energy lasers against
moving targets is almost always noncoplanar.
This noncoplanarity creates a vertical wind
component in the transverse plane that causes
the effective wind vector to rotate continuously.
All propagation codes that have been
developed in the past have been based on the
assumption of a purely horizontal wind. The
scenario capability of the Four-D code has now
been generalized from the previous coplanar
version, which assumed a moving laser plat-
form, a target on a collision course with the
platform, and an arbitrarily oriented coplanar
wind. Currently the laser can be displaced to
any height above the platform, and the scenario
plane can be aribitrarily oriented with respect to
the horizon. The scenario routine returns to the
hydrodynamics routine of the code a transverse
wind velocity vector of varying magnitude and
orientation. The hydrodynamics routine of the
Four-D code is now capable of treating both
CW and multipulse steady state sources with
winds of arbitrary magnitude and direction rela-
tive to the x-axis. A complete time-dependent
capability for arbitrary wind directions will be
completed some time in the near future. (ERA
citation 01:020419)
UCID-17203 PC A03/MF A01
California Univ., Livermore. Lawrence Liver-
more Lab.
Modeling of Transport in the Two-Dimen-
sional Atmospheric Transport and Kinetics
Codes SPHERNEW and TRACER
A. Edwards. 23 Jul 76, 31 p
Contract W-7405-Eng-48
Descriptors: 'Aerosols, 'Earth atmosphere, 'Air
pollution, 'Mathematical models. Chemical
reaction kinetics, Computer calculations, Com-
puter codes, Diffusion, S codes, T codes, Wind.
Identifiers: ERDA/500100, SPHERNEW com-
puter code, TRACER computer program,
'Atmospheric motion.
The report describes how transport by the wind
is modeled in the 2-D atmospheric transport
and chemical kinetics codes SPHERNEW and
TRACER. The description includes the equa-
tions for transport by a specified velocity field,
the eddy diffusion approximation for short-term
fluctuations in the velocity, other simplifying
approximations, the geometric grid, the dif-
ference equations, and the coefficient matrix of
the grid. The assumption of a constant vertical
density distribution was used to derive mass-
consistent forms of the difference equations.
These forms eliminate the instabilities and un-
realistic solutions associated with specified
wind fields which are not exactly mass-con-
sistent. An option is allowed for variable
weighting between central (second-order) and
upstream (first-order) forms of the spatial dif-
ferencing of the advection terms, to modulate
phase and amplitude errors in the advection
model. (ERA citation 02:005659)
PC A02/MF A01
Livermore. Lawrence Liver-
UCID-17701
California Univ
more Lab.
PATRIC: A Three Dimensional Particle in-Cell
Sequential Puff Code for Modeling the Trans-
port and Diffusion of Atmospheric Pollutants
R Lange Jan 78, 1 1 p
Contract W-7405-ENG-48
Descriptors: 'Air pollution, 'Computer codes.
Diffusion, Distribution, Environmental trans-
port, Mathematical models. Particles, Wind.
Identifiers: ERDA/500200, 'Air quality, Assess-
ments, Normal density factors, PATRIC com-
puter program.
PATRIC is a transport and diffusion code
designed to calculate the three-dimensional
distribution of atmospheric pollutants in a
given space and time varying flow field. It is
based on the particle-in-cell model in which the
pollutant mass or activity is represented by the
spacial distribution of a large number marker
particles. The temporal evolution of this particle
distribution results from the transport of each
individual marker particle due to advection by
the mean wind and diffusion by the Gaussian
formula. The code is capable of computing in-
stantaneous or time-integrated air concentra-
tions and deposition for a variety of instantane-
ous or continuous sources, including inert and
radioactive materials. PATRIC was developed
as a simplified and speeded-up version of the
Lawrence Livermore Laboratory three-dimen-
sional transport and diffusion code for complex
terrain ADPIC. PATRIC computer time is ap-
proximately one minute for every 24 hours
modeled which makes the code suitable for an-
nual air quality assessments. (ERA citation
03:026884)
PC A04/MF A01
Livermore Lawrence Liver-
UCRL-51826
California Univ.
more Lab
Time-Dependent Propagation of High Energy
Laser BEAMS Through the Atmosphere.
J. A. Fleck, Jr, J. R. Morris, and M.J. Feit. 2 Jun
75,61p
Contract W-7405-eng-48
Descriptors: 'Laser radiation, Wave propaga-
tion. Computer codes, Earth atmosphere. Time
dependence.
Identifiers: ERDA/420300, Laser beams,
'Atmospheric transmissivity.
A general time-dependent three-space-dimen-
sional propagation code is described. This
code is capable of treating the propagation of
high energy laser beams through the at-
mosphere in the presence of a horizontal wind
and turbulence for most situations of interest.
Possible cases are propagation of cw beams
through stagnation zones, multipulse propaga-
tion, including the self-consistent treatment of
pulse self-blooming, and propagation involving
transonic slewing. The solution of the Maxwell
wave equation in Fresnel approximation is ob-
tained by means of a discrete Fourier transform
method, which, surprisingly, gives excellent
results for diffraction problems. The latter pro-
vide a stringent test for the accuracy of any
solution method. Considerable use is also
made of discrete Fourier transform methods in
solving the hydrodynamic equations. The treat-
ment of turbulence is based on the generation
of random phase screens at each calculation
step along the propagation path. In a time-de-
pendent calculation the random phase screens
can be either made to move with the wind at a
given propagation position or generated anew
for each successive time. The code is equipped
with a general scenario routine involving a
moving laser platform as well as target. This
routine allows the code to treat an effective
transverse wind velocity that varies with time as
well as axial position Thus it is possible to take
into account the motion of the stagnation point
in treating the propagation of beams through
stagnation zones. The code is equipped with
extensive editing facilities which generate vari-
ous averages, contour plots, and plots of quan-
tities of interest as a function of time. The report
also contains illustrative examples of the code's
different calculational features.
UCRL-52049 PC A06/MF A01
California Univ., Livermore. Lawrence Liver-
more Lab.
75
CPS: A Continuous-Point-Source Computer
Code for Plume Dispersion and Deposition
Calculations
K. R. Peterson, T. V. Crawford, and L. A.
Lawson. 21 May 76, 105p
Contract W-7405-ENG-48
Descriptors: *Air pollution, 'Chemical effluents,
'Plumes, 'Radioactive effluents. Atmospheric
precipitations, Computer calculations, Com-
puter codes, Diffusion, Fortran, Gaussian
processes, Height, Meteorology, Point sources,
Spatial distribution. Stack disposal, Surface air,
Topography, Velocity, Wind.
Identifiers: ERDA/500200, ERDA/500300,
'Atmospheric diffusion.
The continuous-point-source computer code
calculates concentrations and surface deposi-
tion of radioactive and chemical pollutants at
distances from 0.1 to 100 km, assuming a Gaus-
sian plume. The basic input is atmospheric sta-
bility category and wind speed, but a number of
refinements are also included. (ERA citation
02:007973)
UCRL-52366 PC A02/MF A01
California Univ., Livermore. Lawrence Liver-
more Lab.
Development of a Three-Dimensional Model
of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Using the
Finite Element Method
R. L. Lee, and P. M. Gresho. 22 Nov 77, 24p
Contract W-7405-ENG-48
Descriptors: 'Boundary layers, 'Earth at-
mosphere. Air pollution, Algorithms, Altitude,
Computer calculations. Computer codes, Equa-
tions of state, Humidity, Mathematical models.
Measuring methods, Temperature gradients,
Three-dimensional calculations, Two-dimen-
sional calculations, Velocity, Wind.
Identifiers: ERDA/500100, ERDA/500200, At-
mospheric boundary layer, Atmospheric
models. Finite element analysis.
This report summarizes our current effort and
ideas toward the development of a model for
the planetary boundary layer using the finite
element technique. As an initial step, the finite
element methodology is applied to simpler ver-
sion of the boundary layer equations given by
the two-dimensional, constant-property, in-
compressible conservation equations (Navier-
Stokes equations). Solution procedures for
both the steady-state and transient equations
are discussed. For the transient problem, a vari-
able time-step, trapezoid-rule algorithm with
dynamic time-truncation error control is
presented. The resulting system of nonlinear al-
gebraic equations is solved by a Newton itera-
tion procedure with a frontal solution scheme
used for the linear set of equations. The need to
develop a suitable linear equation solver, with
respect to minimization of computer storage
and execution costs, particularly for large
(three-dimensional) finite element problems, is
also discussed. (ERA citation 03:037946)
UCRL-75868 PC A03/MF A01
California Univ., Livermore Lawrence Liver-
more Lab.
Applications of Episode: An Experimental
Package for the Integration of Systems of Or-
dinary Differential Equations.
A. C. Hindmarsh, and G. D. Byrne Jun 75, 30p
Rept no. CONF-750902-3
Descriptors: "Computer codes, *E codes,
'Differential equations, 'Numerical solution,
'Earth atmosphere, 'Simulation, Cdc compu-
ters, Chemical reaction kinetics, Fortran.
Identifiers: ERDA/990200, EPISODE computer
code.
A brief description, with examples of usage, is
given of a new FORTRAN package called
EPISODE, for the numerical solution of the ini-
tial-value problem for systems of ordinary dif-
ferential equations. EPISODE contains both a
variable-step, variable-order implicit Adams
method and a variable-step, variable-order
backward differentiation method. Since the
user may select either of these methods simply
by assigning the appropriate value to a method
flag, EPISODE can be used to solve either stiff
or nonstiff problems. Similarly, the user also
selects one of four corrector iteration methods
to be used. EPISODE was motivated by
problems in atmospheric modeling at LLL in
which chemical rate constants vary with time in
an abrupt diurnal manner. Examples of such
problems, and others, are given to illustrate the
use and effectiveness of the program. Outside
LLL the EPISODE package is being supplied in
double precision, but contains the single preci-
sion version imbedded in it. Conversion to sin-
gle precision can be easily done with a con-
verter subroutine, supplied with the package.
UCRL-76170 PC A03/MF A01
California Univ., Livermore Lawrence Liver-
more Lab.
Adpic: A Three-Dimensional Transport-Diffu-
sion Model for the Dispersal of Atmospheric
Pollutants and Its Validation Against Regional
Tracer Studies.
R. Lange. May 75, 40p Rept no. OCONF-750533-
40
Descriptors: 'Argon 41, 'Diffusion, 'Iodine 131,
Diffusion, 'Aerosols, Diffusion, 'Air pollution,
'Mathematical models, A codes, Computer
codes, Distribution, Environmental effects,
Lagrangian function, Particles, Plumes, Reac-
tors, Tracer techniques.
Identifiers: ERDA/500200, ERDA/500101.
For abstract, see ERA 75 06, number 01263.
PC A02/MF A01
Livermore. Lawrence Liver-
UCRL-78120
California Univ.
more Lab.
Modeling the Planetary Boundary Layer
Using the Galerkin Finite-Element Method
P. M. Gresho, R. L. Lee, and R. L. Sani. 28 Apr
76, 9p Rept no. 0CONF-761003-190
Contract 0W-7405-Eng-480
Symposium on atmospheric turbulence, diffu-
sion, and air quality, Raleigh, North Carolina,
United States of America (USA), 19 Oct 1976.
Descriptors: 'Earth atmosphere. Boundary
layers. Computer calculations, Computer
codes, Diffusion, F codes. Mathematical
models. Air pollution.
Identifiers: ERDA/500100, 'Planetary boundary
layer, Finite element analysis, 'Atmospheric
models.
Finite-element-methods computer programs
that approximate the solution to the advection-
diffusion equation are discussed for planetary
boundary layer modeling. It has application in
regional modeling studies and in real-time ac-
cident situations relative to air pollution moni-
toring. (ERA citation 02:005660)
76
SUBJECT INDEX
ABSORPTION COEFFICIENTS
An Efficient Computational Approximation to the
Lorentz Line Molecular Absorption Coefficient
AD-A052 686/3CP
ACCELEROMETERS
The Low-G Accelerometer Calibration System Or-
bital Accelerometer Experiment. Volume I. Experi-
ment Description and Methodology
AD-772 717/5CP
ACETOACETIC ACID/ (ETHYL-ESTER)
Precipitation Scavenging of Organic Contami-
nants
AD-779 551 /1CP
ACOSP COMPUTER PROGRAM
User's Guide for Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide
Transport Model
PB-259 719/3CP
ACOUSTIC ABSORPTION
Atmospheric-Absorption Adjustment Procedure
for Aircraft Flyover Noise Measurements
AD-A051 700/3CP
ACOUSTIC GRAVITY WAVES
A Program for Calculating Three-Dimensional
Acoustic-Gravity Ray Paths in the Atmosphere
COM-71-50410/CP
ACOUSTIC WAVES
Computational Techniques for the Study of In-
frasound Propagation in the Atmosphere
AD-A024 951 /6CP
AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS
Mapping of Geostationary Satellite Pictures: An
Operational Experiment.
PB-191 189/CP
AERONOMY
AURORA: An NRL Auroral Chemistry Code
AD-A004 602/9CP
Ionospheric Chemistry: Comparison of AIRCHEM
Predictions with Results of Laboratory Simula-
tions
AD-A024 146/3CP
Developmental Studies of the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-
Oxygen Systems
AD-775 752/9CP
Survey of Two-Body and Three-Body Reaction-
Rate Coefficients for the Ionized Stratosphere and
Mesosphere
AD-776 950/8CP
AEROSOLS
A Mathematical Model for the Atmospheric Dis-
semination of Evaporating Aerosol "Clouds
(Evaporation Model)
AD-A015 542/4CP
Sky Radiance Calculations in the 0 5 micrometer -
5.0 micrometer Wavelength Range
AD-A015 812/1CP
Research in the Area of Atmospheric Modeling:
High Resolution Atmospheric IR Transmittance
Prediction
AD-A017 026/6CP
Balloon Measurements of Stratospheric Aerosol
Size Distribution Following a Volcanic Dust Incur-
sion
AD-A018 372/3CP
Asymptotic Properties of the Mie Coefficients
AD-A023 078/9CP
Atmospheric Transmission Modeling: Proposed
Aerosol Methodology with Application to the
Grafenwoehr Atmospheric Optics Data Base
AD-A035 765/7CP
Comparison of the 3-5 Micrometer and 8-12
Micrometer Regions for Advanced Thermal Imag-
ing Systems LOWTRAN Revisited
AD-A049 448/4CP
A Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter
AD-737 802/CP
Theoretical Investigation of the Effect of Particle
Contaminants on Laser-Induced Air Breakdown
AD-760 175/CP
Stratospheric Balloon Aerosol Particle Counter
Measurements
AD-777 135/5CP
Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter Modifications.
Particle Sizing Accuracy Tests
AD-784 866/6CP
Evaluation of Emission Control Strategies for Sul-
fur Dioxide and Particulates in the Chicago
Metropolitan Air Ouality Control Region
ANL-IIPP-2
Determination of the Particle Size Distribution of
an Aerosol Using a Diffusion Battery
CEA-R-4549
Investigation of Aerosol Characteristics and Their
Measurement
N76-17683/3CP
Modeling of Transport in the Two-Dimensional
Atmospheric Transport and Kinetics Codes
SPHERNEW and TRACER
UCID-17203
Adpic: A Three-Dimensional Transport-Diffusion
Model for the Dispersal of Atmospheric Pollutants
and Its Validation Against Regional Tracer Stu-
dies.
UCRL-76170
AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTS
Theoretical Study and Calculation of Particle Flux
in the Stable Region of the Magnetosphere.
N70-29050/CP
AFTERBURNING
The Production of Nitric Oxide in the Tropo-
sphere as a Result of Solid-Rocket-Motor After-
burning.
N76-20180/5CP
AIR
Theoretical Investigation of the Effect of Particle
Contaminants on Laser-Induced Air Breakdown
AD-760 175/CP
AIR MASS ANALYSIS
Refractive Effects in Remote Sensing of the At-
mosphere with Infrared Transmission Spectrosco-
py
AD-A011 253/2CP
Frontal Motion in the Atmosphere
AD-715 068/CP
AIR POLLUTION
Sky Radiance Calculations in the 0.5 micrometer -
5.0 micrometer Wavelength Range
AD-A015 812/1CP
Mixing-Layer Analysis Routine and Trans-
port/Diffusion Application Routine for EPAMS
AD-A038 399/2CP
An Investigation into the Effect of an Industrial
Heat and Moisture Source on Local Atmospheric
Conditions
AD-733 227/CP
Mass Dispersion from an Instantaneous Line
Source in a Turbulent Shear Flow
AD-753 268/CP
Precipitation Scavenging of Organic Contami-
nants
AD-779 551/1CP
Some Variable-Parameter, Steady-State Diffusion
Results.
AD-815 625/CP
ATMOSPHERE. Fluid-Dynamic Simulation Model
for Predicting Spreading Processes in the At-
mospheric Boundary Layer
ANL-Trans-1103
Cartographic Forecasts of Short-Term Air Pollu-
tion Averages
CEA-R-4837
A Program for Evaluating Atmospheric Dispersion
from a Nuclear Power Station
COM-74-11336/6CP
Regional Effluent Dispersion Calculations Con-
sidering Spatial and Temporal Meteorological
Variations
COM-74-11627/8CP
The What System: A New Digitized Radiosonde
and Double Theodolite Balloon Tracking System
for Atmospheric Boundary Layer Investigations
CONF-731205-1
Monte Carlo Simulation of Turbulent Atmospheric
Transport: Comparison with Experimental Data
CONF-771 109-58
Global Contamination of the Atmosphere by Kryp-
ton-85 from Worldwide Nuclear Power Plants and
the Radiation Danger
JPRS-53174
Monte Carlo Simulation of the Turbulent Trans-
port of Airborne Contaminants
LA-6103
Manual for the Computer Program of the Gaus-
sian Plume Model Handleiding voor Het Compu-
terprogramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel.
N76-19598/1CP
Diffusion Algorithms and Data Reduction Routine
for Onsite Real-Time Launch Predictions for the
Transport of delta-Thor Exhaust Effluents.
N76-20699/4CP
Retrieval of Surface Temperature by Remote
Sensing.
N76-22637/2CP
Use of Lars System for the Quantitative Deter-
mination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffusion Coef-
ficients from ERTS Images of Virginia.
N76-24681/8CP
Manual for the Gaussian Plume Model Computer
Program Handleiding voor Het Computerpro-
gramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel.
N77-20629/0CP
Dispersion within the Stratosphere of Minor Con-
stituents.
N77-25714/5CP
Oispersion of Trace Constituents in the Strato-
sphere.
N77-31678/4CP
Comprehensive Atomospheric Transport and Dif-
fusion Model.
ORNL/NSF/EATC-17
SULCAL: A Model of Sulfur Chemistry in a Plume
ORNL/NSF/EATC-21
A Regional Air Ouality Simulation Model (A
Description of the Connecticut Air Pollution
Model as Developed by the Travelers Research
Center)
PB-206 938/CP
A Particle-in-Cell Method for Numerical Solution
of the Atmospheric Diffusion Equation, and Appli-
cations to Air Pollution Problems. Volume I
PB-209 290/CP
Potential Environmental Modifications Produced
by Large Evaporative Cooling Towers
PB-210 702/7CP
Users Manual for the APRAC-1A Urban Diffusion
Model Computer Program
PB-213 091/2CP
User's Guide for the Climatological Dispersion
Model
PB-227 346/4CP
Users Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP)
PB-229 771/1CP
Natural Precipitation Washout of Sulfur Com-
pounds from Plumes
PB-232 445/7CP
User's Guide for Hiway. A Highway Air Pollution
Model
PB-239 944/2CP
User's Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP) Version 2
PB-240 273/3CP
Annual Catalyst Research Program Report. Ap-
pendices. Volume VII
PB-249 913/5CP
A Methodology for Treating Large Localized
Emissions of Reactive Pollutants
PB-251 066/7CP
Adaptation of Gaussian Plume Model to Incor-
porate Multiple Station Data Input. Volume II. Ap-
pendices
PB-252 558/2CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data. Volume I
PB-256 651/1CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data Volume II
PB-256 652/9CP
Continued Research in Mesoscale Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling: Volume II. Refinements in
the Treatment of Chemistry, Meteorology, and
Numerical Integration Procedures
PB-257 527/2CP
Continued Research in Mesoscala Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling: Volume III. Modeling of
Micsoscale Pheonoena
PB-257 528/0CP
User's Guide for Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide
Transport Model
PB-259 719/3CP
"Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality
An Approach and Computer Program for Wind
Flow Field Analysis
PB-263 921 /9CP
Mesoscale Air Pollution Transport in Southeast
Wisconsin
PB-265 382/2CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study Part I
PB-266 255/9CP
Calculation of Selected Photolytic Rate Constants
over a Diurnal Range A Computer Algorithm
PB-266 739/2CP
77
SUBJECT INDEX
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study. Part II
PB-266 756/6CP
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality -
A Dif kin Sensitivity Analysis
PB-268 329/OCP
STRAM - An Air Pollution Model Incorporating
Nonlinear Chemistry, Variable Trajectories, and
Plume Segment Diffusion
PB-270 778/4CP
User's Manual for Single-Source (CRSTER) Model
PB-271 360/OCP
Valley Model User's Guide
PB-274 054/6CP
The Relation of Oxidant Levels to Presursor Emis-
sions and Meteorological Features Volume III
Appendices (Analytical Methods and Supplemen-
tary Data)
PB-275 327/5CP
A Feasibility Study for the Application of K-Band
Radar in the Investigation of Cooling Tower
Plumes
PB-275 380/4CP
Users' Manual for the APRAC-2 Emissions and
Diffusion Model
PB-275 459/6CP
CALINE 2 - An Improved Microscale Model for the
Dispersion of Air Pollutants from a Line Source
PB-275 683/1CP
Valley Model Computer Program
PB-275 700/3CP
Single Source (CRSTER) Model Computer Pro-
grams
PB-275 701/1CP
Climatological Dispersion Model OC (CDMQC)
Computer Program
PB-276 516/2CP
User's Guide for PAL A Guassian-Plume Al-
gorithm for Point, Area, and Line Sources
PB-281 306/1CP
Modeling of Transport in the Two-Dimensional
Atmospheric Transport and Kinetics Codes
SPHERNEW and TRACER
UCID-17203
PATRIC: A Three Dimensional Particle-in-Cell
Sequential Puff Code for Modeling the Transport
and Diffusion of Atmospheric Pollutants
UCID-17701
CPS: A Continuous-Point-Source Computer Code
for Plume Dispersion and Deposition Calculations
UCRL-52049
Adpic: A Three-Dimensional Transport-Diffusion
Model for the Dispersal of Atmospheric Pollutants
and Its Validation Against Regional Tracer Stu-
dies.
UCRL-76170
AIR POLLUTION CONTROL
Optimal Control of Sulfur Dioxide Emissions at
Power Stations: Models and a Case Study
AD-775 392/4CP
Evaluation of Emission Control Strategies for Sul-
fur Dioxide and Particulates in the Chicago
Metropolitan Air Quality Control Region
ANL-IIPP-2
Annual Catalyst Research Program Report Ap-
pendices Volume VII
PB-249 913/5CP
Evaluation of a Short Term Oxidant Control
Strategy
PB-271 643/9CP
AIR POLLUTION DETECTION
Use of Lars System for the Quantitative Deter-
mination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffusion Coef-
ficients from ERTS Images of Virginia.
N76-24681/8CP
AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS (HUMANS)
Annual Catalyst Research Program Report Ap-
pendices Volume VII
PB-249 9I3/5CP
AIR POLLUTION SAMPLING
Some Environmental Measurement of the Vertical
Spread of Pollutants from Low-Level Sources
N77-21734/7CP
Users' Instructions for the NASA/Msfc Cloud-Rise
Preprocessor Program, Version 6. and the
NASA/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Program, Version
6: Research Version for UNIVAC 1108 System.
N78-18573/3CP
AIR POLLUTION STANDARDS
Design of the Sulfate Regional Experiment
(SURE) Volume III: Appendices
PB-251 703/5CP
AIR QUALITY
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study. Part I
PB-266 255/9CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study. Part II
PB-266 756/6CP
User's Manual for Single-Source (CRSTER) Model
PB-271 360/OCP
Single Source (CRSTER) Model Computer Pro-
grams
PB-275 701/1CP
User's Guide for PAL A Guassian-Plume Al-
gorithm for Point, Area, and Line Sources
PB-281 306/1CP
PATRIC: A Three Dimensional Particle-in-Cell
Sequential Puff Code for Modeling the Transport
and Diffusion of Atmospheric Pollutants
UCID-17701
AIR QUALITY DATA
Design of the Sulfate Regional Experiment
(SURE). Volume III: Appendices
PB-251 703/5CP
AIR QUALITY MAINTENANCE
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality.
An Approach and Computer Program for Wind
Flow Field Analysis
PB-263 921/9CP
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality -
A Difkin Sensitivity Analysis
PB-268 329/OCP
AIR TRANSPORTATION
An Operational Decision Model Employing Opera-
tional and Environmental Factors
AD-755 403/CP
AIR WATER INTERACTIONS
Heat Budget Parameterization for the FNWC
Primitive Equation Model Using Data for 16
January 1974
AD-A009 977/OCP
Calculated and Observed Changes in Sea Surface
Temperature Associated with Hurricane Passage.
AD-713 052/CP
1973 Variations of Hurricane Heat Potential in the
Philippine Sea and the Gulf of Mexico
AD-777 971/3CP
AIRBORNE EQUIPMENT
Calculation of the Desired Angle Values for the
Alignment of a Stabilized Two Axis Rotating Plat-
form in an Aircraft Berechnung der Winkel-Soll-
werte fuer die Ausrichtung Eines Stabilisierten
Zwei-Achsen-Drehstandes in Einem Flugzeug.
N78-14235/3CP
AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT
Analysis and Calculation of Lightning-Induced
Voltages in Aircraft Electrical Circuits
N74-14754/7CP
AIRCRAFT LANDINGS
Wind Shear Modeling for Aircraft Hazard Defini-
tion
AD-A053 178/0CP
AIRCRAFT NOISE
Atmospheric-Absorption Adjustment Procedure
for Aircraft Flyover Noise Measurements
AD-A051 700/3CP
AIRSHED MODELS
Continued Research in Mesoscale Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling: Volume II. Refinements in
the Treatment of Chemistry, Meteorology, and
Numerical Integration Procedures
PB-257 527/2CP
Continued Research in Mesoscala Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling: Volume III. Modeling of
Micsoscale Pheonoena
PB-257 528/OCP
ALBEDO
The Delta-Eddington Approximation for a Verti-
cally Inhomogeneous Atmosphere
PB-270 618/2CP
ALGORITHMS
Analytic and Numerical Chemistry Algorithms for
the WORRY Code. WORRY Document No. 2
AD-A012 002/2CP
A Cloud Advection Model
AD-A020 045/1CP
ALIGNMENT
Calculation of the Desired Angle Values for the
Alignment of a Stabilized Two Axis Rotating Plat-
form in an Aircraft Berechnung der Winkel-Soll-
werte fuer die Ausrichtung Eines Stabilisierten
Zwei-Achsen-Drehstandes in Einem Flugzeug
N78-14235/3CP
ALOUETTE SATELLITES
Studies of the Structure of the Plasmasphere as
Seen by Radiosounder Measurements Aboard the
Alovetti-Satellite.
N74-20467/8CP
ANEMOMETERS
A Comparison of a Coaxial Focused Laser Dop-
pler System in Atmospheric Measurements
N73-30627/6CP
ANIONS
Negative Molecular Ions
AD-A045 725/9CP
ANTENNAS
Calculation of the Desired Angle Values for the
Alignment of a Stabilized Two Axis Rotating Plat-
form in an Aircraft Berechnung der Winkel-Soll-
werte fuer die Ausrichtung Eines Stabilisierten
Zwei-Achsen-Drehstandes in Einem Flugzeug.
N78-14235/3CP
APALACHICOLA BAY
Estimation of Hurricane Storm Surge in
Apalachicola Bay, Florida
COM-75-11332/4CP
APPLICATIONS TECHNOLOGY SATELLITES
Time Domain Data Extraction, Radio Altimetry,
and Application of Ats Data Quarterly Report, 1
Apr. - 30 Jun. 1971
N71-33870/CP
APRAC2 COMPUTER PROGRAM
Users' Manual for the APRAC-2 Emissions and
Diffusion Model
PB-275 459/6CP
ARCS
The Effect of Large Scale Irregularities on the
Propagation of VLF Waves Through the Lower
Ionosphere with Special Reference to Auroral
Hiss.
N70-22824/CP
ARCTIC REGIONS
Physical Mechanisms Responsible for the Major
Synoptic Systems in the Eastern Canadian Arctic
in the Winter and Summer of 1973
PB-258 821/8CP
ARGON 41
Adpic: A Three-Dimensional Transport-Diffusion
Model for the Dispersal of Atmospheric Pollutants
and Its Validation Against Regional Tracer Stu-
dies.
UCRL-76170
ARID LAND
Scheduling and Application Rates of Irrigation in
Humid Climate
PB-244 760/5CP
ARPANET
Programming and the Climate Dynamics Project
AD-A019 344/1 CP
ARTIFICIAL CLOUDS
Dispersion within the Stratosphere of Minor Con-
stituents.
N77-25714/5CP
Dispersion of Trace Constituents in the Strato-
sphere.
N77-31678/4CP
ARTIFICIAL PRECIPITATION
Computations with the Rand Cloud Model for the
HIPLEX Workshop, June 1975
AD-A022 268/7CP
Computer Aided Nucleation Nozzle Design
AD-737 395/CP
ARTIFICIAL SATELLITES
Analysis of Radiation and Meteoroid Satellite Data
N72-32833/CP
ASCENT TRAJECTORIES
Criteria for Controlling Vertical Motion of Strato-
spheric Balloons
AD-A017 552/1 CP
ASTRONOMICAL SPECTROSCOPY
Eso Bulletin No. 12.
N76-12912/1CP
ASYMPTOTIC SERIES
Asymptotic Properties of the Mie Coefficients
AD-A023 078/9CP
ATLANTIC OCEAN
Hurricane Heat Potential of the North Atlantic and
North Pacific Oceans
AD-751 590/CP
ATMOSPHERE
Computer Procedure for Calculating Time Depen-
dent Light Scattering in Spherical-Shell At-
mospheres
AD-722 713/CP
78
SUBJECT INDEX
ATMOSPHERIC CLOUD PHYSICS LAB (SPACELAB)
Computer Procedure tor Calculating Time Depen-
dent Light Scattering in Plane Parallel At-
mospheres
AD-722 714/CP
Monte Carlo Codes to Study the Transport of X-
Rays and Fluorescent Light in the Atmosphere
AD-729 909/CP
Monte Carlo Calculations ot the Scattering of 450.
550. and 650 NM Wavelength Light in Model At-
mospheres for Point Isotropic Sources
AO-731 723/CP
An Optical Apparatus to Determine the Effect of
Turbulence on the Modulation Transfer Function
of the Atmosphere
AD-757 256/CP
Recursive Relationships for the Thermodynamic
Properties of the Earth's Atmosphere at a Set of
Geopotential Altitudes
SCL-DR-720097
ATMOSPHERE DIFFUSION
Application of the Calder Finite Difference Diffu-
sion Model to Calculations of Instantaneous
Elevated Line Source Dosages
AD-A009 750/1CP
ATMOSPHERE MODELS
A High Altitude Infrared Radiance Model
AD-A008 035/8CP
Application of the Calder Finite Difference Diffu-
sion Model to Calculations of Instantaneous
Elevated Line Source Dosages
AD-A009 750/1CP
Heat Budget Parameterization for the FNWC
Primitive Equation Model Using Data for 16
January 1974
AD-A009 977/OCP
Computer Program for the Disturbed Steady-State
Nighttime D-Region
AD-A010 412/5CP
An Updated Empirical Density Model for Predict-
ing Low-Altitude Satellite Ephemerides
AD-A010 424/0CP
An Atmospheric Dispersion and Environmental
Prediction Technique
AD-A010 647/6CP
Verification Study of a Bathystrophic Storm Surge
Model
AD-A012 799/3CP
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to 28.5
Microns: Computer Code LOWTRAN 3
AD-A017 734/5CP
Study of Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in the
Magnetosphere
AD-A020 301 /8CP
Climatic Modeling of the Earth-Atmosphere
System
AD-A020 458/6CP
Computations with the Rand Cloud Model for the
HIPLEX Workshop. June 1975
AD-A022 268/7CP
Simulation of Marine Advection Fog with the Cal-
span Advection Fog Model Using Prognostic
Equations for Turbulent Energy
AD-A027 380/5CP
A Technique to Specify Liquid Water Content at a
Point in the Atmosphere
AD-A027 457/1CP
AIRCHEM: A Computational Technique for Model-
ing the Chemistry of the Atmosphere
AD-A030 157/2CP
Analysis of High Altitude Effects Simulation
(HAES)
AD-A033 654/5CP
Atmospheric Transmission Modeling: Proposed
Aerosol Methodology with Application to the
Grafenwoehr Atmospheric Optics Data Base
AD-A035 765/7CP
Mixing-Layer Analysis Routine and Trans-
port/Diffusion Application Routine for EPAMS
AD-A038 399/2CP
Statistical Diagnostic Modeling of Marine Fog
Using Model Output Parameters
AD-A042 059/6CP
MRDA - A Medium Resolution Data Analysis Code
for the HP 2100 Computer
AD-A042 263/4CP
HIDE Revised Wavelength Resolution Emission
and Transmission Model
AD-A042 624/7CP
The Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory Photodis-
sociation-Radiation Model of the Middle At-
mosphere-- A Users Manual
AD-A043 786/3CP
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 14A Ambient At-
mosphere (Major and Minor Neutral Species and
Ionosphere)
AD-A048 013/7CP
A Generalized Computer Program for Primitive-
Equation Models
AD-A048 481 /6CP
A Computational Method for Spectral Molecular
Absorption Using an Improved Voigt Algorithm
AD-A052 685/5CP
An Efficient Computational Approximation to the
Lorentz Line Molecular Absorption Coefficient
AD-A052 686/3CP
Meteorological Sensitivity of LOWTRAN 3B
AD-A053 840/5CP
Atmospheric Transport of X-Rays.
AD-716 801/CP
Atmospheric Model Evaluation
AD-736 443/CP
Arctic Ionosphere Modelling - Five Related
Papers
AD-748 796/CP
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to
28.5/micrometers Computer Code LOWTRAN 2
AD-763 721/CP
An Empirical Model of the Polar Ionosphere
AD-766 240/6CP
Documentation and Description of the Bent Iono-
spheric Model
AD-772 733/2CP
Modeling of Optical IR Backgrounds
AD-774 751/2CP
A FORTRAN Program for Computing Steady-State
Composition Models of the Upper Atmosphere
AD-775 080/5CP
Atmospheric Modeling for Molecular Absorption
Research Project
AD-776 971/4CP
An Empirical Density Model for Predicting Low-
Altitude Satellite Ephemerides Part 1. Data Analy-
sis and Model Formulation
AD-778 820/1CP
A Semi-Markov Weather Model
AD-778 873/OCP
Stimulated Skyglow
AD-781 094/8CP
Simulation Research to Develop Objective
Meteorological Prediction Capability
AD-864 887/CP
ATMOSPHERES
Computational Techniques for the Study of In-
frasound Propagation in the Atmosphere
AD-A024 951 /6CP
Monte Carlo Studies of Sky Radiation
AD-772 640/9CP
A Model for Simulating Random Atmospheres as
a Function of Latitude. Season, and Time
N77-31700/6CP
ATMOSPHERIC ACOUSTICS
Computational Techniques for the Study of In-
frasound Propagation in the Atmosphere
AD-A024 951/6CP
ATMOSPHERIC ATTENUATION
Monochromatic Transmittance/Radiance Compu-
tations
AD-A003 755/6CP
A Study of Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave At-
tenuation and Dispersion in the Earth's At-
mosphere
AD-A015 544/0CP
The Calculation of Millimeter and Submillimeter
Wave Absorption Line Parameters for the Molecu-
lar Oxygen Isotopes: (16)02, (16)0(18)0. and
(18)02
AD-A017 397/1CP
Monte Carlo Studies on the Time-Dependent
Transport of Optical and Infrared Radiation in the
Atmosphere Volume II. Thermal Radiation Trans-
port
AD-A042 769/OCP
Monte Carlo Calculations of the Scattering of 450.
550. and 650 NM Wavelength Light in Model At-
mospheres for Point Isotropic Sources
AD-731 723/CP
Atmospheric Modeling for Molecular Absorption
Research Project
AD-776 971 /4CP
An Experiment to Measure the Modulation
Transfer Function of the Atmosphere in the
Marine Boundary Layer
AD-783 807/1CP
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on High-
Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric Gases. II.
Calculations with the Voigt Line Shape
COM-75-10595/7CP
Atmospheric Transmission Computer Program
Cp.
N75-29602/0CP
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY
Analytic and Numerical Chemistry Algorithms for
the WORRY Code. WORRY Document No 2
AD-A012 002/2CP
An Examination of the Adequacy of the Three-
Species Air Chemistry Treatment for the Predic-
tion of Surface-Burst EMP
AD-A025 280/9CP
Chemistry of Atmospheric Deionization Outside
Intermediate-Altitude Fireballs. II. 15-, 20-, and 25-
km Altitude
AD-A029 890/1 CP
AIRCHEM: A Computational Technique for Model-
ing the Chemistry of the Atmosphere
AD-A030 157/2CP
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 14b Midlatitude
Density Profiles of Selected Atmospheric Species
AD-A043 499/3CP
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 17. High-Altitude
Debris-Energy Deposition
AD-A043 547/9CP
Negative Molecular Ions
AD-A045 725/9CP
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 14A. Ambient At-
mosphere (Major and Minor Neutral Species and
Ionosphere)
AD-A048 013/7CP
Developmental Studies of the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-
Oxygen Systems
AD-775 752/9CP
The Production of Nitric Oxide in the Tropo-
sphere as a Result of Solid-Rocket-Motor After-
burning.
N76-20180/5CP
Software Development: Stratosphere Modeling.
N78-21692/6CP
SULCAL: A Model of Sulfur Chemistry in a Plume
ORNL/NSF/EATC-21
Annual Catalyst Research Program Report. Ap-
pendices. Volume VII
PB-249 913/5CP
ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION
Heat Budget Parameterization for the FNWC
Primitive Equation Model Using Data for 16
January 1974
AD-A009 977/OCP
An Atmospheric Dispersion and Environmental
Prediction Technique
AD-A010 647/6CP
A Generalized Computer Program for Primitive-
Equation Models
AD-A048 481 /6CP
Certain Finite Difference Methods for the Solution
of Large Scale Circulation Problems
AD-743 934/CP
Certain Finite Difference Methods for the Solution
of Large Scale Circulation Problem II
AD-775 076/3CP
Initialization of a 5-Level Global Atmospheric
General Circulation Model Using a Staggered,
Spherical, Sigma Coordinate System
AD-776 321 /2CP
Model of Precipitation and Vertical Air Currents
COM-71-00911/CP
Mesoscale Objective Map Analysis Using
Weighted Time-Series Observations
COM-73-10781/CP
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N71-35701/CP
Mesoscale Air Pollution Transport in Southeast
Wisconsin
PB-265 382/2CP
Description of the General Program Structure of
the Third-Generation NCAR General Circulation
Model
PB-276 694/7CP
ATMOSPHERIC CLOUD PHYSICS LAB (SPACELAB)
Phase B-Final Definition and Preliminary Design
Study for the Initial Atmospheric Cloud Physics
Laboratory (Acpl) A Spacelab Mission Payload
N76-33273/3CP
79
SUBJECT INDEX
ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION
A FORTRAN Program for Computing Steady-Slate
Composition Models of the Upper Atmosphere
AD-775 080/5CP
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on High-
Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric Gases
COM-74-10525/5CP
Feasibility of Satellite Measurement of Strato-
spheric Minor Constituents by Solar Occultation
COM-74-10720/2CP
Global Contamination of the Atmosphere by Kryp-
ton-85 from Worldwide Nuclear Power Plants and
the Radiation Danger
JPRS-53174
Program for Electronic Evaluation of Radiosonde
Ascents.
N70-29112/CP
Measurements of Trace Constituents from At-
mospheric Infrared Emission and Absorption
Spectra, a Feasibility Study
N76-13673/8CP
ATMOSPHERIC DENSITY
Program Structure of Atmospheric Density Pro-
grams
AD-A008 515/9CP
An Updated Empirical Density Model for Predict-
ing Low-Altitude Satellite Ephemerides
AD-A010 424/OCP
A RAND Computation Center Reference: Standard
Atmosphere Calculations with JOSS
AD-A011 029/6CP
Atmospheric Density Determination from Analysis
of Doppler Beacon Satellite Data
AD-A012 195/4CP
Automatic Real-Time Extinction Measurement
AD-A046 484/2CP
A Data Reduction Computer Program for the
AFCRL Triaxial Accelerometer Inflated Falling
Sphere Atmospheric Density Measuring System
AD-705 566/CP
The Low-G Accelerometer Calibration System Or-
bital Accelerometer Experiment Volume I Experi-
ment Description and Methodology
AD-772 717/5CP
An Empirical Density Model for Predicting Low-
Altitude Satellite Ephemerides Part 1. Oata Analy-
sis and Model Formulation
AD-778 820/1CP
Some Recent Innovations in Atmospheric Density
Programs
AD-786 414/3CP
Environmental Dynamics at Orbital Altitudes.
N76-27748/2CP
ATMOSPHERIC DIFFUSION
A Mathematical Model lor the Atmospheric Dis-
semination of Evaporating Aerosol Clouds
(Evaporation Model)
AD-A015 542/4CP
Monte Carlo Simulation of the Turbulent Trans-
port of Airborne Contaminants.
LA-6103
A Direct Numerical Method lor Predicting Con-
centration Profiles in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
over a Flat Plate
N72-26289/CP
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Program for Operational Prediction of Toxic
Fuel Hazards
N73-28050/5CP
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Programs. Version 5.
N76-17658/5CP
Manual for the Computer Program of the Gaus-
sian Plume Model Handleiding voor Hel Compu-
lerprogramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel.
N76-19598/1CP
Diffusion Algorithms and Data Reduction Routine
for Onsile Real-Time Launch Predictions for the
Transport ol delta-Thor Exhaust Effluents
N76-20699/4CP
Dispersion wilhin the Stratosphere of Minor Con-
stituents.
N77-25714/5CP
Dispersion of Trace Constituents in the Slralo-
sphere
N77-31678/4CP
Users Instructions for the NASA/Msfc Cloud-Rise
Preprocessor Program, Version 6, and the
NASA/Mslc Multilayer Diffusion Program. Version
6 Research Version for UNIVAC 1108 System
N78-18573/3CP
Comprehensive Atomospheric Transport and Dif-
fusion Model.
