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Gc 

977.201 
W36y 
1427979 


GENEALOGY  COLLECTION 


lir'llimilSllllll^lT.^.r.VBLIC  LIBRARY 


3  1833  00828  8224 


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HISTORY 


WAYNE    COUNTY,' 


INDIANA, 


FROM  ITS  FIKST  SETTLEMENT  TO  THE  PRESENT  TIME; 


WITH    NUMEBOtIS 


Biographical  and  Family  Sketches, 


Bt  ANDREW  W.  YOUNG, 

AiTTHOB  OF  "  SCIENCE   OF   GOVERNMENT,"   "AMERICAN   STATESMAN,"   "NATIONAL   ECONOMY,"   Etc. 


Embellished  with  upwabds  of  Fiftt  Portraits  of  Citizens, 
AND  Views  of  Buildings. 


CINCINNATI: 

ROBERT  CLARKE  &  CO.,  Print. 
1872. 


1427979 


INTRODUCTION 


More  than  two  years  ago,  I  engaged  to  revise  the  manu- 
script of  a  history  of  Wayne  county  for  publication.  After 
r-1  several  months'  labor  had  been  bestowed  on  the  revision, 
^"!  the  proprietor  concluded  to  relinquish  the  enterprise.  At 
£|  the  solicitation  of  a  number  of  honorable  gentlemen,  who 
^  were  desirous  that  a  history  of  the  county  should  be  writ- 
§  ten,  and  who  expressed  the  belief  that  this  desire  was  gen- 
^^  eral,  I  consented  to  undertake  the  publication  on  my  own 
gg    responsibility. 

**        But  of  the  material  in  my  hands,  little  related  to  any  part 
^^    of  the  county  beyond  the  limits  of  Wayne  township.     Be- 
^    lieving  that  nothing  short  of  a  regular  and  well-arranged  hia- 
"^     tory  of  every  township  would  meet  the  general  expectation, 
it  was  deemed  necessary  to  alter  the  plan  of  the  work,  and  to 
commence  anew  the  collection  of  material.     For  this  pur- 
pose, every  township  was  visited  in  person,  in  order  to  avail 
myself  of  the  most  reliable  sources  of  information.     But  in 
this  work  a  serious  difficulty  was  soon  met.     The  statements 
-,  of   different   persons  were    widely   at  variance.      The    con- 
fident assertions  of  some   were  contradicted  by  others;  and 
important  events  were  left  in  uncertainty.     Hence  it  became 
necessary  to  visit  many  persons  in  ditFerent,  and  often  distant 
parts  of  the  township,  to  determine  doubtful  points. 

Nor   was   a  single  journey  to   every  township   sufficient. 

"With  a  view  to  the  nearest  approach  to  accuracy,  the  county 

'<!    was    traversed    a   number  of    times.      And   to   remove    all 


IV  INTRODUCTION. 

remaining  doubts,  these  numerous  visits  to  the  townships 
were  supplemented  by  a  large  amount  of  correspondence 
with  their  most  reliable  citizens.  Yet,  necessarily  depending 
upon  hundreds  of  fallible  memories,  it  would  be  no  marvel 
if  some  inaccuracies  were  discovered.  In  several  instances 
informants  have  corrected  their  own  statements  made  with 
great  assurance.  Hence,  it  need  not  be  thought  strange  if 
some  of  the  best  authenticated  facts  shall  be  disputed.  On 
this  subject,  I  only  add,  that  if,  with  all  the  pains  taken  to 
insure  a  correct  history,  the  object  has  not  been  attained,  it 
may  confidently  be  pronounced  unattainable.  Every  reason- 
able effort  has  been  made  to  carry  out  the  original  purpose 
of  producing  a  history  that  should  "  fulfill  the  public  expecta- 
tion, and  reflect  credit  upon  the  county." 

The  foregoing  observations  will  account,  in  great  part,  for 
the  unexpected  delay  in  the  issue  of  the  work.  For  this  de- 
lay, the  public  will  find  ample  satisfaction  in  the  extra  matter 
which  it  contains.  By  an  economical  use  of  space,  and  the 
addition  of  about  sixty  extra  pages,  subscribers  will  receive 
twenty  per  cent,  more  matter  than  was  promised.  A  history 
of  the  county  might  have  been  issued  earlier ;  but  I  could  not 
conscientiously  ofifer  the  public  a  work  that  was  not  satisfac- 
tory to  myself,  and  presumed  its  patrons  would  rather  be 
served  a  few  months  later  with  a  good  book,  than  earlier  with 
an  indifierent  one. 

In  another  particular  they  will  be  more  than  satisfied. 
Although  no  definite  number  of  embellishments  was  prom- 
ised, the  highest  expectations  have  been  far  exceeded. 
Instead  of  twenty,  the  number  which,  it  was  hoped,  might  be 
obtained,  the  patrons  of  the  work  are  presented  with  Jifty 
-portraits  of  present  and  former  citizens  of  this  county.  Of 
these,  ten  were  engraved  on  steel,  and  forty  are  lithographs, 
of  which  four  represent  the  worthy  wives  of  pioneers ;  two 
of  whom — one  in  her  84th  year,  the  other  nearly  her  equal  in 


INTRODUCTION.  V 

years — are  yet  living.  These  portraits,  with  the  views  of 
several  buildings,  have  cost  upwards  of  twenty-jive  hundred 
dollars. 

That  the  work  will  escape  a  rigid  criticism,  is  hardly  to  be 
expected.  Matter  which  some  may  appreciate,  others  will 
consider  of  minor  importance.  Some  will  read  with  little 
interest  the  adventures  and  experience  of  the  early  settlers, 
with  which  they  are  already  familiar.  They  should  bear  in 
mind,  that  portions  of  the  work  are  written  not  so  much  for 
the  present  generation,  as  for  the  generations  which  are  to 
follow.  Many  remember  with  what  eagerness  they  listened 
to  the  tales  of  pioneer  life  from  the  lips  of  their  ancestors. 
Before  the  present  generation  shall  have  passed  away,  not  an 
individual  will  remain  to  relate  the  experiences  of  the  first 
settlers,  which  have  so  deeply  interested  us.  This  interest 
will  not  abate  with  the  lapse  of  time.  The  written  narrative 
of  incidents  of  "  life  in  the  woods,"  will  be  no  less  acceptable 
to  those  who  come  after  us,  than  was  the  oral  relation  to 
ourselves. 

Hence,  to  commemorate  the  events  and  occurrences  of  the 
past — to  transmit  to  our  descendants  a  faithful  history  of  our 
own  time — is  a  duty.  Many  to  whom  such  a  history  shall  be 
transmitted,  will  estimate  its  value  at  many  times  its  original 
price.  Without  it,  little  will  be  known  of  early  times,  ex- 
cept what  shall  have  come  down  to  them  by  tradition,  always 
imperfect  and  unreliable. 

Pioneer  history,  however,  constitutes  but  the  smaller  por- 
tion of  the  work.  The  reader  will  find  a  great  variety  of 
other  matter,  civil,  ecclesiastical,  educational,  commercial, 
agricultural,  statistical,  and  biographical,  which  will  render 
it  convenient  and  useful  as  a  book  of  reference,  now  and  here- 
after. And  the  consideration  should  not  be  overlooked,  that 
works  of  this  kind  will  prove  a  source  of  valuable  informa- 
tion to  future  historians. 


VI  INTRODUCTION. 

Some  of  the  events  recorded  may  be  considered  unim- 
portant. As  isolated  facts,  they  may  possess  no  great  im- 
portance. A  man's  character  is  formed,  in  great  part,  by  a 
combination  of  traits  scarcely  noticeable  separate  and  alone. 
So  the  aggregate  of  many  minor  incidents  constitutes  a  ma- 
terial part  of  the  most  valuable  histories.  Yet  nothing  has 
been  admitted  in  this  work,  that  was  not  designed  to  con- 
tribute to  its  interest  or  value. 

A  general  desire  was  early  manifested  by  present  settlers, 
to  see  the  names  of  themselves  or  their  ancestors  associated 
with  the  history  of  the  county.  To  gratify  this  desire — both 
natural  and  proper — the  names  of  a  large  portion  of  the  early 
and  present  settlers  in  every  township  have  been  given;  and 
others  would  have  been  added  to  the  number,  if  the  necessary 
facts  had  been  more  easily  accessible.  The  omission  is  not 
justly  attributable  to  a  discriminating  partiality. 

The  attention  of  the  reader  is  invited  to  the  plan  and 
arrangement  of  the  work.  Matter  of  general  interest  and 
application,  embracing  the  early  history  of  the  state  and  of 
the  county,  has  been  first  introduced,  and  is  carefully  ar- 
ranged under  appropriate  heads  or  titles.  This  greatly  facil- 
itates the  finding  of  historical  facts.  The  general  history  of 
the  county  is  followed  by  a  particular  history  of  each  of  the 
several  townships  in  alphabetical  order.  The  sketch  of  each 
township  embraces  the  names  of  early  and  present  farmers, 
mechanics,  business  and  professional  men;  notices  of  its 
mills,  manufactures,  schools,  and  religious  societies.  This 
will  aid  in  the  search  for  matter  relating  to  any  of  the  town- 


Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches  form  a  distinguish- 
ing feature  of  the  work,  and  are  annexed  to  the  history  of 
each  township.  Probably  no  part  of  the  work  will  be  more 
frequently  referred  to.     Aware  of  the  various  estimates  of 


INTKODUCTION.  Vll 

human  character^  it  was  deemed  prudent  to  avoid  all  eulogy 
of  the  living.  I  have  not  ventured  beyond  a  simple  state- 
ment of  the  more  noticeable  incidents  and  events  of  the  life 
of  any  living  subject.  It  should  be  here  observed,  that 
sketches  of  persons  are  not  in  all  cases  inserted  in  the  his- 
tories of  the  townships  in  which  they  now  reside ;  several  will 
be  found  in  the  histories  of  townships  in  which  they  passed 
an  earlier  and  perhaps  a  more  eventful  period  of  their  lives. 
To  aid  the  reader  in  finding  any  sketch,  an  index  of  the 
names  of  persons  thus  noticed — about  two  hundred  in  num- 
ber— is  inserted  at  the  end  of  the  work,  with  references  to 
the  pages  on  which  they  are  to  be  found. 

Tomy  numerous  friends  who  have  given  me  assurances  of 
their  interest  in  this  history,  I  tender  my  grateful  acknowl- 
edgments. All  who  have  been  applied  to  for  information 
have  cheerfully  rendered  the  desired  service.  Those  who 
have  been  chiefly  consulted  in  the  several  townships,  are  the 
following :  Abington — James  Endsley,  Joshua  Dye,  Nicholas 
Smith,    George   H.    Smith,    Andrew   Hunt.      Boston — "Wm. 

Bulla,  Joseph  M.  Bulla,  Dennis  Druley, Davenport,  John 

J.  Couley,  Jacob  Rinehart,  James  P.  Burgess.  Center — 
Oliver  T.  Jones,  David  Commons,  Lewis  Jones,  Joseph  C. 
Ratliflf,  Jacob  B.  Julian,  Joseph  Holman.  Clay — Daniel  and 
John  Bradbury,  i^athan  and  "Wm.  C.  Bond,  Jonathan  Bald- 
win, Wm.  H.  Bunnell,  Lorenzo  D.  Personett,  Thomas  M. 
Kerr.  Dalton — Charles  Burroughs,  Joseph  Davis,  John 
Davis,  John  Aaron  Locke.  Franklin — Wm.  Addleman,  Ed- 
ward Fisher,  James  White,  Hosea  C.  Tillson.  From  a  series 
of  published  letters  of  Mr.  Tillson,  on  the  early  settlement 
of  the  Whitewater  country,  kindly  loaned  to  me,  several 
interesting  reminiscences  of  pioneer  life  have  been  appro- 
priated. Green — Joseph  and  Allen  Lewis,  Charles  B.  Ballin- 
ger,  Jesse   Gates,   Ezekiel   Johnson;    also,  John   Green,   of 


VIU  INTRODUCTION. 

Wayue,  and  Samuel  K.  Boyd,  of  Centerville,  both  early  set- 
tlers of  Green.  Harrison — Isaac  N.  Beard ;  also,  S.  K.  Boyd 
and  A.  M.  Bradbury,  early,  though  not  present  residents  of  the 
township.  Jackson — Benj.  Conklin,  Gen.  S.  Meredith,  Sam- 
uel Morris,  Dr.  Samuel  S.  Boyd,  Jacob  Custer,  Axum  S. 
Elliott,  Jacob  Vore,  l!^athan  S.  Hawkins,  Dr.  Lemuel  R. 
Johnson,  David  IST.  Berg,  John  I.  Underwood,  Henry  H. 
Bruce.  Jefferson — Nehemiah  Cheeseman,  Wm.  C.  Bowen, 
Wm.  Stonebraker,  David  Bowman,  Samuel  Eiler,  Andress  S, 
"Wiggins,  Isaac  A.  Pierce.  New  Garden — "William  and  Hiram 
Hough,  George  Shugart,  Luke  Thomas,  Harvey  Davis,  Dr. 
Timothy  W.  Taylor.  Perry — John  Osborn,  John  M.  Will- 
iams, Thomas  Marshall,  Henry  Hollingsworth,  Ira  H.  Hjitch- 
ins.  Washington — Othniel  Beeson,  Charles  H.  Moore,  Charles 
N".  McGrew,  James  Callaway,  Dr.  Joel  Pennington,  John 
Zell,  Isaac  Doddridge.  Wayne — Hugh  Mofiitt,  Nathan  Haw- 
kins, Jeremiah  Cox,  Enoch  Railsback,  Benj.  Hill,  Daniel  P. 
Wiggins,  Achilles  Williams,  Jeremiah  Hadley,  Cornelius 
Ratliff",  Miles  J.  Shinn,  Lewis  Burk,  James  M.  Starr.  Im- 
portant matter,  also,  has  been  obtained  from  the  Memoir  of 
Judge  Hoover,  Dr.  Plummer's  Historical  Sketch,  and  the 
manuscripts  of  J.  M.  Wasson,  before  referred  to  as  the  orig- 
inator of  the  history.  Special  acknowledgments  are  also 
due  to  Mr.  John  C.  Macpherson  for  his  valued  contribution 
of  the  "War  History,"  which  will  stand  as  an  enduring 
tribute  to  the  patriotism  of  the  citizens  of  Wayne  county. 
The  editors  of  the  newspapers  of  Richmond  are  also  entitled 
to  a  grateful  recognition  for  ready  and  frequent  access  to  the 
files  of  their  journals. 

Lastly,  I  congratulate  myself  on  the  termination  of  my 
arduous  and  protracted  labors.  Of  the  difficulties  and  per- 
plexities which  have  attended  them,  no  one  else  can  form 
even  an  approximate  estimate.  More  "midnight  oil"  was 
probably   never    consumed    on    any    publication    within    a 


INTRODUCTION.  IX 

similar  period.  If  those  for  whom  the  labor  has  been  per- 
formed shall  be  satisfied,  my  highest  object  shall  have  been 
attained. 

A.  W.  Y. 
Richmond,  January,  1872. 


NOTE. 

A  few  errors,  not  discovered  in  season  to  admit  of  correc- 
tion where  they  occur,  are  duly  corrected  on  page  454. 


CONTENTS. 


Preliminary  History. 
Discovery  and  settlement  of  America,  17.  Indian  border  warfare,  18. 
"Western  lands  ceded  to  the  general  government;  North-western 
Territory  formed,  19.  Gen.  St.  Clair  appointed  governor;  his  acts, 
20.  Treaties  of  peace  with  the  Indians.;  acquisition  of  territory; 
Wayne  appointed  governor,  21,  22.  Division  of  the  North-western 
Tei'ritory ;  Gen.  Harrison  appointed  governor,  and  negotiates  treaties; 
slavery  in  the  territory,  23,  24.  Division  of  Louisiana;  first  genei*al 
assembly,  24,  25.  Division  of  Indiana;  its  government,  admission 
as  a  state,  and  its  boundaries,  25,  26. 

Settlement  of  Wayne  County. 

Territory  of  the  county,  26.  Rue  and  Holman  settlement;  the  Hoover 
and  Richmond  settlements,  28,  .29.  Increase  of  immigration,  29-32. 
Log  cabins,  description  of,  and  their  furniture,  35,  36. 

Early  Labors,  Condition,  and  Customs  of  the  Settlers. 

Manner  of  clearing  land,  37-9.  Fare  of  the  early  settlers ;  difficulty  of 
getting  bread;  corn  graters,  39-42.  Various  kinds  of  bread,  and 
other  food,  42,  43.  Injury  to  corn  fields,  44.  Native  pastures;  wood 
ranges;  hog  and  deer  hunting,  44-6.  Wild  animals;  wolf  trapping 
and  wolf  bounties;  sheep-killing  dogs;  porcupines,  46-9.  Early 
cooking,  49,  50.  Early  tillage ;  the  pioneer  plow  and  harrow ;  seed- 
ing, harvesting,  threshing,  and  cleaning  wheat,  51-3.  Corn  harvests 
ing  and  corn  huskings,  54,  55.  Household  manufactures;  flax 
culture;  manufacture  of  linen  cloth,  55,  56.  Manufactures  of  wool ; 
itinerant  spinsters,  56,  57.  Family  dyeing  and  tailoring,  58.  Early 
tanning  and  shoe  making;  anecdotes  of  ministers  wearing  boots,  59, 
60.  Sugar,  its  manufacture  and  price,  61,  62.  Early  stores,  and 
prices  of  goods  and  produce,  62-4.  Reflections  on  pioneer  life ;  Mrs. 
Julian's  letter,  66,  67.  Education:  early  school-houses  and  schools, 
68-70.  Religious  societies  and  early  meeting-houses,  71.  Indian 
troubles;  supposed  causes  of  Indian  hostility;  cases  of  savage  atroc- 
ity ;  battle  of  Tippecanoe,  72-74.  Forts  and  block-houses ;  flight 
of  settlers,  75,  76.  Treaty  of  Greenville ;  imprisonment  of  Quakers, 
76.  Condition  of  settlers  after  the  war,  77.  Prices  of  goods,  pro- 
duce, and  labor;  old  coins,  and  manner  of  reckoning,  78.  Difficul- 
ties in  paying  for  lands,  79. 


xii  CONTENTS. 

CIYIL  HISTOEY. 

Formation  and  organization  of  Wayne  county;  county  and  township 
officers;  first  courts  and  jurors,  80.  County  seat;  public  buildings; 
removal  of  the  county  seat,  and  early  taxation,  81-3.  Acts  of  county 
commissioners :  organization  of  townships ;  regulating  innkeepers' 
charges,  83,  84.     Removal  of  county  business  to  Centerville,  85. 

"Wayne  County  Official  Eegister. 

Names  and  classification  of  county  commissioners;  board  of  justices,  86, 
87.  List  of  judges,  clerks,  sheriflfe,  auditors,  recorders,  treasurers, 
and  justices,  87-9. 

Newspapers. 

Newspapers  at  Richmond,  90-2;  at  Centerville,  92-4;  at  Cambridge  City, 

257-9. 

Antislavery  History. 

Log  convention,  and  its  results,  94-6.  Abolition  movement :  Lundy  and 
Gari'ison;  views  of  abolitionists;  antislavery  parties,  96-8.  Rich- 
mond antislavery  society,  98-100.     Rescue  of  fugitives,  100-2. 

Temperance  History. 

Drinking  customs,  103.  Temperance  associations ;  attempts  at  prohibi- 
tion, 104-6., 

Internal  Improvements. 

Roads:  National  road;  turnpikes,  107,  108.     Canals,  108-10.     Railroads, 

110,  111. 

Agricultural  Societies. 

First  society;  state  board  of  agriculture,  111,  112.  Cambridge  City  dis- 
trict agricultural  society,  112,  113.  Wayne  county  joint  stock 
agricultural  association;  Richmond  horticultural  society,  112-14. 
Richmond  industrial  association,  410. 

Old  Settlers'  Meetings. 

Meeting  at  Centerville  in  1869:  Speeches  of  0.  P.  Morton,  Joseph  Hol- 
man.  Col.  James  Blake,  John  S.  Newman,  John  Peelle,  B.  C.  Hobbs, 
Col.  Enoch  Railsback,  Jacob  B.  .Julian,  Noah  W.  Miner,  115-122. 
Exhibition  of  curiosities,  122,  123. 

Criminal  Trials. 

Trial  and  execution  of  Henry  Crist  and  Hampshire  Pitt  for  murder, 
123-5.     Whipping  a  legal  penalty,  126. 

War  History. 

War  begun  in  South  Carolina;  public  meetings  and  enlistments,  126-8. 
Relief  of  soldiers'  families,  128-130.     Calls  for  more  troops;  extra- 


CONTENTS.  XIU 

ordinary  contributions,  130-3.  Morgan  invasion,  134.  Large  money 
contributions,  and  raising  of  more  troops,  134-6.  Last  contribution; 
end  of  the  war;  assassination  of  President  Lincoln,  136,  137. 

Population  and  Taxes. 

Population  of  the  several  townships  and  towns;  property  and  taxes,  138, 
139. 

Post-offices  and  Postmasters. 

Lists  of  all  post-offices  and  postmasters  in  the  county,  140-3. 


TOWNSHIP  HISTOEIES. 

Abington. 

Formation  and  early  settlement  of  the  township,  144-6;  mills,  ma- 
chinery, and  merchants,  147;  mechanics,  148,  450;  physicians,  450. 
Eeligious  societies ;  laying  out  of  the  town,  148.  Biographical  and 
genealogical  sketches,  148-150. 

Boston. 

Formation  of  the  township,  and  early  settlement,  151-5.  Physicians, 
merchants,  justices,  155.  Mills  and  machinery,  155,  156.  Religiou-s 
societies;  laying  out  of  the  town;  F.  and  A.  M.,  and  I.  0.  O.  F. 
lodges,  156-8.     Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches,  158-160. 

Center. 

Formation  and  area  of  the  township,  and  its  early  settlers,  161-5.  Mills 
and  machinery,  blacksmiths,  and  tannery,  165,  166.  Town  of  Cen- 
terville  laid  out,  166.  Innkeepers,  mechanics,  merchants,  physicians, 
and  lawyers,  167-9.  First  national  bank;  machine  shop  and  saw- 
mill; engine  house  and  town  hall,  169.  Newspapers,  169,  170.  Pub- 
lic school-house,  170.  Religious  societies,  170-3.  Lodges,  173, 
Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches,  173-194. 

Clay. 

Formation  of  the  township,  and  early  settlement,  195-9.  Mills  and  ma- 
chinery, blacksmiths,  merchants,  physicians,  justices,  199,  200. 
Religious  societies,  200,  201.  Town  of  Washington  laid  out;  block- 
houses, 201.  Lodges,  201,  202.  Biographical  and  genealogical 
sketches,  202-4. 

Dalton. 

Township  formed,  and  its  settlement,  204-7.  Tannery,  mills,  207.  Mer- 
chants and  physicians,  207,  208.  Woolen  mills;  school-house;  re- 
ligious societies,  208,  209.  Towns  of  Dalton  and  Franklin;  justices, 
209.     Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches,  210-12. 


XIV  CONTENTS. 


Franklin. 


Township  formed;  its  settlement,  211-14.  Mills,  merchants,  physicians, 
215,  216.  Religious  societies,  academy,  216,  217.  Towns  of  Hills- 
borough and  Bethel,  217.  Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches, 
217-221. 

Green. 

Formation  and  settlement  of  the  township,  221-4.  Mechanics,  mills, 
merchants,  physicians,  justices,  members  of  legislature,  224,  225. 
Religious  societies,  225-7;  lodges,  226-7.  Town  of  Williamsburg, 
227.     Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches,  227-231. 

Harrison. 

Township  formed,  and  its  settlement,  231-5.  Early  schools,  mechanics, 
mills,  234,  235.  Town  of  Jacksonburg;  its  mechanics,  physicians, 
merchants,  tanners,  235,  236.  Religious  societies,  236,  237.  Bio- 
graphical and  genealogical  sketches,  237-242. 

Jackson. 
Formation  and  description  of  the  township ;  settlement  of  the  east  part, 
243,  244.  Town  of  East  Germantown;  its  physicians,  inns,  mer- 
chants, blacksmiths,  plow  manufactory,  244-6.  Religious  societies, 
246,  247.  Settlement  about  Cambridge;  mills  and  machinery,  247, 
248.  Vandalia  and  East  Cambridge,  248.  Cambridge  City ;  its  set- 
tlement and  growth,  248,  249 ;  its  merchants,  mechanics,  physicians, 
lawyers,  bank,  public  hall,  249-251.  Manufactures:  car  manufac- 
turing company,  Cambridge  City  manufacturing  company,  flax-mill, 
marble  works,  251,  252.  Flower  and  plant  nursery,  253.  Schools 
and  religious  societies,  253-5.  Lodges,  255-7.  Newspapers,  257-9, 
Settlement  of  the  west  and  north  parts  of  the  township;  school, 
and  religious  societies,  261,  262.  Town  of  Dublin;  its  merchants, 
physicians,  tavern,  schools,  mechanics,  262,  263.  Mills  and  ma- 
chinery; Wayne  Agricultural  Works,  264.  Justices;  temperance; 
religious  societies,  265,  266.  Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches, 
266-272. 

Jefferson. 

Formation  and  settlement,  273-8.  Mills,  mechanics,  physicians,  mer- 
chants, lawyers,  justices,  representatives,  278-280.  Hagerstown  laid' 
out,  280.  Religious  societies,  academy,  first  temperance  society  and 
Sabbath  school,  280-4.    Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches,  fi84-9. 

New  Garden. 

Township  formed,  and  its  settlement,  289-293.  Mills  and  machinery  ; 
mechanics,  merchants,  physicians,  293-5.  Schools;  religious  socie- 
ties, temperance  and  abolition,  295-7.  Shooting  of  an  Indian ;  Shu- 
gart  and  Harris,  and  the  Indian  alarms,  298.  Town  of  Newport  laid 
out ;  lodges,  298.     Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches,  299-304. 


CONTENTS.  XV 

Perry. 

Formation  and  settlement  of  township,  304-8.  Mills  and  machinery, 
308.  Merchants,  tanners,  physicians,  blacksmiths,  309.  Religious 
societies,  schools,  309-12.  Economy  laid  out;  justices,  312.  Bio- 
graphical and  genealogical  sketches,  312,  313. 

Washington. 
Formation  and  settlement,  314-320.  Grist-mills,  saw-mills,  320,  321. 
Carding  and  fulling  mills,  Milton  Woolen  Mills,  Hoosier  Drill  Man- 
ufactory, merchants,  physicians,  mechanics,  322,  323.  Religious 
societies,  323,  324.  Town  of  Milton,  325.  Biographical  and  genealog- 
ical sketches,  325-331. 

Wayne. 

Formation  of  the  township,  321.  Names  and  residences  of  settlers, 
332-6.     Biographical  and  genealogical  sketches,  337-358. 

Eichmond. 
Early  history  of  the  town;  borough  and  city  governments,  359,  360. 
Charles  W.  Starr's  purchase ;  naming  of  the  town,  361.  Early  mer- 
chants, innkeepers,  362-8-.  Mechanics:  blacksmiths,  carpenters, 
cabinet-makers,  368-370;  tailors,  silversmiths,  chair-makers,  370-2; 
hatters,  saddlers  and  harness-makers,  tanners,  shoemakers,  372-4; 
wagon-makers,  potters,  374,  375.  Miscellaneous,  375,  376.  Phy- 
sicians, lawyers,  377,  378.  Manufactures  and  trade  of  Richmond : 
Gaar  machine  works ;  Robinson  machine  works,  379,  380.  Quaker 
City  works.  Union  machine  works,  Richmond  mill  works,  380-2. 
Stove  foundry  ;  Richmond  school  furniture  works  ;  sash,  door,  blind, 
and  school  furniture  works ;  burial  case  manufactory,  382-4.  Em- 
pire steel  plow  factory ;  Richmond  plow  works,  384,  385.  Carriage 
and  carriage  wheel  manufactories ,-  malleable  iron  works ;  cutlery 
manufactory,  385,  386.  Woolen  manufacture :  Richmond  woolen  mills, 
Mt.  Vernon  woolen  mill.  Fleecy  Dale  woolen  factory,  387,  388.  Rich- 
mond knitting  factory ;  cotton  factory ;  Richmond  loom  works  and 
school  furniture,  388,  389.  Paper  mills;  linseed  oil  mill;  flouring 
mills,  389,  390.  Wholesale  trade :  Groceries,  dry  goods,  390;  drugs 
and  medicines,  queensware,  iron  stores,  woolen  machinery,  391. 
Banks,  392-7.  Schools,  397-9.  Religious  societies,  399-408.  Benev- 
olent societies,  408.  Building  associations,  409.  Richmond  Indus- 
trial association,  410.  Lodges,  441.  Odd  Fellows'  hall,  444.  Public 
halls,  370,  445.     Lyceum  hall,  445. 

SUPPLEMENT. 

Retail  merchants,  446,  447.  Charter  Oak  pork  house,  447.  Gas  works, 
448.  Planing  mill,  steam  bakery,  448.  Hotels,  449.  Cascade  garden 
and  nursery ;  Sylvan  Heights ;  Medical  and  Surgical  Sanitarium,  449. 

Omissions  in  Township  Histokies  supplied,  and  Corrections,   .     .     .    450-2 


EMBELLISHMENTS. 


PORTRAITS. 


1.  John  Barnes,     . 

337 

26.  Jonathan  Hough,  . 

299 

2.  Isaac  N.  Beard, 

238 

27.  Mary  Hunt, 

.     149 

3,  John  Beard. 

232 

28.  George  W.  Julian,  . 

185 

4.  John  Beard,   . 

325 

29.  Kebecca  Julian, 

.       66 

5.  Mary  Beard, 

237 

30.  John  Kepler, 

241 

6.  Dorcas  Beeson, 

327 

31.  John  King, 

.     187 

7.  Othniel  Beeson, 

328 

32.  Joseph  Lewis, 

229 

8.  Thomas  W.  Bennett,     . 

411 

33.  Jeremy  Mansur, 

.     188 

9.  Jesse  Bond, 

196 

34.  Benjamin  L.  Martin, 

351 

10.  William  Bulla,       . 

339 

35.  John  Mason, 

.     286 

11.  Lewis  Burk, 

413 

36.  Solomon  Meredith, 

270 

12.  Elijah  Coffin,  . 

394 

37.  HughMoffitt,     . 

.       31 

13.  David  Commons, 

176 

38.  Robert  Morrisson, 

32 

14.  Daniel  B.  Crawford, 

416 

39.  Oliver  P.  Morton,       . 

.     189 

15.  John  Finley, 

417 

40.  John  S.  Newman,  . 

190 

16.  Valentine  Foland, 

203 

41.  William  Parry,  . 

.     353 

17.  Abraham  Gaar,  . 

160 

42.  Oran  Perry,     . 

427 

18.  Jonas  Gaar,     . 

418 

43.  James  M.  Poe,  . 

.     430 

19.  John  Green, 

228 

44.  Enoch  Railsback,  . 

120 

20.  Samuel  Hannah,    . 

178 

45.  Cornelius  Ratliff, 

.     355 

21.  Nathan  Hawkins, 

342 

46.  Daniel  Reid,   . 

433 

22.  David  P.  Holloway, 

421 

47.  John  Sailor, 

.     360 

23.  Joseph  Holman, 

95 

48.  John  Stigleman,     . 

193 

24.  David  Hoover,  frontispiece 

49.  Henry  Study,     . 

.     231 

25.  Henry  Hoover, 

348 

50.  Francis  Thomas,     . 

303 

51.  Daniel  P.  Wiggins,     .         .        .        438 

VIEWS 

OF 

BUILDINGS. 

Milton  Public  School-house,     .     324  |  Morrisson  Library, 
Odd  Fellows'  Hall 444 


424 


HISTORY  OF  WAYNE  COUNTY. 


PRELIMINAKY  HISTORY. 

America  was  discovered  by  Columbus  in  1492.  Eiforts 
were  early  made  by  Spain,  France,  and  England  to  establisli 
colonies  in  iSforth  America.  More,  however,  than  a  century 
elapsed  before  many  permanent  settlements  were  made.  In 
1568,  the  Spaniards  established  a  small  colony  in  Florida. 
The  French,  in  1605,  planted  a  small  colony  in  Kova  Scotia, 
and  in  1608  founded  the  city  of  Quebec.  In  1607,  the 
English  made  a  settlement  at  Jamestown  in  Virginia,  i^ew 
York  was  settled  by  the  Dutch  in  1614.  In  1620,  the  "  Pil- 
grim Fathers  "  landed  on  Plymouth  Pock,  and  commenced 
the  settlement  of  'New  England. 

The  tract  of  country  called  JSTew  England,  granted  in  1620 
by  James  I.,  king  of  England,  to  the  Plymouth  Company, 
extended  from  the  Atlantic  to  the  Pacific  ocean.  This  grant 
was  substantially  confirmed  by  William  and  Mary,  in  1691, 
by  a  second  charter  specifying  the  territory  granted  as  lying 
between  42  deg.  5  min.  and  44  deg.  15  min.  north  latitude. 
Previously,  however,  to  the  latter  grant,  Charles  I.  [1663] 
granted  to  the  duke  of  Y'ork  and  Albany  the  province  of 
New  Y^ork  extending  to  tlie  Canada  line ;  its  extent  west- 
ward was  not  definitely  stated.  Under  these  conflicting 
grants,  disputes  arose  between  some  of  the  states  as  to  the 
extent  of  their  respective  territorial  rights  and  jurisdiction. 
This  controversy  was  not  settled  until  several  years  after  the 
Pe^t)lution. 

The  French  colonists  extended  their  settlements  along  the 
shores  of  the  St.  Lawrence  and  the  great  lakes  westward  as 
far  as  to  Lake   Superior,  and  established  trading  posts  at 


18  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

various  places,  and  missionary  stations  among  several  tribes 
of  Indians.  And  for  the  protection  of  the  fur  trade,  small 
stockade  forts  were  erected.  France  also,  on  discoveries  by 
exploring  parties  of  her  subjects,  based  a  claim  to  all  the 
country  lying  between  Kew  Mexico  and  Canada  in  the  valleys 
of  the  Mississippi  and  its  tributaries,  on  both  sides  of  that 
river. 

Protestant  England  and  Catholic  France  were  rivals  in 
acquiring  and  colonizing  territory,  establishing  trade  with 
the  Indians,  and  propagating  among  them  their  respective 
systems  of  religion.  One  of  the  reasons  assigned  by  Cotton 
Mather  in  his  Ecclesiastical  History  of  'Sew  England,  for 
planting  British  colonies  in  this  country  was,  that  it  would 
"  be  a  service  unto  the  church  of  great  consequence  to  carry 
the  gospel  into  those  parts  of  the  world,  and  raise  a  bulwark 
against  the  kingdom  of  Anti-Christ  which  the  Jesuits  labor 
to  rear  up  in  all  parts  of  the  world." 

France,  in  the  prosecution  of  her  designs,  earW  made  set- 
tlements and  established  trading  posts,  between  the  Lakes 
and  the  Gulf  of  Mexico  ;  one  of  which  was  Post  Vincennes, 
in  the  western  border  of  the  present  state  of  Indiana. 

At  an  early  period  of  the  Revolutionary  war,  efibrts  were 
made  by  the  British  to  incite  the  Indians  to  carry  on  a  border 
warfare  against  the  settlers  on  the  frontiers  of  the  United 
States.  For  the  defense  of  the  frontiers,  Congress,  in  1777, 
ordered  a  military  force  to  be  raised,  to  the  command  of 
which  Colonel  [afterward  General]  George  P.  Clark  was  ap- 
pointed. He  led  an  expedition  against  the  ancient  French 
settlements  about  Kaskaskia  and  Post  Vincennes.  The 
French  inhabitants  at  Kaskaskia  were  terror-stricken ;  and 
being  treated  by  Col.  Clark  with  great  generosity  and  kind- 
ness, and  being  informed  that  an  alliance  had  been  formed 
between  France  and  the  United  States,  they  took  the  oath  of 
allegiance  to  the  State  of  Virginia,  and  a  company  of  French 
militia  joined  onr  forces.  Through  much  difficulty  the  United 
States  army  reached  Post  Vincennes,  where  the  British  com- 
mandant, Lieutenant-Governor  Hamilton,  was  brought  to 
terms  of  capitulation  prescribed  by  Col.  Clark,  who  took  the 
British  garrison  as  prisoners  of  war.    After  several  successes 


PRELIMINARY   HISTORY.  19 

of  Gen.  Clark,  wliicli  had  in  a  measure  allayed  the  fears  of 
the  whites,  emigration  from  Virginia  to  Kentucky  increased. 
This  warfare  between  some  of  the  Indian  tribes  and  tlie  white 
settlers  on  the  borders  of  the  Ohio  river,  continued  during 
the  war.  'Nov  did  it  entirely  cease  until  the  forces  of  those 
tribes  were  defeated  by  Wayne's  army  in  1794. 

The  conflictinii  claims  of  states  under  the  grants  of  the 
crown  of  Grreat  Britain  to  lands  in  the  iSTorth-west,  east  of 
the  Mississippi,  has  been  alluded  to.  These  states  were  Kew 
York,  Virginia,  Connecticut,  and  Massachusetts.  In  com- 
pliance with  a  suggestion  to  that  effect,  and  a  request  of 
Cono-ress,  these  states  successively  passed  acts  to  cede  to  the 
General  Government  their  western  lands  as  a  fund  to  aid  in 
paying  the  debt  incurred  during  the  Revolutionary  war.  The 
dates  of  these  several  acts  the  writer  has  not  at  hand.  Their 
dei'ds  of  cession  were  respectively  dated  as  follows :  That  of 
Kew  York,  March  1, 1781 ;  that  of  Virginia,  March  1,  1784 ; 
that  of  Massachusetts,  April  19,  1785  ;  and  Connecticut, 
September  13,  1786,  transferred  her  claim,  reserving  about 
3,000,000  acres  in  the  north-east  part  of  the  state.  This  tract 
was  called  the  "  Western  Reserve  of  Connecticut."  On  the 
30th  of  May,  1800,  the  jurisdictional  claims  of  that  state  to 
this  Reserve  were  surrendered  to  the  United  States. 

In  1787,  by  an  ordinance  of  the  Old  Congress,  was  formed 
the  Xorth-western  Territory,  embracing  the  territory  north- 
west of  the  Ohio  and  east  of  the  Mississippi,  from  which  have 
since  been  formed  the  states  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Michi- 
gan, and  Wisconsin.  This  ordinance  was  reported  by  Kathan 
Dane,  of  Massachusetts,  and  contained  that  celebrated  pro- 
viso, forever  prohibiting  slavery  in  the  territory  or  in  the 
states  which  should  be  formed  from  it.  The  powers  of 
government,  legislative,  executive,  and  judicial,  were,  by 
this  ordinance,  vested  in  a  governor  and  three  judges,  who, 
with  a  secretary,  were  to  be  appointed  by  Congress ;  the 
governor  for  three  years,  the  judges  during  good  behavior. 
The  laws  of  the  territory  were  to  be  such  laws  of  the  original 
states  as  the  governor  and  judges  should  think  proper  to 
adopt,  and  were  to  be  in  force  until  disapproved  by  Congress. 
When  the  territory  should  contain  live  thousand  free  male 


20  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

inhabitants  of  full  age,  there  was  to  be  a  legislature  to  con- 
sist of  two  branches  ;  a  house  of  representatives,  the  members 
to  be  chosen  from  the  several  counties  or  townships  for  two 
years,  and  a  legislative  council  of  five  persons  who  were  to 
hold  their  offices  for  five  years,  and  to  be  appointed  by  Con- 
gress out  of  ten  persons  previously  nominated  by  the  house 
of  representatives  of  the  territory.  All  laws  were  required 
to  be  consistent  with,  the  ordinance,  and  to  have  the  assent 
of  the  governor. 

In  October,  1787,  Gen.  Arthur  St.  Clair  was  chosen  by 
Congress  governor  of  the  territory,  though  he  does  not 
appear  to  have  entered  on  the  duties  of  his  office  until  the 
next  year.  He  arrived  at  Marietta,  Ohio,  in  July,  1788,  and 
began  to  organize  the  government  according  to  the  provisions 
of  the  ordinance  of  1787  ;  and,  with  the  judges  of  the  general 
court,  adopted  sundry  laws. 

The  most  unpleasant  duties  of  Governor  St.  Clair  were 
imposed  upon  him  by  the  hostilities  of  the  Indians, 
especially  the  hostilities  between  the  Indians  on  the 
Wabash  and  the  people  of  Kentucky.  Which  was  the 
aggressive  party,  it  was  not  easy  to  determine.  Gen.  Knox, 
Secretary  of  War,  in  a  report  to  the  President  of  the  United 
States,  says:  "  The  injuries  and  murders  have  been  so  recip- 
rocal, that  it  would  be  a  point  of  critical  investigation  to 
know  on  which  side  they  have  been  the  greatest."  Gen.  St. 
Clair  was  requested  by  President  Washington  to  ascertain 
whether  peace  on  reasonable  terms  could  be  established  with 
the  Wabash  and  Illinois  Indians ;  and  he  was  authorized,  if 
necessary  for  the  protection  of  the  people  on  the  frontiers  of 
Pennsylvania  and  Virginia,  to  raise  a  militia  force  in  the 
nearest  counties  in  those  states,  to  act  with  the  United  States 
troops  for  that  purpose.  Gov.  St.  Clair  was  also  instructed 
"  to  execute  the  orders  of  the  late  Congress  respecting  the 
inhabitants  at  Post  Vincennes,  and  at  the  Kaskaskias,  and 
the  other  villages  on  the  Mississippi,  as  it  was  important  that 
the  said  inhabitants  should,  as  soon  as  possible,  possess  the 
lands  to  which  they  were  entitled,  by  some  known  and  fixed 
principles." 

Pursuant  to  these  instructions,  about  the  first  of  January, 


PRELIMINARY   HISTORY.  21 

1790,  the  Governor,  with  the  Judsres  of  the  Supreme  Court  of 
the  territory,  descended  the  Ohio  from  Marietta  to  Fort  Wash- 
ington, at  Losantiville,  where  the  Governor  hiid  out  the  county 
of  Hamilton,  and  appointed  officers  for  the  administration  of 
justice  therein.  He  also  induced  the  proprietors  of  the  little 
village  to  change  its  name  to  Cincinnati.  \_DiIlo)i.']  The  Gov- 
ernor, with  "Winthrop  Sargent,  Secretary  of  the  Territory, 
proceeded  to  the  place  of  his  destination.  On  his  arrival  at 
Kaskaskia,  he  laid  out  the  county  of  St.  Clair,  and  appointed 
officers  for  the  same.  He  also  examined  many  claims  and 
title  deeds  to  lands,  and  confirmed  those  which  were  found 
authentic. 

The  people  of  the  Wabash  and  Illinois  countries  had,  from 
various  causes,  among  whicli  was  the  destruction  of  crops  by 
floods,  been  reduced  to  a  state  of  suffering,  almost  of  starva- 
tion. By  an  act  of  the  Old  Congress,  lands  previously  in  their 
possession  were  to  be  surveyed  at  their  own  expense.  Many, 
unable  to  pay  for  the  surveys,  memoriahzed  the  Governor, 
asking  his  protection,  soliciting  him  "to  laj^  their  deplorable 
situation  before  Congress ; "  urging  that,  "  in  their  humble 
opinion,  the  expense  of  the  survey  ought  to  be  borne  by  Con- 
gress, for  whom  alone  it  is  useful." 

The  Indians  having  manifested  no  disposition  to  make  a 
treaty  of  peace  with  the  United  States,  or  cease  hostilities,  the 
Governor  returned  with  a  view  to  fitting  out  an  expedition 
against  the  hostile  Indians.  Secretary  Sargent,  now  acting  as 
governor,  went  from  Kaskaskia  to  Post  Vincennes,  and  laid 
out  the  county  of  Knox,  then  and  for  several  years  the  only 
county  within  the  present  bounds  of  this  state,  and  settled  the 
claims  of  the  inhabitants  to  their  lands. 

Depredations  and  murders  having  been  committed  along  the 
Ohio,  from,  its  mouth  to  the  neighborhood  of  Pittsburg,  the 
government  found  it  necessary  to  raise  forces  to  protect  the 
navigation  of  that  river,  and  the  inhabitants  along  its  borders, 
as  well  as  those  in  the  Wabash  country.  The  particulars  of 
the  wars  which  ensued,  can  not  be  given  in  this  work.  Suffice 
it  to  say,  that,  in  September,  1792,  a  treaty  of  peace  was  made 
at  Vinceunes  with  the  Illinois  and  Wabash  tribes,  by  which 
the  United  States  guarantied  to  them  all  the  lands  to  which 


22  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

they  had  a  just  claim,  and  protection  in  the  enjoyment  of  their 
just  rights. 

In  the  summer  of  1793,  a  long  council  was  held  on  Detroit 
river  to  negotiate  peace  with  the  north-western  Indians,  but 
without  success.  They  claimed  the  right  to  all  the  lands  lying 
north-west  of  the  Ohio  river,  denying  the  validity  of  the  treaty 
by  virtue  of  which  the  lands  were  claimed  by  the  United 
States.  They  said  the  commissioners  of  the  United  States 
negotiating  the  treaty  had  been  informed  that,  to  be  binding, 
it  must  be  signed  by  a  general  council ;  yet  they  persisted  in 
collecting  a  few  chiefs  of  two  or  three  nations  only  out  of  some 
fifteen,  and  held  a  treaty  for  the  cession  of  an  immense  country. 

Overtures  of  peace  having  been  rejected  by  the  north-western 
Indians,  preparations  were  made  for  an  expedition  against  the 
Indians.  Gen.  St.  Clair  having  resigned  the  office  of  Major- 
General  in  1791,  he  was  succeeded  by  General  Anthony  Wayne, 
who  now  had  command  of  the  forces.  The  campaign  was 
successful.  The  decisive  battle  was  fought  on  the  banks  of 
the  Maumee,  on  the  20th  of  August,  1794.  During  the  fol- 
lowing winter,  the  Indians  agreed  to  meet  Gen.  Wayne  at 
Greenville  in  June,  1795,  to  negotiate  a  peace.  JSTegotiations 
commenced  the  16th  of  June;  and  articles  of  peace  were  duly 
signed  by  Gen.  Wayne  and  the  representatives  of  the  several 
Indian  tribes,  on  the  3d  day  of  August,  1795. 

Amongst  the  lands  ceded  by  this  treaty,  are  the  following, 
which  are  stated  in  Chamberlain's  Indiana  Gazetteer,  pub- 
lished in  1850,  to  be  at  present  a  part  of  this  state :  "  First,  a 
tract  lying  south-east  of  a  line  from  the  mouth  of  Kentucky 
river,  running  north-east  to  Fort  Recovery,  near  the  head  of 
the  Wabash,  and  embracing  the  present  counties  of  Dearborn, 
Ohio,  and  parts  of  Switzerland,  Franklin,  Union-,  and  Wayne; 
and  then  various  tracts  at  the  head  of  the  Maumee,  the  portage 
of  the  Wabash,  and  Oaiatenon.  All  claims  to  other  lands 
within  this  state  were,  at  that  time,  relinquished  to  the  Indians, 
except  the  150,000  acres  granted  to  Clark's  regiment,  the 
French  grants  near  Yincennes,  and  other  lands  occupied  by 
the  French,  or  other  whites,  to  which  the  Indian  title  had 
been  extinguished." 

The  tract  first  above  mentioned  as  "  embracing  the  present 


PRELIMINARY    HISTORY.  23 

counties  of  Dearborn  and  Ohio,  and  parts  of  Switzerland, 
Franklin,  Union,  and  Wayne,"  is  the  gore  which  constituted 
Dearborn  prior  to  the  formation  of  Wayne  in  1810,  and  laid 
between  the  present  west  line  of  Ohio,  and  the  west  line  of  the 
tract  ceded  to  the  United  States  by  the  treaty  of  Greenville  in 
1795  ;  which  latter  line  was  also  the  eastern  boundary  of  the 
Tv/elve  Mile  Purchase.  It  was  provided,  however,  in  the  act 
of  May,  1800,  dividing  the  ISTorth-western  Territory,  that  when 
the  eastern  division  should  be  admitted  into  the  Union  as  a 
state,  its  western  boundary  should  be  altered,  probably  with 
the  view  of  establishing  a  boundary  line  running  due  north 
and  south.  Instead  of  beginning  on  the  Ohio  opposite  the 
mouth  of  the  Kentucky  river,  it  was  to  begin  at  the  mouth  of 
the  Great  Miami,  and  run  due  north  to  Fort  Recovery.  When, 
in  1802,  Ohio  was  admitted  as  a  state  into  the  Union,  its  west- 
ern boundary  was  made  to  conform  to  this  provision. 

Pursuant  to  the  act  of  Congress  of  May  7,  1800,  '•  to  divide 
the  territory  of  the  United  States  north-west  of  the  Ohio  into 
two  separate  governments,"  the  eastern  part  retained  its  former 
name,  and  was  composed  of  the  present  state  of  Ohio,  a  small 
part  of  Michigan,  and  a  small  part  of  Indiana ;  [the  "  gore  "  de- 
scribed in  the  preceding  paragraph.]  The  other  district,  called 
Indiana  Territory,  embraced  all  the  region  west  of  the  former, 
east  of  the  Mississippi,  and  between  the  Lakes  and  the  Ohio 
river. 

The  seat  of  government  of  Indiana  Territory  was  fixed  at 
Yincennes;  and  Gen.  Wm.  Henry  Harrison  was  appointed 
governor.  In  January,  1801,  he  convened  the  judges  of  the 
territory  at  Vincennes  for  making  and  publishing  laws  and 
performing  other  acts  for  the  government  of  the  territory. 
The  territorial  judges  held  their  lirst  general  court  at  Vincennes 
in  March,  1801. 

From  the  year  1802  to  1805,  inclusive.  Gov.  Harrison  nego- 
tiated seven  treaties  with  ten  different  tribes  of  north-western 
Indians,  acquiring  from  these  tribes  about  fortj-slx  thoasniid 
square  miles  of  territory. 

The  state  of  Virginia  having  originally  claimed  these  west- 
ern lands,  immigrants  from  that  state  brought  slaves  with  them, 
and  held  them  as  such.     Although  slavery  was  prohibited  by 


24  HISTORY  OF   WAYNE  COUNTY. 

the  ordinance  of  1787,  it  existed  to  some  extent  in  Indiana 
territory  when  it  was  formed,  the  law  not  being  strictly  en- 
forced. Its  effect  was  in  some  instances  evaded  by  holding 
colored  persons  in  servitude,  for  a  term  of  years,  by  indentures 
and  written  contracts.  Many  were  removed  to  slaveholding 
states,  and  to  the  west  side  of  the  Mississippi  river. 

Acceding  to  the  wishes  of  some  of  the  inhabitants,  Gov. 
Harrison,  in  1802,  called  a  convention  of  delegates  from  the 
several  counties,  the  object  of  which  was  to  take  measures  to 
petition  Congress  to  suspend  the  operation  of  the  prohibitory 
clause  of  the  ordinance.  Congress  was  petitioned,  and  reports 
in  favor  of  such  suspension  for  ten  years  were  made  at  two  or 
three  successive  sessions ;  but  the  measure  failed.  In  1804, 
Gov.  Harrison,  having  been  informed  that  certain  indentured 
persons  of  color  were  about  to  be  removed  from  the  terntory 
to  be  sold  as  slaves,  issued  a  proclamation  forbidding  their 
removal,  and  calling  upon  the  civil  authorities  to  prevent  it. 

In  1804,  the  territory  of  Louisiana  purchased  of  France  in 
1803,  was  divided  into  two  territories;  the  south  part  3onsti- 
tuting  the  territory  of  Orleans,  and  the  residue,  lying  north  of 
the  33d  degree  of  north  latitude,  the  district  of  Louisiana. 
There  being  within  this  district  but  few  inhabitants,  and  these 
chiefly  residing  along  the  river,  in  villages,  of  which  the  prin- 
cipal was  St.  Louis,  the  district  was,  for  the  purpose  of 
government,  placed  under  the  jurisdiction  of  Indiana,  then 
comprising  all  the  original  North-western  Territory  except  the 
state  of  Ohio,  which  had  been  recently  formed,  [1802.]  In 
March,  1805,  this  district  was  detached  from  Indiana,  and 
organized  as  a  separate  territory. 

The  first  General  Assembly,  consisting  of  a  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives and  a  Council  of  five,  the  latter  appointed  by  the 
President,  met  at  Yincennes,  July  29,  1805.  There  were  at 
that  time  five  counties,  sending,  in  all,  seven  representatives, 
as  follows:  Jesse  B.  Thomas,  of  Dearborn  county;  Davis 
Floyd,  of  Clark;  Benjamin  Parke  and  John  Johnson,  of  Knox; 
Shadrach  Bond  and  "Wm.  Biggs,  of  St.  Clair;  and  George 
Fisher,  of  Randolph.  There  had  been  six  counties.  Wayne 
county,  embracing  the  principal  part  of  Michigan,  including 
Detroit,  was,  until  the  formation  of  the  territory  of  Michigan 


PRELIMINARY  HISTORY.  25 

in  June,  but  one  month  previous  to  the  meeting  of  the  legis- 
lature, a  part  of  Indiana ;  and,  it  is  presumed,  elected  mem- 
bers of  this  legislature  in  January  preceding,  but  who  were, 
by  the  division  of  the  territory,  prevented  from  taking  seats. 

Among  the  subjects  of  legislation  recommended  by  the  gov- 
ernor, was  the  providing  of  a  remedy  for  the  evils  resulting 
from  the  "  vice  of  drunkenness  among  the  Indians,"  which, 
he  said,  "  spreads  misery  and  desolation  through  the  country, 
and  threatens  the  annihilation  of  the  whole  race."  The  legis- 
lature, by  joint  ballot,  elected  as  delegate  to  Congress,  Benja- 
min Parke,  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  who  had  emigrated  from 
that  state  in  1801. 

The  criminal  code  of  1807  contained  some  unusual  provis- 
ions. Horse-stealing,  with  treason,  murder,  and  arson,  was 
made  punishable  by  death.  Whipping  might  be  inflicted  for 
burglary,  robbery,  larceny,  hog-stealing,  and  bigamy,  Nor 
did  the  early  law-makers  seem  to  underrate  the  importance  of 
the  observance  of  the  fifth  commandment.  Children  or  serv- 
ants, for  resistance  or  disobedieuce  to  the  lawful  commands  of 
tlieir  parents  or  masters,  might  be  sent  by  a  justice  of  the  peace 
to  jail  or  the  house  of  correction,  there  to  remain  until  they 
shouM  "  humble  themselves  to  the  said  parents'  or  masters' 
satisfaction."  And  for  assaulting  or  striking  a  parent  or  mas- 
ter, they  were  liable  to  be  "  whipped  not  exceeding  ten  stripes." 

In  1805,  the  territory  of  Indiana,  which  had  until  then  in- 
cluded the  peninsula  of  Michigan,  was  divided  by  an  act  of 
Congress ;  the  territory  of  Michigan  was  formed,  and  pro- 
vision made  for  its  government.  In  1808,  Indiana  territory 
contained  about  28,000  white  inhabitants,  of  whom  about 
11,000  lived  westward  of  the  river  Wabash.  By  act  of  Con- 
gress, Feb.  3,  1809,  Illinois  territory  was  formed,  including  all 
the  territory  north-west  of  the  present  line  of  Indiana,  and 
north  to  the  Canada  line. 

In  1809,  [Feb.  27,]  Congress  granted  to  the  people  of  Indi- 
ana territory  the  privilege  of  electing  the  members  of  the 
legislative  council,  and  a  territorial  delegate  to  Congress.  In 
1811,  the  elective  franchise  in  the  election  of  these  officers 
was  extended  to  all  free  white  males  21  years  of  age,  resident 


26  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

one  year  in  the  territory,  and  having  paid  a  tax,  county  or 
territorial;  and  in  1814,  to  all  white  male  freeholders. 

Indiana  was  admitted  as  a  state  into  the  Union  in  1816 ; 
Illinois  in  1818 ;  Michigan  in  1836 ;  and  in  1848,  Wisconsin, 
the  last  of  the  five  states  to  be  formed  from  the  Korth-western 
Territory. 

The  state  of  Indiana  is  bounded  on  the  east  by  the  state  of 
Ohio ;  on  the  south,  by  the  Ohio  river  from  the  mouth  of  the 
Great  Miami  to  the  mouth  of  the  river  Wabash ;  on  the  west, 
by  a  line  drawn  along  the  middle  of  the  Wabash  from  its 
mouth  to  a  point  where  a  due  north  line  from  the  town  of 
Yincennes  would  last  touch  the  shore  of  the  Wabash  river ; 
and  thence  by  a  due  north  line  until  the  same  shall  intersect 
an  east  and  west  line  drawn  through  a  point  ten  miles  north 
of  the  southern  extreme  of  lake  Michigan;  and  on  the  north 
by  the  said  east  and  west  line  until  the  same  shall  intersect 
the  first  meridian  line  which  forms  the  western  boundary  of 
the  state  of  Ohio.  These  boundaries  include  an  area  of  33,890 
square  miles,  lying  between  37  deg.  47  min.  and  41  deg.  50 
min.  north  latitude,  and  between  7  deg.  45  min.  and  11  deg. 
longitude  west  from  Washington. 


SETTLEMENT  OF  WAYNE  COUNTY. 

The  first  settlements  in  the  valleys  of  Whitew^ater  within 
the  limits  of  the  present  county  of  Wayne,  were  made  in  the 
vicinity  of  the  site  of  the  city  of  Richmond,  then  in  the  county 
of  Dearborn,  the  county-seat  of  which  was  at  Lawrencebnrg, 
on  the  Ohio  river.  Of  the  present  territory  of  Wayne  county, 
only  that  part  which  lies  east  of  the  Twelve  Mile  Purchase, 
was  then  the  property  of  the  General  Government,  and  offered 
for  sale  to  settlers.  This  strip  of  laud  was,  at  the  south  line 
of  the  county,  about  85  miles  wide;  at  the  north  line,  about 
4:1  miles ;  and  on  the  ]^ational  Road  about  6f  miles.  The 
Twelve  Mile  Purchase  was  twelve  miles  wide,  and  extended 
from  the  Ohio  river  north  to  the  bounds  of  the  state.  Its 
eastern  and  western  lines  were  parallel,  running  from  the  river 
about  13  degrees  east  of  a  due  north  course;  the  east  line 
about  2}  m.  west  of  Richmond,  running  near  or  through  the 


SETTLEMENT    OF    AVAYNE    COUNTY.  27 

old  town  of  Salisbury ;  the  west  line  dividing  Cambridge 
City  near  the  west  end  of  .he  town.  This  land  was  pur- 
chased of  the  Indians  in  the  latter  part  of  1809.  It  was  not 
surveyed,  however,  and  ready  for  sale,  before  1811 ;  though  a 
few  persons  had  previously  settled  on  it. 

In  the  year  1805,  the  first  settlement  of  white  men  on  the 
banks  of  Whitewater  was  commenced,  and  the  first  rude 
cabin  built.  In  the  spring  of  that  year,  George  Holmau, 
Eichard  Rue,  and  Thomas  McCo}',  with  their  families  from 
Kentucky,  settled  about  two  miles  south  of  where  Richmond 
now  stands.  Rue  and  Holman  had  served  under  Gen.  Clark 
in  his  Indian  campaigns  several  years  before  the  formation  of 
the  J^orth-western  Territory  under  the  ordinance  of  1787. 
Both  had  been  captured  by  the  Indians  and  held  as  prisoners 
about  three  years  and  a  half.  [An  account  of  their  captivity 
is  elsewhere  given.]  Both  also  lived  on  the  lands  on  which 
they  settled,  until  their  death,  far  advanced  in  age.  Rue  was 
tlie  first  justice  of  the  peace  in  this  part  of  the  country. 

Ilolman  and  Rue  selected  and  entered  their  lands  late  in 
1804,  at  Cincinnati,  on  their  way  home.  Early  in  the  winter 
they  returned  to  build  cabins  for  their  families,  bringing  with 
them,  on  their  horses,  such  tools  as  were  necessary  in  that 
kind  of  architecture,  and  a  few  cooking  utensils.  Holman's 
two  eklest  sons,  Joseph  and  AVilliam,  then  about  18  and  16 
years  of  age,  accompanied  their  father  to  assist  in  this  initi- 
atory pioneer  labor.  In  a  very  few  days,  two  cabins  were 
ready  for  occupancy.  Rue  and  Ilolman,  leaving  the  boys  to 
take  care  of  themselves,  started  again  for  Kentucky  to  bring 
their  families. 

On  reaching  their  homes,  they  found  two  Pennsylvanians, 
who  were  in  search  of  new  land,  and  had  brought  their  fam- 
ilies with  th'em.  They  soon  decided  to  accompany  Rue  and 
Ilolman ;  and  the  four  families,  with  their  effects,  consisting 
of  clothing,  provisions,  tools,  cooking  utensils,  &c. — all  on 
pack-horses ;  traveling  with  wagons  so  great  a  distance 
through  an  unbroken  wilderness  being  impracticable.  McCoy 
and  Blunt  selected  their  lands  near  those  of  their  two  friends. 
Thus  Avas  commenced  the  settlement  of  Wayne  county. 

A  few  miles  lower  down,  and  near  Elkhoru  creek,  the  Ends- 


28  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

leys,  the  Coxes,  and  perhaps  Hugh  Cull,  settled  the  same  year, 
[1805,]  and  were  followed  in  1806  and  1807  by  Lazarus 
Whitehead,  a  Baptist  minister,  Aaron  Martin,  Charles  Hunt, 
and  their  families;  all  of  whom  are  elsewhere  noticed.  Cull 
was  a  Methodist  minister,  who  lived  where  he  first  settled, 
until  his  death  in  1862,  at  the  age  of  103 — some  say,  105 
years.  Shadrach  Henderson  also,  in  one  of  these  years,  set- 
tled 2  miles  below  Richmond,  on  the  west  side  of  the  White- 
water, where  one  of  the  early  saw-mills  was  built,  near  where 
Larsh's  fiouring-mill  now  stands,  A  family  of  the  name  of 
Lamb  also  settled  a  few  miles  below,  near  or  on  the  Elkhorn. 
The  next  year  after  Holman  and  others  settled  as  above 
stated,  lands  were  taken  up  where  liichmond  now  stands,  and 
on  the  west  side  of  Whitewater.  About  the  first  of  March, 
1806,  David  Hoover,  then  a  young  man,  residing  with  his 
father  in  the  Miami  country  in  Ohio,  with  four  others,  in 
search  of  a  place  for  making  a  settlement,  took  a  section  line 
some  eight  or  ten  miles  north  of  Dayton,  and  traced  it  a  dis- 
tance of  more  than  thirty  miles,  through  an  unbroken  forest, 
to  the  place  where  he  afterward  settled.  He  fancied  he  had 
found  the  Canaan  his  father  had  been  seeking.  His  parents 
were  of  German  descent,  and  members  of  the  Society  of 
Friends.  They  had  emigrated  from  Pennsylvania  to  IS'orth 
Carolina,  and  thence  to  Miami,  where  they  had  temporarily 
located,  until  a  permanent  home  could  be  selected.  Young 
Hoover  and  his  companions  were  supposed  to  be  the  first 
white  men  who  explored  the  territory  north  of  Richmond. 
They  discovered  many  natural  advantages,  among  which  were 
the  pure  spring  water  issuing  from  the  banks  of  the  stream, 
with  its  prospective  mill-sites,  inexhaustible  quarries  of  lime- 
stone, and  a  rich  soil.  Following  the  stream  south  a  short 
distance,  they  found  traps  set;  and  near  the  west  bank  of  the 
Whitewater  nearly  opposite  Richmond,  they  saw  some  In- 
dians. From  these  Indians,  who  could  speak  broken  English, 
they  learned  that  white  men  had  settled  below  on  the  east  side 
of  the  stream.  They  made  their  way  thither,  and  found  the 
Holman,  Rue,  and  McCoy  families.  After  a  brief  rest,  they 
started  back  for  the  Miami  by  a  difierent  route,  and  reported 
the  finding  of  the  "  promised  land." 


SETTLEMENT    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY.  29 

In  May  or  June  followins:,  the  first  entries  were  made. 
Andrew  Hoover,  father  of  David,  entered  several  quarter  sec- 
tions, including  that  which  the  latter  had  selected  for  himself 
on  his  first  trip.  John  Smith  entered  on  tlie  sonth  side  of 
what  is  now  Main  street,  cleared  a  small  patch  of  ground,  and 
built  a  cabin  near  the  blufiF.  Jeremiah  Cox  purchased  his 
quarter  section  late  in  the  summer,  north  of  Main  street,  of 
Joseph  Woodkirk,  who  had  bought  it  of  John  Meek.  Wood- 
kirk  having  made  a  small  clearing  and  planted  it  with  corn, 
Cox  paid  him  for  his  improvement  and  corn.  Andrew  Hoover 
had  a  number  of  sons  and  daughters,  who  settled  around  him 
as  they  got  married.  David  had  taken  a  wife  in  Ohio  before 
coming  to  the  territory.  But  he  did  not  occupy  his  log 
cal)in  until  the  last  of  INIarch  the  next  year,  [1807.]  Here, 
on  the  west  bank  of  Middle  Fork,  he  resided  until  his  death, 
in  1866. 

The  land  in  and  about  Richmond  was  settled  chiefly  by 
Friends  from  North  Carolina ;  some  of  them  from  that  state 
direct,  others  after  a  brief  residence  in  Ohio.  As  the  Hoover 
family  were  the  pioneers  of  these  people,  but  for  the  discovery 
made  here  by  young  Hoover  and  his  fellow  adventurers,  the 
Society  of  Friends  would  probably  not  have  had  the  honor  of 
being  the  first  proprietors  of  the  land  on  which  Richmond 
stands,  and  of  naming  the  cit}^  Indeed,  the  Judge,  in  his  "  Me- 
moir," modestly  clnims  ''tb'^  credit  of  havhig  been  the  pioneer 
of  the  great  bod;.  ./:"  die  Friends  now  to  be  found  in  this  re- 
gion." 

Although  the  Hoovers  had  entered  their  lands  in  May  or 
June,  1806,  most  of  them  did  not  bring  their  families  until  the 
spring  of  1807.  Jerry  Cox  says:  "We  were  the  first  fiimily 
of  the  Friends  that  settled  within  the  limits  of  Wayne  county. 
But  soon  after,  [the  same  year,  1806,]  came  John  Smith  and 
family,  Elijah  Wright,  and  Frederick  Hoover.  In  tiie  follow- 
ing fall,  several  of  the  Hoover  family  came  out  to  build  cab- 
ins and  to  sow  turnip  seed.  In  the  spring  after,  Andrew 
Hoover,  Son.,  David  Hoover,  and  Wm.  Bulla  came.  Some  later 
in  the  spring  came  John  Harvey  and  others  not  recollected." 

The  spirit  of  emigration  prevailed  strongly  in  the  Southern 
States,  especially  in  jS'orth  Carolina.     The  Friends  had  settled 


30  HISTORY   OF  WAYNE    COUNTY. 

in  that  state  before  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution  of  the 
United  States,  which  allowed  the  enslavement  of  the  African 
race  in  this  country.  They  were  generally  unfriendly  to 
slavery :  hence,  probably,  their  desire,  in  great  part,  to  find 
homes  on  better  soil  and  in  more  congenial  society. 

Soon  after  the  families  above  mentioned,  others  of  the  Car- 
olina Friends  began  to  arrive.  Among  those  who  settled  in 
the  vicinity  of  Richmond  were,  Jacob  Meek,  in  1806;  Elijah 
Wright,  in  1806  or  1807;  Jesse  Bond,  1807,  on  the  farm  where 
Earlham  College  now  is;  John  Burgess,  1808;  Valentine 
Pegg,  1809,  2  miles  westerly  from  Richmond;  John  Town- 
send,  (year  not  ascertained ;)  Cornelius  Ratliff,  1810 ;  John 
McLane,  183  0;  and  about  the  same  time  came  families  of  the 
names  of  Stewart,  Evans,  Gilbert,  Thomas  Roberts,  and 
others.  On  East  Fork  also  a  settlement  was  commenced 
early.  Joseph  Wassou,  a  Revolutionary  soldier,  settled  there 
in  1806,  and  Peter  Fleming  in  1807,  both  having  entered 
their  lands  as  early  as  1805  ;  Benjamin  and  Robert  Hill,  1806 ; 
Ralph  Wright  and  John  Hawkins,  1807;  John  Morrow,  1808; 
John  Charles,  1809 ;  James  and  Peter  Ireland,  (year  not  as- 
certained.) With  the  exception  of  the  Fleming,  Wasson,  and 
Ireland  families,  who  were  Presbyterians  from  Kentucky,  the 
most  or  all  of  those  named  above,  were  Friends,  and  came 
from  North  Carolina.  The  names  of  the  places  they  came 
from  became  stereotyped  phrases.  When  asked  from  what 
part  of,  that  state  they  came,  the  common  answer  was,  "  Guil- 
ford county,  near  Clemens's  Store  ;"  or  "  Beard's  Hat  Shop  ;" 
or  "  Deep  River  Settlement  of  Friends;"  or  Dobson's  Cross 
Roads." 

Besides  those  above  mentioned,  many  others  settled  on  East 
Fork,  some  about  the  same  time,  and  some  several  years  later; 
but  the  dates  of  their  settlement  are  not  ascertained.  Among 
them  were  David  AVasson,  a  son-in-law  of  Peter  Fleming, 
afterward  known  as  Judge  Fleming,  who  had  entered  several 
hundred  acres,  on  which  he  settled  his  children,  reserving  for 
himself  a  homestead,  since  known  as  the  "Barnes  farm,"  and 
the  "Woods  place,"  and  now  owned  by  John  Brown  adjoin- 
ing the  state  line.  The  farm  early  owned  by  his  son,  Samuel 
Fleming,  and  now  by  James  Smelser,  was  a  part  of  the  Judge's 


SETTLEMENT    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY.  31 

purchase.  Charles  Moffitt,  an  early  settler,  lived  on  the  sonth 
side  of  East  Fork,  near  Richmond,  where  he  built  a  mill.  He 
remained  there  nntil  his  decease,  man}^  years  ago.  Hugh 
Moffitt,  a  son,  still  resides  near  the  homestead.  A  little  above, 
Amos  and  John  Hawkins  settled  early  with  their  families ; 
and  a  little  further  on,  Wm.  Ireland,  long  since  deceased. 
ISText,  Benj,  Hill,  already  mentioned,  who  remained  there  until 
his  death,  about  forty  years  ago.  His  wife  survived  him  until 
18G7.  Adjoining  on  the  east  was  Joseph  Wasson,  before  men- 
tioned. Nathaniel  McCoy  Wasson  built  a  cabin,  in  1809,  on 
the  homestead  near  the  banks  of  East  Fork;  married,  and 
lived  there  until  his  death,  in  1864.  ISTear  by  was  John  Gay, 
an  early  settler,  known  as  Major  Gay,  who  early  sold  his  land 
to  Jacob  Crist,  still  living  on  the  premises.  John  Drake,  with 
his  numerous  grown  up  sons,  settled  earl}"  on  their  farms  ad- 
joining the  Ohio  line.  The  Drakes  were  of  the  Baptist  denomi- 
nation. During  the  prevalence  of  a  malignant  fever  at  an 
early  period  of  the  settlement  on  East  Fork,  a  number  of 
robust,  middle  aged  men  fell  victims  to  it.  Of  this  number 
were  David  and  John  Wasson. 

On  the  Ohio  side  were  John  Wasson,  David  Purviance  and 
his  sons,  several  families  of  the  Irelands,  and  some  others,  in 
the  vicinity  of  where  JSTew  Paris  now  is.  The  Pnrviances, 
Adamses,  and  Irelands  were  from  Kentucky,  where  David 
Purviance  had  been  a  member  of  the  legislature,  and  made 
himself  conspicuous  by  his  opposition  to  slaverj'.  After  com- 
ing to  Whitewater  he  bec^ame  a  preacher  of  a  sect,  called 
"New  Lights,"  a  body  of  dissenters  from  the  Presbyterians. 
In  the  latter  part  of  his  life,  he  was  a  pioneer  in  the  Anti- 
slaver}'  movement. 

On  Middle  Fork,  near  its  mouth,  was  Wm.  Bulla,  an  early 
settler  and  son-in-law  of  Andrew  Hoover,  Sen.  He  early 
built  a  saw-mill  on  his  farm,  near  the  site  of  Burson's  oil-mill. 
He  lived  there  until  his  decease,  some  years  ago,  at  an  advanced 
age.  Near  the  lands  of  the  Hoover  families,  Jesse  Clark, 
Ealph  Wright,  Alexander  Moore,  and  Amos  and  Abner  Claw- 
son  settled.  A  little  further  up  were  the  Staifords,  Bonds, 
Bunkers,  Swallows,  Ashbys,  Andrewses,  and  others;  all  of 
whom,  we   believe,   were  from  North   Carolina,   and   chiefly 


32  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Friends.  They  had  a  small  log  meeting-house  in  the  vicinity, 
and  were  subordinate  to  Whitewater  Monthly  Meeting. 

William  Bond  had  erected  a  saw-mill,  and  Joshua  Bond  a 
cheap  oil-mill.  Edward  Bond,  Sen.,  died  a  few  years  after  he 
came.  A  little  further  up,  Jeremiah  Cox,  Jun.,  settled,  and 
early  built  a  grist-mill,  to  the  great  gratification  of  the  settlers. 
Above  Cox's  mill  were  a  few  inhabitants.  Among  these  were 
Isaac  Commons,  Eobert  Morrisson,  Barnabas  Boswell,  Isaac, 
John,  and  Wm.  Hiatt,  and  John  Nicholson,  the  farms  of  some 
of  whom  are  now  within  the  limits  of  Franklin  township. 
Bladen  Ashby  settled  near  Cox's  mill,  and  owned  the  land 
from  which  has  long  been  obtained  the  lime  furnished  the 
builders  of  Richmond. 

Among  the  early  settlers,  there  was  probably  none  poorer — 
certainly  none  whose  humble  beginning  and  future  condition 
in  life  present  a  wider  contrast — than  Robert  Morrisson.  He 
was  a  brother-in-law  of  Jeremiah  Cox,  Sen.,  and  came  in  from 
Carolina  in  1810.  After  lodging  a  short  time  in  an  out-house 
of  Cox  used  as  a  sheep  pen,  he  settled  on  Middle  Fork,  as 
above  stated.  JSTeither  in  the  hut  he  had  just  left,  nor  in  his 
cabin  in  the  northern  wilderness,  nor  when  hunting  and  trap- 
ping wolves  and  taking  bounties  for  their  scalps,  could  he  have 
dreamed  of  the  success  he  achieved.  In  1813  or  1814,  he 
sold  his  new  farm,  and,  as  will  be  hereafter  seen,  made  his 
second  advent,  and  as  a  permanent  settler,  in  the  embryo  town 
of  Richmond. 

On  West  Fork,  above  the  lands  of  the  Ratliff*  and  Hoover 
families,  already  mentioned,  was  Joshua  Picket,  an  early 
settler.  Next  above  was  the  Addingtou  settlement,  on  both 
sides  of  the  stream.  Further  up,  the  first  settlers  were  the 
Starbucks,  Swains,  Harrises,  Turners,  and  others,  who  were 
useful,  enterprising  citizens.  Paul  Swain  and  Wm.  Starbuck 
wagoned  produce  of  various  kinds  to  Fort  Wayne.  Edward 
Starbuck,  Sen.,  was  an  early  justice  of  the  peace.  William 
died  in  middle  life.  Hester  Starbuck,  his  widow,  died  within 
the  last  three  or  four  years,  having  lived  to  old  age. 

An  early  settlement  was  also  made,  in  1806,  about  4  or  5 
miles  south-east  of  Richmond,  by  Jesse  Davenport,  Jacob 
Fonts,  and  his  sons  William  and  Jacob,  and  his  son-in-law, 


/ca^  p^/C/Z/'{_j^^yiJ-- 


LOG   CABINS.  33 

Thomas  Bulla,  natives  of  iTorth  Carolina,  bnt  immerliately 
from  Oliio.  By  the  formation  of  Boston,  the  land  of  Daven- 
port was  taken  into  that  township.  Other  families  came  in 
soon  after. 

The  heads  of  the  pione  !■  f  miilies  were  generally  of  middle 
age,  and  robust,  as  were  also  their  worthy  wives,  who  were  well 
adapted  for  the  hardships  and  toils  of  a  frontier  life.  They 
were  on  wdiat  they  considered  the  extreme  border  of  civiliza- 
tion; the  average  breadth  of  Government  lands  along  the  east 
line  of  the  territory  being  onlj'  about  seven  miles,  until  after 
the  "Twelve  Mile  Purchase"  of  the  Indians  was  made.  Few 
or  no  other  settlements  were  known  in  any  parts  of  the  ter- 
ritory except  Vincennes,  and  on  the  Ohio  river.  Some  tVimilies 
settled  on  this  Purchase  before  It  was  surveyed;  but  a  large 
portion  of  these  left  their  habitations,  fr<mi  apprehensions  of 
molestation  by  the  Indians  during  the  war  of  1812,  and  did  not 
return  until  after  the  war  was  ended.  After  the  return  of 
peace,  the  Twelve  Mile  Purchase  was  settled  rapidly. 

Log  Cahins. 

A  description  of  those  early  domiciles  familiarly  called  log 
cabi)is,  and  the  mode  of  erecting  them,  may  be  interesting  to 
the  younger  readers,  and  especially  to  their  descendants,  who 
will  never  see  a  structure  of  this  kind.  The  early  settlers, 
after  roads  had  been  opened  by  cutting  away  the  underbi'ush, 
came  in  on  wagons,  some  of  them  drawn  by  four-horse  teams. 
It  is  said  that  a  few  came  with  their  Carolina  carts,  the  wheels 
of  which  were  banded  with  wooden  tire  and  pitched  with  tar. 
This,  however,  needs  confirmation.  Their  horses  (probably 
not  in  all  cases)  were  harnessed  in  husk  collars  and  rawhide 
traces.  The}'  were  wont  to  stop  wdth  their  Carolina  friends, 
and  partake  of  their  hospitality  until  a  cabin  was  built.  In 
this  they  were  kindly  assisted  by  those  already  settled  here. 
A  patch  of  ground  having  been  cleared,  they  would  turn  out 
en  masse.  Trees  of  uniform  size  were  selected,  cut  into  pieces 
of  the  desired  length,  and  carried  or  hauled  to  the  spot,  wliich 
was  generally  selected  near  a  spring  of  water,  regardless  of 
other  considerations.  Hence,  many  afterward  found  tliem- 
selves  at  an  inconvenient  distance  from  roads,  and  their  cabins, 


34  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

perhaps,  hid  away  in  some  hollow.  While  the  logs  were  being 
brought  together,  others  were  selecting  a  board  tree,  usually  an 
oak  of  large  size.  This  was  cut  into  pieces  about  four  feet  in 
length  with  a  cross-cut  saw,  if  any  were  so  fortunate  as  to  have 
one.  These  pieces  were,  with  a  fro  and  wooden  maul,  riven 
into  boards,  called  clapboards.  Others,  still,  would  be  riving 
and  slitting  out  n arrow"  pieces  for  a  chimney. 

The  cabin  was  in  the  meantime  rapidly  going  up.  At  each 
corner  was  an  expert  hand  with  an  ax  to  saddle  and  notch 
down  the  logs  so  low  as  to  bring  them  near  together.  The 
usual  height  w^as  one  story.  The  gable  was  made  wath  logs 
gradually  shortened  up  to  the  top.  The  roof  was  made  by 
laying  small  logs  or  stout  poles  reaching  from  gable  to  gable, 
suitable  distances  apart,  on  which  were  laid  the  split  clap- 
boards after  the  manner  of  shingling,  showing  two  feet  or 
more  to  the  weather.  These  clapboards  were  fastened  by  lay- 
ing across  them  heavy  poles  called  weight  poles,  reaching  from 
one  gable  to  the  other;  being  kept  apart  and  in  their  places  by 
laying  between  them  sticks,  or  pieces  of  timber,  called  knees. 
A  w^ide  chimney  place  was  cut  out  of  one  end  of  the  building, 
and  split  timbers  laid  up  for  jambs,  flat  sides  inward,  extend- 
ing out  from  the  building.  This  little  structure  supported  the 
chimney  which  stood  entirely  outside  of  the  house,  and  was 
built  of  the  rived  sticks  before  mentioned,  laid  up  cob-house 
fashion,  gradually  narrowed  in  to  the  top.  The  spaces  between 
the  sticks  were  filled  with  clay  of  the  consistency  of  common 
mortar.  Hence  the  name  of  "stick  and  clay  chimney."  The 
inside  of  these  wooden  jambs  was  covered  several  feet  high 
with  a  thick  coat  of  clay  or  dirt  to  protect  them  against  fire. 
The  hearth  also  was  dirt.  For  a  window,  a  piece,  two  feet 
long,  less  or  more,  was  cut  out  of  one  of  the  wall  logs,  and  the 
hole  closed  with  paper  pasted  over  it.  A  door-way  also  was 
cut  through  one  of  the  walls,  and  split  pieces  called  door- 
cheeks,  reaching  from  the  bottom  to  the  top  of  the  opening, 
were  pinned  to  the  ends  of  the  logs  with  wooden  pins.  A 
door  was  made  of  split  clapboards,  battons  being  nailed  on 
with  wrought  nails  made  by  a  pioneer  blacksmith,  and  was 
hung  with  wooden  hinges.  The  interstices  or  cracks  between 
the  logs  were  closed  with  mud.     The  larger  cracks  or  chinks. 


1427979 

LOG    CABINS.  35 

were  first  partially  closed  with  split  sticks  before  the  clay  or 
mud  was  applied.  Some  had  wooden  floors,  which,  before  the 
days  of  saw-mills,  were  made  of  slabs  split  from  straight 
grained  timber,  and  called  puncheons:  They  were  generally 
hewed  on  one  side,  and  fastened  on  log  sills  with  wooden 
pins.  Many  a  child  performed  its  first  locomotion  on  a 
puncheon  floor,  and  came  in  contact,  at  full  length,  with  the 
rough  surface  of  those  slabs.  The  cabin  was  now  ready  for 
the  family,  all  the  work  having  in  some  instances  been  done 
in  one  day. 

Some  of  the  Carolinians  brought  no  bedsteads.  A  substi- 
tute was  made  by  boring  holes  in  the  walls,  into  which  the 
ends  of  strong  poles  were  fitted,  the  cross  pieces  resting  on 
forked  upright  pieces  fastened  to  the  puncheon  floor,  or  to 
the  ground,  if  there  were  no  such  floor.  This  rough  frame, 
overlaid  with  clapboards,  was  ready  for  the  feather  beds  the 
immigrants  had  brought  with  them. 

The  internal  arrangements  of  one  of  these  rude  dwellings 
is  thus  described :  The  door  is  opened  by  pulling  a  leather 
string  that  lifts  a  wooden  latch  on  the  inside.  [The  inmates 
made  themselves  secure  in  the  night  season  by  pulling  the 
string  in.]  On  entering,  (it  being  meal  tiiiie,)  we  find  a  por- 
tion of  the  family  sitting  around  a  large  chest  in  which  their 
valuables  had  been  brought,  but  which  now  serves  as  a  table 
from  which  they  are  partaking  their  plain  meal  cooked  by  a  log 
heap  fire.  In  one  corner  of  the  room  are  two  or  more  clap- 
boards on  wooden  pins,  displaying  the  table  ware,  consisting 
of  a  few  cups  and  saucers,  and  a  few  blue  edged  plates,  with 
a  goodly  number  of  pewter  plates,  perhaps  standing,  single, 
on  their  edges,  leaning  against  the  wall,  to  render  the  display 
of  table  furniture  more  conspicuous.  Underneath  this  cup- 
board are  seen  a  few  pots  and  perhaps  a.  Dutch  oven.  ]^ot 
many  chairs  having  been  brought  in,  the  deficiency  has  been 
supplied  with  stools  made  of  puncheon  boards  with  three 
legs.  Over  the  doorway  lies  the  indispensable  rifle  on  two 
wooden  hooks,  probabh'  taken  from  a  dog-wood  bush,  and 
nailed  to  a  log  of  the  cabin.  Upon  the  inner  walls  hang 
divers  garments  of  female  attire  made  of  cotton  and  woolen 


36  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

fabrics,  and  perhaps  one  or  two  blue  and  white  calico  dresses 
which  had  done  long  service  in  the  Carolinas  before  their 
transportation  hitlier.  . 

Among  the  different  ways  of  lighting  log  cabins,  Rev, 
Wm.  C.  Smith,  in  his  "Indiana  Miscellanies,"  gives  the 
f  ollowing  :  "  During  the  day,  the  door  of  the  cabin  was  kept 
open  to  afford  light ;  and  at  night,  through  the  winter  season, 
light  was  emitted  from  the  fireplace,  where  huge  logs  were 
kept  burning.  Candles  and  lamps  were  out  of  the  question 
for  a  few  years.  When  these  came  into  use,  they  were  purely 
domestic  in  their  manufacture.  Candles  were  prepared  by 
taking  a  wooden  rod  some  10  or  12  inches  in  length,  wrap- 
ping a  strip  of  cotton  or  linen  cloth  around  it,  then  covering 
it  with  tallow  pressed  on  with  the  hand.  These  'sluts,'  as 
they  were  sometimes  called,  answered  the  purpose  of  a  very 
large  candle,  and  afforded  light  for  several  nights.  Lamps 
w^ere  prepared  bj^  dividing  a  large  turnip  in  the  middle, 
scraping  out  the  inside  quite  down  to  the  rind,  then  inserting 
a  stick,  say  three  inches  in  length,  in  the  center,  so  that  it 
would  stand  upright.  A  strip  of  cotton  or  linen  cloth  was 
then  wrapped  around  it,  and  melted  lard  or  deer's  tallow  was 
poured  in  till  the  turnip  rind  was  full,  when  the  lamp  was 
ready  for  use.  By  the  light  of  these,  daring  the  long  winter 
evenings,  the  women  spun  and  sewed,  and  the  men  read 
when  books  could  be  obtained.  When  neither  lard  nor 
tallow  could  be  had,  the  large  blazing  fire  supplied  the 
needed  light.  By  these  great  fireplaces,  many  cuts  of  thread 
have  been  spun,  many  a  yard  of  linsey  woven,  and  many  a 
frock  and  buckskin  pantaloons  made." 

Living  in  houses  like  those  here  described,  must  have  been 
attended  with  serious  discomforts.  A  single  room  was  made 
to  serve  the  purposes  of  kitchen,  dining-room,  sitting-room, 
bed-room,  and  parlor.  In  many  families  were  six,  eight,  or 
ten  children,  who,  with  their  parents,  were  crowded  into  one 
room.  In  one  corner  was  the  father  and  mother's  bed,  and 
under  it  the  trundle-bed  for  the  smaller  children.  The  larger 
children  lodged  in  the  chamber,  which  they  entered  by  a 
ladder  in  another  corner;  and  sometimes  made  tracks  to  and 
from  their  beds  in  the  snow  driven  through  the  crevices  by 


CLEARING   LAND.  37 

the  wind.  Nor  did  their  roofs,  made  of  hark  or  claphoards, 
protect  them  from  rains  in  the  sumnier.  How  visitors  who 
came  to  spend  the  niglit  were  disposed  of,  the  reader  m.iy 
not  easily  conceive.  Some,  as  their  ianiihes  increased,  added 
to  their  honses  another  room  of  the  same  size  and  manner 
of  constructiou  as  the  former.  Snch  were  the  domiciles  and 
the  condition  of  many  of  the  early  settlers  of  Whitewater 
valley.  A  few  of  these  men  still  remain  among  us,  in  pos- 
session of  ample  fortunes,  and  in  the  enjoyment  of  the  con- 
veniences and  improvements  of  the  present  age — the  reward 
of  their  early  privations  and  toils. 

Clearing  Land. 

The  land  in  this  region  was  covered  with  heavy  timber 
and  a  profusion  of  undergrowth  of  various  kinds,  some 
hearing  wild  fruits,  as  grapes,  plums,  gooseberries,  [)aw])aws, 
crab  apples,  &c.  The  custom  of  cutting  down  all  the  timber 
at  first,  as  was  done  in  some  states,  did  not  prevail  here.  The 
bushes  were  either  cut  down  or  grubbed  out ;  and  the  smaller 
trees,  including  all  under  about  eighteen  inches  in  diameter, 
were  chopped  down,  and  their  bodies  cut  into  lengths  of 
twelve  to  fifteen  feet,  and  their  brush  piled  in  heaps.  The 
large  trees  were  left  standing,  and  "deadened"  by  girdJing. 
This  was  done  with  an  ax,  cutting  through  the  bark  hito  the 
wood  all  round  the  trunk,  thus  causing  the  death  and  decay 
of  the  tree.  After  the  brush  heaps  had  become  sufficiently 
dried,  they  were  burned.  As  a  "good  burn"  was  desirable, 
a  dry  time  was  generally  chosen  when  the  whole  surface  of 
the  ground  would  be  burned  over  by  the  old  dried  leaves 
covering  it.  Soil  thus  scorched  over,  would  be  sure  to  yield 
abundantly.  Next  followed  the  process  of  log-rolling,  or,  as 
it  was  in  some  places  called,  "  logging."  The  neighbors, 
having  been  previously  invited,  were  present  with  a  full 
supply  of  handspikes.  These  were  strong  poles,  about  six 
feet  long,  of  proper  thickness,  and  flattened  or  tapered  at 
the  larger  end,  in  order  to  its  being  more  easily  put  under  or 
between  the  logs.  Logs  too  large  to  be  taken  np  by  hand 
and  carried  to  a  heap,  were  put  upon  a  number  of  hand- 
spikes, and  by  one  or  two  men  at  each  end  of  every  hand- 


38  HISTORY    OP    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

spike,  carried  to  the  heap.  Logs  too  heavy  to  be  carried, 
were  hauled  to  the  heap  by  a  team  and  log  chain,  and  rolled 
Tip  on  the  pile  on  skids,  handspikes  being  generally  of  suffi- 
cient strength  for  this  purpose.  The  heaps  were  then  burned, 
and  the  ground  was  ready  for  tillage. 

An  old  settler  briefly  describes  the  manner  of  clearing 
land,  as  follows  :  ""Where  the  timber  was  mostly  beech  and 
sugar-tree,  the  common  way  was  to  grub  the  spice  and  other 
bushes,  and  pile  them  around  the  large  trees,  and  cut  up  the 
old  dead  logs.  All  the  trees  under  18  or  20  inches  in  diam- 
eter were  then  cut  down,  and  large  brush  heaps  made  around 
all  the  rest.  The  brush,  when  dry,  were  burned,  scorching 
the  trees  some  15  or  20  feet  high,  and  killing  them  sooner 
than  if  they  had  been  girdled  with  an  ax.  Thus  most  of  the 
first  fields  cleared  were  left  with  many  dead  trees.  Oak, 
poplar,  and  walnut  trees  would  stand  many  years ;  but  the 
beech  and  sugar  maple  would  begin  to  fall  about  the  third 
year;  and  the  field  must  be  cleared  a  second  time  by  taking 
otf  the  dead  timber.  After  a  few  years,  the  trees  were  dead- 
ened by  hacking  them  round  [girdling]  before  the  land  was 
cleared,  and  all  taken  off  at  once.  This  was  the  easier  way; 
but  the  first  settlers  could  not  wait  for  the  trees  to  decay 
when  they  cleared  their  first  fields," 

Another  mode  of  clearing,  confined  chiefly  to  the  removal 
of  the  deadened  timber,  may  be  mentioned.  Trees  that  did 
not  fall  were  cut  down.  Instead  of  chopping  their  bodies  into 
pieces,  a  mode  was  adopted  requiring  less  strain  of  muscle.  It 
was  called  "niggering."  The  smaller  logs  or  broken  limbs 
and  other  rubbish,  were  thrown  across  the  fallen  trees;  and 
fire  was  applied  to  them.  Ouce  a  day,  or  oftener,  it  would  be 
necessary  for  a  man  to  revisit  his  field  to  rebuild  or  renew  his 
fires;  or,  to  use  a  common  phrase,  to  "  right  up  my  niggers." 
How  this  use  of  that  word  originated,  is  mere  matter  of  con- 
jecture. It  has  been  suggested  that,  as  many  of  the  early 
settlers  came  from  states  where  labor  was  performed  for  men 
by  the  power  of  muscle  other  than  their  own,  they  naturally 
associated  the  agency  employed  in  this  process,  with  the  servile 
labor  of  the  South. 

In  some  of  the  states,  deadening  or  girdling  is  not  practiced. 


FARE  OF  THE  EARLY  SETTLERS.  39 

All  the  timber  is  cut  down  at  once,  chopped  into  logs,  and  the 
ground  cleared  and  planted  or  sown  the  same  year,  if  the  crop 
is  so  soon  desired. 

We  subjoin  the  following  from  a  letter  received  from  an  old 
settler  past  fourscore :  "The  principal  business  in  those  days 
was  the  clearing  of  land,  making  fences,  &c.  Those  who 
hired  their  land  cleared,  would  pay  by  the  acre  for  cutting  the 
timber,  taking  all  that  was  'a  foot  or  under,'  or  'eighteen 
inches  or  under,'  as  the  contract  might  be,  and  get  it  ready 
for  rolling.  He  that  could  clear  an  acre  the  quickest,  and  cut 
and  split  the  most  rails  in  a  day,  was  accounted  the  most  hon- 
orable. Another  test  of  a  man's  standing  in  the  estimation  of 
his  fellow-men,  was  the  choice  made  at  log-rollings.  It  was 
common  to  choose  two  captains,  who  would  divide  the  ground 
containing  the  logs  to  be  rolled,  one  taking  the  choice  of 
hands,  the  other  the  choice  of  the  ground.  The  men  would 
then  stand  in  a  ring  fair  to  be  seen,  when  the  captains  would 
proceed  to  choose,  turn  about;  the  first  chosen  was  the  most 
honorable ;  the  last  chosen,  the  reverse." 

Fare  of  the  Early  Settlers;   Bread  and  other  Provisions. 

Not  the  least  of  the  hardships  of  the  pioneers  was  the  pro- 
curing of  bread.  The  first  settlers  must  be  su[iplied  at  least 
one  year,  sometimes  longer,  from  other  sources  than  their  own 
lands.  Many  who  settled  in  the  eastern  part  of  this  county, 
were  obliged,  for  several  years,  to  make  a  two  or  three  days' 
journey  to  Ohio,  going  and  returning,  for  their  grain  and  meal. 
And  after  they  had  raised  grain  for  themseleves,  they  had  to 
get  grinding  done  there,  until  mills  were  built  here.  Thomas 
Bulla,  already  mentioned  as  a  settler  four  miles  south-east  of 
Richmond,  in  a  "Pioneer  Sketch,"  in  the  Richmond  Palladium 
of  March  13,  1856,  says  he  took  a  grist  of  his  first  crop  of 
corn  to  Bruce's  mill  near  Eaton,  O.,  12  miles.  Having  hi'en 
badly  frost-bitten,  it  was  found  unfit  for  bread,  and  was  fed  to 
his  cow.  Having  no  money  to  buy  witli,  he  went  to  his  fiither- 
in-law  in  Ohio,  and  got  nine  bushels  of  corn,  for  which  he 
was  to  pay  when  able.  He  bought  of  his  brother  William 
2J  bushels  of  wheat  which  was   all   he  had  the  first  year. 


40  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Settlers  had  to  pack  all  their  grain  from  the  settlements  in 
Ohio  on  horseback,  until  the}^  raised  a  supply  at  home. 

Jeremiah  Cox,  son  of  the  elder  Jeremiah,  gives  an  account 
of  packing  grain  from  Ohio,  in  substance  as  follows:  His 
father  brought  some  breadstuff  with  him  from  the  Miami 
country.  This,  wdth  the  corn  he  bought  with  his  land  from 
Woodkirk,  carried  him  through  the  first  winter.  The  corn 
was  ground  with  an  iron  hand-mill  they  had  brought  with 
them.  It  was  constructed  on  the  principle  of  a  coffee-mill, 
but  was  much  larger,  and  was  propelled  by  two  cranks;  and 
he  says :  "  It  was  believed  that  it  never  ground  the  meal  too  fine." 

The  neighbors  joined  the  next  season  in  blazing  out  a  bridle 
way  to  Stillwater,  O.,  for  the  purpose  of  packing  breadstuff 
from  there  on  horseback,  and  Jerry,  the  son,  and  one  or  two 
others,  made  one  or  two  trips  in  that  way.  But  his  father 
thought  this  too  slow  a  way  to  supply  his  large  family  with 
bread,  and  conceived  the  idea  of  sending  wagons  through  on 
the  "  Quaker  trace,"  as  it  was  called.  Jerry  took  his  father's 
small  four-w^heeled  wagon ;  and  the  two  fore  wheels  of  their 
large  wagon  were  "  rigged  up  "  for  his  uncle  James  Morrisson. 
Thus  equipped,  with  an  ax  and  three  or  four  days'  provisions, 
they  set  out  on  their  journey.  After  a  tedious  drive  over 
weeds,  chunks,  logs,  and  saplings,  they  reached  ^their  place  of 
destination.  They  procured  their  lading  of  good,  sound  corn  ; 
but,  to  their  great  disappointment,  they  were  unable  to  get  it 
ground  without  staying  longer  than  was  deemed  expedient ; 
and  they  accordingly  started  homeward. 

Having  heard  that  there  aws  a  water  mill  at  ]^ew  Lexington, 
and  that  there  was  a  road  cut  out  from  Dayton  to  Eaton  by  way 
of  l!few  Lexington  ;  and  Cox  dreading  the  grinding  of  so  much 
hard  corn  by  hand,  he  insisted  on  getting  it  ground  before 
they  returned;  to  which  his  uncle  Morrisson  very  reluctantly 
assented.  They  traveled  from  place  to  place,  winding,  back- 
ing, and  turning,  to  almost  every  point  of  the  compass,  until 
they  found  the  looked-for  Dayton  road.  Traveling  along  iu 
cheerful  mood,  they  met  a  man  who  told  them  they  presently 
would  come  to  an  old  "  hurricane,"  through  which  there  was 
only  a  bridle  way,  and  there  was  no  possible  way  round. 
[The  reader  perhaps  understands,  that  the  word  hurricane  is 


FARE  OF  THE  EARLY  SETTLERS.       .       41 

here  used  to  signify  a  thick  second  growth  of  small  timber,  and 
not  the  storm  itself,  by  which  the  earlier  growth  had  been  pros- 
trated.] The  hurricane  was  soon  reached,  the  saplings  stand- 
ing thick  on  the  ground.  They  went  vigorously  to  work,  and 
cut  their  way  through,  a  half  mile  or  more.  It  was  near 
sunset;  and  soon  coming  to  a  house,  they  put  up  for  the  night. 

Early  the  next  morning  they  were  on  their  way — reached 
Nesbit's  mill  at  Lexington — got  their  corn  ground,  and 
started  for  home.  But  before  they  had  got  to  Eaton,  they 
sunk  into  a  slough,  which.  Cox  says,  answered  the  descrip- 
tion Bunyan  gives  of  the  "slough  of  despond."  They  could 
extricate  themselves  only  by  unloading  their  w^agons,  and 
carrying  their  sacks  of  meal  on  their  backs  through  the 
swamp  to  firm  ground.  To  do  so.  Cox  took  off  his  shoes 
and  laid  them  on  a  log.  After  a  good  deal  of  splashing  in 
the  mud,  they  got  their  wagons  out ;  but,  like  the  poor 
"  pilgrim,"  they  were  much  "  bedaubed  wdth  the  filth  of  the 
slough."  They  reloaded  their  wagons  and  started  on  their 
way.  But  in  the  hurry  and  confusion  of  the  moment,  Cox 
forgot  his  shoes,  and  never  heard  from  them  afterward. 
Without  any  further  difficulty,  they  safely  reached  home 
with  a  good  supply  of  w^ell-ground  meal,  w^hich  was  a  luxury 
indeed  to  the  family,  after  having  been  fed  for  some  time  on 
meal  none  too  fine,  and  from  corn  not  sound.  They  had 
overstaid  their  time  about  tAvo  days.  Many  other  cases 
might  be  given,  showing  the  difficulty  in  obtaining  this 
indispensable  article  of  food. 

But  the  first  crops  of  the  earliest  settlers,  however  abun- 
dant, gave  only  partial  relief.  There  were  no  mills  to  grind 
the  grain.  Hence  the  necessity  of  grinding  by  hand  power, 
as  in  the  case  mentioned  by  Cox.  Few  families,  however,  it 
is  presumed,  were  even  thus  poorly  provided  with  the  means 
of  cracking  their  bread  corn. 

Ano  her  way  was  to  (jrate  the  corn.  A  grater  was  made 
of  a  piece  of  tin,  sometimes  taken  from  an  old  worn  out  tin 
bucket  or  other  vessel.  It  was  thickly  perforated,  bent  into 
a  semi- circular  form,  and  nailed,  rough  ^ide  upward,  on  a 
board.  The  corn  was  taken  in  the  ear,  and  grated  before  it 
had  become  quite  dry  and  hard. 


42  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

As  early,  however,  as  the  fall  of  1807,  Charles  Hunt  started 
a  mill  on  the  Elkhorn,  a  mile  above  its  mouth,  which  did 
grinding  for  the  people  in  the  vicinity  of  Richmond,  until 
Jeremiah  Cox  built  his  mill  near  the  present  site  of  Jackson, 
Swaine  and  Dunn's  Woolen  Mills,  below  the  JSTatioual  Bridge. 
This,  like  Hunt's,  was  a  tub-mill.  The  stones  w^ere  2|  feet 
in  diameter,  and  ground  2  bushels  in  an  hour.  Wm.  Bulla 
built  the  next  mill  a  short  distance  north  of  Richmond. 
These  mills  were  covered  by  planting  in  the  ground  stout 
poles  with  forks  at  the  upper  ends,  in  which  were  laid  poles 
to  support  the  roof,  which  was  made  of  split  clapboards, 
after  the  manner  of  covering  log  cabins.  "  This,"  says  Jerry 
Cox,  "  sheltered  the  hopper  and  the  meal  trough  pretty  well, 
lohen  the  wind  did  n't  blow"  A  few  months  after  Bulla's  mill 
was  built.  Cox  built  one  himself  where  he  now  lives,  six 
miles  north  of  Richmond.  This  he  sheltered  with  a  log 
house  similar  to  a  log  cabin,  20  feet  square,  covered  with  a 
cabin  roof  in  the  usual  style.  In  a  favorable  stage  of  water, 
this  mill  would  grind  two  bushels  of  frost-bitten  corn  in  an 
hour.  He  judges  the  three  last  mentioned  mills  to  have 
cost,  in  the  aggregate,  about  $500. 

Corn  was  eaten  in  various  ways.  The  earliest  mode  of 
baking,  (cast  iron  ware  being  scarce,)  was  to  put  the  dough 
on  a  smooth  board,  two  feet  long  and  six  or  eight  inches 
wide,  placed  on  the  hearth  slanting  toward  the  fire.  When 
the  upper  side  was  baked,  the  bread  was  turned  over  for 
baking  the  other  side.  When  lard  was  plenty,  the  bread 
was  well  shortened,  and  called  johnny-cake.  Some  baked  in 
a  Dutch  oven,  when  that  article  could  be  obtained.  Some- 
times the  dough  was  made  into  lumps,  which,  when  baked, 
were  called  corn-dodgers.  Others  raised  the  dough  with  yeast, 
and  baked  it  in  a  Dutch  oven.  This  was  called  pone,  and 
was  a  decided  improvement.  Mush,  or  hasty-pudding,  eaten 
in  milk,  was  then  a  common  article  of  diet,  especially  for 
supper.  In  its  green  state,  corn  was  boiled  in  the  ear,  and 
sometimes  roasted  before  the  fire.  Before  there  were  mills 
near  to  grind  the  corn,  hominy  was  much  used  as  a  substitute 
for  bread.  The  corn  was  soaked  in  lye  made  from  ashes  to 
loosen  the  skin,  and  then  pounded  in  a  wooden  mortar  with 


FARE    OF    THE    EARLY    SETTLERS.  43 

a  wooden  pestle  till  the  skin  was  peeled  off.  This  was  called 
lye  hominy.  This  mortar  is  said  to  have  heen  a  piece  of  a 
solid,  dry  log,  in  one  end  of  which  was  burned  a  cavity  or 
hollow  of  sufficient  depth  to  hold  the  corn, 

A  story  is  told  of  an  old  settler  who  had  on  his  farm  a 
small  stream  with  a  considerable  fall,  on  which  he  placed  a 
water-wheel,  to  which  he  attached  a  contrivance  for  raising 
a  heavy  piece  of  timber  and  dropping  it  into  the  mortar 
holding  the  corn.  Tradition  (not  always  reliable  authority) 
says  this  mill  one  day  played  havoc  with  its  owner's  sheep. 
Leaving  the  mill  at  work  during  a  short  absence,  his  sheep, 
putting  their  heads  into  the  mortar  to  eat  corn,  were  struck 
on  their  heads  by  the  pestle,  and  several  of  them  killed. 

Oar  aged  friend  Cox,  among  the  numerous  incidents  he  has 
furnislied  us  of  "life  in  the  woods,"  gives  the  following  "bill 
of  fare"  of  the  settlers.  It  differs  less  in  the  number  than  in 
the  kinds  and  quality  of  the  articles  in  the  lists  on  the  tables 
of  our  best  modern  hotels: 

"  AYe  had  our  large  hominy  and  small  hominy,  large  pone, 
johnny-cake,  hoe-cake,  and  dodgers,  boiled  dumplings,  and 
fried  cakes,  all  made  of  corn  meal.  Of  meats  we  had  hog's 
meat,  venison,  opossums,  raccoons,  and  squirrels.  Of  fowls 
we  had  wild  turkeys,  pheasants,  wild  pigeons  and  ducks,  all  of 
which  were  cooked  in  divers  ways  to  suit  the  taste,  or  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  customs  of  the  times.  There  were  in  use 
several  kinds  of  coffee ;  as,  bread  coffee,  crust  coffee,  meal  cof- 
fee, potato  coffee,  and,  after  wheat  was  raised,  wheat  and  flour 
coffee.  Those  who  used  the  imported  had  to  paj^  33  to  50 
cents  a  pound.  In  the  spring  we  had  many  kinds  of  wild 
weeds  boiled  for  greens  to  eat  with  our  meat.  And  for  dain- 
ties on  particular  occasions,  as  weddings,  quiltings,  house  rais- 
ings, and  log  rollings,  we  had  custards  and  firmities  [boiled 
wheat],  with  milk  stirred  in  and  sweetened  to  taste.  "With 
maple  sugar,  this  was  deemed  quite  u  dainty.  For  tea,  we  had 
sassafras,  spicewood,  beech  leaf,  sycamore  chips,  etc.  In  the 
summer  and  fall  we  had  Irish  potatoes;  for  fall  and  winter  use, 
pum})kiiis  and  turnips  in  abundance.  The  pumpkins  were 
dried  for  winter  use,  by  cutting  them  in   rings  and  placing 


44  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

them  on  poles,  and  hanging  them  on  the  joist  in  front  of  the 
fireplace. 

"My  father  contracted  with  Ewell  Kendall  for  several 
bushels  of  wheat,  the  first  I  knew  of  being  raised  on  White- 
water. I  do  not  remember  the  price  paid  for  it.  I  was 
sent  for  it,  and  recollect  George  Holman's  being  present  and 
remarking  to  Kendall,  that  he  was  "  a  money-making  man." 
This  wheat  we  ground  in  our  hand-mill,  and  sifted  the  flour 
through  a  meal  sieve  of  horse  hair.  Out  of  this  flour  we  had 
many  excellent  breakfasts." 

Corn  was  the  principal  grain  crop  of  the  settlers.  The  soil 
was  adapted  to  its  production,  and  the  yield  was  abundant. 
Yet  the  farmers  found  one  serious  difiiculty  in  its  cultivation. 
Vast  injury  was  done  to  cornfields  by  birds  and  quadrupeds, 
both  by  picking  up  the  seed  and  taking  the  grain  from  the  ear. 
Farmers,  sometimes,  unaware  of  the  secret  working  of  these 
little  depredators,  found  their  planted  seed  corn  nearly  all 
picked  up  by  crows  and  squirrels.  Blackbirds,  in  large  flocks, 
would  light  upon  the  ears  before  the  grain  was  hard,  and  in- 
jure it  badly.  And  in  the  fall  the  squirrels  and  raccoons 
would  diligently  carry  on  the  work  of  devastation.  Squirrel 
hunts  were  frequent,  and  prizes  awarded  to  those  who  killed 
the  greatest  number.  These  hunts  were  often  got  up  in  the 
spring  to  protect  the  planted  cornfields.  A  subscription  paper 
was  circulated,  and  subscriptions  were  taken  payable  in  corn 
to  be  distributed  as  prizes  among  the  hunters.  On  the  day  set 
for  counting  the  scalps,  the  men  and  boys  of  the  neighborhood 
would  attend,  eager  to  learn  the  result.  Some  of  these  hunt- 
ers, it  is  presumed,  were  stimulated  no  less  by  the  expectation 
of  a  "good  time"  and  the  honor  of  being  the  best  hunter,  than 
by  the  prizes  ofiered. 

Native  Pastures ;   Wood  Ranges ;  Hog  Hunts. 

The  wild  grass  and  other  herbage  with  which  the  woods 
abounded,  made  them  for  several  years  good  pasture  grounds. 
Horses  and  cattle  were  "belled"  early  in  the  spring  and 
turned  into  the  woods.  Horses  were  hunted  when  wanted  to 
work,  and  cows  at  milking  time.  The  concert  of  half  a  score 
of  bells  and  the  songs  of  an  equal  number  of  the  various 


NATIVE    PASTURES,    ETC.  45 

feathered  tribes,  furnished  no  mean  entertainment  to  those 
whose  musical  tastes  had  not  been  formed  by  the  artistic  per- 
formances of  modern  trained  melodists.  Hunting  the  cows  was 
a  part  of  the  daily  labor  of  every  family ;  and  it  was  done  by 
boys  if  there  were  in  the  family  any  old  enough  to  go  without 
getting  lost,  or  were  able  to  carry  the  rifle;  for  it  was  not 
safe  to  go  far  without  this  weapon  of  defense.  A  boy  by  the 
name  of  Wm.  Kaines,  whose  father  had  settled  a  few  miles 
from  where  Cambridge  City  now"  is,  was  one  of  these  cow- 
hunters  for  the  family.  Starting  as  usual,  just  before  night, 
and  havine:  gone  about  half  a  mile,  he  heard  a  noise  behind 
him,  and,  looking  back,  saw  tw^o  wolves  on  his  track.  He 
drew  up  his  rifle  and  tired,  wheeled,  and  ran  home  for  help. 
On  returning  to  the  place,  one  of  the  w^olves  was  found  dead 
with  a  bullet  hole  in  his  head. 

The  woods  were  valuable  also  for  the  meat  they  furnished. 
While  the  clearings  were  yet  small  and  corn  was  scarce,  the 
tbrest  furnished  subsistence  for  hogs,  which  would  often  fatten 
on  beech  nuts,  hickory  nuts,  and  acorns.  But  running  in  the 
woods,  they  soon  became  wild,  and  when  wanted  for  meat, 
were  not  easily  taken.  Some  would  escape  for  years,  until 
tlieir  tusks  had  grown  to  nearly  the  length  of  a  man's  finger. 
These  old  hogs  w^ere  formidable  resistauts  to  their  pursuers. 
In  defending  the  younger  ones  of  the  gang  when  seized  by  a 
dog,  they  have  been  known  to  spring  at  the  dog,  and  rip  out 
his  entrails  with  one  flirt  of  the  snout.  Men  without  guns  to 
defend  themselves,  have  been  compelled  to  climb  trees  to  avoid 
their  attacks.  I^eighbors  joined  at  killing  time  to  hunt  their 
hogs  with  dogs  and  guns.  Their  hope  of  success  depended 
chiefly  upon  first  shooting  the  old  ones. 

An  old  settler,  [H.  C.  T.,]  says  he  was  one  of  about  a  dozen 
who  went  on  one  of  these  hog-hunting  expeditions.  Being  told 
that  the  hogs  were  young,  and  that  only  dogs  and  knives  were 
needed,  all  went  without  guns,  except  one,  a  weakly  man,  who, 
being  unable  to  run,  fortunately,  as  it  proved,  took  his  rifle. 
After  an  hour's  hunt,  the  hogs  were  discovered  and  overtaken. 
Being  stopped  by  the  dogs,  they  huddled  together  with  their 
noses  out,  ready  for  a  fight.  Two  were  caught  by  the  dogs, 
and  knifed;  after  which,  an  old  hog,  w^hich  was  among  them. 


46  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

would,  when  the  dogs  caught  a  hog,  fight  them  off",  until  he 
was  shot  by  the  man  carrying  the  rifle.  After  a  chase  of  about 
three  miles,  the  last  hog  was  captured. 

The  forest  was  also  of  no  small  value  as  a  hunting  ground 
for  deer  and  other  game.  Deer  hunting  in  the  winter  was  a 
common  business.  Much  of  the  meat  of  deer  was  sometimes 
lost.  The  hunter,  if  alone  and  far  from  home,  would  shoulder 
the  more  valuable  part — the  hams  and  the  skin — and  leave  the 
rest  for  the  wolves,  or,  as  was  sometimes  done,  hung  up  to  a 
sapling  or  a  large  limb  of  a  tree,  which  had  perhaps  been  bent 
down  for  the  purpose,  and  which,  springing  back,  would  raise 
the  meat  beyond  the  reach  of  the  wolves.  Having  delivered 
his  first  load  at  his  cabin, he  would  return,  though  perhaps  not 
the  same  day — conducted  to  the  spot  by  his  tracks  in  the  snow, 
and  bring  home  the  remainder.  If  two  hunters  were  in  com- 
pany, the  legs  of  a  deer  would  be  tied  to  a  pole,  and  the 
animal  carried  awa}^  each  hunter  taking  an  end  of  the  pole  on 
his  shoulder. 

But  the  principal  meat  of  the  early  settlers  did  not  long  con- 
sist of  game.  Pork  and  poultry  were  soon  raised  in  abund- 
ance. The  common  fowl  furnished  both  meat  and  eggs. 
Geese,  though  sometimes  eaten,  were  raised  chiefly  for  their 
feathers,  with  which  the  settlers  replenished  their  old  bed-ticks 
and  filled  their  new  ones.  Doubtless,  many  still  repose  on 
beds  made  by  their  mothers  or  grandmothers  more  than  half  a 
century  ago. 

Wild  Animals. 

The  wild  animals  inhabiting  this  region  at  the  time  of  its 
settlement,  were  the  deer,  wolf,  bear,  wild  cat,  fox,  otter, 
porcupine  or  hedge  hog,  raccoon,  woodchuck  or  ground  hog, 
skunk,  mink,  muskrat,  opossum,  rabbit,  weasel,  and  squirrel. 
Several  of  these  animals  furnished  the  early  settlers  with 
meat,  but  chiefly  the  deer.  None  were  much  feared  except 
the  bear  and  the  wolf.  The  former  was  the  most  dangerous 
to  meet;  the  latter  the  more  destructive  to  X->roperty.  The 
bear  is  generally  ready  to  attack  a  person  ;  the  wolf  seldom 
does  so  unless  impelled  by  hunger,  or  in  defense.  For  many 
years  it  was  difficult  to  protect  sheep  from  the  ravages  of  the 
wolves.     They  had  to  be  penned  every  night.     Many  were 


WILD    ANIMALS.  47 

destroyed  even  in  the  day  time  near  the  house.  It  is  the 
nature  of  the  wolf  to  seize  a  sheep  by  the  throat  and  suck 
its  blood,  and  leave  the  carcase  as  food  for  other  carniverous 
animals ;  provided  the  number  of  sheep  was  sufficient  thus 
to  satisfy  the  hunger  of  their  destroyer.  Pigs  and  calves 
also  were  sometimes  victims  to  these  pests  of  the  early 
settlers.  Their  howlings  in  the  night  would  often  keep 
families  awake,  and  set  all  the  dogs  in  the  neighborhood  to 
barking.  Their  yells  were  often  terrific.  Says  an  old  settler  : 
"  Suppose  six  boys  having  six  dogs  tied,  and  whipping  them 
all  at  the  same  time,  and  you  would  hear  such  a  noise  as  two 
wolves  would  make." 

To  effect  the  destruction  of  these  animals,  the  county 
authorities  offered  bounties  for  their  scalps.  The  accounts 
of  county  expenditures  for  many  years  show  the  payment  of 
wolf  bounties.  But  as  wolves  hunt  in  the  night,  when  they 
can  not  be  shot,  they  were  more  frequently  caught  in  traps, 
which  were  made  in  divers  ways.  One  kind  was  the  "  dead 
fall."  Another  was  a  small  pen  made  of  small  logs  or  heavy 
poles,  about  6  or  7  feet  high,  and  narrowed  at  the  top.  Into 
this  pen  a  bait  was  thrown.  A  wolf  could  easily  enter  it  at 
the  top,  but  was  unable  to  get  out.  This  is  the  kind  in 
which  Robert  Morrisson  "trapped"  wolves  when  he  lived  in 
the  woods  above  Middleborough.  Jeremiah  Cox,  Jun.,  or 
"Young  Jerry,"  as  he  was  then  familiarly  called,  having 
spoken  of  an  unsuccessful  search  of  raccoon  tracks  in  the 
woods  after  a  fall  of  snow,  in  company  with  his  uncle  Mor- 
risson, and  another  uncle,  John  Turner,  says  :  "  ~\Ve  returned 
homeward  by  way  of  uncle  Morrisson's  wolf  traps,  which 
were  on  the  Ohio  side.  In  one  of  these  traps  was  a  large 
black  wolf.  Uncle  Morrisson  began  to  devise  ways  and 
means  of  tying  up  its  mouth  and  hamstringing  its  hind  legs, 
and  of  taking  it  home  to  fight  with  his  dogs,  for  sport. 
'Blood!'  said  uncle  Turner,  'let  us  kill  the  ratched  varmint,' 
at  the  same  instant  striking  the  wolf  with  the  sharp  edge  of 
his  ax  through  a  crack  of  the  trap,  which  bled  the  animal 
to  death  in  a  few  minutes,  thus  putting  an  end  to  uncle 
Morrisson's  anticipations  of  sport.  But  some  time  afterward 
he  trapped  another,  which  he  succeeded  in  capturing.  ;\nd 


48  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

had  the  sport.  But  he  found  the  wolf  a  match  for  all  the 
dogs  that  attacked  it."  The  scalps  of  "these  two  wolveS  were 
probably  the  ones  for  which  he  once  drew  from  the  county 
treasury  $3. 

Another  kind  of  trap  was  made  of  split  logs,  about  6  feet 
long,  4  feet  wide,  and  3  feet  high,  with  a  heavy  lid  sufficiently 
raised  to  let  the  wolf  in.  Jumping  in  to  get  the  bait,  he 
would  spring  the  triggers ;  the  lid  would  fall,  and  confine 
him  until  he  could  Le  ijhot. 

Another  was  the  steel  trap,  with  jaws  a  foot  ,or  more  in 
length.  The  clamps  were  notched  like  a  cross-cut  saw;  and 
there  Avas  a  stiff  spring  each  side.  Attached  to  the  trap  was 
a  chain  with  hooks,  not  to  fasten  it,  but  to  make  it  difficult 
for  the  wolf  to  drag  it.  Caught,  as  he  probably  would  be, 
by  the  fore  leg  while  trying  to  paw  out  the  bait,  if  the  trap 
were  made  fast,  he  would  gnaw  ofi'  his  leg  and  be  gone. 
Ishmael  Bunch,  an  old  hunter,  who  settled  early  half  a  mile 
east  of  Whitewater,  [lately  Hillsboro',]  had  a  trap  of  this 
kind  set  a  few  miles  east  of  tlie  Ohio  line  at  a  place  called 
"  fallen  timber,"  which  was  a  great  resort  for  wolves.  He 
went  with  his  son  "Dick,"  a  youth  of  seventeen,  to  see  the 
trap,  but  it  was  gone.  Following  the  trail,  they  overtook 
the  wolf  on  a  side  hill  on  the  bank  of  East  Fork.  "  ISTow, 
Dick,"  said  Bunch,  "  I  'ntend  to  kill  that  ar  wolf  with  my 
tom'hawk."  Dick  set  down  his  gun  and  stood  to  see  the 
wolf  killed.  His  fore  leg  was  in  the  trap,  his  long  white 
teeth  shining,  and  the  dogs  shying  around.  The  old  man 
aimed  a  heavy  blow  at  the  wolf's  head.  The  wolf  dodged, 
and  was  not  touched.  But  such  was  the  momentum  pro- 
duced by  the  stroke,  as  to  whirl  the  old  man  round ;  and  he 
fell  near  the  wolf.  Being  snapped  at  by  the  wolf,  he  made 
such  an  eflbrt  to  spring  away,  that  he  soon  found  himself  on 
"all  fours"  over  the  brow  of  the  hill;  and,  unable  to  stop 
himself,  (being  a  heavy  man,)  he  bounded  along  to  the  bot- 
tom. He  soon  returned,  however,  more  scared  than  hurt, 
and  ordered  Dick  to  shoot  the  wolf.  The  boy,  convulsed 
with  laughter,  found  the  task  a  difficult  one. 

Wolves  were  sometimes  accused  of  deeds  committed  by 
do«'s.     The  followins:  is  a  case :  Dr.  John  Thomas,  residino- 


EARLY    COOKING.  49 

where  his  grandson  Ilemy  W.  Thomas  now  Hves,  in  the 
township  of  Franklin,  was  called  on  one  morning  hy  a 
neighhor  who  accused  his  dogs  of  having  killed  most  of  his 
sheep,  and  threatened  to  shoot  them  in  his  presence.  The 
doctor,  loth  to  part  with  his  favorite  dogs,  remonstrated 
against  so  hasty  redress.  But  the  neighhor,  determined  to 
carry  his  purpose  into  eifect,  was  about  to  shoot,  when  the 
doctor  prevailed  on  him  to  hold  on  till  he  could  ascertain 
whether  or  not  the  dogs  had  eaten  mutton.  Having  faith  in 
emetics,  he  administered  one  on  bread  to  each  of  the  dogs. 
The  eti'ect  was  a  copious  discharge  of  mutton  and  wool. 
"Wm.  Addleman,  an  old  resident  of  Franklin,  confirms  the 
facts  above  stated,  and  says  he  has  seen  the  same  eifect  pro- 
duced by  suspending  the  dog  by  his  hind  legs.  After  a  brief 
struggle  with  his  head  down,  the  contents  of  the  stomach 
were  discharged. 

Anions:  the  native  animals  of  the  forest  which  have  long- 
since  disappeared,  was  the  porcupine,  familiarly  called  hedge 
hog.  It  was  nearly  as  large  as  a  raccoon,  had  a  round  head, 
and  was  covered  all  over  with  quills  from  an  inch  to  two 
inches  long,  and  as  hard  and  as  sharp  as  a  needle.  It  was  a. 
terror  to  dogs.  Young  dogs,  not  knowing  the  consequence, 
would  seize  the  animal,  and  get  its  quills  stuck  into  their 
mouths.  It  could  also,  with  its  tail,  switch  the  quills  into  the 
sides  of  a  dog  or  other  animal.  It  is  the  nature  of  these  quills 
to  work  deeper  into  the  flesh,  and  kill  the  dogs  if  not  ex- 
tracted in  season,  which  was  usually  done  with  a  nippers.  A 
dog  once  stuck  with  quills,  would  not  touch  the  porcu[>ine. 

Early  Cooking. 

To  witness  the  various  processes  of  cooking  in  those  days, 
would  alike  surprise  and  amuse  those  who  have  grown  up  since 
cooking-stoves  came  into  use.  The  first  thing  likely  to  attract 
notice  was  the  wide  fire-place  before  described,  some  eight 
feet  in  the  clear.  Kettles  were  hung  over  the  fire,  to  a  strong 
pole  which  was  raised  so  high  above  the  fire  as  not  to  be  likely 
to  ignite  from  heat  or  sparks,  the  ends  being  fastened  into  the 
sides  of  the  chimney.  The  kettles  were  suspended  on  tram- 
mels, which  were  pieces  of  iron  rods,  with  hooks  at  both  ends. 


50  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

The  nppermo°t  one  extended  from  the  pole  nearly  down  to  the 
fire;  and  with  one  or  more  short  ones  the  kettles  were  brought 
to  their  proper  height  above  the  fire.  Before  iron  was  plenty, 
wooden  hooks  were  sometimes  used.  Being  directly  above 
the  kettles,  they  seldom  took  fire. 

The  long-handled  frying-pan  was  used  for  cooking  meat. 
It  was  held  on  the  fire  by  hand ;  or,  to  save  time,  the  handle 
was  sometimes  laid  across  the  back  of  a  chair  while  the  cook 
was  "  setting  the  table."  The  pan  was  also  used  for  baking 
short  cakes.  It  was  placed  in  a  nearly  perpendicular  posi- 
tion before  the  fire,  with  coals  under  or  behind  it  to  bake 
the  under  side.  A  more  convenient  article  was  a  cast-iron, 
short-handled,  three-legged  spider,  or  skillet,  which  was  set 
upon  coals  on  the  hearth.  Its  legs  were  so  adjusted  that 
when,  in  baking  cakes  or  biscuit,  it  was  turned  up  before  the 
fire,  it  kept  its  semi-vertical  position.  Some  of  these  skillets 
had  iron  covers,  on  which  coals  were  thrown  to  bake  the 
upper  side.  But  the  best  thing  for  baking  bread  was  the  flat- 
bottomed  bake-kettle,  of  greater  depth,  with  legs  and  a  closely 
fitted  cast-iron  cover,  more  commonly  called  Dutch  oven. 
With  coals  over  and  under  it,  bread  and  biscuit  were  quickly 
and  nicely  baked.  Turkeys  and  spare-ribs  were  sometimes 
roasted  before  the  fire,  suspended  by  a  string,  a  dish  -being 
placed  underneath  to  catch  the  drippings. 

Some  of  the  inconveniences  of  cooking  in  open  fire-places 
will  be  readily  imagined.  Women's  hair  was  sometimes  singed, 
their  hands  were  blistered,  and  their  dresses  scorched.  But 
frame  houses,  with  good  fire-places  of  brick  or  stone,  measur- 
ably relieved  our  mothers  and  grandmothers.  In  one  of  the 
jambs  was  fastened  an  iron  crane  which  extended  over  the  fire, 
and  could  be  drawn  forward  Avhen  kettles  were  to  be  put  on 
or  taken  ofl".  But  the  invention  of  cook-stoves  commenced  a 
new  era  in  the  mode  of  cooking;  and  none,  the  most  averse 
to  innovation,  have  indicated  a  desire  to  return  to  the  "  old 
way,"' which  will  hereafter  be  known  only  in  history. 


EARLY   TILLAGE.  51 

Early  Tillage. 

Agriculture  is  a  term  hardly  applicable  to  the  farming  of 
early  times.  The  implements  then  used  would,  in  this  age  of 
improvement,  be  great  curiosities.  Specimens  on  exhibition 
at  our  modern  fairs  would  attract  unusual  attention.  The 
plow  used  was  called  bar-share  plow.  The  iron  part  consisted 
of  a  bar  of  irou  about  two  feet  long,  and  a  broad  share  of  iron 
welded  to  it.  At  the  extreme  point  was  a  coulter  that  passed 
through  a  beam  six  or  seven  feet  long,  to  which  were  attached 
handles  of  corresponding  length.  The  mold-board  was  a 
wooden  one  split  out  of  winding  timber,  or  hewed  into  a  winding 
shape  in  order  to  turn  the  soil  over.  The  whole  length  of  the 
plow,  from  the  fore  end  of  the  beam  to  the  ends  of  the  handles, 
was  eight  or  ten  feet.  Xewly  cleared  ground  was,  with  this 
plow,  broken  up  with  great  difficulty.  From  the  tough  roots 
bent  forward  by  the  plow  and  springing  back,  the  plowman's 
legs  would  receive  many  a  hard  blow\  Some  used  on  new 
ground  only  a  shovel-plow,  similar  in  sliape  and  size  to  that  of 
the  present  day,  but  differing  in  workmanship. 

Sown  seed  w^as  "  bushed  in  "  by  a  sapling  with  a  bushy  top, 
or  by  a  bundle  of  brush  from  a  tree  top,  dragged,  butts  for- 
ward. As  soon,  however,  as  the  ground  would  admit,  the  tri- 
angular harrow,  or  drag  was  used.  This  instrument  was  made 
of  two  pieces  of  timber,  (hewed,  before  there  were  mills  to 
saw,)  about  five  inches  square,  and  about  six  feet  long,  an  end 
of  one  framed  into  one  end  of  the  other,  forming  an  acute 
angle,  and  kept  apart  by  a  shorter  piece  framed  into  the  others 
near  the  center ;  the  instrument  in  form  resembling  the  letter 
A.  The  teeth  were  of  double  the  weight  of  those  now  used, 
in  order  to  stand  the  violent  collision  with  the  roots  and 
stumps  over  and  among  which  they  were  to  be  drawn,  A 
harrow  was  sometimes  made  of  a  crotched  tree,  worked  down 
to  the  proper  size.  The  idea  of  a  cast-iron  plow  had  not  yet 
entered  the  brain  of  the  inventor,  Jethro  Wood,  of  Cayuga 
county,  N.  Y.  The  improvements  since  made  in  the  plow  and 
the  harrow,  the  invention  of  cultivators,  drills  for  sowing  and 
planting,  and  other  labor-saving  implements,  have  wonder- 


52  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

fully  changed  the  aspect  of  farming,  and  increased  incalculably 
the  power  of  production. 

In  harvesting  the  change  is  most  striking.  Before  the  decay 
and  removal  of  the  stumps  permitted  the  use  of  the  grain- 
cradle,  the  cutting  of  grain  was  mostly  done  with  the 
sickle,  not  at  all  used  now  for  its  original  purpose.  It  was 
then  a  staple  article  of  merchandise.  In  the  old  day-books 
and  journals  of  the  early  merchants,  if  they  could  be  found, 
might  be  seen  the  charge,  "  To  1  Sickle,"  under  the  names  of 
scores  of  customers,  followed,  in  many  cases,  by  that  other 
charge,  "  To  1  Gal.  Whisky,"  an  article  then  deemed  by  some 
as  necessary  in  harvesting  as  the  instrument  itself  The  cradle, 
which  superseded  the  sickle,  is  fast  giving  way — indeed,  has 
in  some  parts  of  the  country  already  given  way — to  the  reaper, 
an  instrument  then  not  more  likely  to  be  invented  than  the 
photographic  art,  or  the  means  of  hourly  communication  with 
the  inhabitants  on  the  opposite  side  of  the  globe.  Single  fields 
of  wheat  of  one  hundred  to  five  hundred  acres  each,  are  not 
rare  in  some  of  the  western  states.  Let  a  man  imagine  an  at- 
tempt to  cut  these  immense  fields  of  grain  by  handfuls  with 
the  sickle,  and  he  can  not  fail  to  appreciate  the  invention  of 
the  reaper. 

Grain  was  threshed  with  a  flail,  which,  in  its  rudest  form, 
was  made  of  a  hickory  sapling  about  two  inches  thick,  and 
seven  or  eight  feet  long.  About  two  feet  and  a  half  from  one 
end  it  was  Voasted  in  the  fire,  and  at  this  place  it  was  bruised 
or  beaten,  so  as  to  cause  it  to  bend.  With  this,  gi^ain  was  beaten 
out  on  the  ground,  if  there  was  no  barn  floor.  Another  way 
of  making  a  flail  was  to  tie  a  stick,  two  or  three  feet  long  and 
two  inches  thick,  to  one  end  of  a  staft'  of  the  size  and  length 
of  a  hoe  handle,  with  a  strong  cord  or  leather  string.  A  green 
hand,  with  this  instrument,  seldom  failed  of  getting  his  head 
hit  with  one  end  of  the  swingel.  There  were  no  fanning-mills 
to  separate  the  grain  from  the  chaft'.  ISTo  mill  peddler  had  yet 
ventured  so  far  west  as  Whitewater.  To  "  raise  the  wind,"  a 
linen  sheet  was  taken  from  the  bed,  and  held  at  the  corners  by 
two  men  ;  and  by  a  semi-rotary  motion  or  swinging  of  one 
side  of  the  sheet,  the  chafi'  was  driven  from  the  falling  grain, 
the  pure  wheat  lying  in  a  pile  ready  to  be  garnered,  or  placed 


EARLY    TILLAGE.  53 

under  the  bed  for  safe-keeping,  until  there  was  occasion  to 
take  it  to  mill.  The  tow-linen  sheet  was  at  length  superseded 
by  the  fanning-mill.  A  single  machine  now  receives  the 
sheaves,  and  delivers  the  cleaned  grain  at  the  rate  of  several 
hundred  bushels  a  day.  A  reaper  is  in  use  in  some  of  the 
western  states  which  carries  two  binders,  and  drops  along  its 
track  the  cut  grain  in  sheaves,  bound. 

In  hay  harvesting,  also,  improvements  would  seem  to  have 
reached  perfection.  A  lad  of  sufficient  age  to  drive  a  team, 
mows  from  fifty  to  one  hundred  acres  of  meadow  in  an  ordi- 
nary haying  season ;  and  the  hay  is  all  raked  during  the  same 
time  by  a  single  hand. 

An  old  settler,  who  has  furnished  the  writer  valuable  infor- 
mation on  several  subjects,  thus  describes  the  method  of  har- 
vesting and  cleaning  wheat,  supplying  some  slight  omissions 
in  the  description  already  given  : 

Wheat  was  cut  by  hand  with  reap-hooks,  [sickles,]  bound, 
and  put  into  shocks,  and  when  sufficiently  dried,  into  stacks. 
Before  the  farmer  had  a  good  barn  floor,  the  wheat  was 
threshed  on  the  ground  with  a  flail,  a  place  having  been  pre- 
pared by  beating  down  the  clay  with  a  maul.  To  separate  it 
from  the  chaff",  a  riddle,  [coarse  sieve,]  about  30  inches  in  di- 
ameter, was  made  by  bending  a  wooden  hoop  5  or  6  inches 
wide,  and  for  a  bottom,  weaving  splints  across  through  holes 
made  with  a  gimlet,  and  fastening  them  on  the  outside  of  the 
hoop.  [Hosea  C.  Tillson,  of  Bethel,  has  yet  in  his  possession 
a  riddle  of  this  kind  made  more  than  forty  years  ago.]  A  tow 
sheet  was  taken  to  make  wind.  This  was  done  by  two  men, 
each  taking  an  end,  and  whirling  it  over  quickly.  Another 
man  holding  up  and  shaking  the  riddle  full  of  wheat  in  the 
chaff,  the  wind  would  blow  the  chaff"  from  the  falling  wheat. 
About  ten  bushels  were  thus  cleaned  in  half  a  day.  After 
barns  were  built  vi^ith  floors,  wheat  was  tramped  out  by 
horses.  When  the  stubs  and  the  small  stumps  had  disap- 
peared, cradles  and  fanning-mills  came  into  use. 

Getting  grinding  done,  continues  our  friend,  was  for  several 
years  attended  with  difficulty.  The  settlers  in  the  north- 
eastern part  of  the  county  were  dependent  upon  mills  in  the 
vicinity  of  where  Richmond  now  is.     The  mill  afterward  built 


54  HISTORY    OF  WAYNE  COUNTY. 

by  Jeremiah  Cox,  Jnn.,  six  miles  north  of  Richmond,  afforded 
great  rehef  to  these  northern  settlers.  But,  like  other  early  and 
cheaply  constructed  mills,  it  could  not  serve  them  in  the  dry 
and  very  cold  seasons  of  the  year.  It  was  inclosed  in  a  log 
building,  and  had  two  runs  of  stones.  Having  no  elevators, 
the  miller,  when  the  wheat  was  ground,  had  to  carry  the  flour 
in  a  sack  up  to  the  bolting  chest.  This  mill  was  visited  from 
a  great  distance  by  men  and  boys  bringing  grain  on  horseback 
along  the  new  and  winding  paths  through  the  woods. 

The  settler  above  alluded  to  also  tells  of  a  hand-mill  that 
was  resorted  to  in  dry  and  cold  weather.  It  was  fixed  on  a 
square  frame  about  as  high  as  a  table.  In  the  upper  stone,  or 
runner,  was  a  hole  in  which  was  put  a  staiF,  the  upper  end  of 
which  passed  up  through  the  floor  overhead  into  the  loft. 
Two  persons  standing  opposite  each  other  and  taking  hold  of 
the  staff",  would  whirl  the  upper  stone  round  ;  one  of  them  feed- 
ing the  mill  by  throwing  in  the  grain  by  single  handfuls.  A 
few  mills  run  by  horse  power  were  built.  A  person  wanting 
grinding  done,  would  hitch  his  own  horses  to  the  mill.  The 
people  of  that  section  were  at  length  relieved  by  the  erection  of 
a  steam  grist-mill  at  Newport  Falls  in  1833.  A  small  mill  had 
been  built  on  Middle  Fork,  east  of  Bethel,  in  1829,  which  did 
much  grinding  when  water  was  plenty. 

While  by  the  invention  of  the  cultivator  and  other  labor- 
saving  implements,  the  power  and  facility  of  producing  corn 
has  been  greatly  increased,  in  the  harvesting  there  has  been 
comparatively  little  improvement.  To  this  operation  the  em- 
ployment of  machinery  would  seem  to  be  impracticable.  Dif- 
ferent modes  have  been  practiced  here.  In  the  fall,  while  yet 
in  a  greenish  state,  the  blades  were  stripped  from  the  stalks, 
bound  in  bundles,  and  housed  or  stacked  for  cattle  and  sheep 
in  winter.  Sometimes  the  stalks  with  the  leaves  on  were 
topped,  that  is,  cut  off  just  above  the  lower  end  of  the  ear ;  and 
these  tops  also  were  saved  for  fodder.  When  the  corn  was 
sufficiently  dry,  the  ears  were  pulled  from  the  stalks,  and 
hauled  into  the  log  barn,  or  to  the  side  of  a  rail  pen ;  the  rails 
having  been  notched  down  to  make  it  tight  enough  to  hold 
the  ears  when  husked.  The  cattle  were  then  turned  into  the 
field  to  feed  on  the  stalks  in  the  winter. 


HOME    MANUFACTURES.  55 

The  husking  was  performed  by  that  ancient — now  obsolete — 
institution  called  corn-husking,  in  which  the  neighbors,  old  and 
young,  were  invited  to  participate.  The  anticipation  of  a 
"  good  time  "  secured  a  general  attendance.  A  good  supper, 
which  several  of  the  "  neighbor  women  "  had  assisted  in  pre- 
paring, was  usually  served  at  eight  or  nine  o'clock.  The  "  old 
folks''  would  then  leave,  and  in  due  time  the  boys  would  gal- 
lant the  girls  to  their  homes.  The  recreation  afforded  to  the 
young  people  on  the  annual  recurrence  of  these  festive  occa- 
sions, was  as  highly  enjoyed  and  quite  as  innocent  as  most  of 
the  amusements  of  the  present  boasted  age  of  refinement. 

Home  llanufadures. 

After  a  brief  residence  at  their  new  homes,  the  settlers  found 
themselves  in  need  of  new  clothing,  which  some  of  them  were 
unable  to  purchase.  Even  the  few  who  had  money,  could  not 
supply  themselves  without  great  difliculty.  The  inhabitants  of 
Whitewater  were  yet  shut  out  from  the  commercial  world. 
The  nearest  market  town  Vv^as  Cincinnati ;  and  the  only  mode 
of  transportation  was  by  wagons  over  roads  almost  impassable 
most  of  the  year.  The  settlers  were  obliged  to  supply  them- 
selves chiefly  by  their  own  hands.  Farmers,  even  in  the  older 
states,  manufactured  their  own  cloth,  both  for  summer  and 
winter  wear. 

Flax  was  at  first  raised  chiefly  for  the  lint,  for  the  reason, 
probably,  that  the  seed  would  not  pay  for  its  transportation  to 
market.  When  the  seed  was  about  ripe,  the  flax  was  pulled 
up  by  the  roots,  and  spread  on  the  ground  to  rot.  The  rotting 
is  done  by  the  rains  and  the  dew.  It  does  not  impair  the 
strength  of  the  lint;  it  only  makes  the  straw  brittle,  that  it 
may  be  easily  separated  from  the  lint.  In  preparing  it  for 
spinning,  it  passes  through  the  several  processes  of  breaking, 
scutching,  or  swingling,  and  hackling,  or  hatcheling.  The  part 
combed  out  by  this  last  process,  is  called  toio.  It  was  made 
into  a  coarser  fabric,  for  men's  shirts  and  trowsers  for  common 
wear.  The  warp  of  this  tow  cloth  was  often — perhaps  geu- 
erall}^ — spun  from  the  fine  flax,  the  filling  alone  being  spun 
from  the  tow.     The  fine  linen  was  more  generally  worn  by 


56  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

women,  but  was  sometimes  made  into  men's  undergarments 
for  Sunday  wear. 

The  spinning  exercise  is  on^  which  few  of  the  present 
generation  of  our  girls  have  ever  enjoyed.  The  wheel  used 
for  spinning  flax' was  called  the  "little  wheel"  to  distinguish 
it  from  the  "big  wheel"  used  for  spinning  wool.  These 
"stringed  instruments"  furnished  the  principal  music  of,  the 
family,  and  were  operated  by  our  mothers  and  grandmothers 
with  great  skill,  attained  without  expense,  and  by  far  le,ss 
practice,  than  is  necessary  for  our  modern  dames  to  acquire 
a  skillful  use  of  their  elegant  and  costly  instruments.  They 
were  indispensable  household  articles  in  those  days ;  and, 
fortunately,  a  maker  of  them  was  among  the  early  settlers. 
This  wheelwright,  in  the  person  of  Daniel  Trimble,  was 
regarded  as  a  common  benefactor  to  the  inhabitants  for 
many  miles  round.  He  was  a  son-in-law  of  John  Smith. 
A  few  years  later  came  Wm.  Williams,  a  man  of  the  same 
craft,  and  equally  useful,  perhaps  more  so ;  for,  being  an 
esteemed  preacher  of  the  society  of  Friends,  after  six  days' 
labor  in  supplying  their  temporal  wants,  he  ministered  the 
next  day  to  their  spiritual  needs. 

The  loom  was  not  less  necessary  than  the  wheel.  N'ot 
every  house,  however,  in  which  spinning  was  done,  had  a 
loom.  But  there  were  always  some  who,  besides  doing  their 
own  weaving,  did  some  also  for  those  who  could  not  do  it  for 
themselves. 

"Woolen  cloth  also  was  a  household  manufacture.  Settlers 
having  succeeded  in  raising  some  sheep  despite  the  devouring 
wolves,  they  commenced  making  cloth.  The  shearing  of 
sheep  was  attended  with  trouble  and  delay,  as  that  indispen- 
sable article,  sheep-shears,  was  not  owned  by  every  farmer. 
One  sometimes  performed  the  circuit  of  a  neighborhood. 
There  being  at  first  no  carding  machines,  wool  was  carded 
and  made  into  short  rolls  with  hand-cards.  These  rolls  were 
spun  on  the  "big  wheel,"  which  may  still  be  seen  in  the 
houses  of  some  of  the  old  settlers,  being  occasionally  used 
for  spinning  and  twisting  stocking  yarn.  It  was  turned 
with  the  hand,  and  with  such  velocity  as  to  give  it  sufficient 
momentum  to  enable  the  nimble  mother,  by  her  backward 


HOME    MANUFACTURES.  57 

step,  to  draw  out  and  twist  her  thread  of  nearly  the  length 
of  the  cabin.  Woolen  cloth  was  woven  on  the  loom  used 
for  weaving  linen.  A  common  article  made  was  Unscij,  also 
called  linsey-woolsey,  of  which  the  warp  or  chain  was  linen, 
and  the  filling  woolen. 

Several  years  elapsed  before  fulled  cloth  was  made,  there 
being  no  fulling  mills  and  cloth-dressing  establishments. 
Flannel,  all  wool,  was  also  made,  and  worn  by  the  mothers 
and  daughters.  Flannel  for  women's  wear,  after  dye-stufis 
were  to  be  had,  was  dyed  such  color  as  the  wearers  fancied. 
It  was  sometimes  a  plaid  made  of  yarn  of  various  colors, 
home-dyed.  To  improve  their  appearance,  these  flannels 
were  sent  to  a  cloth-dressing  mill  for  a  slis-ht  dressins:,  which 
was  finished  by  a  powerful  pressing  between  large  sheets  of 
smooth  pasteboard,  to  give  it  a  glossy  surface. 

Long  after  the  country  had  passed  its  pioneer  state,  the 
farmers'  houses  continued  to  be  miniature  linen  and  woolen 
factories,  in  which  the  labor  was  chiefly  performed  by  the 
wife  and  mother  until  the  daughters  were  able  to  assist. 
Where  there  was  more  spinning  to  be  done  than  the  wife 
could  do  in  addition  to  her  housework,  and  where  the 
daughters  were  too  young  to  help,  spinsters  were  emplo3'ed 
to  come  into  families  to  spin  flax  and  tow  in  the  winter,  and 
wool  in  the  summer.  These  itinerant  spinsters  received  a 
"York  shilling"  [12J  cents]  a  day — the  day's  work  ending 
at  early  bed-time.  Some  will  be  surprised  when  told  that 
many  of  these  women  had  money  to  show  at  the  year's  end. 
It  was  to  some  extent  a  custom  to  count  a  certain  number 
of  "cuts"  of  yarn  as  a  day's  work.  This  had  a  tendency  to 
accelerate  the  motion  of  the  wheel,  and  lessen  the  hours  of 
labor.  These  small  earnings  would  not  go  far  toward  clothing 
Whitewater  farmers'  daughters  of  the  present  generation. 
Then  young  women  were  dressed  in  cloth  of  their  own 
manufacture,  except  the  calico  for  the  summer  Sunday  dress, 
six  yards  being  a  full  pattern  for  a  woman  of  ordinary  size. 

The  linen  made  in  families  was  not  all  worn  in  its  brown 
or  natural  color.  That  which  was  intended  for  certain  uses 
was  bleached.    It  was  spread  on  the  grass,  wet  by  sprinkling 


58  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

several  times  a  day,  and  dried  in  sunshine.  By  this  alternate 
wetting  and  drying,  it  was  soon  bleached  to  a  perfect  white. 

Much  dyeing,  too,  as  has  been  already  intimated,  was  done 
in  the  family.  Dye-woods  and  dye-stuffs  formed  no  small 
portion  of  a  country  merchant's  stock.  Barrels  of  chipped 
Mcaragua,  log-wood,  and  other  woods,  and  kegs  of  madder, 
alum,  copperas,  vitriol,  indigo,  etc.,  constituted  a  large  part 
of  teamsters'  loading  for  the  merchants.  Many,  doubtless, 
remember  the  old  dye-tub  standing  in  the  chimney  corner, 
covered  with  a  board,  and  used  as  a  seat  for  children  when 
chairs  were  wanted  for  visitors,  or  when  new  supplies  of 
furniture  failed  to  keep  pace  with  the  increase  of  the  family. 
Mr.  Goodrich,  [Peter  Parley,]  describing  early  life  in  his' 
native  town  in  Connecticut,  speaks  of  this  "  institution  of 
the  dj'e-tub,"  as  having,  "  when  the  night  had  waned,  and 
the  family  had  retired,  frequently  become  the  anxious  seat 
of  the  lover,  who  was  permitted  to  carry  on  his  courtship, 
the  object  of  his  addresses  sitting  demurely  in  the  opposite 
corner."  "We  have  no  authority  for  saying  that  it  was  ever 
used  here  on  such  occasions. 

Nearly  all  the  cloth  worn  was  "  home-made."  Earely  was 
a  farmer  or  his  son  seen  in  a  coat  made  of  any  other.  If, 
occasionally,  a  young  man  appeared  in  a  suit  of  "boughten" 
cloth,  he  was  an  object  of  envy  to  his  rustic  associates;  or 
he  was  suspected  of  having  got  it  for  a  particular  occasion 
which  occurs  in  the  life  of  nearly  every  man.  Few,  except 
merchants,  lawyers,  doctors,  and  some  village  mechanics, 
wore  cloth  that  had  not  passed  through  the  hands  of  the 
country  cloth-dresser.  Hence  merchants  kept  very  small 
stocks  of  broadcloth.  Cloths  of  the  finer  qualities  they 
sometimes  bought  in  small  pieces,  containing  a  certain 
number  of  patterns — one,  two,  or  three — to  avoid  loss  on 
remnants. 

There  were  also  tailoresses  who  came  into  families  to  make 
up  men's  and  boys'  winter  clothing.  The  cutting  was  mostly 
done  by  the  village  tailor,  if  there  was  a  village  near.  "Bad 
fits,"  ^Yhich  were  not  uncommon,  were  generally  charged  to 
the  cutter.  Hence  the  custom  of  tailors,  when  inserting  in 
their  advertisements,  "  Cuttino;  done  on  short  notice,  and 


HOME   MANUFACTURES.  59 

warranted  to  fit,"  to  append  the  very  prudent  proviso,  "  if 
properly  made  up."  These  seamstresses  charged  twenty-five 
cents  a  day  for  their  work.  This  was  thought  by  some  em- 
ployers rather  exorbitant,  as  the  common  price  of  help  at 
housework  was  but  one-half  as  much. 

The  need  of  leather  soon  became  pressing.  The  shoes 
brought  in  by  the  settlers  were  worn  out.  Large  boys  and 
girls  had  to  go  barefoot  the  greater  part  of  the  year,  even  to 
meeting.  Tanneries  of  limited  capacity  were  established. 
Some,  having  waited  impatiently  for  the  tanners  to  turn  out 
leather,  set  up  for  themselves,  and  tanned  the  hides  of  their 
slaughtered  cattle  in  a  trough.  Others  substituted  for  shoes 
the  cheaper  article  of  moccasins,  similar  to  those  worn  by  the 
Indians.  Skins  of  various  kinds  of  animals  were  tanned  for 
this  purpose.  Moccasins  were  sometimes  sewed  with  leather 
thongs.  An  early  settler  yet  living  says,  that  in  the  days  of 
his  boyhood  he  tanned  squirrel  skins  in  a  sugar  trough,  and 
made  moccasins  for  himself;  and  he  thought  himself  a  little 
above  his  companions  when  he  wore  them  to  Whitewater 
meeting.  Shoes  for  both  feet  were  made  on  one  last.  "  Eights 
and  lefts"  were  unknown  in  those  days.  Boots  were  little 
woru  by  men,  except  in  the  winter  season. 

We  have  spoken  of  houses  as  linen  and  woolen  factories. 
Some  were  also  shoe-shops.  In  some  parts  of  the  country 
there  was,  in  almost  every  neighborhood,  a  circulating  shoe- 
maker, who  made  his  annual  autumnal  circuit  with  his  "kit." 
The  children  had  a  happy  time  during  his  sojourn,  which 
lasted  one,  two,  or  more  weeks,  according  to  the  number  of 
feet  to  be  shod.  This  custom,  it  is  believed,  never  prevailed 
so  generally  here  as  in  some  other  places.  Many  made  shoes 
•for  themselves  and  their  families.  Men's  boots  and  shoes 
were  usually  made  of  coarse  leather,  commonly  called  cow- 
hide. Occasionally  a  young  man  attained  the  enviable  dis- 
tinction of  appearing  in  a  pair  of  calf-skin  boots  made  by  a 
regular  workman.  In  this  department  of  dress,  as  in  others, 
in  respect  to  style  and  expense,  the  past  and  the  present  ex- 
hibit a  remarkable  contrast. 

We  only  add,  a  marked  and  general  revolution  in  house- 
hold labor  has  been  etiected  since  the  days  of  our  mothers 


60  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

and  grandmotliers.  The  substitution  of  cotton  for  flax,  and 
of  the  various  kinds  of  labor-saving  machinery  for  hand- 
cards  and  family  spinning-wheels  and  looms,  has  vastly 
lightened  the  labor  of  women.  One  of  the  results  of  these 
improvements  is  the  opportunity  they  afford  for  mental  and 
intellectual  culture.  That  the  mass  of  American  women  duly 
imjDrove  these  opportunities  will  hardly  be  affirmed. 

In  confirmation  of  what  has  been  said  in  relation  to  the  des- 
titution of  early  settlers,  and  of  the  difficulty  of  obtaining  com- 
fortable clothing,  an  old  settler  in  a  northern  township  of  this 
county  writes :  "  I  remember  when  I  got  the  first  pair  of  boots 
I  ever  had.  I  got  them  to  travel  in  when  I  went  abroad  to 
preach.  I  was  called  proud  because  I  had  boots.  Women  also 
who  wore  checked  cotton  dresses  every  day,  were  called  proud. 
"We  then  had  no  idea  how  people  would  dress  as  soon  as  they 
were  able.  On  account  of  the  difficulty  of  protecting  sheep 
from  the  wolves,  few  were  kept;  and  many  families  were  un- 
able to  supply  themselves  with  woolen  clothes.  For  men's  and 
boys'  winter  clothing,  recourse  was  had  to  tanned  and  dressed 
deer-skins.  When  grown  stiff  by  getting  wet,  they  were 
limbered  by  whipping  them  on  a  log  or  a  post.  Some  wore 
coats  made  of  undressed  skins." 

From  another  northern  township  an  old  settler  writes:  "I 
have  frequently  seen  families  go  to  meeting  barefoot.  I  have 
often  heard  it  said  of  a  preacher  on  the  circuit  when  this  was 
a  wilderness,  that  the  people  went  to  hear  their  '  new  preacher' 
on  a  week  day.  Being  neatly  dressed,  and  wearing  a  pair  of 
fine  boots,  they  thought  him  too  much  of  a  fop  to  preach. 
After  he  had  closed  his  sermon,  a  laboring  man  who  had  left 
his  field  and  come  to  meeting  barefoot,  got  up  and  gave  a 
warm  and  stirring  exhortation,  under  the  effects  of  which  a 
good  old  brother  shouted,  'Lord!  send  us  more  barefooted 
preachers.' " 

It  is  presumed  this  anecdote,  kindly  furnished  by  our  friend, 
was  intended  simply  as  an  illustration  of  the  destitute  con- 
dition and  some  of  the  characteristics  of  the  early  settlers 
and  not  at  all  as  justifying  the  vulgar  prejudices  indulged  by 
some  in  those  days  against  persons  better  dressed  than  them- 
selves.    Happily  the  days  have  gone  by  when  "good  clothes" 


SUGAR   MAKING.  61 

are  regarded  by  any  as  a  badge  of  dishonor,  or  as  evidence  of 
one's  unfitness  for  any  position  or  calling.  Many  a  poor,  per- 
haps shoeless  pioneer  has,  by  hard  labor  and  proper  economy, 
become  a  "lord  of  the  soil,"  and,  if  yet  living,  is  himself  one 
of  that  class  upon  whom  he  once  looked  with  envy  or  distrust. 

Sugar  Making. 

IvTot  until  after  the  settlers  had  supplied  themselves  wdth 
the  more  needful  articles  of  clothing  and  with  edibles  of 
various  kinds,  did  wheat  bread  become  a  common  article  of 
food.  It  had  not  been  "  daily  bread,"  but  had  been  eaten 
only  occasionally,  as  on  Sundays  and  wdien  visitors  came. 
Then  one  would  get  a  little  of  this  luxury,  with  some  "store 
coffee. "  Fortunately,  there  was  not  the  same  lack  of  sweet- 
ening material.  The  sugar  maple  furnished  au  abundance 
of  sugar  and  molasses. 

Trees  were  "tapped"  in  various  ways.  Generally  a  notch 
was  cut  into  a  tree  with  an  ax,  or  a  hole  bored  with  an  auger, 
below  which  a  spile,  or  spout,  was  inserted  to  conduct  the 
sap  into  a  trough.  Troughs  were  made  from  easy  splitting 
trees  12  to  15  inches  in  diameter.  They  were  cut  into  pieces 
about  two  feet  long,  which  were  split  exactly  through  the 
center.  Of  each  of  these  halves  was  made  with  an  ax  a 
trough,  holding  about  a  common  pailful  of  sap.  The  sap 
was  generally  carried  in  pails  or  buckets  to  the  boiling  place, 
and  emptied  into  a  reservoir,  which  was  a  long  trough  made 
of  a  large  tree,  and  holding  many  barrels.  Sometimes  a 
number  of  empty  barrels  or  casks  were  taken  to  the  bush, 
and  used  for  that  purpose.  The  kettles  were  hung  against 
the  side  of  a  large  log  or  fallen  tree,  and  the  sap  was  boiled 
down  to  a  thin  syrup  and  strained.  The  straining  and  final 
boiling  were  usually  done  in  the  house.  For  molasses,  it 
was  boiled  to  the  proper  consistency ;  for  sugar,  until  it  was 
granulated,  when  it  was  poured  into  dishes  to  cool,  and  taken 
out  in  solid  cakes. 

Great  improvements  on  the  early  mode  of  sugar-making 
have  been  made.  Wooden  and  tin  buckets  have  been  sub- 
stituted for  the  rough,  uncouth  trough  which  could  not  be 
emptied  without  waste.     Kettles  are  sometimes  set  in  tight 


62  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

furnaces  of  stone  laid  in  lime  mortar.  Coals,  ashes,  and 
other  dirt  are  thus  kept  out  of  the  kettles,  and  clean,  light- 
colored  sugar  is  produced.  The  first  settlers  had  no  market 
for  their  surplus  sugar  and  molasses.  Each  made  for  himself; 
and  there  was  no  store  in  all  the  valley ;  nor,  if  there  had 
been,  would  a  merchant  have  taken  sugar  at  a  remunerative 
price,  even  in  exchange  for  goods,  as  it  would  not  have  borne 
transportation  to  market.  The  nominal  price  was  5  or  6  cents 
a  pound,  though  its  cash  value  was  probably,  for  a  time, 
scarcely  half  that  price.  Those  who  have  spared  their  sugar- 
trees,  have,  for  several  years  past,  received  a  fair  reward  for 
their  labor  in  its  production. 

Early  Stores. 

One  of  the  great  needs  of  the  early  settlers  was  a  store. 
This  was  partially  supplied  by  John  Smith,  who,  in  1810,  com- 
menced the  keeping  of  a  small  store  in  a  log  building  near 
the  present  public  square,  south  of  Main  street.  Smith  is  said 
to  have  brought  his  first  stock  on  horseback,  on  pack  saddles, 
from  Cincinnati.  But  the  late  Cornelius  Van  Arsdale,  an  old 
merchant  in  Eaton,  Ohio,  has  been  heard  to  say  he  sold  to 
Smith  his  first  goods.  These  were  probably  the  goods  sup- 
posed to  have  been  brought  from  Cincinnati  on  horseback. 
The  early  merchants  got  their  supplies  from  that  town.  Goods 
were  brought  on  wagons  over  roads  almost  impassable ;  the 
time  required  to  make  a  trip  being  from  about  six  to  ten  days. 

Although  the  inhabitants  rejoiced  at  the  establishment  of  a 
store,  the  great  expense  at  which  goods  were  transported,  the 
high  prices  necessarily  charged  for  them,  and  the  low  prices  of 
produce  so  far  from  market,  made  it  almost  impossible  for  some 
to  purchase  the  goods  they  most  needed.  The  following  is  a  . 
statement  of  prices,  as  found  in  Dr.  Plummer's  History  of 
Richmond  : 

"  In  1810,  bacon  sold  at  2|  cents  per  pound ;  corn,  20  to  25  cents 
per  bushel;  but  there  was  a  season  of  great  scarcity,  when  it 
sold  for  $1.25  per  bushel — probably  in  1819.  Sugar  was  manu- 
factured from  the  sugar-tree  in  large  quantities,  and  sold  here 
at  3,  4,  and  6  cents  per  pound,  while  hogsheads  of  it  were 
taken  to  the  South  in  exchange  for  raw  cotton,  which  was  in 


EARLY    STORES.  63 

great  demand  here.  It  was  spun  and  woven  by  the  women, 
and  the  fabrics  were  sold  at  the  stores.  Butter  for  a  long  time 
sold  at  3,  4,  and  6  cents  per  pound ;  wheat  at  37J  to  50  cents ; 
oats,  in  1820,  were  8  cents  per  bushel.  Apples,  at  the  earliest 
periods,  were  brought  from  Redstone,  Pa.,  by  way  of  Cincin- 
nati, and  sold  at  $1  to  $1.50  per  bushel.  'Many  a  time,'  said 
an  old  woman,  '  have  I  paid  Robert  Morrisson  fifty  cents  a  yard 
for  muslin,  which  can  now  be  bought  for  eight  and  ten  cents; 
and  I  paid  for  it,  too,  with  butter  and  sugar  at  six  cents  a 
pound.'  " 

With  produce  at  these  low  prices,  farmers  had  to  pay  for 
goods  at  the  highest  rates.  Common  calico  cost  37|  cents  a 
yard ;  other  fabrics,  as  well  as  tea,  cofi'ee,  etc.,  in  proportion. 
It  required  about  a  bushel  of  oats  to  buy  a  pound  of  nails;  a 
bushel  of  wheat,  or  two  bushels  of  corn,  to  buy  a  yard  of 
calico  or  a  pound  of  coffee. 