ORNL/NSF/EATC-17
A Particle-in-Cell Method for Numerical Solution
of the Atmospheric Diffusion Equation, and Appli-
cations to Air Pollution Problems. Volume I
PB-209 290/CP
User's Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP) Version 2
PB-240 273/3CP
A Methodology for Treating Large Localized
Emissions of Reactive Pollutants
PB-251 066/7CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data. Volume I
PB-256 651/1CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data. Volume II
PB-256 652/9CP
Users Manual for the APRAC-2 Emissions and
Diffusion Model
PB-275 459/6CP
CPS: A Continuous-Point-Source Computer Code
for Plume Dispersion and Deposition Calculations
UCRL-52049
ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION
CALINE 2 - An Improved Microscale Model for the
Dispersion of Air Pollutants from a Line Source
PB-275 683/1CP
ATMOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES
The Search for Most Unstable Scales of
Disturbances in Three-Layer Atmospheric Models
with Shear and Static Stability-Procedure and
Results
COM-75-10588/2CP
ATMOSPHERIC ECHO SOUNDING
Microcomputer-Controlled Acoustic Echo
Sounder
PB-268 033/8CP
ATMOSPHERIC EFFECTS
Solumat: A Programme for Measuring the In-
fluence of the Atmosphere on Contrast Transfer.
N76-31809/6CP
ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY
Atmospheric Electricity and Tethered Aerostats,
Volume I
AD-A034 847/4CP
ATMOSPHERIC EMISSION
Sky Radiance Calculations in the 0.5 micrometer -
5.0 micrometer Wavelength Range
AD-A015 812/1CP
ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY
Computations of Non-Reacting and Reacting
Viscous Blunt Body Flows, Volume 1
N73-20309/CP
ATMOSPHERIC MODELING
Calculation of Selected Photolytic Rate Constants
over a Diurnal Range A Computer Algorithm
PB-266 739/2CP
ATMOSPHERIC MODELS
Model of Precipitation and Vertical Air Currents
COM-71-00911/CP
Feasibility Study for Remote Sensing of At-
mospheric Turbulence Profiles.
N70-22632/CP
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N72-20322/CP
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Technical
Description, Part 1 .
N74-33021/8CP
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Users
Manual and Programmers Manual, Part 2.
N74-33022/6CP
Computed Mie Scattering Properties lor Laser
Wavelengths in Various Atmospheric Media
N76-14336/1CP
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Programs, Version 5
N76-17658/5CP
Cubic Spline Function Interpolation in At-
mosphere Models for the Software Development
Laboratory: Formulation and Data
N76-27745/8CP
Determination of Constant-Volume Balloon Capa-
bilities for Aeronautical Research
N77-19715/0CP
Monte Carlo Analysis of Uncertainty Propagation
in a Stratospheric Model. 1: Development of a
Concise Stratospheric Model.
N77-29673/9CP
Software Development: Stratosphere Modeling.
N78-21692/6CP
Simulations of the Monthly Mean Atmosphere for
February 1976 with the Giss Model
N78-24754/1CP
A Regional Air Quality Simulation Model (A
Description of the Connecticut Air Pollution
Model as Developed by the Travelers Research
Center)
PB-206 938/CP
Continued Research in Mesoscale Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling: Volume II. Refinements in
the Treatment of Chemistry, Meteorology, and
Numerical Integration Procedures
PB-257 527/2CP
Continued Research in Mesoscala Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling: Volume III. Modeling of
Micsoscale Pheonoena
PB-257 528/0CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study. Part I
PB-266 255/9CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study. Part II
PB-266 756/6CP
Atmospheric Simulation Using Stratified Liquid
Models
PB-274 529/7CP
Description of the General Program Structure of
the Third-Generation NCAR General Circulation
Model
PB-276 694/7CP
User's Guide for PAL A Guassian-Plume Al-
gorithm for Point, Area, and Line Sources
PB-281 306/1CP
Modeling the Planetary Boundary Layer Using the
Galerkin Finite-Element Method
UCRL-78120
ATMOSPHERIC MOTION
Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale Interac-
tions on Global Climate. Volume I. Orographic Ef-
fects on Global Climate
AD-A007 034/2CP
Meso-Scale and Small-Scale Interactions on
Global Climate. Volume II. Radiation Transport Ef-
fects on Global Climate
AD-A007 035/9CP
A Numerical Study of an Idealized Ocean Using
Non Linear Lateral Eddy Viscosity Coefficients
AD-A009 973/9CP
A Mathematical Model for the Atmospheric Dis-
semination of Evaporating Aerosol Clouds
(Evaporation Model)
AD-A015 542/4CP
A Description of the Atmospheric Turbulence En-
vironment Derived from the Critical Atmospheric
Turbulence (ALLCAT) Program
AD-A042 549/6CP
Application of Doppler Weather Radar to Turbu-
lence Measurements Which Affect Aircraft
AD-A048 603/5CP
Diagnostic Studies of Sybsynoptic Atmospheric
Structure
AD-726 628/CP
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-730 748/CP
An Investigation into the Effect of an Industrial
Heat and Moisture Source on Local Atmospheric
Conditions
AD-733 227/CP
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-739 541/CP
A Documentation of the Mintz-Arakawa Two-Level
Atmospheric General Circulation Model
AD-740 093/CP
Certain Finite Difference Methods for the Solution
of Large Scale Circulation Problems
AD-743 934/CP
Atmospheric Turbulence Field Parameters Deter-
mination
AD-745 946/CP
A Study of Charged Particle Motion in a Free Vor-
tex Flowfield
AD-749 285/CP
80
SUBJECT INDEX
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-750 727/CP
Mass Dispersion from an Instantaneous Line
Source in a Turbulent Shear Flow
AD-753 268/CP
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-762 584/CP
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-772 490/9CP
Regional Effluent Dispersion Calculations Con-
sidering Spatial and Temporal Meteorological
Variations
COM-74-11627/8CP
Users Manual for the APRAC-1A Urban Diffusion
Model Computer Program
PB-213 091/2CP
User's Guide for the Climatological Dispersion
Model
PB-227 346/4CP
User's Guide for Hiway. A Highway Air Pollution
Model
PB-239 944/2CP
User's Guide for Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide
Transport Model
PB-259 719/3CP
Climatological Dispersion Model QC (CDMQC)
Computer Program
PB-276 516/2CP
Modeling of Transport in the Two-Dimensional
Atmospheric Transport and Kinetics Codes
SPHERNEW and TRACER
UCID-17203
ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS
Analysis and Programming for Research in
Physics of the Upper Atmosphere
AD-A034 066/1CP
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to 28.5
Micrometers: Supplement LOWTRAN 3B (1976)
AD-A040 701 /5CP
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 10. Models of Ion
Leak and Loss Cone Patches
AD-A048 014/5CP
EHF Transfer and Shielding Properties of Air
(Summary of 1974-1977 Activities)
AD-A048 067/3CP
Analysis and Research for Integrated Systems in
Physics of the Atmosphere
AD-A051 126/1CP
Atmospheric-Absorption Adjustment Procedure
for Aircraft Flyover Noise Measurements
AD-A051 700/3CP
An Experimental Study of the Freezing of Drops
in Free Fall
AD-776 390/7CP
Geophysical Monitoring for Climatic Change No
1 Summary Report 1972
COM-74-10908/3CP
Program for Electronic Evaluation of Radiosonde
Ascents
N70-29112/CP
Zero-Gravity Atmospheric Cloud Physics Experi-
ment Laboratory; Programmatics Report
N75-24526/6CP
ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATION
A Parameterized Numerical Model of Orographic
Precipitation
PB-192 757/CP
ATMOSPHERIC PRECIPITATIONS
Operational Aspects of Project Metromex An In-
advertent Weather Modification Study.
COO-1199-45
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE
A RAND Computation Center Reference Standard
Atmosphere Calculations with JOSS
AD-A011 029/6CP
ATMOSPHERIC RADIANCE
A Specular Chamber for Off-Axis Response
Evaluations of High-Rejection Optical Balding
System
AD-A031 212/4CP
ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION
A High Altitude Infrared Radiance Model
AD-A008 035/8CP
Extinction of a Tangential Ray. by Ray Tracing
Through the Atmosphere
N70-36971/CP
Evaluation of Upwelling Infrared Radiance from
Earth's Atmosphere.
N76-13663/9CP
Computer Program for Calculation of the Incident
Radiation Per Day on a Horizontal Surface at the
Edge of the Atmosphere een Computerprogram-
ma voor Het Berekenen van de Inkomende Stral-
ing Aan de Rand van de Atmosfeer Per DAG Door
een Horizontaal Oppervlak
N78-23668/4CP
ATMOSPHERIC REFRACTION
Refractive Effects in Remote Sensing of the At-
mosphere with Infrared Transmission Spectrosco-
py
AD-A011 253/2CP
Turbulence Characterization and Control
AD-A027 155/1CP
Comparisons of Radar Refraction Correction
Computer Programs at Selected Test Ranges
AD-762 383/CP
A Method for Determination of Atmospheric
Refraction Characteristics Through Use of
Navigational Satellite Data
AD-849 142/CP
ATMOSPHERIC SCATTERING
Monte Carlo Calculations of the Scattering of 450,
550, and 650 NM Wavelength Light in Model At-
mospheres for Point Isotropic Sources
AD-731 723/CP
Analysis of Incoherent Scatter Data Obtained at
the Jicamarca Radar Observatory
COM-72-10297/CP
ATMOSPHERIC SOUNDING
Computing Methods Used in Support of Modeling
Electron Concentrations in High-Altitude Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-A009 069/6CP
Remote Infrared Atmospheric Profiling System
(RIAPS)
AD-A018 562/9CP
ICECAP '74--Chatanika Radar Results
AD-A026 703/9CP
Techniques of Determining Ionospheric Structure
from Oblique Radio Propagation Measurements
AD-A038 299/4CP
Comparison of ICECAP and EXCEDE Rocket
Measurements with Computer Code Predictions
AD-A047 526/9CP
Modeling for Multispectral Infrared and
Microwave Remote Sensing of the Troposphere
AD-A050 170/0CP
Development of a Real-Time Rocketsonde and a
Real-Time Radiosonde Computer Program
AD-A053 608/6CP
Recording and Analysis of Optical Data from
Stratospheric Dynamics Experiments
AD-A054 013/8CP
Data Reduction Program for Rocketsonde Tem-
peratures
AD-724 599/CP
Project SECEDE. Tracking Barium releases using
the TV-TRACK System
AD-731 574/CP
Digital Processing of FM-CW Radar Data
AD-733 295/CP
A Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter
AD-737 802/CP
Photo-Equilibrium of Barium
AD-739 166/CP
A Compendium of Optical Interferometer Results
on Secede II
AD-744 833/CP
A General-Purpose Meteorological Rocket Data
Reduction Program
AD-751 780/CP
Detection and Analysis of Synoptic-Scale
Periodicities in Rocketsonde Data
AD-782 358/6CP
Accurate Langmuir Probe Measurements with an
On-Line Computer
COM-73-11634/5CP
Atmospheric Transmittance Models for Infrared
Radiometric Measurements
COM-74-11295/4CP
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on High-
Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric Gases II
Calculations with the Voigt Line Shape
COM-75-10595/7CP
Microcomputer-Controlled Acoustic Echo
Sounder
PB-268 033/8CP
ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE
Test and Evaluation of a VTPR Retrieval System
from Clear-Column NOAA 2 Radiances
AD-A009 921 /8CP
A RAND Computation Center Reference: Standard
Atmosphere Calculations with JOSS
AD-A011 029/6CP
Recording and Analysis of Optical Data from
Stratospheric Dynamics Experiments
AD-A054 013/8CP
Calculation of Levels of Relative Contribution of
the Carbon-Dioxide Channel Radiance from
TIROS VII in the Case of a Large-Scale Strato-
spheric Warming in January 1964
AD-736 529/CP
A Statistical Model of Atmospheric Temperature
Signals
AD-743 760/CP
Application of Adaptive Estimation to Tempera-
ture Forecasting
AD-759 546/CP
Hand Calculator Program to Compute Parcel
Thermal Dynamics
PB-283 080/0CP
ATMOSPHERIC TIDES
A Gravitational Potential for Atmospheric Earth
Tides Caused by the Moon
AD-A038 155/8CP
ATMOSPHERIC TR ANSMISSIVITY
Atmospheric Transmittance and Radiance:
Methods of Calculation
AD-A017 459/9CP
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to 28.5
Microns: Computer Code LOWTRAN 3
AD-A017 734/5CP
Propagation Modeling and Analysis for High
Energy Lasers
AD-A023 537/4CP
Transonic Thermal Blooming
AD-A026 456/4CP
SSPARAMA: A Nonlinear. Wave Optics Multipulse
(and CW) Steady-State Propagation Code with
Adaptive Coordinates
AD-A037 395/1 CP
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to 28.5
Micrometers: Supplement LOWTRAN 3B (1976)
AD-A040 701/5CP
MRDA - A Medium Resolution Data Analysis Code
for the HP 2100 Computer
AD-A042 263/4CP
Comparison of the 3-5 Micrometer and 8-12
Micrometer Regions for Advanced Thermal Imag-
ing Systems: LOWTRAN Revisited
AD-A049 448/4CP
Theoretical Study of the Turbulence Induced
Scintillation of a Dirty Laser Beam
AD-A050 874/7CP
Methods for Prediction of Atmospheric Effects on
Laser Guidance Systems
AD-A051 617/9CP
A Computational Method for Spectral Molecular
Absorption Using an Improved Voigt Algorithm
AD-A052 685/5CP
An Efficient Computational Approximation to the
Lorentz Line Molecular Absorption Coefficient
AD-A052 686/3CP
Meteorological Sensitivity of LOWTRAN 3B
AD-A053 840/5CP
A Matrix Approach to a Propagation Code
AD-A055 463/4CP
Computed Mie Scattering Properties for Laser
Wavelengths in Various Atmospheric Media.
N76-14336/1CP
Infrared Sea and Sky Background Radiation.
N77-24935/7CP
A Stellar Scintillometer tor Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
PB-257 376/4CP
Stellar Scintillometer Model II for Measurement ot
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
PB-273 921/7CP
Time-Dependent Propagation of High Energy
Laser BEAMS Through the Atmosphere
UCRL-51826
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE
A Comparison of a Coaxial Focused Laser Dop-
pler System in Atmospheric Measurements
N73-30627/6CP
81
SUBJECT INDEX
ATMOSPHERICS
A Center for the Description of Environmental
Conditions. Weather Phenomena
AD-773 046/8CP
Reduction and Error Analysis of the AVE 2 Pilot
Experiment Data.
N75-12531/0CP
ATOM MOLECULE INTERACTIONS
Ionospheric Chemistry: Comparison of AIRCHEM
Predictions with Results of Laboratory Simula-
tions
AD-A024 146/3CP
ATS 5
Lockheed Experiment on Ats-5 Quarterly Report.
1 Mar. - 31 May 1970
N70-35689/CP
AURORAE
AURORA: An NRL Auroral Chemistry Code
AD-A004 602/9CP
BREMGAT: A Code for the Generation and Trans-
port of Brensstrahlung Through the Atmosphere
AD-A006 189/5CP
Design and Calibration of a Rocket-Borne Elec-
tron Spectrometer
AD-A011 931/3CP
Auroral Simulation Studies HAES Report No 6
AD-A012 476/8CP
Auroral Spectrograph Data Reduction System
AD-A019 110/6CP
Comparison of ICECAP and EXCEDE Rocket
Measurements with Computer Code Predictions
AD-A047 526/9CP
Auroral Simulation Effects
AD-A049 066/4CP
Design. Fabrication and Use of an Instrument for
Real-Time Determination of Polar Electrojet Posi-
tion and Current Parameters
AD-760 767/CP
Stimulated Skyglow
AD-781 094/8CP
Studies of Auroral Simulation
AD-781 275/3CP
AURORAL SPECTROSCOPY
Lockheed Experiment on Ats-5 Quarterly Report,
1 Mar - 31 May 1970
N70-35689/CP
AURORAL ZONES
Auroral Oval Kinematics Program
N72-18359/CP
Analysis of Low Energy Electrons
N73-31638/2CP
AUSTRALIA
Global Horizontal Solar Radiation for Australian
Locations Stored in the CSIRO CYBER 7600
System: The Data and Method of Retrieval
S.E.S.-75/3
AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST
CALINE 2 - An Improved Microscale Model for the
Dispersion of Air Pollutants from a Line Source
PB-275 683/1CP
AUTOMOBILES
Annual Catalyst Research Program Report. Ap-
pendices. Volume VII
PB-249 913/5CP
AVIATION SAFETY
Wind Shear Modeling for Aircraft Hazard Defini-
tion
AD-A053 178/OCP
BACKGROUND RADIATION
Infrared Sea and Sky Background Radiation.
N77-24935/7CP
BACKSCATTERING
Calculation ot the Desired Angle Values for the
Alignment of a Stabilized Two Axis Rotating Plat-
form in an Aircraft Berechnung der Winkel-Soll-
werte luer die Ausrichtung Eines Stabilisierten
Zwei-Achsen-Drehstandes in Einem Flugzeug.
N78-14235/3CP
User's Guide to the Nimbus-4 Backscatter Ul-
traviolet Experiment Data Sets.
N78-21694/2CP
BALLOONS
Criteria for Controlling Vertical Motion of Strato-
spheric Balloons
AD-A017 552/1CP
Atmospheric Electricity and Tethered Aerostats,
Volume I
AD-A034 847/4CP
A Compendium of the Mechanical Properties of
Polyethylene Balloon Films
AD-746 678/CP
BAND SPECTRA
Band Model Parameters for the 4 3-microns Fun-
damental Band of C02 in the 100-3000 K Tem-
perature Range
AD-A021 786/9CP
BARIUM
Photo-Equilibrium of Barium
AD-739 166/CP
8EACH EROSION
Forecasting Storm-Induced Beach Changes along
Virginia's Ocean Coast
AD-752 141/CP
BEACHES
Forecasting Storm-Induced Beach Changes along
Virginia's Ocean Coast
AD-752 141/CP
BETA PARTICLES
Post Stabilization Ionization Level Predictions.
Volume III of the Calendar Year 1975 Annual Re-
port to the Defense Nuclear Agency
AD-A043 178/3CP
BOOMLESS SUPERSONIC FLIGHT
Test and Evaluation of a Real-Time Simulated
Transcontinental Supersonic Boomless Flight
System. Volume I. Main Text and Appendix A
AD-A014 965/8CP
BOUNDARY LAYER
Mixing-Layer Analysis Routine and Trans-
port/Diffusion Application Routine for EPAMS
AD-A038 399/2CP
BOUNDARY LAYERS
Development of a Three-Dimensional Model of
the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Using the Finite
Element Method
UCRL-52366
BOW WAVES
Correlative Studies of the Solar Wind. The Inter-
planetary Magnetic Field, and Their Effects on the
Geomagnetic Cavity Using Explorer 33 and 35
Data
N73-14808/CP
BREMSSTRAHLUNG
BREMGAT: A Code for the Generation and Trans-
port of Brensstrahlung Through the Atmosphere
AD-A006 189/5CP
BRIGHTNESS TEMPERATURE
Ground Truth Data for Test Sites (SI-3).
N75-29531/1CP
Retrieval of Surface Temperature by Remote
Sensing.
N76-22637/2CP
BUILDING CODES
Statistical Analysis of Extreme Winds
COM-75-10945/4CP
BUILDINGS
Effects ot Atmospheric Variability on Energy
Utilization and Conservation
COO-1340-52
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume I: Technical Report
PB-261 144/0CP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume II: Computer Program User's
Manual
PB-261 145/7CP
BWR TYPE REACTORS
Tutank: A Two-Dimensional Neutron Kinetics
Code.
AEEW-R-1002
CANADA
Physical Mechanisms Responsible for the Major
Synoptic Systems in the Eastern Canadian Arctic
in the Winter and Summer of 1973
PB-258 821/8CP
CARBON DIOXIDE
Band Model Parameters for the 4.3-microns Fun-
damental Band of C02 in the 100-3000 K Tem-
perature Range
AD-A021 786/9CP
CALINE 2 - An Improved Microscale Model for the
Dispersion of Air Pollutants from a Line Source
PB-275 683/1CP
CARBON MONOXIDE
User's Guide for Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide
Transport Model
PB-259 719/3CP
CHARGED PARTICLES
A Study of Charged Particle Motion in a Free Vor-
tex Flowfield
AD-749 285/CP
CHEMICAL EFFLUENTS
CPS: A Continuous-Point-Source Computer Code
for Plume Dispersion and Deposition Calculations
UCRL-52049
CHEMICAL REACTIONS
Investigation of Warm Fog Properties and Fog
Modification Concepts
N71-22619/CP
CHEMICAL RELEASE STUDIES
Computing Methods Used in Support of Modeling
Electron Concentrations in High-Altitude Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-A009 069/6 CP
Project SECEDE. Tracking Barium releases using
the TV-TRACK System
AD-731 574/CP
A Compendium of Optical Interferometer Results
on Secede II
AD-744 833/CP
Application of a Computer-Controlled Two-
Dimensional Densitometer to Photograph Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-763 082/CP
CHICAGO
Evaluation of Emission Control Strategies for Sul-
fur Dioxide and Particulates in the Chicago
Metropolitan Air Quality Control Region
ANL-IIPP-2
CIRCUITS
Analysis and Calculation of Lightning-Induced
Voltages in Aircraft Electrical Circuits
N74-14754/7CP
CIRRUS CLOUDS
Remote Sensing of Cirrus Cloud Compositions
from Satellites
AD-A026 512/4CP
CLEAR AIR TURBULENCE
EHF Transfer and Shielding Properties of Air
(Summary of 1974-1977 Activities)
AD-A048 067/3CP
Turbulence Forecasting Procedures
AD-731 134/CP
Digital Processing of FM-CW Radar Data
AD-733 295/CP
Numerical Forecasting of Clear Air Turbulence
AD -81 8 985/CP
Feasibility Study for Remote Sensing of At-
mospheric Turbulence Profiles.
N70-22632/CP
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N71-35701/CP
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N72-20322/CP
CLIMATE
Software Tools for Climate Simulation
AD-A017 664/4CP
Programming and the Climate Dynamics Project
AD-A019 344/1 CP
Climatic Modeling of the Earth-Atmosphere
System
AD-A020 458/6CP
Disease Information System. Ground Temperature
Derived from Other Geophysical Observations
AD-A021 524/4CP
Development of Numerical Techniques and Com-
puter Systems for Climatological, Ionospheric and
Microwave Physics Applications
AD-A022 975/7CP
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-772 490/9CP
Analytic Solution of Coupled Mode Equations by
Computer
AD-772 828/OCP
CLIMATE SIMULATION
Software Tools for Climate Simulation
AD-A017 664/4CP
CLIMATIC CHANGES
Geophysical Monitoring for Climatic Change No
1. Summary Report 1972
COM-74-10908/3CP
82
SUBJECT INDEX
COMPUTER PROGRAMS
CLIMATOLOGY
Synoptic-Scale Weather Disturbances that In-
(luence the Fire Climate in Southeast Asia During
the Normally Dry Period
AD-721 112/CP
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-730 748/CP
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-739 541/CP
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-750 727/CP
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-762 584/CP
User's Guide for the Climatological Dispersion
Model
PB-227 346/4CP
Climatological Dispersion Model QC (CDMQC)
Computer Program
PB-276 516/2CP
CLIMATOLOGY DISPERSION MODEL
Climatological Dispersion Model QC (CDMQC)
Computer Program
PB-276 516/2CP
CLOUD COVER
Implementation of the SRI Objective Cloud
Tracking System at NEPRF
AD-A021 772/9CP
Statistical Analysis of NOAA Solar/Weather Tapes.
Program Summary
AD-A047 357/9CP
Development of Cloud/Fog Analysis and Applica-
tion Subroutines for Experimental Prototype Au-
tomatic Meteorological System (EPAMS)
AD-A048 564/9CP
Persistence, Runs, and Recurrence of Sky Cover
AD-A053 199/6CP
Improved Three Dimensional Nephanalysis Model
AD-736 798/CP
A UNIVAC 1108 Computer Program for Use with
Worldwide Cloud Cover Distribution Data
N72-16144/CP
CLOUD PHOTOGRAPHY
Machine Analysis of Infrared Cloud Images Ob-
tained by the Cosmos-122 Satellite.
N71-10986/CP
CLOUD PHYSICS
A Precipitating Convective Cloud Model
AD-A002 117/OCP
Development and Application of Data Processing
Techniques and Analytic Procedures to Cloud
Physics Data
AD-A018 662/7CP
Computations with the Rand Cloud Model for the
HIPLEX Workshop, June 1975
AD-A022 268/7CP
A Technique to Specify Liquid Water Content at a
Point in the Atmosphere
AD-A027 457/1CP
Numerical Approximations of Selected
Meteorologicl Parameters Related to Cloud
Physics
AD-757 623/CP
Zero-Gravity Atmospheric Cloud Physics Experi-
ment Laboratory; Programmatics Report.
N75-24526/6CP
Proiect Fog Drops 5 Task 1: A Numerical Model
of Advection Fog Task 2: Recommendations for
Simplified Individual Zero-Gravity Cloud Physics
Experiments
N76-13702/5CP
Phase B-Final Definition and Preliminary Design
Study for the Initial Atmospheric Cloud Physics
Laboratory (Acpl) A Spacelab Mission Payload
N76-33273/3CP
Atmospheric Cloud Physics Thermal Systems
Analysis.
N77-26753/2CP
Computer Modeling of Cumulus Clouds During
Project Cloud Catcher
PB-281 028/1CP
CLOUO SEEDING
Great Lakes Snowstorms Part 1 Cloud Physics
Aspects.
COM-71-00012/CP
Outline of a Bayesian Approach to the EML Multi-
ple Cloud-Seeding Experiments
COM-71-00875/CP
On the Use of Gamma Functions and Bayesian
Analysis in Evaluating Florida Cumulus Seeding
Results
COM-73-11202/1CP
Guide to Computer Programs Used in the Statisti-
cal Analysis of Florida Cumulus Seeding Experi-
ments
COM-74-11286/3CP
Digitizing. Recording, and Computer Processing
Weather Radar Data at the Experimental
Meteorology Laboratory
COM-74-11464/6CP
Investigation of Warm Fog Properties and Fog
Modification Concepts
N71-22619/CP
Atmospheric Simulation Using Stratified Liquid
Models
PB-274 529/7CP
CLOUDS
A Cloud Advection Model
AD-A020 045/1CP
Implementation of the SRI Objective Cloud
Tracking System at NEPRF
AD-A021 772/9CP
Theoretical Aspects of the Determination of Parti-
cle-Size Distributions from Measurements of
Scattered Light Intensity
AD-721 089/CP
A Study of Cloud Dynamics Utilizing Stereoscopic
Photogrammetry
AD-733 284/CP
CLOUDS (METEOROLOGY)
Studies in the Use of Cloud Type Statistics in
Mission Simulation
N74-30053/4CP
CLUSTERING
The Kinetics of Evolution of Water Vapor Clusters
in Air
AD-A025 675/OCP
COLLISION RATES
Fortran Programs for Calculating Lower Iono-
sphere Electron Densities and Collision Frequen-
cies from Rocket Data.
N70-42935/CP
COLORADO
Predicting Heavy Snowfall for Colorado Springs
Based on Computer Derived Synoptic Map Types
AD-718 422/CP
COMMAND AND CONTROL
User Guide to a Command and Control System; a
Part of a Prelaunch Wind Monitoring Program.
N77-15056/3CP
COMPUTATION
Program to Calculate Winds Aloft Using a
Hewlett-Packard 25 Hand Calculator
PB-266 968/7CP
COMPUTATIONS
Atmospheric Transmittance and Radiance:
Methods of Calculation
AD-A017 459/9CP
COMPUTER AIDED DIAGNOSIS
Mixing-Layer Analysis Routine and Trans-
port/Diffusion Application Routine for EPAMS
AD-A038 399/2CP
COMPUTER CALCULATIONS
Hetran A Subprogram Package for Predicting the
Heat Transfer Across the Surface of a Natural
Body of Water
BNWL-B-361
COMPUTER CODES
Tutank; A Two-Dimensional Neutron Kinetics
Code
AEEW-R-1002
ATMOSPHERE Fluid-Dynamic Simulation Model
for Predicting Spreading Processes in the At-
mospheric Boundary Layer
ANL-Trans-1103
Hetran A Subprogram Package for Predicting the
Heat Transfer Across the Surface of a Natural
Body of Water
BNWL-B-361
Monte Carlo Simulation of Turbulent Atmospheric
Transport Comparison with Experimental Data
CONF-771 109-58
WNDROS; A Program for Displaying Wind Rose
Data
ORNL/CSD/TM-40
SULCAL; A Model of Sulfur Chemistry in a Plume
ORNL/NSF/EATC-21
Oak Ridge Fog and Drift Code (ORFAD) Users
Manual
ORNL/TM-5201
PATRIC: A Three Dimensional Particle-in-Cell
Sequential Puff Code for Modeling the Transport
and Diffusion of Atmospheric Pollutants
UCID-17701
Applications of Episode: An Experimental
Package for the Integration of Systems of Ordina-
ry Differential Equations
UCRL-75868
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
WINDVEL2: A Program for Plotting Wind Velocity
as Determined by OTH Radar
AD-A002 954/6CP
COMPUTER PROGRAM DOCUMENTATION
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings Volume I: Technical Report
PB-261 144/0CP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings Volume II. Computer Program Users
Manual
PB-261 145/7CP
COMPUTER PROGRAMMING
A Computer Program to Select Typhoon Analogs
and Print Out Their Descriptions Including Sub-
sequent Changes
AD-A009 530/7CP
Description of Automatic Plotting Computer Pro-
grams Beschrijving van Het Programmapakket
T.B.V. Het Automatisch Plotten
N78-23788/0CP
The Development of Computer Programs Applica-
ble to Meaningful Precipitation Management Ex-
periments
PB-202 199/CP
Efficient FORTRAN Subprograms for the Solution
of Elliptic Partial Differential Equations
PB-263 498/8CP
Description of the General Program Structure of
the Third-Generation NCAR General Circulation
Model
PB-276 694/7CP
COMPUTER PROGRAMS
Program TRUWIND
AD-A005 311/6CP
A High Altitude Infrared Radiance Model
AD-A008 035/8CP
Program Structure of Atmospheric Density Pro-
grams
AD-A008 515/9CP
A RAND Computation Center Reference: Standard
Atmosphere Calculations with JOSS
AD-A011 029/6CP
Basic ZOOM Program
AD-A011 409/OCP
Program Graphic
AD-A011 416/5CP
Verification Study of a Bathystrophic Storm Surge
Model
AD-A012 799/3CP
A Cloud Advection Model
AD-A020 045/1 CP
Study of Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in the
Magnetosphere
AD-A020 301/8CP
Climatic Modeling of the Earth-Atmosphere
System
AD-A020 458/6CP
Asymptotic Properties of the Mie Coefficients
AO-A023 078/9CP
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program for the
Southwest Pacific Ocean and Australian Region
AD-A023 676/OCP
Computational Techniques for the Study of In-
frasound Propagation in the Atmosphere
AD-A024 951/6CP
Chemistry of Atmospheric Deionization Outside
Intermediate-Altitude Fireballs II 15-, 20-, and 25-
km Altitude
AD-A029 890/1 CP
AIRCHEM A Computational Technique for Model-
ing the Chemistry of the Atmosphere
AD-A030 157/2CP
Research to Develop Improved Models of Cli-
matology That Will Assist The Meteorologist in
the Timely Operation ol the Air Force Weather
Detachments
AD-A032 317/OCP
Storm Surge Simulation in Transformed Coor-
dinates. Volume II. Program Documentation
AD-A034 651 /0CP
83
SUBJECT INDEX
Storm Surge Simulation in Transformed Coor-
dinates. Volume I. Theory and Application
AD-A034 763/3CP
Ocean Climatology Extraction and Adjustment
Program (or the Mediterranean Program SOVEL
AD-A035 170/0CP
MRDA - A Medium Resolution Data Analysis Code
for the HP 2100 Computer
AD-A042 263/4CP
A Description of the Atmospheric Turbulence En-
vironment Derived from the Critical Atmospheric
Turbulence (ALLCAT) Program
AD-A042 549/6CP
A Generalized Computer Program for Primitive-
Equation Models
AD-A048 481 /6CP
Development of Cloud/Fog Analysis and Applica-
tion Subroutines for Experimental Prototype Au-
tomatic Meteorological System (EPAMS)
AD-A048 564/9CP
Chatanika Model of the High-Latitude Ionosphere
for Application to HF Propagation Prediction
AD-A053 154/1CP
Curve Fitting General Least Squares Program
with Side Conditions
AD-722 103/CP
The B-MALMID-4 Program: Ballistic Messages at
Arbitrary Locations from Mixed Input Data
AD-733 419/CP
Atmospheric Model Evaluation
AD-736 443/CP
A General-Purpose Meteorological Rocket Data
Reduction Program
AD-751 780/CP
Mathematical-Model Programs
AD-760 117/CP
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to
28 5/micrometers Computer Code LOWTRAN 2
AD-763 721/CP
Documentation and Description of the Bent Iono-
spheric Model
AD-772 733/2CP
A FORTRAN Program for Computing Steady-State
Composition Models of the Upper Atmosphere
AD-775 080/5CP
A Three-Parameter Model for Limited Area
Forecasting
AD-777 406/0CP
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological Data
Reduction Part I Rawinsonde
AD-782 685/2CP
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological Data
Reduction. Part II. Rocketsonde
AD-782 686/0CP
A Program for Calculating Three-Dimensional
Acoustic-Gravity Ray Paths in the Atmosphere
COM-71-50410/CP
National Weather Service River Forecast System
Forecast Procedures
COM-73-10365/CP
SCINTDR-A Program for Controlling the Fremouw
Scintillation Model
COM-74-10824/2CP
Computer Software for Rainfall Analyses and
Echo Tracking of Digitized Radar Data
COM-74-11253/3CP
Guide to Computer Programs Used in the Statisti-
cal Analysis of Florida Cumulus Seeding Experi-
ments
COM-74-11286/3CP
Program Descriptions. Supplement to Mesoscale
Wind Fields and Transport Estimates Determined
from a Network of Wind Towers
COM-74-11470/3CP
A Semi-Automated System for True Height Analy-
sis of Film lonograms Part 3 Documentation of
Software
COM-74-11808/4CP
Program for Electronic Evaluation of Radiosonde
Ascents
N70-29112/CP
Radiosonde Ascents Reaching High Altitudes -
Tripoli. Libya. 1951-1957 Part 1 - Work Report.
N70-31479/CP
A Ray Tracing Digital Computer Program for the
Study of Magnetospheric Duct Propagation
N70-35774/CP
Extinction of a Tangential Ray. by Ray Tracing
Through the Atmosphere.
N70-36971/CP
Fortran Programs for Calculating Lower Iono-
sphere Electron Densities and Collision Frequen-
cies from Rocket Data
N70-42935/CP
Program Eldose for Calculating the Distribution
of Absorbed Doses in Space Environment and
Charged Particle Acceleration Thin Films (Protons
and Electrons)
N71-25669/CP
Taer Wind Conversion Program (Tarwon) User's
Manual
N71-30149/CP
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N71-35701/CP
A UNIVAC 1108 Computer Program for Use with
Worldwide Cloud Cover Distribution Data
N72-16144/CP
Auroral Oval Kinematics Program
N72-18359/CP
Equation of State of the Air for Pressures Up to
1000 Bar and Temperatures Up to 3000 K Equa-
tion Detat de Lair pour Une Pression Inferieure a
1000 Bar et Une Temperature Inferieure a 3000 K
N72-24972/CP
Numerical Weather Prediction in Finland During
1969
N72-28639/CP
Computer Program for Calculation of Geostrophic
Trajectories . Datorprogram Foer Beraekning AV
Geostrofiska Trajektorier
N73-11656/CP
OGO-F-02 Data Analysis
N73-13376/CP
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Program for Operational Prediction of Toxic
Fuel Hazards
N73-28050/5CP
The Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5.
N74-20502/2CP
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Technical
Description, Part 1.
N74-33021/8CP
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Users
Manual and Programmers Manual, Part 2.
N74-33022/6CP
Reduction and Error Analysis of the AVE 2 Pilot
Experiment Data.
N75-12531/0CP
Computer Program Compatible with a Laser
Nephelometer.
N75-28749/0CP
Atmospheric Transmission Computer Program
Cp
N75-29602/0CP
Eso Bulletin No. 12.
N76-12912/1CP
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Programs, Version 5.
N76-17658/5CP
Investigation of Aerosol Characteristics and Their
Measurement
N76-17683/3CP
Manual for the Computer Program of the Gaus-
sian Plume Model Handleiding voor Het Compu-
terprogramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel.
N76-19598/1CP
Diffusion Algorithms and Data Reduction Routine
for Onsite Real-Time Launch Predictions for the
Transport of delta-Thor Exhaust Effluents
N76-20699/4CP
Aafe Radscat Data Reduction Programs User'S
Guide.
N76-22643/0CP
Ap-8 Trapped Proton Environment for Solar Max-
imum and Solar Minimum.
N77-18983/5CP
Reduction and Analysis of Data Collected During
the Electromagnetic Tornado Experiment.
N77-19710/1CP
Manual for the Gaussian Plume Model Computer
Program Handleiding voor Het Computerpro-
gramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel
N77-20629/OCP
A Program for Reading Ionospheric Data.
N78-23650/2CP
Computer Program for Calculation of the Incident
Radiation Per Day on a Horizontal Surface at the
Edge of the Atmosphere een Computerprogram-
ma voor Het Berekenen van de Inkomende Stral-
ing Aan de Rand van de Atmosfeer Per DAG Door
een Horizontaal Oppervlak.
N78-23668/4CP
A Program for Calculating Thiessen Average
Rainfall
PB-211 232/CP
Users Manual for the APRAC-1A Urban Diffusion
Model Computer Program
PB-213 091/2CP
Direct Beam Solar Radiation. A Digital Computer
program
PB-236 902/3CP
Adaptation of Gaussian Plume Model to Incor-
porate Multiple Station Data Input. Volume II. Ap-
pendices
PB-252 558/2CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data. Volume II
PB-256 652/9CP
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program (SYNOP)
PB-264 563/8CP
Computer Software for the Assessment of Growth
Histories of Weather Radar Echoes
PB-268 753/1 CP
Users' Manual for the APRAC-2 Emissions and
Diffusion Model
PB-275 459/6CP
Hand Calculator Program to Compute Parcel
Thermal Dynamics
PB-283 080/OCP
Recursive Relationships for the Thermodynamic
Properties of the Earth's Atmosphere at a Set of
Geopotential Altitudes
SCL-DR-720097
COMPUTER PROGRAMS LIGHT PULSES
SSPARAMA: A Nonlinear. Wave Optics Multipulse
(and CW) Steady-State Propagation Code with
Adaptive Coordinates
AD-A037 395/1 CP
COMPUTER SYSTEMS PROGRAMS
User Guide to a Command and Control System; a
Part of a Prelaunch Wind Monitoring Program.
N77-15056/3CP
COMPUTER TECHNIQUES
D-Region Blunt Probe Data Analysis Using Hybrid
Computer Techniques
N73-31147/4CP
COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION
Auroral Simulation Studies HAES Report No. 6
AD-A012 476/8CP
A Mathematical Model for the Atmospheric Dis-
semination of Evaporating Aerosol Clouds
(Evaporation Model)
AD-A015 542/4CP
Software Tools for Climate Simulation
AD-A017 664/4CP
Programming and the Climate Dynamics Project
AD-A019 344/1 CP
The Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory Photodis-
sociation-Radiation Model of the Middle At-
mosphere - A Users Manual
AD-A043 786/3CP
Comparison of ICECAP and EXCEDE Rocket
Measurements with Computer Code Predictions
AD-A047 526/9CP
Morphology and Dynamics of Ionospheric Storms
AD-774 760/3CP
Developmental Studies of the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-
Oxygen Systems
AD-775 752/9CP
Studies of Auroral Simulation
AD-781 275/3CP
Amps Data Management Requirements Study.
N76-11736/5CP
Simulations of the Monthly Mean Atmosphere for
February 1976 with the Giss Model
N78-24754/1CP
User's Manual for the APRAC-1A Urban Diffusion
Model Computer Program
PB-213 091/2CP
A Methodology for Treating Large Localized
Emissions of Reactive Pollutants
PB-251 066/7CP
Continued Research in Mesoscale Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling: Volume II. Refinements in
the Treatment of Chemistry, Meteorology, and
Numerical Integration Procedures
PB-257 527/2CP
84
SUBJECT INDEX
DIFKIN PHOTOCHEMICAL MODELS
Continued Research in Mesoscala Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling: Volume III. Modeling of
Micsoscale Pheonoena
PB-257 528/OCP
User's Guide (or Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide
Transport Model
PB-259 719/3CP
Cooling Tower Plume Model
PB-259 971/OCP
Description of the General Program Structure of
the Third-Generation NCAR General Circulation
Model
PB-276 694/7CP
CONDENSATION
The Kinetics of Evolution of Water Vapor Clusters
in Air
AD-A025 675/OCP
CONDENSATION TRAILS
Project SECEDE. Tracking Barium releases using
the TV-TRACK System
AD-731 574/CP
CONTAMINANTS
Some Environmental Measurement of the Vertical
Spread of Pollutants from Low-Level Sources.
N77-21734/7CP
CONTINUOUS WAVE LASERS
Propagation Modeling and Analysis for High
Energy Lasers
AD-A023 537/4CP
CONVECTION (ATMOSPHERIC)
A Precipitating Convective Cloud Model
AD-A002 117/OCP
A Mesoscale Investigation of Convective Activity
AD-721 242/CP
A One-Dimensional Numerical Model to Study the
Effects of Cumulus Clouds on the Environment
AD-760 123/CP
COOLING TOWERS
Oak Ridge Fog and Drift Code (ORFAD) User's
Manual
ORNL/TM-5201
Potential Environmental Modifications Produced
by Large Evaporative Cooling Towers
PB-210 702/7CP
Cooling Tower Plume Model
PB-259 971/OCP
A Feasibility Study for the Application of K-Band
Radar in the Investigation of Cooling Tower
Plumes
PB-275 380/4CP
Meteorological Effects of the Cooling Towers at
the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, li. Predic-
tions of Fog Occurrence and Drift Deposition.
TID-26686-P2
COSMOS SATELLITES
Machine Analysis of Infrared Cloud Images Ob-
tained by the Cosmos-122 Satellite
N71-10986/CP
COUNTERS
Stratospheric Balloon Aerosol Particle Counter
Measurements
AD-777 135/5CP
Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter Modifications.
Particle Sizing Accuracy Tests
AD-784 866/6CP
CRSTER MODEL
User's Manual for Single-Source (CRSTER) Model
PB-271 360/OCP
CUMULUS CLOUDS
One-Dimensional Quasi-Time-Dependent Numeri-
cal Model of Cumulus Cloud Activity
AD-722 216/CP
A One-Dimensional Numerical Model to Study the
Effects of Cumulus Clouds on the Environment
AD-760 123/CP
On the Use of Gamma Functions and Bayesian
Analysis in Evaluating Florida Cumulus Seeding
Results
COM-73-11202/1CP
Guide to Computer Programs Used in the Statisti-
cal Analysis of Florida Cumulus Seeding Experi-
ments
COM-74-11286/3CP
Computer Modeling of Cumulus Clouds During
Project Cloud Catcher
PB-281 028/1CP
CYCLONES
Physical Mechanisms Responsible for the Major
Synoptic Systems in the Eastern Canadian Arctic
in the Winter and Summer of 1973
PB-258 821/8CP
D REGION
Computer Program for the Disturbed Steady-State
Nighttime D-Region
AD-A010 412/5CP
INVERT', A Computer Program For Obtaining D-
Region Electron Density Profiles from VLF Reflec-
tion Coefficients
AD-A050 256/7CP
D-Region Blunt Probe Data Analysis Using Hybrid
Computer Techniques
N73-31147/4CP
DATA ACQUISITION
A Digital Data Acquisition Interface for the SMS
Direct Readout Ground Station - Concept and
Preliminary Design
AD-A022 317/2CP
DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS
Automatic Digital Acquisition System for
Meteorological Data.