Smith's  store,  inside,  would  be  regarded,  by  most  of  our 
readers,  as  a  curiosity-shop.  Here  was  a  rude  counter ;  there 
were  a  few  shelves  fixed  up  to  the  log  wall.  On  these  were 
seen  packages  of  Barlow  knives,  with  a  sample  knife  outside 
for  a  sign;  sheep^shears  done  up  in  the  same  manner;  also 
gimlets,  augers,  etc.  There  were  sickles  wherewith  to  cut  the 
first  crops  of  wheat;  hair  sieves,  trace  chains,  blind  bridles, 
curry-combs,  and  numerous  other  necessaries  for  the  farmers. 
]^or  were  the  wants  of  their  wives  and  daughters  forgotten. 
They  there  found  calico,  fine  cambric,  cap-stuft",  pins,  needles, 
etc.  Here  were  sold  some  of  the  first  wedding  garments  for 
the  settlers'  daughters;  and  here  was  kept  also  a  small  stock 
of  imported  broadcloth,  but  rather  too  fine  for  many  to  wear. 
Occasionally  a  young  man  who  wished  to  appear  in  a  coat  of 
blue  cloth,  with  yellow  metal  buttons,  a  high  and  rolling  col- 
lar, and  a  forked  tail,  after  the  fashion  of  those  days,  got  his 
outfit  here.  Smith  increased  his  stock,  from  time  to  time,  to 
supply  the  demand  of  the  constantly  increasing  population ; 
and  being  for  several  years  the  only  merchant  in  the  county, 
he  acquired  an  extensive  and  a  lucrative  trade. 

Smith's  place  was  considered  the  center  of  business ;  and, 
with  a  town  in  prospect,  he  erected  a  frame  store  building.  In 
this,  it  is  thought,  he  made  a  slight  mistake.     Robert  Alorris- 


64  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

son,  a  brother-in-law  of  Jerenoiah  Cox,  having  sold  his  farm 
on  Middle  Fork,  bought  of  Cox  a  piece  of  land  where  was  a 
spring.  A  part  of  this  ground  is  the  present  site  of  the  Rob- 
inson Machine  Works.  On  this  land  he  built  a  small  frame 
house  fronting  on  the  road  from  Cox's  house  to  his  mill,  and 
near  what  is  now  Main  street.  In  this  house  he  started  a  store. 
Smith  soon  perceiving  that  trade  was  gravitating  toward  Mor- 
risson's  corner,  put  up  a  frame  building  opposite,  on  what  is 
now  known  as  Mason's  corner,  where  Elliott  &  Co.'s  furniture 
store  lately  stood,  [destroyed  a  few  months  ago  by  fire.]  Smith 
had  now  competition.  But  this  was  soon  temporarily  inter- 
rupted. Morrisson's  house  and  household  goods  were  destroyed 
by  fire.  His  store  goods,  kept  in  the  same  building,  had  been 
removed  to  Smith's  store,  he  having  formed  a  partnership  with 
Smith.  The  partnership,  however,  was  dissolved  immediately 
or  soon  after  the  fire. 

Reflections  on  Pioneer  Life. 

The  history  of  pioneer  life  generally  presents  only  the  dark 
side  of  the  picture.  The  toils  and  privations  of  the  early 
settlers  were  not  a  series  of  unmitigated  sufierings.  They  had 
their  joys  as  well  as  their  sorrows.  The  addition  of  each  new 
acre  of  their  "clearings"  brought  with  it  fresh  enjoyment, 
and  cheered  them  on  in  the  pursuit  of  their  ultimate  object,  an 
unincumbered  and  a  happy  home.  They  were  happy  also  in 
their  fraternal  feelings;  or,  as  one  expressed  it,  "the  feeling  of 
brotherhood — the  disposition  to  help  one  another;"  or,  in  the 
language  of  another,  "  Society  was  rude  and  uncultivated ;  yet 
the  people  were  very  friendly  to  each  other,  quite  as  much  so 
as  relatives  are  at  the  present  day." 

We  could  hardly  endure  the  thought  of  exchanging  our 
splendid  and  comfortable  carriages  for  the  rude  ones  of  our 
fathers  and  grandfathers,  which  served  the  various  purposes  of 
visiting,  and  of  going  to  mill  and  to  "  meeting  " — (churches 
they  had  not;)  yet  who  doubts  that  families  had  a  "good 
time"  when  they  made  a  visit  to  a  "neighbor"  at  a  distance 
of  several  miles  through  the  woods,  on  an  ox-sled  ?  Our 
mothers  were  clad  in  homespun  of  their  own  make;  and  not 
a  few  yet  remember  the  "  glad  surprise  "  when  fathers,  on  their 


REFLECTIONS    ON    PIONEER    LIFE.  65 

return  from  market,  presented  to  their  faithful  helpmates  a  six- 
yard  calico  dress  pattern  for  Sunday  wear.  And  we  presume 
the  wearer  was  in  quite  as  devotional  a  frame  of  mind,  and  en- 
joyed Sabbath  exercises  quite  as  well,  as  she  who  now  flaunts 
her  gorgeously  trimmed  silk  of  fifteen  or  twenty  yards,  made 
up  in  a  style  transforming  the  wearer  into  "the  likeness"  of 
something  never  before  known  "  above "  or  "  on  the  earth 
beneath,"  and  altered  with  every  change  of  moon. 

The  people  were  happy  in  their  families.  The  boys,  having 
labored  hard  during  the  day,  sought  rest  at  an  early  hour. 
Parents  had  the  pleasure  of  seeing  their  sons  acquiring  habits 
of  industry  and  frugality — a  sure  prognostic  of  success  in  life. 
The  "higher  civilization"  had  not  yet  introduced, 
"In  every  country  village,  wliere 

Ten  chimney  smokes  perfume  the  air, 

Contiguous  to  a  steeple," 

those  popular  modern  institutions — the  saloon  and  the  billiard- 
room,  in  which  so  many  youth  now  receive  their  principal  train- 
ing. Fewer  parents  spent  sleepless  nights  in  anxious  thought 
about  their  "  prodigal  sons,"  or  had  their  slumbers  broken  by 
the  noisy  entrance  of  these  sons  on  returning  from  their  mid- 
night revels.  They  saw  no  clouds  rising  to  dim  the  prospect 
of  a  happy  future  to  their  children.  Never  were  wives  and 
mothers  more  cheerful  than  when,  like  the  virtuous  woman 
described  by  Solomon,  "they  hiid  their  hands  to  the  spindle, 
and  their  hands  held  the  distaff;"  or  when,  with  tlieir  knitting- 
work  or  sewing,  and  baby,  too,  they  went — unbidden,  as  the 
custom  was — to  spend  an  afternoon  with  their  "  neighbor 
women,"  by  whom  they  were  received  with  a  hearty,  uncere- 
monious welcome.  The  "  latch-string  was  out"  at  all  times; 
and  even  the  formality  of  knocking  was,  by  the  more  intimate 
neighbors,  dispensed  with. 

Nor  did  they  lack  topics  of  conversation  at  these  visits. 
Prominent  among  them  were  their  domestic  afl'airs — their 
manifold  industrial  enterprises  and  labors — and  the  anticipated 
rewards  of  their  toils  and  privations.  Their  conversation,  some 
may  suppose,  evinced  no  high  degree  of  intellectual  culture; 
yet,  as  an  indication  of  such  culture,  surely  it  would  not  suffer 
in  comparison  with  the  gossip  of  many  of  our  modern  educated 
ladies  at  their  social  gatherings. 


HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 


Life  on  the  Twelve  3file  Purchase,  1810  to  1814. 

The  following  letter  from  Mrs.  Eebecca  Julian,  widow  of 
Isaac  Julian,  and  sister  of  the  late  ■  Judge  Hoover,  was  pub- 
lished, in  1854,  in  the  Way7ie  County  Journal,  printed  at  Center- 
ville  : 

"  The  country  around  us  was  an  entire  wilderness,  with  here 
and  there  a  small  cabin,  containing  a  small  family.  We  were 
nearly  all  new  beginners  at  that  time,  and  although  we  had 
to  work  almost  day  and  night,  we  were  not  discouraged. 

"  We  were  in  fine  spirits  until  the  battle  was  fought  at  Tip- 
pecanoe by  General  Harrison  and  the  Indians.  After  that,  we 
lived  in  continual  fear,  and  passed  many  sleepless  nights.  Well 
do  I  recollect  how  I  kept  my  head  raised  ofiT  of  my  pillow,  in 
listening,  expecting  the  savages  to  come  and  take  our  scalps. 
We  had  every  reason  to  believe  that  such  would  be  the  case, 
as  they  were  frequently  to  be  seen  scouting  all  around  us.  At 
length  the  time  arrived  when  two  men  were  stationed  at  our 
fort  for  our  protection.  My  husband  also  enlisted  and  served 
three  months  as  a  soldier,  but  was  not  called  out  from  the  fort. 
We  were  truly  thankful  that  there  was  no  fighting  to  be  done, 
as  we  were  then  few  in  number,  and  completely  in  the  power 
of  the  enemy.  But  it  is  evident  they  intended  harming  only 
such  persons  as  they  thought  hostile  to  them.  A  young  man 
by  the  name  of  Shortridge  was  killed  by  the  Indians  about 
three  miles  from  our  fort.  He  had  on  at  the  time  a  portion  of 
the  dress  of  another  man,  who  had  made  threats  against  them, 
and  it  is  supposed  they  mistook  him  for  the  latter.  In  the 
spring  following  Charles  Morgan  and  his  two  half-brothers 
were  killed  at  their  sugar-camp,  scalped,  and  one  of  them 
thrown  into  the  fire.  This  happened  about  six  miles  from  our 
residence.  This  was  quite  alarming ;  we  knew  not  what  to  do ; 
we  gathered  ourselves  in  small  groups  in  order  to  hold  coun- 
sel. Finally,  we  concluded  to  leave  our  new  homes ;  which 
we  did,  time  after  time,  for  the  space  of  two  years.  We  were 
grateful,  indeed,  to  see  peace  returning,  so  that  we  could  again 
enjoy  our  homes. 

"  There  were  many  and  serious  trials  in  the  beginning  of 
this  country  with  those  who  settled  amid  the  heavy  timber, 


^^.c«.  ^^; 


LIFE    ON    THE    TWELVE    MILE    PURCHASE.  67 

Laving  nothing  to  depend  on  for  a  living  but  their  own  indus- 
try. Such  was  our  situation.  However,  we  were  blest  with 
health  and  strength,  and  were  able  to  accomplish  all  that  was 
necessary  to  be  done.  Our  husbands  cleared  the  ground,  and 
assisted  each  other  in  rolling  the  logs.  We  often  went  with 
them  on  these  occasions,  to  assist  in  the  way  of  cooking  for  the 
hands.  We  had  first-rate  times,  just  such  as  hard-laboring 
men  and  women  can  appreciate.  We  were  not  what  would 
now  be  called  fashionable  cooks;  we  had  no  pound  cakes, 
preserves,  or  jellies;  but  the  substautials,  prepared  in  plain, 
honest,  old-fashioned  style.  This  is  one  reason  why  we  were 
so  blessed  with  health — we  had  none  of  your  dainties,  nick- 
nacks,  and  many  fixings  that  are  worse  than  nc;thing.  There  are 
many  diseases  that  we  never  even  heard  of  thirty  or  forty  years 
ago,  such  as  dyspepsia,  neuralgia,  and  many  others  too  tedious 
to  mention.  It  was  not  fashionable  at  that  time  to  be  weakly. 
We  could  take  our  spinning-wheels  and  walk  two  miles  to  a 
spinning  frolic,  do  our  day's  work,  and,  after  a  first-rate  sup- 
per, join  in  some  innocent  anmsement  for  the  evening.  We 
did  not  take  very  particular  pains  to  keep  our  hands  white;  we 
knew  they  were  made  to  use  to  our  advantage  ;  therefore  we 
never  thought  of  Ijaving  hands  just  to  look  at.  Each  settler 
had  to  go  and  assist  his  neighbors  ten  or  fifteen  days,  or  there- 
abouts, in  order  to  get  help  again  in  log-rolling  time — this  was 
the  only  way  to  get  assistance. 

"I  have  thought  proper  to  mention  these  matters,  in  order 
that  people  now  may  know  what  the  first  settlers  had  to  un- 
dergo. We,  however,  did  not  complain  half  as  much  as  people 
do  now.  Oar  diet  was  plain;  our  clothing  we  manufactured 
ourselves;  we  lived  independent,  and  were  all  on  an  equality. 
I  look  back  to  those  by-gone  days  with  great  interest.  ^ow 
how  the  scene  has  changed  !  Children  of  these  same  pioneers 
know  nothing  of  hardship;  they  are  spoiled  by  indulgence, 
and  are  generally  planning  ways  and  means  to  live  without 
work." 


68  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 


Education;  Schools. 

Though  struggling  undei\the  pressure  of  poverty  and  priva- 
tion, the  early  settlers  planted  among  them  the  school-house  and 
the  church  at  the  earliest  practicable  period.  So  important  an 
object  as  the  education  of  their  children  they  did  not  defer 
until  they  could  build  more  comely  and  convenient  houses; 
they  were  for  a  time  content  with  such  as  corresponded  with 
their  rude  dwellings.  The  first  school-houses  were  built  of 
logs,  and  with  fire-places  and  chimneys  like  those  of  log 
dwelling-houses,  and  were  roofed  in  the  same  manner. 
,  An  old  resident  of  Franklin  township  thus  describes  the  first 
school-house  built  in  Hillsborough,  and  the  first  in  which 
he  ever  attended  school :  The  floor  of  the  school-room  and 
that  of  the  loft  were  both  made  of  split  puncheons ;  the  door 
of  split  clapboards,  and  fastened  by  a  wooden  latch  raised 
by  a  string  hanging  outside.  The  fire-place  was  made  by 
cutting  an  aperture  in  one  side  about  ten  feet  wide,  and 
building  the  place  out  about  four  feet  with  logs  up  to  the 
mantel  ;  then  with  poles  instead  of  split  sticks,  drawn  in  to 
about  3  to  5  feet  at  the  top,  and  daubed  with  clay,  the  chim- 
ney being  outside.  The  back  wall  and  sides  of  the  fire-place 
were  made  by  beating  down  clay  about  18  inches  thick,  and 
2|  feet  high.  The  hearth  was  made  of  the  same  material. 
A  large,  green  back-log,  requiring  the  united  strength  of 
teacher  and  several  large  boys,  was  rolled  into  the  fire-place, 
and  a  small  one  was  put  on  the  top,  and  another  before,  and 
the  middle  filled  up  with  small  wood. 

Rough  benches  of  split  logs  extended  from  one  side  of  the 
fire-place  around  through  the  room  to  the  other  side  of  the 
fire-place.  On  these  the  scholars  were  seated,  facing  the  fire, 
the  teacher  standing  at  one  end  of  the  circle.  Sometimes 
boys,  to  get  near  the  fire  without  standing  before  others,  would 
step  up  on  the  bank  of  clay  and  walk  around  behind  the  fire, 
leaning  their  backs  against  the  logs  of  the  chimney,  putting 
their  feet  forward  over  the  back-log  to  the  fire,  and  studying 
their  lessons  by  the  light  coming  down  the  chimney. 


education;  schools.  69 

The  writing-desk  was  a  long  slab  hauled  from  a  distant 
saw-mill,  fastened  on  long  pins  driven  into  auger  holes  in  the 
logs,  and  slanting  ^downward  from  the  wall.  The  window 
was  made  by  cutting  a  hole  through  the  logs  just  above  the 
writing-table,  and  putting  in  an  old  newspaper  greased  with 
lard  for  window-lights.  In  a  cold  day  ink  would  freeze  in 
the  pen  before  a  line  was  written.  Pens  were  made  of  goose 
quills. 

The  school  books  used  were  AYebster's  American  Spelling 
Book,  some  reading  book,  and  an  arithmetic.  A  grammar 
book,  a  geography,  or  an  atlas,  the  scholars  had  never  seen. 

The  children's  dinners,  too,  were  very  unlike  those  of  chil- 
dren at  the  present  day.  Their  frozen  corn-bread  was  some- 
times thawed  on  the  dirt  hearth.  This  bread,  or  "  corn 
dodger,"  as  it  was  called,  in  one  hand,  and  sometimes  a  piece 
of  wild  turkey  or  deer's  meat  in  the  other,  were  eaten  for 
dinner. 

Schools  were  not  then  regulated  by  law.  A  subscription 
paper,  stating  the  price  of  tuition  per  scholar  for  the  term  pro- 
posed, was  circulated,  and  each  person  affixed  to  his  name  the 
number  of  scholars  he  would  send.  If  a  sufficient  number 
were  obtained,  the  school  would  commence.  Teachers  were 
often  paid  in  produce,  many  of  their  employers  being  unable 
to  pay  in  money. 

Not  only  was  the  course  of  instruction  limited  to  those  few 
primary  branches,  spelling,  reading,  writing,  and  arithmetic; 
the  qualifications  to  teach  even  these  successfully  were  gener- 
ally wanting.  Only  the  simpler  parts  of  arithmetic  were 
taught  by  most  of  the  teachers ;  and  the  mathematical  ambi- 
tion of  many  pupils  was  satisfied  when  they  could  "cj'pher" 
to  the  end  of  the  "  Single  Rule  of  Three,"  which,  in  the  old 
arithmetics,  came  before  Fractions.  Nor  did  some  parents 
think  anj'  higher  attainment  in  this  branch  necessary'  for  their 
sons,  except  the  knowledge  of  computing  interest,  which  some 
of  them  might  possibly,  at  some  time  in  their  lives,  have  occa- 
sion to  practice. 

The  manner  of  tesLch'mg  and  conducting  a  school  in  those 
days  is  also  worthy  of  note.  AV^riting,  in  some  schools,  was  not 
required  to  be  done  at  any  fixed  hour,  nor  by  all  at  the  same 


70  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

time.  Children  conld  hardly  be  expected  to  be  able  to  make 
their  own  pens — none  but  goose-quill  pens  being  used — nor, 
indeed,  were  many  teachers  competent  to  do  it  properly.  These 
pens  also  required  frequent  mendings.  To  make  and  mend  the 
pens  and  "  set  copies  "  for  ten,  twenty,  or  thirty  pupils,  took  no 
small  portion  of  a  teacher's  time,  and  was  often  done  during 
reading  and  other  exercises,  in  which  the  worst  mistakes 
escaped  the  observation  of  the  teacher.  To  avoid  this,  some 
teachers  did  this  work  before  or  after  school  hours.  The  in- 
troduction of  the  metallic  pen  and  the  printed  copy-book  is  a 
valuable  improvement,  saving  to  the  teacher  much  time  and 
labor,  and  furnishing  the  pupils  with  good  and  uniform 
copies. 

Nor  had  the  blackboard  been  invented;  or,  if  it  had,  it  was 
not  known  in  the  rural  districts.  J^or  were  scholars  taught 
arithmetic  in  classes.  They  got  the  attention  and  assistance  of 
the  teacher  as  they  could.  Voices  were  heard  from  different 
parts  of  the  room  :  "  Master,  I  can't  do  this  sum ;"  or,  "  Please 
show  me  how  to  do  this  sum."  These,  with  questions  asking 
permission  to  "go  out,"  to  "go  and  drink,"  etc.,  which,  in 
some  schools,  were,  to  use  a  parliamentary  phrase,  "always  in 
order;"  the  teacher  going  about  the  room  to  "help"  the 
scholars,  or  to  do  their  work  for  them ;  and  scholars  running 
to  the  teacher  to  ask  him  how  to  pronounce  the  hard  words  in 
the  spelling  and  reading  lessons; — all  these,  and  other  things 
that  might  be  mentioned,  kept  the  school-room  in  a  continual 
bustle.  There  were,  however,  some  good  teachers  then ;  and 
there  are  many  now  who  answer  too  nearly  the  foregoing  de- 
scription ;  yet  a  comparison  of  the  schools  of  the  present  time 
with  those  of  fifty  years  ago  shows  a  vast  improvement. 

Where,  when,  or  by  whom  the  first  school  in  the  county  was 
kept,  is  not  easily  ascertained ;  it  was  probably  within  or  near 
the  present  limits  of  Wayne  township.  There  was  in  Indiana 
territory  no  school  system  established  b}'  law.  All  was  done 
on  the  "  voluntary "  plan.  The  men  of  each  neighborhood 
would  join  in  putting  up  a  log  house.  Every  man  paid  only 
for  the  tuition  of  his  own  children — of  such  number  as  he  was 
pleased  or  able  to  send.  There  was  then  no  grumbling  by  any 
one  at  being  obliged  to  pay  for  "  schooling  others'  children." 


RELIGIOUS    SOCIETIES.  71 

There  are  still,  doubtless,  not  a  few  in  every  place  who  would 
rejoice  at  the  re-adoption  of  that  part  of  the  old  plan — who 
have  never  yet  been  able  to  see  how  their  individual  interests 
have  been  promoted  by  the  general  diffusion  of  learning.  The 
General  Government  acted  wisely  in  setting  apart  a  section  of 
land  in  every  township,  the  proceeds  of  which  are  to  be  appro- 
priated to  the  support  of  common  schools  in  the  township. 
And  the  state  has,  with  equal  wisdom,  provided  to  supply  the 
deficiency  by  taxation,  thus  making  the  schools  free  to  all  who 
wish  to  avail  themselves  of  their  advantages. 

Beligious  Societies. 

The  early  establishment  of  religious  institutions  in  new  set- 
tlements is  a  prominent  feature  in  the  history  of  this  country. 
The  school-house  and  the  house  of  worship  are  erected  almost 
simultaneously  in  every  community.  Of  the  different  religious 
denominations  in  this  count}^  the  Friends  were  at  first  the 
most  numerous,  and  are  so  still  in  some  townships,  though  the 
first  cliurch  organized  in  the  county  is  said  to  be  that  of  the 
Baptists  on  the  Elkhorn  creek,  formed  in  1806  or  1807,  about 
6  miles  south  of  Richmond,  now  in  the  township  of  Boston. 
The  Friends  next  established  a  meeting,  and  built  a  log  meet- 
ing-house in  1807,  near  the  site  of  the  present  large  brick 
house  in  the  north-east  part^  of  the  city  of  Richmond.  The 
first  meeting-house  in  nearly  every  settlement  was  built  of 
logs.  Some  of  them  were  warmed  by  placing  in  the  center  a 
large  box  or  iron  kettle  filled  with  dirt,  and  making  on  it  a 
fire  of  wood  or  charcoal.  A  second  house  was  sometimes 
built  of  logs,  generally  improved  in  appearance  by  having  the 
logs  hewed  on  the  outside  and  inside. 

[A  particular  notice  of  tiie  several  religious  organizations  in 
the  county  may  be  found  in  the  historical  sketches  of  their 
respective  townships.] 


72  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 


The  Indian   Troubles. 

The  war  spirit  which  had  heen  excited,  and  kept  np  for  a 
long  period,  by  conflicts  between  the  whites  and  the  Indian 
tribes  in  the  ^N'orth-western  Territory,  had  not  long  slum- 
bered— perhaps  had  not  been  entirely  allayed — when  the 
former  began  their  settlements  in  the  valleys  of  Whitewater. 
This  warfare,  there  is  reason  to  believe,  was  not,  as  some 
have  supposed,  wholly  a  "  conflict  between  civilization  and 
barbarism."  Many  acts  of  savage  barbarity  recorded  in  the 
history  of  the  early  settlements,  were  the  outbreaks  of  resent- 
ments transmitted  by  those  who  had  suffered  injustice  at  the 
hands  of  half-civilized  white  men,  or  were  provoked  by  some 
evil-disposed  white  men  at  the  time.  Judge  Hoover,  re- 
ferring to  some  of  the  depredations  and  murders  committed 
by  the  Indians,  says  :  "  Candor,  however,  compels  me  to  say, 
that,  as  is  usually  the  case,  we  Christians  were  the  aggress- 
ors." It  must  be  confessed,  however,  that  many  of  these 
Indian  atrocities  appear  to  have  been  committed  in  cold 
blood — at  least  without  any  immediate  provocation. 

The  early  settlers  were  much  annoyed  by  the  Indians. 
They  were  often  frightened  by  their  suspicious  appearances 
and  open  menaces ;  and  these  fears  were  strengthened  by 
actual  murders  committed  in  various  parts  of  the  territory, 
one  of  which  is  related  by  Rev.  Mr.  Smith  in  his  "Miscel- 
lany," in  substance,  as  follows :  A  man  named  Jones,  re- 
turning from  hunting,  found  his  wife  terribly  frightened  by 
the  menaces  of  an  Indian  who  was  plundering  the  house. 
The  Indian,  on  the  approach  of  Jones,  rushed  out  and  made 
off",  and  Jones  shot  him  as  he  ran,  inflicting  a  severe,  though 
not  mortal  wound.  The  Indian  escaped  and  reached  his  people. 
In  a  few  days  a  delegation  of  Indians  came  to  the  white  settle- 
ment and  demanded  redress.  The  whites  were  so  well  acquaint- 
ed with  the  Indian  character,  that  they  knew  an  amicable  set- 
tlement must  be  made,  or  the  Indians  would  take  vengeance  ; 
and  perhaps  some  of  their  women  and  children  would  be  the 
sacrifice.  The  white  men  met  for  consultation,  and  appointed 
Esquire  Rue,  Wm.  L.  Williford,  and  George  Smith,  as  com- 
missioners to  treat  with  the  Indians.     The  Indians  demanded 


THE    INDIAN    TROUBLES.  73 

blood  from  the  white  man.  The  commissioners  pleaded  that 
the  Indian  had  been  the  aggressor.  In  view  of  this  fact, 
the  Indians  proposed  to  take  a  horse.  A  horse  was  accord- 
ingly pnrchased  for  them,  and  they  were  pacified. 

Mr.  Smith  recollects  having  heard  an  Indian  relate  the 
first  one  of  several  instances  of  his  taking  the  lives  of  white 
persons.  At  the  age  of  about  fourteen,  he  was  permitted  to 
accompany  a  party  of  "  braves  "  going  to  a  white  settlement 
to  scalp  and  plunder,  on  a  promise  that  he  would  be  brave. 
The  first  night,  he  and  another  young  Indian  were  sent  to 
reconnoiter  a  cabin.  They  returned  and  reported  that  there 
were  in  it  but  a  man  and  woman.  They  were  ordered  to  go 
back  and  kill  them.  They  returned  to  the  cabin,  and  shot 
them  through  an  opening  of  the  jambs,  entered  the  cabin  and 
scalped  them,  and  returned  to  their  comrades  with  their 
bloody  trophies.  This  young  Indian  was  thenceforth  a  brave 
among  the  warriors. 

Many  of  the  depredations  upon  the  early  settlers  of  Ken- 
tucky were  committed  by  Indians  from  what  is  now  the  state 
of  Indiana.  At  their  village  in  Old  Town,  in  what  is  now 
Delaware  county,  about  five  miles  from  Muncie,  and  near 
White  river,  white  men  were  tortured  to  death  at  the  stake 
by  a  slow  fire,  while  their  fiendish  captors  danced  around 
them.  Mr.  Smith  says  he  visited  the  spot  after  the  Indians 
had  left  the  village,  and  saw  the  stake  still  standing,  and 
some  of  the  firebrands  were  yet  to  be  seen. 

In  1811,  John  Shortridge  was  shot  by  an  Indian  south  of 
the  present  town  of  Germantown,  and  about  a  mile  east  of 
Milton,  while  riding  on  horseback  in  company  with  George 
Ish.  This,  however,  is  said  to  have  been  done  by  mistake. 
The  Indian  had  had  some  dilficulty  with  a  man  by  the  name 
of  Isaiah  Drury.  Shortridge,  having  on  Drury's  overcoat, 
was  mistaken  for  the  owner,  and  shot  on  his  white  horse.  He 
was  carried  about  a  mile  to  a  fort  which  had  been  built  half 
a  mile  south  of  where  Germantown  now  is.  Word  having 
been  sent  to  the  fort  north  [Boyd  Fort],  Samuel  K.  Boyd  and 
Larkin  Harding  went  down,  and  attended  Shortridge  until 
his  death,  the  next  day.  For  the  want  of  boards  to  make  a 
coffin,  puncheon  fioor  plank  were  used  for  the  purpose. 


74  HISTORY    OF    AVAYNE    COUNTY. 

Charles  Morgan,  residing  near  the  stream  now  called  Mor- 
gan's creek,  and  two  boys,  or  youth,  his  half-brothers,  named 
Beesl}',  were  killed  near  a  sugar-camp  by  Indians  in  the 
evening.  The  leader,  or  principal  in  this  murder,  is  sup- 
posed— perhaps  generally — to  have  been  the  notorious  In- 
dian, John  Green.  This  supposition  is  probably  based  upon 
the  fact  that  a  mutual  hatred  existed  between  him  and  Mor- 
gan. The  writer  has  been  informed  upon  authority  which  he 
can  not  doubt,  that  Morgan,  under  the  apprehension  that 
Green  was  meditating  his  murder,  intended  to  take  the  life 
of  Green  in  order  to  save  his  own,  and  that  he  once  started 
from  home  with  the  avowed  intent  of  waylaying  his  adver- 
sary for  this  purpose.  Although  Green  probably  had  evil 
designs  against  Morgan,  and  perhaps  was  accessory  to  the 
murder,  there  is  strong  presumptive  evidence  that  he  was  not 
present  when  it  was  committed.  The  suspected  murderers, 
four  in  number,  were  traced  toward  Muncietown  and  over- 
taken, and  one  of  them  was  shot ;  the  others  escaped.  Mor- 
gan and  his  brothers  were  all  scalped.  The  murder  was 
committed  in  the  spring  of  1813.  This  occurrence  induced 
many  families  to  take  shelter  in  the  forts  erected  for  their 
protection. 

Horses  were  sometimes  stolen  by  the  Indians,  and  other 
depredations  upon  the  property  of  the  white  inhabitant^ 
committed ;  but  it  is  believed  that  the  only  murders  com- 
mitted by  them  are  the  two  here  mentioned.  In  a  few 
instances,  the  lives  of  Indians  have  been  taken,  or  assaults 
have  been  made  upon  them  for  that  purpose,  by  way  of 
retaliation  for  injuries. 

In  1811,  by  order  of  the  General  Government,  an  expedi- 
tion was  sent  out  against  the  Indians.  In  this  campaign 
was  fought  the  memorable  battle  of  Tippecanoe,  near  the 
"Wabash,  on  the  7th  of  ISTovember,  1811..  But,  although  the 
Indians  were  compelled  to  yield  to  the  superior  force  of  the 
army  under  Gen.  Harrison,  their  vindictive  spirit  was  not 
subdued.  And  it  was  evident,  before  the  Declaration  of 
War  against  Great  Britain  in  1812,  that  some  of  the  tribes 
were  not  disposed  to  remain  at  peace  with  the  white  people, 


THE    INDIAN    TROUBLES.  75 

and  that  in  the  event  of  a  war  with  Great  Britain,  thej'  would 
give  aid  to  that  power. 

Scarcely  had  hostilities  between  the  two  countries  com- 
menced before  these  apprehensions  were  realized ;  and  it 
became  necessary  for  the  inhabitants  to  provide  means  of 
safety.  The  expedient  adopted  was  the  building  oi  forts  and 
block-houses  by  the  people  of  the  several  settlements.  These 
forts,  or  stockades,  were  made  of  two  rows  [sometimes  but 
one  row]  of  split  timbers  12  to  14  feet  long,  planted  in  the 
ground  2h  or  3  feet  deep.  The  timbers  of  the  second  row 
were  so  placed  as  to  cover  the'  cracks  of  the  first.  Small 
cabins  were  erected  inside  of  the  stockades  for  the  accom- 
modation of  the  families.  "  Usually,"  says  the  writer  of  this 
description,  "  one  block-house  was  built  in  each  fort.  These 
block-houses  were  two  stories  high,  the  upper  story  project- 
ing over  the  lower,  say  two  feet,  with  port-holes  in  the  floor 
of  the  projection,  so  that  the  men  could  see  to  shoot  the 
Indians  if  they  succeeded  in  getting  to  the  walls  of  the 
block-house.  There  Avere  also  port-holes  in  the  walls  of  the 
upper  and  lower  stories,  through  which  shooting  of  much 
execution  could  be  performed  as  the  foe  was  advancing," — 
[W.  a  Smith:\ 

It  is  said  by  those  who  assisted  in  their  erection,  and  occu- 
pied them,  that  the  block-house  was  at  a  corner  of  the  fort, 
the  second  story  extending  on  two  sides  several  feet  beyond 
the  marked  boundaries  of  the  fort.  The  projection  of  the 
second  story  beyond  the  walls  of  the  first,  was  generally 
between  three  and  four  instead  of  two  feet.  The  block- 
house thus  standing  out  a  few  feet  beyond  the  walls  of  the 
fort,  gave  ample  range  to  shoot  any  person  approaching  the 
fort  on  two  sides.  And,  by  placing  another  block-liouse  in 
the  diagonally  opposite  corner  of  the  fort,  the  other  two  sides 
of  the  fort  were  similarl}^  guarded. 

During  the  war  of  1812,  Indian  alarms  were  frequent,  and 
the  inhabitants  were  kept  constantly  in  a  state  of  disquiet. 
The  lands  purchased  in  1809,  called  the  "Twelve  Mile  Pur- 
chase," were  settled  rather  slowly.  A  few  settlements  were 
commenced  before  the  lands  were  surveyed.  But  during  the 
war  few  ventured  far  beyond  the  older  settlements.    IS  ot with- 


76  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

standing  forts  and  block-houses  were  built  for  the  protection 
of  the  inhabitants,  many,  especially  those  in  the  more  sparsely 
settled  places,  left  their  new  homes,  and  removed  to  places 
of  greater  security.  Some  took  up  a  temporary  abode  among 
the  denser  population  of  Wayne  township  ;  others  passed  the 
state  line  into  Ohio. 

After  the  series  of  successes  which  attended  our  arms 
against  the  British  and  the  Indians,  among  which  was  the 
capture,  by  Commodore  Perry,  of  the  British  fleet  on  Lake 
Erie  in  1813,  the  Miamis,  Pottawattamies,  and  other  tribes, 
sued  for  peace  with  the  United  States.  An  armistice  was 
agreed  on ;  and  in  July,  1814,  a  council  was  held  at  Green- 
ville, Ohio,  where  a  treaty  of  peace  was  negotiated  by  Gen. 
AVm.  H.  Harrison  and  Gov.  Lewis  Cass,  commissioners  on 
the  part  of  the  United.  States.  There  were  present  at  this 
council  about  4,000  souls,  chiefly  Miamis,  "Weas,  Delawares, 
Shawnees,  and  "Wyandots. 

To  the  incidents  connected  with  the  war  of  1812,  related 
in  the  foregoing  pages,  it  is  deemed  proper  to  add,  that  this 
war  was  a  source  of  much  trouble  to  the  Friends.  They  were 
much  harassed  on  account  of  their  refusal  to  do  military 
duty.  Some  were  repeatedly  drafted  and  fined ;  and  their 
property  was  sold  at  an  enormous  sacrifice  to  pay  the  fines. 
A  valuable  wagon,  for  instance,  was  sold  at  auction  for  five 
dollars,  and  various  other  kinds  of  property  in  about  the 
same  proportion.  Four  young  men  were  imprisoned  in  the 
county  jail  in  winter;  and  to  extort  from  them  a  promise  of 
compliance,  fire  was  denied  them.  Their  suft'erings  must 
have  been  intolerable  but  for  the  partial  relief  aflbrded  by 
Dr.  David  F.  Sacket,  the  county  Recorder,  and  Jesse  Bond, 
then  living  where  Earlham  College  now  is  ;  the  former  hand- 
ing hot  bricks  through  the  grates,  and  the  latter  blankets. 
"Suits,"  says  Judge  Hoover,  "were  subsequently  brought 
against  the  officers  for  false  imprisonment.  The  trials  were 
had  in  Brookville,  in  Franklin  county.  They  all  recovered 
damages ;  but  I  have  every  reason  to  believe  that  the  whole 
of  the  damages  and  costs  was  paid  out  of  moneys  extorted 
from  others  of  the  Friends.  To  cap  the  climax  of  absurdity 
and  outrage,  the   gentlemen  officers  arrested   an  old  man 


CONDITION  OF  THE  SETTLERS  AFTER  THE  WAR.       77 

named  Jacob  Elliott,  and  tried  him  by  a  court-martial  for 
treason,  found  him  guilty,  and  sentenced  him  to  be  shot! 
but  gave  him  a  chance  to  run  away  in  the  dark,  they  firing 
oti"  their  guns  at  the  same  time."  Many  other  instances  of 
cruelty  to  these  people  might  be  given. 

Condition  of  the  Settlers  after  the  War. 

Peace  ended  the  Indian  alarms,  but  it  did  not  bring  pros- 
perity to  the  settlers.  They  returned  to  their  lands  and  re- 
sumed their  labors;  but  their  struggles  against  poverty  were  not 
ended.  They  were  remote  from  market;  consequently  goods 
were  high  and  farmers'  produce  was  low.  The  day-books  of 
an  early  merchant  in  Kichmond,  embracing  the  years  from 
1818  to  1822,  show  the  following  prices  : 

Philip  Harter,  the  early  tavern  keeper,  stands  charged  with 
cotton  yarn  at  $1  per  lb.;  brown  shirting,  43|-  cents  per  yard; 
John  McLane,  by  J.  Albertson,  1  handsaw,  $3 ;  2  pr.  butt 
hinges,  at  50c.  Cornelius  Ratcliff",  1  lb.  powder,  62Jc. ;  5  lbs. 
shot,  at  18fc.;  1  skimmer,  37ic.  Stephen  Cox,  3  yds.  steam 
loom  shirting,  at  62|c,  Francis  Clark,  27  lbs.  iron,  at  14c. 
"We  find  tea  charged  at  $2.50  per  lb. ;  pepper,  at  75c. ;  powder, 
75c.;  1  set  knives  and  forks,  $3.75  ;  1  quart  measure,  [tin,] 
31jc. ;  1  pint  measure,  18|c. ;  window  glass,  [7  by  9  in  those 
days,]  10  cents  per  light;  knitting  needles,  12ic.  [per  set, 
probably ;]  a  Jews'  harp,  12|c. ;  calico,  at  50c. ;  1  bot.  opodel- 
doc, 50c.  Adam  Boyd,  the  early  wagon  maker  and  justice,  is 
charged  to  camphor  at  37|c.  per  ounce  ;  Nathan  Hockett,  to 
ginger,  at  75c.  per  lb.,  and  2  oz.  assafoetida,  at  25c.  per  ounce. 

Clerks  and  bookkeepers,  in  these  later  days  of  "business 
colleges,"  would,  we  imagine,  be  not  a  little  puzzled  to  reckon, 
carry  out,  and  foot  up  bills  or  lists  of  goods  charged  at  43|, 
37i,  31j,  and  18|  cents  per  yard  or  per  pound.  And  they 
would  perhaps  wonder  why  these  fractional  prices  were  ever 
affixed  to  articles  of  any  kind.  The  young  reader  will  find  the 
difficulty  attending  the  old  mode  of  reckoning  greatly  dimin- 
ished, if  he  should  call  43f  cent,  3s.  6d. ;  37|  cents,  3s. ;  31 J  cents, 
2s.  6d.;  18|  cents,  Is.  6d. ;  12J  cents,  Is.;  6^  cents,  6d.,  as  in 
those  states  where  the  dollar  was  8s.  The  Spanish  silver  coin, 
consisting  of  the  dollar,  half-dollar,  quarter,  eighth,  and  six- 
teenth, was  well  adapted  to  the  custom  of  those  times.     For 


78  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

example :  4  ycls.  cloth,  at  3s.  6d,,  would  cost  14s.,=$1.75 ;  6 
yds.  calico,  at  2s.  6d.,  15s.,=.$1.87J;  4  lbs.  shot,  at  Is.  6d. 
6s.;=75  cents. 

But  the  high  prices  of  merchants'  goods  were  but  one-half 
of  the  farmer's  misfortune;  he  had  to  sell  the  products  of  his 
farm  proportionally  as  much  lower  than  farmers  now  do,  as 
farmers  then  paid  higher  for  goods.  The  low  prices  of  farm 
products  at  a  very  early  day  have  been  already  stated.  But 
they  continued  many  years.  Samuel  K.  Boyd,  about  the  year 
1826,  started  with  a  drove  of  hogs  from  Jacksonburg  for  Cin- 
cinnati. He  left  them  at  Hamilton,  and  went  to  Cincinnati,  to 
contract  a  sale.  He  was  offered  but  60  cents  per  100  lbs., 
dressed.  Unwilling  to  sell  at  that  price,  he  drove  his  hogs 
home,  fed  them  two  months  longer,  butchered  them,  and  sold 
the  pork  for  80  cents  a  hundred.  At  another  time  he  went 
with  a  four-horse  team,  taking  16  barrels  of  flour,  the  empty 
barrels  having  cost  62J  cents.  He  sold  the  flour  with  the  bar- 
rels for  about  90  cents  a  barrel.  He  once  went  after  a  load  of 
merchants'  goods,  and  took  for  loading  down  about  1,000 
pounds  of  corn  meal,  which  he  could  not  sell  at  all.  He  was 
about  to  throw  it  into  the  river,  but  concluded  to  give  it  to  the 
poor,  and  actually  peddled  it  about  town  among  those  willing 
to  accept  it  as  a  gift.  And  he  sold  wheat  in  Kichmond,  at  a 
still  later  date,  for  33J-  cents  a  bushel.  Lewis  Burk,  in  1830, 
bought  500  bushels  of  corn  for  |50. 

In  some  families,  more  flax  and  tow  linen  was  made  than 
was  wanted  for  summer  wear,  and  the  remainder  was  exchanged 
at  the  stores  for  calico  or  some  other  kinds  of  cotton  cloth,  to 
make  dresses  for  women  to  wear  to  meeting,  or  for  other 
necessaries.  Many  men,  as  well  as  their  wives  and  children, 
went  barefoot  in  summer.  To  procure  their  salt,  several 
neighbors  would  join  in  sending  a  wagon  to  Cincinnati  in  the 
fall,  carrying  maple  sugar,  deer  skins,  raccoon  skins,  oats,  etc., 
and  perhaps  a  little  money,  and  returning  with  a  load,  chiefly 
of  salt,  intended  for  the  year's  supply.  The  journey  was 
made  in  about  ten  days,  sometimes  in  a  week. 

The  price  of  labor  was  nominally  25  to  30  cents  a  day, 
and  of  corn  10  to  12  cents  a  bushel.  But  even  at  these  prices 
they  did  not  bring  money.  When  wheat  was  about  ripe  on 
the  Miami,  companies  of  men  would  be  seen  going  on  foot 


CONDITION    OP    THE    SETTLERS    AFTER    THE    WAR.  79 

to  Butler  Co.,  Ohio,  where  harvest  hamls  were  paid  50  to  62h 
cents  a  day.  This,  considering  the  distance  to  be  traveled 
and  the  shortness  of  the  harvesting  season,  was  earning 
money  dearly.  Times  at  length  changed  for  the  better. 
Cincinnati  became  a  market  for  fat  hogs  and  cattle,  w^hich 
w^ere  sent  thither  in  droves.  And  about  the  year  1830,  mer- 
chants in  some  of  the  towns  began  to  buy  pork  for  packing, 
and  farmers  were  hired  to  transport  the  meat  to  market,  and 
returned  wdth  merchants'  goods ;  and  thus  paid  in  part  for 
family  necessaries. 

But  besides  supporting  their  families,  their  lauds  were  to  be 
2)aid  for.  Lands  were  at  lirst  bought  principally  on  time. 
The  price  was  $2  per  acre.  A  person  could  "enter"  a  quarter 
section  [160  acres]  by  paying  §80 ;  the  remainder  to  be  paid 
in  sums  of  $80  j^early.  If  the  wdiole  w^ere  not  paid  in  five 
years,  the  claim  was  forfeited.  The  land  w^as  not  liable  to 
taxation  before  the  expiration  of  the  five  years.  As  Congress 
sold  to  no  person  less  than  a  quarter  section,  poor  men  joined 
in  the  purchase,  and  divided  the  land.  During  the  hard 
times  that  succeeded  the  war  of  1812,  in  consequence  of  the 
depreciation  of  paper  money  and  other  causes,  many  w^ere 
unable  to  make  further  payments,  and  forfeited  their  lands. 
For  the  relief  of  such.  Congress  passed  an  act  making  the 
certificate  of  entrance  receivable  on  the  land  it  covered,  or 
on  other  Congress  land.  By  a  later  act,  the  price  of  laud 
was  reduced  to  $1.25  per  acre,  cash.  Another  act  allowed 
the  division  of  quarter  sections  into  half-quarters,  or  lots  of 
80  acres  each ;  so  that,  with  a  certificate  for  the  payment 
of  $80,  and  $20  in  cash,  a  person  could  buy  80  acres.  This 
enabled  some  to  save  their  homes  and  improvements.  Others, 
unable  to  raise  the  $20,  lost  their  lands.  Speculators,  finding 
that  certificates  were  transferable,  taking  advantage  of  the 
necessity  of  these  poor  settlers,  bought  their  certificates  at 
a  large  discount.  Tw^o  or  more  persons  were  sometimes 
gathering  money  to  buy  the  same  piece  of  land,  wdiicli,  if  it 
became  known,  w^ould  cause  a  race  to  the  land  oifice  at  Cin- 
cinnati, to  secure  the  laud.  Some  wdio  had  saved  one-half 
of  the  land  they  had  entered,  and  W' ere  striving  hard  to  pay 
for  the  other  half,  were  defeated  by  men  who  had  gone  to 
the  land  ofiice  and  got  possession  of  it. 


80  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 


CIVIL  HISTORY. 


Formation  and  Organization  of  Wayne  County. 

Wayne  County  was  formed  in  1810.  It  was  composed  of 
that  part  of  Dearborn  county  lying  east  of  the  Twelve  Mile 
Purchase  and  between  the  north  and  south  lines  of  the  new 
county,  together  with  that  portion  of  the  Purchase  lying  be- 
tween those  lines.  The  strip  west  of  the  Purchase  was  not  ac- 
quired until  about  the  year  1820.  The  county  business  was 
done  by  the  county  judges,  who  were  Peter  Fleming,  Aaron 
Martin,  and  Jeremiah  Meek.  George  Hunt  was  clerk;  John 
Turner,  sheriff";  and  James  l^oble,  prosecuting-attorney. 

The  first  court  was  held  February  25,  1811,  at  the  house  of 
Richard  Rue,  three  miles  south  of  Richmond.  No  judicial 
business  seems  to  have  been  done  at  this  court.  The  court 
divided  the  county  into  two,  districts  or  townships,  and  ap- 
pointed officers  for  them.  For  the  first  district,  David  Rails- 
back  and  John  Shaw  were  appointed  overseers  of  the  poor; 
Abraham  Gaar,  John  Collins,  and  Lewis  Little,  fence  viewers. 
For 'the  second  district,  David  Galbraith  and  George  Smith, 
overseers  of  the  poor ;  Wm.  Fonts,  Nathaniel  McClure,  and 
Robert  Hill,  fence  viewers.  A  committee  was  also  appointed 
to  adjust  the  accounts  of  the  overseers  of  the  poor,  viz:  David 
Carson,  Timothy  Hunt,  Samuel  Jobe,  Jacob  Meek,  Elijah 
Fisher,  and  George  Holman. 

The  next  session  of  the  court  was  held  at  the  same  place, 
the  next  month.  A  grand  jury  was  for  the  first  time  im- 
paneled in  the  county.  The  names  of  the  jurors  were:  Jesse 
Davenport,  David  Fonts,  Joseph  Cox,  Charles  Wright,  John 
Burk,  Wright  Lancaster,  Robert  Galbraith,  Isaac  Williams, 
John  Smith,  Benj.  Small,  John  Townsend,  John  Burgess,  Wm. 
Blunt,  Michael  Snider,  Peter  Weaver,  Benj.  Harvey,  Joshua 
Meek,  John  Beard,  Benj.  Jarvis,  James  Gordon,  Harvey 
Miller,  Lewis  Little,  Wm.  Graham.     The  court  consisted,  it  is 


LOCATION  OF  COUNTY  SEAT.  81 

said,  of  Jesse  L.  Ilolmaii,  circuit  judge;  Peter  Fleming  iand 
Aaron  Martin,  associates.  It  is  said,  also,  that  the  court  was 
held  in  the  woods,  and  the  seats  consisted  of  family  chairs  and 
logs;  and  that  the  jurors  retired  for  deliberation  to  logs  at  a 
suitable  distance.  Judge  Hoover  says,  in  his  Alemoir :  "  One 
of  the  first  courts  convened  under  the  shade  of  a  tree,  Judge 
Park  presiding."  The  two  statements  differ  as  to  the  presiding 
judge.  Probably  they  refer  to  courts  held  at  different  times. 
The  names  of  the  jurors,  who  are  said  to  have  sat  on  the  first 
petty-jury  trial,  are  John  Benton,  John  Drake,  John  Arm- 
strong, ISTathaniel  Scire,  Thomas  Bulla,  Samuel  Hunt,  Harvey 
Druley,  David  F.  Sacket,  Joel  Ferguson,  Benj.  Smith,  Jesse 
Davenport. 

Location  of  the  County  Seat. 

The  act  of  the  territorial  legislature  which  formed  Wayne 
county  in  1810,  named  John  Cox,  John  Addington,  and  George 
Holman,  as  commissioners  to  locate  the  county  seat,  on  or  be- 
fore the  first  Monday  of  the  following  May,  and  the  house  of 
Richard  Rue  as  the  place  for  holding  courts  until  a  court- 
house was  completed.  The  late  Dr.  Plummer,  in  his  "His- 
torical Sketch,"  quotes  from  John  B.  Stitt  as  follows  : 

"  At  the  June  term,  1811,  the  commissioners  a}ipointed  by  an 
act  of  the  legislature,  having  failed  to  discharge  their  duty  ac- 
cording to  law,  in  selecting  a  seat  of  justice  for  the  county,  the 
court  declared  their  duties  ended,  and  appointed  in  their  stead 
Samuel  Walker,  Richard  Maxwell,  and  Benj.  Harris." 

The  natural  inference  from  this  statement  is,  that  the  first 
commissioners  were  chargeable  with  negligence.  A  difierent 
version  of  this  matter,  from  a  reliable  source,  is  as  follows : 

Richard  Rue  and  Ephraim  Overman  were  members  of  the 
territorial  legislature  of  1810,  from  the  county  of  Dearborn,  of 
which  the  present  county  of  Wayne  formed  a  part.  There 
were  then  but  three  counties  in  the  territory,  Knox,  Clark,  and 
Dearborn.  Residing  within  the  limits  of  the  present  county 
of  Wayne,  these  gentlemen  were  active  in  support  of  the  act 
authorizing  its  formation.  The  commissioners  to  locate  the 
county  seat  were  John  Addington,  George  Holman,  and  John 
Cox.    The  law  prescribing  their  duties  and  fixing  the  time  and 


82  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

the  place  of  their  meeting,  did  not  reach  the  court,  then  held  at 
Rue's,  until  about  a  month  after  its  publication.  On  its  recep- 
tion, the  commissioners  were  promptly  notified  to  meet.  They 
appeared  and  were  qualified,  and  proceeded  to  the  discharge  of 
their  duties. 

Instructed  by  the  act  to  fix  the  county  seat  near  the  geographi- 
cal center,  Addington  and  Holman  designated  a  quarter  section 
about  three-fourths  of  a  mile  north  of  the  present  town  of  Cen- 
terville.  Cox  dissented,  alleging  that  they  were  not  authorized 
to  select  land  not  yet  sold  by  the  Government;  though  it  had 
been  advertised  for  sale  in  the  coming  October.  The  court  sus- 
tained the  views  of  the  minority,  refused  to  receive  the  report, 
and  appointed  three  other  commissioners,  as  above  stated,  who 
reported,  "That  the  permanent  seat  of  justice  is  and  shall  be 
on  the  donation  of  Samuel  Woods  of  65  acres  in  the  13th 
township,  range  3d,  with  a  small  reserve."  And  the  court 
ordered,  "  that  the  town  in  Wayne,  or  the  seat  of  justice,  shall 
be  called  Salisbury."  Smith  Hunt,  Samuel  Woods,  and  James 
Brown  were  appointed  trustees  to  lay  off  the  lots,  and  Andrew 
Woods  and  John  Meek,  Sen.,  to  superintend  the  building  of  a 
jail  and  an  estray  pen. 

This  action  of  the  court  was  denounced  by  the  friends  of  the 
central  location.  The  land  being  within  the  bounds  of  the 
county  as  fixed  by  the  law  of  the  state,  they  regarded  the  ob- 
jection that  the  unsold  lands  were  out  of  the  jurisdiction  of 
the  court,  as  utterly  invalid,  and  the  decision  as  a  flagrant  out- 
rage. A  paper  was  circulated  to  take  the  sense  of  the  citizens 
in  respect  to  the  legality  of  the  action  of  the  court,  designed 
to  be  presented  to  the  court.  The  result  showed  330  in  favor 
of  the  report  of  the  legislative  committee,  and  150  approving 
the  action  of  the  court. 

A  log  court-house  for  temporary  use,  and  a  jail  of  hewed, 
square  logs,  were  built,  and  were  soon  followed  by  a  brick 
court-house. 

Salisbury  having  now  become  an  incorporated  town — the 
earliest  in  the  county — and  its  citizens  having  secured — per- 
manently, as  they  supposed — the  public  buildings,  they  an- 
ticipated a  long  and  prosperous  career.  In  this,  however,  they 
were  disappointed.     Efitbrts  were  soon  made  for  the  removal 


OUGANIZATION   OF   TOWXSHIPS.  83 

of  tbe  county  seat  to  Centerville.  lu  the  midst  of  the  bitter 
strife  between  tbe  Salisbury  and  Centerville  parties,  originating 
with  the  action  of  the  court  before  mentioned,  and  lasting 
several  years,  an  act  was  passed,  in  1816,  authorizing  the  re- 
moval of  the  county  seat  to  Centerville ;  provided,  however, 
that  the  citizens  furnish,  without  expense  to  the  county,  public 
buildings  as  good,  and  of  the  same  dimensions,  as  those  at 
Salisbury. 

After  the  removal  of  the  county  seat,  Salisbury  was  rapidly 
deserted.  The  few  frame  and  brick  buildings  were  taken 
down,  and  some  of  them  moved  to  Richmond.  The  bricks  in 
the  building  on  the  south-east  corner  of  Main  and  Pearl  streets, 
known  as  Ham's  corner,  were  formerly  in  the  court-house  at 
Salisbury.  There  remains  nothing  on  the  site  indicating  that 
a  town  was  ever  there.  The  ground  on  which  it  stood  is  now 
a  part  of  the  farm  of  Enoch  Railsback. 

The  early  records  of  the  county  are  incomplete ;  and  none  are 
to  be  found  of  a  date  earlier  than  1812.  The  claims  allowed 
that  year  for  w^olf  scalps  amounted  to  the  sum  of  §12.75,  the 
bounty  being  $1  each.  In  1813,  the  amount  was  §13.  Among 
the  names  of  persons  receiving  wolf  bounties,  were  those  of 
Robert  Morrisson  and  George  Shugart. 

The  receipts  into  the  treasury  in  1815  were  as  follows :  For 
town  lots,  §34.68.  Store  licenses,  §86.86.  Tax  on  horses, 
$7.39.  Slaves,  §20.  Men  of  color,  §15.  First  rate  lands, 
§23.59;  second  rate,  §292.63;  third  rate,  $53.34.  Total, 
§1,265.10,  not  including  fines  for  breaches  of  the  peace,  assault 
and  battery,  swearing,  etc.,  which  were  lodged  in  the  hands  of 
the  sheriff  and  clerk.     In  1816,  wolf  claims  amounted  to  §84. 

Organization  of  Toimiships. 

The  first  Constitution  of  the  State  of  Indiana  was  adopted 
in  1816.  Certain  duties  which  had  been  performed  by  the 
county  judges,  were  by  the  constitution  devolved  upon  a  board 
of  county  commissioners.  The  first  board,  composed  of  Thomas 
J.  Warman,  James  Odell,  and  Thomas  Beard,  met  in  Febru- 
ary, 1817. 

The  commissioners  laid  oft"  the  following  six  townships, 
which  then  composed  the  county  : 

Washington,  in  the  south-west  corner  of  the  county;  elec- 


84  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

tion  to  be  held  at  Waterloo.  Harrison,  east  of  Washingtoi], 
to  the  Ohio  state  line;  election  at  John  Williams's.  Jackson, 
north  of  Washington  ;  election  at  Jacksonburg.  Wayne,  east 
of  Jackson,  to  the  state  line;  election  at  Thomas  Lamb's. 
Perry,  north-west  part  of  the  county.  'New  Garden,  east  of 
Perry,  to  the  state  line.  Elections  were  to  be  held  in  June, 
for  the  election  of  justices  of  the  peace  in  the  several  townships. 

The  commissioners  appointed  for  the  several  townships  the 
following  officers : 

Inspectors  of  Elections — Train  Caldwell,  Washington  ;  Renne 
Julian,  Jackson;  Abraham  Elliott,  Perry;  Benj.  Harris,  New 
Garden ;  John  Stewart,  Wayne  ;  Joseph  Cox,  Harrison.  Con- 
stables—  Peason  Davis,  Washington;  Samuel  D.  Lothian, 
Jackson;  John  Bailey,  son  of  Hugh,  Perr}';  John  Whitehead, 
Harrison;  Thomas  T.  Lewis,  Wayne;  Tense  Massey,  Kew 
Garden.  Listers — Stephen  Grifiith,  Washington;  Major  Dod- 
son,  Harrison;  Ezekiel  Leavel,  Jackson;  Henry  Hoover, 
Wayne;  Pleasant  Harris,  New  Garden.  County  Treasurer — 
John  Beard. 

At  the  meeting  in  May,  the  commissioners  fixed  the  rates  of 
tavern-keepers'  charges  as  follows:  For  a  meal,  25  cents; 
lodging,  6J  ;  Cognac  brandy,  rum,  or  wine,  |  pint,  50  ;  whisky, 
I  pt.,  12|;  cider,  qt.,  12|;  strong  beer,  qt.,  25;  horse,  night, 
bay  and  grain,  50;  hay  only,  25;  single  feed,  12|.  These 
rates  were  altered  from  time  to  time.  In  1820,  lodging  was 
judged  worth  12|^  cents.  Peach  brandy  was  added  to  the 
Hquor  list  at  25  cents  the  J  pint,  just  one-half  the  price  of  the 
imported  liquors.  And  in  1822,  the  price  of  a  meal  had  fallen 
to  18|  cents;  whisky  to  6Jc.,  and  peach  brandy  to  12Jc.,  the 
1^  pint.  Some  young  readers  may  wonder  why  these  fractional 
parts  of  a  cent  were  annexed  to  the  price  of  an  article,  and 
how,  in  paying  for  it,  the  exact  "change"  could  be  given. 
Those  wishing  to  know  are  referred  to  those  who  lived  when 
the  circulating  coin  consisted  chiefly  of  the  Spanish  silver  dol- 
lar, half-dollar,  quarter,  eighth,  and  sixteenth.  Or,  let  them 
divide  100  cents  by  2,  4,  8,  and  16,  and  they  need  make  no  in- 
quiry. 

John  C.  Kibbey  was  "  appointed  to  clear  the  old  court-house, 
hang  the  doors,  and  keep  the  same  in  repair;"   and  John  C. 


LOCATION    OF    COUNTY    SEAT — AGAIN.  85 

Kibbey  and  John  Sutherland  were  continued  "commissioners 
to  superintend  the  building  of  the  court-house  in  the  town 
of  Salisbury  with  the  same  authority  they  had  by  virtue  of 
their  appointment  by  the  court  of  the  county." 

In  August,  1817,  the  commissioners  met  for  the  last  time  at 
Salisbury.  It  was  "  ordered,  by  James  Odell  and  Thomas 
Beard,  that  the  board  adjourn  to  Centerville ;  the  other  com- 
missioner, Thomas  J.  Warman,  dissenting,  on  the  ground  of 
the  invalidit}^  of  the  papers  acce[>ted  at  the  special  meeting  in 
July,  and  executed  by  the  citizens  of  Centerville,  conveying 
the  count}-  grounds  and  buildings;  the  conditions  of  the  law 
authorizing  the  removal  of  the  site  not  having,  in  his  opinion, 
been  complied  with.  At  the  meeting  of  Odell  and  Beard,  at 
Centerville,  a  new  bond  was  executed,  signed  by  twenty-one 
citizens,  binding  themselves  to  furnish  the 'county  a  court- 
house equal  in  value  and  convenience  to  the  one  then  at  Salis- 
bury. Their  names  were,  Joseph  Holman,  Wm.  Sumner, 
Isaac  Julian,  Levi  Jones,  John  Maxwell,  Lewis  Thomas,  Xa- 
than  Overman,  Patrick  Beard,  James  Jenkins,  Larkin  Rey- 
nolds, AYm.  Harvey,  Wm.  Hosier,  Greenbury  Cornelius,  John 
Harvey,  Francis  Culbertson,  Jacob  K  Booker,  Shubael  Julian, 
Thomas  Jones,  Jeremiah  Meek,  David  Galbraith,  Robert  Cul- 
bertson, Jacob  Griffin,  Jesse  Ross,  David  J.  Wood,  Samuel 
King.  [Robert  Galbraith's  name  does  not  appear  among  the 
signatures.] 

In  the  spring  of  1818,  the  court  was  held  at  Centerville. 
The  next  year  the  question  was  brought  before  the  court 
whether  Salisbury  or  Centerville  was  the  county  seat.  Sa3's 
Dr.  Plummer  :  "  Ttie  presiding  judge,  John  Watts,  was  ab- 
sent. The  associate  judges,  William  McLane  and  Jesse  Daven- 
port, were  of  the  opposite  opinion  in  this  matter.  Their  de- 
cision was,  'that  the  seat  of  justice  was  permanently  estab- 
lished at  Salisbury;  that  the  act  of  December  21,  1816,  not 
having  a  sufficient  repealing  clause,  has  not  removed  it;  but 
that  the  act  of  January  28,  1816,  authorized  the  court  to  hold 
their  pro  tempore  session  in  the  town  of  Centerville,  until  the 
legislature  should  otherwise  direct.'"  As  the  legislature  has 
never  otherwise  directed,  the  legal  county  seat,  according  to  the 
decision  of  these  judges,  must  still  be  at  Salisbury  ! 


Ob  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  commissioners  as  late  as  1820,  August 
term,  opposition  to  Centerville  was  manifested.  Julian  and 
Harris  voted  to  adjourn  to  Centerville,  Enos  Grave  dissented, 
and  entered  his  protest  on  the  record,  on  the  ground  that  the 
law  of  December  21,  1816,  had  not  been  complied  with,  and 
that  consequently  the  seat  of  justice  remained  at  Salisbury; 
and  he  did  not  sign  the  proceedings  of  the  commissioners. 
"Wm.  Sumner  produced  a  deed  for  the  public  square  in  Center- 
ville. The  commissioners  accepted  the  court-house  as  com- 
pleted, deeming  the  removal  act  to  have  been  fully  complied 
with  by  the  trustees  of  Centerville. 


WAYNE  COUNTY  OFFICIAL  EEGISTEE. 

County  Commissioners. 

Prior  to  the  adoption  of  the  Constitution  of  1816,  duties  now 
devolved  upon  the  board  of  county  commissioners,  were  per- 
formed by  the  county  judges.  The  first  board  held  its  first 
session  at  Salisbury,  and  was  composed  of  Thomas  J.  War- 
man,  James  Odell,  and  Thomas  Beard.  The  term  of  office  was 
three  years,  and  one  commissioner  was  to  be  elected  every  year. 
Hence  the  first  commissioners  were  required  so  to  class  them- 
selves as  that  one  should  serve  for  one  year,  another  for  two 
years,  and  the  other  for  three  years,  that  thereafter  one  should 
be  annually  elected.  Thomas  Beard  was  drawn  for  one  year; 
James  Odell  for  two  years ;  and  Thomas  J.  Warman  for  three 
years.  In  the  following  list|the  names  of  new  members  only, 
and  the  years  they  respectively  canae  into  office,  are  given.  If 
in  any  year  the  name  of  no  incoming  member  appears,  it  may 
be  presumed  that  some  one  had  been  re-elected : 

Thomas  Beard,  James  Odell,  Thomas  J.  Wai-man,  came  into  office  in 
1817;  Enos  Grave,  in  the  place  of  Beard,  in  1818.  Later,  the  same  year, 
Beale  Butler,  (probably  in  the  place  of  Odell,  resigned.)  Isaac  Julian, 
1819.  Benjamin  Harris,  1820.  John  Jones,  1821.  Peter  Johnson,  1822. 
William  Sumner,  1823. 

In  1824,  a  board,  composed  of  justices  of  the  peace  from  the 
several  townships,  was  substituted  for  the  commissioners;  one 
of  the  justices  being  chosen  by  the  board  as  president. 


WAYNE    COUNTY   OFFICIAL   REGISTEK.  87 

In  1824,  Barnabas  McManus  was  president.  In  the  same  year,  Daniel 
Fraley,  Jonathan  Platts,  Lot  Bloomfield — some  of  them  probably  as  presi- 
dent pro  tern.  In  1826,  Lot  Bloomfield,  Asa  M.  Sherman.  In  1828, 
Samuel  Hannah. 

The  office  of  commissioner  having  been  restored,  Jonathan  Platts, 
Jesse  Willetts,  and  Daniel  Eeid  came  into  office  in  1829.  Achilles  Will- 
iams, 1831.  Jonathan  Platts,  1832.  John  Bishop,  1833.  Gabriel  Newby, 
1835.  Philip  Saville,  1836.  Daniel  P.  Wiggins,  1837.  Thomas  McCoy, 
1838.  Daniel  Bradbury,  Daniel  Clark,  1839.  David  Commons,  1840. 
Larkin  Thornburgh,  1841.  Joseph  M.  Bulla,  1843.  Daniel  Sinks,  1845. 
William  Elliott,  1847.  Thomas  Tyner,  Dillon  Haworth,  1848.  Daniel  B. 
Crawford,  1849.  Ezra  Scoville,  John  Stigleman,  1850.  John  H.  Hutton, 
1852.  Andrew  Nicholson,  1854.  John  H.  Hutton,  1855.  Edmund  Law- 
rence, 1856.  Jonathan  Baldwin,  1857.  Daniel  B.  Crawford,  1861.  Oliver 
T.  Jones,  1863.  Isaac  A.  Pierce,  1865.  Andress  S.  Wiggins,  1868.  Will- 
iam Brooks,  1870. 

County  Judges. 

Wayne  county  was  organized  in  1810 ;  and  on  the  18th  of 
December,  Peter  Fleming,  Aaron  Martin,  and  Jeremiah  Meek 
were  appointed  judges  of  the  county  court,  and  George  Hunt, 
clerk,  who  held  the  office  several  years. 

March  25,  1812,  William  Harland  was  appointed  a  .judge.  Jan.  3, 
1814,  Peter  Fleming,  first  judge,  Aaron  Martin  and  Jeremiah  Meek, 
judges.  April  4,  1815,  Josiah  Davidson,  associate,  in  place  of  Judge  Mar- 
tin, resigned.     June  12,  1815,  David  Hoover. 

Appointments  after  the  adoption  of  the  state  constitution  of 
1816,  were  made  as  follows  : 

March,  1817,  Jesse  Davenport,  Wm.  McLane.  February,  1824,  John 
Jones,  John  Scott.  Aug.,  1829,  Caleb  Lewis,  Beale  Butler.  In  1830, 
Beale  Butler,  Asa  M.  Sherman.  March,  1837,  Jesse  Williams.  Feb., 
1839,  David  Hoover.  March,  1842,  James  E.  Mendenhall.  Aug.,  1S45, 
John  Beard.     Aug.,  1848,  Abner  M.  Bradbury. 

By  the  constitution  of  1850,  a  change  was  made  in  the 
judiciary  of  the  state,  as  will  appear  from  the  following  list  of 
officers  : 

Common  Pleas  and  District  Judges. 

Nimrod  H.  Johnson,  judge  of  Wayne  Com.  Pleas,  Oct.,  1852.  Wm.  P. 
Benton,  Com.  Pleas,  Oct.,  1856.  Jeremiah  Wilson,  Judge  of  6th  Judicial 
District,  Oct.,  1860.  John  F.  Kibbey,  March,  1865;  re-elected  in  1868; 
and  is  now  in  office. 

Judges  of  the   Criminal   Circuit   Court. 
Wm.  A.  Peelle,  appointed  by  the  Governor,  April,  1867.     Nimrod  H. 
Johnson,  Oct.,  1867;  died  in  office.     George  Holland,  appointed  May  10, 
1869,  and  afterward  elected;  term  expires  Oct.,  1876. 


88  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 


Presiding  Judges. 

Elijah  Sparks,  1815.  James  Noble,  June,  1815.  Jesse  L.  Holman, 
March,  1816.  John  Test,  March,  1817.  John  Watts,  Feb.,  1819.  Miles 
C.  Eggleston,  March,  1820.  Charles  H.  Test,  Feb.,  1830.  Samuel  Bigger, 
March,  1836.  James  Perry,  Nov.,  1840.  Jehu  T.  Elliott,  March,  1844. 
Oliver  P.  Morton,  judge  C.  C,  March,  1852.  Joseph  Anthony,  judge  C. 
C,  March,  1853.  Jeremiah  Smith,  judge  C.  C,  March,  1855.  Jehu  T.  El- 
liott, judge  C.  C,  March,  1856.  Silas  Colegrove,  judge  C.  C,  Feb.,  1865. 
Jacob  Haynes,  judge  C.  C,  elect;  term  commences  Feb.,  1872. 

Clerks  of  Courts. 

George  Hunt,  March,  1815.  David  Hoover,  Sept.,  1819.  Samuel  Han- 
nah, March,  1831.  John  Finley,  March,  1838.  Thomas  G.  Noble,  March, 
1845.  Andrew  F.  Scott,  March,  1852.  Solomon  Meredith,  March,  1860. 
Samuel  B.  Schlagle,  March,  1864;  died  in  office.  Moses  D.  Leeson,  ap- 
pointed Jan.,  1866.     Wm.  W.  Dudley,  1868;  now  in  office. 

Sheriffs  of  Wayiie  County. 

John  Turner,  March  4,  1815.  Elijah  Fisher,  Dec.  25,  1818.  Abraham 
Elliott,  Sept.  3,  1819.  Elias  Willetts,  Oct.  22, 1821.  Samuel  Hannah,  Oct. 
22,  1S23.  Wm.  McLane,  Feb.,  1826.  Jacob  R.  Fisher,  Aug.  28,  1829.  John 
Whitehead,  Aug.  28,  1830.  Solomon  Meredith,  Aug.  28,  1834.  Thomas 
G.  Noble,  Aug.  28,  1838.  William  Baker,  Aug.  28,  1842.  David  Gentry, 
Aug.  28,  1844.  William  Baker,  1848.  John  C.  Page,  Nov.  4,  1852.'  Jesse 
T.  Williams,  Nov.  12,  1856.  Joseph  L.  Stidham,  Nov.  13,  1858.  John  M. 
Paxson,-  Nov.  12,  1862.  Jacob  S.  Ballenger,  Nov.  13,  1866.  Wm.  H. 
Study,  Nov.  12,  1870. 

Auditors. 

Office  established  under  the  constitution  of  1850.  Francis  King; 
Thomas  Adams.  Benj.  L.  Martin,  Nov.  1,  1855.  Sylvester  Johnson,  Nov. 
1,  1863.     Elihu  M.  Parker,  Nov.  1,  1871. 

Recorders. 

David  F.  Sackett;  James  Woods.  Henry  Beitzell,  March  19,  1852. 
Theodore  J.  Riley,  March  18,  I860.  Jonathan  R.  Whitacre,  March,  1864. 
Jesse  E.  Jones,  term  to  commence  March,  1872. 

Treasurers. 

Jason  Ham,  came  into  office,  1841.  Achilles  Williams,  1844.  Wm.  W. 
Lynde,  Aug.  18,  1853.  Christy  B.  Huff,  Aug.  13,  1859.  Henry  B.  Rupe, 
Aug.  13,  1863.     John  Sim,  Oct.  30,  1867. 


WAYNE    COUNTY    OFFICIAL    REGISTER.  89 

Justices  of  the  Peace. 

Prior  to  the  adoption  of  the  state  constitution  of  1816,  all 
judges  and  justices  of  the  peace  were  appointed  and  commis- 
sion.ed  by  the  Governor.  In  October,  1809,  the  year  before  the 
formation  of  Wayne  county,  Jeremiah  Meek,  Jesse  Davenport, 
John  Ireland,  Abraham  Elliott,  and  John  Cox  were  appointed 
justices  of  the  peace  for  Dearborn  county.  After  the  organ- 
ization of  Wayne  county,  David  Hoover,  John  Ireland,  and 
Jesse  Davenport  were  appointed  justices  for  this  county. 
Probably  other  appointments  were  made  before  the  state  gov- 
ernment under  the  constitution  of  1816  was  formed,  after 
which  justices  were  elected  by  the  people  in  their  respective 
townships. 

It  has  been  impossible  to  find  a  complete  record  of  tlie  jus- 
tices of  the  county  since  its  organization.  The  following  in- 
complete list  is  taken  from  the  county  records.  The  names  of 
the  townships  in  which  tliey  were  respectively  chosen,  do  not 
appear  on  the  records. 

The  number  of  the  year  given  is  that  in  which  the  term  of 
office  commenced  : 

1817 — Isaac  Julian,  Isaac  Estep,  J.  Flint,  Jolin  Xelson,  Adam  Boj-d, 
John  Marshall,  Ira  Hunt,  John  McLane.  1818 — Jacob  Hoover.  1820 — 
Josiali  Bradbury,  Jacob  N.  Booker.  1823— Samuel  Taylor.  1824— Eli 
Wright,  Wm.  Brown,  John  Finley.  1825 — Richard  L.  Leeson,  Levi  Wil- 
letts,  Joseph  Personett,  Wm.  Elliott,  Lot  Bloomfield,  Andrew  Carrington, 
(prolDably.)  1826— Edward  Starbuck,  Daniel  Clark,  Benj.  F.  Beeson. 
1827 — Jesse  Allison,  S.  G.  Sperry,  Eleazar  Smith,  Richard  Henderson,  Wm. 
Rupey.  1828 — Jesse  Williams,  Edmund  Jones,  Elijah  Lacey,  Absalom 
Cornelius,  Jesse  Willetts,  John  Stigleman,  Jonathan  Platts,  John  D.  Rob- 
ertson, James  Wickersham.  1829 — Isaiah  Osborn,  James  P.  Antrim, 
Joseph  Curtis,  Wm.  Wright,  James  Beeson,  Daniel  Strattan,  Abner  M. 
Bradbury,  George  Springer,  Jehiel  R.  Lamson,  Benj.  Beeson,  James  P. 
Burgess,  Lewis  R.  Strong,  Lot  Day,  Abi'aham  Jefferis.  1830 — James 
Baxter,  John  M.  Addleman,  Rice  Wharton,  Wm.  SwafFord,  Joseph  Flint. 
1831 — John  Brady,  Samuel  Johnson,  Edward  Starbuck,  Rice  Wharton, 
Jesse  Osborn,  Preserved  L.  W.  McKee.  1832 — Jonathan  Platts,  John 
Bradbury,  Samuel  G.  Sperry,  Thomas  Cooper.  1834 — Absalom  Wright, 
Corbin  Jackson,  Joseph  Curtis,  Abraham  Cuppy,  Wm.  Lambert,  Jacob 
Brooks,  Richard  Jobes.  1848 — George  Develin,  David  Cornelius,  Edward 
Wiley,  Miles  Marshall,  Edward  C.  Lemon,  Richard  Jobes,  John  McLucas, 
Ithamar  Beeson.     1849 — Thomas  AVilson,  Alfred  Moore. 


90  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 


NEWSPAPERS. 


The  early  history  of  newspapers  in  the  county  is  given  by 
Dr.  John  T.  Pluramer  in  his  "  Historical  Sketch  "  published 
in  1857.  As  he  came  to  Richmond  before  the  first  paper 
printed  in  Eichmond  was  discontinued,  he  wrote  from  personal 
knowleda^e.  His  sketch,  therefore,  is  resrarded  as  the  most  re- 
liable  source  of  information,  and  contains  the  substance  of  the 
following  history  of  newspapers  in  Richmond  to  the  date  of 
his  book. 

J^eiospajjers  in  Richmond. 

The  first  newspaper  published  in  Richmond  was  the  Bich- 
mond  Weekly  Intelligencer.  Dr.  Plumraer  says  he  had  no  means 
of  ascertaining  when  it  was  begun,  but  a  number  was  certainly 
published  so  early  as  December  29,  1821.  The  printing  oflice 
was  on  Eront  street,  south  of  Main.  Its  editor  was  Elijah 
Lacey,  who  had  associated  with  him  as  publisher  John  Scott, 
afterward  judge,  and  editor  of  the  Western  Emporium,  pub- 
lished at  Centerville.     It  was  discontinued,  he  says,  in  1824. 

The  second  paper  was  the  Public  Ledger.,  the  first  number 
of  which  was  dated  March  6,  1824.  Its  first  editor  and  pub- 
lisher was  Edmund  S.  Buxton,  until  JSTovember  11, 1825,  when 
it  was  brought  under  the  firm  of  Buxton  &  Walling,  and  by 
them  continued  about  a  year.  It  then  passed  into  the  hands 
of  Samuel  B.  Walling,  the  late-named  partner,  [1826,]  and 
was  discontinued  in  June,  1828.  It  was  printed  in  a  small 
one-story  frame  house  on  lot  2,  Smith's  addition. 

A  third  paper,  the  Richmond  Palladium,  was  commenced 
January  1,  1831,  by  Nelson  Boon,  who  conducted  it  but  six 
months,  when  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  Thomas  J.  Larsh, 
and  was  conducted  by  him  eighteen  mouths ;  next  by  David 
P.  HoUoway  one  year;  by  Fiuley  &  Holloway  two  years;  by 
John  Einley  one  year.  It  then  [Jan.  1837]  passed  to  David 
P.  Holloway  and  Benj.  W.  Davis,  by  whom,  under  the  firm  of 
Holloway  &  Davis,  it  has  been  continued  to  the  present  time, 


NEWSPAPERS    IN    EICHMOND.  91 

though  edited  chiefly  for  the  last  ten  years  by  Davis,  his  part- 
ner having  been  during  this  time  at  the  city  of  Washington. 

The  Jeffej^sonianwas  estabhshed  in  1836  by  an  association  of 
Democrats  called  "  Hickory  Club,"  and  edited  principally  by 
Samuel  E.  Perkins,  afterward  a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
and  one  Talcott,  a  young  lawyer.  In  the  fall  of  1837,  Lynde 
Elliott  purchased  the  establishment,  and  published  and  edited 
the  paper  until  1839,  when  its  publication  was  suspended,  and 
the  printing  materials  became  the  property  of  Daniel  Reid. 
In  tlie  same  year,  Samuel  E.  Perkins  bought  the  property  of 
Reid,  and  revived  the  Jeffersovian,  which  he  edited  and  pub- 
lished till  1840,  when  James  Elder  became  its  proprietor,  by 
whom  it  was  published  until  1804,  from  which  time  its  publi- 
cation was  for  several  years  suspended.  In  1870,  Mr.  Elder 
revived  the  paper,  or  rather,  perhaps,  established  a  new  one, 
entitled  Democratic  Herald,  which,  in  1871,  was  purchased  by 
Wm.  Thistlethwaite,  its  present  proprietor. 

The  Indiana  Farmer  was  commenced,  in  1851,  by  Ilolloway 
&  Dennis,  and  was  soon  discontinued. 

The  Broad  Axe  of  Freedom  was  established  in  1855,  by  Jam- 
ison &  Johnson,  journeymen  printers  in  the  Palladium  oihce. 
It  soon  changed  hands,  and,  by  a  succession  of  proprietors,  it 
was  continued  until  the  close  of  1864,  when  the  press  and  type 
were  purchased  by  Isaac  H.  Julian,  and  the  paper  merged  in 
the  Indiana  True  Bejjublican,  previously  published  by  Mr. 
Julian  at  Centerville,  and  removed  by  him  to  Richmond,  Jan. 
1,  1865,  when  its  name  was  changed  to  Indiana  Radical.  It  is 
still  published  by  him. 

The  Lily,  previously  published  in  New  York  city  by  Amelia 
Bloomer,  was  transplanted  in  Richmond,  in  1854,  and  was 
continued  by  Mary  E.  Birdsall,  a  few  years,  and  subsequently, 
for  a  short  time,  by  Mary  F.  Thomas,  at  present  a  physician 
in  Richmond. 

The  Independent  Press  was  commenced  by  Geo.  'W.  Wood,  in 
1861.  It  was  issued  as  a  daily  three  months,  and  weekly  about 
six  months.  In  1862,  Calvin  R.  Johnson,  Thomas  L.  Baylies, 
and  Robert  H.  Howard,  bought  the  Press  and  started  The 
Telegram,  July  4,  1862.  In  the  fall  of  1863,  Johnson  retired, 
and  Baylies  about  six  months  after.    Howard  continued  it  until 


92  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

1867,  after  which  Dr.  James  W.  Salter  published  it  about  a 
year  and  a  half,  and  sold  it  to  Alfred  Gr.  Wilcox,  who  took 
into  partnership  James  M.  Coe.  After  about  six  months, 
Daniel  Surface,  from  Cincinnati,  became  a  partner;  and  the 
proprietors  assumed  the  name  of  the  Telegram  Company, 
under  which  name  it  is  still  published  by  Messrs.  Surface  and 
Coe,  Mr.  Wilcox  having  retired  soon  after  the  company  was 
formed.  Mr.  Surface,  since  his  first  connection  with  the  paper, 
has  been  its  editor. 

The  Humming  Bird  was  started  by  J.  E.  Avery  &  Co.,  May 
5,  1866.  It  was  sold  a  few  months  after  to  A.  J.  Strickland, 
from  whom  it  passed,  in  March,  1867,  to  Crawley  &  Maag.  In 
August,  1869,  Crawley  retired,  and  Maag  has  since  been  its 
sole  proprietor. 

A  small  quarto  literary  paper,  called  the  Family  Schoolmaster, 
was  commenced  in  Richmond,  March,  1839,  by  Ilolloway  & 
Davis,  and  ended  with  its  34th  number. 

Newspapers  at  Center ville. 

In  the  year  1824,  John  Scott,  who  had  been  associated  with 
Elijah  Lacey  in  publishing  the  Weekly  Intelligencer  in  Rich- 
mond, commenced  the  publication  of  the  Western  Emporium 
at  Centerville.  How  long  it  was  published,  we  are  not  in- 
formed. Scott  subsequently  committed  suicide  by  hanging 
himself,  at  Logansport. 

In  or  about  the  year  1832,  the  Western  Times  was  started  by 
Septimus  Smith.  He  was  a  lawyer  and  for  a  time  probate 
judge ;  a  man  of  literary  taste  and  attainments.  He  was  a 
brother  of  the  late  Oliver  II.  Smith.  Andrew  Bulla,  son  of 
the  late  Wm.  Bulla,  was  for  a  while  associated  with  Mr.  Smith 
in.  the  publication  of  the  Times.  They  both  died  nearly  at  the 
same  time,  of  consumption.  They  were  succeeded,  it  is  be- 
lieved, by  J.  A.  Hall  and  Giles  C.  Smith,  the  latter  being  then 
a  teacher  in  the  County  Seminary,  and  since  a  Methodist  min- 
ister. Their  successor  was  Nelson  Boon,  from  Eaton,  Ohio. 
He,  too,  died  soon  after,  or  in  the  latter  part  of  1834. 

About  the  year  1835,  Samuel  C.  Meredith  started  the  Peo- 
ple's  Advocate,  Democratic  in  politics,  the  previous  papers  hav- 
ing been  very  moderately  Whig.     It  was  edited  for  a  time  by 


NEWSPAPERS    IN    CENTERVILLE.  '     93 

James  B.  Haile,  a  teaclicr  in  the  Scminaiy.  Meredith,  linding 
it  did  not  "  pay,"  changed  it  to  a  whig  paper  under  the  name 
of  Wayne  County  Chronicle.  It  was  edited  about  a  year  by 
Elder  Samuel  K.  Hoshour,  when,  Meredith  having  removed 
to  Illinois,  the  paper  was  succeeded  by  the  National  Patriot, 
owned  by  somebody  "  down  East,"  and.  edited  by  Richard.  Cole. 
Not  succeeding  well  in  the  enterprise,  he  soon  discontinued  the 
publication.  He  was  afterward  elected,  with  another,  state 
printer;  and  has  since  been  a  missionary  to  Chiua. 

Meredith,  having  returned,  began,  in  1841,  the  Wayne 
County  Record.  Hampden  G.  Finch  was  for  a  time  associate 
publisher.     John  B.  Stitt  became  its  editor. 

Early  in  1846,  the  News  Letter,  a  literary  paper,  was  started 
by  C.  B.  Bentley,  since,  and  for  a  long  time,  conductor  of  the 
Brookville  Democrat.  H.  G.  Finch  soon  associated  himself  with 
Bentley.  Many  of  its  leading  articles  were  for  some  time  writ- 
ten by  George  W.  Julian.     It  was  continued  but  about  a  year. 

About  this  time,  a  monthly  religious  publication,  called,  it 
is  beheved,  The  Reformer,  was  issued  by  Elder  Benjamin 
Franklin.     The  term  of  its  existence  is  not  mentioned. 

In  1848,  the  Free  Territory  Sentinel  was  started  as  an  advo- 
cate of  the  Free  Soil  movement  of  that  year,  by  R.  Vaile  and 
P.  Smith.  In  less  than  a  year  its  name  was  changed  to  the 
Indiana  True  Democrat.  About  the  time  the  Sentinel  was 
started,  Meredith  having  gone  to  California,  the  Record  be- 
came the  Whig,  under  the  charge  of  D.  B.  Woods  and  Stitt. 
"Woods  being  afterward  killed  in  California,  a  printer  named 
Millington  took  his  place  with  Stitt  for  a  short  time.  Meredith 
returning,  he  resumed  its  publication;  but  after  a  few  months, 
finding  it  a  losing  afiair,  he  sold  out,  in  1852,  to  D.  P.  Hol- 
loway,  of  the  Richmond  Palladium.  At  the  close  of  that  year, 
the  True  Democrat  was  removed  to  Indianapolis  and  took  the 
name  of  Free  Democrat. 

Nathan  Smith  then  started  the  Independent  Press,  a  small 
paper,  which  survived  but  a  few  months;  and  Centerville  was 
for  about  a  year  without  a  newspaper. 

In  April,  1854,  Hosea  S.  Elliott  started  the  Wayne  County 
Journal,  and  published  also  the  Class  Mate,  a  religious  monthly. 
Both  soon  died.     The  Weekly  Chronicle  was  then  started  by  R. 


94  HISTORY  OF  WAYNE   COUNTY. 

J.  Strickland  and  G.  "W.  B.  Smith,  and  continued  to  June, 
1858,  when  they  sold  out  to  W.  C.  Moreau,  who  bought  a  new 
press  and  started  the  True  Bepublican.  In  about  three  months 
he  sold  out  to  Isaac  H.  Julian,  who,  as  has  been  elsewhere 
stated,  removed  it  to  Richmond.     [See  p.  91.] 

In  1859,  R.  J.  Strickland  commenced  a  new  paper,  (or  re- 
vived the  old  one,)  under  the  name  of  Wayne  Chronicle,  which 
was  published  at  intervals,  until  1863,  when  it  was  removed  to 
Cambridge  City. 


ANTISLAYERY  HISTORY. 

Log  Convention;  its  Results. 

Although  the  early  settlers  of  this  county  were  principally 
from  slave  states,  the  antislavery  sentiment  strongly  predom- 
inated. They  were  mostly  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  a  people 
who  were  generally  opposed  to  slavery.  Indeed  it  was  this 
sentiment  that  induced  many  of  them  to  seek  homes  in  a  free 
state.  But  scarcely  three  years  from  the  building  of  the  first 
cabin  in  the  county,  the  settlers  came  into  conflict  with  this 
institution. 

The  state  of  Virginia,  as  has  been  stated,  claimed  a  right, 
under  the  first  British  charters,  to  the  principal  part  of  the 
lands  south-west  of  the  Ohio  river,  and  emigrants  from  that 
state  settled  very  early  in  the  southern  border  of  the  territory 
now  composing  the  state  of  Indiana.  The  introduction  of 
slavery  into  that  part  of  the  state,  and  the  attempt  to  procure 
the  suspension,  by  an  act  of  Congress,  of  the  antislavery  pro- 
vision of  the  Ordinance  of  1787,  have  been  already  noticed. 
[P.  24.]  Hence  it  was  not  strange  that  the  friends  of  slavery 
should  favor  the  election  of  a  delegate  to  Congress  to  repre- 
sent their  views,  if  occasion  should  require.  In  this  originated 
the  convention  here  described. 

A  meeting  called  "  Log  Convention,"  was  held  in  the  summer 
or  fall  of  1808,  in  the  south-west  quarter  of  section  17,  town- 
ship 13,  range  1  west.  [Our  venerable  informant  wishes  the  place 
thus  particularly  designated.]     The  convention,  he  says,  was 


^r^x^^t. 


^t-*^^ 


ANTISLAVERY   HISTORY.  95 

80  named  from  the  fact,  that  hair  cloth  sofas  and  easy  chairs 
were  unknown  to  the  pioneer  fathers,  who  had  no  softer  place 
on  which  to  rest  than  the  logs  in  the  forests.  Notice  of  the 
proposed  meeting  was  given  at  log  roUiogs;  and  at  the  time 
appointed,  the  whole  neighborhood  appeared  on  the  above- 
mentioned  spot. 

After  a  unanimous  denunciation  of  slavery,  the  convention, 
without  a  dissenting  voice,  selected  George  Hunt,  conditionally, 
as  their  nominee  as  a  delegate  to  Congress,  in  opposition  to 
Thomas  Randolph,  spoken  of  as  the  candidate  of  those  then 
called  by  the  people  of  this  part  of  the  territory,  the  "  southern 
aristocracy,"  in  the  towns  of  Vincennes,  Charleston,  and  Law- 
renceburg.  The  convention  also  appointed  Joseph  Holman, 
then  but  twenty  years  of  age,  as  messenger  to  go  down  and 
confer  with  the  settlers  on  Clark's  Grant ;  and  if  their  views 
coincided  with  the  views  of  those  whom  he  represented,  and  an 
acceptable  candidate  was  there  nominated,  Hunt's  name  would 
be  withdrawn. 

Young  Holman  prodeeded  forthwith  on  horseback  through 
the  "trails"  to  Charleston;  and  on  his  arrival  found  that  a 
meeting  had  been  held,  and  Jonathan  Jennings  had  been 
selected,  who  had  some  days  before  gone  to  our  settlement. 
Holman  remained  several  days  in  consultation  with  the  people 
in  that  section,  and,  having  found  the  views  there  entertained 
in  harmony  with  those  expressed  in  the  log  convention,  re- 
turned home.  In  the  meantime,  Jennings  had  made  his  ap- 
pearance here,  but  had  met  a  rather  cool  reception.  He  was 
called  by  some  a  "beardless  boy," — who  "couldn't  find  his 
way  to  Washington;"  by  others,  a  "cold  potato."  At  the 
same  time,  Gen.  Dill,  Capt.  Vance,  and  other  aristocrats  in 
Randolph's  interest,  from  Lawrenceburg,  the  county  seat,  had 
been  here  and  poisoned  the  minds  of  the  people  against  Jen- 
nings. But  finding  that  Randolph  would  not  do,  they  substi- 
tuted Yance  as  a  more  available  candidate ;  and  our  nominee. 
Hunt,  gave  way  for  him. 

Matters  were  in  this  condition  on  the  return  of  Holman. 
He  found  the  settlers  assembled  in  a  little  log  hut,  which  Jen- 
nings had  entered  by  stooping,  where  he  was  squat  down  by 
the  side  wall,  when  Holman  entered  to  report  the  result  of  his 


96  .        HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

mission.  Jennings,  without  any  previous  introduction,  ad- 
dressed him  by  name,  and  asked,  "  What  news  from  Clark's 
Grant  ?"  Holman  was  surprised,  not  knowing  the  man,  and 
did  not  think  proper  to  tell.  One  of  the  company  then  took 
Holman  outside  of  the  house,  who  gave  a  satisfactory  account 
of  his  mission,  and  was  there  told  that  the  beardless  youth  sit- 
ting by  the  door  was  the  nominee  of  Clark's  Grant,  who 
"hadn't  sense  to  take  him  to  Washington."  They  then  re- 
paired into  the  hut.  The  facts  having  been  whispered  round, 
all  departed  without  a  word  to  Jennings,  who  was  treated  with 
a  most  withering  indifference.  Holman  conferred  with  his 
father;  and  they  both  concluded  they  had  "got  their  foot  into 
it,"  and  felt  a  growing  coolness  toward  Jennings.  After  talk- 
ing over  the  matter  awhile,  they  hailed  Jennings,  who  was 
some  300  yards  ahead,  and  behind  the  rest  of  the  party,  who 
had  kept  aloof  from  him;  and,  coming  up  with  him,  young 
Holman  showed  him  his  circular,  and  also  the  charges  against 
him.  Jennings  "riddled  up"  these  so  effectually,  and  demon- 
strated his  own  merits  so  clearly,  as  entirely  to  dissipate  the 
lukewarmness  of  the  Holnians,  and  enlist  them  in  his  favor; 
and  in  a  few  days  young  Holman,  assisted  by  Jennings, 
revolutionized  the  sentiment  of  the  entire  neighborhood.  And 
at  the  election  Jennings  received  all  the  votes  but  one — the 
vote  of  the  nominee  of  the  log  convention.  The  subsequent  career 
of  Jonathan  Jennings  has  given  his  name  a  conspicuous  place 
in  the  history  of  the  state  of  Indiana. 

The  Abolition  Movement. 

Subsequently  to  this  early  contest,  there  seems  to  have  been 
no  special  occasion  for  an  expression  of  the  sentiment  of  the 
people  of  this  county  on  the  question  of  slavery,  until  after  the 
commencement  of  the  abolition  movement. 

Prior  to  1830,  (the  year  not  recollected,)  Benjamin  Lundy 
established  at  Baltimore,  Md.,  a  paper  or  periodical,  styled, 
"  Genius  of  Universal  Emancipation,''  advocating  the  abolition 
of  slavery.  He  was  succeeded,  either  in  the  publication  of  the 
same  paper,  or  a  new  one,  by  Wm.  Lloyd  Garrison.  Garrison's 
antislavery  sentiments  being  obnoxious  to  the  people  of  that 
city,  his  establishment  was  broken  up,  and  he  was  for  a  while 


ANTISLAVERY   HISTORY.  97 

imprisoned.  After  his  release,  be  established  the  '■^Liberator''' 
at  Boston.  Other  papers  soon  followed  in  advocating  the  im- 
mediate abolition  of  slavery ;  and  antislaverj  societies  began  to 
be  formed.  The  American  Antislavery  Society  was  formed  in 
1833. 

The  Abolitionists  believed  with  their  opponents,  that  slavery 
in  the  states  could  only  be  abolished  by  their  respective  gov- 
ernments. Their  chief  object  was,  by  the  discussion  of  the 
subject,  in  all  its  bearings,  social,  moral,  and  political,  to  con- 
vince slaveholders  that  it  was  their  duty,  and  that  it  would  be 
for  their  interest,  to  abolish  slavery.  They  hoped  also,  that  a 
general  expression  of  northern  sentiment  against  the  institu- 
tion as  morally  wrong,  might  serve  to  hasten  action  on  the  part 
of  the  slave  states.  And  aa  the  power  of  Congress  to  abolish 
slavery  in  the  District  of  Columbia  and  the  territories  of  the 
United  States,  was  generally  admitted  in  the  IsTorth,  petitions 
in  vast  numbers,  praying  for  the  exercise  of  this  power,  were 
sent  to  Congress  from  all  the  free  states.  Town  and  county 
societies  were  formed  throughout  the  North.  This  movement 
alarmed  as  well  as  exasperated  the  southern  people ;  and  the 
excitement  soon  became  general.  In  the  North  as  well  as  in 
the  South,  meetings  were  held,  and  resolutions  passed,  bit- 
terly denouncing  the  abolitionists.  Antislavery  meetings  in 
many  places  were  broken  up  by  violence,  and  several  anti- 
slavery  presses  were  demolished. 

A  majority  of  Congress  being  opposed  to  the  objects  of  the 
Abolitionists,  who  continued  to  send  in  their  petitions  for  the 
abolition  of  slavery  in  the  District  of  Columbia,  and  for  pro- 
hibiting the  slave  trade  between  the  states,  the  house  resolved 
that  such  petitions  should,  on  presentation,  be  laid  on  the  table 
without  being  debated,  printed,  or  referred.  This  action  of  the 
house  rather  increased  than  allayed  agitation ;  and  petitions 
were  daily  ofl'ered  as  usual — some  for  the  repeal  of  the  "gag 
resolutions,"  as  they  were  called. 

But  as  yet  there  w^as  no  political  antislavery  party.  The 
Abolitionists,  however,  began  to  vote  for  candidates  in  favor 
of  their  views  without  respect  to  party.  The  subject  of  a 
political  organization  was  soon  after  agitated  ;  and  in  Novem- 
ber, 1839,  at  a  small   meetins:   of  Abolitionists  in  Western 


90  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

New  York,  James  G.  Birney,  formerly  a  slaveholder  in 
Alabama,  who  had  emancipated  his  slaves  and  removed  to  the 
North,  was  nominated  for  President.  This  party  never  be- 
came numerous.  A  large  majority  of  the  Abolitionists  refused 
to  join  it,  believing  their  object  was  more  likely  to  be  effected 
by  adhering  to  the  original  plan  of  the  societies. 

In  1848,  this  party  was  merged  in  the  Free  Soil  party,  whose 
object  was,  in  great  part,  to  prevent  the  formation  of  slave 
states  from  the  territory  then  just  acquired  from  Texas.  A 
national  mass  convention  of  the  friends  of  free  territory  met 
at  Buffalo,  in  August,  1848,  and  nominated  Martin  Van  Buren 
for  President,  and  Charles  Francis  Adams  for  Yice-President. 
The  Abolitionists,  who  had  already  nominated  John  P.  Hale, 
of  New  Hampshire,  for  President,  withdrew  their  candidate, 
and  supported  the  new  party.  But  before  the  next  presidential 
election,  nearly  all  the  Whigs  and  Democrats  who  had  joined 
this  party  returned  to  their  respective  parties ;  and  thereafter 
only  a  few  thousand  votes  were  cast  for  candidates  of  an  anti- 
slavery  party,  until  after  the  organization  of  the  Republican 
party  in  1855. 

Richmond  Antislavery  Society. 

When  and  where  the  first  abolition  society  in  this  county 
was  formed,  the  writer  is  not  informed.  At  the  celebration,  in 
Richmond,  of  the  adoption  of  the  15th  Amendment  of  the 
Constitution  of  the  United  States,  in  the  spring  of  1870,  Her- 
mon  B.  Payne,  Esq.,  presented  a  copy  of  the  "  Coostitution 
and  Resolutions  of  the  Richmond  Antislavery  Society,  auxiliary 
to  the  American  Antislavery  Society."  The  paper  bears  no 
date;  but  Mr.  Payne  believed  the  society  was  formed  in  or 
about  the  year  1837. 

The  constitution  asserts  the  leading  principle  of  the  Declara- 
tion of  Independence — that  "  all  men  are  created  equal ;" 
pledges  the  efforts  of  the  society  to  "  encourage  moral,  intel- 
lectual, and  religious  improvement  among  the  colored  people," 
but  will  not  countenance  attempts  to  obtain  their  rights  by 
force  of  arms.  The  resolutions  assert  the  right  of  Congress  to 
abolish  slavery  in  the  District  of  Columbia  and  in  the  terri- 
tories ;  disclaim  the  intention  to  use  any  other  means  than  moral 
influence ;  appeal  "  to  the  hearts  and  consciences  of  slavehold- 


ANTISLAVERY   HISTORY.  yy 

ers."  Then  followed  an  "  Exposition  of  the  American  Anti- 
slavery  Society,"  stating  its  principles  and  aims.  These  prin- 
ciples were  adopted,  and  nearly  fifty  names  to  the  paper  were 
obtained.  That  these  societies  were  instrumental  in  hastening 
the  abolition  of  slavery,  is  now  admitted  by  many  -who  op- 
posed them,  or  questioned  their  expediency.  As  many  of  the 
next  generation  may  be  gratified  to  see  the  names  of  their  an- 
cestors who  took  an  active  part  in  the  early  efibrts  to  promote 
the  cause  of  emancipation,  the  names  of  these  signers  are  sub- 
joined: 

John  Sailor,  Edward  B.  Quiner,  Henry  W.  Quiner,  Wm. 
H.  Brown,  Sidney  Smith,  Frank  B.  Lovejoy,  Ebenezer  P. 
Lovejoy,  Daniel  S.  Campbell,  John  Phelps,  Emeline  Phelps, 
Elizabeth  Phelps,  Margaret  Phelps,  David  P.  Grave,  Phineas 
Grave,  [probably  meant  Pusey  Grave,]  Gideon  Teas,  Edwin 
Smith,  Edwin  Vickers,  Wm.  Vickers,  Philander  Crocker, 
Frances  S.  Crocker,  Peter  Crocker,  Alice  and  Jane  Crocker, 
Wm.  Lindsey  and  Rhoda  Ann,  his  wife,  and  their  daughters 
Catharine,  Eliza  Ann,  and  Mary  Ann,  Amy  H.  and  Rebecca 
Cox,  daughters  of  Wm.  Cox,  Deborah  R.  and  Elizabetii  J. 
Derickson,  Catharine  Horney,  Amy  Pryor,  now  wife  of  Her- 
mon  B.  Payne,  and  Emeline  Pryor,  daughters  of  Mrs.  Horney, 
Joseph  Ogborn,  S.  Suflfrins,  Shipley  Lester.  Societies  were 
formed  in  several  townships,  but  the  difficulty  in  getting  in- 
formation concerning  them,  and  the  want  of  space,  forbid  a 
notice  of  them. 

It  may  excite  the  wonder  of  many  of  the  next  generation 
that  these  efibrts  were  discountenanced,  if  not  actually  opposed, 
by  a  majority  of  the  people  of  the  non-slaveholding  states.  It 
is  but  just,  however,  to  state  that  much  of  this  opposition  arose, 
not  from  a  regard  for  slavery,  but  from  a  misapprehension  of 
the  aims  of  the  Abolitionists,  and  from  the  supposed  tendency 
of  the  agitation  to  excite  servile  insurrections  in  the  South. 

The  first  separate  nomination  of  antislavery  men  as  candi- 
dates for  members  of  the  legislature  from  this  county,  w^as 
made  in  1841.  Pusey  Grave  was  nominated  for  senator; 
Samuel  Johnson,  Daniel  Winder,  and  Josiah  Bell  for  represent- 
atives. The  number  of  votes  cast  in  the  county  for  Grave 
was  442.     In  1842,  Isaiah  Osborn,  Hermou  B.   Payne,  and 


100  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Elihu  Cox,  were  candidates,  and  received  between  200  and  300 
votes.  In  1844,  Charles  Burroughs  and  H.  P.  Bennett,  candi- 
dates for  the  senate,  received,  respectively,  1,384  and  1,255 
votes,  being  supported  also  by  Democrats.  J.  Dnthank,  Isaiah 
Osboru,  and  Philander  Crocker,  for  representatives,  received  a 
little  upward  of  300.  After  this  year  no  antislavery  nomina- 
tions were  made  until  1848. 

Rescue  of  Fugitive  Slaves. 

There  were  in  this  county  many  who  disregarded  both  the 
letter  and  the  intent  of  the  law  for  the  reclamation  of  slaves. 
Long  before  any  of  the  present  railroads  were  projected, 
"  underground  railroads,"  as  they  came  to  be  called,  were  in 
operation.  And  there  were  a  number  of  "stations"  in  this 
county,  where  southern  property  was  deposited  for  a  short 
time,  and  forwarded  "with  care"  to  its  destination  beyond 
our  northern  frontier. 

Arrests  of  fugitive  slaves  in  this  county  were  not  un frequent. 
What  proportion  of  these  arrested  fugitives  were  reclaimed,  it 
is  perhaps  impossible  to  ascertain.  Among  the  cases  of  rescue 
are  the  following : 

A  slave  was  apprehended  by  a  claimant  under  oath,  and 
brought  before  Justice  John  C.  Kibbe}^ ;  but  the  corroborative 
evidence  of  ownership  was  insufficient  to  justify  the  rendition 
of  the  fugitive.  The  claimant  subsequently  managed  to  get  a 
grasp  on  the  negro  in  the  street,  who,  in  attempting  to  extri- 
cate himself  from  the  grip  of  his  pursuer,  was  struck  a  severe 
blow  by  the  latter.  Tiie  offender  was  arrested  for  assault  and 
battery,  tried,  and,  it  is  believed,  fined.  The  negro  was  con- 
ducted by  some  colored  friends  to  the  woods,  where  he  was  for 
a  few  days  supplied  with  food  by  Peter  Johnson  and  others, 
who  helped  him  on  his  way  to  Canada.    ' 

Another  fugitive  was  brought  before  a  justice  in  Richmond. 
During  the  trial,  the  negro,  sitting  in  a  raised  window,  thought 
proper  to  let  himself  fall  out  backward,  into  the  hands  of 
friends  outside.  These  were  trying  to  draw  him  out,  while 
the  friends  of  the  claimant  inside,  having  hold  of  his  legs,  en- 
deavored to  pull  him  in.  The  friends  of  the  negro  succeeded 
in  effecting  his  rescue.     Against  one  of  them,  Wm.  Bulla,  a 


ANTISLAVERY   HISTORY.  101 

suit  was  brought  to  recover  the  vakie  of  the  slave,  and  a  judg- 
ment was  obtained  in  favor  of  the  prosecutor  for  some  live 
hundred  dollars.  Several  of  the  others  who  participated  in  the 
rescue,  it  is  said,  shared  in  the  payment  of  the  money. 

A  citizen  of  JSTewport  wrote  two  years  ago  an  account  of  the 
escape  of  a  slave,  a  part  of  which  was  published  in  the  Radical 
of  Richmond.  From  this,  and  the  unpublished  manuscript 
which  was  never  quite  completed,  the  following  abstract  has 
been  prepared : 

In  the  summer  of  1844,  a  Mississippi  slave  who  had  hired 
his  time,  for  which  he  was  to  pay  a  stipulated  sum  per  month, 
was  working  in  Memphis,  Tenn.  By  industry  and  economy 
he  had  saved  from  his  earnings  a  considerable  sum  to  himself, 
besides  making  his  regular  payments  to  his  master  in  Missis- 
sippi. A  free  colored  man,  John  Bennett,  steward  on  a  steam- 
boat, then  on  a  down  trip  to  l^ew  Orleans,  left  the  boat  at 
Memphis  to  stay  with  his  family  until  the  return  of  the  boat, 
having  hired  a  man  to  take  his  place.  He  here  became  ac- 
quainted with  the  slave,  who  offered  him  $75  if  he  would  assist 
him  in  escaping  to  a  free  state.  Bennett  procured  a  strong 
box  large  enough  to  hold  the  human  chattel;  and,  on  the 
morning  the  boat  was  expected,  breathing  holes  having  been 
made  in  the  box,  the  slave  laid  down  in  it  on  his  back.  The 
lid  was  securely  nailed,  and  labeled,  '''John  Bennett;  this  side 
iq),  with  care."  Bennett  had  the  box  hauled  down  to  the  wharf 
and  placed  on  the  wharf-boat  of  Capt.  Shaw,  to  await  the  ar- 
rival of  the  steamboat.  Here  the  box  was  left  exposed  to  the 
rays  of  an  almost  tropical  sun,  until  human  existence  could 
continue  in  it  no  longer;  and  while  Capt.  Shaw  was  quietly 
seated  upon  it,  a  sepulchral  voice  within  it  called  out,  "  Open 
this  hoxT  With  one  bound  the  captain  almost  cleared  the 
wharf-boat,  and  barely  escaped  a  watery  grave.  Having  pro- 
cured assistance  and  opened  the  box,  instead  of  crockery  ware, 
there  was  a  real  live  "  nigger,"  the  chattel  of  a  southern  gen- 
tleman. 

The  whole  city  was  excited  by  the  news  of  this  discovery. 
It  being  Sunday,  congregations  in  some  of  the  churches  were 
either  greatly  thinned,  or  their  meeting  prevented.  It  was  pro- 
posed to  put  the  negro  back  into  the  box  and  throw  him  into 


102  HISTORY   OF  WAYNE    COUNTY. 

the  river.  Others  said,  "JSTail  him  in  the  box,  and  bury  him 
alive."  He  was  at  length  handcuffed  and  placed  in  the  cala- 
boose, and  his  master  notified  of  his  attempted  escape. 

Bennett  escaped  to  the  woods,  where  he  skulked  about  until 
"Wednesday,  when  he  was  discovered,  taken  back  to  the  city, 
and  placed  in  irons  to  await  his  triaU  He  was  convicted  and 
sentenced  to  five  years'  hard  labor  in  the  penitentiary. 

The  slave  was  taken  back  to  his  master  in  Mississippi,  and., 
put  to  work  again  in  the  cotton  fields.  And  although  he  af- 
fected an  air  of  contentment,  he  was  constantly  on  the  look- 
out for  a  way  of  escape.  "When  nailed  in  the  box,  he  had  on 
his  person  a  considerable  amount  of  money  he  had  saved,  and 
a  lot  of  tools  for  working  his  way  out  of  prison,  should  he  be 
placed  in  one ;  and,  strange  to  say,  the  mob  that  surrounded 
him  when  he  was  released  from  the  box,  failed  to  discover 
these  ;  nor  were  they  discovered  by  his  master  after  his  return 
home. 

Having  worked  a  year  for  his  old  master  without  creating 
suspicion,  and  having  matured  a  plan  of  escape,  he  resolved  to 
make  another  venture  for  freedom.  Starting  in  the  night,  he 
again  reached  Memphis,  where,  after  a  concealment  from  pub- 
lic view  for  some  days,  he  came  across  two  conductors  on  the 
"underground  railroad,"  who  agreed  to  land  him  in  Cincin- 
nati for  $175.  They  took  him  on  board  the  boat  as  their 
body-servant,  and  landed  him  safely  in  that  city.  Here  he 
kept  secreted  until  an  opportunity  offered  to  send  him  to  the 
interior  of  Ohio,  where  he  remained  for  nearly  a  year,  when  he 
came  to  Richmond^  where  he  soon  became  an  efficient  agent  in 
the  work  of  aiding  others  to  secure  the  boon  that  had  been 
vouchsafed  to  him.  "William  Bush,  the  fugitive  slave  from 
Mississippi,  is  now,  and  has  been  for  many  years,  an  indus- 
trious blacksmith  and  a  respectable  citizen  of  Newport. 


TEMPERANCE    SOCIETIES.  103 


TEMPEEANCE  SOCIETIES. 


Drinking  Customs. 

The  general  use  of  intoxicating  liquors  as  a  beverage  by  all 
classes  of  the  community,  and  the  direful  consequences  of  its 
use,  prevailed  throughout  our  country.  Hence  the  subject  is 
not  introduced  here  because  there  was  anything  in  the  custom 
of  drinking  peculiar  to  this  county.  In  the  absence  of  positive 
knowledge,  we  rather  incline  to  the  belief  that  it  was  for  a 
long  time  less  prevalent  here  than  in  most  other  places.  A 
majority  of  the  early  settlers  were  Friends,  by  whose  rules  and 
discipline  the  common  drinking  of,  and  traffic  in  ardent  spirits 
were  inhibited,  if  not  entirely  prevented. 

Although  the  evils  of  intemperance  are  still  deplorable,  a 
material  change  in  the  custom  of  drinking  has  been  effected. 
Good  men  and  bad  indulged  in  it.  The  whisky  jng  was 
thought  an  indispensable  help  in  the  harvest  field,  at  house- 
raisings,  log-rollings,  and  corn-huskings;  nor  was  the  decanter 
with  its  exhilarating  contents  generally  wanting  at  social 
gatherings.  A  man  meeting  a  friend  near  a  tavern,  invited  him 
to  the  bar  to  "take  a  drink."  A  man  was  deemed  wanting  in 
hospitality  if  he  did  not  "  treat "  his  visitors.  The  traveler  who 
stopped  at  a  tavern  to  warm,  thought  it "  mean"  to  leave  with- 
out patronizing  the  bar  to  the  amount  of  a  York  sixpence  or  a 
shilling.  The  idea  had  not  been  conceived  that  both  parties 
would  have  been  gainers  if  the  money  had  been  paid  for  the 
fire,  and  the  liquor  left  in  the  decanter.  Liquor  bought  by  the 
gallon — by  a  few  even  by  the  barrel — was  kept  in  families  for 
daily  use.  Seated  at  the  breakfast-table,  or  just  before  sitting, 
the  glass  was  passed  round  to  "give  an  appetite."  Bittered 
with  some  herb  or  drug,  it  was  used  as  a  "sovereign  remedy  " 
for  most  of  the  ailments  "flesh  is  heir  to,"  and  often  as  a 
preventive.  It  was  taken  because  the  weather  was  hot,  and 
because  it  was  cold.  Liquors  being  kept  in  the  early  countr}^ 
stores,  some  merchants  were  wont  to  "treat"  their  customers, 


104  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

especially  when  they  made  large  bills,  and  sometimes  before- 
hand, to  sharpen  their  appetite  for  trading.  Happily  most  of 
these  customs  have  become  obsolete  among  the  better  classes 
of  society,  and,  it  is  hoped,  will  never  be  revived. 

That  drunkenness  and  its  natural  concomitants,  poverty, 
crime,  and  premature  death,  were  the  results  of  these  practices, 
is  not  surprising.  The  marvel  is,  that  the  opinions  and  habits 
so  long  prevalent  should  have  had  the  sanction  of  wise  and 
good  men.  The  evils  of  intemperance  became  at  length 
alarmingly  dreadful,  and  remedial  measures  began  to  be  sug- 
gested and  discussed. 

Temperance  Associations. 

"Where,  how,  or  when  the  temperance  reform  originated,  is, 
perhaps,  not  now  known.  The  first  temperance  document  the 
writer  recollects,  was  an  address  by  a  Mr.  Kittridge,  of  New 
Hampshire,  which,  if  it  did  not  start  the  reform,  gave  it  a 
powerful  impetus  ;  and  the  name  of  the  pamphlet,  "Kittridge's 
Address,"  became,  in  some  parts  of  the  country,  as  familiar  as 
a  household  word.  This  was  soon  followed  [in  1826]  by  "  Six 
Sermons  on  Intemperance,"  by  Rev.  Lyman  Beecher,  of  Bos- 
ton, father  of  Henry  Ward  Beecher,  which  also  rendered  the 
cause  essential  service.  A  portion  of  the  newspaper  press 
soon  came  to  its  support.  Meetings  were  held  in  all  parts  of 
the  country,  and  thousands  of  temperance  societies  were 
formed.  The  pledge  of  abstinence  was  circulated,  and  was 
signed  by  large  numbers  of  both  sexes,  among  whom  were 
many  intemperate  persons.  And,  although  many  of  these  re- 
lapsed, some  were  efi'ectually  reclaimed. 

For  a  number  of  years  only  spirituous  liquors  were  inter- 
dicted by  the  pledge.  Complete  success,  it  was  believed,  re- 
quired abstinence  from  intoxicating  drinks  of  all  kinds ;  and 
the  societies  generally  soon  adopted  the  total  abstinence  prin- 
ciple. 

When  and  where  the  first  temperance  society  in  this  county 
was  formed,  or  whether  a  county  society  was  ever  organized 
in  this  county,  the  writer  has  not  learned.  Societies  were 
formed  in  several  of  the  townships  at  an  early  day,  some  of 
which  are  noticed  in  the  historical  sketches  of  these  townships. 


WASHINGTONIAN    MOVEMENT.  105 

One  was  also  organized  in  Richmond,  but  the  date  of  its  or- 
ganization has  not  been  ascertained.  The  temperance  cause, 
however,  has  always  had  in  Richmond,  as  in  all  other  places 
in  the  county,  many  zealous  and  active  friends.  John  Sailor, 
Rev.  Peter  Crocker,  Herraon  B.  Payne,  E.  B.  Quiner,  are 
recollected  as  a  few  of  those  who  were  earl}^  identified  with 
the  cause. 

Washingtonian  3Iovement. 

About  the  year  1840,  a  fresh  impulse  was  given  to  the  tem- 
perance cause  by  the  efl:brts  of  men  called  "  Wasbingtonians." 
A  number  of  abandoned  men  in  the  city  of  Baltimore,  who  were 
wont  to  spend  their  evenings  at  the  taverns  and  other  haunts 
of  the  vicious  and  the  dissipated,  resolved  to  reform,  and  at 
once  became  "teetotalers."  They  traversed  a  large  portion  of 
the  country,  lecturing  generally  to  large  gatherings.  Drunk- 
ards in  large  numbers  and  from  great  distances  attended,  and 
many  of  them  signed  the  pledge.  The  most  noted  of  this 
band  of  reformers  was  John  Hawkins,  who,  though  unlettered, 
was  one  of  the  most  effective  lecturers  in  the  country.  Al- 
though there  was  nothing  in  their  plans  and  mode  of  operation 
to  distinguish  them  from  other  temperance  men,  they  were 
generally  called  "  Wasbingtonians." 

As  a  result  of  their  efforts,  reformed  drunkards  became  mis- 
sionaries, and  constituted,  for  a  time,  the  principal  lecturing 
force  of  the  country.  Many  drunkards  were  reformed,  and 
many  moderate  drinkers  became  thorough  temperance  men. 

It  must  be  confessed,  however,  that  the  permanent  benefits 
of  this  "  temperance  revival"  which  many  anticipated  were  not 
fully  realized.  These  reformers  came  to  be  regarded  by  very 
many  as  almost  the  only  effective  champions  of  the  cause,  while 
its  ablest  and  earliest  advocates  were  lightly  esteemed.  Hence 
these  were,  to  a  great  extent,  superseded,  as  lecturers,  by  re- 
formed inebriates,  many  of  whom,  though  for  the  time  ab- 
staining from  the  use  of  intoxicating  drinks,  were  very  far 
from  having  attained  to  the  character  of  the  true  reformer. 
Often  was  the  pulpit  surrendered  on  the  Sabbath  to  men  whose 
vulgar,  laughter-provoking  stories  were  wholly  unbecoming  the 
place  and  the  occasion.  It  was  not  strange  that  many  who, 
under  such  influences,  signed  the  pledge,  soon  relapsed  into 


106  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

their  former  habits.  Still,  much  good  was  accomplished. 
Probably  at  about  this  time,  and  for  several  years  thereafter, 
less  ardent  spirits  were  drank  in  proportion  to  our  population, 
than  at  any  other  time  since  distilleries  were  first  generally 
established. 

Secret  Organizations. 

The  Washingtonian  movement  was  succeeded  by  organiza- 
tions of  several  kinds.  Among  the  earliest  of  them  was  that 
of  the  "  Sons  of  Temperance,"  which  was  for  several  years  a 
popular  order  of  temperance  men.  But  it  seems  to  have  been, 
to  a  great  extent,  superseded  by  the  "  Good  Templars,"  who 
maintain  organizations,  probably,  in  every  town.  These  two 
orders  are  both  secret.  Whether  their  efficiency  is  increased 
by  this  feature  in  their  organization,  or  not,  it  is  not  easy  to 
determine. 

Attempts  at  Prohibition. 

As  incidental  to  the  efforts  for  the  promotion  of  the  tem- 
perance reformation,  came  the  license  question.  ]!^otwithstand- 
ing  the  progress  of  the  cause  by  the  simple  instrumentality  of 
the  pledge,  many,  with  a  view  to  its  more  rapid  advancement, 
began  to  invoke  the  aid  of  legislation  by  the  enactment  o^  -pro- 
hibitory laws.  Without  raising  the  question  as  to  the  propriety 
of  laws  inhibiting  the  sale  of  liquors  to  be  used  as  a  beverage, 
it  can  be  said  with  truth,  that  in  proportion  as  the  friends  of 
the  cause  relied  on  legislation  to  accomplish  the  desired  reform, 
their  labors  in  the  use  of  the  pledge  were  relaxed.  The  eftect 
of  this  relaxation  of  effort  was,  at  least  in  many  places,  a 
retrogression  of  the  cause. 

A  stringent  prohibitory  law  was  passed  in  Maine.  Well 
authenticated  official  statements  soon  showed  a  reduction,  in 
some  districts,  of  more  than  three-fourths  of  the  expenses  of  pau- 
perism and  crime.  A  similar  law  was  tried  in  one  or  more  other 
states,  and  with  similar  results,  for  short  periods  of  time.  But 
the  strong  opposition  which  these  laws  have  encountered,  has 
greatly  impaired  their  efliciency.  And  many  of  the  warmest 
friends  of  temperance  advise  a  return  to  the  old  tried  and 
efi'ective  method  of  promoting  the  cause,  both  as  a  means  of 
reforming  inebriates  and  of  preparing  public  sentiment  to  sus- 
tain prohibitory  laws. 


INTERNAL    IMPROVEMENTS.  107 


INTERNAL   IMPROYEMENTS. 


Hoads. 


The  Cumberland,  or  National  Road,  had  been  gradually  ex- 
tended to  the  eastern  line  of  this  state  before  the  era  of  inter- 
nal improvements  in  this  state  commenced.  In  1806,  Congress 
authorized  the  construction  of  a  tur7\pike  road,  at  the  expense 
of  the  General  Government,  from  Cumberland,  in  the  state  of 
Maryland,  to  Ohio;  hence  its  original  name,  "Cumberland 
Road."  As  the  settlement  of  the  country  extended  westward, 
Congress  was  solicited,  from  time  to  time,  to  extend  the  road 
for  the  benefit  of  the  w^estern  people.  The  extension,  however, 
proceeded  very  slowly.  Bills  proposing  appropriations  of 
money  for  this  purpose,  were  opposed  in  Congress  on  the 
ground  of  inexpediency  or  unconstitutionality;  and  one  or 
more  were  arrested  by  the  executive  veto. 

After  the  road  had  been  laid  out  as  far  west  as  Vandalia,  111., 
and  graded  and  bridged  the  greater  part  of  the  way,  the  General 
Government  relinquished  it  to  the  states  through  whicli  it 
passed.  Application  was  thereafter  made  to  the  legislature  of 
this  state  for  the  incorporation  of  the  Wayne  Coimty  Tarn-pike 
Company;  and  a  charter  was  granted  for  that  purpose  in  the 
winter  of  1849-50,  and  the  road  was  completed  in  1850.  The 
company  has  kept  the  road  in  repair  till  the  present  time.  Its 
annual  dividends  are  satisfactory  to  the  stockholders.  The 
length  of  the  road  owned  by  this  company  is  22  miles,  extend- 
ing from  the  east  to  the  west  line  of  the  county. 

By  the  construction  of  this  road,  travel  and  commercial  in- 
tercourse were  greatly  facilitated,  and  settlements  were  made 
rapidly  along  the  line  of  the  road.  Roads  from  other  town- 
ships to  this  central  road  were  soon  constructed,  aftbrding 
ready  communication  between  the  different  sections  of  the 
county. 

The  turnpikes  in  this  county  in  1865  were  the  following : 


108  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Cambridge  City — running  north-west  from  Cambridge,  4 
miles. 

Centerville  and  Abington — distance  7  miles. 

Centerville  and  Jaeksonburg — 2  miles  finished  in  1865. 

Chester  and  Arba — fi.uished  to  the  county  line,  8  miles. 

Hagerstown  and  Dalton — distance  6  miles. 

Hagerstown  and  Franldin — distance  6  miles. 

Hagerstown  and  Washington — distance  7  miles. 

Milton  and  Bentonsville — 4  miles  finished. 

Milton  and  Brownsville — 5  miles  finished. 

Milton  and  Connersville — 4  miles  finished. 

Pleasant  Valley — from  Centerville  to  llobinson's  Cross  Roads, 
Fayette  Co. ;  finished  3  miles  from  Centerville. 

Richmond  and  Boston — from  Richmond  through  Boston  to 
the  county  line,  7  miles. 

Bichmond  and  Newport — 8  miles,  all  finished. 

Bichmond  and  Neio  Paris — from  Richmond  to  iTew  Paris,  O. 

Bichmond  and  Hillsboro — 9  miles,  all  finished. 

Bichmond  and  Lick  Creek — running  south  from  Richmond 
on  the  west  side  of  the  river. 

Bichmond  and  Liberty — finished  from  Richmond,  7  miles. 

Bichmond  and  Williamsburg — 10  miles,  all  finished. 

Short  Creek,  or  Green  Mount — from  Richmond  and  Boston 
pike,  IJ  m.  south  of  Richmond,  4  miles  to  Ohio  line. 

Smyrna — from  Richmond  and  Hillsboro  pike  east  to  New 
Paris,  Ohio. 

Union  County  Straight  Line — from  a  point  on  the  Richmond 
and  Boston  pike,  2  m.  south  of  Richmond ;  but  a  small  portion 
finished. 

How  many  miles  have  been  added  to  the  finished  turnpike 
roads  in  the  county  since  1865,  has  not  been  ascertained. 

Canals. 

At  its  session  of  1835-6,  the  Indiana  legislature  passed  a 
general  Internal  Improvement  bill,  under  which  were  com- 
menced the  Wabash  and  Erie  canal,  the  Madison  and  In- 
dianapolis railroad,  Indiana  Central  canal,  and  the  Whitewater 
Valley  canal.  The  last-named  work  was  to  extend  from  Ha- 
gerstown to  Lawrenceburg.    [The  state  of  Ohio,  or  a  company 


INTERNAL    IMPROVEMENTS.  109 

chartered  by  the  state,  afterward  constructed  a  branch  from 
Harrison,  Ohio,  to  Cincinnati.]  Under  the  auspices  of  the 
state,  the  Whitewater  Valley  canal  was  completed  from  the 
Ohio  river  to  Brookville,  as  well  as  about  half  the  work  from 
Brookville  to  Cambridge  City.  At  this  time,  [1839,]  the  state 
found  itself  in  debt  some  fourteen  million  dollars,  and  was  com- 
pelled to  abandon  all  the  public  works. 

At  the  session  of  1841-42,  the  legislature  chartered  the 
Whitewater  Valley  Canal  Company,  with  a  capital  stock  of 
$400,000.  Samuel  AY.  Parker,  of  Connersville,  afterward  mem- 
ber of  Congress  from  this  district,  took  an  active  part  in  get- 
ting up  the  company,  and,  in  connection  with  J.  G.  Marshall 
and  others,  secured  the  granting  of  the  charter  by  the  legisla- 
ture of  which  they  both  were  active  members.  One  of  the 
principal  contractors  under  the  state  and  company,  was  Thomas 
Tyner. 

The  citizens  of  Cambridge  City  celebrated  the  commence- 
ment of  operations  by  the  company  on  the  28th  day  of  July, 
1842,  by  a  barbecue,  which  was  attended  by  about  10,000  per- 
sons. The  first  wheelbarrow  load  of  earth  was  dug  and 
wheeled  out  by  Hon.  Samuel  W.  Parker;  the  second,  by  Hon. 
Jehu  T.  Elliott,  of  Newcastle,  since  a  judge  of  the  supreme 
court.  Every  one  present  will  remember  the  witty  little 
speech  of  Parker  on  first  "breaking  ground"  in  the  name  of 
the  company,  and  the  able  and  more  formal^address  which  he 
afterward  commenced,  but  which  a  terrible  thunderstorm  pre- 
vented him  from  completing.  Letters  from  Henry  Clay  and 
other  distinguished  persons,  who  had  been  invited  but  failed  to 
attend,  were  read  on  the  occasion. 

The  canal  was  finished,  and  boats  commenced  running  in 
1846.  For  a  year  or  two  an  immense  quantity  of  grain  and 
other  produce  was  purchased  and  shipped  at  Cambridge  City, 
which  was  a  principal  shipping  port  for  Rush,  Henry,  Ran- 
dolph, and  Delaware  counties.  A  daily  line  of  passenger  boats 
was  also  run  to  Cincinnati. 

On  the  first  day  of  January,  1847,  a  tremendous  freshet 
damaged  the  canal  so  badly  that  it  cost  upward  of  ^100,000  to 
repair  it.  A  second  flood  in  November,  1848,  only  a  few 
weeks  after  the  repairs  had  been  completed,  damaged  it  to  the 


110  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

amount  of  $80,000.  It  was,  however,  again  repaired,  and 
operated,  to  some  extent,  for  several  years,  until  superseded  by 
railroads — one,  the  Whitewater  Yalley  railroad,  constructed 
along  the  tow-path,  and  part  of  the  way,  in  the  bed  of  the 
canal,  which  had  been  previously  placed  in  the  hands  of  a  re- 
ceiver, and  was  subsequently  sold  for  that  purpose. 

The  canal  constructed  by  the  company  extended  north  only 
to  Cambridge  City.  Subsequently,  in  or  about  the  year  1846, 
the  Hagerstown  Canal  Comjmny  was  organized,  and  the  canal 
completed  to  that  place  in  1847.  But  a  small  number  of  boats, 
however,  ever  reached  that  place;  and  the  canal  soon  fell  into 
disuse,  except  as  a  source  of  water-power  for  Conklin's  and 
other  mills. 

In  1838,  authority  was  granted  to  the  Richmond  and  Brook- 
ville  Canal  Comjmny  to  construct  a  canal  from  Richmond  to 
Brookville,  but  without  the  aid  of  the  state.  The  length  of 
the  Richmond  and  Brookville  canal  was  nearly  34  miles ;  the 
estimated  cost  §508,000 ;  whole  lockage,  273  feet ;  Richmond 
taking  stock  to  the  amount  of  §50,000.  "Work  was  let  to  the 
amount  of  $80,000,  and  about  $45,000  expended.  The  enter- 
prise was  then  abandoned.  By  the  great  flood  on  the  first  day 
of  January,  1847,  the  value  of  nearly  all  the  work  that  had 
been  done,  was  suddenly  destroyed.  This  is  now  regarded  as 
a  fortunate  occurrence.  Had  the  canal  been  finished — the  fall 
being  273  feet  in  34  miles — it  would  probably  have  been 
utterly  destroyed. 

Railroads. 

In  the  year  1853,  a  railroad  was  completed  from  Cincin- 
nati to  Richmond,  by  way  of  Dayton,  and  another  by  way  of 
Eaton ;  and  in  the  same  year  the  Indiana  Central,  from  Rich- 
mond to  Indianapolis,  which  is  now  a  part  of  the  Pittsburg, 
Cincinnati  and  St.  Louis  Railway.  A  railroad  is  completed 
from  Richmond  to  Wiuchester,  and  is  a  part  of  the  Cincin- 
nati, Richmond  and  Fort  Wayne  Railway.  The  Columbus, 
Chicago  and  Indiana  Central  passes  through  Richmond. 
The  Whitewater  Valley  road  from  Cincinnati  passes  through 
.  Cambridge  City  to  Hagerstown  on  the  Columbus,  Chicago  and 
Indiana  Central.  The  Fort  Wayne,  Muncie  and  Cincinnati 
also  passes  through  Cambridge  City.     This  was  formerly  the 


AGRICULTURAL   SOCIETIES.  Ill 

Cambridge  City  Branch  of  the  Cincinnati  and  Indianapolis 
Junction  road,  from  Connersville,  on  the  Junction  road,  to 
ISTewcastle,  on  the  Columbus,  Chicago  and  Indiana  Central 
road.  The  raih-oad  from  Cambridge  City  to  Rushville,  on  the 
Cincinnati  and  Indianapolis  Junction  road,  was  completed  July 
4, 1867.  It  is  now  a  branch  of  the  Jeflfersonville,  Madison  and 
Indianapolis  road,  and  was  originally  a  part  of  the  Lake  Erie 
and  Louisville  Railroad,  extending  from  Fremont,  0.,  to  Rush- 
ville, Ind.j  and  by  connections,  to  Louisville,  Ky. 


AGEICULTURAL  SOCIETIES. 

The  first  Agricultural  Fair  held,  in  "Wayne  county  is  said 
to  have  been  held  in  Centerville,  about  the  year  1828;  but 
no  definite  or  reliable  information  in  respect  to  its  origin  or 
appointment  has  been  furnished.  The  writer  has  made  some 
inquiry,  but  has  found  no  person  able  to  give  any  history  of 
a  regularly  organized  society  at  so  early  a  date. 

First  Society. 

The  late  Agricultural  Society  of  Wayne  county,  and  prob- 
ably the  first,  was  organized  in  the  year  1850.  Its  first  Fair 
was  held  in  Richmond,  on  lauds  owned  by  Jonathan  Roberts, 
now  a  part  of  the  city.  Probably  few,  even  of  the  older  cit- 
izens, have  ever  known  how  it  was  brought  into  existence. 
An  old  citizen,  who  assisted  in  its  organization,  gives  an  ac- 
count of  it  as  follows  : 

"  It  was  organized  in  1850.  I  called  a  meeting  at  Center- 
ville for  the  purpose  of  securing  an  organization.  Wm.  T. 
Dennis  and  myself  went  over  to  the  "hub"  of  the  county; 
but  few  attended — at  most  not  exceeding  half  a  dozen.  We 
adjourned  to  meet  at  Richmond  on  the  following  Saturday. 
But  two  practical  farmers  were  present.  The  mechanics  took 
no  interest  in  it.  We  adjourned  to  next  morning,  Sunday 
as  it  was.  I  sent  for  Dennis  to  come  to  my  oflice.  I 
proposed  that  he  and  I  organize  the  society  to  give  character 
to  it.  We  elected  Daniel  Clark,  an  enterprising  farmer, 
president  of  the  board,  and  myself  vice-president,  and  Den- 


112  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

nis  secretary.  We  then  appointed  one  citizen  from  each 
township  on  the  board  of  directors.  We  got  up  a  premium 
list,  and  published  it,  appearing  as  the  work  of  the  directors. 
We  subsequently  rented  about  two  acres  of  ground  of  Jona- 
than Roberts,  and  had  it  inclosed  with  a  tight  board  fence, 
and  held  the  Fair  that  year  all  on  our  own  personal  responsi- 
bility. From  the  receipts  we  paid  all  expenses,  except  for 
our  services  and  individual  expenditures,  and  had  a  surplus 
of  several  hundred  dollars.  In  the  following  winter  or 
spring,  we  called  a  county  meeting  at  Centerville,  which  was 
largely  attended,  and  handed  over  to  the  treasurer  the  profits 
of  the  first  Fair.  This  was  the  beginning  of  our  institution 
which  subsequently  reflected  great  honor  on  Wayne  county. 
"At  the  next  session  of  the  legislature,  David  P.  Holloway 
prepared  and  introduced  a  bill  organizing  a 

State  Board  of  Agriculture. 

After  a  warm  contest,  the  law  was  passed ;  and  we  all  know 
the  result.  At  the  first  State  Fair,  citizens  of  Wayne  county 
took  as  many  of  the  silverware,  or  high  class  premiums,  as 
all  the  rest  of  the  state  combined." 

David  P.  Holloway  was  the  first  president  of  the  county 
society,  and  held  the  office  for  several  years.  Gov.  Wright, 
a  friend  of  agriculture,  attended  the  first  fair,  and  ad- 
dressed the  people  on  the  subject.  A  lease  of  ten  acres  of 
land  for  ten  years  was  obtained  from  a  widowed  German 
lady,  just  south  of  the  city,  where  fences  and  permanent 
buildings  were  put  up,  and  the  annual  fairs  held.  The  last 
was  held  in  1866. 

Cambridge  City  District  Agricultural  Society. 

This  Society  embraces  the  counties  of  Wayne,  Fayette, 
Union,  Franklin,  Rush,  Shelby,  Hancock,  Henry,  Delaware 
and  Randolph.  It  was  organized  June  18,  1870,  at  Cam- 
bridge City.  Its  object  is  the  promotion  of  the  agricultural, 
mechanical  and  horticultural  interests.  It  purchased  of  Gen. 
Solomon  Meredith  a  beautiful,  level  tract  of  land  of  60  acres, 
for  the  sum  $12,000,  or  $200  per  acre.  The  land  adjoins  the 
corporate  limits  of  Cambridge  City  on  the  south,  and  was 
purchased  on  a  credit  of  twelve  years. 


AGRICULTURAL    SOCIETIES.  113 

The  capital  stock  of  the  association  is  $10,000,  about  $8,000 
of  which  has  been  taken  and  paid  for.  The  land  has  been 
inclosed  by  a  substantial  fence,  and  the  necessary  buildings 
and  stalls  have  been  erected,  at  a  cost  of  about  $10,000,  and  a 
magnificent  mile  track  has  been  constructed  at  a  cost  of  not 
less  than  $2,000.  The  shape  of  the  track  is  an  oval,  being 
some  narrower  at  one  end.  The  shape  and  extent  of  the 
track,  and  the  excellent  character  of  the  soil  for  the  purpose 
intended,  make  it  superior  to  any  other  track  in  the  West, 
and  probably  equal  to  any  in'the  United  States. 

The  otficers  chosen  at  the  organization  were  the  following  : 

President — Gen.  Solomon  Meredith. 

Vice-President — Capt.  John  Colter. 

Secretary — John  I.  Underwood. 

Treasurer — Thomas  Newby. 

Siiperiyitendent — Sanford  Lackey. 

Assistant  Superintendent — Robert  A.  Patterson. 

BoAKD  OP  Directors. —  Wayne  County — Gen.  S.  Meredith,  John  Callo- 
way, Charles  Boughner,  Henry  Shinier,  Wilson  Jones,  John  I.  Under- 
wood, John  "W.  Jackson,  Jonah  Riesor,  James  W.  Carpenter,  Sanford 
Lackey,  John  Colter,  Nathan  S.  Hawkins,  Charles  W.  Routh,  Robert  A. 
Patterson,  Nathan  Raymond,  Cleophas  Straub,  Joseph  Morrey. 

Fayette  County — A.  B.  Claypool. 

Union  County — R.  M.  Haworth. 

Franklin  County — Hon.  John  Beggs. 

Rush  County — Isaac  B.  Loder. 

Shelby  County— ^.  S.  Wilson. 

Hancock  County — Dr.  N.  P.  Howard. 

Henry  County — Simon  T.  Powell. 

Delaware  County — Volney  Wilson. 

Randolph  Couyity— Col.  H.  H.  Neff. 

Two  annual  fairs  have  already  been  held  by  the  Society 
with  great  success.  To  Gen.  Meredith,  perhaps,  more  than 
to  any  other  one  man,  is  the  Association  indebted  for  the 
successful  inauguration  and  completion  of  this  enterprise. 

The  present  officers  are  : 

President — A.  B.  Claypool,  Fayette  county. 

Vice-President — Isaac  Kinsey,  Wayne  county. 

Secretary — John  I.  Underwood,  Wayne  county. 

Treasurer — John  W.  Jackson,  Wayne  county. 

Superintendent — Charles  Boughner,  Wayne  county. 

Assistant  Superintendent— 3 .  Young,  Wayne  county. 

Marshal — H.  Shisgler,  Wayne  county. 


114  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Wayne  County  Joint  Stock  Agricultural  Association. 

This  association  was  organized  in  August,  1867,  for  the 
purpose  of  holding  fairs  in  Centerville.  The  first  exhibition 
of  the  society  was  held  in  October  following  on  their  beauti- 
ful grounds  adjoining  the  town;  and  successful  fairs  have 
been  held  annually  since.  The  first  oflicers  of  the  associa- 
tion were :  Eankin  Baldridge,  President ;  Henry  B.  Eupe, 
Treasurer ;  Sylvester  Johnson,  Secretary  ;  Daniel  S.  Brown, 
Superintendent.  Present  officers  :  Eankin  Baldridge,  Presi- 
dent; John  P.  Smith,  Vice-President ;  W.  (r.  Stevens,  Treas- 
urer ;  W.  Q.  Elliott,  Secretary ;  Alfred  J.  Lashley,  Superin- 
tendent. 

Richmond  Industrial  Association.  [See  History  of  Eichmond.] 

Richmond  Horticultural  Society. 

This  Society  was  organized  December,  1855,  by  some  half- 
dozen  persons,  most  of  them  amateurs.  For  the  first  two 
years,  the  progress  of  the  society  was  slow.  It  was  not  till 
after  the  first  exhibition  that  any  great  interest  in  horticul- 
ture was  manifested ;  since  which  time  it  has  been  constantly 
on  the  increase.  By  the  energy  and  perseverance  of  mem- 
bers, the  leading  new  varieties  of  fruits,  flowers,  and  vegeta- 
bles have  been  obtained  and  brought  to  public  notice  and 
general  cultivation  in  this  locality.  The  skill  and  judgment 
of  the  members  have  been  the  subject  of  encomium  by  the 
press,  and  high  praise  has  been  given  to  the  society  by  the 
large  numbers  of  citizens  attending  its  meetings.  The  exhi- 
bitions have  also  been  almost  invariably  financially  successfuh 
It  is  said  to  be  now  the  oldest  existing  horticultural  society 
in  the  state. 


OLD  settlers'  meetings.  115 


OLD  SETTLERS'  MEETINGS. 

Several  years  before  tlie  breaking  out  of  the  late  war,  the 
citizens  of  this  county  instituted  the  custom  of  holding 
annual  picnics.  The  excitement  during  the  progress  of  the 
war  took  away  the  interest  in  those  meetings  ;  but  after  the 
return  of  peace  they  were  resumed.  The  meeting  of  1869 
was  held  on  the  fair  ground  at  Centerville,  on  the  18th  of 
June.  It  was  represented  in  the  newspapers  as  a  successful 
one.  Since  the  first  meeting,  held  ten  years  previously,  there 
had  not  been  so  large  an  attendance  as  there  was  at  this  meet- 
ing. The  following  report  of  its  proceedings  and  of  the  re- 
marks of  the  speakers,  is  taken  from  the  newspapers  : 

Hon,  James  Perry,  of  Richmond,  was  chosen  president  of 
the  meeting. 

The  President,  on  taking  the  chair,  made  an  a[>propriate 
address,  in  Avhicli  he  briefly  compared  the  state  of  the  coun- 
try and  the  county  Mij  years  ago  with  their  present  condi- 
tion. There  can  not  be  a  more  beautiful  contrast  than  that 
between  the  county  as  it  was  in  the  days  of  the  red  man,  and 
the  county  as  it  is  now.  Then  all  was  wilderness  ;  now  we 
have  turnpikes  and  railroads,  cultivated  farms  and  splendid 
mansions,  and  the  fields  are  decked  with  grain  and  flowers. 
After  a  few  remarks  on  the  propriety  and  good  results  of  this 
association,  he  concluded.  The  organization  was  then  com- 
pleted by  the  election  of  Oliver  T.  Jones  and  Isaac  N.  Beard, 
as  Vice-Presidents,  and  Dr.  Samuel  S.  Boyd,  Secretary. 

On  the  stand  were  Colonel  James  Blake,  Hon.  J.  S.  New- 
man, and  Hon.  Oliver  P.  Morton,  former  residents  of  Wayne 
county,  now  of  Indianapolis ;  Joseph  Holman,  John  Peelle, 
Barnabas  C.  Hobbs,  Colonel  Enoch  Railsback,  Jacob  B.  Ju- 
lian, Iloah  W.  Miner,  John  Green,  Dr.  Mendenhall,  and 
others. 

Hon.  Olioer  P.  Morton  was  introduced  by  the  President  as 


116  HISTORY    OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

the  first  speaker.  He  said  he  was  a  native  of  Salishiiiy,  the 
old  county  town  which  has  passed  out  of  existence,  the  house 
of  Colonel  Railsback  being  the  last  and  only  one.  A  half 
century  ago,  Indiana  was  called  the  extreme  West ;  and  a 
trip  from  the  Eastern  states  took  as  much  time  as  it  did  now 
to  go  to  the  Sandwich  Islands,  or  to  Japan.  Indiana  is  not 
now  in  the  West  at  all.  An  Omaha  paper  claimed  that  that 
city  was  in  the  East !  He  spoke  of  the  progress  of  the  coun- 
try in  wealth  and  population,  and  its  moral  and  intellectual 
improvement.  He  did  not  believe  there  would  be  another 
rebellion;  the  country,  a  hundred  years  hence,  would  be 
bound  together  b}"  stronger  ties  than  ever  of  atfection,  of 
honor,  and  glory. 

Josejj/i  Holman  was  then  introduced.  He  said  he  was  the 
sole  survivor  of  two  events ;  of  the  first  emigration  party  of 
eight,  who  came  to  Wayne  county  in  1805,  and  also  of  the 
body  of  men  who  framed  the  first  constitution  of  the  state  in 
1816.  When  he  came,  Knox,  Clark,  and  Dearborn  were  the 
only  counties  in  the  territory.  Mr.  Holman  read  a  sketch  of 
his  early  reminiscences  which  he  had  prepared.  [As  a  large 
portion  of  the  facts  alluded  to  in  the  sketch  are  mentioned 
elsewhere  in  this  work,  they  are  here  omitted.]  While  he 
was  reading,  the  emigration  train  passed  by,  with  their 
pack  horses,  hominy  kettle  and  bell,  all  in  the  order  they 
started  sis:ty-four  years  ago.  This  exhibition  excited  a  good 
deal  of  interest.  Mr.  Holman  was  born  near  Versailles, 
Woodford  county,  Ky.,  and  was  married  November  22,  1810, 
and  went  to  housekeeping  two  days  afterward  in  a  log  cabin 
built  by  himself.  He  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  built  a 
block-house  on  his  farm  near  Centerville. 

The  meeting  next  adjourned  for  dinner.  A  reporter  of  the 
proceedings,  alluding  to  the  ample  supply  of  provisions  for 
the  occasion,  wrote :  "  We  heard  of  one  poor  family  who 
only  made  way  with  thirteen  chickens;  and  from  the  appear- 
ance of  the  ground,  this  may  be  taken  as  a  fair  average  of  the 
way  the  barn-yards  suffered  all  over  the  county."  The  first 
thing  done  by  the  President  was  to  oft'er  a  set  of  knives  and 
forks  made  by  Henry  Hunter,  of  Richmond,  to  the  oldest 
person  on  the  ground.  The  prize  was  carried  off  by  William 
Bundy,  aged  eighty-two. 


OLD  settlers'  meetings.  117 

Colonel  James  Bla/iX,  of  Indianapolis.  When  lie  came  to 
Marion  connty,  Wayne  was  called  "  Old  Wayne,''  Ijeini;-  six- 
teen years  ahead  of  Marion.  Between  Centerville  and  In- 
dianapolis there  were  not  a  half-dozen  inhabitants.  The  peo- 
ple of  Wayne  and  Marion  were  neighbors,  and  were  familiar 
with  each  other.  Tlie  citizens  of  Indianapolis  got  their  mail 
from  the  Connersville  post-office,  taking  two  days  to  go  and 
two  days  to  get  back.  In  early  times  there  were  two  parties 
in  the  state,  the  Wliitewater  party  and  the  Kentncky  party, 
trained  in  all  sorts  of  tricks  b\^  the  controversy  over  the  re- 
moval of  the  county  seat  from  Salisbury  to  Centerville. 

The  AYhitewater  party  always  beat  the  Kentucky  party, 
and  virtually  controlled  the  state.  He  remembered  the 
first  United  States  mail  that  came  to  Indianapolis,  in  April, 
1822.  The  news  came  one  day  that  the  next  the  United 
States  mail  was  to  come;  and  at  the  appointed  time  all  In- 
dianapolis gathered,  to  the  number  of  thirty  or  forty  families, 
to  see  the  mail  come  in.  Presently,  tb rough  the  woods  was 
seen  a  young  man  riding  his  horse  at  a  gallop,  now  and  then 
blowing  his  horn ;  and  that  was  the  United  States  mail. 
The  saddle-bags  were  opened,  and  there  were  about  a  dozen 
letters.  It  was  a  great  day  for  Indianapolis.  The  young 
mail  carrier's  name  was  Lewis  Jones.  [At  this  instant,  Mr. 
Jones,  still  residing  in  Center  township,  arose.]  That  3^ouug 
man  carried  the  mail  for  two  years,  swimming  all  the  creeks. 
He  was  once  so  far  frozen,  that  it  required  two  men  to  take 
him  off  his  horse  into  a  store  to  thaw  him  out.  In  1821, 
when  the  speaker  came  to  Indianapolis,  there  was  no  prop- 
erty held  except  b}^  the  government.  It  was  one  great  forest, 
through  which  they  could  not  see  the  sun  and  sky.  Once 
the  people  got  so  famished  to  see  the  firmament,  that  they 
made  up  a  party,  and  rode  eighteen  miles  to  William  Con- 
ner's prairie,  and  spent  the  day  roaming  round.  When  they 
first  saw  the  sun,  the  whole  party  took  off  their  hats  and 
cheered  for  half  an  hour  !  Colonel  Blake  also  complimented 
the  people  of  that  day  for  being  so  honest,  that  notes  foj- 
borrowed  money  were  never  thought  of.  People  helped  each 
other  as  a  matter  of  course,  and  borrowed  monev  without  in- 


118  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

terest.  JSTotliing-  was  known  of  usury  until  1834,  when  the 
banks  started  up,  and  a  bank  aristocracy  was  created. 

John  S.  Newman  was  introduced.  He  had  been  a  long 
time  a  resident  of  Wayne  county,  and  his  mind  was  crowded 
with  recollections.  He  remembered  letters  addressed  to  his 
grandfather,  "Andrew  Hoover,  Dearborn  County,  Indiana 
Territory,"  In  the  audience  before  him  he  recognized  many 
old  friends,  and  not  a  few  he  might  call  "chums."  He  re- 
membered many  of  the  incidents  related  by  Joseph  Holman; 
but  one  Mr.  Holman  had  forgotten  to  tell.  At  the  election 
held  in  1814  to  elect  members  of  the  legislature,  James 
Brown  received  one  vote  more  than  Holman ;  and  as  they 
voted  viva  voce,  when  one  man  came  up  and  voted  for  Brown, 
some  one  said,  "  I  thought  you  intended  to  vote  for  Hol- 
man ?  "  "  So  I  did,"  was  the  reply,  "  but  let  it  stand  now." 
That  vote  elected  Brown ;  but  Brown  died  when  he  was 
within  a  few  miles  of  the  capital  at  Corydon,  and  Holman 
was  elected  at  a  special  election  to  fill  the  vacancy.  [Mr. 
!N^ewman  here  omits  a  fact.  Brown  had  voted  for  himself; 
and  had  Holman  voted  for  himself,  he  would  have  prevented 
the  election  of  his  rival,  which  he  was  unwilling  to  do.] 
There  were  then  about  six  hundred  votes  cast  in  the  county. 
In  1818,  John  Sutherland  got  888  votes,  and  it  was  thought 
nobody  would  ever  get  so  many  votes  again.  Mr.  ITew- 
man's  folks  landed  in  Wayne  county  March  29,  1807.  At 
that  time  the  land  belonged  to  the  Indians.  The  line  be- 
tween the  red  and  the  white  men's  grounds  then  ran  about 
two  and  a  half  miles  west  of  Richmond.  In  1809,  a  strip  of 
land  twelve  miles  wide  was  purchased  b}-  Gen.  Harrison,  west 
of  the  Waj-ne  purchase  of  1785 ;  and  the  west  line  of  the 
purchase  ran  near  Cambridge  City.  It  was  a  great  thing 
then  to  go  to  the  new  purchase.  The  price  of  land  was  $2 
per  acre  ;  but  for  cash  down  the  Government  made  a  reduc- 
tion of  37J  cents. 

He  remembered  the  old  path  by  Cox's  mill,  built  in  the 
year  1807,  to  Eichmond,  down  the  Whitewater.  When  he 
was  old  enough  to^it  on  a  horse,  his  uncle  and  himself  used 
to  go  to  mill  ;  and  tlie  pathway  Avas  so  narrow  that  they  had 
to  push  the  bushes  on  either  side  to  allow  their  animals  to 


OLD  settlers'  meetings.  119 

pass.  That  is  now  the  most  thickly  settled  part  of  Wayne 
county.  lie  concurred  with  Gov.  Morton  in  the  belief  that 
the  world  was  growing  better  intellectually  and  morally,  but 
doubted  it  a  little  as  to  muscular  strength.  Handling  the  ax, 
splitting  logs  and  rails,  developed  a  strength  of  muscle  supe- 
rior to  that  enjoyed  by  the  men  of  to-day. 

John  Peelle  was  the  next  speaker.  He  said  :  I  have  so 
often  told  yow  the  same  old  story,  that  you  know  it  by  heart. 
You  know  I  was  born  in  the  year  1791,  near  Beard's  hatter 
shop  in  old  North  Carolina.  You  remember  the  plow  made 
of  a  forked  stick,  the  cotton  rope  traces,  my  tanning  leather, 
or  pretending  to,  and  making  my.  wife's  shoes  out  of  it,  which 
hurt  her  feet  to  this  day.  You  know,  for  I  have  told  you 
before,  that  after  I  came  to  this  State,  I  often  got  up  from 
the  table  hungry,  and  sighed,  with  tears  in  my  eyes,  for  my 
mother's  milk-house  in  JSTorth  Carolina.  But  we  soon 
raised  plenty  of  corn  and  squashes  and  pumpkins,  on  which 
we  fared  sumptuou3l3^  AYe  used  to  harid  round  a  basket  of 
turnips  to  company  in  the  place  of  apples.  I  remember  once 
at  a  neighbor's  house,  I  did  not  scra[»e  the  turnip  as  close  as 
the  good  lad}"  of  the  house  thought  I  ought  to  ;  so  she  scraped 
it  over  again  and  ate  it  herself.  I  believe  I  have  seen  as  hard 
times  as  the  next  man.  I  made  two  farms  from  the  green. 
One  day,  going  to  Motiitt's  on  a  borrowed  horse,  he  fell  down 
fourteen  times,  but  he  got  the  bag  off  only  once.  Let  me  say 
a  word  about  my  nephew,  Judge  Peelle.  I  believe  he  is 
present.  AYell,  whether  lie  is  or  not,  he  was  as  bad  a  child 
as  I  ever  knew.  He  cried  nearly  all  the  way  from  Xorth 
Carolina, for  which  I  often  wanted  to  thrash  him.  Yet  after 
all,  the  judge  is  quite  a  man  now.  Mr.  I'eelle  exhibited  a  shill- 
ing once  owned  by  John  Wesley,  and  a  mate  to  the  one  he 
paid  to  the  'squire  who  married  him.  Being  about  to  leave 
the  stand  without  alluding  to  his  pantaloons,  some  one  re- 
minded him  of  his  forgetfulness.  Turning  to  the  audience 
and  laying  his  hand  on  his  pantaloons,  he  said:  These  are 
the  identical  "  overhauls  "  for  which  I  swapped  another  })air 
at  a  log-rolling  sliortly  after  I  came  to  this  country.  We 
went  into  a  log  meeting-house  close  by  to  make  the  ex- 
change. 


120  HISTORY   OF   "WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Barnabas  C.  Hobbs,  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction, 
was  the  next  speaker.  He  was  born  in  "Washington  county. 
When  the  emigrants  started  to  North  Carolina,  they  parted 
company  in  Kentucky,  a  portion  going  to  Wayne  county,  the 
other  to  Washington  county.  He  remembered  the  laying  off 
of  the  city  of  Indianapolis.  When  the  people  got  home  and 
were  asked  the  name  of  the  new  town,  they  replied,  "  Indian 
no  place."  He  remembered  Judge  Parke  very  well,  who  used 
to  stay  at  his  father's  house  when  on  his  circuit,  which  ex- 
tended from  Vincennes  to  Richmond,  taking  in  all  the  in- 
termediate country,  Lawrenceburg  and  all.  Mr.  Hobbs  told 
a  story  of  the  courtship  of  Gabriel  ITewby,  of  Washington 
county,  who  was  in  love  with  the  daughter  of  John  Harvey, 
of  Wayne  county.  It  took  the  lover  two  days  to  go  to  and 
from  Harvey's  house,  requiring  him  to  spend  one  night  in 
the  woods  on  the  journey.  On  one  occasion,  after  ISTewby 
had  encamped  for  the  night,  the  wolves  came  around  him; 
and, through  the  darkness  until  daylight  he  had  to  fight  the 
beasts  with  fire-brands.  Such  was  the  trouble  young  men 
had  then  to  get  wives.  Although  Mr.  H.  omitted  to  tell  it, 
Miss  Harvey  finally  became  Mrs.  Newby.  He  closed  with  an 
interesting  examination  of  the  old  constitution  of  1816,  and 
the  school  laws  of  that  time,  to  show  that  the  men  of  that 
day  had  the  most  expanded  ideas  of  the  advantages  of  a 
thorough  education  of  the  youth  of  the  state. 

The  exercises  were  now  relieved  by  the  baud  playing  the 
air,  "  Auld  laug  syne,"  after  which 

Col.  Enoch  Railsback  made  a  speech  crowded  with  interest- 
ing facts.  He  came  to  Wayne  county  on  the  17th  of  March, 
1807,  when  the  land  belonged  to  the  Shawnee  and  Delaware 
Indians.  Polly  Whitehead,  daughter  of  the  Baptist  preacher, 
was  the  first  white  woman  married  in  the  county.  [Mrs. 
Hunt,  the  lady  named,  was  present,  and  came  upon  the  plat- 
form.] She  was  then  one  of  the  finest  women  in  the  settle- 
ment ;  and  although  now  eighty-one  years  of  age,  she  steps  off 
as  lively  to-day  as  almost  any  one  can.  The  first  Methodist  Epis- 
copal church  was  established  by  Hugh  Cull  and  old  Mr.  Meek, 
in  1808.  The  preaching  places  were  at  John  Cox's,  Hugh 
Cull's,  and  at  the  speaker's  father's.     The  first  mill  was  built 


1^  -^s^* 


Co-i^iN^:;^  ycc^S^:^'^^^<^. 


OLD  settlers'  meetings.  121 

J^ovember  30, 1807,  by  old  man  Hunt,  on  the  Elkliorn.  Squire 
Rue  and  Squire  Cox,  the  first  justices  of  the  peace,  were  as 
much  revered  as  a  judge  is  now-a-days.  The  first  doctors 
were  Dr.  David  F.  Sackett  and  Dr.  Davis;  but  the  first  of  a 
higher  order  of  physicians,  as  tlie  people  believed,  were  Drs. 
Pugh,  Warner,  Pritchett,  and  Mendenhall.  He  had  worn  as 
man3%  if  not  more  leather  breeches  than  any  one  else  on  the 
ground,  and  was  just  as  happy  tlien  as  he  was  now,  worth  a 
hundred  times  as  much.  He  recollected  John  Green  very 
well,  a  gentlemanly  old  Indian,  who  hved  on  ISToland's  Fork, 
He  had  often  seen  Indians  pass  his  father's  house,  sometimes 
fifty  or  sixty,  going  to  Hamilton,  Ohio,  to  trade;  and  they 
were  very  friendly.  The  last  crowd  of  Indians  he  saw  was 
when  Gen.  Harrison  reviewed  the  eight  regiments  of  militia 
just  south  of  Richmond,  where  he  had  come  to  warn  the  people 
of  danger.  There  were  about  fifty  sitting  on  the  fence  looking 
at  the  review.  Mr.  Railsback  related  several  interesting  inci- 
dents connected  with  the  Indians,  one  of  which  was  their  stealing 
Lydia  Thorp,  a  little  daughter  of  Boaz  Thorp,  near  Milton. 
The  Indians  were  tracked  by  men  and  dogs,  but  they  escaped, 
and  nothing  was  seen  of  the  girl  until,  about  ten  years  after, 
they  saw  her  at  the  forks  of  the  Wabash,  the  happy  wife  of  an 
Indian.  The  mother  and  father  did  not  dare  to  speak  to  her, 
and  she  soon  left,  and  was  seen  by  them  no  more.  Jeptha 
Turner  is  the  oldest  native  born  inhabitant  of  Wayne  county 
living,  and  is  about  sixty-three  years  of  age.  Mrs.  Railsback 
was  the  first  white  child  born  in  the  county.  She  came  into 
the  world  October  5,  1806. 

Jacob  B.  Julian  next  addressed  the  meeting.  He  appeared 
for  the  reason  that  most  of  the  other  speakers  had  been  born 
away  from  home;  and  he  wanted  the  audience  to  see  the  ad- 
vantages of  being  born  in  Wayne  county.  He  was  "  native 
and  to  the  manor  born  " — about  fifty-four  3'ears  ago.  A  portion 
of  the  old  house  he  carried  in  the  shape  of  a  walking-stick, 
as  a  sacred  memento  of  his  father  and  mother.  When  he  was 
born,  the  tax  duplicate  was  only  about  $950;  now  it  amounted 
to  between  §350,000  and  §360,000.  The  Twelve  Mile  Pur- 
chase was  then  in  market.  Between  Cambridge  and  the  Pa- 
cific ocean   there   was   not  a  foot  of  land   subject  to  entry. 


122  HISTORY   OF    TVAYNE    COUNTY. 

There  were  not,  probably,  one  thousand  white  men  in  all  that 
country,  where  there  are  at  least  ten  millions  to-day.  When 
be  was  born,  not  a  turnpike  was  thought  of.  Railroads  had 
not  been  dreamed  of.  There  was  but  one  church,  and  no 
school-house,  that  was  not  made  of  logs.  To-day  there  are 
three  hundred  miles  of  turnpike,  and  $300,000  invested  in 
churches  and  school-houses.  What  a  change  in  one  short  life  ! 
Mr.  Julian  then  passed  into  a  eulogium  of  Wayne  county, 
and  alluded  to  the  feeling  of  pride  and  love  which  animated 
the  breast  of  every  native  of  the  county. 

Noah  W.  Miner,  the  last  speaker,  said  he  could  n't  attempt 
a  speech  in  less  than  three  or  four  hours ;  but  if  the  committee 
would  give  him  that  length  of  time  on  some  occasion,  he 
would  show  them  what  could  be  done  in  the  way  of  a 
speech.  He  came  from  the  Beard's  hatter  shop  locality,  being 
born  in  the  year  1800.  He  had  seen  the  century  in,  and  he 
knew  no  good  reason  why  he  should  n't  see  it  out.  He  had 
lived  sixty-nine  years,  and  if  something  did  n't  happen  to  him 
that  never  had  happened,  he  would  see  the  century  out,  sure. 
Mr.  Miner  told  sundry  interesting  things  about  his  early  life 
corroborative  of  the  facts  related  by  others,  and  gave  way 
about  four  o'clock  to  the  museum  of  curious  things,  which  was 
conducted  by  Mr.  Jones  with  all  the  empressment  of  a  regular 
exhibitor  of  striped  reptiles  or  fat  women.  The  following  is  a 
list: 

A  pewter  bowl,  over  one  hundred  years  old,  belonging  to 
Leah  Bartlett,  of  Maryland,  now  owned  by  her  granddaughter. 

A  pair  of  spoon  molds,  with  spoon. 

A  copy  of  the  Ulster  County  Gazette,  of  the  date  of  January 
4,  1800,  with  an  account  of  the  death  and  funeral  of  General 
Washington.     Published  at  Kingston,  Ulster  county,  IST.  Y. 

Old  plow  with  wooden  mold  board. 

A  pair  of  hames  accompanying  the  plow. 

A  powder  horn  made  of  gourd  used  by  the  grandfather  of 
Levi  Warren  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  under  Gen.  Benedict 
Arnold.  As  the  President  said,  "a  better  gourd  now  than 
Arnold  was  a  man." 

A  pocket-book  one  hundred  and  fifty  years  old,  made  in 


CKIMINAL    TKIALS,  123 

Germany,  and  brought  over  with  German  guild orn  of  date 
1709. 

A  lot  of  German  almanacs,  the  oldest  dated  1775. 

A  foot  stove  used  by  old  German  ladies  when  riding  in 
sleighs. 

A  pair  of  gum  shoes  fifty  years  old. 

A  pewter  basin  from  Holland,  two  hundred  years  old. 

A  small  tea  chest,  three  sides  made  of  wood  of  the  elm  tree 
under  which  Penn  made  his  treaty  with  the  Indians. 

An  old  frying-pan  from  Holland. 

An  old  gun  of  the  American  Eevolution.  Tlie  grandfather 
of  the  exhibitor  owned  it  at  the  time  of  the  battle  of  Mon- 
mouth, and,  it  is  presumed,  did  service  in  that  engagement. 
A  modern  cock  had  been  substituted  for  the  oM  flint  lock. 

After  the  exhibition  of  these  articles,  the  meetini;:  closed. 


CRIMINAL  TRIALS. 

There  have  been  two  cases  of  conviction  for  murder  in  this 
count3\  The  first  of  these  murders  was  committed  by  Ilenr}^ 
Crist,  in  the  killing  of  Chambers,  his  son-in-law.  The  parties 
lived  in  the  township  of  Washington.  Chambers's  wife  had 
repeatedly  made  complaint  to  her  father  of  ill  treatment  by 
her  husband.  Crist  went  to  the  house  of  Cl)aml:)ers,  and  at- 
tacked him  with  a  butcher  knife.  Chambers  ran;  and,  while 
running,  Crist  seized  a  rifle  which  hung  over  the  door,  and 
shot  him:  he  fell,  and,  in  a  few  moments,  expired  without 
speaking.  A  neighbor,  Mrs.  Flint,  was  present  and  witnessed 
the  deed.  Crist  was  arrested,  and  put  into  the  jail  at  Salis- 
bury. This  jail  was  made  of  square,  hewed  logs,  some  of 
which  may  yet  be  seen  lying  near  the  house  of  Enoch  Kails- 
back.  The  principal  witnesses  were  his  wife,  a  young  son,  his 
daughter  [Mrs.  Chambers,]  and  Mrs.  Flint.  He  was  found 
guilty,  and  sentenced  to  be  hung.  The  people  from  the 
remotest  parts  of  the  county  attended  to  witness  the  execution. 

The  prisoner  was  conveyed  to  the  gallows  in  a  wagon,  seated 
on  his  coflin.  Daniel  Fraley,  a  Methodist  minister,  yet  re- 
membered by  some  of  the  old  settlers,  standing  in  the  wagon, 


124  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

preached  a  sermon  to  the  people.  At  its  close  the  rope  was 
adjusted  around  his  neck,  the  cap  drawn  over  his  face,  and  the 
wagon  drawn  from  under  him — a  mode  of  execution  not  prac- 
ticed at  the  present  time.  The  murder  was  committed  in  the 
autumn  of  1815,  and  the  execution  took  place  on  the  first  of 
April,  1816. 

To  the  foregoing  statement,  principally  taken  from  Rev. 
Wm.  C.  Smith's  book,  before  referred  to,  we  subjoin  the  fol- 
lowing: 

When  Crist's  son,  a  youth  of  about  fifteen,  was  called  to  the 
witness'  stand  on  the  part  of  the  prosecution,  Crist  said  to 
him:  " ]^ow,  son,  tell  the  truth,  though  it  may  convict  your 
father."  It  is  said  this  son,  after  the  execution  of  his  father, 
took  charge  of  the  body,  and  conveyed  it  home  on  a  sled,  in 
the  night,  and  alone,  through  the  woods,  a  distance  of  ten  or 
twelve  miles. 

An  account  of  the  second  murder  trial  and  execution,  was 
written  for  the  Indiana  True  Republican,  in  1867,  which  is  in 
substance  as  follows : 

Hampshire  Pitt  was  tried  in  November,  1822,  for  the  murder 
of  William  Mail.  Both  parties  were  colored  men.  The  mur- 
der occurred  on  the  farm  now  owned  b}^  Thomas  C.  Straw- 
bridge,  about  four  miles  north  of  Richmond,  on  the  Newport 
turnpike.  Says  the  writer :  "Pitt  lived  with  a  woman  osten- 
sibly his  wife,  between  whom  and  Mail  he  suspected  an  im- 
proper intimacy.  His  suspicions  were  thought  to  be  well 
founded,  and  there  was  for  him,  on  that  account,  considerable 
sympathy.  Though  a  bad  man,  he  was  a  smart,  plausible  old 
fellow.  He  was  a  tinker  by  trade,  and  therefore  a  useful  man. 
Traveling,  as  he  did,  among  the  people,  mending  their  old 
pewter  ware,  and  supplying  them  with  new  plates,  basins,  &c., 
and  withal  making  himself  agreeable,  he  had  become  quite  a 
favorite.  A  large  part  of  the  bone  and  muscle  of  the  young 
Hoosiers  of  that  day  is  made  up  of  mush  and  milk  partaken 
from  basins  of  his  manufacture.  For  one,  I  am  ready  to  ac- 
knowledge the  full  extent  of  my  obligations  in  this  respect." 

Pitt  meeting  Mail,  and  being  greatly  enraged,  cried  out  to 
him  as  he  advanced,  "  You  are  there,  are  you  ?  Bill  Mail,  you 
have  been  in  the  habit  of  calling  me  old  man;  my  name  is 


CRIMINAL    TRIALS.  125 

Hampshire  Pitt,  or  General  Pitt ;  and  if  yon  call  me  old  man 
again  I  will  put  this  through  you!"  flourishing  at  the  same 
time  a  dagger,  with  which  he  ahuost  instantly  stabbed  him  to 
the  heart.  He  was  promptly  arrested  and  confined  in  the  old 
log  jail  at  Centeryille,  which  stood  immediately  east  of  the 
place  where  the  present  jail  stands. 

He  was  tried  and  found  guilty;  but  Associate  Judges  Mc- 
Lane  and  Dayenport,  over  the  objections  of  Judge  Eggle- 
ston,  granted  a  new  trial.  The  next  jury  rendered  a  similar 
yerdict. 

The  day  of  execution  was  a  yery  unpleasant  one ;  yet  thou- 
sands of  men,  women,  and  children  flocked  to  witness  the 
scene.  A  rude  scaffold  was  erected,  under  which  the  doomed 
man  was  driven  in  a  cart.  There  was  no  trap-door  or  other  ar- 
rangement to  give  him  a  fall,  thereby  breaking  his  neck  and 
shortening  his  sufiering.  The  rope  was  adjusted  and  the  cart 
drawn  on,  leaving  him  suspended  until  he  was  dead. 

Before  the  day  of  his  execution,  Pitt  engaged  another 
colored  man,  by  giving  him  his  horse,  to  take  charge  of  his 
body  and  see  it  interred.  Having  got  the  horse,  the  c6lored 
man  sold  the  body  for  ten  dollars  in  advance,  to  two  physicians 
.  for  dissection,  and  left  the  country.  Pitt  having  been  informed 
of  the  fact,  sent  for  Christopher  Roddy,  who  promised  to  take 
charge  of  the  body  after  the  execution,  and  keep  it  from  the 
physicians.  At  the  execution,  Roddy  was  present  with  a  cof- 
fin on  a  sled,  and  the  physicians  with  a  wagon  without  a  cotfin. 
After  the  body  was  cut  down,  a  struggle  for  the  body  ensued, 
and  Roddy  prevailed.  He  conveyed  the  body  in  the  coffin  to 
his  home  in  Salisbury,  and  guarded  it  through  the  night,  and 
buried  it  the  next  day.  But  fearing  the  body  might  be  found, 
he  disinterred  it  the  next  night,  and,  it  is  said,  carried  it  on  his 
shoulder,  without  the  coffin,  some  seven  miles  and  buried  it  in 
the  woods.  The  next  day  he  felled  a  number  of  forest  trees 
across  the  grave ;  and  the  doctors  never  got  the  body. 

Roddy  is  reputed  as  having  been  an  intemperate,  profane, 
and  very  wicked  man.  But  he  seems  not  to  have  entirely  lost 
bis  sense  of  honor,  having  faithfully  fulfilled  his  engagement 
with  Pitt.  He  was  a  Revolutionary  soldier,  and  had  served 
during  the  whole  period  of  the  war. 


126  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Allusion  was  made  [page  25]  to  tlie  criminal  code  of  In- 
diana territory,  which  authorized  Vjhiijping  for  certain  crimes. 
The  writer  in  the  True  Hepubtican,  who,  in  the  winter  of 
1866,  from  his  review  of  the  recorded  proceedings  of  "  The 
Courts  in  the  early  times  in  Wayne  County,"  has  furnished 
most  of  the  information  respecting  the  two  cases  of  murder, 
informed  us  also  that  whipping,  as  a  punishment  for  crime, 
was  legal,  as  late  as  the  year  1820.  The  following  was  the 
judgment  of  the  court  in  the  case  of  a  conviction  for  larceny  : 
"It  is  considered  that  the  defendant  do  make  his  fine  to  the 
state  in  the  sum  of  five  dollars,  and  that  he   restore  to  said 

the  said  one  dollar  and  fifty  cents,  in  silver,  and 

one  ten  dollar  note  on  the  Lebanon  Banking  Company,  of 
the  value  of  ten  dollars,  and  that  he  receive  on  his  bare  back 
Jive  lashes."  This  part  of  the  penalty,  however,  was  remit- 
ted by  the  governor. 


WAR  HISTOEY. 

Public  Meetings;  Enlistments. 

The  secession  of  South  Carolina,  the  firing  on  the  "  Star  of 
the  "West,"  and  the  attempted  interference  with  the  journey 
of  the  President-elect  to  the  Capital  for  inauguration,  caused 
tremors  of  excitement  in  this  as  in  all  other  communities. 
But  northern  people  were  little  inclined  to  believe  that  the 
South  meant  war;  nor  is  it  likely  that  the  southerners  them- 
selves anticipated  its  extent  and  result. 

The  news  of  the  bombardment  of  Fort  Sumter  fell  unex- 
pectedly upon  our  citizens;  but  it  did  not  find  them  unde- 
cided what  to  do.  In  Richmond  a  public  meeting  was  called 
on  Monday,  April  15th,  the  day  on  which  the  news  was  re- 
ceived, to  be  held  in  the  evening.  The  citizens  met  on  the 
corner  of  Main  and  Marion  streets.  The  meeting  was  large 
and  enthusiastic,  and  composed  of  men  of  the  difterent  par- 
ties. It  was  opened  with  prayer  by  J.  W.  T.  McMullen. 
John  A.  Bridgland,  Bell-Everett  candidate  for  elector  in  the 
recent  campaign,  was  chosen  President  of  the  meeting. 
William  A.  Bickle,  Democratic  candidate  for  Congress  the 


WAR    HISTORY.  127 

year  previous;  Judge  AYm.  P.  Beuton,  John  Yaryan,  John 
C.  Whitridge,  Mr.  Bridghmd,  and  John  H.  Popp,  addressed 
the  citizens. 

The  next  day,  Governor  Morton's  call  for  six  regiments  for 
three  months  was  received,  and  Judge  Benton  opened  an  enlist- 
ing place  at  Justice  Lyle's  office,  on  South  Pearl  street,  near 
Main.  He  was  the  first  to  sign  the  enlistment  paper.  Before 
the  next  day  closed,  one  full  company,  [eighty-four  men,]  was 
enrolled,  and  forty-five  more  men  were  obtained.  On  tlie 
morning  of  the  18th,  about  sunrise,  the  volunteers  began  to 
assemble,  and  marched  to  the  depot,  accompanied  by  a  vast 
concourse  of  citizens.  They  were  transported  free  to  In- 
dianapolis, being  the  first  company  to  arrive  at  that  cit}-. 

The  excitement  during  these  two  days  was  equally  intense 
elsewhere.  At  Centerville  and  Cambridge  City,  parts  of  com- 
panies were  enlisted.  Volunteers  came  in  from  other  town- 
ships. These  volunteers  left  for  Indianapolis  the  day  on 
which  those  from  Kichmond  went.  All  from  this  county 
formed  part  of  the  Eighth  Infantry  Regiment,  commanded 
by  AYm.  P.  Benton,  who  w^as  commissioned  Colonel. 

Volunteering  continued  in  Richmond.  Another  company 
was  in  readiness  at  the  depot  on  the  next  Monday  [23d]. 
But  the  requisition  upon  the  state  w^as  already  full ;  and 
while  at  the  depot,  a  dispatch  w^as  received  directing  this 
company  to  go  into  camp  on  the  Fair  ground,  south  of  the 
city.  The  state  decided  to  raise  six  regiments  for  one  year; 
and  this  company  w^as  sw'orn  into  the  state  service.  The  Fair 
ground  was  established  as  a  camp,  and  named  "  Camp 
Wayne;"  and  preparations  were  made  for  organizing  and  in- 
structing a  regiment  there.  Companies  from  several  coun- 
ties came,  and  were  mustered  in  as  the  Sixteenth  Regiment. 
This  regiment  remained  in  camp  until  July  23d,  when,  having 
been  transferred  to  the  Federal  service,  it  proceeded  to  the 
seat  of  w^ar.  It  was  with  the  first  body  of  troops  that  marched 
through  Baltimore  after  the  assault  on  the  Sixth  Massachu- 
setts Regiment  in  April. 

On  Thursday  of  that  week,  [25th,]  the  Sixth  Indiana  In- 
fantry, returning  from  AYest  Virginia,  passed  through  Rich- 
mond.    The    citizens,  apprised  of  its  coming,  prepared   a 


128  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

breakfast  as  a  welcome  to  the  soldiers  of  their  state.  The 
next  day  the  Eighth  Regiment  was  banqueted  in  a  similar 
manner. 

The  summer  of  1861  was  an  exciting  season.  Meetings 
were  frequently  held  throughout  the  county  to  secure  volun- 
teers. An  infantry  company  was  raised  for  the  ISTineteenth 
Regiment,  by  Wm.  W.  Dudley;  two  for  the  Eighth,  (three 
years'  term,)  by  Alex.  J.  Kenny,  at  Richmond,  and  F.  S. 
Wysong  in  the  western  part  of  the  county,  and  several  parts 
of  companies  for  other  regiments  and  cavalry.  'New  regi- 
ments were  raised  in  each  congressional  district ;  and  in  Au- 
gust companies  began  to  arrive  at  Camp  Wayne  for  the 
formation  of  the  Thirty-sixth  Regiment.  G-eorge  Hoover,  of 
Richmond,  and  John  Sim,  of  Cambridge  City,  commanded 
companies  from  this  county.  This  regiment  remained  in 
camp  until  October,  when,  being  full,  it  left  under  the  com- 
mand of  Col.  Wm.  Grose. 

Preparations  were  immediately  begun  for  the  organization 
of  another  regiment.  Rev.  J.  W.  T.  McMullen  and  Rev. 
Frank  A.  Hardiu  were  commissioned,  and  proceeded  to  raise 
recruits  for  this  regiment,  which  became  the  Fifty-seventh. 
John  S.  McGraw  and  John  Hunt,  of  Richmond,  Joseph  F. 
Stidham,  of  Centerville,  and  Cyrus  W.  Burket,  of  Hagers- 
town,  commanded  companies  raised  in  this  county.  Cold 
weather  coming  on,  the  soldiers  in  camp  prepared  their  quar- 
ters for  winter.  They  remained  until  the  10th  of  December, 
when  they  were  sent  to  the  field. 

Belief  of  Soldiers'  Families. 

Hardly  had  the  war  broken  out,  before  efforts  began  to  be 
made  for  the  assistance  of  soldiers'  families,  the  relief  of  the 
sick  and  wounded,  and  for  the  sanitary  needs  of  those  in  field 
and  hospital.  While  the  first  volunteers  were  at  the  depot, 
Jesse  P.  Siddall  responded  to  a  call  for  a  speech,  by  recom- 
mending the  appointment  of  a  committee,  that  the  soldiers 
might  feel  assured  that  their  families  would  be  care'd  for. 
Lewis  Burk,  J.  A.  Bridgland,  and  Rev.  J.  W.  T.  McMullen 
were  appointed.  A  public  meeting  was  held  on  the  evening 
of  the  19th  of  April,  in  Starr  (now  Phillips)  Hall.     Commit- 


WAR   HISTORY.  129 

tees  were  appointed  to  urge  upon  the  city  council  and  county 
commissioners  the  necessity  of  providing  means  for  the  relief 
of  such  as  needed  it.  The  council  met  in  called  session  the 
next  day,  and  heard  the  petition  of  the  citizens'  meeting. 
Resolutions  were  adopted  providing  the  needed  assistance,  and 
authorizing  the  Mayor  to  advertise  for  contributions  of  pro- 
visions; authorizing  mouej^  immediately  needed  to  be  drawn 
from  the  treasury;  and  ordering  all  city  work  except  repairs 
to  be  suspended.  W.  E.  Wilcox  and  Phil.  F.  Wiggins  were 
appointed  to  ascertain  the  number  of  needy  families.  J.  M. 
Paxson  was  appointed  to  solicit  for  provisions,  wood,  etc., 
among  the  farmers.  Mayor  Finley  issued  a  call,  and  the  back 
room  of  the  Warner  building  became,  for  a  while,  the  depos- 
itory for  the  relief  provisions.  The  county  commissioners 
took  proper  action,  and,  during  the  following  winter,  seven 
hundred  dollars  were  dispensed  weekly,  chiefly  in  the  form  of 
orders  on  the  county.  These  orders  were  given  to  the  persons 
needing  assistance,  and  readily  accepted  by  merchants  and 
provision  dealers. 

On  the  10th  of  April,  1862,  a  public  meeting  was  held  in 
Starr  Hall,  at  which  was  chosen  a  "sanitary  committee"  for 
Wayne  township.  Lewis  Burk,  J.  M.  Paxson,  John  W.  Grubbs, 
John  M.  Gaar,  John  Roberts,  John  P.  Smith,  Stephen  R. 
Wiggins,  and  Christopher  C.  Beeler,  composed  this  committee. 
Five  hundred  and  twenty-two  dollars  were  subscribed  that  even- 
ing. The  committee  issued  an  appeal  for  contributions,  and 
requested  other  townships  to  co-operate.  Several  townships 
responded,  sending  money,  clothing,  and  food  for  hospital  use. 
Washington  township  was  among  the  first,  and  sent  a  large 
contribution.  On  the  28th  of  May,  1862,  the  sanitary  com- 
mittee published  a  report,  showing  that  §1,166.66  had  been 
paid  in,  besides  clothing  and  provisions.  Fourteen  packages 
had  been  shipped  on  the  25th  of  April  to  jSTashville;  thirty- 
three  to  Pittsburg  Landing  on  the  25th  of  May;  and  eighteen 
furnished  the  State  Sanitary  Commission  on  the  12th  of  May. 

The  ladies  of  Richmond  had  previously  formed  a  "  Soldiers' 
Relief  Circle,"  which,  together  with  the  sanitary  committee, 
continued  labors  during  the  war.  Several  of  the  churches 
formed   aid    societies    among   their   respective   memberships. 


130  HISTORY   OF  WAYNE   COUNTY. 

The  Social  Circle  of  Union  Chapel  M.  E.  Church  turned  its 
attention  to  sanitary  work,  and  grew  into  the  largest  aid  so- 
ciety in  the  city.  Persons  not  members  of  the  congregation  co- 
operated. Much  of  the  money  used  by  these  organizations  was 
raised  by  suppers  and  amateur  concerts  given  by  citizens. 
The  comfort  of  the  soldiers  in  Camp  "Wayne,  especially  of  the 
sick,  was  constantly  attended  to  by  these  organizations. 

Calls  for  More  Troops. 

In  the  summer  of  1862,  calls  were  made  for  large  numbers  of 
troops.  The  Sixteenth  Regiment  returned  from  its  one  year's 
service  May  23,  and  most  of  its  members  re-enlisted.  Early  in 
July,  Wm.  A.  Bickle  received  a  commission  as  commandant  of 
Camp  Wayne,  with  instructions  to  raise  a  regiment  in  the 
Fifth  congressional  district.  He  proceeded  immediately  to  that 
work ;  and,  as  good  inducements  were  offered,  and  the  vic- 
tories of  the  previous  spring  had  an  inspiring  effect,  volunteer- 
ing was  brisk.  The  county  commissioners  appropriated 
$20,000  for  bounties.  The  Nineteenth  Battery  was  recruited 
in  the  western  part  of  the  county,  by  S.  L.  Gregg,  W.  P. 
Stackhouse,  and  others.  It  went  into  camp  at  Cambridge  City 
until  August  11,  when  it  left  for  Indianapolis  on  the  way  to 
Kentucky.  A  large  crowd  bid  it  farewell  at  the  Cambridge 
depot.  A  cavalry  company  was  raised  by  John  S.  Lyle,  Moses 
D.  Leeson,  and  W.  C.  Jeffries.  On  the  14th  of  August,  they 
reported  to  Col.  Bickle,  and  shortly  afterward  went  to  join  the 
Fifth  Cavalry  Regiment  at  Indianapolis.  In  a  short  time, 
more  companies  than  were  necessary  for  one  regiment  were 
reported.  One  regiment,  the  Sixty-ninth,  was  organized,  and 
the  remaining  companies  went  into  camp  as  the  nucleus  of  an- 
other regiment,  numbered  Eighty-fourth.  John  H.  Finley,  of 
Richmond,  and  Joseph  L.  Marsh,  of  "Williamsburg,  com- 
manded companies  in  the  Sixty-ninth,  which  were  raised  in 
this  county;  and  Wm.  A.  Boyd,  of  Centerville,  was  captain  of 
one  in  the  Eighty-fourth. 

In  August  of  1862,  the  Confederate  ^en.  Kirby  Smith  en- 
tered Kentucky,  and  threatened  Louisville  and  Cincinnati. 
Unparalleled  activity  was  displayed  by  Indiana.  Troops  were 
hurried  forward  for  the  defense  of  the  border.     The  Sixty- 


"WAR   HISTORY.  131 

ninth  Regiment  was'ordered  to  Indianapolis  for  arms.  It  left 
Camp  Wayne  on  the  18th  of  August,  and  on  the  30th  took 
part  in  the  disastrous  battle  of  Richmond,  Ky.,  where  the 
Union  forces  were  compelled  to  face  overwhelming  numbers  of 
the  foe.  This  regiment  suffered  terribly  in  killed  and  wounded; 
and  nearly  five  hundred  were  taken  prisoners.  These  prison- 
ers were  paroled,  and  returned  to  Indianapolis.  Meanwhile 
the  Eighty-fourth  had  been  organized  by  Col.  Bickle,  and 
though  not  full  to  the  maximum,  it  was  sent  to  Cincinnati, 
where  it  was  armed  and  equipped.  It  left  camp  September 
10th,  under  Col.  ]S"elson  Trusler. 

During  the  siege  of  Cincinnati  Richmond  was  alive  with  ex- 
citement. A  public  meeting  was  called  by  the  mayor,  to  be 
held  at  Engine  Hall,  No.  2,  on  the  3d  of  September.  But  the 
crowd  being  so  large  the  meeting  adjourned  to  the  Public 
Square,  now  occupied  by  the  First  Ward  Public  School.  Judge 
James  Perry  presided,  and  Rev.  J.  H.  Goode  acted  as  secretary. 
It  was  decided  to  proceed  immediately  to  the  formation  of 
military  comjmnies  for  drill.  A  company  of  Home  Guards, 
popularly  known  as  the  "  Silver  Greys,"  because  composed  of 
men  over  the  age  for  active  service,  had  been  previously  or- 
ganized, and  was  commanded  by  Daniel  B.  Crawford.  Three 
other  companies — one  composed  of  Germans — were  formed. 
By  proclamation  of  the  mayor  the  places  of  business  were 
closed  at  four  o'clock  p.  m.,  and  the  citizens  repaired  to  the 
several  places  of  rendezvous  for  drill.  The  principal  drill- 
ground  was  a  vacant  square,  now  occupied  by  the  Friends' 
meeting-house  and  school-house,  between  Eighth  and  ]!^inth 
streets,  north  of  Main.  This  arrangement  was  continued  for 
several  weeks  until  the  danger  was  past.  The  broken  ranks 
of  the  Sixty-ninth  Regiment  returned  to  Camp  Wayne,  where 
they  remained  until  released  from  their  parol  and  recruited, 
and  on  the  18th  of  ITovember,  again  left  camp  under  the  com- 
mand of  Col.  Thomas  W.  Bennett. 

Extraordinary  Contributions. 

The  winter  of  1862-63  was  a  severe  one  upon  many  families, 
whose  support  and  providers  were  fighting  for  their  country. 
The  Aid  Societies  made  frequent  appeals  to  the  citizens  for  as- 


132  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

sistanee,  and  were  thus  enabled  to  alleviate  much  suffering. 
One  morning  in  January,  1863,  twenty-jive  wagons  loaded  with 
wood,  and  one  with  flour,  meal,  potatoes,  &c.,  suddenly  and  un- 
expectedly made  their  appearance  on  the  streets  of  Richmond. 
They  were  from  the  farmers  in  the  neighborhood  of  Middle- 
boro',  and  were  for  the  "  aid  and  comfort "  of  soldiers'  families. 
A  band  of  musicians  volunteered  their  services,  and,  hoisting 
the  national  flag,  the  donation  was  paraded  through  the 
streets,  and  then  delivered  where  needed. 

On  Saturday,  February  I4th,  a  delegation  came  from  Boston 
township,  bringing  more  than  sixty  cords  of  wood,  three  thousand 
pounds  of  flour  and  meal,  besides  other  provisions.  A  spirit  of 
rivalry  in  this  good  work  was  soon  developed,  and  the  various 
neighborhoods  in  the  vicinity  of  Richmond  vied  with  each 
other  in  contributions  of  this  character.  On  the  28th  of  Feb- 
ruary, the  farmers  residing  along  and  near  the  National  road 
east  from  town,  brought,  in  a  large  procession,  ninety-two 
cords  of  wood,  over  two  thousand  pounds  of  flour,  forty  bushels  of 
corn  meal,  six  bushels  of  potatoes,  &c.  The  procession  filled 
Main  street  for  a  distance  of  eight  blocks !  The  followiug 
Monday  the  rival  procession  of  farmers  residing  along  and 
near  the  National  road  west  from  town  came  in.  It  has  never 
been  decided  which  of  these  contributions  was  the  largest. 
Both  parties  claimed  the  palm. 

The  Middleboro'  farmers  having  started  these  generous  out- 
pourings, concluded  to  put  a  finishing  touch  to  the  work  for 
this  season.  So  on  the  28tli  of  March,  they  came  into  town 
with  a  train  of  wagons  nearly  a  mile  long.  Residents  of  Hills- 
boro',  [now  Whitewater,]  joined  their  neighbors  of  Middle- 
boro'. The  farmers  along  the  Liberty  turnpike  also  brought 
in  a  contribution.  A  new  feature  attended  this  demonstra- 
tion. Fresh  beef  and  poultry  were  brought  in,  sold  on  the 
streets  to  citizens,  and  the  proceeds  given  to  the  aid  fund. 
One  hundred  and  ninety-two  dollars  were  thus  realized.  One 
hundred  and  twenty-eight  cords  of  wood,  overtwo  thousand  pounds 
of  flour,  and  seventy  five  bushels  of  meal,  besides  other  pro- 
visions, were  contributed.  The  whole  donation  amounted  in 
value  to  nearly  thirteen  hundred  dollars.  The  citizens  had 
prepared  a  reception.     The  procession  was  halted  on  Main 


WAR    HISTORY.  133 

street.  Ilermon  B.  Payne  made  the  welcoming  speech ;  short 
speeches  by  Elihu  Cox,  of  Middleboro',  Israel  Woodrufl:",  of 
Franklin  township,  and  others.  The  citizens  invited  the 
generons  farmers  to  dinner,  and  the  day  was  one  of  general 
rejoicing.  The  iniinence  of  these  acts  extended  to  other 
towns.  Centerville,  among  others,  received  a  kxrge  donation 
on  the  19th  of  March. 

Tliis  commendable  practice  was  revived  the  following  au- 
tumn. On  the  last  day  of  October  the  "  Middleboro'  patriots  " 
came  into  Richmond  with  sixty  cords  of  wood,  and  a  large 
quantity  of  provisions.  The  value  of  this  contribution  was 
over  live  hundred  dollars.  Gov.  ^Morton  was  present  b}^  in- 
vitation, and  addressed  the  farmers  and  citizens.  Generals 
Benton  and  Mansfield  followed  in  short  speeches.  The  wood 
was  delivered  to  the  care  of  Wm.  Parry,  the  township  trustee, 
who  distributed  it  among  the  needy.  On  the  following  Mon- 
day and  Tuesday,  some  fifty  young  men  of  Richmond  formed 
a  "  Saw-buck  Brigade,"  and  sawed  and  split  the  wood  for  use. 

Thanksgiving  day  of  that  year  was  the  occasion  of  another 
demonstration.  One  hundred  cords  of  ivood,  and  pyramids  of 
Jlour,  meat,  and,  other  irrovisions,  were  bronght  in  by  the 
farmers  along  the  National  road,  east  of  Richmond.  The 
citizens  prepared  a  dinner  in  Starr  Hall,  which  was  partaken 
of  by  soldiers'  families  and  the  "wood-haulers." 

The  Relief  Circle,  of  which  Mrs.  L.  J.  Seymour,  Mrs.  S.  A. 
Wrigley,  and  Mrs.  Martha  Smith  were  ofiicers,  prepared  large 
quantities  of  hospital  supplies.  The  Union  Chapel  Aid  So- 
ciety was  made  an  auxiliary  by  the  State  Sanitary  Commis- 
sion, and  did  an  arduous  labor.  Mrs.  Sarah  A.  Ilift",  Mrs. 
Margaret  J.  ISTewton,  Mrs.  Sarah  Hays,  Mrs.  Eliza  Scott,  Miss 
Beulah  McPherson,  and  Miss  Jane  Morrow,  were  prominent 
workers.  The  great  battles  made  demands  upon  the  aid 
societies.  Union  Chapel  Aid  Society  devoted  several  days, 
including  a  Sunday,  after  the  battle  of  Stone  River,  to  pre- 
paring bandages,  ctc.j  for  the  wounded. 


'  134  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

Morgan's  Invasion. 

In  July,  1863,  the  rebel  guerilla,  John  Morgan,  crossed  the 
Ohio  river  with  his  band,  and  commenced  pillaging  in  South- 
ern Indiana.  The  day  after  the  invasion,  the  Mayor  of  Rich- 
mond issued  a  proclamation  for  the  citizens  to  meet  in  the 
several  wards  ta  organize  and  drill.  At  ten  o'clock  Thurs- 
day night,  [July  9th,]  a  dispatch  came,  calling  for  the  mil- 
itia and  volunteers  to  report  at  Indianapolis  immediately. 
The  fire  bells  were  rung,  and  the  citizens  assembled  to  pre- 
pare for  their  departure,  which  took  place  early  next  morning. 

A  battalion  of  militia  had  been  organized  in  the  county, 
and  its  companies  immediately  responded,  and  large  numbers 
of  citizens  volunteered.  Two  companies  left  Richmond, 
commanded  by  John  C.  Davis  and  Daniel  B.  Crawford- 
Abington  sent  one  company  under  Capt.  Jonathan  Jarrett; 
Bethel,  one  under  A.  Y.  Garrett;  Centerville,  one  under  J. 
C.  Page;  Cambridge  City,  one  under  G.  T.  Weast;  Dublin, 
one  under  W.  P.  Goolman ;  East  Germantown,  one  under 
P.  S.  Binkley.  Three  companies  were  sent  to  various  points, 
and  in  a  week  were  mustered  out  and  returned  home,  the 
invaders  having  been  driven  into  Ohio,  where  they  were  cap- 
tured. 

Large  Money  Contributions. 

A  great  combination  efibrt  to  raise  money  for  sanitary  pur- 
poses was  made  in  December,  1863,  under  the  direction  of  the 
Sanitary  Committee  and  Aid  Societies,  assisted  by  Chaplain 
J.  H.  Lozier,  traveling  agent  for  the  State  Sanitary  Commis- 
sion. The  whole  community,  without  distinction  of  party, 
joined  in  the  labors.  In  Richmond,  a  supper  was  given  on 
the  evening  of  the  3d  of  December,  an  amateur  concert  the 
next  evening,  a  dinner  the  day  following,  and  a  tableaux  ex- 
hibition in  the  evening. 

The  following  Monday,  [7th,]  began  a  Fair,  which  continued 
through  that  week.  At  Centerville,  a  dinner,  a  supper,  and 
a  concert  were  given  on  the  9th  and  10th.  At  Cambridge 
City,  a  contribution  of  wood  and  provisions  were  brought  in 
for  soldiers'  families,  and  a  liberal  subscription  taken  for  the 


WAR   HISTORY.  135 

sanitary  fund.  At  Whitewater,  a  dinner  and  a  supper  were 
given.  Meetings  were  held  by  the  state  agent  in  Dublin, 
Milton,  Clay  township,  Abington,  Harrison  township,  Ilagers- 
town,  Newport,  AVilliamsburg,  Economy,  and  Dalton  town- 
ship. Subscriptions  were  raised  in  these  places  by  the  elibrts 
of  Rev.  James  Crawford,  J.  F.  Nicholson,  Captain  Hale,  R. 
Baldridge,  J.  M.  Bohrer,  A.  H.  Harris,  Jesse  Cates,  B.  Rey- 
nolds, and  others.  The  net  proceeds  in  Wayne  township 
were  $7,063.11 ;  in  Green,  $686.80  were  raised ;  in  Washing- 
ton and  Center  townships,  nearly  §500  each.  The  other 
townships  swelled  the  total  to  $11,300.  For  this  liberal  con- 
tribution, Wayne  county  was  honored  with  the  prize  banner 
presented  by  the  state  officers  and  Sanitary  Commission. 

3Iore   Troops  Raised. 

A  regiment  from  the  Fifth  Congressional  District  was  called 
for,  September  24, 1863.  John  F.  Kibbey  was  appointed  com- 
mandant of  Camp  Wayne. 

A  cavalry  company  was  raised,  and  went  into  camp  at  the 
same  place.  Recruiting  commenced  ;  but  it  was  March,  1861, 
before  the  regiment  left  camp.  It  was  numbered  One  Hun- 
dred and  Twenty-fourth,  and  commanded  by  Col.  James  Bur- 
gess. James  Conner,  Jonathan  J.  Wright,  and  John  Messick, 
of  Richmond,  and  Caleb  B.  Jackson,  of  Centerville,  were  cap- 
tains of  companies  principally  recruited  in  this  county. 

The  drafts  of  1862  and  1864  called  forth  considerable  activ- 
ity in  encouraging  volunteering.  High  bounties  were  oifered. 
The  larger  part  of  these  sums  was  contributed  by  the  peopld. 
The  county  commissioners  offered  §100  in  four  installments  as 
additional  bounty  to  volunteers.  Few  townships  failed  to  till 
their  quotas;  and  in  these  the  requisition  was  greatly  reduced. 
During  the  war  Wayne  county  and  the  townships  expended 
for  bounties,  §379,093.35 ;  for  the  relief  of  soldiers'  families, 
$184,350.     Total,  §563,443.35. 

In  the  spring  of  1864,  the  governors  of  the  Northern  States 
offered  the  National  Government  large  bodies  of  troops  to  take 
the  places  of  the  veteran  forces  guarding  the  rear,  and  hence 
allow  them  to  go  to  the  front.  These  new  troops  were  to  serve 
for  one  hundred  days.     A  series  of  meetings  was  held  in 


136  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Eichmond  for  the  purpose  of  raising  a  company  for  this  service. 
These  meetings  began  on  Tuesday,  April  26tb,  and  continued 
nine  evenings.  Large  sums  were  subscribed  for  bounties.  The 
city  council  met  on  the  28th,  and  voted  ten  dollars  to  each 
volunteer.  Ladies  ofJ'ered  to  take  the  places  of  clerks  during 
their  absence.  By  contributions  and  subscriptions  nearly  one 
thousand  dollars  were  raised  for  the  support  of  families  dur- 
ing the  one  hundred  days.  By  the  11th  of  May  a  company 
was  enrolled,  and  left  under  the  command  of  Capt.  Wm.  B. 
Mount. 

The  Last  Contribution. 

Becruiting  and  enlisting  as  veterans  were  steadily  going  on 
during  the  year  1864.  The  attention  to  relief  and  sanitary 
matters  was  not  neglected.  Funds  were  raised  by  concerts  and 
entertainments  as  in  previous  years.  The  approaching  winter 
made  it  necessary  again  to  provide  for  the  needy.  A  meeting 
of  citizens  and  farmers  was  held,  and  it  was  decided  to  have  a 
combined  donation  of  wood.  To  encourage  a  spirit  of  emula- 
tion, a  banner  was  promised  to  the  largest  delegation,  and 
purses  and  buffiilo  robes  of  various  values  to  the  four  delega- 
tions. This  demonstration  took  place  December  23,  1864. 
The  delegation  coming  by  the  National  road  from  the  east, 
brought  one  hundred  and  eleven  cords  ofioood,  and  took  the  first 
prize;  that  from  the  west  by  the  National  road  and  Williams- 
burg turnpike,  seventy  cords;  that  by  the  Liberty  and  Boston 
turnpikes,  thirty-three  cords ;  and  that  by  the  Hillsboro'  aud 
the  Newport  turnpikes,  twenty-eight  cords.  One  load  from 
the  east  contained  eighteen  cords  and  twenty  feet ! 

Mid  of  the    War ;  Death  of  Lincoln. 

The  news  of  the  capture  of  rebel  Bichmond,  Virginia,  was 
received  in  loyal  Bichmond,  Indiana,  with  much  rejoicing.  On 
the  evening  of  April  3,  1865,  speeches  were  made,  cannon 
fired,  and  bonfires  lighted.  But  when  the  new^s  of  Lee's  sur- 
render came,  one  week  later,  there  was  a  grander  outburst  of 
joy.  Main  and  other  streets  had  the  sidewalks  covered  with 
sheds  and  awnings.  A  movement  being  made  to  have  them 
removed,  their  owners,  by  common  consent,  took  them  down. 


WAR    HISTORY.  137 

and,  piling  them  at  the  street-crossicgs,  burned  them  in  the 
evening.  Business  was  abandoned;  residents  of  the  country 
came  in  and  joined  in  the  demonstrations. 

This  joy  was  soon  turned  to  sorrow.  When  the  sad  news 
of  the  assassination  of  President  Lincoln  reached  Kichmond, 
all  business  was  suspended,  stores  and  shops  were  closed,  flags 
displayed  at  half  mast,  bells  tolled,  and  doors  of  business 
places  and  of  dwellings  draped  in  mourning.  Crowds  ap- 
peared on  the  streets,  and  the  deepest  feeling  was  manifested. 
Men  of  all  parties  lamented  as  if  it  were  a  personal  affliction. 
In  the  afternoon  a  large  meeting  assembled  in  Starr  Hall. 
Speeches  were  made,  and  expressive  resolutions  adopted. 
Similar  meetings  were  held  at  Hagerstown  and  other  places. 

The  train  bearing  the  remains  of  the  President,  passed 
through  Wayne  county  on  the  morning  of  April  30th.  A 
train  containing  state  officials,  citizens  of  Indianapolis  and 
others,  came  to  act  as  escort.  It  met  the  funeral  cortege  at  the 
state  line,  and  together  they  came  through  liichmond  at  two 
o'clock  in  the  morning.  An  arch  of  mourning  spanned  the 
track  near  the  depot ;  and  amid  the  tolling  of  bells  and  dirges 
of  music,  the  trains  passed.  An  immense  crowd  was  present, 
notwithstanding  the  early  hour. 

At  Centerville  a  large  concourse  of  people  awaited  the  cor- 
tege ;  and  the  depot  was  draped  in  mourning.  Salvoes  of  ar- 
tillery paid  homage  to  the  dead  at  Cambridge  City.  There 
and  at  Dublin  were  arches  over  the  track,  through  which  the 
slow  moving  trains  passed  in  the  dim  light  of  morning. 

The  war  was  now  ended.  During  its  continuance  consider- 
able activity  was  manifested  in  the  towns.  Hundreds  of 
families  moved  into  the  larger  towns  to  be  within  the  reach  of 
assistance  if  needed.  Especially  was  this  true  of  Richmond  ; 
hence  the  calling  for  those  large  donations  which  were  made 
at  tliat  place.  The  surviving  soldiers  returned  to  their  former 
occupations  in  the  summer  of  1865,  and  gradually  the  entire 
community  resumed  the  ways  of  peace. 


138  HISTORY   OF  WAYNE  COUNTY. 


POPULATION  OF  WAYNE  COUNTY. 

Townships.  1870. 

Abington 833 

Boston 884 

Center 2,855 

Clay 1,094 

Dalton 766 

Franklin 1,385 

Green 1,293 

Harrison 580 

Jackson 4,949 

Jefiferson 1,785 

New  Garden 1,519 

Perry ..      876 

Washington  2,040 

Wayne 3,734 

City  of  Kichmond— 1st  Ward 1,909 

2d  Ward 1,760 

3d  Ward 881 

4th  Ward 3,173 

5th  Ward 1,722  9,445 

32,938  29,568  25,297 

Population  of  the  Towns  in  1870. 

Abington 161  Franklin  80 

Bethel 88  Hagerstown 830 

Cambridge  City 2,162  Jacksonburg...  109 

Centerville 1,077  Milton 823 

Dalton 73  Newport 343 

Dublin 1,076  Washington  379 

East  Germantown 536  Whitewater 144 

Economy 229  Williamsburg 248 

Note. — The  population  of  the  towns  is  included  in  the  population  of 
the  townships. 


18G0. 

1850. 

924 

1,042 

897 

936 

2,765 

2,822 

1,069 

1,052 

789 

855 

1,283 

1,362 

1,319 

1,532 

644 

766 

4,311 

3,466 

1,752 

1,723 

1,370 

1,609 

837 

868 

2,171 

2,305 

2,834 

3,516 

6,603 

1,443 

PROPERTY    AND    TAXES.  189 


PEOPERTY  AND  TAXES. 

A  regular  annual  statement  of  the  valuation  and  assessment 
of  real  and  personal  estate,  prior  to  1842,  is  not  to  be  found  in 
the  records  of  the  count3\  At  first,  lands  were  classed  as  lirst- 
rate,  second-rate,  and  third-rate,  and  taxed,  per  100  acres,  10, 
20,  30,  or  40  cents,  according  to  quality.  Taxes  were  also  laid 
per  head  on  horses,  and  sometimes  on  wagons,  watches,  and 
other  articles.  And  what  is,  perhaps,  not  generally  known, 
there  were,  for  a  few  years,  taxes  on  slaves  and  7nen  of  color. 

For  the  first  two  j'ears  mentioned  below,  only  the  taxes 
levied  are  given. 

1S15— County  Land  Tax,  $424.24;  Tax  on  Horses,  $739;  on  Slaves, 
$20;  on  Men  of  Color,  $15;  Merchants'  Licenses,  $86.86.  Total  Taxes, 
$1,265.10. 

1819— County  Land  Tax,  $718.87;  Tax  on  Horses,  $918.08;  Town  Lots, 
$273.04;  State  Tax,  $143.74.     Total  Tax,  $3,347.73. 

Real  Estate.  Persoual.  Total.  Tax. 

1842 $3,505,548  $828,533  $4,334,081    

1845 3,568,958  985,463  4,554,421  $19,939 

1850 3,913,385  1,364,101  5,277,486    

1855 4,991,803  3,889,097  8,880,900  74,012 

1860 9,976,794  4,706,794  14,683,237  93,845 

1865 11,617,105  6,406,195  18,517,885  355,442 

1870 12,214,330  9,070,880  21,285,210  348,556 


140  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 


POST-OFFICES  AND  POSTMASTERS. 

The  following  lists  embrace  the  names  of  the  post-offices 
established,  and  of  all  the  postmasters  appointed  in  the  county 
since  its  organization,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  of  the 
earlier  ones.  By  a  fire  in  the  post-office  at  Washington  many 
3'ears  since,  a  portion  of  the  records  were  burnt,  and  the  dates 
of  some  of  the  early  appointments  can  not  be  ascertained: 

Abington. — Ralj^li  Shawmbourie,  appointed .    Daniel  Weaver,  March 

2,  1837.  Powell  Slade,  April  18,  1861.  Bennett  D.  Bonebrake,  March 
17,  1871. 

Becson. — George  A.  Richmond,  Aug.  25,  1865.  [Discontinued  Oct.  14, 
1868.] 

Bethel. — Wm.  E.  Hindman,  Jan.  7,  1850.     Joseph  Unthank,  Jan.  19, 

1850.  Curtis  W.  Wiggs,  Dec.  30,  1850.  John  A.  Unthank,  Sept.  29,  1851. 
Jacob  Harlan,  Oct.  1,  1853.  Richard  Henderson,  March  31,  1854.  Peter 
M.  Ellis,  April  23,  1856.  Raiford  Wiggs,  Feb.  12,  1858.  Nathan  Harlan, 
March  20,  1858.  Wm.  A.  Chance,  Jan.  5,  1860.  Nathan  Harlan,  June  3, 
1861.  Martin  Wiley,  Jan.  14,  1863.  Jesse  P.  Parker,  Jan.  10,  1866. 
Nathan  Harlan,  July  3,  1866.  Jesse  E.  Jones,  April  13,  1867.  Nathan 
Harlan,  Sept  20,  1869. 

Boston.— \Ym.  Russey,  March  21,  1837.  Thomas  Messick,  Dec.  6,  1839. 
Isaac  Craig,  July  8,  1842.  Louis  C.  Evans,  July  5,  1844.  Aaron  Druley, 
April  8,  1848.     Jesse  Pearce,  Aug.  1,  1849.     John  H.  Stearns,  Oct.  22, 

1851.  Joseph  T.  Druley,  Dec.  3,  1852.  John  Deal,  July  17,  1854.  Joseph 
T.  Druley,  April  3,  1856.  Eliphalet  Stanley,  Sept.  14,  1857.  Benj.  F. 
Deal,  June  2,  1858.  John  Steel,  Jan.  7,  1860.  Jacob  F.  Rinehart,  April 
8,  1865.  Nicholas  F.  Templeton,  Oct.  10,  1866.  David  C.  Jenks,  June  2, 
1868.     Oliver  H.  Fouts,  June  15,  1869.     Jacob  F.  Rinehart,  March  7, 1870. 

Cambridge. — Sanford  Lackey,  March  11,  1835.  John  H.  Brown,  March 
15,  1843.  Michael  Johnsonbaugh,  March  16,  1849.  Alexander  W.  Ray, 
Dec.  10,  1849.     Simon  S.  Clackner,  May  30,  1851.     John  C.  Lutz,  Dec.  28, 

1852.  Nathan  Raymond,  June  2,  1853.  James  M.  Cockefair,  May  6,  1858. 
John  C.  Lutz,  Aug.  27,  1860.  John  A.  Smith,  March  16,  1861.  [Name 
changed  June  30,  1864,  to]       .. 

Cambridge  City. — John  A*'Smith,  June  30,  1864.  Nathan  JR.  Bennett, 
May  28,  1867.     Lemuel  R.  Johnson,  March  26, 1869. 

Centerville.—EWi&h.    Fisher, .     John   E.    Dunham,    Oct.    5,    1832. 

Myers  Seaton,  Aug.  16,  1843.  John  B.  Stitt,  April  26,  1853.  Benj.  Jemi- 
son,  .July  2,  1856.     Isaac  H.  Julian,  March  16,  1861.     Therese  A.  Widup, 


POST-OFFICES  .AND    POSTMASTERS.  141 

June  2,  1865.  Cyntliia  Tuttle,  Oct.  27,  1866.  Therese  Widup,  March  24, 
18G9. 

Chester. — David  W.  Lupton,  Dec.  13,  1848.  James  Cammack,  May  17, 
1849.  Jacob  Purinton,  Oct.  30,  1850.  Amos  Stackhouse,  Sept.  24,  1851. 
Joseph  Fulghum,  June  21,  1853.  Samuel  C.  Iredell,  Sept.  5,  1854.  Wm. 
B.  Williams,  Jan.  28,  1856.  Larkin  T.  Ellis,  Jan.  13,  1857.  Eichard  Hen- 
derson, Jan.  14,  1859.  MacamyWasson,  April  15,  1861.  James  M.  Shute, 
July  6,  1864.  Wm.  Bennett,  June  2,  1865.  Jacob  Branson,  Sept.  23,  1865. 
Wm.  Bennett,  March  19, 1866.  Nathan  S.  Williams,  April  16, 1867.  John 
W.  Martin,  Dec.  11,  1868. 

Cox's  Mills.— Enos  Thomas,  April  9,  1850.  Wm.  Wright,  June  16,  1854. 
Alexander  Caffey,  June  23,  1855.  Wm.  Thomas,  April  27,  1860.  Charles 
T.  Price,  Jan.  16,  1861.  Alonzo  Hunt,  June  3,  1862.  John  N.  Cox,  July 
3,  1865.  Robert  Cox,  Jan.  21,  1868.  [Office  discontinued  June  29,  1868; 
re-established  Sept.  9,  1868.]     Elihu  Cox,  appointed  Sept.  9,  1868. 

Dalton.—l^ee  Palmyra.]  John  W.  Smith,  Feb.  13,  1838.  Charles  Bur- 
roughs, April  23,  1840.  Wm.  Davis,  May  30,  1842.  Samuel  Mitchell, 
April  15,  1846.  Isaac  Reynolds,  April  6,  1847.  Wm.  0.  Arment,  July  31, 
1848.  Henry  D.  Root,  Oct.  30,  1850.  Clarkson  Reynolds,  Jan.  20,  1853. 
John  B.  Routh,  Jan.  30,  1854.  Clarkson  Reynolds,  March  7,  1855.  Wm. 
S.  Chamness,  Aug.  22,  1855. 

i)M5^m.— Samuel  Schoolfield,  Jan.  8,  1833.  Noah  W.  Miner,  Nov.  20, 
1846.  Henry  Canutt,  May  9,  1848.  Henry  A.  Schoolfield,  July  6,  1849. 
Ezra  Walton,  May  18,  1850.  George  W.  Miller,  April  25,  1853.  Ezra 
Walton,  Feb.  8,  1855.  Samuel  Hervey,  Dec.  5,  1862.  James  B.  McGrew, 
Dec.  29,  1868. 

East  Germantown. — Jacob  Sowers,  March  31,  1846.  Theodore  Riley,  Sept. 
29,  1851.  Lucius  A.  West,  Oct.  20,  1851.  Peter  Manning,  April  15,  1852. 
Jacob  Sowers,  April  26,  1853.  Henry  B.  Jamison,  April  18,  1861.  Philip 
S.  Binkley,  Feb.  14,  1865.     Frederick  Burkert,  Nov.  7,  1865. 

Economy. — Matthew  Williams,  .     Barrett  Barnett,  Dec.  28,  1832. 

John  Thornburgh,  May  9,  1838.  Andrew  Spillard,  Feb.  14, 1842.  Barna- 
bas Coffin,  Aug.  16,  1842.  Samuel  Hervey,  Jan.  21,  1846.  Absalom 
Wright,  March  1,  1852.  Jonathan  B.  Clark,  Dec.  8,  1865.  George  W. 
Bobbins,  June  4,  1867. 

Greens  Forh.—\\m.  W.  Bunnell,  Aug.  22,  1828.  James  W.  Scott,  Jan. 
2,  1841.  Elias  F.  Halliday,  April  20,  1848.  Edwin  F.  Ogborn,  April  22, 
1851.  Moses  Hatfield,  Dec.  19,  1851.  Cyrus  E.  Gates,  Jan.  30,  1854. 
Thomas  M.  Kerr,  April  11,  1855.  Moses  Hatfield,  March  25,  1859.  Jona- 
than Elliott,  April  15,  1861.  Albert  II.  Gunckel,  Nov.  20,  1862.  Moses 
Hatfield,  March  23,  1864.  Martin  L.  Roller,  May  31,  1866.  Wm.  S.  Hat- 
field, April  7,  1870. 

Hagerstown. — [See  Nettle  Creek.]  Wm.  Murray,  June  20,  1836.  Wm. 
Baker,  May  5,  1837.  James  E.  Reeves,  July  23,  1839.  Elijah  A^ansant, 
March  21,  1840.  Joshua  Howell,  May  1,  1840.  Thomas  Williams,  Nov. 
20,  1846.  George  Debolt,  Nov.  10,  1848.  Robert  Gordon,  June  1,  1849. 
Wm.  M.    Thornburgh,    Juno  27,  1849.     Bird  Hawkins,  Nov.    29,  1852. 


142  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

George  Debolt,  May  16,  1853.  Walkin  Williams,  April  5,  1861.  Wm.  J. 
Spencer,  March  27,  1867.  Margaret  A.  Spencer,  Jan.  29,  1868.  Alexan- 
der C.  Walker,  March  29,  1869. 

Jacksonburgh. — Abner  M.  Bradbury, .     Calvin  B.  McCrae,  Jan.  10, 

1833.  John  Berry,  June  22,  1833.  Wm.  A.  Refner,  April  4,  1835.  Thad- 
deus  Wright,  Dec.  29,  1843.  Moses  D.  Leeson,  Feb.  20, 1846.  Neal  Hart, 
March  24,  1848.  John  Berry,  May  2,  1849.  James  M.  Flood,  March  27, 
1867.  Amandus  J.  Boyer,  April  7,  1868.  Enos  Beard,  April  26,  1869. 
Lewis  T.  Bond,  April  22,  1870. 

iTaZorama.— John  W.  SteSy,  May  30, 1862.     [Discontinued  Jan.  13, 1865.] 

M7ton.— Elijah  Coffin, .     Henry  Develin,  June  19,  1833.     John 

Talbot,  March  14, 1844.  Henry  Develin,  April  5,  1844.  Edward  Roberts, 
March  13,  1849.  Wm.  McLaughlin,  Aug,  24,  1853.  Luther  C.  Chamber- 
lin,  Jan.  25,  1854.  Edward  Roberts,  April  20,  1861.  Wm.  H.  Shaw,  Oct. 
23,  1866.  Roland  0.  Jones,  Dec.  3, 1867.  Richard  Wallace,  Aug.  31, 1868. 
Lewis  Ellis,  Feb.  12,  1869. 

Neil's.  Station. — Washington  Woods,  Aug.  24,  1857.  Macamy  Wasson, 
Sept.  8, 1857.  [Discontinued  Aug.  21, 1859 ;  re-established  Sept.  21,  I860.] 
Adam  C.  Mizener,  Sept.  21,  1860.  [Discontinued  Aug.  17,  1861;  re-estab- 
lished Aug.  27,  1861.]  Ezra  Nye,  Aug.  27,  1861.  [Discontinued  June  3, 
1862.] 

Nettle    Creek. — Wm.  Murray, .     [Changed  to  Hagerstown,  June 

20,  1836.] 

New  Garden.— Kquvy  H.  Way,  March  25,  1828.  Joel  Parker,  June  7, 
1838.  Stanton  Judkins,  July  19,  1850.  Jopatha  S.  Sellers,  Dec.  28,  1857. 
Joel  Parker,  Feb.  9,  1858. 

Olive  Hill.— Oliver  H.  Shearon,  Aug.  20,  1857.  Wm.  Brooks,  April  15, 
1858.  Addison  H.  Harris,  May  18,  1860.  John  F.  Medaris,  June  14, 
1861.  Daniel  Culbertson,  Feb.  1,  1866.  Addison  H.  Harris,  April  5,  1869. 
George  W.  Ebersol,  March  7,  1870. 

Palmyra.— Silas  H.  Beeson,  May  25,  1835.  Isaac  W.  Beeson,  July  26, 
1837.     [Name  changed  to  Dalton.] 

Jtichmond.—Hohert  Morrisson,  1818."  Daniel  Reid,  1829.  James  W. 
Borden,  Aug.  27, 1836.  Lynde  Elliott,  Feb.  25,  1840.  Achilles  Williams, 
May  31,  1841.  Daniel  D.  Sloan,  Aug.  16,  1843.  James  Elder,  Jan.  10, 
1846.  Caleb  R.  Williams,  March  16,  1849.  James  Elder,  April  18,  1853. 
Achilles  Williams,  April  2,  1861.  Edwin  A.  Jones,  Oct.  26,  1866.  Isaac 
H.  Julian,  April  5,  1869.     Benj.  W.  Davis,  May  25,  1871. 

Walnut  Level. — Lafayette  Martindale,  Oct.  5,  1865.  [Discontinued  Dec. 
13, 1865.] 

Webster.— Allen  Teagle,  Jan.  6,  1851.  Joel  Jeffery,  Jun.,  Jan.  13,  1852. 
Isaac  G.  Sheward,  Dec.  19,  1855.  Addison  H.  Harris,  April  12,  1858. 
Samuel  Cook,  June  1,  1860.  Wm.  Brooks,  June  14,  1860.  Simon  Bond, 
Oct.  30,  1866. 

Whitewater. — Jonathan  D.  Gray,  July  10,  1832.  John  Price,  Jan.  31, 
1833.  Stephen  Elliott,  Jan.  16,  1834.  John  H.  Bruce,  May  9,  1836. 
Jonathan  R.  Schenck,  Feb.  13,  1840.     Wm.   B.  Schenck,  Nov.  2,  1842. 


POST-OFFICES  AND   POSTMASTERS.  143 

Wm.  S.  Bunch,  Sept.  13,  1845.  Peter  M.  Ellis,  Nov.  5,  1845.  Robert  W. 
Hamilton,  Sept.  17,  1849.  James  N.  Starbuck,  Nov.  5,  1852.  Robert  W. 
Hamilton,  Dec.  5,  1852.  Thomas  T.  Courtney,  April  14,  1854.  Lorenzo 
D.  Bunch,  Nov.  3,  1855.  Peter  M.  Ellis,  Feb.  29, 1860.  John  McFarland, 
March  16,  1861.     Benj.  W.  Addleman,  Jan.  9,  1864. 

WilUamsburgh. — John  Hough,  about  1832.  Fernando  H.  Lee,  April  1, 
1837.  Moses  Davisson,  Sept.  16,  1839.  Samuel  Johnson,  Nov.  27,  1849. 
Joseph  F.  Reynolds,  June  12,  1862.  Wm.  P.  Campbell,  May  18,  1863. 
James  R.  Elliott,  Sept.  24,  1863.     James  L.  Pearce,  Dec.  2,  1864. 


144  HISTORY    OF   TTAYNE    COUNTY. 


ABIKGTON   TOWNSHIP. 


The  township  of  Abington  was  formed  in  February,  1837. 
Although  one  of  the  Later  organized  townships,  the  eastern 
part  of  it  is  among  the  earUest  settled  portions  of  the  county. 

John  Endsley,  formerly  from  South  Carolina,  and  in  1805 
from  Ohio,  settled  in  what  is  now  the  east  part  of  Abington, 
on  John's  Creek.  With  him,  from  Ohio,  came  his  brother 
Abraham  Endsley,  who  settled  on  the  Whitewater,  a  mile 
from  the  mouth  of  Elkhorn,  and  two  miles  from  town;  and 
John  Templeton,  who  settled  about  fifteen  miles  south,  in  now 
Union  county.  John  Endsley  traveled  the  distance  between 
South  Carolina  and  Wayne  county  seven  times ;  five  times  on 
horseback.  The  farm  on  which  he  settled  and  died  was  after- 
ward owned  and  occupied  by  his  younger  son  John  until  his 
death  in  1870.  James,  the  elder  son,  resides  on  the  farm  ad- 
joining on  the  west,  being  that  on  which  Andrew  Endsley  had 
settled,  who  was  the  father  of  Andrew,  Jun.,  John,  Sen., 
Abraham,  Hugh,  Thomas,  Samuel,  and  Peter  Endsley. 

In  1805,  John  Cox,  from  Kentucky,  purchased  the  land  of 
which  the  site  of  the  present  town  of  Abington  is  a  part.  He 
died  in  March,  1811.  His  death  is  said  to  have  been  the  first 
in  the  township.  The  land  was  inherited  by  his  son  John, 
whose  sons  were  Joseph  and  John.  Joseph  and  his  father  laid 
out  the  town,  the  plat  of  which  was  recorded  December  5, 
1817. 

Charles  Hunt,  from  !N"orth  Carolina,  settled  in  the  south-east 
part  of  the  present  township,  in  the  year  1807.  His  sons, 
G-eorge,  John,  William,  Smith,  Charles,  and  Stephen  G.,  pre- 
ceded him  the  same  year.  Jonathan,  James,  and  Timothy, 
came  two  or  three  years  later.  George  was  the  first  surveyor 
in  the  county,  and  the  first  clerk  of  the  county  courts.  Tim- 
othy settled  about  a  mile  east  of  town,  where  he  and  his  wife 
both  died.  The  farm  is  owned  by  his  sons  Charles  and  Levi, 
who  live  on  it,  and  Andrew,  who  lives  in  town.  Smith  set- 
tled in  the  north-east  part  of  the  township,  and  died  in  1855; 


ABINGTON   TOWNSHIP.  145 

Stephen  G.,  near  James  Eadsley's ;  John  Hunt,  north-east  of 
town ;  lands  owned  by  his  sons,  Levi  and  Charles  Hunt,  and 
Wilson  Hunt, 

Henry  Fender,  from  iSTorth  Carolina,  after  a  sojourn  of  a 
year  or  two  eight  miles  south  of  Richmond,  with  six  children, 
settled  in  1810  or  1811,  on  the  farm  where  his  son  Henry  L. 
now  resides,  half  a  mile  north-west  of  town,  on  the  Centerville 
turnpike.  He  also  entered  the  land  where  others  of  the  family 
afterward  settled.  His  sons  were  Jonathan,  who  removed 
from  the  county;  Gabriel,  who  settled  a  half  mile  vrest  of 
town,  and  is  dead  ;  Jacob,  who  settled  and  still  lives  a  mile  and 
a  half  from  town,  on  the  Centerville  turnpike;  Littleton,  who 
died  near  Kankakee,  111.,  and  whose  sons,  John  Milton  and 
James  H.,  reside  in  the  township;  Henry  L.,  on  his  father's 
homestead  ;  and  John  H. 

Gabriel  Fender,  brother  of  Henry,  Sen.,  bought  of  David 
Railsback  the  farm  three-fourths  of  a  mile  north-east  of  town, 
now  owned  by  ]Sricholas  Smith.     He  removed  to  South  Bend. 

Thomas  MofHtt  settled  three-fourths  of  a  mile  south  of  town. 
By  a  change  in  county  bounds  his  farm  has  been  taken  into 
Union  county.  On  it  was  one  of  the  forts  built  during  the 
war  of  1812,  as  a  means  of  protection  against  the  Indians. 
Another  was  built  on  the  farm  of  Wni.  Lewis,  about  a  mile 
from  the  former.  David  Railsback  settled  near  town  in  1807, 
and  died  October  17,  1856.     [Sk.] 

William  Dye,  from  Kentucky,  settled,  in  1810,  one  mile 
south-east  of  the  town.     [Sk.] 

The  following  are  names  of  some  of  the  earlier  settlers,  but 
the  years  in  which  they  respectively  settled  have  not  been 
ascertained  : 

Thomas  Bradbury  first  settled  four  miles  south-east  of  the 
town,  now  Union  county,  afterward  two  miles  north  of  town; 
land  now  owned  in  part  by  Henry  Paddock.  James  Lamb, 
from  Scotland,  settled,  about  1818,  near  the  mouth  of  Elkhorn, 
where  now  Jose[)h  Boon  Lamb  resides.  He  died  in  1811, 
aged  85.  John  Lamb,  son  of  James,  settled  near  his  father, 
where  his  widow  now  lives.  William,  another  son,  on  the 
farm  now  owned  by  C.  C.  Beeler,  in  Boston  township.  He 
died  at  Keokuk,  Iowa. 


146  hist:ry  of  wayne  county. 

"Wm.  Jarrett  settled  about  two  and  a  half  miles  north-west 
of  town;  land  now  owned  by  J.  W.  Robbins,  James  Jarrett, 
and  iSTelson  Gable.  George  and  Levi  Jarrett  settled  near  their 
brother  William ;  and  another  brother,  Eli,  where  M.  Rank 
now  lives. 

David  Car.son  settled  in  the  north-east  part  of  the  township, 
where  now  his  son  David  resides.  He  was  son-in-law  of 
Richard  Rue,  one  of  the  first  three  settlers  in  Wayne  county. 
John  Plaukeuhorn  bought  of  Wm.  James  the  land  now  owned 
by  his  son,  John  Plankenhorn.  Henry  Long  settled  where 
Anderson  Sweet  lives,  two  miles  north-west  of  the  town.  Ed- 
mund Jones,  a  native  of  Virginia,  settled  early  three  miles 
north-west  of  the  town,  now  in  his  S-tth  year.  John  Hendricks 
early  owned  the  land  where  now  Isam  Stevens  and  John 
Madden  reside. 

John  Wright  settled  near  the  north  line  of  the  township,  and 
is  still  living,  in  his  85th  year.     John  Ellis,  where  H.  Wright 

afterward  settled,  on  land  now  owned  by  Wright's  heirs.    

Spahr  entered  early  several  sections  in  the  north-ioest  fart  of 
the  towniship.  On  these  lands,  at  present,  are  Daniel,  John, 
and  Mary  Spahr  Burris,  Joseph  D.  Spahr,  Samuel  Clevenger, 
Philip  Jenkins,  and  John  S.  Henwood.  Michael  Helms,  from 
Virginia,  bought  lands  in  the  south-west  part  of  the  township, 
now  principally  owned  by  his  son,  Isaiah   Helms.     Thomas 

,  where  now  George  Rank  resides.     Daniel  Clevenger, 

on  land  now  owned  by  George  Rodenberger,  south  part  of  the 
township ;  also  bought  where  Samuel  Clevenger,  Jun.,  lives. 

In  the  south-west  part  of  the  township  are  lands  now  or 
lately  owned  by  J.  Jones,  E.  McCashin;  in  the  south  i^art,  by 
D.  Lee,  S.  Dye,  A.  Dye,  the  early  settlers  on  which  have  not 
been  ascertained. 

In  the  vicinity  of  the  town  are  lands  now  or  lately  owned 
by  I.  M.  F.  Stevens,  P.  Slade,  L.  Manning,  M.  Manning,  D. 
Weaver,  J.  Long,  Merriraan  Brumiield,  and  others,  the  names 
of  the  first  settlers  on  which  have  not  been  obtained.  JSTathan, 
son  of  David  Railsback,  Sen.,  (not  the  first  settler,)  settled  on 
the  land  now  owned  by  his  heirs,  about  two  miles  north  of 
town. 

In  the  north  i^art  of  the  township  the  names  have  not  been 


ABINGTON   TOWNSHIP.  147 

obtained  of  tlie  early  settlers  on  the  lands  now  or  lately  owned 
by  M.  Bobbins,  J.  R.  Meek,  J.  Crow,  J.  Frost  and  J.  F.  Rob- 
bins,  R.  Stevens,  J.  M.  Snider,  and  others;  also,  A,  Stinson,  J. 
Stafer,  J.  Stinson,  and  S.  Stevens  in  the  western  part  of  the 
township. 

Hugh  Endsley,  brother  of  John,  Sen.,  put  up  the  first  grist- 
mill [corn-cracker]  on  East  Fork,  a  little  below  the  mouth  of 
Elkhorn,  in  1808.  Henry  Whitinger,  a  few  j^ears  after,  built 
there  a  hewed  log  one,  with  two  runs  of  stones,  one  for  corn 
and  one  for  wheat.  It  was  afterward  bought  by  Julius  C.  Wood, 
who  built  a  good  frame  flouring  mill,  now  owned  by  his  son, 
Valentine  Wood,  and  standing  idle.  The  second  grist-mill 
was  built  about  the  year  1826,  nearly  a  mile  from  the  village, 
by  Joseph  Cox.  He  sold  it  to  Rate  Shawmbourie,  who  put  up 
a  better  one,  having  a  run  of  burr  stones,  and  sold  it  to  Merri- 
man  Brumtield,  who  built  another  on  or  near  the  same  site, 
with  a  saw-mill  attached.  Another  saw-mill  was  built  by 
Thomas  Manning,  at  Abington,  who,  some  years  after  [about 
1839]  sold  it  to  D.  &  J.  Weaver,  who  attached  a  carding  machine 
and  falling  mill,  and  in  1845  built  a  large  woolen  factory.  This 
pi'oving  unprofitable,  the  building  was  sold  and  removed^to  the 
viUage  for  a  wagon  and  carriage  shop.  The  same  firm  built  a 
large  fiouring  mill  a  short  distance  below  the  old  site,  also  a 
saw-mill  in  1849,  which  are  now  owned  by  John  B.  Craft  &  Co. 

The  first  Carding  Machine — a  rude  establishment — was  put  up 
by  Richard  Sedgwick  and  Smith  Hunt,  at  the  mouth  of  Elk- 
horn.  John  Brower  next  [1824,  or  about  that  year,]  built  a 
carding  and  fulling  mill  near  the  north  part  of  the  town. 

The  first  Merchant  in  Abington  was  Moses  Cox,  son  of  John 
Cox,  Jun.,  about  the  year  1818.  Some  of  his  earlier  suc- 
cessors— though,  perhaps,  not  in  the  order  mentionecl,  were 
Samuel  Hall,  Hafer  &  Glanten,  Middlecough  &  Beeks,  Bone- 
brake  &  Manning.  Later,  the  following  were  here  as  early, 
at  least,  as  at  the  dates  mentioned :  Whitinger  &  Matchett, 
Thomas  Ellis,  and  Michael  Donlan  &  Co.,  in  1839;  Wm.  A. 
Beeks,  Wm.  Lipscomb,  John  Leach,  in  1840;  Williams  & 
Dunbar,  in  1841 ;  James  Rubey,  Simpson  Dye,  in  1842;  White 
&  Hunt,  in  1843;  David  M.  Dunbar,  AYhitinger  &  Dye,  E.  F. 
Donlan,  1815.  Present  merchants,  Joshua  Dye,  grocer;  Ha- 
man  Dobbs,  dry  goods. 


148  '  HISTOKY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

The  first  Blacksmith  was  John  Hunt,  who  was  also  a  gunsmith. 
His  widow,  a  daughter  of  Lazarus  Whitehead,  is  still  living,  at 
the  age  of  about  84. 

The  first  Religious  Society  was  the  Methodist  Episcopal,  organ- 
ized at  an  early  period  of  the  settlement  of  the  township. 
Among  its  early  members  were  Thomas  Mofiitt  and  his  wife; 
John  Cox,  his  wife  and  son  James;  Peter  Stevens,  a  preacher 
and  also  the  first  school  teacher,  near  Moffitt's ;  Henry  Long, 
also  a  preacher,  and  his  wife;  Eli  and  Clark  Penwell,  and 
David  Railsback,  and  their  wives;  Henry  Fender,  his  son 
Jacob,  and  John  Fender,  Sen.  The  first  preaching  was  in 
dwellings.  Their  first  meeting-house  was  a  log  building  on 
the  hill,  near  the  site  of  their  present  brick  house. 

The  United  Brethren  formed  a  society  about  the  year  1818. 
Among  their  early  members  were  Isaac  Shelby,  an  exhorter, 
Thomas  Manning,  W"m.  Dye,  Daniel  Clevenger,  with  their 
wives,  and  George  Bonebrake,  a  preacher.  Their  first  regular 
preacher  is  believed  to  have  been  John  Ross.  The  society 
built  a  frame  house  about  the  year  1828;  the  present  brick 
house  in  1854-55.  This  was  a  well-built  house,  and  its  interior 
was  well  and  neatly  finished.  [It  has,  since  the  above  was 
written,  been  nearly  or  quite  destroyed  by  fire.] 

As  in  other  places  along  the  "Whitewater,  rattlesnakes 
abounded  here  at  an  early  day."  About  a  mile  above  where 
the  town  now  is,  a  number  of  women  who  were,  on  a  Sunday, 
sauntering,  for  pastime,  along  the  stream,  are  said  to  have 
killed,  with  clubs  and  poles,  upward  of  thirty  rattlesnakes. 

The  Town  of  Abington  was  laid  out  in  1817,  by  John  and 
Joseph  Cox,  proprietors.  The  certificate  of  the  survey  was 
recorded  November  5,  1818. 

Biographical  and  Genealogical. 

"William  Dye,  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  removed  to  Ken- 
tucky, and  thence  to  "Wayne  county  in  1810,  settled  one  mile 
south-east  of  where  the  town  now  is.  He  served  in  the  war 
of  1812,  and  died  in  1820.  His  widow  died  on  the  farm  in  her 
88tli  year.  Their  children,  besides  one  that  died  in  infancy, 
were  John,  Joshua,  and  Ellison,  who  were  born  in  Kentucky ; 
Simpson,  Phebe,  Eli,  who  died  at  24,  and  Nancy.     John  and 


C^  I 


,,...-" 


iT. 


ABINGTON    TOWNSHIP.  149 

Ellison  removed  to  Hancock  county.  Joshua  married  Mary 
Nicholas,  and  had  nine  children  ;  six  are  living.  He  has  been 
for  many  years,  and  is  still  a  merchant  in  town. 

Charles  Hunt,  from  North  Carolina,  settled  in  the  south- 
east part  of  the  present  township  in  the  year  1807,  about  eight 
miles  south-westerly  from  "Richmond,  and  built,  the  same  year, 
a  grist-mill  [corn  cracker]  on  the  Elkhorn,  the  first  in  the 
count3\  He  had  been  preceded  by  his  sons  George,  John, 
Smith,  and  William,  who  had  been  sent  on  earlier  in  the  sea- 
son to  build  the  mill,  accompanied  by  their  sister  Sally,  who 
came  to  cook  for  them.  Charles  Hunt  had  nine  sons  and  four 
daughters.  The  sons  were :  1.  Jonathan;  2.  James;  3.  Timo- 
thy, who  came  with  their  wives  some  two  years  after  the  others. 
Timothy  settled  a  mile  east  of  town,  where  he  and  his  wife 
both  died.  The  farm  is  owned  by  liis  sons  Charles  and  Levi, 
who  live  on  it,  and  Andrew,  who  resides  in  town.  4.  George, 
who  married  Patsey,  daughter  of  Lazarus  Whitehead;  was  a 
surveyor,  and  the  first  clerk  of  the  county  courts.  5.  John,  who 
married  Polly  Whitehead,  also  a  daughter  of  L.  Whitehead, 
and  had  nine  children,  all  of  whom  but  one  were  married,  as 
follows:  Caroline  was  married  to  Samuel  Osborn ;  William,  to 
Harriet  Smelser;  Patsey,  to  Horton  Ferguson,  and  resides  at 
Milton;  Lazarus,  to  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Matchett,  of  Abiugton; 

Wilson,  to Beeson,  and  lives  in  Abington  township;  Lo- 

vinia,  deceased,  unmarried  ; •  was  married  to  David  Hale, 

in  Abington  township.  [Names  of  Mrs.  Hale  and  the  two 
other  sisters  not  furnished.]  John  ILmt  was  probably  the  first 
blacksmith  in  Wayne  county,  and  was  also  a  gunsmith.  He 
died  October  30,  1851,  in  his  75tli  year.  His  widow,  Mary 
Hunt,  more  familiarly  and  widely  known  as  Polly  Hunt,  whose 
portrait  is  here  inserted,  is  still  living,  in  her  84th  year.  6. 
Smith,  sixth  son  of  Charles  Hunt,  married  Betsey,  a  daughter 
of  James  Lamb;  settled  in  the  township,  and  died  October  6, 
1855,  in  his  73d  3'ear.  7.  William  married  Elizabeth,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Isaac  Esteb.  8.  Charles  married Boon,  of  Ken- 
tucky. 9.  Stephen  G.  married  a  daughter  of  James  Lamb, 
and  died  November  18,  1837,  aged  42  years.  The  daughters 
of  Charles  Hunt,  Sen.,  were  Polly,  who  married  An- 
drews;   Rebecca,  who  married Bryan,  of  Kentucky; 


150  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Salhj,  Richard  Sedgwick;  Nancy,  David  T.  Wyatt;  Catharine, 
Thomas  Bradbury. 

David  Railsback  was  born  in  Loudon  county,  Va.,  Decem- 
ber 12, 1769,  and  was  married  to  Sarah  Stevens.  He  removed 
to  iTorth  Carohna  ;  thence,  in  1806,  to  Whitewater,  and  settled 
a  half  mile  east  of  where  Abington  now  is,  in  March,  1807. 
He  afterward  removed  to  a  farm  now"  owned  by  Merriman 
Brumfield.  He  died  October  17,  1856.  He  had  twelve  chil- 
dren, five  of  whom  were  born  in  this  county.  All  lived  to  be 
married,  and  to  raise  large  famihes;  none  having  less  than 
six,  and  one  as  many  as  seventeen.  His  children  were:  1. 
Mary,  wife  of  Wm.  Lewis;  they  live  in  Iowa.  2.  Enoch,  who 
married  Nancy  Fouts.  3.  Judith,  wife  of  Thomas  Cobb;  re- 
moved to  Lawrence  county,  Ind.  4.  Edioard,  who  married 
Frances,  daughter  of  James  Hunt,  and  died  in  Iowa,  in  1859. 
5.  William,  who  married  Mary  Rhodes;  resides  at  Kankakee, 
111.  6,  7.  Caleb  and  llattheiv,  twins,  who  married  Nancy  and 
Sarah  Barnhill.  Matthew  died  in  1844;  Caleb  lives  in  War- 
ren county.  8.  Joel,  who  married  Elizabeth  Fouts,  and  lives 
in  Wayne  township.  9.  David,  who  married  Mary  Smith,  in 
Wayne  township.  10.  Nathan,  who  married  Sina,  daughter 
of  Smith  Hunt,  and  died  in  1863.  11.  John,  who  married 
Pamelia,  daughter  of  Jesse  Davenport,  and  died  in  1860.  12. 
Sarah,  wife  of  Larkin  Garr,  died  in  1857. 

Peter  Smith,  a  native  of  Maryland,  came  from  Kentucky 
as  early,  it  is  said,  as  1805,  and  entered  several  quarter  sections 
of  land,  though  he  did  not  settle  on  it  until  1820.  His  chil- 
dren were :  1.  Nicholas,  who  married  Rebecca,  a  daughter  of 
George  Hunt,  and  lives  near  town.  2.  Ma.ry,  who  married 
David  Railsback.  3.  Barbara,  who  married  Christopher  C. 
Beeler,  now  of  Richmond.  4.  John  P.,  who  married  Mary 
Sedgwick,  deceased,  a  few  years  ago.  He  now  resides  one  and 
a  half  miles  west  of  Richmond.  5.  George  JT.,  who  married 
Clarissa,  daughter  of  Joseph  Lewis,  of  Green  township.  6. 
James,  who  married  Mary  H.  Hunt,  7.  Irvin,  who  lives  in 
Alexandria,  Madison  county.  8.  Joseph  W.,  unmarried.  9. 
Margaret,  wife  of  Nelson  Crow,  who  lives  on  the  homestead  of 
her  father,  adjoining  the  farm  of  George  Smith,  but  lying  on 
the  east  side  of  the  township  line,  in  Boston  township. 


BOSTON    TOWNSHIP.  151 


BOSTON  TOWNSHIP. 


This  township  Avas  formed  from  Wajne  in  February,  1835, 
and  lies  in  the  south-east  corner  of  the  county.  Its  length 
east  and  west  is  6  miles  ;  its  breadth  north  and  south  is  4 
miles,  making  an  area  of  24  square  miles.  The  principal 
stream  in  this  township  is  the  Elkhorn,  which  enters  it  about 
IJ  miles  west  of  Ohio  line,  and,  running  a  south-westerly 
course,  leaves  the  township  IJ  miles  south  of  the  north-west 
corner,  about  half  a  mile  above  the  mouth  of  the  stream. 
Some  of  the  earlier  settlements  in  the  county  were  n  ade 
within  its  limits.  With  the  exception  of  Ilohnan,  Rue,  and 
a  few  others  in  that  neighborhood,  and  John  Cox,  tlie  Ends- 
leys,  aud  perhaps  a  few  others  in  what  is  now  called  Abing- 
ton,  there  were  probably  no  earlier  settlers  in  Wayne  county. 
Thomas  Bulla,  Jacob  Fonts,  and  Jesse  Davenport  settled  on 
the  Elkhorn,  4  or  5  miles  south-east  of  Kichmond  ;  Daven- 
port and  one  or  two  of  the  Foutses,  lower  down,  within  the 
present  townsliip  of  Boston — all  tlie  same  year  in  which  the 
Hoovers  settled  north  of  Richmond.  The  Hunts,  the  next 
year,  settled  on  and  near  the  Elkhorn,  several  miles  below 
where  Davenport  settled. 

In  the  north-ioest  part  of  the  township,  Peter  Weaver  set- 
tled in  1807,  on  a  part  of  the  section,  [19,]  in  the  north-west 
corn  r  of  the  township  ;  the  land  now  owned  by  Chiistopher 
C.  Beeler,  of  Richmond.  John  Collins,  in  1807,  settled 
where  Milton  II.  Beeson  lives.  James  Landj,  a  native  of 
Scotland,  on  land  now  owned  by  Catharine,  widow  of  John 
Lamb,  James  Lamb  died  in  September,  1841,  aged  85  years. 
George  Stevenson,  on  land  now  owned  b}'  his  descendants. 
Abraham  Gaar,  from  Kentucky,  in  April,  1807,  where  his  son 
Larkin  now  resides.  Aaron  Martin,  in  1807  or  1808,  on  a 
quarter,  a  part  of  which  is  now  owned  by  Jeptha  Turner. 
Jackson  Rambo,  an  early  settler,  who  died  in  1816,  agc'd  55 
years,  and  in  1846,  his  widow,  in  her.  87th  year;  his  land 


152  HISTORY    OP    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

owned  after  his  decease  by  James  Sulser,  now  by  his  sons, 
Garrison  and  Hiram  Sulser. 

Lazarus  Whitehead,  in  1806,  settled  on  land  now  owned  by 
John  Sedgwick.  William  Burk,  on  land  now  a  part  of  the 
farm  of  Stephen  Farlow,  Wright  Lancaster,  from  E".  C,  in 
1808,  on  the  quarter  lately  owned  by  George  and  iNathan 
Farlow,  now  by  Wm.  Paddock.  Christopher  Roddy,  a  black- 
smith, on  land  now  owned  by  John  Raper.  Joshua  Meek, 
where  now  George  W.  Stevenson  lives.  Hugh  Cull,  in  1806, 
on  the  land  now  owned  by  John  W.  Ilort,  lately  by  James 
P.  Burgess.  Isaac  Beeson,  from  ]^.  C,  in  1807,  where  his 
son  Augustus  Beeson  lives.  Robert  Grimes,  about  1808,  on 
land  now  owned  by  his  son  Robert,  and  Henry  Rodenburg. 
Abraham  Esteb,  on  lands  where  Samuel  and  John  Moore, 
and  Alfred  and  Jacob  S.,  sons  of  John  Moore,  reside.  Ja- 
cob Keesling,  from  Pa.,  afterward  Wm.  Pouts,  on  land  now 
owned  by  Isaac  N.  Seaney.  Armstrong  Grimes  on  land  now 
owned  by  Eli  Kilmer.  Wm.  Parsons,  where  James  Watson 
resides. 

In  the  north  part  of  the  township.  Fielding  Gaar  settled  on 
a  part  of  section  21,  lately  occupied  by  R.  Rue,  now  owned 
by  Justice  Kroskopf.  Wm.  Williams  settled  in  1814,  where 
Isaac  Bulla  resides.  He  was  a  maker  of  spinning  wheels, 
and  removed  to  Richmond ;  was  also  a  minister  in  the  society 
of  Friends.  Asa  Jeffers  settled  on  land  now  owned  by 
Alonzo  Osborn  and  Daniel  W.  Shatter.  Adjoining  this  section 
on  the  south,  James,  William,  and  Robert  Grimes  owned  the 
land  now  owned  by  John  T.  Williams.  Daniel  Hart,  from 
N".  C,  settled,  in  1814,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Francis 
Hendricks.  Jesse  Davenport,  before  mentioned,  in  1806,  set- 
tled on  section  22,  adjoining  Wayne.  A  part  of  his  laud  is 
now  owned  by  the  heirs  of  George  Grimes.  Other  parts  of 
the  section  were  owned  or  settled  by  Jeremiah  Parker,  Clark 
Williams,  and  Daniel  Clark.  Portions  of  the  section  are  now 
owned  by  James  McLain,  Samuel  S.  Brown,  Clayton  Brown, 
Joseph  Kokayne,  Wm.  Roberts,  W.  Elmer,  and  others.  On 
the  section  adjoining,  south,  [27,]  John  McCombs,  afterward 
John  Ray,  settled  where  now  Wm.  Ray  resides.  Jonathan 
Townsend,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Edward  Timberlake. 


BOSTON   TO"\YXSniP.  153 

Jacob  Keesling  bought  the  soutb  part  of  the  section,  now 
o^Yned  by  Joseph  M.  Bulla,  David  Foiits's  heirs,  and  Xathan 
Drule}'. 

In  the  north-cast  part  of  the  township,  [sec.  20,]  AYm. 
Jones  settled  on  the  north  half,  now  owned  by  Jose[)h  M. 
Bulla,  AVm.  Feazel,  andBenj.  Brown.  The  south  half,  early 
owned  l)y  Jacob  Keesling,  now  by  Joseph  M.  and  William 
Bulla,  William  Feazel,  Henry  II.  Highly.  Section  23,  west 
half,  iirst  owners  not  remendjered  ;  north  quarter  novc  owned 
chiefly  l>y  Andrew  Giiibrd ;  the  south  quarter  by  Jacob 
Shatter,  James  Watson,  and  Edward  Scarce.  The  north-east 
quarter  is  owned  by  Kathan  Druley.  The  south-east  quar- 
ter, formerly  owned  by  James  Hartup  and  Samuel  AYatts, 
now  by  Wm.  Wolf  and  Wm.  Watson's  heirs.  Daniel  Shaf- 
fer, from  A^irginia,  came  to  the  Whitewater  country  in  1809, 
and  settled,  in  1811,  on  section  24,  on  Ohio  line,  where  he  now 
resides,  at  the  age  of  about  85  years.  His  wife  died  the  1st 
of  January,  1807.  On  the  quarter  south,  John  Eaper  from 
Va.,  settled  early  ;  land  now  owned  by  James  W.  Shatter,  and 
the  heirs  of  Joseph  Doran.  Adam  Zeek  settled  on  the  north- 
west quarter,  which  is  now  owned  by  his  heirs,  and  David 
and  Wm.  Wolf.  Henry  Tinkle,  on  the  quarter  south,  after- 
wards Benj.  G.  Moore,  now  owned  by  Harl)in  H.  Moore.  On 
the  section  south,  [25,]  John  Hollett  settled  on  land  lately 
owned  b}^  Jacob  Shaffer,  now  by  Joseph  Bosworth.  Thomas 
Taylor,  on  the  south-east  C[uarter,  where  he  now  resides,  at 
the  age  of  80  years.  He  first  settled  near  the  Falls  of  Elk- 
horr. 

In  the  so}(th-east  part  of  the  township,  [sec.  30,]  Joshua 
Benton  settled  on  the  quarter  owned  by  David  Fouts's  heirs, 
on  0:iio  line.  Jeremiah  Girton  on  the  quarter  owned  by 
Nathan  Druley.  On  the  section  west,  [35,]  James  Ilolman 
settle!  where  Dennis  Druley  lives  ;  John  Jordan,  about  1810, 
south-cast  qr. ;  sold  out  about  1813,  to  John  Esteb,  from  I'a., 
and  removed  to  Perry  township,  where  he  died  ;  land  now 
owned  by  Wm.  Esteb's  heirs,  Levi  G.  Druley,  and  Edward 
Byan.  Absalom  Eambo,  on  the  south-west  quarter,  now 
owned  chiefly  by  E"athan  Druley  and  Sylvester  Girton.  Jo- 
seph Cravens  settled  about  1818  at  or  near  where  Charles 


154  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

and  Ricliard  Allen  own,  on  the  corner  section  of  the  town- 
ship ;  the  north  half  of  the  section  owned  by  Levi  Druley. 
On  a  part  of  the  section  west,  Thomas  Wyatt,  from  Tenn., 
early,  on  land  now  owned  by  John  Druley.  He  was  a  Rev- 
olutionary soldier  and  pensioner,  and  died  at  a  very  advanced 
age.  Isaac  Conley,  on  the  quarter  adjoining  the  town,  now 
owned  by  his  son,  John  J.  Conley,  where  he  died  in  1864. 
He  had  early  settled  a  mile  north-west  of  town,  on  a  small 
farm,  wliere  he  also  carried  on  for  a  few  years  the  tanning 
business. 

Wm.  Holman  settled  on  the  south-east  qr.  of  section  34, 
adjoining  town,  now  owned  by  Levi  Druley.  North-east  qr., 
owned  lately  by  A.  Lane,  now  by  Il^athan  Druley.  John 
Miller,  one  of  the  first  settlers  on  the  south-west  qr.,  where 
his  son  Wm.  Miller  lives.  The  north-west  qr.,  land  now 
owned  by  David  Fonts's  heirs  ;  first  settler  not  remembered. 
Thomas  Ward,  early  on  section  33,  where  L'a  Starr  lives. 
Thomas  Young,  where  Peter  Shidler  now  lives.  John  Brat- 
tan,  from  iST.  C,  where  Levi  Stanley  lives.  Sec.  3,  south-west 
of  town,  Samuel  Beck,  from  IT.  C,  on  the  south-east  qr., 
where  Wm.  Davenport  lives.  James  Fisher,  north-east  qr., 
now  owned  by  Wm.  Seany  and  Oliver  H.  Fonts.  Owsn 
Seany,  Sen.,  from  K.  C,  about  1809,  south-west  qr.,  where 
he  resided  until  his  death,  in  1831.  Pleasant  Seany  lives  on 
the  farm.  Owen  Seany,  Jun.,  on  a  part  of  north-west  qr., 
Avhere  he  died  in  March,  1871 ;  land  previously,  though  per- 
haps not  first,  owned  by  Thomas  Cuppy.  Section  next  vest, 
[4,]  Peter  Mellender,  1  mile  west  from  town  ;  laud  Litely 
owned  by  Isaac  Mellender,  his  son,  now  by  Polly  Mellender. 
John  Rife,  (not  first,)  on  the  land  now  owned  by  his  sor,  Ja- 
cob Rife,  a  German  Baptist  [Dunker]  preacher.  Isaac  Esteb, 
on  the  north-west  corner  of  the  section,  now  owned  l-y  his 
son  Isaac  M.  Esteb's  heirs.  Benj.  Jarvis,  very  early  on  the 
south-west  qr.,  at  or  near  where  Zachariah  Osborn  liveij.  He 
died  in  1862,  aged  82  years. 

In  the  south-west  2)art  of  the  township,  Joel  Moore  is  said 
to  have  settled  on  the  qr.  now  owned  by  Samuel  Moore. 
His  son  John  Moore  and  sons,  Jacob  and  Alfred,  cwn  and 
live  on   the  east   half  of  the    section  north,  [32.]      Samuel 


BOSTON    TOWNSHIP.  155 

Jobe,  a  Baptist  preacLer,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Samuel 
Osborn's  heirs,  Lazarus  AVhitehead,  in  1805,  where  now 
John  kSedgwick  lives;  land  on  west  line  of  the  township. 
Isaac  Beeson,  probably,  where  his  son  Augustus  now  resides. 

The  tirst  Fhysician  resident  in  the  township  is  not  remem- 
bered. Among-  those  who  have  at  ditterent  times  lived  and 
practiced  here,  were  Drs.  Stevens,  Butler,  Wheeler,  Iliram 
Bull,  David  S.  Evans,  and  Wm,  H.  Evans.  Present  prac- 
ticing physicians,  John  J.  Rife  and  Wm.  F.  Miller. 

The  first  Merchant  is  supposed  to  have  been  a  McMaster. 
According  to  the  recollection  of  early  settlers,  the  following 
succeeded  AlcMaster,  verly  nearly  in  the  order  named  :  James 
Ilitf,  Baxter  &  Dunham,  Jacob  W.  Fisher  &  Wm.  Fonts,  Bull 

&  Haines,  Wm.  &  John  liussey, Irvin.     From  1839  to 

1845,  the  following  are  on  record  as  having  paid  for  store 
licenses  :  In  1839,  Doughty  &  Widup,  Joseph  F.  Chapman, 
Isaac  Craig,  until  1845,  (perhaps  later.)  In  1844,  Strattan  & 
Burbank,John  Strattan;  in  1844  and  1845,  Harvey  &  McCul- 
lough,  Aaron  Druley.  There  have  also  been  named,  Samuel 
&  LeRoy  McWhinney,  Hiram  Bulla  &  Joseph  Druley,  Smith, 
Druley  &  John  Deal,  John  Druley,  John  Steele,  Jacob  F. 
Rinehart,  Robert  Swishey  &  Frank  Templeton,  David  Jenks. 
Present  merchant,  Jacob  F.  Rinehart. 

The  following  names  of  justices  of  the  -peace  appear  in  a 
number  of  old  dockets  now  in  the  office  of  J.  F.  Rinehart,  Esq. 
The  years  in  which  their  respective  records  commence  are 
also  given.  Isaac  Esteb,  1819;  James  P.  Burgess,  1829; 
Abraham  Cuppy,'1834;  Joseph  A.  Simpson,  Stephen  Mc- 
Whinney, 1835;  Isaac  Mellender,  1839  ;  Wm.  Druley,  1841 ; 
Alfred  Moore,  1851;  John  II.  Stearns,  1854;  James  Esteb, 
1856;  Jacob  F.  Rinehart,  1869.  Present  justices,  Jacob  F. 
Rinehart,  James  P.  Burgess. 

The  first  Gi'ist-mill  in  the  county  was  built  by  Charles  Hunt, 
in  1807,  on  the  Elkhorn,  about  a  mile  above  its  mouth,  iu:>w 
near  the  west  line  of  Boston  township.  It  was  a  tub  mill, 
and  a  cheap  one,  called  in  those  days  ''corn-cracker."  lie 
afterward  built  anew  mill,  which,  after  four  or  five  years, 
was  destroyed  by  fire.  A  steam  saw-mill  on  the  same  site, 
is  now  owned  b}^  James  and  John  Ensley.     [Since  the  above 


156  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

was  written,  John  Ensle}''  has  died.]  Jesse  Davenport  bnilt 
a  grist-mill  on  the  falls  of  Elkhorn  creek,  believed  to  have 
been  the  third  one  in  the  county.  A  few  years  later  he  built 
a  saw-mill  at  the  same  place.  These  mills  are  but  a  few  rods 
above  the  present  mills,  on  the  Richmond  and  Boston  turn- 
pike. There  are  at  present  a  grist-mill  and  a  saw-mill,  called 
"Eelief  Mills,"  owned  by  Samuel  S.  Brown,  "Wm.  A.  Elmer, 
and  John  "Wolf.  A  steam  saw-mill  was  built  in  1837,  by 
Eliphalet  Stanley,  at  Boston,  and  sold  soon  after  to  Jacob 
W.  Fisher  and  Wm.  Fonts,  who  sold  to  Smith  Rader,  and  he 
to  Irvin  and  others.  James  L.  Harris,  half  a  mile  north  of 
town,  built  a  steam  saw-mill,  which  is  now  owned  by  Wm.  T. 
McCoy.  There  was  for  a  time  attached  to  it  a  run  of  burr 
stones  for  grinding  corn.     A  lath-machine  is  now  attached. 

There  are  at  Boston  two  tile  factories;  one  owned  by  Sylves- 
ter Girton,  the  other  by  Wm.  Hart. 

A  sorcjhum  mill  was  built  in  1866,  by  John  J.  Conley,  near 
town.  It  has  the  capacity  to  manufacture  100  gallons  of 
syrup  per  day.  During  the  season,  which  continues  through- 
out the  fall  months,  about  4,000  gallons  are  made. 

A  BajMst  Church  was  formed  in  1806  or  1807,  in  what  is 
now  the  west  part  of  this  township,  composed  chiefly  of  set- 
tlers on  and  near  the  Elkhorn  creek,  and  is  familiarly  known 
as  the  "  Elkhorn  Church."  It  was  the  earliest  church  organ- 
ization in  the  county.  The  number  of  its  members  was 
small.  Richard  Rue,  Lazarus  Whitehead,  Charles  Hunt,  and 
Isaac  Esteb,  and  their  wives,  are  believed  to  have  been  among 
its  first  members.  Lazarus  Whitehead  was  their  pastor,  and 
was  the  first  minister  with  a  charge  in  the  county.  Their 
meeting-house  is  near  Elkhorn  creek,  about  a  mile  above  its 
mouth.     Probably  none  of  its  first  members  are  now  living. 

The  Friends,  soon  after  the  Baptists,  formed  a  society,  and 
built  a  log  meeting-house  about  2^  miles  north  of  Boston. 
The  house  had  a  stick  and  clay  chimney,  and  was  warmed  by 
a  charcoal  fire  in  the  center.  Few  persons. living  remember 
the  names  of  their  early  members.  Only  two  have  been 
mentioned,  as  certain :  John  Clark  and  Jeremiah  Parker. 

A  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  in  the  north-west  part  of  the 
township,  was  formed  early,  1807  or  1808.     Hugh  Cull,  who 


BOSTON   TOWNSHIP.  157 

settled  there  about  the  time  Rue  and  Hohnan  came,  was  a 
Methodist  preacher.  He  early  invited  the  few  families  in 
the  neighborhood  to  come  to  his  cabin,  and  preached  to  them. 
As  soon  as  the  itinerant  ministers  came  within  reach  of  him, 
he  invited  them  to  his  home.  Thev  formed  a  class  at  his 
house,  which  was  a  regular  preaching  place  for  many  j'cars. 
This  church  still  exists,  and,  it  is  believed,  has  been  regularly 
supplied  with  preaching  until  the  present  time. 

A  second  llet/iodist  Episcopal  Church  in  the  toAvnship  was 
formed  at  the  town  of  Boston.  The  date  of  its  organization 
has  not  been  ascertained.  An  old  inhabitant,  and  one  of  the 
early  members,  names  the  folloAving  as  having  joined  at  the 
time,  or  very  soon  after  the  class  was  formed :  Jacob  Meek, 
Peter  Mellender,  ISTicholas  Druley,  Samuel  Druley,  James 
Holman,  Samuel  Beck,  Joseph  (Graven,  Andrew  Jones,  Absa- 
lom liambo,  John  Esteb,  James  Esteb,  and  probably  the 
wives  of  some  or  all  of  them.  They  built  a  frame  meeting- 
house in  or  about  the  year  1838.  As  in  some  other  places 
mentioned  in  our  history,  a  separation  was  caused  by  anti- 
slavery  agitation.  The  church  was  greatly  enfeebled  by  the 
division — so  much  so,  that  for  many  years  it  could  hardly  be 
said  to  have  an  existence.  Although  it  has  recently  been 
reorganized,  its  membership  does  not  exceed  about  twenty- 
five  in  number. 

The  Free  Methodists  organized  a  church  some  five  or  six 
years  ago.  Some  of  their  earl}*  members  were  Ira  Starr, 
Harbin  H.  Moore,  John  Druley,  Wm.  Miller,  Emsley  Daven- 
port. 

The  UniversaUst  Church  was  organized  in  July,  1869.  In 
1868,  they  built  a  brick  meeting-house  jointly  with  the  Free 
Masons,  who  occupy  the  upper  story. 

The  town  of  New  Boston  was  laid  out  by  James  IliiF,  Ste- 
phen McWhinuey,  "Wm.  Druley,  Samuel  Shinn,  proprietors. 
The  plat  and  survey  were  recorded  August  30,  1832. 

Downey  Lodge,  No.  233,  of  Free  and  Accepted  3Iasons,  was 
organized  under  a  charter  granted  May  25,  1858.  Charter 
Members  :  :N"icho]as  Druley,  W.  M. ;  John  H.  Stearns,  S.  W.; 
Joseph  M.  Bulla,  J.  W. ;  Joseph  Clengenpul,  S.  D.;  Joseph  T. 
Druley,  J.  W. ;  Louis  Pigg,  Tyler ;   J.  M.  Jones,  Secretary. 


158  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Present  Officers  :  Joliu  I.  Rife,  W.  M.;  W.  P.  Druley,  S.  W. ; 
John  Moss,  J.  W. ;  Joseph  S.  Benliem,  S.  D. ;  Erasmus  Sto- 
ver, J.  D.;  Samuel  Oler,  Treasurer;  Samuel  I. Johnson,  Secre- 
tary ;  Charles  Allen,  Tyler. 

Rinehart  Lodge,  310,  Independent  Order  of  Odd  Fellows,  was 
organized  June  11,  1868.  The  charter  was  granted  May  20, 
1868,  on  application  of  Jacob  F.  Rinehart,  Henry  Hawkins, 
Enos  Geary,  Philip  Schneider,  and  Charles  Corns.  First  Of- 
ficers: Jacob  F.  Rinehart,  'N.  G. ;  Oliver  H.  Toney,  V.  G. ; 
Samuel  J.  Johnson,  Secretary ;  Henry  C.  Fonts,  Per.  Secre- 
tary; Levi  G.  Druley,  Treasurer. 

JBiograjyhical  and  Genealogical. 

Joseph  M.  Bulla,  son  of  Thomas  Bulhi,  an  early  settler,  was 
born  where  his  father  iirst  settled,  on  the  Elkhorn,  in  the  south- 
east part  of  Wayne  township.  He  was  married  to  Nancy 
Wilson,  and  settled  in  the  towuship  of  Boston,  about  five  miles 
from  Richmond,  where  he  now  resides.  They  had  eleven  chil- 
dren, three  sons  and  eight  daughters.  Besides  sundry  trusts 
of  minor  importance,  Mr.  B.  held,  from  1842  to  1848,  the 
office  of  county  commissioner,  and  was  soon  after  elected  a  rep- 
resentative of  the  county  in  the  state  legislature. 

James  P.  Burgess  came  to  this  county  about  the  year  1820. 
He  was  married  in  1821,  and  settled  on  the  place  where  he 
now  resides,  in  the  north-west  part  of  the  township,  about  two 
miles  and  a  half  south  from  Richmond.  Mr.  Burgess  and  his 
wife  are  both  still  living.  In  March,  1871,  the  fiftieth  an- 
niversary of  his  marriage  was  celebrated  by  the  modern  popu- 
lar festival,  "golden  wedding,"  at  which,  among  the  numerous 
guests,  there  were  present  five  persons  who  attended  the  mar- 
riage in  1821.  One  of  these  was  Lewis  Burk,  of  Richmond, 
who  then  served  at  the  table  as  carver,  and  who  performed  a 
similar  service  on  the  late  occasion.  Mr.  Burgess,  soon  after 
his  settlement,  united  with  the  Methodist  Episcopal  church  in 
his  neighborhood,  and  has  ever  since  been  one  of  its  most  ac- 
tive members  and  liberal  supporters.  He  has  been  several 
times  elected  a  justice  of  the  peace,  which  office  he  now  holds. 
,  Conley,  John  J.,  son  of  Isaac  Con  ley,  was  born  in  what  is 
now  Boston  township,  February  23, 1812.     After  his  majority 


•  BOSTON    TOWNSHIP.  159 

he  ^YO^ked  as  carpenter  and  joiner  and  cabinet-maker  about 
ten  years.  In  1841,  he  removed  to  Richmond,  where  he  also, 
for  several  j'ears,  carried  on  the  manufacturing  of  shoe  pegs,  and 
subsequently  the  horticultural  business  for  eleven  years.  In 
1864,  he  bought  his  father's  farm  at  Boston,  on  which  he  still 
resides.  He  has  been  twice  married;  first,  to  Isabella  Grimes  ; 
secondly,  to  Martha  Curry,  of  Eaton,  0.;  b}'  each  of  whom  he 
had  two  sons  and  two  daughters :  all  but  one  daughter  are  liv- 
ing. The  following  are  married:  Robert  G.,  who  was  in  the 
late  war  three  years;  was  in  thirteen  battles;  was  captured  in 
the  battle  of  the  Wilderness;  confined  in  Andersonville  prison 
seven  months;  paroled  and  sent  home,  and  discharged  January 
18,  1865.  He  married  Ella  Benton,  and  is  a  hardware  mer- 
chant in  Richmond,  in  the  firm  of  G.  W.  Benton  &  Co.  Mar}-, 
who  married  James  Dean,  and  resides  near  Bloomingsport, 
Ind.  Margaret,  who  married  John  Short,  and  lives  in  Wayne 
township. 

Hugh  Cull,  who  has  been  mentioned  as  one  of  the  earliest 
settlers  in  the  county,  was  born  of  Roman  Catholic  parents,  in 
Havre  de  Grace,  Maryland,  October,  1759.  He  removed,  when 
four  years  of  age,  with  his  father,  to  Pennsylvania,  and  thence, 
in  1777,  to  Kentucky,  near  where  the  city  of  Lexington  now 
stands.  He  was  married  in  1785,  in  Henry  county,  to  Rachel 
Meek,  then  in  her  sixteenth  year;  and  in  1805  removed  to  the 
place  where  he  died,  now  in  Boston  township,  about  five  miles 
below  Richmond,  near  the  Elkhorn.  He  was  a  Methodist 
local  preacher,  and  actively  engaged  for  years  in  preaching  the 
gospel  before  traveling  preachers  had  found  their  way  into  the 
new  settlements.  He  was  a  member  of  the  convention  which 
framed  the  first  constitution  of  the  state,  and  which  then  met 
at  Corydon.  His  biographer,  Rev.  Wm.  C.  Smith,  dates  his 
death  August  31,  1862,  and  adds,  "aged  104  years  and  10 
months."  If,  however,  he  was  born  and  died  at  the  dates  given, 
he  would  have  been  but  102  years  and  ten  months.  As  he  is 
generally  said  to  have  been  105  years,  Mr.  Smith  probably 
erred  in  giving  the  year  of  his  birth  or  that  of  his  death. 

Nicholas  Druley,  from  North  Carolina,  in  1812,  settled  in 
Wayne  county  a  mile  and  a  half  south  of  the  town  of  Boston, 
now  in  Union  county.     He  had  nine  children  who  attained  to 


160  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

the  age  of  majority,  and  were  married.  1.  Lethe  was  married 
to  Greenup  Holman,  and  removed  to  Grant  county,  where  she 
now  resides.  2.  Levi,  to  Agnes  Sedgwick,  and  lives  in  the 
township.  3.  Elizabeth,  to  Leonard  Templetou.  4.  Aaron, 
to  Martha,  daughter  of  Stephen  G.  Hunt,  son  of  Charles 
Hunt,  Sen.  5.  Dennis,  first  to  Nancy  Jane  Grimes,  and 
after  her  death  to  Mary  Jane  Watson.  6.  John,  to  ]S"ancy, 
daughter  of  Stephen  G.  Hunt.  7.  Martha,  to  Levi  "Wyatt, 
now  in  Preble  county,  Ohio.  8.  Nicholas,  to  Elizabeth  Gut- 
ter, (?)  and  lives  in  Harrison,  Union  county.  9.  Joseph,  to 
Elizabeth  Price,  and  resides  in  Richmond.  Several  of  the  sons 
of  Nicholas  Druley,  Sen.,  are  large  landholders.  Levi^nd 
Nicholas  own  nearly  equal  quantities,  about  700  acres  each. 

Abram  Gaar  was  born  in  Hanover  county,  Virginia,  Feb- 
ruary 28,  1769,  and  in  1805  removed  to  Kentucky.  In  1807, 
he  came  to  this  county,  and  settled  about  four  miles  and  a 
half  south  of  Richmond,  in  the  north-west  part  of 'the  present 
township  of  Boston,  where  his  son  Larkin  Gaar  now  "resides. 
He  lived  on  the  farm  on  which  he  first  settled  untiPhis  death, 
August  20, 1861.  He  married  in  Virginia,  and  had  eight  chil- 
dren :  Jonas,  who  resides  in  Richmond ;  [Sk.]  Fielding,  who 
died  in  Utah ;  Larkin,  who  lives  on  the  homestead  ;  Abel,  who 
resides  at  Berrien,  Michigan  ;  Fanny,  wife  of  Wm.  Lamb  who 
died  in  Iowa,  where  she  resides;  Rosa,  wife  of  John  In- 
gels  who  died  at  Milton,  where  she  resides  with  her.  son ; 
Martha,  who  married  Jeptha  Turner;  Eliza  Jane,  who  married 
Thomas  Henderson. 

Thomas  Young,  a  native  of  Virginia,  after  a  residence  of 
several  years  in  Ohio,  settled  in  this  county  in  1833,  on  the 
farm  on  which  Jacob  Shidler  now  resides,  about  a  mile  and  a 
half  west  from  the  town  of  Boston.  He  had  six  children,  four 
sons  and  two  daughters;  of  whom  only  two  sons,  John  F.  and 
Thomas  N.,  settled  in  this  county.  John  F.  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  Nathaniel  McClure,  Jun.,  of  "Wayne  township,  and  after 

her  death, ,  of  Ohio,  also  deceased.     He  resides  in 

Richmond.     Thomas  N.  also  resides  in  Richmond.     [Sk.] 


^  w^ 


\ 


Ammm  §aa^ 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  161 

\ 


CENTER  TOWNSHIP. 


Tills  township  was  formed  in  An2:ust,  1817,  and  comprises 
an  area  of  about  49  miles.  It  is  9  miles  in  length,  north  and 
south.  Its  average  breadth  is  less  than  5J  miles,  being  on  tlie 
north  line  oh  miles,  and  on  the  south  about  6f  miles.  It  is 
watered,  principally,  by  ]^oland's  Fork  and  its  branches.  The 
main  branch  of  the  stream  enters  the  township  near  the  north- 
east corner,  and  passes  through  it  to  the  south-west  corner.  It 
derives  its  name  from  Daniel  Noland,  the  first  settler  in  its  val- 
le}",  about  four  miles  south-west  from  Centerville,  now  in  the 
township  of  Washington. 

Among  the  earliest  settlers  in  the  township  were  those  who 
first  settled  on  this  stream.  They  were  the  following:  Isaac 
Julian,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Oliver  II.  Brumfield,  IJ 
miles  south-west  of  Centerville.  Mr.  Julian's  cabin  was,  in 
the  time  of  the  Indian  alarms,  altered  to  a  block-house.  In 
this  house,  which  stood  a  little  below  Ephraim  Alerritt's  pres- 
ent residence,  his  first  three  children  were  born,  jNathan 
Overman  settled  near  and  west  of  town,  the  land  now  owned 
by  Wm.  S.  T.  Morton.  Henry  Bryan,  Wm.  Hosier,  Robert 
Culbertson,  Greenburg  Cornelius,  some  of  the  Kings,  and 
others,  also  settled  in  this  valley. 

Ascending  the  valley  of  the  creek,  on  the  loest  side  from  the 
south-west  corner  of  the  township,  were  the  following,  not  all 
of  whom,  however,  were  among  tiie  earliest  settlers  in  the 
township :  David  J.  Woods,  who  built  a  grist-mill  and  a  saw- 
mill.    A  saw-mill  is  still  continued  there  by  Robert  Delap. 

James  ,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  S.  Nefi:".     Thomas 

McCoy,  from  Kentucky,  who  had  settled,  with  Ilolman  and 
others,  in  1805,  a  few  miles  south  of  Richmond,  and  who  re- 
moved, in  1813,  to  this  township,  where  his  sons  John  and 
Morgan  now  reside.  Joseph  W.  Jackson,  now  next  north, 
was  an  early  settler,  and  near  there,  Jacob  Hyers,  who  died  in 
Madison   county.     Wm.   Crawford,   where  now   Richard   G. 


162  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Charmaii  lives.  Crawford  also  manufactured  wliisky  on  a 
small  scale,  and  was,  probably,  the  first  distiller  in  the  county. 
Caleb  Jackson,  where  his  son  Caleb  B.  Jackson  now  resides. 
Greenbury  Cornelias,  in  1811,  on  the  land  belonging  to  the 
present  county  asylum.  Wm.  Harvey,  on  the  quarter  east  of 
the  above.  John  Harvey,  from  JSTorth  Carolina,  on  land  now 
owned  by  the  heirs  of  John  P.  Harvey.  Robert  Commons, 
from  Virginia,  settled,  in  1813,  where  he  died  December  19, 
1837,  aged  90  years;  the  place  now  owned  by  John  Myers. 
James  Townsend,  from  South  Carolina,  on  land  now  owned 
by  Melinda  King.  Joseph  Holman,  on  the  land  now  owned 
by  Wm.  Q.  Elliott.  Axium  Elliott,  from  ISTorth  Carolina, 
three  miles  north  from  Centerville;  land  now  owned  by  Mark 
Elliott's  heirs.  Robert  Galbraith,  where  Joseph  A.  Commons 
resides,  four  miles  north  from  town.  John  Copeland,  first, 
afterward  Daniel  King,  from  Kentucky,  about  1816,  near 
where  he  now  lives.  His  son  Levi  now  lives  on  the  home- 
stead. Robert  Culbertson,  from  Kentucky,  in  1815,  on  land 
lately  owned  by  Leonard  Wolfert,  now  by  Lorenzo  D,  King. 
He  lives  with  his  son  William,  four  miles  north  of  Centerville. 
Edward  Benbo,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  the  heirs  of  Jack- 
son Culbertson.  Walter  Roberts,  from  South  Carolina,  son  of 
Thomas  Roberts,  an  early  settler  near  Richmond,  settled,  in 
1816,  where  he  now  lives.  John  Stigleman,  where  his  son 
Henry  now  resides.  Joseph  t)verman,  from  JSTorth  Carolina, 
about  1813,  where  he  still  resides,  in  the  north-east  part  of  the 
township.      Michael   Harvey,  from   North    Carolina,   in   the 

north-east  part  of  the  township,  where  his  sons  reside.    

Whitson,  about  1812,  where  his  sou  John  resides.  John  El- 
wood,  from  Delaware,  where  his  son  Levi  lately  lived. 

Descending  on  the  east  side  of  the  stream,  we  mention  Jacob 
Griffin,  from  North  Carohua,  about  1813,  who  settled  two 
miles  north  from  town,  on  land  now  owned  by  his  son  Joshua 
and  Walter  G.  Stevens.  John  Maxwell,  from  Tennessee,  a 
blacksmith  and  farmer,  about  1814,  where  his  sou  John  M. 
lately  resided;  the  land  since  sold  to  James  Dunbar,  from 
Abington  in  1844,  who  died  in  1869,  aged  48,  and  now  owned 
by  his  heirs.  John  King,  from  Kentucky,  entered,  about 
1812,  the  land  since  owned  by  his  son  Joseph,  now  by  Joseph's 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  163 

heirs.  Joseph  Cook  settled  on  land  now  owned  by  James 
Rassell.  Jehu  Wickersham,  in  1816,  on  land  now  owned  by 
Oliver  T,  Jones  [not  where  O.  T.  J.  resides].  John  Garrett, 
where  Joseph  J.  King  resides.  Wm.  Hosier,  from  North  Car- 
olina, in  1811,  on  the  quarter  section  now  owned  and  occupied 
by  David  Commons,  and  on  which  he  lives.  Eobert  Harvey, 
from  North  Carolina,  on  the  adjoining  quarter  north,  also  now 
owned  by  David  Commons.  AVm.  Sumner,  from  Virginia, 
near  town,  sold  to  John  King,  now  owned  by  Jackson  King, 
his  youngest  son.  His  other  sons  were  James  W.  D.,  Wm.  S., 
Joseph,  and  Presley.  All  settled  in  the  township,  west  and 
north-west  of  the  town.  Wm.  Sumner  also  owned  the  land 
on  which  Centerville  stands.  Israel  Elliott  settled  on  the  land 
hitely  owned  by  Norris  Jones,  near  town.  James  Junkins, 
afterward  Elisha  King,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  George 
Houck.  Robert  Black,  on  land  now  owned  by  his  widow  and 
sons.  Henry  Bryan,  a  native  of  Delaware,  removed  from 
Pennsylvania,  in  1811,  to  the  farm  on  which  he  died,  now 
owned  by  the  heirs  of  Wm.  Gentry,  near  the  south-west  cor- 
ner of  the  township.     He  was  the  first  county  surveyor. 

In  the  south  part  of  the  township,  Isaac  Williams  settled  on 
land  afterward  owned  by  Samuel  McConnaha,  now  by  Thomas 
McConnaha,  his  son.  David  Galbraith  and  his  son  John, 
where  Jacob  Wagoner  lived;  land  now  owned  by  Joshua  Eli- 
ason.  Nathaniel  Bell,  from  Kentucky,  one  mile  south  of 
town,  where  Martin  IT.  Eliason  lives.  Daniel  Crow,  a  native 
of  North  Carolina,  two  miles  south  from  town,  where  he  still 
resides,  his  youngest  son,  Jacob,  living  with  him.  His  other 
sons  are,  Stephen,  in  Washington  township ;  Ashford  and  Ja- 
cob, on  the  homestead ;  Nelson,  in  Boston  township. 
•  John  Smith,  son  of  John  Smith,  an  early  proprietor  of  Rich- 
mond, settled  one  and  a  half  miles  south-east  from  town,  on 
land  afterward  owned  by  Paul  Frazier,  now  by  his  heirs. 
Wm.  Bundy  settled  where,  at  the  age  of  84  years,  he  still 
lives  with  his  son-in-law,  Amos  Haines.  Peter  and  Zachary 
Dicks,  from  North  Carolina,  about  1812,- three  miles  south- 
east from  town  on  land  now  owned  by  tlieir  heirs.  Beale 
Butler,  in  the  south-east  part  of  the  township;  the  land  now 
the  property  of  Isam  Smelser  and  Stephen  Farlow.     Butler 


104  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

was  a  judge  and  a  county  commissioner.  John  Jones,  from 
Virginia,  three  miles  south  from  town,  where  he  still  lives,  at 
the  age  of  82  years.  He  was  several  times  elected  to  the  legis- 
lature, and  is  a  highly  respected  citizen. 

In  the  east  'part  of  the  township,  John  C.  Kibbey,  from  New 
Jersey,  settled  at  Salisbury,  and  owned  considerable  land  there, 
a  part  of  which  is  now  owned  by  John  P.  Voss.  Jeremy 
Mansur,  from  Massachusetts,  settled  at  Salisbury.  He  was  a 
blacksmith,  and  famed  as  an  ax-maker;  was  afterward  a 
farmer.  Parts  of  the  farm  are  now  owned  by  Joseph  C.  Rat- 
lift"  and  Thomas  Wyatt.  Joseph  Kem,  early  on  section  15, 
the  section  now  owned  by  Joseph  C.  Ratlifl!',  James  Forkner, 
T.  &  J.  Miller.  Kem  resides  in  Richmond.  Isaac  Miller  set- 
tled on  the  east  line  of  the  township,  on  lands  on  and  near 
which  he  and  his  sons,  A.  J.,  James  A.,  L.  D.,  David,  and 
Ohver  reside.  Richard  Pedrick,  (probably  not  the  first,)  where 
are  now  Thomas  and  J.  Roberts.  James  E.  Bryant,  on  land 
early  owned  by  Thomas  Aired.  Yinuedge  Russell  and  Rich- 
ard Pedrick,  on  the  section  [10]  on  which  John  M.  Eliason 
and  others  reside.  Wm.  Culbertson,  on  land  first  improved  by 
George  Yinnedge.  Thomas  Culbertson  and  Richard  Cheese- 
man,  early,  where  Presley,  Caleb  W.,  and  Lorenzo  D.  lung 
reside,  on  and  near  Poland's  Fork.  Joseph  Overman,  where 
he  still  lives,"  and  his  son  Emsley.  Wm.  Thornburg,  from 
Yirginia,  in  1810,  to  "Wayne,  and  thence  in  1816  to  Center, 
near  the  north  line,  and  near  where  his  son  Walter  resides. 
He  died  near  Indianapolis  in  1841,  aged  64. 

In  the  loest  part  of  the  tow^nship,  Jacob  Brooks,  a  native  of 
Yirginia,  from  Ohio  in  1827,  settled,  where  he  lately  lived,  on 
the  township  line ;  now  lives  on  section  22,  north  side  of  the 

National  road.     Conover,  also  on  the  west  line;  land 

now  owned  by  Wm.  Conover,  first  settled  by  John  Woodward. 
Charles  Canaday,  early,  where  David  B.  Beeson  resides. 
James  Martin,  from  North  Carolina,  where  his  son  James  B. 
resides.  Samuel  Parker,  where  Henry  Gates  resides.  Jehu 
Wickersham,  (not  the  Jehu  Wickersham  before  mentioned,) 
settled  where  Eli  Cook  lives.  Philip  Kitterman,  (not  the  first 
settler,)  where  his  heirs  reside.  Ezekiel  Commons,  in  1813  or 
1814,  where  James  Black   resides.     Daniel  Stone,  afterward 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  165 

James  Neal,  a  farmer,  blacksmith,  and  innkeeper,  on  the  land 
now  owned  l\y  J.  &  C.  Starr.  John  Hill,  from  North  Caro- 
lina, about  1814,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Wm.  Xorman's 
heirs.  Peter  Edwards,  from  jSTorth  Carolina,  on  land  now 
owned  by  Jesse  and  Stephen  Horney.  Francis  Coffin,  from 
North  Carolina,  on  section  11,  the  land  now  owned  chiefly  by 
Cyrus,  Dorelis,  and  Hiram  Huff.  John  King,  from  Kentucky, 
settled,  in  1828,  where  widow  Sarah  King  lives.  lie  died  in 
1859,  aged  75.  Mark  Elliott  came  from  jSTorth  Carolina,  with 
his  father,  Exum  Elliott,  and  settled  in  the  north-west  part  of 
the  township,  near  wdiere  he  died  in  1858,  aged  44,  on  the 
place  where  his  widow  lives.  His  son  William,  who  married 
Rebecca,  daughter  of  Joseph  Jackson,  now^  lives  near  his 
mother.  Sarah  E.,  daughter  of  Mark  Elliott,  married  Marion 
J.  Barr. 

Benj.  Maudlin,  from  North  Carolina,  in  1807,  to  Wayne 
township,  and  in  1813  to  Center,  two  and  a  half  miles  north  of 
Centerville ;  removed  to  Michigan  about  1835,  where  he  died. 
His  son  John  married  Kebecca  Elliott,  and  lives  three  miles 
north-west  from  town.  ]Mark,  his  son,  resides  two  miles  north- 
west from  town.  John  W^.  Tindale,  from  Ohio,  in  1840,  settled 
in  Green,  and  in  1854,  where  he  now  resides,  in  the  north  part 
of  Center.  Joseph  Palmer,  from  Virginia,  in  1829,  settled  south 
of  Centerville;  his  son  Daniel  now  lives  in  Center,  one  and  a 
half  miles  w^est  of  Dover. 

James  Thompson,  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  removed  from 
Ohio  to  the  place  now  occupied  by  his  son-in-law,  Wm.  Frame. 
He  died  in  1869,  aged  76  years.  His  son  William  lives  on 
land  adjoining  on  the  west.  Lewis  Forkner,  from  North  Car- 
olina, settled  in  Centerville  in  1817,  and  died  in  1824.  His 
son  James  is  a  merchant  in  Centerville. 

The  first  Saw-mill  in  tlie  township  was  built  b}'  Asa  Provo, 
about  the  year  1817,  on  Noland"s  Fork,  three  miles  north  of 
Centerville,  Another,  about  a  mile  below,  by  John  Cope- 
land,  about  the  same  time.  Robert  Harvey,  another,  on  the 
same  stream,  one  and  a  half  miles  north--west  from  town,  on 
the  present  site  of  the  mills  of  David  Commons.  Axum 
White  built  a  sa-w-mill  above  Harvey's,  afterward  owned  by 
Norris  Jones,  since  rebuilt  by  Daniel  Shank;  no  mill  is  now 


166  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

running  there.  Another  was  built  by  I^athan  Overman,  about 
1827,  one  mile  west  of  town;  and  another  below  that,  by 
N"athan  HoUingsworth,  where  one  is  still  running.  A  steam 
saw-mill  was  built  in  186S,  in  the  east  part  of  the  toAvn,  by 
Lyman  &  Haines. 

The  first  Grist-mill  [corn-cracker]  was  built  about  1816,  by 
James  Crawford,  one  mile  south-west  of  town.  It  was  after- 
ward owned  by  Jacob  Wolf,  who  run  it  ten  or  fifteen  years, 
and  sold  it  to  Jacob  Crull,  Jun.,  who  pebuilt  it,  and  sold  it  to 
Nathan  HoUingsworth,  Avho  also  improved  it,  and  run  it  about 
twenty  years;  and  after  passing  through  the  hands  of  several 
owners,  it  came  into  the  possession  of  its  present  proprietors, 
— —  Clark  and  John  P.  Smith.  Eobert  Harvey  built  a  cheap 
mill  near  his  saw-mill,  sold  it  to  David  Commons,  who  built 
in  its  place  a  first-class  flouring-mill,  which  he  thoroughly 
repaired  in  1869.  David  J.  Woods  built  a  grist-mill  and  a 
saw-mill  in  the  south-west  corner  of  the  township.  A  saw- 
mill is  continued  there  by  Robert  Delap.  A  steam  flouring- 
mill  was  built  about  ten  years  ago  by  "Wm.  Piatt,  and  fell 
into  the  hands  of  Norris  Jones,  who  sold  it  to  John  Latshaw. 
It  was  afterward  destroyed  by  fire.  Another  was  built  in  its 
place,  but  is  not  running  at  }iresent. 

A  Carding-machine  was  built  by  !N"athan  Overman,  one  mile 
west  of  Centerville,  believed  to  have  been  the  only  one  ever 
in  the  township. 

Among  the  early  Blacksmiths — perhaps  the  first  in  the  town- 
ship— was  John  Maxwell,  about  two  miles  north  of  town. 
Jeremy  Mansur,  the  famed  ax  maker,  settled  in  Salisbury. 
There  were  few  of  the  old  settlers  who  were  not  supplied  by 
him  with  that  indispensable  article,  of  a  superior  quality. 

A  Tannery,  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  in  the  township, 
was  established  by  Robert  Galbraith,  three  miles  north  trom 
Centerville.     John  Lewis  built  one  in  town  about  1818. 

Town  of  Centerville. 

This  is  the  oldest  town  in  the   county  of  Wayne.     The 

ground  was  a  donation  from  Israel  Elliott  and  Ethan  A. 

Stone,  of  Cincinnati.     It  was  laid  out  by  the  trustees,  Isaac 

Julian,  Joseph   Ilolman,  and   Wm.    Harvey.     The   survey. 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  167 

made  by  Henry  Bryan,  is  dated  October  20,  1814,  and  certi- 
fied by  the  trustees,  Jan.  2,  1815.  Additions  were  made  to 
the  plat,  as  follows:  By  Joseph  Evans,  March,  1818;  by  Lot 
Pugh,  Micajah  T.  Williams,  and  Arthur  Henrie,  June  1, 1818; 
by  Vm.  Sumner,  Jan.  21,  1810;  by  Wni.  M.  Douo-hty  and 
"Wm.  Elliott,  Dec.  14,  1830;  by  Israel  Al)rahams,  Dec,  1833. 
The  cemetery  was  laid  out  by  the  trustees  in  ^Nlay,  1849. 
Certain  lots  were  specially  a})pro[>riated  for  the  burial  of  col- 
ored people. 

The  first  Innkeeper  in  Centerville  is  said  to  have  been 
Rachel  IS'eal.  Other  early  keepers  of  public  houses  were 
Wm.  V^aughan,  Levi  M.  Jones,  and  Samuel  Hannah.  The 
present  one  is  T.  L.  Howan,  proprietor  of  the  American 
House.  He  is  a  son  of  Henry  Rowan,  who,  since  1835,  was 
most  of  the  time  a  resident  of  Centerville,  until  his  death,  in 
1869. 

The  first  Blacksmith  in  Centerville  is,snpposed  to  have  been 
Isaac  Forkner.  Lewis  Burk,  now  of  Richmond,  and  Frederic 
Dillon,  came  soon  after. 

Edward  Benbo,  Daniel  Lantz,  and  Wm.  Hill  were  early 
Wagon-makers.  The  present  is  John  Lantz.  Carriage-maker, 
John  Ilouck. 

Jacob  X.  Booker  was  probably  the  first  Hatter.  George 
Troxell  and  Wm.  Widup  also  were  early  hatters.  There 
was  in  those  daj's  in  almost  every  liamlet  a  hatter,  who  sup- 
plied the  inliabitants  as  generally  Avith  hats  of  his  own  man- 
ufacture as  the  cooper,  or  the  wagon-maker,  or  the  calii net- 
maker  did  with  his  fabrics.  Few  hats  were  seen  in  country 
stores  except  such  as  had  been  taken  of  the  village  hatter  in 
exchange  for  store  goods.  Men's  and  boys'  hats  for  common 
wear  were  made  of  wool.  For  "  Sunday  wear,"  the  wool 
bodies  were  covered  with  fur,  and  resendjled  the  silk  hats  of 
the  present  time. 

Earl}'  Cabinet-makers  were  Iliatt,  Wm.  L.  Reynolds, 

Hiram  E.  Ilurlbut. 

JMartin  Ilornish  and  John  Chapman  were,  perhaps,  the  first 
Shoemakers.  Those  at  present  engaged  in  the  making  and 
sale  of  boots  and  shoes  in  this  town,  are  Alfred  Lashly,  Scott 
&  Strayer,  James  Kirk. 


168  HISTORY   OF   WATXE    COUNTY. 

The  first  Tailor  was  Charles  F.  Reed,  and  after  him  were 
John  E.  Dunham,  Matthew  W.  Jack,  Wm.  B.  Hornish. 

Early  Carpenters  were  Jesse  Willetts,  Jacob  Hornish. 

The  first  Merchant  in  Centerville  who  kept  a  considerable 
stock  and  general  assortment  of  goods,  is  said  to  have  been 
Samuel  P.  Booker.  He  had,  however,  been  preceded  by 
Lawrence  H.  Branuon  and  Caleb  Lewis,  in  partnership,  with  a 
small  lot,  to  supply  the  more  pressing  needs  of  the  early  in- 
habitants. Next  to  Booker  was  James  Blair,  in  1823,  and  soon 
after,  Israel  Abrahams,  from  Washington  township,  in  which 
he  had  kept  the  first  store,  about  three  miles  east  of  Milton. 
Among  those  who  came  within  a  few  years  afterward  were 
Isaac  Burbank,  about  1824,  Richard  Cheeseman,Lot  Bloom- 
field,  Thomas  Commons,  and  Jesse  Williams.  The  follow- 
ing named  persons  are  known  to  have  traded  here  in  the 
years  mentioned,  some  of  them,  perhaps,  earlier  as  well  as 
later :  In  1838,  Myers  Seaton,  Snyder  &  Adams,  Jacob  Fisher, 
A.  W.  Ray  &  Co.  In  1839,  Holman  &  Ray,  Hannah  &  New- 
man. In  1840,  J.  &  H.  Purviance  &  Co.,  Isaac  Burbank.  In 
1841,  Elmer  &  Forkner,  Wm.  B.  Hornish,  Richard  H.  Swain. 
In  1844,  Wm.  Arnold.  Present  merchants:  Dry  Goods — 
Isaac  Burbank,  James  Forkner,  Wm.  S.  T.  Morton,  John  B. 
Vauaernam,  Samuel  C.  Doughty.  Grocers — Henry  C.  Lee- 
son,    C.    Failor  &  Co.,  Michael   L.   Hornish, Bowers, 

Fletcher  Medaris.  Druggists — Pritchett  &  Dickey,  John  E. 
Pugh. 

The  first  Physician  residing  in  Centerville  was  David  F. 
Sacket,  from  Salisbury,  where  he  had  also  served  the  county 
as  recorder.  Next  came  Dr.  Ira  Pier,  after  whom,  Drs.  John 
C.  Cruise,  Wm.  Pugh,  Isaac  V.  Dorsey,  John  Pritchett,  and 
others.  Present  physicians — John  Pritchett,  Wm.  Dickey, 
Wm.  F.  King,  Calvin  Wood,  John  Cleveland. 

The  first  Lawyer  is  supposed  to  have  been  Bethuel  Morris, 
from  Virginia,  in  1818  or  1819.  He  removed  to  Indianapo- 
lis; was  for  many  years  a  circuit  judge,  and  the  president  of 
a  bank.     He  died  there  at  an  advanced  age. 

James  Rariden  commenced  practice  in  Centerville  about 
the  year  1820,  and  continued  it  there  about  fifteen  years. 
Cyrus  Finch,  from  about  1824,  and  died  there  about  1828. 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  169 

Martin  ]M.  JHnj  came  in  1827;  was  a  good  lawyer,  removed 
to  Indianapolis,  Avliere  he  died.  John  S.  iSTewman  com- 
menced practice  in  1828;  removed  to  Indianapolis  in  1860, 
where  he  now  resides.  John  13.  Stitt  practiced  here  several 
years,  removed  west,  and  died  abont  a  year  ago. 

Charles  H.  Test  came  to  Centerville  in  1838 ;  now  resides 
at  Indianapolis.  Jacob  B.  Jnlian  commenced  in  1839. 
George  W.  Jnlian  was  admitted  in  1811.  Jesse  P.  Siddall 
commenced  practice  at  Centerville  in  1842  or  1843,  and  was 
for  many  years  a  law  partner  of  John  S.  Newman.  Michael 
Wilson  commenced  practice  here  in  1842.  Thomas  Means 
in  1843.  Present  practicing  lawyers — Jacob  B.  Jmian,  Mi- 
chael Wilson,  AVm.  A.   Peele,  John   F.  Jnlian,  Thomas  J. 

Stndy,  S.  C.  Whit^sell,  John  L.  Rnpe,  Henry  C.  Fox, 

Walker. 

The  First  National  Bank  of  Centerville  was  established  in 
1863.  Its  stockholders  were  Jacob  B.  Jnlian,  Oliver  T. 
Jones,  Joseph  W.  Jackson,  David  Commons,  Joshna  Elia- 
son,  Jesse  Cates,  Jeremiah  W.  Swaftbrd,  Wm.  Cnlbertson, 
Alexander  Cheeseman,  Jos.  C.  EatlifF,  Philip  Jenkins,  James 
Forkner,  George  W.  Julian,  and  otliers.  Oliver  T.  el  ones  was 
chosen  President;  Benj.  L.  Martin,  Cashier.  The  latter  de- 
clined, and  J.  P.  Sontluird  was  elected.  After  a  fcAv  months, 
Jacob  B.  Jnlian  was  elected  President,  and  Oliver  T.  Jones, 
Cashier.  Since  then  no  change  has  been  made  in  its  officers. 
Its  capital  is  $100,000. 

The  3Iacldne  Shop  and  Saw-mill  in  Centerville  was  bnilt  l)y 
Wharton  L^-man,  ISTorris  Jones,  and  others,  abont  the  year 
185-.     It  is  now  owned  by Fulghum. 

The  Enejine  House  and  Town  Hall  building  was  erected  in 
1858,  by  J^^orris  Jones,  who  also  built  the  Odd  Fellows'  buihl- 
ing  the  same  year.  Perhaps  no  man  has  done  more  to  im- 
prove the  place  than  Mr.  Jones. 

The  history  of  Neivspapers  published  at  Centerville,  as 
given  in  preceding  pages,  was  condensed  from  a  sketch  in 
the  True  Republican  of  jSTov.  12,  1863,  and  terminated  with 
the  discontinuance  of  the  Wayne  County  Chronicle  in  1864, 
and  the  removal  of  the  pregs  and  types  to  Cambridge.  Since 
the  sheets  containing  that  history  passed  through  the  press, 


170  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

the  following  supplement  has  been  received,  which  is  not  in- 
appropriately inserted  in  this  place  : 

In  1866,  John  and  James  Bromagem  commenced  The 
Union  in  Centerville,  and  published  it  about  one  year.     In 

1869,  Charles  W.  Stevens  established  The  Republican,  and 
continued  its  publication  about  six  months.  And  the  first  of 
July,  1871,  R.J.  Strickland  revived  the  Wayne  County  Chron- 
icle, which  is  still  published  by  him  at  Centerville. 

The  present  Fuhlic  School-house  yvas  built  in  pursuance  of  an 
act  of  the  legislature,  which  authorized  the  establishment  of 
a  County  Seminary  hi  each  county,  the  cost  of  the  building  to 
be  paid  from  the  fines  collected  therein.  In  1827  or  1828, 
the  west  wing  was  built;  in  1841  or  1842,  the  east  wing; 
and  about  the  3'ear  1851,  the  main  building.  In  pursuance 
of  a  law  under  the  new  constitution,  the  county  seminary 
buildings  throughout  the  state  were  soM,  and  the  proceeds 
put  into  the  school  fund.  In  1853,  the  buildings  were 
bought  by  the  Methodists,  who  established  a  school  under 
the  name   of  Whitewater  College,  which  was  kept  up  until 

1870,  when  the  building  was  sold  to  the  school  trustees,  and 
is  now  the  public  school-house.  The  present  principal  of 
the  school  is  Edgar  A.  Browji. 

The  first  Religious  Society  in  the  township  was  that  of  the 
Friends,  who,  in  1815,  organized  the  West  Grove  meeting, 
about  3  miles  north-west  from  Centerville,  and  built  a  log 
meeting-house.  The  society,  at  its  organization,  was  com- 
posed of  the  families  of  Robert  Commons,  Wm.  Hastings, 
James  Townsend,  Benj.  Maudlin,  Jacob  Griffin,  Wm.  Harvey, 
Axuni  Elliott,  Obed  Barnard,  and  perhaps  Edward  Benbo. 
It  was  named  by  Robert  Commons,  West  Grove,  that  being 
the  name  of  the  place  where  he  had  resided  in  Pennsylvania. 
They  met  in  the  woods  at  the  place  selected  for  the  meeting- 
house. The  following  named  persons  were  also  early  mem- 
bers, some  of  them,  perhaps,  at  the  time  of  the  organization : 
Abraham  and  Joseph  Cook,  Jehu  Wickersham,  John  Max- 
well, John  Brumfield,  John  Copeland,  John  Harvey,  Robert 
Harvey,  Charles  Canaday,  George  Russell,  Nathan  Overman. 
Among  their  early  preachers  were  Jesse  Bond,  Hannah 
Baldwin,  and  Daniel  WiUiams,  who  is  still  living  in  Clay. 
This  meeting  has  been  continued  until  the  present  time. 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  171 

A  Baptist  Church  is  said  to  have  been  formed  early  al)out 
3  miles  north  of  Centerville.  Early  members  were  Isaac 
Cotton,  Samuel  Taylor,  preachers  ;  John  Stigleman,  Joshua 
Eliason,  Ivichard  Cheeseman,  Isaac  Yoorhees,  and  others.  It 
lono- since  ceased  to  exist. 

The  Methodist  Ejnscojml  Church  of  Centerville  was  formed 
in  1822.  In  the  absence  of  early  records  of  the  society,  re- 
course could  be  had  only  to  the  memorj^  of  its  early  mem- 
bers, a  fcAV  of  whom  are  still  living.  Among-  the  members 
wlio  joined  at  or  near  the  year  of  its  orgtmization,  were 
Israel  Abrahams,  Elisha  King,  Edward  K.  Hart,  and  their 
wives,  Mrs.  Hart,  Samuel  King,  Margaret  Ringo,  John  Scott 
and  wife.  Within  a  few  years  after,  Mrs.  Therese  Einch,  Al- 
fred Carter  and  Ephraim  J.  Merritt  and  tlieir  wives,  Mary 
Merritt,  mother  of  Ephraim,  and  Elizabeth  Hart.  The  first 
preachers  are  said  to  have  been  Russell  Bigelow,  George 
Gatch,  John  Strange,  and  James  Havens.  Their  first  meet- 
ings were  held  in  the  dwelling  of  the  late  Israel  Abrahams, 
nearly  opposite  the  Bank.  In  1828,  they  built  a  frame  meet- 
ing-house north  of  the  present  jail.  Their  brick  house  was 
built  in  1842. 

A  llethodist  Episcopal  Church  was  formed  some  twenty-five 
or  more  years  ago,  aljout  3i  miles  north  of  Centerville,  at 
the  present  Centerville  Crossing,  on  the  railroad.  The  par- 
ticulars of  its  history  have  not  been  obtained.  There  is  near 
it  a  camp  ground,  on  which  meetings  have  been  held  for  many 
successive  years. 

The  Cumberland  Presbyterian  Church  was  organized  in  De- 
cember, 1S42,  Rev.  Le  Roy  Woods  present  and  ofliciating. 
Members  uniting  were  John  E.  Stitt,  James  AYoods,  Eliza  A. 
Bolander,  Sarah  Garthwaite,  James  II.  and  Susan  Hudson, 
Henry  Brown,  A.  F.  Dunham,  Francis  Smith,  E.  C.  Seaton, 
Mary  Stitt.  A  little  later,  Elizabeth  Burbank,  Margaret 
Meredith,  Wm.  B.  and  Charlotte  Hornish,  David  and  Sarah 
Dinwiddle,  Wm.  and  Martha  McCord,  Adam  and  Eve  Trum- 
bull. For  about  a  year  the  church  had  onlj^  occasional  serv- 
ice, which  was  held  in  the  Methodist  house.  In  1849,  their 
present  house  of  worship  was  built,  ^under  the  superintend- 


172  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

ence  of  E.  McCord,  Wm.  McCord,  Adam  Trumbull,  David 
Dinwiddle,  Wm.  Bolander,  trustees.  Le  Roy  Woods  was 
their  minister  for  several  years,  and  was  succeeded  by 
Elam  McCord.  Rev.  Felix  G.  Black  became  their  minister 
in  1854;  Charles  Bond,  March,  1866;  Henry  D.  Onyett,  the 
present  pastor,  April,  1867.  Present  elders — Wm.  McCord, 
Adam  Trumbull,  ]^orris  Jones.  A  Sabbath-school  is  con- 
nected with  the  church,  superintended  by  the  pastor. 

The  Christian  Church  was  organized  about  the  year  1832. 
A  Baptist  church  had  existed  as  early,  probably,  as  1820, 
among  whose  members  were  Jesse  Thomas,  Henry  Shoe- 
maker, and  others,  and  had  commenced  the  building  of  a 
house  of  worship  in  the  north  part  of  the  town.  On  the  organ- 
ization of  the  Christian  church,  the  Baptists  gave  up  theirs, 
and  most  of  them  joined  the  Christians,  who  proceeded  to 
finish  the  house,  which  they  still  occupy.  Their  minister  at 
that  time  was  Daniel  Winder.     They  have  since  then  been 

served  by Yan  Buskirk,  Samuel  K.  Hoshour,  and  others. 

Among  their  early  members  were  Joshua  Eliason,  Jesse 
Thomas,  Jehiel  Lampson,  Judith  King,  John  Winder. 

The  Presbyterian  Church  of  Centerville  was  organized  April 
14, 1866.  Present,  Rev.  James  A.  McKee,  moderator,  and  Rev. 
L.  W.  Chapman;  A.  Samson,  clerk.  Members — John  Mc- 
Earland  and  Ann,  his  wife,  Wharton  Lyman  and  Ann  jNI., 
his  wife,  Caroline  Dickey,  Jane  Rowan,  Kate  Johnson, 
John  M.  Coyner,  elder,  and  Mary  W.,his  wife,  Louisa  A.  Cun- 
ningham, Jane  Doughty,  Samuel  Wilson,  and  Mary,  his  wife, 
M.  Wilson,  Elizabeth  Young,  Elizabeth  Heuston.  John 
McFarland  and  John  M.  Coyner  were  chosen  elders  ;  Whar- 
ton Lyman,  deacon.  Services  were  on  this  occasion  held  in 
Snider  Hall. 

In  May,  1866,  Rev.  Faunt  Le  Roy  Senour  was  called  as 
pastor  of  the  church,  and  a  Sabbath-school  was  organized ; 

John   M.    Coyner   chosen    superintendent;   Coggsliall, 

assistant  superintendent;  S.  A.  Wilson,  secretary.  In  June, 
Snider  Hall  was  rented  for  a  place  of  w^orship  for  one  year. 
The  trustees  of  the  society  were  John  McFarland,  F.  Y.  Sni- 
der, Nimrod  Johnson,  Thomas  Heuston,  and  the  minister, 
who  is  a  trustee,  cx-officio.     In  1869,  T.  J .  was  elected  in 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  173 

tlio  place  of  Judge  Johnson,  deceased.  In  1868,  their  brick 
church  edifice  was  built.  In  October,  1867,  Samuel  Potter 
and  John  Smith  were  chosen  elders.  Mr.  Senour,  after  a 
pastorate  of  two  years,  was  succeeded  by  Rev.  S.  S.  Potter,  for 
alxnit  two  years ;  and  in  May,  1870,  Pev.  Eben  Muse,  the  pres- 
ent minister,  commenced  his  labors. 

Hosier  Lodge,  No.  23, 1.  0.  O.  F.,  was  organized  August  15, 
1845.  Its  charter  members  were  Francis  King,  Daniel  Lantz, 
Lazarus  ISToble,  Israel  Hannah,  Enoch  P.  Justice,  Milton  Iliatt, 
Jason  Ham.  Its  present  ofhcers  are  John  Pritchett,  N.  G. ; 
Henry  D.  Onyett,  Y.  G. ;  Henry  B.  Leesou,  Eec.  Sec. ;  Adam 
Trumbull,  Per.  Sec;  Jonathan  R.  Whitacre,  Treas. 

Hiram  Lodge,  JVo.  42,  (Masonic,)  was  organized  May,  1847. 
Its  charter  members  are  not  now  known.  Its  officers  were 
Francis  King,  W.  M. ;  Samuel  Boyd,  S.  W. ;  Martin  M.  Pay, 
J.  W. ;  John  Pritchett,  Sec. 

This  lodge  was  reorganized  June  16,  1870,  and  is  now 
Hiram  Lodge,  No.  417.  Its  officers  are  Joseph  C.  PatliiF,  W. 
M. ;  Wm.  Dickey,  S.  W.;  Elihu  M.  Parker,  J.  W. ;  John 
Pritchett,  Sec. ;  Wm.  A.  Cliance,  Treas.  Its  charter  members 
were  Joseph  C.  Ratliff,  Wm.  Dickey,  EHhu  M.  Parker, 
Calvin  J.  Woods,  Morgan  McCoy,  John  F.  Julian,  John  F. 
Kibbey,  John  Pritchett. 

Biographical  and  Genealogical. 

Lot  Bloomfield,  a  lawyer,  commenced  practice  in  Center- 
ville  in  1820.  He  was  a  good  scholar,  well  read  in  general 
literature,  and  a  man  of  fine  mind,  but  was  unsuccessful  at  the 
bar,  withdrew  from  practice  in  a  few  years,  and  engaged  in 
mercantile  pursuits,  in  which  he  was  very  successful.  He  died 
many  years  ago  in  Indianapolis. 

Samuel  P.  Booker,  a  native  of  Winchester,  Virginia,  was, 
as  has  been  stated,  one  of  the  first  merchants  in  Centerville, 
where  he  commenced  business  in  1818  or  1819.  He  is  rep- 
resented as  a  man  of  fine  personal  appearance,  of  pleasing 
manners,  and  a  shrewd  business  man.  He  was  successful  in 
business,  dying  the  wealthiest  man  of  his  day  in  the  county. 
He  died  July  19,  1823,  the  day  on  which  he  was  44  years  of 


174  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

age.  His  funeral  was  largely  attended,  being  the  first  Masonic 
burial  in  the  county;  Joseph  Holraan  officiating. 

Henry  Bryan  was  born  on  the  Brandywine,  near  "Wilming- 
ton, Delaware.  When  young,  he  removed  with  his  parents  to 
Beaver  county,  Pennsylvania;  and  thence  he  removed  in  1811 
to  the  farm  on  which  he  died,  two  miles  south-west  of  Center- 
ville.  He  was  a  high-toned  gentleman,  a  tine  scholar,  and 
held  the  office  of  county  surveyor,  from  its  creation  to  the 
time  of  his  death,  in  the  spring  of  1835.  His  widow  yet  sur- 
vives. 

Stephen  Comer,  from  ISTorth  Carolina,  settled,  first,  two 
miles  and  a  half  north-east  from  Richmond,  and  soon  after  in 
Center,  near  Dover.  During  the  Indian  troubles,  he  fled  to  the 
vicinity  of  Richmond,  and  returned  to  his  farm  after  the  paci- 
fi.cation  of  the  Indians,  where  he  died  in  1850,  and  where  his 
son  William  resides.  His  children  were  John,  William,  Joseph, 
James,  Rebecca,  Stephen,  and  Mary.  John  married  Elizabeth 
C.  Teagle  in  1823,  and  lived  in  Green,  about  a  mile  from 
Dover,  where  he  died  about  the  year  1838.  His  children  are 
Mary  Ann;  William,  living  in  Richmond;  Joseph,  manufac- 
turer of  cutlery,  one  mile  north  of  Richmond ;  John,  who  re- 
sides in  Green  ;  and  Elizabeth. 

Robert  CoMxMONs  was  boril  in  Ireland  in  1748,  and  removed 
in  infancy  with  his  father's  family  to  Chester  county,  Pennsyl- 
vania. He  was  married  to  Ruth  Hayes,  and  removed  to  West- 
ern Virginia  in  1792,  and  thence,  in  1812,  to  this  township,  a 
mile  and  a  half  north-west  from  Centerville,  where  he  resided 
until  his  death,  December  19,  1837,  aged  89  years.  He  had 
nine  children:  1.  Lydia,  who  married  Adam  Davis  in  Vir- 
ginia; removed  to  North  Carolina,  and  thence,  in  1811,  to 
Washington  county,  Indiana,  and  finally  to  Mercer  county, 
Illinois.  2.  Fhebe,  who  married  Jesse  Bond.  [Sk.]  3.  Isaac, 
who  came  to  Whitewater  in  1807 ;  married  Mary,  daughter  of 
John  Townsend,  and  in  1810  settled  seven  miles  north  of  Rich- 
mond, now  in  Franklin  township.  His  children  were  Jonathan, 
who  married  a  Miss  Moore,  and  died  near  his  father's.  Han- 
nah, wife  of  Samuel  Nicholson,  in  Franklin  township.  John, 
married,  and  now  resides  in  Union  City.  Lydia,  wife  of 
Daniel  Kitselman,  Wayne  township.     Robert,  who  married 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  175 

Elizabetli  Cook,  Wayne  townsliip.  Elvira,  died  unmarried. 
Jose[)li,  married,  and  is  decensed.  Isaac,  who  is  married,  and 
resides  in  Riclimond.  4.  WlUidm,  son  of  Robert,  Sen.,  mar- 
ried Sarah  Brady.  [Sk.]  5.  Jo//>Miuirried  Elizabeth  Mote,  of 
Ohio,  and  resides  at  Drakesville,  Wapello  county,  Iowa.  6. 
Ezekid,  who  married.  Sarah  Julian,  and  had  three  sons  and 
three  daughters.     Jesse,  the  only  son  living,  is  in  Rush  coanty. 

Lj'dia,  wife  of Hulett,  her  third  husband,  lives  in  Rush 

county.  Elbina,  wife  of  Allen  Hatfield,  lives  in  Hancock 
county.  The  other  daughter  deceased.  Ezekiel  Commons 
died  in  18-31.  7.  Hannah  married  Greenbury  Cornelius  in 
Virginia;  both  died  in  Center,  in  1824.  They  had  two  sons: 
George,  who  lives  in  Tipton  county  ;  David,  in  ]\Iadison  county. 
8.  Nathan,  who  married  Martha,  daughter  of  Patrick  Beard. 
Their  children,  Enos  and  Hannah,  reside  in  Mississippi.  9. 
David,  who  I'csides  in  the  township.     [Sk.] 

William  Commons,  a  son  of  Robert,  was  born  in  Virginia, 
August  30,  1786,  and  came  to  Whitewater  about  1810.  He 
married  Sarah  Brady  in  1815,  and  settled  a  mile  and  a  half 
north-west  from  Centerville,  and  in  1823,  one  mile  north  of 
town,  where  now  Oliver  T.  Jones  resides.  He  built  the  first 
court-house  and  jail,  (both  of  logs,)  at  Salisbury,  and  after- 
ward, at  Centerville,  the  first  jail  [log]  and  the  present  court- 
house. He  was  esteemed  for  his  moral  worth ;  was  a  friend 
to  tlje  poor,  and  ever  ready  to  contribute  to  their  relief.  He 
died  May  23,  1848.  His  wife  died  May  24,  1863.  They  had 
six  sons  and  six  daughters  :  1.  Ruth,  who  married  Lewis  Jones, 
a  farmer  and  horticulturist.  2.  David  B.,  who  died  in  Kansas. 
3.  llebecca,  who  married,  first,  Wm.  Beverlin,  second,  Isaac 
Lewis,  and  lives  at  Rockville,  Parke  count}'.  4,  5.  Reason  and 
Charity,  twins.  Reason  married  Mary  Woods,  and  removed  to 
Iowa.  He  and  his  son  Henry  were  in  the  late  war.  Henry 
died  of  sickness  in  camp;  his  father,  also  sick,  died  at  Louis- 
ville, Kentucky,  on  his  way  homeward.  Charity  married,  first, 
John  Wolf,  who  died  in  Hancock  county;  second,  Simpson 
Chandler,  and  died  in  the  same  county.  6.  Eliza,  who  married 
Washington  Henderson,  who  died  in  the  township.  7.  Ellen, 
who  married  Joseph  P.  Boyd,  and  lives  in  Mercer  county, 
Illinois.     8.  iVa^/ian, went  to  California;  unmarried;  not  lately 


176  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

heard  from — probably  not  living.  9.  -Ro6er^,  married,  removed 
to  Iowa;  now  resides  in  California.  10,  Francena,  who  mar- 
ried, first,  Mallory  Norman;  second,  George  Blackleacb,  and 
died  in  the  township.  11.  Washington,  died  in  infanc3^  12. 
Isaac,  married  Martha  A.  Jones,  and  resides  at  Anderson. 

David  Commons,  the  youngest  son  of  Kobert  Commons,  was 
born  in  Western  Virginia,  July  18,  1800,  and  came  with  his 
father  to  this  township  in  1812.  He  was  married  in  1824  to 
Rachel  Mote,  and  had  by  her  two  sons:  1.  John,  who  mar- 
ried Eliza  Jane,  daughter  of  John  Boyd,  and  has  a  son  and 
three  daughters.  He  is  secretary  of  Gov.  Baker,  at  Indianap- 
olis. 2.  Fhilij)  S.,  w4io  married  Hannah  Ann,  daughter  of 
John  Maxwell,  and  lives  in  Vermillion  county,  Illinois.  Mrs. 
Commons  died  in  1827.  Mr.  C.  married,  second,  Bethana  Car- 
ter, and  had  by  her  five  sons  and  two  daughters  :  1.  Sarah 
Ann,  who  married  Thomas  Jordan,  merchant  in  Indianapolis, 
where  she  died.  2.  William,  who  died  at  19.  3.  Isaac  L., 
who  married  Martha,  daughter  of  John  Boyd,  and  resides  at 
Milton.  4.  Robert  D.,  who  served  three  years  in  the  late  war 
in  the  Eighth  Regiment  Indiana  Volunteers.  He  married 
Olive  Jane  Harvey,  and  lives  near  his  father.  5.  Joseph  A., 
married  Amanda  Beeson,  and  lives  three  miles  north  of  Cen- 
terville.  6.  Mary  E.,  w^ife  of  Ira  Izor,  and  lives  in  the  town- 
ship. 7.  TFrt^^fr  >S'.,  unmarried,  at  home.  Mr.  Commons  has 
held  the  offices  of  township  trustee  and  of  county  commis- 
sioner ;  and  was  elected  in  1847  and  again  in  1848,  as  a  repre- 
sentative in  the  legislature.  In  1838,  after  the  death  of  his 
father,  he  removed  to  the  farm  he  had  owned  for  many  years, 
and  on  which  he  now  resides. 

William  Crawford  was  born  near  Belfast,  Ireland,  about 
the  year  1745.  Before  he  had  arrived  at  man's  estate  he  sailed 
for  America,  leaving  a  large  prospective  inheritance,  w^hich 
he  forfeited  by  joining  the  Colonial  army,  to  which  he  was 
attached  during  the  entire  Revolutionary  struggle.  He  was 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Bunker  Hill,  being  stabbed  in  the 
shoulder  in  the  hand  to  hand  fight  which  followed  the  giving 
out  of  the  ammunition  of  the  Colonial  army.  He  was  in 
Lafayette's  command  a  great  part  of  his  time;  and  on  ac- 


hcyl/-i.^c^^   -^C^'ii^^^^^c^-^-^' 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  177 

count  of  his  activity  and  physical  strength,  as  well  as  his 
courage,  he  was  selected  as  the  hearer  of  messages  and  the 
performer  of  dangerous  excursions.  He  was  an  early  set- 
tler, about  two  and  a  half  miles  south-west  from  Centerville, 
where  Richard  G.  Charman  resides.  He  died  December  30, 
1826,  and  was  buried  in  the  Bryan  grave-yard. 

Joshua  Eliason  was  born  in  Delaware,  and  was  married  to 
Christina  Hucall.  He  removed  to  this  county  with  his  fam- 
ily, and  settled  where  Thomas  Eliason  now  lives.  He  had 
by  his  first  wife  six  children :  "William,  Joshua,  Levi,  Lj'dia, 
Kitty,  and  Betsey  Ann.  After  the  death  of  his  first  wife  he 
married  in  Center,  Patsey  Smithson,  and  had  by  her  five 
children  :  Ebeuezer,  Andrew,  John,  Henry  C,  and  Thomas 
Clayton,  who  lives  on  the  homestead,  near  the  raih'oad. 
Four  of  the  sons  of  Joshua  Eliason  married  and  settled  in 
the  township:  1.  lF«7^i(2?»,  who  married  Harriet  McCollister, 
and  settled  where  he  now  lives.  His  children  are,  Levi,  who 
lives  in  Iowa;  James  C,  south  of  his  father;  John  M.,  north- 
east of  his  father  ;  Andrew  J.,  near  his  father,  north;  ALirtin 
v.,  south  of  Centerville ;  Joshua,  west  of  his  father ;  AYm. 
C,  with  his  father.  Daughters:  Mary  Ann,  who  married 
Joseph  Eperly,  and  moved  to  Iowa ;  Betsey  Ann,  who  mar- 
ried Wm.  King,  of  Crawfordsville ;  Sarah  Ann,  who  mar- 
ried Elijah  iv.  Harvey.  2.  Joshua,  brother  of  "William,  mar- 
ried Lucinda  King,  lives  a  mile  east  of  Centerville,  and  has 
a  daughter  who  married  James  Seatou,  and  lives  in  Indianap- 
olis. 3.  Levi,  also  a  brother  of  William,  married  Sarah  Smith- 
sou,  and  had  two  daughters  ;  the  first  married  Joseph  J. 
King;  the  second,  Thomas  Myers,  who  served  in  the  war,  and 
lost  an  arm.  4.  Thomas  Clayton,  the  youngest  of  the  brothers, 
is  married,  and  lives  ou  the  homestead. 