SAND-75-0321
DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS
Aoips Data Base Management Systems Support
for Garp Data Sets.
N78-15629/6CP
DATA BASES
Feasibility Study of a Ouadrilateralized Spherical
Cube Earth Data Base
AD-A010 232/7CP
DATA COMPRESSION
Development of Techniques for the Operational
Use of ITOS Satellite Data by the Fleet
AD-726 304/CP
DATA MANAGEMENT
Amps Data Management Requirements Study.
N76-11736/5CP
Aoips Data Base Management Systems Support
for Garp Data Sets.
N78-15629/6CP
DATA PROCESSING
Development and Application of Data Processing
Techniques and Analytic Procedures to Cloud
Physics Data
AD-A018 662/7CP
A Center for the Description of Environmental
Conditions. Weather Phenomena
AD-773 046/8CP
Development of Digital Enhancement Techniques
Applicable to Direct Read-Out (APT) Meteorologi-
cal Satellite Images
AD-774 524/3CP
Computer Subroutine for Presenting Meterologi-
cal Flight Data on the Printer (CURVPT)
COM-71-50082/CP
Digitizing, Recording, and Computer Processing
Weather Radar Data at the Experimental
Meteorology Laboratory
COM-74-11464/6CP
A UNIVAC 1108 Computer Program for Use with
Worldwide Cloud Cover Distribution Data
N72-16144/CP
D-Region Blunt Probe Data Analysis Using Hybrid
Computer Techniques
N73-31147/4CP
Brazilian Participation in the Exametnet.
N74-19237/8CP
Computer Program Compatible with a Laser
Nephelometer
N75-28749/0CP
Separation of Mixed Data Sets into Homogeneous
Sets
PB-264 813/7CP
DATA PROCESSING EQUIPMENT
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter Volume I
AD-A041 195/9CP
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter Volume II
AD-A041 196/7CP
A Multi-Channel Digital Data Logging System for
Ionospheric Scintillation Studies
AD-A051 754/OCP
DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS
Computer Processing of Data from the
UNH/AFCRL Meteor Trails Radar
AD-718 105/CP
Data Reduction Program for Rocketsonde Tem-
peratures
AD-724 599/CP
Improved Three Dimensional Nephanalysis Model
AD-736 798/CP
DATA REDUCTION
Development and Application of Data Processing
Techniques and Analytic Procedures to Cloud
Physics Data
AD-A018 662/7CP
Auroral Spectrograph Data Reduction System
AD-A019 110/6CP
Explorer 22 Electrostatic Probe Data Analysis -
Testing the Results for Accuracy.
N70-25092/CP
Lockheed Experiment on Ats-5 Quarterly Report.
1 Mar. - 31 May 1970
N70-35689/CP
Taer Wind Conversion Program (Tarwon) User's
Manual
N71-30149/CP
Time Domain Oata Extraction, Radio Altimetry,
and Application of Ats Data Quarterly Report, 1
Apr. - 30 Jun. 1971
N71-33870/CP
D-Region Blunt Probe Data Analysis Using Hybrid
Computer Techniques
N73-31147/4CP
Energetic Particle Flux Experiment (Imp F and G)
N74-18336/9CP
Reduction and Error Analysis of the AVE 2 Pilot
Experiment Data.
N75-12531/0CP
Aafe Radscat Data Reduction Programs User'S
Guide
N76-22643/0CP
DATA STORAGE
Taer Wind Conversion Program (Tarwon) User's
Manual
N71-30149/CP
DECISION THEORY
An Operational Decision Model Employing Opera-
tional and Environmental Factors
AD-755 403/CP
DELTA LAUNCH VEHICLE
Diffusion Algorithms and Data Reduction Routine
for Onsite Real-Time Launch Predictions for the
Transport of delta-Thor Exhaust Effluents.
N76-20699/4CP
DENSITOMETERS
Application of a Computer-Controlled Two-
Dimensional Densitometer to Photograph Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-763 082/CP
DESIGN CRITERIA
Estimated Rainfall for Drainage Calculations in
the United Kingdom
PB-226 513/0CP
DIELECTRIC BREAKDOWN
Theoretical Investigation of the Effect of Particle
Contaminants on Laser-Induced Air Breakdown
AD-760 175/CP
DIETHYLAMINE
Precipitation Scavenging of Organic Contami-
nants
AD-779 551/1CP
DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Description and Comparison of the K Method for
Performing Numerical Integration of Stiff Ordinary
Differential Equations
AD-A003 855/4CP
Applications of Episode: An Experimental
Package for the Integration of Systems of Ordina-
ry Differential Equations.
UCRL-75868
DIFFUSION
Monte Carlo Simulation of the Turbulent Trans-
port of Airborne Contaminants
LA-6103
Meteorological Effects of the Cooling Towers at
the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, li Predic-
tions of Fog Occurrence and Drift Deposition
TID-26686-P2
Adpic: A Three-Dimensional Transport-Diffusion
Model for the Dispersal of Atmospheric Pollutants
and Its Validation Against Regional Tracer Stu-
dies.
UCRL-76170
DIFKIN COMPUTER PROGRAM
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality -
A Difkin Sensitivity Analysis
PB-268 329/0CP
DIFKIN PHOTOCHEMICAL MODELS
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality -
A Dilkin Sensitivity Analysis
PB-268 329/OCP
85
SUBJECT INDEX
DIGITAL COMPUTERS
Programming and the Climate Dynamics Project
AD-A019 344/1CP
Radiosonde Ascents Reaching High Altitudes -
Tripoli. Libya, 1951-1957. Part 1 - Work Report
N70-31479/CP
A Ray Tracing Digital Computer Program for the
Study of Magnetospheric Duct Propagation.
N70-35774/CP
DIGITAL RECORDING SYSTEMS
A Multi-Channel Digital Data Logging System for
Ionospheric Scintillation Studies
AD-A051 754/OCP
DISEASES
Disease Information System Ground Temperature
Derived from Other Geophysical Observations
AD-A021 524/4CP
DISPLAY DEVICES
Amps Data Management Requirements Study.
N76-11736/5CP
Wisp Information Display System User's Manual
N78-18623/6CP
DISPLAY SYSTEMS
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter Volume I
AD-A041 195/9CP
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter Volume II
AD-A041 196/7CP
DOPPLER EFFECT
A Comparison of a Co?xial Focused Laser Dop-
pler System in Atmospheric Measurements
N73-30627/6CP
DOPPLER RADAR
Pulse Pair Estimation of Doppler Spectrum
Parameters
AD-744 094/CP
DROPS
An Experimental Study of the Freezing of Drops
in Free Fall
AD-776 390/7CP
DUST CLOUDS
Solar Infrared Reflection and Infrared Emission
from a Dust Loaded Cloud
AD-A039 535/OCP
E CODES
Applications of Episode: An Experimental
Package for the Integration of Systems of Ordina-
ry Differential Equations.
UCRL-75868
EARTH ATMOSPHERE
Techniques for Computing Regional Radiant
Emittances of the Earth-Atmosphere System from
Observations by Wide-Angle Satellite Radiome-
ters. Phase 3
N77 20659/7CP
Modeling ot Transport in the Two-Dimensional
Atmospheric Transport and Kinetics Codes
SPHERNEW and TRACER
UCID-17203
Development of a Three-Dimensional Model of
the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Using the Finite
Element Method
UCRL-52366
Applications of Episode An Experimental
Package for the Integration of Systems of Ordina-
ry Differential Equations
UCRL-75868
Modeling the Planetary Boundary Layer Using the
Galerkin Finite-Element Method
UCRL-78120
EARTH MODELS
Programming and the Climate Dynamics Project
AD-A019 344/1CP
EARTH RESOURCES PROGRAM
A UNIVAC 1 108 Computer Program for Use with
Worldwide Cloud Cover Distribution Data
N72-16144/CP
EARTH ROTATION
Determination of Altitude Dependence of the Exo-
sphenc Rotation Above 350 Km Bestimmung der
Hoehenabhaengigkeit der Exosphaenschen Rota-
tion Oborhalb 350 Km
N76 -15717/1CP
EARTH SCIENCES
Feasibility Study of a Quadnlateralized Spherical
Cube Earth Data Base
AD A010 232/7CP
EARTH SURFACE
Retrieval of Surface Temperature by Remote
Sensing.
N76-22637/2CP
EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume I: Technical Report
PB-261 144/0CP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings Volume II: Computer Program User's
Manual
PB-261 145/7CP
EARTHQUAKES
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings Volume I Technical Report
PB-261 144/0CP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume II: Computer Program User's
Manual
PB-261 145/7CP
EDDINGTON APPROXIMATION
The Delta-Eddington Approximation for a Verti-
cally Inhomogeneous Atmosphere
PB-270 618/2CP
ELECTRIC BATTERIES
Statistical Analysis of NOAA Solar/Weather Tapes
Program Summary
AD-A047 357/9CP
ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
Analysis and Calculation of Lightning-Induced
Voltages in Aircraft Electrical Circuits
N74-14754/7CP
ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS
Natural Precipitation Washout of Sulfur Com-
pounds from Plumes
PB-232 445/7CP
ELECTRIC POWER PRODUCTION
An Investigation into the Effect of an Industrial
Heat and Moisture Source on Local Atmospheric
Conditions
AD-733 227/CP
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS
Reduction and Analysis of Data Collected During
the Electromagnetic Tornado Experiment.
N77-19710/1CP
ELECTROMAGNETIC PULSES
An Examination of the Adequacy of the Three-
Species Air Chemistry Treatment for the Predic-
tion of Surface-Burst EMP
AD-A025 280/9CP
Propagated EMP from Tangent and Buried Bursts
AD-783 246/2CP
ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION
The Calculation of Millimeter and Submillimeter
Wave Absorption Line Parameters for the Molecu-
lar Oxygen Isotopes: (16)02, (16)0(18)0. and
(18)02
AD-A017 397/1CP
A Ray Tracing Digital Computer Program for the
Study of Magnetospheric Duct Propagation.
N70-35774/CP
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE PROPAGATION
Computing Methods Used in Support of Modeling
Electron Concentrations in High-Altitude Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-A009 069/6CP
ELECTRON DENSITY
Moment Method Solutions for the Impedance of
Asymmetrically Driven RF Probes in the Colli-
sional Ionospheric Magnetoplasma
AD-A006 200/OCP
Computer Codes for Use in Display of Predicted
Scintillation Characteristics and Total Electron
Content
AD-A033 465/6CP
An Analysis of Ionospheric Electron Content Mea-
surements Utilizing Satellite-Emitted Signals
AD-A042 374/9CP
INVERT , A Computer Program For Obtaining D-
Region Electron Density Profiles from VLF Reflec-
tion Coefficients
AD-A050 256/7CP
BENChMARK-76: Model Computations for
Disturbed Atmospheric Conditions II Results for
the Stratosphere and Mesosphere
AD-A054 325/6CP
BENCHMARK-76 Model Computations for
Disturbed Atmospheric Conditions III Results for
Selected Excitation Parameters at 60 km
AD-A054 376/9CP
Modeling the Bottomside Ionospheric Electron
Density Profile
AD-751 267/CP
ELECTRON DENSITY (CONCENTRATION)
Fortran Programs for Calculating Lower Iono-
sphere Electron Densities and Collision Frequen-
cies from Rocket Data.
N70-42935/CP
Behavior of Thermal Plasma in the Ionosphere
and Magnetosphere
N74-22355/3CP
ELECTRON DENSITY PROFILES
Ionospheric Electron Density Profile Model.
AD-709 888/CP
ELECTRON ENERGY
Design and Calibration of a Rocket-Borne Elec-
tron Spectrometer
AD-A011 931/3CP
OGO-F-02 Data Analysis
N73-13376/CP
Analysis of Low Energy Electrons
N73-31638/2CP
ELECTRON FLUX
Ionospheric Effects Resulting from Precipitating
Electrons at Mid and High Latitudes
AD-A027 297/1 CP
ELECTRON FLUX DENSITY
Program Eldose for Calculating the Distribution
of Absorbed Doses in Space Environment and
Charged Particle Acceleration Thin Films (Protons
and Electrons)
N71-25669/CP
ELECTRON PROBES
Explorer 22 Electrostatic Probe Data Analysis -
Testing the Results for Accuracy
N70-25092/CP
ELECTRON SPECTROMETERS
Design and Calibration of a Rocket-Borne Elec-
tron Spectrometer
AD-A011 931/3CP
ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY
Calibration of the SSJ/3 Sensor on the DMSP
Satellites
AD-A045 997/4CP
ELECTRONS
The Use of the Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5
and Associated Computer Programs.
N74-19836/7CP
The Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5
N74-20502/2CP
ELECTROSTATIC ANALYZERS
Calibration of the SSJ/3 Sensor on the DMSP
Satellites
AD-A045 997/4CP
ELEMENTS
Pathways of Trace Elements in the Environment
CONF-770210-3
ELLIPTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Efficient FORTRAN Subprograms for the Solution
of Elliptic Partial Differential Equations
PB-263 498/8CP
ENERGY BUDGETS
Techniques for Computing Regional Radiant
Emittances of the Earth-Atmosphere System from
Observations by Wide-Angle Satellite Radiome-
ters, Phase 3.
N77-20659/7CP
ENERGY CONSERVATION
Effects of Atmospheric Variability on Energy
Utilization and Conservation
COO-1340-52
ENERGY CONSUMPTION
Effects of Atmospheric Variability on Energy
Utilization and Conservation
COO-1340-52
ENERGY MODELS
Effects of Atmospheric Variability on Energy
Utilization and Conservation
COO-1340-52
ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEYS
Some Environmental Measurement ol the Vertical
Spread of Pollutants from Low-Level Sources
N77-21734/7CP
EQUATIONS OF MOTION
Certain Finite Difference Methods for the Solution
of Large Scale Circulation Problem II
AD-775 076/3CP
EQUATIONS OF STATE
Equation of State of the Air for Pressures Up to
1000 Bar and Temperatures Up to 3000 K Equa-
86
SUBJECT INDEX
GAUSSIAN PLUME MODEL
tion Detat de Lair pour Une Pression Inferieure a
1000 Bar et Une Temperature Inferieure a 3000 K
N72-24972/CP
EQUATORIAL ELECTROJET
Numerical Model of the Equatorial Electrojet
AD-758 196/CP
ERROR ANALYSIS
Explorer 22 Electrostatic Probe Data Analysis -
Testing the Results for Accuracy
N70-25092/CP
Reduction and Error Analysis of the AVE 2 Pilot
Experiment Data.
N75-12531/0CP
ESTIMATING
Estimated Rainfall for Drainage Calculations in
the United Kingdom
PB-226 513/OCP
EXHAUST EMISSIONS
Users' Instructions for the NASA/Msfc Cloud-Rise
Preprocessor Program, Version 6, and the
NASA/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Program, Version
6: Research Version for UNIVAC 1108 System.
N78-18573/3CP
Annual Catalyst Research Program Report. Ap-
pendices Volume VII
PB-249 913/5CP
Users' Manual for the APRAC-2 Emissions and
Diffusion Model
PB-275 459/6CP
EXHAUST GASES
HIDE Revised Wavelength Resolution Emission
and Transmission Model
AD-A042 624/7CP
Diffusion Algorithms and Data Reduction Routine
for Onsite Real-Time Launch Predictions for the
Transport of delta-Thor Exhaust Effluents
N76-20699/4CP
EXOSPHERE
Determination of Altitude Dependence of the Exo-
spheric Rotation Above 350 Km Bestimmung der
Hoehenabhaengigkeit der Exosphaerischen Rota-
tion Oberhalb 350 Km.
N76-15717/1CP
EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
Reduction and Error Analysis of the AVE 2 Pilot
Experiment Data.
N75-12531/0CP
EXPERIMENTATION
Amps Data Management Requirements Study.
N76-11736/5CP
EXPLORER 32 SATELLITE
Explorer 22 Electrostatic Probe Data Analysis -
Testing the Results for Accuracy.
N70-25092/CP
EXPLORER 34 SATELLITE
Energetic Particle Flux Experiment (Imp F and G)
N74-18336/9CP
EXPLORER 41 SATELLITE
Energetic Particle Flux Experiment (Imp F and G)
N74-18336/9CP
EXPLORER SATELLITES
Correlative Studies of the Solar Wind. The Inter-
planetary Magnetic Field, and Their Effects on the
Geomagnetic Cavity Using Explorer 33 and 35
Data
N73-14808/CP
EXTRATERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERES
A Stellar Scintillometer for Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
PB-257 376/4CP
EXTRATERRESTRIAL RADIATION
Analysis of Radiation and Meteoroid Satellite Data
N72-32833/CP
F 2 REGION
Global Representation of Annual and Solar Cycle
Variation of foF2 Monthly Median 1954-1958
COM-75-1 1143/5CP
Tables from the Penn State Mark 1 Ionospheric
Model
N70-40978/CP
F sub 2 Peak Electron Densities in the Main
Trough Region of the Ionosphere
N76-24798/0CP
F-89 AIRCRAFT
Analysis 'and Calculation of Lightning-Induced
Voltages in Aircraft Electrical Circuits
N74-14754/7CP
FAR INFRARED RADIATION
A Study of Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave At-
tenuation and Dispersion in the Earth's At-
mosphere
AD-A015 544/OCP
FAR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
Measurements of Far-Ultraviolet Photographs
from Skylab 4 and APOLLO 6.
N77-21516/8CP
FARADAY EFFECT
Ionospheric Research Using Satellites
AD-A015 861/8CP
FINITE DIFFERENCE THEORY
Certain Finite Difference Methods for the Solution
of Large Scale Circulation Problem II
AD-775 076/3CP
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS
Application of a Finite Element Method to the
Barotropic Primitive Equations
AD-A019 494/4CP
FINLAND
Numerical Weather Prediction in Finland During
1969
N72-28639/CP
FLAT PLATES
A Direct Numerical Method for Predicting Con-
centration Profiles in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
over a Flat Plate
N72-26289/CP
FLOOD FORECASTING
National Weather Service River Forecast System
Forecast Procedures
COM-73-10365/CP
Rainfall-Runoff as Spatial Stochastic Processes:
Data Collection and Synthesis
COM-75-1 1395/1CP
A Stochastic Rainfall Model and Statistical Analy-
sis of Hydrologic Factors
PB-238 948/4CP
FLORIDA
On the Use of Gamma Functions and Bayesian
Analysis in Evaluating Florida Cumulus Seeding
Results
COM-73-11202/1CP
Guide to Computer Programs Used in the Statisti-
cal Analysis of Florida Cumulus Seeding Experi-
ments
COM-74-11286/3CP
FLOW DISTRIBUTION
Computations of Non-Reacting and Reacting
Viscous Blunt Body Flows, Volume 1
N73-20309/CP
FLOW EQUATIONS
Computations of Non-Reacting and Reacting
Viscous Blunt Body Flows, Volume 1
N73-20309/CP
FLOW MEASUREMENT
Determination of Constant-Volume Balloon Capa-
bilities for Aeronautical Research.
N77-19715/0CP
FLOW STABILITY
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N72-20322/CP
FLUID MECHANICS
An Experimental and Numerical Study of Wave
Motion and Upstream Influence in a Stratified
Fluid.
N74-32747/9CP
FLUX (RATE)
Theoretical Study and Calculation of Particle Flux
in the Stable Region of the Magnetosphere.
N70-29050/CP
Energetic Particle Flux Experiment (Imp F and G)
N74-18336/9CP
The Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5.
N74-20502/2CP
A Climatology of Marine-Fog Frequencies for the
North Pacific Ocean Summer Fog Season
AO-A018 300/4CP
Simulation of Marine Advection Fog with the Cal-
span Advection Fog Model Using Prognostic
Equations for Turbulent Energy
AD-A027 380/5CP
Statistical Diagnostic Modeling of Marine Fog
Using Model Output Parameters
AD-A042 059/6CP
Theoretical Aspects of the Determination of Parti-
cle-Size Distributions from Measurements of
Scattered Light Intensity
AD-721 089/CP
A Two-Dimensional Short-Range Fog Forecast
Model
AD-750 082/CP
An Iterative Method for Saturation Adjustment
AD-750 083/CP
Oceanic Fog, a Numerical Study
AD-767 934/3CP
Fcg Clearing Using Helicopter Downdrafts: A Nu-
merical Model
AD-771 038/7CP
Investigation of Warm Fog Properties and Fog
Modification Concepts
N71-22619/CP
Project Fog Drops 5. Task 1: A Numerical Model
of Advection Fog Task 2: Recommendations for
Simplified Individual Zero-Gravity Cloud Physics
Experiments.
N76-13702/5CP
Oak Ridge Fog and Drift Code (ORFAD) User's
Manual
ORNL/TM-5201
Methodological Approaches in Hawaiian Fog
Research
PB-243 508/9CP
FOG DISPERSAL
Fog Clearing Using Helicopter Downdrafts: A Nu-
merical Model
AD-771 038/7CP
FOREST FIRES
Synoptic-Scale Weather Disturbances that In-
fluence the Fire Climate in Southeast Asia During
the Normally Dry Period
AD-721 112/CP
FOREST LAND
Controlling Solar Light and Heat in a Forest by
Managing Shadow Sources
PB-270 534/1CP
FOREST WATERSHEDS
Computer Simulation of Snowmelt
PB-265 109/9CP
FORWARD LOOWEYSTEMS
Effect of Weather at Hannover, Federal Republic
of Germany, on Performance of Electrooptical
Imaging Systems. The Calculation Methodology
for a FLIR Using a FORTRAN Program
AD-A045 090/8CP
FOSSIL-FUEL POWER PLANTS
Pathways of Trace Elements in the Environment
CONF-770210-3
SULCAL: A Model of Sulfur Chemistry in a Plume
ORNL/NSF/EATC-21
FRONTS (METEOROLOGY)
Frontal Motion in the Atmosphere.
AD-715 068/CP
GAMMA FUNCTION
A Note on a Gamma Distribution Computer Pro-
gram and Graph Paper
COM-73-11401 /9CP
GAS ANALYSIS
Measurements of Trace Constituents from At-
mospheric Infrared Emission and Absorption
Spectra, a Feasibility Study
N76-13673/8CP
GAS DISCHARGES
Theoretical Investigation of the Effect of Particle
Contaminants on Laser-Induced Air Breakdown
AD-760 175/CP
GAS IONIZATION
Post Stabilization Ionization Level Predictions
Volume III of the Calendar Year 1975 Annual Re-
port to the Defense Nuclear Agency
AD-A043 178/3CP
Photo-Equilibrium of Barium
AD-739 166/CP
GASEOUS WASTES
Application of the Epaec Scavenging Model to
Calculations for Industrial Plumes.
BNWL-SA-5117
Pathways of Trace Elements in the Environment
CONF-770210-3
GAUSSIAN PLUME MODEL
Manual for the Gaussian Plume Model Computer
Program Handleiding voor Het Computerpro-
gramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel
N77-2C629/0CP
87
SUBJECT INDEX
GAUSSIAN PLUME MODELS
Evaluation of Emission Control Strategies for Sul-
fur Dioxide and Particulates in the Chicago
Metropolitan Air Quality Control Region
ANL-IIPP-2
Manual for the Computer Program of the Gaus-
sian Plume Model Handleiding voor Het Compu-
terprogramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel.
N76-19598/1CP
Use of Lars System for the Quantitative Deter-
mination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffusion Coef-
ficients from ERTS Images of Virginia.
N76-24681/8CP
Adaptation of Gaussian Plume Model to Incor-
porate Multiple Station Data Input Volume II. Ap-
pendices
PB-252 558/2CP
Valley Model Users Guide
PB-274 054/6CP
Valley Model Computer Program
PB-275 700/3CP
User's Guide for PAL A Guassian-Plume Al-
gorithm for Point, Area, and Line Sources
PB-281 306/1CP
GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELS
Description of the General Program Structure of
the Third-Generation NCAR General Circulation
Model
PB-276 694/7CP
GEOMAGNETIC M ICROPULSATIONS
Mathematical-Model Programs
AD-760 117/CP
GEOMAGNETISM
Magnetospheric Magnetic Field Modeling
AD-A037 492/6CP
GEOMETRICAL ACOUSTICS
Geometrical Acoustics Techniques in Far Field In-
frasonic Waveform Syntheses
AD-A024 721/3CP
GEOSTROPHIC WIND
Computer Program for Calculation of Geostrophic
Trajectories . Datorprogram Foer Beraekning AV
Geostrofiska Trajektorier
N73-11656/CP
GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH PROGRAM
Aoips Data Base Management Systems Support
for Garp Data Sets.
N78-15629/6CP
GRAVITY WAVES
A Program for Calculating Three-Dimensional
Acoustic-Gravity Ray Paths in the Atmosphere
COM-71-50410/CP
GREAT LAKES
Great Lakes Snowstorms Part 1 Cloud Physics
Aspects.
COM-71-00012/CP
GROUND STATIONS
A Digital Data Acquisition Interface for the SMS
Direct Readout Ground Station - Concept and
Preliminary Design
AD-A022 317/2CP
GROUND TRUTH
Ground Truth Data for Test Sites (SI-3)
N75-29531/1CP
GUIDED MISSILE TRAJECTORIES
The B-MALMID-4 Program: Ballistic Messages at
Arbitrary Locations from Mixed Input Data
AD-733 419/CP
GUST LOADS
Atmospheric Turbulence Field Parameters Deter-
mination
AD-745 946/CP
H CODES
Hetran A Subprogram Package for Predicting the
Heat Transfer Across the Surface of a Natural
Body of Water
BNWL-B-361
HAWAII
Some Statistical Analyses of Hawaiian Rainfall
PB-233 674/1CP
Methodological Approaches
Research
PB-243 508/9CP
Hawaiian Fog
HEAT TRANSFER
Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale Interac-
tions on Global Climate. Volume I Orographic Ef-
fects on Global Climate
AD-A007 034/2CP
Meso-Scale and Small-Scale Interactions on
Global Climate. Volume II. Radiation Transport Ef-
fects on Global Climate
AD-A007 035/9CP
Hetran: A Subprogram Package for Predicting the
Heat Transfer Across the Surface of a Natural
Body of Water
BNWL-B-361
HIDE COMPUTER PROGRAM
HIDE Revised Wavelength Resolution Emission
and Transmission Model
AD-A042 624/7CP
HIGH ALTITUDE
Radiosonde Ascents Reaching High Altitudes -
Tripoli, Libya, 1951-1957. Part 1 - Work Report.
N70-31479/CP
HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION
User's Manual for the APRAC-1A Urban Diffusion
Model Computer Program
PB-213 091/2CP
User's Guide for Hiway. A Highway Air Pollution
Model
PB-239 944/2CP
User's Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP) Version 2
PB-240 273/3CP
HISS
The Effect of Large Scale Irregularities on the
Propagation of VLF Waves Through the Lower
Ionosphere with Special Reference to Auroral
Hiss.
N70-22824/CP
HIWAY COMPUTER PROGRAM
User's Guide for Hiway. A Highway Air Pollution
Model
PB-239 944/2CP
User's Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP) Version 2
PB-240 273/3CP
HUMIDITY
Scheduling and Application Rates of Irrigation in
Humid Climate
PB-244 760/5CP
HURRICANE TRACKING
Further Development of a 3-7 Day Typhoon
Analog Forecast Model for the Western North
Pacific
AD-A012 369/5CP
Performance Analysis of the HURRAN Tropical
Cyclone Forecast System
COM -72-50079-04-01 /CP
HURRICANES
Verification Study of a Bathystrophic Storm Surge
Model
AD-A012 799/3CP
Application of Satellite Cloud-Motion Vectors to
Hurricane Track Prediction
AD-A021 907/1CP
1973 Variations of Hurricane Heat Potential in the
Philippine Sea and the Gulf of Mexico
AD-777 971/3CP
SPLASH (Special Program to List Amplitudes of
Surges from Hurricanes). Part 2 General Track
and Variant Storm Conditions
COM-74-10925/7CP
Statistical Analysis of Extreme Winds
COM-75-10945/4CP
Estimation of Hurricane Storm Surge in
Apalachicola Bay, Florida
COM-75-11332/4CP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings Volume I Technical Report
PB-261 144/0CP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings Volume II: Computer Program User's
Manual
PB-261 145/7CP
HYBRID COMPUTERS
D-Region Blunt Probe Data Analysis Using Hybrid
Computer Techniques
N73-31147/4CP
HYBRID SIMULATION
Ray Tracing Study
AD-779 091 /8CP
HYDROCARBONS
Evaluation of a Short Term Oxidant Control
Strategy
PB-271 643/9CP
HYDRODYNAMICS
Verification Study of a Bathystrophic Storm Surge
Model
AD-A012 799/3CP
HYGROSCOPICITY
Investigation of Warm Fog Properties and Fog
Modification Concepts
N71-22619/CP
HYPSOMETERS
Determination of a Hypsometer Performance
Function from Airborne Data.
AD-716 823/CP
IBMAO-2 COMPUTER PROGRAM
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data Volume I
PB-256 651/1CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data. Volume II
PB-256 652/9CP
ICE FORMATION
A Numerical Ice Forecasting System
AD-A023 183/7CP
The Naval Oceanographic Office Numerical Ice
Forecasting System Operations Manual
AD-A049 019/3CP
All-Weather Ice Information System for Alaskan
Arctic Coastal Shipping.
N77-21788/3CP
ICE MAPPING
All-Weather Ice Information System for Alaskan
Arctic Coastal Shipping.
N77-21788/3CP
ICECAP OPERATION
Auroral Simulation Effects
AD-A049 066/4CP
ILLINOIS
Operational Aspects of Project Metromex: An In-
advertent Weather Modification Study.
COO-1 199-45
IMAGE CONTRAST
Solumat: A Programme for Measuring the In-
fluence of the Atmosphere on Contrast Transfer.
N76-31809/6CP
IMAGES
Development of Digital Enhancement Techniques
Applicable to Direct Read-Out (APT) Meteorologi-
cal Satellite Images
AD-774 524/3CP
IMPROVED TIROS OPERATIONAL SATELLITES
Development of Techniques for the Operational
Use of ITOS Satellite Data by the Fleet
AD-726 304/CP
INADVERTENT WEATHER MODIFICATION
Operational Aspects of Project Metromex: An In-
advertent Weather Modification Study
COO-1 199-45
INCIDENT RADIATION
Computer Program for Calculation of the Incident
Radiation Per Day on a Horizontal Surface at the
Edge of the Atmosphere een Computerprogram-
ma voor Het Berekenen van de Inkomende Stral-
ing Aan de Rand van de Atmosfeer Per DAG Door
een Horizontaal Oppervlak
N78-23668/4CP
INDIAN OCEAN
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program for the
Southwest Indian Ocean
AD-A001 271/6CP
INFORMATION CENTERS
Executive Summary: New York City Pilots Auto-
matic Telephone Weather Answering Service
(PATWAS) Test
AD-A046 755/5CP
INFORMATION MANAGEMENT
Atmospheric and Oceanographic Information
Processing System (Aoips) System Description.
N77-31012/6CP
INFORMATION RETRIEVAL
Programming and the Climate Dynamics Project
AD-A019 344/1 CP
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
A Microprocessor-Based Communications Infor-
mation System
AD-A013 624/2CP
Disease Information System. Ground Temperature
Derived from Other Geophysical Observations
AD-A021 524/4CP
Aoips Data Base Management Systems Support
for Garp Data Sets.
N78-15629/6CP
88
SUBJECT INDEX
IONOSPHERIC MODELS
Wisp Information Display System User'S Manual.
N78-18623/6CP
INFRARED DETECTION
Solar Infrared Reflection and Infrared Emission
from a Dust Loaded Cloud
AD-A039 535/OCP
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to 28 5
Micrometers: Supplement LOWTRAN 3B (1976)
AD-A040 701 /5CP
Effect of Weather at Hannover, Federal Republic
of Germany, on Performance of Electrooptical
Imaging Systems. The Calculation Methodology
for a FLIR Using a FORTRAN Program
AD-A045 090/8CP
Comparison of the 3-5 Micrometer and 8-12
Micrometer Regions for Advanced Thermal Imag-
ing Systems: LOWTRAN Revisited
AD-A049 448/4CP
INFRARED DETECTORS
Remote Infrared Atmospheric Profiling System
(RIAPS)
AD-A018 562/9CP
Remote Sensing of Cirrus Cloud Compositions
from Satellites
AD-A026 512/4CP
Atmospheric Transmission Modeling: Proposed
Aerosol Methodology with Application to the
Grafenwoehr Atmospheric Optics Data Base
AD-A035 765/7CP
INFRARED IMAGERY
Machine Analysis of Infrared Cloud Images Ob-
tained by the Cosmos-122 Satellite
N71-10986/CP
INFRARED RADIATION
A High Altitude Infrared Radiance Model
AD-A008 035/8CP
Statistics of Global IR Atmospheric Transmission
AD-A024 311/3CP
Atmospheric Transmission Modeling: Proposed
Aerosol Methodology with Application to the
Grafenwoehr Atmospheric Optics Data Base
AD-A035 765/7CP
Monte Carlo Studies on the Time-Dependent
Transport of Optical and Infrared Radiation in the
Atmosphere Volume II. Thermal Radiation Trans-
port
AD-A042 769/OCP
A Computational Method for Spectral Molecular
Absorption Using an Improved Voigt Algorithm
AD-A052 685/5CP
A High Altitude Radiance Model
AD-745 319/CP
Modeling of Optical IR Backgrounds
AD-774 751/2CP
Evaluation of Upwelling Infrared Radiance from
Earth'S Atmosphere.
N76-13663/9CP
Infrared Sea and Sky Background Radiation.
N77-24935/7CP
INFRARED SIGNATURES
HIDE Revised Wavelength Resolution Emission
and Transmission Model
AD-A042 624/7CP
INFRARED SPECTRA
Atmospheric Modeling for Molecular Absorption
Research Project
AD-776 971/4CP
INFRARED SPECTROMETERS
A Specular Chamber for Off-Axis Response
Evaluations of High-Rejection Optical Baffling
System
AD-A031 212/4CP
INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
Measurements ot Trace Constituents from At-
mospheric Infrared Emission and Absorption
Spectra, a Feasibility Study
N76-13673/8CP
INFRASONIC RADIATION
Infrasonic Data Reduction
AD-748 283/CP
INFRASONICS
Geometrical Acoustics Techniques in Far Field In-
frasonic Waveform Syntheses
AD-A024 721/3CP
INNER RADIATION BELT
The Use of the Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5
and Associated Computer Programs.
N74-19836/7CP
The Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5.
N74-20502/2CP
INSOLATION
Controlling Solar Light and Heat in a Forest by
Managing Shadow Sources
PB-270 534/1CP
Global Horizontal Solar Radiation for Australian
Locations Stored in the CSIRO CYBER 7600
System: The Data and Method of Retrieval
S.E.S.-75/3
INTERPOLATION
Cubic Spline Function Interpolation in At-
mosphere Models for the Software Development
Laboratory: Formulation and Data
N76-27745/8CP
IODINE 131
Adpic: A Three-Dimensional Transport-Diffusion
Model for the Dispersal of Atmospheric Pollutants
and Its Validation Against Regional Tracer Stu-
dies.
UCRL-76170
ION DENSITY
BENCHMARK-76: Model Computations for
Disturbed Atmospheric Conditions. III. Results for
Selected Excitation Parameters at 60 km
AD-A054 376/9CP
ION ION INTERACTIONS
The Effects of Uncertainties in the Two-Body lon-
lon Recombination Coefficient Upon Computed
Ion Distributions in the Stratosphere and Meso-
sphere
AD-A038 263/OCP
IONIZATION
Computing Methods Used in Support of Modeling
Electron Concentrations in High-Altitude Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-A009 069/6CP
IONOGRAMS
Analysis and Synthesis of Model lonograms Using
3D Ray Tracking Techniques
AD-A038 869/4CP
A Semi-Automated System for True Height Analy-
sis of Film lonograms. Part 3. Documentation of
Software
COM-74-11808/4CP
IONOSPHERE
Moment Method Solutions for the Impedance of
Asymmetrically Driven RF Probes in the Colli-
sional Ionospheric Magnetoplasma
AD-A006 200/OCP
Satellite Beacon Studies. 1 Total Electron Con-
tent. 2. Scintillation Studies. 3. Programming
AD-A008 193/5CP
Computer Program for the Disturbed Steady-State
Nighttime D-Region
AD-A010 412/5CP
Ionospheric Research Using Satellites
AD-A015 861/8CP
Ionospheric Effects Induced by Precipitating Au-
roral Electrons. HAES Report No 14
AD-A016 673/6CP
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of the Upper
Atmosphere using Satellite and Rocket Measur-
ments
AD-A022 677/9CP
Development of Numerical Techniques and Com-
puter Systems for Climatological. Ionospheric and
Microwave Physics Applications
AD-A022 975/7CP
Ionospheric Chemistry Comparison of AIRCHEM
Predictions with Results of Laboratory Simula-
tions
AD-A024 146/3CP
ICECAP '74-Chatanika Radar Results
AD-A026 703/9CP
Computer Codes for Use in Display of Predicted
Scintillation Characteristics and Total Electron
Content
AD-A033 465/6CP
Techniques of Determining Ionospheric Structure
from Oblique Radio Propagation Measurements
AD-A038 299/4CP
An Analysis of Ionospheric Electron Content Mea-
surements Utilizing Satellite-Emitted Signals
AD-A042 374/9CP
A Data Reduction Computer Program for the
AFCRL Triaxial Accelerometer Inflated Falling
Sphere Atmospheric Density Measuring System.
AD-705 566/CP
Ionospheric Electron Density Profile Model.
AD-709 888/CP
Investigations of Ionospheric Total Electron Con-
tent Behavior at Conjugate Points and During a
Solar Eclipse
AD-714 571/CP
Curve Fitting General Least Squares Program
with Side Conditions
AD-722 103/CP
Arctic Ionosphere Modelling - Five Related
Papers
AD-748 796/CP
Modeling the Bottomside Ionospheric Electron
Density Profile
AD-751 267/CP
Total Electron Measurements of the Ionosphere
using Beacon Satellites BEB(S66) and BEC
AD-751 517/CP
An Empirical Model of the Polar Ionosphere
AD-766 240/6CP
Formulation of Diurnal D-Region Models Using a
Photochemical Computer Code and Current
Reaction Rates
AD-766 525/OCP
Documentation and Description of the Bent Iono-
spheric Model
AD-772 733/2CP
Morphology and Dynamics of Ionospheric Storms
AD-774 760/3CP
Analysis of Incoherent Scatter Data Obtained at
the Jicamarca Radar Observatory
COM-72-10297/CP
Accurate Langmuir Probe Measurements with an
On-Line Computer
COM-73-11634/5CP
Global Representation of Annual and Solar Cycle
Variation of foF2 Monthly Median 1954-1958
COM-75-11143/5CP
Global Scintillation Model
COM-75-50059/5CP
Behavior of Thermal Plasma in the Ionosphere
and Magnetosphere.
N74-22355/3CP
Amps Data Management Requirements Study
N76-11736/5CP
IONOSPHERIC COMPOSITION
Ionosphere Research.
N76-25712/0CP
IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES
ICECAP '74-Chatanika Radar Results
AD-A026 703/9CP
Ionospheric Effects Resulting from Precipitating
Electrons at Mid and High Latitudes
AD-A027 297/1 CP
Investigation of Ionospheric Disturbances
AD-A043 965/3CP
Two Fortran Programs for Calculating Global
Ionospheric Amplitude and Phase Scintillation
AD-A055 273/7CP
Short-Term Predictions on the Course of Polar
Cap Absorption
AD-706 410/CP
Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances
AD-746 314/CP
Numerical Model of the Equatorial Electrojet
AD-758 196/CP
Design, Fabrication and Use of an Instrument for
Real-Time Determination of Polar Electrojet Posi-
tion and Current Parameters
AD-760 767/CP
WEPH V Code Modifications for HF Propagation
and System Performance Modeling
AD-770 053/7CP
An Analytic Boundary for the MHD Magnetic Field
Equation
AD-773 913/9CP
IONOSPHERIC ELECTRON DENSITY
Tables from the Penn State Mark 1 Ionospheric
Model.
N70-40978/CP
F sub 2 Peak Electron Densities in the Main
Trough Region of the Ionosphere.
N76-24798/0CP
IONOSPHERIC MODELS
Propagation Predictions and Studies Using a Ray
Tracing Program Combined with a Theoretical
Ionospheric Model
AD-A007 495/5CP
Analysis and Synthesis of Model lonograms Using
3D Ray Tracking Techniques
AD-A038 869/4CP
BENCHMARK-76: Model Computations tor
Disturbed Atmospheric Conditions II Results tor
the Stratosphere and Mesosphere
AD-A054 325/6CP
89
SUBJECT INDEX
BENCHMARK-76: Model Computations for
Disturbed Atmospheric Conditions III Results for
Selected Excitation Parameters at 60 km
AD-A054 376/9CP
Two Fortran Programs for Calculating Global
Ionospheric Amplitude and Phase Scintillation
AD-A055 273/7CP
IONOSPHERIC MODIFICATION
Remote Diagnostics and Correlation Analysis lor
Prairie Smoke
AD-A014 434/5CP
Propagated EMP from Tangent and Buried Bursts
AD-783 246/2CP
IONOSPHERIC PROPAGATION
Propagation Predictions and Studies Using a Ray
Tracing Program Combined with a Theoretical
Ionospheric Model
AD-A007 495/5CP
Analysis and Synthesis of Model lonograms Using
3D Ray Tracking Techniques
AD-A038 869/4CP
Chatanika Model of the High-Latitude Ionosphere
for Application to HF Propagation Prediction
AD-A053 154/1CP
Short-Term Predictions on the Course of Polar
Cap Absorption.