Cyrus  Finch  was  an  early  and  promising  lawyer  in  Cen- 
terville. He  was  a  man  of  good  character,  and  popular,  and 
is  well  remembered  by  many  of  the  old  inhabitants.  He  died 
at  an  early  age.  He  was  married  to  Therese  A.  Booker,  sis- 
ter of  Jacob  N.  and  Samuel  P.  Booker,  who,  after  the  death 
of  her  husband,  married  Wm.  Widup,  who  also  died.  She 
still  survives,  at  the  age  of  nearly  73  years. 


178  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Abner  Haines  commenced  tlie  practice  of  law  in  Center- 
ville  in  1831,  and  continued  in  it  till  1838,  wlien  he  removed 
to  Eaton,  Ohio,  where  he  now  lives.  Judge  Haines  was  a 
fair  lawyer,  and  enjoys  the  confidence  and  esteem  of  his  fel- 
low-citizens. 

Samuel  Hannah  was  born  Dec.  1,  1789,  in  the  state  of  Del- 
aware. At  the  age  of  six  years  he  removed  with  his  father's 
family  to  Brownsville,  Fayette  county,  Pennsylvania,  on  the 
Monongahela  river,  thirty  miles  above  Pittsburgh.  He  was 
married  July  11,  1811,  to  Eleanor  Bishop,  who  died  Sept. 
26,  1864.  In  the  spring  of  1815,  with  his  wife  and  two  chil- 
dren, he  went  in  a  flat-boat  to  Cincinnati,  and  thence  by 
wagons  to  Warren  county,  Ohio,  where  he  taught  school  two 
years.  In  1817  he  settled  in  the  woods,  in  what  is  now  the 
township  of  "Washington.  His  cabin  was  one  of  the  rudest 
of  the  rude,  being  for  a  time  a  mere  shelter,  without  a  door 
or  chimney.  In  Dec,  1823,  having  been  elected  Sheriff  of 
Wayne  county,  he  removed  from  his  farm  to  Ceuterville,  the 
county  seat.  Belonging  to  the  society  of  Friends,  and  con- 
scientiously opposed  to  the  collection  of  fines  for  refusing  to  do 
military  duty,  he  resigned  his  ofiSce  in  the  spring  of  1825.  In 
August  following  he  was  elected  as  a  representative  in  the 
legislature.  He  declined  a  re-election,  but  was  in  1826  elected 
a  justice  of  the  peace,  which  office  he  held  about  four  years. 
The  county  business  being  then  done  by  the  Board  of  Jus- 
tices, he  was  chosen  and  continued  President  of  the  Board 
until  1829,  when  the  Board  of  County  Commissioners  was 
restored.  He  was  appointed  Postmaster  at  Centerville  under 
the  administration  of  John  Quincy  Adams,  and  held  the 
office  until  removed  under  that  of  President  Jackson,  in  1829. 
He  was  one  of  the  three  commissioners  appointed  by  the 
legislature  to  locate  the  Michigan  road  from  the  Ohio  river 
to  the  Lake,  and  to  select  the  lands  secured  to  the  state  by  a 
treaty  with  the  Indians,  held  on  the  upper  Wabash  in  1826. 
In  1830  he  was  elected  Clerk  of  Wayne  county,  and  served 
seven  years.  In  1843  he  was  again  elected  to  the  legisla- 
ture. In  December,  1846,  he  was  elected  by  the  legislature 
Treasurer  of  State,  and  served  three  years.     On  his  election 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  179 

he  removed  to  Inclianapolis,  where  he  resided  until  liis  death, 
with  the  exception  of  a  residence  of  about  two  years  at  Ceu- 
terville,  during  the  construction  of  the  Indiana  Central  rail- 
way. In  March,  1851,  he  was  chosen  first  President  of  the 
company,  but  resigned  in  July  folloAving.  He  was  the  same 
summer  elected  Treasurer  of  the  Indianapolis  and  Belle- 
fontaine  Railroad  Company.  In  May,  1852,  he  accepted  the 
ofiice  of  Treasurer  of  the  Indiana  Central  Railway  Company, 
and  held  the  office  until  January,  1864,  when  he  retired  from 
active  life.     He  died  Sept.  8,  1869,  aged  nearly  80  years. 

Joseph  Holman,  son  of  George  Holnian,  was  born  in  Wood- 
ford county,  Kentucky,  October  1,  1788,  and  removed  with  his 
father  to  the  Whitewater  country,  two  miles  south  of  where 
Richmond  now  stands.  He  married,  November  22,  1810, 
Lydia  Overman,  daughter  of  Ephraim  Overman,  who  was  born 
June  13, 1792.  He  settled  half  a  mile  from  the  present  town  of 
Boston,  and,  in  March,  1812,  three  miles  north  of  Centerville,  on 
Poland's  Fork.  In  1814,  he  was  a  candidate  for  the  territorial 
legislature.  Voting  being  done  viva  voce,  and  it  being  known 
that  there  was  a  tie,  his  rival,  Joseph  Brown,  voted  for  himself, 
and  Holman,  refusing  to  vote  for  himself,  lost  the  election. 
Brown  died  at  Corydon  before  the  close  of  the  first  session, 
and,  in  1815,  Holman  was  chosen  to  fill  the  vacancy.  At  the 
next  session,  [1815-16,]  Congress,  in  response  to  a  memorial  of 
the  territorial  legislature,  authorized  the  calling  of  a  conven- 
tion to  form  a  state  constitution  with  a  view  to  the  admission 
of  Indiana  as  a  state  into  the  Union.  Gov.  Harrison  ordered 
an  election  for  the  choice  of  delegates,  and  Joseph  Holman, 
Patrick  Beard,  Jeremiah  Cox,  and  Hugh  Cull  were  chosen. 
He  was,  the  same  year  or  the  next,  again  elected,  and  by  suc- 
cessive re-elections  continued  as  a  representave  in  the  legisla- 
ture, with  the  exception  of  one  year,  until  his  removal  to  Fort 
Wayne.  In  1823,  having  been  appointed  by  President  Mon- 
roe, Receiver  of  Moneys  at  the  new  land  office  at  Fort  Wayne, 
he  removed  thither,  and,  with  Capt.  Samuel  C.  Vance,  Register, 
opened  the  office  in  October.  He  held  the  office  of  Receiver 
about  six  years,  and  was  removed  by  President  Jackson.  Dur- 
ing a  part  of  this  time  he  was  a  partner  in  the  tanning,  mercan- 


180  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

tile,  and  pork  business.  In  1830,  while  at  Fort  Wayne,  he 
was  again  elected  to  the  legislature.  In  1833  he  removed  to 
Peru,  where  he  was  for  nine  years  engaged  in  farming.  In 
August,  1843,  at  the  solicitation  of  his  father,  who,  in  his  de- 
clining years,  desired  the  attention  of  one  of  his  children,  he 
removed  to  the  old  farm  of  his  father,  purchased  in  1804.  In 
1860,  the  year  after  his  father's  death,  he  removed  to  Center- 
ville,  where  he  now  resides. 

Joseph  and  Lydia  Holman  had  twelve  children.  Their 
names,  except  of  two  who  died  in  infancy,  are  as  follows : 
Polly,  who  married  Chauncey  Carter,  who  died  at  Logansport, 
a  county  auditor  or  treasurer.  Solomon,  who  married  Mary 
Forey,  of  Peru,  Ind.,  where  he  died.  He  had  been  assistant 
engineer  in  constructing  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal,  and  en- 
gineer of  the  Whitewater  Canal.  Patsey,  who  married  Isaac 
Marquiss,  of  Peru,  where  both  died,  leaving  eight  children,  of 
whom  Jacob  and  Isaac  died  in  the  late  war,  of  disease.  Ra- 
chel Jane,  who  married  Richard  Rue,  son  of  Henry  Rue. 
They  had  thirteen  children,  of  whom  six  or  seven  are  living. 

Elizabeth,  who  married   successively  Robert  James,  

Fisher,  and  Isaac  Marquiss,  and  is  also  dead.  Wm.  J.,  who 
married  Rebecca  Burk,  of  Indianapolis,  and  had  by  her  four 
children,  all  of  whom  and  their  mother  are  dead.  He  mar- 
ried, second,  Martha  Butler.  By  her  he  had  six  children,  two 
of  whom  died  at  Pike's  Peak.  She  also  died.  He  married, 
third,  Kate  White,  by  whom  he  had  four  children,  all  living. 
Sarah,  who  married  Plenry  James,  and  resides  in  Grant  county. 
He  has  been  twice  a  member  of  the  legislature,  and  is  a 
preacher  in  the  Christian  Church.  Rachel,  who  died  at  11. 
Margaretta  L.,  who  married  Samuel  Conner.  They  reside  in 
Texas,  and  have  five  children  living.  Joseph  George  Eph- 
raim,  who  married  Catharine  Morley,  of  Preble  county,  Ohio. 
They  have  six  children,  and  reside  near  Fort  Wayne. 

Levi  M.  Jones,  was  born  in  Kanawha  county,  Virginia,  Oc- 
tober 5,  1787,  and  was  married  to  Mary  Thomas  in  1807.  In 
1815  he  settled  in  Center  township,  about  a  mile  north  of 
Centerviile.  He  died  October  5,  1823;  his  wife,  March  12, 
1847 — both  in  Centerviile,  whither  they  removed  two  or  three 
years  after  they  settled  on  the  farm.     They  had  ten  children, 


CENTEK   TOWNSHIP.  181 

all  married.  1.  Lewis  married  Caroline  Leavel.  2.  Sarah 
married  Robert  Franklin.    3.  Oliver  T.  [Sk.]    4.  Norris  married 

Sarah  Jenkins.     5.  Harrison  married Bundy,  and  died 

in  1847.     6.  Rebecca  married  Daniel  Shank,  and  died   about 

five  years  ago.     7.  Washington  married Hunt,  daughter 

of  Smith  Hunt,  of  Abington  township.  8.  Eli  married  Anna 
Crow.  Washington  and  Eli  reside  at  Hecla,  Whitley  county, 
lud.  9.  Mary,  who  married  Stephen  Crow;  and  Levi,  who 
married  Matilda  Brown,  and  lives  in  Washington  township. 

Oliver  T.  Jones,  son  of  Levi  M.,  was  born  in  Virginia, 
September  19,  1810.  He  came  with  his  father  to  Centerville 
in  1815,  and  commenced  labor  at  an  early  age.  He  worked 
at  brick-making,  farming,  and  teaching,  about  seven  years, 
within  which  period  he  collected  state  and  county  revenues 
two  years.  From  1839  to  1844  he  served  as  justice  of  the 
peace,  and  was  during  the  same  period  county  examiner.  He 
then  removed  to  the  place  where  he  now  resides,  one  mile 
north  of  Centerville ;  and  was  for  several  years  township  treas- 
urer. He  has  followed  farming  many  years,  and  still  superin- 
tends the  business  of  the  farm.  In  1860  he  was  elected  to  the 
legislature  as  a  representative ;  re-elected  in  1862,  attended  an 
extra  session  in  June,  1863,  and  resigned.  In  the  ensuing  fall 
he  was  elected  a  county  commissioner,  an  important  office 
during  the  war,  which  office  he  still  holds.  Mr.  Jones  has  also 
for  several  years  been  engaged  in  banking  at  Centerville.  He 
was  married,  March  7,  1838,  to  Mary  King,  of  Center.  They 
had  twelve  children  :  Joseph,  who  died  at  19  ;  Jane,  who  mar- 
ried John  M.  Eliason ;  Ehnira;  John  K.,  teller  in  the  bank; 
Martha,  who  married  Samuel  C.  Smith ;  Lucinda,  who  married 
Joshua  Ehasou;  Levi  M. ;  Anna,  who  married  Lewis  Shute, 
and  resides  in  Preble  county,  Ohio ;  William,  Emily,  Charles, 
and  Lincoln. 

Isaac  Julian.  The  family  represented  by  this  name  is  of 
French  and  probably  Huguenotic  extraction.  The  family 
name  was  originally  St.  Julien,  but  has  been  shortened  and 
anglicised  into  its  present  form.  The  first  of  the  name  who 
came  to  America  was  Rene  St.  Julien,  a  native  of  Paris,  and  a 
soldier  by  profession.  He  fought  under  the  Prince  of  Orange, 
afterward  William  III.  of  England,  at  the  battle  of  the  Boyne, 


182  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

in  Ireland,  July  1, 1690,  which  resulted  in  the  defeat  of  the  ad- 
herents of  James  11.  For  his  services  he  received  from  the 
king  a  grant  of  land  beyond  the  Mississippi.  But  the  war  of 
the  Revolution  gave  a  quietus  to  such  grants.  He  came  to  this 
country  near  the  close  of  the  seventeenth  century,  and  settled 
on  the  eastern  shore  of  Maryland.  He  had  a  numerous  family, 
principally  sons,  from  whom  all  of  the  name  in  America  are 
believed  to  have  descended.  One  of  these  sons,  Isaac  Julien, 
as  appears  from  Irving's  Life  of  Washington,  was  residing  in 
Winchester,  Virginia,  in  1755.  He  removed  to  Randolph 
county,  N"orth  Carolina,  where  his  descendants  still  reside. 

A  son  of  the  above,  also  Isaac  Julian,  came  to  this  county 
in  1815,  and  settled  on  the  farm  lately  owned  by  John  Bond, 
near  Washington.  He  afterward  removed  to  Greensboro, 
Henry  county,  where  he  died.  Isaac,  Jacob,  Rene,  and  Shu- 
bael,  sons  of  the  last  named,  all  preceded  him  in  coming  to  the 
West,  and  all,  for  a  time,  resided  in  this  county,  as  also  their 
sisters,  who  were  married  as  follows  :  Elizabeth,  to  Wm,  Cox, 
and  still  lives  in  Richmond;  Ellen,  to  Absalom  Ilarvey,  now 
residing  in  Missouri ;  Sarah,  to  Ezekiel  Commons,  and  resides 
in  Rush  county;  Barbara,  to  Samuel  Howard;  and  Martha, 
to  Uriah  Bulla,  both  deceased.  Rene,  a  man  of  superior  na- 
tural gifts,  died  many  years  since  at  i^ewcastle,  of  "  milk  sick- 
ness," being  at  the  time  clerk  of  Henry  county.  Jacob  died 
near  Logansport,  September  29, 1870  ;  and  Shubael  still  lives  at 
Cadiz,  Ind.  Isaac,  Jacob,  AVm.  Cox,  and  George  Farlow,  still 
of  this  vicinity,  cleared  the  ground  north  side  of  Main  street. 
The  trees  had  a  few  years  previously  [1807?]  been  prostrated 
by  a  great  storm. 

Isaac,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  and  the  third  of  the  name, 
in  regular  succession,  is  the  only  one  of  the  name  whose  fam- 
ily has  remained  permanently  identified  with  Wayne  county. 
He  was  born  in  Randolph  county,  North  Carolina,  June  4, 
1781.  After  obtaining  the  rudiments  of  education  at  the 
primitive  common  schools  of  that  region,  he  engaged  in  the 
mercantile  business,  in  which  he  was  not  successful.  He  came 
to  this  county  earl}^  in  1808.  Both  before  leaving  North  Car- 
olina, and  after  his  arrival  here,  he  was  engaged  in  teaching. 
In  the  winter  of  1808-9,  he  taught  a  school  within  a  few  miles 
of  where  Richmond  now  is.     He  married,  March  29,  1809, 


CENTER   TOWNSHIP.  183 

Kebecca,  a  daughter  of  Andrew  Hoover.  She  was  ten  years 
his  junior.  They  became  acquainted  while  engaged  in  plant- 
ing corn  on  the  farm  of  Wm.  Bulla.  Her  father,  being  a 
strict  and  stern  member  of  the  Society  of  Friends,  and  the 
groom  being  an  "  outsider,"  the  marriage  was  a  secret  one, 
and  was  solemnized  by  Eichard  Rue,  Esq.,  at  his  residence, 
three  miles  south  of  Richmond.  Friend  Hoover,  however,  at 
length  relented  and  forgave  the  pair,  presenting  his  daughter, 
as  a  token  of  his  restored  favor,  some  articles  for  going  to 
housekeeping,  prominent  among  which  was  a  resplendent  set 
of  pewter  "  dresser  ware."  They  settled  first  in  a  cabin  on 
the  bluff  on  the  David  Hoover  farm,  where  their  fir.-t  child 
was  born,  and  afterward  removed  to  a  place  near  Middleboro. 
And  soon  after  the  "Twelve  Mile  Purchase"  was  made  in 
1810,  he  settled  on  ISToland's  Fork,  a  mile  and  a  half  south- 
west of  Centerville,  where  all  his  other  children  were  born. 

Mr.  Julian  and  his  wife  shared,  not  only  in  the  toils  and 
hardships  incident  to  the  first  settling  of  a  heavy  timbered 
country,  but  the  greater  tribulations  attendant  on  frontier  life 
during  an  Indian  war.  They  were  repeatedly  compelled  to 
flee  for  safety  to  the  older  settlements.  During  this  crisis, 
Mr.  Julian  was  three  months  in  the  military  service.  A 
graphic  picture  of  their  experience  during  this  period,  from 
the  pen  of  Rebecca  Julian,  wnll  be  found  in  another  part  of 
this  work. 

Mr.  J.  was  one  of  the  first  trustees  of  the  town  of  Center- 
ville. He  was  twice  commissioned  a  justice  of  the  peace: 
first,  Aug.  11,  1815,  by  Gov.  Thomas  Posey;  and  again,  Sept. 
8,  1817,  by  Gov.  Jonathan  Jennings.  He  also  held  the  ofiice 
of  county  commissioner.  In  1822  he  was  a  representative 
in  the  legislature,  which  met  at  Corydon,  of  which  he  was 
said  to  be  an  efficient  and  useful  member.  Having  become 
pecuniarily  involved  by  going  security  for  others  on  the  eve 
of  a  financial  crisis,  he  was  compelled,  in  1823,  to  sell  his 
farm.  He  removed  to  what  is  now  Tippecanoe  county,  where 
he  died,  Dec.  12, 1823,  soon  after  his  arrival,  near  the  AVabash, 
nine  miles  below  Lafayette.  Though  early  cut  ott",  he  is  said 
to  have  left  a  reputation  for  strict  probity,  decided  natural 
ability  and'  force  of  character,  which  gave  promise  of  con- 


184  HISTOKY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

tinned  and  even  increased  usefulness.  He  had  read  mucli, 
and  possessed  a  good  library  for  the  time  in  which  he  lived; 
and  it  was  one  of  his  most  cherished  desires  to  afford  his 
children  the  opportunity  for  obtaining  a  good  education. 

By  the  kindness  of  friends  and  relatives,  his  widow  was 
enabled  to  return  to  Wajme  county.  The  journey,  performed 
in  the  winter  season,  with  horses  and  wagon,  through  an  un- 
broken wilderness,  was  attended  with  great  difficulty  and 
extrcQie  suffering.  With  the  scanty  remnant  of  property 
left  her,  and  by  industry  and  rigid  economy,  she  was  enabled 
to  keep  her  family  together;  and,  sharing  the  spirit  of  her 
husband,  she  secured  to  them  all  the  facilities  of  a  common 
school  education.  The  greater  part  of  her  life  was  spent  in 
Wayne  county,  but  the  closing  scene  came  at  the  residence 
of  a  daughter,  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Iowa,  Nov.  21, 1867,  at  the  age 
of  76  years.  Her  memory  is  cherished  by  all  who  knew  her. 
Her  naturally  strong  mental  powers,  social  sympathies,  and 
religious  sentiments  appeared  to  increase  during  the  closing 
years  of  her  life.  Isaac  and  Rebecca  Julian  had  seven  chil- 
dren. 

1.  John  M.,  the  eldest,  was  born  Jan.  19,  1811.  The  death 
of  his  father  imposed  on  him  many  untimely  labors  and 
cares.  He,  however,  managed  to  supplement  his  scanty  edu- 
cational acquirements  by  an  extensive  course  of  reading  and 
persevering  self-improvement.  He  was  engaged  for  several 
years  in  teaching,  probably  with  a  view  to  a  preparation  for  a 
professional  career.  Possessed  of  a  fine  literary  taste  and  a  high 
moral  character,  he  strove  to  stimulate  his  young  associates 
to  the  cultivation  of  similar  tastes  and  principles.  His  varied 
qualities  thus  early  promised  a  brilliant  future.  But  the 
dawn  of  promise  was  suddenly  overcast  by  death,  August  21, 
1834.  2.  Sarah  was  born  March  10,  1813,  and  was  married, 
Jan.  16,  1840,  to  Jesse  H.  Holman,  son  of  George  Holman. 
They  removed  soon  after  to  Linn  county,  Iowa,  where  she 
still  resides.  She  has  three  children.  3.  Jacob  B.  4.  George 
W.  [Sketches  below.]  5.  Elizabeth  E.,  born  July  15,  1819, 
was  married  Jan.  12,  1841,  to  Allison  I.  Willetts,  a  son  of 
Jesse  Willetts,  an  early  settler  on  Green's  Fork.  They  set- 
tled soon  after  in  Linn  county,  Iowa.     He  was  the  founder 


~^c  ?  ty^.Au^ustu3  T^olao  '^^ 


'L^L^<-<^  C^c^ 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  185 

of  the  town  of  Mt.  Vernon,  in  that  county,  and  died  some 
years  since,  leaving  three  chikh-en.  She  married,  second, 
Andrew  Beatty.  6.  Henry,  born  Nov.  6,  1821 ;  died  July  21, 
1823.     7.  Isaac  H.  [Sk.] 

Jacob  B.  Julian,  son  of  Isaac  Julian,  the  subject  of  the 
foregoing  sketch,  was  born  Jan.  6, 1815.  He  was  apprenticed 
to  Edward  K.  Hart,  a  blacksmith,  in  Centerville,  and  after- 
ward, for  a  short  time,  carried  on  a  shop  for  himself.  He 
began  the  study  of  law  in  1838,  while  employed  as  an  assist- 
ant by  John  Finley,  county  clerk;  completed  it  in  1839,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  June,  1839.  In  the  latter  part  of 
the  year  he  was  married  to  Martha  J.,  daughter  of  Henry 
Bryan.  He  has  steadfastly  adhered  to  the  practice  of  his 
profession,  having  never  been  absent  during  the  sessions  of 
the  civil  courts.  In  1844  he  was  elected  prosecuting  attorney 
for  this  judicial  circuit.  In  the  winters  of  1846-7,  and  in 
1848-9  he  represented  Wayne  county  in  the  legislature.  He 
has,  however,  been  led  to  no  political  aspirations,  but  has 
sought  distinction  only  in  his  profession,  in  which  he  has 
succeeded.  Although  jet  in  the  prime  of  life,  he  has  prac- 
ticed law  in  this  county  for  a  greater  number  of  years  than 
any  other  man  has  ever  done.  He  has  four  children.  His 
son,  John  F.,  is  at  present  his  partner  in  practice,  under  the 
firm  of  Julian  &  Julian. 

George  W.  Julian,  son  of  Isaac,  was  born  near  Center- 
ville, May  5,  1817.  He  was  six  years  of  age  at  the  time  of 
his  father's  death.  This  sad  misfortune,  however,  was  essen- 
tially mitigated  by  the  fact  that  his  early  training  was  de- 
volved upon  a  faithful  and  competent  mother.  His  early 
educational  advantages  were  only  such  as  were  afibrded  by 
the  common  schools  in  a  new  country.  Yet  he  made  rapid 
progress  in  the  acquisition  of  useful  knowledge,  by  private 
reading  and  study,  done  in  great  part  in  the  evening  by  tire- 
light — better  light  being  not  at  all  times  easily  procured. 
The  deficiency  of  the  family  library,  as  will  be  readily  sup- 
posed, was  supplied  by  books  borrowed  of  his  neighbors. 
After  due  preparation,  he  engaged  in  teaching  a  country 
^school,  which  business  he  followed  with  credit  three  years.  It 
was  during  the  first  of  his  teaching  that  he  signalized  himself 


186  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

by  successfully  resistiug  the  efforts  of  the  "  big  boys  "  to  com- 
pel him  to  "treat"  on  Christmas  day,  according  to  a  custom 
long  prevalent  in  the  West.  About  the  year  1839,  he  com- 
menced the  study  of  law,  which  he  prosecnted  without  the 
aid  of  a  preceptor.  He  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1840,  and 
followed  the  business  of  his  profession,  except  as  interrupted 
by  attention  to  public  duties,  until  the  year  1861.  In  1845  he 
was  elected  a  representative  of  the  county  in  the  legislature, 
where  he  advocated  the  abolition  of  capital  punishment,  and 
retrenchment  iu  public  expenditures.  In  1848,  when  Zachary 
Taylor  was  nominated  for  the  presidency  by  the  Whig  party, 
he  for  a  season  remained  neutral,  but  subsequently  attended 
the  Buffalo  convention  which  nominated  Martin  Yan  Buren 
and  Charles  Francis  Adams,  and  supported  that  nomination. 
In  1849  he  was  elected  a  representative  to  Congress  over  Sam- 
uel W.  Parker,  a  prominent  Whig.  In  1852,  when  John  P. 
Hale  was  nominated  by  the  "Free  Soil"  party  for  president, 
Mr.  Julian  was  placed  on  the  ticket  for  vice-president.  He 
was  a  delegate  to  the  first  national  Republican  convention  at 
Pittsburg,  in  the  spring  of  1856,  and  one  of  the  vice-presidents, 
and  chairman  of  the  committee  on  organization.  In  1860  he 
was  again  elected  to  Congress,  and  by  successive  re-elections 
continued  there  till  the  close  of  the  41st  Congress,  March,  1871. 
Among  the  measures  of  importance  to  the  country  at  large 
with  which  he  has  been  conspicuously  identified,  are  the  home- 
stead law,  and  the  attempt  to  protect  the  public  lands  from 
further  spoliation  by  lavish  grants  to  railroad  companies,  or 
by  the  sale  of  large  tracts  to  speculators.  He  was  for  ten 
years  a  member  of  the  house  committee  on  public  lands,  and 
for  eight  years  its  chairman.  He  was  appointed  in  1862  a 
member  of  the  joint  committee  of  both  houses  on  the  conduct 
of  the  war,  a  position  which  he  held  nearly  four  years.  He 
was  also  one  of  the  committee  which  prepared  articles  of  im- 
peachment against  President  Andrew  Johnson. 

Mr.  Julian  was  married,  first,  to  Ann  E.  Finch,  of  Center- 
ville.  May  13,  1845,  by  whom  he  had  three  children.  After 
her  decease,  he  was  married  to  Laura  Giddings,  a  daughter  of 
the  late  Hon.  Joshua  R.  Giddings,  of  Ohio,  December  31, 
1863. 


VWH    ''  s^'^^^ 


t^ 


^^t^f^ . 


CENTER   TOWNSHIP.  187 

Isaac  H.  Julian,  a  son  of  Isaac,  was  bora  June  19,  1823. 
He  early  manifested  a  decided  literary  taste,  and  at  intervals  of 
leisure  from  farm  work,  succeeded  in  accomplishing  a  course 
of  reading  in  the  departments  of  history  and  general  litera- 
ture. He  also  early  became  a  contributor,  both  in  poetry  and 
prose,  to  many  of  the  newspapers  and  periodicals  of  the  day. 
In  1848,  he  became  deeply  interested  in  the  antislavery  and 
other  humanitarian  phases  of  politics,  which  then  took  shape 
and  gave  direction  to  his  subsequent  literary  efforts.  He  re- 
sided in  Iowa  from  the  spring  of  1846  to  the  fall  of  1850.  He 
studied  law,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  this  county  in  the 
spring  of  1851,  but  found  the  practice  too  distasteful  to  make 
it  a  life  business.  In  185  7,  he  edited  and  got  published  the 
"Memoir  of  David  Hoover,"  accompanying  it  with  an  Ap- 
pendix of  interesting  and  valuable  matter  relating  to  the  first 
settlement  of  the  AVhitewater  valley.  In  September,  1858,  he 
bought  the  True  Bepublican  newspaper  at  Centerville,  which 
he  edited  and  published  with  that  name  until  about  the  close 
of  the  year  1864,  when,  having  purchased  a  Kichmond  paper, 
the  two  were  consolidated  under  the  name  of  the  Indiana 
Radical,  which  has  since  been  published  by  him  at  Richmond, 
to  which  place  he  removed  January  1,  1865.  He  was  post- 
master at  Centerville  during  President  Lincoln's  first  term, 
and  at  Richmond  from  May,  1869,  to  July,  1871.  He  was 
married  October  16, 1859,  to  Virginia  M.  Spillard,  and  has  four 
chiklren. 

Jesse  King,  from  Kentucky,  about  the  year  1826,  settled 
two  miles  north-east  from  the  town  of  Washington.  He  had 
a  large  family;  and  five  of  his  sons,  Samuel,  Daniel,  Elisha, 
Lorenzo  D.,  and  John,  came  to  this  county.  Samuel  settled, 
in  1814  or  1815,  near  or  adjoining  Centerville,  and  resided  in 
other  places  in  the  township,  and  removed  successively  to 
Rush  and  Tipton  counties,  to  Iowa,  and  lastly  to  the  south- 
west part  of  Kansas,  wdiere,  at  the  age  of  87,  he  lives  with  a 
second  wife,  and  has  children,  the  youngest  of  whom  is  about 
the  age  of  five  or  six  years.  Daniel,  with  Elisha,  his  brother, 
came  about  tw'O  years  earlier  than  their  father,  and  married 

McAlister.     His  sons,  James  and  John,  died  unmarried. 

Newton  lives  in   Madison  county;  Isaac  in  Green  township; 


188  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Levi,  on  the  farm  of  his  father;  Milton,  in  Madison.  A 
daughter,  Mary  -Jane,  married  George  Ebersal.  Elisha  settled 
two  miles  south  of  Centerville ;  afterward  started  with  his 
family  for  Oregon,  and  several  of  his  children  and  himself  died 
on  the  way  thither.  His  widow,  after  her  arrival  there,  mar- 
ried again,  and  died  there.  Lorenzo  D.  came  to  the  county 
with  his  father,  and  after  a  residence  of  several  years  in  Green, 
settled  where  he  now  resides,  in  Center.  His  sons,  "William, 
Joseph,  and  Absalom,  live  in  the  township. 

John  King,  son  of  Jesse  King,  settled  a  mile  and  a  half 
north  of  Centerville,  where  Joseph  King's  widow  resides,  and 
in  1830,  where  Jackson  King  resides,  near  Centerville.  His 
children  were,  1.  Lucinda,  who  married  Joshua  Eliason.  2. 
James,  who  married  Malinda,  a  daughter  of  Caleb  B.  Jackson, 
and  died  at  West  Grove,  where  he  resided.  3.  Joseph,  who 
married  Sarah  Way,  daughter  of  Seth  Way,  of  Green,  and 
died  where  his  widow  resides.  4.  William,  who  married 
Jemima,  daughter  of  Caleb  B.  Jackson,  and  resides  four  miles 
north-east  of  Centerville.  5.  Mary,  wife  of  Oliver  T.  Jones. 
6.  Presley,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Ebenezer  Cheeseraan, 
and  has  lately  removed  to  Kansas.  7.  Nancy  married  John 
M.  Maxwell,  who  resides  near  Richmond.  She  died  in  Cen- 
ter. 9.  Jackson,  who  married  Elizabeth  Davis,  and  lives  on 
the  late  home  of  his  father,  near  the  town.  10.  Jesse  [not  the 
last  born,  it  is  believed,]  died  at  the  age  of  14. 

Jeremy  Mansur  was  born  in  Temple,  Hillsborough  county, 
New  Hampshire,  December  31,  1791.  He  came  in  1813  from 
New  Hampshire  to  Cincinnati  on  horseback,  and  after  a  stay 
of  six  months,  removed  to  Hamilton,  Butler  county,  Ohio, 
where  he  was  married  in  1814  to  Jane  Carr,  and  removed  the 
same  year  to  Salisbury,  then  the  county  seat  of  Wayne  county, 
Indiana,  where  he  worked  about  six  years  at  the  edge-tool 
business.  In  1820  or  1821,  he  settled  on  a  farm  between  Cen- 
terville and  Richmond,  on  the  National  road.  In  1831,  he  re- 
moved to  Richmond,  and  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business, 
which  he  continued  about  eight  years.  He  then  returned  to 
his  farm;  and,  in  1852,  removed  to  Indianapolis,  where  he  still 
resides,  in  the  possession  of  an  ample  fortune  acquired  by 
honest  industry.     His  children  were,  1.  Mary  Ann,  who  mar- 


"r  .v^' 

s*'" 


^s^x^^ 


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^7^//^^*^ 


C'i_rv^>p«-  P-  i\'icP-TCii 


CENTER   TOWNSHIP.  189 

ried,  first,  John  H,  Wright,  who  died  in  Indianapolis,  having 
had  four  children,  two  of  whom  (sons)  are  living;  married, 
second,  Charles  Parry,  a  practicing  physician  and  surgeon, 
and  V^ice-President  of  the  Indiana  Central  Railw^ay,  who  also 
died  in  that  city.  2.  Clarissa,  who  married  James  C.  Fergu- 
son, who  is  engaged  in  the  pork-packing  business  in  Indianap- 
olis. They  had  seven  children,  of  whom  five  are  living.  A 
daughter,  Isabel,  died  while  at  school  in  Kentucky  as  she  was 
about  to  graduate.  3.  William,  who  married  Hannah  Cully  in 
Indianapolis,  and  had  three  sons — one  living.  He  has  long 
been  engaged  in  pork-packing,  and  is  a  director  of  the  Cit- 
izens' Bank.  4.  Sarah  Jane,  who  married  Wm.  S.  Reid,  of 
Richmond.  [See  Sketch.]  5.  Isaiah,  who  married  Amelia 
Brown  of  Philadelphia,  and  is  extensively  engaged  in  banking 
in  Indianapolis.  6.  Franklin,  who  married  Sarah  Grewel  in 
Indianapolis,  and  resides  there.  7.  James  Carr,  who  died  at 
the  age  of  three  years. 

Thomas  McCoy  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of  Wayne 
county,  having  come  with  Holman  and  Rue,  and  settled  with 
them  south  of  Richmond,  in  1805.  In  1813,  he  removed  to  the 
farm  on  which  he  died  a  few  miles  south-west  of  Centerville. 
He  is  represented  as  having  been  an  honest  man,  brave  and 
true ;  and  with  a  will  as  firm  as  his  stalwart,  iron  frame,  he 
was  a  leader  among  the  pioneers.  During  the  Indian  war  his 
house  was  their  rallying  place,  and  his  advice  and  aid  their 
chief  rehance.  He  was  of  Irish  descent,  and  retained,  during 
life,  some  of  the  characteristics  of  his  countrymen.  He  died 
in  the  winter  of  1844-45.  His  two  sons,  John,  a  native  of 
Kentucky,  and  Morgan,  one  of  the  oldest  natives  of  this 
county,  live  on  the  old  place,  and  are  highly  respected  citizens. 

Oliver  P.  Morton  was  born  August  4,  1823,  in  Center 
township,  and  was  married  to  Lucinda  M.  Burbank,  May  16, 
1845.  His  parents  having  died  when  he  was  quite  young,  the 
care  of  rearing  him  devolved  upon  his  grandmother  and  two 
aunts.  He  was  at  an  early  age  apprenticed  to  a  half-brother 
in  Centerville  at  the  hatter's  trade.  He  worked  but  a  short 
time  at  the  business,  and  was  for  a  while  without  steady  em- 
ployment. He  was  at  length  placed  at  school  at  the  Wayne 
County  Seminary  at  Centerville,  of  which  Prof.  Samuel  K 


190  HISTORY   OF   TVATNE    COUNTY. 

Hoshour  was  the  principal.  After  a  course  of  preparatory 
studies  at  tiie  seminary,  he  entered  Miami  University,  at  Ox- 
ford, Ohio,  in  which  he  made  considerable  progress  in  lais 
studies,  but  left  the  University  without  completing  the  course. 
He  returned  to  Centerville  and  commenced  the  study  of  the 
law,  and  in  1846  was  admitted  to  practice,  and  rose  rapidly  in 
his  profession.  In  1852  he  was  appointed  judge  of  the  judicial 
circuit  to  complete  the  unexpired  term  of  his  predecessor. 
Previously  to  1854  he  acted  with  the  Democratic  party ;  but " 
when  that  party  repealed  the  Missouri  compromise,  he  severed 
his  connection  with  it,  and  has  since  acted  with  the  Republi- 
can party.  In  1856  he  was  a  candidate  for  governor  in  oppo- 
sition to  Ashbel  P.  Willard,  the  Democratic  candidate,  and 
was  beaten.  In  1860  he  was  elected  lieutenant-governor  on 
the  ticket  with  Henry  S.  Lane  as  governor,  and  served  as 
lieutenant-governor  but  two  days.  Gov.  Lane  having  been 
elected  by  the  legislature  to  the  office  of  senator  of  the  United 
States,  Mr.  Morton  succeeded  him  in  office.  The  war,  which 
commenced  in  April,  1861,  devolved  the  most  weighty  and 
responsible  duties  upon  the  state  executives.  Gov.  Morton 
convened  the  legislature  without  delay,  and  means  were 
promptly  provided  to  put  the  state  on  a  war  footing.  The 
promptitude  and  efficiency  with  which  he  discharged  his  exec- 
utive duties  in  relation  to  the  war,  gained  for  him  great  credit 
throughout  the  loyal  states.  At  the  ensuing  election  [1864] 
he  was  elected  governor  for  another  term.  But  before  the  term 
had  half  expired  he  resigned  his  office,  took  a  voyage  to  Eu- 
rope, and  returned  with  improved  health.  In  January,  1867, 
he  was  elected  by  the  legislature  senator  to  Congress  for  the 
constitutional  term  of  six  years,  to  succeed  the  Hon.  Henry  S. 
Lane,  whose  term'  expired  in  March  following.  He  has  three 
sons,  John  M.,  Walter  S.,  and  Oliver  T. 

John  S.  Newman  was  born  in  Montgomery  county,  Ohio, 
April  10,  1805.  He  came  in  March,  1807,  to  what  is  now 
"Wayne  township,  with  his  grandfather,  who  settled  two  miles 
north  of  Richmond.  His  mother  having  died  (May  18,  1806) 
before  their  settlement  here,  he  was  taken  into  the  family  of 
his  grandfather,  Andrew  Hoover,  Sen.  In  January,  1827,  he 
removed  to  Centerville,  where  he  was  for  a  time  employed  in 


/^}'2^^/-7r.  /CL^-r  yW^^vv-^.^/-,/--,/' 


CENTER  TOW^'S^IP.  191 

the  office  of  his  uncle,  David  Hoover,  then  clerk  of  the  county 
courts.  He  there  also  studied  law ;  was  admitted  to  practice 
in  May,  1828,  and  continued  in  practice  there  until  1860.  For 
nearly  ten  years  of  the  period  of  his  practice,  he  was  in  part- 
nership with  Jesse  P.  Siddall,  under  the  firm  of  N'ewman  & 
Siddall.  In  1834  he  was  elected  a  representative  in  the  legis- 
lature. He  was  afterward,  for  several  years,  a  partner  in  the 
firm  of  Hannah  &  Newman  in  the  mercantile  business,  in  Cen- 
terville.  In  1850  he  was  elected  a  delegate  to  the  constitu- 
tional convention.  In  January,  1847,  he  was  chosen  president 
of  the  Whitewater  Valley  Canal  Company,  and  served  as 
such  five  years.  In  1851  he  was  chosen  president  of  the  In- 
diana Central  Railway  Company,  and,  in  1860,  for  convenience 
to  his  business,  he  removed  to  Indianapolis,  where  he  now  re- 
sides. And  for  the  last  five  years  he  has  been  president  of  the 
Merchants'  I^Tational  Bank  of  Indianapolis.  He  was  married, 
October  1,  1829,  to  Eliza  J.  Hannah,  a  daughter  of  Samuel 
Hannah.  They  had  six  children  :  Mary,  who  married  Dr.  H. 
G.  Carey.  Gertrude,  wife  of  Ingram  Fletcher,  a  banker  in 
Indianapolis.  Omar,  engaged  in  the  lumber  trade  in  Chicago. 
AYalter,  who  was  1st  lieutenant  in  the  United  States  army; 
served  in  the  late  war,  and  died  January  1,  1864,  at  Indianap- 
olis, of  disease  contracted  in  the  army.  Two  children  died  in 
infancy. 

"William  A.  Peelle  was  born  in  JSTorth  Carolina,  and  came  to 
this  county  with  his  father,  who  settled  in  'New  Garden  in 
1820.  He  was  brought  up  on  the  farm  of  his  father ;  and 
in  1840  he  began  the  study  of  law  at  home,  and  without  a 
a  tutor.  In  1845,  he  commenced  practice  at  Marion,  Grant 
Co.,  and  in  1866  removed  to  AYinchester.  In  1848,  he  was 
elected  Prosecuting  Attorney,  and  in  1854  he  was  elected 
Judge  of  the  Court  of  Common  Pleas  for  Pandolph  and 
Jay  counties.  In  1860,  he  was  elected  Secretary  of  State, 
and  removed  to  Indianapolis,  Jan.  1, 1861.  After  the  expira- 
tion of  his  term  of  office,  he  removed  to  Centerville,  where 
he  still  continues  the  practice  of  his  profession.  In  March, 
1867,  he  was  appointed  Judge  of  the  Criminal  Court;  and 
was  in  1867  a  representative  of  this  county  in  the  state  legis- 
lature.    Judore  Peelle  read  law  with  James  S.  Frazer,  who 


192  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

also  studied  outside  of  a  lawyer's  office,  and  who  was  afterward 
a  judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  State,  and  who  is  now 
a  Commissioner  at  Washington,  appointed  by  President 
Grant  in  pursuance  of  the  treaty  lately  negotiated  with  Great 
Britain,  to  settle  the  difterences  between  that  country  and 
the  United  States. 

John  Pritchett  was  born  in  Kew  Jersey,  'Nov.  25, 1803,  and 
reared  in  Columbiana  county,  Ohio,  where  he  studied  medi- 
cine ;  and  came  to  Centerville  in  February,  1826.  After  a 
successful  practice  for  many  years,  he  graduated,  in  1843,  at 
the  Ohio  Medical  College,  Cincinnati.  He  is  at  this  time  the 
oldest  practicing  physician  in  the  county,  excepting  Dr. 
Pennington,  of  Milton.  He  married  Emily  Talbot,  daughter 
of  Samuel  Talbot,  near  Centerville,  and  had  three  children  : 
1.  Mary,  who  resides  with  the  family  at  Centerville.  2.  Gus- 
tavus,  who  died  in  infancy.  3.  James  M.,  who  resides  in 
Washington  City.  In  1852,  he  entered  the  naval  school  at 
Annapolis,  Md.,  and  graduated  in  1857,  and  is  still  in  the 
navy  of  the  United  States.  He  was  in  active  service  in  the 
late  civil  war. 

William  Pugh,  a  native  of  South  Carolina,  settled  in  Rich- 
mond, in  1818,  and  soon  after  removed  to  Salisbury,  where 
he  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Ithamar  Warner,  and  returned 
to  Richmond,  where  he  was  in  practice  with  Dr.  Warner 
until  1824.  He  then  removed  to  Centerville,  and  continued 
the  practice  of  his  profession  until  his  decease,  in  1829,  aged 
33.  His  son,  John  E.  Pugh,  is  a  druggist  in  Centerville,  and 
is  said  to  be  the  first  person  born  in  town. 

James  Rariden,  a  native  of  Kentucky,  after  a  residence  of 
several  years  in  Brookville,  and  for  a  time  in  Salisbury, 
where  he  studied  law,  and  was  a  deputy  clerk  for  David 
Hoover,  came  to  Centerville  in  1820,  where  he  remained  in 
the  practice  of  law  until  about  1846.  He  then  removed  to 
Cambridge  City,  where  he  died  in  1856  or  1857.  Though 
illiterate,  he  was  a  man  of  strong  mind,  a  fair  lawyer,  and  an 
able  advocate.  He  was  several  timeselected  to  the  legisla- 
ture, and  was  a  representative  in  Congress  from  1837  to  1841. 

Geo.  Rupe,  from  Tennessee,  came  in  1821  to  Richmond,  and 
carried  on  the  hatting  business  for  a  year.    He  then  removed 


CENTER    TOWNSHIP.  193 

to  Peny,  about  three  miles  west  from  where  Economy  now 
is,  and  thence,  three  years  afterward,  to  the  present  site  of 
that  town,  where  he  built  a  log  shop  and  dwelling-house  to- 
gether. This  was  one  of  the  first  buildings,  if  not  the  very 
first  one,  within  the  present  limits  of  the  town.  lie  here 
carried  on  the  hatting  business  about  thirty  years,  attaining 
a  celebrity  nearly  equal  to  that  of  Beard,  of  ISTorth  Carolina, 
to  whom  allusion  has  been  made.  He  is  spoken  of  as  a  good 
citizen  and  an  honorable  man.  He  died  in  1859,  in  Hamilton 
county,  Ind.,  of  cancer. 

Henry  B.  Rupe,  son  of  George  Rupe,  was  born  in  Tennes- 
see, 1821,  and  came  the  same  year  with  his  father  to  AVayne 
county,  Indiana.  At  the  age  of  ten  years,  he  commenced 
learning  the  hatter's  trade  with  his  father,  at  Economy,  and 
followed  the  business  until  1858.  He  was  early  identified 
with  the  antislavery  movement;  and  on  the  organization  of 
the  Liberty  party,  was  run  by  that  party  as  a  candidate  for 
county  treasurer.  He  has  lectured  much,  throughout  the 
county,  upon  the  subjects  of  slavery,  temperance,  and  popu- 
lar education  as  connected  with  the  common  schools.  Since 
about  the  year  1859,  he  has  been  a  preacher  of  the  Baptist 
denomination.  Since  the  beginning  of  his  ministerial  labors, 
he  has  preached  for  churches  at  Concord,  at  Cambridge 
City,  and  at  Elkhorn.  In  the  fall  of  1862,  he  was  elected 
Treasurer  of  Wayne  county ;  and  in  1864  was  re-elected  for 
a  second  term.  He  is  now  living  on  his  farm  a  mile  and  a 
half  south  of  Centerville. 

John  Stigleman  was  born  in  Virginia,  in  the  year  1787, 
whence  he  removed  to  this  county,  in  1819,  and  settled  about 
three  miles  north  of  Centerville,  and  a  few  years  later  to  the 
farm  now  owned  and  occupied  by  his  son  Henry,  where  he 
died  August  18,  1865,  aged  79  years.  He  was  a  good  and 
useful  citizen,  of  decided  Christian  character,  and  an  active 
member  of  the  Baptist  church.  He  held  the  ofiice  of  county 
commissioner  for  one  or  two  terms. 

Charles  H.  Test  came  to  Centerville  in  1838,  a  lawyer  of 

experience    and    of  good   reputation.     He   had  commenced 

practice,  in  1821,  at  Lawrenceburg  ;  had  practiced  also  at 

Brookville  and  Rushville.     From  1830  to  1838,  he  had  been 

13 


194  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

a  circuit  judge.  He  removed  from  Centerville  to  White 
county,  and  subsequently  to  Indianapolis,  where  lie  now  re- 
sides. He  has  also  been  judge  of  Lafayette  circuit ;  has  rep- 
resented several  different  counties  in  the  legislature ;  and  has 
held  for  a  term  of  two  years  the  office  of  secretary  of  state. 
He  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  ablest  advocates  now  in  practice 
in  the  state. 

Jesse  Williams,  from  Kentucky,  in  1815,  to  Franklin  county, 
and  in  1819  to  Centerville.  He  now  resides  one  and  a  half 
miles  east  of  town.  In  1837,  he  was  elected  associate  judge 
to  fill  the  vacancy  occasioned  by  the  death  of  Asa  M.  Sher- 
man ;  was  re-elected  in  1838  for  the  term  of  seven  years,  and 
again  in  1845  for  another  term  of  seven  years. 

John  C.  Kibbey,  a  native  of  Warren  county,  Ohio,  came  to 
this  county  about  the  year  1815,  and  settled  at  Salisbury.  In 
about  the  year  1821  or  1822,  he  removed  to  Richmond,  where 
he  resided,  with  the  exception  of  a  few  years  at  Centerville, 
until  his  death  some  ten  or  fifteen  years  ago.  He  is  said  to 
have  been  a  man  of  "  a  mathematical  turn  of  mind,  well  read 
in  general  literature,  and  an  honest  man."  He  was  for  many 
years  a  justice  of  the  peace. 

John  F.  Kibbey,  spn  of  the  above,  was  admitted  to  practice 
March  2,  1852.  He  was  elected,  in  1864,  to  succeed  Jeremiah 
Wilson  as  judge  of  the  Sixth  judicial  district,  and  came  into 
office,  March,  1865.  He  was  re-elected  in  1868,  and  his  term 
will  expire  in.  1872. 

Samuel  Russell,  a  native  of  Virginia,  from  Ohio  in  1818, 
settled  in  1819,  where  his  sou  Vinnedge  resides,  about  four 
miles  north-east  from  Centerville,  and  where  he  died  in  1885, 
aged  63.  His  children  living  are  Samuel,  Vinnedge,  and  Ann, 
wife  of  John  Kem.  John  H.  Kobe,  from  Germany,  in  1838, 
to  Maryland,  and  after  a  residence  there  of  eleven  years,  to 
Center,  where  he  now  resides,  two  miles  east  of  Centerville. 
John  R  Voss,  from  ISTorth  Carolina  in  1827,  settled  a  year  after 
near  the  site  of  old  Salisbury,  in  Wayne,  and  two  years  later 
on  the  place  where  he  now  resides,  two  miles  east  of  Center- 
ville, on  the  JS^ational  road.  John  Atkinson,  born  in  'New 
Jersey,  from  Ohio  at  an  early  day,  settled  in  the  north-west 
part  of  the  township.     He  died  in  1357,  where  his  son  Henry 


CLAY    TOWNSHIP.  195 

now  lives,  in  Clay.  "William.  Beall,  from  Kentucky,  in  1816, 
entered  and  settled  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Oliver  T.  Jones, 
south  of  Lorenzo  D.  King's;  and  in  1836,  settled  where  he 
now  resides,  in  Clay,  two  miles  east  of  Washington,  on  land 
entered  by  his  father,  Archibald  Beall.  His  children  are  Cur- 
ran,  Hannah,  Brutus,  Amanda,  Marion,  Susanna. 


CLAY  TOWNSHIP. 

Clay  township  was  formed  in  the  year  1832,  from  several 
of  the  townships  adjoining,  and  included  three  sections 
which  have  since  been  annexed  to  Jefferson.  Lying  wholly 
within  the  bounds  of  the  Twelve  Mile  Purchase,  few  families 
settled  in  it  before  the  war  of  1812.    ' 

James  Martindale,  from  North  Carolina,  is  said  to  have 
been  the  first  settler  on  Green's  Fork  bottom,  within  the 
limits  of  this  township.  He  settled  on  the  farm  on  which 
his  grandson,  James  W.  Martindale,  a  son  of  John  Martin- 
dale,  now  resides,  half  a  mile  from  the  town  of  Washing- 
ton. JSis  purchase  included  lands  now  owned  by  Branson 
L.  Harris  and  John  Brooks.  Jonas  Hatfield,  Sen.,  from 
Kentucky,  in  1812,  settled,  with  his  sons,  where  the  town 
of  Washington  now  is,  and  where  his  descendants  still  re- 
side. Thomas,  one  of  his  sons,  laid  out  the  town,  and  died 
many  years  ago.  Jonas,  another  son,  with  several  of  his 
children,  still  resides  there.  Abel  Jenny,  about  1812,  set- 
tled where  Branson  L.  Harris  now  resides,  east  of  and  near 
the  town.  Jesse  Albertson,  from  North  Carolina,  after 
stopping  a  year  or  two  in  Kentucky,  settled  two  miles 
east  of  Richmond,  and  in  1815  removed  to  the  farm  on 
which  he  now  resides,  half  a  mile  east  of  town.  His  brother 
Joshua,  who  came  to  Richmond  a  few  years  later  than  Jesse, 
after  some  years  residence  there,  settled  south  of  his  brother, 
on  land  bought  of  Richard  Ratcliff,  now  owned  by  John 
Bond,  Jun.,  and  Elwood  Albertson.  In  1813,  Wm.  Fox  set- 
tled about  one  mile  north  of  town  ;  land  lately  owned  by 
John  Brooks,  now  by  George  W.  Davis.  Fox  removed  in 
1844  to  Jeft'erson  township,  where  he  died  in  1860.   ,  Joshua 


196  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Benny  settled  one  and  a  half  miles  north-west  of  town ;  land 
now  owned  by  Hichard  and  George  Fancett,  and  James  T. 
IS'icholson.  James  Spray,  on  land  now  owned  by  Jacob 
"Wood,  afterward  half  a  mile  south  on  the  farm  since  owned 
by  John  Brooks. 

In  the  east  i^art  of  the  township,  James  Odell,  about  1813 
or  1814,  settled  on  the  farm  where  "Wm.  Coffin  resides.  Sam- 
uel and  Joseph  Evans  on  land  now  owned  by  John  Bean,  of 
Green  township,  son-in-law  of  Joseph  Evans,  and  Kansom 
Cheeseman.  In  1814,  Miles  Murphy  settled  one  mile  south- 
east of  town.  John  Baldwin,  from  iTorth  Carolina,  in  1825, 
bought  the  farm  of  Murphy,  it  being  that  on  which  his  son 
Jonathan  Baldwin  resides.  He  had  four  sons,  Jonathan, 
Isaac,  David,  and  Caleb.  Jonathan  married  Mary  Ann, 
daughter  of  Jesse  Albertson.  James  Porter  settled  early  near 
the  Friends'  meeting-house.  Moses  Martindale,  brother  of 
James,  where  Alfred  Underbill  resides.  Wm.  Young,  land 
owned  by  Josiah  Clawsou.  Benj.  Augell,  on  land  on  the 
township  line,  now  owned  by  Alfred  Underbill.  In  1814, 
John  Pierson  settled  where  Henry  Atkinson  resides.  About 
1815,  Martin  Martindale,  son-in-law  of  Pierson,  on  land  lately 
owned  by  E.  Harvey,  now  by  David  Fowler.  Wm.  Beall,  ad- 
joining the  township  line,  where  he  still  lives.  Joseph  Thorn- 
burg  where  Daniel  Williams  lives.  Benj.  Albertson,  on  laud 
now  owned  by  John  Bond,  Jun.,  one  mile  south-east  of  town. 
Owen  Branson,  on  part  of  the  land  now  owned  by  I.  McDon- 
ald and  Thomas  Adams's  heirs. 

In  the  south-east  j^art  of  the  township?,  Jonathan  Cloud  set- 
tled where  now  his  son  Joseph  Cloud  resides.  Wm.  Pike,  on 
land  now  owned  by  the  heirs  of  his  son  Stephen  Pike.  Isaiah 
Frazier,  first,  and  afterward  Jonathan  Mendeuhall,  on  land  now 
owned  by  Lewis  Bailey  and  Henry  Franklin.  John  Hunt, 
after  him  Israel  Gause,  on  land  now  owned  by  Isaac  Gause 
and  Mrs.  E.  Brashure. 

In  the  vicinity  of  Washington,  south  and  west,  were  Jesse 
Bond,  who,  after  a  residence  of  six  years  near  Richmond,  set- 
tled a  mile  south  of  town  in  1813 ;  lands  now  owned  by  his 
sons  Nathan,  Wm.  C,  and  the  heirs  of  his  son  Robert.  Benj. 
Hall,  lessee  of  Henry  Stidham,  on  land  now  owned  by  Larkin 


>]t^r 


/ 


^*'f6i\-  4 


^^-^^^e.-^— 


CLAY    TOWNSHIP.  197 

Bond,  who  bought  of  John  Bailey.     John  Foland,  on  a  part  of 
the  land  now  owned  by  Matthias  Wise. 

In  the  south  and  south-west  part  of  the  township,  were  Ste- 
phen Horney,  who  still  resides  where  he  settled ;  Moses  Coffin, 
where  Andrew  Ilorney  resides ;  Absalom  Williams,  on  lands 
now  owned  by  his  sons,  Henry  and.  John  Williams;  Isaac 
Mendenhall,  on  lands  lately  owned  by  David  Cook,  deceased. 
Henry  Hoover  settled  early  on  the  east  side  of  Green's  Fork; 
lands  now  owned  by  the  widow  of  his  son  Andrew,  their  son 
John,  and  Perry  Wilson.  Peter  Hoover,  brother  of  Henry, 
bought  west  and  adjoining;  land  now  owned  by  the  widow  of 
his  son  Emsley,  and  their  son  Owen  P.  Hoover,  and  Henry  T. 
Bond.  John  Pincher  settled  near  where  O.  P.  Hoover  now 
resides.  Valentine  Foland,  in  the  south-west  corner  of  the 
township,  where  he  now  resides.  James  Ridge,  on  lands  now 
owned  by  Theodore  Cook.  John  Wise,  in  1832,  on  lands  now 
owned  by  his  sons  George  and  Matthias  Wise.  He  now  re- 
sides in  Jay  county.  Ephraim  Gentry,  land  purchased  of  Da- 
vid Hoover,  now  owned  by  Wm.  H.  Gentry,  son  of  Ephraim. 

In  the  ivest  part  of  the  township,  David  Peacock  settled  on 
land  now  owned  by  his  son  David ;  Wm.  Widows,  on  land 
lately  sold  to  John  Allen,  who  owns  other  lands  adjoining. 
Mason  Fithen,  about  1817,  settled  on  land  now  owned  by  Ja- 
cob AVright  and  others;  Enos  Veal,  Sen.,  and  Peter  Woolfert, 
in  1817,  on  lands  now  owned  and  occupied  by  James  T.  Nich- 
olson and  Daniel  Strickler.  Woolfert  sold  out  and  removed 
to  section  15.  Joseph  Davis,  on  land  adjoining  the  township 
line,  where  George  G.  Hindman  resides.  James  Owen,  Sen., 
on  land  now  owned  by  Eulas  Bunnell.  In  1815,  John  Brockus 
and  Miles  Dimet  settled  on  land  now  owned  by  Cyrus  Osborn 
and  John  Bradbury.  In  1824,  Job  Smith,  on  lands  lately 
owned  by  Olinda  B.  Bunnell  and  William  Faucett.  Ezekiel 
Bradbury,  about  1825,  where  Jonas  Hatlield,  Jun.,  resides.  Jo- 
nas Hatfield,  Sen,,  father  of  the  present  Jonas  Ilattield,  Sen., 
bought  the  lands  now  owned  principally  by  George  Faucett, 
Cyrus  Osborn,  and  Daniel  Bradbury. 

In  the  north-west  part  of  the  township,  Jonathan  Shaw  set- 
tled, in  1815,  on  land  now  owned  by  Daniel  Strickler  on  the 
township  west  line.     On  school  section,  [16,]  first  residents 


198  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

were  Robert  "Watkins  and  Wm.  Elliott  Land  sold  in  1832  to 
Daniel  Bradbury,  John  Brown,  Matthew  Holcomb,  Enos  Veal, 
Samuel  Adamson.  Itharaar  Lamb,  Milo  Bailey,  and  Lewis 
Strickler  live  on  it.  John  Bradbury,  from  Ohio,  in  1815,  and 
his  brother  Josiah  settled  on  Morgan's  creek.  John,  a  few 
years  after,  removed  to  the  Wabash,  and  in  1829  to  his  pres- 
ent residence  a  mile  west  of  town.  Daniel  Bradbury  early 
bought  of  his  brother  Josiah,  and  settled  where  Milton  R. 
Harris  now  resides ;  and  in  1866  at  his  present  residence  near 
town.  The  land  first  settled  by  John  Bradbury  is  now  owned 
by  Eulas  Bunnell.  David  Sears,  in  1820,  settled  on  land  now 
owned  by  Edwin  F.  Ogborn.  Enos  Yeal,  Jun.,  and  Elias  Yen- 
niman,  on  land  now  owned  by  Jane  Ogborn  and  John  Fowler. 
About  1828  or  1830,  Peter  Woolfert,  who  settled  about  1817 
in  section  27,  and  "Wm.  Ball,  settled  on  lands  now  owned  by 

E.  Merritt  Lamb  and  Jesse  W.  Brooks.  In  1821,  Eve,  widow 
of  Evan  Shoemaker,  (since  removed  to  Wabash,)  settled  on 
land  now  owned  by  Joseph  Lamb.  James  Starling,  on  the 
land  now  owned  by  Joseph  Long.  Henry  Riggs,  on  the  land 
Merritt  Lamb  owns.  Wm.  Ball  and  Frederic  Dean,  on  land 
now  owned  by  John  Gilmore  and  Eli  Wiseman. 

In  the  north  fart  of  the  township,  section  14,  Wm.  Under- 
bill settled  on  land  now  owned  by  John  Ball  and  Oliver  Wil- 
son. Jesse  and  Isaac  Baldwin,  on  land  now  owned  by  Enos 
Veal  and  John  Wilson's  heirs.  Philip  and  Henry  Renberger, 
about  1819,  on  land  now  owned  by  John  Gilmore  and  John 
Wilson's  heirs.  Henry  Garrett  and  Abraham  Elliott,  as  early 
as  1813  or  1814,  on  part  of  section  23;  lands  now  owned  by 
Samuel  Cook  and  Wm.  F.  Dean.     David  Young,  where  Wm. 

F.  Dean  resides.  Jonathan  Ross  and  John  Richter  settled 
where  M.  Funk  now  lives. 

Absalom  Williams,  born  in  ]N'ortli  Carolina  in  1775,  after  a 
residence  of  seven  years  near  Richmond,  entered  in  Clay  town- 
ship the  land  where  his  son  Henry  resides.  He  died  in  1868, 
at  the  age  of  93.  Wm.  Osborn,  about  1820,  setttled  near 
Washington,  and  died  in  1831,  aged  29.  Cyrus,  his  son,  re- 
sides half  a  mile  below  town.  Daniel  Williams,  born  in  ISTorth 
CaroUna  in  1792,  from  Pennsylvania  in  1833,  settled  in  the 


/^^--^N, 


Mi^CO^^^^^^    y^^^^t^y 


CLAY    TOWNSHIP.  199 

north-east  part  of  the  township,  where  Allen  M.  Harris  lives; 
now  resides  one  and  a  lialf  miles  east  of  AVashington. 

John  Brooks,  from  ^orth  Carolina,  in  1831,  to  this  county, 
settled,  in  1841,  on  the  land  entered  by  Wm.  Fox,  one  mile 
from  Washington,  and  is  now  living  half  a  mile  east  of  town. 

Thomas  Cook  settled,  at  an  early  day,  where  his  son  Samuel 
Cook  lives,  two  miles  north  from  Washington,  and  where  he 
died  in  1824,  aged  56.  He  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  first 
saddler  in  Washington.  Samuel  Ball,  born  in  Virginia,  from 
Tennessee  in  1820,  settled  where  Benjamin  Thorn  lives,  and 
died  in  1849,  near  where,  his  son  John  Ball  resides.  John 
Wilson,  from  South  Carolina,  about  1820,  settled  two  miles 
north-west  from  Washington,  where  he  died  in  1852,  aged  36. 
Joseph  Lamb,  from  Korth  Carolina,  settled,  in  1829,  on  land 
adjoining  Perry,  where  he  died  in  1855,  at  the  age  of  73.  His 
children  were,  Ezekiel,  deceased;  Esther,  Smith,  deceased; 
Elias,  Mournen,  Joseph,  Ithamar.  John  Bailey,  a  native  of 
Virginia,  from  Kentucky  about  1810  to  Richmond,  thence,  a 
few  years  after,  to  Perry,  and  next  to  Clay,  in  1859,  where  his 
son  Mile  resides;  died  in  1863,  aged  72.  Wm.  Hindman, 
from  Ohio,  in  1839,  settled  two  and  a  half  miles  west  of 
Washington,  and  died  in  1843,  aged  42.  George,  his  son,  lives 
on  the  west  line.  AVm.  Wright,  from  Maryland,  in  1825,  set- 
tled two  miles  south-east  from  town,  where  he  died  in  1854, 
aged  74.  Jacob,  his  son,  lives  one  and  a  half  miles  west  from 
town. 

Hugh  Allen,  from  Ohio  in  1820,  settled  three  miles  south- 
east from  Hagerstown,  near  where  he  died,  aged  6Q.  His  sou 
John  lives  about  two  miles  west  of  Washington  ;  Jacob,  an- 
other son,  in  Jefferson.  David  Cook,  from  Virginia,  about 
1831,  settled  one  mile  south  of  AVashington,  where  he  died  in 
1870,  aged  59.  Theodore,  his  son,  lives  two  miles  south-west 
from  town.  Emsley  Hoover,  from  Ohio,  about  1811,  settled 
on  Green's  Fork,  south-west  from  Washington,  where  his  son 
Owen  P.  lives;  died  in  1865,  aged  69.  Valentine  Poland,  born 
in  Virginia  in  1789  ;  served  in  the  war  of  1812.  In  1815  he 
bought,  and  in  1821  settled  on  the  laud  where  he  now  resides, 
south-west  corner  of  the  township. 

Henry  Garret  built  the  first  Grist-miU^  a  mile  and  a  half 


200  ■  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

above  town,  about  the  year  1814.  Jonas  Hatfield  soon  after 
commenced  building  a  saw-mill  that  year  at  Washington,  but 
not  living  to  finish  it,  it  was  completed  the  next  year  by  his 
son  Thomas,  who  four  or  five  years  after  also  built  a  grist-mill 
at  the  same  place.  Henry  Hoover,  (not  of  Richmond,)  about 
the  year  1840,  built  a  saw-mill  two  miles  below  Washington, 
and  afterward  sold  it  to  Samuel  Boyd,  who,  about  the  year 
1855,  also  built  a  grist-mill  at  the  same  place. 

About  the  year  1825 — perhaps  later — Thomas  Hatfield  built 
a  Carding  Machine  and  a  Falling  Mill  near  his  other  mills,  and 
after  running  them  about  a  year,  he  procured  of  Jesse  Bond 
a  site  a  fourth  of  a  mile  below,  to  which  he  removed  them,  and 
soon  after  sold  them  to  the  Bonds,  who  removed  them  further 
down  to  near  where  l^athan  Bond  resides. 

Wm.  IJnderhill  and  Joshua  Benny  are  said  to  have  been  the 
first  Blacksmiths  in  the  township. 

Lisbon  Basey  and  John  Russell,  in  partnership,  are  supposed 
to  have  been  the  first  Merchants,  in  the  year  1818 ;  next,  Allen 
Osborn  and  Wm.  Bunnell ;  and  next,  John  Martindale,  son  of 
James,  who,  in  1830,  sold  out  to  Mark  E.  Reeves,  who,  with 
an  additional  stock,  established  a  store  which  he  continued 
until  1840,  when  he  removed  to  Hagerstown,  continuing  an  in- 
terest in  the  store  at  Washington  in  partnership  with  James 
W.  Scott  for  about  five  years.  Jonathan  &  Stephen  Cofiin  com- 
menced trade  in  1843 ;  and  the  business  was  continued  by 
Stephen.  Present  merchants :  Dry  Goods — Dr.  Lorenzo  D. 
Personett  and  John  M.  McCowu.  Grocers — Allen  Daugherty, 
Wm.  S.  Hatfiekl. 

The  first  Physician  is  said  to  have  been  a  Dr.  Howard,  who 
was  soon  followed  by  Dr.  Johnson.  Dr.  William  Bunnell, 
who  came  about  the  year  1823,  is  said  by  some  to  have  been 
the  first  "  regular,"  licensed  physician.  He  died,  in  1853,  of 
cholera.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Rhodes  W.  Bunnell. 
Lorenzo  D.  Personett  came  in  1844.  The  two  last-mentioned 
are  the  present  practicing  physicians. 

Abraham  Elliott  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  Justice  of 
the  Peace  within  what  is  now  Clay  township ;  the  next,  per- 
haps, was  John  Martindale,  brother  of  James. 

The  Friends  formed  the  first  Religious  Society;  and  a  log 


CLAY    TOWNSHIP.  201 

meeting-house  was  built  as  early  as  1814  or  1815,  by  Josse 
Bofld,  below  the  towni,  near  the  grave-yard.  A  frame  house 
was  afterward  built  at  or  near  the  same  place.  After  the 
schisai  of  1828,  those  calling  themselves  "Orthodox"  built  a 
house  about  a  mile  north-east  of  town,  on  land  given  for  that 
purpose  by  Jolin  Baldwin.  The  only  society  in  the  vicinity 
now  holds  its  meetings  in  this  house, 

A  Methodist  Church  was  organized  at  an  early  day;  but  in 
what  year  has  not  been  ascertained.  Their  meetings  were 
early  held  at  the  house  of  James  Porter,  in  the  vicinity  of  the 
Friends'  meeting-house,  north  of  town.  In  1815,  Rev.  "Wm. 
Hunt  was  on  Whitewater  circuit,  and  is  known  to  have 
preached  iu  this  place.  Among  the  early  members  were 
James  Porter^  James  Odell,  Wm.  Fox,  and  their  wives,  and 
Polly  Morgan,  whose  husband  had  been  killed  .by  Indians  at 
Morgan's  Creek.  The  names  of  preachers  who  succeeded 
Mr.  Hunt  on  Whitewater  circuit  are  given  elsewhere. 

The  church  of  the  United  Brethren  is  said  to  have  existed 
upward  of  thirty  years.  The  precise  date  of  its  forma- 
tion is  not  remembered.  The  society  built  a  frame  meeting- 
house near  the  creek,  which  they  occupied  until  1870,  when 
their  new  brick  house  in  town  was  completed. 

The  Town  of  Washington  was  laid  out  by  Thomas  Hatfield, 
and  the  description  of  the  original  plat,  certified  by  him  as 
proprietor,  and  Abraham  Elliott,  surveyor,  September  28, 1818, 
was  acknowledged  for  record  November  19,  1818. 

A  Block-house  without  a  fort  was  built  in  war-time  on  or 
near  Joshua  Benny's  farm,  a  mile  north  of  Washington.  On 
John  Martindale's  land,  four  miles  west  of  this  town,  a  fort 
and  block-house  were  built  by  Martindale  and  his  sons,  Elijah 
and  William,  Charles  Morgan,  Reynolds  Fielder,  Jacob 
Gallon,  and  Jonathan  Shaw. 

A  Lodge  of  Free  Masons,  Acacia,  No.  242,  was  organized 
under  dispensation  January  29, 1859,  and  held  its  first  meeting 
February  15,  1859.  Its  charter  is  dated  May  25,  1859.  Its 
officers  were  Rhodes  W.  Bunnell,  W.  M. ;  Wm.  McCafi"erty, 
S.  W. ;  Hugh  H.  Keys,  J.  W. ;  Charles  Evans,  Treasurer ; 
Daniel  J).  Rogers,  Secretary.  Walter  Rogers,  Sen.  Deacon; 
Samuel  Cook,  Deacon. 
14 


202  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Green's  Fork  Lodge,  No.  184,  1.  0.  0.  F.,  was  instituted 
February  25,  1857,  with  the  following  named  persons  as  the 
first  ofiicers:  James  W.  Scott,  N.  G. ;  Calvin  Conner,  V.  G.; 
Thomas  M.  Kerr,  Secretary ;  Joseph  F.  Reynolds,  Treasurer. 

Bellis  Fncamjjment,  No.  71,  /.  0.  0.  F.,  was  instituted  Au- 
gust 31,  1865.  First  officers:  George  W.  Ebersol,  C.  P.; 
John  Bean,  H.  P.;  Joseph  Ludlum,  S.  W. ;  George  W.  Davis, 
J.  W. ;  Lorenzo  D.  Personett,  Scribe ;  Adam  Reinheimer, 
Treasurer. 

Biographical  and  Genealogical. 

Jesse  Bond  was  born  in  Grayson  county,  Ya.,  and  was  mar- 
ried to  Phebe  Commons,  a  daughter  of  Robert  Commons,  in 
North  Carolina.  In  1807  he  emigrated  from  Virginia  to  Indiana 
Territory,  and  settled  on  the  farm  on  which  the  Earlham  College 
buildings  stand.  In  1813  he  removed  to  a  farm  near  the  present 
town  of  Washington,  where  he  continued  to  reside  until  his 
decease,  April  11,  1862.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Society  of 
Friends  and  a  minister  from  his  youth.  He  was  one  of  the 
earliest  ministers  of  the  Whitewater  meeting.  The  existence 
of  American  slavery  he  deplored  most  deeply;  and  had  his 
life  been  protracted  another  short  year,  he  would  have  had  the 
satisfaction  of  witnessing  its  overthrow.  He  is  represented  as 
having  been  exemplary  in  his  deportment,  and  singularly  faith- 
ful in  the  discharge  of  domestic,  social,  and  religious  duties. 
He  had  eleven  children. 

1.  Nathan,  who  married  Tamar  Kenworthy.  2.  Robert,  who 
married  Rachel  Thornburg,  and  died  in  1864.  3.  John,  who 
married  Mary  Barnard,  and  died  in  1867.  4.  William  C,  who 
married  Hannah  Locke,  daughter  of  Wm.  Locke,  an  early 
settler  in  Perry.  5.  Fnos,  who  married  Susan  Hoover,  and 
removed  to  ISTewcastle,  where  she  died  in  1869.  6.  Iso7n,  who 
married  Dinah  Kenworthy,  and  removed  to  Miami  county, 
Ind.,  where  he  died  in  1847.  His  widow  married  Jediah  Bond ; 
they  live  at  Louisville,  Henry  county.  7.  Ruth,  wife  of  Will- 
iam Nicholson,  and  resides  at  Newcastle.  8.  Hannah,  wife  of 
John  Wilson,  who  died  in  1852.  9.  Isaac,  who  married,  first, 
Catharine  Eargood,  and  resides  at  Peru ;  second,  Millicent 
Mendenhall.     10.  Jesse,  who  married,  first,  Jane  Cox ;  second. 


^^mm 


iV 


MLE&3T0ME  F®y\[« 


CLAY    TOWNSHIP.  203 

Harriet  Ilaugh,  and  resides  at  Peru.  11.  Li/dia,  wife  of  Oliver 
Mendeiihall,  and  resides  at  JSTewcastle, 

Daniel  Bradbury  was  born  in  Warren  county,  Ohio,  in  tTie 
North-western  Territory,  September  22,  1800.  He  removed 
to  this  county  in  1819,  and  settled  in  what  is  now  Clay  town- 
ship, on  Morgan's  creek,  three  miles  north-west  of  Washington. 
He  was  married,  August  23,  1821,  to  Mary  Elliott,  at  Jack- 
sonburg.  In  1866  he  removed  to  the  farm  on  which  he  now 
resides,  half  a  mile  north  of  the  town.  He  had  six  children,  of 
Avhom  three  died  young.  Of  those  who  survived  them,  John 
died  from  injuries  received  from  the  running  away  of  a  team; 
his  widow  and  a  son  died  a  few  years  after.  Jane  married, 
first,  James  Wilson,  who  died  about  three  years  after  his  mar- 
riage; second,  Edwnn  F.  Ogburn.  Matilda  married  Milton  R. 
Harris.  All  reside  in  the,  neighborhood  of  Sugar  Grove.  Mrs. 
Bradbury  died  April  4,  1868.  Mr.  B.  married  for  his  second 
wife,  Hannah  Buck  in  1869.  He  was  in  1839  elected  a  county 
commissioner.  In  1840  he  was  elected  a  representative  in  the 
legislature,  and  in  1841  declined  a  nomination.  He  has  also 
served  for  thirteen  years  as  assessor,  principally  in  four  town- 
ships, and  for  twelve  years  as  superintendent  of  the  county 
asylum. 

Valentine  Foland  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1789,  and  was 
married  in  1811  to  Sarah  Roler.  He  served  in  the  war  of  1 812. 
In  1815  he  purchased,  and  in  1821  he  settled  on  the  land 
where  he  now  resides,  in  the  south-west  corner  of  the  town- 
ship. Anne,  his  daughter,  born  December,  1811,  was  married, 
in  1828,  to  John  Kepler,  of  Harrison,  and  had  a  daughter, 
Mary  Catharine,  who  was  born  in  1839,  and  was  married,  in 
1856,  to  Wm.  A.  Black.  Their  children  living  are  Lycurgus, 
Virginia  B.,  Frank  M.,  and  Charles. 

Henry  Hoover,  a  native  of  IsTorth  Carolina,  from  Ohio  in 
1811,  settled  on  the  land  now  owned  by  his  son  John,  two 
miles  south  of  Washington.  He  died  in  1842,  aged  68.  His 
children  were  Lelah,  Rebecca,  Levi,  Rachel,  Andrew,  Nancy, 
Elizabeth,  Catharine,  Henry,  and  John,  of  whom  Lelah,  Eliza- 
betli,  Catharine,  Henry,  and  John  are  living. 

Samuel  Ogburn,  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  came  from  Ohio 
to  Washington  in  1825,  and  died  in  1839  about  a  mile  and  a 


204  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

half  west  from  town.  His  children  were  Joseph;  Mary,  de- 
ceased; Edwin  F. ;  Allen  W.,  who  lives  in  Dublin;  Evan; 
Ljdia,  wife  of  Francis  Elliott;  Ezra,  in  Chariton,  Iowa;  Joel, 
Union  Mills,  Iowa;  Ann,  deceased,  wife  of  Rev.  G.  H.  Bird, 
Fairview,  Eandolph  county. 


DALTON  TOWNSHIP. 

The  township  of  Dalton  was  formed  from  Perry  in  1847,  and 
lies  in  the  north-west  corner  of  the  county.  It  is  four  miles 
square,  containing  an  area  of  sixteen  square  miles.  Of  the 
lands  comprised  in  this  township,  only  a  narrow  gore,  about 
three-fourths  of  a  mile  wide  on  the  south  line,  and  coming  to 
a  point  about  three  miles  north,  on  the  Perry  line,  lies  within 
the  Twelve  Mile  Purchase;  consequently  none  but  this  was 
ready  for  sale  to  settlers  until  1822.  Several  families,  however, 
settled  west  of  that  Purchase  several  years  prior  to  the  sale 
by  the  Glovernment. 

Aquila  "West  settled  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Lyndsey 
Dennis,  near  the  town,  as  early,  probably,  as  1818  or  1819. 
He  removed  some  years  after  from  the  county.  James  Lind- 
ley  settled,  soon  after  West,  south-east  from  town,  on  West 
Kiver,  where  Jesse  Fonts  now  resides.  He  removed  from  the 
township,  and  died.  Seth  Mills,  from  Tennessee,  settled  on  the 
farm  now  owned  by  Isaac  W.  Beeson.  These,  and  some  in 
other  parts  of  the  township,  settled  before  the  lands  were  of- 
fered for  sale. 

Joseph  Davis,  from  North  Carolina  to  Ohio,  in  1808,  re- 
moved, in  1823,  to  the  farm  on  which  he  now  resides,  near 
town.  Charles  Burroughs,  from  Virginia,  purchased  a  mile 
and  a  half  north  of  town,  in  1822,  and  settled  permanently 
half  a  mile  north  of  town,  in  1826,  where  he  now  resides. 
Isaac  W.  Beeson,  from  North  Carolina,  settled  early  near 
Franklin,  and  in  1835  where  he  now  resides,  near  and  west  of 
Dalton.  Isaac  Reynolds,  from  North  Carolina,  settled  near 
Franklin,  on  land  bought  by  his  father  of  Sampson  Smith, 
now  owned  by  Wilson  Reynolds.  Nathan  Baldwin,  from 
North  Carolina,  near  town,  in  1880  or  1831,  where  he  still  re- 


DALTON    TOWNSHIP.  205 

sides.  Thomas  E.  Beeson,  from  Korth  Carolina,  son  of  Isaac 
Beeson,  about  1831,  one  mile  east  of  town.  Pleasant  Harris, 
from  K'orth  Carolina,  near  Franklin;  land  now  owned  by 
Thomas  and.  Wilson  Dennis;  had.  settled  early  in  New  Garden; 
came  to  Dalton  before  the  land,  sales ;  removed  to  Iowa,  and 
died  there.  Benj.  F.  Beeson,  from  North  Carolina,  near 
Franklin ;  land  now  owned  by  John  Bering,  Thomas  Is^ichol- 
son,  and  others.  Thomas  Antrim,  from  Tennessee,  about 
1820,  three-quarters  of  a  mile  north  of  towm;  land  now  owned 
by  Charles  Burroughs  and  Isaac  Covalt.  Samuel  Beeson,  half 
a  mile  east  of  Dalton,  about  1826;  died  there,  aged  about  94 
years.     Land  tirst  settled  by  Wm.  Main. 

In  the  north-western  part  of  the  township,  Andrew  Starbuck 
settled  where  widow  Tinkle  lives.  Thomas  Burroughs,  from 
Virginia,  father  of  Charles,  on  land  sold  to  Joseph  Routh, 
now  owned  by  Col.  Thompson.  In  the  north-east  quarter  of 
the  township,  Wm.  Maudlin  and  Wright  Spradlin  settled  on 
the  county  line,  and  still  reside  there.  Dempsey  Thornburg, 
where  he  now  resides.  George  M.  Lee,  where  George  M. 
Jordan  lives.  Isaac  Routh,  from  Tennessee,  where  a  widow 
Routh  now  lives.  Routh  removed  to  Wells  county,  and  died 
there.  Henry  Mills,  on  the  farm  lately  owned  by  James 
Lumpkius,  who  died  there  in  1870.  Henry  Thornburg,  from 
Tennessee,  about  1820,  died  on  his  farm,  now  owned  by 
Richard  C.  Cheeseman.  Sophia  Williams,  before  land  sales; 
land  descended  to  her  sons,  Henry  and  Joseph ;  now  occupied 
by  Henry,  and  by  JSTathan  Dennis.  Enoch  Gardner;  land  now 
owned  by  Wesley  S.  Leadbetter.  Joseph  Brewer,  a  native  of 
I^orth  Carolina,  from  Tennessee,  on  land  now  owned  by  John 
W.  Jordan. 

In  the  south-east  part  of  the  township,  were  the  following : 
Wm.  Wright,  on  Perry  line ;  land  now  owned  by  Jesse 
Weaver.  Charles  Howell,  from  North  Carolina,  before  land 
sales;  land  now  owned  by  his  sons,  Larkin  and  Joseph,  and 
John  H.  Thornburg.  He  lives  with  Joseph.  He  and  Henry 
Williams  are  the  only  men  living  who  settled  in  the  township 
before  the  land  sales.  Isaac  Macy, from  Tennessee;  land  now 
occupied  by  his  widow  and  heirs.  John  Aaron  Locke,  from 
Perry,  settled  where  he  now  resides.     Jacob  Bales,  from  Ten- 


206  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

iiessee,  on  "West  River  before  land  sales,  on  land  now  owned 
by  Ricbard  C.  Cheeseman.  George  Petro,  a  blacksmitb,  prob- 
ably tbe  first  in  tbe  township,  on  land  owned  by  Richard  C. 
Cheeseman.  John  Strode,  on  land  now  occupied  by  George 
Pierce.  James  Strode,  from  Kentucky,  adjoining  his  son  John; 
died  on  the  farm,  now  occupied  by  his  widow  and  Thomas 
Beeson.  Wm.  Thoruburg,  Sen.,  from  Tennessee,  an  early 
settler  on  "West  River;  land  now  occupied  by  Thomas  E. 
Thornburg.  Lewis,  Henry,  and  Larkin  Thornburg,  sons  of 
Henry,  Sen.,  removed  to  Iowa,  where  Larkin  died.  The  farm  of 
Henry  is  now  owned  by  Richard  0.  Cheeseman  ;  that  of  Lewis, 
by  !N"athau  W.  Strode ;  and  that  of  Larkin,  by  J.  A.  Locke. 
John  Evans,  a  Baptist  minister,  settled  on  laud  now  owned  by 
Samuel  Brown.  Abraham  Tout,  from  Tennessee,  who  died  of 
a  cancer,  on  land  owned  by  Cornelius  Thornburg  and  Jesse 
W.  Locke.  John  Barr,  a  native  of  Scotland,  on  land  now 
occupied  by  his  widow  and  son  John.  Joseph  Keever,  from 
Ohio,  on  land  owned  by  Jackson  Keever  and  David  Fleming's 
heirs.  Martin  Keever,  adjoining  his  brother  Joseph ;  was 
killed  by  lightning  seven  or  eight  years  ago.  His  heirs  still 
reside  there.  Jesse  Osborn,  from  Tennessee,  on  land  lately 
owned  by  Seneca  Keever,  now  by  Samuel  Brown. 

In  the  south-iuest  quarter  of  the  township,  Jonathan  Evans, 
settled  on  land  now  owned  by  Joseph  Weaver.  Joseph  John- 
son, from  North  Carolina,  about  1820,  a  mile  south  of  Frank- 
lin;  died  there;  present  owner,  Branson  Dennis.  John  Smith, 
from  Pennsylvania ;  present  owners,  B.  Dennis,  J.  G.  Allen, 
Wm.  Baldwin.  Peter  Smith,  from  Tennessee,  about  1822; 
died  on  his  farm  about  three  years  ago ;  his  wife  a  year  before. 
His  son-in-law,  James  Con  away,  resides  on  the  farm.  Aaron 
Lesh,  from  Ohio,  about  the  same  time  as  Smith ;  present 
owner,  Martha  i^ewcomb.  Thomas  Richardson,  on  land  now 
owned  by  Abraham  Smith.  Thomas  Marshall,  from  Tennessee, 
before  land  sale?;  died  on  the  farm,  now  or  lately  owned  by 
John  and  Alexander  Ditch,  and  occupied  by  John.  Stephen 
Lear,  from  Ohio,  where  Levi  Harter  now  lives.  Daniel  Ulrich, 
from  Ohio,  son  of  John  Ulrich,  of  Jefferson  township,  about 
1824,  in  the  south-west  corner  of  the  township,  adjoining  the 
White  Branch  Woolen  Mills.  Benj.  Beeson,  from  North  Car- 
olina, bought  of Lear  one  mile  south  of  Franklin,  where 


DALTON    TOWNSHIP.  207 

Levi  Harter  resides.  Sons  of  B.  Beeson  are  Isaac  W.,  Ben- 
jamin F.,  Silas  H.,  Ithamar,  Charles  0.,  who  resides  at  Kew 
Buffalo,  Michigan,  and  has  a  son  Jehu,  at  Anderson,  Madison 
county. 

Besides  those  already  mentioned,  who  settled  near  Dalton 
and  Franklin,  the  following  maybe  added  :  Zachariah  Beeson, 
one  mile  north  of  Dalton,  in  1824;  was  a  gunsmith,  and  had  a 
corn-cracker  and  a  saw-mill ;  land  now  owned  by  John  Payne. 
Hezekiah  Beeson,  from  North  Carolina,  an  early  settler  near 
Franklin ;  sold  to  Wm.  Beeson  ;  land  now  owned  by  George 
JSTicholson  and  others.  Isaac  Beeson,  from  ISTorth  Carolina, 
one  mile  east  of  Dalton,  about  1831 ;  name  of  present  owner 
not  learned. 

The  first  Tannery  m  the  township  was  built  by  Benj.  F.  Bee- 
son, who  settled  near  Franklin.  It  was  afterward  carried  on 
by  Jesse  Evans,  who  now  resides  in  Iowa. 

The  first  Grist-mill  was  built  in  1824  or  1825,  by  Charles 
Stout,  from  North  Carolina,  near  Lindley's  farm.  Seth  Mills 
built  the  next  at  Dalton,  about  the  year  1826.  Pleasant  Har- 
ris and  Tense  Massey,  about  the  same  time,  built  the  first  saio- 
mill  near  Franklin.  Benj.  F.  Beeson,  soon  after,  built  a  grist- 
mill on  Mill  Branch,  half  a  mile  south  of  Franklin  ;  and  near 
the  same  place  an  oil-mill  was  built  by  Beeson  Brothers.  Jesse 
Baldwin  also  built  an  oil-mill  near  Dalton,  about  the  year  1832 
or  1833.  In  1837,  the  Dalton  Steam  llill  Comjmny  built  on 
Nettle  Creek  a  steam  saw-mill  and  a  grist-mill.  Both  were 
burned  about  the  year  1848.  The  saw-mill  only  was  rebuilt. 
In  1840,  Beeson  Brothers  built  a  grist-mill  in  the  }ilace  of 
their  old  saw-mill.  About  1850,  James  Maulsby  built  a 
grist-mill  a  little  below  the  site  of  the  old  grist-mill  on  Mill 
Branch.     The  old  grist-mill  and  oil-mill  are  both  gone. 

Henry  Thoruburg  built  on  West  Piver,  some  thirt}'  years 
ago,  a  saw-mill;  also  at  the  same  place  a  Carding  3Iachinc, 
which  run  about  twenty  years. 

The  first  llerchant  in  the  township  is  said  to  have  l)een  Benj. 
F.  Beeson,  at  Franklin  ;  others  say  Hezekiah  Beeson.  Aaron 
Mills  is  named  as  an  early  mercliant  at  Dalton.  Charles  Bee- 
son is  known  to  have  traded  at  Franklin  in  1830.  Also,  Silas, 
Lewis,  and  Aaron  Lesh,  Oliver  and  Joseph  Williams,  Silas  B. 


208  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Maulsby,  Benj.  B.  Beeson,  Wm.  Thornbiirg,  and  "Wm.  and 
Enos  Canaday,  are  said  to  have  traded  at  Franklin.  At  Dal- 
ton,  between  1838  and  1845,  John  W.  Williamson,  Jehu  T. 
Elliott,  and  Henry  D.  Root ;  and  at  different  times,  Joseph 
Ruth,  J.  and  D.  Canaday,  David  and  William  Chamness, 
Robert  Lumpkin,  and  Thomas  McCracken.  Present  mer- 
chants at  Franklin  :  John  Macy,  dry  goods ;  Millikin  Hockett, 
groceries.  At  Dalton :  Wm.  S.  Chamness,  Riley  Chamness, 
both  dry  goods. 

Dr.  Silas  Beeson,  the  first  resident  Physician  in  the  town- 
ship, settled  at  Franklin  about  1830,  and  died  there.  Later, 
were  Henry  Carver,  Erhart,  and  Patterson.  John  W.  Smith 
(botanic)  was  the  first  at  Dalton,  in  1836.  Later,  were  Wm. 
Dickey  (1840),  Drs.  Simmons,  J.  R.  Brown,  Guinther,  Windle, 
Showalter,  and  the  present  physician,  John  Stonebraker. 

The  Whife  Branch  Woolen  Mills  are  on  the  White  Branch 
stream,  two  miles  south  of  Franklin.  A  building  was  erected 
by  Daniel  Ulrich  for  a  grist  mill,  but  he  put  into  it  machinery 
for  a  woolen  factory.  In  the  year  1854,  it  was  bought  by 
Wm.  and  Josiah  Test.  The  establishment  has  since  been 
much  enlarged  by  the  erection  of  buildings  and  the  increase 
of  machinery.  The  present  proprietors  are  Wm.  and  Rufus 
Test,  and  Josiah  V.  Jones,  [Test  Brothers  &  Jones.]  It  has 
two  sets  of  machines,  and  two  roll-cards,  and  nine  looms.  The 
goods  manufactured  are  jeans,  satinets,  cassimeres,  flannels, 
blankets,  and  yarn.  Custom  work,  as  carding,  spinning,  and 
cloth-dressing,  is  also  done  at  this  establishment. 

The  first  School-house  in  the  township  is  said  to  have  stood 
where  Dalton  now  is,  and  Luke  Wiles  to  have  been  the  first 
teacher.  Although  the  common  schools  in  this  township  are 
probably  not  inferior  to  those  of  other  townships  of  the  county, 
there  is  no  high  or  graded  school  in  it,  owing,  probably,  to  the 
fact  that  it  has  no  town  of  sufficient  population  to  require  or 
sustain  one. 

The  earliest  Religious  Society  in  the  township  was  that  of  the 
Friends,  who  organized  a  meeting  about  the  year  1827  or  1828, 
at  West  River,  and  held  their  meetings  at  first  in  a  log  house. 
Another  was  formed  a  few  years  later  at  Franklin,  where  they 
built  a  frame  house.     Both  meetings  still  exist.     Here,  as  at 


DALTON    TOWNSHIP.  209 

some  other  places,  the  antislavery  as^itation  caused  a  temporary 
disunion.  No  other  division  has  existed  here.  Absuloni  Den- 
nis, Miles  Mendenhall,  Mahlon.Chamness,  and  Mahlon  Dennis 
are  among  the  names  of  residents  who  have  been  preachers. 

The  3Iethodists,  at  a  later  date,  formed  a  chiss  at  Dalton,  and 
had  preaching  for  a  short  time.  None  has  existed  here  for 
many  years.  A  church,  a  portion  of  whose  members  reside  in 
this  township,  was  formed  about  forty  years  ago,  and  built  a 
meeting-house  a  mile  and  a  half  north  of  Dalton,  on  the  north 
side  of  Randolph  county  line.     This  society  still  exists. 

The  Ba2:)tists  also  had  in  Dalton  a  society  and  a  meeting- 
house, and  had  preaching  a  part  of  the  time.  James  Austin 
was  their  first  preacher.  A  church,  formed  by  a  union  of  two 
or  more  smaller  ones,  many  years  ago  built  a  meeting-house  a 
little  north  of  the  line  of  Randolph  county.  Into  this  church 
the  societ}^  at  Dalton  was  merged. 

The  United  Brethren  have  had  a  society  and  a  meeting-house, 
about  two  miles  east  of  Dalton,  about  twenty  years.  Ab. 
Tout  gave  the  land  for  the  grave-yard,  Lewis  Weaver  the 
ground  for  the  church.  Earl}-  members  of  this  church  were 
Jeannetta  Barr,  afterward  wife  of  AVm.  jSIarshall,  and  her  sis- 
ter Mar\%  wife  of  Abraham  Smith  ;  Henry  Bailes,  John  Bailes, 
Lewis  Bailes,  AYm.  Linley,  [now  a  Danker  preacher.]  They 
have  had  as  preachers.  Dr.  Richardson,  Daniel  Stober,  John 
Brown,  Alexander  Carroll,  and  perhaps  others.  Their  present 
preacher  [1871]  is  James  M.  Cook. 

The  Town  of  Dalton  was  laid  out  by  Tense  ^Nlassey  and 
Joseph  Davis,  pro[)rietors,  and  Joseph  Davis,  survej'or.  The 
plat  bears  date  January  25,  1828.  An  addition  was  afterward 
made  by  Joseph  Davis,  and,  in  1836,  another  by  Nathan  Bald- 
win. 

The  Town  of  Franklin  was  laid  out  by  Benj.  F.  Beeson  and 
oilas  II.  Beeson.  The  plat,  signed  by  them  as  pro[U'ietors, 
and  Thomas  Stanford  as  surveyor,  was  recorded  January  7, 
1832. 

Isaac  Macy  and  Wm.  Davis  were  the  first  Justices  of  the 
Peace  of  the  township  after  its  organization.      The  present 
justices  are  "Wm.  Chamness  and  John  AV.  Macy. 
15 


210  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

BiogrcLphical  and  Genealogical. 

Charles  Burroughs  was  born  in  Frederick  county,  Vir- 
ginia, December  20,  1794.  He  removed  with  bis  father  to 
Warren  county,  Ohio  ;  and  in  1814  to  Washington  township, 
in  this  county.  In  1822  he  purchased  land  a  mile  north  of 
where  the  town  of  Dalton  now  is,  and  settled  on  it  perma- 
nently in  1826.  He  married  in  August,  1826,  Jane  Harris, 
daughter  of  Pleasant  Harris,  who  was  born  July  26,  1811. 
They  had  fourteen  children,  as  follows :  1.  John  C,  formerly 
a  practicing  physician  in  Henry  county,  now  a  farmer  in  Har- 
rison. 2.  Abigail,  who  married  Thomas  B.  Williams,  and 
died  in  Economy  in  1870.  3.  Francis  M.,  who  married  Emily 
Eouth,  and  died  in  Wells  county,  June,  1862.  4.  Jonathan 
31.,  who  married  Eleanor  Thornburg,  was  1st  Lieut,  in  Com- 
pany C,  9th  Indiana  Eegimeut,  and  died  from  wounds  re- 
ceived near  Franklin,  Tennessee.  5.  Hannah,  who  married 
Robert  Lumpkin,  and  died  in  Randolph  county.  6.  James 
31.,  who  married  Adaliza  Gilmore.  7.  Arminta,  who  died  at 
4.     8.  Letty,  who  married  Beuj.  Hunt,  and  resides  in  Kansas. 

9.  Cassias  31.,  who  was  in  the  late  war;  married  Sarah  ISTetF. 

10.  Maria,   who    married  Isaac    Cavalt.      11.    Thomas;    12. 
Laura  B.;  13.  Emma;  14.  3Iary. 

William  Chamness,  from  North  Carolina,  came  to  Dalton 
township  [the  date  and  the  place  of  settlement  not  ascer- 
tained.] He  had  six  sons,  who  settled  in  and  near  Wayne 
county  :  1.  Nathan,  who  lives  one  mile  west  from  the  town. 
2.  Jose2)h,  who  resides  one  and  a  half  miles  north-west  from 
town.  3.  Isaac,  who  settled  in  Randolph  county.  4.  Will- 
iam, who  settled  one  and  a  quarter  miles  north-east  from 
town.  5.  Joshua,  who  lives  in  Randolph  county.  8.  Jesse, 
who  settled  a  mile  north-west  from  town. 

Sons  of  Nathan  Chamness  are,  William  S.,  a  merchant  of 
Dalton ;  David,  who  resides  with  his  father.  Riley,  son  of 
William,  is  also  a  merchant  in  Dalton.  Jehu,  also  a  son  of 
William,  is  a  wagon-maker.  Larkin  resides  three-quarters  of 
a  mile  east,  and  is  a  farmer.     Seth  resides  in  Richmond. 

Joseph  Davis  was  born  in  Chatham  county,  North  Carolina, 
October  3,   1785.     He    removed   with   his   father  to   Surry 


FRAXKLIN    TOWNSHIP.  211 

county  and  mavried,  May  31,  1807,  Catharine  Farsner,  who 
was  born  Jan.  15,  1787.  He  removed  to  Ohio  in  1808,  and 
thence,  in  1823,  to  the  pkice  where  he  now  resides,  near  the 
town  of  Dalton.  His  wife  died  in  September,  1870.  Tlieir 
children  were  :  1.  Nathan,  who  married  Hannah  Moore,  re- 
moved to  Henry  county,  where  he  died,  Jan.  1,  1870.  2. 
WiUicim.,  who  married  Abigail  Wright,  removed  to  Howard 
county,  and  died  there.  3.  Mary,  wlio  married  David  Bald- 
win, and  resides  in  Hamilton  county.  4.  ^l?nia,  who  married, 
first,  Xewton  Baldwin  ;  second,  Daniel  Thornburg,  5.  George, 
who  married  Charlotte  Baldwin,  and  removed  to  Grant 
county.  6.  John,  who  married  Caroline  Chamness  ;  resides 
on  the  homestead.  7.  Edwin  TF.,  who  married  Kezia  Baler, 
and  lives  in  Randolph  county.     8.  Lewis,  who  died  at  10. 


FRANKLIN  TOWNSHIP. 

Franklin  township  was  formed  from  New  Garden,  ]May, 
1834.  Its  shape  is  oldong,  being  7  miles  in  length,  north  and 
south,  and  4  miles  in  breadth,  east  and  Avest,  containing  28 
square  miles  of  territory.  The  Richmond  and  Hillsboro' 
turnpike  enters  the  toAvnship  one  mile  west  of  the  Ohio  line  ; 
and  the  road  runs  along  the  lines  of  lots  straight  through  the 
township  to  its  north  line.  Its  principal  stream  is  the  Middle 
Fork  of  Whitewater,  which  enters  the  township  from  Ohio, 
about  2J  miles  south  of  the  north-east  corner,  and  runs 
almost  directly  south,  about  half  a  mile  from  the  Ohio  line, 
to  the  south  line  of  the  township. 

The  first  settler  within  the  township  is  believed  to  have 
been  Isaac  Commons,  from  jSTorth  Carolina,  in  1808  or  1800, 
one  mile  north  of  Middleboro',  on  land  now  owned  by  William, 
son  of  John  M.  Addleman.  lie  was  soon  followed  by  Robert 
Morrisson  on  the  lot  adjoining,  north,  which  he  sold  to  Henry 
Paleu,  and  Paleu  to  Joseph  Ashton.  John  Nicholson  settled 
on  land  now  owned  by  J.  M.  Cox  and  Joseph  Nicholson. 
Barnabas  Boswell,  on  the  south  line,  land  now  owned  by  E. 
Townsend  and  John  Cox.  Isaac  Hiatt,  on  the  quarter  now 
owned    by  J.  Butters   and  Robert  Cox.     All  of  these,  it  is 


212  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

believed,  were  Friends  from  ]^ortli  Carolina,  except  IN'ichol- 
son  and  Ashton,  who  came  from  Delaware. 

A  little  later,  the  following  named  persons  settled  in  this, 
the  south-east  part  of  the  township  :  Dr.  John  Thomas,  on 
the  south  line,  where  his  grandson,  Henry  W.  Thomas  re- 
sides ;  the  land  first  settled  by  Isaac  Hiatt,  as  above  stated. 
Edward  Barton,  on  land  now  owned  by  Wm.  Barton.  John 
ISTicholson  also  owned,  and  sold  to  Wm.  "Webster,  the  land 
now  owned  by  Wm.  E.  Barton.  Charles  Teas,  from  Dela- 
ware, settled  on  the  land  now  owned  by  John  Townsend.  John 
Zimmerman,  from  Pa.,  on  state  line,  now  owned  by  Edward 
Starbuck,  Jun.,  and  William  Strawbridge.  Benjamin  Elliott, 
l!^.  C,  where  Abraham  W.,  his  son,  resides ;  lived  there  until 
his  death.  James  Wickersham,  on  the  quarter  now  owned 
by  W.  Kewbern,  S.  Williams,  and  J.  Dufiee  ;  John  White, 
on  part  of  section  2,  now  owned  by  John  11.  Smith  and 
Joseph  P.  Addleman. 

In  the  south-west  part  of  the  township  John  P.  Thomas  set- 
tled, where  his  sons,  John,  George,  and  Henry  now  own,  on 
the  south  line.  Jonathan  Grave,  from  Delaware,  on  laud  now 
owned  by  II.  G.  Mckle;  Wm.  Starbuck,  IST.  C,  where  Joshua 
Jeffries  lives;  Benj.  Harris,  ]S[.  C,  where  Daniel  C.  Eich  lives; 
Paul  Swain,  JST.  C,  where  D.  Taylor  owns ;  Meshech  Llew- 
ellyn, afterward  Wm.  Starbuck,  where  Joshua  Elliott  lives; 
Elijah  Mnndin,  the  quarter  now  owned  by  John  M.  Brown  and 
James  V.  Marshall ;  Edward  B.  Hunt,  N.  C,  on  the  quarter 
since  owned  by  N.  S.,  William,  and  Jesse  Hunt;  John  Yenard, 
where  S.  Smith  lives;  Joseph  Brown,  Pa.,  wiiere  he  still  re- 
sides; John  Simmons  and  Thomas  Fisher,  IST.  C,  east  half  of 
the  two  east  quarters  of  section  33,  and  Daniel  Fisher  the  west 
half  of  said  quarters,  the  latter  now  owned  by  James  Perry,  of 
Richmond;  Micajah  Jones,  IST.  C,  the  south-west  quarter  of 
section  33,  now  owned  by  Elihu  Hunt. 

The  progress  of  settlement  northward  was  materially  retarded 
by  apprehensions  of  danger  from  the  Indians,  until  after  the 
close  of  the  war  of  1812^  Job  Elliott,  K  C,  in  1815  settled 
half  a  mile  south  of  the  present  town  of  Whitewater,  where 
F.  Fonts  lately  lived,  now  Josiah  White.  Stephen  Elliott  on 
quarter  adjoining  town.     Wm.  Hunt,  N.  C,  on  the  east  side  of 


FRANKLIN    TOWNSHIP.  213 

town  ;  land  afterward  sold  to  John  Uiitliank,  and  next  to  Jolin 
White;  now  owned  principally  hy  Handy  D.  Bowen.  Henry 
ISTewton,  from  England,  where  John  Pyle  lives  on  state  line. 
Jonathan  Commons  on  state  line,  where  David  Stidham  lives. 
Thomas  Mason,  from  N.  C,  in  1816,  near  town,  on  the  qnarter 
now  owned  by  AYm.  Addleman  and  Joseph  S.  Wood.  In  1818 
Samuel  AVilliams,  from  IST.  C,  near  town,  on  land  no^v  owned 
by  James  K.  Dugdale  and  Peter  T.  Parris.  Henry  Garrett, 
N.  C.,land  now  owned  by  James  Garrett,  Hiram  Snpplee,  and 
Barnabas  Barton.  Benj.  Parker,  from  N".  C,  and  Joseph  Skin- 
ner, on  the  quarter  now  o"wned  by  John  Powell  and  Joseph 
Draher.  Elihu  Hunt,  !N".  C,  a  mile  north-east  of  town,  where 
Jonathan  Williams  lives.  Richard  Bunch  on  land  now  owned 
by  Stephen  Bunnell.  Thomas  Mason,  Jun.,  three-fourths  of  a 
mile  north  of  town,  on  the  quarter  owned  by  Jesse  Hunt,  Wm. 
Worden,  and  Wm.  D.  Kemp.  Nathan  Jones,  from  IST.  C.,  en- 
tered the  land  now  owned  by  Calvin  C.  Hunt  and  Peter  Blose. 
Gabriel  Ilarrell,  from  N.  C,  half  a  mile  south-west  of  town,  on 
the  quarter  now  owned  by  Henry  Albright  and  others. 

In  the  loest  part  of  the  township,  Wm.  Hunt  (not  the  Wm. 
Hunt  who  settled  near  town,)  settled  where  Elijah  Roberts  lives. 
George  Blose,  of  Ohio,  where  Wm.  Hunt  now  lives.  Andrew 
Starbuck,  from  I^.  C,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  John  T. 
Voorhees,  on  ISTew  Garden  line ;  first  settler  probably  Daniel 
Bucket,  a  Friend  preacher.  Joshua  Brown,  from  Pa.,  on  land 
uow  owned  by  Joseph  C.  Graves.  Isaac  Pyle,  on  the  north- 
west quarter  of  section  27,  now  owned  by  Elias  Chenewith  and 
Hugh  Stevenson.  Isaac  Pyle  resides  on  a  part  of  section  22, 
formerly  owned  by  Andrew  Starbuck.  Edward  Fisher,  from 
]^.  C,  near  west  line,  where  he  yet  lives.  Charles  Thomas, 
froni  jST.  C,  son  of  Stephen  Thomas,  where  Jonathan  Marine 
resides.  James  White,  on  west  hue,  where  he  still  resides. 
Lemuel  Chance,  from  N.  C,  where  Isaac  Thomas  lives,  on  sec- 
tion 16.  Wm.  Fulghum,  from  IST.  C,  settled  and  owmed  land 
where  he  and  his  son,  Levi  G.,  reside. 

Wm.  Addleman, from  Penn.,in  February,  1810,  settled  a  mile 
and  a  half  north-west  from  town.  The  second  tree  cut  on  his 
farm  measured  7  feet  and  7  inches  across  the  stump,  and  its 


214  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

length  to  the  lowest  limb  was  77  feet  7  inches.  The  body  of 
the  fallen  tree  formed  one  side  of  the  camp  built  against  it,  in 
which  he  lived  with  six  children  for  several  months  before  his 
cabin  was  built,  his  wife  having  died  before  his  removal.  John 
M.  Addleman  settled  where  S.  D.  Wallingford  lives,  IJ  miles 
north  of  town.  Wm.  B.  Kemp,  from  Md.,  where  Henderson 
Kemp  lives,  near  town,  Joseph  P.  Addleman,  where  Wm. 
Hill  lives.  Nathan  White,  on  the  land  noAV  owned  by  Wm. 
G.  and  Joseph  White,  IJ  miles  north  of  town.  James  White, 
from  S.  C,  after  a  few  years'  residence  near  Middleboro,  settled 
on  the  south  half  of  section  13,  IJ  miles  north  from  town, 
wdiere  he  still  resides.  [See  Sketch.]  Nathan  Elliott,  N.  C, 
settled  on  land  now  owned  by  Nathan  White.  Robert  Star- 
buck,  from  N.  C,  where  Whitmell  Hill  resides.  Cornelius 
Vaunuys,  where  he  now  lives.    He  was  an  early  blacksmith. 

In  1817,  James  Harlin,  from  Kentucky,  with  a  large  family 
of  children,  whose  names  were  Valentine,  Elihu,  Joshua,  John, 
(who  never  lived  here,)  Jacob,  Nathan,  James,  Edith,  Polly, 
Anna.  The  father,  with  Jacob,  Nathan,  and  James,  settled 
near  the  township,  in  Darke  county,  Ohio.  The  other 
brothers,  in  1817,  commenced  a  settlement,  known  as  the 
"  Harlin  settlement,"  now  Bethel.  John,  Nathan,  and  James 
reside  in  low^a.  Nathan  Elliott,  who  settled  in  1816,  where 
James  White  now  resides,  also  removed  to  this  settlement  in 
1817.  John  Thompson  and  five  sons  of  Nathan  Anderson, 
John,  Joseph,  David,  Nathan,  and  Wm.  H.,  settled  in  the 
vicinity  about  the  same  time.  The  friends  of  these  settlers 
constitute  a  large  proportion  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  north- 
east part  of  the  township ;  the  Anderson  families  numbering 
some  ten  or  twelve. 

In  the  north-west  part  of  the  township,  Jesse  Overman  set- 
tled where  Josiah  Haisley  resides,  on  land  adjoining  the  north 
line.  Wm.  Nixon,  where  Peter  11.  Wright  resides,  Samuel 
Henderson,  where  Nathan  Edgerton  lives.  Thomas  Simons  on 
land  now  owned  by  Jesse  Outland. 

Paul  Swain,  Wm.  Simmons,  Thomas  Roberts,  Daniel 
Fisher,  Nathan  and  Henry  Hunt,  who  settled  in  the  south- 
west part  of  the  township,  assisted  in  opening  the  road  called 
the  "  Quaker  trace,"  from  Richmond  to  Fort  Wayne.    Edward 


FRANKLIN    TOWNSHIP.  215 

Fisher  and  Ann,  wife  of  Henry  Blose,  are  the  only  children  of 
these  families  now  living  in  the  township.  Also,  Ahrahara 
Ashley  and  Enos  Grave,  both  of  A\^ayne  township,  belonged 
to  the  party.     Grave  was  surveyor  of  the  trace. 

A  Saw-mill  is  said  to  have  been  built  in  the  south-west  cor- 
ner of  the  township,  by  Wm.  Starbuck,  about  1817,  and  was 
owned  at  different  times  by  several  persons.  A  saw-mill  was 
built  on  Middle  Fork  by  Henry  JsTewton  and  John  Unthank, 
about  the  year  1825  ;  another  afterward  by  John  "White,  tliree- 
fourths  of  a  mile  north  of  N^ewton's;  and  another  by  James 
White,  three-fourths  of  a  mile  still  further  north,  which  run 
about  35  years,  having  been  once  rebuilt.  John  jSTicholson  and 
Isaac  Commons  built  a  saw-mill  in  the  south-east  corner  of  the 
township,  which  is  now  owned  by  Abraham  B.  Elliott.  A 
steam  saw-mill,  built  in  the  north-west  corner  of  the  township, 
owned  by  Peter  H.  Wright,  was  destroyed  by  fire  a  few  years 
ago. 

In  1829,  Valentine  Harlan  built  a  Grist-mill  above  James 
White's  saw-mill.  In  1837,  AVilliam  Addleman,  Jun.,  and 
Stephen  Elliott  built,  three-fourths  of  a  mile  north  of  White- 
water, a  grist-mill  which  run  about  twenty  years. 

The  first  Merchant  in  Whitewater  is  said  to  have  been  John 
Price.  After  two  or  three  years  he  sold  the  goods  to  Stephen 
Elliott,  who  was  on  the  south-west  corner,  and  by  whom  the 
house  had  been  built.  Thomas  Morton,  of  Miami,  Ohio,  had  a 
store  in  the  north-east  corner  about  two  years,  and  built  on  the 
corner  where  Joseph  A.  Bowen  now  trades.  Elliott  sold  his 
goods  to  John  II.  Bruce  and  Jonathan  D.  Gray.  Wm.  B. 
Schenck  was  here  at  least  as  early  as  1839,  and  as  late  as  1844. 
T.  J.  Ferguson  &  Co.,  in, 1844.  At  Bethel,  Wm.  :\lcFarland 
appears  to  have  been  the  first  merchant  in  1845,  on  the  north- 
east corner,  where  are  now  a  grocer}^  and  a  tavern,  ke})t  by 
jSTathan  Harlan,  and  traded  several  years.  Edward  Osborn,  of 
Newport,  soon  after  established  a  store,  kept  by  Joseph  Un- 
thank. There  were  afterward,  at  different  times,  John  A. 
Unthank,  Walker  Yeatraan,  Jesse  Richards,  Jacob  &  Howard 
Harlan,  Morgan  &  Henderson.  Present  merchants — Martin 
Wiley,  dry  goods;  Xathan  Harlan,  grocer.  Present  mer- 
chants at  AVhitewater — Joseph  A.  Bowen,  north-west  corner; 


216  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Benj.  "W".  Addleman,  south-east  corner.  Grocer — "Wm.  B. 
liobinson,  south-west  coruer. 

The  first  Physician  was  John  Thomas,  in  the  south  part  of 
the  township,  where  his  grandson,  Henry  "W.  Thomas,  now  re- 
sides. He  had  an  extensive  practice,  there  being  no  other 
physician  near.  He  carried  his  medicine  in  a  bladder,  instead 
of  the  ordinary  saddle-bag.  At  Whitewater,  afterward,  were 
John  H.  Bruce,  Azel  Owens,  Richard  G.  Brandon,  Robert 
Hamilton,  Wm.  Williams,  Wm.  Commons,  Robert  Fisher, 
Harlan  Harrison,  now  residing  in  Union.  Dr.  Thomas  T, 
Courtney,  after  an  absence  of  several  years,  returned  to  White- 
water, and  died  earlj^  in  1871.  Present  physicians — J.  E. 
Beverly,  J.  B.  Stevenson,  W.  P.  Griflis. 

The  earliest  .Religious  Society  in  the  township  was  that  of  the 
Friends,  who  built  a  log  meeting-house  two  miles  south  of 
Whitewater,  near  the  site  of  the  present  brick  house  on  the 
turnpike.  Isaac  Commons,  Job  Elliott,  Wm.  Hunt,  Joseph 
Ashton,  John  jSTicholson,  Jeremiah  Cox,  Jun.,  and  Luther 
Tillson,  were  early  members. 

The  Christian  Church  at  Bethel  was  formed  in  August,  1821, 
under  the  ministration  of  John  M.  Foster.  Meetings  were  first 
held  in  the  dwelling  of  Valentine  Harlan,  afterward  in  a 
school-house;  next,  in  a  large  log  meeting-house  half  a  mile 
east  of  Bethel,  where  the  grave-yard  is,  until  the  present  house 
in  Bethel  was  built.  Since  the  pastorate  of  Mr.  Foster  this 
church  has  enjoyed  the  ministerial  services  of  Valentine  Har- 
lan, 2d.,  Eli  Harlan,  Hosea  C.  Tillson,  Joseph  G.  Harlan, 
Hardin  Harrison,  and  Henry  Polly,  now  residing  at  Union. 

The  Episcopal  Methodists  organized  a  church  near  Jesse 
Hunt's,  in  the  south-west  part  of  the  township,  about  the  year 
1830.  Edward  Starbuck,  Hugh  Stevenson,  Joseph  Hender- 
son, and  Joseph  Whitacre  were  early  members.  The  organiza- 
tion was  given  up  about  six  years  ago. 

A  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  was  formed  at  Whitewater 
about  1831  or  1832.  Among  its  early  members  were  William 
Boswell,  Thomas  K.  Peeples,  Wm.  Brown,  and  their  families, 
and  Margaret  Addleman.  It  was  in  the  Centerville  and  Will- 
iamsburg Circuits.  The  congregation  at  first  met  in  a  log 
house  near  where  the  present  house  was  built  in  1854. 


FRANKLIN   TOWNSHIP.  217 

The  Wesley  an  Methodists  organized  a  chnrcli  about  1854,  and 
built  their  present  house  of  worship  near  the  site  of  the  old 
house  of  the  Episcopal  Methodists.  Early  members  were  Ed- 
ward   Starbuck,    and  Edward,    his    son,    .Jacob    and    M 

Brown,  Elijah  Roberts,  Elias  Cheneweth,  Ambrose  Roberts, 
with  the  families  of  most  of  them.  Edward  Starbuck,  Jun., 
was  a  local  preacher.  Among  their  preachers  have  been  John 
W.  Johnson  and  Daniel  Worth. 

A  Christian  Church  at  "Whitewater  Avas  formed  in  18(J7. 
Early  members  were  James  M.  Gist,  .Jesse  T.  Hunt,  Wm.  R. 
Winsor,  Henry  W.  Thomas,  Wm.  L.  Robinson,  and  their 
wives,  Sally  White,  Aleda  Harney,  Milesia  Addleman.  Their 
permanent  place  of  worship  is  the  lower  story  of  the  Academy 
building.  Their  preachers  have  been  Mr.  Buf}',  who  had 
preached  before  the  organii^ation,  Wm.  B.  Moore,  and  their 
present  preachers,  Joseph  G.  Harlan  and  Edward  Fen  ton. 

The  Academy  was  built  by  a  stock  company,  styled  Frank- 
lin Township  Academical  Association, m  or  about  the  year  1859. 
The  school  is  still  continued.  A  select  school  was  kept  a  year 
or  longer  by  Milton  Hollingsworth  before  the  Academy  was 
built. 

The  Town  of  Hillsborouyh  was  laid  off  by  Stephen  Elliott 
and  .John  White,  proprietors.  The  description  and  survey  of 
the  plat  was  acknowledged  and  received  for  record  -Novem- 
ber 14,  1828.  An  addition  made  by  Stephen  Elliott  is  dated 
September  8,  1832.  The  name  of  the  town  was,  a  few  years 
ago,  changed  to  Whitewater. 

The  Town  of  Bethel  was  laid  out  April  6,  1850;  Elihu  Har- 
lan and  Joseph  Anderson,  proprietors. 

Biographical  and   Genealoejiccd. 

John  M.  Addleman  was  born  in  Chester  county,  Pennsylva- 
nia, April  14,  1790  ;  married  November  24, 1813,  Sarah  AVliit- 
aker,  who  was  born  February  17,  1796.  He  settled,  in  1826, 
in  Franklin  township.  He  was  elected  in  1829  or  1830  a  jus- 
tice of  the  peace.  He  had  fourteen  children,  of  whom  eight 
were  married  :  1.  Ann  llaria  lUaryeiret  was  mixn-'md  to  Wni. 
Kemp;  2.  Joseph  P.,  to  Catharine  Townseud;  3.  John  C'.,lirst 
16 


218  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

to  Nancy  'N.  Wood ;  second,  to  Mary  Eliza  Dulin  ;  4.  James 
^.,  to  Hannah  Morton,  and  died  about  1850;  5.  William  S., 
iirst,  to  Judith  Townseud ;  second,  to  Ellen  Townsend  ;  6. 
Sarah  Ann,  to  Henry  H.  Eeed ;  7.  Benj.  W.,  first,  to  Martha 
Kemp;  second,  to  Mehssa  Addleman;  8.  George  JF^to  Martha 
J.  Broderick.  He  served  in  the  late  war.  Milton  W.,  the 
eldest,  was  killed  by  lightning.  Five  died  in  childhood  and 
infancy. 

William  Addleaian,  from  Chester  county,  Pennsylvania, 
settled  in  Franklin  township  in  1819,  a  mile  and  a  half  north- 
west of  Whitewater,  as  elsewhere  stated.  [See  Franklin 
Township.]  His  father,  John  Michael  Addleman,  was  born  in 
Germany,  December  15,  1723,  and  emigrated  to  America  in 
1752.  He  was  married  on  the  vessel  during  his  passage,  and 
settled  in  Chester  county,  Pennsylvania.  William,  his  son, 
was  born  there  in  October,  1758,  and  married  Mary  Hennix, 
December  6,  1790.  He  had  eight  children,  all  married,  as  fol- 
lows: 1.  Alary  married  Joseph  Oglesby  in  Pennsylvania;  set- 
tled in  this  township  ;  removed  to  Ohio,  and  died  in  that  state. 

2,  John  married McLease,  and  in  a  few  years  returned  to 

Pennsylvania.  Both  are  dead.  3.  31argaret  married  Nathan 
Grave,  an  early  settler  in  Wayne  township.  4.  Eliza  mar- 
ried Elias  Ogan,  an  early  settler.  She  died  here ;  he  in  Somer- 
set, Wabash  county.  6.  William  married  Mary,  daughter  of 
Job  Elliott,  and  had  six  sons  and  two  daughters.  Three  sons 
were  in  Col.  Meredith's  regiment,  in  the  late  war.  Joseph  O., 
who  died  in  the  battle  of  Antietam;  Jacob  O.,  who  returned 
from  the  army  sick,  and  died  in  nine  days;  and  John,  who,  on 
account  of  sickness,  was  furloughed  home.  He  re-enlisted, 
fought  in  the  battle  of  the  Wilderness,  and  in  August,  1864,  was 
discharged  for  physical  disability.  William  O.,  another  son, 
enlisted  in  the  147th  Regiment  in  February,  1865,  and  served 
until  after  the  close  of  the  war.  7.  Hannah  married  Robert 
Starbuck,  removed  to  Ridgeville,  where  she  died,  and  where 
he  still  resides.  8.  Jacob  married  Mahala  Starbuck,  and  died  in 
1864.  Three  sons,  John,  Andrew,  and  Flavins,  were  in  the 
war.  John  Avas  killed  in  the  battle  of  Kenesaw  Mountain. 
died  of  sickness  at  Washington  City. 

Benjamin  Harris,  from  North  Carolina,  settled,  in  1807, 


FRANKLIN    TOWNSHIP.  219 

about  six  miles  north  from  Richmond,  and  four  miles  south- 
east from  J^ewport,  in  the  south-west  part  of  the  present 
township  of  Franklin.  He  was  a  son  of  Obadiah  Harris,  Sen., 
elsewhere  noticed.  He  died  about  the  year  1850,  on  the  farm 
on  which  he  first  settled.  He  had  fifteen  children,  thirteen  of 
whom  attained  to  the  age  of  majoritjs  and  were  married:  1. 
Obadiah,  who  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  John  Lewis,  of 
Green,  and  settled  on  Green's  Fork,  near  Williamsburg,  now 
resides  near  Indianapolis.  2.  Pleasant,  who  married  Hannah 
Massey,  and  settled  in  New  Garden ;  afterward  on  jSTettle 
Creek,  near  Dalton.  He  has  since  lived  at  South  Bend,  and 
last  in  Iowa,  where  he  died.  3.  James,  who  married  ]^aomi,  a 
daughter  of  John  Lewis,  and  settled  on  Green's  Fork,  where 
he  died.  4.  Bcersheba,  who  married  Job  Coggeshall,  and  set- 
tled near  ISTewport,  where  she  died.  He  resides  at  Williams- 
burg. 5.  Jo/in,  who  married  Nancy  Harvey ;  settled  in  Cen- 
ter; removed  thence  to  near  Newcastle;  thence  to  Iowa, 
where  he  died.  6.  i?eryamm,  who  married  Lydia  Iliatt,  lived 
on  his  farm  three  years,  and  th^n  settled  near  WilHamsburg, 
where  he  lived  until  1868,  and  now  resides  a  mile  from  Kich- 
niond.  Mrs.  H.  died  in  July,  1867;  and  he  married  in  April, 
1870,  Hannah  Ann  Estell.  7.  Rebecca,  who  married  Henry 
Dutterow,  and  settled  in  Franklin  township.  8.  Sarah,  who 
married  John  Catey,  of  Green.  9.  JlJan/are/,  who  married 
John  Gardner,  and  lives  in  Oregon,  where  he  died.  10.  David, 
who  married  in  Illinois,  and  died  there.  11.  Aaron,  who  mar- 
ried Martha,  daughter  of  Richard  Lewis,  and  resides  in  Hunt- 
ington county.  12.  Elizabeth,  who  married  Seth  Gardner,  and 
lives  near  Arba.  13.  Nathan,  who  married,  first,  Hannah 
Thompson;  second,  Mrs.  Edith  Anderson,  and  resides  at  Union 
City. 

Obadiah  Harris,  from  North  Carolina,  father  of  Benjamin, 
came  several  years  later  than  his  son,  and  still  later,  Obadiah, 
another  son.  They  settled  in  New^  Garden,  a  mile  south  from 
Newport,  whence  they  removed  to  Randolph  county.  Both 
father  and  son  were  preachers  in  the  Society  of  Friends. 

Luther  Tillson  was  born  eight  miles  from  Plymouth,  Mas- 
sachusetts, in  17G6.  He  removed  to  Vermont,  where  he  was 
married,  and  in  1802  removed  with  his  family  to  Ohio,  land- 


220  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

ing  with  a  company  of  emigrants  at  Cincinnati  on  Christmas 
eve.  He  bought  land  and  settled  in  Butler  county.  In  1817, 
he  removed  to  Darke  county,  Ohio,  near  Franklin  township 
in  Wayne  county,  Indiana,  where  some  of  the  family  afterward 
settled.  He  had  nine  children,  seven  sons  and  two  daughters. 
All  had  families  except  the  youngest,  a  son.  Only  two  are 
living,  Isaiah  and  Hosea  C,  who  reside  at  Bethel.  Both 
united  at  an  early  age  with  the  Christian  Church  at  Bethel,  of 
which  both  are  elders.  Hosea  has  been  a  minister  for  many 
years. 

James  White,  son  of  James  White,  was  born  in  Nelson 
county,  Kentuck}^,  June  9,  1792.  In  1800,  he  removed  with 
his  father's  family  to  Butler  county,  Ohio,  where,  eighteen 
months  after,  his  father  died.  About  the  year  1810  or  1811 
he  came  with  the  family  to  this  county,  and  settled  at  or  near 
where  Middleboro'  now  is.  He  was  married  September  20, 
1814,  to  Jane  Boswell,  a  daughter  of  Barnabas  Boswell,  born 
August  24,  1794.  In  1818,  he  settled  in  New  Garden,  now 
Eranklin  township,  about  a  mile  and  a  half  north-east  from 
Whitewater,  where  he  has  resided  until  the  present  time.  He 
had  a  large  share  of  the  experience  of  pioneer  life.  About  the 
year  1826  he  was  elected  a  justice  of  the  peace  for  the  term  of 
live  years,  and  re-elected  for  a  second  term  of  five  years;  and 
after  an  interval  of  one  term,  was  elected  for  a  third  term  of 
five  years.  He  also  held  the  office  of  notary  public  by  ap- 
pointment from  Gov.  Willard  and  Gov.  Wright.  He  had 
twelve  children,  all  married,  as  follows:  1.  Malinda,  to  James 
Garrett,  and  died  in  the  township.  He  resides  at  Hagerstown. 
2.  Lucinda,  to  Peter  Ellis,  and  resides  at  Whitewater.  3. 
Eleam,  to  Susan  Curliner,  and  resides  in  the  township.  4. 
Israel,  to  Nancy  Oten.  5.  Tabitha,  to  Augustus  Bunch,  and 
died  at  Whitewater.  He  removed  to  Tennessee.  6.  James, 
to  Anna  Wright.  7.  John,  first  to  Sally  Hubbard ;  second,  to 
Jane  Tillson,  and  died  in  1829.  8.  Joseph  married  Esther  Ad- 
dleman.  9.  Nathan  married  Anna  Harrison.  10.  William, 
to  Salina  Yannuys.  11.  Daniel,  to  Martha  Wright.  12. 
Jonathan,  to  Eliza  Guess.  Those  living,  whose  residence  is  not 
mentioned,  reside  in  the  township. 

The  brothers  and  sisters  of  James  White,  above  referred  to, 


GREEN   TOWNSHIP.  221 

were:  1.  Mary,  who  married  Milton  Ashhy,  who  died  of  dis- 
ease ill  the  war  of  1812.  She  died  in  1814,  leaving  two  chil- 
dren, one  of  whom,  Lavinia,  married  Wm.  Austin,  now  resid- 
ing at  Winchester.  2.  John,  who  settled  near  his  brother 
James,  married  Delilah  Boswell,  and  died  in  1835.  3.  Eliza- 
beth, who  married  Abner  Clawson  ;  botli  dead.  4.  Joseph,  who 
married  Alice  Clawson,  settled  in  Wayne  township,  and  died 
December  26,  1868.  They  had  six  sons  and  four  daughters; 
two  daughters  deceased.  5.  Nathan,  who  married,  first,  EHza- 
beth  Cook,  and  had  a  son,  James  C,  who  was  killed  in  the 
battle  of  Kenesaw  Mountain  ;  second,  Susan  Cox,  by  whom 
he  had  five  sons  and  three  daughters.  6.  Sarah,  Avho  married 
Thomas  Gray,  and  settled  on  the  state  line,  Ohio  side. 


GREEN  TOWNSHIP. 

The  township  of  Green  was  formed  in  August,  1821,  from 
Perry  and  other  townships.  It  contains  an  area  of  about  30 
square  miles.  The  principal  stream  in  the  township  is  Green's 
Fork,  which  passes  through  it  diagonally  from  the  north-east 
corner  in  a  south-westerly  direction.  It  derives  its  name  from 
a  famed  Indian,  John  Green,  well  known  to  many  old  settlers 
still  living,  and  whose  name  occurs  in  several  places  in  our 
history. 

John  Lewis,  from  North  Carolina,  in  the  year  1810,  settled 
with  his  famil}^  half  a  mile  south  of  the  site  of  the  present 
town  of  Williamsburg,  on  the  farm  on  which  his  son  Joseph 
now  resides.  He  was  accompanied  by  his  eldest  son  Richard, 
then  past  the  age  of  majority.  These  were  the  first  settlers  in 
the  township. 

The  following  are  believed  to  have  settled  in  1811:  Henry 
Way,  1^  miles  north-east  of  town,  where  Charles  B.  Ballenger  re- 
sides. Seth  Way,  on  the  present  farm  of  Jesse  Cates.  Joseph 
Prator,  Thomas  Cranor,  and  Wm.  Johnson,  near  the  town. 
Joshua  Cranor,  where  his  son  Milo  now  lives,  about  a  mile 
south-east  from  town ;  and  Reuben  Joy,  2  miles  north-east 
from  town  ;  land  now  owned  by  Jesse  Re^ynolds. 

In  1814,  John  Green,  from  N.  C,  settled  2  miles  north  of 


222  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

town  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Josephns  D.  Ladd,  and  was 
accompanied  by  Joseph  Ladd  and  his  son  William.  J.  Ladd 
settled  on  the  farm  lately  owned  by  Samuel  Johnson,  now  by 
Martin  Ballenger.  In  1816,  also  from  IST.  C,  came  Abel  Lo- 
max,  who  settled  on  laud  now  owned  by  James  Frazers  heirs; 
Elijah  Wright,  where  Alexander  Wright  lives ;  Jeremiah 
Stegall,  on  land  now  owned  by  Alexander  Stegall;  Wm.  Cook, 
with  his  sons,  Cornelius  and  James,  about  4  miles  north-west 
from  town  ;  land  now  owned  by  his  heirs  and  descendants. 

In  1814,  Benj.  Hutchins,  from  IST.  C,  settled  where  now 
Wm.  McLucas  lives,  IJ  miles  north  from  town  ;  and  Thomas, 
on  land  now  owned  by  Job  Coggeshall,  a  mile  north  from 
town.  Benj.  Hutchins  afterward  removed  to  the  farm  where 
he  now  resides,  near  the  United  Brethren  meeting-house. 
John  Hutchins  settled  a  mile  north-west  from  town,  where 
James  M.  Cranor  resides.  Henry  Study,  a  native  of  Mary- 
land, in  1818,  a  mile  west  of  town,  where  his  son  John  resides. 
Mr.  Study  is  said  to  have  had  the  first  iron  mold-board  plow 
in  Wayne  county. 

The  following  named  persons  were  generally  the  first 
settlers  on  the  lauds  they  owned,  but  the  years  in  which 
most  of  them  settled  have  not  been  ascertained : 

In  the  south-east  i)art  of  the  township,  Joseph  Comer,  where 
now  Joseph  Comer,  his  son,  resides  ;  Joseph  Palmer,  where 
Daniel  Palmer  resides;  Henry  Gower,  and  James  Irwin; 
first  settler  on  their  lands  not  ascertained  ;  Thomas  Teagle, 
where  now  a  son  resides.  Joseph  Evans,  from  JST.  J.,  entered 
several  quarter  sections,  now  and  lately  owned  in  part  by 
Mark  Evans,  Joseph  Lewis,  Abner  Clawson,  and  John  Bean. 
John  Catey,  from  '^.  J.,  also  several  quarter  sections,  por- 
tions of  which,  east  of  the  turnpike,  he  still  owns.  Joseph 
Personett,  from  Mc\,  settled  on  land  now  owned  by  Benj. 
P.  Beverlin.  Wm.  Beverlin,  from  Va.,  settled  as  early, 
probably,  as  1812,  on  land  now  owned  by  his  son  Thomas, 
and  John  Catey,  where  the  latter  now  resides.  Jesse 
Bacon,  from  N.  J.,  on  land  formerly  owned  by  Benj.  Harris. 
Henry  Catey,  from  J^.  J.,  where  Samuel  Catey  resides,  IJ 
ndles  south-east  from  town.  Thomas  Bond,  south  line  of 
township,  land  now  owned  by  his  heirs. 


GREEJ^  TOWXSIIIP.  223 

In  the  south  yart  of  the  township,  Antlionj  Chamness,  from 
!N".  C,  settled  where  his  son  Joshua  resides.  Drurj  Davis 
lives  on  land  formerly  owned  by  Stacy  B.  Cate3\  Jesse 
Young,  on  land  now  OAvned  by  Isaac  Ilcnsliaw,  Avho  lives  in 
town.  Samuel  Ball,  where  now  Benj.  Thorn  resides.  Enos 
Yeal,  from  iST.  J.,  where  he  still  lives.  Allen  AI.  Harris,  first 
proprietors  not  ascertained.  Charles  Spencer,  on  land  for- 
merl_y  oAvned  by  Orr  Scoville,  Richard  Lewis,  where  ]Srathan  I. 
Bond  lives.  Benj.  Satterthwaite,  on  land  now  owned  by 
Jonathan    Mnllin. 

In  the  west  -pcai  of  the  township,  John  Cain  settled  where 
he  now  resides.  Henry  Oler,  wliere  his  son  Henry  resides. 
Luke  Dillon  settled  on  land  where  Thomas  Cranor  lives. 
Joshua  Ballenger  had  other  parts  of  the  section,  now  owned 
by  Jacob  Ballenger  and  Larkin  Bond.  Benj.  Ballenger 
north  part  rf  the  section,  now  owned  by  Jacob  Ballenger. 
Amos  W.  Ladd,  afterward  Thomas  Oler,  who  also  owns 
land  one  mile  north,  settled  where  he  now  resides.  Henry, 
Joseph,  David,  and  Isaac  Study,  sons  of  Henry,  Sen.,  where 
they  first  settled.  Elliott,  on  land  now  owned  by  S.  Elliott. 
Nathan  Riley,  from  Ohio,  where  Thomas  Judd  resides. 
Lorenzo  King,  lately  L.  Culbertson. 

In  the  north-west  part  of  the  township,  John  Beard,  from 
Md.,  on  township  line,  on  land  previously  owned  by  John 
Shelly.  Jesse  Baldwin,  from  X.  C,  on  land  now  owned  by 
his  son  Eli  Baldwin  and  Isaac  Y.  King.  Section  23,  owned 
by  Ephraim  and  T.  J.  Cates,  George  AY.  Scantland,  and  Peter 
Hardwick,  first  proprietors  not  known.  Washington  Cranor 
settled  where  he  still  lives.  John  St.  Myers,  where  his  sons 
reside,  Wm.  Ladd,  on  land  now  or  lately  owned  by  Erank 
Beverlin,  Joseph  Personett,  and  Thomas  Judd. 

Ephraim  Cates  resides  1|-  miles  west  from  Williamsburg, 
and  owns  several  farms  in  the  township. 

In  the  east  part  of  the  township,  George  Johnson,  son  of 
William,  settled  on  land  now  owned  by  Thomas  Edwards. 
Levi  Jessup,2  ra.  south-east  of  town,  on  land  now  owned  in  part 
by  Elisha  and  Samuel  Pitts,  and  Jonathan  Ilaisley.  Joshua 
Murphy,  from  iS".  C,  where  Harvey  Harris  now  lives.     Jacob 


224  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Cook,  an  early  settler  from  Ohio,  a  native  of  ]^.  C,  on  land 
now  owned  by  Ezekiel  Johnson  and  George  Brittain. 

In  the  north-east  j^art,  Daniel  Charles,  about  1816,  settled 
where  he  still  lives ;  land  now  owned  by  Henry  Charles  and 
Hannah  Blair.  Wm.  Trotter  and  Hugh  L,  Macy  settled 
where  they  still  live.  Isaiah  Case,  on  lands  "now  owned  by 
S.  Mitchell  Boyd  and  "Wyatt  Green.  Paul  Way,  from  N.  C, 
where  now  Joseph  Way  lives.  Jeremiah  Thorp,  from  Tenn., 
where  he  now  lives.  Eleazer  Smith,  from  ]!!^.  C,  where  now 
his  son,  Wm.  D.  Smith  resides.  Valentine  Pegg,  from  K.  C, 
where  he  still  resides.  John  Pegg,  from  IT.  C,  on  land  now 
owned  by  his  son  John.  William  Clemens,  where  he  now 
resides,  not  an  early  settler. 

Hartman  Eigenbrot,  a  native  of  Germany,  came  from  Penn. 
to  Richmond  in  1835,  and  three  years  thereafter  to  where  he 
now  lives,  2  miles  south-east  from  Williamsburg.  William 
Sharp,  from  Ireland,  in  1854,  settled  in  Richmond,  and  en- 
gaged in  the  starch  manufacture  ;  sold  out  in  1862,  and  in 
1870,  removed  from  Ohio,  to  where  he  now  lives,  2  miles 
south  from  town.  Jonathan  Mullen,  from  Ohio  in  1827, 
settled  in  1854  where  he  now  resides,  1|  miles  south  from 
town.  Henry  Catey,  a  native  of  Germany,  from  I^ew  Jersey 
in  1821,  settled  IJ  miles  south-east  from  town,  where  he  re- 
sided until  his  death  in  1850,  aged  about  80  years.  John,  his 
son,  now  lives  IJ  miles  south  of  town. 

Charles  Spencer,  a  native  of  Conn.,  from  Penn.,  in  1819, 
settled  where  he  now  resides,  1 J  miles  south  of  tovvm.  He  is 
said  to  have  made,  in  1820,  the  first  pegged  shoes  ever  made 
in  Wayne  county,  and,  in  1821,  the  first  iron  mold-board  plow. 

The  first  School  in  the  township  was  kept  by  Richard  Lewis 
in  a  log  house  on  his  father's  farm. 

The  first  Blacksmiths  in  the  township  were  Wm.  Underbill, 
below  town,  and  Joseph  Way,  1|  miles  north-east  from  the 
town.  Also,  Hanan  Roberts  and  Moses  Davidson  were  early 
blacksmiths.  The  present  blacksmiths  are  Elias  and  John 
Roberts,  and  two  sons  of  Wm.  Richter. 

The  first  Wagon-maker  was  Wm.  Richter,  who  still  con- 
tinues the  business.     He  was  a  son-in-law  of  Richard  Lewis, 


GREEN   TOWNSHIP.  225 

son  of  John  Lewis.     Reynolds  carries  on  the  carriage-making 
business. 

Wm.  Johnson  built  the  first  Grist-mill  about  the  year  1818, 
where  the  present  mill  in  Williamsburg  stands.  A  year  or 
two  later,  Stacy  B.  Catey  built  a  saw-mill  1|  miles  below  town, 
where  also  a  grist-mill  was  built.  About  the  same  time 
Reuben  Joy  built  a  saw -mill  1|  miles  above  town  ;  and  a  few 
years  after  Hugh  Johnson  built  a  grist-mill ;  both  are  now 
owned  by  Jesse  Reynolds. 

The  first  Merchant  in  AVilliamsburg  was  [name  lost],  who 
commenced  trade  about  the  year  1831  ;  prior  to  which  time 
the  inhabitants  were  supplied  at  Richmond.  Of  those  who 
have  since  traded  for  longer  or  shorter  periods,  were  John 
Pennington,  Joshua  and  Thomas  Cranor,  Stephen  and  Samuel 
Johnson,  Stephen  Cofiin,  eight  or  ten  years  in  the  firms  of 
B.  &  S.  Cofiin  and  Andrew  Purviance  &  Co.,  Pleasant  Un- 
thank  and  Grifiin  Davis,  afterward  Davis  alone.  Present 
Merchants — Grifiin  Davis,  Pierce  Brothers,  [James  and 
Asher,]  and  William  Campbell. 

Dr.  Curtis  Otwell  was  the  first  resident  Physician^  the  in- 
habitants having  been  previously  served  chiefly  by  Drs. 
Warner  and  Kerl,  of  Richmond,  Waldo,  of  Jacksonburg,  and 
Way,  of  Newport.  After  Otwell,  George  Blair,  Linus  P. 
Taylor,  and  John  T.  Chenoweth.  The  last  two  are  the 
present  practicing  physicians. 

Richard  Lewis  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  Justice  of  the 
Peace.  Other  early  justices  were  Barnabas  McManus,  Joseph 
Ladd,  John  Green,  Joseph  Lewis,  Samuel  Johnson.  Ezekiel 
Johnson  and  Winston  E.  Harris  are  at  present  justices. 

Abel  Lomax  served  two  or  more  years  as  representative,  and 
a  term  of  two  years  as  senator  in  the  legislature  ;  and  Joseph 
Lewis  as  a  representative,  at  the  session  of  1845-6. 

The  Baptists  probably  formed  the  first  church  in  the  town- 
ship, which  was  organized  E'ov.  21,  1818,  about  3  miles  north 
of  town.  Among  the  first  members  and  those  who  joined 
soon  after,  were  Isaiah  Case,  Benj.  Jones,  Eleazer  Smith,  and 
their  wives,  James  Martin,  Hannah  Case,  Polly  McQuary, 
Jeremiah  Swaflbrd,  Sarah  and  Rebecca  Potter,  David  Erazer, 
Margaret  Shoemaker,  Nathaniel  Case  and  John  Stigleman 
17 


226  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

and  their  wives.     Rev.  "Wm.  Oldham,  from  Salem  church, 

E,ev. Martin,  from  Elkhorn,  and  others,  officiated  at  the 

organization.  In  June,  1819,  Benj.  Jones  and  JSTathaniel  Case 
were  ordained  deacons.  In  December,  1819,  Rev.  Isaac 
Cotton  became  their  minister,  and  continued  his  pastoral 
labors  about  twenty  years.  He  was  succeeded  by  ITathaniel 
Case  about  six  years,  and  Andrew  Baker  some  ten  or  twelve 
years.  Henry  Rupe,  Mr.  Lyons,  and  others  have  supplied 
the  church  at  different  times.  Meetings  were  first  held  in  a 
log  house.  A  frame  meeting-house  was  built  about  1830, 
3  miles  from  Williamsburg,  and  about  twelve  years  ago  a 
brick  one,  near  the  same  place. 

A  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  and  society  was  formed  about 
the  year  1820,  perhaps  earlier.  Among  its  first  members  were 
Abel  Lomax,  Henry  Study,  Joshua  Ballenger,  ITathan  Riley, 
and  their  wives.  Their  first  was  a  log  meeting-house,  where 
the  house  of  the  United  Brethren  now  stands,  about  half  a 
mile  west  from  town.  A  brick  house  was  afterward  built  in 
its  place.  In  1851,  their  present  house  in  town  was  built. 
Their  preachers  have  been  Joseph  Tarkington,  Miltideus  Mil- 
ler, John  Kiger,  John  Burt,  Mr.  Morrison,  Caldwell  Robbins, 
John  Metzker,  Benj.  Smith,  Asahel  Kiunan,  ^qv  PhiUips, 
George  Newton,  Abraham  Gorreil,  Lewis  Roberts,  John  F. 
Pierce. 

The  Friends  formed  a  society  a  few  years  later,  and  built  a 
log  house  about  oj  miles  north-east  from  town.  After  an  ex- 
istence of  about  fifteen  years,  the  society  was  discontinued,  a 
part  of  its  members  going  to  Newport,  and  a  part  to  Cherry 
Grove. 

A  Fort  and  Block-house  were  built  during  the  war  of  1812, 
on  the  farm  of  John  Lewis,  by  John,  Joseph,  and  Richard 
Lewis,  Joshua  and  Thomas  Cranor,  Seth  Way,  and  others. 
About  three  miles  north-east  from  this,  another,  on  land  now 
owned  by  Thompson  Smith,  was  built  by  William  Whitehead 
and  others,  and  called  the  "Whitehead  block-house." 

An  Odd  Fellows  Lodge,  the  Chinkarorer,  No.  120,  was  insti- 
tuted ISTov.  25,  1852,  on  application  of  Wm.  Silver,  Wm. 
Brown,  James  H.  Stanley,  D.  Dinwiddle,  and  Abel  Evans. 
Its  officers  were,  Wm.  Silver,  N.  G. ;  James  H.  Stanley,  V.  G. ; 


GREEN   TOWNSHIP.  227 

James  Smith,  Rec.  Sec;  Sylvester  liollister,  Treas.  Present 
officers — Samuel  Catey,  IsT.  G.;  Daiiley  Palmer,  V.  G. ;  Addi- 
son C.  Reynolds,  Rec.  Sec;  Barzillai  H.  Reynolds,  Per.  Sec; 
Joseph  D.  Cranor,  Treasurer. 

The  United  Brethren  organized  a  church  about  the  year  1845. 
After  a  few  months  preaching,  a  class  was  formed,  of  wliich 
the  following  named  persons  are  believed  to  have  been  mem- 
bers: James  Jester  and  Lucretia,  his  wife,  Benj.  Harris  and 
Lydia,  his  wife,  Samuel  Johnson  and  Catharine,  his  wife, 
Herbert  C.  Pierce  and  Margaret,  his  wife,  Susanna  Cranor, 
James  and  Phebe  Stevenson.  Their  first  meetings  were  held 
in  private  rooms  in  Williamsburg,  afterward  in  a  school-house, 
I  mile  east  of  town.  Their  present  house,  about  half  a  mile 
north-east  from  town,  was  built  about  the  year  1855.  Their 
first  preacher  was  Isaac  Robinson,  who  was  succeeded  by  Wm. 
Ault,  Wm.  Keudrick,  Robert  Morris,  and  their  present  minis- 
ter, Thomas  Evans.  Persons  belonging  to  secret  societies  are 
not  admitted  to  membership. 

The  Town  of  Williamsburg  was  laid  out  by  "William  John- 
son, proprietor;  John  Frazer,  surveyor,  March  16,  1830;  and 
recorded  March  23,  1830. 

Biogra'phical  and  Genealogical. 

Samuel  K.  Boyd,  son  of  Samuel  Boyd,  an  early  settler  in 
Harrison,  was  born  in  Kentucky,  June  29,  1794,  and  removed 
with  his  father  to  that  township  in  1811.  He  was  married,  in 
1817,  to  Martha  Lewis,  daughter  of  John  Lewis,  of  Green,  and 
settled  1^  miles  north-east  from  Williamsburg,  where  he  lived 
until  his  removal  to  Centerville,  a  few  years  ago,  where  he  now 
resides.  He  had  by  this  wife  five  daughters :  1.  Priscilla, 
who  married  James  Clemens,  and  resides  at  Linnville,  Ran- 
dolph Co.  2.  Att/Tissa,  who  married  John  Charaness,  of  Will- 
iamsburg, and  is  deceased.  3.  Sarah  Ann,  who  married 
Joseph  Lomax,  a  lawyer  at  Kalamazoo,  Mich.  4.  Ecelina^ 
who  married  William  A.  Peelle,  Centerville.  5.  Martha,  wife 
of  Winston  W.  Harris,  and  resides  at  Somerset,  Wabash  Co. 
After  the  death  of  his  wife,  Mr.  Boyd  was  married,  in  1828, 
to  Bethany  Ladd,  by  whom  he  had  ten  children,  five  sons  and 
five  daughters,  of  whom  six  were  married:     1.  Isabella,  to 


228  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

Thomas  Fagan,  of  Williamsburg.  2.  William  L.,  to  Rebecca 
Martin;  resides  at  Chester.  3.  Ca^Aarme,  to  William  Good- 
rich, and  resides  at  Dunkirk,  Jay  Co.  4.  llary,  who  married 
John  Keever,  of  New  Garden,  where  she  died  in  1861.  5,  6. 
Bethany  and  Samuel  K.,  unmarried.  Of  the  other  four,  James, 
John,  and  Amanda  died  young;  and  Joseph  L.,  in  1865,  the 
day  of  his  discharge  from  the  United  States  army,  in  Texas. 

Frederic  Dean  was  born  in  North  Carolina,  July  9,  1800, 
where  he  was  married  to  Polly  Brooks,  who  was  born  in  1802. 
In  1831,  they  removed  to  Wayne  county,  and  settled  in  what 
is  now  Clay  township,  2 J  miles  west  of  Washington.  Mr. 
Dean  died  Jan.  5, 1840,  leaving  four  children,  all  of  whom  lived 
to  be  married,  as  follows:  1.  Elizabeth  J ane^  who  was  mar- 
ried to  George  Avery,  and  after  his  death  to  David  Fowler. 

2.  Jesse  B.,  to  Martha,  daughter  of  John  Green;  3.  Luzetta, 
to  Caleb  C.  Mendenhall,  who  died  in  1867;  4.  Johji  L.,to  Car- 
oline Lamb,  of  Perry,  where  Mrs.  Mendenhall  also  resides. 

John  Green  was  born  in  North  Carolina,  Feb.  9,  1795,  and 
was  married  Oct.  13,  1814,  to  Judith  Ladd,  who  was  born  Dec. 
5,  1794.  In  the  fall  of  1814,  he  removed  to  Wayne  county, 
and  settled  on  the  farm  now  owned  by  Josephus  D.  Ladd,  about 
2  m.  north  of  Williamsburg,  where  he  resided  until  about  the 
year  1848,  when  he  removed  about  a  mile  east,  where  he  lived 
until  the  year  1865.  He  was,  during  his  residence  in  the 
township,  highly  esteemed  by  his  fellow-citizens,  and  held  for 
several  years  the  office  of  justice  of  the  peace;  and  he  was  a 
member  of  the  Baptist  church.  Mr.  Green  had  eleven  chil- 
dren, besides  a  son  who  died  in  infancy,  named  as  follows : 
1.  Catharine,  who  married  Isaac  Study,  and  resides  in  Green 
township.  Mr.  S.  is  not  living.  2.  Nancy,  who  married 
George  W.  Brittan,  and  removed  to  Iowa,  where   he   died. 

3.  William,  married,  and  lives  at  Attica,  Fountain  Co.,  Ind. 

4.  Cynthia  Ann,  who  married  Andrew  Thomas,  and  died, 
leaving  five  or  six  children ;  he  has  returned  to  North  Caro- 
lina. 5.  Patspy  S.,  widow  of  Jesse  B.  Dean.  6.  Harnpton  L., 
who  married  Mary  Stanley,  and  lives  in  Missouri.  7.  Wygatt, 
who  married,  first,  Mary  Macy ;  second,  Margaret  Macy.  8. 
Elizabeth,  wife  of  John  C.  Potter.  9.  Judith,  who  married 
Charles  Garrett;  removed  to  Missouri,  where  he  died,  and 


yf^   ^l^^Si^ 


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,4^  .^^"-^3^% 


<^€^ey^^ 


GREEN    TOWNSHIP.  229 

where  she  resideg.  10.  Narcissa,  who  died  at  11 ;  and  JoJm, 
who  died  at  5.  Mrs.  Green  died  Sept.  20,  1858;  and  Dec.  27, 
1860,  Mr.  Green  married  Mrs.  Polly  Dean,  widow  of  Frederic 
Dean.  In  1865,  he  sold  his  farm,  and  removed  to  where  he 
now  resides,  near  Richmond. 

EzEKiEL  Johnson  was  born  in  Monmouth  Co.,  N.  J.,  March 
14,  1807,  and  was  married,  Oct.  16,  1828,  to  Mary  Matthews. 
They  removed  to  Green  township  in  1838,  and  settled  3  miles 
north-east  of  WiUiamsburg;  and  in  1861  he  removed  into  the 
town,  in  which  he  still  resides.  He  has  for  many  years  been 
a  local  preacher  in  the  Methodist  Episcopal  church,  and  is  at 
present  a  justice  of  the  peace.  Their  children  were:  Eliza- 
beth, who  married  David  Reynolds,  and  died  in  1852,  aged  24. 
Thomas  S.,  who  married  Amanda  Whitmarsh,  of  Michigan. 
They  left  in  December,  1862,  as  missionaries  to  India.  JIaria, 
who  died  at  14.  Charles  P.,  who  married  Margaret  Cady, 
Martha,  who  married  Wesley  H.  Engle,  and  resides  in  Mis- 
souri ;  and  three  who  died  in  childhood  and  infancy. 

John  Lewis  was  born  in  Guilford  Co.,  JST.  C,  in  the  year 
1765,  and  was  married  to  Sarah  Ruct.  In  1810,  he  came  with 
his  family  to  Wayne  Co.,  Ind.,  and  settled  half  a  mile  south  of 
the  present  town  of  Williamsburg.  His  eldest  son,  Richard, 
who  had  attained  the  age  of  majority,  accompanied  the 
family.  These  were  the  first  settlers  in  what  is  now  Green 
township.  Hence  it  will  be  readily  presumed  that  he  had  a 
thorough  experience  in  all  that  pertains  to  pioneer  life  in  a 
timbered  country.  He  lived  on  the  farm  on  wliich  he  first 
settled  until  his  death.  His  children  were  :  1.  Hannah,  who 
married  Thomas  Lamb,  of  Green  township;  2.  Richard,  who 
married  Lavina  Hall;  3.  Sarah,  wife  of  Obadiah  Harris,  who 
Hves  near  Indianapolis ;  4.  Naomi,  who  married  James  Harris, 
and  died  in  the  township;  5.  Jiar/'Aa,  wife  of  Samuel  Iv.  Boyd, 
died  in  the  township;  6.  Priscilla,  who  married  David  Martin- 
dale,  and  died  near  Indianapolis;  7.  AUen  TF.,  who  married 
Lucy  Hollingsworth,  and  resides  1  mile  south-west  of  Will- 
iamsburg. 

Joseph  Lewis,  son  of  John  Lewis,  w^as  born  in  Xorth  Caro- 
lina, Feb.  6,  1794,  and  came,  at  the  age  of  sixteen,  with  his 
father,  to  Wayne  county.     He  married  Martha  Boyd,  who  was 


230  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

born  ]!^ov.  27, 1800.  He  resides  on  the  farm  on  which  his  father 
settled  in  1810.  His  occupation  has  been  that  of  a  farmer; 
and  by  industry  and  economy  has  acquired  a  large  estate.  He 
taught,  at  an  early  age,  the  first  school  in  the  township.  He 
has  held  the  ofiice  of  justice  of  the  peace,  and  has  represented 
the  county  in  the  legislature.  He  has  had  twelve  children : 
1.  Samuel  W.,  who  died  at  10.  2.  Louisa,  who  married 
Thomas  Cranor.  3.  31inerva,  who  married  Nathan  Wilson, 
and  after  his  death,  Jacob  Swearingen,  and  lives  in  Henry  Co. 
4.  Adaline  M.,  unmarried.  5.  John  H.,  who  married  Eliza- 
beth Kelso,  of  Huntsville,  and  resides  there.  6.  Cai^oline,  who 
married  Henry  Stigleman.  7.  Clarissa,  who  married  George  H. 
Smith,  and  lives  6  miles  south  of  Richmond.  8.  Lorinda,  who 
married  Abner  Clawson,  and  died  in  1864.  9.  Narcissa,  who 
married  Isaac  Jenkinson,  of  Fort  Wayne,  a  lawyer,  and  editor 
of  the  Fort  Wayne  Gazette,  and  now  consul  at  Glasgow, 
Scotland.  10,  11.  Martha  and  Sarah,  who  died  at  6.  12. 
Josejjhine  S.,  who  married  A\^m.  Hunt,  and  lives  6  miles  south 
of  Richmond. 

Joseph  Personett,  a  native  of  Maryland,  removed  from 
Hamilton  Co.,  O.,  in  the  winter  of  1821-1822,  and  settled  If 
miles  south  of  Williamsburg,  on  the  laud  now  owned  by  Frank 
Beverlin,  where  he  lived  until  his  death,  in  1864,  aged  84 
years.  Susannah,  his  wife,  who  was  a  native  of  Virginia,  died 
several  years  earlier.  They  had  a  daughter  and  five  sons:  1. 
Lavina,  who  married  Wm.  Case ;  removed  about  1854  to 
Wabash  Co.,  and  died  there  in  1868.  2.  Rolla,  who  married 
Thamer  Livingston ;  lived  in  Ohio  several  years ;  and  lives 
now  in  Hancock  Co.,  Ind.  3.  John,  who  married  Jane 
Chngon,  and  died  near  Troy,  Ohio,  in  1836.  4.  William,  who 
married  Julia  Ann  Fulton ;  taught  school  in  this  county 
several  years;  served  two  terms  as  county  surveyor;  removed 
to  Hancock  Co.  about  the  year  1854,  and  died  there  in  1857. 
5.  Joseph  .II.,  who  married  Therissa  Jane  Murray;  lived  on  the 
homestead  until  1870 ;  now  resides  in  the  north  part  of  this 
county.  6.  Lorenzo  D.,  who  married  Ann  E.  Ogborn ;  taught 
schools  about  three  years ;  was  engaged  in  mercantile  business 
about  three  years;  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  John  Pritchett 
in  Centerville,  from  1841  to  1844,  and  removed  to  the  town  of 


[RJY    ST 


HARRISON    TOWNSHIP.  231 

Washington,  where  he  has  been,  and  is  now,  in  the  practice 
of  his  profession  and  in  the  mercantile  business. 

Henry  Study  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  near  Marykxnd 
line,  Feb.  12,  1780.  In  his  twenty-third  year  he  removed  to 
New  Windsor,  Md. ;  and  was  soon  after  married  to  Charlotte 
Cook.  He  removed  thence  to  this  county,  and  settled, in  1819, 
a  mile  west  from  AYilliamsburg,  where  he  resided  until  his 
death,  Aug.  6,1862,  and  where  his  son  John  now  resides.  His 
wife  died  about  a  year  later.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Meth- 
odist church,  and  was  associated  with  other  pioneers  in  estab- 
lishing Methodism  in  this  section  of  the  country.  He  was 
one  of  the  few  who  organized  the  first  class  in  the  region  where 
he  lived,  and  was  appointed  its  leader.  His  children  were — 
1.  David,  who  married  Lydia,  a  daughter  of  Seth  Way,  and 
resides  2|-  miles  north-west  from  Williamsburg.  2.  Josejjh, 
who  also  married  a  daughter  of  Seth  Way,  and  lives  |  rpile 
south  of  David's.  3.  Louisa,  who  married  Joseph  Cranor, 
and  is  deceased.  4.  William,  wlio  married  Harriet  Stegall, 
who  resides  1|  miles  west  from  town.  5.  Samuf I,  who  resides 
at  Hagerstown,  and  is  a  cabinet-maker.  6.  llatilda,  who  mar- 
ried James  Stanley,  not  now  living ;  she  resides  at  Williams- 
burg. 7.  Henry,  who  married  Sarah  Lomax,  and  resides  2 
miles  west  from  town.  8.  Isaac,  who  married  Catharine, 
daughter  of  John  Green,  and  is  deceased;  the  widow  resides 
in  town.  9.  Martin,  who  married  Helen  Greenstreet,  and  re- 
sides in  Selma,  Ind.  10.  John,  \yho  married  Nancy  Smith,  and 
lives  a  mile  west  from  Willi amsbursf. 