AD-706 410/CP
Mode Conversion Program for an Inhomogeneous
Anisotropic Ionosphere
AD-743 948/CP
Modeling the Bottomside Ionospheric Electron
Density Profile
AD-751 267/CP
Geomagnetic Field Models for Ray Tracing
AD-766 241 /4CP
WEPH V Code Modifications for HF Propagation
and System Performance Modeling
AD-770 053/7CP
Ray Tracing Study
AD-779 091/8CP
Propagated EMP from Tangent and Buried Bursts
AD-783 246/2CP
SCINTDR-A Program for Controlling the Fremouw
Scintillation Model
COM-74-10824/2CP
Ionosphere Research
N76-25712/0CP
IONOSPHERIC SCINTILLATIONS
Computer Codes for Use in Display of Predicted
Scintillation Characteristics and Total Electron
Content
AD-A033 465/6CP
Modeling of Transionosphenc Radio Propagation
AD-A038 132/7CP
A Multi-Channel Digital Data Logging System for
Ionospheric Scintillation Studies
AD-A051 754/OCP
Two Fortran Programs for Calculating Global
Ionospheric Amplitude and Phase Scintillation
AD-A055 273/7CP
Global Scintillation Model
COM-75-50059/5CP
IONOSPHERICS
A Program (or Reading Ionospheric Data
N78-23650/2CP
IRRIGATION
Scheduling and Application Rates of Irrigation in
Humid Climate
PB-244 760/5CP
ITOS (IMPROVED TIROS OPERATIONAL
SATELLITES)
Development of Techniques for the Operational
Use of ITOS Satellite Data by the Fleet
AD-726 304/CP
KENTUCKY
Stochastic Simulation of Daily Rainfall
PB-239 268/6CP
KINEMATICS
Auroral Oval Kinematics Program
N72-18359/CP
KRYPTON 85
Global Contamination of the Atmosphere by Kryp-
ton-85 from Worldwide Nuclear Power Plants and
the Radiation Danger
JPRS-53174
LAKE EFFECT SNOWSTORMS
Great Lakes Snowstorms Part 1 Cloud Physics
Aspects
COM 71 00012/CP
LAKE MICHIGAN
Mesoscale Air Pollution Transport in Southeast
Wisconsin
PB-265 382/2CP
LAKE WAVES
Fourier Analysis of Weather and Wave Data from
Holland, Michigan, July 1970
AD-723 602/CP
LANDSAT 1
Use of Lars System for the Quantitative Deter-
mination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffusion Coef-
ficients from ERTS Images of Virginia
N76-24681/8CP
LANGMUIR PROBES
Accurate Langmuir Probe Measurements with an
On-Line Computer
COM-73-11634/5CP
LASER BEAMS
Research in the Area of Atmospheric Modeling:
High Resolution Atmospheric IR 1 lansmittance
Prediction
AD-A017 026/6CP
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to 28.5
Microns: Computer Code LOWTRAN 3
AD-A017 734/5CP
Propagation Modeling and Analysis for High
Energy Lasers
AD-A023 537/4CP
Transonic Thermal Blooming
AD-A026 456/4CP
Pulse Height Analyzer Interfacing and Computer
Programming in the Environmental Laser
Propagation Project
AD-A028 858/9CP
SSPARAMA: A Nonlinear, Wave Optics Multipulse
(and CW) Steady-State Propagation Code with
Adaptive Coordinates
AD-A037 395/1CP
Theoretical Study of the Turbulence Induced
Scintillation of a Dirty Laser Beam
AD-A050 874/7CP
Methods for Prediction of Atmospheric Effects on
Laser Guidance Systems
AD-A051 617/9CP
A Matrix Approach to a Propagation Code
AD-A055 463/4CP
An Experiment to Measure Laser Beam Wander
and Beam Spread in the Marine Boundary Layer
Near Shore
AD-775 027/6CP
An Experiment to Measure the Modulation
Transfer Function of the Atmosphere in the
Marine Boundary Layer
AD-783 807/1CP
Current Status of LLL Four-D Atmospheric
Propagation Code Effort
UCID-16827-2
LASER GUIDANCE
Methods for Prediction of Atmospheric Effects on
Laser Guidance Systems
AD-A051 617/9CP
LASER OUTPUTS
Computed Mie Scattering Properties for Laser
Wavelengths in Various Atmospheric Media.
N76-14336/1CP
LASER RADIATION
Current Status of LLL Four-D Atmospheric
Propagation Code Effort
UCID-16827-2
Time-Dependent Propagation ot High Energy
Laser BEAMS Through the Atmosphere.
UCRL-51826
LASER VELOCIMETERS
Verification of Wind Measurement with Mobile
Laser Doppler System
AD-A047 252/2CP
A Study of the Applicability of Lasers to the Mea-
surement of Tornado Wind Speeds
AD-A052 636/8CP
LASERS
A Comparison of a Coaxial Focused Laser Dop-
pler System in Atmospheric Measurements
N73-30627/6CP
Computer Program Compatible with a Laser
Nephelometer
N75-28749/0CP
LIGHT SCATTERING
Monte Carlo Studies of Sky Radiation
AD-772 640/9CP
LIGHT TRANSMISSION
Research in the Area of Atmospheric Modeling:
High Resolution Atmospheric IR Transmittance
Prediction
AD-A017 026/6CP
Atmospheric Transmittance and Radiance:
Methods of Calculation
AD-A017 459/9CP
Statistics of Global IR Atmospheric Transmission
AD-A024 311/3CP
Predetection Compensated Imaging Theory
AD-A024 393/1 CP
Pulse Height Analyzer Interfacing and Computer
Programming in the Environmental Laser
Propagation Project
AD-A028 858/9CP
Atmospheric Transmission Modeling: Proposed
Aerosol Methodology with Application to the
Grafenwoehr Atmospheric Optics Data Base
AD-A035 765/7CP
HIDE Revised Wavelength Resolution Emission
and Transmission Model
AD-A042 624/7CP
Theoretical Aspects of the Determination of Parti-
cle-Size Distributions from Measurements of
Scattered Light Intensity
AD-721 089/CP
Computer Procedure for Calculating Time Depen-
dent Light Scattering in Spherical-Shell At-
mospheres
AD-722 713/CP
Computer Procedure for Calculating Time Depen-
dent Light Scattering in Plane Parallel At-
mospheres
AD-722 714/CP
Solumat: A Programme for Measuring the In-
fluence of the Atmosphere on Contrast Transfer
N76-31809/6CP
LIGHTNING
Atmospheric Electricity and Tethered Aerostats,
Volume I
AD-A034 847/4CP
Analysis and Calculation of Lightning-Induced
Voltages in Aircraft Electrical Circuits
N74-14754/7CP
LIGHTNING PROTECTION
Atmospheric Electricity and Tethered Aerostats,
Volume I
AD-A034 847/4CP
LIQUID WATER CONTENT ANALYZERS
Liquid Water Content Analyzer Instruction
Manual
AD-A043 322/7CP
LOW PASS FILTERS
Taer Wind Conversion Program (Tarwon) User's
Manual
N71-30149/CP
LOWER IONOSPHERE
The Effect of Large Scale Irregularities on the
Propagation of VLF Waves Through the Lower
Ionosphere with Special Reference to Auroral
Hiss.
N70-22824/CP
Fortran Programs for Calculating Lower Iono-
sphere Electron Densities and Collision Frequen-
cies from Rocket Data.
N70-42935/CP
LUMINANCE
Solumat A Programme for Measuring the In-
fluence of the Atmosphere on Contrast Transfer
N76-31809/6CP
MAGNETIC EFFECTS
Correlative Studies of the Solar Wind The Inter-
planetary Magnetic Field, and Their Effects on the
Geomagnetic Cavity Using Explorer 33 and 35
Data
N73-14808/CP
MAGNETIC STORMS
Mathematical-Model Programs
AD-760 117/CP
Design, Fabrication and Use of an Instrument for
Real-Time Determination of Polar Electrojet Posi-
tion and Current Parameters
AD-760 767/CP
MAGNETIC TAPES
Taer Wind Conversion Program (Tarwon) User's
Manual
N71-30149/CP
Users Network tor Applied Modeling ot Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP)
PB-229 771/1CP
90
SUBJECT INDEX
METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS
MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS
An Analytic Boundary for the MHD Magnetic Field
Equation
AD-773 913/9CP
MAGNETOSPHERE
Study of Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in the
Magnetosphere: 1 Design and Fabrication of
Data Processing System 2. Mathematical Analysis
of Magnetospheric Models
AD-A003 394/4CP
Study of Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in the
Magnetosphere
AD-A020 301 /8CP
Magnetospheric Magnetic Field Modeling
AD-A037 492/6CP
Trapped Radiation Studies Involving Plasma In-
stabilities and Radial Diffusion
AD-743 549/CP
Rocket and Satellite Experiments for the Mea-
surement of the Properties of Thermal and High
Energy Plasma
AD-755 390/CP
Stimulated Amplification of VLF and ULF Waves
in the Magnetosphere by Localized Injections of
Plasma Clouds and Particle Beams
AD-757 085/CP
Design, Fabrication and Use of an Instrument for
Real-Time Determination of Polar Electrojet Posi-
tion and Current Parameters
AD-760 767/CP
Theoretical Study and Calculation of Particle Flux
in the Stable Region of the Magnetosphere.
N70-29050/CP
A Ray Tracing Digital Computer Program for the
Study of Magnetospheric Duct Propagation.
N70-35774/CP
MAGNETOSPHERIC INSTABILITY
Lockheed Experiment on Ats-5 Quarterly Report,
1 Mar - 31 May 1970
N70-35689/CP
MANUALS
User's Manual for Single-Source (CRSTER) Model
PB-271 360/OCP
MARINE ATMOSPHERES
Simulation of Marine Advection Fog with the Cal-
span Advection Fog Model Using Prognostic
Equations for Turbulent Energy
AD-A027 380/5CP
An Experiment to Measure Laser Beam Wander
and Beam Spread in the Marine Boundary Layer
Near Shore
AD-775 027/6CP
Examination of Shipboard Measurements of the
Vertical Profiles of Mean Temperature, Humidity
and Wind Speed
AD-776 306/3CP
MARINE CLIMATOLOGY
A Climatology of Marine-Fog Frequencies for the
North Pacific Ocean Summer Fog Season
AD-A018 300/4CP
Ocean Climatology Extraction and Adjustment
Program tor the Mediterranean Program SOVEL
AD-A035 170/0CP
MARINE FOG
Statistical Diagnostic Modeling of Marine Fog
Using Model Output Parameters
AD-A042 059/6CP
MARINE METEOROLOGY
Statistical Diagnostic Modeling of Marine Fog
Using Model Output Parameters
AD-A042 059/6CP
MASS TRANSFER
A Direct Numerical Method for Predicting Con-
centration Profiles in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
over a Flat Plate
N72 26289/CP
MATHEMATICAL MODELS
An Examination of the Adequacy of the Three-
Species Air Chemistry Treatment for the Predic-
tion of Surface-Burst EMP
AD-A025 280/9CP
Chatanika Model of the High-Latitude Ionosphere
for Application to HF Propagation Prediction
AD A053 154/1CP
ATMOSPHERE Fluid-Dynamic Simulation Model
for Predicting Spreading Processes in the At-
mospheric Boundary Layer
ANl Trans-1103
Application of the Epaec Scavenging Model to
Calculalions lor Industrial Plumes
GNWL-SA-5117
Pathways of Trace Elements in the Environment
CONF-770210-3
The Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5
N74-20502/2CP
A Model for Simulating Random Atmospheres as
a Function of Latitude. Season, and Time
N77-31700/6CP
Comprehensive Atomospheric Transport and Dif-
fusion Model
ORNL/NSF/EATC-17
Users Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP)
PB-229 771/1CP
Adaptation of Gaussian Plume Model to Incor-
porate Multiple Station Data Input Volume II. Ap-
pendices
PB-252 558/2CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data. Volume I
PB-256 651/1CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data. Volume II
PB-256 652/9CP
Cooling Tower Plume Model
PB-259 971/0CP
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality -
A Difkin Sensitivity Analysis
PB-268 329/0CP
STRAM - An Air Pollution Model Incorporating
Nonlinear Chemistry. Variable Trajectories, and
Plume Segment Diffusion
PB-270 778/4CP
User's Manual for Single-Source (CRSTER) Model
PB-271 360/OCP
Valley Model User's Guide
PB-274 054/6CP
Users' Manual for the APRAC-2 Emissions and
Diffusion Model
PB-275 459/6CP
Non-Divergent Wind Analysis Algorithm for the St
Louis RAPS (Regional Air Pollution Study) Net-
work
PB-276 582/4CP
Modeling of Transport in the Two-Dimensional
Atmospheric Transport and Kinetics Codes
SPHERNEW and TRACER
UCID-17203
Adpic: A Three-Dimensional Transport-Diffusion
Model for the Dispersal of Atmospheric Pollutants
and Its Validation Against Regional Tracer Stu-
dies
UCRL-76170
MEASUREMENT
Comparison Between Dual-Wavelength Radar
Estimates and Ground Measurements of
Precipitation
PB-265 727/8CP
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
The What System A New Digitized Radiosonde
and Double Theodolite Balloon Tracking System
for Atmospheric Boundary Layer Investigations
CONF-731205-1
Investigation of Aerosol Characteristics and Their
Measurement
N76-17683/3CP
MEDITERRANEAN SEA
Ocean Climatology Extraction and Adjustment
Program for the Mediterranean Program SOVEL
AD-A035 170/OCP
MESOSPHERE
The Effects of Uncertainties in the Two-Body lon-
lon Recombination Coefficient Upon Computed
Ion Distributions in the Stratosphere and Meso-
sphere
AD-A038 263/OCP
Computer-Aided Estimates of the Rotational Tem-
peratures of 02 in the Mesosphere
AD-A040 915/1CP
Post Stabilization Ionization Level Predictions
Volume III of the Calendar Year 1975 Annual Re-
port to the Defense Nuclear Agency
AD-A043 178/3CP
Survey of Two-Body and Three-Body Reaction-
Rate Coefficients for the Ionized Stratosphere and
Mesosphere
AD-776 950/8CP
Detection and Analysis of Synoptic-Scale
Periodicities in Rocketsonde Data
AD-782 358/6CP
METEORITES
Analysis of Radiation and Meteoroid Satellite Data
N72-32833/CP
METEOROLOGICAL BALLOONS
Analysis of Stratospheric Balloon Programs
AD-722 076/CP
Investigation of Stability Characteristics of
Tethered Balloon Systems
AD-731 570/CP
Numerical Preprocessing of Rawinsonde Position
Vectors
AO-732 205/CP
Determination of Constant-Volume Balloon Capa-
bilities for Aeronautical Research.
N77-19715/0CP
Load Introduction into Pressurized Films
PB-252 385/0CP
METEOROLOGICAL CHARTS
Predicting Heavy Snowfall for Colorado Springs
Based on Computer Derived Synoptic Map Types
AD-718 422/CP
Map Typing Computer Programs
AD-766 929/4CP
Comparing Correlations between Weather Maps
with Similar Isobaric Configurations but Varying
Pressure Intensities
AD-775 361/9CP
Radiosonde Ascents Reaching High Altitudes -
Tripoli. Libya, 1951-1957 Part 1 - Work Report
N70-31479/CP
Description of Automatic Plotting Computer Pro-
grams Beschrijving van Het Programmapakket
T.B.V. Het Automatisch Plotten.
N78-23788/0CP
METEOROLOGICAL DATA
Feasibility Study of a Quadrilateralized Spherical
Cube Earth Data Base
AO-A010 232/7CP
Development and Application of Data Processing
Techniques and Analytic Procedures to Cloud
Physics Data
AD-A018 662/7CP
A Microprogrammable Data Acquisition and Con-
trol System (MIDAS HA) with Application to Mean
Meteorological Data
AD-A032 377/4CP
Evaluation ot the FIB Methodology for Application
to Cloud Motion Wind Data
AD-A053 620/1 CP
Algorithms tor Generating a Skew-T, log p Dia-
gram and Computing Selected Meteorological
Quantities
AD-769 739/4CP
Development of Digital Enhancement Techniques
Applicable to Direct Read-Out (APT) Meteorologi-
cal Satellite Images
AD-774 524/3CP
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological Data
Reduction Part I. Rawinsonde
AD-782 685/2CP
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological Data
Reduction Part II Rocketsonde
AD-782 686/0CP
Papers on Operational Objective Analysis
Schemes at the National Severe Storms Forecast
Center
COM-71-00136/CP
Rawinsonde Observation and Processing
Techniques at the National Severe Storms
Laboratory
COM-71-00707/CP
Computer Subroutine for Presenting Meterologi-
cal Flight Data on the Printer (CURVPT)
COM-71-50082/CP
A Note on a Gamma Distribution Computer Pro-
gram and Graph Paper
COM-73-11401/9CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study Part I
PB-266 255/9CP
METEOROLOGICAL INSTRUMENTS
Turbulence Characterization and Control
AD-A027 155/1CP
A Data Reduction Computer Program tor the
AFCRL Triaxial Accelerometer Inflated Falling
Sphere Atmospheric Density Measuring System
AD-705 566/CP
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study.
Volume I
AD-915 570/6CP
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study.
Volume II Appendices
AD-915 571/4CP
91
SUBJECT INDEX
Meteorological Data Acquisition System. Func-
tional Description and General Characteristics of
the Different Components.
N76-24843/4CP
Microcomputer-Controlled
Sounder
PB-268 033/8CP
Acoustic
Echo
METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Fourier Analysis of Weather and Wave Data from
Holland. Michigan. July 1970
AD-723 602/CP
Numerical Filtering Techniques for the Time-Se-
ries Analysis of Oceanographic and Meteorologi-
cal Data
AD-723 864/CP
Data Reduction Program for Rocketsonde Tem-
peratures
AD-724 599/CP
Numerical Approximations of Selected
Meteorologicl Parameters Related to Cloud
Physics
AD-757 623/CP
Statistical Evaluation of Measured Data Obtained
at the Meteorological Station of the Munich
Research Reactor
N70-26323/CP
Radiosonde Ascents Reaching High Altitudes -
Tripoli, Libya. 1951-1957. Part 1 - Work Report
N70-31479/CP
Brazilian Participation in the Exarnetnet.
N74-19237/8CP
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Technical
Description. Part 1.
N74-33021/8CP
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Users
Manual and Programmers Manual, Part 2.
N74-33022/6CP
Reduction and Error Analysis of the AVE 2 Pilot
Experiment Data.
N75-12531/0CP
Manual for the Computer Program of the Gaus-
sian Plume Model Handleiding voor Het Compu-
terprogramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel
N76-19598/1CP
The Global Reference Atmospheric Model. MOD 2
(With Two Scale Perturbation Model).
N77-20660/5CP
Atmospheric and Oceanographic Information
Processing System (Aoips) System Description.
N77-31012/6CP
Calculation of the Desired Angle Values for the
Alignment of a Stabilized Two Axis Rotating Plat-
form in an Aircraft Berechnung der Winkel-Soll-
werte fuer die Ausrichtung Eines Stabilisierten
Zwei-Achsen-Drehstandes in Einem Flugzeug.
N78-14235/3CP
METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of the Upper
Atmosphere using Satellite and Rocket Measur-
ments
AD-A022 677/9CP
Optimal Control of Sulfur Dioxide Emissions at
Power Stations: Models and a Case Study
AD-775 392/4CP
METEOROLOGICAL RADAR
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter Volume I
AD-A041 195/9CP
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter Volume II
AD-A041 196/7CP
Application of Doppler Weather Radar to Turbu-
lence Measurements Which Affect Aircraft
AD-A048 603/5CP
The Stanford Meteor-Trails Radar Mark II
AD-709 673/CP
Pulse Pair Estimation of Doppler Spectrum
Parameters
AD-744 094/CP
Digitizing, Recording, and Computer Processing
Weather Radar Data at the Experimental
Meteorology Laboratory
COM-74-11464/6CP
METEOROLOGICAL SATELLITES
A Cloud Advection Model
AD-A020 045/1CP
A Digital Data Acquisition Interface for the SMS
Direct Readout Ground Station - Concept and
Preliminary Design
AD-A022 317/2CP
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of the Upper
Atmosphere using Satellite and Rocket Measur-
ments
AD-A022 677/9CP
Development of Techniques for the Operational
Use of ITOS Satellite Data by the Fleet
AD-726 304/CP
Development of Digital Enhancement Techniques
Applicable to Direct Read-Out (APT) Meteorologi-
cal Satellite Images
AD-774 524/3CP
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study
Volume I
AD-915 570/6CP
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study.
Volume II. Appendices
AD-915 571/4CP
Mapping of Geostationary Satellite Pictures: An
Operational Experiment.
PB-191 189/CP
METEOROLOGY
Development of Numerical Techniques and Com-
puter Systems for Climatological, Ionospheric and
Microwave Physics Applications
AD-A022 975/7CP
The What System: A New Digitized Radiosonde
and Double Theodolite Balloon Tracking System
for Atmospheric Boundary Layer Investigations
CONF-731205-1
Time Domain Data Extraction. Radio Altimetry,
and Application of Ats Data Quarterly Report, 1
Apr. - 30 Jun. 1971
N71-33870/CP
Automatic Digital Acquisition System for
Meteorological Data.
SAND-75-0321
METEORS
Study of Meteor Wind Measurement Techniques.
Volume II.
AD-709 233/CP
The Stanford Meteor-Trails Radar Mark II.
AD-709 673/CP
Computer Processing of Data from the
UNH/AFCRL Meteor Trails Radar
AD-718 105/CP
METEROLOGICAL RADAR
M-33 Radar Modifications at Snyder. Texas
PB-263 580/3CP
MEXICO GULF
Calculated and Observed Changes in Sea Surface
Temperature Associated with Hurricane Passage.
AD-713 052/CP
1973 Variations of Hurricane Heat Potential in the
Philippine Sea and the Gulf of Mexico
AD-777 971/3CP
MICROBAROMETRIC WAVES
Theoretical Prediction of Acoustic-Gravity Pres-
sure Waveforms Generated by Large Explosions
in the Atmosphere.
AD-707 122/CP
Microbarograph Studies.
AD-707 875/CP
Infrasonic Data Reduction
AD-748 283/CP
Generation and Propagation of Infrasonic Waves
AD-766 472/5CP
MICROCOMPUTERS
A Microprocessor-Based Communications Infor-
mation System
AD-A013 624/2CP
A Microprogrammable Data Acquisition and Con-
trol System (MIDAS IIA) with Application to Mean
Meteorological Data
AD-A032 377/4CP
MICRODENSITOMETERS
Eso Bulletin No. 12.
N76-12912/1CP
MICROMETEOROLOGY
Computer Program for Plotting Time Dependent
Data with Instruction and Examples.
PB-191 870/CP
Controlling Solar Light and Heat in a Forest by
Managing Shadow Sources
PB-270 534/1CP
MICROPROCESSORS
A Microprocessor-Based Communications Infor-
mation System
AD-A013 624/2CP
MICROWAVE SPECTROSCOPY
The Calculation of Millimeter and Submillimeter
Wave Absorption Line Parameters for the Molecu-
lar Oxygen Isotopes: (16)02, (16)0(18)0, and
(18)02
AD-A017 397/1 CP
MICROWAVES
Development of Numerical Techniques and Com-
puter Systems for Climatological, Ionospheric and
Microwave Physics Applications
AD-A022 975/7CP
MIE SCATTERING
Asymptotic Properties of the Mie Coefficients
AD-A023 078/9CP
Computed Mie Scattering Properties for Laser
Wavelengths in Various Atmospheric Media.
N76-14336/1CP
MILLIMETER WAVES
A Study of Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave At-
tenuation and Dispersion in the Earth's At-
mosphere
AD-A015 544/OCP
MINICOMPUTERS
Study of Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in the
Magnetosphere: 1. Design and Fabrication of
Data Processing System. 2. Mathematical Analysis
of Magnetospheric Models
AD-A003 394/4CP
Study of Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in the
Magnetosphere
AD-A020 301 /8CP
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter Volume I
AD-A041 195/9CP
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter. Volume II
AD-A041 196/7CP
MISSION PLANNING
A UNIVAC 1108 Computer Program for Use with
Worldwide Cloud Cover Distribution Data
N72-16144/CP
Studies in the Use of Cloud Type Statistics in
Mission Simulation.
N74-30053/4CP
MODEL-SIMULATION
Valley Model Computer Program
PB-275 700/3CP
Single Source (CRSTER) Model Computer Pro-
MODELS-SIMULATION
User's Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP) Version 2
PB-240 273/3CP
Climatological Dispersion Model OC (CDMQC)
Computer Program
PB-276 516/2CP
MOISTURE CONTENT
Liquid Water Content Analyzer Instruction
Manual
AD-A043 322/7CP
MOLECULAR IONS
Negative Molecular Ions
AD-A045 725/9CP
MOLECULAR ROTATION
Computer-Aided Estimates of the Rotational Tem-
peratures of 02 in the Mesosphere
AD-A040 915/1 CP
MONITORING
Operational Aspects of Project Metromex: An In-
advertent Weather Modification Study
COO-1199-45
MONTE CARLO METHOD
A Model for Simulating Random Atmospheres as
a Function of Latitude. Season, and Time
N77-31700/6CP
MOORING
Investigation of Stability Characteristics of
Tethered Balloon Systems
AD-731 570/CP
MOUNTAINS
Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale Interac-
tions on Global Climate. Volume I. Orographic Ef-
fects on Global Climate
AD-A007 034/2CP
Meso-Scale and Small-Scale Interactions on
Global Climate Volume II. Radiation Transport Ef-
fects on Global Climate
AD-A007 035/9CP
92
SUBJECT INDEX
OVER THE HORIZON DETECTION
Methods for Estimating Areal Precipitation in
Mountainous Areas
PB-276 140/1CP
NATURAL DISASTERS
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume I: Technical Report
PB-261 144/0CP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume II: Computer Program Users
Manual
PB-261 145/7CP
NAVAL OPERATIONS
A Microprocessor-Based Communications Infor-
mation System
AD-A013 624/2CP
NAVAL VESSELS (SUPPORT)
Development of Techniques for the Operational
Use of ITOS Satellite Data by the Fleet
AD-726 304/CP
NAVIGATION SATELLITES
Atmospheric Density Determination from Analysis
of Doppler Beacon Satellite Data
AD-A012 195/4CP
NAVIGATIONAL AIDS
Statistical Analysis of NOAA Solar/Weather Tapes
Program Summary
AD-A047 357/9CP
NEPHELOMETERS
Computer Program Compatible with a Laser
Nephelometer.
N75-28749/0CP
NIKE-APACHE ROCKET VEHICLE
Fortran Programs for Calculating Lower Iono-
sphere Electron Densities and Collision Frequen-
cies from Rocket Data.
N70-42935/CP
NITRIC OXIDE
The Production of Nitric Oxide in the Tropo-
sphere as a Result of Solid-Rocket-Motor After-
burning.
N76-20180/5CP
NITROGEN OXIOES
Design of the Sulfate Regional Experiment
(SURE). Volume III: Appendices
PB-251 703/5CP
Evaluation of a Short Term Oxidant Control
Strategy
PB-271 643/9CP
NOISE POLLUTION
Atmospheric-Absorption Adjustment Procedure
for Aircraft Flyover Noise Measurements
AD-A051 700/3CP
NONLINEAR OPTICS
SSPARAMA: A Nonlinear, Wave Optics Multipulse
(and CW) Steady-State Propagation Code with
Adaptive Coordinates
AD-A037 395/1CP
NORTH CAROLINA
Precipitation Variability Over North Carolina
PB-225 123/9CP
NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN
Further Development of a 3-7 Day Typhoon
Analog Forecast Model for the Western North
Pacific
AD-A012 369/5CP
A Climatology of Marine-Fog Frequencies for the
North Pacific Ocean Summer Fog Season
AD-A018 300/4CP
NOSE CONES
Computations of Non-Reacting and Reacting
Viscous Blunt Body Flows. Volume 1
N73-20309/CP
NUCLEAR EXPLOSION DAMAGE
Computational Techniques for the Study of In-
frasound Propagation in the Atmosphere
AD-A024 951 /6CP
NUCLEAR EXPLOSION EFFECTS
Analytic and Numerical Chemistry Algorithms for
the WORRY Code WORRY Document No. 2
AD-A012 002/2CP
NUCLEAR EXPLOSION SIMULATION
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 14A. Ambient At-
mosphere (Major and Minor Neutral Species and
Ionosphere)
AD-A048 013/7CP
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 10 Models of Ion
Leak and Loss Cone Patches
AD-A048 014/5CP
Auroral Simulation Effects
AD A049 066/4CP
NUCLEAR EXPLOSIONS
An Examination of the Adequacy of the Three-
Species Air Chemistry Treatment for the Predic-
tion of Surface-Burst EMP
AD-A025 280/9CP
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 16. High-Altitude
Neutral-Particle Motion
AD-A043 546/1 CP
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 17. High-Altitude
Debris-Energy Deposition
AD-A043 547/9CP
Theoretical Prediction of Acoustic-Gravity Pres-
sure Waveforms Generated by Large Explosions
in the Atmosphere.
AD-707 122/CP
Monte Carlo Calculations of the Scattering of 450.
550. and 650 NM Wavelength Light in Model At-
mospheres for Point Isotropic Sources
AD-731 723/CP
WEPH V Code Modifications for HF Propagation
and System Performance Modeling
AD-770 053/7CP
An Analytic Boundary for the MHD Magnetic Field
Equation
AD-773 913/9CP
Modeling of Optical IR Backgrounds
AD-774 751 /2CP
Propagated EMP from Tangent and Buried Bursts
AD-783 246/2CP
Equation of State of the Air for Pressures Up to
1000 Bar and Temperatures Up to 3000 K . Equa-
tion Detat de Lair pour Une Pression Inferieure a
1000 Bar et Une Temperature Inferieure a 3000 K
N72-24972/CP
NUCLEAR FIREBALL
Chemistry of Atmospheric Deionization Outside
Intermediate-Altitude Fireballs. II. 15-. 20-, and 25-
km Altitude
AD-A029 890/1 CP
NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
A Program for Evaluating Atmospheric Dispersion
from a Nuclear Power Station
COM-74-11336/6CP
Global Contamination of the Atmosphere by Kryp-
ton-85 from Worldwide Nuclear Power Plants and
the Radiation Danger
JPRS-53174
NUCLEAR WEAPON DEBRIS
Post Stabilization Ionization Level Predictions.
Volume III of the Calendar Year 1975 Annual Re-
port to the Defense Nuclear Agency
AD-A043 178/3CP
NUCLEAR WEAPONS
Rainout Assessment: The ACRA System and Sum-
maries of Simulation Results
LA-6763
NUCLEATION
The Kinetics of Evolution of Water Vapor Clusters
in Air
AD-A025 675/0CP
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS
A Cloud Advection Model
AD-A020 045/1 CP
A Generalized Version of the Fields by Informa-
tion Blending (FIB) Technique
AD-A021 638/2CP
A Direct Numerical Method for Predicting Con-
centration Profiles in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
over a Flat Plate
N72-26289/CP
NUMERICAL INTEGRATION
Description and Comparison of the K Method for
Performing Numerical Integration of Stiff Ordinary
Differential Equations
AD-A003 855/4CP
Efficient FORTRAN Subprograms for the Solution
of Elliptic Partial Differential Equations
PB-263 498/8CP
NUMERICAL SOLUTION
Applications of Episode An Experimental
Package for the Integration of Systems of Ordina-
ry Differential Equations
UCRL-75868
NUMERICAL WEATHER FORECASTING
Application of a Finite Element Method to the
Barotropic Primitive Equations
AD-A019 494/4CP
A Generalized Version of the Fields by Informa-
tion Blending (FIB) Technique
AD-A021 638/2CP
A Three-Parameter Model for Limited Area
Forecasting
AD-777 406/OCP
Numerical Weather Prediction in Finland During
1969
N72-28639/CP
OBJECTIVE WEATHER FORECASTING
Objective Analysis Technique in Sigma Coor-
dinates
AD-A021 213/4CP
OCEAN CURRENTS
A Numerical Study of an Idealized Ocean Using
Non Linear Lateral Eddy Viscosity Coefficients
AD-A009 973/9CP
OCEAN MODELS
Programming and the Climate Dynamics Project
AD-A019 344/1 CP
OCEAN SURFACE
A Numerical Study of an Idealized Ocean Using
Non Linear Lateral Eddy Viscosity Coefficients
AD-A009 973/9CP
1973 Variations of Hurricane Heat Potential in the
Philippine Sea and the Gulf of Mexico
AD-777 971/3CP
Infrared Sea and Sky Background Radiation.
N77-24935/7CP
OCEAN WAVES
Storm Surge on the Open Coast Fundamentals
and Simplified Prediction
AD-728 128/CP
OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA
Numerical Filtering Techniques for the Time-Se-
ries Analysis of Oceanographic and Meteorologi-
cal Data
AD-723 864/CP
OCEANOGRAPHIC PARAMETERS
Atmospheric and Oceanographic Information
Processing System (Aoips) System Description
N77-31012/6CP
OGO-D
OGO-F-02 Data Analysis
N73-13376/CP
OKLAHOMA
A Mesoscale Investigation of Convective Activity
AD-721 242/CP
OPERATIONAL HAZARDS
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Program for Operational Prediction of Toxic
Fuel Hazards
N73-28050/5CP
OPTICAL DATA PROCESSING
Solumat: A Programme for Measuring the In-
fluence of the Atmosphere on Contrast Transfer.
N76-31809/6CP
Atmospheric and Oceanographic Information
Processing System (Aoips) System Description
N77-31012/6CP
OPTICAL DETECTION
Predetection Compensated Imaging Theory
AO-A024 393/1 CP
OPTICAL IMAGES
Predetection Compensated Imaging Theory
AD-A024 393/1 CP
OPTICAL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS
A Stellar Scintillometer for Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
PB-257 376/4CP
Stellar Scintillometer Model II for Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
PB-273 921/7CP
ORBITS
A Gravitational Potential for Atmospheric Earth
Tides Caused by the Moon
AD-A038 155/8CP
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Precipitation Scavenging of Organic Contami-
nants
AD-779 551/1CP
ORGOP
Meteorological Effects of the Cooling Towers at
the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant li Predic-
tions of Fog Occurrence and Drift Deposition.
TID-26686-P2
OVER THE HORIZON DETECTION
WINDVEL2: A Program for Plotting Wind Velocity
as Determined by OTH Radar
AD-A002 954/6CP
93
SUBJECT INDEX
OVERFLIGHT
Atmospheric-Absorption Adjustment Procedure
for Aircraft Flyover Noise Measurements
AD-A051 700/3CP
OXIDIZERS
Evaluation of a Short Term Oxidant Control
Strategy
PB-271 643/9CP
OXYGEN
The Calculation of Millimeter and Submillimeter
Wave Absorption Line Parameters for the Molecu-
lar Oxygen Isotopes: (16)02, (16)0(18)0, and
(18)02
AD-A017 397/1CP
Computer-Aided Estimates of the Rotational Tem-
peratures of 02 in the Mesosphere
AD-A040 915/1CP
OXYGEN ISTOPES
The Calculation of Millimeter and Submillimeter
Wave Absorption Line Parameters for the Molecu-
lar Oxygen Isotopes: (16)02, (16)0(18)0. and
(18)02
AD-A017 397/1CP
OZONE
Software Development Stratosphere Modeling
N78-21692/6CP
User S Guide to the Nimbus-4 Backscatter Ul-
traviolet Experiment Data Sets.
N78-21694/2CP
The Relation of Oxidant Levels to Presursor Emis-
sions and Meteorological Features Volume III
Appendices (Analytical Methods and Supplemen-
tary Data)
PB-275 327/5CP
OZONOMETRY
Program for Electronic Evaluation of Radiosonde
Ascents
N70-29112/CP
Monte Carlo Analysis of Uncertainty Propagation
in a Stratospheric Model 1 : Development of a
Concise Stratospheric Model.
N77-29673/9CP
PACIFIC OCEAN
Hurricane Heat Potential of the North Atlantic and
North Pacific Oceans
AD-751 590/CP
PARTICLE SIZE
Determination of the Particle Size Distribution of
an Aerosol Using a Diffusion Battery.
CEA-R-4549
PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION
Investigation of Aerosol Characteristics and Their
Measurement
N76-17683/3CP
PARTICLE TRAJECTORIES
A Study of Charged Particle Motion in a Free Vor-
tex Flowfield
AD-749 285/CP
PATH OF POLLUTANTS
Pathways of Trace Elements in the Environment
CONF-770210-3
PEAKS COMPUTER PROGRAM
Computer Software for the Assessment of Growth
Histories of Weather Radar Echoes
PB-268 753/1CP
PERTURBATION
Monte Carlo Analysis of Uncertainty Propagation
in a Stratospheric Model 1 : Development of a
Concise Stratospheric Model.
N77-29673/9CP
PESTICIDES
Some Environmental Measurement of the Vertical
Spread of Pollutants from Low-Level Sources
N77-21734/7CP
PHASE STUDIES
An Iterative Method for Saturation Adjustment
AD-750 083/CP
PHILIPPINE SEA
1973 Variations of Hurricane Heat Potential in the
Philippine Sea and the Gulf of Mexico
AD-777 971/3CP
PHOTOCHEMISTRY
Formulation of Diurnal D Region Models Using a
Photochemical Computer Code and Current
Reaction Rates
AD-766 525/OCP
PHOTODISSOCIATION
The Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory Photodis-
sociation-Radiation Model of the Middle At-
mosphere - A Users Manual
AD-A043 786/3CP
PHOTOGRAMMETRY
A Study of Cloud Dynamics Utilizing Stereoscopic
Photogrammetry
AD-733 284/CP
PHOTOIONIZATION
Photo-Equilibrium of Barium
AD-739 166/CP
PHOTOMETRY
Automatic Real-Time Extinction Measurement
AD-A046 484/2CP
PLANETARY BOUNOARY LAYER
Modeling the Planetary Boundary Layer Using the
Galerkin Finite-Element Method
UCRL-78120
PLASMA MEDIUM
Trapped Radiation Studies Involving Plasma In-
stabilities and Radial Diffusion
AD-743 549/CP
PLASMA SHEATHS
Analysis of Low Energy Electrons
N73-31638/2CP
PLASMAPAUSE
Studies of the Structure of the Plasmasphere as
Seen by Radiosounder Measurements Aboard the
Alovetti-Satellite.
N74-20467/8CP
PLOTTERS
Computer Program for Plotting Time Dependent
Data with Instruction and Examples.
PB-191 870/CP
PLOTTING
Description of Automatic Plotting Computer Pro-
grams Beschrijving van Het Programmapakket
T.B.V. Het Automatisch Plotten.
N78-23788/0CP
PLUME DETECTION
A Feasibility Study for the Application of K-Band
Radar in the Investigation of Cooling Tower
Plumes
PB-275 380/4CP
PLUMES
Evaluation of Emission Control Strategies for Sul-
fur Dioxide and Particulates in the Chicago
Metropolitan Air Quality Control Region
ANL-IIPP-2
ATMOSPHERE Fluid-Dynamic Simulation Model
for Predicting Spreading Processes in the At-
mospheric Boundary Layer
ANL-Trans-1103
Cartographic Forecasts of Short-Term Air Pollu-
tion Averages
CEA-R-4837
Monte Carlo Simulation of Turbulent Atmospheric
Transport: Comparison with Experimental Data
CONF-771 109-58
Comprehensive Atomospheric Transport and Dif-
fusion Model.
ORNL/NSF/EATC-17
SULCAL: A Model of Sulfur Chemistry in a Plume
ORNL/NSF/EATC-21
Oak Ridge Fog and Drift Code (ORFAD) Users
Manual
ORNL/TM-5201
Potential Environmental Modifications Produced
by Large Evaporative Cooling Towers
PB-210 702/7CP
Cooling Tower Plume Model
PB-259 971/OCP
Meteorological Effects of the Cooling Towers at
the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, li. Predic-
tions of Fog Occurrence and Drift Deposition
TID-26686-P2
CPS: A Continuous-Point-Source Computer Code
for Plume Dispersion and Deposition Calculations
UCRL-52049
POISSON DENSITY FUNCTIONS
Use of the Negative Binomial-Truncated Poisson
Distribution in Thunderstorm Prediction
N72-14641/CP
POLAR CAP ABSORPTION
The Calculation of Riometer Absorption and an
Approximation Connection between Riometer Ab-
sorption and Solar Proton Fluxes during
Nighttime PCA Events
AD-A019 656/8CP
POLAR REGIONS
Ionospheric Effects Induced by Precipitating Au-
roral Electrons. HAES Report No. 14
AD-A016 673/6CP
POLLUTION MONITORING
Use of Lars System for the Quantitative Deter-
mination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffusion Coef-
ficients from ERTS Images of Virginia.
N76-24681/8CP
POLYETHYLENE PLASTICS
A Compendium of the Mechanical Properties of
Polyethylene Balloon Films
AD-746 678/CP
POLYMERIC FILMS
A Compendium of the Mechanical Properties of
Polyethylene Balloon Films
AD-746 678/CP
POWER SUPPLIES
Statistical Analysis of NOAA Solar/Weather Tapes.
Program Summary
AD-A047 357/9CP
PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY)
Model of Precipitation and Vertical Air Currents
COM-71-00911/CP
A Note on a Gamma Distribution Computer Pro-
gram and Graph Paper
COM-73-11401/9CP
Precipitation Variability Over North Carolina
PB-225 123/9CP
Methodological Approaches in Hawaiian Fog
Research
PB-243 508/9CP
Estimation of Areal Average Precipitation Using
Different Network Densities and Averaging
Techniques
PB-264 243/7CP
Comparison Between Dual-Wavelength Radar
Estimates and Ground Measurements of
Precipitation
PB-265 727/8CP
Methods for Estimating Areal Precipitation in
Mountainous Areas
PB-276 14071CP
PRECIPITATION SCAVENGING
Rainout Assessment: The ACRA System and Sum-
maries of Simulation Results
LA-6763
PRECIPITATION WASHOUT
Precipitation Scavenging of Organic Contami-
nants
AD-779 551/1CP
Natural Precipitation Washout of Sulfur Com-
pounds from Plumes
PB-232 445/7CP
PROBES (ELECTROMAGNETIC)
Moment Method Solutions for the Impedance of
Asymmetrically Driven RF Probes in the Colli-
sional Ionospheric Magnetoplasma
AD-A006 200/OCP
PROGRAMMING (COMPUTERS)
Analysis of Stratospheric Balloon Programs
AD-722 076/CP
Comparisons of Radar Refraction Correction
Computer Programs at Selected Test Ranges
AD-762 383/CP
Map Typing Computer Programs
AD-766 929/4CP
PROGRAMMING MANUALS
The Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory Photodis-
sociation-Radiation Model of the Middle At-
mosphere - A Users Manual
AD-A043 786/3CP
PROTON FLUX DENSITY
Program Eldose for Calculating the Distribution
of Absorbed Doses in Space Environment and
Charged Particle Acceleration Thin Films (Protons
and Electrons)
N71-25669/CP
Ap-8 Trapped Proton Environment for Solar Max-
imum and Solar Minimum.
N77-18983/5CP
PROTONS
Solar Cycle Variations of Geomagnetically
Trapped Radiation
AD-774 043/4CP
PULSE HEIGHT ANALYZERS
Pulse Height Analyzer Interfacing and Computer
Programming in the Environmental Laser
Propagation Project
AD-A028 858/9CP
PULSED LASERS
A Study of the Applicability of Lasers to the Mea-
surement of Tornado Wind Speeds
AD-A052 636/8CP
94
SUBJECT INDEX
RAY TRACING
Experimental Pulsed Laser, Remote Crosswind
Measurement System -- Feasibility Study and
Design
AD-786 647/8CP
PWR TYPE REACTORS
Tutank; A Two-Dimensional Neutron Kinetics
Code.
AEEW-R-1002
RADAR CROSS SECTIONS
Computer Software for the Assessment of Growth
Histories of Weather Radar Echoes
PB-268 753/1CP
RADAR DETECTION
A Feasibility Study for the Application of K-Band
Radar in the Investigation of Cooling Tower
Plumes
PB-275 380/4CP
RADAR ECHOES
Computer Software for Rainfall Analyses and
Echo Tracking of Digitized Radar Data
COM-74-11253/3CP
RADAR IMAGERY
All-Weather Ice Information System for Alaskan
Arctic Coastal Shipping.
N77-21788/3CP
RADAR METEOROLOGY
Parameterization of Weather Radar Data for Use
in the Prediction of Storm Motion and Develop-
ment
AD-A052 535/2CP
RADAR PULSES
Chatanika Model of the High-Latitude Ionosphere
for Application to HF Propagation Prediction
AD-A053 154/1CP
RADAR REFLECTIONS
Pulse Pair Estimation of Doppler Spectrum
Parameters
AD-744 094/CP
RADAR TRACKING
Taer Wind Conversion Program (Tarwon) User's
Manual
N71-30149/CP
RADIANCE
Monochromatic Transmittance/Radiance Compu-
tations
AD-A003 755/6CP
RADIATION ABSORPTION
Extinction of a Tangential Ray. by Ray Tracing
Through the Atmosphere
N70-36971/CP
RADIATION AND METEOROID SATELLITE
Analysis of Radiation and Meteoroid Satellite Data
N72-32833/CP
RADIATION ATTENUATION
A Study of Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave At-
tenuation and Dispersion in the Earth's At-
mosphere
AD-A015 544/OCP
RADIATION BELTS
Theoretical Study and Calculation of Particle Flux
in the Stable Region of the Magnetosphere
N70-29050/CP
RADIATION DOSAGE
Program Eldose for Calculating the Distribution
of Absorbed Doses in Space Environment and
Charged Particle Acceleration Thin Films (Protons
and Electrons)
N71-25669/CP
RADIATION EFFECTS
Investigation of Ionospheric Disturbances
AD-A043 965/3CP
RADIATION HAZARDS
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 17. High-Altitude
Debris-Energy Deposition
AD-A043 547/9CP
RADIATIVE TRANSFER
Heat Budget Parameterization for the FNWC
Primitive Equation Model Using Data for 16
January 1974
AD-A009 977/OCP
Atmospheric Transmittance and Radiance:
Methods of Calculation
AD-A017 459/9CP
The Delta-Eddington Approximation for a Verti-
cally Inhomogeneous Atmosphere
PB-270 618/2CP
RADIO ALTIMETERS
Time Domain Data Extraction, Radio Altimetry.
and Application of Ats Data Quarterly Report, 1
Apr. - 30 Jun. 1971
N71-33870/CP
RADIO ASTRONOMY
Development of Numerical Techniques and Com-
puter Systems for Climatological, Ionospheric and
Microwave Physics Applications
AD-A022 975/7CP
RADIO TRACKING
Central Pacific VLF Signal Survey and Omega
Wind Error Predictions
PB-267 413/3CP
RADIO TRANSMISSION
Propagation Predictions and Studies Using a Ray
Tracing Program Combined with a Theoretical
Ionospheric Model
AD-A007 495/5CP
Modeling of Transionospheric Radio Propagation
AD-A038 132/7CP
Techniques of Determining Ionospheric Structure
from Oblique Radio Propagation Measurements
AD-A038 299/4CP
Stimulated Amplification of VLF and ULF Waves
in the Magnetosphere by Localized Injections of
Plasma Clouds and Particle Beams
AD-757 085/CP
RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS
Rainout Assessment: The ACRA System and Sum-
maries of Simulation Results
LA-6763
RADIOACTIVE CLOUDS
Rainout Assessment The ACRA System and Sum-
maries of Simulation Results
LA-6763
RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINANTS
Global Contamination of the Atmosphere by Kryp-
ton-85 from Worldwide Nuclear Power Plants and
the Radiation Danger
JPRS-53174
RADIOACTIVE EFFLUENTS
CPS: A Continuous-Point-Source Computer Code
for Plume Dispersion and Deposition Calculations
UCRL-52049
RADIOFREOUENCY INTERFERENCE
Post Stabilization Ionization Level Predictions.
Volume III of the Calendar Year 1975 Annual Re-
port to the Defense Nuclear Agency
AD-A043 178/3CP
RADIOFREOUENCY SPECTROSCOPY
The Calculation of Millimeter and Submillimeter
Wave Absorption Line Parameters for the Molecu-
lar Oxygen Isotopes (16)02, (16)0(18)0, and
(18)02
AD-A017 397/1CP
RADIOMETERS
Remote Infrared Atmospheric Profiling System
(RIAPS)
AD-A018 562/9CP
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study.
Volume I
AD-915 570/6CP
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study.
Volume II. Appendices
AD-915 571/4CP
Atmospheric Transmittance Models for Infrared
Radiometric Measurements
COM-74-11295/4CP
Techniques for Computing Regional Radiant
Emittances of the Earth-Atmosphere System from
Observations by Wide-Angle Satellite Radiome-
ters, Phase 3
N77-20659/7CP
RADIOSONDES
Development of a Real-Time Rocketsonde and a
Real-Time Radiosonde Computer Program
AD-A053 608/6CP
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological Data
Redaction Part I Rawinsonde
AD-782 685/2CP
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological Data
Reduction. Part II. Rocketsonde
AD-782 686/OCP
Rawinsonde Observation and Processing
Techniques at the National Severe Storms
Laboratory
COM-71-00707/CP
Program for Electronic Evaluation of Radiosonde
Ascents.
N70-29112/CP
Radiosonde Ascents Reaching High Altitudes -
Tripoli. Libya, 1951-1957. Part 1 - Work Report.
N70-31479/CP
Studies of the Structure of the Plasmasphere as
Seen by Radiosounder Measurements Aboard the
Alovetti-Satellite.
N74-20467/8CP
Central Pacific VLF Signal Survey and Omega
Wind Error Predictions
PB-267 413/3CP
RAIN GAGES
Development of an Experimental
Hydrometeorological Data Collection Network
PB-270 265/2CP
RAINDROPS
Raindrop Size Distributions and Z-R Relation-
ships Measured on the NOAA DC-6 and the Ship
RESEARCHER within the GATE B-Scale Array
PB-269 659/9CP
RAINFALL
Computer Software for Rainfall Analyses and
Echo Tracking of Digitized Radar Data
COM-74-11253/3CP
Digitizing, Recording, and Computer Processing
Weather Radar Data at the Experimental
Meteorology Laboratory
COM-74-11464/6CP
Rainfall-Runoff as Spatial Stochastic Processes:
Data Collection and Synthesis
COM-75-11395/1CP
A Program for Calculating Thiessen Average
Rainfall
PB-211 232/CP
Estimated Rainfall for Drainage Calculations in
the United Kingdom
PB-226 513/OCP
Some Statistical Analyses of Hawaiian Rainfall
PB-233 674/1 CP
A Stochastic Rainfall Model and Statistical Analy-
sis of Hydrologic Factors
PB-238 948/4CP
Stochastic Simulation of Daily Rainfall
PB-239 268/6CP
Bidimensional Spectral Analysis of Rainfall Events
PB-239 797/4CP
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program
(SYNOP) Release No 1
PB-264 562/OCP
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program (SYNOP)
PB-264 563/8CP
Raindrop Size Distributions and Z-R Relation-
ships Measured on the NOAA DC-6 and the Ship
RESEARCHER within the GATE B-Scale Array
PB-269 659/9CP
RAINFALL INTENSITY
Digital Simulation of Thunderstorm Rainfall
PB 211 806/CP
RANDOM PROCESSES
The Global Reference Atmospheric Model. MOD 2
(With Two Scale Perturbation Model).
N77-20660/5CP
RATE CONSTANTS
Calculation of Selected Photolytic Rate Constants
over a Diurnal Range A Computer Algorithm
PB-266 739/2CP
RAWINSONDES
Reduction and Error Analysis of the AVE 2 Pilot
Experiment Data
N75-12531/0CP
RAY TRACING
Refractive Effects in Remote Sensing of the At-
mosphere with Infrared Transmission Spectrosco-
py
AD-A011 253/2CP
Geometrical Acoustics Techniques in Far Field In-
frasonic Waveform Syntheses
AD-A024 721/3CP
Analysis and Synthesis of Model lonograms Using
3D Ray Tracking Techniques
AD-A038 869/4 CP
Ray Tracing Study
AD-779 091/8CP
The Effect of Large Scale Irregularities on the
Propagation of VLF Waves Through the Lower
Ionosphere with Special Reference to Auroral
Hiss.
N70-22824/CP
A Ray Tracing Digital Computer Program for the
Study of Magnetospheric Duct Propagation.
N70-35774/CP
Extinction of a Tangential Ray. by Ray Tracing
Through the Atmosphere.
N70-36971/CP
95
SUBJECT INDEX
REACTION KINETICS
Calculation of Selected Photolytic Rate Constants
over a Diurnal Range A Computer Algorithm
PB-266 739/2CP
REACTION RATES
Survey ol Two-Body and Three-Body Reaction-
Rate Coefficients for the Ionized Stratosphere and
Mesosphere
AD-776 950/8CP
REACTOR KINETICS
Tutank: A Two-Dimensional Neutron Kinetics
Code
AEEW-R-1002
REACTOR TECHNOLOGY
Statistical Evaluation of Measured Data Obtained
at the Meteorological Station of the Munich
Research Reactor
N70-26323/CP
RECOMBINATION REACTIONS
The Effects of Uncertainties in the Two-Body Ion-
Ion Recombination Coefficient Upon Computed
Ion Distributions in the Stratosphere and Meso-
sphere
AD-A038 263/OCP
REFERENCE ATMOSPHERES
The Global Reference Atmospheric Model. MOD 2
(With Two Scale Perturbation Model).
N77-20660/5CP
REMOTE OETECTORS
A Specular Chamber for Off-Axis Response
Evaluations of High-Rejection Optical Baffling
System
AD-A031 212/4CP
REMOTE SENSING
A Stochastic Canopy Model of Diurnal
Reflectance
AD-A004 026/1 CP
Calculation of Levels of Relative Contribution of
the Carbon-Dioxide Channel Radiance from
TIROS VII in the Case of a Large-Scale Strato-
spheric Warming in January 1964
AD-736 529/CP
Atmospheric Transmittance Models for Infrared
Radiometric Measurements
COM-74-11295/4CP
REMOTE SENSORS
Feasibility Study for Remote Sensing of At-
mospheric Turbulence Profiles.
N70-22632/CP
Analysis of Radiation and Meteoroid Satellite Data
N72-32833/CP
Retrieval of Surface Temperature by Remote
Sensing.
N76-22637/2CP
Aafe Radscat Data Reduction Programs User's
Guide
N76-22643/0CP
Use of Lars System for the Quantitative Deter-
mination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffusion Coef-
ficients from ERTS Images of Virginia.
N76-24681/8CP
RIOMETERS
The Calculation of Riometer Absorption and an
Approximation Connection between Riometer Ab-
sorption and Solar Proton Fluxes during
Nighttime PCA Events
AD-A019 656/8CP
RISK ANALYSIS
Methodology tor Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings Volume I: Technical Report
PB-261 144/OCP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings Volume II: Computer Program User's
Manual
PB-261 145/7CP
ROCKET LAUNCHING
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Program for Operational Prediction of Toxic
Fuel Hazards
N73-28050/5CP
ROCKETSONDES
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological Data
Reduction Part II Rocketsonde
AD-782 686/OCP
ROSCOE COMPUTER PROGRAM
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 14b Midlatitude
Density Profiles of Selected Atmospheric Species
AD-A043 499/3CP
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 16. High-Altitude
Neutral-Particle Motion
AD A043 546/1CP
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 17. High-Altitude
Debris-Energy Deposition
AD-A043 547/9CP
RUBY LASERS
Experimental Pulsed Laser, Remote Crosswind
Measurement System - Feasibility Study and
Design
AD-786 647/8CP
RUNOFF
Rainfall-Runoff as Spatial Stochastic Processes:
Data Collection and Synthesis
COM-75-11395/1CP
SAINT LOUIS (MISSOURI)
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data. Volume I
PB-256 651/1CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data Volume II
PB-256 652/9CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study Part I
PB-266 255/9CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study Part II
PB-266 756/6CP
Non-Divergent Wind Analysis Algorithm for the St.
Louis RAPS (Regional Air Pollution Study) Net-
work
PB-276 582/4CP
SATELLITE DRAG
Environmental Dynamics at Orbital Altitudes.
N76-27748/2CP
SATELLITE OBSERVATION
Analysis of Radiation and Meteoroid Satellite Data
N72-32833/CP
SATELLITE ORBITS
Theoretical Study and Calculation of Particle Flux
in the Stable Region of the Magnetosphere.
N70-29050/CP
Program Eldose for Calculating the Distribution
of Absorbed Doses in Space Environment and
Charged Particle Acceleration Thin Films (Protons
and Electrons)
N71-25669/CP
SATELLITE ORIENTATION
Determination of Altitude Dependence of the Exo-
spheric Rotation Above 350 Km Bestimmung der
Hoehenabhaengigkeit der Exosphaerischen Rota-
tion Oberhalb 350 Km
N76-15717/1CP
SATELLITE PERTURBATION
Determination of Altitude Dependence of the Exo-
spheric Rotation Above 350 Km Bestimmung der
Hoehenabhaengigkeit der Exosphaerischen Rota-
tion Oberhalb 350 Km
N76-15717/1CP
SATELLITES (ARTIFICIAL)
Atmospheric Model Evaluation
AD-736 443/CP
SCIENTIFIC SATELLITES
Feasibility Study of a Quadrilateralized Spherical
Cube Earth Data Base
AD-A010 232/7CP
The Low-G Accelerometer Calibration System Or-
bital Accelerometer Experiment. Volume I. Experi-
ment Description and Methodology
AD-772 717/5CP
SCINTILLATION
SCINTDR A Program for Controlling the Fremouw
Scintillation Model
COM-74-10824/2CP
SCINTILLATION COUNTERS
Stellar Scintillometer Model II for Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
PB-273 921/7CP
SCINTILLOMETERS
Stellar Scintillometer Model II for Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
PB-273 921/7CP
SEA ICE
A Numerical Ice Forecasting System
AD-A023 183/7CP
The Naval Oceanographic Office Numerical Ice
Forecasting System Operations Manual
AD-A049 019/3CP
SEA STATES
Reduction and Analysis of Data Collected During
the Electromagnetic Tornado Experiment.
N77-19710/1CP
SEMIMARKOV PROCESSES
A Semi-Markov Weather Model
AD-778 873/0CP
SEWERS
Estimated Rainfall for Drainage Calculations in
the United Kingdom
PB-226 513/0CP
SHEAR LAYERS
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N71-35701/CP
SHOCK WAVES
Equation of State of the Air for Pressures Up to
1000 Bar and Temperatures Up to 3000 K . Equa-
tion Detat de Lair pour Une Pression Inferieure a
1000 Bar et Une Temperature Inferieure a 3000 K
N72-24972/CP
SIGNAL PROCESSING
Infrasonic Data Reduction
AD-748 283/CP
SIMULATION
Applications of Episode: An Experimental
Package for the Integration of Systems of Ordina-
ry Differential Equations.
UCRL-75868
SITE SURVEYS
A New Wind Energy Site Selection Methodology
PB-282 834/1CP
SKY BRIGHTNESS
Sky Radiance Calculations in the 0.5 micrometer -
5.0 micrometer Wavelength Range
AD-A015 812/1CP
SKY RADIATION
Infrared Sea and Sky Background Radiation.
N77-24935/7CP
SKYLAB 3
Ground Truth Data for Test Sites (SI-3).
N75-29531/1CP
SKYSCRAPERS
The Buffeting of Tall Structures by Strong Winds
COM-75-11442/1CP
SMOKE
Use of Lars System for the Quantitative Deter-
mination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffusion Coef-
ficients from ERTS Images of Virginia.
N76-24681/8CP
SMOKES
ATMOSPHERE. Fluid-Dynamic Simulation Model
for Predicting Spreading Processes in the At-
mospheric Boundary Layer
ANL-Trans-1103
Monte Carlo Simulation of Turbulent Atmospheric
Transport: Comparison with Experimental Data
CONF-771 109-58
Predicting Heavy Snowfall for Colorado Springs
Based on Computer Derived Synoptic Map Types
AD-718 422/CP
Applying a Window Pane Technique to the
Colorado Springs Snow Study
AD-743 301/CP
SNOWDRIFTS
Computer Simulation of Snowmelt
PB-265 109/9CP
SNOWMELT
Computer Simulation of Snowmelt
PB-265 109/9CP
SNOWSTORMS
Great Lakes Snowstorms Part 1. Cloud Physics
Aspects.
COM-71-00012/CP
SOFTWARE
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program
(SYNOP). Release No. 1
PB-264 562/OCP
SOLAR ACTIVITY
Analytic Solution of Coupled Mode Equations by
Computer
AD-772 828/OCP
Global Representation of Annual and Solar Cycle
Variation of foF2 Monthly Median 1954-1958
COM-75-11143/5CP
SOLAR CELLS
Statistical Analysis of NOAA Solar/Weather Tapes.
Program Summary
AD-A047 357/9CP
96
SUBJECT INDEX
STRATOSPHERE
SOLAR COSMIC RAYS
Short-Term Predictions on the Course ot Polar
Cap Absorption.
AD-706 410/CP
SOLAR ECLIPSES
Investigations of Ionospheric Total Electron Con-
tent Behavior at Conjugate Points and During a
Solar Eclipse.
AD-714 571/CP
SOLAR FLUX
Ap-8 Trapped Proton Environment tor Solar Max-
imum and Solar Minimum
N77-18983/5CP
SOLAR OCCULTATION ABSORPTION TECHNIQUE
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on High-
Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric Gases II.
Calculations with the Voigl Line Shape
COM-75-10595/7CP
SOLAR PROTONS
Ap-8 Trapped Proton Environment for Solar Max-
imum and Solar Minimum
N77-18983/5CP
SOLAR RADIATION
A Stochastic Canopy Model of Diurnal
Reflectance
AD-A004 026/1CP
Short-Term Predictions on the Course of Polar
Cap Absorption.
AD-706 410/CP
Extinction of a Tangential Ray. by Ray Tracing
Through the Atmosphere.
N70-36971/CP
Ground Truth Data for Test Sites (SI-3).
N75-29531/1CP
Direct Beam Solar Radiation. A Digital Computer
program
PB-236 902/3CP
Hourly Solar Radiation Data for Vertical and
Horizontal Surfaces on Average Days in the
United States and Canada
PB-265 551/2CP
The Delta-Eddington Approximation for a Verti-
cally Inhomogeneous Atmosphere
PB-270 618/2CP
Global Horizontal Solar Radiation for Australian
Locations Stored in the CSIRO CYBER 7600
System: The Data and Method of Retrieval
S.E.S.-75/3
SOLAR WIND
Correlative Studies of the Solar Wind. The Inter-
planetary Magnetic Field, and Their Effects on the
Geomagnetic Cavity Using Explorer 33 and 35
Data
N73-14808/CP
SOLID PROPELLANT ROCKET ENGINES
The Production ot Nitric Oxide in the Tropo-
sphere as a Result of Solid-Rocket-Motor After-
burning
N76-20180/5CP
SOUNDING ROCKETS
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of the Upper
Atmosphere using Satellite and Rocket Measur-
ments
AD-A022 677/9CP
Brazilian Participation in the Exametnet.
N74-19237/8CP
SOUTHEAST ASIA
Synoptic-Scale Weather Disturbances that In-
fluence the Fire Climate in Southeast Asia During
the Normally Dry Period
AD-721 112/CP
SPACE CHARGE
Modeling of the Geosynchronous Orbit Plasma
Environment Part I
AD-A053 164/OCP
SPACE ENVIRONMENTS
Modeling of the Geosynchronous Orbit Plasma
Environment Part I
AD-A053 164/OCP
SPACE SHUTTLE ORBITERS
Compulations of Non-Reacting and Reacting
Viscous Blunl Body Flows. Volume 1
N73-20309/CP
SPACEBORNE PHOTOGRAPHY
Improved Three Dimensional Nephanalysis Model
AD-736 798/CP
Measurements of Far-Ullraviolet Photographs
from Skylab 4 and APOLLO 6
N77 21516/8CP
Mapping ol Geostationary Satellite Pictures: An
Operational Experiment.
PB-191 189/CP
SPACELAB
Phase B-Final Definition and Preliminary Design
Study tor the Initial Atmospheric Cloud Physics
Laboratory (Acpl) A Spacelab Mission Payload.
N76-33273/3CP
SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION
Program Eldose for Calculating the Distribution
of Absorbed Doses in Space Environment and
Charged Particle Acceleration Thin Films (Protons
and Electrons)
N71-25669/CP
SPECTROGRAPHS
Auroral Spectrograph Data Reduction System
AD-A019 110/6CP
SPECTROSROPIC ANALYSIS
Feasibility of Satellite Measurement of Strato-
spheric Minor Constituents by Solar Occultation
COM-74-10720/2CP
SPECTRUM ANALYSIS
Numerical Filtering Technigues for the Time-Se-
ries Analysis of Oceanographic and Meteorologi-
cal Data
AD-723 864/CP
SPECTRUM SIGNATURES
A Stochastic Canopy Model ol Diurnal
Reflectance
AD-A004 026/1 CP
SPLINE FUNCTIONS
Cubic Spline Function Interpolation in At-
mosphere Models for the Software Development
Laboratory: Formulation and Data.
N76-27745/8CP
SPORADIC E LAYER
Tables from the Penn State Mark 1 Ionospheric
Model
N70-40978/CP
SPRAY NOZZLES
Computer Aided Nucleation Nozzle Design
AD-737 395/CP
STACK DISPOSAL
ATMOSPHERE. Fluid-Dynamic Simulation Model
tor Predicting Spreading Processes in the At-
mospheric Boundary Layer
ANL-Trans-1103
Application of the Epaec Scavenging Model to
Calculations for Industrial Plumes.
BNWL-SA-5*117
Monte Carlo Simulation of Turbulent Atmospheric
Transport: Comparison with Experimental Data
CONF-771109-58
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Statistical Evaluation of Measured Data Obtained
at the Meteorological Station of the Munich
Research Reactor
N70-26323/CP
Studies in the Use of Cloud Type Statistics in
Mission Simulation
N74-30053/4CP
Separation of Mixed Data Sets into Homogeneous
Sets
PB-264 813/7CP
Computer Software for the Assessment of Growth
Histories of Weather Radar Echoes
PB-268 753/1CP
STATISTICAL WEATHER FORECASTING
Use of the Negative Binomial-Truncated Poisson
Distribution in Thunderstorm Prediction
N72-14641/CP
STATS COMPUTER PROGRAM
Computer Software for the Assessment of Growth
Histories of Weather Radar Echoes
PB-268 753/1CP
STELLAR SCINTILLOMETERS
A Stellar Scintillometer for Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
PB-257 376/4CP
STIFF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
Description and Comparison of the K Method for
Performing Numerical Integration of Stiff Ordinary
Differential Equations
AD-A003 855/4CP
STORM SURGES
Storm Surge on the Open Coast Fundamentals
and Simplified Prediction
AD-728 128/CP
SPLASH (Special Program to List Amplitudes of
Surges from Hurricanes) I Landfall Storms
COM-72-10807/CP
SPLASH (Special Program to List Amplitudes of
Surges from Hurricanes) Part 2 General Track
and Variant Slorm Conditions
COM-74-10925/7CP
Estimation of Hurricane Storm Surge in
Apalachicola Bay. Florida
COM-75-11332/4CP
STORM WATER RUNOFF
Rainfall-Runoff as Spatial Stochastic Processes:
Data Collection and Synthesis
COM-75-11395/1CP
STORMS
Storm Surge Simulation in Transformed Coor-
dinates. Volume II. Program Documentation
AD-A034 651 /OCP
Storm Surge Simulation in Transformed Coor-
dinates Volume I Theory and Application
AD-A034 763/3CP
Parameterization of Weather Radar Data for Use
in the Prediction ot Storm Motion and Develop-
ment
AD-A052 535/2CP
Storm Surge on the Open Coast: Fundamentals
and Simplified Prediction
AD-728 128/CP
Forecasting Storm-Induced Beach Changes along
Virginia's Ocean Coast
AD-752 141/CP
Computer Simulation of Severe Storm Observa-
tions with Doppler Radars
COM-71-00020/CP
Bidimensional Spectral Analysis of Rainfall Events
PB-239 797/4CP
STRAM MODEL
STRAM - An Air Pollution Model Incorporating
Nonlinear Chemistry. Variable Trajectories, and
Plume Segment Diffusion
PB-270 778/4CP
STRATIFICATION
Atmospheric Simulation Using Stratified Liquid
Models
PB-274 529/7CP
STRATIFIED FLOW
An Experimental and Numerical Study of Wave
Motion and Upstream Influence in a Stratified
Fluid.
N74-32747/9CP
STRATOSPHERE
Balloon Measurements of Stratospheric Aerosol
Size Distribution Following a Volcanic Dust Incur-
sion
AD-A018 372/3CP
Analysis of Smoke Trail Photographs to Deter-
mine Stratospheric Winds and Shears
AD-A035 504/OCP
The Effects of Uncertainties in the Two-Body Ion-
Ion Recombination Coefficient Upon Computed
Ion Distributions in the Stratosphere and Meso-
sphere
AD-A038 263/OCP
Analysis of Stratospheric Balloon Programs
AD-722 076/CP
Calculation of Levels of Relative Contribution of
the Carbon-Dioxide Channel Radiance from
TIROS VII in the Case of a Large-Scale Strato-
spheric Warming in January 1964
AD-73C 529/CP
A Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter
AD-737 802/CP
Survey of Two-Body and Three-Body Reaction-
Rate Coefficients for the Ionized Stratosphere and
Mesosphere
AD-776 950/8CP
Stratospheric Balloon Aerosol Particle Counter
Measurements
AD-777 135/5CP
Detection and Analysis of Synoptic-Scale
Periodicities in Rocketsonde Data
AD-782 358/6CP
Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter Modifications.
Particle Sizing Accuracy Tests
AD-784 866/6CP
Feasibility of Satellite Measurement ol Strato-
spheric Minor Constituents by Solar Occultation
COM-74-10720/2CP
Dispersion within Ihe Stratosphere of Minor Con-
stituents.
N77-25714/5CP
Monte Carlo Analysis of Uncertainty Propagation
in a Stratospheric Model. 1 : Development of a
Concise Stratospheric Model.
N77-29673/9CP
Dispersion of Trace Constituents in the Strato-
sphere
N77-31678/4CP
97
SUBJECT INDEX
Software Development: Stratosphere Modeling.
N78-21692/6CP
STRESS ANALYSIS
Load Introduction into Pressurized Films
PB-252 385/OCP
SUBMILLIMETER WAVES
A Study of Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave At-
tenuation and Dispersion in the Earth's At-
mosphere
AD-A015 544/OCP
SULFATE REGIONAL EXPERIMENT
Design of the Sulfate Regional Experiment
(SURE) Volume III: Appendices
PB-251 703/5CP
SULFATES
Design of the Sulfate Regional Experiment
(SURE). Volume III: Appendices
PB-251 703/5CP
SULFUR DIOXIDE
Evaluation of Emission Control Strategies for Sul-
fur Dioxide and Particulates in the Chicago
Metropolitan Air Quality Control Region
ANL-IIPP-2
Pathways of Trace Elements in the Environment
CONF-770210-3
Comprehensive Atomospheric Transport and Dif-
fusion Model
ORNL/NSF/EATC-17
SULCAL: A Model of Sulfur Chemistry in a Plume
ORNL/NSF/EATC-21
Natural Precipitation Washout of Sulfur Com-
pounds from Plumes
PB-232 445/7CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data Volume I
PB-256 651/1CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data Volume II
PB-256 652/9CP
Mesoscale Air Pollution Transport in Southeast
Wisconsin
PB-265 382/2CP
SULFUR OXIDES
Optimal Control of Sulfur Dioxide Emissions at
Power Stations: Models and a Case Study
AD-775 392/4CP
Design of the Sulfate Regional Experiment
(SURE). Volume III: Appendices
PB-251 703/5CP
SUNLIGHT
Monte Carlo Studies of Sky Radiation
AD-772 640/9CP
SUNSPOTS
Global Scintillation Model
COM-75-50059/5CP
SUPERSONIC AIRCRAFT
Test and Evaluation of a Real-Time Simulated
Transcontinental Supersonic Boomless Flight
System Volume I Main Text and Appendix A
AD-A014 965/8CP
SUPERSONIC FLIGHT
Test and Evaluation of a Real-Time Simulated
Transcontinental Supersonic Boomless Flight
System Volume I. Main Text and Appendix A
AD-A014 965/8CP
SURFACE TEMPERATURE
A Numerical Study of an Idealized Ocean Using
Non Linear Lateral Eddy Viscosity Coefficients
AD-A009 973/9CP
SURFACE WATERS
Hetran A Subprogram Package for Predicting the
Heat Transfer Across the Surface of a Natural
Body of Water
BNWL-B-361
SYNOP COMPUTER PROGRAM
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program
(SYNOP) Release No 1
PB-264 562/OCP
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program (SYNOP)
PB-264 563/8CP
SYNOPTIC METEOROLOGY
Physical Mechanisms Responsible for the Major
Synoptic Systems in the Eastern Canadian Arctic
in the Winter and Summer of 1973
PB-258 821/8CP
T CODES
Tutank: A Two-Dimensional Neutron Kinetics
Code
AEEW-R-1002
TABLES (DATA)
Tables from the Penn State Mark 1 Ionospheric
Model.
N70-40978/CP
TALL BUILDINGS
The Buffeting of Tall Structures by Strong Winds
COM-75-11442/1CP
TELEPHONE SYSTEMS
Executive Summary: New York City Pilots Auto-
matic Telephone Weather Answering Service
(PATWAS) Test
AD-A046 755/5CP
TELEVISION EQUIPMENT
Machine Analysis of Infrared Cloud Images Ob-
tained by the Cosmos- 122 Satellite.
N71-10986/CP
TEMPERATURE
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study. Part I
PB-266 255/9CP
TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS
An Investigation into the Effect of an Industrial
Heat and Moisture Source on Local Atmospheric
Conditions
AD-733 227/CP
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
Retrieval of Surface Temperature by Remote
Sensing.
N76-22637/2CP
TERRESTRIAL RADIATION
Skylab S191. S192 Program Descriptions.
N77-26177/4CP
TEST EQUIPMENT
A Specular Chamber for Off-Axis Response
Evaluations of High-Rejection Optical Baffling
System
AD-A031 212/4CP
TETHERED BALLOONS
Investigation of Stability Characteristics of
Tethered Balloon Systems
AD-731 570/CP
THERMAL BLOOMING
Transonic Thermal Blooming
AD-A026 4S6/4CP
SSPARAMA: A Nonlinear, Wave Optics Multipulse
(and CW) Steady-State Propagation Code with
Adaptive Coordinates
AD-A037 395/1 CP
THERMAL PLASMAS
Behavior of Thermal Plasma in the Ionosphere
and Magnetosphere.
N74-22355/3CP
THERMAL POLLUTION
An Investigation into the Effect of an Industrial
Heat and Moisture Source on Local Atmospheric
Conditions
AD-733 227/CP
Potential Environmental Modifications Produced
by Large Evaporative Cooling Towers
PB-210 702/7CP
THERMAL RADIATION
Monte Carlo Studies on the Time-Dependent
Transport of Optical and Infrared Radiation in the
Atmosphere. Volume II. Thermal Radiation Trans-
port
AD-A042 769/OCP
Ground Truth Data for Test Sites (SI-3)
N75-29531/1CP
THERMAL REACTORS
Tutank: A Two-Dimensional Neutron Kinetics
Code.
AEEW-R-1002
THERMAL WINDS
Wind Shear - Thermal Wind Relationships on the
Mesoscale
AD-A013 508/7CP
THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES
A Model for Simulating Random Atmospheres as
a Function of Latitude, Season, and Time.
N77-31700/6CP
THERMODYNAMICS
Equation of State of the Air for Pressures Up to
1000 Bar and Temperatures Up to 3000 K . Equa-
tion Detat de Lair pour Une Pression Inferieure a
1000 Bar et Une Temperature Inferieure a 3000 K
N72-24972/CP
THUNDERSTORMS
A Mesoscale Investigation of Convective Activity
AD-721 242/CP
A Center for the Description of Environmental
Conditions. Weather Phenomena
AD-773 046/8CP
Use of the Negative Binomial-Truncated Poisson
Distribution in Thunderstorm Prediction
N72-14641/CP
Digital Simulation of Thunderstorm Rainfall
PB-211 806/CP
A Stochastic Rainfall Model and Statistical Analy-
sis of Hydrologic Factors
PB-238 948/4CP
TIME SERIES ANALYSIS
Fourier Analysis of Weather and Wave Data from
Holland, Michigan, July 1970
AD-723 602/CP
Numerical Filtering Techniques for the Time-Se-
ries Analysis of Oceanographic and Meteorologi-
cal Data
AD-723 864/CP
TORNADOES
A Study of the Applicability of Lasers to the Mea-
surement of Tornado Wind Speeds
AD-A052 636/8 CP
A Mesoscale Investigation of Convective Activity
AD-721 242/CP
Tornado Photographic Analysis
COM-75-10117/0CP
Reduction and Analysis of Data Collected During
the Electromagnetic Tornado Experiment.
N77-19710/1CP
Wind Field and Trajectory Models for Tornado-
Propelled Objects
PB-251 138/4CP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume I: Technical Report
PB-261 144/0CP
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume II: Computer Program Users
Manual
PB-261 145/7CP
TOTAL ELECTRON CONTENT
Computer Codes for Use in Display of Predicted
Scintillation Characteristics and Total Electron
Content
AD-A033 465/6CP
TOXICOLOGY
Annual Catalyst Research Program Report Ap-
pendices. Volume VII
PB-249 913/5CP
TRACE AMOUNTS
Pathways of Trace Elements in the Environment
CONF-770210-3
TRACE CONTAMINANTS
Dispersion within the Stratosphere of Minor Con-
stituents.
N77-25714/5CP
Oispersion of Trace Constituents in the Strato-
sphere.
N77-31678/4CP
TRACKING
Implementation of the SRI Objective Cloud
Tracking System at NEPRF
AD-A021 772/9CP
TRANSCONTINENTAL FLIGHTS
Test and Evaluation of a Real-Time Simulated
Transcontinental Supersonic Boomless Flight
System. Volume I. Main Text and Appendix A
AD-A014 965/8CP
TRANSFER FUNCTIONS
Analysis and Calculation of Lightning-Induced
Voltages in Aircraft Electrical Circuits
N74-14754/7CP
TRANSMISSIVITY
Direct Beam Solar Radiation A Digital Computer
program
PB-236 902/3CP
TRANSMITTANCE
Monochromatic Transmittance/Radiance Compu-
tations
AD-A003 755/6CP
Atmospheric Modeling for Molecular Absorption
Research Project
AD-776 971 /4CP
TRANSONIC FLOW
Transonic Thermal Blooming
AD-A026 456/4 CP
TRANSPORT PROPERTIES
User's Guide for Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide
Transport Model
PB-259 719/3CP
98
SUBJECT INDEX
WEATHER COMMUNICATIONS
TRAPPED PARTICLES
Ap-8 Trapped Proton Environment tor Solar Max-
imum and Solar Minimum
N77-18983/5CP
TRAVELING IONOSPHERIC DISTURBANCES
Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances
AD-746 314/CP
TROPICAL CYCLONES
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program tor the
Southwest Indian Ocean
AD-A001 271 /6CP
A Computer Program to Select Typhoon Analogs
and Print Out Their Descriptions Including Sub-
sequent Changes
AD-A009 530/7CP
Application ot Satellite Cloud-Motion Vectors to
Hurricane Track Prediction
AD-A021 907/1CP
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program for the
Southwest Pacific Ocean and Australian Region
AD-A023 676/OCP
Calculated and Observed Changes in Sea Surface
Temperature Associated with Hurricane-Passage
AD-713 052/CP
Further Verifications of and Experiments to Im-
prove the Modified Hatrack Scheme for Forecast-
ing the Motion of Tropical Cyclones
AD-734 985/CP
Hurricane Heat Potential of the North Atlantic and
North Pacific Oceans
AD-751 590/CP
The 1972 Typhoon Analog Program (TYFOON-72)
AD-758 007/CP
Extending the Computerized Typhoon/Tropical
Storm Prediction Program (Tyfoon 72) Toward
Seven Days
AD-770 207/9CP
TROPOSPHERE
Stratospheric Balloon Aerosol Particle Counter
Measurements
AD-777 135/5CP
Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter Modifications.
Particle Sizing Accuracy Tests
AD-784 866/6CP
The Production of Nitric Oxide in the Tropo-
sphere as a Result of Solid-Rocket-Motor After-
burning.
N76-20180/5CP
TURBULENCE
Turbulence Characterization and Control
AD-A027 155/1CP
A Description of the Atmospheric Turbulence En-
vironment Derived from the Critical Atmospheric
Turbulence (ALLCAT) Program
AD-A042 549/6CP
Application of Doppler Weather Radar to Turbu-
lence Measurements Which Affect Aircraft
AD-A048 603/5CP
TURBULENT BOUNDARY LAYER
Examination of Shipboard Measurements of the
Vertical Profiles of Mean Temperature. Humidity
and Wind Speed
AD-776 306/3CP
A Direct Numerical Method for Predicting Con-
centration Profiles in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
over a Flat Plate
N72-26289/CP
TURBULENT DIFFUSION
Mass Dispersion from an Instantaneous Line
Source in a Turbulent Shear Flow
AD-753 268/CP
TWO-DIMENSIONAL FLOW
Some Variable-Parameter, Steady-State Diffusion
Results
AD-815 625/CP
TYPHOONS
Further Development of a 3-7 Day Typhoon
Analog Forecast Model for the Western North
Pacific
AD-A012 369/5CP
Extending the Computerized Typhoon/Tropical
Storm Prediction Program (Tyfoon 72) Toward
Seven Days
AD-770 207/9CP
ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 17 High-Altitude
Debris-Energy Deposition
AD-A043 547/9CP
UserS Guide to the Nimbus-4 Backscatter Ul-
traviolet Experiment Data Sets
N78-21694/2CP
UPPER ATMOSPHERE
A High Altitude Infrared Radiance Model
AD-A008 035/8CP
An Updated Empirical Density Model for Predict-
ing Low-Altitude Satellite Ephemerides
AD-A010 424/OCP
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of the Upper
Atmosphere using Satellite and Rocket Measur-
ments
AD-A022 677/9CP
Analysis and Programming for Research in
Physics of the Upper Atmosphere
AD-A034 066/1CP
The Effects of Uncertainties in the Two-Body Ion-
Ion Recombination Coefficient Upon Computed
Ion Distributions in the Stratosphere and Meso-
sphere
AD-A038 263/OCP
Study of Meteor Wind Measurement Techniques.
Volume II.
AD-709 233/CP
The Stanford Meteor-Trails Radar Mark II
AD-709 673/CP
Atmospheric Model Evaluation
AD-736 443/CP
A High Altitude Radiance Model
AD-745 319/CP
Application of a Computer-Controlled Two-
Dimensional Densitometer to Photograph Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-763 082/CP
The Low-G Accelerometer Calibration System Or-
bital Accelerometer Experiment Volume I Experi-
ment Description and Methodology
AD-772 717/5CP
Modeling of Optical IR Backgrounds
AD-774 751 /2CP
A FORTRAN Program for Computing Steady-State
Composition Models of the Upper Atmosphere
AD-775 080/5CP
An Empirical Density Model for Predicting Low-
Altitude Satellite Ephemerides. Part 1 Data Analy-
sis and Model Formulation
AD-778 820/1CP
Some Recent Innovations in Atmospheric Density
Programs
AD-786 414/3CP
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on High-
Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric Gases
COM-74-10525/5CP
Environmental Dynamics at Orbital Altitudes
N76-27748/2CP
URBAN AREAS
Evaluation of Emission Control Strategies for Sul-
fur Dioxide and Particulates in the Chicago
Metropolitan Air Quality Control Region
ANL-IIPP-2
Cartographic Forecasts of Short-Term Air Pollu-
tion Averages
CEA-R-4837
Operational Aspects of Project Metromex: An In-
advertent Weather Modification Study.
COO-1 199-45
User's Manual for the APRAC-1A Urban Diffusion
Model Computer Program
PB-213 091/2CP
Users Network for Applied Modeling ot Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP)
PB-229 771/1CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data. Volume I
PB-256 651/1CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data Volume II
PB-256 652/9CP
USER MANUALS (COMPUTER PROGRAMS)
The Use of the Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5
and Associated Computer Programs
N74-19836/7CP
Amps Data Management Requirements Study
N76-11736/5CP
Aafe Radscat Data Reduction Programs User's
Guide.
N76-22643/0CP
User Guide to a Command and Control System; a
Part of a Prelaunch Wind Monitoring Program
N77-15056/3CP
Wisp Information Display System User's Manual
N78-18623/6CP
VAN ALLEN RADIATION BELT
Ionospheric Effects Resulting from Precipitating
Electrons at Mid and High Latitudes
AD-A027 297/1 CP
Solar Cycle Variations of Geomagnetically
Trapped Radiation
AD-774 043/4CP
VARMINT COMPUTER PROGRAM
A Methodology for Treating Large Localized
Emissions of Reactive Pollutants
PB-251 066/7CP
VEGETATION
A Stochastic Canopy Model of Diurnal
Reflectance
AD-A004 026/1 CP
VERTICAL MOTION
Criteria for Controlling Vertical Motion of Strato-
spheric Balloons
AD-A017 552/1 CP
VERY LOW FREQUENCIES
The Effect of Large Scale Irregularities on the
Propagation of VLF Waves Through the Lower
Ionosphere with Special Reference to Auroral
Hiss.
N70-22824/CP
VIRGINIA
Use of Lars System tor the Quantitative Deter-
mination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffusion Coef-
ficients from ERTS Images of Virginia
N76-24681/8CP
VISIBILITY
Computer Model for Investigating the Strategy of
Automatically Estimating Prevailing Visibility
COM-72-11491/CP
VOIGT PROFILES.
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on High-
Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric Gases II
Calculations with the Voigt Line Shape
COM-75-10595/7CP
WASHOUT
Application of the Epaec Scavenging Model to
Calculations for Industrial Plumes.
BNWL-SA-5117
WATER
An Iterative Method for Saturation Adjustment
AD-750 083/CP
An Experimental Study of the Freezing of Drops
in Free Fall
AD-776 390/7CP
WATER QUALITY
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program
(SYNOP). Release No. 1
PB-264 562/0CP
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program (SYNOP)
PB-264 563/8CP
WATER SUPPLY
Stochastic Simulation of Daily Rainfall
PB-239 268/6CP
WATER VAPOR
The Kinetics of Evolution of Water Vapor Clusters
in Air
AD-A025 675/OCP
WATERSHEDS
Some Statistical Analyses ot Hawaiian Rainfall
PB-233 674/1CP
WAVE PROPAGATION
Computational Techniques for the Study of In-
frasound Propagation in the Atmosphere
AD-A024 951/6CP
An Experimental and Numerical Study of Wave
Motion and Upstream Influence in a Stratified
Fluid.
N74-32747/9CP
WEATHER
Operational Aspects of Project Metromex: An In-
advertent Weather Modification Study.