HAEEISON  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  was  formed  in  the  year  1843.  Its  shape  is 
irregular.  The  distance  between  its  eastern  and  western 
bounds  varies  from  5  miles  to  2  ;  the  distance  between  its 
northern  and  southern  bounds  varying  from  2  to  4-J  miles.  Its 
area  is  less  than  that  of  any  other  township  in  the  county 
except  Dalton,  being  only  19  square  miles.  Green's  Fork 
crosses  the  eastern  part  of  it,  about  a  mile  and  a  half  west  of 
the  east  line :  and  the  main  branch  of  another  stream  crosses 


232  ■         HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

the  two  northernmost  and  the  three  western  sections  of  the 
township. 

Samuel  Boyd,  from  Tennessee,  settled,  in  the  spring  of 
1811,  ahout  2J  miles  north-west  of  the  present  town  of  Jack- 
sonburg.  He  was  probably  the  first  settler  in  the  township. 
His  land  was  that  at  present  owned  by  Jacob  Metzker's  heirs. 
In  October  following,  John  Beard,  from  N.  C,  after  a  year's 
sojourn  in  Tennessee,  and  a  residence  of  five  years  south  of 
Hunt's  settlement,  within  the  bounds  of  the  present  county 
of  Union,  settled  near  the  south-west  corner  of  this  township. 
He  cut  his  road  a  great  part  of  the  way  through  the  wilder- 
ness, without  assistance,  having  his  family  and  goods  with 
him,  and  driving  his  team,  and  his  cow  and  calf.  His  farm, 
on  which  he  resided  the  remainder  of  his  life,  is  now  owned 
by  his  son,  Isaac  IT.  Beard,  who  lives  about  a  mile  north-east 
fropa  the  old  homestead. 

During  the  winter  and  spring  of  1812,  Jesse  Beard,  Thomas 
Eay,  Wm.  Irving,  John  McKee,  Eobert  Leavell,  Joseph 
Worl,  and  others,  also  settled  in  the  township.  On  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Indian  war  in  the  spring  of  1812,  a  num- 
ber left,  and  some  of  them  never  returned.  Those  who 
remained  built  a  fort,  with  a  block-house  in  one  corner, 
in  which  they  gathered  at  night,  and  in  the  day  returned 
to  their  homes.  Most  of  the  women  and  children  were 
taken  to  the  east  part  of  the  county,  or  to  the  border 
of  Ohio,  and  stayed  until  the  war  was  over.  The  fort  was  on 
the  ground  of  Henry  Brown,  now  owned  by  Penj.  Clark,  a 
mile  west  of  Jacksouburgh,  and  was  built  by  Samuel  Boyd 
and  his  sons  Samuel  K.,  James,  William,  and  Robert  Boyd, 
Henry  Brown,  "Wm.  Irviug,  and  Thomas  Ray. 

The  following  are  the  names  of  early  settlers  in  this  town- 
ship, and  of  the  present  owners  and  occupants.  Those  named 
as  early  settlers,  however,  were  not  in  all  cases  the  first  set- 
tlers— some  of  them,  perhaps,  were  the  second  or  third  owners : 

Robert  Leavell,  in  1811  or  1812,  settled  near  the  present  site 
of  Jacksouburgh,  the  town  being  on  a  part  of  the  quarter  sec- 
tion, and  a  part  of  the  land  now  owned  by  Henry  jSTull. 
Jonathan  Morris,  on  land  now  owned  by  his  son  Jonathan, 
and   resides   with   his   son    Elias  Morris.     Abraham  Crum, 


^?>'^^t^-<^<S^^S^ 


HARRISON    TOWNSHIP.      '  233 

(probabl}^)  where  D.  Reiser  lives.  AVm.  Brown,  wliere  Lewis 
Bond  resides.  Isaac  Sellers,  where  John  Kensinger  lives. 
Peter  Roller,  on  land  noAV  owned  in  part  by  John  Boyd. 
Peter  Runyan,  on  land  now  owned  by  Wasliington  TVorl's 
heirs.  James  Wilcox,  on  land  now  owned  by  Jacob  Allen. 
Samnel  and  Wm.  Boyd,  on  land  now  owned  by  Joseph 
Lewis,  of  Green  township.  James  Ralston  and  John  Shank, 
on  land  now  owned  by  Martin  Worl.  Joseph  Charles,  on 
land  now  owned  b}^  Silas  Spitler.  Sampson  Nation,  a  native 
of  S.  C,  after  a  sojonrn  in  Tennessee  and  Kentucky,  settled 
near  Jacksonburgh,  1815,  where  Samnel  ("arr  resides.  He 
also  lived  near  Germantown,  and  moved  to  Dudley,  Henry 
Co.,  in  1825.  His  sons,  Abel  and  William,  are  at  Xew  Lisbon. 
Ephraim  Clark,  a  native  of  Pa.,  came  from  Ivy.  in  1814,  and 
settled  on  land  first  owned  by  Henry  Brown,  on  which  his 
son  Benj.  Clark  now  resides. 

James  Dougherty  settled  a  mile  south  of  Jacksonburgh,  and 
worked  at  farming  and  tailoring.  Ilis  farm  is  now  owned 
by  Adam  Rader.  Zadok  Dougherty  made  spinning-wheels 
in  town,  and  afterward  settled  half  a  mile  west,  where  liis 
family  now  reside.  George  N".  Holman,  from  England,  set- 
tled near  James  Dougherty;  had  a  small  farm,  and  was 
a  shoemaker.  John  McKee,from  Ky.,  settled  IJ  miles  south- 
west of  town,  where  he  died,  land  now  owned  by  heirs  of 
Ebenr.  Eliason.  John  Scott,  from  Ivy,,  in  1811,  settled  1|- 
miles  north  from  town,  wliere  he  died.  His  sons  Harrison 
and  John  reside  in  the  township;  John  on  the  homestead; 
Harrison,  on  a  farm  adjoining.  Another  son,  Elias,  died  in 
the  township. 

Thomas  J.  Warman  settled,  first,  south  of  town,  afterward 
permanently  2  miles  south-west  from  town,  where  he  residetl 
until  his  death.  He  was  a  member  of  the  first  board  of 
county  commissioners  elected  under  the  constitution  of  181G, 
and  was  associated  with  James  Odell  and  Thomas  Beard.  In 
1815,  Josiah  Bundy  settled  on  Warman's  first  place,  sold  it 
afterward  to  Abner  M.  Bradbur}^,  and  removed  to  Rush  or 
Henry  Co.  ;  the  farm  now  owned  by  Philip  Binkley.  Michael 
Swope,  from  Pa.,  settled  about  a  mile  east  from  town,  on  land 
lately  owned  by  Andrew  Eliason,  now  by  John  Kepler. 


234  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Wm.  Irvin  settled  J  mile  west  from  town,  where  John 
Mundel  lives.  Andrew  Cunningham,  on  land  now  owned  by 
the  heirs  of  Nicholas  Hipe.  David  Bowers,  where  George 
Lichty  lives,  in  the  south-west  part  of  the  township.  George 
Bundy,  on  land  now  owned  by  Charles  Boughner.     Isaac 

Morris,  on   land  lately  owned   by   A.  Boyd,   now  by   

Shanks.  Joseph  Shanks,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  his  son- 
in-law,  Enos  Beard.  Richard  L.  Leeson,  from  Ya.,  in  1816, 
on  the  land  now  owned  by  his  heirs,  on  Green's  Fork.  He 
served  in  the  war  of  1812.  School  section,  [16]  now  owned 
by  R.  L.  Leeson's  heirs,  H.  Hoover,  Peter  Kepler,  and  Hender- 
son Hosier.  P.  Kepler  owns  lands  in  sections  10  and  15. 
Lewis  Hosier  settled  early  south  of  school  section,  probably 
on  the  quarter  owned  by  A.  M.  Hosier,  J.  Boyd,  and  A. 
Bond.  Thomas  Reynolds,  from  N.  J,,  now  in  the  south-east 
corner  of  the  township ;  first  settler  not  recollected.  Isaac 
Kinley,  father  of  Major  Isaac  Kinley,  of  Richmond,  on  the 
land  now  owned  by  M.  Jarbow.  On  the  south  half  of  sec. 
10,  owned  by  J.  Beeson,  P.  Kepler,  and  S.  Kitterman,  first 
settlers  not  remembered.  Daniel  Huif,  where  now  C.  Huff, 
his  son,  lives,  on  the  east  line  of  the  township. 

The  first  School  is,  said  to  have  been  taught — probably  in 
the  winter  of  1814-15,  in  a  log  school-house  on  the  bank  of 
Martindale's  creek,  IJ  miles  north  of  Jacksonburgh.  It  is 
supposed  by  others  that  Jonathan  Kidwell  kept  the  first 
school  in  a  log  school-house  11^  miles  south-west  from  town. 
A  whole  log,  says  Isaac  N.  Beard,  was  cut  out  for  a  window, 
and  the  aperture  closed  by  his  father,  John  Beard,  who 
pasted  over  it  numbers  of  the  Cincinnati  Gazette. 

The  first  Blacksmith  was  Joseph  Rippey,  1|  miles  north  of 
Jacksonburgh. 

The  first  Grist-mill  is  said  to  have  been  built  as  early  as 
1812,  by  one  Doane.  The  frame  consisted  of  two  sycamore 
trees  felled  across  the  stream.  The  bed  stone  was  laid  on 
these  logs,  and  a  shaft  from  a  tub  wheel  passed  up  between 
the  logs,  and  turned  the  upper  stone.  Four  forks  set  into 
the  ground  supported  the  roof  of  split  clapboards,  which 
covered  the  millstones  and  hopper.  Like  many  of  the  earlier 
mills,  it  ground  only  corn.    Aaron  Miller,  about  1818,  built 


HARKISON    TOWNSHIP.  235 

Oil  Martiiidale's  creek  a  saw-mill,  said  to  have  been  the  first 
ill  the  township.  Several  years  after,  James  Wilcox  and 
Francis  Brown  built  a  saw-mill  a  mile  and  a  half  north  of 
Jacksonbnrgh ;  and  another  Avas  built  by  Jehu  Jones,  about 
the  year  1825,  a  mile  and  a  half  north-west  from  town,  in  the 
place  of  a  grist-mill  burned  some  years  before.  Another  saw- 
mill was  built  2  miles  south-west  I'rom  Jacksonbnrgh,  by 
Jonathan  Morris.  On  Green's  Fork,  a  mile  east  from  town,  a 
grist-mill  was  built  about  the  year  1838,  by  Wm.  McLucas, 
where  a  mill  is  still  run  by  Henry  Hoover, 

On  and  near  Green's  Fork,  Jacob  Hoover  settled  where  Bee- 
son  lives,  and  near  the  land  owned  by  H.  Hoover.  James  and 
John  Boyd  settled  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Henry  Hoover, 

who  lives  on  it  and  owns  the  grist-mill. Knott,  on  land 

now  owned  by  John  Kepler,  who  also  owns  land  adjoining. 

John  HoUiday  settled  about  2  m.  north-east  from  town  ;  the 
land  now  owned  by  his  heirs.  Samuel  Holliday,  where  now 
Kankin  Baldridge  resides,  adjoining  Jefferson  and  Clay  town- 
ships. [ISTathaniel  Leonard  is  believed  to  have  settled  on  the 
land  now  owned  by  J.  Alonzo  Scott,  on  the  north  line  of  the 
township.  David  Beeson,  from  N.  C.  to  Wayne  Co.  in  1825, 
settled  in  1830  on  the  place  now^  owned  by  his  son  Jabez,  in 
the  south-east  corner  of  the  township.  He  died  in  1855,  aged 
61.  Solomon  Kittermau,  from  Va.,  in  1838,  on  the  place  where 
he  now  lives.  Jesse  Hosier  was  born  on  Green's  Fork,  in  this 
township,  and  died  in  18(36,  aged  51.  His  widow  resides  2| 
miles  north-west  from  Centerville. 

The  Town  of  Jacksonbnrgh  was  laid  out  by  Robert  Leavell. 
The  survey,  by  Henry  Bryan,  was  dated  March  23,  1815,  and 
recorded  May  31, 1815.  Centerville  is  the  only  town  of  earlier 
date  in  the  county.  Jacksonburgh  was  the  place  for  holding 
elections  in  the  township  of  Jackson  until  1836,  when  it  was 
changed  to  Cambridge.  It  was  a  central  place  for  military 
parades,  liorse-racing,  and  somewhat  signalized  for  fighting. 
For  a  few  years  it  grew  considerably.  Abraham  Elliott  set- 
tled in  the  town  soon  after  it  was  laid  out,  and  kept  the  first 
Tavern  in  a  log  house.  A  Tannery  was  built  by  Josiah  Brad- 
bury ;  a  lZ«i!-s/(o/9  was  established  by  John  Zatt;  a  Pottery  hy 
Zachariah  Gapen  ;  one  or  more  Blacksmith-shops;  a  shop  for 


236  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

making  Spinning-wheels,  by  Zadok  Dougherty.  Jonathan 
Kidwell,  also,  who  soon  settled  in  town,  is  said  to  have  been  a 
wheelwright,  and  for  a  time  a  preacher  in  the  Christian 
church,  and  later  a  Universalist  preacher. 

The  first  Physician  in  Jacksonburgh  was  Loring  A.  Waldo, 
about  1818,  who,  about  fifteen  years  afterward,  moved  to  Del- 
aware Co.  The  next,  it  is  believed,  was  L.  P.  Pumphrey,  who, 
after  a  few  years,  removed  to  Henry  Co.  Among  his  suc- 
cessors were  Dr.  Leggett,  Dr.  Taylor,  and  in  1849,  Dr.  Samuel 
S.  Boyd,  now  of  Dublin.     Present  physician,  John  R.  Mauk. 

Ezekiel  Leavell  is  supposed  to  have  been  the  first  Merchant 
in  Jacksonburgh,  probably  soon  after  the  town  was  laid  out. 
"Who  were  his  early  successors  has  not  been  ascertained.  Eif- 
ner  &  Hurst  were  there  in  1841 ;  and  in  1843-45,  Strattan  & 
Wright. 

Richard  L.  Leeson,  a  native  of  Pa.,  came  from  Eaton,  O., 
settled  a  mile  east  of  town,  and  established  a  Tannery  about 
the  same  time  that  Josiah  Bradbury  commenced  his  in  town, 
and  sold  to  his  brother  Abner  M.,  who  continued  it  for  many 
years. 

The  first  Religious  Society  in  the  township  is  believed  to  have 
been  that  of  the  Christians,  then  called  by  some  ISTewlights, 
at  Jacksonburgh,  formed  about  1815.  They  held  meetings  in 
dwellings,  barns,  and  school-houses.  In  1820,  they  built  a 
frame  meeting-house  in  town.  The  society  was  formed  by 
David  Piirviance,  Samuel  Boyd,  John  Scott,  and  others,  who 
were  afterward  joined  by  John  Beard,  Richard  L.  Leeson, 
Robert  Leavell,  Elijah  Martiudale,  and  others.  Another  in- 
formant names  as  first  members,  Samuel  and  Isabella  Boyd, 
Sarah,  William,  John,  and  Abraham  Crum,  Wm.  Reynolds, 
Jesse  Frazier,  Henry  Logan,  Jonathan  Kidwell,  and  others — 
60  or  70  in  all.  The  society,  he  says,  was  organized  as  a 
Christian  or  Disciple  church,  by  James  McYey  and  Daniel 
Winder.  Among  the  members  were  Joseph  Shank,  Wm. 
Boyd,  R.  L.  Leeson,  Mary  Graham,  and  others.  Their  house 
was  destroyed  by  fire  about  1840,  by  an  incendiary.  It  was 
replaced  in  1841  by  a  brick  house,  which  was  remodeled  in 
1870;  and  a  dedicatory  sermon  was  preached  by  Elder  David 
Franklin. 


'-^ct^^^^a^. 


HARRISON  TOWNSHIP.  237 

The  Friends  also  formed  a  society  about  the  year  1815  or 
1816,  at  West  Union,  li  miles  south  of  Jacksonburgh.  Patrick 
Beard,  Benj.  Morgan,  Wm.  Saint,  John  Lacy,  Lewis  Hosier, 
Josiah  Bundy,  Jehoshaphat  Morris,  and  Jonathan  Morris,  were 
early  members.  Meetings  were  held  in  a  log  house.  The 
society  existed  about  15  years.     [See  Milford  Meeting.] 

Biograpliical  and  Genealogical. 

John  Beard  was  born  in  JSTorth  Carolina,  August  2,  1780. 
His  parents  emigrated  from  Londonderry,  Ireland,  and  settled 
in  ISTorth  Carolina  in  1770.  He  married  Mary  Wright  in  Car- 
olina, in  1803 ;  removed  with  two  children  to  Tennessee,  and 
thence,  a  year  after,  in  1806,  to  a  few  miles  below  Hunt's  set- 
tlement, now  in  Union  county,  and  in  October,  1811,  to  the 
present  township  of  Harrison,  cutting  his  road  a  part  of  the 
way  through  the  wilderness,  and  driving  his  team  with  his 
family  and  household  goods,  and  a  cow  and  a  calf,  without  as- 
sistance. He  had  a  full  measure  of  the  experience  of  pioneer 
life.  He  is  represented  as  having  been  an  honest,  industrious, 
and  estimable  citizen.  He  was  for  a  time  a  member  of  the 
Christian  society  at  Jacksonburgh,  and  one  of  their  preachers; 
and  at  a  later  period  embraced  the  Universalist  faith.  He  is 
spoken  of  by  one  who  knew  him  well,  as  "  a  patriot  and  a 
true  lover  of  his  country,  at  all  times  manifesting  a  deep  inter- 
est in  the  prosperity  of  the  United  States,  and  the  perpetuity 
of  our  free  institutions;  and  that  in  the  faithful  discharge 
of  his  duties  as  a  husband,  a  parent,  and  a  neighbor,  "  he  left 
behind  him  an  example  worthy  to  be  followed."  He  died  Feb. 
13, 1859,  in  his  79th  year.  Being  a  member  of  Hall  of  Milton 
Lodge  of  Free  Masons,  he  was  buried  with  the  usual  Masonic 
ceremonies  on  the  15th.  His  wife  survived  him  less  than  two 
years.  She  died  at  Milton,  Oct.  16,  1860,  in  her  81st  year. 
She  proved  a  valuable  helpmeet  to  her  husband  amidst  the 
hardships  and  privations  of  pioneer  life,  and  possessed  in  a 
high  degree  those  qualities  which  adorn  the  female  character, 
and  which  fitted  her  so  well  for  the  discharge  of  her  social  and 
domestic  duties.  The  children  of  John  Beard  were :  1. 
Sarah,  wife  of  Robert  AYillitts,  who  died  in  Iowa.  2.  Isaac  N. 
[Sk.]     3.  Mary    W.,  wife  of  Jacob   Sinks,  deceased ;  resides 


238  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

with  her  daughter,  wife  of  Kilby  Ferguson,  Indianapolis.  4. 
Malinda  K.,  wife  of  H.  C.  Justice,  who  went  to  the  far  west 
some  thirteen  years  ago,  and  is  supposed  to  be  dead.  She  re- 
sides with  her  brother,  Isaac  N.,  in  Harrison. 

Isaac  N.  Beard,  son  of  John  Beard,  was  born  in  I^orth 
Carohna,  May  16,  1808.  He  was  about  three  years  of  age 
when  his  father  settled,  in  1811,  in  what  is  now  Harrison 
township,  the  place  being  then  without  a  name.  Being  an 
only  son,  his  help  was  needed  on  the  farm,  where  he  remained 
until  after  he  attained  to  manhood.  He  married,  March  31, 
1833,  Matilda  Swope,  who  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  Oct. 
19,  1814.  He  settled  in ,  on  the  farm  where  he  now  re- 
sides, near  that  of  his  father.  He  possesses  the  esteem  and 
confideuce  of  his  fellow-citizens ;  having  received  at  their  hands 
various  offices  of  trust,  the  duties  of  which  he  faithfully  dis- 
charged. He  holds  now,  and  has  held  for  many  years,  the 
office  of  justice  of  the  peace ;  and  has  been  elected  as  representa- 
tive of  the  county  in  the  state  legislature.  His  wife  died  of  a 
cancerous  affection,  Feb.  11, 1871.  Their  children  are  Victoria, 
who  married  James  Lichty ;  Mary,  who  married  George  T. 
Kepler;  Benton  J.,  John  W.,Levi  W.,  Matilda,  Ida. 

Samuel  Boyd  was  born  in  Craven  Co.,  S.  C,  May  20, 1763.  He 
was  of  Scotch  descent.  His  father,  James  Boyd,  had  previously 
emigrated  thither  from  Vi^-ginia,  and  had  six  sons  and  two 
daughters.  The  father  and  one  son  died  in  a  Tory  prison  dur- 
ing the  lievolutionary  war;  and  Samuel,  the  subject  of  this 
sketch,  came  near  losing  his  life  by  a  ball  from  a  Tory  gun. 
He  recovered,  however,  with  the  loss  of  his  left  eye,  and  served 
through  the  war,  having  enlisted  at  the  age  of  16.  He  was 
married,  December  12,  1785,  to  Isabella  Higgins,  who  also  was 
of  Scotch  descent,  and  a  not  distant  relative  of  Robert  Burns, 
the  poet.  She  did  not  forget,  through  life,  that,  when  a  young 
woman,  she  danced  with  Andrew  Jackson.  In  1788,  Samuel 
Boyd,  with  his  wife  and  one  child,  moved  to  Kentucky,  where 
they  lived  23  years.  To  provide  homes  for  his  nine  children, 
he  removed  to  Whitewater  Valley ;  and  in  November,  1811, 
he  built  a  tent  of  bark  and  limbs  of  trees  on  Martindale's 
creek,  2  miles  north  of  Jacksonburgh,  where  he  entered  a  quar- 


T«% 


-■fta 


.^ 


^Joc  co^  J\P^W0^^L^ 


HARRISON    TOWNSHIP.  239 

ter  section  of  land,  on  which  he  hved  until  his  death,  Novem- 
ber 27,  1835,  aged  72  years. 

In  1801,  during  the  famed  Kane  revival,  in  Kentucky,  lie 
made  a  profession  of  the  Christian  religion,  and  during  tlie 
remainder  of  his  life  he  labored  faithfully,  as  a  minister,  for 
the  salvation  of  others.  During  a  missionary  tour  to  the  In- 
dians, he  again  came  near  losing  his  life.  An  Indian  boy 
thoughtles-ly  touched  a  burning  brand  to  a  keg  of  powder, 
blowing  the  rude  hut  to  pieces,  killing  two  children,  and  in- 
juring Samuel  Boyd,  who  was  laid  out  as  dead.  He  recov- 
ered, and  for  more  than  a  score  of  years  was  an  active 
laborer  in  the  cause  of  his  Master.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
Christian  church,  then  often  termed  "Newlights."'  As  a 
public  speaker  he  was  earnest  and  animated,  and  for  one  of 
so  limited  educational  advantages  was  an  efficient  Christian 
teacher.  His  wife  lived  to  the  age  of  88  years,  and  died  a 
Christian,  October  31,  1852.  They  had  ten  children ;  all  but 
one  having  lived  to  be  married,  and  settled  as  farmers  and 
farmers'  wives,  and  all  except  one  in  Wayne  county :  1. 
James,  who  died  in  Richmond,  September  29, 1863.  2.  John, 
who,  at  the  age  of  82,  resides  in  Dublin.  3.  William,  who 
died  in  Harrison  township,  September  22,  1846.  4.  Elizabeth, 
wife  of  Elijah  Martindale,  lives  at  Newcastle,  aged  78.  5. 
Samuel  K.,  who  resides  at  Centerville.  6,  Lard,  who  died  in 
infancy.  7.  Robert,  who  settl-ed  in  Henry  county,  and  died 
there,  February  24,  1853.  8.  Martha,  wife  of  Joseph  Lewis, 
at  Williamsburg,  aged  71.  9.  Mary,  wife  of  Abner  M.  Brad- 
bury, Cambridge  City,  aged  67.  10.  Isabella  Ladd,  who  died 
in  Marion  county,  September  16,  1854.  These  nine  heads  of 
families  had  92  children;  and  these  have  so  multiplied  that 
it  is  safe  to  estimate  the  descendants  of  Samuel  and  Isabella 
Boyd  at  the  present  date  (1871),  at  550  children,  grandchild- 
ren, great-grandchildren,  and  great-great-grandchildren.  At 
a  social  reunion  of  the  Boyd  family  in  1861,  274  of  them 
sat  down  to  a  dinner,  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  being 
absent. 

Abner  M.  Bradbury  was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  0.,  July 
8,   1798,  removed   from   Butler   Co.,   at   the    age   of  17,    to 


240  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Martindale's  creek,  3  miles  west  of  the  town  of  Washington, 
and,  with  his  brother  John,  built  a  small  falling  mill  in  1815. 
In  1820,  he  settled  in  Harrison  township.  In  March,  1821, 
he  married  Mary,  a  daughter  of  Samuel  Boyd.  He  was,  in 
1820,  appointed  deputy  sheriii*  under  Abraham  Elliott;  was 
a  delegate  to  the  Whig  National  Convention  in  1848;  was 
elected  in  that  year  an  associate  judge  for  Wayne  Co.;  and  in 
1832,  1833,  and  1834,  elected  a  representative  in  the  legisla- 
ture. In  1836,  he  was  elected  a  senator,  and  held  two  years; 
and  again  in  1841,  for  three  years.  In  April,  1869,  he  removed 
to  Cambridge  City,  where  he  now  resides.     His  children  are: 

1.  Isabel,  who  married  James  Leeson,  of  Harrison  township. 

2.  Caroline,  wife  of  James  Kussell,  Alexandria,  Madison  Co. 

3.  William  H.,  who  married  Jane  Kinley.  4.  Elizabeth,  wife 
of  Isaac  Harned,  of  Cambridge  City.  5.  James  L.,  who  mar- 
ried Eveline  Nicholson,  and  resides  near  Newcastle.  6.  Martha, 
wife  of  Josephus  Mundell,  of  Hagerstown.  7.  Samuel  B., 
who  married  Margaret  O'Neal,  and. resides  at  Winchester.  8. 
Daniel  M.,  who  married  Sarah  Ballenger,  and  resides  at  In- 
dianapolis. 9.  Robert  Burns,  who  married  Sarah  Townsend, 
and  resides  at  Cambridge  City.  10.  Albert  W.,  w^ho  married 
Francis  Hatfield,  and  resides  at  Cambridge  City.  11.  Allison 
B.,  who  married  Sarah  Burr,  and  is  a  practicing  physician  at 
Milton.     12.  Emma,  unmarried. 

Lewis  Hosier,  from  North  Carolina,  in  1807,  after  a  few 
years'  residence  on  the  Elkhorn,  settled  on  the  land  now  owned 
by  his  son  Henderson  in  Harrison.  He  was  a  man  of  limited 
education,  which  was  chiefly  acquired  from  the  few  books  he 
was  able  to  obtain,  or  to  which  he  had  access.  He  was  fond 
of  reading,  and  succeeded  in  getting  hold  of  a  number  of 
works  of  the  best  authors,  which  he  read  with  avidity,  and 
with  which  he  made  himself  familiar.  He  delighted  in  dis- 
cussion; was  an  acute  reasoner,  and  adhered  with  unusual  firm- 
ness, not  to  say  obstinacy,  to  deliberately  formed  opinions.  He 
was  a  man  of  strict  integrity.  His  children  living  are  Isaiah, 
in  Demnark,  Iowa,  and  Henderson,  in  the  south-east  part 
of  Harrison  township.  Children  deceased,  Enoch,  Jesse,  Eliz- 
abeth, Mary.     Lewis  Hosier  died  in  1853,  aged  78. 


l^i 


.*•"' 


sv° 


HARRISON    TOWNSHIP.  241 

Peter  Kepler,  son  of  Matthias  Kepler,  a  Revolutionary 
soldier,  emigrated  from  Pennsylvania  to  this  county  in  the 
year  1820,  and  for  about  a  year  lived  in  the  Treadway  mill  on 
Green's  Fork,  in  the  north-east  part  of  Washington  township. 
In  1821,  he  settled  in  the  east  part  of  Harrison  tovrnship,  on 
the  land  now  owned  by  his  son  John,  where  he  died  in  1817, 
aged  65  years.  His  childen  were  John,  Peter,  Margaret, 
Catharine,  and  Andrew  T. 

John  Kepler,  son  of  Peter  Kepler,  Sen.,  was  born  January 
8,  1808,  at  Middletown  Valley,  Frederick  Co.,  Maryland.  He 
removed,  in  1815,  with  his  father  to  Green  Co.,  Pa.,  and  thence, 
in  1820,  to  Wayne  Co.,  Ind.,  and  now  resides  on  the  farm  on 
which  his  father  settled  permanently,  as  stated  in  the  above 
notice.  Mr.  Kepler  was  married,  first,  to  Anna  Poland,  Dec. 
25,  1828,  and  had  by  her  a  daughter,  Mary  Catharine,  not  now 
living.  He  married,  second,  August  8,  1841,  in  Wayne  Co., 
Angeline  Danner,  who  was  born  in  Maryland,  August  9,  1821, 
by  whom  he  had  seven  children  :  Margaret  Elizabeth,  born 
June  6,  1843 ;  died,  Jan.  22,  1864 ;  Caroline  Zerelda,  born 
July  27,  1845  ;  Orestes  Alexander,  born  July  28,  1849  ;  John 
Florence,  March  10,  1851  ;  died  April  2,  1852 ;  A^ierling 
Kersey,  born  August  5,1853;  Manzella,  a  daughter,  born  June 
24,  1855  ;  Alonzo  Peter,  born  May  11,  1858.  Mr.  Kepler  is 
one  of  the  most  successful  farmers  in  Wayne  county,  and  one 
of  the  principal  financial  men  of  Eastern  Indiana. 

Isaac  Kinley  was  born  in  Guilford  Co.,  N.  C,  Oct.  19,  1797. 
He  settled  in  Randolph  Co.,  in  1817,  and  in  Jackson,  now 
Harrison,  Wayne  Co.,  in  1825.  He  removed,  in  1846,  to  Iowa, 
where  he  died,  December  24,  1858,  from  the  kick  of  a  horse. 
He  married,  in  1816,  in  Highland  Co.,  Ohio,  Ann  Reese. 
Their  children  were  :  1.  Caleb,  who  died  at  24 ;  2.  Edward, 
who  married,  first,  Mahala  Macy,  second,  Mrs.  Mary  B.  Davis, 
and  is  a  lawyer  at  Brunswick,  Missouri.  3.  Frederick,  who,  in 
1846,  removed  from  Randolph  Co.  to  Iowa.  On  the  breaking 
out  of  the  war  in  1861,  he  enlisted,  with  his  two  sons,  Daniel 
and  Oliver  C,  aged  19  and  17.  He  was  in  numerous  battles, 
and  was  wounded  at  Vicksburg,  in  May,  1863 ;  was  fur- 
loughed  home;  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Memphis  in  October; 
and  was  killed  at  Chattanooga  on  the  25th.  4,  Isaac.  [Sk.] 
18 


242  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

5.  Anna,  who  married  Joseph  Wain,  and  resides  at  Wamego, 
Kansas.  6.  Jayie,  who  married  Wm.  Bradbury.  7.  Sarah, 
who  died  in  infancy.  8.  Martha,  who  married  John  Daniels, 
and  resides  at  Marion,  Linn  Co.,  Iowa,  and  is  recorder  of  the 
county. 

Isaac  Kinley,  Jun.,  was  born  in  Randolph  Co.,  Ind.,  Nov. 
27,  1822.  He  married,  iirst,  Nancy  B.  Holloway,  in  1849; 
second,  Mrs.  Jeannie  G.  Adams,  October  2,  1859.  At  the  age 
of  15,  he  commenced  as  a  teacher,  and  taught  district  schools 
for  several  years.  In  1848,  he  commenced  teaching  at  Greens- 
boro' Seminary  ;  and  afterward  taught  in  Union  Seminary  at 
Spiceland,  Henry  Co.  In  1850,  he  was  elected  from  that 
county  to  the  Constitutional  Convention  as  a  free-soil  delegate. 
In  1854,  he  was  elected  state  senator  for  four  years.  In  1861, 
he  removed  to  Richmond ;  and  the  same  year  he  enlisted  in 
the  war,  and  waa  chosen  Captain  by  the  company,  and  elected 
by  the  officers  of  the  36th  regiment  of  Indiana  as  Major,  and 
commissioned  by  the  governor.  He  was  in  the  battles  of 
Corinth,  Perrysville,  Wildcat,  and  wounded  at  Stone  River. 
In  1863,  he  was  appoined  Provost  Marshal  of  the  5th  District, 
In  1866,  he  was  elected  to  the  senate  from  Wayne  Co.  In  1869, 
he  departed  with  his  wife  on  a  tour  to  Europe,  and  returned  to 
his  home  in  Richmond,  having,  during  his  absence  written  a 
series  of  interesting  letters  which  were  published  in  the  Radical 
newspaper  of  Richmond. 

John  Scott,  a  native  of  Virginia,  from  Kentucky  in  1814, 
settled  in  the  north  part  of  what  is  now  the  township  of  Har- 
rison, where  his  son  John  now  resides,  and  where  he  died  in 
1824,  aged  53  years.  His  children  were  James  C,  William, 
Robert,  Jane,  Maria,  Lorenzo,  Harrison,  John,  Paulina,  and 
Lucinda.  James  C.  died  in  1854,  where  his  son  Elias  now 
lives,  aged  50  years.  Also,  William,  Robert,  and  Lorenzo  are 
deceased.  Harrison,  who  married  a  daughter  of  the  late 
Caleb  Lewis,  of  Washington  township,  resides  in  the  north 
part  of  Harrison. 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  243 


JACKSON   TOWNSHIP. 


Jackson  township  was  formed  in  Februar}',  1817,  by  the 
first  board  of  county  commissioners  under  the  first  state  con- 
stitution. It  then  probably  contained  about  one-sixth  of  the 
area  of  the  county,  or  upward  of  60  square  miles.  By  the 
several  alterations  of  its  bounds,  in  the  formation  of  new  town- 
ships and  of  adjoining  counties,  it  has  been  reduced  to  about 
28J  square  miles,  and  to  a  shape  not  easily  described.  It  is  6 
miles  wide  on  its  west  line,  and  3  miles  of  its  east  end  is  but 
1|  miles  wide — its  entire  length  8  miles.  The  National  road 
and  the  Indiana  Central  Railroad  run  on  nearly  parallel  lines, 
about  GO  rods  apart,  east  and  west,  nearly  through  the  whole 
length  of  the  township.  *•■ 

Tlie  earliest  settlement  in  the  township  appears  to  have  been 
made  in  the  eastern  part.  In  1809,  or  soon  after,  John  Short- 
ridge,  from  Ky.,  settled  near  and  south  of  East  Germautown. 
lie  was  the  father  of  John  Shortridge  who  w^as  shot  by  an 
Indian,  as  elsewhere  related.  Wm.  G.  Reynolds,  from  Ohio, 
with  his  brother-in-law,  Isaiah  Drury,  came  in  1811.  Reynolds 
served  in  the  Indian  war  under  Col.  Taylor,  afterward  general 
and  president  of  the  United  States.  Reynolds  and  Drury 
moved  in  1855  to  Illinois,  and  died  there.  George  Shortridge, 
a  son  of  John,  Sen.,  settled  where  Joseph  Vinton  lives,  near 
the  depot.  He  afterward  laid  out  the  town,  mostly  on  his 
own  land,  and  called  it  Georgetown.  The  name  not  being 
general!}^  acceptable  to  the  inhabitants,  it  was  changed  to  Ger- 
mantown. 

East  of  Germautown,  John  Lacy,  of  N.  C,  settled  where 
Henry  Shisler  lives,  and  owned  also  wliere  John  W.  Sfeffy 

resides.     Vance  early  owned  the  land  south  side  of  the 

road  where  Peunville  is.     James  Personett,  from  Ohio,  settled 

in  1819  on   land  now  owned  by Houck,  of  Centerville, 

and  Henry  Whisler.  Jacob  Waltz,  of  Pa.,  in  1823,  on  land 
previously  owned  by  Jesse  Frazier,  who  was  a  Christian 
preacher.  Joseph  Boyd,  from  Ky.,  about  1814,  in  the  east 
part    of    the    township,    near   the    National    road.      Richard 


244  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

"Wharton,  from  Ky.,  in  1814,  settled  where  Joseph  Rothemal 
and  Henry  H.  Bruce  reside.  Wm.  G.  Reynolds,  on  land  now 
owned  by  Cyrenus  Wysong  and  Wm.  Long.  Aaron  Mannon, 
from  Ky,,  on  the  turnpike ;  land  now  owned  by  John  Jacobs. 
Peter  Lacy,  about  1812,  where  Andrew  Eliason  lives.  Patrick 
Beard,  from  IST.  C,  about  1811,  settled  near  the  east  line  of  the 
township.  Pie  was  a  member  of  the  constitutional  convention 
of  1816,  and  was  since  elected  twice  to  the  senate. 

Jacob  Brooks,  from  Ky.,  settled  on  land  still  owned  in  part 

by  himself  and  by Austin,  and  has  removed  into  Center 

township. 

At  a  later  period,  Pennsylvania  Germans  began  to  settle  in 
this  part  of  the  township;  and  the  immigration  continued 
many  years.  John  Huntsinger,  Frederick  Waltz,  Henry  Leon- 
ard, and  others,  natives  of  Pa.,  came  from  Ohio,  about  the 
year  1820.  Huntsinger  settled  a  mile  north-west  of  German- 
town,  and  the  others  near  the  town.  Joseph  Schock,  from 
Pa.,  about  1823,  settled  near  the  south-west  corner  of  the  town, 
and  still  resides  on  the  farm,  a  bachelor,  at  the  age  of  73  years. 
He  bought  of  the  Shortridges.  George  Shaffer  settled  south 
of  the  town,  and  died  about  twelve  years  ago.    Charles  Morris, 

from  N.  C,  settled  in  or  about  1824  where Boughner  now 

lives.  Morris  now  resides  in  town.  About  the  years  1837 
and  1838,  came  Jacob,  Michael,  and  Wm.  Gipe,  and  Jacob 
Sowers,  Jacob  Heist,  and  still  later,  Mahlon  Boughner.  Peter 
Jamison,  in  1838,  settled  2  miles  east  of  town ;  was  a  school 
teacher,  moved  to  town,  and  taught  the  first  school  in  town. 
He  died  in  Dayton,  Ohio,  in  1850. 

Jacob  Vaubuskirk,  from  Ky.,  settled  about  2  miles  east  of 
Germantown,  and  was  a  blacksmith,  probably  the  first  in  the 
east  part  of  the  township.  Henry  H.  Bruce,  a  blacksmith, 
settled  near  town  ifi  1824;  married  Polly  Wharton  in  1825, 
and  removed  to  where  he  now  resides,  2  miles  southeast  of 
town. 

Town  of  Germantown. 

The  town  was  laid  out  by  George  Shortridge,  proprietor; 
John  Beard,  surveyor.  It  was  named  Georgetown,  and  the 
plat  was  recorded  Aug.  1,  1827.  The  name  was  afterward 
changed  to  Germantown,  and  recorded  under  that  name  Sept. 


JACKSON   TOWNSHIP.  24  5 

14,  1832.  The  name  of  its  post-office  is  East  Germantown,  to 
distinguish  it  from  an  earlier  one  named  Germantown  in  this 
state ;  and  the  town  also  seems  to  have  taken  the  name  of  East 
Germantown.  Several  additions  have  heen  made  to  the  town : 
by  Frederick  Johnsonbangh,  Oct.  11,  1837,  recorded  in  1839  ; 
by  Jacob  Rieman,  Oct.  11,  1837,  recorded  Jan.  23,  1841 ;  by 
Jacob  and  John  Baker,  Jan.  1846  ;  by  Charles  Morris,  March 
7,  1853. 

Dr.  Trout,  from  Ohio  about  1834,  was  tbe  first  Physician  in 
town.  lie  remained  but  a  few  years.  The  second  is  supposed 
to  have  been  Dr.  E.  Licket;  the  third,  Dr.  Hittel,  from  Ohio. 
Present  physicians  are  Joseph  Weeks  and  Daniel  Carpenter. 

George  Negly  is  said  to  have  kept  the  first  Tavern,  about 
1836,  then  in  the  west  part  of  the  town.  The  next  was  kept 
by  Jacob  Waltz,  who  built  a  house  in  1836  or  1837,  and  opened 
it  in  1838.  It  was  afterward  kept  by  John  Berry  and  others, 
and  later  by  Jacob  Gipe,  who  sold  it  some  six  or  seven  years 
ago  to  Charles  Morris,  who  sold  it  to  Wm.  Goldman. 

Wm.  Anderson  was  the  first  Merchant  in  Germantown, 
about  1834 ;  the  second,  it  is  said,  was  John  Binkley.  In  1840, 
Wm.  Lawrence  and  Lackey  &  Johnsonbangh  had  stores  here; 
in  1841  and  1842,  F.  &  M.  Johnsonbangh;  in  1843-4,  and 
perhaps  later,  John  S.  Wolf.  In  1844,  Jacob  Gipe  opened  a 
store  where  H.  T.  Jamison  now  trades.  Mr.  Gipe  has  since 
been  in  trade  at  different  times  with  T.  J.  Riley,  H.  T.  Jami- 
son and  Goldman,  retiring  finally  in  1857.     Business  is 

continued  by  Jamison.     Sowers,  who  commenced  in  1856 

with  T.  J.  Riley,  has  since,  as  partner  in  the  firms  of  Schofi"  & 
Sowers,  Sowers  &  Brother,  and  Sowers  &  Riesor,  been  in  the 
business,  with  the  exception  of  one  short  interval,  until  May, 
1871,  when  the  store  was  purchased  by  its  present  proprietors, 
Riesor  &  Rhnle. 

The  first  Blacksmith  in  the  town  probably  was  Jacob  Stevens, 
from  Pa.,  about  1834.  John  Condo,  from  Pa.,  early  bought  of 
John  Crum,  on  the  state  road  near  Germantown,  forty  acres 
of  land  with  a  blacksmith  shop.  After  two  years  it  was  de- 
stroyed by  tire  ;  and  Condo  built  a  shop  in  town.  A  year  or 
two  after,  it  passed  into  the  hands  of  Adam  Condo ;  and  the 
business  was  carried  on  by  Adam  and  Peter  Condo,  near  where 


246  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

the  latter  now  carries  on  the  blacksmithing  and  wagon-making 
business,  at  the  east  end  of  the  town. 

The  manufacture  of  Cast  Steel  Plows  was  commenced  many 
years  ago,  by  Adam  Condo,  an  early  resident  of  Gerraantown. 
The  business  was  afterward  carried  on  by  A.  Condo  &  Son 
[Daniel  Condo].  'New  buildings  of  brick  were  erected  in 
1870;  and  since  last  winter  the  business  has  been  conducted 
by  A.  Condo  and  Jacob  Spence,  his  son-in-law  [A.  Condo  & 
Co.]  The  establishment  has  10  forges,  employs  about  15  men, 
and  is  capable  of  making  about  2,000  plows  a  year. 

The  Lutheran  Church  and  congregation  at  East  Germantown, 
composed  mainly  of  Germans  from  Pennsylvania,  was  formed 
about  the  year  1824.  Among  their  early  members  were  the 
Waltzes,  Condos,  Keplers,  and  others.  Meetings  were  for 
several  years  held  in  the  log  school-house.  Their  minister, 
Rev.  Gruber,  lived  in  Ohio,  but  came  over  at  stated  times  to 
preach  and  perform  other  pastoral  services.  Two  acres  of 
ground,  a  short  distance  north  of  town,  were  purchased  at 
$11  an  acre,  comprising  the  sites  of  the  present  house  of 
worehip,  parsonage,  and  cemetery.  The  meeting-house  was 
built  in  1833.  There  being  among  these  Pennsylvania  immi- 
grants members  of  the  German  Peformed  Church,  they 
joined  with  the  Lutherans  in  building  the  house,  and  called 
a  pastor  of  their  own,  S.  Zumpey.  The  ministers  preached 
alternately  to  the  united  congregation.  This  union  con- 
tinued but  a  few  years,  since  which  time  the  congregation 
has  been  solely  under  a  Lutheran  pastorate.  After  Mr. 
Gruber,  they  were  served  for  a  time  by  missionaries,  Henkel, 
Heinaka,  and  perhaps  others;  and  since  by  regular  pastors, 
beginning  with  Schultz,  who  was  succeeded  by  Eisency. 
They  preached  only  in  the  German  language.  Next,  Julius 
Stirewalt  and  Isaac  Hursh,  who  preached  in  German  and 
English  alternately.  M.  J.  Stirewalt,  the  present  minister, 
preaches  exclusively  in  English.  About  ten  years  ago,  the 
church  edifice  was  thoroughly  repaired,  and  a  gallery  at  one 
end,  a  steeple,  and  bell  were  added. 

Another  church,  called  Evangelical,  and  distinguished  more 
particularly  by  the  name  of  Albright,  was  organized  about  the 
year  1835,  and  built  a  meeting-house  about  1842.     Among  its 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  247 

early  members  were  Adam  Condo,  Charles  Kneclit  and  wdfe, 
Barbara,  wdfe  of  Jacob  Gipe,  John  Dill  and  wife,  Samuel 
Cochran,  Jacob  Kieman,  William  Clingenhagen  and  w^ife, 
Henry  Erkart  and  wife.  Early  ministers,  Absalom  B.  Shafer, 
Angenstein.     Present  minister  [1870],  James  Wales. 

Settlement  about  Cambridge. 

The  lands  at  and  in  the  vicinity  of  the  site  of  Cambridge 
City  were  settled  early.  John  Hawkins,  from  Kentucky,  a 
native  of  South  Carolina,  entered,  in  1813,  the  north-east 
quarter  of  section  27,  which  included  the  site  of  the  old 
town  of  Vandalia;  but  he  did  not  live  to  occupy  it.  The 
laud  descended  to  his  son,  William  Hawkins,  who  took  up 
the  fractional  quarter  west  of  it ;  the  two  quarters  embracing 
nearl}'  all  of  the  site  of  Cambridge.  Simon  Powell,  from 
Kentucky,  also  a  native  of  South  Carolina,  entered  the  quar- 
ter north  of  the  present  farm  of  General  Meredith,  extend- 
ing to  the  old  State  road.  He,  too,  died  without  settling  on  his 
purchase.  His  family  settled  on  it  in  1813  or  1814,  the  eldest 
son  having  nearly  attained  to  manhood.  Their  cabin  stood 
on  the  east  bank  of  the  river,  south  of  East  Cambridge. 
Jesse  Symonds,  iS'orth  Carolina,  bought  north  side  of  the 
State  road,  adjoining  Hawkins's,  but,  without  settling  on  it, 
sold  to  Josiah  Draper.  JSTathan  Symonds,  from  jN".  C,  settled 
north  of  and  adjoining  Jesse's,  and  afterward  sold  to  Wm. 
Conw^ell.  These  lands  are  now  owned  by  John  Callaway. 
Henry  Crull  settled  early  on  the  north  part,  and  George  Ish 
on  the  south  part  of  the  present  farm  of  Gen.  Solomon 
Meredith.  They  sold  to  Ira  Lackey,  who,  in  or  about  the 
year  1836,  built  the  house  (since  enlarged)  wliere  Meredith 
now"  resides.  Wm.  Hawkins  bought,  besides  the  lands 
already  mentioned,  the  land  w^here  his  son  I^athan  S.  resides, 
near  and  north-west  of  the  town.  Samuel  Charles,  from 
N".  C,  on  land  east  side  of  Hawkins's,  forming  a  part  of  the 

tract  north  side  of  town,  owned  by  John  Callaway. A'an- 

buskirk,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Alfred  B.  Williams,  and 
perhaps  the  lands  of  Henry  and  John  Ingerman  and  otliers. 
Henry   Palen,    from    IS".    C.,   on   land   now^   owned    by  John 


248  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Morris.     Palen  had  resided  a  short  time  7  miles  north  from 
Richmond. 

Josiah  Draper,  about  the  year  1820,  built,  north  side  of 
the  State  road,  a  Grist-mill  and  a  Saio-mill,  which  were  sold 
to  Benj.  Kirk,  who  built  the  grist-mill  below,  which  he  sold 
to  Wm.  Conwell,  who  added  a  saw-mill.  The  grist-mill  was 
sold  to  John  Cockerfair,  who  put  into  it  a  Carding  Machine 
and  other  machinery,  and  who  still  owns  the  grist-mill. 

The  Town  of  Vandalia  was  laid  out  by  Wm.  Hawkins,  sur- 
vey recorded  June  1,  1824.  Wm.  Conwell  opened  a  Store 
there  in  April,  1828,  and  Hudson  Cannon  about  1830,  who 
two  or  three  years  after  removed  to  Milton,  where  he  died. 
Benj.  Conklin,  who  had  been  from  the  beginning  a  clerk  of 
Conwell,  bought  the  store,  and  continued  business  there  until 
1838.  After  the  construction  of  the  National  road,  business 
was  attracted  to  the  line  of  that  road.  Ira  Lackey  opened 
the  first  Store  in  East  Cambridge  as  early  as  1835;  some  say 
1833  or  1834.  Others  soon  followed  him,  among  whom  were 
Elliott,  Hannah  &  Meredith,  and  J.  &  I.  Pennington ;  and  in 
1838  Benj.  Conklin  removed  his  store  from  Vandalia  to  the 
large  two-story  building  he  had  erected  for  a  store  and  dwell- 
ing, on  the  south  side  of  the  road,  a  short  distance  east  of 
the  bridge.  But  the  business  career  of  East  Cambridge, 
though  commenced  with  flattering  prospects,  was  of  short 
duration. 

Cambridge  City. 

This  town  was  laid  out  in  1836  ;  Ira  Lackey,  Sandford 
Lackey,  George  Graham,  Thomas  Tyner,  AVilliams  Petty, 
Wm.  Hawkins,  proprietors.  The  plat  was  recorded  Oct.  26, 
1836.  Several  additions  have  since  been  made  by  Wm.  Con- 
well, Wm.  Hawkins,  Thomas  Newby,  Jonathan  Hawkins, 
and  in  1867  by  Charles  H.  Moore  and  Benjamin  Fulghum. 

After  the  incorporation  of  the  town,  business  tended  rap- 
idly to  the  west  side  of  the  river.  Sanford  Lackey  opened 
t\\Q  first  store  in  the  new  town,  on  the  east  corner  of  the  block 
east  of  the  canal,  south  side  of  the  street,  in  the  present 
brick  building  erected  by  him  for  a  store.     He  afterward 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  249 

built  the  house  on  the  opposite  corner,  now  occupied  as  a 
hoteh 

Benj.  Conklin,  the  last  merchant  who  left  East  Cambridge, 
removed  to  the  building  then  owned  by  Wm.  Hawkins,  now 
occupied  by  Felix  Conklin  as  a  hardware  store.  About  the 
year  1845,  Post  &  Enyeart  built  the  "Mammoth  Store,"  and 
for  two  years  carried  on  an  extensive  wholesale  grocery 
trade.  The  Whitewater  Yalley  Canal,  which  was  completed 
in  1846,  contributed  vastly  to  the  trade  of  Cambridge  City. 
This  soon  became  the  central  point  of  trade  of  an  extensive 
territory.  It  was  the  grand  depot  for  the  produce  of  the 
country,  brought  here  for  shipment,  and  for  the  delivery  of 
merchandise.  The  merchants  of  Indianapolis  received  for 
a  time  their  goods  at  this  place.  Large  quantities  of  wheat 
were  floured  here.  The  present  brick  ilouring-mill,  then 
newly  built  by  Benj.  Conklin,  had  in  it,  at  one  time,  90,000 
bushels  of  wheat,  or  5,400,000  pounds. 

That  this  extraordinary  prosperity,  the  result,  in  great 
part,  of  a  peculiar  juncture  of  circumstances,  should  be  en- 
during, was  hardly  to  be  expected.  The  completion  of  the 
canal  to  Hagerstown,  and  the  construction  of  railroads,  have 
virtually  established  a  mart  of  trade  in  every  town,  and 
measurably  ri arrowed  the  sphere  of  the  trade  of  Cambridge; 
yet  this  being  the  converging  point  of  so  many  railroads, 
and  being  surrounded  by  a  fertile  country  and  a  wealthy 
population,  it  can  hardly  fail,  with  an  enterprising  popula- 
tion, to  maintain  a  large  and  prosperous  trade. 

Among  the  earlier  Merchants,  besides  those  already  men- 
tioned, were  Harvey  &  Newby,  Andrew  and  Frederick  John- 
sonbaugh,  "Williams  Petty,  John  Hosea,  Casper  Markle, 
Edgerton  &  Taylor,  Simon  Clackner,  Bloomfield  &  Petty. 

Present  merchants:  Dry  Goods — W.  S.  T.  Morton,  Adam 
Epply,  Ilyre  &  Shroyer,  C.  B.  Elliott,  Henry  Hoover,  Jack- 
son, Ayler  &  Knott.  Grocers — J.  P.  Smalley  &  Co.,  J.  W. 
Marson  &  Co.,  Israel  Morrey,  Frank  Ebbert,  J.  &  D.  Drischel, 
J.  T.  Baily,  Theodore  Frohnapel,  IT.  Carey  &  Son,  M.  C.  Jay, 
Robert  Griffin. 

In  1845,  the  first  Hardware  Store  in  Cambridge  City  was 
established  by  Kathan  H.  Paymond  and  his  son  Charles  H. 


250  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Ill  1855,  Edward,  brother  of  Charles,  became  a  partner — firm, 
C.  H.  &  E.  Eaymond ;  afterward,  E.  Raymond  &  Co.  until 
1867 ;  then,  C  U.  Eaymond  &  Co. ;  present  proprietors, 
Charles  U.  and  John  U.,  sons  of  Charles  H.  Eaymond.  A 
second  hardware  store  was  established  by  Henry  M.  Conklin 
in  1853  or  1854,  from  whom  the  establishment  passed,  in 
1859,  to  Felix  Conklin,  its  present  proprietor. 

The  tirst  Drug  Store,  it  is  said,  was  established  in  West 
Cambridge,  by  Thomas  D.  Whelan,  in  or  about  the  year 
1840.  It  is  also  said  that,  a  year  or  two  afterward,  Dr.  Sam- 
uel T.  Sharp  started  a  drug  store  east  of  the  river,  which 
"was  really  the  first  regular  drug  store."  After  his  death, 
his  store  was  sold  to  J.  Milton  Sanders,  which  was  kept  but 
a  few  weeks.  The  next  druggist  was  Leander  Hurd,  from 
Cincinnati.  He  and  his  wife  both  died  in  1847 ;  and  the 
stock  was  purchased  by  C.  H.  Hood,  who  kept  the  store  a 
year  or  more.  Before  Kurd's  death,  Dr.  J.  N.  Cowden 
opened  a  drug  store  on  the  west  side  of  the  river,  which, 
after  his  death  in  1849,  passed  into  the  hands  of  E"athan 
Raymond,  who  kept  it  until  1871,  when  it  was  purchased  by 
George  "W.  Shults,  Jun.  Present  Druggists — L.  S.  Tibbals, 
S.  P.  Hoshour,  James  McCaffrey,  Will  H.  Conover,  George 
W.  Shults,  Jun. 

Boot  and  Shoe  Stores  and  Manufacturers  in  Cambridge  City 
are  Gauze  &  Peters  and  J.  Mattis  &  Co.  Samuel  Ford,  boot 
and  shoe  maker. 

Saddlers  and  Harness-makers  are  Bradbury  &  Brother  and 
Hiram  Craig. 

Among  the  early  Physicians  in  Cambridge  City  were  Sam- 
uel T.  Sharp,  who  came  in  1837  or  1838,  and  died  there  in 
February,  1846 ;  and  Dr.  Nathan  Johnson,  who  came  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1839,  still  living  there,  but  too  infirm  to  practice.  Dr. 
Joel  Pennington,  who  had  settled  in  Milton,  in  1825,  came  to 
Cambridge  a  few  years  after  Dr.  Johnson,  and  remained 
about  two  years,  and  returned  to  Milton.  Dr.  James  V. 
Wayman  came  in  Oct.  1842 ;  John  H.  Wayman  in  1846, 
and  went  to  California  in  1851.  Dr.  John  Sim  came,  it  is 
supposed,  in  1847;  he  resides  there  now,  and  is  county  treas- 
urer.    He  was  a  major  in  the  36th  Indiana  regiment  in  the 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  251 

late  war,  and  was  wounded  at  Chickamaiiga.  The  present 
physicians  are  James  V.  Wayman,  Lemuel  R.  Johnson,  who 
began  practice  here  in  1855,  John  Wall,  William  Kissell,  AY- 
E.  Carnahan,  homoeopathist. 

Early  Lawyers  were  David  Macy,  in  1839  or  1840  ;  Ximrod 
H.Johnson,  1842,  for  several  years;  George  W.  Whitman, 
since  State  Controller  of  California;  and  David  W.  Reed. 
Present  lawyers,  Wm.  S.  Ballenger,  George  A.  Johnson,  La- 
fayette Develin,  James  H.  Stewart,  David  IST.  Berg,  Robert 
Fletcher. 

Cambridge  City  Bank  was  established  in  the  spring  of  1853, 
under  the  Free  Banking  Law,  with  a  capital  of  §100,000. 
John  Hunt  was  its  first  President,  but  was  succeeded,  after 
about  three  months,  by  Williams  Petty  ;  and  he,  a  few  months 
after,  by  John  jMarsh,  who  held  the  ofiice  until  its  close. 
John  W.  Burson  was  Cashier  from  its  commencement  until 
1856.  It  then  passed  into  the  hands  of  Isaac  Myers,  J.  D. 
Skean,  and  others  :  Isaac  Myers,  President;  Thomas  JSTewby, 
Cashier.  In  1862,  John  Callaway  became  President.  In  De- 
cember, 1863,  it  was  organized  under  the  National  Banking 
Law,  as  the  First  !N"ational  Bank  of  Cambridge  City,  with 
a  capital  of  $50,000,  which  has  since  been  increased  to 
$100,000.  Its  present  proprietors  are  John  Callaway  (Pres.), 
Thomas  Newby  (Cash.),  AYm.  Lemberger,  Jacob  Vore,  and 
Milton  Thornburg. 

The  Public  Hall  is  a  splendid  one,  surpassed  probably  by 
few  in  the  state  outside  of  Indianapolis.  It  is  to  the  citizens 
of  Cambridge  a  thing  of  great  convenience  and  utility,  and 
highly  creditable  to  its  proprietor,  Mr.  Joseph  Morrey.  It 
will  seat  600  people ;  is  lighted  with  gas,  has  dressing-rooms, 
drop  curtains,  and  scenery,  all  complete.  The  hall  is  40  feet 
wide  and  90  feet  long,  ceiling  26  feet  above  the  floor,  and  the 
stage  25  feet  deep ;  and  the  whole  is  beautifully  frescoed. 
The  hall  is  in  the  large  brick  block,  completed  by  Mr.  Morrey 
in  1868,  for  store-rooms  and  ofiices.  The  cost  of  the  build- 
ings is  about  $20,000. 

Cambridge  City  Car  Company,  for  the  building  of  railroad 
cars,  was  organized  in  1868,  and  chartered  under  a  general 
law  of  the  state  legislature,  with  a  capital  of  §100,000.     Its 


252  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

officers  were,  Wm.  Mercer,  president,  and  Wm.  Dunham, 
secretary  and  treasurer ;  George  L.  Thomas,  car  huihler. 
They  manufacture  freight  cars  only.  The  number  built 
yearly  is  about  500,  of  the  average  value  of  about  $700. 
Connected  with  the  establishment  is  a  foundnj,  in  which  the 
necessary  castings  are  made.  The  president  died  early  in 
1871.     [The  establishment  at  present  is  not  in  operation.] 

The  Cambridge  City  Manufacturing  Comjmny  had  its  origin 
in  the  manufacture  of  Adams'  Queen  Washer,  by  Caleb  M. 
and  James  Peelle,  in  August,  1867.  In  1869  they  were 
joined  by  Albert  W.  Fletcher  and  Edward  Peelle  [tirm,  C.  M. 
Peelle  &  Co.];  and  to  their  business  was  added  the  manu- 
facture of  sash,  doors,  and  blinds,  and  of  building  materials 
generally.  In  October,  1869,  they  obtained  a  charter  as  a 
joint  stock  company,  styled  the  Cambridge  City  Manufactur- 
ing Company,  with  a  capital  of  $35,000. 

The  Flax  Mill  of  Joseph  Morrey  is  an  important  manu- 
facturing establishment  in  Cambridge  City.  It  converts 
annually  about  500  tons  of  flax-straw  into  tow  for  the  manu- 
facture of  bagging ;  and  the  article  is  shipped  quite  exten- 
sively to  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  St,  Louis,  Mo.  This  establish- 
ment affords  steady  employment  to  about  20  hands. 

The  Marble  Works  in  Cambridge  were  established  in  1857, 
by  James  W.  Carpenter,  with  a  stock  of  $200  worth  of  un- 
wrought  marble,  bought  at  Indianapolis  wholly  on  credit. 
In  1863,  he  took  into  partnership  Thomas  C.  Vickrey,  now 
of  Richmond, who  retired  from  the  concern  after  two  years; 
since  which  time  Mr.  Carpenter  has  continued  the  business 
alone.  About  two  years  ago  he  began  to  import  the  Scotch 
granite.  This  business  has  been  constantly  increasing,  and 
now  extends  to  several  of  the  "Western  states,  and  forms  the 
most  important  part  of  his  trade.  The  monuments  are  all 
manufactured  in  Scotland  to  order;  and  as  Mr.  C.  is  himself 
a  partner  in  the  manufacture  in  that  country,  where  he  has 
recently  been  to  efi'ect  the  arrangement,  he  is  enabled  to  sup- 
ply orders  at  lower  prices  than  are  charged  at  other  estab- 
lishments in  the  West.  His  sales,  during  the  first  year, 
amounted  to  about  $500  ;  the  last  year,  $100,000.  Several  of 
the  imported  monuments  were  sold  for  $2,500  each. 


JACKSON   TOWNSHIP.  253 

The  Flower  and  Plant  Nursery  iu  the  west  part  of  the  town 
has  been  established  aud  matured  by  Joseph  W.  Vestal,  who, 
in  1855,  commenced  vegetable  and  truck  farming.  In  1860, 
he  commenced  the  green-house  cultivation  of  flowers,  and  made 
about  300  square  feet  of  glass  covering,  to  which  he  has  an- 
nually made  additions,  until  he  now  covers  nearly  10,000  feet 
with  glass,  and  cultivates  about  3,000  varieties.  His  plants 
are  sold  into  nearly  every  state  in  the  Union  east  of  the 
Rocky  Mountains.  His  business  during  most  of  the  year  is 
the  supplying  of  nurserymen,  florists,  and  dealers  with  stock 
for  retailing,  or  with  new  phmts  from  which  to  propagate 
stock.  He  also  deals  in  sweet  potato  and  other  early  plants. 
Plants  and  flowers  are  sold  by  retail  to  customers  from  sev- 
eral townships  of  the  county.  Sales  amount  annually  to 
about  §8,000  to  $10,000. 

Schools. — An  Academical  School  was  established  in  Cam- 
bridge by  Prof.  Samuel  K.  Hoshour,  who  came  to  this  place 
in  1839,  from  Centerville,  where  he  had  acquired  a  high  rep- 
utation as  teacher  and  principal  of  the  Wayne  County  Sem- 
inary. The  Academy  building  was  on  the  east  side  of  the 
river.  Prof.  Iloshour  continued  his  school  for  about  seven 
years,  when  the  building  was  destroyed  by  fire  and  the  school 
discontinued. 

The  new  Public  School  House,  which  stands  in  the  east  part 
of  AYest  Cambridge,  is  a  fine  building,  equaled  in  size  and 
the  style  of  its  architecture  by  few  in  the  county.  The  town 
is  consolidated  into  a  single  district;  and  the  course  of  in- 
struction embraces  all  the  branches  of  study,  from  primary 
to  academical. 

Religious  Societies. —  The  Presbyterian  Church  of  31iUon 
and  Cambridge  was  formed  at  Milton,  August  1-4,  1837,  by 
Rev.  Messrs.  Graham  and  John  A.  Meeks,  appointed  by  Ox- 
ford Presbytery.  Its  first  members  were,  Samuel,  Margaret, 
and  Alex.  Brand,  Julia  Ann  Walker,  John  Lincoln,  George 
W.,  Catliarine,  and  Susannah  Snyder,  Henry  Shull,  David  T. 
and  Isabella  Ilileman,  and  Alenor  Allen.  Henry  Shull,  Da- 
vid T.  Ilileman,  Samuel  Brand,  and  George  W.  Snyder  were 
chosen  elders.  Meetings  were  held  for  two  years  at  !Milton, 
after  which  the  place  of  meeting  was  changed  to  Cambridge, 


254  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

where,  for  many  years,  only  occasional  preaching  was  hiicl; 
and  meetings  were  held  in  the  churches  of  other  societies  and 
in  school-houses.  In  1853  the  name  of  the  Presbytery  was 
changed  to  Whitewater;  and  the  same  year  the  name  of  the 
church  was  changed  to  Presbyterian  Church  of  Cambridge  City. 
The  present  house  of  worship  was  built  in  1858,  on  the  corner 
of  Railroad  and  Green  streets,  on  a  lot  given  to  the  society 
by  Charles  H.  and  I^athan  Raymond.  Since  the  first  election 
of  elders,  Nathan  H.  Raymond  was  chosen  to  that  ofiice, 
June  21,  1846;  Henry  B.  Dinwiddle,  January,  1847;  Edward 
Raymond,  1852.     Nam.es  of  ministers  who  have  supplied  the 

congregation  are  the  following  : commenced  his 

labors  in  1847,  and  served  two  years  ;  J.  J.  Scott,  1852,  one 
year ;  Isaac  W.  Monfort,  1854,  three  years,  one-fourtli  of  the 
time ;  1857,  A.  McFarland,  one-half  of  the  time ;  H.  M.  Shock- 
ley,  pastor,  1859  to  1861.  Rev.  Mr.  Patton,  late  minister.  The 
present  one  not  ascertained. 

The  Congregation  of  the  Christian  Church  in  Cambridge  City 
was  organized  E'ovember  12,  1839,  (?)  byvProf.  Samuel  K. 
Hoshour.  Joel  Collins  and  Mr.  Hoshour  were  chosen  elders  ; 
John  Crum^  and  Ebenezer  Finney,  deacons.  The  number  of 
members  was  about  thirty,  among  whom  were  the  following  : 
Corbin  Jackson,  Samuel  K.  Hoshour,  Moses  Powell,  Benj. 
Berry,  Evan  Young,  Levi  Lakey,  David  Crull,  and  Joel 
Collins,  with  their  wives,  John  Crum^,  and  Ebenezer  W. 
Finney.  Also,  Jacob  H.  Jessup  and  Joel  Pennington  and 
their  wives,  were  early  members.  June  9, 1858,  Ebenezer  W. 
Finney,  Thomas  Newby,  and  David  Crull  were  chosen  trus- 
tees of  the  society.  Their  first  preacher  was  Rev.  Samuel  K. 
Hoshour,  who  served  the  church  for  many  years.  John  Kin- 
ney came  in  1864.  Preachers  since,  D.  R.  Van  Buskirk,  John 
Marshall,  Frank  W.  Parker,  Wm.  Griggsby,  and Thomp- 
son, the  present  pastor.  Meetings  were  held  several  j^ears 
in  the  Seminary  building,  Avhich  was  afterward  destroyed 
by  fire.     The  society  has  since  built  a  house  of  worship. 

A  Baptist  Church  was  formed  about  the  year  1835,  of  whose 
history  little  has  been  learned.  It,  however,  maintained  a 
rather  feeble  existence  until  1859,  when  it  was  superseded  by 
a  new  organization,  as  stated  below  : 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  255 

At  an  adjourned  meeting  lield  in  tlie  Metliodist  meeting- 
house in  Cambridge,  February  2,  1859,  a  new  Baptist  organi- 
zation was  completed.  Ministers  present  on  the  occasion, 
M.  G.  Clark,  of  Indianapolis,  M.  Hazen,  of  Posey,  and  J.  B. 
Simmons.  Among  the  members  at  the  time  of  the  organi- 
zation were  Samuel  Hervey,  Ilarvey  Clark,  Wilson  Jackson, 
Avery  Gates,  John  Marson,  John  Christian,  Edward  "Webb, 
and  their  wives,  Mary  Hervey,  Sarah  Scott,  Sarah  Heritage, 
Minerva  Williams.  Avery  Gates  and  John  Marson  were 
chosen  deacons;  Edward  Webb,  clerk;  Wilson  Jackson, 
treasurer.  The  first  pastor  commenced  his  labors  in  Decem- 
ber, 1859 ;  Caleb  Blood,  December,  1860 ;  and  after  an  occa- 
sional supply  of  the  pulpit  by  Samuel  Hervey,  A.  S.  Ames 
came  in  May,  1866,  and  served  two  years;  J.  B.  Sharp,  June, 
1868;  Henr}'  B.  Rupe,  1869,  one  year;  Joseph  H.  Sedgwick, 
March,  1870,  was  called  and  declined. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  in  Cambridge  is  supposed 
to  have  been  organized  soon  after  the  town  west  of  the  river 
was  laid  out,  or  about  the  year  1837.  But  as  no  records  of 
a  date  anterior  to  1847,  or  about  that  year,  have  been  found, 
its  early  history  can  not  be  given  trom  a  church  record.  Xor, 
after  much  inquiry,  has  an  early  settler  been  found,  who 
could  give  any  reliable  information  respecting  the  formation 
of  the  society. 

Lodges. — Cambridge  City  Lodge,  No.  5,  Free  and  Accepted 
Masons,  was  chartered  May  28,  1844.  Charter  members: 
A.  Goodenough,  W.  M. ;  J.  Fisher,  S.  W. ;  Thomas  Hutton, 
Sen.  Ofhcers  elect  the  present  year  :  IST.  R.  Bennett,  W.  Isi. ; 
Kos  Whelan,  S.  AY.;  F.  Swiggett,  J.  W.  dumber  of  mem- 
bers, about  150. 

A  new  Lodge,  the  Thomas  Newby  Lodge,  No.  434,  com- 
menced work  under  a  new  charter,  dated  May  25,  1871. 
Officers :  Levin  Swiggett,  W.  M. ;  D.  ]^.  Berg,  S.  W. ;  I.  N. 
Drury,  J.  W. 

Royal  Arch  Chapter,  No.  9, 1848,  James  Whitcomb,  G.  H.  V. 
Officers:  S.  Reed,  H.  P.;  J.  W.  Maxwell,  K. ;  T.  Owen; 
E.  S.  Hoser,  C.  H. ;  W.  ^Y.  Tyler,  P.  S. ;  E.  Barrow,  R.  A. 
C. ;  S.  McCain,  M.  3d  V. ;  J.  W.  Wolf,  M.  2d  V. ;  E.  S.  Wig- 
gins, M.  1st  V. ;  C.  H.  Raymond,  Secretary. 


256  HISTORY   OP   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

The  above  charter  was  surrendered  December  29,  1852 ; 
and  the  Chapter  rechartered  IS'ovember  20,  1855,  on  petition 
signed  by  the  following  named  Royal  Arch  Masons:  H.  B. 
Sinks,  J.  Pennington,  J.  Marsh,  E.  South  wick,  E.  B.  New- 
man, W.  B.  Enyeart,  M.  D.  Leeson,  John  Callaway,  A.  B. 
Claypool,  I.  N".  Beard,  C.  H.  Raymond,  Williams  Petty. 
Officers  for  the  year  1871 :  W.  B.  Enyeart,  M.  E.  H.  Priest ; 
James  McCaffrey,  King;  Nathan  Jones,  Scribe;  D.  A.  Berg, 
P.  S. ;  M.  H.  Franklin,  R.  A.  C. ;  M.  C.  Roberts,  M.  3d  V. ; 
G.  W.  Shults,  Jun.,  M.  2d  Y. ;  C.  McCoy,  M.  1st  V. ;  Kos 
Whelan,  Secretary. 

ConnersviUe  Commandery  of  Knights  Templars,  No.  6,  was 
chartered  December  27, 1855.  Charter  members:  Wm.  Peelan, 
Eminent  Commander;  Martin  Fryberger,  Generalissimo; 
Joshua  Leach,  Captain  General.  The  Commandery  was 
removed  to  Cambridge  City,  April,  1868,  and  the  name 
changed  to 

Cambridge  Coynmandery ,  at  a  meeting  of  the  Grand  Com- 
mandery, in  April,  1868.  Officers  for  1871  :  Levin  Swiggett, 
Eminent  Commander ;  R.  A.  Patterson,  Generalissimo ;  O. 
H.  P.  Little,  Captain  General. 

Cambridge  Council  of  F.  and  A.  Masons. — Officers:  N.  R. 
Bennett,  Thrice  111.  Gr.  Master  ;  Frank  Swiggett,  Dep.  Thrice 
111.  Gr,  Master  ;  Silas  Cantield,  Prin.  Conductor  of  the  Work. 

Wayne  Lodge,  No.  17,  1.  0.  0.  F.,  instituted  at  Cambridge 
City,  Oct.  14,  1844.  Charter  members — Aaron  Reisor,  Casper 
Markle,  J.  M.  Hiatt,  David  G.  Kern,  Charles  J.  Graham,  J. 
Price,  E.  P.  Justice,  Robert  Gordon,  Chris.  Taylor,  Jun.,  0.  T. 
Crider.  First  officers — Aaron  Reisor,  N.  G. ;  E.  P.  Justice,  V. 
G. ;  Casper  Markle,  Treas. ;  J.  M.  Hiatt,  Sec'y-  Present  offi- 
cers— Robert  L.  Ramsey,  IST.  G. ;  Frank  G.  Epply,  V.  G. ; 
Israel  Morrey,  Treas.;  E.  L.  Spencer,  Sec'y. 

Hormah  Encampment,  No.  11,  instituted  at  Cambridge  City, 
July  14,  1848.  Charter  members — P.  G.  K.  Richards,  Casper 
Markle,  James  Hughes,  John  F.  Youse,  Francis  Hills,  George 
M.  Dipboye,  James  Y.  Wayraan.  First  officers — P.  G.  K. 
Richards,  C.  P. ;  John  F.  Youse,  H.  P. ;  Casper  Markle,  S. 
W. ;  Francis  Wills,  Scribe;  G.  M.  Dipboye,  Treas.;  James 
Hughes,  J.  W.     Present  officers — E.  L.  Spencer,  C.  P. ;  James 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  257 

Griffith,  H.  P. ;  John  Adams,  S.  ^Y. ;  Nathaniel  Gary,  Treas. ; 
Richard  A.  Taylor,  Scribe;  W.  E.  Carnahan,  J.  AY. 

Cambridge  Lodge,  No.  9,  Knights  of  Pythias.  Instituted  at 
Cambridge  City,  August  17,  1870.  Charter  members — O.  II. 
P.  Little,  N.  R.  Bennett,  Max  Pracht,  D.  A.  Smalley,  Robert 
L.  Ramsey,  E.  L.  Spencer,  R.  A.  Taylor,  S.  B.  Elliott,  Lee 
Pittrnan,  ^Y.  B.  Mclvenna,  W.  B.  Enyeart,  R.  L.  Kevil,  J.  F. 
Huber,  Jesse  Pofi",  Frank  Mosbaugh,  Gusta  Britton,  J.  Bobb, 
Henry  C.  Meredith,  Casper  Little,  Geo.  O.  Doll,  Alfred  Cox, 
George  L.  Weast,  Frank  G.  Epply,  R.  C.  Wilson,  James  Bow- 
stead,  AY.  B.  Williams,  J.  M.  Wisengarber,  W.  E.  Carnahan, 
M.  B.,  Mike  Rink,  Frank  Stobaugh,  J.  V.  Richardson,  Louis 
Wingate.  First  officers— 0.  H.  P.  Little,  V.  P. ;  N.  R.  Bennett, 
W.  C.;  Max  Pracht,  V.  C;  D.  A.  Smalley,  R.  &  C.  8.;  Robert 
L.  Ramsey,  F.  S. ;  E.  L.  Spencer,  B.;  R.  A.  Taylor,  G. ;  S.  B. 
Elliott,  J.  S. ;  Lee  Pittrnan,  0.  S.  and  Host.  Finance  committee — 
J.  Y.  Richardson,  R.  A.  Taylor,  F.  G.  Epply.  Trustees— ^i. 
\ .  Richardson,  F.  G.  Epply,  H.  C.  Meredith.  Present  officers — 
Frank  G.  Epply,' W.  C;  John  M.  Ray,  Y.  C. ;  R.  A.  Taylor, 
Y.  P.;  James  W.  Richardson,  R.  &  C.  S. ;  E.  C.  Collins,  F.  S. ; 
Israel  Morrey,  B. ;  Frank  Stobaugh,  G. ;  R.  L.  Kevil,  J.  S. ; 
Lee  Pittrnan,  0.  S.  and  Host.  Trustees— 0.  H.  P.  Little,  R.  L. 
Kevil,  Israel  Morrey. 

Neiosjja^^ers. 

[The  following  historical  sketch  of  the  newspapers  of  Cam- 
bridge City  was  prepared  too  late  for  insertion  in  the  history 
of  the  newspaper  press  of  the  county  in  preceding  pages.] 

In  the  summer  of  1845,  James  H.  Hunt,  who  had  published 
a  paper  at  Greenfield,  Hancock  Co.,  Ind.,  removed  his  office 
to  Cambridge  and  started  the  Cambridge  City  BereiUc,  which  he 
continued  until  1850;  after  which,  it  was  published  about  a 
year  by  Robert  O.  Dormer.  After  a  short  suspension,  it  was 
revived  by  Mr.  Hunt  and  his  brother  Jonathan  II.  Hunt,  and 
after  a  few  months  removed  to  Portland,  Jay  Co.  The  editor 
[Hunt]  having,  on  his  death  bed,  directed  it  to  be  removed  to 
a  warehouse,  the  person  employed  dumped  the  types  promis- 
cuously into  a  dry  goods  box.  The  Reveille  was  Whig  in 
politics. 

In  1850,  Wm.  and  Charles  Daily  removed  the  Chronicle 
19 


258  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

press  and  types  from  Connersville  to  Cambridge  City,  and  pub- 
lished the  Cambridge  City  News,  a  Democratic  paper,  during 
the  years  1850  and  1851.  During  the  two  succeeding  years, 
it  was  published  by  Lafayette  Develin;  in  which  time  the 
earlier  poems  of  Louisa  Chitwood,  then,  and  until  her  death,  a 
poet  of  rare  promise,  made  their  lirst  appearance  in  its 
columns. 

In  1852,  Whelan  &  Pritchard,  having  purchased  the  office  of 
the  Western  Reformer  at  Milton,  removed  it  to  Cambridge, 
and  used  it  for  some  time  as  a  job  office.  Wheeler  &  Ryder 
then  started  the  Cambridge  City  Item,  edited  by  Samuel  K. 
Hoshour,  whose  name  appeared  at  the  head  of  the  paper  as 
"Conductor,"  along  with  that  of  Kos  Whelan  as  "Engineer," 
and  that  of  N.  W.  Carey  as  "Pugilist." 

After  a  few  months,  by  arrangement  with  Develin,  the  two 
papers  were  united,  under  the  name  of  Cambridge  City  News 
and  City  Item,  neutral  in  politics.  After  it  had  been  published 
nearly  a  year,  Whelan,  Buckingham,  and  "Waltz,  in  1855,  pub- 
lished the  Daily  Item,  a  small  sheet,  foolscap  size,  devoted  to 
news,  fun,  and  gossip,  which  survived  only  a  few  months.  The 
office  was  then  sold  to  R.  J.  Strickland,  who  removed  it  to 
Centerville.  A  part  of  the  material  is  said  to  be  still  used  in 
the  office  of  the  Radical  in  Richmond. 

In  the  autumn  of  1856,  George  B.  Seig  established  the  Cam- 
bridge City  Bulletin,  a  weekly  Republican  paper,  and  published 
it  for  two  years.  It  was  then  published  for  one  year  by  Kos- 
ciusko Whelan.  In  1860,  the  establishment  was  purchased 
by  Whelan,  Kellar,  and  Leib,  who  started  a  new  Republican 
paper,  named  "  The  Flag  of  the  Free."  On  the  breaking  out 
of  the  war,  nearly  all  the  employes  went  into  the  army,  and 
the  paper  stopped.  The  office  was  sold,  and,  after  passing 
through  several  hands,  the  press  and  types  were  taken  to 
Little  Rock,  Arkansas. 

In  1864,  R.  J.  Strickland  removed  the  establishment  of  the 
Wayne  County  Chronicle  to  Cambridge  City,  and  issued  the 
Cambridge  City  Journal,  a  Republican  paper,  for  a  year  or 
longer.  The  office  was  then  sold  to  John  C.  Lutz  and  Lafay- 
ette Develin j  who  issued,  Jan.  8,  1866,  the  lirst  number  of  a 
Democratic  paper,  named  Western  Mirror.     This  had  a  larger 


JACKSON   TOWNSHIP.  259 

circulation  than  any  paper  previously  published  here.  Mr. 
Lutz  died  March  15,  1868,  and  the  paper  was  conducted  by 
Mr.  Develin  until  May  13, 1869,  when  the  office  was  purchased 
by  Henry  C.  Meredith,  who  that  day  commenced  the  Combriclge 
City  Tribune,  a  Republican  paper,  which  is  still  published  there. 
From  June  to  August,  1870,  W.  D.  Haley  was  associated  with 
Mr.  Meredith;  and  since  Dec.  22,  1870,  ^Y.  P.  Harding  has 
been  associate  editor  and  proprietor.  The  paper  has  a  large 
circulation. 

Soon  after  the  sale  of  the  Mirror  to  Meredith,  L.  L.  Dale,  of 
Newcastle,  removed  his  paper,  the  Democratic  Times,  to  Cam- 
bridge City,  where  it  was  issued  some  eight  or  nine  months, 
when  he  returned  to  is'ewcastle. 

After  Mr.  Dale's  departure,  T.  G.  McCaulay,  of  West  Salem, 
Ohio,  published  the  Cambridge  City  Chieftain,  a  Democratic 
paper,  which,  however,  after  a  few  weeks,  was  discontinued. 

In  the  south-west  ixirt  of  Jackson  township  were  the  fol- 
lowing named  earlj-  settlers — though  not  all  of  them  the 
first — on  the  lands  on  wliich  they  respectively  settled:  Aaron 
Morris,  in  1822,  settled  \^  miles  south-east  of  Dublin,  on  land 
now  owned  by  Eli  Henby.  John  Morris,  his  son,  on  land 
adjoining,  west,  now  owned  by  his  sons  Eli  and  Thomas  B. 
Morris.  In  1829,  Samuel  Morris,  also  a  son  of  Aaron,  north- 
west of  his  father's,  where  he  still  resides.  Gideon  Myers, 
where  Michael  Myers  lives.  Levi  Hopper,  perhaps  the  first, 
on  land  now  owned  by  Joseph  Gray,  Jun.  AVm.  Kersey,  on 
land  lately  owned  by  J.  W.  Wilson,  now  by  Michael  flyers, 
^  mile  west  of  where  the  latter  resides.  Francis  Hestor, 
where  Wm.  Adair  lives.  John  Cook,  afterward  Richard 
Gordon,  where  Robert  Parker  lives.  Joseph  IS'ewton,  on  the 
present  farm  of  Joseph  M.  Cox.  Daniel  Mills,  later  John 
Hiatt,  on  the  farm  now  and  for  many  years  owned  by  Joseph 
Cox,  at  the  extraordinary  age  of  93.  Benj.  Reynolds,  south- 
west corner  of  the  township;  land  now  owned  by  Josiah  T. 
White,  lately  by  Thomas  Gronendyke,  now  by  Nathan  Mor- 
ris. Wm.  Butler,  from  Va.,  settled  south-west  of  Dublin,  on 
land  now  owned  by  Joseph  Thoms,  who  resides  Avest  of  the 
county  line.  James  Griflin,  where  Robert  S.  Pre  flow  lives, 
near  town.      Benj.  Griflin,  where  Samuel  Sivey  lives ;,  la^nd 


260  HISTORY   OF  WAYNE  COUNTY. 

adjoining  town.  Joseph  Newby,  from  E".  C,  where  Jacob 
Vore  resides,  west  side  of  the  town.  Josiah  Bell,  from  N.  C, 
came  with  his  father,  John  Bell,  who  settled  a  mile  south 
from  Cambridge.  Josiah  afterward  settled  near  Dublin, 
where  he  still  resides.  Thomas  and  Alexander  McGreer 
were  the  first  owners  of  the  land  where  Dublin  stands; 
Thomas,  of  the  north  part,  and  Alexander  of  the  south  part, 
including  the  farm  lately  owned  by  Bennet  Cox,  now  by 
Daniel  Stanton.  Hugh  McGreer,  a  brother  of  Thomas  and 
Alexander,  bought  north  of  and  adjoining  the  town.  Paul 
Custar  settled  early  near  the  east  end  of  Dublin,  and  kept  a 
tavern  about  the  j^ear  1823,  in  a  hewed  log  house,  sign  of  the 
"  Black  Horse." 

In  the  west  part  of  the  township,  north  of  the  old  State  road, 
most  of  the  early  settlers  were  the  following :  John  Hough, 
where  John  Bond  lives.  Hugh  Allen  where  Charles  Hood 
now  owns.  John  Elliott,  from  IS".  C,  on  the  lands  now  owned 
by  Henry  Binkley,  and  others.  Isaac  Miller,  on  land  now 
owned  by  Moses  Myers.  Jehu  Burkett,  where  now  Charles 
T.  Gough  lives.  Jacob  Elliott,  from  N.  C,  where  Exum 
Elliott  and  Harrison  Cook  live.  Benj.  Beecham,  from  'N.  C, 
on  land  now  owned  by  Thomas  Hammond.  David  Sh idler, 
where  he  still  resides.  !N^athan  Jessup,  on  land  now  owned 
by  Harrison  Cook. 

David  Caylor  was  probably  the  first  settler  where  Kudolf 
Ellenberger  lives,  on  the  township  north  line.  John  Dill  on 
laud  now  owned  by  J.  S.  Dill's  heirs.  John  M.  Lawson, 
part  of  section  16,  probably  bought  of  the  township.  David 
Burkett,  from  N".  C,  where  he  still  resides,  at  the  age  of  88 
years.  Thomas  Bennett,  probably  the  first,  where  he  now 
lives.  Amos  Humberd,  from  N.  C,  on  land  of  which  Wm. 
Mason  owns  a  part ;  also,  John  Bitter  and  Solomon  Bow- 
man, heirs  of  Humberd.  Henry  Bitter,  on  land  now  owned 
by  Jacob  Bitter.  David  Johnsonbaugh  was  an  early  settler 
where  Isaiah  Howard  owns.  Jacob  Moore,  where  l!^athan 
Stonecipher  afterward  owned.  Stonecipher  settled  where 
John  Bitter  lives.  Adam  Shaffer  has  lived  for  30  years 
where  he  now  is.  David  Berg,  from  Pa.  in  1829,  settled 
where  Israel  Hardman  lives.     Samuel  Heiny,  from  Pa.,  set- 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  261 

tied  on  section  9;  land  now  owned  by  Abraham  ITeiny;  also 
owned  where  Abraham  Heiny  lives. 

Along  the  valley  of  the  river,  and  east  of  it,  north  of  Cam- 
bridge, were  the  following:     Benj.  Bowman,  where  David 

Keller  lives.     Jacob  ,  on   land   now  owned  by  T.  Ivep- 

linger.  Gabriel  Newby,  lands  now  owned  by  George  Rare- 
sheid  and  one  or  two  others.  John  Xewby,  from  IT.  C,  where 
his  widow  lives.  Caleb  Morris,  on  the  land  now  owned  in 
part  by  Caleb  J.  Morris,  and  a  part  lately  owned  by  Henry 
E.  Peelle.  Abraham  Miller,  where  A.  D.  Bond's  heirs  live. 
Jonathan  Morris,  on  land  now  owned  by  his  son  Elias  Morris, 
who  resides  in  Cambridge.  Samnel  Hepley,  where  Abraliam 
Copeland  owns.  Manasseh  Myers,  west  side  of  the  river, 
on  land  taken  up  by  Amos  Humberd,  now  owned  by  George 
White.  Martin  Myers,  east  side,  settled  early  where  he  now 
lives.  Moses  Myers  settled  where  Adam  Bertsh  owns.  Jacob 
Heiny,  where  he  now  lives.  Iliel  Erwin,  a  part  of  section  2, 
on  which  Heil  and  L.  Erwin  live. 

Along  the  N^ational  and  old  State  roads,  Avere  the  follow- 
ing:  Hugh  Allen  settled  early  on  township  west  line,  on 
land  lately  owned  by  L.  L.  Lawrence,  now  b}^  Charles  Hood. 
John  Hongh,  where  John  Bond  lives.  Samuel  Cripe,  on  the 
quarter  now  owned  by  John  and  Lindlc}-  Miles  and  AYm. 
Shatter.  John  and  Wm.  Addison,  on  land  now  owned  chiefly 
by  Charles  T.  Hough  and  Jacob  White.  John  Burkett,  of 
Ohio,  south  of  the  State  road,  where  Rudolf  Burkett  lives. 
David  Cochran  (perhaps  not  first)  where  John  Huddleston 
resides. 

The  first  School  in  the  west  part  of  the  township  is  said  to 
have  been  kept  in  a  log  house,  half  a  mile  from  Dublin,  on 
the  State  road. 

John  Stump  (1815)  was  one  of  the  earVie^t  Blacks)!) if hs  in 
the  township. 

The  Relirjioas  Societies  outside  of  the  towns  are  the  fol- 
lowing : 

A  church,  knoAvn  as  the  Albright  Church,  somewhat  simi- 
lar in  faith  and  polity  to  the  United  Brethren  and  the  .Meth- 
odists, was  formed  in  or  about  the  year  1832,  2  miles  north 
of  Dublin.     Daniel  Hart,  John  M.  Lawson,  John  Dill,  Jacob 


262  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

and  Samuel  Dickover,  John  Richwine,  James  Iliff,  and  tlieir 
wives,  were  early  members.  Tlieir  first  preaclier  was  Burnett 
Fryar,  who  formed  the  class. 

The  Friends  [Orthodox]  formed  the  Bethel  Ifeeting,  about 
the  year  1823,  a  mile  south  of  Dublin.  Another  Bethel 
Meeting  was  formed  by  the  other  branch  ot  the  Friends 
[Hicksites],  whose  meeting-house  is  near  and  on  the  south 
side  of  the  town. 

A  United  Brethren  Church  has  just  been  organized,  and 
built  a  house  about  3  miles  north  of  Cambridge  City. 

Toivn  of  Dublin. 

The  town  of  Dublin  was  laid  out  by  Harmon  Davis.  The 
original  plat,  made  out  ami  signed  by  him  as  proprietor,  was 
recorded  Jan.  29,  1830.  Additions  have  since  been  made  as 
follows:  First,  by  Robert  Murphy  and  Eli  Brown,  trustees 
for  Dempsey  Boswell  &  Sons ;  in  1846,  by  Albertsoii  Chap- 
pell,  Abraham  Symonds,  Jacob  Custer,  Beiij.  Griffin,  John 
Whippo,  J.  P.  Creager,  Caleb  W.  Witt,  Win.  McKimmey ; 
in  1837,  by  C.  AV.  Wht;  in  1838,  by  Samuel  Schoolfield;  in 
1868  by  Samuel  Pierce  and  Mark  H.  Perkins.  When  the 
town  was  first  laid  out,  there  was  not  a  building  on  the 
ground.  The  first  house  was  a  log  house  built  by  Isaac 
King,  on  what  is  known  as  Cook's  corner. 

Of  the  early  Merchants,  the  first  three  came  the  same  year 
[1831].  The  first,  it  is  believed,  was  Samuel  Nixon,  who  had 
bought  the  goods  of  Dempsey  Boswell,  who,  as  has  been 
stated,  had  a  store  near  town  on  the  State  road.  The  next 
was  Thomas  Owens,  from  Richmond,  who  had  been  in  trade 
there,  and  who  bought  the  little  store  building  of  Boswell, 
and  moved  it  into  town,  on  the  lot  now  occupied  by  J.  Brad- 
way  as  a  stove  store.  He  was  compelled,  from  ill  health,  to 
quit  in  a  few  months ;  returned  to  Richmond,  and  died  soon 
after.  In  December,  Jacob  Vore  commenced  his  long  mer- 
cantile career  in  Dublin.  Nixon  soon  sold  out  to  Boswell  & 
Sons,  who  traded  but  a  short  time.  Among  the  later  mer- 
chants were  James  Yanuxem  &  Son,  Benj.  and  Josiali  Rey- 
nolds, E.  H.  Vanuxem,  J.  &  B.  Kirk,  John  Lebrick.  Present 
merchants  :      Dry  Goods — Dillon  &  Hill,  Jesse  Hiatt  &   Son, 


JACKSON     TOWNSHIP.  263 

Thomas  J.  Layman,  Joliii  G.  Carmony,  Jacob  V.  Ilotfman. 
Grocers— Jacob  &  Wm.  H.  Vorc,  W.  II.  Kenworthy.  Hard- 
ware—J.  H.  Hull.  I)ru[/(jists—Dv.  John  M.  Boll,  Ilottendorf 
&  Hale. 

Tlie  Q.rst  Physician  in  the  town  was  John  Beatty,  in  1831  or 
1832,  afterward  [1834]  Caleb  W.  Witt,  and  about  the  same 
time,  Lazarus  E.  Jones,  and  later,  James  Elder,  Dr.  Farns- 
wortli,  John  M.  Bell,  John  W.  Smith,  and  others.  Present 
physicians:  John  M.  Bell,  Samuel  S.  Boyd,  Aurelius  P. 
Taylor,  Livingston  B.  Taylor,  John  W.  Smith,  and,  it  is  be- 
lieved, another,  whose  name  is  not  furnished. 

The  first  Taxern  in  Dublin  was  kept  by  Samuel  Schoolfield, 
from  Va.,  his  sign  bearing  the  motto :  "  Our  country,  right 
or  wrong." 

A  School — perhaps  not  the  first  in  town — was  early  taught 
by  Mary  Schoolfield,  now  Mrs.  Dr.  John  M.  Bell. 

A  Female  Seminary  was  established  in  1835,  by  Caleb  AV. 
Witt,  John  Whippo,  and  Jonathan  P.  Creager ;  and  Sarah 
Dickinson  was  employed  as  principal  teacher  for  several 
years. 

The  Dublin  Academy  was  established  in  1837,  by  a  joint 
stock  companj".  The  building  was  afterward  occupied  as  a 
public  school-house.  In  1867  it  was  taken  down,  and  the 
present  house  built,  which  was  dedicated  January  1,  1868. 
Its  cost  was  about  §15,000.     Scholars  enrolled,  about  450. 

Among  the  eavly  Mechanics  of  Dublin  were,  John  Crill,  the 
first  blacksmith,  in  1831.  Early  carpenters,  Pobert  Way, 
Charles  Morgan,  Albertson  Chappel,  Axum  Elliott.  Ansclni 
Butler  came  in  1834,  a  wagon-maker  ;  is  now  a  pump-maker. 
The  present  carriage-maker  is  Samuel  P.  Ilerrington.  Har- 
ness-maker, Oliver  Gilbert.  The  first  cabinet-makers  in 
Dublin  are  said  to  have  been  Peck  &  Matthews,  as  early  as 
1829,  who  sold  to  Eli  Pittman.  Thomas  Allen  commenced 
business  in  1832.  Jesse  Pike,  who  came  that  year,  worked 
for  him,  and  afterward  started  for  himself,  and  still  continues 
the  business,  l^ike  married  a  daughter  of  Samuel  Sehool- 
field. 

William  B.  Reed,  a  blacksmith,  came  from  Ohio  to  J)ub- 
lin,  in  1838,  where  he  has    carried    on  the    business  to  the 


264  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

present  time,  excepting  an  absence  of  four  jeavs,  at  Cam- 
bridge, and  one  or  two  years  at  Centerville.  He  is  a  justice 
of  tbe  peace.  Two  sons,  Joseph  S.  and  Alonzo  AY.,  served 
in  the  late  war. 

The  first  Tannery  in  Dublin  was  established  by  Reese 
Ridgeway  in  1832,  who  sold  to  Benj.  Griflin  in  1833,  and  he 
to  Axum  S.  Elliott.  The  present  tannery  was  established  by 
Benj.  Kirk,  about  the  year  1844,  and  is  now  owned  by  Ham- 
mond, Brown  &  Co. 

Samuel  Nixon  built  a  Carding-macldne  near  the  present 
residence  of  Caleb  W.  Witt,  but  it  was  not  long  continued. 

A  steam  Flouring-mill  was  built  in  1866,  by  Jacob  Vore, 
Jesse  Hiatt,  and  Paul  Barnard.  January  1,  1867,  Hiatt  sold 
out  to  Wm.  B.  Mitchell;  April  1,  1867,  Vore  sold  to  his  son, 
Wm.  H. ;  July  14,  Barnard  to  Wm.  H.  Vore  and  Mitchell. 

In  February,  1870,  they  sold  to Cox,  who  failed  to  make 

payment,  and  the  mill  again  [November,  1870,]  came  into  the 
hands  of  its  present  proprietors,  Jacob  and  Wm.  H.  Vore. 

The  principal  Mamifaduring  Establishment  in  Dublin  is  the 
Wayne  Agricultural  Works,  which  may  be  said  to  have  orig- 
inated in  1837,  in  a  foundry  established  by  John  Whippo  and 
Caleb  W.  and  James  Witt,  near  the  site  of  the  present  tan- 
nery of  Hammond,  Brown  &  Co.  In  1839  Caswell  and 
Pleasant  Witt  bought  out  AYhippo  ;  and  in  1840  the  four 
Witt  Brothers  built  the  present  foundry  and  machine  shop 
on  the  National  road  [Cumberland  street.]  In  1845  they  sold 
to  James  W.  and  Lovell  L.  Lawrence,  who,  a  few  years  after, 
sold  to  Caleb  W.  Witt,  Norton  Davis,  and  Wm.  Hollings- 
worth.  After  two  or  three  years,  the  concern  passed  to 
Samuel  Binkley,  L.  L.  Lawrence,  and  N.  Davis.  Binkley 
sold  his  interest  to  AVilson  Jones.  Since  then  the  firm  of 
Davis,  Lawrence  &  Co.  has  remained  to  the  present  time  un- 
changed. They  manufacture  reapers  and  mowers,  w^heat 
drills,  scales,  hay  rakes,  etc.  On  the  1st  of  January,  1871, 
the  concern  was  changed  to  a  stock  comimny.  Its  oflicers  are, 
Norton  Davis,  president;  L.  L.  Lawrence,  vice-president; 
Wilson  Jones,  actuary;  A.  L.  Davis,  secretary;  E.  Lawrence, 
treasurer.  The  number  of  hands  employed  is  from  60  to  75. 
Amount  of  sales,  about  $150,000  annually. 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  265 

Tlie  first  Justice  of  the  Peace  was  Nathaniel  Malin;  2d,  Levi 
Eastridge  ;  3d,  Jacob  Chappell,  a  slioemaker.  Wm.  B.  Reed, 
a  blacksmith,  is  the  present  justice. 

The  cause  of  Tem'pera'nce  here  found  an  early  and  power- 
ful support.  Its  friends,  by  united  and  persevering  ettbrt, 
succeeded  in  putting  an  end  to  the  liquor  traffic.  Drunkards 
are  not  made  in  Dublin.  There  is  not  a  drinking  saloon  in 
it.  To  this,  mainly,  is  to  be  attributed  the  general  morality 
of  its  inhabitants. 

Tiie  population  of  Dublin,  according  to  the  census  of  1870, 
was  then  1,076. 

Religious  Societies. — The  Methodist  Episcojxd  Church  in 
Dublin  was  formed  in  1834.  Among  the  first  members  were 
Alfred  Pierce  and  his  wife,  Mary  Grove,  Margaret  Faulkner, 
Abigail  Misner,  James  Bradshaw.  Their  first  preacher  is  said 
to  have  been  Robert  Burns,  followed  by Kimball,  Free- 
man Farnsworth,  and  others.  Their  meetings  were  first  held 
at  the  house  of  Wm.  Faulkner,  a  local  preacher.  They  built 
a  frame  meeting-house  in  1837  or  '38;  their  present  brick 
house,  on  Dublin  street,  in  1853-54. 

The  United  Brethren  formed  a  church  in  1837.  Among  the 
members  of  the  class  were  Caleb  W.,  Caswell,  James,  and 
Wm.  Witt,  John  Whittington,  and  the  wives  of  some  or  all 
of  thetu.  Their  meetings  were  held  for  several  years  in  a 
room  fitted  up  in  the  Dublin  Foundry.  They  built  a  brick 
house  in  1846,  which  was  destroyed  by  fire  in  1856 ;  and  in 
1857,  their  present  house  was  built. 

Tiie  Christian  Church  of  Dublin  was  organized  January  11, 
1866.  Amos  Tredway,  Jacob  Knipe,  Lewis  C.  Wilson, 
Enoch  Nation,  and  their  wives,  Landell  Bowen,  Susan  Boyd, 
Ruth  Boyd,  Sarah  Scott,  were  among  the  first  members. 
Their  first  preacher  was  Daniel  R.  Vanbuskirk ;  2d,  John  B. 
Marshall;  3d,  F.  W.  Parker;  4th,  Wm.  Grigsby,  the  present 
incumbent.  Meetings  were  first  held  in  other  churches  and 
the  town  hall.  In  1869  they  built  their  neat  frame  house  on 
Dublin  street.  Their  first  elders  were  Enoch  Nation,  Lewis 
C.  Wilson,  Daniel  R.  Vanbuskirk. 

The  TJniversalist  Church  was  organized  in  1842 ;  and  reor- 
ganized in   1863.     Members  at  the  first  organization  were, 


266  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

John  Whippo,  Paul  Custer,  Jacob  Custer,  Gideon  Myers, 
Edmund  Lawrence,  and  others.  Their  meetings  were  first 
held  in  the  Academy  building.  Their  first  preacher  was 
John  C.  McCune,  who  ofiiciated  at  the  organization.  His 
successors  have  been  Wm.  W.  Curry,  Benj.  Foster,  their 
present  preacher.  Their  house,  which  is  on  Milton  street, 
was  built  about  1848. 

The  Friends  [Orthodox]  lately  formed  a  new  meeting, 
called  Dublin  Meeting,  and  meet  for  worship  in  the  public 
hall. 

JBiographical  and  Genecdogical. 

Samuel  Scott  Boyd,  son  of  John  Boyd,  was  born  March  31, 
1820,  in  Jackson,  now  Harrison  township.  Laboring  on  the 
farm  nine  months  of  each  year  until  he  was  twenty-two  years 
of  age,  his  education  was  limited  to  the  branches  usually 
taught  in  those  times  during  three  winter  months.  At  the  age 
of  nineteen,  he  was  promoted  to  teacher  in  the  school-house  in 
which  he  had  finished  his  education,  under  the  instruction  of 
George  W.  Julian,  of  Centerville.  In  1843,  he  and  a  brother- 
in-law  bought  and  rebuilt  the  McLucas  mills  on  Green's  Fork, 
two  miles  east  of  Jacksonburgh.  He  was  married  October  14, 
1844,  to  Monimia,  daughter  of  Dr.  William  Bunnell,  of  the 
town  of  Washington.  His  health  failing,  he  commenced,  in 
1846,  the  study  of  medicine  with  his  father-in-law.  In  March, 
1849,  he  graduated  in  the  Ohio  Medical  College,  and  in  April 
located  in  Jacksonburgh,  where  he  continued  practice  until 
the  death  of  his  wife,  an  excellent  woman,  and  the  mother  of 
four  children,  of  which  three  are  living.  Immediately  after 
this  event,  which  occurred  January  7,  1862,  he  removed  to 
Centerville.  In  September  following,  he  was  commissioned 
surgeon  of  the  84th  Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry,  and  remained 
in  the  army  until  the  close  of  the  war,  sharing  the  many  trials 
and  triumphs  of  that  regiment.  In  1865,  the  doctor  located 
in  Dublin,  where  he  is  still  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  pro- 
fession. On  the  5th  of  September  of  that  year,  he  was  mar- 
ried to  Louisa  E.  Vickroy,  of  Pennsylvania.  He  has  been  a 
contributor  to  various  papers  and  periodicals  from  early  man- 
hood, and  has  taken  an  active  part  in  promoting  the  causes  of 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  267 

temperance  and  antislavery,  and  in  eftbrts  for  the  moral,  social, 
and  intelloctnal  improvement  of  the  community. 

William  Hawkins,  son  of  John  Hawkins,  a  native  of  South 
Carolina,  was  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  at  Cambridge  City, 
and  original  owner  of  most  of  the  land  on  which  the  town  has 
been  built.  It  had  been  entered  in  1813,  by  his  father,  who 
did  not  live  to  occupy  it.  ISTor  did  William,  his  son,  to  whom 
the  land  descended,  make  any  material  improvement  on  it 
until  peace  had, been  made  with  the  Indians,  in  1814.  In 
1817,  he  married  Isabel  Powell,  by  whom  he  had  ten  children: 
1.  Jane,  who  married  Allen  Williams,  and  died  here.  He  re- 
sides at  Xenia,  0.  2.  John  S.  N.,  a  physician  at  Cheyenne, 
Wyoming  Territory.  3.  3Iar}/,  wife  of  Pyrrhus  Woodward, 
of  N"ewcastle.  4.  Simon  P.,  who  died  at  7.  5.  Nathan  S., 
who  married  Huldah  C.  Marsh,  of  Vt.,  and  resides  near  Cam- 
bridge. 6.  Tamar  J..,  wife  of  David  Binford  ;  they  live  at 
Thornton.  7.  William,  who  married  Amelia  Marshall,  and 
lives  at  Leavenworth,  Kansas.  8,  9.  Amos,  who  died  at  11  ; 
and  Isabel,  in  infancy.  10.  Lemuel,  who  married  Caroline 
Brown. 

Samuel  K.  Hoshour  was  born  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  9, 1803. 
His  early  education  was  in  German.  At  the  age  of  16,  he  was 
employed  by  a  miller  as  a  book-keeper,  and  during  the  ensuing 
winter  taught  a  school.  He  soon  after  entered  for  the  first 
time  an  English  school,  and  the  next  winter  taught  a  second 
term.  He  then  entered  an  English  classical  school,  though  his 
highest  aspiration  was  to  become  a  German  preacher  in  the 
Lutheran  Church.  He,  however,  pursued  his  studies  through 
a  collegiate  course.  He  studied  theology  at  the  Theological 
Institute  at  New  Market,  Va.,  under  Prof.  Schmucker.  The 
latter  having  been  called  to  the  Theological  Seminary  at  Get- 
tysburg, Pa.,  and  Mr.  Hoshour  being  able  to  preach  in  both 
English  and  German,  he  wks  chosen  as  the  successor  to  Mr. 
Schmucker.  He  was  married  the  same  j'ear  [1826]  to  Lucinda 
Savage,  of  New  Market,  Va.  He  afterward  accepted  calls  suc- 
cessively from  congregations  in  Washington  Co.,  Md.,  in  1828, 
and  Ilagerstown,  in  1831.  A  few  years  after  he  embraced  the 
theological  views  of  Alexander  Campbell."  In  1835,  being  con- 
sidered by  the  Lutheran  Synod  as  having  "  separated  himself 


268  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

from  the  Lutheran  Church,  and  no  longer  a  member,"  that 
body  expunged  his  name  from  the  list  of  its  ministers.  He 
immediately  set  out  for  the  West,  intending  to  settle  on  a 
small  farm,  and  in  the  same  month,  Oct.,  1835,  arrived  at  Cen- 
terville.  After  a  short  trial  at  farm  labor,  he  found  that  his 
literary  pursuits  and  his  sedentary  habits  had  greatly  disqual- 
ified him  for  farming,  and  he  engaged  as  teacher  of  a  district 
school  near  Centerville.  His  success  soon  procured  for  him 
the  principalship  of  the  Wayne  County  Seminary  in  that 
town.  In  1836,  he  was  appointed  by  the  legislature  of  In- 
diana a  member  of  the  board  of  trustees  of  the  State  Univer- 
sity at  Bloomington,  which  office  he  held  three  years.  In 
1839,  he  removed  to  Cambridge  City,  where  he  was  for  seven 
years  the  principal  of  a  seminary.  Declining  health  com- 
pelled him  to  quit  the  school-rooms,  and  for  several  years  he 
taught  the  German  language  in  various  institutions  and  large 
towns  of  the  state.  In  1852,  he  purchased  a  small  farm  near 
Cambridge  City,  with  a  view  to  a  settlement  on  it  for  life. 
Having  been  persuaded  to  invest  largely  in  the  Richmond  and 
Indianapolis  Railroad,  he  became  deeply  involved,  and  lost  his 
rural  home.  In  June,  1858,  he  was  elected  president  of  the 
North-western  University  at  Indianapolis.  At  the  expiration 
of  three  years  he  became,  from  choice.  Professor  of  Modern  Lan- 
guages, which  office  he  still  holds.  In  addition  to  his  literary 
labors,  he  has  diligently  and  almost  gratuitously  performed  the 
duties  of  a  minister  on  the  Sabbath. 

Dr.  l^ATHAN  Johnson  was  born  in  Loudon  Co.,  Ya.,  Dec. 
14,  1794,  and  removed  with  his  father,  in  1805,  to  Belmont 
Co.,  O. ;  thence,  in  1839,  to  Cambridge  City.  In  early  life  he 
taught  school;  studied  medicine;  and  was  liceuFed  by  the 
Board  of  Censors  of  the  17th  Medical  District,  at  >Canton,  0., 
in  1827 ;  attended  lectures  in  Pennsylvania  University,  at 
Philadelphia,  in  1834-35.  In  February,  1839,  he  removed 
with  his  family  to  Cambridge  City,  where  he  has  practiced 
medicine  until  within  the  last  two  or  three  years,  and  where  he 
still  resides.  He  was  a  member  of  the  first  antislavery  societies 
formed  by  the  late  Benjamin  Lundy,  and  an  earnest  advocate 
of  abolition  during  the  whole  period  of  the  antislavery  contest; 
and  has  lived  to  witness  the  accomphshment  of  a  long-cher- 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  269 

ished  object.  He  was  married  in  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  to  Sarah 
Iloge,  Sept.  23,  1819.  Their  children  were:  1.  Nunrod  11. 
[Sk.]  2.  liiith  H.,  who  married  Alfred  B.  Williams,  and  re- 
sides in  Cincinnati.  3.  Lemuel,  I{.,  who  graduated  at  Starling 
Medical  College,  Columbus,  O.,  in  1850 ;  practiced,  succes- 
sively, at  Cincinnati,  O.,  in  West  Virginia,  and  from  1855  to 
the  present  time  in  Cambridge  City.  He  was  in  March,  1869, 
appointed  postmaster,  which  ofhce  he  now  holds.  4.  Elizabeth 
H.,  who  married  Paul  H.  Berkau,  a  native  of  Poland,  now  in 
the  Pension  Office  at  W^ashington. 

NiMROD  H.  Johnson,  son  of  i)r.  iSTathan  Johnson,  was  born 
at  Plainfield,  Belmont  Co.,  Ohio,  September  16,  1820,  and  re- 
moved with  his  father's  family  to  Cambridge  City  in  February, 
1839.  He  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law.  May  11,  1843; 
commissioned  as  prosecuting  attorney  of  Wayne  county,  Aug. 
27,  1848;  elected  judge  of  Wayne  comtnon  pleas  court,  Octo- 
ber, 1852;  and  commissioned  as  judge  of  the  21st  judicial  cir- 
cuit [Wayne  criminal  court],  Oct.  23,  1867.  He  was  married, 
Feb.  22,  1844,  to  Clarissa  M.  Ireland,  of  New  Paris,  Ohio,  and 
had  by  her  a  daughter,  Clarissa  L.  He  was  married  to  a  second 
wife,  Catharine  C.  Underwood,  of  Washington  City,  D.  C, 
May  8,  1850,  by  whom  he  had  two  children,  Henry  N",  and 
Robert  U.  Johnson.  His  children  are  all  living.  His  useful 
life  was  suddenly  terminated  April  28, 1869,  by  taking,  through 
mistake,  tincture  of  aconite,  instead  of  the  tincture  of  gentian. 
He  survived  the  taking  of  the  fatal  dose  only  about  an  hour. 
A  correspondent  of  the  Indianapolis  Journal,  communicating 
the  sad  intelligence,  wrote  :  "  The  judge  for  many  years  lived 
here,  and  at  one  time  practiced  law  here.  He  had  attained  the 
first  order  in  his  profession,  and  was  recognized  as  one  of  the 
ablest  and  most  brilliant  lawyers  in  Eastern  Indiana.  His 
literary  acquirements  were  surpassed  by  those  of  but  few  men. 
His  reading  extended  through  the  whole  domain  of  English 
literature,  and  could  quote  more  extensively  from  his  readings 
than  any  other  man  I  ever  met.  As  an  advocate,  ho  stood 
very  high;  before  a  jury,  few  men  surpassed  him."  He  had 
been  for  two  years,  and  was  at  the  time  of  his  death,  judge  of 
the  Wayne  criminal  circuit  court.  It  may  be  added,  that, 
though  not  a  member  of  anv  church,  he  was  the  teacher  of  a 


270  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

class  of  colored  children  in  a  sabbath-school  in  Centerville,  and 
a  trustee  of  the  society  of  the  church  of  which  his  wife  was  a 
member. 

Solomon  Meredith  was  born  in  Guilford  Co.,  N.  C,  May 
29,  1810.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1829,  and  for  several 
years  lived  in  and  near  Richmond  and  SaUsbury,  and  worked 
at  farming  by  the  month.  In  1834,  he  was  elected  sherifl"  of 
Wayne  county,  and  re-elected  in  1836.  In  1838,  he  commenced 
the  mercantile  business  in  Milton,  and  continued  it  in  Cam- 
bridge from  1839  to  1843.  In  1840,  he  was  a  delegate  to  the 
Whig  national  nominating  convention,  and  again  in  1848,  and 
to  the  Republican  convention  of  1856.  He  has  been  a  trustee 
of  Cambridge  Seminary ;  president  of  the  board  of  trustees  of 
Cambridge  City;  and  a  member  of  the  board  of  directors  of 
the  Whitewater  Canal.  In  1846-7-8,  he  was  elected  to  the 
legislature.  In  April,  1849,  he  was  appointed  by  President 
Taylor,  United  States  Marshal  for  the  District  of  Indiana,  and 
removed  by  President  Pierce  in  April,  1853.  In  1854,  he  was 
again  elected  to  the  legislature,  and  was  chairman  of  the  com- 
mittee of  ways  and  means.  He  was,  in  connection  with  John 
S.  I»[ewman,  a  financial  agent  for  the  completion  of  the  Indiana 
Central  Railroad,  and  was  subsequently  president  of  the  Cin- 
cinnati and  Chicago  Railroad  Company.  In  1859,  he  was 
elected  clerk  of  the  courts  of  the  county.  In  1861,  he  entered 
the  military  service  as  Colonel  of  the  19th  Regiment  of  Indiana 
Volunteer  Infantry,  and  served  to  the  close  of  the  war.  He 
was  appointed  Brigadier-General  in  1862,  and  in  1864  brevetted 
Major-General.  In  1866,  he  was  appointed  assessor  of  internal 
revenue  for  this  congressional  district;  and,  in  1867,  surveyor- 
general  of  Montana  territory,  which  office  he  held  until  July, 
1869. 

Solomon  Meredith  was  married  March  17,  1835,  to  Anna 
Hannah,  who  was  born  in  Brownsville,  Pa.,  April  12,  1812. 
They  had  four  children,  three  sons  and  a  daughter,  Mary,  who 
died  in  infancy.  1.  Samuel  H.,  entered  the  army  in  1861  as  a 
private,  and  was  promoted  to  1st  Lieutenant  in  19th  regiment; 
was  also  aid-de-camp  on  the  staff  of  his  father.  He  was 
severely  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Gainesville  in  1862,  and  at 
Gettysburg,  in  1863.     He  never  recovered  fully  from  the  effects 


SOLOMON   WIEKf  on  H,  bVT.  N™  \j  G  R   G  i  MEH  M.  U.5  .V. 


Eji^j^uaa  eiquassly  for  BiciailiJeTs  Bis'ury 


V.."'  inS  mxhtr 


JACKSON    TOWNSHIP.  271 

of  the  first  wound.  He  was  furloughed  home  in  January,  18G4, 
and  died  on  the  22d,  at  his  father's  house  in  Cambridge  City, 
aged  25.  2.  David  31.,  Lieutenant  in  the  15th  U.  S.  Inf.,  reg- 
ular army,  in  which  he  served  in  the  war;  was  wounded  at  the 
battle  of  Chickamauga;  and  was  promoted  to  captain  and  to 
major  in  the  15th  Infantry.  lie  died  at  Mobile,  April  4, 
1867.  3.  Henry  C,  who  is  a  graduate  of  the  state  University; 
enhsted  as  a  minuteman  in  1863;  was  married  to  Virginia 
Claypool,  of  Connersville,  and  is  editor  of  the  Cambridge  City 
Tribune. 

Noah  W.  Miner,  a  native  of  jSTorth  Ca-rolina,  came  to  what 
is  now  Union  Co.,  when  young,  in  1807.  In  1834,  he  removed 
to  Henry  Co.,  and,  in  1840,  settled  in  Dublin.  He  is  by  pro- 
fession a  lawyer,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in  1852.  He  was 
the  second  postmaster  in  Dublin,  being  the  successor  of  Samuel 
Schooltield,  and  appointed  in  1846.  He  had  four  sons,  three 
of  whom  served  in  the  late  war.  1.  Milton  L.,  who  was  mar- 
ried to  Margaret  Hood.  (?)  He  was  Captain  of  the  17th  Indi- 
ana Battery,  and  died  of  sickness  in  the  army.  2.  Oliver  H., 
who  married  Mary  Morris,  and  is  not  living.  8.  WiUiam  H., 
who  married  Fanny  Chambers,  of  Harpers  Ferry,  while  in  the 
war.  4.  John  B.,  married,  and  resides  in  Kewanee ;  was  also 
in  the  war. 

Aaron  Morris  settled,  in  the  spring  of  1815, 1^  miles  south- 
west from  Jacksonburg,  on  Martindale's  creek  ;  and  in  Decem- 
ber, 1816,  moved  to  a  cabin  where  now  Milton  is,  and  cleared 
twenty  acres  of  Jonathan  Justice's  land,  which  was  first  owned 
by  Jacob  Williams.  In  the  fall  of  1822,  he  bought  a  quarter 
section  on  the  line  of  the  Twelve  xMile  Purchase,  1  mile  south- 
west from  Cambridge,  the  principal  part  of  the  farm  on  the 
new  Purchase,  where  he  resided  until  the  death  of  his  wife  in 
1839.  It  passed  to  Josiah  Bell  and  Eli  Henby,  and  is  occupied 
by  the  latter.  Aaron  Morris  died  many  years  ago.  His  chil- 
dren were:  1.  John,  who  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  John 
Bell.  Himself,  his  wife,  and  two  daughters,  died  within  the 
space  of  one  month,  in  October  and  iS'ovember,  1854.  2.  Sam- 
uel, who  married  Sarali,  daughter  of  Abraham  Symons  in 
1827,  and  settled  where  he  now  resides,  1  mile  south-west  from 
Cambridge.     His  children  were,  Cyrus,  who  died  at  14;  Jasou, 


272  HISTORY  or  wayne  county. 

who  married  liuth  Mills,  and  resides  near  Greensboro' ;  Lydia, 
who  died  in  infancy;  Mary,  residing  at  home;  Jason,  in  Henry 
Co.  ;  Charles,  who  married  Mary  Jane  Diven,  of  Cambridge 
City,  and  resides  on  the  farm  with  his  father. .  The  wife  of 
Samuel  Morris  died  in  the  summer  of  1871.  3,  4.  Thomas  and 
JEli,  younger  sons  of  Aaron  JNIorris,  reside  on  the  farm  of  their 

father.      5. .      6.  Elizabeth,  who  married  Matthew 

Ferris,  who  settled  1  mile  west  from  Milton,  and  died  in  1866. 
Their  children  are,  "William,  who  is  married,  and  lives  at  Dory, 
Wabash  Co.;  Joseph,  who  married  Deborah  Atwell,  and  lives 
in  Milton  ;  Edith,  who  married  Jordan,  son  of  Silas  Hiatt,  and 
lives  in  Fayette  Co.,  a  few  miles  west  from  Milton. 

Dr.  John  W.  Smith,  son  of  Benjamin  Smith,  was  born  in 
Wayne  township,  and  removed  with  his  father,  in  1824,  to 
Jackson,  ^  mile  north  of  Dublin.  He  commenced  practice  as 
a  physician,  at  Dalton,  in  1836;  practiced  at  Dublin  from  1849 
till  1855 ;  since  in  Wabash  county,  and  in  Peru,  Miami  Co. ; 
and  returned  in  1868  to  Dublin.  He  was  married  to  Abigail 
Misner,  by  whom  he  had  three  sons;  all  of  whom. and  him- 
self served  in  the  late  war.  Dr.  Smith  was  a  surgeon  of  the 
155th  liegiment.  Amos  C,  his  eldest  son,  served  4  years  and 
4  months;  James  D.,  to  the  end  of  the  war;  both  wounded. 
Oliver  C,  the  youngest,  served  4  months. 


JEFFEKSON  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  was  formed  in  March,  1834,  from  the  town- 
ships of  Jackson  on  the  south  and  Perry  on  the  north.  Its 
northern  boundary  is  6  miles  in  length;  its  width  is  live  miles, 
with  the  exception  of  the  two  eastern  sections  taken  from  the 
southern  tier  in  the  formation  of  Harrison.  It  contains  an 
area  of  28  square  miles.  Martindale's  creek  crosses  the 
township  at  a  distance  averaging  about  three-fourths  of  a  mile 
from  the  east  line.  The  West  river  crosses  it  about  the  same 
distance  west  of  the  center,  touching  the  east  border  of  Ha- 
gerstown,  and  receives  the  waters  of  Nettle  creek  half  a  mile 
below  the  town.  Some  of  the  best  lands  in  the  county  lie  in 
the  valleys  of  these  streams. 


JEFFERSON   TOWNSHIP.  273 

The  years  in  which  most  of  the  oarlv  settlers  made  their 
settlements,  is  not  remembered  by  any  of  the  oldest  inhabit- 
ants. As  the  sales  of  the  lands  west  of  the  Twelve  Mile  Pur- 
chase did  not  commence  until  1822,  it  is  presumed  that  most 
of  the  early  settlements  were  made  in  the  eastern  part  of  the 
township,  many  of  them  soon  after  the  peace  of  1814-15. 
Some,  however,  settled  on  the  west  side  of  the  line  of  the 
Purchase  several  years  before  the  lands  were  offered  for  sale. 
Samuel  Baldridge,  from  Kentucky,  unmarried,  settled,  in 
January,  1814,  3  miles  east  of  Hagerstown,  and  was  one  of 
the  earliest  settlers  in  Jefferson  township.  Jonathan  Platts, 
from  E".  J.,  settled  early  IJ  miles  south-east  of  town.  He 
was  an  early  justice  of  the  peace,  and  at  several  sessions  pres- 
ident of  the  board  of  justices,  which,  from  1824  to  1828,  was 
substituted  for  the  three  county  commissioners ;  and  from 
1829,  for  several  years  a  county  commissioner.  Philip  Balti- 
more settled  early  1  mile  east  of  town,  where  Miles  Conway 
now  lives.  Isaac  Pierce,  from  Tenn.,  settled  IJ  miles  north- 
east from  Hagerstown,  where  now  liis  son  Isaac  A.  Pierce  re- 
sides. 

David  and  Aaron  Miller,  brothers,  settled  3-J  miles  south- 
east of  town,  on  Martindale's  creek,  and  removed  with  their 
families  about  30  years  ago,  to  St.  Joseph  Co.  Both  were 
German  Baptist  preachers.  Sons  of  Aaron  were  David, 
Benjamin,  Solomon,  Isaac.  David,  the  elder,  had  a  son 
Aaron.  George  Castator  was  an  early  settler,  now  102  years 
of  age,  and  lives  in  town  with  his  son,  Elijah  Castator,  a  cab- 
inet-maker. Benj.  Parsons,  from  N.  J.,  settled  about  1817,  2 
miles  east  of  town,  and  died  in  1864  where  now  James  Mar- 
tindale,  a  Baptist  minister,  resides.  He  had  twelve  chil- 
dren :  Sarah,  wife  of  Frederick  Jenks  ;  Amos,  who  mar- 
ried Jane  Matchett;  Martha,  wife  of  Samuel  ITewcomb ;  and 
Harriet,  wdfe  of  John  Thornburg,  reside  in  the  township. 
John  Miller,  and  afterward  his  brothers  Jacob  and  Samuel, 
settled  2  miles  south-east  of  town.  Jacob  had  served  in  the 
war  of  1812,  and  was  under  Gen.  Hull  at  the  surrender  at 
Detroit.  Among  others  who  settled  south-east  of  the  town, 
were  Daniel  Petty,  who,  about  the  year  1832,  settled  on  land 
bought  of  Aaron  Miller,  where  he  and  his  sou  John  now  re- 
20 


274  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY, 

side.  H.  Kinsey,  C.  A.  Bradbury,  G-.  G.  Hindman,  E.  Mar- 
tindale,  J.  Martiudale,  W.  Fox,  L.  Strickler,  M.  Conway,  and 
others  own  lands  in  the  east  part  of  the  township,  the  first 
settlers  on  which  are  not  ascertained. 

Joseph  Bowen,  a  native  of  Delaware,  from  Lebanon,  0., 
in  1822,  settled  1|  miles  east  of  town;  was  a  Methodist 
preacher;  died  in  1863;  land  now  owned  by  Rebecca  E. 
Bowen,  a  grand-daughter.  Wm.  Brown  is  said  to  have  set- 
tled early  east  of  town;  part  of  the  land  now  owned  by 
Abraham  Eeplogle. 

In  the  north-east  part  of  the  township,  David,  Andrew,  and 
Michael  Eouts  settled,  and  still  reside  there.  The  first  set- 
tlers on  the  lands  now  or  lately  owned  by  M.  Veal,  J.  Morris, 
M.  Smith,  A.  Bailey,  John  and  Wm.  C.  Bowen,  S.  McLucas, 
A.  Strickler,  E.  Brown,  and  others,  not  ascertained. 

Hugh  Allen  settled,  in  1820,  one  mile  south-east  of  town. 
Joseph  Manifold,  Jun.,  his  son-in-law,  now  resides  on  the 
farm.  Joseph  Manifold,  Sen.,  from  Tenn.,  about  1820,  set- 
tled east  of  and  near  town  ;  land  now  owned,  probably,  by 
the  present  settlers,  B.  L.  &  M.  E.  Manifold,  and  by  Robert 
and  Franklin  G.  ISTewcomb.  Hugh  Murphy  settled  2  miles 
north-east  from  town,  where  J.  Funk  resides.  Samuel  Pol- 
lard, of  Ky.,  2|  miles  from  town  ;  land  now  owned  by  E. 
Petty  and  Joel  Replogle.  Isaac  McLanahau,  near  and  south- 
east of  town;  land  now  owned  by  David  Lantz. 

In  the  south-west  part  of  the  township  the  following  named 
persons  are  said  to  have  been  early  settlers  :  Adam  Stone- 
braker,  1  mile  south  of  town,  where  now  I.  Stonebraker 
resides.  [Sk.]  Wm.  Murray,  who  built  a  carding-machine 
and  a  saw-mill,  and  afterward  a  woolen  factory.  A  saw-mill 
is  still  there ;  the  property  owned  by  his  heirs.  "Wm.  Felton, 
a  native  of  Pa.,  from  Ohio,  about  the  year  1821,  near  town ; 
built  a  saw-mill  and  a  corn-cracker.  He  died  there  at  a  great 
age.  His  wife  also  died  there.  John  Mason,  from  Ky.,  in 
1818,  to  Washington  township,  settled  2^  miles  south-west 
from  Ilagerstowu,  in  1822,  where  Charles  Gwynn  now  resides. 
[Sk.]  Moses  Miller  settled  near  Jackson  line;  land  now 
owned  by  Jacob  Mason.  Abel  Johnson  and  Jacob  Dilling  ; 
lands  owned  by  Daniel  Dilling,  Moses  Schmuck,  and  Jacob 


JEFFERSON    TOWNSHIP.  275 

Mason.  John  Lail,  where  Ilenrj  and  Frederick  Dinino;  re- 
side. Wm.  Campbell,  from  Ky.,  in  1823,  where  his  son  John 
L.  lives.  AA'illiam  is  in  Kansas;  Robert  died  in  Huntington 
Co.;  James  is  a  baker  in  town.  Isaac  Zook,  about  1830; 
land  since  owned  by  David  Replogle,  now  by  Jacob  Hoover. 
Abraham  Zook  bought  land  of  Wm.  McLucas,  now  owned 
by  ]\Iartin  Fonts. 

Wm.  Jennings  settled  2  miles  west  of  town ;  now  lives  in 
town  ;  farm  owned  by  M.  Shnltz.  Samuel  Filer  settled  IJ 
miles  west  from  town ;  was  born  in  Canada  West;  married 
Susanna  Snyder;  removed  to  Montgomery  Co.,  Ohio,  in 
1811 ;  thence,  in  1823,  to  where  he  now  resides,  at  the  age  of 
about  81  years.  He  is  a  member  of  the  German  Baptist 
Church.  Jonas  Hoover,  born  in  Penn.,  in  1788,  removed  to 
Ohio  in  1809,  and  al;)Out  the  year  1823,  settled  one  mile  west 
from  Hagerstown,  where  he  still  resides.  His  children  were 
ISIar}",  deceased,  Joshua,  Aaron,  Catharine,  John,  Alexander, 
Betsey  F.,  Priscilla. 

John  or  Isaac  Zook  (?)  is  said  to  have  settled  on  the  land 
adjoining  town,  now  owned  by  R.  &  F.  G.  ISTewcomb,  near 
where  their  flouring-mill  stands.  Thomas  Cooper,  on  land 
now  owned  by  David  Bowman.  Samuel  Zook,  on  land  after- 
ward sold  to  pJacob  Dilling,  now  owned  by  Henry  Dilling  and 
Frederick  Dilling's  heirs.  \Ym.  Brown  settled  early  south- 
west of  town(?);  land  since  owned  by  Jacob  Mason,  now  by 
Abraham  Replogle. 

In  the  norfh-ircsf  part  of  the  township  were  the  following: 
John  Small,  from  JST.  C,  settled  before  the  land  sales,  above 
and  near  town;  sold  to  Abraham  Teeter,  and  removed  to 
Henry  Co.,  where  he  and  his  wife  both  died.  Jonas  Harris, 
also  before  land  sales,  settled  near  and  north  of  town,  on  land 
now  owned  by  11.  &  F.  G.  aSTewcomb,  and  removed  to  St. 
Joseph  Co.,  and  died  there.  His  son  Henry  resides  in  the 
township.  Fnos  Boyd  settled  on  a  part  of  the  school  section. 
David  Hardman,  a  mile  west  of  town,  in  1823  ;  sold  the  land 
(now  owned  by  Oliver  Stout)  and  bought  of  Enos  Boj'd  the 
farm  on  which  his  widow,  Susanna  Hardman,  lives.  He  was 
a  German  Baptist  minister,  and  died  in  1863,  aged  66.     Jacob 


276  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Heaston,  iu  1823,  settled  west  of  and  near  town,  and  removed 
many  years  ago  to  Huntington  Co. 

AlDraham  Teeter,  a  native  of  Pa.,  from  Montgomery  Co., 
O.,  in  1823,  settled  near  town;  land  now  owned  by  Archi- 
bald B.  Knode.  He  removed,  about  1840,  to  where  he  now 
resides,  2  miles  above  town,  on  land  bought  of  John  Small, 
before  mentioned.  His  sons  were  John,  who  married  and 
died ;  Daniel,  who  owns  the  grist-mill  with  his  father  ;  David, 
who  owns  the  steam  saw-mill ;  Jacob  and  Zachariah,  ma- 
chinists in  town.  His  daughter  Sally  married  John  Zook, 
who  owns  a  grist-mill  1  mile  above  Teeter's.  Zachariah 
Albaugh,  a  native  of  Maryland,  from  Ohio,  in  1826,  settled  in 
the  north-west  part  of  the  township,  where  he  died  March  6, 
1871,  aged  76  years.  He  had  been  a  German  Baptist  minis- 
ter since  1836.  He  married,  in  1826,  Christina,  a  daughter  of 
John  Ulrich.  Henry  CruU,  a  native  of  Pa.,  removed  from 
Ohio,  in  1833,  to  the  farm  where  he  now  lives,  2  miles  north- 
west from  Hagerstown.  His  sons,  living  in  the  township,  are 
William,  who  is  married  and  lives  in  town,  and  has  a  farm  2 
miles  west,  first  settled  by  Israel  Hardman ;  George,  who  is 
married  and  lives  on  the  homestead  with  his  father,  and 
David,  unmarried.  John  Street  settled  2|  miles  north-west  of 
town,  where  R.  Halderman  now  lives.  "Wm.  McLucas  where 
now  E.  RafFe  resides,  1|  miles  north  from  town.  Martin 
Keever,  on  land  now  owned  by  his  heirs.  Jesse  Thoruburg, 
2J  miles  north;  land  now  owned  by  John  H.  Thornburg. 
John  Lewis  settled  2  miles  north  ;  land  now  owned  by  J. 
Charlton's  heirs.  Absalom  Cornelius,  from  Va.,  settled  where 
Clinton  Kelly  resides.  Joseph  Stover  entered  the  lands  now 
owned  by  Samuel  G.  N"ewcomb  and  David  Brown.  Daniel 
"Wagner,  near  and  north-west  of  town,  sold  to  Joseph  Rep- 
logle,  from  Pa.,  in  1831.  Samuel  Replogle,  about  1828, 
bought  of  Atticus  Siddall,  — —  Holly,  and  others,  the  land 
where  Samuel  JST.  Replogle  resides. 

Absalom  Cornelius,  mentioned  above ;  John  Ritter,  from 
Ohio,  who  settled  8  miles  east  of  Hagerstown ;  Peter  Hard- 
man,  from  Ohio,  who  settled  in  the  township ;  and  David 
Wagner,  from  Ohio,  who  settled  1  mile  north  of  Hagerstown ; 


JEFFERSON    TOWNSHIP.  277 

all  removed  to  Sontli  Bend;  and  Cornelius  afterward  re- 
moved to  Oregon. 

William  Gebhart  a  native  of  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  settled,  in 
1848,  in  the  south  part  of  Jefferson.  Andrew  Fouts,  born  in 
Moutgomer}^  Co.,  Ohio,  in  1831,  settled  where  he  now  lives,  in 
the  east  part  of  the  township. 

John  McCullongh,  from  Pa.  in  1820,  settled  in  the  east  part 
of  the  township,  where  his  widow  Elizabeth  McCullongh  now 
resides,  and  where  he  died  in  1840,  aged  46  years.  Their 
children  are  Amanda,  Esther,  John,  Samuel,  Elizabeth,  Louisa, 
Nancy,  Jane,  George  AY.,  Thomas  B. 

Samuel  Gibson  came  with  his  father  from  Teun.,  at  about 
the  year  1814  or  1815,  and  settled  in  the  east  part  of  JeiFerson, 
and  several  years  after,  removed  to  Madison  Co.,  where  he  still 
lives.  His  son  Samuel  resides  3  miles  north-east  from  Ilagers- 
town. 

Eli  Pettj^son  of  Daniel,  born  in  Winchester,  came  to  Jefler- 
son  in  1831,  married  Elizabeth,  a  daughter  of  Je?se  Thornbnrg, 
and  resides  2^^  miles  north-east  from  Ilagerstown. 

Samuel  Replogle,  from  Penn.,  settled  about  the  year  1827, 
on  the  place  now  owned  and  occupied  by  his  son  Samuel,  one 
mile  north-east  from  town,  and  where  his  widow  still  resides. 
Their  children  were,  Catharine,  (deceased  ;)  John  David,  (dec. ;) 
Abram,  living  2i-  miles  east  from  town;  Samuel,  Philip, 
Elizabeth. 

David  Lantz,  a  native  of  Pa.,  from  Ohio  in  1833,  settled 
where  he  now  resides,  2  miles  south-east  from  town.  Ilis 
children  were,  Obadiah,  Emanuel,  David,  Madison,  Thomas, 
(dec.,)  Phebe,  Edward,  Josiah,  Sarah  Ann,  Catharine. 

Samuel  Lantz,  also  a  native  of  Pa.,  and  from  Ohio  in  1833, 
settled  where  he  now"  lives,  2  miles  soutli-east  from  town.  His 
children  were,  Elizabeth,  Harry,  John,  Sarah,  Amanda,  Leah, 
(deceased,)  and  Melinda. 

Robert  and  Franklin  G.  JSTewcomb,  from  Montgomery  Co., 
Ohio,  removed  to  Hagerstown  in  1842,  and  about  eight  years 
thereafter  engaged  in  the  milling  business,  which  they  have 
continued  until  the  present  time. 

Joseph  Replogle,  from  Pa.,  in  1827,  settled,  in  1831,  one 


278  HISTORY   OF   WATISTE    COUNTY. 

mile  north  from  town,  and  now  resides  in  town.  His  children 
living  are,  Joel,  Elizabeth,  Sarah,  Mahala,  Benjamin,  Cliristina. 

Peter  Waltz,  a  native  Pennsjdvauian,  settled  near  German- 
town  in  1823,  and  after  10  or  12  years,  removed  to  Madison 
Co.,  and  a  few  years  later,  to  this  township,  and  died  at  the 
residence  of  his  son  Solomon,  2|^  miles  south-west  fromllagers- 
town,  aged  75  years. 

David  Hardman,  a  native  of  Ky.,  from  Ohio  in  1823,  settled 
IJ  miles  west  from  town,  where  he  died  in  1863,  at  the  age  of  6Q, 
and  where  his  widow  now  lives.  He  was  an  elder  in  the  Ger- 
man Baptist  church. 

Martin  Shultz,  from  Penn.,  settled  in  1831,  near  Hagerstown, 
and  now  lives  about  2  miles  west  from  town. 

Daniel  Burkett,  from  Pa.,  built  the  first  grist-mill  one  mile 
below  town,  on  ISTettle  creek.  Another  was  built  by  Wm. 
Brumback  about  a  mile  above  town,  and  has  passed  through 
several  hands  to  David  and  John  Uh'ich,  its  present  proprietors. 
About  the  year  1847,  George  Gillespie  bought  the  woolen 
factory  previously  owned  by  Edmund  Taylor,  and  converted  it 
into  a  flouring-mill.  In  1854,  it  passed  into  the  hands  of 
Eobert  and  Franklin  G.  IS'ewcomb,  its  present  owners.  Its 
capacity  is  about  150  barrels  per  day.  An  oil-mill  and  aclover- 
huUer,  and  later  a  saw-mill,  were  built  by  Abraham  Teeter, 
just  above  town,  on  West  river.  (?)  In  1838  or  1839,  Geo. 
Gillespie  bought  the  property,  continued  the  saw-mill,  and 
built  in  the  place  of  the  others  a  grist-mill,  which  he  rebuilt 
about  the  year  1858  or  1859.  One-half  of  Gillespie's  interest 
passed  to  John  Springer,  who  sold  the  same  to  ISTehemiah 
Cheeseman,  and  the  other  half  to  Archibald  B.  Knode.  In 
1864,  the  property  was  purchased  by  R.  &  F.  G.  ]^ewcomb, 
who  rebuilt  the  mill  in  1867.  A  saw-mill  was  built  at  an 
early  day,  by  Frederic  and  Peter  "Waltz,  near  the  line  of  the 
township.  Mark  E.  Reeves  afterward  built  on  this  power 
a  grist-mill,  now  owned  by  John  and  Daniel  Zook.  Samuel 
Burkett  built  in  1870,  in  town,  a  steam  saw-mill,  now  owned 
by  Stephen  Mendenhall.  A  saw-mill  was  built  2  miles  above 
town,  on  or  near  the  site  of  Teeter's  grist-mill,  by  John  Small, 
before  he  sold  to  the  Teeters.  David  Teeter  has  a  steam  saw- 
mill near  the  same  place. 


JEFFERSON   TOWNSHIP.  279 

The  earliest  Blacksmith  in  Ilagerstown,  perhaps  the  first  in 
the  towiisliip,  was  David  Stoneacre  ;  the  next,  Peter  Cahle  and 
John  Eiler,  and  soon  after,  Charles  Retz.  There  are  now  Fist  & 
Jewett.  David  Weaver  was  probably  the  first  loagon-maker ; 
now,  D.  &  M.  W.  Philabom  advertise  carriages  and  buggies. 
Joseph  Arment  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  cabinet-maker. 
James  Walker  also  was  an  early  one.  Elijah  Castator  and 
Samuel  S.  Study  now  supply  the  people  with  furniture.  The 
pioneer  saddler  and  harness-maker,  not  ascertained  ;  AY.  E. 
Lloyd  and  another  now  carry  on  this  business. 

Jacob  and  Zachariah  Teeter  have  in  town  a  Planing  31ill, 
and  a  llachine  Shop  for  repairing  engines  and  other  machinery. 
The  establishment  is  to  be  enlarged  by  the  addition  of  an  Iro7i 
JFoandrif,  and  the  increase  of  its  capacity  for  the  manufacture 
of  machinery. 

There  is  also  a  Barrel  Factory,  operated  by  steam  power. 
The  name  of  its  proprietor  not  given. 

Tlie  first  Physicia)is  were  Thomas  J.  Buchanan  and  G. 
G.  Winchell,  partners,  the  latter  residing  in  llagerstown  ; 
Buchanan,  a  few  miles  distant,  in  Henry  Co.  In  1835,  Dr.  B. 
removed  to  town,  in  the  place  of  Dr.  Winchell,  who  had  left, 
and  in  1840  returned,  and  practiced  here  for  several  years. 
Dr.  Augustus  Weaver  came  about  1837  ;  John  Clymer,  about 
1810 ;  Calvin  West,  about  1842  or  1843,  and  died  here ;  Dr. 
Spencer,  about  1846  or  1847;  Dr.  Widiken,  about  1850; 
Samuel  J.  Ford ;    Drs.  McElway   and    Genther,    both    dead. 

The  present  physicians  are,  Samuel    J.  Ford,  J.   Read, 

Thornton  ;  Daniel  Smith,  (eclectic;)  jST.  F.  Canaday,  (homcco- 
pathic  ;)  C.  N.  Blunt,  J.  M.  Thurston. 

The  first  Store  was  kept  by  Levi  Antrim,  about  1820,  in  a 
hewed  log  house,  yet  standing,  near  iSTewcombs'  grist-nnU.  An 
early  store  is  said  to  have  been  kept  at  David  Ilardman's, 
and  another  below  town,  by  Hastings.  Wm.  Baker  bought 
out  Antrim  in  1831.  James  Gray  came  about  1833;  Joseph 
Hawkins,  soon  after.  Mark  E.  and  James  E.  Reeves,  in  1830, 
bought  out  Hawkins,  and  James  took  charge  of  the  st'ore  ; 
sold  his  interest  to  Alark  in  1810,  when  Mark  came.  Among 
the  large  number  who  followed,  were  A.  B.  Knode,  Wm. 
Lewis,  Gillespie   &    Co.,    Wm.    Arnold,  Christopher   Taylor. 


280  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Present  merchants  :  Dry  Goods — Beck  &  Stonebraker,  Stone- 
braker  &  Bruraback,  IS^ehemiah  Clieeseman,  D.  P.  Slifer. 
Druggists — "Walker  &  Dilliug,  Allen  &  Co.,  Walter  Rogers. 
Hardware — H.  Shiveley  &  Co.  Stoves  and  Tin-ware — E.  Brown. 
Grocers— Wm.  Dolley,  Wilson  Thornburg,  H.  D.  Root,  H. 
Lontz,  John  Lontz,  Hannibal  Matthews. 

An  important  branch  of  the  trade  of  this  place  is  the 
pork  packing  business  of  Wiggins  &  Cheeseman,  which  has 
for  years  furnished  an  ample  and  a  ready  market  for  the  great 
staple  product  of  the  farmers  of  the  surrounding  country. 

The  Urst  Lawyer  is  said  to  have  been  John  Davidson ;  the 
second,  John  Curtis  ;  later,  David  Reed.  The  present  attorneys 
are  Wm.  W.  Woods  and  Daniel  W.  Mason ;  the  latter  being 
at  present  Prosecuting  Attorney. 

Wm.  Baker  was  an  early  Justice  of  the  Peace,  supposed  to 
have  been  the  first  in  the  township,  and  Thomas  Burns  the 
next.  The  present  justices  are  Robert  Gardner,  Sylvester 
Baldwin. 

Members  of  the  Legislature  elected  from  this  township, 
Jonathan  Platts,  Joseph  Hawkins,  Wesley  Williamson,  AVm. 
C.  Bowen. 

The  Toion  of  Hagerstoion  was  laid  out  by  Jacob  Ulrich  and 
Jonas  Harris,  March  8,  1832,  and  the  survey  recorded  IsTov. 
15,  1832.  An  addition  was  made  Oct.  15,  1838,  by  J.  Ulrich, 
Henry  Herman,  and  George  Gillespie  &  Co. 

Religious  Societies. — The  German  Baptist  Church  (known 
also  as  Dunkers  and  Tunkers,)  was  organized  about  the  year 
1821 ;  its  members  residing  in  the  tow^nships  of  Jefierson  and 
Jackson,  and  in  adjacent  townships  in  Henry  Co.  Among  its 
early  members  were  David  and  Aaron  Miller,  Benjamin  Bow- 
man, John  Ritter,  Jonas  Hoover,  Samuel  Eiler,  David  Hard- 
man,  Benj.  Hardraan,  John  Ulrich,  Jacob  Caylor,  Henry  Crull, 
and  Samuel  Cripe.  Meetings  were  first  held  at  private  houses, 
in  groves,  barns,  &c.,  until  their  meeting-ho^ise  was  built,  IJ 
miles  south-west  of  Hagerstown,  about  the  j^ear  1843.  Their 
first*preachers  were  David  and  Aaron  Miller,  and  Benj.  Bow- 
man, the  first  ordained  elder;  succeeded  by  John  Bowman, 
David  Hardman,  Zachariah  Albaugh,  Daniel  Bowman,  Jacob 
Bowman,  John  Holler,  David  Bowman,  Lewis  Kinsey,  Wm. 
Lindley,  Daniel  Smith.     All  but  Holler,  Kinsey,  David  Bow- 


JEFFERSON    TOWNSHIP.  281 

man,  and  Smith,  became  eiders.  Early  deacons  were  Jacob 
Cajlor,  Benj.  Ilardman,  John  Ilardman,  John  Uh-ich.  This 
church  has,  for  the  accommodation  of  its  members,  three  other 
meeting-houses:  one,  6  miles  north-west  of  Hagerstowu,  in 
Henry  Co.;  one,  5  miles  south-west,  also  in  Henry  Co.;  and 
another,  4  miles  north-west,  in  Jefferson  township.  The  mem- 
bers attending  worship  in  these  different  houses  constitute  but 
one  church.  Preachers  are  elected  by  the  members  of  the 
church,  male  and  female.  Elders  are  chosen  from  the  preach- 
ers, who,  after  sufhcient  trial,  have  given  evidence  of  faithful- 
ness and  ability.  The  office  of  elder  is  the  highest  in  the 
church.     Deacons  are  chosen  in  the  same  manner  as  elders. 

A  statement  of  the  religious  views  and  customs  of  this 
pecuhar  people  may  be  interesting  to  those  residing  in  the  re- 
mote parts  of  the  county.  The  fundamental  principles  of 
their  faith  are  the  same  as  those  recognized  by  most  of  the 
leading  denominations  in  this  country  as  evangelical.  Their 
order  of  worship,  generally,  is  also  similar  to  that  practiced  by 
others.  Their  communion  seasons  are  less  frequent ;  occur- 
ring about  once  a  year  in  eacli  branch  of  the  church,  and  being 
observed  only  in  the  evening.  The  bread  and  wine  they  do 
not  regard  as  the  Lord's  Supper.  The  supper  is  an  ordinary 
meal.  Before  eating  they  wash  each  other's  feet,  in  imitation 
of  the  example  of  the  Savior,  which  they  consider  as  binding 
on  his  professed  followers.  During  the  ceremony  they  sit 
with  their  faces  from  the  table.  When  the  number  is  large^ 
the  service  is  performed  by  several  of  the  members;  and  the 
washing  is  preceded  by  a  salutation  and  a  kiss.  These  are  fol- 
lowed by  others  with  towels,  whose  service  is  accompanied  with 
the  like  salutation  and  kiss.  Those  of  each  sex  are  served  by 
persons  of  their  own  number.  After  the  giving  of  thanks,  all 
standing,  they  seat  themselves  at  the  table.  After  the  supper 
is  ended,  and  the  table  cleared,  the  bread  and  wine  are  served, 
the  partaking  of  each  being  preceded  by  the  giving  of  thanks. 
This,  as  has  been  observed,  is  the  eommanion. 

The  Dunkers,  or  Tunkers,  [from  a  word  signifying  dip,']  be- 
lieve that  adults  alone  are  proper  subjects  of  baptism,  on  the 
profession  of  faith  and  repentance,  and  that  no  other  is  Chris- 
tian baptism.  This  rite  is  performed  by  taking  the  applicant 
into  the  water,  who,  having  kneeled,  is  dipped  three  times, 
21 


282  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

face  foremost,  once  in  the  name  of  the  Father,  once  in  the 
name  of  the  Son,  and  once  in  the  name  of  the  Holy  Ghost. 
They  believe  this  to  be  in  accordance  with  the  Savior's  teach- 
ing. 

They  enjoin  plainness  in  dress,  and  the  avoidance  of  what  is 
not  essential  to  bodily  comfort.  While  they  admit  that 
religion  does  not  consist  in  dress,  they  consider  the  style  of 
dress  as  an  index  of  the  state  of  the  heart.  Besides,  uniform- 
ity in  dress  tends  to  unite  the  rich  and  the  poor  more 
closely  in  the  bonds  of  Christian  fellowship.  They  are  par- 
ticular in  having  the  men  sit  with  their  heads  uncovered,  and 
the  women  to  keep  theirs  covered,  during  devotional  exercises. 
One  of  their  rules  is  never  to  allow  any  of  their  members  to 
become  chargeable  to  the  public  for  their  support.  They 
have  the  privilege  of  voting  for  public  officers,  but  they  ac- 
cept no  civil  office,  for  several  reasons,  one  of  which  is  that 
they  hold  it  wrong  to  take  or  administer  an  oath.  They  are 
also  averse  to  bearing  arms,  and  to  the  use  of  force  even  in 
self-defense. 

A  Methodist  Episcopal  Church,  [Olive  Branch,]  2 J  miles 
north-east  of  Hagerstown,  was  organized — date  uncertain — 
perhaps  about  the  year  1828.  Among  the  early  members  were 
Joseph  Bowmen,  Samuel  Pollard,  Isaac  Pierce,  Charles  Con- 
away,  and  their  wives,  Joseph  Manifold,  James  Hartup,  Joel 
Bowen,  Jonathan  Shaw.  They  built  a  frame  meeting-house 
perhaps  about  the  year  1837  or  1838,  which  was  destroyed  by 
fire  about  the  year  1839;  and  the  present  brick  house  was 
built  immediately  after.  Allen  Wiley  is  believed  to  have  been 
the  first  preacher.  After  him  w^ere  George  Gatch,  Richard 
Robinson,  Stephen  Beggs,  John  C.  Smith,  Joseph  Tarkington, 
David  Stiver,  Ansel  Beach,  Landy  Havens,  Miltideus  Miller, 
Robert  Burns. 

A  Christian  Church  was  organized  about  the  year  1830,  in 
the  south-east  part  of  the  township.  Among  its  earUest  mem- 
bers were  the  brothers  Jacob,  John,  and  Samuel  Miller,  Mrs. 
Worl,  Mar}^  wife  of  Daniel  Bradbury,  Mahala  Wilcox,  Mar- 
garet Felton.  Their  first  preachers  are  said  to  have  been 
James  and  Robert  Burns,  succeeded  by  Elijah  Martindale, 
Samuel  Miller,  John  Robertson,  Elisha  Ashley;  present  pas- 
tor, James  P.  Dikes.     [It  is  proper  to  state  that  churches  of 


JEFFERSON   TOWNSHIP.  283 

this  order  are  sometimes  distingnisbed  by  the  names  of  Camp- 
belhtes  and  Dis(;iples.  Tbe  churcli  sketched  bekiw  is  said  to 
be  one  of  a  ditt'erent  order,  wiiich  is  said  to  have  originated 
soon  after  the  beginning  of  tlie  j)resent  centnry.] 

The  Christian  Church  in  Hagerstown  was  organized  in 
1867.  Tbe  ministers  officiating  were  Wm.  T.  Warbingtou 
and  James  T.  Lynn.  Of  tbe  fifteen  members  who  joined  at 
the  time  of  its  formation,  were — Wm.  Stonebral^er,  James 
McNeill,  James  AV.  Strode,  Clnirles  Earl,  and  their  wives,  the 
Avife  of  Daniel  AY.  Mason,  the  wife  of  Jacob  Bowman  and 
daughter,  James  Stonebraker,  Jane  Beck.  The}'  worshiped 
in  xMelodeon  Hall  nntil  1869,  when  they  built  their  present 
brick  meeting-house,  corner  of  Washington  and  South  Market 
streets,  at  a  cost  of  about  $12,000.  Present  pastor,  Wm  T. 
Warbington.  Trustees  —  Wm.  Stonebraker,  Archibald  B. 
Kuode,  Morrison  Bcddridge,  Solomon  Aliller,  George  Ilindman. 
Membership  about  150. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  in  Hagerstown  was  formed 
in  the  spring  of  1810.  Present,  John  Sullivan,  preacher.  Of 
those  then  uniting  were — Willis  P.  Davis,  Manlove  L.  Reed, 
Greenbury  Savoy,  Andrew  Pierce,  Thomas  Livingston,  and 
their  wives.  AVitliin  about  one  year  after,  Elijah  Van  Sandt, 
Silas  Ruggles,  Bezaleel  Taylor,  James  Linn,  Joseph  Manifold, 
Thomas  Test,  and  their  wives.  Of  their  preachers  whose 
names  are  remembered,  were  John  Kiger,  John   Sullivan,  M. 

Miller,  Caldwell  Robbins, Davidson.     Present  preacher, 

Roberts.     Their  present  meeting-house,  on  Perry  street, 

north  of  College  street,  was  built  in  184L 

The  Presbyterian  Church  in  Hagerstown  w^as  organized  j^ov. 
20,  1852,  by  Rev.  Robert  Irwin  and  Rev.  R.  B.  Abbott,  pastors 
of  Union  and  Hopewell  churches,  a  conmiittee  appointed  by 
the  Presbytery  of  Muncie.  Among  their  first  members  were 
Parker  Jewett,  David  Robertson,  Washington  Robertson,  and 
their  wives,  Betsey  Sennington,  Maria  Henry,  Elizabeth  Hous- 
ton. John  Shearer  and  David  Robertson  were  chosen  eiders; 
Parker  Jewett  and  Washington  Robertson,  deacons.  Their 
first  minister  was  R.  M.  Overstreet,  for  about  two  years.  His 
successors  have  been  R.  B.  Abbott,  Wm.  Armstrong,  Wm. 
II.  HoUiday,  H.  K.  Kennigh,  II.  M.  Shockley,  George  Long, 
John  H.  Aughey,  S.  S.  Potter,  and  J.  M.  Lawbach. 


284  HISTOEY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Hagerstoion  Academy  was  bnilt  in  1860,  under  the  direction 
of  the  trustees,  Eohert  Gordon,  Charles  Bowers,  and  John 
Zook.  The  cost  of  the  property  was  about  $3,500.  A  new 
and  larger  building  is  in  contemplation.  Scholars  are  advanced 
from  the  primary  department  to  the  highest  grade  of  academ- 
ical instruction. 

First  principal  of  the  graded  school  is  James  McN^eill. 
Board  of  Instructors — Joseph  L.  Logan,  principal ;  Sanford 
Bowman,  teacher  of  the  academic  department ;  Rebecca  Cas- 
tator,  teacher  of  the  intermediate  department;  Sallie  Stober, 
teacher  of  the  primary  department.     Attendance,  about  250. 

The  present  trustees  are  "Wm.  Stonebraker,  Samuel  Study, 
Morrison  Baldridge. 

The  first  Temperance  Society  in  the  township,  and  one  of  the 
earliest  in  the  county,  was  formed  about  the  year  1831,  in  a 
log  school-house  on  the  farm  of  Jonathan  Shaw,  now  owned 
by  Eli  Petty.  Among  its  members  were  Samuel  Taylor,  a 
Baptist  minister,  Joseph  Bowen,  a  Methodist  minister,  Jonathan 
Platts,  Jonathan  Shaw,  Isaac  Pierce,  Thomas  Pierce,  Andrew 
Pierce,  Sarah  Cheeseman,  Joel,  Jeremiah,  and  Wm.  Bowen, 
Sarah  and  David  Platts. 

IhQ^vQVSabbath-school'Ya  the  township  was  taught  in  the  same 
school-house.     It  was  formed  and  conducted  b}^  Joseph  Bowen, 
Jonathan  Platts,  Jonathan  Shaw,  Elizabeth  Pierce,  and  others. 
Biographical  and  Genealogical. 

Samuel  Baldridge,  from  Kentucky,  unmarried,  settled,  in 
January,  1814,  3  miles  east  of  Hagerstown,  now  on  the  turn- 
pike to  Washington ;  built  a  tent,  in  whicb  he  lived  about 
two  years.  He  was,  if  not  the  first  settler,  one  of  the  first  in 
the  township.  He  married  Elizabeth  Rankin,  and  had  eleven 
children:  Mary,  wife  of  James  Bradbury,  and  Rankin,  who 
married  Mary  Wright ;  Washington,  who  married  Mary  Ann 
Manifold,  and  died  in  Harrison — his  widow  lives  in  Jefterson ; 
Morrison,  who  married,  first,  Mary  Ann  Petty  ;  second,  Jose- 
phine Buchanan ;  Catharine,  who  married  Washington  Heagy, 
and  removed  to  Anderson  ;  both  are  dead  ;"Sophronia,  wife  of 
Augustus  Weaver;  Kelson,  who  died  at  20,  in  California; 
Steel,  married ;  he  and  wife  both  dead ;  Elizabeth,  first,  and 
Cynthia  Ann,  second,  married  John  M.  Bohrer,  now  com- 
mission merchant,  St.  Paul.     Amanda,  who  died  in  infancy. 


JEFFERSON   TOWNSHIP.  285 

Henry  Beitzell,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  removed  from 
Fayette  count}",  Indiana,  to  Ilag-erstown,  in  1846.  In  1851 
lie  was  elected  to  the  office  of  conntj'  recorder,  since  which 
time  he  has  resided  in  Centerville.  His  son,  Marcellns,  is  a 
hardware  merchant  in  Centerville. 

Joseph  Bowen  was  born  in  Delaware,  March  25,  1777,  and 
was  married  in  Maryland  to  Savilla  Evans.  He  removed  in 
1822  from  Lebanon,  0.,  to  what  is  now  Jefferson  township, 
li-  miles  east  of  HagerstoAvn,  where  he  died  in  1863  ;  his 
wife  ill  1842.  Their  children  were:  1.  John,  who  married, 
first,  jSTancy  ^Morgan,  dangliter  of  Charles  Morgan;  second, 
Jemima  Howell ;  and  lives  3  miles  north-east  of  town.  2. 
Joel,  who  married  Nancy  Oler,  and  died  on  the  homestead  of 
his  father.  He  was  a  Methodist  preacher.  3.  Jeremiah,  who 
married  Louisiana  Cunningham,  of  Henry  county.  Both 
died  in  Delaware  collnt3^  He  also  was  a  Methodist  preaclier. 
4.  Sarah,  married  David,  son  of  Jonathan  Phitts,  and  died 
about  1835.  He  now  resides  in  Virginia.  His  son  Benjamin 
was  captured  by  EebcLs,  and  died  in  Libby  prison.  5.  Will- 
iam C.  married  Priscilla  Schenck,  and  settled  where  he  now 
resides,  in  the  north-east  part  of  Jefferson  township.  He  has 
been  for  many  years,  and  is  now,  a  Methodist  preacher.  A 
few  years  since  he  was  a  representative  from  this  county  in 
the  legislature.  He  has  four  daughters:  Mary  Elizabeth, 
who  married  Prof.  Levi  Ault,  teacher,  at  Farmland ;  Sarah 
J.,  wife  of  George  Bunch,  lieutenant  in  the  army,  and  served 
during  the  war;  Alice  C,  and  ]\Iartha  K.  B.  6.  Joseph  A. 
married,  first,  Rebecca,  a  daughter  of  John  Peelle ;  second, 

.     He  is  now  a  merchant  at  Whitewater.     7.  Jane, 

who  married  Parker  Jewett,  and  lives  in  Ilagerstown. 