COO-1 199-45
Automatic Digital Acquisition System for
Meteorological Data
SAND-75-0321
WEATHER COMMUNICATIONS
A Microprocessor-Based Communications Infor-
mation System
AD-A013 624/2CP
Executive Summary New York City Pilots Auto-
matic Telephone Weather Answering Service
(PATWAS) Test
AD-A046 755/5CP
Development of Techniques tor the Operational
Use of ITOS Satellite Data by the Fleet
AD-726 304/CP
99
SUBJECT INDEX
WEATHER DATA RECORDERS
Meteorological Data Acquisition System. Func-
tional Description and General Characteristics of
the Different Components.
N76-24843/4CP
WEATHER FORECASTING
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program for the
Southwest Indian Ocean
AD-A001 271 /6CP
A Computer Program to Select Typhoon Analogs
and Print Out Their Descriptions Including Sub-
sequent Changes
AD-A009 530/7CP
Basic ZOOM Program
AD-A011 409/OCP
Further Development of a 3-7 Day Typhoon
Analog Forecast Model for the Western North
Pacific
AD-A012 369/5CP
Application of a Finite Element Method to the
Barotropic Primitive Equations
AD-A019 494/4CP
A Cloud Advection Model
AD-A020 045/1 CP
Objective Analysis Technique in Sigma Coor-
dinates
AD-A021 213/4CP
A Generalized Version of the Fields by Informa-
tion Blending (FIB) Technique
AD-A021 638/2CP
Application of Satellite Cloud-Motion Vectors to
Hurricane Track Prediction
AD-A021 907/1CP
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program for the
Southwest Pacific Ocean and Australian Region
AD-A023 676/OCP
Research to Develop Improved Models of Cli-
matology That Will Assist The Meteorologist in
the Timely Operation of the Air Force Weather
Detachments
AD-A032 317/OCP
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter. Volume I
AD-A041 195/9CP
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terlace Adapter. Volume II
AD-A041 196/7CP
The Naval Oceanographic Office Numerical Ice
Forecasting System Operations Manual
AD-A049 019/3CP
Predicting Heavy Snowfall for Colorado Springs
Based on Computer Derived Synoptic Map Types
AD-718 422/CP
Diagnostic Studies of Sybsynoptic Atmospheric
Structure
AD-726 628/CP
Turbulence Forecasting Procedures
AD-731 134/CP
Validation of Meteorological Data
AD-731 138/CP
Further Verifications of and Experiments to Im-
prove the Modified Hatrack Scheme for Forecast-
ing the Motion of Tropical Cyclones
AD-734 985/CP
Improved Three Dimensional Nephanalysis Model
AD-736 798/CP
Applying a Window Pane Technique to the
Colorado Springs Snow Study
AD-743 301/CP
Pulse Pair Estimation of Doppler Spectrum
Parameters
AD-744 094/CP
A Two-Dimensional Short-Range Fog Forecast
Model
AD-750 082/CP
An Operational Decision Model Employing Opera-
tional and Environmental Factors
AD-755 403/CP
Application of Adaptive Estimation to Tempera-
ture Forecasting
AD-759 546/CP
Map Typing Computer Programs
AD-766 929/4CP
Extending the Computerized Typhoon/Tropical
Storm Prediction Program (Tyfoon 72) Toward
Seven Days
AD-770 207/9CP
Analytic Solution of Coupled Mode Equations by
Computer
AD-772 828/0CP
A Three-Parameter Model for Limited Area
Forecasting
AD-777 406/0CP
A Semi-Markov Weather Model
AD-778 873/OCP
Numerical Forecasting of Clear Air Turbulence
AD-818 985/CP
Simulation Research to Develop Objective
Meteorological Prediction Capability
AD-864 887/CP
Papers on Operational Objective Analysis
Schemes at the National Severe Storms Forecast
Center.
COM-71-00136/CP
SPLASH (Special Program to List Amplitudes of
Surges from Hurricanes) I. Landfall Storms
COM-72-10807/CP
Computer Model for Investigating the Strategy of
Automatically Estimating Prevailing Visibility
COM-72-11491/CP
SPLASH (Special Program to List Amplitudes of
Surges from Hurricanes). Part 2. General Track
and Variant Storm Conditions
COM-74-10925/7CP
Simulations of the Monthly Mean Atmosphere for
February 1976 with the Giss Model.
N78-24754/1CP
The Development of Computer Programs Applica-
ble to Meaningful Precipitation Management Ex-
periments
PB-202 199/CP
Separation of Mixed Data Sets into Homogeneous
Sets
PB-264 813/7CP
Computer Software for the Assessment of Growth
Histories of Weather Radar Echoes
PB-268 753/1CP
Methods for Estimating Areal Precipitation in
Mountainous Areas
PB-276 140/1CP
WEATHER MODIFICATION
Fog Clearing Using Helicopter Downdrafts: A Nu-
merical Model
AD-771 038/7CP
The Development of Computer Programs Applica-
ble to Meaningful Precipitation Management Ex-
periments
PB-202 199/CP
WEATHER OBSERVATIONS
Tornado Photographic Analysis
COM-75-10117/0CP
WEATHER RECONNAISSANCE AIRCRAFT
Computer Subroutine for Presenting Meterologi-
cal Flight Data on the Printer (CURVPT)
COM-71-50082/CP
WEIGHTLESSNESS
Zero-Gravity Atmospheric Cloud Physics Experi-
ment Laboratory; Programmatics Report.
N75-24526/6CP
WHISTLERS
Direction Finding on Whistlers and Related VLF
Signals
AD-742 776/CP
WIND
An Atmospheric Dispersion and Environmental
Prediction Technique
AD-A010 647/6CP
Program Graphic
AD-A011 416/5CP
Analysis of Chemical Smoke Releases to Charac-
terize Stratospheric/Thermospheric Wind Fields
AD-A022 678/7CP
Analysis of Smoke Trail Photographs to Deter-
mine Stratospheric Winds and Shears
AD-A035 504/OCP
Physically-Based High Resolution Surface Wind
and Temperature Analysis for EPAMS
AD-A055 861 /9CP
The Stanford Meteor-Trails Radar Mark II.
AD-709 673/CP
Numerical Preprocessing of Rawinsonde Position
Vectors
AD-732 205/CP
A Program for Evaluating Atmospheric Dispersion
from a Nuclear Power Station
COM-74-11336/6CP
WNDROS: A Program for Displaying Wind Rose
Data
ORNL/CSD/TM-40
WIND DIRECTION
Central Pacific VLF Signal Survey and Omega
Wind Error Predictions
PB-267 413/3CP
WIND EFFECTS
Determination of Altitude Dependence of the Exo-
spheric Rotation Above 350 Km Bestimmung der
Hoehenabhaengigkeit der Exosphaerischen Rota-
tion Oberhalb 350 Km.
N76-15717/1CP
WIND MEASUREMENT
A Comparison of a Coaxial Focused Laser Dop-
pler System in Atmospheric Measurements
N73-30627/6CP
WIND (METEOROLOGY)
Program Descriptions. Supplement to Mesoscale
Wind Fields and Transport Estimates Determined
from a Network of Wind Towers
COM-74-11470/3CP
User Guide to a Command and Control System; a
Part of a Prelaunch Wind Monitoring Program.
N77-15056/3CP
Wind Energy Flux Calculated from Idaho National
Engineering Laboratory (INEL) Sensor Network
Data
PB-253 205/9CP
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality.
An Approach and Computer Program for Wind
Flow Field Analysis
PB-263 921/9CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study. Part I
PB-266 255/9CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study. Part II
PB-266 756/6CP
Program to Calculate Winds Aloft Using a
Hewlett-Packard 25 Hand Calculator
PB-266 968/7CP
Non-Divergent Wind Analysis Algorithm for the St.
Louis RAPS (Regional Air Pollution Study) Net-
work
PB-276 582/4CP
WIND POWER
Stochastic Modelling of Site Wind Characteristics
PB-261 178/8CP
A New Wind Energy Site Selection Methodology
PB-282 834/1CP
WIND PRESSURE
Statistical Analysis of Extreme Winds
COM-75-10945/4CP
The Buffeting of Tall Structures by Strong Winds
COM-75-11442/1CP
WIND PROFILES
Development of a Procedure to Model High-
Resolution Wind Profiles from Smoothed or Low-
Frequency Data
N78-11642/3CP
WIND SHEAR
Wind Shear - Thermal Wind Relationships on the
Mesoscale
AD-A013 508/7CP
Analysis of Smoke Trail Photographs to Deter-
mine Stratospheric Winds and Shears
AD-A035 504/OCP
Wind Shear Modeling for Aircraft Hazard Defini-
tion
AD-A053 178/OCP
Recording and Analysis of Optical Data from
Stratospheric Dynamics Experiments
AD-A054 013/8CP
Wisp Information Display System User's Manual.
N78-18623/6CP
WIND VELOCITY
WINDVEL2: A Program for Plotting Wind Velocity
as Determined by OTH Radar
AD-A002 954/6CP
Program TRUWIND
AD-A005 311/6CP
Verification of Wind Measurement with Mobile
Laser Doppler System
AD-A047 252/2CP
A Study of the Applicability of Lasers to the Mea-
surement of Tornado Wind Speeds
AD-A052 636/8CP
Experimental Pulsed Laser, Remote Crosswind
Measurement System — Feasibility Study and
Design
AD-786 647/8CP
100
SUBJECT INDEX
ZEEMAN EFFECT
Wind Energy Flux Calculated from Idaho National
Engineering Laboratory (INEL) Sensor Network
Data
PB-253 205/9CP
Stochastic Modelling of Site Wind Characteristics
PB-261 178/8CP
Central Pacific VLF Signal Survey and Omega
Wind Error Predictions
PB-267 413/3CP
WIND VELOCITY MEASUREMENT
Determination of Constant-Volume Balloon Capa-
bilities for Aeronautical Research.
N77-19715/0CP
X RAYS
Atmospheric Transport of X-Rays.
AD-716 801 /CP
ZEEMAN EFFECT
Eso Bulletin No. 12.
N76-12912/1CP
101
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
AERODYNE RESEARCH INC BEDFORD MASS
ARI-RR-97
MRDA - A Medium Resolution Data Analysis Code
for the HP 2100 Computer
(AFGL-TR-77-0044)
AD-A042 263/4CP
AEROJET ELECTROSYSTEMS CO., AZUSA, CALIF.
AESC-1798-FR-1-Vol-1
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study
Volume I
fSAMSO-TR-73-381 -Vol-1 )
AD-915 570/6CP
AESC-1798-FR-1-Vol-2
Microwave Radiometry Applications Study.
Volume II Appendices
(SAMSO-TR-73-381 -Vol-2)
AD-915 571/4CP
AERONOMY CORP CHAMPAIGN ILL
Remote Diagnostics and Correlation Analysis for
Prairie Smoke
(RADC-TR-74-182)
AD-A014 434/5CP
AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CALIF
CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LAB
TR-0076(6754-03)-1
Band Model Parameters for the 4 3-microns Fun-
damental Band of C02 in the 100-3000 K Tem-
perature Range
(SAMSO-TR-76-35)
AD-A021 786/9CP
AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CALIF LAB
OPERATIONS
TR-0074(4260-10)-1 -Vol-1
The Low-G Accelerometer Calibration System Or-
bital Accelerometer Experiment. Volume I. Experi-
ment Description and Methodology
(SAMSO-TR-73-355-Vol-1 )
AD-772 717/5CP
TR-0075(5647)-3
Monochromatic Transmittance/Radiance Compu-
tations
(SAMSO-TR-74-247)
AD-A003 755/6CP
AIR FORCE AVIONICS LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON
AFB OHIO
AFAL-TR-77-229
Meteorological Sensitivity of LOWTRAN 3B
AD-A053 840/5CP
AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS
HANSCOM AFB MASS
AFCRL-AFSIG-305
An Updated Empirical Density Model for Predict-
ing Low-Altitude Satellite Fphemerides
AD-A010 424/0CP
AFCRL-ERP-501
Computer Program tor the Disturbed Steady-State
Nighttime D-Region
AD-A010 412/5CP
AFCRL-ERP 513
Almosphenc Transmittance from 0 25 to 28.5
Microns: Computer Code LOWTRAN 3
AD A017 734/5CP
AFCRl -ERP-531
The Calculation of Riorneter Absorption and an
Approximation Connection between Riorneter Ab-
sorption and Solar Proton Fluxes during
Nighttime PCA Events
AD-A019 656/8CP
AFCHL-SR-191
Atmospheric Density Determination from Analysis
cf Doppler Beacon Satellite Data
AD A012 195/4CP
AFCRl TH 75 0150
Computer Program for the Disturbed Steady-State
Nighttime D Region
AD A010 412/5CP
AFCRL-TR-75-0158
An Updated Empirical Density Model for Predict-
ing Low Altilude Satellite Ephemerides
AD A010 424/0CP
AFCRl TR-75-0176
Atmospheric Density Determination from Analysis
ol Doppler Beacon Satellite Data
AD A012 195/4CP
AFCRl TR 75-0255
Almosphenc Transmittance from 0 25 to 28 5
Microns Computer Code LOWTRAN 3
AD AUt/ /34/5CP
AFCRl TR 75 0469
The Calculation of Riorneter Absorption and an
Approximation Connection between Riorneter Ab-
sorption and Solar Proton Fluxes during
Nighttime PCA Events
AD A019 G56/8CP
AIR FORCE CAMBRIDGE RESEARCH LABS L G
HANSCOM FIELD MASS
AFCRL-AFSIG-241
Arctic Ionosphere Modelling - Five Related
Papers
AD-748 796/CP
AFCRL-AFSIG-267
An Empirical Model of the Polar Ionosphere
AD-766 240/6CP
AFCRL-AFSIG-276
A FORTRAN Program for Computing Steady-State
Composition Models of the Upper Atmosphere
AD-775 080/5CP
AFCRL-ERP-377
Photo-Equilibrium of Barium
AD-739 166/CP
AFCRL-ERP-401
Modeling the Bottomside Ionospheric Electron
Density Profile
AD-751 267/CP
AFCRL-ERP-421
Numerical Model of the Equatorial Electrojet
AD-758 196/CP
AFCRL-ERP-427
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to
28 5/micrometers Computer Code LOWTRAN 2
AD-763 721/CP
AFCRL-ERP-446
Geomagnetic Field Models for Ray Tracing
AD-766 241 /4CP
AFCRL-ERP-464
An Empirical Density Model for Predicting Low-
Altitude Satellite Ephemerides Part 1. Data Analy-
sis and Model Formulation
AD-778 820/1CP
AFCRL-IP-182
Application of a Computer-Controlled Two-
Dimensional Densitometer to Photograph Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-763 082/CP
AFCRL-TR-0062
An Empirical Density Model for Predicting Low-
Altitude Satellite Ephemerides Part 1 Data Analy-
sis and Model Formulation
AD-778 820/1CP
AFCRL-TR-73-0155
Application of a Computer-Controlled Two-
Dimensional Densitometer to Photograph Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-763 082/CP
AFCRL-TR-73-0294
Geomagnetic Field Models for Ray Tracing
AD-766 241/4CP
AFCRL-TR-73-0331
An Empirical Model of the Polar Ionosphere
AD-766 240/6CP
AFCRL-TR-73-0525
Formulation of Diurnal D-Region Models Using a
Photochemical Computer Code and Current
Reaction Rates
AD-766 525/OCP
AFCRL-71-0600
Photo-Equilibrium of Barium
AD-739 166/CP
AFCRL-72-0305
Arctic Ionosphere Modelling - Five Related
Papers
AD-748 796/CP
AFCRL-72-0340
Modeling the Bottomside Ionospheric Electron
Density Profile
AD-751 267/CP
AFCRL-72-0668
Numerical Model of the Equatorial Electrojet
AD-758 196/CP
AFCRL-72-0745
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to
28 5/micrometers Computer Code LOWTRAN 2
AD-763 721/CP
AFCRL-73-0635
A FORTRAN Program for Computing Steady-State
Composition Models of the Upper Atmosphere
AD-775 080/5CP
AIR FORCE EASTERN TEST RANGE PATRICK AFB
FLA
AFETR-TR-7607-Vol-l
Atmospheric Electricity and Tethered Aerostats,
Volume I
AD-A034 847/4CP
AIR FORCE ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNICAL
APPLICATIONS CENTER SCOTT AFB ILL
USAFETAC-6988
A Technique to Specify Liquid Water Content at a
Point in the Atmosphere
AD-A027 457/1 CP
AIR FORCE FLIGHT DYNAMICS LAB WRIGHT-
PATTERSON AFB OHIO
AFFDL-TR-72-51
Atmospheric Turbulence Field Parameters Deter-
mination
AD-745 946/CP
AFFDL-TR-77-4
A Description of the Atmospheric Turbulence En-
vironment Derived from the Critical Atmospheric
Turbulence (ALLCAT) Program
AD-A042 549/6CP
AIR FORCE GEOPHYSICS LAB HANSCOM AFB
MASS
AFGL-AFSG-380-PT-1
Modeling of the Geosynchronous Orbit Plasma
Environment. Part I
AD-A053 164/OCP
AFGL-ERP-580
Analysis of Smoke Trail Photographs to Deter-
mine Stratospheric Winds and Shears
AD-A035 504/OCP
AFGL-ERP-587
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0 25 to 28.5
Micrometers: Supplement LOWTRAN 3B (1976)
AD-A040 701/5CP
AFGL-ERP-621
Persistence. Runs, and Recurrence of Sky Cover
AD-A053 199/6CP
AFGL-TR-76-0243
Analysis of Smoke Trail Photographs to Deter-
mine Stratospheric Winds and Shears
AD-A035 504/OCP
AFGL-TR-76-0258
Atmospheric Transmittance from 0.25 to 28.5
Micrometers Supplement LOWTRAN 3B (1976)
AD-A040 701/5CP
AFGL-TR-77-0288-PT-1
Modeling of the Geosynchronous Orbit Plasma
Environment Part I
AD-A053 164/OCP
AFGL-TR-77-0308
Persistence, Runs, and Recurrence of Sky Cover
AD-A053 199/6CP
AIR FORCE GLOBAL WEATHER CENTRAL OFFUTT
AFB NEBR
AFGWC-TM-70-7
Turbulence Forecasting Procedures
AD-731 134/CP
AFGWC-TM-70-8
Validation of Meteorological Data
AD-731 138/CP
AFGWC-TM-71-2
Improved Three Dimensional Nephanalysis Model
AD-736 798/CP
AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON
AFB OHIO SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
AFIT/GEO/PH/77-1
A Matrix Approach to a Propagation Code
AD-A055 463/4CP
GSA/SM/74-8
A Semi-Markov Weather Model
AD-778 873/OCP
AIR FORCE WEAPONS LAB KIRTLAND AFB N MEX
AFWL-TR-74-47
Propagated EMP from Tangent and Buried Bursts
AD-783 246/2CP
AFWL-TR-74-204
Analytic and Numerical Chemistry Algorithms for
the WORRY Code WORRY Document No 2
AD-A012 002/2CP
ALABAMA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.
AUBURN.
Bull 470
Scheduling and Application Rates ol Irrigation in
Humid Climate
(OWRT-A-025-ALA(3))
PB-244 760/5CP
ALABAMA UNIV., HUNTSVILLE. SCHOOL OF
GRADUATE STUDIES AND RESEARCH.
NASA-CR-149932
Environmental Dynamics at Orbital Altitudes
N76-27748/2CP
UAH-RR-186
Environmental Dynamics at Orbital Altitudes
N76-27748/2CP
102
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
CALIFORNIA UNIV., LA JOLLA.
ALASKA UNIV COLLEGE GEOPHYSICAL INST
TR-2
Project SECEDE. Tracking Barium releases using
the TV-TRACK System
(RADC-TR-71-195)
AD-731 574/CP
ALASKA UNIV., COLLEGE. INST. OF WATER
RESOURCES.
IWR-76
User's Guide for Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide
Transport Model
(FHWA/AK-76-IWR76)
PB-259 719/3CP
ALLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC BALTIMORE
MD
ARA-101F
Development of Digital Enhancement Techniques
Applicable to Direct Read-Out (APT) Meteorologi-
cal Satellite Images
(EPRF-TR-3-73(ARA))
AD-774 524/3CP
ALLIED RESEARCH ASSOCIATES INC CONCORD
MASS
ARA-8G80-F
Development of Techniques for the Operational
Use of ITOS Satellite Data by the Fleet
(FAMOS-TN-2-71)
AD-726 304/CP
ANALYSIS AND COMPUTER SYSTEMS INC
BURLINGTON MASS
Development of Numerical Techniques and Com-
puter Systems for Climatological, Ionospheric and
Microwave Physics Applications
(AFGL-TR-76-0006)
AD-A022 975/7CP
ARGONNE NATIONAL LAB., ILL.
Evaluation of Emission Control Strategies for Sul-
fur Dioxide and Particulates in the Chicago
Metropolitan Air Quality Control Region
ANL-IIPP-2
ARGONNE NATIONAL LAB., ILL. (USA).
The What System: A New Digitized Radiosonde
and Double Theodolite Balloon Tracking System
for Atmospheric Boundary Layer Investigations
CONF-731205-1
ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON
Climatic Modeling of the Earth-Atmosphere
System
(ARO-9077.6-EN)
AD-A020 458/6CP
ARMY ARMAMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
COMMAND ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
BALLISTICS RESEARCH LAB
ARBRL-TR-02050
BENCHMARK-76: Model Computations for
Disturbed Atmospheric Conditions. II. Results for
the Stratosphere and Mesosphere
(AD-E430-017)
AD-A054 325/6CP
ARBRL-TR-02051
BENCHMARK-76: Model Computations for
Disturbed Atmospheric Conditions III. Results for
Selected Excitation Parameters at 60 km
(AD-E430-022)
AD-A054 376/9CP
ARMY COASTAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH
CENTER WASHINGTON D C
CERC-TM-35
Storm Surge on the Open Coast Fundamentals
and Simplified Prediction
AD-728 128/CP
ARMY ELECTRONICS COMMAND FORT MONMOUTH
N J
ECOM-5367
Data Reduction Program for Rocketsonde Tem-
peratures
AD 724 599/CP
ECOM-5515
Algorithms for Generating a Skew-T, log p Dia-
gram and Computing Selected Meteorological
Quantities
AD-769 739/4CP
ECOM-5527
Fog Clearing Using Helicopter Downdrafts: A Nu-
merical Model
AD-771 038/7CP
ECOM-5577
A Digital Data Acquisition Interface for the SMS
Direct Readout Ground Station - Concept and
Preliminary Design
AD-A022 317/2CP
ARMY ELECTRONICS COMMAND WHITE SANDS
MISSILE RANGE N MEX ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
LAB
A Study of Cloud Dynamics Utilizing Stereoscopic
Photogrammetry
(ECOM-5368)
AD-733 284/CP
A Two-Dimensional Short-Range Fog Forecast
Model
(ECOM-5443;
AD-750 082/CP
An Iterative Method for Saturation Adjustment
(ECOM-5444;
AD-750 083/CP
A General-Purpose Meteorological Rocket Data
Reduction Program
(ECOM-S462)
AD-751 780/CP
Numerical Approximations of Selected
Meteorologicl Parameters Related to Cloud
Physics
(ECOM-5475;
AD-757 623/CP
ARMY MISSILE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
COMMAND REDSTONE ARSENAL AL TECHNOLOGY
LAB
DRDMI-T-78-16
Methods for Prediction of Atmospheric Effects on
Laser Guidance Systems
AD-A051 617/9CP
ATLANTIC SCIENCE CORP INDIALANTIC FLA
Documentation and Description of the Bent Iono-
spheric Model
(SAMSO-TR-73-252)
AD-772 733/2CP
ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY LAB.,
BOULDER, COLO.
APCL-17
Computer Subroutine for Presenting Meterologi-
cal Flight Data on the Printer (CURVPT)
(NOAA-TR-ERL-199)
COM-71-50082/CP
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LAB WHITE SANDS
MISSILE RANGE N MEX
One-Dimensional Quasi-Time-Dependent Numeri-
cal Model of Cumulus Cloud Activity
(ECOM-S3S0)
AD-722 216/CP
AVCO EVERETT RESEARCH LAB INC EVERETT
MASS
Turbulence Characterization and Control
(RADC-TR-76-189)
AD-A027 155/1CP
BALLISTIC RESEARCH LABS ABERDEEN PROVING
GROUND MD
BRL-MR-2453
Computing Methods Used in Support of Modeling
Electron Concentrations in High-Altitude Chemi-
cal Releases
AD-A009 069/6CP
BRL-1702
Survey of Two-Body and Three-Body Reaction-
Rate Coefficients for the Ionized Stratosphere and
Mesosphere
AD-776 95078CP
BRL-1733
Description and Comparison of the K Method for
Performing Numerical Integration of Stiff Ordinary
Differential Equations
AD-A003 855/4CP
BRL-1790
Refractive Effects in Remote Sensing of the At-
mosphere with Infrared Transmission Spectrosco-
py
AD-A011 253/2CP
BRL-1909
Chemistry of Atmospheric Oeionization Outside
Intermediate-Altitude Fireballs. II. 15-. 20-. and 25-
km Altitude
AD-A029 890/1CP
BRL-1913
AIRCHEM: A Computational Technique for Model-
ing the Chemistry of the Atmosphere
AD-A030 157/2CP
BRL-1972
The Elfects of Uncertainties in the Two-Body Ion-
Ion Recombination Coefficient Upon Computed
Ion Distributions in the Stratosphere and Meso-
sphere
AO-A038 263/OCP
BATTELLE PACIFIC NORTHWEST LABS.,
RICHLAND, WASH.
CONF-741 003-7
Application of the Epaec Scavenging Model to
Calculations for Industrial Plumes
BNWL-SA-5117
Hetran: A Subprogram Package for Predicting the
Heat Transfer Across the Surface of a Natural
Body of Water.
BNWL-B-361
STRAM - An Air Pollution Model Incorporating
Nonlinear Chemistry, Variable Trajectories, and
Plume Segment Diffusion
(EPA/450/3-77/012)
PB-270 778/4CP
BATTELLE PACIFIC NORTHWEST LABS RICHLAND
WASH ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES DEPT
Precipitation Scavenging of Organic Contami-
nants
(AROD-10417 1-EN)
AD-779 551 /1CP
Natural Precipitation Washout of Sulfur Com-
pounds from Plumes
(EPA-R3-73-047)
PB-232 445/7CP
BONN UNIV. (WEST GERMANY). INST. FUER
ASTROPHYSIK UND EXTRATERRESTRISCHE
FORSCHUNG.
BMFT-FB-W-75-11
Determination of Altitude Dependence of the Exo-
spheric Rotation Above 350 Km Bestimmung der
Hoehenabhaengigkeit der Exosphaerischen Rota-
tion Oberhalb 350 Km
N76-15717/1CP
BOSTON COLL CHESTNUT HILL MASS SPACE DATA
ANALYSIS LAB
BC-SDAL-76-1
Theoretical and Numerical Studies of the Upper
Atmosphere using Satellite and Rocket Measur-
ments
(AFGL-TR-76-0025)
AD-A022 677/9CP
BUREAU OF RECLAMATION, DENVER, COLO.
ENGINEERING AND RESEARCH CENTER.
REC-ERC-77-8
Atmospheric Simulation Using Stratified Liquid
Models
PB-274 529/7CP
CALIFORNIA STATE DEPT. OF TRANSPORTATION,
SACRAMENTO. TRANSPORTATION LAB.
657169
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality.
An Approach and Computer Program for Wind
Flow Field Analysis
(FHWA/CA-76/38)
PB-263 921 /9CP
657169
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality -
A Difkin Sensitivity Analysis
(FHWA/CA-76/27)
PB-268 329/OCP
CA-DOT-TL-71 69 -2-76-27
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality -
A Difkin Sensitivity Analysis
(FHWA/CA-76/27)
PB-268 329/OCP
CA-DOT-TL-71 69-4-76-38
Transportation Systems and Regional Air Quality.
An Approach and Computer Program for Wind
Flow Field Analysis
(FHWA/CA-76/38)
PB-263 921/9CP
CA-DOT-TL-721 8 -1-76-23
CALINE 2 - An Improved Microscale Model for the
Dispersion of Air Pollutants from a Line Source
(FHWA/RD-77-74)
PB-275 683/1CP
CALIFORNIA UNIV., BERKELEY. SPACE SCIENCES
LAB.
NASA-CR-132869
Energetic Particle Flux Experiment (Imp F and G)
N74-18336/9CP
SSL-SER-14-ISSUE-19
Energetic Particle Flux Experiment (Imp F and G)
N74-18336/9CP
CALIFORNIA UNIV., LA JOLLA.
NASA-CR-137371
Studies of the Structure of the Plasmasphere as
Seen by Radiosounder Measurements Aboard the
Alovetti-Satellite.
N74-20467/8CP
103
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
CALIFORNIA UNIV., LIVERMORE LAWRENCE
LIVERMORE LAB.
CONF-750533-4
Adpic: A Three-Dimensional Transport-Diffusion
Model for the Dispersal of Atmospheric Pollutants
and Its Validation Against Regional Tracer Stu-
dies.
UCRL-76170
CONF-750902-3
Applications of Episode: An Experimental
Package for the Integration of Systems of Ordina-
ry Differential Equations.
UCRL-75868
CONF-761003-19
Modeling the Planetary Boundary Layer Using the
Galerkin Finite-Element Method
UCRL-78120
Current Status of LLL Four-D Atmospheric
Propagation Code Effort
UCID-16827-2
Modeling of Transport in the Two-Dimensional
Atmospheric Transport and Kinetics Codes
SPHERNEW and TRACER
UCID-17203
PATRIC: A Three Dimensional Particle-in-Cell
Sequential Puff Code for Modeling the Transport
and Diffusion of Atmospheric Pollutants
UCID-17701
Time-Dependent Propagation of High Energy
Laser BEAMS Through the Atmosphere
UCRL-51826
CPS: A Continuous-Point-Source Computer Code
for Plume Dispersion and Deposition Calculations
UCPL-52049
Development of a Three-Dimensional Model of
the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Using the Finite
Element Method
UCRL-52366
CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES DEPT OF
METEOROLOGY
Morphology and Dynamics of Ionospheric Storms
(AFCRL-TR-73-0610)
AD-774 760/3CP
CALIFORNIA UNIV., LOS ANGELES. SPACE
SCIENCE CENTER.
NASA-CR-1 29924
Correlative Studies of the Solar Wind The Inter-
planetary Magnetic Field, and Their Effects on the
Geomagnetic Cavity Using Explorer 33 and 35
Data
N73-14808/CP
CALIFORNIA UNIV., SAN DIEGO.
NASA-CR-138115
Behavior of Thermal Plasma in the Ionosphere
and Magnetosphere
N74-22355/3CP
CALIFORNIA UNIV., SAN DIEGO, LA JOLLA. DEPT.
OF CHEMISTRY.
Evaluation of a Short Term Oxidant Control
Strategy
(ARB-R-4-718-76-61)
PB-271 643/9CP
CALSPAN CORP BUFFALO N Y
CALSPAN-CJ-5756-M-2
Simulation of Marine Advection Fog with the Cal-
span Advection Fog Model Using Prognostic
Equations for Turbulent Energy
AD-A027 380/5CP
M156
Proiect Fog Drops 5. Task 1: A Numerical Model
of Advection Fog. Task 2: Recommendations for
Simplified Individual Zero-Gravity Cloud Physics
Experiments
N76-13702/5CP
NASA-CR-2633
Project Fog Drops 5 Task 1: A Numerical Model
of Advection Fog. Task 2: Recommendations for
Simplified Individual Zero-Gravity Cloud Physics
Experiments.
N76-13702/5CP
CEA CENTRE D ETUDES NUCLEAIRES DE
FONTENAY-AUX-ROSES, 92 (FRANCE). DEPT. DE
PHYSIQUE DU PLASMA ET DE LA FUSION
CONTROLEE.
Determination of the Particle Size Distribution of
an Aerosol Using a Diffusion Battery.
CEA-R-4549
CEA CENTRE D ETUDES NUCLEAIRES DE
FONTENAY-AUX-ROSES (FRANCE). DEPT. DE
PROTECTION.
Cartographic Forecasts of Short-Term Air Pollu-
tion Averages
CEA-R-4837
CHICAGO UNIV ILL LAB FOR ATMOSPHERIC
PROBING
TN-6
Digital Processing of FM-CW Radar Data
AD-733 295/CP
CITY UNIV. OF NEW YORK. DEPT. OF EARTH AND
PLANETARY SCIENCES.
CONTRIB-105
Simulations of the Monthly Mean Atmosphere for
February 1976 with the Giss Model.
N78-24754/1CP
NASA-CR-157158
Simulations of the Monthly Mean Atmosphere for
February 1976 with the Giss Model
N78-24754/1CP
COASTAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER FORT
BELVOIR VA
CERC-TM-50
Verification Study of a Bathystrophic Storm Surge
Model
AD-A012 799/3CP
COLORADO STATE UNIV FORT COLLINS COLL OF
FORESTRY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
A Stochastic Canopy Model of Diurnal
Reflectance
(ARO-9928.4-EN)
AD-A004 026/1 CP
COLORADO STATE UNIV., FORT COLLINS. DEPT. OF
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE.
Effects of Atmospheric Variability on Energy
Utilization and Conservation
COO-1340-52
COLORADO STATE UNIV., FORT COLLINS. DEPT. OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING.
NASA-CR-1 24355
A Comparison of a Coaxial Focused Laser Dop-
pler System in Atmospheric Measurements
N73-30627/6CP
COLORADO STATE UNIV FORT COLLINS FLUID
DYNAMICS AND DIFFUSION LAB
CER71-72SNP-JEC1
Mass Dispersion from an Instantaneous Line
Source in a Turbulent Shear Flow
AD-753 268/CP
THEMIS-CER-TR-19
Mass Dispersion from an Instantaneous Line
Source in a Turbulent Shear Flow
AD-753 268/CP
COLORADO UNIV BOULDER DEPT OF COMPUTER
SCIENCE
Software Tools for Climate Simulation
(AFOSR-TR-75-1530)
AD-A017 664/4CP
COMMONWEALTH SCIENTIFIC AND INDUSTRIAL
RESEARCH ORGANIZATION, MELBOURNE
(AUSTRALIA).
Global Horizontal Solar Radiation for Australian
Locations Stored in the CSIRO CYBER 7600
System: The Data and Method of Retrieval
S.E.S -75/3
COMPASS SYSTEMS, INC., SAN DIEGO, CALIF.
100-16
Program TRUWIND
(EPRF-CP-Note-16)
AD-A005 311/6CP
COMPUTER SCIENCES CORP., SILVER SPRING, MD.
NASA-CR-152508
Skylab S191. S192 Program Descriptions.
N77-26177/4CP
COMPUTER SCIENCES CORP., SILVER SPRING, MD.
SYSTEM SCIENCES DIV
CSC/TR-75/6007
Feasibility Study of a Ouadrilateralized Spherical
Cube Earth Data Base
(EPRF-TR-2-75(CSC»
AD-A010 232/7CP
CONTROL DATA CORP., MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study. Part I
(EPA/600/4-77/002a)
PB-266 255/9CP
An Objective Analysis Technique for the Regional
Air Pollution Study Part II
(E PA /600/4 - 7 7 /002b)
PB-266 756/6CP
CORNELL AERONAUTICAL LAB., INC., BUFFALO, N.
CAL-RM-2864-P-1
Investigation of Warm Fog Properties and Fog
Modification Concepts
N71-22619/CP
NASA-CR-1731
Investigation of Warm Fog Properties and Fog
Modification Concepts
N71-22619/CP
CORVALLIS ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LAB.,
OREG. ASSESSMENT AND CRITERIA
DEVELOPMENT DIV.
EPA/600/3-76/100
Cooling Tower Plume Model
PB-259 971/OCP
CRAMER (H.E.) CO., INC., SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.
M155
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Programs, Version 5.
N76-17658/5CP
M-245
Users' Instructions for the NASA/Msfc Cloud-Rise
Preprocessor Program, Version 6, and the
NASA/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Program, Version
6: Research Version for UNIVAC 1108 System
N78-18573/3CP
NASA-CR-2631
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Programs, Version 5.
N76-17658/5CP
NASA-CR-2945
Users' Instructions for the NASA/Msfc Cloud-Rise
Preprocessor Program, Version 6, and the
NASA/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Program. Version
6: Research Version for UNIVAC 1108 System.
N78-18573/3CP
NASA-CR-1 29006
Nasa/Msfc Multilayer Diffusion Models and Com-
puter Program for Operational Prediction of Toxic
Fuel Hazards
N73-28050/5CP
TR-76-106-01
Mixing-Layer Analysis Routine and Trans-
port/Diffusion Application Routine for EPAMS
(ECOM-77-2)
AD-A038 399/2CP
DANISH METEOROLOGICAL INST COPENHAGEN
GEOPHYSICAL DEPT
Ionospheric Research Using Satellites
(AFCRL-TR-75-049S)
AD-A015 861 /8CP
DANISH SPACE RESEARCH INST., LYNGBY.
The Effect of Large Scale Irregularities on the
Propagation of VLF Waves Through the Lower
Ionosphere with Special Reference to Auroral
Hiss.
N70-22824/CP
DARTMOUTH COLL HANOVER N H THAYER
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
Short-Term Predictions on the Course of Polar
Cap Absorption.
(AFCRL-69-054 1(l))
AD-706 410/CP
DELAWARE UNIV., NEWARK. WATER RESOURCES
CENTER.
Contrib-22
Estimation of Areal Average Precipitation Using
Different Network Densities and Averaging
Techniques
(OWRT-A-029-DEL(1»
PB-264 243/7CP
DENVER UNIV., COLO. DEPT. OF GEOGRAPHY.
The Development of Computer Programs Applica-
ble to Meaningful Precipitation Management Ex-
periments
(REC-14-06-D-6646-F)
PB-202 199/CP
DENVER UNIV., COLO. DEPT. OF PHYSICS AND
ASTRONOMY.
NASA-CR-137762
Measurements of Trace Constituents from At-
mospheric Infrared Emission and Absorption
Spectra, a Feasibility Study
N76-13673/8CP
DEPARTEMENT 0 ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES EN
TECHNOLOGIE SPATIALE, TOULOUSE (FRANCE).
Theoretical Study and Calculation of Particle Flux
in the Stable Region of the Magnetosphere.
N70-29050/CP
DEUTSCHE FORSCHUNGS- UND
VERSUCHSANSTALT FUER LUFT- UND
RAUMFAHRT, OBERPFAFFENHOFEN (WEST
GERMANY).
DLR-IB-552-76/27
Calculation of the Desired Angle Values for the
Alignment of a Stabilized Two Axis Rotating Plat-
form in an Aircraft Berechnung der Winkel-Soll-
werte fuer die Ausrichtung Eines Stabilisierten
Zwei-Achsen-Drehstandes in Einem Flugzeug
N78-14235/3CP
104
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
FRANKLIN PIERCE COLL RINDGE N H DEPT OF RESEARCH
DIGITAL PROGRAMMING SERVICES INC WALTHAM
MASS
Development and Application ot Data Processing
Techniques and Analytic Procedures to Cloud
Physics Data
(AFCRL-TR-75-0427)
AD-A018 662/7CP
DREXEL UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT OF PHYSICS
Scientilic-2
Diagnostic Studies of Sybsynoptic Atmospheric
Structure
(AFCRL-70-0617)
AD-726 628/CP
DREXEL UNIV., PHILADELPHIA, PA. DEPT. OF
PHYSICS AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE..
NASA-CR-145011
Techniques tor Computing Regional Radiant
Emittances of the Earth-Atmosphere System from
Observations by Wide-Angle Satellite Radiome-
ters. Phase 3
N77-20659/7CP
DREXEL UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT OF PHYSICS
AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Scientific-5
A One-Dimensional Numerical Model to Study the
Effects of Cumulus Clouds on the Environment
(AFCRL-TR-73-0014)
AD-760 123/CP
DUGWAY PROVING GROUND UTAH
DPG-FR-M920A
An Atmospheric Dispersion and Environmental
Prediction Technique
AD-A010 647/6CP
DPG-FR-M921A
Application of the Calder Finite Difference Diffu-
sion Model to Calculations ot Instantaneous
Elevated Line Source Dosages
AD-A009 750/1CP
DYTEC ENGINEERING INC HUNTINGTON BEACH
CA
DYTEC-R-7705
Atmospheric-Absorption Adjustment Procedure
for Aircraft Flyover Noise Measurements
(FAA-RD-77-167)
AD-A051 700/3CP
EDGEWOOD ARSENAL, ABERDEEN PROVING
GROUND, MD
ED-TR-74098
A Mathematical Model for the Atmospheric Dis-
semination of Evaporating Aerosol Clouds
(Evaporation Model)
AD-A015 542/4CP
EG AND G, INC., BOULDER, COLO.
ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES OPERATION.
A Parameterized Numerical Model of Orographic
Precipitation
PB-192 757/CP
Potential Environmental Modifications Produced
by Large Evaporative Cooling Towers
(EPA-16130-DNH-01/71)
PB-210 702/7CP
ELECTRONIC ASSOCIATES INC WEST LONG
BRANCH N J SCIENTIFIC COMPUTATION DEPT
30-307001
Ray Tracing Study
AD-779 091/8CP
EMMANUEL COLL BOSTON MASS
Scientific- 1
Study of Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in the
Magnetosphere: 1. Design and Fabrication of
Data Processing System 2 Mathematical Analysis
of Magnetospheric Models
(AFCRL-TR-74-0449!
AD-A003 394/4CP
Scienlific-1
Satellite Beacon Studies 1 Total Electron Con-
lent. 2 Scintillation Studies 3 Programming
(AFCRL-TR-75-0069)
AD-A008 193/5CP
Scientific-2
Calibration ol the SSJ/3 Sensor on the DMSP
Satellites
(AFGL-TR-77-0202)
AD-A045 997/4CP
Study ol Hydromagnetic Wave Propagation in the
Magnetosphere
(AFCRI -TR-75-0588)
AD-A020 301 /8CP
Mathematical-Model Programs
(AFCRL-72-0674)
AD-760 117/CP
EMMANUEL COLL BOSTON MASS PHYSICS
RESEARCH OIV
Analysis of Stratospheric Balloon Programs
(AFCRL-71-0115)
AD-722 076/CP
ENVIRONMENTAL PREDICTION RESEARCH
FACILITY (NAVY) MONTEREY CALIF
ENVPREDRSCHF-tech nole-24
A Generalized Version ol the Fields by Informa-
tion Blending (FIB) Technique
AD-A021 638/2CP
ENVPREDRSCHF-tech paper-16-74
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program for the
Southwest Indian Ocean
AD-A001 271/6CP
ENVPREDRSCHF-tech paper-20-75
Objective Analysis Technique in Sigma Coor-
dinates
AD-A021 213/4CP
ENVPREDRSCHFAC-tech-paper-1-73
The 1972 Typhoon Analog Program (TYFOON-72)
AD-758 007/CP
ENVPREDRSCHFAC-tech paper-6-73
Oceanic Fog. a Numerical Study
AD-767 934/3CP
ENVPREDRSHCHFAC-tech-paper-5-74
A Three-Parameter Model for Limited Area
Forecasting
AD-777 406/OCP
EPRF-CP Note-3
Basic ZOOM Program
AD-A011 409/OCP
EPRF-CP Note-11
Program Graphic
AD-A011 416/5CP
EPRF-CP Note-20
A Cloud Advection Model
AD-A020 045/1CP
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY,
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C. MONITORING
AND DATA ANALYSIS DIV.