Benjamin  Boavman  was  born  in  Blair  county,  Pa.,  and  re- 
moved, at  the  age  of  18  years,  with  his  father  to  Montgom- 
ery county,  O.;  thence,  in  1822,  to  Jackson,  Wayne  county, 
a  mile  and  a  half  north  of  Cambridge  City;  and  thence  to 
Delaware  county,  where  he  died  at  the  age  of  73  years.  He 
had  Ix'en  a  minister  of  the  German  Baptist  church  4*J  years. 
Two  of  his  children  still  reside  in  this  county  ;  David,  near 
Hagerstown,  and  Solomon,  3>y  miles  north  of  Cambridge  City. 


288  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

David  Bowman,  son  of  Benjamin  Bowman,  was  born  in 
Montgomery  county,  O.,  March  26,  1812;  removed  with  his 
father  to  Jackson  township  at  the  age  of  10  years.  He  was 
miarried  December  5,  1833,  to  Ruth  Bell,  who  was  born  July 
10,  1814;  removed  in  1838  to  Henry  count}^,  and  thence  to 
Jefferson  township,  near  Hagerstown,  where  he  now  resides. 
He  was  for  several  years  a  justice  of  the  peace,  before  his 
connection  with  the  church  to  which  he  belongs ;  since  which 
time  he  has,  in  conformity  with  the  rules  of  that  society, 
refused  to  accept  a  civil  office.  He  has,  however,  during 
his  residence  in  Henry  and  Wayne  counties,  settled  many 
estates  under  the  appointment  of  the  courts.  He  united  with 
the  German  Baptist  church  in  Jefferson  township,  in  1857, 
and  has  been  for  nine  years  one  of  its  preachers.  He  had 
eleven  children:  Abraham,  who  died  in  infancy;  Elias,  who 
married  and  lives  atMillville,  Henry  county;  i^ehemiah,  who 
died  at  19 ;  Solomon,  who  died  in  infancy ;  John  and  Ben- 
jamin, married,  and  live  in  the  township;  David,  who  died  in 
the  army  in  Texas,  JSTovember  3,  1865 ;  ]^ancy,  who  married 
Lewis  W.  Teeter,  and  lives  in  the  township ;  Sanford,  Mary 
A.,  and  Ithamar. 

I^EHEMiAH  Cheeseman,  SOU  of  Rlchard  W.  Cheesemau,  of 
Center,  settled,  in  183-1,  in  the  township  of  Dalton,  then  the 
west  part  of  Perry ;  and,  in  1858,  removed  to  Hagerstown, 
where  he  was  for  a  number  of  years  extensively  engaged  in 
milling.  In  1868  he  erected  the  hotel  building,  kept  for  a 
time  by  himself,  and  kuown  as  the  "  Cheeseman  House."  He 
is  now  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business.  His  children  are 
Richard  C,  who  married  Sarah  Thoruburg,  and  lives  in  Dal- 
ton township  ;  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Wm.  Thoruburg,  in  Perry, 
Iowa;  David,  who  married  Lizzie  JS'ewcomb;  and  Thomas, 
who  lives  in  San  Francisco,  andVvorks  in  the  mint. 

John  Mason,  was  born  in  Susquehanna  county,  Penu.,  May 
9,  1786.  While  young,  he  removed  with  his  parents  to  Ken- 
tucky;  and  at  the  age  of  about  19,  he  went  to  Montgomery 
county,  Ohio,  where  he  was  married  to  Barbara  CruU,  in  1807. 
About  the  year  1818,  he  removed  with  his  family  to  Washing- 
ton township,  Wayne  Co.,  Ind.  In  1822,  he  settled  in  Jeffer- 
son, then  an  ahnost  unbroken  forest,  where  he  shared  the 
usual  hardships  and  privations  of  pioneer  life.     His  second 


1  ■ 


JEFFERSON    TOWNSHIP.  287 

dwolliug,  a  two-story  hewn  log  lioiise,  is  now  owned  and  occu- 
pied by  Charles  Gwynn  as  a  residence.  In  February,  1840, 
having  sold  his  farm  to  Abraham  Kinsey,  he  removed  to 
Jackson,  2h  miles  north  from  Dublin.  In  March,  1854,  he 
removed  to  Clay,  Miami  Co.,  Ind.,  where,  at  the  age  ot  68,  he 
again  entered  the  woods  with  the  ardor  of  a  young  man.  In 
1858,  he  had  a  spell  of  severe  sickness  of  four  weeks,  during 
lifty-six  hours  of  which  time,  he  was  in  a  kind  of  trance,  mak- 
ing it  difficult  for  even  his  physicians  to  tell  whetlier  he  was 
dead  or  alive.  In  1865,  his  children  having  all  loft  him,  he 
rented  his  farm,  and  himself  and  wife  made  their  home  with  a 
daughter,  Sarah  Cunningham,  where  he  died  March  3,  1870, 
having  walked  about  the  room,  a  few  minutes  before  his  death. 
He  died  in  his  84th  year,  and  was  buried  on  a  bank  of  Deer 
creek,  8  miles  south  of  Peru.  About  the  year  1849  or  1850, 
he  became  a  member  of  the  German  Baptist  churcli,  and  con- 
tinued his  connection  with  that  organization  until  his  death. 
His  wife  was  born  in  Penn.,  Oct.  22, 1790.  She  has  been  con- 
nected with  that  denomination  of  Cliristians  from  her  youth  to 
the  [)resent  time.  For  the  last  three  years  she  has  been  almost 
entirely  blind.  Air.  Mason  had  fourteen  children  who  were 
all  married  :  1.  Elizabeth^  who  was  married  to  Robert  Felton 
in  Jefferson,  where  she  died.  2.  Magdalene,  to  Gabriel  Hunt- 
zinger,  and  died  in  Jackson.  3.  Samuel,  to  Sarah  Roush,  and 
died  in  Jefferson.  4.  Hannah,  to  David  Weaver,  and  resides 
in  Miami  Co.  5.  David,  to  Mary  Brumbaugh,  and  resides  in 
Marion,  Grant  Co.  6.  Catharine,  to  Samuel  W.  Farr,  and 
died  in  Blackford  Co.  7.  Jacob,  to  Louisa  GAvynn,and  resides 
in  Jefferson.  8.  John  C,  to  Mahala  Coleman  in  Grant  Co., 
and  resides  in  Miami  Co.  9.  Sarah  J.,  to  Samuel  Rhodes  in 
Jackson ;  and  since  her  husband's  death,  she  removed  with 
her  parents  to  Miami  Co.,  where  she  was  married  to  Andrew 
Cunningham,  and  resides  there.  10.  William  J.,  to  Sarah 
Ilumburd,  in  Jackson.  11.  Michael  S.,  to  Aima  Coleman,  in 
Grant  Co.,  and  resides  there.  12.  Daniel  W.,  to  Matilda  E. 
Murray;  is  a  lawyer  in  Hagerstown,  and  at  present  prosecut- 
ing attorne}^  for  the  Wayne  criminal  circuit  court  13.  J^ncinda^ 
to  Henry  Clark,  in  Miami  Co.,  and  resides  tliere.  14.  George 
W.,  in  Miami  Co.,  to  Nancy  Clymer,  who  died  soon  after  mar- 


288  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

riage.  He  then  married  Mary  Holden  in  Jackson  township, 
and  now  residesat  Sandwich,  Canada  West. 

Isaac  Pierce  was  born  in  Virginia,  March  25, 1785,  and  was 
married  to  Elizabeth  Anderson,  who  was  born  June  5,  1782. 
He  removed  thence  to  this  county;  and  after  a  year's  residence 
at  Economy,  settled  in  Jefferson  township,  where  his  son  Isaac 
A.  Pierce  now  lives,  IJ  miles  north  of  Hagerstown.  His  chief 
object  in  coming  north  was  to  get  away  from  slavery;  and  he 
brought  with  him  two  slaves  to  emancipate  them.  He  was 
early  enlisted  in  the  temperance  cause,  and  was  perhaps  the 
first  person  in  the  township  to  dispense  with  liquor  at  log  roll- 
ings. His  neighbors  on  being  informed  of  his  intention,  told 
him  they  would  not  come  to  assist  him.  On  making  known 
his  condition  to  two  or  three  friends  at  a  distance,  they  advised 
him  to  adhere  to  his  purpose,  and  came  with  their  teams  to  his 
relief.  His  neighbors  seeing  the  work  going  on  successfully 
without  their  help,  yielded,  and  joined  the  company  in  the 
afternoon.  Mr.  P.  afterward  joined  the  Olive  Branch  church. 
He  had  six  children,  five  sons  and  a  daughter,  all  of  whom 
were  married,  as  follows:  Thomas  was  married  to  jSTancy 
Hursh,  in  Missouri,  whither  he  went  in  1831;  Andrew,  to 
Eanny  Brown,  and  lives  in  Henry  Co.;  Sarah,  to  jSTehemiah 
Cheeseman,  living  in  town;  Henry,  to  Mary  Mendenhall,  and 
lives  in  Iowa ;  Ezra  to  Sarah  T.  Cheeseman,  and  died  in  Kan- 
sas; Isaac  A.,  to  Fanny  Pollard  and  resides  on  the  homestead 
of  his  father. 

Moses  Robertson  was  born  in  Virginia,  March  3, 1788.  His 
parents  died  when  he  was  quite  young.  After  one  year's  serv- 
ice in  the  war  of  1812,  he  removed  to  Indiana  in  1813,  and 
settled  near  Jacksonburg,  in  the  present  township  of  Harrison. 
He  joined  the  Christian  church  in  1815.  About  1820,  he  re- 
moved to  Henry  county.  In  1857,  he  sold  his  farm,  and 
removed  to  Hagerstown,  where  his  wife  died  July  27,  1861, 
aged  72  years.  After  the  organization  of  the  Christian  church 
in  Hagerstown,  he  became  a  member.  He  is  said  to  have 
^been  "a  liberal  Christian,  both  in  views  and  means;"  exem- 
plary in  his  deportment,  and  faithful  in  the  discharge  of  social 
and  domestic  duties.  •  He  died  in  Hagerstown,  Nov.  11,  1808, 
in  his  81st  year. 


NEW    GARDEN    TOWNSHIP.  289 

Adam  Stonebraker  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1781,  re- 
moved to  Ohio  in  1804,  and  settled  in  1821  one  mile  south  of 
Hagerstown,  in  the  wilderness,  there  being  but  a  few  families 
in  the  township.  lie  resided  here  until  his  death,  in  1870. 
He  had  served  under  Gen.  Harrison  in  the  year  1813,  in  the 
last  war  with  Great  Britain;  and  had  been  for  25  years  pre- 
vious to  his  death  a  member  of  the  Christian  Chureh  at 
Mount  Pleasant.  He  married  Catharine  Herald,  and  after 
her  death,  Magdelena  Smith.  He  had  nine  children  :  1. 
John,  who  resides  at  Blountsville.  2.  George,  who  married 
Jane  Brown,  and  settled,  in  18-30,  near  his  father,  and  died  in 
1850,  aged  45  years,  leaving  four  sons,  AVilliam,  James,  John, 
and  Joseph.  James  resides  in  Huntington  Co. ;  the  other 
three  in  Hagerstown,  all  engaged  in  mercantile  business.  3 
James,  at  Smithiield.  4.  Abraham,  at  Blountsville.  5.  Isaac, 
Hagerstown.  6.  Sarah  S.,  wife  of  Wm.  Felton,  Blounts- 
ville. 7.  Bettic  (deceased),  first,  the  wife  of  J.  Burkett,  after- 
ward, of Leliop.  8.  Tena,  wife  of  F.  Waller,  Blounts- 
ville.    9.  Martha,  wife  of  M.  Switser,  Cambridge  City. 

John  Ulrich,  Sen.,  settled  in  1823  on  JSTettle  creek,  below 
Test's  woolen  factory,  having  purchased  a  large  portion  of 
the  land  below  to  Hagerstown.  His  sons  were  Daniel,  who 
resides  in  Halton  township;  John,  who  settled  on  the  farm 
now  owned  by  Andress  S.  Wiggins,  one  mile  north-west  of 
town,  and  died  about  ten  years  ago ;  David,  who  succeeded 
to  his  father's  farm,  which  he  recently  sold,  and  removed  to 
Illinois  ;  Jacob,  who  removed  to  Kansas  and  died  there.  He 
had  two  daughters  :  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Abraham  Teeter ;  and 
Christina,  wife  of  Zachariah  Albaugh.  John,  son  of  John, 
Jun.,  owns  the  mills  above  town. 

NE\Y  GARDEN   TOWNSHIP. 

This  township,  originally  including  the  present  township 
of  Franklin,  was  one  of  the  six  townships  into  which  the 
county  was  divided  in  1817.  It  is  bounded  on  the  east  by 
Franklin  township,  south  by  Wayne  and  Center,  west  by 
Green,  north  by  Randolph  county.  Its  length,  north  and 
south,  is  7  miles;  its  breadth,  about  3^   miles,   containing 


290  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

about  26  square  miles.  Its  principal  stream  is  Poland's  Fork, 
which  enters  it  from  the  north,  near  its  north-east  corner, 
and  leaves  it  near  its  south-west  corner. 

Who  was  the  first  settler  in  this  township  is  uncertain. 
John  Turner,  from  'N.  C,  is  supposed  to  have  settled  as  early 
as  1809  or  1810,  on  the  farm  lately  owned  by  his  son  Robert, 
in  the  south-east  part  of  the  township.  Others  suppose  there 
was  no  earlier  settler  than  Jonathan  Marine,  on  the  farm 
where  his  son  Billy  Marine  now  lives,  1|  miles  south  of  jSTew- 
port.  Jonathan  Hough,  from  iT.  C,  settled  near  where  N'ew- 
port  now  is,  having  bought  the  lands  on  wdiich  his  sons  Hiram 
and  Moses,  and  Thomas  Pierson  reside.  George  Shugart, 
from  ]^.  C,  bought  at  the  same  time,  adjoining  Hough's,  the 
land  on  which  J^ewport  stands.  He  removed  to  Grant  Co., 
where  he  died.  His  son  George  resides  three-fourths  of  a 
mile  north-east  of  town.  About  the  same  time,  James 
D Wiggins,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Howell  Grave  and  Rob- 
ert Preston.  Joseph  Dwiggins,  from  ]N".  C,  where  Wm. 
Hampton  lives.  Beuj.  Thomas,  in  1811,  where  his  son  Eli 
lives.  John,  brother  of  Benjamin,  in  1811  or  1812,  where 
Elias  Baldwin  now  lives.  Stephen  Thomas,  from  S.  C.,  about 
1812,  on  land  now  owned  by  Charles  Thomas.     Isaac  Thomas, 

about  1814,  on  land  now  owned  by Herrington.    Thomas 

Knight,  where  Clark  Benson  lives.  John  James,  early,  on 
land  afterward  owned  by  John  Huff,  now  by  Isaac  Thomas 
and  Daniel  Huff*. 

In  the  south- icest  part  o'f  the  township,  Edward  and  Thomas 
Baldwin,  from  ^.  C,  and  later,  Edward  Bond,  settled  on  the 
corner  section  now  owned  by  Jesse  and  Levi  Bond,  Pleasant 
Unthank,  and  Nathan  Puckett.  Wm.  Jessup,  on  land  now 
owned  but  not  occupied  by  Samuel  Dwiggins.  Isaac  Jessup, 
born  in  Va.,  married  in  JST.  C,  removed  to  Ohio  in  1808,  to 
Wayne  in  1812,  and  in  1816  to  New  Garden,  near  Dover; 
died  in  1842,  where  his  son  Jehu  lives.  Mark  Peelle,  from 
N.  C,  on  land  now  owned  by  Henry  Jay.  Andrew  Hamp- 
ton, on  land  now  owned  by  Isaac  Votaw.  John  Scott,  where 
now  Addison  Harris  resides.  John  Baldwin,  from  N.  C,  on 
land  now  owned  by  John  AI.  Hodson  and  Daniel  Jarrett; 
afterward  at  other  places.    Daniel  Crampton,  probably,  where 


NEW    GARDEN    TOWNSHIP.  291 

now  S.  J.  Cramptoii  lives.  Isaac  Williams,  from  jST.  C, 
where  Levi  Peacock  lives,  east  side  of  the  creek;  who  also 
owns  on  the  west  side.  Bcuj.  Thomas,  2d,  on  the  land  where 
the  wndow  of  Wm.  Fulghum  resides;  afterward  removed  to 
where  his  widow  now^  lives.  Thomas  Bond,  from  IST.  C,  set- 
tled near  Dover  about  1813.  Thomas  Bond,  Jun.,  in  1836, 
settled  2  miles  w^est  from  Dover,  in  Green,  where  he  died  in 
1861,  aged  61.  His  son  Lindley  now  lives  in  Wayne.  Joseph 
Bond,  from  IST.  C,  came  in  1811,  and  died  in  1840.  Levi,  his 
son,  lives  in  Dover. 

In  the  south-cast  part,  Frank  Swain  settled  where  AVm.  C. 
Jeffries  owms.  Abraham  Hampton  on  land  now  owaied  by 
James  Weeks.  Jacob  Hampton,  on  land  now^  owned  by  Na- 
than Hodgins.  Howell  Grave,  where  now  Amasa  Jenkins, 
son-in-law  of  Luke  Thomas,  lives.  Hampton  Brown,  from 
Ohio,  settled  and  died  where  Thomas  J.  Carlisle  lately  owned, 
now  Quincy  Baldwin.  James  Massey,  from  ^.  C,  where 
John  Turner  settled,  and  at  the  same  time. 

South  of  Newport,  Obadiah  Harris,  Sen.,  from  N.  C,  in 
1811 ;  later,  Cader  Woodward  settled  wdiere  his  son  Luke 
Woodward  resides.  Obadiah  Harris,  son  of  Obadiah,  Sen., 
settled  south  of  his  father,  and  later,  where  David  ^Qgg 
lives.  Both  father  and  son  sold  out  and  removed  to  Ran- 
dolph count3^  Francis  Thomas,  from  N.  C,  bought  a 
large  tract,  wdiich  passed  to  his  sons,  Luke,  John,  Francis 
W.,  Isaac,  and  Clarkson,  who  resides  on  the  homestead. 
Benj.  Thomas  settled  where  his  wddow  and  son  Tommy 
Thomas  reside.  Josiali  Woodward  (perhaps  not  tirst),  where 
now  Cornelius  J.  Woodward  and  John  Eeece  reside,  on 
Franklin  line.  Benj.  Thomas,  Sen.,  N.  C,  where  Eli  Thomas 
resides. 

In  the  north-east  part,  Samuel  Charles,  from  IST.  C,  settled, 
about  1820,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Henry  Moorman  and 
Amos  diaries.  John  Peelle,  from  N.  C,  on  the  land  now 
owned  by  Abraham  Brower.  John  Fisher,  from  N.  C, 
where  Eli  Alusser  resides.  Jonathan  VVillcutts,  from  S.  C,  on 
laud  now  owned  by  Willis  Thornton.  William  Peelle,  on 
land  lately  owned  by  David  Bailey.  John  Longfellow,  about 
1813  or  1814,  on  or  near  the  cast  line  of  the  township.     He 


292  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

died  about  two  years  ago,  at  the  age  of  nearly  100  years. 
Malachi  Moon,  about  1818  or  1814;  land  owned  by  Jehu 
Boren.  Hiram  Bailey,  from  Ohio,  on  towusliip  north  line ; 
still  owns  the  land.  John  Barnes,  from  S.  C,  w^est  of  and 
adjoining  Bailey,  and  still  resides  there. 

In  the  north-ivest  part,  James  Moorman,  from  S.  C,  bought  a 
part  of  section  22,  which  he  still  owns,  and  other  farms  ;  is  now 
a  banker  at  Winchester.  Stephen  Williams,  on  land  now 
owned  by  Wm.  W.  Lacy.  John  D.  Robinson  (not  flr.-t  set- 
tler), on  land  now  owned  b}^  Michael  Keever.  Edward  Pierce, 
from  N.  C,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  Edward  Pierce,  his 
son,  and  Jonathan  Willcutts  and  John  F,  Cranor.  Wm. 
Lacy,  from  S.  C,  where  he  still  resides ;  served  in  the  war  of 
1812.  John  Lacy,  on  the  quarter  now  owned  by  Jonathan 
Willcutts  and  J.  Haisley.  Elias  Stillwell  (not  first),  on  land 
now  owned  by  Lewis  Jeffrey,  Joel  Jeffrey,  from  X.  J.,  about 
1820,  on  land  now  owned  by  Carey  Farmer,  Samuel  M. 
Boyd,  on  land  now  or  lately  OAvned  by  Philip  Veuard  and  I. 
P.  Woodward.  Jacob  Cook,  from  JST.  C,  on  land  now  owned 
by  James  Brittan  Samuel  Horner,  from  J^.  J.,  settled  early 
where  Henry  Balster  lives.  Jediah  Price,  from  K,  C,  and 
his  brother  Thomas,  on  the  quarter  now  owned  by  Thomas 
Price  and  AYm.  Hough. 

Thomas  AVillcutts,  from  S.  C,  settled  1^  miles  north  of 
Newport,  on  the  quarter  now  owned  by  Charles  Whippo. 
Matthew  Allman,  from  N.  C,  on  land  now  owned  by  Samuel 
Dwiggins.  Elijah  Thomas,  from  Carolina,  on  land  lately 
owned  by  Amiel  Hunt.  John  and  Henry  Henley,  where  they 
reside,  on  the  east  line  of  the  township,  2  miles  north-east  of 
Newport.  Daniel  Thomas,  son  of  Elijah  Thomas,  settled 
where  John  Benson,  George  Shugart,  and  Amiel  Hunt's 
heirs  now  own.  Joseph  Woody,  from  N.  C,  on  land  bought 
of  Stephen  Thomas,  now  owned  by  Robert  Dwiggins. 

In  the  ivest  part,  Job  Jeffrey,  from  N,  J,,  bought  two  quar- 
ters ;  the  land  now  owned  by  his  son  John,  on  the  homestead, 

and  other  heirs. Potter,  from  IST,  J,,  on  land  now  owned 

by  his  heirs.  Jesse  Haisle}',  from  N.  C,  on  land  now  or 
lately  owned  by  I.  Williams.  Harmon  Clark,  from  S.  C, 
owned  the  land  now  owned  by  Christopher  Williams.     Sam- 


NEW    GARDEN    TOWNSHIP.  293 

nel  Pitts,  Sen.,  on  west  line  of  township,  where  he  still  re- 
sides. Job  Coggcshall,  from  N.  C,  settled  on  land  now  owned 
b_y  his  sons  Melvin  and  Lafe.  John  Potter,  from  N.  J.,  on 
the  quarter  noAV  owned  by  John  Barr  and  Stephen  W.  Teas. 
Caleb  Cowgill,  probably  not  a  first  settler,  where  his  son 
Caleb  lives,  near  town.  Ira  Hunt,  where  Eli  Teagle  resides. 
Jesse  JluH',  from  ]Sr.  C,  2h  miles  south-west  from  town, 
where  Abraham  Harris  lives.  Nathan  Jessup,  where  now 
Elisha  Parker  and  Jonathan  Haisley  o^vn.  Tristram  Cogge- 
shall,  N.  C,  on  land  now  owned  by  his  son  John.  Daniel 
Baldwin,  from  N.  C,  father  of  Charles,  John,  Daniel  and 
Thomas,  where  Samuel  Dwiggins  lives.  (?)  Charles  Baldwin, 
from  N".  C,  Avhere  now  M.  K.  Miller  resides.  Josiah  Land:), 
from  IST.  C,  where  Jacob  Williams  lives. 

Wra.  M.  Clark,  a  native  ot  N.  C,  settled,  in  1823,  2h  miles 
north  of  i^ewport,  and  about  three  years  later  removed  to 
the  south  i)art  of  the  township  on  land  now  occupied  by 
Sarah  Harris,  where  he  died  about  1848,  aged  56.  George 
Harris,  from  jST.  C,  settled  in  the  township  about  1830,  and 
died  many  years  ago.  His  son,  AYillis  L.,  lives  3  miles  north 
of  Centerville. 

The  first  Grist-mill  was  built  by  George  Shugart,  Sen.,  about 
the  year  1815.  Isaac  and  Jesse  Reynolds  and  Eli  Osborn,  at  a 
later  date,  built  a  steam  grist-mill,  which,  about  twenty-five 
years  after,  w^as  destroyed  by  fire.  About  20  to  25  years  ago, 
Job  Reynolds  built  a  grist-mill  on  the  site  of  Israel  Hough's 
old  saw-mill.  Israel  Hough  built  his  saio-mill  about  1815  or 
1816,  1  mile  from  I^ewport.  About  three  miles  below,  John 
Baldwin,  Benj,  Thomas,  and  others  built  a  saw-mill.  A 
grist-mill  was  added,  and  run  by  a  tread  mill  in  a  dry  time. 
All  have  been  discontinued,  and  there  is  now  a  steam  saw- 
mill, owned  by  Jenkins  brothers.  Elijah  Thomas  built  a  saw- 
mill lialf  a  mile  above  iN'ewport,  over  forty  ^^ears  ago,  where 
a  mill  has  been  kept  running  until  a  late  date.  William 
Hough,  about  twenty  years  ago,  built  his  saw-mill  which  is 
still  in  operation.  A  steam  saw-mill  was  built  in  1870,  near 
the  railroad,  by  Elias  Bahlwin  and  his  son  Nathan. 

jSTathan  Smith  built  a  Carding  31achine  at  Newport,  turned 
by  a  horse  tread  mill,  about  the  year  1822  or  1823.     A  card- 


294  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

ing  macliine  and  fulling-mill  were  built  by  Reynolds  &  Os- 
born  at  tlieir  steam  grist-mill. 

Jonathan  Hough  was  the  first  Blacksmith  in  the  township; 
Wm.  Macy,  probably,  the  next.  The  present  are,  Archibald 
Colby,  Wm.  Burkhart,  Wm.  Bush,  Pascal  "Wadkins. 

Daniel  Jones  was  the  first  Wagon-maker.  Wm.  Hough, 
who  had  worked  for  Jones,  was  the  next.  Joel  Parker,  from 
N.  C,  came  in  1830,  and  carried  on  the  business  several  years. 
Present  wagon-makers  are  Martin  Lamb,  Henry  Clark,  and 
Daniel  Huft'  in  partnership,  and  Wm.  R.  Williams.  Car- 
riage-makers, Daniel  Hufi'  and  Lindsay  Osborn,  in  partner- 
ship. 

Charles  Gordon  was  probably  the  first  Saddler  and  Harness- 
maker;  and  Elam  Unthank,  who  served  under  him,  the  next. 
The  present  are  John  Keys  and  his  son  Charles. 

Solomon  Thomas  was  the  first  Ca.hinet-maker  in  ]Srewport. 
Harvey  Davis,  an  appentice  or  journeyman  of  his,  succeeded 
him,  and  still  occupies  the  same  ground.  John  Hough  worked 
at  the  business  out  of  town  about  the  time  Thomas  com- 
menced, and  perhaps  earlier.  He  afterward  worked  awhile 
in  town.  Naturally  ingenious,  he  took  up  the  business  of 
manufacturing  clocks,  which  he  carried  on  for  several  years. 

The  first  Tannery  was  established  by  Micajah  Weesner,  2 
miles  south  of  Newport,  about  the  year  1820.  Another, 
some  later,  by  Daniel  Puckett,  at  Newport ;  afterward  carried 
on  by  Barnabas  Hunt,  and  for  a  time  by  Harmon  Clark,  and 
discontinued. 

The  first  Merchant  was  Solomon  Thomas,  about  1818;  the 

next, Kelsey,  who  soon  died.     After  him  there  was  none 

for  several  years.  About  the  year  1825,  Levi  Coflin  and  Dr. 
Henry  H.  Way  commenced  trade  in  partnership.  Their  early 
successors  are  not  remembered.  The  following  named  per- 
sons are  known  to  have  traded  in  Newport  between  1839  and 
1845,  inclusive,  for  one  or  more  years:  J.  &  J.  Unthank, 
Evans  &  Hunt,  Cofliu  &  Parker,  Joel  Parker,  Aquila  Jones 
&  Son,  Jesse  Reynolds,  P.  F.  Needham,  Levi  Cofiin.  Joel 
Parker  commenced  trade  in  1837,  and  has  continued  in  the 
business  nearly  all  the  time,  either  alone,  or  in  partnership 
with  Levi  Cofiin,  Dr.  Nathan  Stanton,  Solomon  Woody,  Wm. 


NEW    GARDEN    TOWNSHIP.  295 

Hill,  and  Elwood  Parker;  and,  with  Amos  K.  Hallowell,  be- 
loni^s  to  the  present  firm  of  John  Weeks  &  Co.  Also,  Eohert 
B.  iiuff;  Wni.  Hill,  and  Solomon  Woody— firm,  Huff,  Ilill  & 
Wood_y — are  merchants  in  Xewyiort. 

The  first  Physicians  yvero.  Henry  II.  Way  and  Jesse  A.  Vagg, 
who  came  about  1820  or  1821,  perhaps  a  little  later;  pre- 
viously to  which  time  the  inhabitants  were  served  by  Dr. 
Warner,  of  Richmond.  Among  the  later  physicians  have 
been  Nathan  Stanton,  Potts  Brothers,  and  Samnel  W.  Pur- 
viance.  Drs.  John  Harris  and  Timothy  W.  Taylor  are  the 
present  phj'sicians. 

The  first  School  was  kept  in  the  Friends'  log  meeting-house. 
David  James,  son  of  John  James,  and  Mary  Pegg,  taught  in 
that  house.  Near  it  a  log  school-house  was  built,  and  Charles 
Baldwin  was  one  of  the  first,  if  not  the  first,  who  taught  in 
it.  A  select  school,  under  the  direction  of  the  Friends,  has 
been  kept  up  from  an  early  day,  with  the  exception  of  a  few 
brief  intervals,  to  the  present  time,  either  near  their  brick 
meeting-house  or  in  the  town.  The  present  principal  is 
Allen  Tyrrell. 

The  earliest  -Religious  Society  in  the  township  was  that  of 
the  Friends,  who,  in  1814  or  1815,  built  a  log  meeting-house, 
the  first  in  the  tow^nship,  on  the  site  of  their  present  brick 
house.  It  was  warmed  in  a  rather  novel  manner.  A  large 
box  was  filled  with  dirt,  on  which  was  made  a  fire  of  char- 
coal. A  frame  house  was  built  about  the  year  1820,  and 
about  1858  the  present  brick  liousc.  The  first  meeting  was 
established  about  the  time  the  log  house  was  built,  and  sub- 
sequently both  a  monthly  and  a  quarterl}^  meeting.  Among 
their  preachers  have  been  the  following,  most  of  them  resi- 
dents of  the  township :  John  Hunt,  Elizabeth  Bond,  Daniel 
Pockett,  Thomas  Frazier,  of  Cherry  Grove,  Francis  Thomas, 
Jeremiah  Hubbard,  Wm.  Hobbs.  Zeri  Hough  and  his  wife, 
Luke  Woodward,  Sarah  B.  Woodw^ard,  wife  of  Cornelius  J. 
Woodward,  and  Eliza  Hodson,  are  present  preachers. 

A  Friends'  meeting  was  also  formed  at  Newport,  about 
1830,  which  is  still  continued. 

A  meeting  was  also  formed  in  1821,  at  Dover,  in  the  south- 
west corner  of  the  township.     It  was  composed  of  the  fam- 


296  HTSTOKY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Hies  of  Thomas,  Joseph,  and  Samuel  Bond.  Walter  Roberts, 
Nathan  Hawkins,  and  others,  in  all  about  twelve  families. 

Still  another  meeting  w^as  organized,  about  3  miles  north  of 
Dover,  on  the  township  west  line,  date  of  organization  not 
ascertained.  All  the  meetings  mentioned  are  still  main- 
tained. 

At  an  early  period  of  the  antislaver^^  excitement,  the 
peace  of  the  old  society  was  disturbed,  by  the  propagation  of 
the  sentiments  of  the  radical  or  "ultra"  abolitionists.  The 
dissension  resulted  in  a  separation  in  1843.  The  parties, 
however,  have  long  been  reunited. 

The  Methodist  Episcojicd  Church  is  said  to  have  been  formed 
in  1815,  by  Elder  Wm.  Holman.  He  was  probably  not  a  min- 
ister in  charge,  as  the  conference  that  j^ear  assigned  Wm.  Hunt 
to  Whitewater  circuit.  ISTames  of  members  of  the  class  at 
and  soon  after  its  formation,  given  by  one  of  their  number,  are 
James  Dwiggins,  leader,  and  Mary,  his  wife,  Joseph  W.Dwig- 
gins,  John  Peelle  and  Pennina,  his  wife,  Ephraim  Bowen  and 
Hannah,  his  wife,  ISTancy  Bowen,  Malachi  Moon  and  Mary,  his 
wife,  Samuel  Henderson,  and  Lydia,  his  wife,  Joseph  Hender- 
son and  wife,  James  Loven  and  Sally,  his  wMfe.  They  held 
meetings  many  years  in  a  hewed  log-house  built  on  the  land  of 
James  Dwiggins,  a  mile  north-east  of  ITewport.  They  after- 
ward sold  their  house  to  the  African  Methodists,  and  built 
their  present  house  in  town.  Among  their  preachers  are  said 
to  have  been  John  P.  Durbin, Lawrence,  Elijah  Whit- 
ten,  and  Amos  Sparks;  but  neither  do  their  names  appear 
among  those  appointed  to  Whitewater  circuit. 

The  Wesley  an  Methodists  organized  in  1842  or  1843.  The 
society  was  formed  chiefly  or  wholly  composed  of  the  more 
radical  antislavery  members  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal 
church,  at  the  time  of  the  abolition  excitement.  Among  their 
number  were  Harvey  Davis  and  Eunice,  his  wife,  Joseph  and 
Hannah  Curtis,  Josiah  Bell  and  wnfe,  Eli  and  Molly  Morgan, 
Jediah  and  Maria  Price,  Elam  Unthank,  Griflin  Davis,  Michael 
and  Henrietta  Keever,  Wm.  K  Williams.  Their  first  circuit 
preacher  was  Mifflin  Harker,  who  has  been  succeeded  by 
Daniel  Worth,  Alex.  Haywood,  Emsley  Brookshire,  Aaron 
Worth,  Alfred  Hiatt,  George  Rogers,  Enoch   Morris,  Lewis 


NEW    GAEDEN    TOWNSHIP.  297 

Beckford,  J.  W.  Johnson,  Elijah  Cote,  John  L.  Falls,  E.  Cote, 
present  minister. 

The  African  Methodist  JEpiscopal  Church  has  existed  some 
thirty  years,  more  or  less.  They  bought  of  the  Methodists 
their  hewed  log-house,  and  moved  it,  in  pieces,  about  halfway 
to  N"ewport. 

A  Baptist  Church  was  formed  in  the  north-east  part  of  the 
township.  The  date  of  its  organization  and  the  names  of  its 
early  members  have  not  been  ascertained.  It  has  ceased  to 
exist. 

The  first  marriage  in  the  township  was  that  of  Joseph  Eat- 
cliff  and  Sarah  Shugart,  daughter  of  George  Shugart,  Jan.  4, 
1816. 

Joseph  Curtis,  Joseph  Morrow,  and  Thomas  Stanton  have 
been  representatives  in  the  state  legislature. 

About  the  year  1830,  the  Temperance  reform  commenced  in 
this  township.  Liquor  had  been  to  some  extent  introduced 
here.  Its  etiects  having  become  serious,  the  friends  of  temper- 
ance joined  in  efitbrts  to  arrest  the  progress  of  the  evil.  A 
society  was  formed;  the  pledge  was  circulated,  and  a  number 
of  inebriates  were  reclaimed.  Among  the  early  and  active 
friends  of  the  cause  were  Dr.  Henry  II.  Way,  Eleazar  Iliatt, 
Thomas  Frazier,  Benj.  Thomas,  Levi  Cofiiu,  Daniel  Puckett, 
George  Shugart,  Sen.,  John  Shugart,  Wm.  Hough,  Luke 
Thomas,  Josiah  Unthank,  and  others.  After  j'ears  of  persist- 
ent effort  the  evil  w^as  removed.  For  nearly  forty  years  there 
has  been  no  retailer  of  liquors  in  the  tow^i.  This  is  believed 
by  some  to  have  been  the  first  temperance  society  in  AV'ayne 
county. 

An  antislavery  paper,  called  the  Protectionist,  was  started  at 
]^ewport  about  the  year  1840,  edited  by  Arnold  Buffum,  of 
New  England.  Another  paper,  called  Free  Labor  Advocate 
avd  Antislavery  Chronicle,  was  afterward  established  by  Dr. 
Way  and  Benj.  Stanton.  Both  were  continued  for  some  time, 
when  Bufium  discontinued  his,  and  the  other  was  kejif  up 
several  years.  Also,  a  Jree  labor  store  was  established  in  jS'ew- 
port,  in  which  the  products  of  slave  labor  were  not  kc]it  for 
sale, 

John   Turner,  James  Morrisson,  and  Benj.   Harris   settled 


298  .  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

early  3  or  4  miles  south-east  of  Newport.  Morrisson  removed 
to  Green  township,  where,  while  in  company  with  a  man 
named  Henry  Way,  both  were  killed  by  lightning. 

A  citizen  of  Newport  related  to  the  writer  the  following : 
Jesse  Gray  and  Joshua  Addington  attempted  to  take  the  life 
of  an  Indian  traveling  peacefully  along  the  road.  Both  aimed 
at  him  with  their  guns;  but  in  the  act  of  shooting,  Adding- 
ton's  gun  missed  fire.  The  other  took  effect,  and  the  Indian 
was  supposed  to  be  mortally  wounded.  He  was  taken  by 
George  Shugart  to  his  own  house,  and  the  next  day  by  Shugart 
and  his  son  to  an  Indian  camp  on  Green's  Fork.  The  Indian 
recovered.  The  Indians  were  pacitied  by  the  gift  of  a  horse, 
saddle,  and  bridle.  Another  version  of  the  affair  differs  from 
this  in  a  few  minor  particulars. 

At  the  time  of  the  Indian  alarms  during  the  war  of  1812, 
the  inhabitants  of  the  township,  like  those  of  other  settle- 
ments, fled  for  safety  to  the  vicinity  of  Richmond  and  other 
places.  Only  George  Shugart  and  Obadiah  Harris,  Sen.,  it  is 
said,  remained  in  the  settlement,  and  were  unmolested. 

The  Town  of  Newport  was  laid  off  September  5,  1818,  by 
Solomon  Thomas  and  liedden  Chance.  An  addition  was  made 
by  Harvey  Davis,  in  1830 ;  one  by  Wm.  Hough,  in  1832 ;  and 
another  by  Robert  Green,  in  1844.  The  town  was  incorporated 
in  September,  1844. 

JSew  Garden  Lodge,  No.  337, 1.  0.  0.  F.,  was  organized  Dec. 
1,  1869.  The  Charter  members  were  Joseph  H.  Conner,  Abra- 
ham Brower,  Henry  H,  Bogue,  Levi'C.  Huff,  Edward  W. 
Bailey.  .First  officers — Joseph  H.  Conner,  N.  G. ;  Henry  H. 
Bogue,  V.  G. ;  Levi  C.  Huff,  R.  S.;  Edward  W.  Bailey,  P.  S.; 
Charles  H.  Keys,  Treasurer. 

New  Garden  Lodge,  No.  439,  F.  A.  M.,  was  organized  in 
1869,  under  dispensation,  and  chartered  May  23,  1871.  Of- 
ficers— J.  C.  Grave,  Master;  Riley  Shugart,  Senior  Warden; 
Lewis  Jeffrey,  Junior  Warden;  Isaac  Lovin,  Sen.  Deacon; 
Aaron  Lamb,  Jun.  Deacon;  James  Jennings,  Sec. ;  Thomas 
M.  Bennett,  Treas. ;  Robert  M.  Clark,  Tyler. 


I^^?ffcl« 


.v^-^ 


I 


NEW    GARDEN   TOWNSHIP.  299 

BiograjMcal  and  Genealogical. 

Jonathan  Hough  was  born  in  IsTorth  Carolina,  April  6, 1784, 
and  was  married,  in  1804,  to  Gulielma  Hutchins,  who  was 
born  in  Virginia,  Oct.  18,  1703.  He  removed  to  this  county 
with  his  wife  and  four  children,  and  settled  near  where  Xew- 
port  now  stands,  in  November,  1811.  On  the  land  he  bought, 
his  sons  Hiram  and  Moses,  and  Thomas  Pierson  now  reside, 
on  the  south  side  of  the  town.  He  died  Sept.  27,  1867  ;  his 
wife.  May  2,  1859.  This  whole  family,  it  is  believed,  have 
had  a  life-long  connection  with  the  society  of  Friends.  There 
were  ten  children  :  1.  William.  [Sk.]  2.  Thomas,  was  mar- 
ried, and  died  at  the  age  of  28.  3.  Israel  was  married  to 
Lydia  Woodward,  and  died  in  1850,  aged  42.  4.  Hireim  mar- 
ried, first,  to  Anna  Hubbard,  and  after  her  death,  to  Sarah 
T.  Jones,  widow  of  Saranel  Jones,  of  Waynesville,  Ohio. 
5.  Mary,  unmarried,  died  in  1836,  aged  23.  6.  Lyclia,  mar- 
ried to  Levi  Jessup,  in  1838,  and  died  the  same  year,  aged  23. 
7.  Zeri,  married  to  Miriam  Hubbard.  8.  Moses,  to  P.  Wood- 
ward. 9.  Susannah,  to  S.  Teas  in  1852,  and  died  in  1855. 
10.  Gulielma,  married  to  John  Benson.  All  the  surviving 
children,  William,  Hiram,  Zeri,  Moses,  and  Gulielma,  reside 
at  or  near  Il^ewport,  and  the  other  five  died  at  or  in  the  vicin- 
ity of  the  same  place. 

William  Hough  was  born  in  Surry  Co.,  JST.  C,  August  12, 
1805,  and  removed  with  his  father,  Jonathan  Hough,  to  where 
Newport  now  is,  in  1811.  He  was  married  in  1826  to  Katy  Huff. 
He  worked  for  many  years  at  wagon-making,  blacksmithing, 
and  other  business.  During  the  last  20  years  or  more,  he  has 
been  on  his  farm  adjacent  to  the  town.  He  is  a  member  of 
the  society  of  Friends  ;  and  was  an  early  friend  and  supporter 
of  the  temperance  and  antislavery  causes.  He  had  six  children. 
Daniel,  who  married  Tbeophana  Hopkins.  Lydia,  who 
married  Elias  Baldwin,  of  New  Garden.  Jane,  who  married 
Levi  C.  Harris,  of  Cincinnati,  where  she  died.  Emily,  who 
^was  married,  and  is  deceased.  Mary,  who  married  Joseph 
Goddard.  Elizabeth,  who  married  Ashley  Johnson,  and  re- 
sides in  Monrovia,  Lid.  The  wife  of  Wm.  Hough  died  in 
1863,  and  in  1869,  he  married  a  second  wife. 


300  HISTOEY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

John  Peelle  was  born  in  Wayne  Co.,  ]^.  C,  March  27,  1791. 
He  married,  March  6,  1815,  Pennina  Pate,  who  was  born 
August  25,1795,  In  1815,  he  settled  in  Randolph  county; 
and  in  1817  in  !N"ew  (xarden,  near  where  I^ewport  now  is.  In 
1855,  he  removed  to  Centerville  where  he  now  resides.  Both 
himself  and  wife,  formerly  Friends,  joined  the  Methodist 
Episcopal  church  ;  and  in  after  years  returned  to  the  society 
of  their  early  choice.  They  had  twelve  children,  all  of  whom 
attained  the  age  of  majority  :  William  T.,  who  married  Sallie 
C.  Jeffrey,  and  died  in  Randolph  Co. ;  Celia,  who  married 
Jonathan  Clevinger,  and  also  died  in  Randolph  Co. ;  Hiram, 
who  married  Ann  Maria  Jeffrey,  and  resides  in  St.  Anthon}^ 
Minn.;  James,  who  married  Mary  Clements,  and  resides  in 
Stark  Co. ;  Harriet,  who  married  Josiah  Bogue,  and  lives  in 
l^ew  Garden  ;  John,  who  married  Lydia  Price,  and  lives  in 
Centerville;  Pasco,  who  died  unmarried;  Jane,  who  married 
Jesse  Morris,  and  died  in  Stark  Co.;  Rebecca,  who  married 
Joseph  A.  Bowen,  now  a  merchant  at  Whitewater;  Calvin, 
who  married  Nora  Keifter,  and  resides  in  Cincinnati ;  Sallie  C, 
who  married  Reuben  N'ewbern,  and  died  at  Centerville;  Mary 
Ellen,  who  married  John  Pierce,  a  Methodist  preacher. 

George  Shugart  was  born  in  I^orth  darolina,  where  he  was 
married  to  Mary  Davis  ;  and  in  1811,  came  to  this  county,  and 
settled  on  the  quarter  section  on  which  the  town  of  Newport 
now  stands.  As  were  most  of  the  early  settlers  in  this  town- 
ship, he  was  a  member  of  the  society  of  Friends.  He  lived 
many  years  where  he  first  settled,  and  removed  to  Grant  Co., 
where  he  died.  He  had  nine  children  :  1.  John,  who 
married  Sarah  Ratlift".  2.  Sarah,  who  married,  first,  Joseph 
Ratliff;  second,  David,  son  of  Obadiali  Harris,  2d.  3.  Mary, 
who  married  Thomas  Harris.  John,  Sarah,  and  Mary  died 
in  Grant  Co.  4.  Tamar,  who  married  Simeon  Cox,  and  died 
in  Randolph  Co.  5.  George,  who  resides  near  Newport.  [Sk.] 
6.  Zachariah,  who  married  Susanna,  daughter  of  Obadiah 
Harris,  2d,  and  lives  in  Tama  Co.,  low^a.  7.  Isaiah,  who  mar- 
ried Ehzabeth,  daughter  of  Jesse  Hough  ;  both  died  near  New- 
port. 8.  Catharine,  who  married,  first,  Daniel,  son  of  Jesse 
Hough;  second,  Daniel  Charles,  in  Green.  9.  Gulielma,  who 
married  Nathan  Coggeshall,  and  removed  to  Grant  Co. 


NEW    GARDEN    TOWNSHIP.  301 

George  Shugart,  son  of  George  Shngart,  the  subject  of  the 
foregoing'  sketch,  was  born  in  July,  1804,  and  came,  when  a 
boy,  with  his  father  to  this  township.  He  was  married  to 
Ruth,  daugliter  of  Jonathan  Marine,  and  resides  about  three- 
fourths  of  a  mile  north-east  of  Newport.  He  has  ever  been  an 
esteemed  member  of  the  society  of  Friends.  He  has  had 
eleven  children,  namely  :  Luzena,  who  died  in  her  7th  year, 
Riley,  Ireiia,  Jonathan,  Jane,  Angelina,  Charles,  Thomas  C, 
"William,  Hannah,  Ruth  Ann. 

Thomas  Family. — Probably  no  other  head  of  a  family,  with 
perhaps  a  single  exception,  ever  came  to  this  county  Avhose 
descendants  outnumber  those  of  John  Thomas.  It  appears 
from  the  following  genealogical  sketch,  that  this  family  has 
contributed  largely  to  the  population  of  another  county  of 
this  state ;  and,  we  doubt  not,  to  the  better  class  of  its  citi- 
zens. 

John  Thomas,  of  South  Carolina,  came  to  this  county  in 
1812  or  1813,  not  so  much,  probably,  with  a  view  to  becoming 
a  settler  as  to  see  the  country  and  visit  his  children,  who  had 
settled  in  IsTew  Garden.  He  stopped  at  Richmond,  where  he 
was  taken  sick,  and  in  a  few  months  died.  Of  his  nine  chil- 
dren, all  but  one  came  to  this  county.  They  were  Isaac,  John, 
Elijah,  Mar}',  Stephen,  Francis,  Christiana,  Benjamin,  and 
Sarah.  All  were  married,  as  follows:  1.  Isaac  married 
Rachel  Knight.  Their  children  were  Solomon,  now  residing 
in  Grant  co.;  Betty,  wife  of  Wm.  Way,  died  in  Wisconsin; 
Molly, wife  of  Eli  Moorman,  died  in  the  township;  Achsah, 
wife  of  Henry  Hill,  died  in  Randoplpli  co. ;  Rachel,  who 
married  Elijah  Cox,  and  died  in  Randolph  co. ;  John,  who  lives 
in  Grant  co. ;  Anna,  who  married,  Urst,  Asa  Jessnp,  second, 
Samuel  Pitts,  and  lives  in  Green.  2.  Ju/ui  married  Lydia 
Sneed,  and  had  nine  children,  all  married  :  Polly,  who  was 
married  to  Eli  Overman,  and  lives  in  Grant  co.  ;  Jesse  to 
Hannah  Cox,  both  dead  ;  Anna  to  Aaron  ^lorris,  and  died  in 
Grant  co. ;  Hannah,  to  Richard  Jones,  now  in  AVabash  co. ; 
Lydia,  to  John  Pierson,  in  AYabash  co. ;  Henley,  to  Polly 
Hunt,  removed  west ;  Iluldah,  to  Levi  Pierson;  both  died  in 
Grant  co. ;  iSToah,  to  Betsey  Overman,  now  in  Miami  co.; 
William,  twin  brother  of  Noah,  to Addiugton,  and  after 


302  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

her  death,  to  Mrs.  Jesse  Harvey,  sister  of  Noah's  wife.  3. 
Mary,  dauo^hter  of  John  Thomas,  Sen.,  married  Moses  Men- 
denhall,  in  N".  C,  and  never  removed  to  this  state.  They  had 
six  children,  all  of  whom  but  one  came  to  this  county  :  Mary, 
who  died  in  Carolina,  unmarried  ;  Francis,  who  was  married 
to Albertson,  of  Franklin,  both  dead ;  Alice,  to  Alex- 
ander Beauchamp,  in  (Carolina,  where  he  died ;  and  here,  to 
Nathan  Jessnp,  and  died  in  Henry  co. ;  Rebecca,  to  Matthew 

Beauchamp ;  both  died  in  Grant  co. ;  Dinah,  to i^pi'i^y, 

and  removed  to  Ohio;  both  dead  :  Moses,  to  Margery  Buck- 
Ingham,  and  died  in  Randolph  co.  4.  Elijah  married  Susanna 
Sneed,  and  died  in  Cass  co.,  Mich.  ;  she  in  Grant  co.  They 
had  thirteen  children,  as  follows:  Daniel,  who  married 
Rachel  Way,  and  removed  to  Grant  co.,  where  she  died;  and 
he  married  and  lost,  in  Randolph  co.,  a  second  wife,  and  lives 
at  Bloomingsport;  Mary,  married,  and  lives  in  Howard  co.  ; 
Simeon,  who  married  twice,  and  died  in  Michigan;  Samuel, 
who  died  in  Grant  co. ;  Milton,  who  resides  in  Grant  co. ; 
Henley,  who  lives  in  Iowa ;  Sneed,  who  married  Miriam  Lamb, 
and  after  her  death,  Sarah  Arnold,  and  lives  in  Howard  co. ; 
Isaac,  who  married  in  Grant  co.  and  removed  thence ;  John, 
who  lives  in  Iowa ;  Susannah,  in  Grant  co.  Three  children 
of  Elijah  Thomas  died  young.  5.  Stephen  married  Hannah 
Mendenhall  ;  both  died  in  New  Garden.  Their  children 
were  :  Mary,  who  was  married  to  Thomas  Hobson,  and  died 
in  Grant  co.  ;  whence  he  removed  to  Iowa,  and  married 
again ;  Sarah,  to  Lewis  Moorman,  and  died  in  Grant  co. ; 
Celia,  to  Isaac  Schooley,  and  resides  in  Grant  co. ;  Charles,  to 
Nancy  Moorman,  and  after  her  death,  to  Isabel  Maxwell ; 
Nancy,  to  David  Little,  and  died  in  Randolph  co. ;  and  he, 
after  her  death,  to  Mary  Cox,  of  Wayne  township;  Lydia,  to 
Thomas  Baldwin,  Fairmount,  Grant  co. ;  Daniel,  to  Eleanor 
Nevvby,  and  lives  in  Grant  co. ;  Ann,  who  died  at  25,  unmar- 
ried; Cam,  who  married  Priscilla  Crampton,  removed  to 
Iowa,  and  married  a  second  time.  6.  i^ra^cis,  married  Lydia 
Woodward.  [Sk.]  7.  Christiana  married  Thomas  Knight, 
and  died  in  Grant  co. ;  both  deceased.  Their  children  were  : 
John,  who  was  married  to  Phebe  Jessup,  and  after  her  death 
was  married  again;  all  died  in  the  county;  Benjamin,  to 
Anna  Bogue  ;  lives  in  Iowa,  and  is  married  the  third  time ; 


v«%  ^- 


(S^^2^^e-^5:<^  eyA^ 


^ 


a-f^z 


NEW    GARDEN    TOWNSHIP.  303 

Solomon,  to  Mary  Winslow,  and  resides  in  Grant  co. ;  Betsey, 
to  Nathan  Pnckett ;  Jimmy,  to  liachel  Willcutts,  and  re- 
moved to  Grant  co. ;  Racliel  to  Exam  Newby,  and  lives  in 
Iowa  ;  Sarah  died  unmarried  ;  Manoah  was  married  to  Betsey 
Willcutts,  and  died  in  Grant  co.,  where  she  resides;  Samuel, 
to  Jane  Votaw,  and  died  in  Iowa,  where  she  resides;  Iluth  to 
Harmon  Pitts  ;  Beulah,  to  Aaron  Iloli'man,  in  Indianapolis, 
both  deceased.  8.  Bemjioiiui  wiis  married  to  Anna  Moorman, 
and  had  twelve  children,  nearly  all  married:  Guliolma,  to 
Jesse  Bogue,  and  died  in  Grant  co. ;  he  lives  in  Iowa;  Betty, 
to  Cyrus  Puckett,an(l  lives  in  Illinois,  where  he  died  ;  Nathan, 
to  Caroline  Dig-gs,  second,  to  Ann  Keynolds,  and  died  in  the 
township;  Hannah,  who  died  unmarried;  George,  who  was 
married  to  Asmath  Hill,  and  lives  in  111.  ;  Mary,  to  Wm. 
Peacock,  and  lives  in  Randolph  co.  ;  Clarkey,  to  John  Wright 
Jackson;  Benjamin,  to  Penina  Howell,  and  died  in  Plorida  ; 
Aclisah,  who  died  unmarried ;  Anna  was  married  to  Eli 
Hayworth  ;  they  live  in  Florida  ;  Rath  died  at  about  14  ; 
Eli,  unmarried,  lives  with  Achsah  on  the  liomestead.  9. 
Sarah  married  Charles  Baldwin.  Their  children,  besides  one 
that  died  in  infancy,  were  Susanna,  who  was  married  to 
Jesse  Dillon  ;  both  died  in  Grant  co.;  Thomas,  to  Celia  Will- 
cutts, removed  to  Grant  co.  and  married  again;  Mary,  to 
Lancaster  Bell,  and  is  in  Iowa;  Lindsey,  to  Mary  Osborn, 
and  died  in  Grant  co.,  where  she  lives  ;  John,  who  went  to 
Grant  co.,  married,  and  removed  to  Iowa,  and  since  to  Kan- 
sas ;  Ahira,  to Newby,  and  lives  in  Kansas  ;  Jane,   to 

Stanlield,  in  Grant  co.,  and  lives  in  Iowa,  where  he  died  ; 

Abigail,  to  Joseph  Peacock,  in  Grant  co. ;  second,  to  Nathan 
Morris,  and  lives  in  Tennessee  ;  Quincy,  tirst,  to  Gay  ;  second, 

to  Elizabeth  Pike;  Sarah,  to Stanlield,  removed  to  Iowa  ; 

Charles,  to Knight,  and  lives  in  Iowa. 

All  the  sons  of  John  Thoiias  and  their  wives  lived  to  see 
their  large  families  raised.  The  j'oungest  of  them  died  at 
GO,  and  the  oldest  at  91.  None  were  twice  married  ;  yet  none 
had  less  than  nine  children.  John  Thomas  was  born  Feb. 
19,  1781  ;  died  Sept.  23,  1806.  The  number  of  his  grand- 
cliildren  was  83. 

Francis  Thomas,  a  son  of  John  Thomas,  from  South  Caro- 
lina to  New  Garden  in  1811.     He  not  only  encountered  the 


304  HISTORY   OP    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

unavoidable  hardships  of  pioneer  life  ia  general,  and  among 
others,  that  of  going  on  horseback  thirty  miles  to  get  bread- 
stuft',  but  was  obliged,  with  others,  to  flee  for  safety  during  the 
Indian  troubles.  Notwithstanding  his  fear  of  attacks  from 
Indians,  he  held  his  peace  principles  too  dear  not  to  be  pre- 
served at  any  hazard,  even  of  life.  He  took  the  lock  from  his 
gun,  and  hid  the  gun  at  a  distance  from  his  house,  lest,  in  case 
of  an  attack,  he  might  be  tempted  to  harm  the  Indians. 
Farming  was  his  favorite  and  chosen  occupation.  But,  being 
naturally  ingenious,  he  turned  his  hand  occasionally  to  the 
diiFerent  trades  of  carpenter,  cabinet-maker,  cooper,  shoe- 
maker, and  blacksmith.  He  made  an  early  profession  of 
religion ;  and  his  well-known  honesty  and  love  of  peace  gave 
him  great  influence  as  a  peacemaker  in  the  church  aud  com- 
munity. He  was  liberal  and  charitable;  and  was  during  life 
a  member  of  the  society  of  Friends.  He  was  married  to  Lydia 
Woodward,  and  had  eight  children :  1.  Mary,  who  was  mar- 
ried, first,  to  Ahira  Ballard;  second,  to  Eli  Hadley,  and  lives 
in  Clinton  Co.  2.  Luke,  to  Mildred  Fulghum.  3.  Sarah,  to 
Joseph  Hubbard,  and  died  here;  he  lives  in  Missouri.  4. 
Absellit,  to  Rollin  Green ;  settled  in  Clinton  Co.,  and  died  in 
1871.  5.  John,  to  Smithy  N"ewsora,  and  lives  at  Azalia,  Ind. 
6.  Francis  W.,  to  Rebecca  Corbitt,  and  lives  in  Henry  Co.  7. 
Lydia,  to  Joseph  B.  Mills,  and  died  in  Hamilton  Co. ;  he 
resides  at  Xenia,  Ind.  8.  Isaac,  to  Mahala  Hadley.  9.  Clark- 
son,  to  Sarah  Jane  Pitts,  and  lives  on  the  homestead. 


PERRY  TOWNSHIP. 

Perry  was  one  of  the  six  townships  into  which  the  county 
was  divided  after  the  adoption  of  the  state  constitution.  It 
was  in  the  north-west  corner  of  the  county.  By  the  formation 
of  Halton  and  other  townshi[)S,  its  area  has  been  reduced  to 
about  18  square  miles,  about  one-third  of  its  original  size. 
Like  other  portions  of  the  Twelve  Mile  Purchase,  it  had  few 
inhabitants  until  after  the  close  of  the  war  of  1812. 

Of  the  early  settlers,  the  greater  portion  were  from  Tenn., 


PERRY    TOWNSHIP.  305 

thonsrh  most  of  these  were  probably  natives  of  N.  C,  and 
Friends. 

Richard  Williams,  from  Tenu.,  settled,  Dec,  1814,  one-fourth 
of  a  mile  west  of  town,  where  his  son  John  M.  Williams  lives. 
He  had  other  sons,  William,  Alfred,  Elam,  and  Millikin,  who 
reside  in  Westville.  Robert  Canaday,  from  Tenn.,  settled  near 
Economy  in  1814,  and  died  there  in  1836  or  1837.  He  had 
two  sons,  Joshua  and  Thomas.  Henry  and  Moses  Mills,  from 
Tenn.,  settled  in  1815  on  the  present  sitQ  of  Economy.  Henry 
sold  to  Elihu  Swain  and  Wm.  Locke,  who,  in  1818  or  1819, 
sold  to  Charles  Osborn,  who  laid  out  the  town.  Of  the  quarter 
section  on  which  the  town  stands,  those  portions  which  lie 
outside  of  the  town,  are  owned  by  John  Osborn,  Thomas  B. 
and  John  M.Williams, Wm.  Clark,  and  Samuel  L.  McDonald. 
Elihu  and  Samuel  Swain,  fi'om  Tenn.,  settled  on  land  now 
owned  by  the  heirs  of  Elihu  Swain,  Jun.  Elihu  Swain  and  a 
son,  Ira,  reside  in  town.  Miles  Marshall,  from  Tenn.,  settled 
on  Green's  Fork,  near  Washington;  returned  south  in  Janu- 
ary, 1813,  and  after  the  war  of  1812,  came  back,  and  settled, 
about  1815,  near  Economy ;  removed  ten  or  twelve  years  ago 
to  Iowa,  and  died  there  about  1867  or  1868.  John  Canaday, 
brother  of  Robert,  settled,  about  1816,  south  side  of  tlie  town ; 
land  now  owned  by  Jesse  H.  Greenstreet,  Jonathan  B.  Clark, 
and  Philip  Replogle,  lately  by  Wm.  Lewis.  Wm.  Blount, 
from  Pa.  to  Ky.,  in  1800,  and  thence,  in  1805,  to  Wayne  town- 
ship, and  about  the  year  1814  to  Perr\%  a  mile  west  of  Economy, 
on  land  north  of  Macy's,  on  which  Jesse  Willetts  afterward 
settled,  now^  owned  by  Edwin  P.  and  Julia  Thornburg,  and 
Thomas  J.Cook.  Several  of  Blount's  sons  removed  to  Henry 
Co.,  and  laid  out  the  town  of  Blountsville.  The  father  re- 
moved about  1830  to  Delaware  Co.  Thomas  Gallon,  Ky.,  set- 
tled IJ  miles  south-west  of  town,  on  land  now  owned  by 
George  Comer,  lately  by  J.  Ilartup.  James  Warren,  from 
Tenn.,  on  land  now  owned  by  Elvan  Thornburg.  Jonathan 
Macy,  from  Tenn.,  next  north  of  Warren ;  he  was  an  early 
justice  and  a  merchant.  The  lands  settled  by  Robert  Canaday 
and  Miles  Marshall,  in  or  about  the  year  1814  and  1815,  are 
said  to  be  those  now  owned  by  Lindsey  Canaday,  John  A. 
Shepard,  Matilda,  widow  of  Jonathan  B.  Macy,  and  others. 


306  HISTOEY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Jesse  Baldwin,  probably  a  Carolinian,  from  Ky.  to  Perry,  is 
said  to  have  built  the  tirst  house  on  the  land  now  owned  by 
Matilda  Macy,  Though  a  Quaker,  he  had  the  honor  of  being 
an  acquaintance  of  the  famed  Daniel  Boone.  Boyd  Williams, 
brother  of  Eichard,  settled  about  1816,  where  Jonathan  Brown 
lives,  a  mile  west  of  town.  Thomas  Stanford,  from  Ohio, 
about  a  mile  westerly  from  town,  on  land  sold  to  John  Under- 
bill, where  his  son  Jesse  P.  Underbill  lives. 

In  the  south-east  corner  of  the  township,  Thomas  Lamb,  from 
N.  C,  about  1812  or  1813,  and  John  Bailey,  and  a  few  years 
later,  Wm.  Elliott,  of  Tenn.,  Joseph  Luce,  and  Job  Ratcliff, 
settled  on  sections  9  and  10,  which  are  now,  or  were  lately 
owmed  by  Adam  Oler,  Stephen  Cox,  Elam  and  Caleb  Menden- 
hall,  Allen  and  Wm.  S.  Lamb,  and  Lewis  S.  Cranor.  Wm. 
Starbuck,  from  'N.  C,  on  land  now  owned  by  Martin  and  Milo 
Lamb  and  Jesse  Stevens.  Azariah  and  Hezekiah  Williams, 
from  Tenn.;  on  land  now  owned  by  Widow  Cain,  Perry 
Hurst,  and  James  M.  Atkinson.  Charles  Williams,  Tenn.; 
afterward,  1830,  Philip  Robbins ;  present  owners,  his  sous, 
George  W.  and  Daniel  B.  Kobbins.  John  Cain,  where  now 
Milo  Lamb  resides. 

In  the  south-ivest  part  of  the  township,  Hezekiah  Manning, 
from  Conn.,  settled  where  George  Manning  lives.  Abraham 
Lennington,  from  Pa.,  about  1815,  oh  land  now  owned  by 
Stephen  Pierce,  Richard  Smith,  Jacob  Wilson,  Samuel  Cromer, 
Daniel  Whitesell.  John  Hart,  from  Ky.,  on  land  now  owned 
by  Solomon  Mendenhall.  Jonathan  Adamson,  from  Tenn., 
on  land  now  owned  by  Pleasant  M.  Adamson  and  Nicholas 
Shaw.  Solomon  Hodson,  where  Isaiah  H.  Hale  owns.  James 
Hartup,  from  0.,  present  owner,  David  Petty.  Jason  Howell, 
about  1816;  laud  now  owned  by  Henry  P.  Cain.  Abel  Pe\Y, 
about  1816,  on  land  now  owned  by  the  heirs  of  Daniel 
Shaw. 

In  the  west  and  north-ivest  part  of  the  township,  Jesse  Green- 
street,  a  Carolinian,  from  Ky.,  about  1815,  settled  on  the  town- 
ship west  line,  where  Obed  Williams  resides ;  Moses  Gilraore, 
on  land  now  owned  by  Wm.  Mendenhall;  John  Gwinn,  in 
1815,  where  now  his  son  Pleasant  Gwinn  lives.  Walter  Thorn- 
burg,  from  Tenn.,  where  Eli  B.  Barnard  resides.     Richard  and 


PERRY    TOWSNHIP.  307 

Daniel  Mills, from  N.  C.  in  1804,  and  from  Ohio  in  1816,  on  lands 
now  owned  by  Wilson  Pierce,  Isaac  B.  Underbill,  and  Josef)b 
L.  Wood.  Miles  Marshall,  of  Tenn.,  and  Thomas  Carr,  of  O., 
on  lands  now  owned  by  John  M,  and  Merchant  B.  Williams 
and  Jonathan  Brewer.  Thomas  Carr  also  owned  land  where 
the  heirs  of  Kichard  Pugh  reside.  David  Osborn,  a  Carolinian, 
from  0.,  in  1816,  settled  on  land  now  owned  by  John  X.  Dean, 
lately  by  Tliomas  B.  Williams.  John  Jordan,  who  had  set- 
tled in  1810  in  what  is  now  Boston  township,  removed  in  1815 
to  the  north-west  corner  section  of  this  townsliip,  where  he 
died.  The  entire  section,  a  part  of  which  was  recently  owned 
by  T.  D.  Barnett,  is  now  owned  by  his  son  Wm.  Jordan  and 
his  sons  John  W.  and  George  !M.,  and  by  John  P.  Jordan, 
nephew  of  Wm.  Jordan.  About  the  year  1815,  Wm.  Fife  and 
his  son-in-law,  Jonathan  Thornburg,  of  Tenn.,  and  Amy  Hall, 
settled  where  Jonathan  Thornburg  lives,  on  the  township  north 
line.  In  1816,  George  Hobson,  from  Tenn.,  on  land  now 
owned  by  Charity  Gwinn  and  Jonathan  Brewer. 

In  the  north-cad  part  of  the  township  Joseph  Jackson  set- 
tled early,  and  later,  Allen  Jndd,  whore  now  James  Hatchins 
and  G.  W.  Scantland  reside.  Josiah  Johnson,  where  Ilezekiah 
Hutchins  lives.  Henry  Alulliuex,  where  A.  W.  Hoggatt  re- 
sides. Isaiah  Osborn,  about  1828,  where  Edmund  Osborn 
lives.  Thomas  Marshall,  about  1818,  where  his  grandson 
Thomas  Marshall  now  resides.  Thomas  Cox,  where  E.  Bias 
resides.  Reuben  Macy,  from  iST.  C,  on  lauds  now  owned  by 
John  Charles  and  John  Banks.  Samuel  and  Elihu  Swain, 
from  Tenn.  in  1815,  on  land  now  owned  by  the  heirs  of  Elihu 
Swain,  Jun.  Isaac  Mills,  Jesse  Jones,  Uriah  Barnett,  and 
Wm.  Locke,  were  early  owners  of  the  land  afterward  owned 
principally  by  Alva  J.  Macy,  now  by  his  widow,  Mar}'  Macy. 

Baldridge,  later  David   Maulsby,   settled    on   land   now 

owned  by  Harvey  and  John  Lamb.  Elihu  Swain,  Jun.,  after- 
ward AVm.  Maulsby,  where  Henry  HoUingsworth  now  lives. 

In  the  cast  part  of  the  township  the  following-named  persons 
settled:  John  Davis,  from  Tenn.,  who,  about  1819,  sold  to 
Ilezekiah  Hutchins;  land  now  owned  by  Wm.  Ballengcr. 
Fentou  Riley,  where  Jesse  B.  AVilliams  lives.  Josiah  Johnson, 
afterward  Anderson  Moore,  on  land  lately  owned  by  Henry  B. 


308  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Hinshaw  and  Samuel  Moore,  now  by  Samuel  McDonald. 
Henry  MuUinex,  later  Zacbariah  Hodson,  where  Daniel  M. 
Hiatt  lives.  George  D.  MePherson,  on  land  now  owned  by 
Wm.  Starbuck.     Benj.  and  John  Elmore,  from  Tenn.,  a  mile 

south-east  of  town  ;  land  now  owned  by Burgess,  Temple 

Edwards,  and  others. 

Robert  Canady,  in  1819,  built  a  Saw-mill  half  a  mile  from 
Economy,  on  Martindale's  creek,  (so  named  from  John  Martin- 
dale,  an  early  settler  on  the  stream,)  Abel  Lomax,  master- 
builder.  By  repairs  and  rebuilding  a  mill  has  been  kept 
there  until  the  present  time ;  present  owner,  John  A.  Shepard. 
An  oil-mill  was  built  at  the  same  place  as  early  as  1830;  pro- 
prietors, Richard  Williams,  Wm.  Barnard,  and  Matthew  Will- 
iams, and  was  run  six  or  seven  years.  About  the  year  1827,  a 
grist-mill  was  started  by  Daniel  and  Richard  Mills  and  Thomas 
Cox,  a  mile  below  town,  and  was  run  about  ten  years.  A 
steam  grist-mill  and  saio-mill  were  built  at  Economy  about  the 
year  1830,  by  Nathan  Proctor,  and  run  about  five  years.  John 
and  Larkin  Maulsby  built,  in  1849,  a  steam  saw-mill,  and  after- 
ward added  a  corn-cracker.     They  were  run  but  a  few  years. 

A  Car  ding -machine,  propelled  by  an  inclined  plane  horse- 
power, was  built  by  Reuben  Macy,  about  1829,  and  was  in 
operation  about  four  or  five  years. 

A  steam  Planing-mill  was  built  in  town,  in  1867,  by  Elam 
Osborn  and  Henry  Beard,  and  a  saw- mill  was  attached  in  1870. 

Wm.  Locke  and  Jonathan  Macy  are  named  as  the  earliest 
Merchants  in  the  township.  Locke  kept  his  store  where  he 
first  settled,  IJ  miles  north-east  of  where  Economy  now  is. 
Much  of  his  trade  was  in  deer-skins,  raccoon  skins,  rags,  gin- 
seng, pork,  &c.  Macy,  who  had  settled  a  mile  south-west  of 
town,  kept  a  small  stock 'of  goods.  Walter  Thornburg  and 
his  son-in-law,  Moses  Mills,  in  partnership,  afterward  estab- 
lished below  the  hill,  on  the  north-west  side  of  town,  a  store 
which  was  continued  by  them  there  for  several  years,  and, 
after  the  death  of  Mills,  by  Thornburg  and  his  son  John.  The 
first  store  in  town  was  kept  by  Matthew  Williams.  He  had 
been  for  a  short  time  a  competitor  of  Thornburg,  and  prefer- 
ring a  location  on  the  hill,  removed  his  goods  to  a  hewed  log 
building  on  the  corner  where  Daniel  B.  Robbins  now  trades. 


PERRY    TOWNSHIP.  309 

After  about  two  years  he  was  succeeded,  in  the  same  building, 
by  Jonathan  Macy,  about  the  year  1828.  Jolin  Thornburg, 
soon  after,  removed  from  "below  the  hill,"  to  the  house  on 
the  corner  opposite,  now  owned  and  occupied  by  the  Chirks  as 
a  store,  which  he  had  built  for  that  purpose.  He  is  known  to 
have  traded  in  Economy  as  late  as  1843.  Ilinshaw  &  Coffin, 
[Wra.  II.  Hinshaw  and  Barnabas  Coffin,]  traded  as  early  as 
1840,  and  Ilinshaw  alone  for  many  years  afterward.  Maulsby 
&  Robbins  commenced  as  early  as  1845.  AYm.  Clark,  from  N. 
C,  in  1860,  bought  an  interest  in  the  store  of  Barnabas  Coffin 
and  Thomas  El  wood  Clark,  son  of  Wm.  Clark.  In  1863,  Coffin 
left,  and  went  to  Indianapolis.  Present  merchants — Daniel  B. 
Robbins,  who  has  been  in  the  business  about  twenty-five  years, 
and  T.  Elwood  Clark  and  Barzillai  II.  Clark,  brothers,  in  part- 
nership. 

A  Drug  Store  is  kept  in  town  by  Geoj'ge  W.  Robbins  and 
Elisha  K.  Olney,  and  another  by  Mahlon  Ballenger. 

A  Tannery  was  established  in  Economy  by  AVm.  Locke 
about  the  year  1825.  Among  the  names  of  those  who  have 
since  carried  on  business  at  this  establishment  are  Joshua  Can- 
aday,  George  P.  Rupe,  Price  &  Surface,  James  Stanley,  Coffin 
&  Ilinshaw,  and  others.  Its  last  proprietor  was  Wra.  Bal- 
lenger.    It  has  recently  been  discontinued. 

The  first  resident  Physician  in  the  township  was  Thomas  T. 
Butler,  who  settled  in  Economy  about  the  year  1826.  The 
settlers  had  been  previously  served,  in  great  part,  by  Brs. 
Warner,  of  Richmond,  and  Waldo,  of  Jacksonburg.  Among 
those  who  have  succeeded  Dr.  Butler  were  Henry  Carver,  in 
1834,  Josiah  T.  Bohrer,  Macy  B.  Maulsby,  George  W.  Robbins, 
Caleb  K.  Patterson,  (eclectic,)  Thomas  Adamson,  Royal  R. 
Jennings.  Drs.  G.  AY.  Robbins  and  Jonathan  B.  Clark  are 
the  present  practicing  physicians. 

Of  that  class  of  mechanics  first  needed  in  a  new  country, 
Blacksmiths,  Thomas  Swain  was  the  earliest,  1^  miles  north-east 
of  Economy.  He  was,  in  1820,  a  member  of  the  legislature 
while  it  met  at  Cory  don,  and  had  to  camp  in  the  woods  alone 
on  his  return.     John  Macy  also  was  an  early  blacksmith. 

The  earliest  Religious  Society  was  that  of  the  Friends ;  most 
of  the  settlers  mentioned  as  from  Tennessee  being  of  that 


310  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

denomination.  Their  first  meeting-house  was  built  of  round 
logs,  about  a  quarter  of  a  mile  north-west  of  the  present  town 
of  Economy,  in  1816.  It  is  said  to  have  been  warmed  by 
charcoal  and  white  oak  bark,  burned  on  a  hearth  in  the  center. 
Some  of  the  first  members  were  Elihu  Swain,  James  Warren, 
Richard  Williams,  and  their  wives,  Robert  Canaday  and  his 
wife  Amy,  an  exhorter.  Charity  Mills,  David  Maulsby,  Wm. 
Locke,  Thomas  Marshall,  Henry  and  Moses  Mills,  and  Charles 
Osborn,  the  only  resident  recommended  preacher  ever  here. 
In  1821,  a  house  was  built  of  hewed  logs  a  short  distance 
from  the  former.  The  society  here  was  called  Springjield  Meet- 
ivg.  About  the  year  1842,  the  antislavery  question  caused  a 
division  of  the  society.  The  abolitionists  retained  the  old 
house  until  it  was  abandoned,  about  the  year  1850.  The 
others  built  a  new  house  in  town,  which  is  still  occupied  by 
the  society ;  a  portion  of  the  abolitionists  having  since  re- 
united with  them. 

The  Methodist  Episcopal  Church  and  Society  was  organized  at 
an  early  date.  A  class  was  formed  in  or  about  the  year  1817, 
at  John  Jordan's,  in  the  north-west  corner  of  the  present 
township  of  Perry;  James  Havens  being  circuit  preacher  on 
the  Whitewater  circuit.  The  early  members  were  John  Jor- 
dan, Wm.  Jordan,  James  Hudson,  Jesse  Comer,  and  their 
wives,  ^Rachel  Ellis,  and  perhaps  a  few  others.  Soon  after 
were  added  Joseph  Stanley,  James  Stanford,  and  their  wives. 
Their  meetings  were  first  held  at  John  Jordan's,  near  the  head 
of  West  river,  and  at  other  private  houses.  Owing,  prob- 
ably, to  the  increase  of  the  number  and  the  consequent  ex- 
tension of  the  territorial  bounds  of  the  society,  meetings  were 
held,  it  is  said,  in  a  log  school-house  near  the  town;  and 
among  the  members  not  above  mentioned,  were  Simon  Adam- 
son,  Jacob  Bowman,  George  D.  McPhersou,  Wm.  Starbuck, 
Barrett  Barnett,  Jesse  Greenstreet,  Daniel  Worth.  About  the 
year  1827,  some  say — others,  later  than  1830 — a  small  frame 
meeting-house  was  built  in  Economy,  which  was  dedicated  by 
Rev.  Wm.  Hunt.  About  1857  or  1858,  the  present  house  was 
built.     Among  the  early  preachers  after  James  Havens  were 

Wm,  Holman, ■  Summerville,  Daniel  Fraley,  Wm.  Hunt, 

and  Elijah  Whitten.     This  society,  too,  was  disrupted  by  the 


PERRY    TOWNSHIP.  311 

"abolition"  question.  The  radical  antislavery  members  se- 
ceded about  the  year  1842,  and  organized  as  a 

Wcskya7i  Ilethodist  Society. — Among  its  members  were 
George  D.  McPherson,  Elihu  Smith,  Ira  H.  Hutcliins,  Wm. 
Williams,  John  Maulsby,  John  M.  "WilHams.  This  organiza- 
tion lasted  only  about  three  years.  Some  seven  or  eight  years 
after  it  had  been  given  up,  a  new  society  was  formed. 

The  Economy  Wesleyan  llefhodist  Church  was  organized 
Sept.  9,  1853.  Alexander  Haywood  was  preacher  in  charge. 
Members  who  composed  the  church  at  the  time  of  its  organ- 
ization were  EHhu  Smith  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  Ira  H. 
Hutchins  and  Susannah,  his  wife,  and  perhaps  others.  On  the 
same  day,  Elizabeth  Mills,  Martha  E.  Thornburg,  and  Emma 
Sutton  w^ere  "received  into  full  connection."  Elihu  Smith 
was  chosen  class-leader  ;  and  a  few  months  after,  Ira  H.  Hutch- 
ins, steward.      Preachers  in    charge  since  the   organization : 

A.  Hayw^ood,  Enisley  Brookshire, Harris,  Wm.  Gladding, 

Aaron  Worth,  Enoch  Marsh,  L.  C.  Beckford,  John  M.  John- 
son, Elijah  Coate,  John  W.  Johnson,  John  Fall,  Elijah  Coate. 
The  Wesleyan  Chapel  in  Economy  was  built  in  1857. 

A  church,  called  Christian  Friends,  was  formed  about  the 
year  1837,  and  a  house  built  near  the  north-east  corner  of  the 
township,  on  the  north  line.  It  is  said  to  have  been  formed  by 
Valentine  and  AYm.  Gibson,  of  Delaware  Co.,  Ind.  Hence 
the  members  were  called  Gibsonites.  This  church  had  a  brief 
existence.  About  eight  years  ago  the  United  Brethren  formed 
a  church  here,  and  occupied  the  house  until  they  built  a  new 
one  in  1870. 

The  United  Brethren  formed  a  church  about  thirty  or  thirty- 
five  years  ago  near  the  south-east  corner  of  the  township,  on 
the  south  line.  Meetings  were  held  for  several  years  in  a 
school-house  until  the  present  house  was  built.  Eobert  Mill- 
man,  James  Wright,  Lewis  Perry,  James  Powell,  and  their 
wives,  are  the  names  of  members  recollected.  Preacher  then 
in  charge,  Daniel  Stover ;  present  preacher,  James  Cook  ;  pre- 
siding elder,  John  T.  Varderaan. 

A  Baptist  Church  was  formed  in  Economy  about  the  year 
1840,  perhaps  later.     It  existed  but  a  few  years. 

The  first  School  was  kept  in  the  Friends'  log  meeting-house. 


312  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

John  Canaday  is  said  to  have  been  the  first  teacher.  He  was 
succeeded  by  Thomas  R.  Sauford,  who  was  afterward  a  judge 
in  Henry  Co. 

John  Underbill  commenced,  in  1819,  a  classical  or  high  school, 
which  he  continued,  at  intervals,  for  ten  or  twelve  years.  The 
present  school-house  was  built  in  1868,  in  which  is  kept  a 
graded  school,  the  higher  branches  being  included  in  the 
course  of  instruction.  The  cost  of  the  building  was  about 
$7,000. 

The  Tow7i  of  Economy  was  laid  out  by  Charles  Osborn,  as 
proprietor,  and  the  plat  recorded  July,  1825.  At  an  election 
held  at  the  house  of  Wm.  Barnard,  Sept.  8,  1828,  Isaiah  Os- 
born, Wm.  Barnard,  Richard  Williams,  Jonathan  Macy,  and 
Josiah  Osborn  were  elected  trustees.  Additions  to  the  town 
plat  were  made  by  Charles  Osborn  in  1829  and  1834. 

Some  of  the  early  Justices  of  the  Peace  elected  in  the  town- 
ship were  Jonathan  Macy,  (who,  perhaps,  never  served,)  Miles 
Marshall,  Isaiah  Osborn,  probably  the  first  in  Economy,  Absa- 
lom Wright,  Wm.  Williams.  John  M.  Williams  is  at  pres- 
ent a  justice,  and  has  held  the  office  most  of  the  time  since 
1837. 

William  Locke  was  born  in  Granville  county,  IST.  C,  June 
14,  1787.  His  father,  John  Locke,  was  a  soldier  in  the  Revo- 
lutionary war,  and  a  pensioner  during  the  remainder  of  his 
life.  Wm.  Locke  married,  first,  Bamaris  Mills,  in  1808,  and 
removed  in  1815  to  Perry  township,  and  settled  on  a  part  of  the 
land  now  owned  by  Mary  Macy  and  her  heirs,  11  miles  north- 
east of  Economy,  where  he  kept  the  first  store  in  the  town- 
ship. Much  of  his  trade  was  in  deer-skins,  raccoon  skins, 
rags,  ginseng,  pork,  etc.  He  was  a  Friend,  and  took  an  active 
part  in  forming  the  Springfield  Meeting.  He  afterward  re- 
moved to  Economy,  and  established  a  tannery,  the  first  in 
Perry  township.  After  a  brief  residence  there,  he  returned 
to  his  farm.  He  was  for  several  years  a  director  of  the  State 
Branch  Bank,  at  Richmond.  About  the  year  1837,  he  again 
removed  to  Economy,  where  he  was  for  a  season,  and  in  other 
business.  Fifty  years  after  his  marriage,  his  wife  died.  A 
year  thereafter,  in  his  73d  year,  he  married  Judith  Carter, 
with  whom  he  lived  about  eight  years,  and  died  November  3, 


PERRY    TOWNSHIP.  313 

1868.  He  had  three  sons  and  seven  daughters,  as  follows : 
Lucretia,  born  April  19,1809;  Charity,  born  December  13, 
1810;  Hannah,  born  December  27,  1812;  married  Wm.  C. 
Bond,  of  Clay  township;  Elizabeth,  born  October  13,  1814, 
died  at  20;  Rachel,  born  May  26,  1816,  married  John 
Brooks,  of  Clay;  John  Aaron,  born  May  22,  1819,  married 
Charity  Brooks,  of  Clay;  Mary  Ann,  born  March  25,  1821, 
married  Elzey  Storms,  and  died  October  13,  1843 — he  re- 
sides in  Randolph  county ;  Levi,  who  died  in  infancy ;  Da- 
maris,  born  July  3, 1826,  married  Elvin  Thornburg,  a  recom- 
mended minister  of  the  Friends  ;  Wm.  Milton,  born  December 
21,  1828,  married  Martha  Fisher,  of  Economy,  and  resides  at 
Koblesville,  Indiana. 

Charles  Osborn  removed  from  Tennessee  to  Ohio,  in 
1816,  and  in  1819  to  the  township  of  Perry,  and  settled  on 
the  land  on  which  the  town  of  Economy  now  stands.  In 
1825  he  laid  out  the  town,  as  proprietor,  to  which  he  made 
an  addition  in  1829,  and  another  in  1834.  After  many  years' 
residence  there,  he  removed  to  Michigan,  and  a  few  years 
after  to  Porter  county,  Ind.  [Dates  of  birth  and  death  not 
obtained.]  His  sons  were,  James,  who  was  married,  and  died 
in  Iowa;  Josiah,  married,  moved  to  Michigan,  and  died  there; 
John,  married,  resides  in  Economy ;  Isaiah,  married,  resided 
there  until  his  decease  in  1846;  Elijah  and  Gideon,  married, 
live  in  Cass  county,  Michigan ;  Charles  N.  and  Parker,  who 
reside  in  Wilmington,  Ohio ;  Jordan,  Benjamin,  deceased. 
Daughters  :  Sarah,  who  married  James Bonine  ;  Anna,  wife  of 

Jesse  East ;    Cynthia,  who  married  Singerfuse ;  l!^ar- 

cissa,  who  died  in  Economy  at  the  age  of  12.  In  1831,  all 
the  children  of  Charles  Osborn  were  living  and  were  present 
at  a  dinner  at  his  house.  He  was  a  preacher  in  the  society 
of  Friends. 

[The  names  of  two  of  Charles  Osborn's  children  have 
probably  been  omitted  in  the  above  list.] 


314  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 


WASHINGTON  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  lies  in  the  south-east  part  of  "Wayne  county, 
and  is  one  of  the  six  townships  into  which  the  county  was 
divided  in  1817  by  the  county  commissioners  after  the  adop- 
tion of  the  state  constitution  of  1816.  Its  length,  east  and 
west,  is  7  miles ;  its  breadth  6  miles,  containing  an  area  of 
about  42  square  miles. 

The  earliest  settlements  in  the  township  are  believed  to  have 
been  in  the  north  part.  Thomas  Symonds  settled  December 
6, 1811,  about  a  mile  north  of  where  Milton  now  stands,  hav- 
ing cut  his  way  through  the  woods  for  12  miles.  There  was 
no  other  settler  near.  His  widow,  still  living,  says,  that,  for 
six  weeks  after  their  arrival,  she  did  not  see  the  face  of  a 
white  woman.  Mr.  Symonds  was  from  IST.  C,  and  had  stopped 
a  few  months  at  Cox's  settlement,  where  Eichmond  now  is. 
His  family  consisted  of  himself  and  his  wife.  They  were 
much  annoyed  by  Indian  beggars,  and  by  wild  animals  that  ap- 
proached their  cabin  by  night  and  by  day.  In  the  spring  of 
1812,  from  fear  of  the  Indians,  they,  like  other  settlers,  left 
their  home,  and  sought  safety  in  the  settlements  in  the  vicinity 
of  the  present  city  of  Richmond,  where  they  remained  until 
after  the  pacification  of  the  Indians  in  1814.  They  were 
obliged  to  go  some  15  miles  to  mill,  until  Mr.  Symonds 
himself  built  a  mill,  which  was  completed  late  in  the  autumn 
of  1814,  or  early  in  1815.  His  wife  once  made  one  of  these 
trips  to  mill,  it  being  deemed  safer  than  to  remain  at  home 
alone.  He  died  September  30,  1865.  His  wife  is  still  living 
at  Spiceland,  Henry  county. 

In  the  north-east  part  of  the  township  were  some  who 
settled  there  about  the  same  time  as  Symonds  in  the  north- 
west part.  After  the  treaties  of  peace  with  the  Indians,  rapid 
progress  was  made  in  the  settlement  of  the  township. 

In  the  fall  of  1814,  Benj.  Beeson,  from  ]S"orth  Carolina, 
settled  31  miles  south  of  the  present  town  of  Milton,  on  land 
which  had  been  entered  in  1812,  where  he  resided  until  his 
death  in  1852,  and  where  his  son  Benj.  F.  Beeson  resides. 


WASHINGTON    TOWNSHIP.  315 

James  Walker,  from  Tenn,,  settled  in  the  adjoining  county 
of  Fayette  in  1812,  and  in  1814  came  to  this  township,  where 
he  died  about  40  years  ago.  The  farm  is  now  ow^ned  by 
Bezaleel  Beeson.  He  had  a  large  family,  of  wdiom  only 
James  and  Prudy  remain  in  the  township.  In  1814,  John 
Wallace,  from  Ohio,  settled  2  miles  south  of  Milton,  where 
he  died;  land  now  owned  by  his  sons,  Oliver,  James,  and 
John. 

In  1811,  Thomas  Beard,  from  N.  C,  brother  of  John  and 
Patrick  Beard,  settled  2h  miles  south-east  trom  town.  In 
1815,  James  Jackson,  from  N.  C,  settled  on  land  adjoining 
Beeson's  on  the  north.  He  removed  about  1840  to  Marion 
county,  and  died  there.  In  1815,  Adam  Banks,  from  Tenn., 
on  the  Wayne  county  line.  He  was  a  Baptist  minister,  and 
for  several  years  a  justice  of  the  peace,  and  was  famed  as  a 

hunter.     He  died  about  1843  or  1844.     In  1815, Logan, 

on  land  now  owned  by  Monford  G.  Beeson.  Eli  Wright, 
from  K.  C,  settled  near  Benj.  Beeson's.  He  had  served  in 
the  war  of  1812  as  a  ranger  in  Vincennes  and  Whitewater 
valley.  He  was  a  justice  of  the  peace  and  a  member  of  the 
legislature;  land  now  owned  by  Sanford  Caldwell. 

Others  settled  in  the  south-west  part  of  the  township,  the 
dates  of  the  settlement  of  the  most  of  whom  are  not  ascer- 
tained.    Among  them  are  the  following  : 

In  1816,  came  Micajah  and  ISTimrod  Ferguson,  from  !N".  C. 
Micajah  settled  on  the  land  now  owned  by  his  nephew^,  Le- 
land  Ferguson,  and  died  in  Posey  township.  I^imrod  settled 
on  the  farm  where  his  widow  and  his  sons  John  W.  and  Cas- 
burn  reside.  He  w^as  probably  the  only  pioneer  in  the  county 
who  did  not  enjoy  the  luxuries  of  log  cabin  life.  His  first 
and  only  house  w^as  built,  in  his  small  clearing,  of  bricks 
made  near  Milton.  It  is  occupied  by  his  surviving  family. 
Thomas  Beeson  settled  on  land  now  owned  by  Elwood  Bee- 
son, on  the  w^est  line.  Harrison  Shortridge,  (not  the  first,) 
where  Norman  Munger  resides.  Joseph  Caldwell,  in  the 
south-west  corner  of  the  township;  land  now  owned  by  his 
son  James.  Jehiel  Lampson,  and  later,  Jacob  Smith,  on  land 
now  owned  by  G.  W.  Smith's  heirs.  Solomon  Burkett,  on 
land  since  owned  by  Eli  Elwell  and  his  son  Hiram,  now  by 


316  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

Thomas  Williams.  Jolin  Foulke,  on  laud  since  owned  by 
Matthew  Wilson,  now  by  Eli  Elwell,  who  has  removed  to 
Milton.  Joseph  Williams,  on  the  west  line  of  the  town- 
ship ;  land  now  owned  by  his  son  James.  Matthew  Symonds, 
west  part  of  the  township,  where  he  died;  farm  now  owned 
by  Wm.  Johnson.  David  Shay,  on  west  line;  land  lately 
owned  by  John  Welch,  now  by  Daniel  Whitely,  Jun. 

In  the  north-west  part  of  the  township,  Gideon  Myers 
settled  about  the  year  1820.  Joab  Raines  and  Samuel  Drury 
settled  west  of  Milton ;  in  1832,  Joseph  Gray,  and  about  1828, 
Isaac  and  Daniel  Whitely.  Thomas  Pierson,  afterward  Abra- 
ham Symonds,  settled  in  the  north-west  corner  of  the  town- 
ship ;  land  now  owned  by  James  Gray  and  Daniel  Heacock. 
Peter  Martz,  afterward  Silas  Hiatt,  from  N.  C,  settled,  first, 
where  Joseph  Gray  now  owns;  next,  where  Henry  Izor  lives. 
Moses  Cooper  settled,  in  1817,  on  land  now  owned  by  Jesse 
Murray  and  his  father,  Yeniah  Murray.  John  Callaway,  a 
native  of  Delaware,  in  1814,  from  Ohio,  settled  on  land  first 
owned  by  Boaz  Thorp,  lately  by  Joshua  Gresh,  now  by  Henry 
Frazee.  A  short  time  after  Thorp's  arrival,  a  daughter, 
about  three  years  of  age,  was  taken  away  by  Indians,  and 
never  recovered.  In  consequence  of  this  bereavement,  he 
soon  sold  his  land  to  Mr,  Callaway,  and  left  the  country. 
John  Callaway  died  in  Warren  county,  Ohio,  aged  84  years. 
James,  son  of  John  Callaway,  came  with  his  father,  and,  in 
1820,  settled  half  a  mile  west  of  Milton;  afterward  removed 
to  town,  where  he  still  resides.  He  is  the  father  of  John 
Callaway,  President  of  the  First  National  Bank,  Cambridge 
City.  John  Bell  settled  on  the  land  now  owned  by  John 
Callaway,  of  Cambridge  City. 

South  of  Milton,  Jehu  Wilson,  a  native  of  South  Carohna, 
from  Ohio  about  1818,  settled  1  mile  south  of  town,  on  land 
bought  of  Joel  Ferguson,  where  he  resided  until  his  death. 
The  farm  is  now  owned  by  his  grandchildren.  Jonathan 
Justice,  a  native  of  N.  C,  settled  near  Milton,  where  he  died. 
The  farm  is  now  owned  by  Gideon  C.  Wilson,  son  of  John, 
who  was  a  son  of  Jehu  Wilson.  James  Cathcart  settled  on 
the  laud  now  owned  by  Joel  Pennington,  IJ  miles  from  Milton. 


WASHINGTON   T0T7NSHIP.  317 

The  following  are  believed  to  have  settled  during  or  soon 
after  the  war  of  1812  :  James  Shaw,  2^^  miles  south  of  Milton, 
where  Isaac  Kinsey  lives;  John  Shaw  on  the  adjoining  farm, 
now  owned  by  Jeremiah  W.  Swatford  ;  John  Knipe,  one  mile 
south-east  of  town,  the  farm  now  owned  by  Henry  Hoover; 
Reuben  Bronson,  2^  miles  south-west  of  Milton,  on  the  farm 
lately  owned  by  Alfred  Hankins.  Bronson  was  an  early  nur- 
sery-man. 

On  the  east  side  of  the  river,  Jacob  Boyer  settled  where  now 
his  son  Jacob  lives.  Aaron  White,  where  now  his  son  Richard 
resides.  Isaiah  Drury,  in  1816,  on  the  farm  now  owned  by 
Charles  H.  Moore.  Enoch  Warman,  on  the  land  now  owned  by 
Joseph  Kimmel,  Thomas  A.  Moore,  and  David  Sutton.  Geo. 
Beeler,  on  township  line ;  land  now  owned  by  Wm.  Beeler. 
VVm.  G.  Reynolds,  on  laud  lately  owned  by  Samuel  Jacobs. 
Jacob  Oldacre,  where  Mr.  Sowerboer  lives.  Joseph  Swaiiord 
where  David  Hibbel  resides.  Wm.  SwaiFord,  on  the  laud  now 
owned  by  Wm.  Kimmel.  Jacob  Kimmel  settled  early  2  miles 
east  of  Milton ;  lands  now  owned  by  his  sons  William  and 
George  and  the  heirs  of  Jacob  Kimmel.  Abraham  Schock, 
on  laud  now  owned  by  David  Sutton  and  Benj.  Conover's 
heirs.  John  Conover,  a  mile  south-east  of  town  ;  land  now 
owned  by  Sarah  A.  Wilson  and  John  Brown.  Joseph  Hol- 
lingsworth,  on  land  lately  owned  by  J.  Good,  where  now 
Robert  Cornthwaite  lives.  Edward  Emerson,  from  Vermont, 
about  1812,  settled  where  his  son  Thomas  now  lives.  He 
served  in  the  war  of  1812.  His  sons,  James  X.,  William,  and 
Oliver  P.,  reside  in  N"ew  Boston,  111. 

In  the  valley  of  Greenes  Fork,  the  following  named  persons 
were  early  settlers  :  Samuel,  Jesse,  Levi,  and  William  Willetts, 
brothers.  On  the  east  side,  Samuel  settled  where  AVm.  Kerlin 
lives ;  Jesse,  where  Peter  Wisler  lives ;  on  the  west  side, 
Levi,  where  Caleb  Lewis  lately  lived ;  and  William,  on  the 
land  now  owned  by  P.  Schloniger,  and  occupied  by Ging- 
rich. William  and  Levi  died  on  their  farms.  Levi  was  an 
early  justice  of  the  peace.  Jesse  was  in  1829,  and  for  several 
years  after,  a  county  commissioner.  He  removed  to  Xew 
Boston,  Mercer  Co.,  111.,  and  died  there,  at  the  age  of  QO 
years.     Elisha,  his  son,  lives  near  where  his  father  settled  ; 


318  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

l^elson,  son  of  Elisha,  three-fourths  of  a  mile  south.  J.  B.  and 
I.  B.  "Willetts,  son  of  Eli,  a  brother  of  Elisha,  reside  on  the  west 
side;  and  adjoining  them  on  the  west,  Solomon  Reese  settled 
where  he  died;  land  now  owned  by  Wm.  Vanbuskirk.  Caleb 
Lewis,  mentioned  above,  had  been  a  member  of  the  legis- 
lature. His  land  is  owned  by  his  heirs.  Thomas  Mar- 
latt  settled  on  the  east  side,  where  his  son  Harrison  lives, 
and  has  latterly  removed  to  near  the  mouth  of  the  Fork, 
and  lives  with  his  son  Albert.  Of  his  other  four  sons,  James 
lives  on  the  west  side  of  the  stream,  where  Wm.  Swaftbrd 
early  settled;  Thomas  has  removed  to  New  Boston,  HI.,  and 
is  a  United  Brethren  preacher;  Washington,  to  Manhattan, 
Kansas,  a  Methodist  minister;  Abraham  l!^.,  a  Methodist 
minister,  at  Rushville.  His  four  daughters  are:  Rebecca, 
wife  of  Washington  Wolf,  and  Evaliue,  wife  of  Solomon 
Wolf,  who  reside  at  'New  Boston,  111. ;  Mary,  wife  of  Elihu 
Cecil,  at  Smithfield,  Ind. ;  and  Ellen,  wife  of  Jacob  Walker, 
at  JSTewcastle.  Conover  settled  on  the  east  side,  on  land  now 
owned  by  his  William. 

In  1820,  Wm.  McGrew  settled  on  the  west  side  of  Green's 
Fork,  on  land  now  owned  by Dietz.     [Sk.] 

In  the  north-east  part  of  the  township,  Joshua  Lamott  and 
Thomas  Kelly  own  nearly  a  whole  section ;  hrst  owner  not 
ascertained.  Abraham  Hathawa}^  settled  on  the  land  now 
owned  by  his  son  McCarty  and  other  heirs.  Henry  Hart- 
man  settled  where  he  still  lives.  David  Smith,  wdiere  A.  J. 
Smith  resides. 

Along  the  valley  of  Poland's  Fork  were  the  following : 
East  side,  Wm,  Beeson,  where  Stephen  Crow  now  is.  Philip 
Burris,  on  land  now  owned  by  L.  M.  Jones  and  T.  and  [N". 
Burris.  Moses  ISTethercutt,  on  land  now  owned  by  Philip 
Jenkins.  Rudolf  Waymire,  on  land  owned  by  Samuel 
Clevinger,  of  Abington.  David  Waymire,  south  of  Rudolf, 
on  land  owned  by  John  Little.  The  north  half  of  section  16, 
[school  lot,]  lying  principally  west  side  of  the  Fork,  was  sold 
to  Dickson  Hurst,  and  is  now  owned  by  Charles  N\  McGrew 
and  Morgan  Williams ;  the  south  half  to  John  Doddridge, 
now  owned  by  his  sons,  Philip  and  Isaac. 


WASHINGTON    TOWNSHIP.  319 

A  large  portion  of  the  south-east  part  of  the  township  was 
early  settled,  and  is  still  owned,  by  the  Doddridge,  Hurst, 
and  Jenkins  families.  John  Doddridge,  from  Pa.,  settled  in 
1814,  on  the  east  side  of  the  Fork,  where  his  widow,  Avis 
Doddridge,  still  resides,  with  her  son  David,  on  the  east  line 
of  the  township.  Their  sons  are  Isaac,  Philip,  John,  and 
David.  Their  daughters  were  Phebe,  wife  of  James  Baker, 
who  lives  in  Illinois;  Eliza,  wife  of  Wm.  Ream;  Sarah,  wife 
of  John  T.  McMnllen,  a  Methodist  minister;  and  Xancy,  who 
married  Frank  AIcAluUen,  and  resides  in  ^Missouri.  Eliza 
and  Sarah  are  both  deceased.  Two  or  three  children  of 
John  Doddridge  died  young.  Isaac,  Philip,  and  David  re- 
side in  the  township.  David  Jenkins,  a  brother-in-law  of 
John  Doddridge,  in  1814,  settled  on  the  section  south  of 
Doddridge's,  where  he  died.  The  land  is  now  owned  by  his 
son  Isaac,  and  Benj.  Pierce,  son-in-huv  of  David  Jenkins. 
Dickson  Hurst,  in  or  about  1820,  settled  on  the  county  line, 
near  the  Fork,  east  side;  the  land  now  owiied  b}'  his  son-in- 
law,  Henry  Sweet;  afterward  removed  to  where  Isaac  Dod- 
dridge now^  lives,  and  died  there  in  1858.  His  children  were 
Lucinda,  wife  of  Henry  Sweet;  Marj^  Ann,  wife  of  Wm.  A. 
Rifner,  of  Henry  county;  "William,  east  side  of  the  Fork; 
Melinda,  wife  of  Charles  IST.  McGrew;  Alfred,  who  lives  in 
Iowa.  John  Hurst  settled  where  Gilbert  Thomas  lives.  His 
sons  were,  Benedict,  who  is  dead ;  Sanford,  in  the  south-east 
corner  of  the  township;  John  M.,  w^est  side  of  the  Fork; 
land  now  owned  by  his  heirs  ;  Dickson,  deceased  ;  and  Elijah, 
wdio  settled  on  the  west  side  of  the  Fork;  Isaac,  who  moved 
to  Flat  Pock;  Bennett,  who  died  in  Madison  county.  His 
daughters  were,  Sylvia,  wife  of  Robert  Watt,  who  lives  east 
of  the  creek;  Cjmthia,  wife  of  Joseph  Howard,  who  lived 
where  Thomas  Marlatt  now  lives — both  dead ;  Mary  Ellen, 
wife  of  John  Orr,  of  Connersville.  Mr.  Hurst  had  other 
daughters. 

On  the  east  side  of  Whitewater  river,  below  the  mouth  of 
Green's  Fork,  were  Jacob  Grewell,  a  very  early  settler,  where 
James  Ely  lives,  on  the  township  line ;  Robert  Diever,  on 
land  now  owned  by  Henry  Eliason;  James  MeLane,  where 
John  IloUiugsworth   lately  lived ;  land  now^  owned  by  the 


320  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

heirs  of  John  M.  Hurst.  James  Hannah  settled  on  land  now- 
owned  by  Isaac  Doddridge.  His  sous  were  Samuel;  [Sk.] 
Abraham,  who  is  said  to  have  been  an  early  teacher ;  Hugh 
L.,  who  owned  the  old  homestead,  and  died  there  in  1860 ; 
and  William,  a  laAvyer  at  Laporte.  Fernandes,  son  of  Hugh 
L.,  has  removed  to  Chicago.  Peter  Wisler,  after  a  residence 
of  ten  or  more  years  in  Jackson,  near  Germantown,  settled 
where  he  now  resides.  Two  of  his  sons,  David  and  Peter, 
live  with  him  on  the  farm.  His  other  sons  are  Rudolf,  who 
lives  south  of  Milton ;  Jacob,  at  Shields ville,  in  Hamilton 
county;  and  John,  at  New  Lisbon,  Henry  county. 

On  the  vjest  side  of  the  river,  Joseph  Lower  settled  early 
where  his  daughter,  widow  Clark,  resides.  Benj.  Harvey,  2 
miles  south-east  of  Milton,  where  his  son  John  lives.  John 
Kinley,  on  the  land  now  owned  by  his  son,  John  W.  Kinley. 
Thomas  Hardin,  where  Mark  D.  Beeson  lives. 

The  first  grist-ynill  in  the  township  was  built  by  Thomas 
Symonds  in  1814,  a  mile  north  of  Milton.  It  was  afterward 
owned,  successively,  by  Mordecai  Mendenhall,  Jacob  Schock, 
Joseph  Stubbs,  and  others ;  and  a  mill  was  continued  there 
until  about  twelve  or  fifteen  years  ago.  One  is  also  said  to 
have  been  built  by  Samuel  Shortridge,  on  Green's  Fork,  4 
miles  east  of  Milton.  A  saw-mill  was  afterward  built  there, 
and  one  of  each  has  been  continued  to  the  present  time. 
They  came  early  into  the  hands  of  Jacob  CruU,  and  are  now 
owned  by  Gideon  Zaner.  John  and  Christopher  Miller, 
about  the  year  1820,  built  a  grist-mill  on  Green's  Fork,  4 
miles  below  Milton.  Neither  remains.  Jesse  Brewer,  about 
1830,  built  on  Green's  Fork,  3  miles  south-east  of  Milton,  a 
grist-mill  which  w^as  burned,  and  not  rebuilt.  The  next  mill 
in  the  township  is  believed  to  be  the  "  river  mill,"  at  Milton, 
built  by  Jacob  Sinks.  It  has  since  passed  through  the  hands, 
successively,  of  Daniel  Sinks,  Swaflbrd,  Kimmel  &  Co.,  John 
Iioss,-Levin  Warren,  and  Jonathan  Petty,  to  Wm.  H.  Moore, 
its  present  proprietor.  This  mill  has  the  capacity  to  manu- 
facture 100  barrels  in  twenty-four  hours.  The  Canal  Mill 
^vas  built  in  1846  by  Jonathan  Macy,  Henry  Izor,  and  Daniel 
Sinks.  Milton  Iliatt  soon  bought  the  interest  of  Sinks.  In 
1852,  it  passed  to  Lewis  B.  Morrison,  Thomas  Newby,  and 


AVASHINGTON    TOWNSHIP.  321 

Hemy  Izor.  In  1854,  Izor  sold  out,  since  which  time  it  has 
passed  through  the  firms  of  Morris,  Myers  &  Co.,  and  several 
others,  into  the  hands  of  its  present  proprietors,  Bozier  &  Carr. 
Its  capacity  is  150  barrels  in  twenty-four  hours. 

There  was  a  Saw-mill  at  the  grist-mill  of  the  Millers;  and 
one  was  built  at  the  river  mill,  which  still  runs.  A  water  saw- 
mill was  built  about  forty  years  ago  by  Samuel  Cummack,  at 
the  mouth  of  Green's  Fork,  and  did  a  pretty  large  business. 
Another  was  built  about  twenty  years  ago  by  Samuel  Stokes, 
as  some  say,  and  owned  also  by  G-eorge  Boden,  a  mile  north  of 
Milton,  and  afterward  converted  into  a  steam  mill.  It  has 
since  been  removed  to  Beeson's  Station,  where  it  is  run  b}'  a 
portable  engine,  and  is  owned  by  Nathan  H.  Cummack. 

A  Carding  llachine,  said  to  have  been  the  first  in  the  town- 
ship, was  built  by  Jonathan  Hunt,  about  the  year  1828,  a  mile 
north  of  Milton,  and  was  continued  many  years.  A  carding 
machine  was  put  up  also  in  the  north-east  part  of  the  town- 
ship, on  Green's  Fork,  by  Williams  Petty,  as  is  supposed,  to 
which  cloth-dressing  machinery  was  added  by  Fish  &  Venable. 
On  this  site,  Edward  Wagoner  has  at  present  a  saw-mill,  a 
clover  huller,  and  other  machinery.  Samuel  Cummack  built 
a  carding  machine  and  fulling  mill  near  his  saw-mill.  Some 
ten  or  twelve  years  afterward,  it  was  changed  to  a  woolen  fac- 
tory, and  run  by  him  a  number  of  years,  and  removed  by 
N"athan  II.  Cummack  to  Milton.  It  was  much  improved  and 
enlarged,  and  conducted  by  a  manufacturing  company,  and 
took  the  name  of  31iUoii  Woolen  3Iills.  The  proprietors,  in 
1866,  were  Nathan  II.  Cummack  and  John  Ilollingsworth.  In 
1868,  Caleb  J.  Morris  became  a  partner.  In  1869,  Cummack 
retired,  and  George  W.  Callaway  and  Richard  Wallace  &  Co. 
came  in ;  and  the  association  took  the  name  of  31ilton  Woolen 
Ilill  Company.  In  December,  1869,  Ilollingsworth  sold  his 
interest  to  Richard  White.  Two  sets  of  machinery  are  em- 
ployed in  the  manufacture  of  cassimeres,  plain  and  f)]aid  jeans, 
satinets,  plain  and  plaid  flannels,  blankets,  and  stocking  yarn. 
Attached  is  a,  knitting  factory  for  making  ladies  and  gentlemen's 
hose.     Sales  annually  about  §60,000. 

Hoosier  Drill  Manufactory. — Joseph  Ingels,  patentee  of  the 
Hoosier  Drill,  commenced  the  manufacture  in  1859,  by  horse 
24 


322  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

power,  and  made  the  first  year  25.  In  1867,  a  stock  company 
was  formed,  composed  of  Isaac  Kinsey,  Alexander  Jones,  and 
Aaron  Morris,  l>y  whom  the  business  is  still  continued.  Joseph 
Ingels  is  general  agent  for  the  company.  They  manufacture 
one  and  two-horse  wheat  drills,  corn  drills,  and  double-shovel 
iron  cultivators.  They  give  employment  to  between  '40  and 
50  hands;  and  their  annual  sales  have  averaged  for  the  last 
four  years,  about  $114,000. 

Thomas  Reagan  kept  the  first  Store  in  the  town,  one  block 
north  of  the  main  corner,  the  year  not  remembered;  probably 
soon  after  the  town  was  laid  out,  which  was  done  in  1824. 
Samuel  Pierce  commenced  soon  after  on  the  opposite  [west] 
side  of  Main  street.  John  Wright  &  Son,  it  is  believed,  next 
opened  a  store  on  the  corner  where  now  John  Brown  &  Son 
trade;  and  after  them,  Joshua  Willetts  and  James  Antrim,  in 
partnership.  Elijah  CofUn  commenced  in  1829.  Among  the 
numerous  firms  since  that  time,  and  down  to  1845,  were  the 
following;  the  order  and  dates  of  their  establishment  respect- 
ively are  not  remembered:  John  Talbot,  Moore  &  Hiatt, 
Elliott,  Hannah  &  Meredith,  Sinks  &  Talbot,  E.  P.  &  H.  Jus- 
tice, Mary  &  Sarah  Roberts,  Jesse  Hiatt, ^  Hopkins  &  Hiatt, 
Benj,  Elmer,  Shipley  L.  Foulke.  Present  merchants:  Dry 
Goods — Jones  &  (Iresh,  Warren  &  Myers,  Richard  Wallace  & 
Co.,  and  Milton  Woolen  Mills  Company.  Grocers — John 
Brown  &  Son,  Michael,  Jones  &  Gresh  [Morgan  Michael, 
Franklin  Jones,  Henry  Gresh.] 

David  G.  Kern  established  a  Drug  Store  in  1844,  and  has  con- 
tinued it  until  the  present  time.  Another  has  been  established 
the  present  year  by  Dr.  Joel  Pennington, 

Dr.  Joel  Pennington,  the  first  resident  Physician  in  the  town- 
ship, settled  in  Milton,  in  1825,  and  is  still  there  in  practice 
with  Isaac  F.  Swainey  as  a  partner.  Other  present  practicing 
physicians  are  Benj.  F.  Witmer,  and  Allison  B.  Bradbury. 

Wm.  Harris,  Samuel  Walker,  and  Jacob  Y ,  were  early 

blacksmiths  in  Milton.  Enoch  Maudlin,  George  Wirick,  Wm. 
B.  Unthank,  and  Richard  J.  Hubbard,  early  carpenters.  Joel 
and  Mordecai  Hiatt  and  Charles  H.  Moore  were  early  saddlers 
and  harness  makers.  Early  tailors — John  Conrad,  Harvey  P. 
Irvin,  Wm.  Williams.     Henry  J.   and  David  G.  Kern,  from 


WASHINGTON    TOWNSHIP.  oZ-J 

Pa.,  came  to  Milton  in  1839,  and  commenced  the  tailoring 
business.  In  1844,  David  retired,  and  commenced  the  (h-ng 
business,  as  above  stated.  Heurj  still  continues  the  business 
of  merchant  tailor.  Enocli  Maudlin  and  Cliarles  "Wright  were 
early  loac/on-makers ;  the  present  are  I^eter  AYarren  and  Wm. 
Ferris.  First  sJioemakcrs— John  jNIaze,  Simeon  Hubbard;  the 
present,  John  D.  AYallis,  Elias  Moore,  Jacob  Noll,  Adam  F. 
Spangler. 

The  first  ReUgious  Society  in  the  township  was  formed  by 
the  Friends  at  Milford,  a  half  mile  north  of  Milton,  about  the 
year  1819,  called  the  Milford  llcefinr/.  Some  of  its  members 
resided  in  Jackson  township.  Meetings  were  first  held  in  a 
log  house.  Among  their  early  members  were  Thomas 
Symonds,  Jonathan  Justice,  John  Kinley,  John  Bell,  Aaron 
Morris,  Matthew  Symonds,  Silas  Iliatt,  Henry  Thornburg ; 
and  later,  Mordecai  Hiatt,  Benajah  Hiatt,  Aaron  White, 
Charles  H.  Moore,  Richard  J.  Hubbard.  A  few  years  after 
the  formation  of  their  society,  they  built  a  frame  house,  where 
their  meetings  have  been  held  to  the  present  time.  Among 
their  early  preachers  have  been  John  Kinley,  Benajah  Hiatt, 
Margaret  White,  Annie  Moore,  Benj.  Fulghum,  Louisa,  his 
wdfe,  and  John  Miles. 

In  1828,  a  separation  of  the  Milford  Meeting  took  place ; 
and  those  known  as  Ilicksites  formcil  a  new  society,  Avhich 
also  w^as  called  Milford  Electing,  and  built  a  frame  house  in  the 
lower  part  of  the  town  of  Milton.  Their  early  members  w^ere 
Matthew  Symonds,  Aaron  Morris,  John  Morris,  Henrj-  Thorn- 
burg, John  Ferris,  Jonath;in  Justice,  Silas  Hiatt,  Bethuel 
Coffin,  Daniel  and  Isaac  Whitely,  and  others. 

The  Methodists  [Episcopal]  are  said  to  have  formed  a  society 
about  the  3'ear  1820,  and  built  a  log  meeting-house  7  miles 
south-east  from  Milton.  It  is  probable,  however,  that  a  class 
was  formed  there  several  years  earlier.  Among  the  early 
members  of  this  church  w-ere  Philip  Doddridge,  John  Dod- 
dridge, John  Spahr,  and  their  wives,  Joseph  Lower,  Joseph 
Williams,  Thomas  Beard,  David  Waymire ;  also,  Michael 
Helm  and  his  Avife,  John  Henwood,  and  Isaac  Weekly  and 
their  wives. 

About  the  year  1825,  for  the  accommodatiou  of  the  mem- 


324  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY.  '^ 

bers  of  the  above  society  residing  near  its  western  bounds, 
they  built  a  hewed  log  house  about  5  miles  below  Milton  on 
the  west  side  of  the  river.  Some  twelve  or  more  years  after, 
they  built  on  Lower's  land  a  frame  house,  called  Lower's 
Chapel,  which  has  since  been  named  Havens  Chai^el,  probably 
in  honor  of  James  Havens,  an  early  Methodist  minister  in  this 
part  of  the  state.  Among  their  members  were  Joseph  Lower, 
Alexander  Walters,  John  Elliott. 

James  Havens,  John  Burns,  Elijah  Whitten,  Benj.  Lawrence, 
A.  W.  Elliott,  and  John  Strange  are  remembered  as  among 
the  early  Methodist  preachers.  The  last  named  is  believed  to 
have  labored  here  as  early  as  1812. 

About  the  year  1846,  a  Methodist  Church  was  formed  in 
Milton.  John  W.  Sullivan,  an  early  preacher,  formed  the 
class,  of  which  Thomas  D.  Axe,  James  Swafibrd,  Grandy  Bell, 
Linteu,  and  their  wives,  and  John  Walker,  were  mem- 
bers;  John  Zell,  Alexander  Jones,  Joshua  Gresh,  and  Peter 
Warren  and  their  wives,  a  few  years  later.  Dr.  John  Bell  and 
John  Zell  formed  the  lirst  Sabbath  school  in  the  town.  Mr. 
Zell  was  from  the  time  of  its  formation  for  many  years  its 
superintendent.  Among  the  preachers  of  this  society  have 
been Stiver,  Seth  Smith,  Eliphaz  Miller.  Their  first  meet- 
ing-house, a  frame  building,  in  the  west  part  of  the  town,  was 
built  about  the  year  1846. 

Franklin  Church,  about  2|  miles  east  from  Milton,  was  organ- 
ized June  27, 1840,  some  of  whose  members  had  belonged  to  a 
society  called  "Newlights."  The  following  named  persons 
are  believed  to  have  been  members  at,  or  soon  after  the  organ- 
ization:  Wm.  G.  Reynolds,  Caleb  Lewis,  Wm.  McGrew,  Wra. 
Swafford,  and  their  families  ;  Mary  Wharton,  wife  of  Richard 
Wharton,  and  their  children  ;  Jacob  Boughner,  Jacob  and 
Amos  H.  Oldake,  Wm.  Kerlin,  and  their  wives ;  Jane,  Ruth, 
and  Mary  Willetts,  and  Eli  Willetts'  wife.  Officers — Wm.  G. 
Reynolds,  elder;  Milton  Reynolds,  Wm.  Kerlin,  deacons; 
Caleb  Lewis,  standing  clerk.  Daniel  Winder,  first  preacher; 
next,  A.  Harlan,  Samuel  K.  Hoshour. 

The  United  Brethren  have  a  church  in  the  north-east  corner 
of  the  township.  The  date  of  its  organization  and  the  names 
of  its  early  members  are  not  ascertained. 


^ 


WASHINGTON    TOWNSHIP.  325 

The  Town  of  Miltoyi  was  laid  out  by  John  Bell  as  proprietor, 
and  the  plat  and  description  recorded  July  5,  1824.  A  num- 
ber of  additions  were  made  by  the  following  named  persons: 
Thomas  Symouds,  Benajah  Hiatt,  Jonathan  Justice,  Elijah 
Coffin,  the  date  not  ascertained.  Thomas  Symonds  and  others, 
Dec.  5,  1825,  and  March  31,  1827.  Jonathan  Justice,  July  6, 
1829.  Jacob  Sinks,  July  3,  1838.  Jonathan  Justice  laid  out 
another,  Oct.  6,  1838,  which  was  recorded  March  23,  1839. 
James  Brown,  Feb.  8,  1847 ;  recorded  Feb.  16,  1847. 

Biographical  and  Genealogical. 

Thomas  Beard,  a  brother  of  John,  Patrick,  and  Jesse  Beard, 
elsewhere  noticed,  was  born  in  Randolph  Co.,  N.  C,  and  came 
to  this  county  in  the  fall  of  1811,  and  settled  on  the  west  side 
of  Whitewater  river,  about  a  mile  below  the  mouth  of  Green's 
Fork,  in  what  is  now  Washington  township,  on  a  farm  now 
owned  by  Bezaleel  Beesou.  He  was  one  of  the  first  few  set- 
tlers within  the  present  limits  of  the  township,  and  had  a 
thorough  experience  of  pioneer  life.  He  "cut  his  way"  for  his 
team  from  where  Abington  now  is,  through  the  wilderness. 
He  had  not  been  long  at  his  new  home  when  the  Indian  alarms 
commenced.  He  received  a  visit  from  Judge  Martin,  Samuel 
Jobe,  and  Isaac  Dyer,  who  came  to  warn  him  and  his  neigh- 
bors, who  had  increased  to  the  number  of  about  half  a  dozen, 
of  tlieir  danger,  and  advised  them  to  leave  immediately,  or  to 
"  fort."  Mr.  Beard,  unwilling  to  remove  his  effects,  or  to  leave 
them  exposed,  resolved  to  remain.  Four  of  the  six,  however, 
determined  to  leave.  The  three  men  went  home,  and  returned 
with  ten  or  twelve  others,  with  guns  and  rifles,  to  assist  in 
building  a  fort.  The  cabin  of  Mr.  Beard  was  taken  into  the 
inclosure,  in  which  three  block-houses  were  built.  The  three 
families  were  crowded  into  this  single  cabin.  This  fort  was 
afterward  adopted  as  one  of  those  in  which  the  government 
kept  small  garrisons.  This  fort  was  never  attacked ;  but  near 
tbe  fort  next  below,  two  young  men  were  shot  down,  and 
although  but  about  one  hundred  yards  from  tlie  fort,  they 
were  scalped  before  the  Indians  could  be  driven  off  by  the 
pickets.  Mr.  Beard  was  a  member  of  the  first  board  of  county 
commissioners  elected  in  the  county.     They  met  at  Salisbury 


326  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

in  February,  1817.  He  resided  on  his  farm  where  he  first  settled 
until  his  death.  He  had  eight  chiklren,  the  eldest  of  whom 
was  an  only  son,  John,  the  subject  of  the  following  notice. 

John  Beard,  sou  of  Thomas  Beard,  came  with  his  father 
from  North  Carolina,  where  he  was  born  Jan.  4,  1795.  In  the 
spring  of  1816,  three  months  after  he  attained  his  majority,  he 
cast  his  first  ballot  for  delegates  to  the  convention  that  framed 
the  first  constitution  of  the  state.  He  was  a  few  years  after, 
though  3'Oung,  elected  a  justice  of  the  peace.  There  being 
little  litigation,  his  official  business  was  chiefly  the  posting  of 
stray  horses,  and  in  the  absence  of  the  minister,  marrying  some 
of  the  young  people,  with  whom,  being  himself  young,  he  was 
rather  a  favorite.  For  this  service  no  charge  was  ever  made 
nor  fee  received.  There  having  been  for  several  years  an 
unusual  amount  of  sickness,  from  which  his  family  had  greatly 
suftered,  and  hoping  to  find  a  more  healthful  locality,  he  fol- 
lowed some  of  his  friends  to  Montgomery  county,  and  settled, 
in  the  fall  of  1823,  near  Crawfordsville,  a  new"  town  just  laid 
out,  where  he  still  resides.  In  1827,  he  was  elected  a  repre- 
sentative from  that  county  in  the  legislature,  and,  with  a  single 
exception,  was  continued  in  one  or  the  other  branch,  for  fifteen 
consecutive  years,  most  of  the  time  in  the  senate.  Of  all  the 
members  with  whom  he  served  the  first  term,  but  one  besides 
himself  is  now  living;  and  he  is  a  citizen  of  Wayne  county — 
John  Jones,  of  Center  township.  He  attained  a  high  reputa- 
tion as  a  legislator.  Bills  for  the  abolition  of  imprisonment 
for  debt;  liberal  exemptions  of  property  from  liability  to  exe- 
cution ;  investing  the  governor  with  power  to  commute  capital 
punishment  for  imprisonment  for  life,  and  the  free  school  sys- 
tem received  his  active  and  efficient  support.  He  rendered 
very  eftective  service  in  the  passage  of  the  bill  for  the  con- 
struction of  the  Wabash  and  Erie  Canal.  The  most  formid- 
able opposition  to  this  measure  came  from  James  Rariden,  a 
representative  from  Wayne  county ;  the  other  two  members, 
Wm.  Elliott  and  John  Finley,  being  friendly  to  the  measure. 
In  1833,  Mr.  B.  being  then  in  the  senate,  a  bill  to  incorporate 
a  state  bank  had  passed  the  house,  and  was  sent  to  the  senate. 
The  great  loss  sustained  by  the  general  government  from  the 
old  State  Bank  at  Vincennes  with  her  branches,  induced  Mr. 


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WASHINGTON    TOWNSHIP.  327 

Beard  and  other  senators  to  oppose  it ;  and  it  was  defeated  by 
a  single  vote.  But  believing  that  the  people  were  determined 
on  having  a  bank,  he  ofi'ered  a  resolution,  which  was  passed, 
providing  for  the  report,  at  the  next  session,  of  a  plan  designed 
more  effectually  to  secure  the  public  against  loss.  The  meas- 
ure was  a  complete  success.  The  advantages  to  the  people  of 
this  state  of  that  institution  are  w^ell  remembered  by  the  oldest 
citizens  of  the  state. 

In  1841,  Mr.  Beard  was  appointed  by  President  Harrison  to 
the  office  of  Receiver  of  Public  Moneys  at  the  land-office  at 
Crawfordsville ;  in  consecpience  of  which,  he  resigned  his  office 
of  senator  two  years  before  the  expiration  of  the  term.  He 
held  the  office  until  after  the  accession  of  Mr.  Van  Buren  to 
the  presidency;  and  in  1846  he  was  returned  to  the  senate. 
The  remainder  of  his  legislative  career  was  no  less  successful 
than  the  former  part  had  been.  Several  measures  of  great 
public  importance  adopted  during  his  last  term  in  the  senate, 
w^ere  largely  indebted  for  tJK^ir  success  to  the  influence  which 
he  had  acquired  in  that  body.  Although  ■Mr.  Beard  many 
years  ago  ceased  to  be  a  resident  of  the  county,  he  is  remem- 
bered and  esteemed  by  many  of  its  old  citizens — some  of  them 
his  associates  in  the  legislature.  This  fact,  together  with  that 
of  his  having  been  one  of  the  earliest  settlers  of  the  county,  for 
which  he  still  entertains  a  warm  regard,  seems  to  justify  a  com- 
pliance with  the  expressed  wishes  of  his  old  friends  that  his 
name  be  given  a  conspicuous  place  in  our  county's  history. 

Benjamin  Beeson  was  born  in  Guilford  county,  5^.  C.  lie 
was  married  to  Dorcas  Starbuck ;  and  in  1814  he  settled  in 
"Washington  township,  3  miles  south  of  Milton,  on  the  farm 
on  which  he  resided  until  his  death  in  1852,  and  on  which  his 
son,  Benj.  Franklin,  now  resides.  He  was  an  earl3\justice  of 
the  peace.  The  following  are  the  names  of  his  children,  the 
first  two  of  whom  were  born  in  Carolina :  1.  Bczaleel,  who  mar- 
ried, first,  Anna  IIoo\'er,  and  had  four  children,  three  now 
living ;  married,  second,  Phebe  Bobbs,  who  has  a  son.  2.  0th- 
niel.  [Sk.]  3.  TenipUion,  who  resides  near  the  line  of  the 
township,  in  Fayette  county.  4,  5.  Dclil'ih  and  lu'.r/nl,  who 
died  leaving  families.  6.  Gididma,  married,  and  lives  in 
Hamilt(m  county.     7.  Benjamin  F.,  living  on  the  homestead. 


328  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

8.  Amanda  M.^  who  married  Thomas  Emerson,  and  is  dead. 

9.  Marcus  D.,  who  lives  in  the  township.  10.  Charles  G.,who 
died  at  21.  Mrs.  Dorcas,  widow  of  Benj.  Beeson,  lives  with 
her  son,  Benjamin  F. 

Othniel  Beeson,  son  of  Benjamin,  was  born  in  North 
Carolina,  May  7,  1813,  and  came,  when  young,  with  his 
father's  family  to  Washington  township,  in  which  he  has  re- 
sided until  the  present  time.  He  was  in  1838  elected  a  justice 
of  the  peace;  in  1850,  a  delegate  to  the  constitutional  con- 
vention; in  1858,  a  state  senator  for  4  years;  re-elected  in 
1862,  and  again  in  1870.  He  married  in  Washington,  Eliza- 
beth Whissler.  Their  children  are,  Monford  G.,  who  mar- 
ried Louisa  Harvey,  and  resides  in  the  south-west  part  of  the 
township ;  Helena ;  Barbara,  who  married  Franklin  Y. 
Thomas,  of  Posey,  Fayette  county ;  Amanda  N. 

Benajah  Hiatt,  second  son  of  Wm.  Hiatt,  was  born  in 
North  Carolina,  and  was  married  to  Elizabeth  White.  In 
1824  he  removed  to  this  county,  and  settled  near  Milton. 
He  was  the  first  saddler  in  the  township,  and  had  a  shop 
in  a  part  of  his  dwelling.  After  a  few  years,  he  devoted  his 
attention  wholly  to  farming.  He  had  6  children,  who  settled 
in  this  county:  1.  Naomi,  wife  of  Elijah  Coffin.  2.  llordecai, 
who  married  Rhoda  Dicks,  in  N.  C. ;  removed  to  Milton  in  1827, 
commenced  business  as  a  saddler,  and  continued  it  about 
25  years,  when  he  removed  to  his  farm  near  town,  which  he 
conducted  about  16  years  ;  and  in  1868  removed  to  Richmond, 
where  he  now  resides.  He  had  9  children,  besides  3  who  died 
in  infancy  and  childhood:  Elizabeth  D.,  wife  of  Samuel  F. 
Fletcher,  in  Richmond.  Benajah  W.,  who  married  Martha 
Ann  Wilson,  and  lives  in  Kansas.  Semina,  wife  of  Dr.  Wm. 
P.  Waring,  Richmond.  Martha  W.,  wife  of  Joshua  Moffitt, 
Thorntown,  Ind.  Jesse  D.,  who  married  Louisa  Woodward, 
and  moved  to  Springdale,  Kansas.  Wm.  J.,  who  married 
Eliza  Smith,  of  Indianapolis,  and  is  a  merchant  in  Richmond. 
Francis  Henry,  unmarried;  resides  at  Springville,  Kansas. 
3.  Anna,  second  daughter  of  Benajah  Hiatt,  married  Eli 
Unthank  ;  they  live  at  Spiceland.  4.  Jo/i?i,  who  married  Re- 
becca Unthank;  they  live  at  Spiceland.  5.  Esther  G.,  wife 
of  Joseph  Dickinson,  both  living  and  residing  in  Richmond. 


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WASHINGTON   TOWNSHIP.  329 

6.  Hannah  F.,  wife  of  Charles  Dickinson,  brother  of  Joseph, 
and  lives  at  Spiceland. 

William  Hiatt,  who  remained  in  North  Carolina,  had  9 
children  who  reached  mature  age,  all  of  whom,  except  one, 
came  to  this  county:  1.  Prudcnre,  wife  of  James  Stanley,  w])0 
settled  in  Ohio,  both  still  living,  aged  about  92.  2.  Joel,  who 
settled  at  Milton,  about  1827.  His  son,  Allen,  came  in  1824  or 
1825;  was  first  a  potter,  afterward  a  merchant  at  Knightstown 
and  at  Anderson  a  few  years,  and  for  many  years  at  Milton, 
of  the  firms  of  Moore  &  Hiatt,  and  Hopkins  and  Hiatt.  Isom, 
another  of  his  sons,  removed  west.  3.  Benajah,  subject  of  the 
foregoing  sketch.  4.  Rachel,  wife  of  Wm.  Kersey,  who  settled 
south  of  Dublin,  now  in  Washington  township.  A  son,  Vier- 
ling  Kersey,  is  a  physician  in  Richmond.  Another  son,  also  a 
physician,  resides  3  miles  east  of  Richmond,  and  is  also  a  farmer. 
5.  Silas,  who  married  Anna  Clarj^  and  settled  one  mile  south- 
west of  Milton,  and  died  at  Milton.  6.  Isoyn,  married,  and 
lives  in  Ohio.  7.  Esther,  wife  of  Jesse  Evans,  both  living  2 
miles  west  of  Richmond.  8.  Amor,  who  married  Achsah  Wil- 
lis and  lives  in  Hamilton  county.  9.  Rebecca,  wife  of  Wm. 
Unthank,  Spiceland. 

Jesse  Hiatt,  son  of  Eleazar  Hiatt,  came,  when  young,  with 
his  father,  from  North  Carolina  to  Ohio  in  1815,  and  thence  to 
Richmond  in  the  winter  of  1818-19.  He  was  for  about  five 
years  a  clerk  in  the  store  of  Hiatt  &  Moore,  in  Milton,  and,  in 
1840,  commenced  trade  for  himself,  and  continued  until  1860. 
In  1861  he  removed  to  Dublin,  where  he  is  still  in  business  with 
his  son,  Wm.  F.  He  married  Margaret  Ann  Fletcher.  He  has 
four  children:  William  F.,  who  married  Frances  M.Lawrence, 
daughter  of  Edmund  Lawrence,  formerly  a  county  commis- 
sioner and  a  member  of  the  legislature.  Charles  E.,  who 
married  Ella  Pike,  and  is  on  a  farm  in  Henry  county,  adjoin- 
ing Jackson.  Frank  F.,at  Earlham  College,  and  Sarah  Anna, 
aged  11  years. 

Richard  J.  Hubbard,  son  of  Jeremiah  Hubbard,  was  born 
in  North  Carolina,  and  was  married  to  Sarah  Swain,  Novem- 
ber 26, 1826,  and  in  the  fall  of  1828,  removed  to  Milton,  where 
he  now  resides.  He  is  by  trade  a  carpenter.  He  has  taken 
an  active  interest  in  political  affairs.  About  the  year  1834,  he 
was  elected  a  representative  in  the  state  legislature,  and  re- 


330  HISTORY    OF  WAYNE   COUNTY. 

elected  at  the  next  three  successive  elections.  He  belonged  to 
the  Whig  party;  hut  in  1848  joined  the  Free  Soil  party  in 
support  of  Martin  Van  Buren  and  Charles  F.  Adams,  the 
presidential  nominees  of  the  Buffalo  convention,  by  which 
party  he  was  nominated  as  a  candidate  for  Congress.  He  has 
had  a  life-long  connection  with  the  society  of  Friends.  He 
had  twelve  children,  five  sons  and  seven  daughters,  none  of 
whom  died  until  nearly  full  grown;  and  nearly  all  of  them 
attained  to  manhood  and  womanhood.  Four  of  his  sons 
served  in  the  late  Union  army,  two  of  whom  died  as  veterans 
in  the  service.  Mr.  Hubbard  has  a  brother  at  Newcastle,  But- 
ler Hubbard,  late  recorder  of  Henry  county,  and  two  sisters 
and  a  daughter  who  are  ministers  iu  the  society  of  Friends. 
He  has  a  second  wife. 

William  McGrew,  a  native  of  Kentucky,  moved  from  Ohio, 
and  settled  about  1814  four  miles  east  from  Milton.  He  was 
a  soldier  under  General  Harrison  in  the  war  of  1812.  He  died 
of  cholera,  in  Iowa,  in  1851,  while  on  a  visit,  with  his  wife,  to 
their  children  in  that  state.  Their  children  were :  1.  Lewis, 
who  married  Ann  Highfield,  removed  to  Iowa,  and  died  there. 
2.  Isabella,  wife  of  Charles  Myers;  both  deceased.  3.  John, 
married,  and  resides  at  Muscatine.  4.  Polly,  wife  of  John 
Scott,  who  is  dead;  she  resides  at  Carmel,  Hamilton  county. 
5.  Rachel,  wife  of  B.  Scott,  and  died  in  Illinois.  6.  Charles, 
who  married  Melinda  Hurst,  and  lives  about  5  miles  south-east 
from  Milton.  7.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Dr.  Whitmer,  of  Milton. 
8.  Melinda,  wife  of  Jonathan  Fertish,  Carmel.  9.  Letitia, 
wife  of  James  Morris,  Upland.  10.  James  B.  married  Huldah 
A.  Welliver,  and  is  postmaster,  Dublin.  11.  Hannah,  wife  of 
John  Ewing,  Wabash.  12.  Lindsey  married  Sarah  Zell,  and 
lives  in  Milton. 

Charles  H.  Moore  was  born  October  24,  1806,  in  Person 
county,  N.  C,  and  at  the  age  of  10  years  removed  to  Guilford 
county.  In  1829,  he  removed  to  Milton,  and  engaged  in  the 
saddle  and  harness  making  business.  In  1834,  in  company 
with  Joel  Hiatt,  he  went  into  the  dry  goods  trade  and  the 
saddling  business,  in  which  they  continued  until  1841,  since 
which  time  he  has  lived  on  his  farm  half  a  mile  east  of  town. 
He  is  an  esteemed  citizen  and  an  exemplary  member  of  the 
society    of  Friends.     In    1839,   he    married    Marcia  White, 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  ,331 

daughter  of  Aaron  White.  Their  cliildren,  besides  one  who 
died  in  infancy,  are:  Thomas  Albert,  Mary  Anne,  Morris 
Henry,  Deborah  W.,  Elizabeth  W.,  Marcia  F. 

Joel  Pennington  was  born  in  Huntingdon  county,  Pa., 
February  11, 1709.  He  removed  to  Springboro',  Ohio,  in  1818, 
where  he  married  Ann  jMatthews,  September  8,  1820.  He 
studied  medicine  at  Springboro'  and  Centerville ;  took  his 
first  course  of  lectures  in  1832  or  1833,  and  graduated  at 
Ohio  Medical  College  in  1847.  He  settled  at  Milton  in  Octo- 
ber, 1825,  where  he  has  practiced  his  profession  with  success 
for  forty-six  years.  He  has  probably  had  a  longer  practice 
in  the  county  than  any  other  physician  now  living.  Both 
as  a  professional  man  and  as  a  citizen,  he  has  ever  enjo^'ed 
the  confidence  and  esteem  of  the  community. 


WAYNE  TOWNSHIP. 

Wayne  was  one  of  the  six  townships  formed  after  the 
adoption  of  the  first  state  constitution.  It  probably  con- 
tained about  one-sixth  part  of  the  territory  of  the  county. 
In  forming  Union  county,  in  1819,  the  greater  part  of  Harri- 
son was  taken  into  that  county,  and  the  remainder  was  after- 
ward annexed  to  AVayne  township.  By  the  formation  of 
Boston  and  Abington,  Wayne  was  reduced  to  its  present 
dimensions.  It  is  7  miles  wide  on  its  south  line,  and  al)0ut 
6|  miles  on  its  north  line,  and  is  8  miles  in  length,  north  and 
south,  making  an  area  of  a  little  less  than  55  square  miles. 
It  is  watered,  mainly,  by  the  Whitewater  river  and  its  three 
branches,  or  forks.  East  Fork  enters  it  centrally  on  its  east 
line  ;  Middle  Fork  near  the  north-east  corner,  and  the  two 
joining  about  half  a  mile  above  the  city.  The  AVest  Fork, 
I'rom  Randolph  county,  enters  the  township  directly  north 
from  Richmond,  and  unites  with  the  AVhite water  just  above 
the  railroad  brido-e.  The  Elkhorn,  from  Ohio,  crosses  tlie 
south-cast  corner  of  the  township.  Short  creek,  a  snudl 
stream,  running  a  south-westerly  direction,  enters  the  W  hite- 
water  near  the  south  line  of  the  township.     Lick  creek,  run- 


332  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

ning  south  nearly  the  whole  length  of  the  township  near  its 
west  line,  empties  into  the  Whitewater  near  the  corner  of 
Abington  township. 

Most  of  the  earlier  inhabitants  of  this  county  settled  within 
the  present  limits  of  Wayne  township;  and  as  the  names  of 
the  greater  portion  of  them  have  been  given  in  our  history 
of  the  early  settlements,  few  of  them  will  be  repeated  here. 

Thomas  Roberts,  from  North  Carolina,  settled  on  land  now 
adjoining  the  city  of  Richmond,  where  he  died,  leaving  the 
homestead  in  possession  of  his  youngest  son,  Jonathan,  who 
still  resides  on  it.  Walter,  another  son,  in  1816,  one  mile 
west  of  Dover,  where  he  now  resides. 

Benjamin  Kirk  and  his  son  Isaiah  resided  on  lands  now 
owned  by  David  Railsback.  A  part  of  them  has  been  sold 
in  small  parcels  and  improved,  and  is  known  as  "Linden 
Hills.-" 

Samuel  Cook,  a  native  of  S.  C,  settled  about  the  year  1828, 
on  the  place  where  Mark  E.  Reeves  resides,  near  Richmond, 
and  died  in  1839,  aged  66,  on  the  place  now  occupied  by  his 
son  Elisha.  ' 

Wm.  Harvey,  from  IST.  C,  a  single  man,  came  early,  and 
worked  by  the  day  for  farmers.  After  a  few  years  he  mar- 
ried a  daughter  of  Samuel  Charles,  and  settled  on  the  farm 
where  he  now  resides,  2  miles  south-east  from  Richmond. 
Gasper  Koons,  of  German  descent,  settled  about  2|  miles 
south-east  of  the  city ;  the  land  now  owned  by  his  heirs.  He 
died  in  1820,  aged  61  years. 

Josiah  Moore,  from  Ohio  in  1816,  purchased  a  farm  of 
John  McLane,  where  he  resided  many  years,  sold  his  farm, 
removed  to  Richmond,  where  his  wife  died,  and  a  few  years 
after,  himself  also,  at  an  advanced  age.  Solomon  Horney, 
Sen.,  from  N.  C,  in  1814,  lived  on  the  farm  near  which  he 
entered,  until  his  decease  in  1865,  about  IJ  miles  south-east 
from  Richmond.  Robert  Chapman  was  an  early  settler; 
bought  a  farm  near  the  present  Water  Cure  establishment, 
where  he  died  in  1850,  and  where  his  son  George  lately  re- 
sided. 

Micajah  Henley,  from  IST.  C,  in  1812,  settled  on  the  farm 
now  owned  by  his  son  Samuel,  2  miles  south-east  of  Rich- 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  333 

mond,  where  he  died  in  1857,  aged  72  years.  His  children 
were  Mary,  John,  Rebecca,  ISTaomi,  Martha  (deceased),  wife 
of  Joseph  E.  Strattan,  Samuel,  Henry,  Gnlielnia,  who  married 
Mordecai  Parry,  and  died  in  1849.  John  Pool,  from  X.  C, 
settled  in  1808  Avhore  Phineas  Mather  lives,  2  miles  east  from 
Richmond.  He  died  May  26, 1865,  aged  about  88  years.  He 
had  ten  children;  only  three  now  living. 

Michael  Harvey,  in  1809,  where  Xathan  Hawkins  lives  near 
Richmond.  His  son  Thomas  lives  near  Dover.  Samuel 
"Walker,  from  Ivy.,  where  is  now  the  Bellevue  Water  Cure. 
Wm.  Scarce,  from  Ky.,  on  the  quarter  where  his  son  Jona- 
than and  Elias  Edwards  live.  Samuel  Heritage,  on  land 
bought  by  Wm.  Edwards,  now  owned  by  Isaac  Lamb.  The 
school  section  [16]  on  the  township  south  line,  was  sold  to 
Daniel  Odell,  David  Scarce,  Samuel  Scarce,  Alexander  Grimes; 
present  owners,  I.  Mellender,  Anthony  Grimes,  Solomon 
Miller,  David  Scarce's  heirs,  Christopher  Davidson,  and 
others. 

In  the  south-east  part  of  the  township  Thomas  Bulla,  from 
IST.  C,  settled  in  1806,  on  the  Elkhorn  ;  land  now  owned  by 
Hiram  Bidla.  [Sk.]  He  also  bought  lands  adjoining,  now 
owned  by  John  W.  Raper  and  Samuel  Irwin.  Wm.  Pouts,- 
who  came  with  Bulla,  settled  on  land  adjoining  the  Ohio  line, 
afterward  sold  to  Samuel  Shute,  and  now  owned  by  his  sou 
Aaron  Shute.  Jacob  Pouts,  Sen.,  on  land  now  owned  by 
Charles  Shute's  heirs.  Jacob  Pouts,  Jun.,  settled  at  the  Palls 
of  Short  Creek;  land  now  owned  by  AVm.  Elliott.  Pouts  re- 
moved to  Illinois,  and  is  still  living.  Samuel  Smith  and  Jacob 
Smith,  near  the  Elkhorn  ;  the  former  died  about  1850,  the  lat- 
ter in  1857. 

Aaron  Brown,  from  ]S".  J.,  settled  early  near  the  Smiths; 
was  a  successful  farmer,  and  reared  a  large  family.  Advanced 
in  years,  and  having  lost  his  wife,  he  quit  farming,  removed  to 
Richmond,  and  kept  house  with  a  daughter  a  few  years.  He 
was  found  dead  in  his  cistern.  Benj.  B.  Moore,  also  from  IST. 
J.,  came  in  1818,  with  a  grown  family,  and  had  a  iarin  and  a 
saw-mill  on  Short  Creek,  where  he  died  in  1850.  The  land, 
on  which  there  is  a  saw-mill,  is  now  owned  by  Wm.  Elliott.  His 
children  were  Ira,  Matilda,  and  Chalkley.     Ira  lives  4  miles 


334  HISTORY    OP    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

east  of  Richmond,  and  his  son  Benjamin  on  land  adjoining, 
south.  John  Fryer,  where  Samuel  Fryer  lives.  Jonathan 
Edwards,  where  Wm.  M.  Roberts  now  resides. 

Nathaniel  McClure,  Sen.,  settled  early  on  land  now  owned 
by  his  heirs  and  Judge  Holland.  jSTathaniel  McClure,  Jun., 
on  the  south  line;  land  now  owned  by  his  heirs.  James  East 
and  Widow  Davidson  bought  the  quarter  now  owned  by 
George  Grimes'  heirs.  John  Dugan,  Sen.,  the  quarter,  a  part 
of  which  is  owned  by  Charles  Paully,  the  other  part  occupied 
by  Joseph  Brown.  Mark  Kirby,  from  Del.,  settled,  in  1829, 
3  miles  south-east  from  Richmond,  where  the  widow  of  bis 
son  Edward  lives.  Samuel  Holmes  settled  on  the  land  now 
owned  by  Walker  Holmes,  2|  miles  south-east  from  Richmond. 
E"athan  Small  settled  where  S.  Kirby  lives.  Wra.  Edwards 
and  Benj.  Small  on  the  land  now  owned  by  C.  Hageman,  4 
miles  south-east  from  Richmond.  James  Brown  and  John 
Walker  settled  on  the  lands  now  owned  by  Ira  Moore  and  his 
son  Benjamin,  on  the  east  line  of  the  township. 

Further  north,  and  east  of  Richmond,  Samuel  Morris,  (not 
the  first  owner,)  settled  on  the  quarter  now  owned  by  H.  L. 
Wetheral  and  Benj.  Lloyd.  The  farms  earlj^  owned  by  Amos 
Hawkins,  James  Alexander,  and  Stephen  Thomas,  are  now 
owned  by  David  Sands,  who  came,  when  a  boy,  with  his 
father,  from  the  South,  and  lived  about  Whitewater,  penniless, 
without  education,  and  was  for  a  time  a  common  teamster. 
The  old  homestead  of  Robert  Hill  was  many  3'ears  ago  in  the 
hands  of  Amos  Clawson,  where  he  kept  a  tavern,  sign  of 
"  Green  Tree,"  now  owned  by  Andrew  F.  Scott,  of  Richmond. 
Joseph  W^iite  settled  near  the  Ohio  line,  where  he  died  in 
1868.  He  owned  other  lands  near,  which  are  owned  by  his 
heirs.     His  widow  resides  on  the  homestead. 

In  the  north-east  part  of  the  township,  Jesse  Clark,  from  IST. 
C,  in  1814,  settled  3  miles  north-east  from  Richmond,  and 
died  in  1822,  He  built  a  fulling-mill,  probably  the  first  in  the 
county.  His  son  Elwood  lives  4  miles  north-east  from  Rich-^ 
mond;  a  daughter,  Gulielma,  in  Leavenworth,  Kansas.  James 
Moore,  a  native  of  Georgia,  from  Ohio  in  1817,  settled  2J 
miles  north-east  of  Richmond,  where  he  still  resides.  Jona- 
than, Enos,  Jacob,  and  N'athan   Grave,  from  Del.,  settled  in 


AVAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  335 

1816  near  and  south  of  ]\[i(ldleborouoh.  [See  tlic  Grave 
Family.]  Joseph  Srra\vhri(lq'e,  from  Pa.,  where  his  son 
Tliomas   CUirkson  lives,  3  miles  north-east    from   l-iiclimond. 

Samuel  E.  Iredell,  from  Philadelphia,  in  1835  came  to  Rich- 
mond, where  he  died  in  1865.  llis  sons  John  and  Samuel  re- 
side about  4  miles  north-east  from  Richmond. 

Seth  Cook,  from  Carolina,  settled  2  miles  south  from  Mid- 
dleboro',  near  where  his  son  Elijah  Cook  and  R.  Commons  re- 
side. Harvey  Cook,  son  of  Amos  Cook,  next  nortli  of  Elijah 
Cook.  Amos  is  a  brother  of  Elias.  AVm.  Bond  settled  on  and 
near  the  lands,  a  mile  below  Middleboro",  now  owned  by 
James  F.  Iverlin,  Hugh  Moffitt,  and  E.  Jeifeis.  AVm.  Brown, 
where  Joel  Railsback  resides,  2h  miles  north  of  Richmond. 
Abner  Clawson,  where  Elihu  Williams  lives.  Josiah  Clawson, 
on  land  now  owned  l)y  Hugh  Moffitt  and  M.  ^Vessels,  2h 
miles  north-east  from  Richmond. 

In  the  north  part  of  the  township),  John  Morrow  resides  on 
the  north  line;  he  is  a  son  of  John  Morrow,  who  settled  near 
Richmond  in  1818,  and  died  in  1825,  aged  about  60. 

John  Hiatt,  from  N.  C.  in  1809,  settled  near  the  township 
north  line,  and  died  in  1825.  His  son  Riley  resides  near  Ches- 
ter. Paul  Starbuck,  a  native  of  Mass.,  from  X.  C.  in  1811, 
settled  where  liis  son  Paul  lives,  1  miles  north  of  Richmond. 
John  and  Elias  are  liis  sons.  Joshua  Pickett,  from  X.  C,  3 
miles  north  from  Richmond,  near  where  his  son  Benjamin  now 
resides.  Paul  Starbuck,  a  native  of  Mass.,  from  IST.  C.  in  1811, 
settled  in  the  north  ]>art  of  the  township,  and  died  in  1815. 
His  son  Paul  lives  4  miles  north  of  Richmond. 

In  the  north-west  part,  Jonathan  Yotaw,  from  Ya.  in  1817, 
settled  where  the  Widow  Hampton  resides.  His  children : 
Isaac,  who  resides  2  miles  north-west  from  Chester,  in  Xew 
Garden  ;  Eunice,  wife  of  Eli  Rogers,  of  Richmond;  Eleanor; 
Jonatljan  A'otaw  died  in  1823,  aged  about  35  jears.  David 
Hampton,  a  native  of  Ya.,  came  to  Richmond  in  1817;  mar- 
ried in  Ohio,  in  1818,  and  settled  near  where  his  sons  now  live, 
near  Votaw  station.  His  children  are  Lewis,  Jacob,  Jehiei, 
Emily,  AVilliam,  Sarah  Ann,  John  D.,  Mahlon.  Davitl  Hamp- 
ton died  in  1855,  at  the  age  of  ijO.  Wni.  Kendall,  lK)rn  in  X. 
C.   in  1808,  married  Abigail,  daughter  of  Michael    Weesuer, 


336  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

settled  one  mile  north-west  of  Chester,  died  1870.  John  Jay 
entered,  in  the  north-west  corner  of  the  township,  the  land 
on  which  his  grandson  J.  W.  Jay  resides. 

Thomas  H.  Shearon  and  his  brothers  William,  Warner,  and 
Oliver  H.,  settled  near  the  west  line,  where  the  first  three  still 
reside.  [See  Sk.  of  Caleb  Shearon.]  James  P.  Reid  settled 
where  he  now  resides,  4  miles  north-west  from  Richmond. 

In  the  west  part  of  the  township,  George  Smith,  from  South 
Carolina,  settled,  in  1809,  2  miles  north-west  from  Richmond, 
on  the  land  now  owned  by  Levinus  King,  of  Richmond.  He 
was  a  devout  member  of  the  Methodist  Church,  and  an  ef- 
ficient laborer  in  building  up  that  denomination  in  this  county- 
He  lived  the  last  three  years  of  his  life  with  his  youngest  son, 
Rev.  Wm.  C.  Smith,  during  which  time  his  wife  died.  He 
died  in  Indianapolis  in  1857,  in  his  81st  year. 

Jesse  Evans,  born  in  JST.  C,  came  from  Ohio  to  Richmond  in 
1822,  afterward  settled  IJ  miles  from  Richmond,  where  he 
now  resides.  Richard  Pedrick  settled  early  one  mile  west  of 
Richmond;  sold  most  of  his  lands,  retaining  the  homestead, 
and  resides  in  the  city.  Wm.  Thistlethwaite,  in  1830,  settled 
near  and  west  of  Richmond.  [Sk.]  Elisha  l!^orris,  a  native  of 
Md.,  settled  in  West  Richmond,  in  1835,  near  where  he  now 
resides.  Thomas  Aired,  from  Ohio,  after  service  in  the  war  of 
1812,  settled  one  mile  west  from  Richmond,  and  died  in  1859. 
His  daughter  Marian  was  married  to  John  Duke;  Lill  Ann, 
to  L.  R.  Thomas;  Mary,  to  Alfred  Hoover.  John  Wilcoxen, 
born  in  Maryland  in  1790,  came  from  Ohio  to  Richmond  in 
1821;  worked  in  the  Morrisson  tannery,  and  now  resides  half  a 
mile  west  of  the  city.  Enoch  Railsback  settled  near  the  west 
line  of  the  township,  on  the  farm,  a  part  of  which  was  the  site 
of  Salisbury,  the  first  county  seat. 

In  the  south-ioest  part  of  the  towuship,  James  Black  and  his 
son  Gwyn,  from  Ky.,  settled  where  Gwyn  and  his  son  Albert 
reside,  2|  miles  south-west  from  Richmond.  Jeremiah  Meek 
on  the  river,  2  miles  below  Richmond,  where  his  son  Morton 
Meek  resides.     C.  Buhl,  on  land  now  owned  by  his  heirs. 


sass,    ■^s^ 


Mm  i^mm^. 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  337 

Biographical  ami   Genealogical. 

John  Barnes  was  born  in  Trenton,  New  Jersey,  November 
10,  1781,  and  was  married  in  Philadelphia,  in  1804,  to  Eliza- 
beth Williamson,  whence  they  removed  to  Berks  connty, 
Penn.,  where  they  resided  until  the  year  1825,  when  they  re- 
moved to  Richmond.  After  residing  there  about  a  year,  he 
bought  of  David  Holloway  the  farm  known  as  the  Fleming 
place,  about  3  miles  east  ffom  Richmond,  where  he  resided 
nearly  twenty-three  years.  Mrs.  Barnes  died  January  1, 1841, 
in  her  61st  year.  The  children  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Barnes 
were :  1.  Elizabeth  W.,  born  February  10,  1805,  was  married 
January  4,  1827,  to  Samuel  W.  Smith,  and  died  August  23, 
1827.  2.  3Iartha  B.,  born  March  3,  1807,  and  died  July  21, 
1829.  3.  Isaac  N.,  born  February  8,  1809,  resides  in  St. 
Louis.  4.  Joseph  W.,  born  August  13,  1812,  and  resides  in 
New  Orleans.  5.  John,  born  June  10, 1814,  and  died  October 
7,  1824.  6.  William  B.,  born  March  25,  181G,  and  resides  at 
Davenport,  Iowa.  7.  George  W.,  born  May  1,  1819,  and  is 
a  merchant  in  Richmond.  8.  Robert,  born  June  24,  1821 ; 
died  September  6,  1825.  John  Barnes  lived,  for  the  last 
twelve  years  of  his  life,  with  his  son  George  "W.,  in  Rich- 
mond, and  died  May  7,  1863,  in  his  82d  year. 

William  Baxter  was  born  in  England,  February  11,  1824; 
came  to  this  country  in  1848,  and  settled  in  Philadelphia.  He 
engaged  as  book-keeper  and  cashier  in  a  wholesale  dry  goods 
store,  at  §8  a  week.  By  his  unusual  industry,  application, 
and  business  capacity,  he  soon  gained  the  unbounded  con- 
fidence of  his  employers,  and  after  the  short  space  of  eight 
months,  one  of  the  partners  retiring  from  the  firm,  ottered 
him  a  partnership  in  the  wool  trade,  in  which  they  continued 
about  15  years;  his  partner  from  time  to  time,  unsolicited, 
increasing  his  share  of  the  profits  until  they  divided  equally. 
They  supplied,  chiefly,  New  England  and  Germantown  man- 
ufacturers. In  1864,  he  retired  with  an  ample  fortune,  the 
reward  of  assiduous  and  careful  attention  to  business.  In 
1864,  he  bought  of  James  E.  Reeves  the  farm  originally  en- 
tered and  settled  by  John  Charles,  and  afterward  owned  suc- 
cessively by  Oliver  Kinsey,  Robert  Morrisson,  and  Mr. 
25 


66ii  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COimTY. 

Reeves.  He  has  expended  on  the  farm  and  buildings,  a  sum 
nearly  equal  to  the  purchase  money.  About  two-thirds  of 
the  farm  have  been  thoroughly  drained — the  drains  averaging 
about  3  feet  in  depth,  and  24  feet  apart.  He  has  probably 
the  most  convenient  arrangements  for  cooking  food  for  cattle 
and  swine  in  the  state  ;  and  he  finds  this  the  most  economical 
way  of  feeding.  As  the  result  of  these  improvements  he  has 
already  doubled  the  products  per  acre  of  a  large  proportion 
of  his  farm.  His  highest  ambition  is  to  make  a  model  farm, 
and  by  successful  experiment  to  stimulate  the  farmers  of  the 
county  to  the  adoption  of  improved  modes  of  agriculture. 
Mr.  Baxter,  several  years  before  his  removal  to  this  place, 
married  Mary  Barker,  an  adopted  daughter  of  Hugh  Moffitt, 
by  whom  he  has  six  children,  five  daughters  and  a  sou.  He 
is  a  member  of  the  society  of  Friends  known  as  the  White- 
water meeting. 

Thomas  Bulla  was  born  in  Chester  county,  Pa.,  April  19, 
1780,  and  while  young,  emigrated  with  his  father  to  JSTorth 
Carolina,  in  the  time  of  the  Revolutionary  war.  At  the  age 
of  19,  he  married  Mary  Fonts,  by  whom  he  had  two  children, 
Lenore  and  Thomas.  In  the  fall  of  1804,  he  came  with  his 
family  to  Germantown,  Ohio,  where  his  father-in-law  resided. 
They  crossed  the  Ohio  at  Cincinnati,  where  he  saw  but  three 
brick  houses.  In  November,  1805,  he  started  with  six  others 
in  search  of  land.  After  ten  days'  journey  and  thirty 
miles  travel  with  a  two-horse  team  through  the  wilderness, 
cutting  their  road  from  E.iton,  twelve  miles,  they  camped 
half  a  mile  south  of  where  he  afterward  settled,  5  miles  south- 
east of  Richmond,  near  the  south-east  corner  of  Wayne 
township.  Three  of  them,  Jesse  Davenport,  Jacob  Fouts 
and  himself  entered  their  lands.  His  wife  dying  in  Septem- 
ber following,  he  deferred  his  removal  until  the  last  of  De- 
cember, 1806,  when,  with  his  two  children  and  a  second  wife, 
Susanna  Mowery,  he  resumed  house-keeping  in  his  log  cabin. 
Coming  so  soon  after  those  of  the  Holman  and  Rue  settle- 
ment, he  and  his  neighbors  were  subjected  to  like  privations 
and  hardships.  They  had  to  pack  their  breadstuffs  on  horse- 
back from  the  settlements  in  Ohio,  and  take  their  first  crops 
of  grain  into  that  state,  a  distance  of  12  miles,  to  be  ground. 