Valley Model Computer Program
(EPA/DF-78/002)
PB-275 700/3CP
Single Source (CRSTER) Model Computer Pro-
grams
(EPA/DF-78/004)
PB-275 701/1CP
Climatological Dispersion Model OC (CDMOC)
Computer Program
(EPA/DF-78/003)
PB-276 516/2CP
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY,
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C. OFFICE OF AIR
QUALITY PLANNING AND STANDARDS.
EPA/450/2-77/013
User's Manual for Single-Source (CRSTER) Model
PB-271 360/0CP
EPA/450/2-77/018
Valley Model User's Guide
PB-274 054/6CP
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY,
INC., CONCORD, MASS.
ERT-P-821
Computer Program Compatible with a Laser
Nephelometer
N75-28749/0CP
ERT-P-1121-Vol 2
Adaptation ol Gaussian Plume Model to Incor-
porate Multiple Station Data Input Volume II Ap-
pendices
(EPA/600/3-75/003b)
PB-252 558/2CP
ERT-P-2095
Parameterization of Weather Radar Data for Use
in the Prediction of Storm Motion and Develop-
ment
(AFGL-TR-77-0216)
AD-A052 535/2CP
NASA-CR-143816
Computer Program Compatible with a Laser
Nephelometer.
N75-28749/0CP
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY,
INC., LEXINGTON, MASS.
NASA-CR-129030
Studies in the Use of Cloud Type Statistics in
Mission Simulation
N74-30053/4CP
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH ANO TECHNOLOGY,
INC., WESTLAKE VILLAGE, CALIF. WESTERN
TECHNICAL CENTER.
Design ol the Sullate Regional Experiment
(SURE) Volume III Appendices
(EPRI/EC-125-Vol-3)
PB-251 703/5CP
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH INST OF MICHIGAN
ANN ARBOR INFRARED ANO OPTICS DIV
ERIM-107600-10-T
Atmospheric Transmittance and Radiance:
Methods of Calculation
AD-A017 459/9CP
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABS., BOULDER,
COLO. OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR.
NOAA-TM-ERL-OD-8
Outline ol a Bayesian Approach to the EML Multi-
ple Cloud Seeding Experiments
COM-71-00875/CP
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES RESEARCH LAB..
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C.
EPA/600/4-77/049
Non-Divergent Wind Analysis Algorithm for the St.
Louis RAPS (Regional Air Pollution Study) Net-
work
PB-276 582/4CP
EPA/600/4-78/013
User's Guide for PAL A Guassian-Plume Al-
gorithm for Point. Area, and Line Sources
PB-281 306/1CP
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES RESEARCH LAB.,
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C. METEOROLOGY
AND ASSESSMENT DIV.
EPA/600/4-77/015
Calculation of Selected Photolytic Rate Constants
over a Diurnal Range. A Computer Algorithm
PB-266 739/2CP
ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNICAL APPLICATIONS
CENTER (AIR FORCE) WASHINGTON D C
USAFETAC-TN-71-11
Numerical Preprocessing of Rawinsonde Position
Vectors
AD-732 205/CP
USAFETAC-TN-72-8
An Operational Decision Model Employing Opera-
tional and Environmental Factors
AD-755 403/CP
USAFETAC-TN-74-3
A Precipitating Convective Cloud Model
AD-A002 117/OCP
EPSILON LABS INC BEDFORD MASS
FR-2001-73
Stratospheric Balloon Aerosol Particle Counter
Measurements
(AFCRL-TR-73-0700)
AD-777 135/5CP
FR-2003-74
Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter Modifications.
Particle Sizing Accuracy Tests
(AFCRL-TR-74-0349)
AD-784 866/6CP
Balloon Measurements of Stratospheric Aerosol
Size Distribution Following a Volcanic Dust Incur-
sion
(AFCRL-TR-75-0518)
AD-A018 372/3CP
EUROPEAN SOUTHERN OBSERVATORY, HAMBURG
(WEST GERMANY).
Eso Bulletin No 12
N76-12912/1CP
EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY, PARIS (FRANCE).
ESA-TT-381
Dispersion of Trace Constituents in the Strato-
sphere.
N77-31678/4CP
ONERA-P-1976-7
Dispersion ol Trace Constituents in the Strato-
sphere.
N77-31678/4CP
FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INST., HELSINKI.
TR-1
Numerical Weather Prediction in Finland During
1969
N72-28639/CP
FRANKLIN PIERCE COLL RINDGE N H DEPT OF
RESEARCH
Solar Cycle Variations of Geomagnetically
Trapped Radiation
(AFCRL-TR-73-0481)
AD-774 043/4CP
105
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
GCA CORP BEDFORD MASS GCA TECHNOLOGY
DIV
GCA-TR-70-9-A
Infrasonic Data Reduction
(AFCRL-72-0429)
AD-748 283/CP
GCA-TR-71-3-A
A Balloon-Borne Aerosol Counter
(AFCRL-71-0416)
AD-737 802/CP
GENERAL DYNAMICS SAN DIEGO CALIF
ELECTRONICS DIV
R-75-073
Remote Infrared Atmospheric Profiling System
(RIAPS)
AD-A018 562/9CP
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO PHILADELPHIA PA SPACE
DIV
A Compendium of Optical Interferometer Results
on Secede II
(RADC-TR-72-122)
AD-744 833/CP
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO., PITTSFIELD, MASS.
NASA-CR-2349
Analysis and Calculation of Lightning-Induced
Voltages in Aircraft Electrical Circuits
N74-14754/7CP
SRD-72-066
Analysis and Calculation of Lightning-Induced
Voltages in Aircraft Electrical Circuits
N74-14754/7CP
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO SANTA BARBARA CALIF
TEMPO
GE73TMP-20
WEPH V Code Modifications for HF Propagation
and System Performance Modeling
(DNA-3153T)
AD-770 053/7CP
GENERAL ELECTRIC CO SYRACUSE N Y HEAVY
MILITARY EQUIPMENT DEPT
R74EMH24
An Analysis of Ionospheric Electron Content Mea-
surements Utilizing Satellite-Emitted Signals
AD-A042 374/9CP
GENERAL RESEARCH CORP SANTA BARBARA
CALIF
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 14b Midlatitude
Density Profiles of Selected Atmospheric Species
(ONA-3964F-14b)
AD-A043 499/3CP
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 16 High-Altitude
Neutral-Particle Motion
(DNA-3964F-16)
AD-A043 546/1 CP
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 17 High-Altitude
Debris-Energy Deposition
(DNA-3964F-17)
AD-A043 547/9CP
The ROSCOE Manual. Volume 14A. Ambient At-
mosphere (Major and Minor Neutral Species and
Ionosphere)
(DNA-3964F-14A)
AD-A048 013/7CP
The ROSCOE Manual Volume 10 Models of Ion
Leak and Loss Cone Patches
(DNA-3964F-W)
AD-A048 014/5CP
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, TACOMA, WASH. WATER
RESOURCES DIV.
USGS/WRD-74-036
Direct Beam Solar Radiation A Digital Computer
program
PB-236 902/3CP
GEOPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY, CHRISTCHURCH
(NEW ZEALAND). PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING
LAB.
REPT-540
A Program for Reading Ionospheric Data
N78-23650/2CP
GEORGIA INST. OF TECH., ATLANTA.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES CENTER.
ERC-0972
Digital Simulation of Thunderstorm Rainfall
(OWRR-A-036GA(1))
PB 211 806/CP
GEORGIA INST. OF TECH., ATLANTA. SCHOOL OF
AEROSPACE ENGINEERING.
NASA-CR-150214
The Global Reference Atmospheric Model. MOD 2
(Wilh Two Scale Perturbation Model)
N77-20660/5CP
GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA SCHOOL OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Geometrical Acoustics Techniques in Far Field In-
frasonic Waveform Syntheses
("AFGL-TR-76-0055J
AD-A024 721 /3CP
Computational Techniques for the Study of In-
frasound Propagation in the Atmosphere
(-AFGL-TR-76-0056J
AD-A024 951/6CP
GEORGIA UNIV., ATHENS. DEPT. OF PHYSICS.
NASA-CR-61370
Use of the Negative Binomial-Truncated Poisson
Distribution in Thunderstorm Prediction
N72-14641/CP
GHANA UNIV LEGON DEPT OF PHYSICS
Total Electron Measurements of the Ionosphere
using Beacon Satellites BEB(S66) and BEC
(•AFCRL-72-0562;
AD-751 517/CP
GOODYEAR AEROSPACE CORP AKRON OHIO
GER-15325
Investigation of Stability Characteristics of
Tethered Balloon Systems
fAFCRL-7J-0406;
AD-731 570/CP
Scientific-2
Investigation of Stability Characteristics of
Tethered Balloon Systems
(AFCRL-71-0406)
AD-731 570/CP
GULF ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS
INC SAN DIEGO CALIF
GA-10165
Atmospheric Transport of X-Rays.
(DASA-2S71)
AD-716 801/CP
H S S INC BEDFORD MASS
HSSB-014
Auroral Spectrograph Data Reduction System
(,AFCRi.-TR-75-0360;
AD-A019 110/6CP
HARRY DIAMOND LABS ADELPHI MD
HDL-TR-1733
Asymptotic Properties of the Mie Coefficients
AD-A023 078/9CP
HAWAII UNIV., HONOLULU. WATER RESOURCES
RESEARCH CENTER.
TR-72
Some Statistical Analyses of Hawaiian Rainfall
(OWRR-A-029-HI(1))
PB-233 674/1CP
TR-85
Methodological Approaches in Hawaiian Fog
Research
(OWRT-A-041-HI(1))
PB-243 508/9CP
HEALTH EFFECTS RESEARCH LAB., RESEARCH
TRIANGLE PARK, N.C.
EPA/600/3-75/010h
Annual Catalyst Research Program Report Ap-
pendices Volume VII
PB-249 913/5CP
HYDROSCIENCE, INC., WESTWOOD, N.J.
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program (SYNOP)
(EPA/DF-77/002a)
PB-264 563/8CP
IBM FEDERAL SYSTEMS DIV BURLINGTON MASS
Program Structure of Atmospheric Density Pro-
grams
(AFCRL-TR-75-0063)
AD-A008 515/9CP
Some Recent Innovations in Atmospheric Density
Programs
(AFCRL-TR-74-0370)
AD-786 414/3CP
IBM FEDERAL SYSTEMS DIV BURLINGTON MASS
ADVANCED SYSTEMS DESIGN DEPT
Atmospheric Model Evaluation
(AFCRL-71-0543)
AD-736 443/CP
IBM RESEARCH LAB., SAN JOSE, CALIF.
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data Volume I
(•£PA-600/4-75/005-a;
PB-256 651/1CP
Development of an Urban Air Quality Simulation
Model with Compatible RAPS Data Volume II
(EPA-600/4-75/005-b)
PB-256 652/9CP
ILLINOIS STATE WATER SURVEY, URBANA.
CONF-741 165-1
Operational Aspects of Project Metromex: An In-
advertent Weather Modification Study
COO-1 199-45
ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN DEPT OF
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
TR-59
Techniques of Determining Ionospheric Structure
from Oblique Radio Propagation Measurements
(RADC-TR-76-401)
AD-A038 299/4CP
TR-61
A Multi-Channel Digital Data Logging System for
Ionospheric Scintillation Studies
(ARO-14260 3ELX)
AD-A051 754/0CP
UILU-Eng-76-2559
Techniques of Determining Ionospheric Structure
from Oblique Radio Propagation Measurements
(RADC-TR-76-401)
AD-A038 299/4CP
UILU-ENG-77-2259
A Multi-Channel Digital Data Logging System for
Ionospheric Scintillation Studies
(ARO-14260.3ELX)
AD-A051 754/OCP
ILLINOIS UNIV., URBANA. AERONOMY LAB.
NASA-CR-110899
Fortran Programs for Calculating Lower Iono-
sphere Electron Densities and Collision Frequen-
cies from Rocket Data
N70-42935/CP
UILU-ENG-70-260
Fortran Programs for Calculating Lower Iono-
sphere Electron Densities and Collision Frequen-
cies from Rocket Data.
N70-42935/CP
ILLINOIS UNIV URBANA IONOSPHERE RADIO LAB
TR-41
Investigations of Ionospheric Total Electron Con-
tent Behavior at Conjugate Points and During a
Solar Eclipse
(AFCRL-70-0539)
AD-714 571/CP
INFORMATION DESIGN INC BEDFORD MASS
Analysis of Chemical Smoke Releases to Charac-
terize Stratospheric/Thermospheric Wind Fields
(AFGL-TR-76-0011)
AD-A022 678/7CP
INSTITUT FRANCO-ALLEMANO DE RECHERCHES,
ST. LOUIS (FRANCE).
ISL-19/70
Equation of State of the Air for Pressures Up to
1000 Bar and Temperatures Up to 3000 K . Equa-
tion Detat de Lair pour Une Pression Infeneure a
1000 Bar et Une Temperature Inferieure a 3000 K
N72-24972/CP
INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ARLINGTON
VA SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY DIV
N-842
Effect of Weather at Hannover. Federal Republic
of Germany, on Performance of Electrooptical
Imaging Systems The Calculation Methodology
for a FLIR Using a FORTRAN Program
(SBIE-AD-E500-002)
AD-A045 090/8CP
P-1225
Atmospheric Transmission Modeling: Proposed
Aerosol Methodology with Application to the
Grafenwoehr Atmospheric Optics Data Base
(IDA/HO-76-18603)
AD-A035 765/7CP
INSTITUTE FOR STORM RESEARCH INC HOUSTON
TEX
ISR-0-04
The B-MALMID-4 Program Ballistic Messages at
Arbitrary Locations from Mixed Input Data
(ECOM-0M5-F;
AD-733 419/CP
INSTITUTO OE PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS, SAO JOSE
DOS CAMPOS (BRAZIL).
INPE-254-LAFE
Brazilian Participation in the Exametnet
N74-19237/8CP
JET PROPULSION LAB PASADENA CALIF
JPL-5040-39
Statistical Analysis of NOAA Solar/Weather Tapes
Program Summary
(-CGR/DC-19/76)
AD-A047 357/9CP
Wind Field and Trajectory Models for Tornado-
Propelled Objects
(EPRI-308-1)
PB-251 138/4CP
106
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
MINNESOTA UNIV MORRIS DIV OF SCIENCE AND MATHEMATICS
JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SERVICE,
WASHINGTON, D.C.
Global Contamination ot the Atmosphere by Kryp-
ton-85 from Worldwide Nuclear Power Plants and
the Radiation Danger
JPRS-53174
JRB ASSOCIATES, INC., LA JOLLA, CALIF.
A Methodology for Treating Large Localized
Emissions of Reactive Pollutants
(EPA/650/4-74/006)
PB-251 066/7CP
KAMAN AEROSPACE CORP BLOOMFIELO CONN
Test and Evaluation of a Real-Time Simulated
Transcontinental Supersonic Boomless Flight
System Volume I Main Text and Appendix A
(FAA-RD-75-131-1)
AD-A014 965/8CP
KANSAS UNIV. CENTER FOR RESEARCH, INC.,
LAWRENCE REMOTE SENSING LAB.
CRES-TR-186-9
Aafe Radscat Data Reduction Programs User'S
Guide.
N76-22643/0CP
NASA-CR-144992
Aafe Radscat Data Reduction Programs User's
Guide
N76-22643/0CP
KARLSRUHE UNIV. (WEST GERMANY).
ATMOSPHERE Fluid-Dynamic Simulation Model
lor Predicting Spreading Processes in the At-
mospheric Boundary Layer
ANL-Trans-1 103
KENTUCKY WATER RESOURCES INST.,
LEXINGTON.
RR-82
Stochastic Simulation of Daily Rainfall
(OWRT-A-045-KY(1))
PB-239 268/6CP
KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, KARLSRUHE (WEST
GERMANY).
KFK-2181
Meteorological Data Acquisition System. Func-
tional Description and General Characteristics of
the Different Components.
N76-24843/4CP
KMS TECHNOLOGY CENTER IRVINE CALIF
Theoretical Investigation of the Effect of Particle
Contaminants on Laser-Induced Air Breakdown
(AFWL-TR-72-172)
AD-760 175/CP
LOCKHEED ELECTRONICS CO., HOUSTON, TEX.
APPLIED MECHANICS DEPT.
NASA-CR-128871
Computations of Non-Reacting and Reacting
Viscous Blunt Body Flows. Volume 1
N73-20309/CP
TR2007-VOL-1
Computations ot Non-Reacting and Reacting
Viscous Blunt Body Flows, Volume 1
N73 20309/CP
LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO.,
HUNTSVILLE, ALA. RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING
CENTER.
HREC-6128-1
Taer Wind Conversion Program (Tarwon) User's
Manual
N71-30149/CP
NASA-CR-1 19176
Taer Wind Conversion Program (Tarwon) User's
M.mual
N71-30149/CP
LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO INC
HUNTSVILLE ALA HUNTSVILLE RESEARCH AND
ENGINEERING CENTER
I MSC-HREC-TR D49/071
Verification of Wind Measurement with Mobile
I aser Doppler System
(TSC FAA 77 14)
AD A047 252/2CP
LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO INC PALO
ALTO CALIF
Ionospheric Effects Induced by Precipitating Au-
roral riectrons HAES Report No 14
(DNA-3648F)
AD AOHi R73/6CP
LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO INC PALO
ALTO CALIF PALO ALTO RESEARCH LAB
I MSC-D407007
RREMGAT-A Code for the Generation and Trans-
port of Drensstrahlurig Through the Atmosphere
AD AOOfi 189/5CP
LMSC/D5005t3
Ionospheric Effects Resulting from Precipitating
Electrons at Mid and High Latitudes
(DNA-3884F)
AD-A027 297/1CP
LMSC/D555985
Investigation of Ionospheric Disturbances
(DNA-4225F)
AD-A043 965/3CP
LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO PALO ALTO
CALIF PALO ALTO RESEARCH LAB
LMSC/D246353
Trapped Radiation Studies Involving Plasma In-
stabilities and Radial Diffusion
(DNA-2824F)
AD-743 549/CP
LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO., PALO ALTO,
CALIF. SPACE SCIENCES LAB.
LMSC-D350709
Analysts of Low Energy Electrons
N73-31638/2CP
NASA-CR-1 10029
Lockheed Experiment on Ats-5 Quarterly Report,
1 Mar. - 31 May 1970
N70-35689/CP
NASA-CR-133920
Analysis of Low Energy Electrons
N73-31638/2CP
QR-3
Lockheed Experiment on Ats-5 Quarterly Report.
1 Mar - 31 May 1970
N70-35689/CP
LOGICON INC BEDFORD MASS
Analysis and Programming for Research in
Physics of the Upper Atmosphere
(AFGL-TR-76-0231)
AD-A034 066/1 CP
LOGICON INC LEXINGTON MA
Analysis and Research for Integrated Systems in
Physics of the Atmosphere
(AFGL-TR-77-0265)
AD-A051 126/1CP
LOS ALAMOS SCIENTIFIC LAB., N.MEX.
Monte Carlo Simulation of the Turbulent Trans-
port of Airborne Contaminants.
LA-6103
Rainout Assessment: The ACRA System and Sum-
maries of Simulation Results
LA-6763
LUDWIG-MAXIMILIANS-UNIVERSITAT, MUNICH
(WEST GERMANY). METEOROLOGISCHES INST.
MITT-14
Statistical Evaluation of Measured Data Obtained
at the Meteorological Station ot the Munich
Research Reactor
N70-26323/CP
LUFTWAFFENAMT, PORZ (WEST GERMANY).
INSPEKTION GEOPHYSIKALISCHER
BERATUNGSDIENST DER BUNDESWEHR.
GEOPHYSBDBW-FM-l/138
Radiosonde Ascents Reaching High Altitudes -
Tripoli, Libya. 1951-1957 Part 1 - Work Report.
N70-31479/CP
MSS COMPUTING, INC., HUNTSVILLE, ALA.
NASA-CR-150541
Wisp Information Display System User'S Manual.
N78-18623/6CP
REPT-77-042
Wisp Information Display System User'S Manual.
N78-18623/6CP
MARTIN MARIETTA CORP., BALTIMORE, MD.
MSC-05537
Ground Truth Data for Test Sites (SI-3)
N75-29531/1CP
NASA-CR-141911
Ground Truth Data for Test Sites (SI-3),
N75-29531/1CP
MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
Generation and Propagation ot Infrasonic Waves
(AFCnf.-TR-73-0T35)
AD-766 472/5CP
MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
OEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
Theoretical Prediction ol Acoustic-Gravity Pres-
sure Waveforms Generated by Large Explosions
in the Atmosphere
(AFCRL-70-0134)
AD-707 122/CP
MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
Scientific-1
Application of Satellite Cloud-Motion Vectors to
Hurricane Track Prediction
fAFCRL-TR-75-0635)
AD-A021 907/1 CP
MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS LAB
TE-33
Determination of a Hypsometer Performance
Function from Airborne Data.
AD-716 823/CP
MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
OPERATIONS RESEARCH CENTER
TR-82
Optimal Control of Sulfur Dioxide Emissions at
Power Stations: Models and a Case Study
(AROD-9239 10-M)
AD-775 392/4CP
MASSACHUSETTS INST. OF TECH., CAMBRIDGE.
RALPH M. PARSONS LAB. FOR WATER
RESOURCES AND HYDRODYNAMICS.
193
Bidimensional Spectral Analysis of Rainfall Events
(OWRT-C-41 18(9021 )(8»
PB-239 797/4CP
196
Rainfall-Runoff as Spatial Stochastic Processes:
Data Collection and Synthesis
(NOAA-75091809)
COM-75-11395/1CP
R-74-59
Bidimensional Spectral Analysis of Rainfall Events
(OWRT-C-41 18(9021 )(8))
PB-239 797/4CP
R75-5
Rainfall-Runoff as Spatial Stochastic Processes
Data Collection and Synthesis
(NOAA-75091809)
COM-75-11395/1CP
MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON
LINCOLN LAB
ETS-17
Automatic Real-Time Extinction Measurement
AD-A046 484/2CP
TT-7
Statistics of Global IR Atmospheric Transmission
(ESD-TR-76-67)
AD-A024 311/3CP
MCDONNELL-DOUGLAS ASTRONAUTICS CO.,
HUNTINGTON BEACH, CALIF.
MDC-G5456
Zero-Gravity Atmospheric Cloud Physics Experi-
ment Laboratory: Programmatics Report
N75-24526/6CP
NASA-CR-120725
Zero-Gravity Atmospheric Cloud Physics Experi-
ment Laboratory: Programmatics Report.
N75-24526/6CP
MCDONNELL DOUGLAS ASTRONAUTICS CO-WEST
HUNTINGTON BEACH CALIF
Magnetospheric Magnetic Field Modeling
(AFOSR-TR-77-0156)
AD-A037 492/6CP
METEOROLOGISCHES OBSERVATORIUM.
HOHENPEISSENBERG (WEST GERMANY).
Program lor Electronic Evaluation of Radiosonde
Ascents.
N70-29112/CP
METEOROLOGY RESEARCH, INC., ALTADENA,
CALIF.
MRI76-FR-1445
M-33 Radar Modifications at Snyder, Texas
PB-263 580/3CP
MICHIGAN UNIV., ANN ARBOR. HIGH ALTITUDE
ENGINEERING LAB.
UMICH-011023-2-T
Feasibility of Satellite Measurement of Strato-
spheric Minor Constituents by Solar Occultation
(NOAA-74030404)
COM-74-10720/2CP
MICHIGAN UNIV., ANN ARBOR. SPACE PHYSICS
RESEARCH LAB.
NASA-CR-130128
OGO-F-02 Data Analysis
N73-13376/CP
MINNESOTA UNIV MORRIS DIV OF SCIENCE AND
MATHEMATICS
Ionospheric Chemistry: Comparison ol AIRCHEM
Predictions with Results of Laboratory Simula-
tions
(ARO-12145 1-RTL)
107
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
AD-A024 146/3CP
MISSION RESEARCH CORP SANTA BARBARA
CALIF
DNA-HAES-62
Auroral Simulation Effects
(AD-E300-039)
AD-A049 066/4CP
MRC-R-92
An Analytic Boundary for the MHD Magnetic Field
Equation
(DNA-3232T)
AD-773 913/9CP
MRC-R-107
Stimulated Skyglow
(RADC-TR-74-109)
AD-781 094/8CP
MRC-R-122
Studies of Auroral Simulation
(DNA-3297F)
AD-781 275/3CP
MRC-R-152
Auroral Simulation Studies HAES Report No 6
(DNA-3567T)
AD-A012 476/8CP
MRC-R-244
An Examination ol the Adequacy of the Three-
Species Air Chemistry Treatment for the Predic-
tion of Surface-Burst EMP
(DNA-3880T)
AD-A025 280/9CP
MRC-R-313
Auroral Simulation Effects
(AD-E300-039)
AD-A049 066/4CP
MRC-R-7731-1-278
Physically-Based High Resolution Surface Wind
and Temperature Analysis for EPAMS
(ERADCOM/ASL-CR-78-0043-1)
AD-A055 861 /9CP
MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV., STATE COLLEGE. INST.
FOR ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES.
IES-72-02-001
A Direct Numerical Method for Predicting Con-
centration Profiles in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
over a Flat Plate
N72-26289/CP
NASA-CR-2050
A Direct Numerical Method for Predicting Con-
centration Profiles in a Turbulent Boundary Layer
over a Flat Plate
N72-26289/CP
MISSOURI UNIV COLUMBIA INFORMATION
SCIENCE GROUP
MOU-IS-PR-8
Disease Information System Ground Temperature
Derived from Other Geophysical Observations
AD-A021 524/4CP
MUNICIPAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LAB.,
CINCINNATI, OHIO. WASTEWATER RESEARCH DIV.
EPA/60079-76/014a
Synoptic Rainfall Data Analysis Program
(SYNOP) Release No 1
(EPA/DF-77/002)
PB-264 562/OCP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICAL ESTABLISHMENT,
OTTAWA (ONTARIO).
LTR-UA-28
Some Environmental Measurement of the Vertical
Spread of Pollutants from Low-Level Sources
N77-21734/7CP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION. ELECTRONICS RESEARCH
CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MASS.
NASA-SP-3055
A Ray Tracing Digital Computer Program for the
Study of Magnetospheric Duct Propagation.
N70-35774/CP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION. GOODARD SPACE FLIGHT
CENTER, GREENBELT, MD.
G-7440
An Experimental and Numerical Study ol Wave
Motion and Upstream Influence in a Stratified
Fluid.
N74-32747/9CP
NASA-TM-X-63879
Explorer 22 Electrostatic Probe Data Analysis -
Testing the Results for Accuracy
N70-25092/CP
NASA-TM-X-69987
The Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5.
N74-20502/2CP
NASA-TM-X-69988
The Use of the Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5
and Associated Computer Programs.
N74-19836/7CP
NASA-TM-X-71360
Monte Carlo Analysis of Uncertainty Propagation
in a Stratospheric Model. 1 Development of a
Concise Stratospheric Model.
N77-29673/9CP
NASA-TM-X-72605
Ap-8 Trapped Proton Environment for Solar Max-
imum and Solar Minimum
N77-18983/5CP
NASA-TM-78042
Aoips Data Base Management Systems Support
for Garp Data Sets
N78-15629/6CP
NASA-TM-78069
User's Guide to the Nimbus-4 Backscatter Ul-
traviolet Experiment Data Sets
N78-21694/2CP
NASA-TN-D-7744
An Experimental and Numerical Study of Wave
Motion and Upstream Influence in a Stratified
Fluid
N74-32747/9CP
NSSDC/WDC-A-R/S-76-06
Ap-8 Trapped Proton Environment for Solar Max-
imum and Solar Minimum.
N77-18983/5CP
NSSDC-72-10
The Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5.
N74-20502/2CP
NSSDC-72-11
The Use of the Inner Zone Electron Model AE-5
and Associated Computer Programs.
N74-19836/7CP
X-621-70-71
Explorer 22 Electrostatic Probe Data Analysis -
Testing the Results for Accuracy
N70-25092/CP
X-624-77-122
Monte Carlo Analysis of Uncertainty Propagation
in a Stratospheric Model. 1 : Development of a
Concise Stratospheric Model.
N77-29673/9CP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION, GREENBELT, MD. GODDARD
SPACE FLIGHT CENTER.
NASA-TM-X-71342
Atmospheric and Oceanographic Information
Processing System (Aoips) System Description
N77-31012/6CP
X-933-77-148
Atmospheric and Oceanographic Information
Processing System (Aoips) System Description.
N77-31012/6CP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION HUNTSVILLE ALA GEORGE C
MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
Wind Shear Modeling for Aircraft Hazard Defini-
tion
(FAA/RD-78/3)
AD-A053 178/OCP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION. LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER,
LANGLEY STATION, VA.
L-10594
The Production ol Nitric Oxide in the Tropo-
sphere as a Result of Solid-Rocket-Motor After-
burning.
N76-20180/5CP
L-11308
A Model for Simulating Random Atmospheres as
a Function of Latitude. Season, and Time
N77-31700/6CP
NASA-TN-D-8137
The Production of Nitric Oxide in the Tropo-
sphere as a Result of Solid-Rocket-Motor After-
burning.
N76-20180/5CP
NASA-TN-D-8470
A Model for Simulating Random Atmospheres as
a Function of Latitude. Season, and Time.
N77-31700/6CP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION. LEWIS RESEARCH CENTER,
CLEVELAND, OHIO.
E-8999
User Guide to a Command and Control System; a
Part of a Prelaunch Wind Monitoring Program.
N77-15056/3CP
E-9108
All-Weather Ice Information System for Alaskan
Arctic Coastal Shipping.
N77-21788/3CP
NASA-TM-X-73558
User Guide to a Command and Control System; a
Part of a Prelaunch Wind Monitoring Program.
N77-15056/3CP
NASA-TM-X-73619
All-Weather Ice Information System for Alaskan
Arctic Coastal Shipping
N77-21788/3CP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION. LYNDON B. JOHNSON SPACE
CENTER, HOUSTON, TEX.
JSC-08964
Cubic Spline Function Interpolation in At-
mosphere Models for the Software Development
Laboratory; Formulation and Data.
N76-27745/8CP
JSC-09063
Atmospheric Transmission Computer Program
Cp.
N75-29602/0CP
NASA-TM-X-58137
Atmospheric Transmission Computer Program
Cp.
N75-29602/0CP
NASA-TM-X-58183
Cubic Spline Function Interpolation in At-
mosphere Models for the Software Development
Laboratory: Formulation and Data.
N76-27745/8CP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION. MANNED SPACECRAFT
CENTER, HOUSTON, TEX.
NASA-TM-X-58071
A UNIVAC 1108 Computer Program for Use with
Worldwide Cloud Cover Distribution Data
N72-16144/CP
NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE
ADMINISTRATION. MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT
CENTER, HUNTSVILLE, ALA.
M-239
Development of a Procedure to Model High-
Resolution Wind Profiles from Smoothed or Low-
Frequency Data.
N78-11642/3CP
NASA-TM-X-64871
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Technical
Description. Part 1.
N74-33021/8CP
NASA-TM-X-64872
Four-D Global Reference Atmosphere Users
Manual and Programmers Manual. Part 2
N74-33022/6CP
NASA-TN-D-8194
Diffusion Algorithms and Data Reduction Routine
for Onsite Real-Time Launch Predictions for the
Transport of delta-Thor Exhaust Effluents
N76-20699/4CP
NASA-TP-1071
Development of a Procedure to Model High-
Resolution Wind Profiles from Smoothed or Low-
Frequency Data.
N78-11642/3CP
NATIONAL AVIATION FACILITIES EXPERIMENTAL
CENTER ATLANTIC CITY N J
FAA-NA-77-23
Executive Summary: New York City Pilots Auto-
matic Telephone Weather Answering Service
(PATWAS) Test
(FA/RD-77/80)
AD-A046 755/5CP
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS,
WASHINGTON, D.C. CENTER FOR BUILDING
TECHNOLOGY.
NBS-BSS-74
The Buffeting of Tall Structures by Strong Winds
COM-75-11442/1CP
NBS-BSS-96
Hourly Solar Radiation Data for Vertical and
Horizontal Surfaces on Average Days in the
United States and Canada
PB-265 551 /2CP
NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS,
WASHINGTON, D.C. INST. FOR APPLIED
TECHNOLOGY.
NBS-TN-868
Statistical Analysis of Extreme Winds
COM-75-10945/4CP
108
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE, SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.
NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC
RESEARCH, BOULDER, COLO.
NCAR-CT-38
Physical Mechanisms Responsible lor the Major
Synoptic Systems in the Eastern Canadian Arctic
in the Winter and Summer ot 1973
PB-258 821 /8CP
NCAR-CT-41
Comparison Between Dual-Wavelength Radar
Estimates and Ground Measurements of
Precipitation
PB-265 727/8CP
NCAR/TN-109* IA
Efficient FORTRAN Subprograms for the Solution
of Elliptic Partial Differential Equations
PB-263 498/8CP
NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC
RESEARCH, BOULDER, COLO. ATMOSPHERIC
ANALYSIS AND PREDICTION DIV.
NCAR/TN-121 • STR
The Delta-Eddington Approximation for a Verti-
cally Inhomogeneous Atmosphere
PB-270 618/2CP
NCAR/TN-127. IA
Description of the General Program Structure of
the Third-Generation NCAR General Circulation
Model
PB-276 694/7CP
NATIONAL CENTER FOR ATMOSPHERIC
RESEARCH, BOULDER, COLO. ATMOSPHERIC
TECHNOLOGY DIV.
NCAR/TN-120' EDD
Central Pacific VLF Signal Survey and Omega
Wind Error Predictions
PB-267 413/3CP
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER,
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C. CONTROL
SYSTEMS LAB.
EPA-R4-73-024
User's Guide for the Climatological Dispersion
Model
PB-227 346/4CP
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER,
RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK, N.C. METEOROLOGY
LAB.
EPA/650/4-74-008
User's Guide for Hiway A Highway Air Pollution
Model
PB-239 944/2CP
UNAMAP-001
Users Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP)
PB-229 771/1CP
User's Network for Applied Modeling of Air Pollu-
tion (UNAMAP) Version 2
(EPA/DF-74/038)
PB-240 273/3CP
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL SATELLITE CENTER,
WASHINGTON, D.C.
NESCTM-20
Mapping of Geostationary Satellite Pictures: An
Operational Experiment
PB-191 189/CP
NATIONAL HURRICANE CENTER, CORAL GABLES,
FLA.
Performance Analysis ol the HURRAN Tropical
Cyclone Forecast System
(NOAA-72060206-1)
COM -72-50079-04-01 /CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, BOULDER, COLO. AERONOMY
LAB.
NOAA-TM-ERL-AL-6
Accurate Langmuir Probe Measurements with an
On-Line Computer
COM-73-1 1634/5CP
NOAA-73090404
Accurate Langmuir Probe Measurements with an
On-Line Computer
COM 73-11634/5CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, BOULDER, COLO. AIR
RESOURCES LAB.
NOAA TM ERL-ARL-54
Wind Energy Flux Calculated from Idaho National
Engineering Laboratory (INEL) Sensor Network
Data
(NOAA -76030502)
PB-253 205/9CP
Geophysical Monitoring for Climatic Change No
1 Summary Report 1972
(NOAA 74032910)
COM 74-10908/3CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, BOULDER, COLO. OFFICE OF
THE DIRECTOR(ERL).
NOAA-TM-ERL-OD-15
On the Use of Gamma Functions and Bayesian
Analysis in Evaluating Florida Cumulus Seeding
Results
(NOAA-73062703)
COM-73-11202/1CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, BOULDER, COLO. SPACE
ENVIRONMENT LAB.
NOAA-TM-ERL-SEL-30
SCINTDR-A Program for Controlling the Fremouw
Scintillation Model
(NO A A-7 4032007)
COM-74-10824/2CP
NOAA-TM-ERL-SEL-34
A Semi-Automated System for True Height Analy-
sis of Film lonograms Part 3 Documentation of
Software
(NOAA-741 11809)
COM-74-11808/4CP
NOAA-TR-ERL-308
Global Scintillation Model
(NOAA-74121115)
COM-75-50059/5CP
SEL-30
Global Scintillation Model
(NOAA-74121115)
COM-75-50059/5CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, BOULDER, COLO. WAVE
PROPAGATION LAB.
NOAA-TM-ERL-WPL-15
A Stellar Scintillometer for Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
PB-257 376/4CP
NOAA-TM-ERL-WPL-21
Microcomputer-Controlled Acoustic Echo
Sounder
(NOAA-77050104)
PB-268 033/8CP
NOAA-TM-ERL-WPL-25
Stellar Scintillometer Model II for Measurement of
Refractive-Turbulence Profiles
(NOAA-77092205)
PB-273 921/7CP
NOAA-TR-ERL-314
The Search for Most Unstable Scales of
Disturbances in Three-Layer Atmospheric Models
with Shear and Static Stability—Procedure and
Results
(NOAA-75041104)
COM-75-10588/2CP
WPL-16
A Program for Calculating Three-Dimensional
Acoustic-Gravity Ray Paths in the Atmosphere
(NOAA-TR-ERL-212)
COM-71-50410/CP
WPL-36
The Search for Most Unstable Scales of
Disturbances in Three-Layer Atmospheric Models
with Shear and Static Stability-Procedure and
Results
(NOAA -7504 1 104)
COM-75-10588/2CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, BOULDER, COLO. WEATHER
MODIFICATION PROGRAM OFFICE.
NOAA-TM -ERL-WMPO-1 4
Guide to Computer Programs Used in the Statisti-
cal Analysis ol Florida Cumulus Seeding Experi-
ments
(NOAA-74061201)
COM-74-11286/3CP
NOAA-TM-ERL-WMPO-15
Computer Software for Rainfall Analyses and
Echo Tracking of Digitized Radar Data
(NOAA-74052009)
COM-74-11253/3CP
NOAA-TM-ERL-WMPO-17
Digitizing. Recording, and Computer Processing
Weather Radar Data at the Experimental
Meteorology Laboratory
(NOAA-74080611)
COM-74-11464/6CP
NOAA-TM ERL-WMPO-35
Computer Software for the Assessment of Growth
Histories of Weather Radar Echoes
(NOAA-77051812)
PB-268 753/1CP
NOAA-TM -ERL-WMPO-37
Raindrop Size Distributions and Z-R Relation-
ships Measured on the NOAA DC-6 and the Ship
RESEARCHER within the GATE B-Scale Array
(NOAA-77060202)
PB-269 659/9CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, IDAHO FALLS, IDAHO. AIR
RESOURCES LAB.
NOAA-TM-ERL-ARL-42
A Program for Evaluating Atmospheric Dispersion
from a Nuclear Power Station
(NOAA- 740627 10)
COM-74-11336/6CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, IDAHO FALLS, IDAHO. AIR
RESOURCES LABS.
NOAA-TM-ERL-ARL-43
Program Descriptions. Supplement to Mesoscale
Wind Fields and Transport Estimates Determined
from a Network of Wind Towers
(NOAA-74080605)
COM-74-11470/3CP
NOAA-TM-ERL-ARL-44
Regional Effluent Dispersion Calculations Con-
sidering Spatial and Temporal Meteorological
Variations
(NOAA-74091808)
COM-74-11627/8CP
NOAA-TM-ERL-ARL-66
A Feasibility Study for the Application of K-Band
Radar in the Investigation of Cooling Tower
Plumes
(NO AA-77 110803)
PB-275 380/4CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, OAK RIDGE, TENN.
ATMOSPHERIC TURBULENCE AND DIFFUSION LAB.
Meteorological Effects of the Cooling Towers at
the Oak Ridge Gaseous Diffusion Plant, li. Predic-
tions of Fog Occurrence and Drift Deposition.
TID-26686-P2
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, SILVER SPRING, MD.
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA SERVICE.
NOAA-TR-EDS-11
A Note on a Gamma Distribution Computer Pro-
gram and Graph Paper
(NOAA-73082106)
COM-73-1 1401 /9CP
NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC
ADMINISTRATION, WASHINGTON,
D.C. ENVIRONMENTAL DATA SERVICE.
NOAA-TR-EDS-19
Separation of Mixed Data Sets into Homogeneous
Sets
(NOAA-77020701)
PB-264 813/7CP
NATIONAL SEVERE STORMS LAB., NORMAN,
OKLA.
NOAA-ERLTM-NSSL-51
Papers on Operational Objective Analysis
Schemes at the National Severe Storms Forecast
Center
(NOAA-71010701)
COM-71-00136/CP
NOAA-ERLTM-NSSL-53
Rawinsonde Observation and Processing
Techniques at the National Severe Storms
Laboratory
COM-71-00707/CP
NOAA-TM-ERL-NSSL-54
Model of Precipitation and Vertical Air Currents
COM-71-00911/CP
NOAA-TM -ERL-NSSL-62
Mesoscale Objective Map Analysis Using
Weighted Time-Series Observations
(NOAA-73050302)
COM-73-10781/CP
NSSL-1
Application of Doppler Weather Radar to Turbu-
lence Measurements Which Affect Aircraft
(FAA/RD-77/145)
AD-A048 603/5CP
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE, SALT LAKE CITY,
UTAH. WESTERN REGION.
NOAA-TM -NWS- WR-1 15
Program to Calculate Winds Aloft Using a
Hewlett-Packard 25 Hand Calculator
(NOAA-77033105)
PB-266 968/7CP
NOAA-TM-NWS-WR-128
Hand Calculator Program to Compute Parcel
Thermal Dynamics
(NOAA-78051002)
PB-283 080/OCP
109
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE, SILVER SPRING,
MO. OFFICE OF HYDROLOGY.
NOAA-TM-NWS-HYDRO-14
National Weather Service River Forecast System
Forecast Procedures
COM-73-10365/CP
NOAA-TR-NWS-17
Estimation of Hurricane Storm Surge in
Apalachicola Bay, Florida
(NOAA- 750826 10)
COM-75-11332/4CP
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE, SILVER SPRING,
MD. TECHNIQUES DEVELOPMENT LAB.
NOAA-TM-NWS-TDL-46
SPLASH (Special Program to List Amplitudes of
Surges from Hurricanes) I. Landfall Storms
(NOAA-72062701)
COM-72-10807/CP
NOAA-TM-NWS-TDL-52
SPLASH (Special Program to List Amplitudes of
Surges from Hurricanes). Part 2 General Track
and Variant Storm Conditions
(NOAA-74040908)
COM-74-10925/7CP
NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD DIV OF
ENGINEERING AND WEAPONS
EW-3-74
The Kinetics of Evolution of Water Vapor Clusters
in Air
AD-A025 675/OCP
EW-72-1
Computer Aided Nucleation Nozzle Design
AD-737 395/CP
NAVAL ELECTRONICS LAB CENTER SAN DIEGO
CALIF
NELC-IR-722
Mode Conversion Program for an Inhomogeneous
Anisotropic Ionosphere
AD-743 948/CP
NAVAL ENVIRONMENTAL PREDICTION RESEARCH
FACILITY MONTEREY CALIF
EPRF-Technical paper-1-76
A Tropical Cyclone Analog Program for the
Southwest Pacific Ocean and Australian Region
AD-A023 676/OCP
NEPRF-CP-Note-10
Ocean Climatology Extraction and Adjustment
Program for the Mediterranean Program SOVEL
AD-A035 170/OCP
NAVAL MISSILE CENTER, POINT MUGU, CALIF.
NMC-TM-68-67
A Method for Determination of Atmospheric
Refraction Characteristics Through Use of
Navigational Satellite Data.
AD-849 142/CP
NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO
CALIF
NOSC-IR-782
INVERT , A Computer Program For Obtaining D-
Region Electron Density Profiles from VLF Reflec-
tion Coefficients
AD-A050 256/7CP
NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE WASHINGTON D
C
NOO-RP-8
A Numerical Ice Forecasting System
AD-A023 183/7CP
NOO-TN-6150-33-74
The Naval Oceanographic Office Numerical Ice
Forecasting System Operations Manual
AD-A049 019/3CP
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY
CALIF
NPS-58LR74031
1973 Variations of Hurricane Heat Potential in the
Philippine Sea and the Gulf of Mexico
AD-777 971/3CP
NPS-63Rd77061
Statistical Diagnostic Modeling of Marine Fog
Using Model Output Parameters
AD-A042 059/6CP
Test and Evaluation of a VTPR Retrieval System
from Clear-Column NOAA 2 Radiances
AD-A009 921 /8CP
A Numerical Study of an Idealized Ocean Using
Non Linear Lateral Eddy Viscosity Coefficients
AD-A009 973/9CP
Heat Budget Parameterization for the FNWC
Primitive Equation Model Using Data for 16
January 1974
AD-A009 977/OCP
A Microprocessor-Based Communications Infor-
mation System
AD-A013 624/2CP
A Climatology of Marine-Fog Frequencies for the
North Pacific Ocean Summer Fog Season
AD-A018 300/4CP
Application of a Finite Element Method to the
Barotropic Primitive Equations
AD-A019 494/4CP
Transonic Thermal Blooming
AD-A026 456/4CP
Pulse Height Analyzer Interfacing and Computer
Programming in the Environmental Laser
Propagation Project
AD-A028 858/9CP
A Microprogrammable Oata Acquisition and Con-
trol System (MIDAS MA) with Application to Mean
Meteorological Data
AD-A032 377/4CP
Calculated and Observed Changes in Sea Surface
Temperature Associated with Hurricane Passage.
AD-713 052/CP
A Mesoscale Investigation of Convective Activity
AD-721 242/CP
An Investigation into the Effect of an Industrial
Heat and Moisture Source on Local Atmospheric
Conditions
AD-733 227/CP
Further Verifications of and Experiments to Im-
prove the Modified Hatrack Scheme for Forecast-
ing the Motion of Tropical Cyclones
AD-734 985/CP
Calculation of Levels of Relative Contribution of
the Carbon-Dioxide Channel Radiance from
TIROS VII in the Case of a Large-Scale Strato-
spheric Warming in January 1964
AD-736 529/CP
A Statistical Model of Atmospheric Temperature
Signals
AD-743 760/CP
Hurricane Heat Potential of the North Atlantic and
North Pacific Oceans
AD-751 590/CP
An Optical Apparatus to Determine the Effect of
Turbulence on the Modulation Transfer Function
of the Atmosphere
AD-757 256/CP
An Experiment to Measure Laser Beam Wander
and Beam Spread in the Marine Boundary Layer
Near Shore
AD-775 027/6CP
Examination of Shipboard Measurements of the
Vertical Profiles of Mean Temperature, Humidity
and Wind Speed
AD-776 306/3CP
Initialization of a 5-Level Global Atmospheric
General Circulation Model Using a Staggered,
Spherical, Sigma Coordinate System
AD-776 321 /2CP
An Experiment to Measure the Modulation
Transfer Function of the Atmosphere in the
Marine Boundary Layer
AD-783 807/1CP
Numerical Forecasting of Clear Air Turbulence
AD-818 985/CP
NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON D C
EOTPO-41
Comparison of the 3-5 Micrometer and 8-12
Micrometer Regions for Advanced Thermal Imag-
ing Systems: LOWTRAN Revisited
(AD-EOOO-IOO)
AD-A049 448/4CP
NASA-CR-151242
Measurements of Far-Ultraviolet Photographs
from Skylab 4 and APOLLO 6
N77-21516/8CP
NRL-MR-2935
WINDVEL2: A Program for Plotting Wind Velocity
as Determined by OTH Radar
AD-A002 954/6CP
NRL-MR-2965
AURORA: An NRL Auroral Chemistry Code
AD-A0U4 602/9CP
NRL-MR-3397
Computer Codes for Use in Display of Predicted
Scintillation Characteristics and Total Electron
Content
AD-A033 465/6CP
NRL-MR-3488
Post Stabilization Ionization Level Predictions.
Volume III of the Calendar Year 1975 Annual Re-
port to the Defense Nuclear Agency
AD-A043 178/3CP
NRL-8074
SSPARAMA: A Nonlinear, Wave Optics Multipulse
(and CW) Steady-State Propagation Code with
Adaptive Coordinates
AD-A037 395/1 CP
NRL-8172
Comparison of the 3-5 Micrometer and 8-12
Micrometer Regions for Advanced Thermal Imag-
ing Systems: LOWTRAN Revisited
(AD-EOOO-100)
AD-A049 448/4CP
NAVAL SURFACE WEAPONS CENTER DAHLGREN
LAB VA
NSWC/DL-TR-3638
A Gravitational Potential for Atmospheric Earth
Tides Caused by the Moon
AD-A038 155/8CP
NAVY WEATHER RESEARCH FACILITY NORFOLK
VA
A Computer Program to Select Typhoon Analogs
and Print Out Their Descriptions Including Sub-
sequent Changes
AD-A009 530/7CP
NEBRASKA UNIV., LINCOLN. AGRICULTURAL
EXPERIMENT STATION.
MP-23
Computer Program for Plotting Time Dependent
Data with Instruction and Examples.
(OWRR-A-001-NEBR(4))
PB-191 870/CP
NEVADA UNIV RENO LAB OF ATMOSPHERIC
PHYSICS
An Experimental Study of the Freezing of Drops
in Free Fall
(AROD-9095.1-EN)
AD-776 390/7CP
NEW HAMPSHIRE UNIV DURHAM ANTENNA
SYSTEMS LAB
ASL-70-4
Computer Processing of Data from the
UNH/AFCRL Meteor Trails Radar
(AFCRL-70-0717)
AD-718 105/CP
Scientific-4
Computer Processing of Data from the
UNH/AFCRL Meteor Trails Radar
(AFCRL-70-0717)
AD-718 105/CP
NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV LAS CRUCES
Development of a Real-Time Rocketsonde and a
Real-Time Radiosonde Computer Program
(ERADCOM/ASL-CR-78-0115-1)
AD-A053 608/6CP
NEW MEXICO STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK DEPT
OF PHYSICS
NMSU-PHYS-537-75-1
Research in the Area of Atmospheric Modeling:
High Resolution Atmospheric IR Transmittance
Prediction
AD-A017 026/6CP
NEW YORK UNIV N Y COURANT INST OF
MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
IMM-385
Frontal Motion in the Atmosphere
AD-715 068/CP
NORTH AMERICAN WEATHER CONSULTANTS,
GOLETA, CALIF.
77-13
Methods for Estimating Areal Precipitation in
Mountainous Areas
(NOAA-77111506)
PB-276 I40/1CP
NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV RALEIGH DEPT OF
GEOSCIENCES
Detection and Analysis of Synoptic-Scale
Periodicities in Rocketsonde Data
AD-782 358/6CP
NORTH CAROLINA WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
INST., RALEIGH.
UNC-WRRI-73-84
Precipitation Variability Over North Carolina
(O WRR- A-06 1 - NC (3))
PB-225 123/9CP
NORTHEASTERN UNIV BOSTON MASS
Certain Finite Difference Methods for the Solution
of Large Scale Circulation Problem II
(AFCRL-TR-73-0640)
AD-775 076/3CP
NORTHEASTERN UNIV BOSTON MASS DEPT OF
MATHEMATICS
Certain Finite Difference Methods for the Solution
of Large Scale Circulation Problems
(AFCRL-72-0155)
AD-743 934/CP
110
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
RADIATION RESEARCH ASSOCIATES, INC., FORT WORTH,
NORTHROP SERVICES, INC., HUNTSVILLE, ALA.
NASA-CR-61373
Auroral Oval Kinematics Program
N72-18359/CP
TR-241-1028
Auroral Oval Kinematics Program
N72-18359/CP
NORTHWESTERN UNIV., EVANSTON, ILL. DEPT. OF
CIVIL ENGINEERING.
NUCE-ST74-15
A Stochastic Raintall Model and Statistical Analy-
sis ol Hydrologic Factors
PB-238 948/4CP
Stochastic Modelling ot Site Wind Characteristics
(ERDA/NSF-00357/76/1)
PB-261 178/8CP
NOTRE DAME UNIV., INO. OEPT. OF CIVIL
ENGINEERING.
Tornado Photographic Analysis
(NOAA-741231 10)
COM-75-10117/0CP
OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB., TENN.
Monte Carlo Simulation of Turbulent Atmospheric
Transport: Comparison with Experimental Data
CONF-771 109-58
WNDROS A Program for Displaying Wind Rose
Data
ORNL/CSD/TM-40
Comprehensive Atomospheric Transport and Dif-
fusion Model.
ORNL/NSF/EATC-17
SULCAL A Model of Sulfur Chemistry in a Plume
ORNL/NSF/EATC-21
Oak Ridge Fog and Drift Code (ORFAD) User's
Manual
ORNL/TM-5201
OCEAN DATA SYSTEMS INC MONTEREY CALIF
ODSI-674-1
Further Development ol a 3-7 Day Typhoon
Analog Forecast Model for the Western North
Pacific
(ENVPREDRSCHF-TECH-PAPER-12-75)
AD-A012 369/5CP
OCEAN DATA SYSTEMS INC ROCKVILLE MD
Extending the Computerized Typhoon/Tropical
Storm Prediction Program (Tyfoon 72) Toward
Seven Days
(ENVPREDRSCHFAC-Tech-paper-1-73)
AD-770 207/9CP
OFFICE NATIONAL D ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES
AEROSPATIALES, PARIS (FRANCE).
FR-ISSN-0078-379X
Dispersion within the Stratosphere of Minor Con-
stituents
N77-25714/5CP
ONERA-P-1976-7
Dispersion within the Stratosphere of Minor Con-
stituents.
N77-25714/5CP
OFFICE NATIONAL D ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES
AEROSPATIALES, TOULOUSE (FRANCE). DEPT.
D'ETUDES ET DE RECHERCHES EN TECHNOLOGIE
SPATIALE.
ONERA-NT-/02/20/70
Program Eldose for Calculating the Distribution
ot Absorbed Doses in Space Environment and
Charged Particle Acceleration Thin Films (Protons
and Electrons)
N71-25669/CP
OFFICE OF TELECOMMUNICATIONS BOULDER
COLO INST FOR TELECOMMUNICATION SCIENCES
OT/ITS-910
EHF Transfer and Shielding Properties of Air
(Summary of 1974-1977 Activities)
(ARO-12233 8GS)
AD-A048 067/3CP
OT/ITSRR-3
Global Representation of Annual and Solar Cycle
Variation of foF2 Monthly Median 1954-1958
COM-75-11143/5CP
OHIO STATE UNIV., COLUMBUS. DEPT. OF
PHYSICS.
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on High-
Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric Gases
(NOAA-74012807)
COM-74-10525/5CP
OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS ELECTROSCIENCE
LAB
ESL-4232-5
Theoretical Study of the Turbulence Induced
Scintillation of a Dirty Laser Beam
(RADC TR-77-430)
AD-A050 874/7CP
OHIO STATE UNIV RESEARCH FOUNDATION
COLUMBUS
TR-12
A Study of Charged Particle Motion in a Free Vor-
tex Flowlield
(AROD-4942:17-E)
AD-749 285/CP
OHIO STATE UNIV., RESEARCH FOUNDATION,
COLUMBUS, OHIO.
The Effects of Refraction and Dispersion on High-
Altitude Measurements of Atmospheric Gases II.
Calculations with the Voigt Line Shape
(NOAA-75041412)
COM-75-10595/7CP
OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV STILLWATER SCHOOL OF
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
OSU-WP-73-F-14
A Center for the Description of Environmental
Conditions. Weather Phenomena
(ECOM-0083-U)
AD-773 046/8CP
OKLAHOMA UNIV NORMAN
Wind Shear - Thermal Wind Relationships on the
Mesoscale
(ARO-12813 1-R-GS)
AO-A013 508/7CP
OKLAHOMA UNIV NORMAN DEPT OF
ENGINEERING PHYSICS
A Study of the Applicability of Lasers to the Mea-
surement of Tornado Wind Speeds
AD-A052 636/8CP
OLD DOMINION UNIV., NORFOLK, VA.
NASA-CR-146398
Investigation of Aerosol Characteristics and Their
Measurement.
N76-17683/3CP
PGSTR-AP76-23
Investigation of Aerosol Characteristics and Their
Measurement
N76-17683/3CP
OLD DOMINION UNIV., NORFOLK, VA. DEPT. OF
PHYSICS AND GEOPHYSICAL SCIENCES.
NASA-CR-148137
Use of Lars System for the Quantitative Deter-
mination of Smoke Plume Lateral Diffusion Coet-
licients from ERTS Images of Virginia.
N76-24681/8CP
OLD DOMINION UNIV. RESEARCH FOUNDATION,
NORFOLK, VA.
NASA-CR-147145
Retrieval of Surface Temperature by Remote
Sensing.
N76-22637/2CP
TR-76-1T8
Retrieval of Surface Temperature by Remote
Sensing
N76-22637/2CP
OLD DOMINION UNIV. RESEARCH FOUNDATION,
NORFOLK, VA. SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING.
NASA-CR-145711
Evaluation of Upwelling Infrared Radiance Irom
Earth's Atmosphere.
N76-13663/9CP
TR-75-T14
Evaluation of Upwelling Infrared Radiance from
Earth's Atmosphere
N76-13663/9CP
OPTICAL SCIENCE CONSULTANTS YORBA LINDA
CALIF
DR-059
Predetection Compensated Imaging Theory
(RADC-TR-76-103)
AD-A024 393/1CP
OREGON GRADUATE CENTER BEAVERTON DEPT
OF APPLIED PHYSICS AND ELECTRONIC SCIENCE
Experimental Pulsed Laser, Remote Crosswind
Measurement System -- Feasibility Study and
Design
(ECOM -7 40094-1)
AD-786 647/8CP
PACIFIC MISSILE RANGE, POINT MUGU, CALIF.
PMR-TM-67-3
Some Variable-Parameter, Steady-State Diffusion
Results.
AD-815 625/CP
PACIFIC SOUTHWEST FOREST AND RANGE
EXPERIMENT STATION, BERKELEY, CALIF.
FSRP-PSW-102
Controlling Solar Light and Heat in a Forest by
Managing Shadow Sources
PB-270 534/1CP
Synoptic-Scale Weather Disturbances that In-
tluence the Fire Climate in Southeast Asia During
the Normally Dry Period
AD-721 112/CP
PANAMETRICS INC WALTHAM MASS
Design, Fabrication and Use ol an Instrument for
Real-Time Determination ol Polar Electrojet Posi-
tion and Current Parameters
(AFCRL-TR-73-0166)
AD-760 767/CP
PARKE MATHEMATICAL LABS INC CARLISLE MASS
Analysis and Synthesis ol Model lonograms Using
3D Ray Tracking Techniques
(RADC-TR-77-60)
AD-A038 869/4CP
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV., UNIVERSITY PARK.
IONOSPHERE RESEARCH LAB.
NASA-CR-113799
Tables from the Penn State Mark 1 Ionospheric
Model.
N70-40978/CP
NASA-CR-147153
F sub 2 Peak Electron Densities in the Main
Trough Region of the Ionosphere
N76-24798/0CP
NASA-CR-148200
Ionosphere Research.
N76-25712/0CP
PSU-IRL-IR-55
F sub 2 Peak Electron Densities in the Main
Trough Region ol the Ionosphere.
N76-24798/0CP
PSU-IRL-SAR-76/1
Ionosphere Research
N76-?5712/0CP
SR-362/E/
Tables from the Penn State Mark 1 Ionospheric
Model
N70-40978/CP
Propagation Predictions and Studies Using a Ray
Tracing Program Combined with a Theoretical
Ionospheric Model
AD-A007 495/5CP
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV., UNIVERSITY PARK.
IONOSPHERIC RESEARCH LAB.
NASA-CR-135646
D-Region Blunt Probe Data Analysis Using Hybrid
Computer Techniques
N73-31147/4CP
PSU-IRL-SCI-415
D-Region Blunt Probe Data Analysis Using Hybrid
Computer Techniques
N73-31147/4CP
PHOTOMETRICS INC LEXINGTON MASS
PHM-03-78
Recording and Analysis of Optical Data from
Stratospheric Dynamics Experiments
(AFGL-TR-78-0015)
AD-A054 013/8CP
PHYSICS LAB. RVO-TNO, THE HAGUE
(NETHERLANDS).
PHL-1975-46
Solumat: A Programme tor Measuring the In-
fluence ol the Atmosphere on Contrast Transfer
N76-31809/6CP
PHL-1976-41
Inlrared Sea and Sky Background Radiation.
N77-24935/7CP
TDCK-67163
Solumat: A Programme lor Measuring the In-
fluence of the Atmosphere on Contrast Transter.
N76-31809/6CP
TDCK-68562
Inlrared Sea and Sky Background Radiation.
N77-24935/7CP
RADIATION RESEARCH ASSOCIATES, INC., FORT
WORTH.TEX.
NASA-CR-128535
Analysis of Radiation and Meteoroid Satellite Data
N72-32833/CP
RRA-M7701
Solar Inlrared Reflection and Infrared Emission
from a Dust Loaded Cloud
(AFTAC-TR-77-14)
AD-A039 535/OCP
RRA-T7012
Monte Carlo Codes to Study the Transport of X-
Rays and Fluorescent Light in the Atmosphere
AD-729 909/CP
111
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
RRA-T7016
Computer Procedure for Calculating Time Depen-
dent Light Scattering in Plane Parallel At-
mospheres
(DASA-2641)
AD-722 714/CP
RRA-T7017
Computer Procedure for Calculating Time Depen-
dent Light Scattering in Spherical-Shell At-
mospheres
(DASA-2640)
AD-722 713/CP
RRA-T7108
Monte Carlo Calculations of the Scattering of 450,
550. and 650 NM Wavelength Light in Model At-
mospheres for Point Isotropic Sources
AD-731 723/CP
RRA-T7206
Analysis of Radiation and Meteoroid Satellite Data
N72-32833/CP
RRA-T7311
Monte Carlo Studies of Sky Radiation
(AFCRL-TR-73-0613)
AD-772 640/9CP
RRA-T7501
Sky Radiance Calculations in the 0 5 micrometer -
5 0 micrometer Wavelength Range
(AFCRL-TR-75-0317)
AD-A015 812/1CP
RRA-T7608-Vol-2
Monte Carlo Studies on the Time-Dependent
Transport of Optical and Infrared Radiation in the
Atmosphere. Volume II Thermal Radiation Trans-
port
(AFTAC-TR-77-6-Vol-2)
AD-A042 769/0CP
RAND COMPUTATION CENTER SANTA MONICA
CALIF
R-1550/8
A RAND Computation Center Reference: Standard
Atmosphere Calculations with JOSS
AD-A011 029/6CP
RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CALIF
P-5269
Programming and the Climate Dynamics Project
AD-A019 344/1CP
P-5473
Computations with the Rand Cloud Model for the
HIPLEX Workshop. June 1975
AD-A022 268/7CP
R-877-ARPA
A Documentation of the Mintz-Arakawa Two-Level
Atmospheric General Circulation Model
AD-740 093/CP
RANGE COMMANDERS COUNCIL WHITE SANDS
MISSILE RANGE N MEX
RCC-1 13-70
Comparisons of Radar Refraction Correction
Computer Programs at Selected Test Ranges
AD-762 383/CP
RANGE COMMANDERS COUNCIL WHITE SANDS
MISSILE RANGE N MEX METEOROLOGICAL GROUP
MG 108-72-PM
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological Data
Reduction Part I Rawinsonde
AD-782 685/2CP
MG-108-72-PI-2
IRIG Standards for Range Meteorological Data
Reduction Part II Rocketsonde
AD-782 686/OCP
RAYTHEON CO BEDFORD MASS MISSILE SYSTEMS
DIV
BR 2069
Curve Fitting General Least Sguares Program
with Side Conditions
AD-722 103/CP
RAYTHEON CO SUDBURY MASS EQUIPMENT DIV
ER75-4084-1
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter Volume I
AD-A041 195/9CP
ER75-4084-2
Weather Radar Processor and Display Radar In-
terface Adapter Volume II
AD A041 196/7CP
RAYTHEON CO WAYLAND MASS
ER75-4389
I iquid Water Content Analyzer Instruction
Manual
(ONA-4 129F)
AD A043 322/7CP
RAYTHEON CO WAYLAND MASS EQUIPMENT
DEVELOPMENT LABS
Pulse Pair Estimation of Doppler Spectrum
Parameters
(AFCRL-72-0222)
AD-744 094/CP
REGIS COLL WESTON MASS
SCIENTIFIC-1
A Generalized Computer Program for Primitive-
Equation Models
(AFGL-TR-77-0)83)
AD-A048 481 /6CP
Rocket and Satellite Experiments for the Mea-
surement of the Properties of Thermal and High
Energy Plasma
(AFCRL-72-0662;
AD-755 390/CP
RESEARCH CORP. OF NEW ENGLAND, HARTFORD,
CONN.
A Regional Air Quality Simulation Model (A
Description of the Connecticut Air Pollution
Model as Developed by the Travelers Research
Center)
(APTD-0930)
PB-206 938/CP
RESEARCH INST. OF NATIONAL DEFENCE,
STOCKHOLM (SWEDEN).
FOA-2-C-2662-E1-E3
Computed Mie Scattering Properties for Laser
Wavelengths in Various Atmospheric Media.
N76-14336/1CP
FOA-4-C-4469-A1
Computer Program for Calculation of Geostrophic
Trajectories . Datorprogram Foer Beraekning AV
Geostrofiska Trajektorier
N73-11656/CP
RIVERSIDE RESEARCH INST NEW YORK
RRI-F-1/306-3-14
A Study of Millimeter and Submillimeter Wave At-
tenuation and Dispersion in the Earth's At-
mosphere
AD-A015 544/OCP
RRI-T-1/306-3-14
The Calculation of Millimeter and Submillimeter
Wave Absorption Line Parameters for the Molecu-
lar Oxygen Isotopes: (16)02. (16)0(18)0. and
(18)02
AD-A017 397/1CP
ROCKY MOUNTAIN FOREST AND RANGE
EXPERIMENT STATION, FORT COLLINS, COLO.
FSRP-RM-174
Computer Simulation of Snowmelt
(OWRT-A-042-ARIZ(13))
PB-265 109/9CP
ROYAL AIRCRAFT ESTABLISHMENT
FARNBOROUGH (ENGLAND)
RAE-TR-70151
Theoretical Aspects of the Determination of Parti-
cle-Size Distributions from Measurements of
Scattered Light Intensity
(TRC-BR-21859)
AD-721 089/CP
ROYAL NETHERLANDS METEOROLOGICAL INST.,
DE BILT.
KNMI-V-292
Description of Automatic Plotting Computer Pro-
grams Beschri|ving van Het Programmapakket
T.B.V Het Automatisch Plotten.
N78-23788/0CP
KNMI-V-294
Computer Program for Calculation of the Incident
Radiation Per Day on a Horizontal Surface at the
Edge of the Atmosphere een Computerprogram-
ma voor Het Berekenen van de Inkomende Stral-
ing Aan de Rand van de Atmosfeer Per DAG Door
een Horizontaal Oppervlak.
N78-23668/4CP
KNMI-WR-75-7
Manual for the Computer Program of the Gaus-
sian Plume Model Handleiding voor Het Compu-
terprogramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel.
N76-19598/1CP
KNMI-WR-76-16
Manual for the Gaussian Plume Model Computer
Program Handleiding voor Het Computerpro-
gramma van Het Gaussische Pluimmodel
N77-20629/0CP
SACLANT ASW RESEARCH CENTRE LA SPEZIA
(ITALY)
SACLANTCEN-TM-166
Numerical Filtering Techniques for the Time-Se-
ries Analysis of Oceanographic and Meteorologi-
cal Data
AD-723 864/CP
SAINT LOUIS UNIV MO DEPT OF EARTH AND
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
Research to Develop Improved Models of Cli-
matology That Will Assist The Meteorologist in
the Timely Operation of the Air Force Weather
Detachments
(AFGL-TR-76-0248)
AD-A032 317/0CP
SANDIA LABS., ALBUQUERQUE, N.MEX.
Automatic Digital Acquisition System for
Meteorological Data
SAND-75-0321
SANDIA LABS., LIVERMORE, CALIF.
Recursive Relationships for the Thermodynamic
Properties of the Earths Atmosphere at a Set of
Geopotential Altitudes
SCL-DR-720097
SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INC ARLINGTON VA
SAI-74-629-WA
Propagation Modeling and Analysis for High
Energy Lasers
AD-A023 537/4CP
SCIENCE APPLICATIONS, INC., HUNTSVILLE, ALA.
M-208
Determination of Constant-Volume Balloon Capa-
bilities for Aeronautical Research.
N77-19715/0CP
NASA-CR-2805
Determination of Constant-Volume Balloon Capa-
bilities for Aeronautical Research
N77-19715/0CP
SCIENCE APPLICATIONS, INC., LA JOLLA, CALIF.
SAI-76-614-LJ
A New Wind Energy Site Selection Methodology
(NSF/RA-761229)
PB-282 834/1CP
SCIENTIFIC TRANSLATION SERVICE, SANTA
BARBARA, CALIF.
NASA-TT-F-13369
Machine Analysis of Infrared Cloud Images Ob-
tained by the Cosmos-122 Satellite
N71-10986/CP
SMITHSONIAN ASTROPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY
CAMBRIDGE MASS
002-106
Study of Meteor Wind Measurement Techniques.
Volume II.
(AFCRL-70-0168-Vol-2)
AD-709 233/CP
SOUTH DAKOTA SCHOOL OF MINES AND
TECHNOLOGY, RAPID CITY. INST. OF
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES.
71-7
Computer Modeling of Cumulus Clouds During
Project Cloud Catcher
PB-281 028/1CP
SPERRY RESEARCH CENTER SUDBURY MASS
SCRC-CR-75-17
Development of Cloud/Fog Analysis and Applica-
tion Subroutines for Experimental Prototype Au-
tomatic Meteorological System (EPAMS)
AD-A048 564/9CP
SPERRY SUPPORT SERVICES, HUNTSVILLE, ALA.
ENGINEERING OPERATIONS.
NASA-CR-150312
Atmospheric Cloud Physics Thermal Systems
Analysis.
N77-26753/2CP
SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
SRI-TR-77-08
Evaluation of the FIB Methodology for Application
to Cloud Motion Wind Data
AD-A053 620/1 CP
Chatanika Model of the High-Latitude Ionosphere
for Application to HF Propagation Prediction
IRADC-TR-78-7)
AD-A053 154/1 CP
SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CALIF
Modeling for Multispectral Infrared and
Microwave Remote Sensing of the Troposphere
(AFGL-TR-77-0201)
AD-A050 170/0CP
The Relation ot Oxidant Levels to Presursor Emis-
sions and Meteorological Features. Volume III
Appendices (Analytical Methods and Supplemen-
tary Data)
(EPA/450/3-77 7 022c)
PB-275 327/5CP
STANFORD RESEARCH INST., MENLO PARK, CALIF.
SRI1336-FR
Computer Model for Investigating the Strategy of
Automatically Estimating Prevailing Visibility
(NOAA-7210061 1)
112
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
UNITED AIRCRAFT CORP., EAST HARTFORD, CONN.
COM-72-11491/CP
Implementation ol the SRI Objective Cloud
Tracking System at NEPRF
(EPRF-TR-9-75-SRI)
AD-A021 772/9CP
ICECAP ,74--Chatanika Radar Results
(DNA-3871T)
AD-A026 703/9CP
Modeling ot Transionospheric Radio Propagation
AD-A038 132/7CP
Two Fortran Programs for Calculating Global
Ionospheric Amplitude and Phase Scintillation
iRADC-TR-78-87)
AD-A055 273/7CP
Atmospheric Transmittance Models tor Infrared
Radiometric Measurements
(NOAA-74060302)
COM-74-11295/4CP
Users Manual for the APRAC-1A Urban Diffusion
Model Computer Program
(CRC-CAPA-3-4)
PB-213 091/2CP
Users' Manual for the APRAC-2 Emissions and
Diffusion Model
PB-275 459/6CP
STANFORD UNIV CALIF DEPT OF GEOPHYSICS
Microbarograph Studies.
(AFORS-70-1689-TR)
AD-707 875/CP
STANFORD UNIV CALIF STANFORD ELECTRONICS
LABS
SU-SEL-70-021
The Stanford Meteor-Trails Radar Mark II
(AFCRL-70-0365)
AD-709 673/CP
SU-SEL-72-0f3
Direction Finding on Whistlers and Related VLF
Signals
AD-742 776/CP
TR-3432-2
Direction Finding on Whistlers and Related VLF
Signals
AD-742 776/CP
STATE UNIV. OF NEW YORK. ALBANY.
ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES RESEARCH CENTER.
Great Lakes Snowstorms. Part 1. Cloud Physics
Aspects.
(NOAA-E22-49-70(G)-1)
COM-7f-000f2/CP
STEVENS INST OF TECH HOBOKEN N J
Analytic Solution of Coupled Mode Equations by
Computer
AD-772 828/OCP
STEVENS INST OF TECH HOBOKEN N J DEPT OF
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
ME-RT-72001
A Compendium of the Mechanical Properties of
Polyethylene Balloon Films
(AFCRL-72-0068)
AD 746 678/CP
Scientific-2
A Compendium ot the Mechanical Properties of
Polyethylene Balloon Films
(AFCRL-72-0068)
AD 746 678/CP
SYSTEMS AND APPLIED SCIENCES CORP.,
RIVEROALE, MD.
NASA-CR-156722
Software Development Stratosphere Modeling
N78-21692/6CP
R SAD-12/77 34
Software Development Stratosphere Modeling
N78 21692/6CP
SYSTEMS APPLICATIONS, INC., SAN RAFAEL,
CALIF.
SAI/EF75-25
Continued Research in Mesoscala Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling: Volume III Modeling of
Micsoscale Pheonoena
(FPA/600/4-76/016C)
PB-257 528/OCP
SAI/EF75-69
Continued Research in Mesoscale Air Pollution
Simulation Modeling Volume II Refinements in
the Treatment of Chemistry, Meteorology, and
Numerical Integration Procedures
(FPA/600/4-76/016b)
PB-257 527/2CP
SYSTEMS SCIENCE AND SOFTWARE LA JOLLA
CALIF
3SCR-72-1255
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
(AROD-99514-A)
AD-750 727/CP
3SR-795
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-730 748/CP
3SR-844-Vol-1
A Particle-in-Cell Method for Numerical Solution
of the Atmospheric Diffusion Equation, and Appli-
cations to Air Pollution Problems Volume I
(APTD-0952)
PB-209 290/CP
3SR-1034
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
(AROD-9951.1)
AD-739 541/CP
SSS-R-73-1727
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
(AROD-99515-A)
AD-762 584/CP
SSS-R-74-2023
The Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale In-
teractions on Global Climate
AD-772 490/9CP
SSS-R-75-2556-Vol-1
Effects of Meso-Scale and Small-Scale Interac-
tions on Global Climate Volume I. Orographic Ef-
fects on Global Climate
(AFOSR-TR-75-0397)
AD-A007 034/2CP
SSS-R-75-2556-Vol-2
Meso-Scale and Small-Scale Interactions on
Global Climate Volume II. Radiation Transport Ef-
fects on Global Climate
(AFOSR-TR-75-0398)
AD-A007 035/9CP
TECHNO-SCIENCES, INC., ANNAPOLIS, MD.
NASA-CR-f52455
Reduction and Analysis ot Data Collected During
the Electromagnetic Tornado Experiment.
N77-197I0/1CP
TSI-76112
Reduction and Analysis of Data Collected During
the Electromagnetic Tornado Experiment.
N77-19710/1CP
TETRA TECH, INC., ARLINGTON, VA.
Computer Simulation of Severe Storm Observa-
tions with Doppler Radars
(ESSA-E22-77-70(N)-1)
COM-71-00020/CP
TEXAS A AND M RESEARCH FOUNDATION
COLLEGE STATION
Storm Surge Simulation in Transformed Coor-
dinates Volume II. Program Documentation
(CERC-TR-76-3-Vol-2)
AD-A034 651/OCP
Storm Surge Simulation in Transformed Coor-
dinates. Volume I Theory and Application
(CERC-TR-76-3-Vol-1)
AD-A034 763/3CP
TEXAS A AND M UNIV., COLLEGE STATION. DEPT.
OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING.
TAMRF-92f-750t
Load Introduction into Pressurized Films
PB-252 385/OCP
TEXAS A AND M UNIV., COLLEGE STATION. DEPT.
OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND METEOROLOGY.
A/M-Ref-69-13-T
Simulation Research to Develop Objective
Meteorological Prediction Capability
(ECOM-0280-3)
AD 864 887/CP
TEXAS A&M UNIV., COLLEGE STATION. CENTER
FOR APPLIED GEOSCIENCES.
NASA-CR-t20496
Reduction and Error Analysis of the AVE 2 Pilot
Experiment Data
N75 t2531/0CP
TEXAS UNIV AT EL PASO DEPT OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
The Atmospheric Sciences Laboratory Photodts-
sociation-Radiation Model of the Middle At-
mosphere - A Users Manual
(ECOM-77-4)
AD-A043 786/3CP
A Computational Method for Spectral Molecular
Absorption Using an Improved Voigt Algorithm
AD-A052 685/5CP
An Efficient Computational Approximation to the
Lorentz Line Molecular Absorption Coefficient
AD-A052 686/3CP
TEXAS UNIV AUSTIN ELECTRONICS RESEARCH
CENTER
TR-140
Application of Adaptive Estimation to Tempera-
ture Forecasting
(AFOSR-TR-72-2185)
AD-759 546/CP
TEXAS UNIV., DALLAS.
Analysis of Incoherent Scatter Data Obtained at
the Jicamarca Radar Observatory
(NOAA-72020405)
COM-72-10297/CP
TEXAS UNIV EL PASO DEPT OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
PR2-74-AM-5
Atmospheric Modeling for Molecular Absorption
Research Project
AD-776 97f/4CP
THAYER SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING HANOVER N H
RADIOPHYSICS LAB
Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances
(AFCRL-72-0234)
AD-746 3f 4/CP
TRANSPORT AND ROAD RESEARCH LAB.,
CROWTHORNE (ENGLAND).
TRRL-LR-470
A Program for Calculating Thiessen Average
Rainfall
PB-211 232/CP
TRRL-LR-595
Estimated Rainfall for Drainage Calculations in
the United Kingdom
PB-226 513/OCP
TRW SYSTEMS GROUP, REDONDO BEACH, CALIF.
NASA-CR-150017
Phase B-Final Definition and Preliminary Design
Study for the Initial Atmospheric Cloud Physics
Laboratory (Acpl). A Spacelab Mission Payload
N76-33273/3CP
TRW SYSTEMS GROUP, REDONDO BEACH, CALIF.
SPACE SCIENCES DEPT.
NASA-CR-143995
Amps Data Management Requirements Study
N76-1 1736/5CP
TRW-26487-6008-RU-00
Amps Data Management Requirements Study.
N76-11736/5CP
TRW SYSTEMS, REDONDO BEACH, CALIF.
NASA-CR-1491
Feasibility Study for Remote Sensing of At-
mospheric Turbulence Profiles
N70-22632/CP
TRW-10636-6001 -R0-00
Feasibility Study for Remote Sensing of At-
mospheric Turbulence Profiles.
N70-22632/CP
UKAEA REACTOR GROUP, WINFRITH. ATOMIC
ENERGY ESTABLISHMENT.
Tutank A Two-Dimensional Neutron Kinetics
Code
AEEW-R-1002
UNION CARBIDE CORP.. OAK RIDGE, TENN.
NUCLEAR DIV.
Pathways of Trace Elements in the Environment
CONF-770210-3
UNITED AIRCRAFT CORP., EAST HARTFORD, CONN.
NASA-CR-1985
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N72-20322/CP
UNITED AIRCRAFT CORP., EAST HARTFORD, CONN.
RESEARCH LABS.
K910563-19
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N7t-35701/CP
NASA-CR-122041
Additional Research on Instabilities in Atmospher-
ic Flow Systems Associated with Clear Air Turbu-
lence
N71-35701/CP
113
CORPORATE AUTHOR INDEX
UTAH STATE UNIV LOGAN CENTER FOR
RESEARCH IN AERONOMY
Developmental Studies of the Hydrogen-Nitrogen-
Oxygen Systems
(AFCRL-TR-73-0749)
AD-775 752/9CP
UTAH STATE UNIV LOGAN ELECTRO-DYNAMICS
LAB
Scientitic-4
A Specular Chamber for Off-Axis Response
Evaluations of High-Rejection Optical Baffling
System
(AFGL-TR-76-0144)
AD-A031 212/4CP
Scientific-5
Computer-Aided Estimates of the Rotational Tem-
peratures of 02 in the Mesosphere
(AFGL-TR-76-0212)
AD-A040 915/1CP
UTAH STATE UNIV LOGAN SPACE SCIENCE LAB
HAES-8
Design and Calibration of a Rocket-Borne Elec-
tron Spectrometer
(AFCRL-TR-74-0629)
AD-A011 931/3CP
Scientific-1
Design and Calibration of a Rocket-Borne Elec-
tron Spectrometer
(AFCRL-TR-74-0629)
AD-A011 931 /3CP
Scientific-4
Moment Method Solutions for the Impedance of
Asymmetrically Driven RF Probes in the Colli-
sional Ionospheric Magnetoplasma
(AFCRL-TR-74-0394)
AD-A006 200/OCP
UTAH UNIV SALT LAKE CITY
Negative Molecular Ions
(ARO-12031 10-C)
AD-A045 725/9CP
UTAH UNIV SALT LAKE CITY DEPT OF ELECTRICAL
ENGINEERING
UTEC-MR-69-140
A Data Reduction Computer Program for the
AFCRL Triaxial Accelerometer Inflated Falling
Sphere Atmospheric Density Measuring System.
(AFCRL-69-0446)
AD-705 566/CP
UTAH UNIV SALT LAKE CITY DEPT OF
METEOROLOGY
Scientific-1
Remote Sensing of Cirrus Cloud Compositions
from Satellites
(AFGL-TR-76-0027)
AD-A026 512/4CP
VIRGINIA INST OF MARINE SCIENCE GLOUCESTER
POINT
Contnb-451
Forecasting Storm-Induced Beach Changes along
Virginia's Ocean Coast
AD-752 141/CP
VISIDYNE INC BURLINGTON MASS
Scientific-1
Analysis of High Altitude Effects Simulation
(HAES)
(ONA-HAES-40)
AD-A033 654/5CP
VI-129
Modeling of Optical IR Backgrounds
(AFCRL-72-0730)
AD-774 751/2CP
VI-236
A High Altitude Infrared Radiance Model
(AFCRL-TR-74-0606)
AD-A008 035/8CP
VI-311
Analysis of High Altitude Effects Simulation
(HAES)
(DNA-HAES-40)
AD-A033 654/5CP
VI-381
Comparison ol ICECAP and EXCEDE Rocket
Measurements with Computer Code Predictions
(ONA-HAES-61)
AD-A047 526/9CP
VISIDYNE INC WOBURN MASS
VI 91
A High Altitude Radiance Model
(AFCRL-72-0273)
AD-745 319/CP
WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE
Stimulated Amplification of VLF and ULF Waves
in the Magnetosphere by Localized Injections of
Plasma Clouds and Particle Beams
AD-757 085/CP
WEAPONS RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT,
SALISBURY (AUSTRALIA).
WRE-TN-HSA-152
Extinction of a Tangential Ray. by Ray Tracing
Through the Atmosphere.
N70-36971/CP
WEATHER SQUADRON (12TH) ENT AFB COLO
Technical-Paper-73-6
Map Typing Computer Programs
AD-766 929/4CP
Technical Paper-73-8
Comparing Correlations between Weather Maps
with Similar Isobaric Configurations but Varying
Pressure Intensities
AD-775 361 /9CP
WEATHER WING (4TH) ENT AFB COLO
4WW-Technical Paper-70-5
Predicting Heavy Snowfall for Colorado Springs
Based on Computer Derived Synoptic Map Types
AD-718 422/CP
4WW-Technical Paper-72-1
Applying a Window Pane Technique to the
Colorado Springs Snow Study
AD-743 301 /CP
WEATHER WING (4TH) ENT AFB COLO
DETACHMENT 1
Ionospheric Electron Density Profile Model.
(4WW-TM-70-3)
AD-709 888/CP
WESTERN SCIENTIFIC SERVICES, INC.. FORT
COLLINS, COLO.
FR-807-55
Development of an Experimental
Hydrometeoroiogical Data Collection Network
PB-270 265/2CP
WESTINGHOUSE DEFENSE AND ELECTRONIC
SYSTEMS CENTER BALTIMORE MD
HIDE Revised Wavelength Resolution Emission
and Transmission Model
AD-A042 624/7CP
WIGGINS (J. H.) CO., REDONDO BEACH, CALIF.
TR-73-35773
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume I: Technical Report
(NBS-GCR-75-36)
PB-261 144/OCP
TR-73-35773
Methodology for Hazard Risk Evaluation of
Buildings. Volume II: Computer Program User's
Manual
(NBS-GCR-75-37)
PB-261 145/7CP
WILLIAMS COLL WILLIAMSTOWN MASS
TR-3
Fourier Analysis of Weather and Wave Data from
Holland. Michigan. July 1970
AD-723 602/CP
WC-3
Fourier Analysis of Weather and Wave Data from
Holland, Michigan. July 1970
AD-723 602/CP
WINZEN RESEARCH INC SOUTH ST PAUL MINN
Criteria for Controlling Vertical Motion of Strato-
spheric Balloons
AD-A017 552/1CP
WISCONSIN UNIV., MADISON. SPACE SCIENCE
AND ENGINEERING CENTER.
NASA-CR-121438
Time Domain Data Extraction, Radio Altimetry,
and Application of Ats Data Quarterly Report. 1
Apr. - 30 Jun. 1971
N71-33870/CP
WISCONSIN UNIV. -MILWAUKEE. AIR POLLUTION
ANALYSIS LAB.
Mesoscale Air Pollution Transport in Southeast
Wisconsin
(EPA/600/4-77/010)
PB-265 382/2CP
114
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