(^'-^^l^a^^^^yQ.^^^si^ 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  339 

Mr.  Bulla  had  by  his  second  wife  16  children — making  in 
all  18 ;  of  whom  the  following  passed  the  age  of  infancy  :  1. 
Sarah,  who  married  Joel  East.  They  reside  in  Cass  county, 
Michigan.  2.  William,  who  married,  first,  Mary  Edwards, 
and  settled  in  Preble  county,  Ohio  ;  second,  Martha  Green. 
8.  Joseph  M.  [See  Sketch.]  4.  John,  who  married  in  Preble 
county,  Ohio,  and  died  in  Goshen,  Elkhart  county,  Ind.  5. 
Isaac  N.,  who  graduated  at  the  Medical  College  of  Ohio,  and 
died  in  1841,  at  the  age  of  25.  6.  Susan,  who  married  Joseph 
Matlack,  and  resides  4  miles  north  of  Richmond.  7,  8.  Chris- 
tina and  Nancy,  both  of  whom  died  in  1841.  9.  James,  who 
died  at  11.  10.  Hiram,  who  nuirried  Elizabeth  Staley,  of 
Preble  county,  Ohio,  and  lives  on  the  homestead  of  his  father. 
11.  Mary,  who  married  Edward  Shute,  and  resides  in  Clark 
county,  111.  12.  Chester,  who  married  Sarah  A.  Davidson, 
and  resides  in  Richmond. 

In  a  "  Pioneer  Sketch  "  written  by  Mr.  Bulla  for  the  Rich- 
mond Palladium  in  1856,  he  says,  that  during  the  period  of 
his  housekeeping,  he  had  lost  fifteen  members  of  his  family  : 
twelve  children,  tw^o  wives,  and  his  mother.  He  died  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1865. 

William  Bulla  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  and,  when 
young,  went  to  I^orth  Carolina.  He  was  there  married  to 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Andrew  Hoover,  who  was  born  De- 
cember 25,  1778.  Mr.  Bulla  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  on 
Middle  Fork,  having  come  with  the  Hoover  family,  and 
settled  in  the  same  neighborhood,  where  he  lived 'until  his 
death,  July  3,  1862.  His  wife  died  March  26,  1857.  He  was 
a  member  of  the  society  of  Friends,  a  friend  of  universal 
freedom,  whose  opposition  to  slavery  was  manifested  in  aid- 
ing fugitives  on  their  way  northward.  His  children  were : 
1.  Anna,  who  married  Evan  Chalfant,  and  died  about  1849, 
in  St.  Joseph  county.  2.  Elizaheth,  who  was  married  to 
Samuel  Burgess,  and  died  in  1858.  3.  Thomas  P.,  to  Hannah 
Draper,  and  resides  at  South  Bend.  4.  Andrew,  an  early 
printer  in  the  county,  and  one  of  the  editors  of  the  We-Hern 
Times,  published  at  Centerville,  who  died,  February,  1832, 
unmarried.  5.  James,  unmarried,  died  in  1861,  in  St.  Joseph 
county,     6.    William  F.,  who  married  Mary  Stevenson,  and 


340  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

resides  at  South  Bend.  7.  David  H.,  who  married  Sarah 
Cox,  and  died  iu  Louisville,  August,  1856.  8.  Darnel,  who 
married  Caroline  Clawson,  and  lives  on  the  homestead,  in  the 
house  in  which  he  was  horn  in  1814,  and  built  by  his  father 
in  1810.  9.  JEcther,  living  in  Richmond,  widow  of  John  W. 
League.  10.  Sarah  B.,  residing  2  miles  north-west  from  Rich- 
mond, widow  of  David  B.  Golden.  11.  John  H.,  who  mar- 
ried Ann  H.  Crampton,  and  lives  in  Laporte  county. 

Samuel  Charles  was  born  in  North  Carolina,  in  1759 ; 
settled,  in  1812,  a  mile  east  of  Richmond,  where  he  died  in 
1849.  His  children  were,  Elizabeth,  who  married  John  Pool; 
John,  who  settled,  in  1809,  where  Wm.  Baxter  now  resides; 
Sarah,  wife  of  Wm.  Harvey;  Gulielma,  wife  of  Micajah  Hen- 
ley ;  Samuel ;  Daniel,  who  resides  in  Green ;  Abigail,  wife  of 
Josiah  Bell,  at  Dublin;  Joseph;  Nathan,  who  died  on  the 
homestead  of  his  father,  in  January,  1871,  where  his  widow 
now  resides.  Their  children  now  living  are  "Wilson,  Matthew, 
Sarah,  Samuel,  Martha.     Rebecca  died  in  June,  1870. 

Jeremiah  Cox,  son  of  Jeremiah  Cox,  of  Richmond,  was 
born  in  Randolph  county,  N.  C,  jSTovember  21, 1790,  and  came 
with  his  father  to  Whitewater  in  1806.  He  settled  in  1812 
where  he  now  resides,  6  miles  north-east  from  Richmond. 
He  there  early  built  a  grist-mill,  and  carried  on  the  milling 
business  with  that  of  farming  for  nearly  50  years.  He  has 
been  married  five  times.  His  first  wife  was  Ruth  Andrew,  by 
whom  he  had  eight  children :  1.  Branson^  who  married 
Catharine  Cook,  and  removed  to  Mississinewa,  where  they 
both  died.  2.  Elihu,  who  married  Martha  Grave,  daughter 
of  Jacob  Grave.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  legislature. 
3.  Robert,  who  married,  1st,  Elvira  Addington ;  2d,  Narcissa 
Way,  daughter  of  the  late  Dr.  Henry  H.  Way,  of  Newport, 
and  is  a  farmer  and  miller  on  the  old  place  of  his  father,  and 
is  postmaster.  4.  Mary,  whose  first  husband  was  Isaac  Cook. 
She  is  now  the  wife  of  David  Little,  who  lives  at  Middle- 
borough.  5.  3Ia,rgery,  who  married  David  Harris,  of  Ran- 
dolph county.  6.  Abigail,  wife  of  Ammiel  Hunt;  both  died 
at  their  residence  in  Center,  he  in  1870,  aged  49.  Their 
children  were  Elvira,  Jemima,  wife  of  J.  W.  Jay,  Nathan  C, 
Jeremiah,    who   died   in   1868,  Oliver  H.,  Eunice   E.     Mrs. 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  341 

Hunt  died  in  1857.  7.  Jeremiah^  who  married,  1st,  Keturah 
Hunt,  2d,  Delila  Garrotsoii,  and  resides  at -Greenvale,  Joe 
Daviess  county,  111.  8.  Hannah,  who  married  Elihu  Adding- 
ton,  and  is  not  living.  J.  Cox  married  for  his  second  wife, 
Mrs.  Jemima  Coburn;  for  his  3d,  Hannah  Moore ;  for  his  4th, 
Mrs.  Phebe  Allen  ;  for  his  5th,  Mrs.  Mary  W.  Doyle. 

Grave  Families. — Four  brothers  Grave,  from  Delaware,  in 
1816,  settled  in  the  north-east  part  of  Wayne  township.  1. 
Jonathan  settled  on  land  formerly  owned  by  Tabitha  AVhite, 
adjoining  Middleborough,  west  side,  and  died  about  1824.  He 
had  five  sons  and  two  daughters.  Of  these,  Allen  lives  in 
Minnesota ;  David  T.  died  in  Richmond,  1869  ;  "Warner  re- 
sides on  the  homestead.  Howell,  who  was  engaged  at  farm- 
ing in  New  Garden  many  j^ears,  has  been  for  ten  years,  and  is 
now,  an  iron  merchant  in  Richmond.  2.  Enos  settled  about 
2  miles  south  of  Jonathan,  where  Rollin  T.  Reed  now  re- 
sides ;  taught  school  at  times,  and  held  the  office  of  county 
commissioner.  He  had  four  sons  and  two  daughters.  Kersey 
Grave,  probably  the  only  survivor,  resides  at  the  old  home  of 
his  father.  3.  Jacob  settled  two  miles  south-east  from  Jonathan. 
John  Clawson  now  lives  in  the  old  house.  Sons  of  Jacob 
Grave  were,  Milton,  residence  unknown  ;  Curtis,  lately  hard- 
ware merchant  in  Richmond,  and  Levi,  live  in  Randolph  Co. ; 
Joseph  C.,at  Whitewater.  Martha,  a  daugliter,  wife  of  Elihu 
Cox,  and  had  several  daughters.  4.  Nathan  settled  about  2^ 
miles  nearly  south  of  Middleboro',  where  his  son  Wm.  resides. 
He  had,  by  his  first  wife,  three  sons,  and  one  by  his  second; 
namely,  Stephen,  a  farmer  in  Montgomery  Co. ;  John  L.,  who 
died  in  California;  Pasey,  now  a  judge  in  Kansas,  formerly 
a  clerk  of  the  courts  ;  William,  \vho  resides  on  the  old  home- 
stead. 

John  Hawkins,  Sen.,  a  native  of  South  Carolina,  came  from 
Ohio,  1808,  (?)  and  settled  where  his  grandson  iSTathan  resides, 
on  the  east  side  of,  and  adjoining  Richmond,  and  wliere  he 
died  in  1816.  He  had  three  sons  :  Amos,  John,  and  William; 
and  seven  daughters.  Of  his  sons,  onl}'  John  and  William 
settled  in  the  county — William,  where  Cambridge  City  now 
is  ;  and  John,  in  Wa}' ne  township. 

John  Hawkins,  son  of  John,  Sen.,  from  South  Carolina,  set- 


342  HISTOKY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

tied,  in  1807  or  1808,  one  mile  north-east  from  Richmond, 
where  he  resided  until  his  death,  September  1,  1859,  at  the 
age  of  nearly  82  years.  He  was  married  in  Carolina ;  was  a 
member  of  the  society  of  Friends,  and  was  one  of  those,  else- 
where noticed,  who  w^ere  imprisoned  in  the  jail  at  Salisbury 
for  non-compliance  with  the  military  law  during  the  war  of 
1812,  He  had  four  children  :  1.  Tamar,  who  married  Isaac 
Reynolds ;  both  died  in  Dalton.  2.  Sarah,  who  married  Da- 
vid Jessup,  and  resides  in  Cambridge  City.  3.  Nathan,  [Sk.] 
4.  John,  who  married  Mary  Jessup,  and  lives  on  the  home- 
stead of  his  father. 

Nathan  Hawkins,  son  of  John,  last  above  noticed,  was 
born  April  15,  1808,  and  was  married,  Jan.  1,  1830,  to  Sarah, 
daughter  of  Elijah  "Wright,  and  settled,  soon  after,  where  he 
still  resides,  on  the  farm  first  owned  by  John  Harvey.  His 
children  were  :  1.  William,  who  married  Duannah  Burgoyne, 
and  lives  in  Hlinois.  2.  Eliza,  who  married  Daniel  Comer, 
and  lives  in  Randolph  county.  3.  Lydia,  who  married  Cor- 
nelius Terpening,  and  resides  in  Hlinois.  4.  John,  who  mar- 
ried Martha  Jessup,  in  Randolph  Co.,  and  lives  in  Illinois.  5. 
Henry,  unmarried.  6.  Eli,  who  married  Alice  Shaw,  and  re- 
sides near  his  father's.  7.  Jane  S.,  who  married  John  W. 
Burgoyne,  at  Catlin,  111.  8.  Allen,  who  married  Ann  E. 
Hockett,  and  lives  with  his  father.  9.  Charles  N.,  who  died 
at  19.  10.  George  W.,  unmarried.  The  wife  of  Nathan  Haw- 
kins died  October  10,  1867. 

Amos  Hawkins,  brother  of  John  Hawkins,  Sen.,  settled  in 
the  township.  He  had  but  one  son,  Jonathan,  and  three 
daughters :  Charity,  Eliza,  and  Martha.  Jonathan's  sons 
were  Newton,  and  Amos  L.,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Mor- 
decai  Parry,  Amos  Hawkins  was  born  in  1757,  and  died  in 
1837,  aged  80  years. 

Benjamin  Hill  was  born  in  North  Carolina,  June  22,  1770. 
In  1802,  he  removed  to  Carroll  county,  Ya.,  and  thence,  in 
the  autumn  of  1806,  with  his  wife  and  five  children,  to  the 
Whitewater  country,  and  settled  about  3  miles  east  from  Rich- 
mond. The  five  children  were,  John,  born  February  20, 1797, 
and  died  in  Rush  county ;  Sarah,  born  June  17,  1798,  who 
was  married  to  Jehoshaphat  Morris ;  Jacob,  born  February 


c^^y'^^^^^Ty'  .-^'^^i^^sv^^. 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  343 

3,  1800,  and  died  in  Ileniy  county  ;  William,  born  March  18, 
1802,  and  died  in  Rush  county  ;  Joseph,  horn  August  4, 1804, 
and  lives  in  Boon  county.  Soon  after  their  arrival  here, 
Mary  was  born  December  27,  1806.  The  wife  of  Bonj,  Hill 
died  soon  after,  and  he  was  married  to  Martha  Cox,  who  was 
born  in  Eandolph  county,  jST.  C,  November  28, 1779,  and  came 
to  Indiana  in  1807.  The  chikh-en  of  this  marriage  were:  1. 
Benjamin,  who  married  Sarah,  a  daughter  of  the  late  David 
Hoover.  Their  children  are  David  H.,  Martha  E.,  Albert  G., 
Henry  L.,  Anna  C,  George  W".  Benj.  Hill  resides  3  miles 
east  of  Eichmond.  2.  Harmon,  who  married  Mary  Hecley. 
3.  Rebecca,  the  first  wife  of  Thomas  Newby.  4.  Ezra,  who 
married  Mary  Kirby.     5.  Enos,  who  married  Elizabeth  Kirby. 

Benj.  Hill,  Sen.,  died  February  9,  1829,  in  his  59th  year; 
Martha  Hill,  his  widow,  born  November  28, 1779,  died  Janu- 
ary 25,  1867. 

Robert  Hill  was  born  January  31, 1780,  in  North  Carolina, 
where  he  married  Susanna  Morgan,  and  in  1806,  settled  about 
3 miles  east  from  Richmond.     His  children  were;  1.  Martha. 

2.  William,  who  married  Zilpha  Hallowell,  and  died  in  Iowa. 

3.  Benjamin,  who  married  Ann  Clark,  and  removed  to  Iowa. 

4.  Samuel,  who  married  Susan  Cook,  and  lives  in  Iowa.  5. 
Elizabeth,  wife  of  Charles  Shute,  who  died  in  this  township. 
6.  Mary,  wife  of  Wm.  Parry.  7.  Pennina,  wife  of  Edward 
Shaw,  in  Richmond.  8.  Charles,  who  married  Jemima 
Clark,    and   lives   in    Richmond.     9.    Robert,    who    married 

Elizabeth  Clawson.     10.  George,  who  married Hibbard. 

Robert  Hill,  Sen.,  married  for  his  second  wife,  Mrs.  Rebecca 
Lathrop.  He  was  a  respected  and  worthy  citizen  and  repre- 
sented the  county  one  or  two  terms  in  the  legislature. 

George  Holman  was  born  in  Maryland,  February  11,  1762; 
and,  when  young,  removed  with  his  father  to  Pennsylvania. 
His  mother  having  died  when  he  was  a  child,  his  father  placed 
him  under  the  care  of  Henry  Holman,  a  brother  of  his  father. 
When  about  16  years  of  age  he  removed  with  his  uncle  Henry 
to  Kentucky.  They  were  accompanied  by  a  few  other  emi- 
grants, among  whom  was  Edward  Holman,  Henry's  brotiier, 
a  member  of  whose  family  was  Richard  Rue,  a  year  or  two 
older  than   George  Holman.     The  company  settled  near  the 


344  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE   COUNTY. 

site  of  the  present  city  of  Louisville.  In  February,  1781,  as  a 
historian  dates  the  event,  but  probably  about  two  years  later, 
Irvin  Ilinton  goinoj  to  Harrodsburg  for  a  load  of  flour,  the 
young  men,  liue  and  Holman,  were  sent  with  him  as  guards 
for  his  protection  against  the  hostile  Indians.  While  on  their 
way  out  they  were  captured  by  a  party  of  thirteen  Indians,  led 
by  one  Simon  Girty,  a  white  man,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  carried  northward  to  Wa-puc-ca-nat-ta,  on  the  Auglaize, 
where  they  were  compelled  to  run  the  gauntlet,  and  barely 
escaped  death.  Hinton  afterward  made  his  escape,  and  was 
recaptured,  and  burned  at  the  stake.  Rue  and  Holman  were 
afterward  sentenced  to  a  similar  death.  Holman  was  rescued 
by  an  Indian,  who  adopted  him  as  a  son.  After  an  affection- 
ate, mutual  embrace,  Rue  was  tied  to  a  stake,  encircled  by 
dry  brushwood.  As  the  faggots  were  about  to  be  applied  to 
the  dry  brush,  a  young  Shawnee  sprang  into  the  ring,  and 
with  a  tomahawk  chopped  off  the  cord  that  bound  him  to  the 
stake;  led  him  out  amidst  the  plaudits  of  some  and  the  threats 
of  others,  and  adopted  him  as  a  brother  in  the  place  of  one  he 
had  recently  lost. 

These  young  men  were  in  captivity  three  years  and  a  half. 
Rue,  who  had  been  the  last  six  months  at  Detroit,  escaped  with 
two  other  captives.  After  traveling  nights  and  resting  by  day 
for  twenty  days,  and  narrowly  escaping  death  by  starvation, 
they  safely  reached  the  Ohio  river.  The  Indians  who  were 
dissatisfied  with  Holman's  release,  succeeded  in  getting  him 
again  put  on  trial,  and  by  a  majority  of  one  vote  he  w^as  ac- 
quitted, and  again  rescued  from  the  stake. 

The  protracted  war  having  brought  great  distress  upon  the 
Indians,  they  ceased  hostilities  for  a  time,  with  a  view  to  re- 
cruiting themselves.  Holman  proposed  that  if  they  would 
send  with  him  to  Kentucky  a  young  Indian  warrior  who  knew 
the  way  to  the  Falls  of  the  Ohio,  he  would  apply  to  a  rich 
uncle  for  the  needed  supplies,  and  obtain  for  them  what  they 
wanted.  To  this  they  assented;  and  Holman,  with  another 
prisoner  and  the  young  warrior,  left  Wa-puc-ca-nat-ta.  Strik- 
ing the  Ohio  a  few  miles  above  Louisville,  they  swam  across 
the  river  with  their  guns  and  blankets  lashed  on  their  backs, 
and   proceeded   to  Louisville,   where   Gen.   Clark   was  then 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  345 

stationed  with  troops  and  military  stores,  with  whom  they 
staid  all  night,  and  who,  having  learned  the  object  of  tlieir 
mission,  ottered  them  all  they  wanted  to  procure  the  ransom 
of  the  two  prisoners.  [The  writer  has  been  told  by  one 
likely  to  know,  that  it  was  the  purpose  of  Holman  to  return 
with  the  Indian,  and  to  become  a  trader  with  the  northern 
tribes.]  A  few  days  after  his  arrival  he  met  at  Edward  llol- 
man's  his  friend  and  fellows-prisoner  Rue,  who  had  arrived 
but  three  days  before.  Prior  to  their  captivity,  Rue  had  been 
in  several  campaigns  under  Gen.  Clark;  after  their  return, 
Rue  was  in  two  and  Holman  in  one. 

In  1804,  Mr.  Holman,  with  his  friend  Rue  and  one  or  two 
others,  came  to  the  Whitewater  country,  bought  their  lands 
two  miles  south  of  the  present  city  of  Richmond,  and  re- 
turned. The  next  year  they  came  with  their  families,  ac- 
companied by  a  number  of  their  Kentucky  friends.  Being 
remote  from  any  settlement,  their  privations  and  sufferings 
were  probably  more  severe  than  those  of  any  who  came  after 
them. 

Mr.  Holman  was  married  in  Kentucky.  He  had  twelve 
children:  1.  Joseph.  [Sk.]  2.  "William,  who  married  Rue 
Meek,  daughter  of  Jacob  Meek ;  was  a  captain  in  the  war  of 
1812,  and  became  a  Methodist  preacher  in  1815;  died  Aug. 

I,  1861.  3.  John,  wdio  died  at  5.  4,  5.  Benjamin  and  Joel, 
in  infancy.  6.  Patsey,  who  married  Wm.  Meek.  7.  Rebecca, 
who  married  John  Woodkirk,  and  died  on  the  Wabash.  8. 
Sarah,  who  married  John  Odell ;  removed  to  Oregon,  where 
he  died,  and  where  she  still  resides.  9.  Greenup,  who  mar- 
ried Lethe  Druley,  and  died  in  Marion,  Grant  Co.  10.  Jesse, 
who  married,  first,  jSTancy  Galbraith,  who  died  in  this  county; 
second,  Sarah  Julian,  and  died  at  Mt.  Vernon,  0.,  in  1868. 

II.  Catharine,  who  married  Adam  Porter.  They  live  at  Del- 
phi, Carroll  Co.  12.  Isaac,  who  married,  removed  to  Cali- 
fornia, and  died  there. 

Andrew  Hoover  was  born  in  Maryland  about  the  year  1751. 
His  father,  Andrew  Hoover,  and  his  wife's  father,  Rudolph 
Waymire,  both  emigrated  from  Germany  to  this  country.  An- 
drew Hoover,  Sen.,  married  Alargaret  Fonts  in  Pennsylvania, 
and  settled  in  Maryland,  where  his  son  Andrew,  the  subject  of 


346  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

this  notice,  was  born.  The  latter  married  Elizabeth  Waymire, 
and  removed  to  i^Torth  Carolina,  where  he  resided  until  the 
autumn  of  180f2.  when,  with  a  larg'e  family,  he  removed  to 
the  Miami  couit.  '^  in  Ohio.  In  1806,  the  family  settled  on 
Middle  Fork  of  ^  hitewater,  a  mile  and  a  half  north-east  of 
where  Richmond  now  stands.  The  circumstances  attending  his 
settlement  have  been  related.  He  had  10  children,  all  of 
whom  were  married,  as  follows  :  1.  Mary,  born  March  3, 1777, 
married  Thomas  ITewraan,  father  of  John  S.  IS'ewman,  now  of 
Indianapolis,  and  died  about  1803.  2.  Elizabeth,  born  Dec. 
25,  1778,  married  Wm.  Bulla,  and  died  about  the  year  1857. 
3.  David ;  [see  Sketch  below.]  4.  Frederick,  born  Sept.  24, 
1783,  married  Catharine  Yount,  cousin  of  Catharine,  David's 
wife,  and  had  11  children.  He  removed  to  the  Wabash,  where 
he  died  April  30,  1868.  5.  Susanna,  born  in  1785,  married 
Elijah  Wright ;  had  10  children,  and  died  in  the  spring  of 
1870.  6.  Henry;  [see  Sketch.]  7.  Rebecca;  [see  Sketch  of 
Isaac  Julian.]  8.  Andrew,  born  June  26, 1793,  married  Guliel- 
ma  RatliflP,  and  died  in  1866.  9.  Catharine,  born  Jan.  4, 
1796,  married  John  McLane;  removed  to  Illinois,  and  died  in 
1865.  10.  Sarah,  born  July  15,  1798,  married  Jacob  Sanders, 
and  had  two  daughters  :  Mary,  who  married  Wm.  Burgess, 
and  is  not  living,  and  Elizabeth,  who  married  Samson  Boon, 
with  whom  Sarah  Sanders  now  resides,  in  Richmond.  Jacob 
Sanders  died  in  1862.  Andrew  Hoover,  father  of  the  family 
sketched  above,  died  near  the  close  of  the  year  1834,  aged 
about  83  years.  He  is  said  to  have  had,  at  the  time  of  his 
death,  upward  of  one  hundred  descendants.  In  a  note  by  the 
editor  of  Judge  Hoover's  Memoir,  he  says :  "  Except  the 
eldest,  who  died  young,  [Mary,  at  the  age  of  about  26,]  his 
children  were  all  living  until  March,  1857 ;  the  oldest  survivor 
being  seventy-eight,  and  the  youngest  fifty-eight  years  of  age. 
In  December,  1854,  an  interesting  reunion  of  these  brothers 
and  sisters  was  had,  at  the  house  of  one  of  their  number,  in 
Richmond." 

David  Hoover,  son  of  Andrew  Hoover,  was  born  in  Ran- 
dolph Co.,  'N.  C,  April  14,  1781.  He  removed  with  his 
father's  family  to  Ohio,  in  1802,  and  thence  in  1807,  to  White- 
water.    [See  page  29,  and  Memoir  written  by  himself.]     He 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  347 

married,  March  31,  1807,  Catharine  Yount,  near  the  Great 
Miami,  and  removed  to  the  land  selected  and  entered  in  1806, 
and  on  which  he  had,  before  his  reraov.  '^uilt  a  log  cabin. 
On  this  farm  he  resided  until  his  death,  in  ^  .  Although  hia 
opportunities  for  acquiring  an  education  were  exceedingly  lim- 
ited, having,  as  he  wrote,  "  never  had  an  opportunity  of  read- 
ing a  new^spaper,  nor  seen  a  bank-note,  until  after  he  was  a 
man  grown,"  he  accumulated  a  fund  of  practical  knowledge 
wdiich  fitted  him  for  the  various  pubhc  trusts  confided  to  him 
by  his  fellow-citizens.  In  1810,  he  was  appointed  a  justice  of 
the  peace  of  "Wayne  county.  In  1815,  he  was  appointed  an 
associate  judge  of  the  Wayne  county  circuit  court.  In  Feb., 
1817,  he  was  elected  clerk  of  that  court,  and  lield  the  ofHce  by 
re-election  nearly  fourteen  years ;  and,  as  is  stated  in  a 
biographical  sketch,  he  might  have  continued  in  the  oiflce 
"had  it  not  been  that,  owing  to  his  domestic  tastes,  he  could 
not  be  prevailed  on  to  remove  to  the  county  seat,  which  the 
people  required  him  to  do."  It  is  mentioned  as  evidence  of 
his  having  the  respect  and  confidence  of  his  fellow-citizens, 
that  he  had  in  his  possession  seven  commissions  for  offices 
which  he  had  held,  besides  his  having  had  a  seat  in  the  senate 
of  the  state  for  six  years.  The  duties  of  these  offices  he  faith- 
fully and  acceptably  discharged.  He  delighted  in  reading. 
He  collected  a  large  and  valuable  library,  embracing  a  wide 
range  of  literature,  science,  and  general  knowledge.  This 
more  than  supplied  the  deficiency  in  his  school  education  ;  and 
his  example  strongly  commends  itself  to  the  thousands  of 
young  men  who  profess  to  deplore  the  want  of  early  educational 
advantages.  They  may  find,  as  he  found  in  the  course  he  pur- 
sued, more  than  a  substitute  for  the  acquisitions  of  some  from 
a  full  collegiate  course.  His  politics  and  religion  he  states 
distinctly  in  his  Memoir:  "In  politics,  I  profess  to  belong  to 
the  Jeffersonian  school ;"  and  he  takes  his  motto  from  Mr. 
Jefferson's  first  inaugural:  "Equal  and  exact  justice  to  all 
men."  He  declares  himself  "  a  firm  believer  in  the  Christian 
religion,"  and  "  opposed  to  all  wars  and  to  slavery." 

Judge  Hoover  had  seven  children,  all  of  whom  were  mar- 
ried:  1.  Hiram,  who  married  Elizabeth  Marmon.  After  her 
death  he  removed  to  Kansas,  where  he  married  Mary  Price,  and 


348  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

died.  2.  Elizabeth  was  married  to  Jacob  Thornburg,  of  l^ew- 
castle,  and  after  his  death,  to  Simon  T.  Powell,  of  the  same 
place.  3.  Susan,  to  Wm.  L.  Brady,  of  Richmond.  4.  Sarah, 
to  Benj.  Hill,  of  Wayne  township.  5.  Isabel,  to  James  M. 
Brown,  of  Richmond.  6.  Esther,  to  Henry  Shroyer,  of  i^ew- 
castle.  7.  David,  to  Phebe  Macy,  and  lives  on  the  homestead 
of  his  father.      Judge  Hoover  died  September  12,  1866. 

Frederic  Hoover,  second  son  of  Andrew  Hoover,  was  born 
in  North  Carolina,  Sept.  24,  1783.  and  came  with  his  father's 
family  to  where  they  settled,  on  Middle  Fork,  in  1806.  He 
married  Catharine  Yount,  a  cousin  of  Catharine  Youut,  the 
wife  of  his  brother  David,  and  settled  in  the  neighborhood  of 
his  father,  where  he  resided  until  the  time  of  his  death.  His 
occupation  was  that  of  a  farmer  during  his  life.  He  never 
sought  public  position  or  notoriety.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
society  of  Friends,  and  conscientious  in  the  discharge  of  duty 
in  the  various  relations  of  life.  Christian  philanthropy  was  a 
prominent  trait  in  his  character.  He  was  an  earnest  advocate 
of  the  abolition  of  slavery,  and  of  the  principles  of  peace,  as 
held  by  the  Friends.  He  had  in  youth  very  limited  educational 
advantages;  but  he  availed  himself,  in  after  life,  of  such  means 
as  were  aflbrded  for  the  cultivation  of  his  mind.  He  was 
withal  personally  agreeable  and  interesting;  and  his  weight 
little  less  than  three  hundred  pounds.  Two  or  three  years  be- 
fore his  death  his  mind  began  to  fail,  and,  at  the  time  of  his 
decease,  was  nearly  a  blank.  Yet  his  devotional  habits  were 
continued  to  the  last,  he  being  regularly  in  his  place  at  the 
Friends'  meeting.  He  died  at  the  residence  of  his  son,  Alex- 
ander, in  Thorntown,  on  the  Wabash,  April  30,  1868.  His 
body  was  brought  home  and  interred  in  the  family  burial- 
ground. 

Henry  Hoover,  third  son  of  Andrew  Hoover,  was  born  in 
N"orth  Carolina,  Sept.  22, 1788,  and  came,  when  about  18  years 
of  age,  with  his  father's  family  to  Whitewater  in  1807.  He 
married  Susanna  Clark,  sister  of  the  late  Daniel  Clark,  of  Wayne 
township,  and  settled  in  the  vicinit}^  of  his  father's  residence. 
Like  the  sons  of  most  of  the  early  settlers,  he  had  grown  up 
where  educational  advantages  were  extremely  limited.  With 
little  more  learning  than  an  imperfect  knowledge  of  reading, 


•'^^^^./^^^ 


'fl-^y'-Ct^-- 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  349 

writing,  and  the  few  simpler  parts  of  arithmetic,  he  commenced 
life  for  himself  on  a  new  farm,  a  condition  generally'  deemed 
unfavorable  to  mental  and  intellectual  improvement.  But, 
like  his  brother  above  noticed,  he  had  recourse  to  home  read- 
ing and  stud}',  which  he,  too,  found  more  than  a  substitute  for 
the  mere  learning  of  the  schools.  Few  in  this  educational  age 
commenced  the  business  of  hfe  with  so  poor  an  education  as 
he  did ;  yet  comparatively  few  became  so  well  fitted  for  life's 
duties  and  responsibilities.  He  was  right  in  considering  the 
additions  he  was  making  to  his  fund  of  practical  knowledge, 
as  no  less  valuable  than  the  yearly  products  of  a  well-cultivated 
farm.  He  was  early  appointed  or  elected  to  ofiices  of  greater 
or  less  responsibility.  He  was  in  1825  a  member  of  the  legis- 
lature, the  first  that  convened  at  Indianapolis.  In  1832,  he 
was  appointed  by  Gen.  Cass,  then  secretary'  of  war,  sec- 
retary to  the  commissioners  appointed  to  hold  two  Indian 
treaties.  In  personal  appearance,  he  is  said  to  have  been  ex- 
celled by  few;  and  his  native  dignity  of  bearing  "gave  the 
world  assurance  of  a  man."  His  religious  history,  though 
showing  changes  in  his  church  relations,  evinces,  nevertheless, 
firmness  of  principle.  He  was  a  member  of  the  society  of 
Friends.  In  1828,  during  the  visit  of  Elias  Hicks  at  Rich- 
mond, after  his  followers  had  separated  from  the  meeting,  Mr. 
Hoover  several  times  attended  his  preaching,  in  consequence 
of  which  he  lost  his  standing  in  the  old  society.  He  did  not, 
however,  join  the  new,  but  remained  for  about  fifteen  years 
without  any  church  connection.  In  1830,  he  removed  to  a 
farm  he  had  purchased  on  Poland's  Fork,  a  few  miles  from  the 
town  of  Washington,  where  he  united  with  the  Methodist 
Church,  of  which  he  was  a  devoted  and  an  active  member. 
Trained  from  his  childhood  in  the  simpler  modes  and  forms  of 
worship,  lie  was  pained  at  the  introduction  of  melodeons,  or- 
gans and  choirs,  and  absented  himself  from  the  meetings  of 
the  church,  and  finally  withdrew.  His  wife  died  Aug.  0, 1853. 
In  December,  1854,  he  married  Mrs.  Lydia  Z.  Yanghan ;  and 
in  1855  he  sold  his  farm  and  removed  to  Richmond,  where  he 
resided  until  his  death,  July  23,  1868,  aged  nearly  80  years. 
Within  the  last  year  of  his  life  he  united  with  the  Filth  street 


350  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

society  of  Friends,  of  which  he  was  a  member  at  the  time  of 
his  death. 

Mr.  Hoover  had  seven  children:  1.  Alfred,  who  married 
Mary  Aired,  and  resides  in  Kosciusko  Co.  2.  Mary,  who 
married  David  Culbertson,  and  died  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Iowa.  3. 
Anna,  who  married  Thomas  Harvey,  who  lives  in  Wayne 
township.  4.  Martha,  who  married  Daniel  Culbertson,  and 
lives  in  the  town  of  Washington.  5.  Allen,  who  married  Ruth 
Jackson;  both  died  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Iowa.  6.  Daniel,  who 
married  Henriett  Heagy.  7.  Henry,  who  married  Louisa 
Lamb,  and  died  at  Mt.  Vernon,  Iowa.  The  two  sons  and  one 
daughter  were  all  buried  within  three  years  after  their  removal 
to  Mt.  Vernon. 

Nathaniel  McClure  settled,  in  1809,  about  3  miles  south- 
east from  Richmond.  He  had  six  sons  and  seven  daughters, 
all  of  whom  attained  the  age  of  majority,  except  a  daughter, 
who  died  at  11.  In  1847,  the  father  and  two  sons  died  on  or 
near  the  same  day.  The  time  between  the  death  of  the 
father  and  that  of  the  younger  son  was  but  two  hours.  The 
father  and  the  two  sons,  James  and  Alexander,  were  buried 
in  one  grave.  Jane,  a  daughter,  died  but  a  few  days  before. 
Three  daughters,  Isabel  D.,  Sarah  W.,  and  Elizabeth  L.,  are 
still  living  in  the  city. 

John  Martin  was  born  in  Delaware,  November  17,  1780, 
and  settled  in  Chester  county.  Pa. ;  was  married  to  Ruth 
Stevens,  and  in  1837  removed  to  Wayne  township,  on  Middle 
Fork  of  Whitewater,  one  mile  south  of  Middleboro'.  ^  About 
the  year  1853,  he  removed  to  Linn  Co.,  Iowa,  where  he  died, 
March  18,  1871.  He  had  six  children  who  passed  the  age  of 
infancy:  1.  John  S.,  who  was  killed  by  the  running  away  of 
a  team,  at  the  age  of  14.  2.  Benjamin  L.  [Sk.]  3.  Nathan 
W.,  unmarried,  in  Linn  county,  Iowa.  4.  Isaac  N.,  who  mar- 
ried Elizabeth  Reed,  daughter  of  John  Reed,  now  of  Rich- 
mond, and  lives  in  Linn  county,  Iowa.  5.  Hannah,  who 
married  Jacob  Brown,  removed  to  Iowa,  and  died  there.  6. 
John  T.,  who  married  Lydia  Moore,  moved  to  Iowa,  thence 
to  Kansas,  where  he  died.  About  the  year  1833,  John  Mar- 
tin removed  to  Linn  county,  Iowa,  and  died  there,  March 
18,  1871. 


/  c^^^c..4^1^^  ^^ 


^<^^ 


WAYNE   TOWNSHIP.  '  351 

Benjamin  L.  Martin,  son  of  John  Martin,  -vvas  born  in 
Chester  county,  Pa.,  December  27,  1806,  and  in  1831,  was 
married  to  Sarah  Chrisman.  In  1839,  he  removed  to  Wayne 
township  in  this  county,  and  in  1849  to  Centerville,  where  he 
was  engaged  as  clerk  in  the  auditor's  office  until  1855,  when 
he  was  elected  county  auditor,  and  in  1859  was  re-elected  for 
a  second  term.  In  1863,  he  was  appointed  by  President  Lin- 
coln paymaster  in  the  army  in  the  Mississippi  department, 
and  served  in  the  Cumberland,  Potomac,  and  IS'orth-western 
departments ;  and  was  mustered  out  of  service  in  December, 
1865.  On  his  return  from  the  army,  he  settled  near  Chester, 
on  the  farm  on  which  he  now  resides.  In  1866,  he  was  elected 
a  representative  in  the  legislature,  and  re-elected  in  1870, 
which  office  he  now  holds.  He  had  seven  children,  besides 
two  that  died  in  infancy:  1.  Rebecca  N.  S.,  who  w^as  married 
to  AVm.  S.  Boyd.  2.  Nathan  W.,  to  Artelissa  Cheeseman,  and 
is  on  a  farm  near  Chester.  3.  John  Wesley,  to  Jennie  Jones, 
and  is  a  merchant  at  Chester.  4.  Benjamin  F.,  to  Sarah  Al- 
media  Jemison,  of  Centerville.  5.  William  C,  to  Angelina 
Hunt,  and  lives  in  Lawrence,  Kansas.  6.  Isaac  iS".,  unmar- 
ried, in  Harrisburg,  Pa.     7.  Theodore  S.,  unmarried,  at  home. 

Meek  Families. — Jacob  Meek,  from  Kentucky,  in  1806, 
settled  tw^o  miles  south  of  Richmond,  where  Charles  Price 
lately  resided.  His  sous  were  :  John,  who  removed  from  the 
county,  and  died.  Jeremiah  L.,  who  came  to  the  township 
in  1807.  [Sk.]  Isaac,  who,  after  a  residence  here  of  many 
years,  removed  to  Illinois,  and  died  there.  William,  who  mar- 
ried Patsey  Holman,  Jacob  Meek's  daughters  were  Patsey, 
who  married  Elijah  Fisher,  an  early  sheriti'  of  the  county ; 
Effie,  who  married  William  Grimes. 

Jeremiah  L.  Meek  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  in  the  year 
1780,  moved  with  his  father  to  Kentucky;  and  in  the  winter 
of  1805-6,  his  father  came  to  Whitewater,  and  was  soon  fol- 
lowed by  Jeremiah,  who  found  his  father  there  living  in  a 
cabin  on  the  place  where  Alexander  Grimes  afterward  lived 
and  died.  In  the  spring  following,  he,  with  others,  went  with 
live  horses  to  Lawrenceburg,  in  quest  of  breadstuff,  and 
were  gone  seven  days.  Lodging  in  the  woods,  they  piled  up 
brush  to  lie  on  for  fear  of  snakes.     They  returned  with  a 


352  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

supply  to  last  until  fall.  His  pioneer  experience  was  an 
interesting  one.  His  sons  were:  1.  William,  who  married 
Sall}^  a  daughter  of  Dauiel  Fonts ;  afterward  removed  to  the 
west.  2.  Franklin,  who  married  a  daughter  of  Wm.  Lamb, 
and  lives  at  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  where  Mr.  Lamb  died.  3. 
Morton,  who  married  Jane,  a  daughter  of  Smith  Hunt,  and 
resides  where  his  father  died,  two  miles  below  Richmond,  on 
the  west  side  of  the  river.  4.  Jeremiah  L.,  who  married  a 
daughter  of  D.  Wilson.  5.  Alexander  G.,  who  died  unmar- 
ried. 

Jeremiah  Meek,  from  Kentucky,  a  cousin  of  Jeremiah  L., 
also  came  about  the  year  1807.  He  was  one  of  the  first  asso- 
ciate judges  of  the  county  courts;  a  member  of  the  consti- 
tutional convention  of  1816,  and  afterward  a  member  of  the 
legislature. 

John  Meek,  sometimes  called  "  little  John,"  was  a  brother 
of  Jeremiah,  the  judge.  His  sons  were:  1.  William,  who 
removed  from  the  county  about  fifty  years  ago.  2.  Joseph, 
who  married  a  daughter  of  Jolm  Smith,  of  Richmond,  and 
resides  in  Abiugton.  3.  John,  who  married  Polly,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Jeremiah  L.  Meek,  and  removed  from  the  county.  4. 
Jeptha,  who  removed  west  some  forty  years  ago.  A  daugh- 
ter of  John  Meek  married  John  Smith,  Jun.,  who  lives  in 
Wabash  county.  Another  daughter  married  Daniel  Fraley, 
and  removed  from  the  county. 

Joshua  Meek,  also  a  brother  of  Jeremiah,  the  judge,  died 
in  the  township.  He  had  a  son,  Jacob,  who  resides  in  Cen- 
ter. Rachel,  a  sister  of  Judge  Meek,  was  the  wife  of  Hugh 
Cwll. 

Charles  Moffitt  was  born  in  IsTorth  Carolina,  September 
25,  1774,  and  was  married,  in  1804,  to  Elizabeth  Cox,  who 
was  born  July  6, 1784,  and  was  a  sister  of  Jeremiah  Cox,  Sen. 
Moffitt  removed  to  Wayne  township  in  1811,  and  settled  on 
the  farm  on  which  his  son  Hugh  Moffitt  resides,  near  Rich- 
mond, where  he  lived  until  his  decease,  December,  1845.  His 
widow  died  November  30,  1860.  They  had  twelve  children, 
besides  one  that  died  in  infancy:  1.  Hugh,  above  mentioned. 
2.  Jeremiah,  who  married  Cynthia  Ann  Cook,  and  settled  at 
Thorntown,  Ind.,  where  he  died,  and  where  she  lives  with  a 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  353 

second  liusband,  James  Wood}-.  3.  Tacy,  who  married  Wm. 
Cloud;  l3otli  reside  there.  4.  Eunice,  unmarried,  at  liich- 
nioud.  5.  Hannah,  who  married,  first,  Jacob  Craig,  who  died 
of  cholera,  in  1834  ;  second,  Dr.  James  W.  Marmon,  who  died 
of  cholera  in  1849  ;  she  died  a  month  after.  G.  John,  who 
married  Martha  Caldwell,  and  after  her  death,  Laura  Aired; 
he  lives  in  Indianapolis.  7.  ]\[ary,  who  died  young.  8.  K'a- 
than,  who  married  lihoda  Ann  Johnson,  daughter  of  James 
Johnson,  late  of  Richmond,  and  died  at  20.  She  married 
Wm.  Butler,  of  Ohio,  and  removed  to  Iowa.  0.  Ruth,  who 
married  Dr.  Joseph  J.  Perry,  of  Richmond.  10.  Elizabeth, 
wife  of  Alpheus  Test,  of  Boston  towhship.  11.  Abijah,  who 
married  Lydia,  daughter  of  "Wm.  Townsend,  deceased,  and 
owns  the  homestead  of  his  father,  but  resides  at  Thorntown, 
Boone  county.  12.  Anna  F.,  wife  of  Eli  Stubbs,  of  Rich- 
mond. 

Hugh  Moffitt,  son  of  Charles  Moffitt,  was  born  ^Nfarch  21, 
1806,  in  Xorth  Carolina,  and  came,  when  young,  with  his 
father  to  Wayne,  in  1811.  He  married  Mary  Childre,  of  Ohio. 
They  never  had  children.  They  have,  however,  adopted 
and  reared  a  number,  one  of  whom  was  !Mary  Barker, 
now  the  wife  of  Wm.  Baxter.  Hugh  Moifitt  settled  soon 
after  marriage  at  Thorntown,  Boone  county,  and  returned  in 
January,  1845,  having,  with  his  brother  Xathan,  bought  his 
father's  grist-mill,  now  owned  by  Benjamin  and  Ezra  Hill, 
with  the  land  adjoining,  where  he  now  resides,  in  tlie  enjoy- 
ment, in  large  measure,  of  the  comforts  and  blessings  of  a 
well-ordered  life. 

Joseph  Parry  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1788,  and  re- 
moved, in  1827,  to  Richmond,  and  died  in  1870.  With  him 
came  six  children,  all  of  them  still  living  :  William,  Robert, 
Isaac,  Grace,  Mordecai,  George.  William,  [Sk.]  Robert, 
Grace,  wife  of  Cornelius  Yanzant,  and  Mordecai,  reside  in 
Richmond ;  Isaac  in  Xorristown,  Penn. ;  George,  since  1849, 
in  California. 

William  Parry,  son  of  Joseph  Parr}-,  was  born  in  Mont- 
gomery county,  Penn.,  in  1810,  and  came,  in  1827,  with  his 
father,  to  Richmond.  He  worked  for  many  years  at  his  trade — 
that  of  plasterer,  and  then  purchased  the  tarm  on  which  he 
26 


354  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

now  resides,  two  miles  north  of  Riclimoncl.  In  1849-51,  he 
constructed  the  turnpike  from  Richmond  to  "Williamsburg, 
and  was  elected  president  of  the  company,  and  has  remained 
such  to  the  present  time.  He  was  also  president  of  the 
Wayne  County  Turnpike  Company  from  1858  till  October, 
1871,  when  the  pressure  of  other  business  compelled  him  to 
resign.  In  1868,  he  was  elected  president  of  the  Cincinnati, 
Richmond,  and  Fort  Wayne  Railroad  Company,  which  posi- 
tion he  still  occupies.  Under  his  energetic  supervision  the 
road  is  rapidly  approaching  completion ;  and  before  the  close 
of  the  present  year  [1871,]  will  be  opened  to  Fort  Wayne. 
And  since  the  year  1853,  he  has  held  the  oflBce  of  township 
trustee.  He  is  an  active  and  efficient  member  of  the  society 
of  Friends.  In  1833,  he  was  married  to  Mary,  daughter  of 
Robert  Hill.  Their  children  are  Joseph,  who  married  Jen- 
nie Ivins  ;  Sarah  ;  Susannah ;  Robert ;  Samuel,  who  married 
Mattie  Smith,  in  October,  1871 ;  Elizabeth,  and  Mary. 

Enoch  Railsback,  son  of  David,  was  born  in  North  Caro- 
lina, May  26,  1798,  and  removed  with  his  father's  family  to 
this  county  in  1807.  He  married  isTancy  Fonts,  daughter  of 
Jacob  Fonts.  After  a  temporary  residence  in  several  places, 
he  settled  permanently,  where  he  now  resides,  on  Wayne 
township  west  line,  a  part  of  his  farm  having  been  the  site  of 
Salisbury.  He  had  six  children  :  Sarah,  wife  of  Andrew  Elia- 
son.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  John  Sellars,  Mound  City,  Kansas. 
Elvonia,  wife  of  John  Pugh,  and  died  at  Centerville,  Jan.  1, 
1851.  Jehiel,  unmarried,  attorney  at  law,  at  Richmond. 
Mary  B.,  who  married  Fabius  Fleming,  Richmond.  Lycur- 
gus,  who  married  Lizzy  Binford,  of  111.,  and  lives  in  Marshall, 
Iowa.  The  Railsback  family  have  an  honorable  connection 
with  the  war  of  the  Revolution.  The  Colonel  relates  the  fol- 
lowing reminiscences  :  His  father,  David  Railsback,  was  as- 
sistant wagon-boy  for  his  brother  Edward,  who  drove  a  four- 
horse  baggage-wagon  for  the  Colonial  army.  At  Gen. 
Gates'  defeat  in  South  Carolina,  while  the  American  forces 
were  giving  way,  he  drove  his  team  hastily  into  a  thicket, 
and  soon  saw  the  British  light-horse  pursuing  our  forces, 
who  met  with  great  slaughter.  Late  at  night  he  left  the 
place  of  his  concealment,  and  returned  safely  with  his  team 
to  Worth  Carolina.     Henry  Railsback,  an  older  brother,  was 


fyiy^^ 


l:..^  ^ 


e>-  i  U-. 


WAYNE    TOWNSHIP.  355 

a  company  officer  in  Gen.  Gates'  army,  and  was  captured  Ijy 
the  British.  On  reaching  their  lines  lie  saw  many  of  his 
Tory  neighbors  who  had  joined  the  British  army,  lie  was 
taken  sick,  and  never  got  home. 

Cornelius  Ratliff,  Sen,  was  born  in  Bucks  Co.,  Pa.,  about 
the  year  1755.  He  was  a  son  of  Joseph  Ratlitl",  who  came 
over  from  England  with  William  Penn,  and  was  present  at 
the  making  of  the  famed  treaty  with  the  Indians  under  the 
great  elm.  He  removed,  when  young,  with  his  father  to 
Kortli  Carolina.  He  there  married  widow  Elizabeth  Charles, 
and  in  iSTovember,  1810,  came  to  Whitewater,  ai;d  settled  a 
mile  north  of  Richmond,  on  the  farm  on  which  his  son  Cor- 
nelius now  resides,  and  which  he  had  purchased  in  1808. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  society  of  Friends.  lie  had  eight 
children,  all  born  in  il^orth  Carolina.  All  lived  to  the  age 
of  majority,  and  were  married  as  follows  :  Maiy,  in  ^S".  C,  to 
Robert,  son  of  John  Smith;  both  deceased.  Elizabeth,  to 
Nathan  Overman,  who  settled  near  Centerville.  Gulielma,  to 
Andrew  Hoover,  and  resides  in  Clinton  Co.  Joseph,  to  Maiy 
Shugart,  of  ISTew  Garden,  and  died  near  Marion,  Grant  Co. 
Sarah,  to  John  Shugart,  of  oSTew  Garden.  Millicent,  lirst,  to 
Benj.  Albertson  ;  second,  to  Thomas  jS'ewmau  ;  both  deceased. 
Cornelius,  to  Mary  Kinley.  Abigail,  to  Joshua  Albertson, 
and  died  in  Clay  township,  where  he  still  resides. 

Cornelius  Ratliff,  son  of  the  above-named,  was  born  in 
North  Carolina,  I)ec.  25,  1798,  and  came  to  this  county  with 
his  father  in  1810.  He  still  resides  on  the  farm  on  which  he 
settled  with  his  father,  having  never  left  the  old  homestead. 
He  was  married  to  Mary  Kinley,  who  Avas  born  March  15, 
1802.  They  had  ten  children,  of  whom  six  are  living  and 
married  :  ^largaret,  to  Simon  Wood,  and  resides  at  Greens- 
boro, Henry  Co.  Joseph  C,  to  Mary  Crawford,  and  lives  in 
Center  township.  Elizabeth,  to  Thompson  Harris,  and  re- 
sides in  Center.  Sarah,  to  Timoth}'  Thistlethwaite,  and  lives 
in  Richmond.  William  P.,  to  Jane  Snyder,  and  resided  in 
Richmond;  w^as  a  merchant,  and  died  in  April,  1871.  Cor- 
nelius, to  Margaret  Masterson,  and  resides  on  the  farm  with 
his  father. 

Miles  J.  Shinn  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  October  3,  1820 ; 


356  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

came  to  Kicliraoud  iu  1838,  with  Reuben  H.  Ivins,with  whom 
he  served  an  apprenticeship  at  shoemakiug.  'In  1842,  he  set 
up  business  for  himself;  but  sold  out  the  same  year  to  John 
rieming,  and  engaged  as  a  journeyman  to  Owen  Edgerton. 
In  1845,  he  again  established  himself  in  the  business.  He 
married,  September  18,  1849,  Anna  C,  daughter  of  Thomas 
Kewman.  In  1850,  he  settled  on  the  Newman  farm,  and  in 
1851  built  on  it  the  house  in  which  he  now  resides,  and  where 
he  still  carries  on  his  trade.  In  1854,  he  formed  a  partner- 
ship with  Joseph  P.  Ratliff  and  Timothy  Thistlethwaite  in 
establishing  a  paper  mill,  and  in  1857  he  sold  his  interest  to 
Samuel  C.  Hill.  He  has  been  an  active  supporter  of  the 
cause  of  temperance;  having  been  allied  with  various  tem- 
perance associations,  several  of  which  were  organized  by  him 
and  with  his  assistance.  And  he  is  now  a  member  of  the 
State  Temperance  Alliance.  He  has  never  spent  three  cents 
for  intoxicating  liquor  to  be  drank  as  a  beverage,  or  for  that 
other  scourge  of  the  human  race,  tobacco.  He  joined  the 
Whitewater  Lodge  of  I.  O.  O.  F.  in  1847,  and  he  has  ever 
since  taken  a  prominent  part  in  the  organization  and  support 
of  associations  of  the  order.  A  friend  of  intellectual  im- 
provement, he  originated  and  assisted  in  organizing,  in  1842, 
a  literary  society  called  the  Washington  Institute  of  Rich- 
mond ;  and,  in  1850,  took  an  active  part  in  organizing  a  simi- 
lar society  of  the  same  name  in  the  Ratliff  school  district,  in 
which  he  resides.  This  society  is  still  continued,  and  has  a 
respectable  library.  He  was  also  one  of  those  who  formed, 
many  years  ago,  the  Cumberland  Presbyterian  Church  in 
Richmond,  since  discontinued.  Mr.  Shinn  has  had  four 
children,  three  sons  and  a  daughter:  Newman  Howard,  Miles 
Webster,  James  Eddy,  and  Indiana  C.  Miles  W.  died  Janu- 
ary 6,  1870. 

Samuel  Shute,  from  N.  J.,  in  1818,  settled  wdiere  his  son 
Aaron  now  lives,  near  the  south-east  corner  of  the  town- 
ship, where  he  died  about  1857.  His  son  Charles,  who  mar- 
ried Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Robert  Hill,  died  about  1862. 
Aaron,  Robert,  and  Samuel  are  the  only  sons  living.  The 
wives  of  Samuel  Erwin  and  James  L.  Morrisson  are  daugh- 


WAYNE   TOWNSHIP.  357 

ters  of  Samuel  Slnite.  Alice,  daughter  of  Aarou  Shute,  is 
the  wife  of  Dr.  W.  R.  Webster,  of  Kidiniond. 

William  Tiiistlethwaite  was  born  in  Yorkshire,  England, 
in  the  year  1792,  and  emigrated  to  this  country  in  1817.  lie 
resided  a  short  time  in  Delaware,  and  removed  to  Chester, 
Pa.  Determined  on  removing  to  the  west,  ho  came  to  Cin- 
cinnati, w^here  he  made  but  a  temporary  stay,  and,  in  the  fall 
of  1829,  came  to  Richmond,  where  he  remained  but  a  short 
time.  Having  a  large  family  of  minor  chiklrcn,  and  having 
been  bred  a  farmer,  he  bought  the  farm  originally  owned  by 
John  Charles,  an  early  settler,  [1809,]  now  the  farm  of  Wm. 
Baxter,  near  Richmond,  to  which  he  removed  in  the  spring 
of  1830.  After  having  remained  a  few  years  on  this  farm, 
which  he  conducted  with  unusual  success,  he  sold  it  to  Oliver 
Kinse}',  and  bought  a  larger  and  newer  farm  farther  west,  on 
or  near  the  line  of  Center  township,  where  he  continued 
farming  on  a  more  extensive  scale  for  several  years,  and  re- 
tired, leaving  the  farm  in  the  care  of  a  son,  and  purchasing  a 
country  seat  about  a  mile  west  of  Richmond.  Here  he  lost 
the  partner  of  his  life  and  labors,  and,  in  1856,  revisited  the 
land  of  his  birth,  and  returned  to  this  country.  In  his  70tli 
year  he  was  again  married;  and  died  on  the  16tli  of  August, 
1871,  in  the  80th  year  of  his  age. 

Joseph  Wasson  was  born  in  England.  Soon  after  his  mar- 
riage, he  embarked  with  his  wife  tor  America.  They  settled 
for  a  brief  period  in  Pennsylvania,  and  removed  to  the  Caro- 
liuas,  where  they  resided  until  they  had  reared  a  family  of 
seven  sons  and  two  daughters,  a  period  embracing  that  of 
the  American  Revolution,  in  Avhicli  he  was  a  soldier.  Gen. 
Greene,  who  had  command  of  the  southern  forces,  detailed  a 
party  to  look  after  the  tories  who  infested  that  part  of  the 
country.  In  a  skirmish  with  them,  Wasson  w^as  shot  by 
one  from  behind  a  tree,  and  disabled  for  life.  The  ball 
lodged  in  his  loins,  where  it  remained  nearh'  forty  years, 
when  it  Avas  extracted  by  a  skillful  surgeon  a  few  years 
before  his  death  in  this  township.  After  his  children  had 
nearly  all  arrived  at  mature  age,  he  left  Forth  Carolina,  and, 
in  1800,  settled  on  East  Fork,  near  the  Ohio  state  line,  where 
now  Fleming  Wasson  resides.     His  children  were  :  1.  Archi- 


358  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

bald,  who  married,  in  N",  C,  Elizabeth  Smith,  and  after  about 
two  years'  sojourn  in  Kentucky,  settled  in  1809  near  the  resi- 
dence of  his  father.  His  children  were  :  Calvin,  who  mar- 
ried Mary,  daughter  of  Wm.  Bond,  and  died  in  January, 
1871,  at  Plainfield,  Ind. ;  Jehiel,  who  married,  first,  Lydia 
Bond,  sister  of  Calvin's  wife  ;  second,  Mrs.  Mason,  and  re- 
sides at  Milton ;  Anselm,  who  married  Euth,  daughter  of 
Israel  Clark,  and  died  at  Mansfield,  Ind.,  February  9,  1871 ; 
Abigail  and  Sarah, who  both  died  in  infancy;  John  Macamy, 
[Sk.]  and  Eliza,  who  married  Jonathan  Moore,  and  resides  in 
Hichmond.  2.  Joseph,  second  son  of  Joseph  "Wasson,  Sen., 
settled  in  Eaton,  Ohio,  and  died  there.  3.  David  married 
Elizabeth,  a  daughter  of  Judge  Peter  Fleming,  and  died 
about  1825.  His  son,  Fleming  "Wasson,  resides  in  this  tow^n- 
ship.  4.  Nathaniel  31cCoy  married  Jane  Strong,  and  died  in 
1868.  5.  John  married  Mary  Smith,  in  IT.  C,  and  died  in 
Wayne  township  about  the  time  of  David's  death.  6.  Ezra 
married  Jane  Campbell,  and  died  in  1847,  in  Whitley  county, 
Ind.  His  son,  John  H.  Wasson,  lives  in  Richmond,  and  is 
agent  of  the  Ohio  Salt  Company.  7.  Lemuel,  unmarried,  re- 
sides in  Kichmond.  8.  31ary  married  Josiah  Campbell,  and 
died  at  Logansport  about  fifteen  years  ago.  9.  Elizabeth 
married  Jonathan  Lambert,  and  died  at  Union  City  about 
1865. 

Joseph  Whits  was  born  in  Kentucky  in  the  year  1800,  and 
came  to  Wayne  township  about  1810,  with  his  mother,  wdio 
settled  with  tlie  family  near  Middleboro'.  [See  Sketch  of 
the  White  family,  Franklin  township.]  Joseph  remained 
with  his  mother  until  1836,  when  they  removed  3  miles  south 
to  where  he  died  in  December,  1868,  near  the  Ohio  state  line, 
east  from  Richmond.  In  1821,  he  married  Alice  Clawson. 
Their  children  are :  Josiah,  who  married  Eliza  Coburn,  and 
after  her  death,  he  married  the  next  year,  [1852,]  Hannah  E. 
Frame.  James,  who  .married  Anna  T.  Stedom.  Lydia,  wife 
of  Reese  Mendenhall.  David,  who  married  iTancy  Straw- 
bridge.  Anna  E.,  wife  of  H.  G.  Nickle.  John.  William, 
who  married  Sarah  H.  Strawbridge.  Joseph  C,  who  married 
Hannah  D.  Dilks.  Mrs.  White  and  all  her  children  reside  in 
Richmond  and  Wayne  township. 


CITY    OF    IHCHMOND.  359 


EICHMOND. 


A  sketch  of  the  settlement  of  the  lands  of  John  Smith  and 
Jeremiah  Cox  on  which  Richmond  stands,  prior  to  its  incor- 
poration as  a  town,  has  been  given  in  the  foregoing  history  of 
Wa3'ne  township.  In  1816,  Smith  laid  out  into  town  lots  the 
land  along  Front  and  Pearl  streets,  south  of  Main  street.  The 
survey  was  made  by  David  Hoover;  and  the  lots  were  "five 
poles  wide,  and  eight  poles  back."  An  acre,  called  the  Public 
Square,  was  reserved  by  Smith  for  such  public  uses  as  he 
should  think  proper.     The  plat,  it  appears,  was  a  small  one. 

The  date  of  the  birth  of  the  town  is  generally  supposed  to 
be  1816.  It  had  no  corporate  existence,  however,  until  after 
Cox's  addition  in  1818,  which  embraced  lands  north  of  Main 
street  and  west  of  Marion.  Agreeably  to  an  act  of  the  legis- 
lature, the  citizens  met  on  the  1st  of  Sept.,  1818,  at  the  house 
of  Thomas  and  Justice,  and  uuanimousl}'  declared  themselves 
in  favor  of  the  incorporation  of  the  town.  Twenty-four  votes 
were  polled.  On  the  14th  of  Sept.,  at  an  election  held  at  the 
same  place,  Ezra  Bos  well,  Thomas  Swain,  Kobert  Morrisson, 
John  McLane,  and  Peter  Johnson  were  elected  trustees.  The 
proceedings  of  both  meetings  were  signed  by  Thomas  Swain, 
as  president,  and  Ezra  Boswell,  as  clerk. 

The  authority  given  to  the  trustees  by  the  general  act  under 
which  the  town  was  incorporated  being  deemed  inadequate  to 
its  efhcient  government,  the  citizens  petitioned  the  legislature 
for  a  special  charter,  which  was  granted.  The  charter  was 
adopted  by  a  vote  of  the  citizens;  and  on  the  13th  of  March, 
1834,  the  day  appointed  for  the  election  of  borough  officers, 
the  following  named  persons  were  chosen  : 

First  Burgess — John  Sailor.  Second  Burgess — Basil  Bright- 
well.  CouNCiLMEN — John  Finley,  Daniel  P.  Wiggins,  Benj. 
Fulghum,  Samuel  Stokes,  Wm.  S.  Addleman,  John  Suff'rins, 
Wm.  Dulin,  Edmund  Grover,  Albert  C.  Blanchard,  Caleb 
Shearon,  John  Hughes,  Joseph  Parry,  Joseph  P.  Osborn.  As- 
sessor— Jacob  Sanders.  Treasurer — Eli  Brown.  High  Con- 
stable— Isaac  Barnes. 


360   '  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

These  officers,  for  reasons  which  do  not  appear,  held  their 
offices  only  until  May,  when  another  election  was  held,  and 
the  following  were  chosen  : 

First  Burgess  —  John  Brady.  Second  Burgess  —  Basil 
Brightwell.  Councilmen — John  Suifrins,  Daniel  P.  Wiggins, 
John  Sailor,  Samuel  Stokes,  Albert  C.  Blanchard,  Wm.  S.  Ad- 
dleman,  Samuel  W.  Smith,  Caleb  Shearon,  Wm.  Dulin,  John 
M.  Laws,  Joseph  Block,  Alexander  Stokes,  David  Hook.  As- 
sessor— Jacob  Sanders.  Treasurer — Eli  Brown.  PIigh  Con- 
stable— Charles  O'Harra. 

Richmond  was  governed  under  this  borough  charter  until 
1840,  when  it  was  incorporated  as  a  city,  under  a  charter 
adopted  by  the  citizens  ;  and  on  the  4th  of  May,  the  following 
officers  were  elected  : 

Mayor  —  John  Sailor.  Councilmen  —  First  Ward^  Basil 
Brightwell,  Benj.  Strattan.  Second  Ward,  Henry  Hollings- 
worth,  Wm.  Cox.  Third  Ward,  Wm.  Parry,  Irvin  Peed, 
Fourth  V/ard,  Nathan  Morgan,  Stephen  Swain.  Treasurer — 
John  Haines.     Marshal — Jesse  Meek.    Assessor — Eh  Brown. 

In  Dec,  1865,  a  general  law  was  passed,  authorizing  the 
people  of  any  town  to  establish  a  city  government  without  a 
special  act  of  the  legislature.  Under  this  law,  city  officers 
were  elected  for  two  years.  Of  the  councilmen,  one  was  chosen 
in  each  ward  every  year  for  the  term  of  two  years. 

John  Sailor  was,  by  successive  elections,  continued  in  the 
office  of  Mayor  until  January,  1852.  He  was  succeeded  by 
John  Finley,  who  held  the  office  until  his  death,  in  1866.  Lewis 
D.  Stubbs  was  chosen  at  a  special  election  to  fill  the  vacancy 
for  the  remainder  of  the  term.  Thomas  ]^.  Young  was 
elected  for  the  next  two  years;  and  in  1869,  was  succeeded  by 
Thomas  W.  Bennett.  James  M.  Poe,  the  present  incumbent, 
was  elected  in  1871. 

The  clerk  was  appointed  by  the  council  until  1853  ;  in  which 
3^ear,  and  since,  he  has  been  chosen  at  the  city  elections.  The 
office  was  held  by  David  P.  HoUoway  until  his  resignation  in 
November,  1853  ;  by  Wm.  W.  Lynde  until  January,  1856;  by 
Wm.  A.  Bickle  until  1858;  by  Benj.  W.  Davis  until  January, 
1866,  when  he  was  succeeded  by  Peter  P.  Kirn,  who  still  holds 
the  office. 


^^^t"^.. 


<^^^^^^.^.^^^ 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  361 

In  182G,  Charles  AV.  Starr  bouglit  of  Jeremiah  Cox  his  un- 
sold lands;  since  which  time  several  additions  have  been 
made  to  the  town  plat,  by  John  and  Samuel  W.  Smith,  and  by 
John  Smith,  in  1827  ;  by  Charles  W.  Starr,  in  1828, 1833,  1831, 
and  1836 ;  and  by  several  other  persons  since. 

The  reason  why  J^orth  Front  street  w-as  so  run  as  not  to 
form  rio^ht  angles  with  Main,  is  thus  given  by  Dr.  Plummer 
in  his  Reminiscences  :  "At  that  time  there  ran  along  the  edge 
of  the  hill  a  county  road,  the  first  perhaps  laid  out  in  Wayne 
county.  ...  To  continue  South  Front  street  directly  north, 
would  run  it  into  wet  grounds  unsuitable  for  a  street  and  for 
building  lots;  besides,  the  street  w^ould  ultimately  run  into  the 
river.  On  the  hill  was  a  road  already  established  ;  no  ground 
w^ould  again  have  to  be  relinquished  for  a  street.  Forty  feet 
was  probably  the  width  of  the  road,  and  that  was  sufficiently 
wide  for  the  wants  of  the  town.  Lots  were  accordingly  laid 
out  along  this  road;  and  the  corners  of  Main  and  Front  streets 
became  important  points.  These  are  the  oldest  streets,  and  for 
a  long  while  w^ere  the  only  ones  in  liichmond." 

The  town  w^as  first  called  Sinithsville,  after  the  name  of  its 
proprietor;  but,  as  Judge  Hoover  says  in  his  Memoir,  "the 
name  not  giving  general  satisfaction,  Thomas  Roberts,  James 
Pegg,  and  myself,  w^ere  chosen  to  select  another.  Roberts  pro- 
posed Waterford  ;  Pegg,  Plaiiijield,  and  I,  Richmond.  The  last 
was  approved  by  the  lot-holders." 

Presnming  that  all  the  legal  voters  were  present  at  the  first 
election  of  officers,  and  allowing  six  inhabitants  to  each  voter, 
which  is  generally  about  the  average  proportion,  the  popula- 
tion would  have  been  about  150.  In  1819,  it  was  estimated  at 
350.  Although  this  estimate  shows  a  much  more  rapid  in- 
crease than  was  maintained  for  several  years  afterward,  it  was 
probably  not  far  from  the  truth.  There  were,  when  the  town 
was  incorporated,  the  stores  of  John  Smith  and  Robert  Alor- 
risson  ;  and  there  w^ere  mechanics  of  most  or  all  of  the  more 
common  trades,  whose  number  continued  to  increase  with  the 
increase  of  the  population  of  the  surrounding  country. 

In  accordance  with  the  prescribed  plan  of  our  history,  wo 
give  the  names  and  occupations  of  some  of  the  earlier  citizens. 


862  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

It  is  impossible,  however,  at  this  late  day,  to  state,  in  regard  to 
most  of  them,  the  year  in  which  each  became  a  resident  of 
the  town. 

Merchants. 

As  is  usual  in  new  countries,  the  early  merchants  of  Rich- 
mond kept  the  various  kinds  of  goods  wanted  by  the  settlers. 
They  were  not  designated  as  dry  goods  merchants,  hardware 
merchants,  druggists,  grocers,  &c.  Not  until  the  country  had  be- 
come well  settled,  was  it  possible  to  keep  up  an  establishment 
confined  to  any  one  of  these  branches  of  trade.  This  division  of 
business,  as  it  is  called,  was  not  commenced  until  about  the  year 
1825,  fifteen  years  after  the  first  store  had  been  established ;  nor 
until  after  the  advent  of  the  first  printer,  by  whom  the  mer- 
chants were  enabled  to  advertise,  in  show-bills  and  the  news- 
paper, the  long  lists  of  their  wares,  embracing  dry  goods,  gro- 
ceries, queeusware,  glassware,  hardware,  nails,  bar,  band,  hoop, 
and  sheet-iron,  school  books  and  stationery,  and  dyestufis; 
sometimes  adding  drugs  and  medicines,  and  not  excepting 
brandy,  rum,  gin,  and  whisky  :  and  this  list  was  generally  sup- 
plemented with  a  string  of  etceteras,  or  "  every  other  article 
usually  kept  in  country  stores." 

The  early  business  men  were  at  length  obliged  to  divide 
the  gains  of  capital  and  labor  with  a  new  set  of  rivals.  Fa- 
vorable reports  from  the  flourishing  town  of  Richmond  had 
gone  abroad,  and  immigrants  from  the  east,  especially  Friends, 
came  in.  Edward  L'.  Frost,  from  Long  Island,  N.  Y.,  with 
w^hom,  as  already  stated,  John  Smith  was  for  a  short  time  as- 
sociated in  trade,  was  probably  the  first  merchant  in  town  after 
Robert  Morrisson.  He  afterward  traded  alone  on  Front  street, 
south  of  Main,  and  removed  to  the  south-east  corner  of  Main 
and  Pearl  streets,  where  he  built,  and  for  several  years  occu- 
pied, a  two-story  frame  building,  subsequently  removed  to 
make  room  for  the  present  brick  building  made  of  the  bricks 
which  had  formed  the  walls  of  the  court-house  at  Salisbury, 
after  the  removal  of  the  county-seat  to  Centerville.  Philemon 
H.  Frost  was  a  clerk  for  his  brother  Edward,  and,  some  think, 
became  a  partner. 

John  Sufirins,  a  native  of  Virginia,  came   from    Ohio  to 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  363 

Richmond,  and  commenced  trade  in  August,  1818,  on  the  east 
side  of  jSTorth  Front  street,  near  Main,  and  soon  after  Ijought 
of  Thomas  and  Justice  their  building  on  the  north-east  corner 
of  Main  and  Front  streets.  He  was  in  business  four  or  five 
years,  and  returned  to  Ohio,  where  he  worked  again  at  his 
trade,  [the  hatter's]  about  three  years ;  and  about  the  year 
1826,  he  came  again  to  Eichmond,  and  engaged  in  the  hat- 
making  business,  which  he  carried  on  many  years  in  Gilbert's 
block.  He  married  Harriet,  daughter  of  the  late  Samuel 
Shute,  and  after  her  death,  a  Mrs.  Thompson,  who  also  died. 
He  is  still  in  the  hat  trade,  south  side  of  Main  street,  between 
Pearl  and  Marion.  James  IMcGuire,  an  Irishman,  after  Suf- 
frins,  traded  a  short  time  at  the  same  place,  corner  of  Main 
and  Front  streets. 

Atticus  Siddall,  who  had  taught  school  in  the  village,  suc- 
ceeded Frost  at  Ham's  corner.  He  was  for  a  time  alone;  af- 
terward in  company  with  a  Dr.  Cook.  His  health  failed,  and 
he  died  many  years  ago.  He  was  the  father  of  Jesse  P.  Sid- 
dall, for  many  years,  and  at  present,  a  prominent  lawyer  in 
Pichniond. 

About  the  year  1822,  John  AVright,  from  Maryland,  com- 
menced business  on  Main  street,  between  Front  and  Pearl. 
He  remained  a  few  years,  and  the  family  dispersed.  The 
business  was  continued  by  his  son-in-law,  Basil  Brightwell, 
who  also  built  a  flouring-mill  near  the  site  of  Jackson,  Swayne 
&  Dunn's  woolen  mills,  below  the  jSTational  bridge.  He  had 
an  extensive  trade,  and  was  apparently — perhaps  really — 
successful  for  several  years.  He  became  deeply  embarrassed, 
and,  apprehending  bankruptcy,  committed  suicide,  leaving 
only  a  son,  his  wife  having  died  a  few  years  before.  His  sou 
also  died  a  lew  years  afterward. 

Joseph  P.  Plummer,  from  Baltimore,  after  a  brief  stay  in 
Cincinnati,  came  to  Richmond  in  1823,  and  coninienced 
business  on  South  Front  street,  in  a  building  previously  oc- 
cupied by  Edward  L.  Frost,  whence  he  removed  to  his 
new  frame  store,  corner  of  Main  and  South  Front,  since 
known  as  Plummer's  corner,  where  now  stands  the  brick 
store  of  Thomas  ISTestor. 

Joseph  P.  Strattau,  a  native  of  Virginia,  came  from  Ohio 


364  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

in  1824  or  1825  ;  was  first  a  clerk  for  Edward  L.  Frost,  and 
afterward  for  Robert  Morrisson,  on  the  north-west  corner  of 
Main  and  Pearl  streets,  where  he  built  a  store  after  the  de- 
struction of  his  first  by  fire.  Strattan,  then  in  partnership 
with  Morrisson,  the  latter  furnishing  the  goods,  com- 
menced trade  at  the  corner  first  occupied  by  Morrisson,  a 
building  having  been  removed  to  that  place — firm,  J.  P. 
Strattan  &  Co.  Morrisson,  who  continued  his  store  at  the 
corner  of  Pearl  street,  sold  a  part  of  his  goods  to  James 
"Woods,  a  clerk  of  Frost,  who  took  them  to  Liberty,  where  he 
established  a  store.  Strattan  having  formed  a  partnership 
with  Daniel  Reid,  a  clerk  of  .Morrisson,  [firm,  Strattan  & 
Reid,]  Morrisson  sold'  them  his  remaining  stock  of  goods, 
and  retired  finally  from  the  mercantile  business.  After  about 
three  years  Strattan  bought  out  Reid,  and  a  year  or  tw^o  after 
sold  out  to  his  brother  Benjamin  Strattan,  and  bought  a  farm 
4  miles  north  of  town,  about  the  year  1833;  remained  there 
four  years,  and  sold  his  farm  to  Oren  Huntington,  then  a 
merchant  in  Richmond,  taking  his  stock  of  goods  in  part 
payment.  He  took  the  goods  to  Dublin,  a  new  town,  where 
he  traded  about  ten  years;  was  at  Louisville,  Henry  Co.,  two 
years;  and  returned  to  Richmond  in  1858. 

David  Holloway,  who  had  removed  in  1813  from  Waynes- 
ville,  Ohio,  to  Cincinnati,  came  in  1823  to  Wayne  township, 
and  bought  the  homestead  of  Judge  Peter  Fleming,  near  the 
state  line,  and,  in  1825,  removed  to  Richmond,  and  com- 
menced business  on  the  north-east  corner  of  Main  and  Front 
streets.  After  a  few  years  of  successful  business  he  retired, 
and  was  succeeded  by  Wm.  Hill,  son  of  Robert  Hill,  an  early 
settler.  He  bought  another  farm  a  short  distance  north-east 
from  the  town,  and  a  few  years  after  returned  to  Richmond, 
corner  of  Pearl  and  Spring  streets,  where  he  died  in  1855. 

Jeremy  Mansur,  an  early  settler,  and  for  several  years  a 
skillful  edge-tool  maker  at  Salisbury  and  for  many  years  a 
farmer  about  3  miles  west  from  Richmond,  commenced  the 
mercantile  business  in  the  city  in  1831,  on  the  south-west 
corner  of  Main  and  Pearl  streets,  known  as  Plummer's  cor- 
ner, and  continued  the  business  about  eight  years,  and  re- 


CITY    OF  EICHMOND.  365 

turned  to  his  farm.  In  1852,  ho  removed  to  Indianapolis, 
where  he  now  resides. 

Edmund  Evans,  of  English  Ijirth,  who  came  from  l>alti- 
more  with  a  grown-np  family  about  the  year  I80I,  and  Ijought 
a  farm  a  short  distance  south-east  from  town,  started,  some 
years  after,  a  wholesale  and  retail  leather  store,  to  which  he 
finally  added  dry  goods.  Ilis  store  was  on  Plummer's  cor- 
ner, and  had  been  previously  occupied  by  Jeremy  Mansur. 
He  died  many  years  ago,  and  more  recently  his  wife. 

Isaac  Gray,  from  Virginia,  came  to  Richmond  in  the  fall 
of  1827,  and  was  in  the  mercantile  business  about  two  years. 
His  store  was  on  the  ground  now  occupied  by  T.  J.  Bargis's 
stove  store,  on  Main  street,  north  side,  between  Pearl  and 
Front  streets.  In  1829,  in  company  with  others,  he  removed 
to  ISTiles,  Mich.,  where  he  was  the  first  postmaster.  A  daugh- 
ter of  his  is  the  present  wife  of  Daniel  Eeid.  Other  chil- 
dren of  his  are  living  in  Niles  and  elsewhere. 

Oren  Huntington,  from  Mass.,  came  to  Richmond  in  Sept., 
1831,  and  went  the  next  year  to  Anderson,  where  he  was  for 
6  years  successfully  engaged  in  the  mercantile  Inisiness.  He 
returned  in  1838;  engaged  the  next  year  as  clerk  for  Samuel 
Fleming,  a  son  of  Judge  Peter  Fleming;  and  in  1840,  in 
company  with  Nathan  Wilson,  bought  Fleming's  stock  in 
trade,  which,  a  year  or  two  afterward,  they  sold  to  Cook  and 
Siddall.  In  or  about  the  year  1814, he  resumed  trade,  and  in 
1845,  sold  his  goods  to  Joseph  P.  Strattan  for  a  farm  a  few 
miles  north  of  Richmond.  After  a  few  years  of  farming,  he 
exchanged  his  farm  Avith  Benj.  Fulghum  for  his  brick  liouse, 
corner  of  Main  and  Franklin  streets,  which  had  been  fitted  up 
for  a  public  house.  He  soon  remodeled  the  house,  and  es- 
tablished a  first-class  hotel,  known  as  the  Huntington  House, 
of  which  he  is  still  the  owner. 

Benjamin    Strattan,  from  ,  came  when   a  youth,  and 

served  several  years  as  a  clerk  for  J.  P.  Strattan  &  Co.,  and 
afterward  for  Strattan  &  Reid,  then  in  Morrisson's  building, 

corner  of  Main  and  Pearl  streets.     In  or  about  the  year , 

he  bought  the  goods  of  his  brother,  Joseph  P.,  then  sole  pro- 
prietor, and  subsequently  tlie  building  of  Morrissou.  Ho 
continued  in  business,  alone  and  in  partnership,  many  years, 


366  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

and  retired  to  a  country  seat  and  farm  3  miles  east  of  the 
city,  Avhere  lie  was  for  several  years  farmer  and  horticultur- 
ist. In  186-,  he  sold  his  farm,  returned  to  the  city,  and  is 
again  in  the  mercantile  business. 

Joseph  "W.  Gilbert,  from  Pa.,  came  to  Richmond  in  1835, 
and  commenced  the  mercantile  business  on  Main  street,  be- 
tween Marion  and  Pearl,  and  discontinued  the  business  in  or 
about  1852.  In  1855,  he  built  the  brick  block  on  what  is 
known  as  Gilbert's  corner.  During  a  part  of  the  time  he 
was  in  trade,  he  also  kept  a  public  house.  He  was  also  for 
twenty-eight  years  a  mail-contractor  and  large  stage  pro- 
prietor, having  lines  running  to  Dayton,  Indianapolis,  Wa- 
bash, and  other  places.  He  resides  in  the  city,  and  is  72 
years  of  age. 

Division  of  Business — Drug   Stores,   Bookstores,  Hardware 
Stores. 

The  natural  result  of  the  increase  of  population  and  trade 
in  Richmond  and  the  surrounding  country,  was  the  division 
of  business.  The  time  was  at  hand  when  silks  and  iron,  laces 
and  fish,  pins  and  crow-bars,  pork  and  molasses,  tea  and  tar, 
were  not  all  to  be  had  at  every  store.  As  early  as  1825, 
"Warner  &  Morrisson  [Dr.  Warner  and  Robert  Morrissou]  ad- 
vertised "  Drugs  and  Medicines,  Oils,  Paints,  Dye-stuffs, 
Patent  Medicines,  &c.,  &c."  But  the  era  in  trade  alluded  to 
can  not,  perhaps,  be  properly  said  to  have  commenced  so 
early.  The  first  store  confined  to  a  separate  branch  of  trade, 
and  comprising  a  considerable  stock  of  goods,  was  a  Drug 
Store,  established  by  Irvin  Reid,  in  1833  ;  embracing,  besides 
drugs  and  medicines,  those  articles  usually  accompanying,  as 
paints,  oil,  dye-stuffs,  &c.,  and  an  assortment  of  Books  and 
Stationery.  After  a  few  years  he  dropped  the  book  business, 
and  continued  the  drug  business  until  1852.  He  then  sold 
out,  bought  the  farm  of  Edmund  Evans,  his  father-in-law, 
near  the  city,  to  which  he  removed.  In  1859,  having  sold  his 
farm  in  parcels  to  German  immigrants,  he  returned  to  the 
city,  and  engaged  in  the  Hardware  trade,  which  is  still  con- 
tinued under  the  firm  of  Irvin  Reid  &  Son. 

In  1836  or  1837,  Jesse  Stanley  established  a  Bookstore, 
•which  he  continued  but  a  short  time.     After  Stanley,  Will- 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  367 

iam  R.  Smith  and  Swain  kept  a  bookstore.  Benjamin  Dng- 
dale,  wlietlier  before  or  after  Stanley,  has  not  been  ascertained, 
established  a  bookstore,  wliieh  Avas  continued  by  him  for 
many  years  until  his  death,  and  by  his  sons  for  some  years 
after. 

The  first  independent  Grocery  Store,  says  Dr.  Plummer,  was 
commenced  in  1838,  by  Haines  &  Farquhar.  j^In  1846,  Benton 
&  Fletcher  established  a  Hanhoare  Store.  They  dissolved 
partnership  and  divided  the  stock,  Benton  continuing  at  the 
stand  of  the  firm,  now  Citizens'  Bank  corner,  and  Fletcher 
removing  to  the  west  side  of  Main  street,  between  Pearl  and 
Marion. 

Innkeepers. 

It  is  related  of  Jeremiah  Cox,  that  he  had  at  first  regarded 
with  disfavor  the  scheme  of  building  up  a  town  ;  and  he  is  said 
to  have  remarked,  that  he  "  would  rather  see  a  buck's  tail  than 
a  tavern  sign."  If  he  spoke  in  reference  to  the  efiects  of  this 
"institution"  upon  the  morals  and  prosperity  of  some  com- 
munities, the  remark  was  not  an  unwise  one.  His  sincerity 
was  evident  from  the  fact,  that  he  did  not  make  bis  addition  to 
the  town  plat  until  two  years  after  the  date  of  Smith's  survey, 
or  two  years  after  Philip  Ilarter  had  a  sign  swinging  near  a 
log  building  on  lot  6,  South  Pearl  street.  Another  early  tav- 
ern was  kept  at  the  north-east  corner  of  Main  and  Pearl,  sign 
of  a  "  green  tree,"  by  Jonathan  Bayles,  and  another,  of  later 
date,  on  Front  street,  near  the  south-west  corner  of  Main,  by 
Ephraim  Lacey.  Ilarter  soon  afterward  kept  a  tavern  at  the 
corner  of  Korth  Pearl  and  Main,  where  the  Citizens'  Bank  now 
stands,  then  called  Harter's  corner.  Another  tavern  was  kept 
on  Gilbert's  corner,  north-west  corner  of  Main  and  Marion, 
first,  it  is  believed,  by  Abraham  Jeffries,  afterward  by  several 
different  persons. 

liichard  Cheeseman  was  an  early  settler,  lived  on  South 
Front  street,  kept  a  tavern  several  years,  and  removed  to 
Center  township,  where  he  died,  William,  a  nephew,  re- 
mained in  Richmond,  and  married  a  Miss  Mofiitt.  Both,  it  is 
believed,  are  living.  John  Baldwin,  an  original  Carolinian, 
early  kept  a  tavern  and  store  at  the  Citizens'  Bank  corner.  He 
went  west,  and  became  a  trader  with  the  Indians.     Their  sav- 


368  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

age  nature  having  at  one  time  been  excited  by  liquor  which 
he  had  sold  them,  they  scalped,  or  partially  scalped,  him  alive  ; 
but  he  survived  the  operation.  He  returned  to  the  county,  and 
died  six  miles  north  of  Richmond,  in  1869.  Next  to  Baldwin, 
"Wm.  H.  Vaughan  occupied  the  stand  for  several  years,  and 
the  tavern  was  discontinued.  Yaughan  had  previously  kept 
for  a  time  the  Lacey  stand  on  Front  street.  Patrick  Justice 
early  kept  a  tavern  on  !N"orth  Front  street,  near  Main,  for  sev- 
eral years.  He  afterward  kept  a  public  house  which  he  built 
in  1827,  near  the  extreme  limits  of  the  town,  now  the  south- 
east corner  of  Main  and  Fifth  streets.  He  removed  from  the 
county;  and  the  house,  after  having  been  used  as  a  tavern  a 
few  years  longer,  was  turned  to  mechanical  uses. 

Benj.  Paige,  a  'New  Englander,  father  of  Palph  Paige,  now 
a  merchant  in  Main  street,  kept  a  tavern  previously  to  1830,  at 
the  corner  originally  owned  by  John  C.  Kibbey,  an  early  inn- 
keeper, and  known  as  Meek's  corner,  north-east  corner  of  Main 
and  Marion.  Abraham  Jeffries  had  a  tavern  on  Gilbert's  cor- 
ner ;  kept  it  some  years,  and  was  succeeded  by  Joseph  An- 
drews, a  brother-in-law,  who  died  soon  after. 

Mechanics. 

Blacksmiths. — John  Hunt  is  said  to  have  been  the  first 
blacksmith  in  Richmond.  He  built  a  shop  on  South  Front 
street,  east  side,  in  1816.  Lewis  Burk  cut  in  one  day  the  logs 
for  the  building,  including  the  ribs  and  weight  poles,  on 
Smith's  land  about  two  squares  east,  for  75  cents,  the  job  being 
considered  about  three  days'  work.  John  McLane  was  proba- 
bly the  next  blacksmith  (some  think  the  first)  in  the  town.  He 
and  his  son  John,  and  Isaac  Jackson,  were  the  principal 
'smiths  until  after  1820.  He  was  a  member  of  the  first  board 
of  trustees  of  the  town,  elected  in  1818.  Lewis  Burk,  about 
the  yearl817,  commenced  the  business  2J  miles  south  of  town, 
and  afterward  worked  as  journey&ian  and  in  his  own  shop 
about  twelve  years.  He  was  heard  to  say,  while  in  business  in 
Main  street,  that  he  had  ironed  a  wagon  for  Wm.  Mitchell,  an 
early  settler  near  New  Paris,  0.,  for  which  he  received  1,800 
pounds  of  dressed  pork,  at  §1  per  hundred,  and  sold  it  to  Sam- 
uel W.  Smith  at  the  same  price. 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND,  369 

Archibald  Wassoii,  an  early  settler  near  Ohio  lino,  removed 
to  town,  in  1829,  and  carried  on  the  bhacksmithing  business  for 
many  years.  Jehiel,  a  son  of  his,  came  in  1831,  and  worked 
at  the  same  business  several  years,  on  Main  street,  east  side  of 
the  town.  John  H.  Thomas  came  from  Delaware  with  a  young 
family,  and  has  worked  at  blacksmithing  ever  since.  George 
McCullough,  about  the  same  time  from  the  same  place,  carried 
on  the  business  many  years,  on  Franklin  street,  near  Main  ;  af- 
terward became  a  partner  in  the  firm  of  llorney  &  Co.,  in  the 
manufacture  of  plows,  near  the  railroad  depot.  He  was  for  sev- 
eral years  foreman  in  the  iron  department.  In  18G5,  he  re- 
ceived a  severe  injury,  which  for  a  long  time  disqualified  him 
for  labor.  He  is  still  connected  with  the  firm  above  men- 
tioned. 

David  Maulsby,  from  Maryland,  about  1830,  purchased  on 
Pearl  and  Spring  streets.  He  carried  on  his  trade  successfully 
for  a  number  of  years,  and  retired,  leaving  the  business  in  the 
hands  of  his  only  son,  John  L.  Maulsby.  He  died  soon  after, 
suddenly,  of  apoplexy. 

Mordecai  Parry,  a  brother  of  William,  was  for  many  A'oars  a 
blacksmith  in  Richmond.  By  industry'  and  frugality  while  at 
his  trade,  and  by  the  subsequent  economical  management  of 
his  aft'airs,  he  has  been  successful  in  his  acquisitions. 

Cakpenters. — The  first  carpenter  in  Richmond  is  supposed 
to  have  been  Stephen  Thomas,  who  was  followed,  within  a  few 
years,  by  Peter  Johnson,  Joshua  and  Benjamin  Albertson, 
Evan  Chapin,  and  Mark  Reeves,  father  of  Mark  E.  and  James 
E.  Reeves.  Thomas  Stafford,  who  lived  on  Middle  Fork,  built 
several  houses  in  the  tow^n.  Charles  Cartwright  came  in 
early,  and  was  an  extensive  house  builder.  He  married  a  Miss 
Till,  whose  mother  was  an  early  settler.  They  removed  to  the 
West.  John  Hughes,  from  Pennsylvania,  a  carpenter,  worked 
at  his  trade  in  Richmond  many  years,  and  built  a  house  ou 
Marion  street,  north  of  Main,  where  he  died  in  1869.  David 
Vore,  also  from  Pa.,  came  soon  after  Hughes;  married,  and 
settled  on  Main  street,  where  he  early  built  a  brick  house.  He 
w^as  a  carpenter,  and  worked  at  his  trade  nntil  his  death,  in 
1866. 

Cabinet-makers. — ]^athan  Morgan,  from  X.  J.,was  an  early 
27 


870  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

cabinet-maker,  and  for  mnny  years  the  principal  undertaker  in 
the  town  and  vicinity.  He  conveyed,  in  his  plain  Dearborn 
wagon,  the  remains  of  rich  and  poor  to  their  burial  places.  He 
owned  a  stone  house  on  Pearl  street,  which  is  yet  standing, 
and  said  to  be  the  only  stone  building  in  Richmond.  David 
Hook,  an  early  cabinet-maker,  carried  on  business  a  number  of 
years.  He  was  an  esteemed  citizen,  and  died  many  years  ago. 
Some  of  his  descendants  reside  in  Riclimond.  Jonas  Gaar 
had  a  cabinet-shop  at  the  south  end  of  Front  street.  He  is 
now  senior  partner  of  the  firm  of  Gaar,  Scott  &  Co.,  of  the 
Gaar  Machine  "Works. 

Abraham  Phillips,  from  Pa.,  in  1838,  established  a  shop  in 
South  Pearl  street;  afterward  removed  to  west  side  of  Main 
street,  a  few  doors  east  from  the  corner  of  Marion,  where  he 
soon  after  [1840]  erected  the  building  still  owned  by  him,  and 
occupied  by  James  Elder  as  a  bookstore.  In  1856,  he  and 
James  M.  Starr  built  the  hall  nearly  opposite.  Having  leased 
bis  interest  in  the  hall  to  Starr,  it  was  called  "Starr  Hall," 
until  January,  1865,  when  Phillips  bought  Starr's  interest; 
since  which  it  has  been  known  as  "  Phillips'  Hall." 

Tailors. — Among  the  early  mechanics  in  Richmond  was 
Henry  Burnham,  a  tailor,  near  the  junction  of  Pearl  and 
Front  streets.  Robert  Dilhorn,  a  tailor,  early  from  the  East 
to  Cincinnati,  whence  he  was  "  wagoned  up  "  by  the  assist- 
ance of  the  Friends.  He  settled  on  Middle  Fork,  and  soon 
after  removed  to  Richmond.  He  pursued  his  business  nntil 
his  decease  many  years  ago.  Henry  Dunham,  from  Ohio, 
came  about  the  year  1822  or  1823,  and  carried  on  the  tailor- 
ing business  a  number  of  years,  and  died.  John  Lowe  came 
early;  worked  a  long  time  as  a  journeyman  tailor,  and  mar- 
ried a  daughter  of  Levi  Johnson.  His  wife  died  six  or  eight 
years  ago.     He  resides  in  Richmond. 

Isaac  E.  Jones  came  from  Ohio  in  1824.  He  carried  on 
the  tailoring  business  several  years.  He  afterward,  in  com- 
pany with  Warner  M.  Leeds,  his  brother-in-law,  built  a  saw- 
mill and  other  machinery  near  where  Nixon's  paper  mill  is. 
He  was  also  the  founder,  though  on  a  comparatively  small  scale, 
of  the  Spring  Foundry,  now  the  '•  Gaar  Machine  Works." 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  371 

John  H.  Hutton  also  was  one  of  the  early  tailors;  but  has 
since  been  in  several  different  ki  els  of  business,  as  will  Ijo 
seen  hereafter. 

Harmon  B.  Payne  came  from  Ohio  wlien  a  youth,  and 
worked  at  tailoring'.  After  he  luul  arrived  at  manliood  he 
married  Am}'  Pryor,  and  continued  to  work  at  his  trade  for 
several  3'ears.  He  is  now  a  practicing  lawyer  in  Richmond. 
Abraham  Earnest,  early  from  Ohio,  was  a  tailor,  and  lo'lowed 
his  trade  successfully  for  many  years,  lie  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  Daniel  Ward,  an  early  settler  on  the  hcadwat  rs  of 
Middle  Fork.  lie  has  also  been,  at  ditferent  times,  in  the 
grocery  trade,  and  the  hat  and  cap  trade,  and  is  at  present  a 
broker.  Samuel  E.  Iredell,  a  tailor,  came  when  a^'oungman, 
and  married  a  ^liss  SuttVain;  was  successful  in  business  many 
years,  and  engaged  in  farming  in  the  vicinity  of  Richmond, 
and  died  in  18G5,  leaving  a  wile  and  a  number  of  grown 
children. 

Silversmiths,  Watch-makers,  etc. — John  ]M.  Laws  came 
from  Philadelphia,  and  engaged  as  a  journeyman  watch- 
nnUvcr — name  of  his  employer  not  remembered.  After  he 
had  worked  a  while  at  his  trade,  he  married  Joanna,  a  daugh- 
ter of  Joseph  P.  Plummer,  and  soon  after  engaged  in  mer- 
chandising, which  he  continued  many  years.  Ten  or  twelve 
years  ago,  he  connected  with  his  business  the  wool  trade, 
which  he  continued  with  his  son,  Joseph  P.,  near  tlie  depot, 
under  the  firm  of  Laws  &  Son,  until  his  death,  in  1868. 
The  son  died  a  few  weeks  before. 

James  Eerguson,  from  New  Paris,  Ohio,  was  for  many 
years  a  watch-maker  and  silversmith  in  town;  mai-ried  a 
daughter  of  Jeremy  Mansur,  and  removed  to  Indianapolis, 
where  he  has  been  successful  in  business.  He  is  extensively 
engaged  in  the  pork  trade. 

Charles  A.  Dickinson,  son  of  Solomon  Dickinson,  from 
Philadelphia  in  1821,  after  having  served  his  apprenticeship 
with  John  AI.  Laws,  above  noticed,  carried  on  the  watch  and 
jewelry  business  until  1867.  It  is  continued  by  his  son,  Henry 
C.  Dickinson.  Robert  B.,  brother  of  Charles  A.,  is  in  the 
same  business. 


372  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Chair-makers. — Elijah  H.  Gitliens,  a  native  of  1^.  J.,  came  to 
Rielimond  from  Ohio,  in  1833,  and  carried  on  the  chair- 
making  business  nntil  1847.  After  an  absence  of  about  a 
year,  he  returned  to  Eichmond,  and  was  eight  or  nine  years 
in  tlie  grocery  trade ;  then  in  the  dry  goods  business  in  Iowa 
four  years;  returned  to  Richmond,  and  resumed  the  grocery 
business,  having  also  a  dry  goods  store  in  E"ew  Paris,  Ohio, 
and  another  at  Mendota,  Illinois,  nine  years.  He  continues 
the  grocery  business  at  his  store  building,  south  side  of 
Main  street,  between  Marion  and  Franklin.  He  built  a  frame 
dwelling  in  1833  on  Fifth  street,  where  now  stands  the  elegant 
residence  of  J.  Milton  Gaar.     He  built  his  store  in  1840. 

Griffith  D.  Githens,  a  brother  of  Elijah,  also  a  chair- 
maker,  came  with  or  soon  after  his  brother ;  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  John  Page,  and  continued  his  business  until  1869, 
when  he  removed  to  Indianapolis. 

Elisha  Fulton  was  an  early  chair-maker  in  Richmond. 
Removed  to  another  county,  and  died  October  23,  1866. 

Hatters. — Eli  Brown,  from  E".  C,  in  1815,  was  the  first, 
and  for  several  years  the  only  hatter  in  Richmond.  The 
reader  probably  remembers  that  the  vicinity  of  "Beard's 
Hat  Shop "  was  one  of  the  places  in  Carolina  from  which 
"Whitewater  was  originally  peopled.  Although  the  hats  the 
settlers  brought  from  that  famed  shop  had  been  made  with  a 
view  to  long  service,  which  indeed  they  had  performed,  the 
time  had  come  when  not  a  few  of  them  needed  substitutes. 
And  as  Friend  Brown  had  learned  his  trade  from  Beard  him- 
self, his  advent  must  have  been  highly  gratifying  to  the 
settlers.  Nor  is  it  probable  that  he  had  occasion  to  regret 
his  opportune  settlement  among  them.  In  1828,  he  com- 
menced the  mercantile  business,  which  he  continued  several 
years.  About  the  year  1863,  he  removed  to  a  farm,  2^  miles 
north-west  from  Richmond,  where  he  died  in  1867,  aged 
about  75  years. 

ISTot  long  after  Brown,  about  1820,  came  Caleb  Shearon, 
from  Maryland,  who  commenced  the  same  business.  He  suc- 
ceeded in  accumulating  a  handsome  estate  to  be  divided 
among  his  children.     He  died  about  the  year  1850. 


CITY   OF    RICHMOND.  373 

Jolin  SufFi'ins,  as  has  been  already  stated,  \ras  an  early 
merchant,  and  afterward  went  into  the  hat-making  business. 
lie  is  still  a  dealer  in  hats  and  caps  on  Main  street,  between 
Pearl  and  Marion,  and  is  probably  the  oldest  business  man  in 
the  city.     He  came  in  1818.    , 

Saddlers  and  Harness-makers. — Achilles  Williams,  from 
'N.  C,  came  to  Richmond  in  the  autumn  of  1818,  and  estab- 
lished himself  in  business  as  a  saddler  and  harness-maker, 
the  first  of  that  trade  in  the  town.  He  continued  the  busi- 
ness many  years,  and  engaged  in  other  pursuits.  [Sk.]  Xa- 
thaniel  Lewis,  between  the  years  1820  and  1830,  occupied  as 
a  saddle  shop,  a  long  one-story  frame  building  on  the  south- 
Avest  corner  of  Main  and  Marion  streets — now  Ralph  Paige's 
corner. 

John  Brady,  a  young  man,  from  Ohio,  a  saddler  by  trade, 
married  a  Miss  AVright,  and  for  some  time  carried  on  busi- 
ness in  town,  and  held  the  office  of  justice  of  the  peace.  He 
removed  to  Marion,  Indiana,  and  is  still  living.  Wm.  L. 
Brady,  his  brother,  came  when  a  youth,  about  the  year  1826, 
and  served  an  apprenticeship  with  his  brother  John  ;  and  has 
since  carried  on,  successfully,  the  saddle,  harness,  and  trunk 
trade  to  the  present  time.  He  married  Susan,  daughter  of 
David  Hoover,  and  purchased  a  residence  on  Xorth  Pearl 
street,  where  he  has  since  resided — about  forty  years. 

Tanners. — The  first  tannery  in  Richmond  was  established 
in  1818,  b}^  John  Smith,  to  give  employment  to  Joseph  Wil- 
mot,  an  Englishman,  who  had  early  emigrated  to  Cincinnati, 
and  was  in  search  of  a  location.  Robert  Morrisson  established 
another  the  same  year. 

John  Finle}^,  whose  name  appears  somewhat  conspicuous  in 
this  history,  undertook  the  management  of  Smith's  tannery 
several  years  after  it  was  established;  but  after  "running"  it 
a  single  season,  he  abandoned  it.  Daniel  P.  Wiggins,  from 
Long  Island,  JJT.  Y.,  came  to  Richmond  in  1823.  Being  a 
tanner,  Morrisson  employed  him  to  take  charge  of  his  tan- 
nery, and,  a  few  years  after,  admitted  him  as  a  partner. 
AValter  Legg  and  John  Wilcoxen  worked  in  the  yard.  Wig- 
gins and  his  sons  afterward  purchased  the  tauneiy  built  by 
Smith,  and  the  Morrisson  tannery  was  discontinued.     The 


374  HISTORY    OF   AYAYNE    COUNTY. 

former  is  still  in  possession  of  the  Wiggins  famil}',  and  has 
been  much  enlarged  and  improved.  Its  present  proprietors 
are  Stephen  R.,  Charles  6.,  and  John  D.  Wiggins.  They  also 
carry  on  extensively  the  manufacture  of  saddles,  harness,  and 
horse-collars. 

In  July,  1857,  Joh  Curme  and  liis  son  Artliur  A.,  com- 
menced a  trade  in  leather  and  findings,  at  old  No.  11  South 
Pearl  street.  The  next  year  they  commenced  the  tanning 
business  near  the  Bush  mill,  with  one  vat.  In  1860,  Job 
Curme  sold  his  interest  to  Isaac  D.  Dunn;  and  the  store  was 
remo\(ed  to  47  Main  street,  and  the  tannery  to  its  present 
location,  on  Washington  and  Cliff  streets.  In  1865,  Andrew 
J.  Coitman  and  Dewitt  C.  McWhinney  became  partners — firm 
name,  Curme,  Dunn  &  Co.,  and  their  store  was  soon  after  re- 
moved to  its  present  location,  297  Main  street,  with  John  J. 
Harrington  as  partner.  This  concern  is  extensively  engaged 
in  the  manufacture  of  leather  and  horse-collars.  It  gives  em- 
ployment to  about  25  men,  nearly  half  of  tliem  at  making 
collars,  of  which  1,500  dozen  are  made  in  a  year;  and  there 
are  100  vats  in  the  tannery. 

Shoemakers. — Among  the  early  shoemakers  in  Richmond 
W'as  Patrick  Justice,  elsewhere  mentioned  as  a  tavern-keeper. 
Jonathan  Moore,  quite  a  3'oung  man,  from  his  father's  home, 
21  miles  south-east  ot  town,  as  early  as  1829,  set  up  a  shoe- 
shop  on  the  north-east  corner  of  Main  and  Fifth  streets, 
where  the  Tremont  House  now  stands,  then  at  the  extreme 
border  of  the  town.  His  wife  died  a  few  months  after  mar- 
riage, and  in  a  few  years  he  married  a  second.  He  has  con- 
tinued in  business  without  interruption  for  more  than  torty 
years. 

Owen  Edgerton,  early  from  Carolina,  worked  many  years 
at  shoemaking.  In  1866,  he  retired,  and  transferred  his  busi- 
ness to  his  faithful  journeyman,  a  colored  man,  and  is  still 
living  at  the  age  of  about  ibur-score  years.  Joseph  Ogborn, 
also  an  early  shoemaker  in  Richmond,  retired  after  many 
years,  and  died  in  1869. 

Wagon-makers. — One  of  the  early  mechanics  of  Richmond, 
and  probably  the  first  wagon-maker,  was  Adam  Do}  d,  who 
came  about  the  year  of  the  incorporation  of  the  town,  1818. 


CITY    OF    EICIIMOXD.  375 

He  was  also  a  justice  of  the  peace.  He  lived  near  where 
Pearl  Street  Methodist  Church  now  stands. 

At  a  later  date  came  Anthony  Fulghum,  from  JST.  C,  who 
had  his  shop  at  the  north-west  corner  of  Main  and  Marion 
streets,  since  known  as  Gilhert's  corner.  lie  lived  but  a  few 
years  after  he  came;  and  the  business  was  contiuned  by  hi3 
son  Benjamin  a  number  of  years.  This  corner  being  desired 
for  a  tavern  stand,  Fulghum  bought  a  lot  on  the  south-east 
corner  of  Main  and  Frauklin  streets,  now  the  Huutiugtou 
Hor.se  corner,  where  he  built  a  frame  shop  and  dwelling,  and 
carried  on  business  extensively,  especially  in  the  making  of 
carriages,  many  being  made  for  tlie  Friends  in  a  peculiar 
style,  not  easily  described  ou  paper.  looted  as  these  good 
peoide  are  for  their  adherence  to  early  customs,  their  "old 
style  "'  carriages  have — whether  from  necessity  or  other  causes 
we  know  not — been  superseded  by  those  of  modern  construc- 
tion and  in  common  use.  Fulghum  removed  long  ago  to 
Jackson  township,  near  Cambridge  C'ity,  where  he  now  resides. 

Sitmuel  Lippincott  commenced  carriage-making  in  1840, 
corner  of  Main  and  Franklin  streets;  building  now  owned 
by  A'aughan  Brothers.  He  remo\'ed  to  Marion  street,  west 
side,  near  Main,  and  thence  to  Indianapolis,  where  he  now 
resides. 

Potters. — Potters  were  among  the  early  mechanics  of 
Richmond.  A  pottery  was  built  on  South  Front  street,  and 
is  said  to  have  been  occupied  by  Eleazar  Hiatt,  Isaac  Bee- 
son,  Geo.  Bell,  a  mulatto,  and  John  Scott.  The  last  died  of 
cholera  in  18o3.  Samuel  and  Edward  Foulke,  young  men, 
settled  early  in  Richmond,  and  carried  on  successfully  the 
potter's  trade,  and  closed  their  business.  Samuel  re-estab- 
lished himself  in  the  business  at  Indianapolis,  and  Edward 
returned  to  Ohio.  Samuel  returned  to  Richmond,  and  re- 
tired from  business.  There  has  been  no  pottery  in  Rich- 
mond for  many  years. 

Miscellaneous. — Solomon  Dickinson,  a  tinsmitli,  from 
Philadelphia,  in  1821,  settled  on  Front  street,  near  Ezra  Bos- 
well's,  where  he  resided  until  his  death.  His  shop  was  on 
Main  street,  between  Marion  and  Pearl.  He  was  also  a  dealer 
in  stoves.     After  his  death   the  business  was   continued 


376  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Edmund  Dickinson,  a  son,  at  present  a  gunsmith,  near  the 
nortli-west  corner  of  Main  and  Front  streets.  Solomon, 
another  son,  is  in  the  grocery  trade.  Two  other  sons  were 
Charles  A.  and  Robert  B. 

Andrew  Eeid,  a  brother  of  Daniel  Reid,  was  the  first  gun- 
smith. His  shop  was  near  Boswell's,  a  daughter  of  whom  he 
married.     He  removed  from  the  county  many  years  ago. 

Charles  Kewman,  from  Pa.,  early  set  up  a  turning  shop  on 
Franklin  street,  north  of  Main,  where  he  still  continues  the 
business,  having  in  the  meantime  improved  his  establish- 
ment. 

Matthew  Rattray,  a  native  of  Scotland,  and  a  zrmiTr,  came 
in  1822,  and  had  a  shop  on  South  Front  street.  He  married 
a  Miss  Cheeseman  ;  lived  on  Front  street,  and  retired  long 
since.     They  are  still  living  on  North  Franklin  street. 

Lewis  Baxter,  an  early  settler,  a  hrick-layer  and  stone- 
mason, married  a  Miss  Miller,  whose  parents  lived  a  few 
miles  north-west  of  town.  He  is  yet  living  on  his  old  home- 
stead on  Front  street. 

Samuel  Senix,  from  Delaware  about  1830,  with  a  wife  and 
small  family,  soon  purchased  in  the  suburbs  of  the  town,  on 
Main  street ;  has  been  an  industrious  mechanic,  and  is  still 
living  in  Richmond. 

Brewer. — The  first  brewery  in  Richmond  was  commenced 
by  Ezra  Boswell,  about  the  time  the  town  was  incorporated. 
His  shop,  from  which  he  supplied  the  citizens  of  the  town 
and  country  with  beer  and  cakes,  was  on  Front  street,  north 
of  Main.  It  was  much  frequented  by  the  citizens  and  by  the 
country  people  who  came  to  town  on  business — beer  being 
then  deemed  a  wholesome  beverage.  Boswell  was  a  respect- 
able man,  and  a  member  of  the  first  board  of  trustees  of  the 
town,  elected  after  its  incorporation. 

Christian  Buhl,  direct  from  Germany,  came  to  Richmond 
as  early  as  1830,  established  a  brewery  on  Main  street,  west 
side  of  the  town,  near  the  ISTational  bridge.  It  was  exten- 
sively patronized,  not  only  by  the  citizens,  but  by  travelers 
and  emigrants  passing  near  it.  At  nearly  every  raising  one 
or  more  kegs  or  buckets  of  Buhl's  beer  were  drunk.  The 
stream   of   small   coin   constantly   flowing   into   his   money 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  377 

drawer  for  a  few  years,  made  him  a  comparatively  rich  man. 
Ho  bought  a  hirgo  farm  a  mile  and  a  half  south-west  of  the 
town,  where  he  died  a  few  years  after.  George,  one  of  his 
sons,  now  resides  on  the  farm. 

Physicians. — The  dates  of  the  settlement  of  the  early  phy- 
sicians, or  the  order  in  which  they  settled,  it  is  dithcult  to  as- 
certain. The  Historical  Sketch  of  Richmond,  by  Dr.  Plum- 
mer,  written  nearly  a  quarter  of  a  century  ago,  is  deemed 
more  reliable  authority  than  tlie  recollections  of  persons  at 
this  late  period. 

Dr.  Thomas  Carroll  is  mentioned  by  Dr.  P.  as  the  first 
physician  in  Richmond.  He  came  in  1819,  and  in  1823  re- 
moved to  Cincinnati,  where  he  was  many  years  in  practice, 
and  where  he  died  in  March,  1871.  A  Dr.  Cushman,  from 
Port  Wayne,  is  said  to  have  come  in  1820.  He  built  a  dis- 
tillery in  the  south  part  of  the  town  on  the  side  of  the  hill  on 
Front  street,  near  a  spring.  In  this  enterprise  he  was  unsuc- 
cessful, as  was  also  his  successor,  Dr.  Warner,  into  whose  hands 
it  passed.  He  suft'ered  it  to  go  down  ;  and  it  was  never  re- 
vived. Dr.  Cushman  returned  to  Fort  Wayne,  where  he  was 
an  associate  judge.  Dr.  Ithamar  Warner  came  to  Richmond 
about  the  year  1820,  and  was  for  many  years  the  piincipal 
practicing  physician  in  this  town  and  Wayne  township.  [Sk.] 
Dr.  Wm.  Pugh  studied  medicine  and  commenced  practice  in 
Richmond,  the  year  not  ascertained.  He  removed  to  Center- 
ville  about  the  year  1824,  where  he  soon  after  died.  Dr. 
James  R.  Mendenhall,  of  Carolina  origin,  commenced  prac- 
tice in  1822,  and  retired  in  1830.  [Sk.]  A  Dr.  Griffith  arrived 
soon  after  Dr.  Warner.  He  was  somewhat  advanced  in  age 
and  practice.  He  chose  a  location  on  Front  street.  Alter  a 
brief  practice  here,  he  removed  to  the  AVest.  The  vacancy 
made  by  his  removal  was  filled  by  Dr.  John  T.  Plummer,  only 
son  of  Joseph  P.  Plummer.  [Sk.]  Wm.  B.  Smith,  from  the 
East,  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  Warner;  married  Alice 
Irwin,  and  settled  on  North  Pearl  street.  He  practiced 
many  years  with  success,  and  died  in  middle  life.  Dr.  Sam- 
uel Nixon  came  to  Richmond  about  the  year  1830;  remained 
in  town  a  number  of  years,  and  had  a  large  practice ;  after 


378  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

whicli  he  settled  on  a  farm  in  the  vicinity.  He  afterward 
removed  west,  and  died  a  few  years  after. 

Lawyers. — When  the  iirst  lawyer  settled  in  Richmond  can 
not,   perhaps,    he   now    ascertained.     Dr.   Plnmmer  mentions 

<'  one Iliirdy,  who  hoarded  at  Ephraim  Lacey's  tavern," 

and  soon  left  for  want  of  husiness.  This  must  have  been  af- 
ter 1824,  as  in  that  year  there  was  no  law3'er  in  Richmond. 
John  B.  Chapman,  from  Ya.,  was  advertised  in  the  Public 
Lcchjrr  in  1826,  as  attorney  and  counselor  at  law. 

John  D.  Vaughan  was  here  before  1828,  and  died  of  cholera 
in  1833.  Two  of  his  sons,  Edward  and  John,  are  at  present, 
and  have  been  for  many  years,  hardware  merchants,  corner  of 
Main  and  Franklin  streets.  Andrew,  another  son,  is  in  the 
hvery  business.  A  daughter  is  the  wife  of  Samuel  Lippincott, 
many  years  a  carriage  maker  in  Richmond,  lately  removed  to 
Indianapolis.  Widow  Yaughan,  now  widow  of  the  late 
Henry  Hoover,  resides  in  the  city. 

John  W.  Green  was  an  early  lawyer  in  Richmond,  and  is 
still  remembered  by  the  oldest  citizens.  He  has  since  resided, 
and  probably  still  resides,  in  New  York. 

William  A.  Bickle,  from  Ya.,  came  with  his  father  to  Cen- 
terville,  in  1836,  and  the  same  year  to  Richmond,  where  he  en- 
gaged as  clerk  in  the  store  of  Daniel  Reid.  He  soon  after 
commenced  the  study  of  law,  and  was  admitted  to  practice  in 
Feb.,  1840.  He  settled  in  Richmond,  where  he  has  continued 
in  the  successful  practice  of  his  protessiou  until  the  present 
time. 

Jesse  P.  Siddall,  son  of  Atticus  Siddall,  an  early  merchant, 
before  noticed,  was  born  in  Richmond,  Oct.  20,  1821.  In  1842 
he  was  admitted,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  law  in  Madi- 
son Co. ;  whence,  after  about  two  years,  he  removed  to  Center- 
ville,  where  he  formed  a  partnership  with  John  S.  Newman, 
which  continued  about  ten  years,  during  the  last  two  of  which 
Mr.  Siddall  resided  in  Richmond,  where  he  is  still:  engaged  in 
his  profession. 

James  Perry,  although  the  oldest  practicing  attorney,  w^as 
not  among  the  earliest  in  Richmond.    [Sk.] 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  379 

31amifacturcs  avd   Trade  of  Miclnvoinl. 

As  a  manufacturing  town,  Ricliniond  has  long  maintained  a 
high  rank  among  the  cities  of  the  west.  In  the  amount  and 
ViH-iety  of  its  manufactures,  in  proportion  to  itspopuh\tion,  it  is 
perhaps  unsurpassed  in  any  western  city.  Tlie  products  of 
its  cnpital  and  hibor  find  sale  in  many  of  the  western  and 
south-western  states,  Onr  limited  space  forbids  a  minute  de- 
scription of  these  establishments ;  some  of  tliem  can  scarcely 
receive  the  briefest  notice.     AVe  commence  with  the 

Gaau  Machine  Works. — This  extensive  establishment, 
now  devoted  to  the  manufacture  of  steam  and  horse  power 
thresliing  machines,  portable  and  stationary  engines,  circu- 
lar and  mulay  saw-mills,  and  other  works  of  a  similar  charac- 
ter, was  started  in  183G,  in  a  frame  building,  which  stands  on 
the  corner  of  High  street  and  Washington  avenue,  whither  it 
was  removed  in  1856  to  make  room  for  the  machine  shop.  Its 
first  proprietor  was  Isaac  E.  Jones,  who  used  the  building  prin- 
cijially  for  a  stove  foundry.  In  1839,  it  passed  into  tlie  hands 
of  Jesse  M.  and  Jolm  II.  Ilutton,  and  in  1841  was  built  the 
first  thresher  (a  chaff-piler)  ever  made  in  Indiana.  In  1849,  the 
Huttons  sold  their  establishment  to  Jonas  Gaar  and  his  sons, 
Abraham  and  John  M.  Gaar,  and  his  son-in-law,  AVm.  G. 
Scott,  who  continued  the  business  under  the  firm  of  A.  Gaar 
&  Co.,  until  April  1,  1870,  just  twenty-one  years,  during 
which  time  it  grew  to  its  pi'csent  liuge  proprotions.  Its  major- 
ity was  celebrated  at  the  latter  date,  when  the  firm  assumed 
the  name  of  Gaar,  Scott  &  Co.,  the  same  proprietors  being  still 
the  exclusive  holders  of  the  cajiital  stock  of  the  concern, 
amounting  to  |400,000.  The  purchase  money  paid  by  A.  Gaar 
&  Co.  to  the  Huttons  is  said  to  have  been  §9,000.  From  this 
may  be  seen  the  vast  extension  of  the  business  under  the  nnin- 
agement  of  the  present  proprietors. 

The  machine  shop,  built  in  1856,  was  burned  dowm,  January 
31,  1858,  but  was  immediately  rebuilt;  and  other  buildings 
have  from  time  to  time  been  added.  The  establishment  uses  four 
or  five  acres  for  its  buildings  and  grounds ;  has  used  400,000 
feet  of  lumber  in  a  year,  melted  four  tons  of  pig-iron  in  its 
foundry  per  day,  and  made  up  100  tons  of  boiler  iron  annu- 


880  HISTORY    OF    AYAYNE    COUNTY. 

ally.  The  floor  room  in  the  shops  and  warehouses  is  1,662,309 
square  feet — about  two  and  one-third  acres.  The  number  of 
hands  employed  averages  over  200;  and  the  products  are  be- 
tween $350,000  and  $400,000  per  annum. 

EoBiNSON  Machine  IYgrks. — This  establishment  was  founded 
in  1842,  by  Francis  W.  Robinson,  on  the  corner  of  Main  and 
Washington  streets.  It  was  for  a  time  confined  to  the  making 
of  threshing  machines  of  tbe  "  Chaff-Piler  "  and  "  Traveler  " 
patterns.  The  former  was  a  horse-power  machine,  and  simply 
threshed  the  wheat ;  the  latter  took  the  wheat  in  the  shock, 
threshed  and  separated  it,  and  delivered  the  wheat  in  a  box, 
leaving  the  straw  on  the  ground.  The  value  of  the  machines 
turned  out  the  first  year  did  not,  as  is  believed,  exceed  in  value 
$6,000.  In  1858,  Mr.  Eobinsou  obtained  a  patent  for  a  thresh- 
ing machine,  which,  has  been  improved  from  time  to  time,  until 
the  "  Gold  Medal  Thresher  and  Separator"  is  supposed  to  be 
equal  to  any  in  the  United  States.  In  or  about  the  year  1847,  he 
commenced  the  making  of  steam  engines  and  saw-mills.  In 
1862,  Jonas  W.  Yeo  became  sole  proprietor,  and  was  joined  in 
1868  by  Robert  II.  Shoemaker;  since  which  time  the  business 
has  been  conducted  under  the  firm  of  Yeo  &  Shoemaker. 
From  a  comparatively  small  beginning,  these  works  have  risen, 
to  a  high  rank  among  the  manufactories  of  its  class  in  the 
state.  Its  grounds  on  the  corner  having  become  too  circum- 
scribed for  its  increasing  business,  room  was  obtained  for  the 
boiler  shop  on  the  east  side  of  Washington  street,  and  for  the 
warehouse  on  the  south  side  of  Main.  Its  manufactures  are 
horse-power  and  steam  threshers  and  separators,  portable  and 
stationary  engines,  portable  saw-mills,  and  castings  of  eA^ery 
description.  The  average  number  of  workmen  employed  is 
between  seventy  and  eighty  ;  and  the  amount  of  sales  has  been 
between  $125,000  and  $150,000  annually.  In  1866,  a  fire  oc- 
curred in  the  establishment  which  destroyed  property  to  a 
considerable  amount,  the  loss  being  mostly  covered  by  insur- 
ance. 

Quaker  City  Works. — These  works  were  commenced  by 
Isaac  Hinge,  in  1856,  soon  after  the  completion  of  the  National 
bridge,  (which  had  been  built  under  his  superintendence,)  for 
the  manufacture  of  stationary  engines,  and  all  kinds  of  job 


CITY    OF   RICHMOND.  381 

work.     The  next  year  Isaac  Ringe  &  Co.  ( Bra,dy  having 

become  a  partner,)  built  the  present  three-story  brick  shop  and 
foundry,  when  the  concern  took  the  name  of  the  '■^American 
Machine  Works."  In  18G0,  Kinge  sokl  his  interest  to  Brady; 
and  the  business  was  conducted  by  Brady  &  Son.  Brady  soon 
after  sokl  one-third  of  liis  interest  to  J.  M.  Aikin,  and  the  same 
year  anotlier  third  to  J.  J.  Jvussell.  In  1862,  Brady  sokl  his 
remaining  interest  to  Wm.  Sinex ;  and  soon  after  Russell  sold 
his  to  John  Roberts,  the  name  of  the  firm,  J.  M.  Aikin  &  Co. 
still  remaining  unchanged.  In  1865,  Samuel  Sinex  became 
sole  proprietor,  and,  in  1867,  sold  to  A.  IsT.  Hadley  and  G. 
Morrow,  (tirm,  A.  iST.  Iladley  &  Co.)  Among  the  articles  man- 
ufactured at  these  works  are  stationary  and  portable  engines, 
of  all  sizes,  flouring-mill  machinery,  circular  saw-mills,  tur- 
bine water  wheels,  circular  saws  for  firewood,  shingle  machines, 
Doan's  ditching  machines,  tile-mills  for  making  tile,  Farquhar 
&  Doan's  feed  boilers,  sugar-mills,  and  all  kinds  of  builders' 
work.  Al)out  thirty  men  have  been  employed,  and  the  prod- 
ucts have  been  about  §100,000  in  a  year. 

Uniox  Machine  Works. — These  works,  for  the  manufacture 
of  portable  and  stationary  engines  and  castings  generally, 
were  established  in  1860,  by  White  &  Bargion.  In  1862,  they 
passed  into  the  hands  of  Edgar  M.  Baylies,  Joseph  Marchant, 
and  Gustavus  A.  Bajdies.  In  1864,  Marchant  sold  his  interest 
to  G.  A.  Baylies,  and  the  firm  took  the  name  of  Baylies  &  Co. 
In  1866,  the  firm  was  changed  to  Baylies,  Yaughan  &  Co.,  the 
partners  being  E.  M.,  G.  A.,  and  Joseph  M.  Baylies,  and  An- 
drew F.  Yaughan.  In  1868,  Yaughan  retired,  and  the  firm 
was  changed  to  J.  M.  Baylies  &  Co.  In  1869,  Isaac  D.  Dunn 
came  in  under  the  firm  name  of  Baylies,  Dunn  &  Co.  In  1870, 
the  name  of  the  firm  was  again  changed  to  Baylies,  Yaughan 
&  Co.  The  average  number  of  men  heretofore  employed  is 
35;  and  the  value  of  products  annually  sold,  about  860,000. 
These  works  are  on  the  corner  of  Seventh  and  Pool  streets, 
north  of  the  railroad  depot. 

EicHMOND  ]\IiLL  Y^'oEKS. — Tlicsc  works  were  established 
N"ovember,  1859,  by  Ellis  ISTordyke  and  his  son,  Addison  II. 
ISTordyke,  at  the  corner  of  Green  and  AValnut  streets.  In  1866, 
they  removed  to  their  place  of  business,  in  the  north-west  part 


882  '       HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

of  the  city,  on  Green  street,  when  Daniel  W.  Marmon  became 
a  partner,  and  the  company  took  the  name  of  JSTorclyke,  Mar- 
mon &  Co.  They  have  from  time  to  time  added  to  the  num- 
ber of  articles  manufactured  and  furnished,  among  which  are 
grinding  and  bolting  mills,  corn  and  feed  mills,  burr  mill- 
stones, bolting  cloths,  smut  machines,  &c.  Their  specialty  is  . 
the  manufacture  of  complete  portable  flour  mills,  and  bolts  for 
grinding  and  bolting  the  several  kinds  of  grain.  All  that 
pertains  to  a  flrst  rate  flouring  mill,  except  the  castings,  is 
made  at  this  establishment.  From  20  to  30  hands  are  em- 
ployed;  and  the  annual  products  amount  in  value  to  about 
§65,000. 

The  proprietors  have  also,  at  the  same  place,  a  custom  flour- 
ing mill,  five  stories  high,  propelled  by  the  same  water  power. 
This  mill  was  built  in  1867,  and  is  run  by  H.  C.  Wright  &  Co. 
The  grinding  is  done  in  the  fourth  story,  which  is  on  a  level 
with  the  street  on  the  east  side.  The  stones  are  turned  by  a 
perpendicular  shaft.  [Since  the  above  was  written,  in  conse- 
quence of  the  death  of  Ellis  ITordyke,  a  change  in  the  proprie- 
torship has  occurred.] 

Stove  Foundry. — In  1865,  C.  P.  Peterson  and  E.  J.  King 
established  a  foundry  for  the  manufacture  of  stoves,  hollow- 
ware,  and  castings  generally.  Their  capital  and  trade  have 
steadily  increased,  until  their  annual  products  amount  to 
$25,000  or  $30,000  ;  and  their  wares  are  sold  in  several  states. 
Castings  for  the  school  desk  manufacturers  are  made  at  this 
foundry. 

Richmond  School  Furniture  Works. — John  P.  Allen  and 
George  H.  Grant  associated,  in  1865,  under  the  Arm  of 
Allen  &  Grant,  for  the  manufacture  of  Allen's  patent  self- 
supporting  school  desks.  In  1868,  Air.  Allen  died ;  and  soon 
after,  Mr.  Grant  took  as  a  partner,  Joseph  Marcliant,  who,  in 
April,  1869,  sold  his  interest  to  Joshua  Nickerson  and  Wm. 
Wooton,  when  the  company  took  its  present  name,  George 
H.  Grant  &  Co.  In  December,  1869,  Turner  W.  Haynes 
bought  the  interest  of  Mr.  Wooton ;  and  in  January,  1870, 
A.  W.  Kempleman  became  a  partner.  The  business  was 
commenced  in  South  Sixth  street.  The  increased  demand 
for  the  Richmond  school  furniture  required  the  enlargement 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  383 

of  their  works;  and  new  buildings  Avere  erected  on  the  corner 
of  Ninth  and  ISToble  streets.  Both  the  quantity  and  variety 
of  furniture  manufactured  has  increased.  There  are  here 
made  school  desks  and  scats  of  various  styles  and  sizes,  reci- 
tation seats,  settees  for  halls  and  depots,  counters  on  iron 
frames,  counting-house  desks,  church  pews,  library  and  cab- 
inet cases,  gymnastic  apparatus,  etc.  The  quantity  of  lumber 
annually  used  by  these  works  is  about  300,000  feet.  The 
number  of  hands  employed  is  about  15,  and  the  value  of 
products  sold  about  .^40,000  a  year. 

Sash,  Door,  and  Blind  and  School  Furniture  Manufac- 
tory.— In  185G,  llollopater  &  Barnard  commenced  the  manu- 
facture of  doors,  sash,  and  blinds,  at  the  corner  of  Sixth  and 
Walnut  streets;  and  in  1859  sold  the  establishment  to  Ezra 
Smith,  James  Smith,  and  Asa  S.  Smith.  The  business  has 
since  been  conducted  under  the  lirm  of  Ezra  Smith  &  Co., 
Avithout  change  of  partnership,  except  by  the  reti  ement  of 
Asa  S.  Smith,  six  months  after  it  was  formed.  The  present 
proprietors  have  added  to  their  machiney  a  planing  mill,  and 
to  their  manufactures  the  various  articles  of  school  furiiUiire, 
and  all  kinds  of  joiners'  work  for  buildings.  Tliej'  employ 
about  20  hands,  and  sell  of  their  products  annually  to  the 
value  of  about  §40,000. 

Burial  Case  and  Casket  Manufactory. — The  manufacture 
of  sash,  doors,  and  blinds  was  commenced  about  the  year 
1854,  by  Smith  &  Hyde,  corner  of  Sixth  and  Market  streets. 
The  establishment  passed  successively  into  the  hands  of  the 
following  firms  :  Ilasecoster  &  Bowten,  (who  removed  it  to 
Fort  Wayne  avenue,)  Ilasecoster  &  Kane,  and  Hasecoster  & 
Stephens.  In  February,  1867,  Jesse  M.  Ilutton,  George 
Ilasecoster,  Samuel  S.  Cause,  and  Yim.  P.  Hutton  became 
proprietors,  under  the  lirm  name  of  J.  M.  Ilutton  &  Co.  In 
January,  18G8,  they  removed  to  their  new  building  on  the 
south-west  corner  of  ISTinth  and  jNoble  streets.  In  June,  18G9, 
George  Sherman  and  Matthew  II.  Dill  were  admitted  as  part- 
ners; and  the  company  was  incorporated  under  the  general 
law  of  the  legislature,  without  change  of  name.  In  1869, 
the  manufacture  of  wooden  burial  cases  and  eashis  was  added 
to  their  business,  and  has  already  become  quite  extensive. 


384  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Their  new  shop  was  a  three-story  brick  building,  105  by  40 
feet.  The  new  branch  of  business  requiring  an  increase  of 
room,  a  new  brick  building,  100  by  25  feet,  three  stories  high, 
was  erected  on  the  north-east  corner  of  Noble  and  Mnth 
streets,  which  has  since  been  enlarged  by  an  addition  of  equal 
dimensions.  Orders  for  these  cases  are  received  from  the 
western  and  south-western  states.  In  the  two  branches  of 
this  establishment,  about  40  persons  are  employed;  nearly 
700,000  feet  of  lumber  are  consumed;  and  between  $40,000 
and  §50,000  in  value  of  products  are  sold  in  a  year. 

Since  the  foregoing  was  written,  the  first  mentioned  of 
these  buildings — that  in  which  the  manufacturing  was  chiefly 
done — with  its  machinery  and  other  contents,  was  destroyed 
by  fire,  October  4,  1870.  In  fifty-five  days,  a  new  three-story 
brick  building  was  erected  on  the  same  spot,  and  in  success- 
ful operation.  The  loss  was  estimated  at  $22,000,  and  no 
portion  covered  by  insurance.  The  business  is  now  confined 
to  the  burial  case  and  casket  manufacture,  which  has  been 
greatly  increased.  About  50  persons  are  now  employed,  and 
the  amount  of  sales  has  been  augmented  in  a  much  greater 
proportion. 

Empire  Steel  Plow  Factory. — This  business  was  com- 
menced in  1832  by  Solomon  and  David  S.  Horney,  by  whom 
it  was  continued  for  about  eight  years,  and  thereafter  by 
Solomon  Horney  until  about  the  year  1848,  when  he  was 
again  joined  by  his  former  partner,  and  the  business  was  car- 
ried on  in  the  name  of  S.  &  D.  S.  Horney.  In  1850,  S.  Horney 
again  assumed  the  sole  proprietorship.  In  1852,  George 
McCallough  became  a  partner;  and  in  1853,  Elwood  Patter- 
son— firm,  S.  Horney  &  Co.,  which  has  continued  to  the 
present  time.  This  has  become  one  of  the  more  important 
manufacturing  establishments  of  the  city.  At  a  not  very  re- 
mote period,  it  turned  out  about  500  plows  ^annually.  Its 
products  have  risen  to  upward  of  5,000  a  year.  Cultivators 
and  other  agricultural  implemeuts  also  are  to  some  extent 
manufactured.  About  30  persons  are  employed,  and  the  value 
of  products  annually  sold  is  about  $70,000. 

Richmond  Plow  Works. — In  1865,  the  manufacturing  of 
steel  plows  was  commenced  by  Bratz,  Meir  &  Co.,  394,  396, 


CITY    OF   RICHMOND.  885 

308  Miiui  street.  In  18G7,  tlio  firm  Avas  cliangod  to  Bratz, 
Perry  &  Co.,  and  in  1869  to  Oran  Terry.  The  molds,  sliares, 
and  all  other  parts  of  the  plows  coming  in  contact  with  the 
soil,  are  made  of  German  and  cast  steel,  and  polished  on 
emery  belt.  The  number  of  plows  made  at  these  works  the 
first  year  was  150  ;  the  last  year  about  2,500.  They  are  sold 
in  the  states  of  Indiana,  Illinois,  Ohio,  AVisconsin,  Missouri, 
Kentucky,  and  Tennessee,  and  at  prices  from  $10  to  §40. 

Carriage  Manufactories. — Peter  Crocker,  the  proprietor 
of  an  establishment  of  this  kind  on  Main  street,  commenced 
business  in  tliis  city  as  a  blacksm  th  in  1837.  In  1815,  he 
commenced  the  wagon-making  business.  Siiiee  1852,  he  has 
confined  himself  to  the  manufacturing  of  fine  carriages, 
which,  for  quality  of  material,  for  neatness  and  durability, 
are  scarcely  surpassed  by  those  of  any  similar  establishment 
in  the  state.  The  value  of  the  products  of  this  manufactory 
has  been  from  §12,000  to  $15,000  annually. 

Stephen  S.Strattan,  a  native  of  Richmond,  commenced  car- 
riage-making in  1859,  on  Fort  Wayne  avenue,  where  he  still 
continues  the  business.  He  wrought  first  at  repairing  and 
the  ;iiaking  of  peddlers'  wagons.  He  has  gradually  enlarged 
his  shop  and  extended  his  business,  until  it  has  become  a 
first-class  establishment.  Its  products  have  reached  the 
amount  of  about  §14,000  a  year. 

Hub,  Spoke,  and  Felloe  Manufactory. — This  business  was 
commenced  about  the  year  1865,  by  Hare,  Test  &  Co.,  who 
run  it  about  three  years,  and  Lemon,  Test  &  Co.  about  one 
year.  It  next  passed  to  I)r.  J.  P.  Mendenhall,  wIk),  about 
six  months  after,  sold  to  Matthews  &  Brother,  [Edward  11. 
and  Wm.  J^.  Matthews,]  who,  in  1871,  changed  their  business 
to  the  manufacture  of  patent  carriage,  wheels.  This  establish- 
ment is  on  the  corner  of  Eighth  and  jSToble  streets. 

PiciiMOND  Malleable  Iron  Works. — These  works  were 
established  during  the  last  year,  [1871,]  and  are  already  in  suc- 
cessful operation.  Its  proprietors  are  E.  B.  Palmer  and  H. 
H.  Fetta.  They  make  all  kinds  of  malleable  iron  cast- 
inii's:  also  wao'on,  carriao;e,  plow,  and  ai>:ricultural  castings. 
The  proprietors  contemplate  making  large  additions  to  their 


386  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

works.     The  estimated  cost  of  the  establishment,  when  com- 
pleted, will  be  about  |30,000. 

Cutlery  Manufactory. — This  establishment  is  one  mile 
north  of  the  city  near  the  Hillsboro'  turnpike.  The  build- 
ings were  erected  in  1865,  by  Joseph  Comer  and  Clarkson 
Moore.  Though  the  variety  of  the  articles  here  manufac- 
tured is  not  great,  the  quality  is  said  tq  be  excellent.  Pocket- 
knives  and  table  knives  and  forks  are  made  a  specialty.  The 
works  are  now  in  the  hands  of  a  stock  company,  the  mem- 
bers of  which  are  Joseph  Comer,  John  Eoberts,  A.  P.  Stan- 
ton, and  James  Comer. 

Woolen  Manufacture. — Jesse  Clark,  from  ]N"orth  Carolina, 
who  had  settled  about  2  miles  north  of  Eichmond,  and  built 
there  a  fulling-mill,  the  first  in  the  count  ,  removed  his  ma- 
chinery to  a  building  which  he  had  erected  at  or  near  the 
present  site  of  the  Green  street  flou  ring-mill.  He  leased  the 
works  to  Warner  M.  Leeds  and  Samuel  Test,  who  added 
machinery  for  carding,  spinning,  and  weaving.  In  1825,  they 
sold  the  lease  for  the  unexpired  term  to  Levinus  King  and 
his  brothers,  Thomas  W.  and  Dean.  In  1834,  Levinus  King 
became  the  sole  proprietor,  and  continued  such  until  1837. 
■A  company  was  then  formed,  styled  ^'Eichmond  Trading  and 
Manufacturing  Company"  composed  of  Levinus  King,  pro- 
prietor of  the  woolen  factory,  Warner  M.  Leeds  and  Isaac  E. 
Jones,  owners  of  the  paper  mill,  and  James  R.  Mendenhall, 
who  had  become  the  owner  of  the  Cox  grist-mill.  This  com- 
pany continued  until  1843,  when  the  property  passed  out  of 
their  hands.  Mr.  King  then  hired  the  establishment,  and, 
after  having  run  it  for  five  or  six  years,  bought  it  in  1848, 
and  continued  the  business  until  1853.  It  was  afterward 
converted  into  a  flax-dressing  mill. 

M  In  or  about  the  year  1835,  Wm.  Bancroft  started  a  luoolen 
factory  half  a  mile  below  town,  where  Mering's  grist-mill 
now  is.  He  continued  the  manufacturing  business  about 
three  years.  It  then  passed  into  the  hands  of  Caleb  Shrieve, 
who  rented  it  a  year  to  Levinus  King,  and  a  year  to  Christian 
Buhl,  when  it  was  discontinued. 


CITY    OF   RICHMOND.  387 

EicHMOND  Woolen  Mills.  —  The  establisliment  of  these 
mills  in  1865,  by  Richard  Jackson  and  Elias  H.  Swayne,  on 
the  site  of  the  old  grist-mill  of  Jeremiah  Cox,  and  subsequently 
of  the  flouring-mill  of  Basil  Brightwell,  has  been  mentioned. 
About  six  months  after,  Henry  C.  Dunn  became  a  partner; 
after  which  time  the  name  of  the  firm,  Jackson,  Swayne  & 
Dunn,  has  remained  without  eliange.  The  building  was  much 
enlarged,  and  the  machinery  greatly  extended  and  improved, 
until  it  was  surpassed  by  few  manufactories  of  the  kind  in  the 
West.  The  building  was  of  wood,  five  stories  high.  The 
goods  made  at  these  mills  consisted  chiefly  of  cassimeres,  jeans, 
satinets,  blankets,  and  yarns,  which  were  considered  equal  in 
quality  to  similar  goods  made  in  eastern  mills.  They  re- 
ceived complimentary  notices  at  the  expositions  in  Chicago  and 
Cincinnati ;  and  at  the  latter,  premiums  were  received  on  sati- 
nets, flannels,  and  yarn.  These  mills  gave  employment  to 
about  75  hands;  consumed  annually  about  150,000  pounds  of 
wool,  costing  about  45  cents  a  pound  ;  and  turned  out  manu- 
factured products  yearly  to  the  value  of  8200,000.  They  con- 
tained three  sets  of  carding  machines,  four  j;icks,  (960  spindles,) 
and  twenty-nine  looms;  and  had  the  capacity  to  produce  4,500 
yards  of  different  kinds  of  cloth,  and  1,000  pounds  of  j^arn  per 
week.  About  a  year  ago,  and  since  the  above  sketch  was 
prepared,  these  mills,  with  their  contents,  were  destroyed  by 
fire.     A  small  proportion  of  the  loss  was  covered,  by  insurance. 

Mount  Vernon  "Woolen  ]Mill. — This  mill  is  on  the  White- 
water, about  a  mile  and  a  half  below  the  city.  It  was  estab- 
lished in  1855,  by  Alpheus  Test,  It  was  destroyed  by  fire  ia 
1857,  and  rebuilt  by  Alpheus  Test  and  Abijah  Moflitt.  A  year 
or  two  later,  the  firm  was  changed  to  A.  Test  &  Co.  In  1865, 
William,  Kufus,  and  Oliver,  sons  of  Alpheus  Test,  became  pro- 
prietors, and  under  the  firm  of  Test  &  Brothers,  have  conducted 
the  concern  until  the  present  time.  In  1866,  it  was  again 
burned  down,  the  proprietors  sutfering  a  loss  of  89,000,  and 
was  immediately  rebuilt.  Although  various  kinds  of  cloth 
are  made  to  some  extent,  it  is  now  chiefly  employed  in  the 
manufacture  of  stocking  yarn  of  all  kinds  for  machine  and 
hand  knitting.  It  gives  employment  to  about  fifteen  hands, 
and  its  products  amount  to  about  §25,000  or  §30,000  a  year. 


388  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Fleecy  Dale  Woolen  Factory, — Tliis  manufactory  was  es- 
tablished by  BeDJamin  Illbbard  in  1825,  on  the  site  of  a  saw- 
mill previously  owned  by  Hawkins.  (?)  It  was  in  or  about  the 
year  1849  bought  of  Hibbard  by  Benjamin  Bond  and  Alpheus 
Test,  and  conducted  by  them  for  several  years ;  next  by  Sam- 
uel Nixon  and  Ezekiel  Aikin  until  1865  ;  and  since,  by  Eze- 
kiel  Aikin  and  Samuel  Porter,  [E.  Aikin  &  Co.,]  to  the  present 
time.  Custom  work,  chiefly,  is  done  at  this  establishment.  Its 
fabrics  are  blankets,  flannels,  satinets,  jeans,  and  stocking  yarn, 
which  are  sold,  or  exchanged  for  wool,  at  the  manufactory.  It  is 
situated  about  a  mile  and  a  half  above  the  city,  on  Whitewater. 

Richmond  Knitting  Factory. — Among  the  manufacturing 
establishments  of  Richmond  worthy  of  note,  is  the  stocking 
manufactory  of  John  H.  Hutton.  It  was  established  on  Main 
street,  near  Seventh,  in  1867,  when  only  a  single  Lamb  knitting 
machine  was  used.  It  was  removed,  in  1868,  to  Fifth  street. 
The  number  of  machines  now  employed  is  eighteen,  each  op- 
erated by  a  female;  turning  out,  in  the  aggregate,  about  150, 
dozen  pairs  of  woolen  socks  per  week.  Some  of  the  more  ex- 
perienced girls  knit  three  dozen,  and  in  a  few  instances  as 
many  as  three  and  a  half  dozen  pairs  in  a  day.  A  large  num- 
ber of  women  are  employed  at  their  homes,  in  putting  on  the 
tops  and  closing  up  the  heels.  Orders  for  these  goods  have 
been  received  from  l^ew  York  and  Philadelphia ;  but  chiefly 
from  Chicago.  Also,  tine  articles  of  ladies  and  children's 
hose  are  manufactured  here.  Goods  to  the  value  of  about 
$25,000  a  year  are  turned  out  by  the  establishment. 

A  Cotton  Factory  was  built  by  Charles  W.  Starr,  about  the 
year  1831,  just  above  the  Williamsburg  turnpike  bridge.  He  run 
it  several  years,  and  sold  the  property  to  Job  Swain,  who  sold 
the  machinery,  and  converted  the  building  into  a  j^eg  factory. 
It  passed  to  Isaac  E.  Jones,  who  changed  it  to  a  silk  factory, 
which  was  changed  to  a  grist-mill,  called  the  "  Spring  Mill." 
This  was  bought  several  years  after  by  Joseph  P.  Laws,  who 
converted  it  into  a  tannery,  which  also  has  been  discontinued. 

Richmond   Loom  Works.— These  works  were  established  by 

Thomas  G.  Thompson,  in  1862.     In  June,  1866, Ballard 

became  a  partner,  and  in  1869,  Wm.  H.  Vandeman;  (firm, 
Thompson,  Ballard,  &  Co.)     Ballard  retired  the  same  year; 


CITY 'OF    RICHMOND.  389 

since  which  time,  the  business  has  been  carried  on  by  Thomp- 
son &  Vandeman.  Two  different  looms  are  made  at  these 
works:  the  Flying  Shuttle  Hand  Loom,  and  the  Self- Acting 
Hand  Loom.  Improvements  in  these  looms  were  patented  in 
Sept.,  1867.  More  than  1,200  of  them  have  been  made  and 
put  into  operation.  One  of  these  looms  may  serve  a  number 
of  families.  They  are  used  for  weaving  cassimeres,  jeans,  sati- 
nets, linsey,  flannel,  wool  and  rag  carpets,  &c.  This  firm  has 
added  to  their  business  the  manuflicture  of  School  Furniture, 
embracing  the  various  articles  necessary  for  the  school-room. 

Paper  Mills. — The  Public  Ledger,  in  1827,  contained  the 
following  announcement :  "  Mr.  Smith  is  progressing  finely 
with  his  paper-mill ;  and  we  hope  in  the  fall  to  \Q^\\Qi\iQ  Ledger 
on  a  sheet  manufactured  at  Richmond."  The  death  of  the 
proprietor  in  the  spring  of  1828,  disappointed  the  hope  of  the 
editor.  In  1830,  however,  a  paper  mill  was  put  in  operation 
by  Leeds  &  Jones,  under  the  superintendence  of  John  Easton. 
This  mill  afterward  was  a  part  of  the  property  of  the  Rich- 
mond Manufacturing  and  Trading  Company,  elsewhere  no- 
ticed. It  afterward  came  into  the  possession  of  the  Nixon 
Brothers  ;  and  the  establishment  has  been  owned  chiefly  by 
that  family  to  the  present  time.  About  a  year  ago,  the  mill 
was  destroyed  by  fire,  and  a  new  one  has  been  erected  in  its 
place.  The  Nixons  have  also,  near  the  same  spot,  a  mill  for 
the  manufacture  of  paper  flour  sacks  and  other  articles. 

A  paper  mill  was  also  built  in  1853,  by  Timothy  Thistle- 
thwaite.  Miles  J.  Shinn,  and  Joseph  C.  Ratliff",  and  operated  for 
a  time  by  the  company,  and  afterward  by  Thistlethwaite,  who 
discontinued  the  paper  mill,  and  added  the  power  to  that  of 
his  grist-mill,  [now  Bush's  mill,]  which  has  a  fall  of  47  feet. 

Richmond  Linseed  Od  jllill  was  started  in  1852,  by  Bursou 
&  Evans,  [D.  S.  Burson  and  J.  P.  Evans.]  It  had  a  capacity 
to  manufacture,  yearly,  about  50,000  bushels  of  flaxseed.  It 
was  destroyed  by  fire,  Feb.  7,  1864,  at  a  loss  of  about  §75,000. 
It  was  replaced  by  a  three-story  brick  building,  80  by  60  feet, 
and  is  owned  and  run  b}^  J.  W.  Burson  &  Co.,  [J.  W.  and  E.  T. 
Burson,]  and  has  a  capacity  of  80,000  bushels  of  seed  a  year. 
It  is  one  of  the  best  arranged  and  best  constructed  mills  of 


390  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

the  kind  in  the  West.  This  mill  stands  on  the  north  side  of 
East  Fork,  on  the  Newport  turnpike. 

Flouring  Mills. — Thomas  Newman,  about  the  year  1825, 
built  a  grist-mill  on  West  Fork,  near  liichmond.  About  the 
year  1853,  it  was  bought  of  Newman's  heirs  by  Thomas  Hunt 
&  Co.  It  has  since  been  owned  by  Timothy  Thistlethwaite, 
and  is  now  the  property  of  Davis  Bush,  of  Quincy,  111.,  who 
has  recently  remodeled,  enlarged,  and  improved  it.  It  is  now 
considered  equal  to  any  mill  in  the  county,  and  manufactures, 
it  is  said,  about  1,000  baruels  a  week.  It  is  propelled  both  by 
steam  and  water  power. 

Benjamin  and  Ezra  Hill  own  a  large  flouring  mill  half  a 
mile  north  of  the  city.  Mering's  mill  stands  about  half  a 
mile  below  the  National  bridge.  The  Nordyke  mill,  in  the 
city,  now  run  by  H.  C.  Wright  &  Co.,  has  been  mentioned. 
There  is  also  a  steam  grist-mill  on  Sixth  street,  near  the  depot. 

Wholesale  Trade. 

Groceries. — Forkner  &  Elmer,  [James  Forkner  and  Charles 
.  N.  Elmer,]  opened  a  wholesale  grocery  store  at  149  Fifth 
street  and  3  Noble  street,  in  September,  1865.  Andrew  F. 
Scott  became  a  partner,  in  October,  1867;  since  which  time 
the  business  has  been  conducted  by  Forkner,  Scott  &  Elmer. 
Average  annual  sales  for  several  years,  ending  in  1870,  were 
about  $300,000. 

Howard  &  Grubbs,  [John  R.  Howard  and  John  W.  Grubbs,] 
commenced  business  as  wholesale  grocers,  in  1860.  In  1867, 
Elijah  K.  Harvey  was  admitted  as  a  partner  ;  and  under  the  firm 
name  of  How^ard,  Grubbs  &  Co.,  the  business  was  continued 
until  the  autumn  of  1871,  when  Mr.  Grubbs  retired.  The 
business  is  still  continued  by  the  other  members  of  the  firm, 
at  204  and  206  Fort  Wayne  avenue.  Sales  the  first  year, 
$90,000;.  the  last  year,  [ending  in  1870,]  about  $400,000. 

Mr.  Grubbs  has  formed  a  new  partnership,  and  built  a  new 
brick  store  on  Noble  street,  opposite  the  railroad  depot. 

Dry  Goods. — Spencer,  Crocker  &  Co.  [Wm.  F.  Spencer,  Al- 

vin  E.  Crocker,  and Haines,]  established  a  wholesale  dry 

goods  store  in  1866.  Crocker  retired  in  1867.  The  name  of  the 
present  firm  is,  and  for  several  years  has  been,  W.  F.  Spencer 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  391 

&  Brother.  [Wm.  F.  and  John  Spencer.]  Sales  have  for  sev- 
eral 3'ears  averaged  about  §150,000.  Store,  Fifth  street,  near 
Xoble. 

Thomas  B.  Vanaernam  and  Lorenzo  Williams  commenced, 
in  1866,  a  wholesale  trade  in  boots  and  shoes,  in  connection 
with  that  branch  of  the  dry  goods  trade  usually  termed  ''•No- 
tions,'' to  which  the  business  is  now  chiefly  confined.  In  1808, 
Williams  retired  from  tlie  coneeri  ;  and  Mr.  Vanaernam  con- 
tinues sole  proprietor.  The  business,  which  has  been  steadily 
increasing,  amounted,  in  1870,  to  about  860,000  or  §70,000  a 
year. 

Drugs  and  Medicines. — Awdiolesale  drug  store  was  opened 
in  1868,  by  Plummer  &  Morrisson,  [Jonathan  W.  Plnmmer 
and  Robert,  son  of  James  L.  Morrisson,]  'No.  193  Fort  Wayne 
avenue,  having  a  Fifth  street  front  of  double  width.  Though 
a  comparatively  new  establishment,  its  sales  have  attained  an 
amount  of  from  $100,000  to  §125,000  a  year. 

QuEENSWARE  AND  Glassware. — In  1803,  T.  F.  Bailey  &  Co. 
[Thomas  F.  Bailey,  AVm.  P.  Ratlilf,  and  AYm.  Bailey.]  com- 
menced the  crockery  [queensware]  and  glassware  trade.  They 
continued  their  wholesale  business  at  No.  147  Fifth  street, 
Reid's  block,  and  their  retail  store  on  Main  street,  until  1871. 
Their  sales  the  iirst  year  amounted  to  about  $9,000  ;  the  last, 
ending  in  1870,  §99,000.  They  discontinued  business  in  Rich- 
mond in  1871. 

Iron  Stores. — William  AY.  Foulke,  in  1854,  succeeded  Mor- 
decai  Parry,  at  his  present  stand,  on  Xoble  street,  in  the  iron 
and  heavy  hardware  trade;  the  stock  consisting  of  bar,  band, 
hoop,  and  sheet-iron,  nails,  anvils,  and  such  articles  generally 
as  are  wanted  by  blacksmiths,  mill  builders,  and  others — 
which  are  sold  at  wholesale  and  retail.  Mr.  Foulke  has  con- 
tinued in  the  business  till  t  e  present  time,  having,  however, 
been  in  the  meantime  associated  with  many  partners,  under  the 
several  tirms  of  Foulke  &  Fish,  Fouy^e  &  Shoemaker,  Foulke, 
Shoemaker  &  Coffin,  Foulke  &  Co.,  the  partner  being  Timothy 
Thistlethwaite.     The  latter  has  retired. 

Howell  Grave,  in  1861,  established  a  similar  store,  near  that 
of  Wm,  Foulke,  which  is  still  continued. 

Woolen  Machinery,  &c.— Adams  &  Iladley,  [J.  Adams  and 


392  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COIINTY. 

Wm.  L.  Hadley,]  have  recently  established  themselves  as  deal- 
ers in  woolen  machinery,  dyestuffs,  cotton  warps,  belting  and 
factory  supplies  of  all  kinds.  Their  store  is  at  No.  15  Noble 
street,  opposite  the  railroad  depot. 

Banks. 

State  Bank  or  Indiana. — This  bank  was  chartered  in  1833. 
Indiana  was  then  comparatively  a  new  state,  with  no  rail- 
roads, and  few  turnpikes  or  other  public  improvements, 
no  cities  or  large  towns.  There  was  but  little  capital  in  the 
state.  Few  men  had  accumulated  wealth — very  few  who  did 
not  find  it  necessary  to  labor  for  their  daily  bread.  The  state 
took  one-half  of  the  stock  of  the  bank,  and  borrowed  the 
money  on  its  bonds  in  New  York  to  pay  it,  and  at  the  same 
time  borrowed  enough  to  aid  the  subscribers,  by  loan,  in  pay- 
ing their  stock.  Ten  branches  were  organized,  which  did  all 
the  business  with  the  public,  the  state  bank  being  merely  an 
office  to  which  the  branches  reported.  The  stock  was  all 
taken  by  honorable  and  excellent  men.  The  control  always 
remained  in  such  hands ;  and  the  business  was  managed  with 
prudence  and  success.  The  bank  did  much  to  increase  the 
resources  and  wealth  of  the  country,  and  proved  a  great 
benefit  to  the  community,  as  well  as  profitable  to  the  stock- 
holders. At  its  close  it  paid  off  the  entire  debt  created  by 
the  state  to  start  it,  and  left  a  surplus  of  several  millions  of 
dollars,  which  was  wisely  appropriated  by  its  charter  to  the 
school  fund  of  the  state,  and  made  the  basis  of  the  munificent 
fund  by  which  free  schools  are  supported  in  every  school  dis- 
trict. The  great  success  of  this  bank  was  due  to  the  high 
character  and  ability  of  its  ofiicers  and  directors.  Few 
changes  occurred  in  its  managers  during  its  existence. 

The  Branch  at  Richmond  commenced  business  on  the  1st 
of  December,  1834.  The  stock  was  made  up  in  Richmond 
and  in  "Wayne  and  adjoining  counties,  principally  in  small 
sums,  and  diff"used  among  all  classes  of  the  community.  Most 
of  its  directors  were  residents  of  Richmond ;  but  the  counties 
of  Fayette,  Union,  Henry,  and  Randolph  were  generally  rep- 
resented in  the  board.  Its  loans  were  made  in  small  sums 
through  all  these  counties,  and  did  much  to  develop  the  re- 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  393 

sources  of  the  country,  and  to  aid  those  who  were  struggling 
for  a  competency.  Meetings  of  the  board  were  hokl  weekly  ; 
and  all  notes  were  passed  upon  by  them.  The  bank  was 
generally  crowded  on  "discount  day"  Avith  applicants  for 
loans ;  and  the  ofticers  frequently  hud  to  remain  at  the  bank- 
ing room  until  late  at  night  to  "enter  up,"  and  be  prepared 
to  pay  out,  next  day,  the  proceeds  of  notes  discounted. 

Kobcrt  Morrisson  was  the  largest  stockholder.  He  had 
been  a  prosperous  Ijusiness  man,  and  was  comparatively 
wealthy.  He  now  retired  from  business,  and  being  one  of  the 
directors  of  the  state  bank,  was  rarely  .absent  from  the 
quarterly  meetings  of  its  board;  and  by  his  well-known  in- 
tegrity, decided  character,  and  good  sense,  did  much  to  form 
the  character  of  the  state  bank.  Achilles  "Williams  was  the 
first  i)resident  of  the  Richmond  branch.  He  was  an  old  cit- 
izen, upright,  deservedly  popular,  and  universally  esteemed, 
and  aided  in  giving  character  to  the  new  bank.  He  served  a 
year  or  two,  and  resigned  to  take  a  place  in  the  state  senate. 

Albert  C.  Blanchard  succeeded  Mr.  Williams  as  president 
of  the  l)aidv  until  the  expiration  of  its  charter — about  23 
years.  At  the  time  of  his  election  he  was  a  young  merchant, 
who  had  resided  a  few  years  in  Richmond.  He  was  possessed 
of  excellent  business  habits  and  an  unblemished  character. 
His  means  were  not  large,  yet  with  a  high  sense  of  honor  and 
witli  good  management,  he  never  allowed  a  debt  to  run  over- 
due. He  had  by  great  industry  built  up  a  large  trade  in 
Wayne  and  the  neighboring  counties.  Attending  to  the  de- 
tails of  every  branch  of  his  business,  he  grew  in  prosperity, 
and  by  his  correct  deportment  gained  the  respect  of  the  com- 
munity. 

For  several  years  Mr.  Blanchard  gave  the  bank  only  par- 
tial attention;  but  as  his  stock  and  his  interest  in  it  increased, 
he  gave  it  more  time,  until  he  closed  his  mercantile  business, 
and  gave  the  bank  his  undivided  attention.  Under  his  ad- 
ministration the  bank  increased  rapidly  in  business  and  prof- 
its. It  sometimes  passed  through  the  ordeal  of  panics  and 
suspensions,  but  always  came  out  unharmed;  and  its  jiresi- 
dent  came  to  be  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  successful  finan- 
ciers in  the  West. 


394  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Elijah  Coffin  was  the  first  and  onlj  cashier  of  this  bank. 
He  opened  its  doors  in  1834,  and  closed  them  in  1859.  His 
well-known  signature  appeared  on  all  its  notes.  He  had 
been  for  several  years  engaged  in  mercantile  business  at 
Milton,  and  was  temporarily  residing  at  Cincinnati  when  he 
was  elected  cashier.  He  was  a  leading  member  of  the  society 
of  Friends,  widely  known  and  highly  respected ;  and  his 
genial  nature  and  pleasant  address  contributed  much  to  the 
popularity  of  the  institution.  Prudent  and  cautious,  he  ven- 
tured little  himself,  and  always  advised  a  safe,  conservative 
ptolicy.  Ever  looking  to  the  interests  of  the  stockholders,  he 
watched  carefully  the  expenditures  of  the  bank,  and  the  solv- 
ency and  promptitude  of  its  paper.  He  died  in  1862,  three 
years  after  the  expiration  of  its  charter. 

The  building  at  present  occupied  by  the  Richmond  National 
Bank  was  erected  for  the  old  state  bank  in  1834.  Silver  was 
then  used  as  a  legal  tender;  and  the  original  stock  was  paid 
in  silver  coin,  which,  before  the  vault  was  completed,  was 
kept  in  several  large  kegs  and  boxes,  and  watched  day  and 
night  by  several  prominent  citizens,  in  turn,  in  a  store-room 
in  the  village.  The  bank  notes  Avere  redeemed  in  silver  coin. 
In  the  course  of  business  money  was  frequently  conveyed  in 
large  farm-wagons  to  and  from  Cincinnati,  a  journey  requiring 
three  or  four  days.  Some  of  the  wagoners  who  conveyed 
such  loads  are  still  living,  and  relate  an  amusing  experience 
in  guarding  against  the  difliculties  and  dangers  of  the  trip. 

The  speculation  in  public  lands  about  the  year  1836 
brought  many  land-buyers,  on  horseback,  through  Richmond, 
and  as  coin  only  was  taken  at  the  land- offices,  tlie  horses  were 
often  fatigued  and  their  backs  made  sore  by  the  heavily- 
loaded  saddle-bags.  Many  stopped,  and  exchanged  their 
money  at  the  bank  for  paper,  rather  running  the  risk  of  buy- 
ing the  coin  at  the  land-office  than  carry  it  further. 

The  bank,  conducted  in  the  manner  stated,  prospered  and 
became  the  principal  monetary  center  of  a  large  extent  of 
country.  Before  the  days  of  railroads  and  express  com- 
panies, almost  all  the  balances  of  the  bank  at  Cincinnati  and 
other  commercial  points  were  created  by  the  transmission  of 
money,  which  was  generally  sent  by  one  of  the  officers,  or 


•     is 


*  ♦ 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  395 

some  other  trusty  person,  traveling  either  b}'  stage,  which 
was  about  twenty  hours  in  going  to  Cincinnati,  or  by  private 
conveyance,  taking  the  greater  part  of  two  days  when  the 
roads  were  in  good  condition. 

The  notes  of  the  banks  of  many  of  the  states  were  uncur- 
rent  in  other  states;  and  persons  traveling  or  removing  were 
often  obliged  to  exchange  them  at  a  discount.  The  bank  at 
Richmond  aided  much  in  facihtating  business  of  this  kind, 
and,  as  first  turnpikes,  then  raih-oad-^,  were  constructed,  con- 
formed to  the  change  they  produced,  and  still  aided,  in  other 
ways,  the  growing  business  of  the  country.  Those  acquainted 
only  with  the  present  time,  when  there  are  so  many  means 
for  the  transmission 'of  funds,  and  when  there  is  a  uniform 
national  cuirency,  can  scarcely  realize  how  great  has  been 
the  change  since  the  commencement  of  the  State  Bank  of 
Indiana. 

Bank  of  the  State  of  Indiana. — In  anticipation  of  the 
expiration  of  the  charter  of  the  state  bank,  the  legislature, 
in  1855,  passed  the  charter  of  the  Banlc  of  the  State  of  I/n/iana. 
The  managers  of  the  old  bank  purchased  the  stock  in  most 
of  the  branches,  and  assumed  the  management  of  the  new 
bank,  a  responsibility  for  which  their  large  experience  had 
eminently  fitted  them.  Hugh  McCulloch,  of  Fort  Wayne, 
afterward  secretary  of  the  treasury,  was  the  president. 

The  branch  at  Richmond  was  organized  with  Albert  C. 
Blancliard  as  president,  and  Charles  F.  Coffin  as  cashier,  and 
took  the  room  and  place  of  business  of  the  state  bank.  It 
did  a  large  and  prosperous  business;  but  the  uncertainty 
caused  by  the  war,  and  the  heavy  taxation  imposed  on  state 
banks  by  Congress,  in  order  to  drive  them  out  of  business,  led 
its  stockholders,  in  1865,  to  wind  up  the  institution.  In  the 
same  year,  the 

Richmond  Xational  Bank  was  established  under  the 
national  banking  law,  was  opened  in  the  room  occupied  by 
the  liank  of  the  state,  and  previously  built  for  the  state  bank. 
Charles  F.  Coffin  Avas  elected  president,  and  Albert  II.,  son  of 
Albert  C,  cashier.  This  institution  is  still  in  successful 
operation. 

Citizens'  Bank, — Several  years  before  the  expiration  of  the 


390  HISTORY   OF   AVAYNE    COUNTY. 

charter  of  the  old  state  bank,  Kichmond  having  rapidly  in- 
creased in  population,  wealth,  and  business,  there  seemed  to  be 
an  opening  for  another  bank;  and  in  the  jeav  1853,  a  private 
partnership  was  formed,  consisting  of  Robert  Morrisson,  Albert 
C.  Blanchard,  and  Charles  F.  Coffin,  under  the  style  of  Mor- 
risson, Blanchard  &  Co.,  and  a  bank  was  opened,  called  Cit- 
izens'  Bank.  Its  first  place  of  business  was  a  small  room  on 
Main  street,  between  Marion  and  Pearl.  Its  business  was  the 
same  as  that  of  the  chartered  bank,  except  that  it  did  not  issue 
notes  for  circulation.  The  large  capital  and  high  character  of 
its  proprietors  secured  for  it  unlimited  credit  and  a  prosperous 
business.  A  larger  banking  office  being  soon  needed,  the 
present  large  and  elegant  building  on  the  corner  of  Main  and 
Pearl  streets  was  erected.  Its  banking  room  is  one  of  the 
finest  and  most  complete  in  the  country.  It  has  always  been 
the  policy  of  the  Citizens'  Bank  to  foster  the  trade  and  busi- 
ness of  Richmond;  and  its  loans  have  been  made  to  small 
mechanics  starting  in  business,  as  well  as  to  the  larger  estab- 
lishments which  needed  aid. 

In  1865,  Robert  Morrisson  died|;  and  his  only  child,  James 
L.  Morrisson,  succeeded  to  his  business.  Albert  C.  Blanchard 
had  previously  [in  1863],  after  so  many  years  of  active  devo- 
tion to  business,  retired  therefrom,  and  on  account  of  the  ill 
health  of  some  members  of  his  family,  reluctantly  left  the 
scene  of  his  active  labors — the  home  of  his  adoption — and  the 
companions  of  his  business  life ;  and,  having  withdrawn  his 
pecuniary  interest  from  Indiana, he  removed  to  Massachusetts, 
where  he  had  purchased  the  home  of  his  ancestors,  and  where 
he  now  lives  in  quiet  retirement.  He  was  succeeded  in  busi- 
ness by  his  son  Albert  H.  Blanchard,  the  bank  being  still  con- 
tinued in  the  name  of  Morrisson,  Blanchard  &  Co.,  by  Charles 
F.  Coffin  (one  of  the  original  proprietors),  James  L.  Morris- 
son, and  Albert  II.  Blanchard. 

The  First  National  Bank  of  Richmond,  organized  nnder 
authority  of  the  controller  of  the  currency,  to  continue  for  the 
term  of  nineteen  years,  commenced  business  Jul}^  13,  1863. 
Its  capital  stock  was  $110,000.  Its  directors  were  James  E. 
Reeves,  Edward  W.  Yarrington,  Joshua  Holland,  Wm.  S. 
Reid,  John  W.  Grubbs,  Isaac  P.  Evans,  J.  H.  Moorman,  J. 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  397 

Vanuxem,  Jun.,  and  Andrew  F.  Scott.  Only  two  changes  in 
the  board  have  occurred:  Thomas  Woodnut  in  the  place  of 
Joshua  Holland,  resigned;  and  Mark  E.  Reeves  in  the  place 
of  E.  W.  Yarrington,  deceased.  At  its  commencement  James 
E.  Reeves  was  chosen  president;  Edward  "W".  Yarrington, 
cashier;  Clement  "W.  Ferguson,  teller;  J,  F.  Reeves,  book- 
keeper. In  January,  1865,  T.  G.  Yarrington  was  elected 
cashier  in  the  place  of  E.  W.  Yarrington,  resigned;  David  II. 
Dougan  in  the  place  of  J.  F.  Reeves,  resigned.  In  Septem- 
ber, 1866,  John  B.  Dougan  was  appointed  assistant  book- 
keeper and  messenger.  In  Xovember,  1870,  J.  F.  Reeves  was 
chosen  cashier  in  the  place  of  T.  G.  Yarrington,  resigned. 

In  Ma}^  1864,  the  capital  stock  was  increased  §55,000,  and 
in  May,  1865,  §35,000,  making  the  present  capital  §200,000, 
all  invested  in  United  States  6  per  cent,  bonds. 

During  a  period  of  nearly  eight  years  since  the  organization 
of  the  bank,  it  has  loaned  between  thirteen  and  fourteen  mill- 
ions of  dollars,  including  over  ten  thousand  bills  and  notes 
discounted ;  and  the  entire  losses  incurred  amount  to  less 
than  four  hundred  dollars. 

Schools. 

The  schools  in  Riclimond,  at  the  time  of  its  incorporation  as  a 
town,  were  probably  but  little  in  advance  of  those  of  the  sur- 
rounding country.  But  as  is  usual  among  dense  populations, 
embracing  persons  of  the  diliorent  trades  and  professions,  the 
improvement  of  the  schools  was  more  rapid.  Teachers  of  su- 
perior qualifications  sought  these  places  for  greater  compensa- 
tion. 

The  general  government  had  wisely  appropriated  a  section 
of  land  [iSTo.  16,]  in  every  original  township  for  the  support  of 
schools.  But  it  was  many  years  before  this  fund  afforded  any 
considerable  aid.  Taxation  was  at  length  to  some  extent  re- 
sorted to.  Other  sources  of  income  to  tlie  school  fund  have 
been  provided,  and  improvements  made  in  the  school  system, 
until  the  schools  of  this  state,  under  its  well-devised  s\'stem, 
have  attained  to  a  position  equal  to  that  of  the  schools  of  most 
of  her  sister  states. 

The  Friends,  at  an  early  day,  established  a  school  in  the  town. 
After  the  separation  in  1828,  the  dissenting  portion  established 
one  also,  and  built  both  a  meeting-house  and  a  school-house 


5y»  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

near  the  junction  of  Franklin  street  and  Fort  Wayne  avenue. 
These  private  or  select  schools  have  been  continued,  with  the 
exception  of  a  few  brief  intervals,  to  the  present  time.  The 
school  building  of  the  old  society  stands  near  the  old  White- 
water meeting-house.  The  other  society  sold  their  buildings  a 
few  years  ago,  and  built  on  the  square,  between  Eighth  and 
Ninth  streets,  a  meeting-house  and  a  three-story  brick  school 
building,  in  which  a  good  school  is  sustained. 

There  are  two  large  public  school-houses  in  the  city.  A 
large,  elegant  brick  house  was  erected,  to  take  the  place  of  the 
old  one  on  the  public  square  conveyed  to  the  town  by  John 
Smith,  in  the  south  part  of  the  town,  between  Front  and 
Pearl  streets.  On  JSTorth  Fifth  street,  the  present  three-story 
brick  house  was  bnilt  several  years  since;  and  the  old  frame 
meeting-house  alluded  to  is  used  for  the  instruction  of  one  of 
the  departments. 

From  the  report  of  the  city  superintendent,  J.  McISTeill,  it 
appears  that  the  value  of  school  property  is  §60,000  ;  seating 
accommodations,  1,650;  assessed  value  of  city  property, 
$5,260,301 ;  number  of  children  in  the  city  entitled  to  the  ben- 
efits of  the  public  schools,  3,335  ;  number  of  pupils  enrolled  dur- 
ing the  year,  2,100;  average  number  in  daily  attendance, 
1,514. 

The  treasurer  reports  the  amount  received  during  the  year 
from  the  special  fund,  §11,696.55  ;  and  the  amount  of  expenses, 
$10,767.15.  The  amount  received  during  the  year  from  the 
tuition  fund,  $18,842.94,  making  the  total  receipts,  $30,539.49. 
The  total  expenditures  were  $27,-071.90. 

Eaiiham  College. 

This  institution  is  one  mile  west  of  Eichmond,  on  the  ISTa- 
tional  road.  It  has  a  compass  of  160  acres.  This  land  is  a 
part  of  what  were  formerly  known  as  the  Cook  and  Stewart 
farms,  Avhich  were  purchased  by  Indiana  Yearly  Meeting  of 
Friends,  in  the  year  1832. 

In  1847,  the  school  was  opened  in  two-fifths  of  the  present 
building,  and  in  the  years  1853-54,  the  remainder  was  com- 
pleted. This  institution  was  called  "  Friends'  Boarding  School " 
till  1859,  when  it  received  its  college  charter.      It  is  under 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  399 

the  charge  of  a  board  of  managers  appointed  by  Indiana 
Yearly  Meeting.  Its  first  president  was  Barnabas  C.  Ilobbs, 
late  superintendent  of  public  instruction  for  the  state  of  Indi- 
ana. There  is  both  a  preparatory  and  a  college  department, 
with  two  courses  of  study  for  each — a  classical  and  a  scientific. 

There  are  six  professorships,  as  follows:  1.  Moral  philoso- 
ph}'  and  geology.  2.  Greek  and  Latin  languages.  3.  Mathe- 
matics and  astronomy.  4.  Chemistry  and  botany.  5.  ]\Lodern 
languages  and  histor3\  6.  English  literature.  Besides  the 
professors  in  these  several  departments,  there  are  from  two  to 
throe  teachers  in  the  preparatory  department. 

The  college  has  a  well  furnished  reading-room,  and  a  library 
of  over  3,000  volumes.  The  contents  of  a  well  selected  cabi- 
net represent  chiefly  comparative  anatoni}',  geology,  conchol- 
ogy,  and  mineralogy. 

Both  sexes  are  admitted  to  the  institution,  and  have  equal 
privileges  and  opportunities. 

Rdiglous  Societies. 

Friends. — The  reader  of  the  preceding  pages  must  have  ob- 
served that  most  of  the  earliest  settlers  in  AVayne  county  vrere 
members  of  the  society  of  Friends.  Dr.  riummer,  in  his  His- 
torical Sketch  of  Kichmond,  says  :  "A  meeting  of  this  society 
was  established  here  as  early  as  1807,  and  was  first  held  in  a 
log  building  vacated  by  Jeremiah  Cox,  and  b}'  him  furnished 
with  seats  ;"  and  "soon  afterward,"  he  says,  "in  the  old  log 
meeting-house  of  1823,  standing  near  the  site  of  the  present 
large  brick  one."  Of  this  he  remai'ks  :  "  I  remember  its  leaky 
roof,  letting  the  rain  through  upon  tlie  slab  benches  with  three 
pair  of  legs  and  no  backs  ;  its  charcoal  fires  kept  in  sugar  ket- 
tles, (for  as  yet  stoves  Avere  not  })rocnred,)  and  the  toes 
]iinched  with  cold,  of  the  young  who  sat  remote  from  the  ket- 
tles." Jesse  Bond,  John  Morrow,  and  William  Williams  were 
among  their  earliest  ministers. 

The  first  yearly  meeting  is  said  to  have  been  held  here  in 
1821,  in  the  log  house.  But  as  this  house  could  not  contain 
the  many  hundreds  of  Friends  expected  from  all  directions, 
and  many  of  them  from  a  great  distance,  a  temporary  Iniild- 
ino;  or  shed  was  erected  for  the  mule  members,  the  house  being 


400  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

designed  for  the  females.  As  the  country  was  as  yet  sparsely 
settled,  and  as  many  of  the  settlers  still  lived  in  their  log 
houses,  it  was  a  mattter  of  some  speculation  how  lodging  and 
entertainment  could  be  furnished  for  so  large  a  number  as  were 
expected  from  abroad.  Notwithstanding  the  bad  roads,  the 
attendance  was  large.  Some  came  on  horseback,  others  in 
farm  wagons,  with  a  covering  of  cloth  stretched  over  wooden 
bows.  As  to  their  accommodations  and  fare  during  the  meet- 
ing, it  is  sufficient  to  say,  they  were  satisfied. 

At  this  meeting  measures  were  taken  to  build  a  yearly  meet- 
ing-house. A  committee  was  appointed  to  report  the  next 
year.  According  to  this  report,  a  brick  house  was  to  be  built, 
110  feet  long,  60  feet  wide,  and  sufficiently  higli  to  admit  of  a 
youth's  gallery  ;  the  funds  to  be  raised  by  a  tax  upon  the  mem- 
bers of  the  meeting,  now  composed  of  several  quarterly  meet- 
ings. Although  the  people  were  yet  poor,  the  house  was  built, 
its  cost  and  appearance  exhibiting  a  striking  contrast  with  the 
expense  and  style  of  houses  of  worship  built  at  the  present  time. 
The  following  statement  of  materials  and  cost  is  said  to  have 
appeared  in  the  Public  Ledge?' :  The  number  of  perches  of  stone 
in  the  foundation,  225;  66,000  bricks;  6,473  feet  of  hewed 
timber;  1,250  feet  of  sawed  scantling;  43,200  shingles;  1,020 
panes  of  glass.  The  walls  of  the  lower  story  were  22  inches 
thick;  of  the  upper,  18  inches.  Expenditures  in  cash  were 
$3,489.91.  Of  the  value  of  labor  performed  by  members  and 
other  citizens  without  charge,  probably  no  account  was  ever 
kept. 

Its  walls  were  finished  in  1823 ;  but  the  building  was  not 
completed  until  the  next  year.  The  old  house  still  performs 
its  wonted  service.  "Within  its  walls  and  inclosures  thousands 
continue  to  assemble  to  transact  the  business  of  the  meeting, 
to  witness  its  proceedings,  and  to  listen  to  the  addresses  of 
their  preachers.  The  building  of  a  new  house  has  been  pro- 
posed, but  the  proposition  has  as  yet  failed  to  receive  the 
approval  of  any  yearly  meeting. 

The  other  society  of  the  Friends,  finding  their  grounds  and 
house  of  worship  insufficient  for  the  uses  of  the  society,  and 
desiring  a  better  location,  sold  their  property,  and  purchased 
the  square    between  Eighth  and   Ninth   streets,  and  east   of 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  401 

B^oadwa3^  A  more  eligible  site  conld  not  have  been  selected. 
On  these  grounds  they  erected,  in  1865,  their  neat  and  commo- 
dious meeting-house,  and,  in  1867,  their  three-story  brick 
school-house,  in  which  a  school  of  a  high  order  is  maintained. 
Presbyterian  Church. — This  church  was  formed  Novem- 
ber 15,  1839.  By  appointment  of  Presbytery,  Rev.  Peter 
II.  Golliday  and  Eev.  Edgar  Hughes  were  present  for  the 
purpose  of  examining  members.  The  persons  composing  the 
church  at  the  time  of  its  organization  were  :  John  Douo-au, 
John  B.  Taylor,  Thomas  Young,  Matthew  B.  Cochran,  Ellis 
G.  Young,  Ebeuezer  Bishop,  and  Larkin  Gordon,  with  their 
wives,  ]\Iargaret  Fryar,  Mary  Fryar,  Cynthia  Fryar,  Fieldino- 
Young,  Margaret  E.  Young,  AYm.  Clenedist,  Jane  Williams, 
Ann  Sayre,  Eliza  Hamilton,  I^ancy  Park,  I'arnielia  Maxwell, 

Wm.    McGookin,    Sarah    Sturdovant,   AYatson,    Sarah 

Jefiries,  Wm.  McGlathery,  Lavina  Fryar,  Sarah  Thompson. 
The  first  elders  chosen  were  :  John  Dougan,  Yv^m.  McGlath- 
ery, and  John  B.  Taylor.  The  names  of  those  who  have 
since  been  elected  to  this  office  are  :  Moses  C.  Browning, 
"VYm.  L.  Fryar,  Thomas  Hannah,  AYm.  Blanchard,  Robert 
Fox,  Almond  Samson,  Wm.  C.  Scott,  John  Cheney,  Daniel  K. 
Zeller.  The  iirst  minister  was  Charles  Sturdevant,  whose 
pastorate  continued  about  four  years.  Those  who  have  since 
served  the  church  as  preachers  are:  Thomas  Whallon ;  A.  R. 
Is^aylor ;  F.  P.  Monfort,  about  five  years ;  Rev.  McGuire,  who, 
after  about  a  year  and  a  half,  died;  John  F.  Smith,  three  or 
four  years;  "\Y.  H.  Yan  Doren,  three  or  four  years.  In  July, 
1864,  L.  "W.  Chapman  became  minister  of  the  church,  and 
continued  until  May,  1870.  In  Jul}-  following,  J.  ]\1,  Hughes 
commenced  his  labors,  and  was  installed  as  pastor  a  few 
months  afterward.  For  a  short  time  after  the  organization 
of  the  church,  their  meetings  were  held  in  the  house  of  the 
United  Presbyterians.  The  next  year  they  built  a  frame 
meeting-house  on  Front  street,  between  Walnut  and  Market 
streets.  Their  present  brick  church  edifice  on  South  Fifth 
street  was  commenced  in  July,  1852,  and  dedicated  in  Janu- 
ary or  February,  1854. 

United  Presbyterian  Church. — This  church,  at  the  time  of 
its    organization,  was  called   the  Associate  Beformcd  Prcsby- 
28 


402  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

terian  Church.  The  records  of  this  church  prior  to  October, 
1842,  having  be'eu  lost,  the  few  facts  of  its  early  history  here 
given  are  furnished  chiefly  from  recollection,  by  one  who  was 
a  member  at  the  time  of  its  organization.  At  the  time  of  his 
settlement  here,  there  were  but  few  Presbyterians  in  this 
vicinity.  The  first  sermon  from  a  Presbyterian  minister  is 
supposed  to  have  been  preached  by  Alexander  Porter,  in  1824. 
Only  occasional  preaching,  however,  was  had  for  many  years. 
The  first  pastor,  or  settled  minister,  was  Wm.  M.  Boyce,  in 
1835  or  1836.  A  frame  meeting-house  was  built  on  Pearl 
street,  south  of  Main.  Among  those  who  became  members 
at  and  near  the  time  of  the  organization  were:  Robert 
Grimes,  Daniel  Reid,  A.  Grimes,  Jeremiah.  L.  Meek,  and 
John  Reid,  with  their  wives,  widow  Grimes,  Mary  Kibby, 
James  McFadden,  Mary  Davidson,  Isaac  Conley.  Robert 
Grimes  and  Daniel  Reid  were  chosen  elders.  The  name  of 
Joseph  McCord  appears  on  record  as  an  elder  at  a  meeting  of 
the  session  in  1843.  The  pastorate  of  Mr.  Boyce  terminated 
in  1851 ;  after  which  the  church  had  for  many  years  no  set- 
tled pastor  or  stated  preaching.  In  1858,  it  assumed  the 
name  of  the  United  Presbyterian  Church,  and  Adrian  Aten 
became  its  pastor.  In  August,  1862,  Robert  Grimes,  one  of 
its  elders,  died.  In  October,  1863,  "Wm.  S.  Reid  and  John  J. 
Conle}^  were  chosen  elders.  In  1864,  it  is  believed,  the  labors 
of  Mr.  Aten  as  pastor  ceased ;  and  on  the  7th  of  May,  1866, 
iSTixon  E.  Wade  was  ordained  and  installed.  About  the  same 
time  the  society  decided  to  build  anew  house  of  worship; 
and  in  November  following,  [1866,]  Wm.  S.  Reid  was  chosen 
"to  take  the  entire  superintendence  of  the  new  church  build- 
ing." David  H.  Dougan  was  elected  treasurer ;  and  Daniel 
Reid,  John  J.  Conley,  and  David  H.  Dougan,  trustees  for  the 
ensuing  year.  On  Sabbath,  September  15,  1867,  the  congre- 
gation entered  their  new  house  of  worship  for  the  first  time. 
The  opening  sermon  was  preached  by  Wm.  Davidson,  D.  D., 
of  Hamilton,  Ohio.  July  17, 1869,  A.  M.  Weed  was  chosen  an 
elder.  In  February,  1870,  Rev.  Joseph  W.  Clokey,  the  pres- 
ent pastor,  commenced  his  labors,  and  was  installed  the  28th 
of  April  following. 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  403 

Methodist  Churches. — Next  to  that  of  the  Friends,  the  first 
religious  society  in  Richmond  was  the  Methodist  JEpiscojmL 
The  exact  date  of  its  organization  is  not  easily  ascertained. 
Dr.  PUimmer  says:  "The  first  meeting  was  hekl  in  1819  in  a 
small  log  house  on  Front  street.  Daniel  Fraley  was  perhaps 
the  first  preacher  in  this  section  of  country.  He  officiated 
in  1814  [it  was  in  1816]  to  Chryst,  the  first  legally  convicted 
murderer  in  Wayne  county.  John  W.  Sullivan  was  the  first 
stationed  Methodist  minister  in  Richmond."  Rev.  R.  Toby, 
in  his  discourse  in  Pearl  Street  church,  April  4,1869,  on  the 
origin  and  progress  of  Methodism  in  Richmond,  says,  that 
in  1822,  Russell  Bigelow  w^as  preacher  in  charge  of  White- 
water circuit.  [According  to  Rev.  W.  C.  Smith,  in^  a 
chapter  on  the  "Progress  of  Methodism,"  Allen  Wiley  and 
James  T.  Wells  were  appointed  to  Whitewater  circuit  in  1822, 
and  Russell  Bigelow  in  1823.]  We  learn  further  from  Mr. 
Toby,  that,  after  some  eflbrt  to  obtain  a  house  to  preach  in, 
the  use  of  a  small  school-house  was  obtained.  Mr.  Bigelow, 
he  says,  preached  the  first  sermon  delivered  by  a  Methodist 
in  Richmond.  A  small  class  was  organized,  whose  meetings 
were  held  for  a  time  in  the  house  of  Mrs.  Pierson.  The  mem- 
bers of  this  class  are  stated  by  Rev.  Mr.  Smith,  to  have  been 
George  Smith  and  Sarah,  his  wife,  Merc}^  B.  Smith,  Rachel  S. 
Smith,  Stephen  Thomas  and  Margaret,  his  Avife,  and  Margaret 
Pierson.  ^ 

Richmond  having  been  given  up  for  a  time,  Rev.  James 
Havens,  in  the  autumn  of  1825,  succeeded  in  re-establishing 
Methodism  here.  A  frame  meeting-house  w^as  built  on  or 
near  the  present  site  of  the  Pearl  Street  church;  and  in  1838, 
Richmond  became  a  station.  In  1851,  the  present  brick 
church  was  built;  the  old  frame  building  having  been  re- 
moved to  Seventh  street,  south  of  and  near  Main,  and  con- 
verted into  a  dwelling  house.  The  names  of  the  pastors  of 
this  church,  in  the  order  of  their  appointment,  are :  John  W. 
Sullivan,  J.  Tarkington,  J.  H.  Hull,  R.  D.  Robinson,  A.  Con- 
well,  W.  Wheeler,  J.  M.  Stagg,  C.  W.  Miller,  J.  H.Hull  (sec- 
ond time),  W.  H.  Goode,  f .  Webb,  J.  W.  Staftbrd,  S.  T. 
Cooper,   A.   Eddy,  V.  M.  Beamer,    H.  N.   Barnes,  J.  Col- 


404  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

clazer,  J.  W.  T.  McMullen,  Dr.  T.  S.  Jolinson,  now  inissionary 
to  India,  C.  K  Sims,  N.  H.  Phillips,  E.  Toby,  and  J.  V.  E. 
.  Miller,  the  present  pastor. 

Grace  Church  [Methodist  Episcopal,]  was  formed,  August 
24,  1858,  chiefly,  from  members  of  the  Pearl  Street  church. 
They  bought  the  property  now  owned  by  the  Central  church, 
and  fitted  up  the  second  story  for  a  place  of  worship,  which 
was  named  Union  Chapel,  and  occupied  by  the  society  until 
the  completion  of  their  new  house  on  the  south-west  corner 
of  Seventh  street  and  Broadway,  which  bears  the  name  of 
Grace  Church.  This  is  a  large  and  elegant,  as  well  as  the 
most  costly  church  edifice  in  the  city.  It  was  built  in  1868, 
under  the  general  superintendence  of  a  building  committee, 
consisting  of  Charles  T.  Price,  Wm.  G.  Scott,  Isaac  D.  Dunn, 
E.  M.  Baylies,  Clinton  McWhinney,  and  Lewis  Burk.  The 
cost  of  the  building  and  lot  was  a  little  less  than  $40,000. 
The  names  of  the  ministers  in  charge,  and  the  years  of  their 
appointments,  are  as  follows:  J.  Y.  E.  Miller,  1858;  F.  A. 
Hardin,  1860 ;  A.  Greenraan,  1861 ;  W.  H.  Goode,  A.  S.  Kin- 
nan,  1863;  Wm.  Wilson,  1865,  resigned  during  the  first 
quarter,  and  was  succeeded  by  A.  Marine,  1865  ;  A.  S.  Kinnan, 
1868;  E.  B.  Snyder,  1870;  A.  A.  Brown,  1871. 

Central  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. — A  society  of 
Methodists,  the  third  charge  of  that  denomination  in  the 
city,  was  organized  in  1867.  Among  the  leading  men  in 
this  movement  were :  David  Sands,  Barton  "Wyatt,  George 
W.  Iliif,  James  Hamilton,  Dr.  Daniel  Lesh,  and  AYm.  Gor- 
such.  The  society  occupied  a  meeting-house,  on  the  corner 
of  Marion  and  Market  streets,  until  1868,  when  David  Sands 
and  Barton  Wyatt  purchased  the  Union  Chapel  buildings,  on 
Main  street,  previously  owned  by  the  second  church,  [Grace.] 
The  place  of  worship  is  in  the  second  story,  the  lower  story 
being  occupied  by  business  men.  In  1870,  the  property  was 
bought  by  the  society.  The  pastors  of  this  church  have 
been :  J.  E.  Layton,  Patrick  Garland,  C.  W.  Miller,  and 
Thomas  Comstock,  the  present  incumbent. 

Episcopal  Church. — The  first  Episcopal  services  in  this 
city  were  held  in  the  winter  of  1837,  by  Bishop  Jackson 
Kemper,  of   AViscousin.     In   the   ensuing   spring,  Eev.  Mr. 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  405 

AValcIo  can'ie  and  preached  two  months  in  the  Warner  buikl- 
ing.  In  the  snmmer  and  fall  of  this  year,  Eev.  George  Fisk, 
sent  by  the  Board  of  Domestic  Missions  of  that  church,  com- 
menced his  labors  with  this  society.  They  occupied,  for  a  time, 
the  Warner  building,  and  then  removed  to  the  Masonic 
Lodge  room,  in  the  back  part  of  Joshua  AY.  Haines'  building, 
on' Main  street.  The  church  was  regularly  organized  in  Feb- 
ruary, 1839.  The  vestrymen  elected  were:  James  W.Borden, 
Stephen  B.  Stanton,  George  Arnold, Harmon  B.Payne,  John 
D.  McClellan.  Wardens:  James  B.  Green  and  H.  B.  Payne. 
Clerk,  Ebenezer  T.  Turner.  Rev.  Mr.  Fisk,  on  account  of 
protracted  ill  health,  resigned  his  charge  in  1855,  and  died  in 
Februar}^,  1860.  Rev,  John  B.  Wakefield  was  chosen  rector 
on  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Fisk,  and  continues  to  serve  the 
church  in  that  capacity.  The  society  commenced  building 
their  present  church  edifice  in  1840,  and  first  occupied  the 
basement  in  1842.  The  house  was  finished  in  1849,  and  con- 
secrated the  20th  of  December  of  that  year. 

JSTew  Jerusalem  Church. — An  organization  of  the  New 
Church  in  Richmond  was  effected  in  October,  1849,  by  Dr.  O. 
P.  Baer,  Dr.  Joseph  Howells,  Jacob  Purington,  Sidney  Smith, 
Wm.  Austin,  and  their  families.  The  society  flourished  but 
for  a  short  time.  Most  of  the  families  removing  from  the 
city,  its  support  was  devolved  chiefly  upon  Dr.  Baer,  who 
procured  occasional  preaching  from  missionaries  visiting 
Richmond,  meetings  being  held  wherever  places  could  be  ob- 
tained. In  1867,  he  hired  Rev.  G.  Nelson  Smith,  of  Urbana, 
Oliio,  to  preach  every  four  weeks  at  his  residence.  And  in 
]SIarch,  1869,  was  formed  a  permanent  organization  of  a  so- 
ciety for  a  more  eff'ective  promulgation  of  the  doctrines  of  the 
jSTew  Church.  A  meeting  was  called  of  "  all  those  persons  who 
believed  the  doctrines  of  the  Lord,  as  taught  by  Emanuel 
Swedenborg,"  at  which  meeting  Dr.  Baer  submitted  a  decla- 
ration of  principles  and  doctrine,  and  a  constitution,  which 
were  accepted  and  signed  by  Dr.  O.  P.  Baer,  Mrs.  0.  P.  Baer, 
Frank  Pruyn,  Mrs.  A.  Pruyn,  J.  H.  Elder,  his  wife,  and 
daughter,  Sarah  Wrigley,  Julia  Finley,  Esther  Chandler, 
Martin  L.  Crocker  and  his  wife,  David  Strawbridge,  and 
Thomas   Deyarmon.     Five    trustees   were    elected,    to    wit : 


406  ^  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

Frank  Prnyn,  secretary ;  0.  P.  Baer,  treasurer  and  chair- 
man;  Thomas  Deyarmon,  David  Strawbridge,  and  John  II. 
Elder.  In  May  following,  it  was  resolved  to  bnild  a  church 
edifice;  and  a  subscription  paper  was  drawn.  The  lot  on  the 
south-east  corner  of  Franklin  and  Walnut  streets  was  pur- 
chased for  §1,500;  and  a  contract  was  made  for  the  building 
of  the  house  for  $3,650.  The  whole  cost,  in  its  present  con- 
dition, was  about  $6,000;  of  which  $2,000  was  raised  by  sub- 
scription, the  remainder  by  Dr.  Baer  and  his  wife.  The 
temple  was  dedicated  on  Sunday,  January  23,  1870,  by  Eev. 
George  Field,  assisted  b}^  Rev.  Frank  Sewal.  Mr.  Field  was 
elected  as  minister,  and  is  serving  the  society  with  accept- 
ance. A  Sabbath-school  is  well  sustained  by  the  congrega- 
tion. The  temple  is  a  fine  brick  structure,  of  Gothic  style, 
seating  comfortably  175  persons. 

Baptist  Church. — This  church  and  society,  which  has  ex- 
isted about  seven  years,  commenced  holding  its  meetings  in 
April,  1865,  in  I^o.  3  Engine  Hall,  with  an  attendance  of 
twelve  to  eighteen  persons.  A  Sabbath-school  of  30  scholars 
was  commenced  in  June  following;  and  on  the  30th  of  July, 
a  church  of  22  members  was  formed.  After  having  wor- 
shiped in  the  hall  about  six  months,  they  met  in  what  was 
known  as  Hadley's  Hall.  In  1866,  a  lot  on  Eighth  street, 
near  and  north  of  Main,  was  purchased  for  a  house  of  wor- 
ship. In  April,  1867,  a  larger  room  having  become  necessary, 
meetings  were  held  in  Phillips'  Hall,  until  the  completion  of 
the  lecture  room  of  the  new  church  edifice,  in  January,  1869. 
This  building  was  commenced  in  June,  1868,  with  very 
limited  means  within  the  society.  Rev.  J.  P.  Agenbroad, 
the  pastor,  E.  E.  Beetle,  and  C.  S.  Farnham,  were  appointed 
a  building  committee,  and  were  also  to  collect  funds.  The 
building  has  been  completed,  except  the  spire  and  some 
internal  arrangements.  By  the  observance  of  a  strict  econ- 
omy, it  has  been  brought  to  its  present  condition,  at  a  cost 
not  exceeding  $15,000.  It  is  a  spacious,  convenient  build- 
ing, containing  a  pastor's  study,  and  a  room  designed  for 
festivals  ^and  other  social  gatherings.  The  membership  of 
the  church  has  been  increased  to  about  150.     To  the  assidu- 


CITY   OF   KICIIxMOND.  407 

ous  labors  of  its  pastor,  is  the  clmrcli  greatly  indebted  for  its 
temporal  and  spiritual  prosperity. 

A  Congregational  Church  was  organized  in  Richmond,  in 
1835.  Eev.  Peter  Crocker,  not  then  residing  in  the  city, 
commenced  preaching  to  the  congregation  every  alternate 
Sabljath.  The  society,  having  no  house  of  worship  of  its 
own,  hired  a  house  in  the  south  part  of  the  city.  The  dea- 
cons of  this  church  were  John  Sailor  and Phelps.    At  the 

expiration  of  one  year,  Mr.  Crocker  removed  to  the  city,  and 
the  congregation  became  his  sole  charge.  In  1839,  the  or- 
ganization was  discontinued,  and  most  of  its  members  united 
with  the  Presbyterian  church. 

EiCHMOND  Friends'  Meeting  was  organized  in  1864.  They 
occupied  as  their  place  of  worship,  a  meeting-house  on  the 
corner  of  Marion  and  Market  streets,  until  1867,  when  their 
present  house  of  worship  on  Fifth  street,  commenced  in 
1866,  was  completed.  This  meeting  was  composed  of  what 
is  termed  the  "Orthodox"  Friends,  and  its  formation  was 
induced  by  the  excessive  numbers  of  the  old  meeting,  and 
the  inconvenience  of  attending  meeting  for  worship  in  the 
remote  part  of  the  city.  The  new  building  is  a  neat  and 
commodious  edifice  of  moderate  size,  being  75  by  45  feet,  and 
costing  about  $15,000.  The  building  committee  consisted  of 
Charles  F.  Coffin,  Hugh  Maxwell,  Benj.  Johnson,  Stephen 
Mendcnhall,  and  John  Mcholson.  This  is  one  of  the  four 
preparative  meetings  which  belong  to  the  old  Whitewater 
monthly  meeting. 

St.  Andrew's  Church  and  Congreration,  the  first  Catholic 
church,  for  both  German  and  Irish  Catholics,  was  built  by 
Rev.  Father  John  Ryan,  in  the  year  1846,  corner  of  Pearl  and 
Sycamore  streets,  where  now  the  new  church  stands.  The 
new  building  was  erected,  under  Rev.  Father  J.  13.  Secpe,  in 
the  year  1859.  It  is  120  feet  long,  60  feet  wide,  and  40  feet 
high.  In  1870,  the  steeple  was  completed,  being  110  feet 
high,  and  three  bells  were  purchased,  and  a  fine  clock,  under 
the  direction  of  the  present  pastor,  Rev.  F.  Iluiidt.  The 
St.  Andrew's  congregation  has  about  200  families,  and  has 
three  schools  under  the  direction  of  one  male  teacher  and  two 
sisters. 


408  HISTORY    OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

German  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church. — This  cliurcli  [St. 
John's,]  was  organized  in  1845  or  1846 ;  and  a  brick  house  of 
worship  was  erected  in  1846,  on  South  Front  street,  and  en- 
larged in  1855.  Their  first  pastor  was  E.  C.  Shultz  ;  the  pres- 
ent is  Gottlieb  Lovenstein.     IsTumber  of  members,  about  200. 

Another  German  Evangelical  Lutheran  Church  [St.  Paul's,] 
was  organized  in  1853,  Their  house  of  worship  is  on  South 
Erauklin  street.  Their  first  pastor  was  Rev,  Schamm;  the 
present  is  J.  Rehsteiner.  The  congregation  numbers  about 
the  same  as  that  of  St.  John's. 

Irish  Catholic  Church  [St.  Mary's.] — The  date  of  its  or- 
ganization has  not  been  furnished.  The  church  building  was 
erected  in  1853-54,  for  the  English  Evangelical  Lutheran 
Congregation,  organized  in  1853  ;  the  expense  of  the  building, 
§7,000,  having  been  borne  principally  by  Lewis  Burk.  About 
twelve  years  ago,  it  was  purchased  by  the  Catholics,  and  has 
since  been  enlarged.  First  pastor,  Father  Aegidius  Mertz; 
second.  Father  John  Villars;  and  for  the  last  four  years, 
Father  Frank  Moitrier. 

Benevolent  Societies. 

Children's  Home. — This  truly  benevolent  institution  is 
worthy  of  record  in  our  history.  It  was  established  April  1, 
1867,  and  is  under  the  management  and  control  of  a  society 
known  as  the  "  Union  Relief  Association"  whose  object  is  to 
aid  the  indigent  of  the  city.  The  good  work  of  seeking  out 
the  needy  and  the  suffering,  and  of  administering  relief,  was 
actively  prosecuted  for  a  few  years,  when  it  became  apparent 
that  greater  good  could  be  accomplished  by  gathering  up  the 
destitute  children,  orphans  and  half  orphans,  and  those  in 
an  equally  pitiable  condition,  abandoned  by  their  natural 
guardians,  and  placing  them  where  not  only  their  physical 
wants  would  be  properly  attended  to,  but  where  especial  care 
might  be  bestowed  upon  their  moral  and  intellectual  culture. 
The  object  of  the  institution  is  to  procure  for  them  good  and 
permanent  homes,  where  they  may  grow  up  under  these 
wholesome  influences,  and  become  useful  members  of  society. 
The  Home  has  fully  met  the  expectations  of  its  founders, 
and  has  thus  far  been  wholly  supported  by  voluntary  con- 


CITY    OP   RICHMOND.  409 

tribiitions.  The  beneficial  results  of  the  quiet  labors  of  the 
members  of  the  association,  are  constantly  increasing  the 
number  of  the  friends  and  patrons  of  the  institution. 

Home  for  the  Friendless. — This  institution  was  organized 
November  4,  1867,  under  the  auspices  of  the  Young  Men's 
Christian  Association,  by  a  committee  of  ladies,  appointed  by 
the  association.  The  object  of  the  founders  of  the  Home  is 
the  relief  of  suffering  females — women  and  children — es- 
pecially the  reclamation  of  that  most  unfortunate  and 
abandoned  class  whose  reformation  is  generally  supposed  to 
be  hopeless.  The  Home  is  at  present  on  South  Seventh 
street.  Of  the  inmates,  those  who  are  able  to  labor  are 
furnished  with  work.  Some  are  provided  with  homes  in 
good  families,  or  in  other  ways  cared  for.  The  average 
number  of  inmates  has  been  less  than  25.  The  number  ad- 
mitted during  the  year  has  averaged  about  115.  Of  the 
class  denominated  "fallen  girls,"  the  yearly  average  is  nearly 
50.  Among  these  have  been  several  marked  cases  of 
reformation. 

The  officers  of  the  society  are  :  Ehoda  M.  Coffin,  president ; 
S.  A.  Ilift',  vice-president;  R.  A.  Mendenhall,  secretary;  ]Mrs. 
J.  Elder,  treasurer;  Mrs.  E.  L.  Johnson,  superintendent;  Mrs. 
H.  A.  Stanton,  matron. 

Building  Associations. 

The  object  of  a  building  association  is  to  raise  moneys 
from  the  savings  of  its  members,  to  be  loaned  to  members  of 
the  association,  for  use  in  buying  lots  or  houses,  and  in  build- 
ing and  repairing  houses,  and  for  such  other  purposes  as  are 
provided  for  in  the  act  of  the  legislature,  approved  March 
5,  1857,  authorizing  the  incorporation  of  such  associations. 

The  capital  stock  of  each  association  is  limited  to  §100,000, 
and  is  divided  into  shares  of  §200  each.  Seven  of  these  as- 
sociations have  been  organized  in  Richmond  since  March, 
1870,  with  an  aggregate  capital  of  §700,000.  The  titles  of  the 
associations  and  the  names  of  their  officers  are  as  follows: 

Pioneer  Building  Association,  organized  March  7,  1870, 
Directors — Charles  P.Peterson,  president ;  Edward  H.  Conkle, 
vice-president;  John  H.  Dickman,  secretary;  W.  P.  "Wilson, 


410  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

treasurer;  Richard  A.  Howard,  James  M.  Poe,  Lewis  K. 
Harris,  Frederick  Maag,  M.  E.  Hillis. 

Richmond  Building  Association,  organized  April  18,  1870. 
Di7'ectors — Daniel  K.  Zeller,  president ;  Daniel  B.  Crawford, 
vice-president;  James  J.  Russell,  secretary;  Ethan  C.  Kelly, 
treasurer ;  James  M.  Poe,  Benj.  W.  Elliott,  Thomas  J.  Newby, 
Charles  P.  Peterson,  Jonas  W.  Yeo. 

"Whitewater  Building  Association,  organized  January  9, 
1871.  Directors — James  M.  Poe,  president ;  Charles  P.  Peter- 
son, vice-president;  James  J.  Russell,  secretary;  John  W. 
Randall,  treasurer;  "VVm.  H.  Brandall,  John  H.  Dickman, 
George  W.  Mallis,  Arthur  A.  Curme,  Peter  Johnson. 

Mechanics'  Building  Association,  organized  February  7, 
1871.  Directors — Lewis  K.  Harris,  president;  Henr}^  H. 
MeerhofF,  vice-president ;  John  H.  Dickman,  secretary ;  Wm. 
Bartel,  treasurer;  John  H.  Dickinson,  Henry  Meyer,  Henry 
Cutter,  Richard  A.  Howard,  "W.  Hawecotte. 

Fifth  Building  Association,  organized  February  14,  1871. 
Directors — Edward  Bellis,  president ;  Oran  Perry,  vice-presi- 
dent ;  James  J.  Russell,  secretary ;  David  H.  Dougan,  treas- 
urer; Clement  W.Ferguson,  Arthur  A.  Curme,  James  M. 
Poe,  Wm.  J.  Hiatt,  Edward  H.  Dennis. 

Sixth  Building  Association,  organized  March  7,  1871. 
Directors — Frederick  Rosa,  president ;  George  H.  Snyder,  vice- 
president;  John  H.  Dickman,  secretary  ;  Henry  Cutler,  treas- 
urer; D.  Feltman,  Geo.  Schnelle,  Geo.  Hasecoster,  John 
Koehring,  Henry  Tieman. 

Seventh  Building  Association,  organized  April  18,  1871. 
Directors — John  S.  Lyle,  president;  Phil.  F.  Wiggins,  vice- 
president;  James  J.  Russell,  secretary;  John  B.  Dougan, 
treasurer;  James  M.  Poe,  Benj.  W.Elliott,  James  E.Thomas, 
Stephen  S.  Strattau,  M.  W.  Hobbs. 

Richmond  Industrial  Association. 

This  association  was  organized  Ma}^  12, 1870,  with  a  capital 
stock  of  $30,000,  divided  in  shares  of  $10.  It  purchased  of 
ISTathan  Hawkins  32  acres  of  ground  lying  on  Seventeenth 
street  for  $15,000.  Expended  for  improvements,  about 
$16,000.     First  Board  of  Directors— J ow^ls  W.  Yeo,  Arthur 


^^L.^_^7V^  6  3,^.^...^ 


CITY   OF  RICHMOND.  411 

A.  Curme,  Edward  Y.  Teas,  J.  M.  Gaar,  T.  Yv^.  Roberts,  W. 
H.  Bennett,  W.  C.  Starr,  John  J.  Conley,  Levi  Drulej,  Ste- 
phen Farlow,  John  Brooks.  Officers — J.  Milton  Gaar,  Presi- 
dent ;  Jonas  W.  Yeo,  Vice-President ;  Oran  Perry,  Secre- 
tary; C.  W.  Ferguson,  Treasurer;  C.  Fetta,  Superintendent. 
Annual  meetings  are  held  on  the  first  Monday  in  February. 
The  ofiicers  for  1870  were  re-elected  in  1871.  The  first  Fair 
was  held  September  25tli  to  30th,  inclusive.  The  second  fair, 
September  11th  to  16th,  inclusive.  Both  fairs  were  attended 
with  complete  success,  equaling  the  state  fairs  in  the  quantity 
and  quality  of  articles  on  exhibition. 

Biographical  and  Genealogical. 

William  Bell  was  born  in  Belfast,  Ireland,  in  1797.  In 
that  large  commercial  city  he  and  his  revered  father  composed 
the  widely-known  firm  of  John  Beh  &  Co.,  a  very  extensive 
manufacturing  and  exporting  concern,  giving  employment  to 
several  thousand  persons.  A  great  financial  crisis  destroyed 
their  business,  and  involved  them  in  overwhelming  losses. 
From  this  shock  the  subject  of  this  notice  never  recovered. 
In  1842,  he  left  his  native  land  for  the  United  States.  He 
was  a  prominent  member  of  the  society  of  Friends,  and  a 
faithful  defender  of  its  principles  and  testimonies.  For  five 
years  previous  to  his  coming  to  this  country  he  edited  the 
Iiish  Friend,  in  which  he  boldly  promulgated  the  principles 
and  measures  he  held  so  dear.  He  was  a  resident  of  liich- 
mond  for  about  twenty  years.  During  this  time  he  was  ever 
ready  to  co-operate  in  works  of  benevolence.  The  cause  of 
temperance,  the  abolition  of  slavery,  and  other  objects  of  a 
philanthropic  character,  received  his  ardent  and  active  sup- 
port.    He  died  March  5,  1871. 

Thomas  W.  Bennett  was  born  in  Union  county,  Indiana, 
Feb.  16, 1831.  His  father  was  a  farmer,  and  raised  his  son 
to  work  on  the  farm.  In  1850,  at  the  age  of  19,  he  entered 
Indiana  Asbury  University,  where  he  completed  his  educa- 
tion in  July,  1854.  Immediately  afterward  he  began  the 
study  of  the  law,  and  after  a  full  course,  graduated  in  the  law 
school  of  the  Asbury  University  in  July,  1855.  During  the 
spring  and  summer  of  1853,  he  was  Professor  of  Mathematics 


412  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

and  Natural  Science  in  Whitewater  College  in  Centerville. 
He  commenced  tlie  practice  of  his  profession  at  Liberty,  in. 
his  native  county,  in  the  fall  of  1855,  and  continued  in  the 
practice  actively  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  rebellion  in 
1861.  On  the  first  call  for  troops,  in  April,  he  raised  a  com- 
pany of  volunteers,  and  entered  the  army  as  a  captain,  in  the 
15th  Eegiment  of  Indiana  Volunteers.  He  served  in  that  ca- 
pacity in  Western  Virginia  until  Sept.,  1861,  when  he  was  pro- 
moted to  major  of  the  36th  Regiment,  in  which  he  served  dur- 
ing the  whole  of  Gen.  Budl's  campaign  to  I^ashville,  Shiloh, 
East  Tennessee,  the  great  retreat  to  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  the 
pursuit  of  Bragg.  In  October,  1862,  he  was  appointed  by  Gov. 
Morton  colonel  of  the  69tli  Regiment.  With  his  command 
he  joined  Sherman's  army  at  Memphis,  and  participated  in 
the  failure  to  capture  Vicksburg  in  Dec,  1862,  and  in  the 
capture  of  Arkansas  Post  in  Jan.,  1863.  He  was  engaged  in 
all  the  movements  and  battles  which  resulted  in  the  capture 
of  Vicksburg,  in  July,  1863 ;  was  in  command  of  a  brigade 
in  the  Tesche  and  Red  River  campaigns  under  Banks,  and 
served  in  that  capacity  until  detailed  by  the  War  Depart- 
ment in  Sept.,  1864,  as  a  member  of  the  military  commission 
which  tried  and  convicted  the  notorious  conspirators  Bowles, 
Milligan,  and  Horsey.  At  the  election  of  1864,  he  was 
elected  a  senator  from  Union  and  Fayette  counties,  a  position 
which  he  had  held  for  two  years  before  the  war,  and  took  a 
leading  part  in  that  body.  Since  1856  he  has  been  actively 
engaged  in  politics,  making  public  speeches  in  successive 
campaigns  in  most  of  the  counties  of  the  state.  After  the 
close  of  the  war,  and  his  term  in  the  senate,  he  made  a  tour 
of  Europe,  and  returning,  he  moved  to  Richmond  in  Aug., 
1868,  and  in  the  spring  of  1869  was  elected  Mayor  of  that 
city,  serving  until  May,  1871,  when  he  resumed  the  practice 
of  the  law.  In  1871,  he  was  appointed  by  President  Grant 
Governor  of  Idaho  Territory. 

William  Blancuard  was  born  in  Brookfield,  Mass.,  Oct- 
1,  1800.  In  1826  he  was  married  to  Isabella  F.  Foster,  who 
was  born  in  AVorcester,  Mass.  He  removed  the  same  year  to 
Rhinebeck,N.  Y.,  and  in  1835  to  Richmond,  where,  in  connec- 
tion with  his  brother,  Albert  C.  Blanchard,  he  commenced  the 


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CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  413 

mercantile  business,  in  which  he  continued  until  about  the 
year  1859.  He  has  been  for  many  years  a  notary  public  and 
an  insurance  agent;  and  he  has  been  an  elder  in  the  Presby- 
terian Church  from  its  organization  to  the  present  time.  Ilis 
children  were  Fatima  Catharine,  Wm.  A.,  Jane  Eliza,  ^Vfary 
I.,  and  Emma.  Fatima  C.  married  W.  J.  Culton,  and  resides 
in  Chicago.  TVm.  A.  married  Elmira  Bailey,  of  Cincinnati ; 
resides  near  that  city,  and  is  in  the  commission  business.  Jane 
E.  married  Dr.  Harrington,  of  Richmond,  who  died  and  left 
two  daughters.  Mary  I.  married  George  H.  Grant;  they  re- 
side in  Eichmond.  Emma  married  Frank  Vanuxcm,  of  the 
firm  of  Leeds  &  Co.,  hardware  merchants  in  Richmond. 

Lewis  Burk  was  born  near  Lexington,  Ky.,  March  23, 1799. 
He  removed  early  to  this  state  with  his  father,  who  settled 
about  a  mile  and  a  half  south  from  where  Richmond  now  is. 
He  worked  on  the  farm  a  few  years,  and  went  back  to  Ken- 
tucky to  learn  the  blacksmith's  trade,  and  returned  after  three 
years.  His  trade  not  furnishing  him  constant  employment,  he 
took  up  that  of  stone-mason,  working  alternately  at  each.  He 
received  in  those  days  of  low  wages  only  §8  a  mouth  as  a 
journeyman  blacksmith,  and  50  cents  a  day  for  laying  stone, 
where,  in  later  days,  he  received  §2.50  a  day  at  his  regular 
trade.  In  1831,  he  built,  and  for  several  years  kept,  the  tavern- 
house  which  he  sold  to  the  late  Daniel  D.  Sloan,  at  present  the 
property  of  A.  M.  Miller,  on  Main  street.  From  about  the 
year  1832,  he  was  for  about  ten  years  a  stage  proprietor,  and 
for  several  years  a  dealer  in  horses.  In  1840,  he  was  elected  a 
representative  to  the  legislature,  and  afterward  to  the  senate. 
In  1852,  he  commenced  the  banking  business  as  an  individual 
banker.  He  continued  this  business  until  after  the  passage  of 
the  national  banking  law,  when  he  sold  his  banking  house  and 
appurtenances  to  James  E.  Reeves.  Mr.  Burk  was  married  to 
Maria  Moffitt,  November  27,  1823.  They  had  five  children,  of 
whom  only  one,  Mary  Jane,  lived  beyond  the  period  of  child- 
hood. She  is  the  wife  of  Isaac  II.  Richards,  merchant,  now 
residing  at  Springfield,  Missouri. 

Elijah  Coffin,  son  of  Bethuel  and  Hannah  (Dicks)  Cofiin, 
was  born  in  New  Garden,  Guilford  Co.,  N.  C,  Nov.  17, 1798. 
He  was  married,  Feb.  2, 1820,  to  Naomi  Iliatt,  and  settled  on 


414  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

a  farm  in  ISTew  Garden.  In  1824,  lie  removed,  with  his  wife 
and  three  children,  to  this  county,  near  Milton,  and  engaged 
in  school-keeping  in  that  town ;  a  business  in  which  he  had 
been  employed  at  times,  in  his  native  state,  before  and  after 
his  marriage.  In  1829,  he  commenced  the  mercantile  busi- 
ness at  Milton,  and  continued  it  there  about  four  years.     In 

1833,  having  received  a  liberal  offer  from  Griffin  &  Luckey, 
wholesale  merchants  in  Cincinnati,  he  engaged  as  clerk  in 
their  store,  and  removed  to  that  city.  He  remained  there 
about  a  year  and  a  half,  when  the  branch  of  the  State  Bank  of 
Indiana  having  been  located  at  Richmond,  he  was  chosen  as 
its  cashier,  a  position  for  which  he  had,  in  a  great  measure, 
been  Utted  by  his  mercantile  experience  ;  and  in  November, 

1834,  he  removed  to  Richmond.  The  branch  bank  com- 
menced business  Dec.  1,  1834,  and  closed  at  the  expiration  of 
the  term  of  its  charter,  Jan.  1,  1859,  after  a  successful,  pros- 
perous management  of  more  than  twenty-four  years,  during 
which  period  he  was  its  only  cashier. 

At  the  final  meeting  of  the  board  of  directors,  Dec.  24, 
1858,  the  following  resolution  was  offered  by  Robert  Morris- 
son  and  adopted : 

'•'■It  is  unanimously  resolved,  That  in  consideration  of  the 
able  and  faithful  services  of  Elijah  Coffin,  as  cashier  of  this 
branch,  from  its  first  organization  to  its  close,  and  the  fidel- 
ity and  promptitude  with  which  he  has  discharged  the  various 
and  important  duties  confided  to  his  care,  the  board  embrace 
the  opportunity  to  express  upon  our  minutes  the  high  sense 
entertained  of  his  official  services  and  private  worth." 

He  now  gave  up  secular  business.  His  religious  activities, 
however,  were  unabated.  His  energies  were  thenceforth  di- 
rected to  the  promotion  of  the  interests  of  the  church.  Al- 
though he  ever  sympathized  with  evangelical  Christians  of 
other  denominations,  he  was  peculiarly  attached  to  the  society 
in  which  he  had  been  trained  ;  and  hence,  to  the  various  insti- 
tutions and  instrumentalities  of  its  own  appointment,  he  con- 
tributed largely  by  his  personal  eftbrts  and  pecuniary  means. 
He  was  at  an  early  age  clerk  of  the  yearly  meeting  of 
Friends  in  North  Carolina;  and,  in  1827,  was  appointed  clerk 
of  Indiana  yearly  meeting.     Not  only  was  he  a  prompt  and 


CITY    OF    lUCIIMOND.  415 

faithful  attendant  at  the  various  meetings  in  his  own  state, 
but  he  attended  yearly  meetings  in  many  of  the  states.  He 
was  also  a  friend  and  patron  of  education,  of  First-day  or 
Sabbath-schools,  of  associations  to  promote  the  circulation  of 
religious  tracts  and  the  diil'usion  and  reading  of  the  Holy  Scrip- 
tures ;  and  he  had,  many  years  before  his  death,  constituted 
himself  a  life  member  of  the  American  Bible  Society.  He 
died  Jan.  22,  1862.  His  wife  died  June  14,  18G6,  aged  68 
years. 

Elijah  and  jSTaomi  Coffin  had  seven  children  :  1.  3Iirior/i  A., 
who  married  Wm.  A.  Rambo,  and  had  three  children,  Ed- 
ward B.,  l^aomi  C,  and  Francis  11.  After  the  death  of  her 
husband  she  married  Hugh  Maxwell.  2.  Charles  F.,  who 
married  Rhoda  M.  Johnson.  Their  children  arc  Elijah, 
Charles  11. ,  Francis  A.,  Wm.  E.,  and  Percival.  Mr.  C.  has 
been,  during  a  great  portion  of  his  life,  in  the  banking  busi- 
ness in  Richmond.  He  was  one  of  the  original  proprietors 
of  the  Citizens'  Bank,  established  in  1853,  and  cashier  of  the 
Richmond  Branch  of  the  "Bank  of  the  State"  during  its 
existence;  and  has  been  president  of  the  Richmond  JN'ational 
Bank  from  its  commencement  to  the  present  time.  3.  Will- 
iam H.,  who  married  Sarah  AYilson,  whose  children  are  John 
W.,  William  II.,  Albert,  Robert,  Frank.  4.  Miphald,  who 
died  at  the  age  of  three  years.  5.  Caroline  E.,  wife  of  Wm. 
H.  Ladd,  Brooklyn,  'N.  Y.  6.  3Iary  C,  wife  of  Eli  Johnson, 
Chicago.  7.  Hannah,  who  married  Mordecai  Morris  White, 
merchant,  in  Cincinnati. 

Jeremiah  Cox  was  born  in  Randolph  Co.,  1^.  C. ;  married 
Margery  Picket,  and  in  1806  removed  with  his  family  to  this 
county,  and  settled  where  Richmond  now  is.  His  settlement 
here  and  his  connection  with  the  early  history  of  the  city, 
have  been  already  noticed.  His  farm  embraced  nearly  all  of 
the  present  city  north  of  Main  street.  He  was  in  1816  a 
member  of  the  Convention  which  formed  the  first  constitu- 
tion of  the  state.  In  1826,  he  sold  liis  farm  to  Charles  AV. 
Starr,  and  removed  to  Randolph  Co.,  5  miles  from  Winches- 
ter, where  he  resided  until  his  death.  He  was  married  three 
times,  and  had  sixteen  children.  By  his  first  wife  he  had 
seven  daughters  and  one  son,  Jeremiah.    The  eldest  daughter, 


416  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Elizabeth,  married  Charles  Moffitt,  father  of  Hugh  Moffitt. 
By  his  second  wife,  Jemima  Rhodes,  he  had  a  son.  For  his 
third  wife  he  married  Catharine  Morrissou,  sister  of  Robert 
Morrisson,and  had  by  her  six  sons  and  one  daughter.  Of  all 
the  children  only  Jeremiah  remains  in  the  township. 

Daniel  B.  Crawford  was  born  in  Harford  Co.,  Md.,  ISTov. 
10,  1807,  and  at  the  age  of  7,  removed  with  his  mother's 
family  to  Baltimore ;  and  thence  he  came,'in  1835,  to  "VYayne 
township,  2J  miles  north  of  Richmond.  Although  he  settled 
on  a  new  farm,  and  had  some  experience  of  life  in  the  woods, 
his  first  dwelling  was  a  frame  house,  something  rarely  seen 
in  a  forest.  In  1850,  Mr.  Crawford  commenced  the  mercan- 
tile business  in  Richmond,  in  which  he  is  still  engaged.  He 
was  in  1849  elected  a  county  commissioner,  which  office  he 
has  held,  with  the  exception  of  6  years,  until  the  year  1870. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  Pearl  Street  Methodist  Episcopal 
Church,  and  has  at  intervals  been  the  superintendent  of  its 
Sabbath-school  for  more  than  twenty  years.  He  was  married 
ill  Baltimore  to  Agnes  Corrie.  They  had  9  children  :  Daniel 
J.,  who  married  Mary,  daughter  of  Frederick  Hoover,  and 
died  on  the  farm.  May  7,  1870.  Elijah  J. ;  died  at  5.  Mary 
F.,  wife  of  Joseph  C.  Ratlitf,  and  lives  in  Center  township. 
John  Y.,  who  married  Ella  Mitchell,  daughter  of  Thomas  C. 
Mitchell,  merchant,  Fifth  street.  Sarah  R.,  who  married 
Frederick  Cramer,  of  Ohio,  now  a  merchant  in  Philadelphia. 
Charles  "W. ;  died  at  5.  Agnes  S.,  who  married  James  Will- 
iams, and  resides  on  Fifth  street,  Richmond.  Elizabeth  A. 
W.,  who  married  J.  O.  Voorhies,  merchant,  Keokuk,  Iowa. 
Robert ;  died  in  infancy. 

Benjamin  W.  Davis  was  born  in  Franklin,  "Warren  Co., 
0.,  Sept.  3,  1815.  He  came  to  Richmond,  May  4,  1834,  and 
worked  as  a  journeyman  printer  one  year  for  Finley  &  Hollo- 
way.  He  then  engaged  to  print  the  Richmond  Palladium 
for  John  Finley,  one  year;  and  after  the  expiration  of  that 
term  [in  1836],  himself  and  David  P.  Holloway  purchased  the 
Palladimn,  the  publication  of  which,  under  the  firm  of  Hol- 
loway &  Davis,  has  been  continued  to  the  present  time.  Mr. 
Davis  was  chosen  city  clerk,  which  office  he  held  from  1848 


1^7$^^^^-^^', 


CITY    OP    RICHMOND.  417 

until  1859,  a  period  of  11  years.    He  married  Elizabeth  Flcm- 
ing,  a  daughter  of  David,  son  of  Judge  Peter  Fleming. 

John  Finley  was  horn  in  Eockbridge  count}^,  Virginia, 
January  11,  1797.  After  acquiring  a  knowledge  of  the  rudi- 
ments of  an  English  education  at  a  country  school,  he  was 
apprenticed  to  the  tanner's  business ;  and  on  the  completion 
of  his  term  of  service,  he  emigrated  to  Indiana,  in  1821. 
Soon  after  his  arrival  in  Richmond  he  undertook,  for  a  term 
of  years,  the  management  of  John  Smith's  tannery;  but  after 
conducting  it  for  a  single  season,  he  abandoned  it.  In  1826, 
he  was  married  to  Rachel  H.  Knott,  of  Yellow  Springs,  Ohio, 
who  lived  but  a  few  months  after  marriage.  In  1830,  he  was 
married  to  Julia  Hanson,  of  Indianapolis.  In  1831,  he  as- 
sumed the  editorial  management  of  the  Richmond  Palladium, 
in  which  position  he  continued  for  three  years.  He  was  for 
three  years  a  member  of  the  state  legislature,  and  for  three 
years  enrolling  clerk  of  the  senate.  In  March,  1837,  he  was 
elected  clerk  of  the  courts  of  Wayne  county  for  the  term  of 
seven  years.  In  January,  1852,  he  was  elected  ma^'or  of  the 
city  of  Richmond,  and  Avas  continued  in  that  office  by  annual 
re-elections  to  the  time  of  his  death,  December  23,  1866.  He 
was  buried  in  Maple  Grove  Cemetery,  east  of  the  cit}',  in 
the  presence  of  a  large  concourse  of  citizens  and  members 
of  the  masonic  order,  and  the  officers  of  the  city  govern- 
ment. Mr.  Finley  had,  by  his  first  marriage,  a  son,  William 
K. ;  by  the  second,  Sarah  A.,  Julia  H.,  Mary  F.,  and  John 
H.  Sarah  A.  was  married  to  Benjamin  P.  Wrigley,  who  is 
deceased,  and  has  two  sons,  Roy  F.  and  Luke  II.  She  has 
been  for  seven  years,  and  is  still,  librarian  of  the  Morrisson 
Library.  Mary  F.  married  Aaron  W.  Hibberd,  and  resides 
in  Richmond.  John  II.  enlisted  earl}^  in  the  late  war,  in  the 
Sixteenth  Indiana  Regiment;  was  promoted  to  2d  lieutenant, 
and  soon  after  appointed  adjutant  of  the  regiment.  After  the 
expiration  of  the  term  of  his  enlistment  he  raised,  in  ,1862,  a 
company  for  the  Sixty-seventh  Regiment,  and  was  commis- 
sioned captain;  and  in  1863,  was  made  major.  While  charg- 
ing upon  the  Rebel  works  at  Vicksburg,  he  received  a  mortal 
wound,  and  died  Aug.  26,  1863.  He  was  an  estimable  young 
29 


418  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

man,  and  possessed  of  qualities  wliich  endeared  him  to  his 
fellow-soldiers  and  companions. 

"William  "W.  Foulke,  son  of  Anthony  Foulke,  came  when 
a  boy  from  Pennsylvania  with  his  father,  who  settled  2  miles 
north  from  Richmond.  With  a  tolerable  school  education  he 
commenced  business  as  a  blacksmith.  A  friend  of  literary 
and  other  associations,  he  took  an  active  part  in  the  discus- 
sions of  debating  clubs  and  in  the  promotion  of  the  temper- 
ance cause.  A  few  years  since  he  was  elected  as  a  representa- 
tive of  the  county  in  the  legislature.  He  has  for  many  years 
been  engaged  in  the  iron  and  heavy  hardware  trade  on  Noble 
street,  near  the  railroad  depot,  and  resides  a  short  distance 
outside  and  north  of  the  city,  near  the  oil-mill.  He  was  mar- 
ried, in  1854,  to  Mary  E.,  a  daughter  of  Thomas  Newman, 
and  has  two  children,  Elizabeth  Ellen  and  Harriet  Emma, 

Jonas  Gaar,  son  of  Abram  Gaar,  was  born  in  Virginia,  and 
removed  to  this  county  with  his  father.  In  1820,  he  settled 
in  the  new  town  of  Richmond  and  worked  many  years  at  his 
trade,  that  of  a  cabinet-maker.  In  1835,  he  joined  with 
Achilles  Williams  and  others  in  establishing  a  foundry  and 
machine  manufactory,  which  was  continued  two  or  three  years. 
This  enterprise  proved  a  disastrous  failure  to  those  engaged 
in  it.  In  1849,  in  connection  with  his  sons  Abram  and 
John  M.,  and  Wm.  G.  Scott,  a  son-in-law,  he  bought  of 
Jesse  M.  and  John  H.  Hutton  their  Thresher  Manufactory, 
which  has  grown  to  the  extensive  establishment  known  as 
the  "  Spring  Foundry,"  but  at  present  styled  "  Garr  Machine 
Works.''  [See  Richmond  Manufactures.]  This  firm  has 
been  continued  without  change  of  name  until  the  present 
time.  Jonas  Garr  was  born  Feb.  1,  1792,  in  Madison.  Co., 
Va.,  and  was  married,  Nov.  12,  1818,  to  Sarah  Watson,  who 
was  born  May  2,  1793.  They  had  eight  children,  all  born  in 
"Wayne  county.  1.  Abram,  who  was  born  Nov.  14,  1819, 
and  was  married  March  26,  1851,  to  Agnes  Adams,  who  was 
born  May  2, 1831.  2.  Malinda,  born  Nov.  11,  1821 ;  married 
June  3, 1847,  to  Wm.  G.  Scott,  who  was  born  in  Rockingham 
Co.,  Va.,  Nov.  17, 1824.  Malinda  died  April  6, 1848.  3.  John 
Milton,  born  May  26, 1823 ;  married  Jan.  20, 1848,  to  Hannah 
Ann  Rattray,  who  died  June  6,  1849.    He  married,  a  second 


<^^<^^^        ^CLCLl^^: 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  419 

time,  Sept.  16,  1856,  Helen  M.  Rattray,  bcrn  March  2, 
1840.  4.  Samuel  Watson,  born  Oct.  22,  1824;  married,  Oct. 
19,  1S65,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Townsend,  born  Dec.  6,  1832,  in 
Preble  Co.,  O.  5.  Fielding,  born  Jan.  21,  1827;  married, 
Nov.  30,  1865,  Mary  J.  Gallagher,  born  at  Michigan  City, 
March  1,1847.  6.  Emeline,  born  June  16,  1829;  married, 
June  13,  1854,  Horatio  IST.  Lamb,  born  at  Cooperstown,  N. 
Y.,  Jnne  14,1832.  7.  Elizabetb,  born  July  27,  1831;  mar- 
ried, March  27,  1851,  Thomas  Campbell,  born  in  Center  Co., 
Penn.,  Jan.  13,  1817.  8.  Fannie  Ann,  born  Oct.  5,  1833; 
married,  March  19,  1857,  Oliver  Jones,  born  in  Pichmond, 
Oct.  6,  1832.     Sarah,  wife  of  Jonas  Gaar,  died  'Nov.  8,  1863. 

It  is  somewhat  remarkable  that  of  the  eight  children  of 
Jonas  Garr,  all  are  living  in  Pichmond,  except  Malinda,  de- 
ceased, and  that  none  of  them  has  ever  lived  out  of  the 
county.  And  further,  that  Abraham  Gaar,  father  of  Jonas, 
also  had  eight  children,  all  of  whom  but  one  are  still  living. 

[In  the  sketch  of  the  family  of  Abraham  Gaar,  in  Boston, 
his  daughter  Posa,  widow  Ingels,  is  said  to  reside  with  her 
son  at  Milton.  She  still  resides  in  Fayette  Co.,  where  her 
husband  died.] 

Jason  Ham  was  born  in  jSTorth  Carolina,  April  8,  1811, 
and  came  to  Pichmond  in  1819,  Avith  his  father,  Hezekiah 
Ham,  who  hired,  for  one  year,  the  farm  of  Jeremiah  Cox ; 
then  bought  the  farm  now  or  lately  owned  by  Charles  Price, 
two  miles  south  of  Pichmond.  After  about  ten  years  he  sold 
this  farm  to  Alexander  Grimes,  and  bought  of  Thomas 
Cuppy,  in  the  township  of  Boston,  the  farm  now  owned  by 
Joseph  M.  and  Wm.  Bulla,  where  he  died,  Oct.  10,  1832, 
aged  nearly  64  years,  having  been  born  Nov.  15, 1768.  Jason, 
then  about  19  years  of  age,  took  charge  of  the  farm,  and 
taught  school  in  the  winter.  In  1840,  he  was  appointed  col- 
lector of  the  taxes  for  that  year.  In  1841,  he  was  elected 
county  treasurer  for  three  years,  and  removed  to  Centerville. 
After  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  office,  he  went  into  the 
mercantile  business  at  Centerville,  and  continued  in  it  until 
1850,  having  during  this  time  taken  the  contracts  for  building 
the  offices  of  the  county  clerk,  treasurer,  auditor,  and 
recorder,  and  of  the  county  poor-house.    In  1850,  he  removed 


420  HISTORY   OF   -WAYNE    COUNTY. 

to  Kiclimond,  and  commenced  trade  on  the  corner  of  Main 
and  Pearl  streets,  where  the  post-ofhce  no\^  is,  where  he 
continued  in  business  most  of  the  time  for  about  ten  years, 
having  become  owner  of  the  property,  since  known  as  Ham's 
corner,  of  which  he  is  still  the  owner.  In  1860,  he  opened  a 
store  at  Indianapolis  ;  and  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  war, 
sold  out  and  returned  to  Richmond.  Shortly  after  he  was 
appointed  by  Gov.  Morton  military  agent  for  the  state  of  In- 
diana, at  Louisville,  K}".,  which  ofiice  he  held  until  the  war 
closed.  In  1845,  he  married  Elizabeth  Woods,  sister  of  Rev. 
Le  Roy  Woods.  They  have  a  son,  Benjamin  F.  Ham,  a  law- 
yer, at  Little  Rock,  Arkansas. 

Eleazar  IIiatt  was  born  in  Guilford  Co.,  j^.  C,  February 
10, 1783,  He  removed  from  Carolina  about  the  year  1815, 
and  after  a  residence  of  a  few  years  in  Ohio  came  to  Rich- 
mond in  the  winter  of  1818-19,  and  established  a  pottery,  the 
first,  probably,  in  the  county.  He  was  an  early  justice  of  the 
peace,  and  in  1825  a  member  of  the  legislature.  After  a 
residence  of  several  years  east  of  Richmond,  he  removed  to 
ISTewport,  and  engaged  in  the  mercantile  busines,  about  the 
year  1828.  (?)  About  1838,  he  removed  to  a  farm  he  had 
bought  near  Washington,  in  Clay  township;  thence  to  Ches- 
ter. He  married,  for  his  first  wife,  Anna  Williams,  from  N. 
C.  Their  children  were :  1.  Eliza,  who  married  Jesse  Rey- 
nolds, who  died  of  a  cancer  on  the  tongue.  She  married,  sec- 
ond, Samuel  Hadley,  and  lives  in  Morganville,  Ind.  2.  Jesse, 
formerly  merchant  in  Milton,  now  in  Dublin.  [See  sketch, 
Washington  township.]  8.  Daniel  W.,  son  of  Eleazar  IIiatt, 
married,  first,  Melinda  Mendenhall,and  lives  in  Perry;  second, 
Gulielma  Sanders,  of  Ohio.  4.  Anna  Maria,  who  married 
Isaac  Yotaw,  of  New  Garden. 

James  Farquhar  Hibberd,  M.  D.,  was  born  in  Frederick  Co., 
Md.,  jS"ov.  4,  1816,  and  removed  with  his  parents  to  Spring- 
boro',  Warren  Co.,  O.,  in  1825;  but,  in  1826,  recrossed  the 
Alleghanies,  and  lived  with  the  family  of  his  uncle,  Aaron 
Hibberd,  near  Martinsburg,  Va.  Here  he  remained  until 
1837,  when  he  returned  to  Springboro'  and  studied  medicine 
with  Dr.  A.  Wright.  In  the  winter  of  1839-40  he  attended 
the   medical   department   of  Yale  College,  and  began  the 


^Jy^  A^:'££-t^^^^. 


^ 


CITY   OF    RICHMOND.  421 

practice  of  medicine  in  Salem,  Montgomery  Co.,  O.,  in  the 
summer  of  1840-.  Dr.  Ilibberd  was  a  member  of  the  legisla- 
ture of  Ohio  for  the  sessions  of  1845-6  and  184G-7.  The 
winter  of  1848-9  was  *  spent  in  'New  York  city,  where  he 
graduated  in  the  spring  of  1849,  and  immediately  accepted 
the  surgeoncy  of  the  steamer  Senator,  which  went  to  Cali- 
fornia in  a  vo^'age  of  seven  and  a  half  months,  touching  at 
the  principal  South  American  ports  on  both  the  Atlantic  and 
Pacific  oceans.  He  traveled  largely  over  California,  and  re- 
turned to  the  "  States  "  in  1855,  having  meanwhile  made  a 
short  visit  there  in  1853.  After  a  few  months  in  Dayton,  O., 
he  settled  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  Richmond,  In- 
diana, in  October,  1856,  and  has  there  continued  since.  In 
1860,  he  was  appointed  Professor  of  Physiology  and  General 
Pathology  in  the  Medical  College  of  Ohio,  in  Cincinnati,  but 
resigned  after  one  session's  service.  In  the  spring  of  1869, 
Dr.  II.  visited  New  Orleans,  and  went  thence  to  New  York, 
where  he  embarked  for  the  Old  World,  and  spent  a  year  in 
traveling  over  Europe,  Asia  Minor,  Palestine,  Egypt,  &c.  In 
the  spring  of  1871,  he  again  made  a  trip  to  California,  visiting 
most  of  the  noted  national  wonders  of  that  interesting  state. 
Dr.  II.  is,  and  has  long  been,  an  active  member  of  the  county, 
state,  and  national  medical  societies. 

David  P.  IIoLLOWAYwas  born  at  Waynesville,  O.,  December 
6,  1809.  In  1813,  his  father  removed  witli  his  family  to  Cin- 
cinnati, where  they  resided  until  1823,  when  they  came  to 
Wayne  township,  and  settled  on  the  farm  now  owned  by 
John  S.  Brown,  four  miles  east  from  Richmond.  Two  or 
three  years  after,  Mr.  Ilolloway  removed  to  Riclimond  and 
engaged  in  the  mercantile  business.  Here  his  son,  David  P., 
at  the  age  of  aboat  fifteen,  commenced  his  apprenticeship  at 
the  printer's  trade  with  Edmund  S.  Buxton,  publisher  of  the 
Public  Ledger,  and  afterward  served  in  the  Gazette  office  at 
Cincinnati.  His  connection  with  the  newspaper  press  com- 
menced about  the  year  1833,  as  conductor  of  the  Birhmond 
Palladium,  with  which  his  name  has  since  been  connected, 
with  perhaps  a  brief  interval  of  one  or  two  years,  imtil  the 
present  time,  tjiough  his  business  has,  for  the  last  ten  years, 
been  in  the  city  of  Washington.     In  1843,  he  was  elected  as 


422  HISTORY  OF  WAYNE   COUNTY. 

a  representative  in  the  state  legislature,  and  the  next  year  as 
senator,  which  office  he  held  for  six  years.  In  1849,  he  was 
appointed  by  President  Taylor  examiner  of  land  offices.  In 
1854,  he  was  elected  a  representative  in  Congress  ;  and  in 
1861,  he  was  appointed  by  President  Lincoln  commissioner  of 
j)ateuts,  which  office  he  resigned  in  1865.  Though  not  a 
practical  farmer,  he  has  done  much  for  the  improvement  of 
agriculture  by  personal  efforts,  both  in  the  county  and  in  the 
state  legislature.  [See  Agricultural  Societies,  pages  111-12.] 
He  is  now  a  partner  of  the  firm  of  Holloway,  Mason  &  Blan- 
chard,  attorneys  in  patent  cases,  in  Washington.  Mr.  Hol- 
loway was  married,  ISTov.  13, 1834,  to  Jane  Ann  Paulson,  who 
died  Dec.  8,  1864,  aged  52  years.  Their  children  were  John 
Marshall,  who  married  Rebecca  Gossage,  and  resides  at  In- 
dianapolis; William  R.,  who  married  Eliza  Burbank,  and  is 
postmaster  at  Indianapolis  ;  Dayton,  who  died  in  1858 ;  Henry 
Clay,  who  married  Emma  Jones,  and  resides  at  Indianapolis; 
Allen  T. ;  Charles  P. ;  Sarah ;  and  Mary  Ann. 

Jeremiah  Hubbard  was  born  in  Virginia,  Feb.  13, 1777,  and 
brought  up  in  Person  Co.,  N".  C.  He  became,  while  a  youth, 
a  member  of  the  society  of  Friends.  He  was  in  early  life  a 
school  teacher.  Later  in  life  he  devoted  himself  to  the  work 
of  the  ministry,  traveling  in  many  of  the  states.  In  1837,  he 
came  to  the  West,  and  finally  settled  in  Eichmond.  In  a 
memorial  published  by  the  Whitewater  Monthly  Meeting,  he 
is  represented  as  having  evinced  a  "  deep  regard  for  the  Holy 
Scriptures,"  and  having,  in  his  preaching,  dwelt  much  upon 
the  prominent  doctrines  of  the  gospel,  and  the  "  necessity  of 
sincere  and  living  faith."  He  died  in  the  neigliborhood  of 
ITewport,  at  the  house  of  his  son-in-law,  Zeri  Hough,  ISTov. 
23,  1849. 

John  S.  Lyle,  from  Rockbridge  Co.,  Virginia,  came  to 
Richmond  in  1823,  with  his  father,  David  Lyle,  who  was  a 
brick  and  stone  mason,  and  who  subsequently  removed  to 
Randolph  Co.,  where  he  died  in  1848.  John,  his  eldest  son, 
resides  in  Richmond.  In  1837,  he  commenced  an  apprentice- 
ship in  the  printing  business  with  Holloway  and  Davis,  and 
worked  at  this  trade  twelve  years.  In  1855,  he  was  elected 
justice  of  the  peace  for  the  term  of  four  years,  and  re-elected 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  "'  423 

for  a  second  term.  Before  the  expiration  of  liis  second  term, 
the  war  broke  out,  and  he  assisted  in  raising;  Co.  13.  of  the 
5th  Indiana  cavahy,  of  which  he  was  chosen  captain.  In 
JSTovember,  1862,  he  was  promoted  to  senior  major  of  the 
regiment.  He  served  in  the  army  to  the  close  of  the  war. 
He  was  with  his  battalion  in  Kentucky,  within  twenty 
miles  of  the  rebel  Gen.  Morgan  when  he  crossed  the  Cumber- 
land river  on  his  famed  raid  through  Kentucky,  Indiana,  and 
Ohio,  and  followed  him  up  with  his  regiment  until  he  was 
taken  at  Butiington  Bar,  Ohio,  where  Morgan's  forces  were 
routed.  Major  Lyle  was  engaged  in  the  two  battles  of 
Blountsville,  and  the  battles  of  Knoxville,  Henderson's  Mills, 
Walker's  Ford,  Pulaski,  and  the  great  battle  of  Nashville. 
He  is  at  present  city  attorney  in  Richmond. 

James  E.  Mendenhall  was  born  in  Randolph  Co.,  X.  C, 
July  3,  1795.  While  yet  a  child,  his  parents  removed  to 
South  Carolina;  and  in  1816  to  the  vicinity  of  Richmond. 
About  a  year  afterward,  he  went  to  Vevay  to  study  medicine 
with  his  brother,  and  while  reading  there,  attended  one  course 
of  medical  lectures  in  Cincinnati.  In  1822,  he  returned  to 
Richmond  and  began  practice ;  and  after  over  a  year's  prac- 
tice, he  attended  a  course  of  lectures  in  the  medical  depart- 
ment of  Transylvania  University,  in  Lexington,  Kentucky, 
where  he  graduated  in  the  spring  of  1824,  and  returned  to 
Richmond,  being  the  iirst  physician  in  the  county  having  a 
diploma.  In  1830,  his  failing  health  unfitting  him  for  the 
arduous  labors  required  of  the  profession  in  those  early  times, 
he  removed  to  Liberty,  Union  Co.,  and  engaged  in  mercantile 
business.  He  represented  that  county  in  the  legislature  at 
the  session  of  1833-4.  In  1833,  he  returned  to  Richmond, 
and  engaged  in  milling.  He  was  a  stockholder  in  the  "  Rich- 
mond Manufacturing  Company,"  and  was  afterward  inter- 
ested in  the  old  Richmond  Foundry,  on  South  Green  street. 
After  the  failure  of  that  establishment,  he  took  control  of  the 
paper  mill,  in  1843,  and  continued  in  that  business  until  1854. 
After  that  time  he  was  engaged  in  various  mercantile  pur- 
suits to  the  time  of  his  death.  He  was  several  times  a  mem- 
ber of  the  town  council,  school  trustee,  a  member  of  the 
board  of  health,  and  in  1837  was  elected  first  burgess  of  the 


424  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

town.  He  was,  in  1840,  a  delegate  to  the  Ilarrisburg  conven- 
tion whicla  nominated  Gen.  Harrison  for  president.  He  was 
afterward  an  associate  judge.  Dr.  M.  was  one  of  the  first 
directors  of  the  Indiana  Central  Railroad,  and  was  the  first 
man  to  ride  over  the  railroad  bridge  at  Eichmond,  occupying 
a  seat  on  the  front  of  the  locomotive,  Avhich  bore  his  name. 
He  was  also  for  ten  years  president  of  the  Fort  Wayne  and 
Eichmond  Railroad  Company,  and  retired  from  that  position 
in  1866.  He  joined  the  Masonic  fraternity  while  residing  at 
Vevay,  and  was  made  a  Eoyal  Arch  Mason  and  Sir  Knight 
while  at  the  University  in  Kentucky ;  and  was  one  of  the 
applicants  for  the  first  charter  granted  for  a  council  in  Indi- 
ana. He  died  February  18,  1870,  and  was  buried  with  the 
usual  masonic  ceremonies,  conducted  by  the  Knights  Templar. 
Dr.  Mendenhall  was  married,  in  1824,  to  Lydia  Wright, 
daughter  of  John  Wright,  an  early  merchant  of  Eichmond. 
She  lived  but  a  few  months  after  her  marriage.  He  after- 
ward married  Sarah  T.  Williams,  a  daughter  of  Jesse  Will- 
iams, and  sister  of  Achilles  Williams,  of  this  city.  She  re- 
sides in  Eichmond. 

Egbert  Morrisson  was  born  October  19,  1786,  in  ISTorth 
Carolina,  w^hither  his  parents  had  emigrated  from  Chester 
Co.,  Pa.  He  married  Jane  Price,  and,  in  1810,  removed  to 
Wayne  Co.,  Indiana.  Having  made  no  purchase  of  land  be- 
fore his  arrival,  and  having,  consequently,  not  even  a  cabin 
of  his  own,  he  took  temporary  shelter  in  an  outhouse  made 
of  logs,  belonging  to  his  brother-in-law,  Jeremiah  Cox,  and 
not  designed  at  all  as  a  dwelling.  He  soon  settled  north  of 
Middleboro',  just  within  the  bounds  of  the  present  town- 
ship of  Franklin.  He  resided  there  a  few  years ;  but,  unable 
to  endure  the  hard  labor  of  clearing  a  new^  farm,  he  sold  his 
farm,  and,  with  a  few  hundred  dollars,  made  his  second  ad- 
vent in  the  place  where  he  spent  the  remainder  of  a  long 
life.  With  a  small  stock  of  goods,  he  commenced  the  mer- 
cantile business  on  the  corner  of  Main  and  North  Front 
streets.  His  name  is  intimately  associated  with  the  history 
of  Eichmond.  Being  one  of  its  earliest  merchants,  he  rode 
on  the  tide  of  its  growing  commerce,  and  with  his  frugality, 
prudence,  and  business  talent,  accumulated  a  large  estate, 
and  retired  from  mercantile  business  before  the  town  had  at- 


M 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND,  425 

tained  a  high  degree  of  commercial  importance.  When  bank- 
ing houses  were  established  in  Richmond,  he  invested 
largel}^  in  bank  stocks,  being  the  owner  of  one-third  of  the 
stock  in  the  Citizens'  Bank.  He  had  also  a  connection  with 
the  branches  of  the  State  Banks,  in  Richmond.  Tlioiigh 
rich,  he  was  a  friend  to  the  poor.  With  his  declining  years 
his  benevolence  seemed  to  increase.  A  portion  of  his  in- 
come went  to  the  relief  of  the  needy  and  suffering.  Ilis 
alms  being  unostentatiously  bestowed,  their  amount  was  not 
generally  known.  The  war  of  the  rebellion  opened  a  new 
field  for  the  exercise  of  Christian  philanthropy;  and  prob- 
ably no  man  in  Richmond  contributed  more  liberally  than  he. 
Being  a  life-long  member  of  the  society  of  Friends,  he  was 
careful  not  to  compromise  his  long-cherished  peace  prin- 
ciples. The  crowning  act  of  his  life  was  the  founding  of  a 
library,  at  a  cost  of  §20,000,  which  he  transferred  as  a  gift  to 
Wayne  township,  Richmond  included,  provision  having  been 
made  for  its  perpetuation.  It  is  placed  under  the  control  of 
a  library  committee,  and  kept  by  a  competent  lady  librarian. 
He  barely  lived  to  see  this  splendid  gift  executed  and  the  library 
building  completed.  A  life-size  portrait  painting  of  the  donor 
was  placed  in  the  public  reception  room  of  the  building,  and 
paid  for  by  contributions  of  citizens  Avithout  his  knowledge. 
The  former  township  library  has  been  merged  in  this, 
which  is  now  probably  the  largest  township  library  in  the 
state.  A  few  years  before  his  death  his  general  health  be- 
gan to  fail ;  and  he  was  prevented  from  mingling  with  his 
fellow-citizens,  and  from  meeting  with  his  friends  in  the 
house  of  worship.  In  the  latter  part  of  the  summer  of  1865, 
he  was  seized  with  violent  illness,  which  soon  terminated  his 
life.  He  died  Sept.  12,  1865,  aged  nearly  79  years.  A  large 
number  of  friends,  relatives,  and  citizens  followed  his  re- 
mains to  the  Friends'  Cemetery,  three  miles  east  from  Rich- 
mond.    His  wife  died  Aug.  17,  1849,  aged  nearly  63  years. 

Robert  Alorrisson  had  three  children  :  1.  Hannah,  who 
died  in  1828,  at  the  age  of  20,  just  after  her  return  from 
Westtown,  Pa.,  boarding-school.  2.  Jonathan,  who  died  in 
infancy.  3.  James  L.,  who  succeeded  to  the  estate  and  busi- 
ness of  his  father,  as  a  partner  in  the  banking  firm  of  Mor- 


426  BISTORT   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

risson,  Blanchard  &  Co.  He  lias  two  children:  Robert,  of 
the  firm  of  Plummer  &  Morrisson,  wholesale  druggists ;  and 
Elizabeth  Jane. 

Samuel  E.  Perkins  was  born  at  Brattleborough,  Yt.,  De- 
cember 6,  1811.  He  removed  with  his  father  to  Conway, 
Mass.,  where  he  resided  until  1834.  He  removed  to  Penn 
Yan,  Yates  Co.,  IST.  Y.,  and  studied  law  with  Henry  Welles, 
now  or  lately  a  judge  of  the  supreme  court  of  that  state,  and 
removed  to  Richmond,  and  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of 
law  in  1837.  He  was  subsequently  appointed  prosecuting  at- 
torney by  the  governor  of  the  state.  In  1844,  he  was-a  can- 
didate for  presidential  elector  on  the  Democratic  electoral 
ticket.  In  January,  1846,  he  was  appointed  by  Gov.  White- 
head judge  of  the  supreme  court;  was  reappointed,  and  held 
the  office  until  January,  1865.  In  18 — ,  he  removed  to  In- 
dianapolis. About  the  year  1859,  he  was  elected  Professor  of 
Law  in  the  Kortb -western  University  at  Indianapolis,  which 
oflice  he  held  about  six  years.  In  the  autumn  of  1870,  he 
was  chosen  Professor  of  Law  in  the  State  University  at 
Bloomington.  He  married,  in  Richmond,  Amanda  J.  Pyle, 
daughter  of  Joseph  Pyle.  They  had  nine  children,  only  two 
of  whom  are  living:  Amanda,  who  married  Oscar  B.  Hord; 
and  Samuel  E.,  now  a  partner  in  law.  Judge  Perkins  mar- 
ried a  second  wife,  Mrs.  Lavinia  M.  Wiggins,  a  sister  of  his 
former  wife,  by  whom  he  had  a  daughter,  Alma  Rosa,  now 
living. 

James  Perry  was  born  in  Madisonville,  Ohio,  January  19, 
1799.  He  removed,  when  about  five  years  of  age,  with  his 
father  to  Kentucky.  In  1823,  he  removed  to  Liberty,  Union 
Co.,  Ind. ;  and  was  admitted  to  the  practice  of  law  in  1824. 
In  1840,  he  was  elected  judge  of  the  judicial  district  com- 
posed of  the  counties  of  Union,  Fayette,  Rush,  Decatur, 
Henry,  and  Wayne.  At  the  expiration  of  the  term  of  his  oflice 
as  judge,  he  removed  to  Richmond,  where  he  still  continues 
the  practice  of  his  profession.  He  was  married  in  1824  to 
Elizabeth  Snow,  in  Union  county.  They  had  two  sons : 
Rufus,  who  was  born  in  1832,  and  drowned  at  Centerville,  at 
the  age  of  17  years ;  and  Oran,  noticed  below. 

Oran  Perry  was  born  at  Liberty,  Union  Co.,  Ind.,  Feb- 


'6il4y  J^^^r/Y. 


CITY    OP   RICHMOND.  427 

rnary  1,  1838,  and  removed  with  his  father  to  Hichmond  ia 
1844.  He  enlisted,  April  9,  1861,  in  Co.  B,  Sixteenth  Regi- 
ment Indiana  Volunteer  Infantry,  for  one  year;  was  ap- 
pointed sergeant-major  in  June ;  served  his  term,  and  was 
discharged.  He  was  commissioned  adjutant  of  the  Sixty- 
ninth  Regiment;  was  in  the  battle  of  Richmond,  Ky.,  where 
his  horse  was  shot  from  under  him,  and  he  was  wounded  in 
the  leg  and  captured;  was  paroled, and  afterward  exchanged. 
He  was  also  in  the  battles  of  Chickasaw  Bluff  and  Arkansas 
Post,  and  promoted  to  lieutenant-colonel.  He  was  afterward 
in  the  battles  of  Thompson's  Hill,  Champion  Hill,  Black 
River  Bridge,  Yicksburg,  Jackson,  Miss. ;  in  the  several  ex- 
peditions of  Teche  River,  Texas,  Red  River,  and  Pascagoula, 
and  the  assault  on  the  works  of  Fort  Blakely,  Alabama,  in 
the  last  of  which  he  received  a  severe  wound  in  the  head ; 
after  which  he  was  promoted  to  brevet  colonel,  having  com- 
manded the  regiment  more  than  two  years.  He  served  until 
July,  1865,  when  the  regiment  was  mustered  out  of  service. 
He  was  married  May  16,  1866,  to  Jennie  Poe,  daughter  of 
James  M.  Poe,  Esq.,  of  Richmond.  He  is  now  proprietor  of 
the  Richmond  Plow  "Works. 

Joseph  Pemberton  Plummer  was  born  in  Anne  Arundel 
Co.,  Md.,  Oct.  4,  1783.  He  married  Susanna  Husband,  who 
died,  leaving  four  children,  a  son  and  three  daughters.  In 
1819,  he  married  Lydia  Husband,  and  removed  with  his 
family  to  Cincinnati,  and  in  1823  to  Richmond.  He  built  a 
two-story  frame  dwelling,  with  store-room  attached,  on  the 
south-east  corner  of  Main  and  Front  streets,  and  engaged  in 
mercantile  business.  In  1824,  he  purchased  a  grist-mill,  and 
in  1825  he  built  an  addition  to  it  for  the  manufacture  of  oil 
from  castor  beans;  but  sold  all  in  1827,  and  confined  his  at- 
tention to  his  store.  In  1834,  he  purchased  and  moved  upon 
the  farm  now  owned  by  Mark  E.  Reeves.  Having  lost  his 
second  wife  by  death,  he  returned  to  town  to  live  with  his 
children,  two  of  whom,  John  T.  Plummer  and  Joanna  P. 
Laws,  were  then  living  here.  With  one  or  the  other  of  these 
he  resided  until  his  death,  Sept.  20,  1868.  He  was  an  active 
business  man,  a  good  citizen,  and  regardful  of  his  social  and 
domestic  duties.     He  refrained  almost  entirely  from  connec- 


428  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

tion  with  political  and  other  associations,  content  with  the 
influence  of  an  exemplary  life  upon  those  with  whom  he  had 
daily  intercourse.  He  was  for  many  years  an  honored  min- 
ister in  the  society  of  Friends,  and  an  active  member  until 
his  activities  were  impaired  by  his  bodily  infirmities,  which 
kept  him  at  home  during  the  last  two  years  of  his  life.  His 
children,  all  by  his  first  wife,  were :  1.  John  T.  [Sk.]  2. 
Mary  M.,  who  married  William  Owen,  and  is  deceased.  3. 
Joanna  P.,  who  married  John  M.  Laws,  an  early  watch- 
maker and  jeweler,  and  afterward  for  many  years  a  merchant 
in  Richmond.  4.  Sarah  C,  who  married  Wm.  Bancroft,  and 
died  in  Philadelphia  in  1856. 

John  Thomas  Plummer  was  born  in  Montgomery  county, 
Md.,  March  12,  1807,  and  removed  with  his  father  to  Cincin- 
nati in  1819,  and  thence,  in  1823,  to  Richmond,  where  he  re- 
sided until  his  death,  April  10,  1865.  He  commenced  the 
study  of  medicine  in  his  eighteenth  year,  and  graduated  from 
Yale  College  just  before  he  had  attained  his  majority.  As 
a  physician,  he  was  much  beloved  and  popular,  notwithstand- 
ing his  extreme  aversion  to  the  means  often  used  to  gain 
popularity.  He  continued  in  practice  until  within  a  short 
time  of  his  decease.  In  the  spring  of  1833,  he  was  married 
to  Hannah  Wright,  of  Springboro',  Warren  county,  Ohio, 
who  died  in  1836,  leaving  a  son.  In  the  fall  of  1837,  Dr. 
Plummer  married  for  his  second  wife,  Sarah  0.  Pierce,  of 
Portsmouth,  N.  H.,  who,  with  two  sons,  still  survives  him. 
Dr.  P.  early  became  a  close  and  successful  student.  An  in- 
timate friend  of  his,  himself  a  man  of  science,  wrote  of  him 
after  his  death,  as  follows: 

"He  obtained,  by  his  own  exertions,  a  good,  nay,  a  critical 
knowledge  of  the  English  language;  studied  Latin,  Greek, 
and  Hebrew  of  the  dead,  and  French  and  German  of  the 
living  languages,  and  acquired  some  knowledge  of  several 
others.  He  was  the  personal  friend  and  correspondent  of 
l!^oah  Webster,  and  assisted  him  with  some  western  words  in 
the  preparation  of  his  dictionary. 

"Dr.  Plummer's  acquirements  were  general  and  profound. 
Jle  was  a  naturalist,  not  a  mere  amateur  or  theorist,  but  an 
active   and  practical  one,  applying    his  knowledge   to    the 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  429 

investigations  of  liis  surroundings,  giving  whatever  was  new 
and  interesting  to  the  world  tlirough  the  scientific  periodicals, 
more  particularly  Silliman's  Journal,  between  the  editor  of 
which  and  himself  there  existed  a  warm  personal  friendship. 
His  cabinet  of  specimens  and  preparations  was  at  one  time 
large,  thoronghlv  classified,  and  of  especial  value  as  illustrat- 
ing the  several  departments  of  natural  science  as  they  were 
developed  in  his  immediate  neighborhood.  During  the  latter 
years  of  his  life,  his  impaired  health  unfitted  him  for  exer- 
cises of  this  kind;  and  he  distributed  his  collections  to 
schools  and  to  other  places  where  he  thought  them  likely  to 
do  most  good. 

"  While  all  branches  of  medical  science  received  liis  care- 
ful attention,  chemistry  and  pharmacy  ^vere  his  favorites. 
The  Journal  of  Pharmacy  will  testify  to  some  of  his  labors  in 
the  latter  direction;  and  as  a  chemist,  theoretical  and  prac- 
tical, not  only  as  chemistry  is  applied  to  medicine,  but  gener- 
ally, it  is  doubted  whether  he  had  a  superior  outside  of  those 
wdio  are  devoted  to  chemistry  as  a  special  profession." 

He  was  editor  of  the  Schoolmaster^  a  paper  published  by 
IIolloAvay  &  Davis  during  the  year  1839,  and  author  of  one  or 
two  Readers  for  Friends'  schools.  His  w^ritings  upon  agricul- 
tural, educational,  and  scientific  subjects,  other  than  that  of  his 
profession,  were  numerous,  and  inspired  by  a  desire  to  ad- 
vance the  interests  of  his  fellow-men.  Devoting  so  much  of 
his  time  to  his  profession  and  to  scientific  and  literary  studies, 
he  had  little  time  and  less  inclination  to  take  part  in  public 
business,  although  he  w^as  for  a  short  time  a  stockholder  in  the 
Riclimond  Gas  Light  and  Coke  Company,  and  its  first  presi- 
dent. Yf  hile  he  had  decided  view^s  on  political  questions,  and 
inculcated,  with  his  voice  and,  his  pen,  the  principles  of  hu- 
manity, temperance,  and  general  benevolence,  he  stood  aloof 
from  parties  and  organizations,  as  tending,  in  his  opinion,  to 
give  a  wrong  bias  to  the  convictions  and  actions  of  men.  And 
he  conscientiously  refused  to  participate  in  any  political  move- 
ments, or  cast  a  vote  for  any  candidate  who,  if  elected,  might 
be  required  to  use  force  in  the  discharge  of  his  otficiul  duties. 
We  quote  again  from  his  friend : 


430  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

"Born  into  the  society  of  Friends,  he  continued  a  con- 
sistent member  until  death.  "Without  being  a  slave  to  the  dis- 
cipline of  the  society  or  a  bigot  to  its  tenets,  he  held  his  duty 
to  his  Maker  and  his  fellow-man  through  its  organization 
paramount  to  all  other  duty.  His  Christian  life  was  not  an 
idle  one,  but  of  active  and  efficient  labor  in  whatever  capacity 
he  was  called  to  act.  Perhaps  no  man  among  the  Friends  was 
more  thoroughly  versed  in  a  knowledge  of  the  size,  the  prog- 
ress, and  the  principles  of  their  sect ;  and  it  was  all  brought 
into  use  to  advance  the  welfare  of  the  society  and  the  world. 
This  made  him  one  of  the  most  influential  members  of  the 
society.  Nor  was  his  Christianity  confined  to  the  church  and 
its  associations;  but  all  his  acts  were  performed  as  his  con- 
victions of  Christian  duty  dictated. 

"His  opposition  to  public  show  or  exhibition  of  any  kind 
was  carried  almost,  if  not  quite,  to  eccentricity ;  and  this  senti- 
ment was,  doubtless,  combined  with  others,  the  cause  of  his 
several  times  declining  tendered  professorships  in  medical 
schools,  and  leading  positions  in  other  educational  institutions, 
as  well  as  of  deterring  him  from  uniting  with  or  attending  formal 
medical  organizations  that  held  public  meetings." 

It  is  proper  to  add,  that  Dr.  Plummer  rendered  a  valuable 
service  to  the  public  by  the  writing  and  publishing  of  "  A 
Historical  Sketch,"  in  connection  with  his  "  Directory  to  the 
City  of  Richmond,"  which  appeared  in  1857.  The  timely  pub- 
lication of  this  little  book  has  rescued  from  oblivion  many 
interesting  facts  and  reminiscences  of  early  times,  which  can 
not  now  be  obtained  from  any  other  source.  John  T.  Plum- 
mer had  five  children :  By  his  first  wife,  Jonathan  W.,  of  the 
firm  of  Plummer  &  Morrisson,  wholesale  druggists,  Richmond. 
By  his  second  wife :  Charles  P.,  still  living ;  Joseph  P.,  who 
died  of  cholera  in  1849  at  the  age  of  9  years ;  Wm.  S.,  who  died 
in  1863,  aged  16;  and  James,  still  living. 

James  ]Nt.  Poe  was  born  in  Maryland,  November  12,  1811, 
where  he  was  married  to  Matilda  Chandler,  with  whom  and 
one  child,  he  came  to  Richmond  in  1888.  He  soon  commenced 
teaching  school,  in  which  business  he  was  engaged  about  ten 
years ;  first,  in  a  house  at  or  near  the  Public  Square,  and  after- 
ward in  the  basement  of  the  old  frame  Methodist  meeting- 


^..^^^^^ 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  431 

house  on  Pearl  street.  He  was  elected  a  justice  of  the  peace 
in  1846,  but  continued  teaching  during  the  first  two  years  of 
his  ofhcial  term.  He  was  elected  for  a  second  term,  at  the  ex- 
piration of  which,  in  1855,  he  declined  a  re-election.  In  18G3, 
he  was  again  elected  to  the  office  of  justice,  and  re-elected  in 
1867;  and  before  the  expiration  of  the  term,  he  was  elected 
in  1871,  Mayor  of  the  city,  which  office  he  now  holds. 
He  was  for  many  years  a  notary  public,  and  has  been  for 
about  twenty  years  a  real  estate  agent.  In  connection  with 
others  he  has  bought  lands  near  and  adjoining  the  town. 
Those  on  the  south  side,  designated  as  "  Poe  andllittel's  addi- 
tion," have  been  annexed  to  the  city.  Mr.  Poe  became  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Pearl  Street  Methodist  church  soon  after  his  removal 
to  Richmond,  and  has  for  nearly  twenty  years  served  alternately 
as  superintendent  and  assistant  superintendent  of  its  Sabbath- 
school,  He  has  four  children :  Margaret,  wife  of  James  J. 
Pussell;  Jennie,  wife  of  Oran  Perry  ;  Sarah  Ellen,  and  Amanda 
Bell. 

Mark  E.  Reeves,  son  of  Mark  Reeves,  came  from  Xew 
Jersey  to  Richmond,  in  1823,  with  his  father,  who  was  by  trade 
a  carpenter.  The  father  being  partially  enfeebled  by  ill-healthy 
it  was  necessary  for  the  son  to  commence  labor  at  an  early  age  ; 
and  he  was  employed  in  the  brick-yard  of  Wm.  Cox,  He  next 
served  temporarily  as  clerk  in  the  stores  of  John  Wright  and 
Robert  Morrisson.  In  1824,  Mr.  Wright  opened  a  store  at 
Milton,  conducted  by  his  brother,  AYm,  Wright,  and  em- 
ployed young  Reeves  as  a  clerk  in  that  store.  In  1826,  he  re- 
turned to  Richmond,  and  was  employed  as  clerk  in  the  store 
of  Robert  Morrisson  and  Joseph  P.  Strattan  [J.  P.  Strattan 
&  Co.]  In  1827,  he  went  to  Liberty  as  a  clerk  for  Mr,  Morris- 
son, who  established  a  branch  store  at  that  place.  In  Decem- 
ber, 1830,  at  the  age  of  about  19,  he  commenced  the  mercantile 
business  at  Washington,  now  Clay  township,  with  a  capital  of 
about  §1,000  in  goods,  bought  principally  of  Robert  Morri>son 
on  credit,  and  remained  there  about  ten  years.  In  1836,  Mark 
and  his  brother  James  bought  the  goods  of  J.  C,  Hawkins  & 
Son,  at  Hagerstown,  and  James  took  the  charge  of  this  estab- 
lishment. In  1840,  James  left  the  concern,  and  established 
a  store  in  Richmond,  and  Mark  removed  to  Hagerstown,  con- 


432  ■     HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

tinning  an  interest  in  the  store  at  Washington,  in  partnership 
with  James  W.  Scott,  for  ahout  five  years.  In  1847,  Mark  at 
Hagerstown,  and  James  at  Richmond,  both  discontinued  busi- 
ness, and  went  to  Cincinnati,  where  they  continued  trade,  in 
partnership,  until  1855.  James  then  returned  to  Richmond ; 
and  his  brother  has  retained  an  interest  in  a  large  mercantile 
establishment  in  that  city  to  the  present  time.  In  1853,  he 
purchased  the  residence  and  farm  of  the  late  Joseph  P.  Plum- 
mer  near  the  city,  to  which  he  removed,  and  where  he  now 
resides,  in  the  possession  of  a  fortune  acquired,  not  by  luck 
in  a  few  random  speculations,  but  by  a  long  course  of  prudent 
management,  and  close  attention  to  business.  It  is  said  to 
have  been  at  least  an  implied  condition  on  which  credit  was 
obtained  for  his  first  goods,  that  he  should  practice  due  fru- 
gality in  expenses.  The  young  debtor,  following  the  coun- 
sels of  his  former  employer  and  exemplar,  took  board  for 
himself  and  his  brother  James,  his  clerk,  at  56^  cents  per 
week,  they  furnishing  their  own  bed,  which  was  made  on  the 
store  counter.  The  examples  of  Morrisson  and  Reeves  should 
not  be  without  their  influence  upon  young  men  of  the  pres- 
ent time,  many  of  whom  make  sad  failures  in  attempts  to  ac- 
quire fortunes  in  a  few  large  and  hazardous  operations.  Mr. 
Reeves  was  married,  first,  to  Julia  Pretlow,  of  Virginia,  by 
whom  he  had  a  son,  Charles  P. ;  and  after  her  death,  to  Caro- 
line Middleton,  and  had  by  her  two  children,  Mary  T.  and 
Arthur  Middleton. 

James  E.  Reeves,  also  a  son  of  Mark  Reeves,  came  when  a 
small  boy  to  Richmond.  His  business  life,  so  intimately  con- 
nected with  that  of  his  brother,  has  been  in  great  part  already 
sketched  in  the  foregoing  notice.  On  his  return  from  Cin- 
cinnati to  Richmond,  in  1855,  he  purchased  of  Robert  Mor- 
risson the  farm  now  owned  by  Wm.  Baxter,  on  the  west  side 
of  East  Fork,  near  the  city.  In  1863,  he  commenced  the 
banking  business  in  the  city,  being  one  of  the  association 
which  established  the  First  jSTational  Bank,  of  which  he  has 
been  its  president  to  the  present  time.  His  business  habits 
and  capacity,  being  similar  to  those  of  his  brother,  have  also 
been  attended  with  success.  He  was  married,  first,  to  Isa- 
bella Cornell,  of  Philadelphia,  and  after  her  death,  to  Mrs. 


// 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  433 

Hannah  Ireland,  of  Peoria,  Illinois.  lie  has,  by  his  lirst 
marriage,  a  son,  James  Franklin,  at  present  cashier  of  the 
First  National  Bank  in  Richmond ;  by  the  second,  a  son, 
William  P. 

Daniel  Reid  was  born  in  liockbridge  county,  Va.,  Febru- 
ary 5,  1799.  He  married  Letitia  Scott,  and  in  1821  removed 
to  Ohio,  near  Xew  Paris,  where  he  engaged  in  teaching 
school.  In  October,  1823,  he  removed  to  Richmond,  and  en- 
gaged as  a  merchant's  clerk  for  James  McGuire,  and  after- 
ward for  Robert  Morrisson.  About  the  year  1827  or  1828, 
he  commenced  business  for  himself,  with  Joseph  P.  Strattan. 
He  was  engaged  alternately  in  trade  and  farming  until  1838. 
In  1829,  he  was  appointed  postmaster,  and  held  the  office 
until  1836.  In  1838,  he  was  appointed  by  President  Van 
Buren  register  of  the  land  office  at  Fort  Wayne.  He  re- 
turned to  this  county  in  1855,  and  settled  on  a  farm  a  mile 
and  a  half  west  of  Richmond,  where  he  now  resides.  He 
was  an  early  member  and  ruhng  elder  of  the  United  Presby- 
terian church  in  Richmond,  which  office  he  holds  at  the 
present  time.  Mr.  Reid  had  seven  children :  1.  William  S. 
[Sk.]  2.  Mary  Ann,  who  died  at  3.  3.  Mary  Ann,  who  mar- 
ried Franklin  P.  Randolph,  a  lawyer,  of  Fort  Wayne.  4. 
James  P.,  who  married  Anna  Reid,  and  lives  in  Wayne  town- 
ship. 5.  Margaret  Jane,  unmarried.  6.  Hannah  M.,  who 
died  of  cholera  in  1833.  7.  Robert  M.,  who  emigrated  to 
California  in  1852.  Mrs.  Reid  died  September  3,  1854;  and 
in  October,  1856,  Mr.  Reid  was  joined  in  marriage  to  Mrs. 
Ann  Dougan,  then  living  at  Niles,  Mich.,  a  daughter  of 
Isaac  Gray,  an  early  settler  in  Richmond. 

Wm.  S.  Reid,  sou  of  Daniel  Reid,  was  born  in  Rockbridge 
county,  Ya.,  December  10,  1818.  He  removed  with  his 
father's  family  to  Preble  county,  Ohio,  in  1822;  and  in  1823 
to  Richmond.  He  married  May  7, 1839,  Sarah  Jane  Mansur, 
by  whom  he  had  nine  children,  of  whom  only  Sarah  M.,  Clara 
M.,  and  Mansur  C,  are  living.  Mr.  Reid  was  for  a  time  a 
clerk  in  the  land  office  at  Fort  Wayne;  on  a  farm  in  Allen 
county  about  twelve  years;  in  the  dry  goods  trade  in  Rlc-li- 
mond  three  years ;  and  for  several  years  in  the  pork-packing 
business,  in  which,  as  one  of  the  firm  of  Vauueman,  Reid  & 
30 


434  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Co.,  he  still  continues.  He  was  also  for  a  number  of  years, 
with  C.  C.  Beeler,  engaged  in  the  grocery  trade,  which  they 
discontinued  in  1870. 

John  Sailor  was  horn  in  the  city  of  Philadelphia,  Novem- 
ber 23,  1781.  He  is  said  to  have  been  by  trade  a  cabinet- 
maker, but  carried  on  the  business  of  coach-making.  In  the 
year  1811,  he  became  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  church, 
and  in  1812  a  ruling  elder,  which  office  he  held  until  he 
left  the  city,  in  1831,  and  removed  to  Richmond.  At 
the  lirst  election  under  the  borough  charter,  in  1834,  he  was 
elected  first  burgess,  the  head  and  presiding  officer  of  the  city 
council.  In  1840,  Richmond  was  incorporated  as  a  city,  and 
Mr.  Sailor  was  elected  mayor,  and  held  the  office  by  successive 
annual  elections  until  January,  1852  ;  and  although  he  had  a 
limited  education,  the  duties  of  the  office  were  discharged 
faithfully  and  conscientiously,  as  well  as  with  general  accept- 
ance. In  1854,  he  removed  to  GriggsvilJe,  Pike  county, 
Illinois,  where  his  wife  died  the  next  year.  In  1865,  he 
united  with  the  Baptist  church,  of  which  he  is  still  a  member. 
In  the  summer  of  1871,  he  met  with  an  accident,  by  which 
he  came  near  losing  his  life.  Having  been  iu  early  life  a 
sailor,  and  used  to  climbing,  he  fearlessly  ascended  by  a  ladder 
into  a  cherry  tree,  unseen  by  any  other  person,  and  was  soon 
after  found  lying  on  the  ground  under  the  tree  in  an  uncon- 
scious state,  and  badly  bruised,  having  fallen  from  the  tree, 
the  lowest  limbs  of  which  were  eight  feet  from  the  ground. 

Andrew  F.  Scott  was  born  in  Rockbridge  county,  Va.,  De- 
cember 28,  1811;  came  to  Wayne  county  in  1834;  taught 
school  one  term  three  miles  south  of  Richmond,  and  in  the 
fall  of  that  year  engaged  as  clerk  for  Daniel  Reid  in  his  store 
and  the  post-office,  iu  Richmond,  and  continued  there  five 
years.  In  1839,  he  went  to  Fort  Wayne,  and  served  as  clerk 
one  year  under  Mr.  Reid,  who  was  then  register  of  the 
United  States  land  office  at  that  place,  and  one  year  under 
James  W.  Borden,  receiver.  In  1841,  he  returned  to  Rich- 
mond, and  served  as  deputy  under  Sherift"  Wm.  Baker  one 
year,  and  next  as  clerk  in  the  store  of  Jesse  Meek  about 
three  years.  He  then  became  interested  in  the  business  of  a 
steamboat  company  on  the  Ohio  river,  and  served  as  its  clerk 
for  two  years.     In  1847,  he  returned  to  Richmond,  and  car- 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  435 

riecl  on  the  mercantile  business  four  years.  In  1851,  he  was 
elected  clerk  of  Wayne  county,  and  re-elected  in  1855,  in 
which  office  he  served  eight  years,  residing  during  liis  clerk- 
ship at  Centerville.  In  1860,  be  again  removed  to  Richmond, 
and  was  engaged  in  farming  about  five  years,  and  a  part  of 
that  time  also  in  merchandising  and  building,  having,  in  1862, 
erected  the  brick  block  on  the  north-west  corner  of  Main  and 
Fifth  streets.  In  July,  1865,  he  was  made  clerk  of  the  Rich- 
mond Fire  Insurance  Company,  and  served  as  such  during  its 
existence  of  about  a  year  and  a  half.  In  1867,  he  associated 
with  James  Forkner  and  C.  N.  Elmer,  [firm,Forkner,  Scott  &, 
Elmer,]  in  the  wholesale  grocery  trade,  in  Richmond,  in  which 
he  has  continued  till  the  present  time.  In  1839,  he  was  mar- 
ried to  Martha  McGlathery.  They  had  four  children  :  Letitia 
A.,  who  married  Joseph  McNutt,  and  died  in  1863;  John, 
who  died  in  infancy;  Augustus  C,  who  resides  at  home  ;  and 
Mary  E.,  wife  of  John  M.  Tennis,  agent  for  the  Erie  Railway 
Company,  residing  at  Memphis,  Tennessee. 

Caleb  Shearox  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  February  29, 1778  ; 
came  to  Richmond  in  1820.  He  was  a  hatter,  and  brought 
with  him  his  shop  fixtures.  The  roads  being  very  bad,  and 
hat  trimmings  light,  he  went  for  a  time  on  foot  to  Cincinnati, 
and  carried  back  his  stock.  He  was  successful  in  business,  and 
accumulated  a  handsome  property,  as  has  been  elsewhere 
stated.  He  was  a  stockholder  in  the  first  bank  in  Richmond, 
in  the  first  turnpike  company,  and  in  the  first  railroad  com- 
pany, and  a  director  in  each  of  them.  He  was  married,  in 
1819,  to  Elizabeth  Chalfant.  Ilis  children  were:  Thomas  H., 
who  married  Rachel,  a  daughter  of  James  Thompson;  Will- 
iam, who  married  Sarah  J.,  and  Warner,  who  married  Rachel 
L.,  daughters  of  Nathan  Rambo ;  Oliver  H.,  who  married 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Joseph  Overman,  of  Center;  and  Ruth 
Ann,  wife  of  John  D,  Wiggins.  Caleb  Shearon  died  Janu- 
ary 28,  1854.  The  wife  of  T^homas  II.  died  December  9, 1870. 
Oliver  II.  removed  a  few  years  since  to  Kansas. 

John  SxMith  was  born  in  Xorth  Carolina,  and  was  one  of 
the  pioneer  settlers  of  Richmond  in  the  year  1806.  As  an 
early  settler,  as  the  first  merchant,  and  as  the  first  proprietor 
of  the  town,  he  has  been  noticed.     He  settled  in  what  is  now 


436  HISTORY   OF  WAYNE  COUNTY. 

the  soutli  part  of  the  city,  west  from  the  public  square,  where, 
in  1811  or  1812,  he  built  the  house  now  owned  by  Jeremiah 
Hadley,  the  first  brick  house  built  in  the  town,  and  probably 
the  first  in  the  county.  He  was  married,  in  I^orth  Carolina,  to 
Letitia  Trueblood,  who  died  about  the  year  1813,  and  by  whom 
he  had  five  sons,  Kobert,  Caleb,  l!Tathau,  John,  and  Samuel 
W.,  the  last  of  whom  was  for  a  time  a  merchant  in  Richmond ; 
and  six  daughters :  Mary,  who  was  married  to  Thomas  Nixon ; 
Sarah,  to  Thomas  Lamb;  Pennina,  to  Jesse  Symonds;  Eliza- 
beth, to  Stephen  Holloway;  ISTancy,  to  Daniel  Trimble;  Gu- 
lielma,  to  Joseph  Meek,  of  Abington.  After  the  death  of  his 
wife  he  married,  about  the  year  1818,  Mrs.  Jane  Pleas,  of 
Ohio,  by  whom  he  had  a  daughter,  Esther,  who  married  Jere- 
miah Hadley,  and  died  N"ov.  29,  1861.  Mr.  Hadley  has  been 
for  many  years  a  citizen  of  Richmond,  and  is  at  present,  and 
has  for  several  years  been,  the  treasurer  of  the  city  school 
funds. 

Charles  W.  Starr  was  born  at  Philadelphia,  Feb.  28,  1792, 
and  was  married  to  Elizabeth  Wilson,  of  Chester  Co.,  Pa., 
who  was  born  Feb.  14,  1798.  In  the  year  1825,  he  removed 
with  his  small  family  to  Richmond,  and  the  next  year  bought 
the  farm,  of  Jeremiah  Cox,  lying  on  the  north  side  of  Main 
street  and  extending  to  the  East  Fork.  Cox  had  laid  out  lots 
east  to  Marion  street,  including  the  tier  east  side,  and  north 
to  the  first  alley  south  of  Sassafras  street.  The  farm  con- 
tained about  240  acres,  and  embraced  all  the  lands  bought  by 
Cox  north  of  Main  street,  except  the  part  lying  between  the 
east  bounds  of  the  lots  laid  out  on  Marion  [street  and  the 
river.  The  name  of  Charles  W.  Starr  is  intimately  connected 
with  the  history  of  Richmond.  His  large  farm,  on  which  have 
been  erected  most  of  the  finer  class  of  dwellings,  and  nearly 
all  the  large  manufacturing  establishments  of  the  city,  was  all 
laid  out  into  lots.  The  value  of  lots  sold  before  and  since  his 
decease  is  upward  of  $320,000,  leaving  still  unsold  lots  of  the 
value  of  about  $60,000.  He  was  an  enterprising,  energetic 
business  man,  and  contributed  largely  to  the  improvement  and 
prosperity  of  the  town.  He  was  an  extensive  house-builder. 
He  erected  a  large  number  of  buildings — business  houses  and 
dwellings.     Among  the  former  was  a  row  on  Main  street,  on 


CITY  OP   RICHMOND.  437 

and  west  of  the  corner  of  Franklin,  where  the  First  National 
Bank  stands ;  also,  the  Tremont  House,  on  the  north-east  cor- 
ner of  Main  and  Fifth  streets.  He  also  built,  about  the  year 
1831,  a  cotton  factory,  just  above  the  Williamsburg  turnpike 
bridge,  and  run  it  a  few  years.  He  was  highly  esteemed  as  a 
citizen,  and  was  a  member  of  the  society  of  Friends.  He  died 
May  1,  1855,  having  bequeathed  his  large  estate  to  his  wife — 
an  evidence  of  his  confidence  in  her  ability  to  manage  and  dis- 
pose of  it.  The  children  of  Charles  and  Elizabeth  Starr  were : 
1.  John,  who  died  in  infancy.  2.  AVilliam  C,  who  married 
Anna  M.  Chipman,and  resides  on  ]S"inth  street.  3.  James  M., 
who  married  Lydia  C.  Briggs,  of  Cincinnati,  who  died  about 
three  years  after  her  marriage,  leaving  a  daughter,  who  died 
soon  after.  He  married,  second,  Sarah  Jane  King,  a  daughter 
of  Levinus  King.  4,  5.  Mary  and  Samuel ;  both  died  in  in- 
fancy. 6.  Hannah  A.,  wife  of  Isoah  S.  Leeds,  a  merchant  in 
Richmond.  7.  Lydia  W.,  who  died  at  19.  8.  l^athan  H.,  who 
married  Clara  Gustin,  at  Middletown,  Henry  Co.,  where  they 
reside.  9.  Joseph  W.,  who  married  Alida  Burr,  of  Xorth 
Bend,  Ohio.  10.  Benjamin,  who  married  Josephine  Iredell, 
who  died  in  1868.     He  resides  in  Richmond. 

Ithamar  Warner,  native  of  iSTew  England,  and  for  several 
years  a  physician  at  Salisbury  until  after  the  removal  of  the 
county  seat  from  that  town,  came  to  Richmond  about  the  year 
1820.  He  was  unmarried,  and  boarded  several  years  with  Robert 
Morrisson.  He  soon  acquired  an  extensive  practice,  and  in 
time  accumulated  a  handsome  fortune,  of  which,  at  his  decease, 
he  bequeathed  the  principal  part  to  the  town  of  Richmond. 
The  brick  building  on  North  Pearl  street,  near  the  Citizens' 
Bank,  known  as  the  "Warner  Building,"  was  a  donation. 
The  citizens  have  erected  an  appropriate  monument  over  his 
grave.  He  died  in  March,  1835,  aged  about  52  years.  He 
was  never  married. 

John  Macamy  Wasson,  son  of  Archibald  Wasson,  was  born 
in  Wayne  township,  in  the  year  1810.  His  early  years  were 
spent  on  the  farm  of  his  father,  with  whom,  in  1829,  he  re- 
moved to  Richmond.  He  was  married  to  Anna,  a  daughter 
of  Josiah  Moore,  an  early  settler  about  two  miles  soutii-east 
from  Richmond.     She  was  born  in  1813.     While  a  resident  of 


438  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE   COUNTY. 

Richmond,  he  worked  several  years  at  the  wagon-making  busi- 
ness. He  afterward  resided  at  Neill's  Station,  where  he  was 
postmaster  from  1857  to  1859;  and  at  Chester,  where  he  held 
the  same  office  from  1861  to  1864.  He  also  resided  two  years 
at  the  town  of  Washington,  whence  he  removed,  in  March, 
1870,  to  Richmond,  where  he  now  resides.  He  commenced, 
several  years  ago,  the  collection  of  materials  for  a  History  of 
"Wayne  County,  and  had  gathered  many  facts  relating  to  the 
early  settlement  of  Wayne  township,  including  the  cit}^  of 
Richmond,  some  of  which  are  embodied  in  this  work.  Al- 
though he  did  not  proceed  to  the  completion  of  the  con- 
templated history,  the  project  seems  to  have  originated  with 
him.  The  children  of  Macarny  and  Anna  Wasson  were:  1. 
Elizabeth,  who  died  in  1844,  at  the  age  of  4  years.  2.  Thomas 
J.,  who  enlisted,  for  the  late  war,  in  the  19th  (Col.  Solomon 
Meredith's)  Regiment;  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Gales- 
borough,  and  taken  to  the  hospital  at  Philadelphia.  After  his 
recovery  he  rejoined  his  regiment,  and  was  killed  in  the  battle 
of  Gettysburg,  in  the  first  day's  engagement,  July  1,  1863.  3. 
Sarah  Ann,  wife  of  David  Beedle.  4.  William  H.,  who  en- 
listed, in  1863,  in  the  9th  Cavalry,  121st  Indiana  Regiment; 
served  two  years,  and  was  regularly  discharged.  5.  Albert  C, 
who  resides  in  Kansas,  and  is  married.  6,  7.  Mary  and  Eliza. 
Daniel  P.  Wiggins  was  born  on  Long  Island,  IST.  Y.,  JSTov. 
23,  1794.  He  married  Phebe  Dodge,  who  was  born  Sept.  2, 
1796.  In  1823,  he  removed  with  his  family  to  Richmond. 
Being  by  trade  a  tanner,  he  was  employed  by  Robert  Morris- 
son  to  take  the  charge  of  his  tannery,  and  a  few  years  after 
was  admitted  as  a  partner.  After  a  partnership  of  several 
years,  he,  with  several  of  his  sons,  purchased  the  tannery  built 
by  John  Smith.  About  the  year  1851,  he  retired  from  the 
concern  and  all  active  business,  with  more  than  a  competence, 
the  reward  of  honest,  persevering  industry  and  prudent  man- 
agement. He  resides  with  his  estimable  wife,  at  a  pleasant 
country  seat  in  the  suburbs  of  the  city.  They  are  exemplary 
members  of  the  society  of  Friends,  with  which  they  united 
since  their  settlement  in  Richmond.  They  had  eleven 
children:  1.  William,  who  was  born  Oct.  2,  1814;  mar- 
ried Emma  Pyle,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Pyle,  and  died  March 


^^^  ^>''  y^ 


/u^^c:^^  ^/^-^/J^^y^Cj- 


CITY    OP    RICHMOND.  439 

29,  1855.  2.  Henry  D.,  born  Oct.  16,  1816;  married  Lavinia 
Pyle,  sister  of  Emma,  and  died  April  4,  1842.  Slie  married, 
second,  Judge  Samuel  E.  Perkins,  now  of  Indianapolis,  3. 
Andress  S.,  born  Aug.  15, 1818,  married  Rebecca  Boswell,  and 
lives  near  Hagerstown.  4.  Stephen  R.,  born  April  12,  1820, 
married  Delitha  Ann  Hunnicutt,  and  resides  in  Richmond.  5. 
Charles  0.,  born  xMay  23,  1822,  married  Mary  Thatcher.  6. 
John  D.,.born  July  26,  1824,  married  Ruth  Shisaron.  7.  Phile- 
mon F.,  born  Sept.  16,  1826;  married,  first,  Mary  Burr,  of 
Ohio,  and  after  her  death,  Henrietta,  daughter  of  George  Mc- 
Culloch.  8.  Mary  Elizabeth,  born  Oct.  18,  1828,  married 
George  ^Y.  Barnes,  and  died  Oct.  28,  1862.  9.  Samuel  B., 
born  March  6,  1831 ;  married  Virginia  Van  Zant.  10.  Sarah 
Ann,  born  August  19,  1833;  married  Wm,  P.  Benton,  and 
died  Feb.  23,  1861.  He  was  a  collector  of  United  States  rev- 
enue at  'New  Orleans,  where  he  died,  March  12,  1867.  11. 
Daniel  P.,  born  Sept.  20, 1835;  died  Feb.  14, 1855. 

Jesse  Williams  was  born  January  13,  1753.  He  married, 
first,  Eleanor  Johnson,  by  whom  he  had  four  children  :  John, 
Hannah,  Esther,  and  Caleb.  After  the  death  of  his  wife  he 
married  Sarah  Terrell,  of  Lynchbnrg,  Va.  He  afterward  re- 
moved with  his  family  to  iSTorth  Carolina,  where  he  resided 
many  years,  and  then  [1814]  removed  to  Ohio,  and  in  1820  to 
Richmond,  where  he  died  in  1833,  and  his  wife  the  same  year. 
They  had  four  sons  and  three  daughters  :  Micajah  T. ;  Achil- 
les ;  Robert,  who  died  in  Richmond  in  1822  ;  Jesse  L.,  who  is 
married,  and  resides  at  Fort  Wayne;  Anna,  wife  of  Dr. 
Thomas  Carroll,  of  Cincinnati ;  Sarah  T.,  widow  of  Dr.  James 
R.  Mendenhail,  and  resides  in  Richmond ;  and  Eliza,  wife  of 
John  L.  Burgess,  of  Dublin,  Ind.  Micajah  T.  came  to  Cin- 
cinnati as  early  as  1812,  and  died  there  in  1844.  He  was,  while 
there,  associated  with  Ephraim  Morgan  in  publishing  the  West- 
ern Spy;  a  member  of  the  legislature  of  Ohio;  and  president 
of  the  Ohio  Life  Insurance  and  Trust  Company,  His  widow 
now  resides  with  her  son,  Alfred  K.  Williams,  on  her  place  in 
Richmond. 

Achilles  Williams,  son  of  Jesse  AViUianis,  was  born  in 
Grayson,  now  Carroll  county,  A'irginia,  September  23,  1795. 
He  removed,  when  young,  with  his  father's  family  to  Guilford 


440  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Co.,  IsT,  C,  to  which  place  his  grandfather  had  removed  with 
his  family  from  Maryland,  in  1851  or  1852.  In  1814,  the 
family  removed  to  Cincinnati.  After  a  brief  visit  to  this 
place,  [now  Eichmond,]  in  June,  and  a  few  months'  sojourn 
at  Waynesville,  Ohio,  the  next  ye£ir  [1815]  he  returned  in  the 
fall  to  the  South,  and  was  married  to  Beulah  Ilnthank.  In 
1817,  he  removed  to  Warren  Co.,  O.,  and  in  the  fall  of  1818 
to  Richmond,  and  resumed  his  occupation — that  of  saddler — 
he  being  the  first  of  that  trade  in  the  town — and  continued 
the  business  for  many  years.  He  then  entered  into  an  un- 
fortunate partnership  in  establishing  and  carrjdng  on  a 
foundry,  the  first  in  the  place.  The  business  was  most  dis- 
astrous to  him.  After  giving  up  all  his  eftects  to  his  credit- 
ors, he  was  still  largely  in  debt.  In  1829,  he  was  elected 
county  commissioner,  which  ofiice  he  held  several  years.  He 
was  elected  as  a  representative  in  the  legislature  for  the  ses- 
sion of  1837-38,  and  as  a  senator  for  the  three  succeeding  ses- 
sions. After  the  election  of  President  Harrison,  he  was  ap- 
pointed postmaster  at  Richmond,  but  was  superseded  under 
Tyler.  In  1844,  he  was  elected  county  treasurer,  and  by  re- 
elections  continued  in  that  ofiice  eleven  years.  Although  the 
ofiice  was  then  far  less  lucrative  than  now,  it  enabled  him,  by 
proper  frugality  and  economy,  to  cancel  all  the  debts  growing 
out  of  the  partnership  alluded  to.  And  he  often  speaks  of  the 
kindness  of  his  fellow-citizens  in  thus  enabling  him  to  ac- 
complish one  of  the  most  desirable  objects  of  his  life.  He  was 
appointed  postmaster  again  by  President  Lincoln,  and  removed 
by  President  Johnson.  He  has,  since  the  death  of •  Robert 
Morrisson,  been  the  earliest  settler  with  a  family  now  living  in 
Richmond.     Plis  wife  died  April  28,  1871. 

The  children  of  Achilles  and  Beulah  Williams  who  lived  to 
maturity,  were  Susan,  wife  of  David  Osborn,  of  Ohio;  Joseph ; 
Rebecca,  wife  of  Thaddeus  Wright;  Zalinda,  who  married 
Dr.  Wilson  Hobbs,  of  Carthage,  Ind.;  Robert;  Martha,  who 
married  Milton  Yeo,  of  Ohio;  Sarah,  wife  of  Benj.  Webb; 
and  Caroline,  wife  of  Charles  C.  Dennis,  of  Indianapolis. 
Robert  died  in  1861 ;  Rebecca  and  Martha  in  1866. 

Thomas  iT.  Young,  born  in  Augusta  Co.,  Va.,  January  23, 
1817,  removed  in  1833  from  Ohio  to  this  county  with  his 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  441 

father,  who  settled  about  1-|  miles  west  of  the  town  of  Boston, 
where  P.  Shidler  now  resides.  Thomas  commenced  teaching 
school  at  the  age  of  18,  and  was  engaged  alternately  in  teach- 
ing and  farming  for  a  number  of  years.  He  married  Mary 
Beard,  a  daughter  of  Peter  Beard,  of  Boston,  and  in  1848  re- 
moved to  liichmond,  and  engaged  in  the  grocery  business,  but 
returned  to  his  farm  in  Boston  in  1849.  In  1851,  he  returned 
to  Richmond,  and  resumed  the  grocery  and  provision  trade,  in 
which  he  still  continues.  He  was  for  several  years  a  member 
of  the  city  council ;  and  in  May,  1867,  was  elected  mayor, 
which  office  he  filled  acceptably  for  the  regular  term  of  two 
years.  He  had  six  children,  besides  one  who  died  in  infancy, 
namely :  Augustus  B.,  a  practicing  lawyer  in  liichmond ; 
Charles  W.  and  George  F.,  partners  of  their  father  in  trade; 
Peter  W. ;  Mary  V.,  and  Dora  B. 

John  Yaryan  was  born  at  Knoxville,  Tenn.,  and  removed, 
in  the  fall  of  1816,  with  his  father,  to  the  south  part  of  AVayne 
Co.,  Ind.,  which  was  in  1819  cut  off  by  the  formation  of  Union 
county.  He  studied  law  with  Judge  James  Perry  in  1841-42, 
and  commenced  practice  in  Liberty.  He  was  in  1846  elected 
a  representative  in  the  legislature  from  Union  county,  and 
subsequently  to  the  senate.  In  1858,  he  removed  to  Rich- 
mond, where  he  has  since  been  engaged  in  his  profession. 


LODGES  IX  RICHMOND. 

AYebb  Lodge,  No.  24,  F.  &  A.  M.  Charter  dated  Oct.  1823. 
Officers— Wimaxn  Pugh,  W.  M. ;  J.  R.  Mendenhall,  S.  AV. ; 
AYm.  Vaughan,  J.  AV. ;  John  Suffrins,  Treas. ;  John  C.  Kib- 
bey,  Sec'y;  Samuel  Evans,  S.  D.;  AA"m.  M.  Doughty,  J.  D. 
This  Lodge  was  instituted  at  Centerville,  Xov.  7,  1823,  by 
George  L.  Murdock,  M.  AV.  G.  M.  P.  T. ;  Bartholomew 
McCfeary,  Sen.,  G.  AA^  P.  T.^;  John  Hawkins,  Jun.,  G.AV.  P.  T. ; 

Trowbridge,  Gr.  Treas. ;  AVm.  Thomas,  Gr.  Sec. ;  Aaron 

Delabar,  Gr.  Sen.  Deacon  ;  G.  AV.  Kemble,  Gr.  -Inn.  Deai-on  ; 
James  B.  Ray,  Gr.  Tyler,  Alarshal ;  Philip  Mason,  Philip  A^in- 
dergriff,  AVm.  Youse. 

This  lodge  met  alternately  at  Centerville  and  Kielnnond, 
^31 


442  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

until  1833,  when  a  charter  was  granted  to  Samuel  Fleming, 
John  Finlej,  and  Wm.  S.  Addleman,  to  be  held  at  Kichmond. 
Present  officers — Daniel  W.  Johnston,  "W.  M. ;  Charles  E,  Mar- 
lett,  S.  W. ;  Le  Roy  Land,  J.  W. ;  John  J.  Rouej,  Treas. ;  S. 
C.  Byer,  Sec'y;  C.  A.  Hatch,  S.  D. ;  Wm.  P.  Sparks,  J.  D. ; 
Edward  Woolverton,  Tyler.     Number  of  members,  about  100. 

Richmond  Lodge,  ^o.  196,  F.  &  A.  M.  Chartered  May  28, 
1856.  Charter  merahers — Wm.  B.  Smith,  Wm.  Sinex,  Wm.  F. 
Spinning,  Lewis  Burk,  John  W.  Griffin,  T.  J.  Ferguson,  Wm. 
L.  Farquhar,  Joseph  Thatcher,  John  Elderkin,  John  Finley, 
John  Sufirins.  First  officers — Wm.  B.  Smith,  W.  M. ;  Wm. 
Sinex,  S.  W. ;  Wm.  F.  Spinning,  J.  W. ;  Lewis  Burk,  Treas. ; 
J.  W.  Griffin,  Sec'y;  Charles  Fisk,  S.  D. ;  Henry  Staley,  J.  D. 
Present  officers— U.W.  Deely,  W.  M. ;  Chas.  A.  Bates,  S.  W.; 
Cornelius  Ratliff,  J.  W. ;  John  SufFrins,  Treas. ;  J.  A.  Unthank, 
Sec'y;  A.  S.  Reed,  S.  D. ;  J.  H.  Stinsou,  J.  D. ;  Harvey  Sto- 
ver, Tyler.     ]S'umber  of  members,  about  80. 

Whitewater  Lodge,  No.  41,  L  O.  O.  F.,  was  instituted  May 
1,  1847.  Charter  members — W.  P.  Wilson,  Edwin  Irwin,  Se- 
date Bickmore,  Thomas  Vickers,  W.  L.  Farquhar.  First  offi- 
cers— W.  P.  Wilson,  N.  G. ;  Sedate  Bickmore,  Y.  G. ;  Edwin 
Irwin,  R.  S. ;  Thomas  Vickers,  Treas.  Present  officers — Henry 
R.  Downing,  K  G. ;  Frank  K.  Hess.  V.  G.;  John  F.  Kuhl- 
man,  R.  S. ;  Saul  G.  Dugdale,  P.  G.,  Treas. ;  Edward  Bellis, 
P.  G.,  Per.  Sec'y.  Original  number  of  members,  11 ;  present 
membership,  160.     Present  resources,  §17,500. 

Hermann  Lodge,  No.  199,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  was  organized  May 
14,  1858.  Charter  members— John  H.  Popp,  Charles  Leive, 
Anton  Egli,  Joseph  Schluter,  John  M.  Hamann,  Charles  Hoel- 
scher,  Jacob  Goehner,  John  Schumann,  Engelbert  Wessner, 
Louis  Runge,  Henry  Kruvel.  First  officers-John  H.  Popp, 
N.  G.;  Henry  Kruvel,  V.  G. ;  Joseph' Schliter,  R.  S. ;  Jacob 
Goehner,  Treas. ; ,  Per.  Sec.  Present  officers — Mar- 
tin Eckerle,  N.  G.;  Adolf  Weisbrod,  V.  G. ;  Henry  Bartel, 
R.  S. ;  John  Schumann,  Treas. ;  Henry  G.  Knopf,  Per.  Sec'y. 
Original  number  of  members,  11 ;  present  membership,  103. 

Woodward  Lodge,  No.  212,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  was  organized  Aug. 
30,  1859.  Charter  members— 'E.  C.  Pyle,  Wm.  W.  Foulke,  O. 
H.  P.  Little,  O.  H.  Shearon,  Miles  J.   Shinn,  P.  G.,  D.  P. 


CITY   OF   RICHMOND.  443 

Graves,  W.  P.  "Wilcoxen,  T.  J.  Xewby.  First  officers— E.  C. 
Pyle,  K  G.;  Wm.  W.  Foulke,  V.  G. ;  A.  ^V.  Mendenhall, 
R.  S.;  O.  H.  P.  Little,  Treas.;  O.  II.  Shearon,  Per.  Sec'y. 
Present  officers— Eno8  Geary,  K  G.;  John  M.  Hinton,  V.  G. ; 
Wm.  Coddington,  R.  S.;  James  Williams,  Treas.;  E.  H.  Ooii- 
kle,  Per.  Sec'y.  Original  number  of  members,  43;  present 
membership,  205. 

Richmond  Lodge,  No.  254, 1.  O.  O.  P.,  was  organized  March 
12,  1866.  Charter  members — Peter  Johnson,  W.  W.  Dudley, 
Gran  Perry,  J.  R.  Woods,  J.  R.  Weist,  E.  H.  Strattan,  J.  H. 
McLityre,  M.  M.  Lacy,  M.  E.  McMeans,  A.  S.  Johnson,  G. 
W.  Benton,  J.  J.  Russell,  B.J.  Miller,  James  Skinner,  Joshua 
Hunt,  Philemon  Dickinson,  J.  E.  Rogerson,  J.  P.  Iliff.  First 
officers— J.  R.  Woods,  K  G. ;  M.  M.  Lacy,  V.  G.;  M.  E. 
McMeans,  R.  S.;  J.  R.  Weist,  Treas.;  J.  J.  Russell,  Per. 
Sec'y.  Present  officers— U.  C.  Weller,  N.  G.;  C.  E.  Zimmer- 
man, V.  G.;  S.  B.  Williamson,  R.  S.;  W.  P.  Wilson,  Treas.; 
J.  R.  Milliken,  Per.  Sec'y.  jSTumber  of  members  at  the  end 
of  the  first  quarter,  Q6;  present  membership.  111. 

Harmonia  Encampment,  ITo.  75,  I.  0.  0.  F.,  was  organized 
Feb.  8,  1866.  Charter  members — Charles  Leive,  Jacob  Goeh- 
ner,  Christian  Shulz,  Gottleib  Lichteufels,  Henry  Kruvel, 
Louis  Meyer,  J.  H.  Scheppmann,  Anton  Bescher,  Gottleib 
Weidner,  Baltasar  Bescher,  P.  S.  Hoffmann,  Louis  Knopf, 
Louis  Runge,  Anton  Egli,  Sales  Minner,  Isaac  Shire.  Plrst 
officers — P.  S.  Hoffmann,  C.  P.;  Charles  Leive,  H.  P.;  Louis 
Knopf,  S.  W.;  Louis  Runge,  J.  W.;  Louis  Meyer,  Scribe;  Au- 
ten  Bescher,  Treas.  Present  officers — Jacob  Noss,  C.  P. ;  Henry 
Kehlenbunck,  H.  P.;  John  E.  Hugo,  S.  W.;  John  Hoffmann, 
J.  W. ;  Jacob  Weber,  Scribe ;  Adolf  Weisbrod,  Treas.  Orig- 
inal number  of  members,  16;  present  membership,  46. 

Odd  Fellows'  Provident  Association  of  Wayne  County 
was  organized  Jan.  1,  1869,  by  37  members  of  the  order,  at 
Richmond.  By  the  payment  of  a  small  initiation  fee,  and  at 
the  death  of  a  member  one  dollar,  a  fund  equal  to  one  dolhir 
for  each  member  is  laid  away  to  pay  to  the  family  of  a  deceased 
member.  Four  such  payments  have  been  made,  amounting  to 
nearly  $1,500.    586  members  of  the  order  have  attached  them- 


444 


HISTORY  OF  WAYNE  COUNTY 


selves  to  the  association.  The  fee  being  so  small  compared 
with  the  benefits,  the  association  advises  every  member  of  a 
lodge  to  join. 


The  Odd  Fellows'  Hall,  on  the  south-west  corner  of  Main 
and  Fifth  streets,  was  built  in  1868  and  1869,  and  is  one  of  the 
largest  and  finest  buildings  in  the  city.  It  is  three  stories 
high  ;  fronts  on  Main  street  52  feet,  and  is  100  feet  deep.  The 
lodge  rooms  are  in  the  third  story;  the  second  story  is  appro- 
priated to  business  offices;  the  first  story  is  occupied  as  a  dry 
goods  store,  by  Hadley  Brothers,  in  the  east  part;  and  in  the 
west  part  is  the  bookstore  of  Kicliolson  Brothers.  The  build- 
ing is  well  finished  throughout,  and  the  entire  cost  of  the 
property  is  about  $40,000. 


CITY    OF    RICHMOND.  445 

Public  Halls. 

Phillips'  Hall,  built  b}-  Abraham  Phillips  and  James  M. 
Starr,  has  been  noticed.     [See  page  370.] 

Lyceum  Hall,  on  the  south-east  corner  of  Fifth  street 
and  Broadway,  was  built  in  1868-69,  by  a  company,  of 
which  the  original  stockholders  were :  Hannah  A.  Free, 
Edmund  Edmundson,  John  Griffith,  "Wallace  Fanning,  Wm. 
Conklin,  Ellen  and  Catharine  Sofirain,  Samuel  Maxwell, 
and  Luther  Crocker.  The  building,  which  is  three  stories 
high,  fronts  on  Fifth  street,  62J  feet,  and  is  90  feet  on 
Broadway.  It  is  a  beautiful  brick  structure,  and  its  location 
is  an  eligible  one.  Its  hall,  which  is  in  the  third  story,  is 
elegantly  furnished,  and  has  the  capacity  to  seat  1,000  to  1,200 
persons.  The  post-office  was  removed,  the  iirst  of  January,  to 
the  east  part  of  the  building,  recently  vacated  by  the  express 
companies.  The  west  part  continues  to  be  occupied  by  Mes- 
sick  &  Dunham,  dealers  in  cabinet  furniture. 


446  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 


SUPPLEMEi^T. 

[A  considerable  amount  and  variety  of  matter  was  received 
after  much  more  space  than  was  assigned  to  the  history  had 
been  filled.  Wayne  township  and  Richmond  having  been 
last  canvassed,  they  furnish  most  of  the  matter  of  these  sup- 
plementary pages.  Omissions  in  a  few  other  townships  are 
here  supplied.] 

Dry  Goods  Merchants. — Ralph  A.  Paige,  in  1847,  com- 
menced the  mercantile  business,  which  he  still  continues  at 
the  south-west  corner  of  Main  and  Marion  streets.  He  is  said 
to  have  been  longer  continuously  in  trade,  from  the  present 
time  past,  than  any  other  dry  goods  merchant  in  the  city. 

Wm.  Petchel,  in  1847,  the  same  year  as  Mr.  Paige,  com- 
menced the  same  business,  on  north  side  of  Main  street,  be- 
tween Front  and  Pearl,  and  has  for  ten  years  past  occupied 
his  present  place,  246  Main  street. 

Joshua  W.  Haines,  in  January,  1851,  bought  of  John 
Haines  his  stock  of  goods,  and  still  continues  an  extensive 
trade,  south  side  of  Main  street,  near  Pearl. 

Richard  Jackson,  formerly  in  trade  in  Cincinnati  and  In- 
dianapolis, established  business  in  Richmond,  in  1853,  which, 
either  alone  or  in  partnership,  he  has  continued  successfully 
to  the  present  time. 

Daniel  B,  Crawford,  with  Wm.  C.  Scott,  commenced  the 
dry  goods  trade  in  1850,  at  "  old  No.  8,"  now  190  Main 
street,  and  continued  in  the  business  about  nine  years.  In 
1864,  he  resumed  business,  which  he  still  continues  at  242 
Main  street. 

Emswiler  &  Crocker  established,  in  1860,  a  wholesale  and 
retail  trade  in  notions  and  toys,  which  is  still  continued  by  A. 
E.  Crocker  &  Co.,  north  side  of  Main  street,  between  Pearl 
and  Marion. 

Andrew  M.  Miller  came  to  Richmond  about  18  years  ago, 
and  established  a  clothing  store,  and  after  several  years  en- 
gaged also  in  the  boot  and  shoe  trade,  which  he  still  con- 
tinues at   264   Main    street.     In    1864   he   discontinued   the 


SUPPLEMENT.       ' "  447 

clothing  business,  and  engaged  largely  in  the  tobacco  and 
cigar  trade,  which  he  still  continues  on  Fort  Wayne  avenue. 
He  is  among  the  successful  business  men  of  the  city. 

Grocers. — Clayton  Hunt,  formerly  and  for  many  years  a 
mechanic  in  Richmond,  commenced  business  as  a  grocer  in 
1860,  at  253  Main  street.  From  1866  to  1868,  the  firm  was 
C.  Hunt  &  Sons  ;  from  the  latter  date  to  the  present.  Hunt 
Brothers. 

Thomas  Nestor  has  for  many  years  been  in  the  grocery 
trade.  He  commenced  in  1853  on  Main  street,  between 
Washington  and  Front  streets,  and  for  the  last  sixteen  years 
has  occupied  his  present  place,  south-east  corner  of  Front 
and  Main. 

George  W.  Barnes  engaged  in  the  grocery  business,  about 
twenty  years  ago,  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Lynde  &  Barnes. 
The  business  has  since  been  for  many  years  conducted  by 
George  W.  Barnes  &  Co.;  and,  since  the  decease  of  his  late 
partner,  E.  W.  Yarrington,  by  himself  alone,  at  223  and  225 
Main  street.  lie  cures  about  20,000  hams  annually,  and 
deals  largely  in  flaxseed  and  grass  seeds. 

Booksellers. — James  Elder  established  a  book  and  sta- 
tionery store,  in  1846,  second  door  east  of  the  Citizens'  Bank, 
and  removed,  in  1868,  to  his  present  stand,  255  Main  street. 
He  is  the  oldest  bookseller  in  the  city. 

Timothy  and  John  Xicholson,  from  ISTorth  Carolina,  suc- 
ceeded Wm.  E.  Smith,  in  1860,  in  the  book  trade.  Since  the 
year  1869,  they  have  occupied  their  present  spacious  store- 
room in  the  Odd  Fellows'  building,  where  they  are  pursuing 
an  extensive  trade  in  books  and  stationery.  They  have  also 
a  book-bindery. 

Oliver  White,  in  1866,  engaged  in  the  book  trade,  with  W. 
H.  Lanthurn.  After  the  withdrawal  of  the  latter,  John  E. 
Hale  became  a  partner.  The  business  has  since  been  con- 
tinued under  the  firm  name  of  0.  White  &  Co.  until  the 
present  time.  [Mr.  White  retired  on  the  1st  of  January, 
1872 ;  and  the  business  is  conducted  by  J.  E.  Hale  &  Co.,  at 
the  same  place,  on  Main  street,  between  Franklin  and  Fifth.] 

Charter  Oak  Pork  House. — This  establishment  was  com- 
menced in  the  winter  of  1853-4,  by  William  Wiggins  and 


448  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

TV"m.  S.  Eeid,  for  buying  and  slaughtering  pork.  On  the 
death  of  Mr.  Wiggins  soon  after,  Jeremy  Mansur  joined  Mr. 
Reid.  Mansur  &  Reid  carried  on  the  business  until  1861  or 
1862,  when  Mr.  Mansur  retired,  and  Gr,  W.  Vanneman,  C.  0. 
Beeler,  and  John  P.  Smith  became  partners  of  Mr.  Reid ; 
since  which  time  the  business  has  been  continued  under  the 
firm  name  of  Yanneman,  Reid  &  Co.  In  1867,  this  estab- 
ment  took  the  name  of  "  Charier  Oak  Pork  House."  It  has 
the  capacity  to  slaughter  and  take  care  of  about  900  hogs  a 
day,  or  about  20,000  in  a  season,  lasting  about  20  days.  The 
average  number  actually  handled  within  the  last  three  years, 
prior  to  1870,  was  about  14,000  a  year,  and  the  value  of  the  pork 
annually  slaughtered  and  sold,  about  $250,000.  This  establish- 
ment was  a  few  years  ago  destroyed  by  fire,  but  was  promptly 
rebuilt.  Nearly  20,000  were  slaughtered  in  1870,  and  in  the 
season  of  1871,  20,638. 

Gas  Works. — In  July,  1854,  a  charter  was  obtained  by 
Charles  Collier  for  the  -Richmond  Gas  Light  and  Coke  Com- 
pany. The  company  was  organized  in  June,  1855,  with  a 
capital  of  |25,000.  Its  stockholders  were  Charles  Collier, 
Robert  Morrisson,  Wm.  Cain,  John  T.  Plummer,  and  Wm. 
R.  Webster.  John  T.  Plummer  was  its  first  president;  Wm. 
R.  Webster,  secretary ;  Wm.  Cain,  treasurer.  The  works 
were  built  by  Charles  Collier,  and  completed  in  December, 
1855.  In  December,  1856,  they  were  leased  to  Starr  &  White, 
[James  M.  Starr  and  Benj.  C.  White,]  who  carried  on  the 
business  for  about  thirteen  years.  A  new  charter  was  granted 
in  February,  1870,  for  the  term  of  five  years.  James  M.  Starr, 
president;  Benj.  Starr,  secretary.  These  works  supply  91 
street  lamps,  and  upward  of  700  private  consumers.  The  re- 
ceipts for  gas  in  1870  were  about  $19,000. 

Planing  Mill,  etc. — William  Cain,  for  many  years  a  lum- 
ber dealer  in  the  city,  built,  in  1870,  with  his  sons,  T.  P.  and 
William,  a  planing  mill  on  Fort  Wayne  avenue,  where,  in 
connection  with  the  lumber  trade,  they  manufacture  sash, 
blinds,  flooring,  scrolls,  moldings,  etc. 

Steam  Bakery. — Daniel  K.  &  Joseph  S.  Zeller,  in  1866, 
succeeded  Bradbury,  Strattan  &  Co.,  in  the  steam  bakery  on 
Sixth  street,  and  in  1869  erected  the  building  they  now  oc- 


SUPPLEMENT.  449 

ciipy,  Kos.  357  and  350,  where  they  bake  the  various  articles 
in  the  baker's  line,  but  more  especially  crackers,  of  which 
they  make  about  35  barrels  a  day.  [B.  F.  Crawford,  proprie- 
tor of  AYhitewater  Mills,  became  a  partner  of  the  Zellers  the 
first  of  January,  1872.] 

Hotels. — The  Huntington  House,  elsewhere  noticed,  lias  re- 
cently been  again  repaired  and  imiu'oved,  and  is  at  [)resent  occu- 
pied hy  Joseph  H.  Githens. 

The  Tremont  House,  corner  of  Main  and  Fifth  streets,  built 
by  Charles  W.  Starr,  in  1838,  was  for  several  years  kept  as  the 
"Starr  House,"  by  Maria  Hurlbut,  and  from  1846  to  1854,  by 
its  owner,  C.  W.  Starr.  It  has  for  several  years  past  been 
kept  hy  its  present  proprietor,  John  Elliott. 

The  Avenue  House,  on  Fort  Wayne  avenue,  near  the  rail- 
road depot,  was  erected,  in  1864,  by  Jacob  Goehner.  Himself 
and  Gottleib  Lichtenfels  were  its  first  proprietors.  In  1869,  it 
was  re-opened  by  Joseph  H.  Githens  and  Henry  Ricks.  In 
April,  1871,  Mr.  Githens  was  succeeded  by  its  present  proprie- 
tor, J.  B.  Curtis. 

The  Phillips  House,  on  North  Marion  street,  near  Main,  was 
opened  in  1871,  as  a  hotel,  by  J.  S.  Nixon. 

Cascade  Garden  and  Nursery. — Edward  Y.  Teas  came  to 
Richmond  in  1863,  and  commenced  the  business  of  nursery- 
man and  florist,  which  he  continues  to  carry  on  successfully. 
Besides  cultivating  a  vast  variety  of  fruit  and  ornamental 
trees,  vines,  flowering  plants  aud  shrubs,  he  imports  many 
trees,  plants,  and  seeds,  and  supplies  the  nursery  and  flower 
trade  in  many  of  the  states.  His  oflice  and  greenhouses  are 
at  255  South  Pearl  street;  his  nursery, one  mile  south,  on  the 
Liberty  turnpike ;  and  his  seed  store  and  horticultural  depot, 
at  295  Main  street. 

Gardner  Mendenhall  resides  one  mile  and  a  half  east  from 
Richmond,  on  a  highly  cultivated  piece  of  land,  on  which  are 
a  nursery  and  a  greenhouse.  His  grounds  are  tastefully  laid 
out  and  ornamented,  and  his  residence  is  styled,  and  not 
inappropriately,  "  Sylvan  Heights." 

Richmond  Medical  and  Surgical  Sanitarium. — This  institu- 
tion is  about  a  mile  south-east  from  the  city.     A  school  called 
"Green   Mount   College"    was   established    here    by    John 
31 


450  HISTORY   OF    WAYNE    COUNTY. 

Haines,  and  coutinued  for  about  five  years.  It  was  then  sold 
to  Dr.  James  E.  G-ross,  who  fitted  it  up  for  a  water  cure, 
styled  "  Green  Mount  Retreat,"  and  occupied  it  as  such  for 
about  five  years,  having  greatly  improved  the  grounds  and 
buildings.  This  property  has  recently  been  purchased  by  Dr. 
E.  Small,  of  Boston,  Mass., and  elegantly  fitted  up;  and  is  to 
be  devoted,  in  future,  to  the  medical  and  surgical  treatment 
of  diseases  peculiar  to  women.  It  is  a  healthful  and  inviting 
home  for  the  invalid. 


ABINGTON. 

[The  following  supplies  an  omission  in  the  town  of  Abington.] 
The  first  resident  'physician  that  practiced  in  the  township 
was  W".  J.  Matchett,  in  1828.  He  was  succeeded  by  James 
Ruby,  who  practiced  some  ten  or  twelve  years  ;  within  which 
period,  he  took  into  partnership  a  former  student  of  his, 
John  M.  Swallow,  who  is  said  to  have  had  a  very  extensive 
practice,  and  died  in  1849,  at  the  early  age  of  thirty-three. 
After  him  came  Dr.  John  Cleveland,  who  also  is  said  to  have 
been  a  successful  practitioner,  now  residing  at  Centerville. 
He  was  followed  by  Moses  G.  Mitchell,  of  Ohio,  now  a  Uni- 
versalist  preacher,  residing  in  Abington.  Present  physicians — 
John  Q.  A.  Robbins,  and  James  E.  Swallow,  son  of  John  M. 
Swallow,  above  mentioned. 

The  first  wagon-maker  was  John  Gilbert ;  the  next,  William 
Harp.  The  present  ones  are  the  four  Green  brothers,  Thomas, 
Thaddeus,  Daniel,  and  Charles.  Present  blacksmiths — Thomas 
Stevens,  Caswell  Hollar,  and  Moses  Mitchell.  Harness- 
makers — Samuel  and  Erank^Lell.  Carpenters — Andrew  Hunt, 
Ferdinand  and  Harrison  Weber.  Shoemaker — Daniel  Jen- 
nings. 


SUPPLEMENT.  451 


GREEN. 


[The  folloAving  was  omitted  in  the  history  of  Green  township.] 
In  the   enumeration  of  the  cliildren   of  Jolm  Lewis,  the 
name  of  Joseph  was  omitted.     It  slionhl  liave  fulk)Ave(i   tliat 
of  Sarah.     Besides  those    named  were   four,  none   of  wliom 
passed  the  period  of  childhood. 

George  D.  McPherson  w^as  born  in  Stokes  county,  Xorth 
Carolina,  in  1789;  was  married,  in  1814,  to  Charity  Locke 
(still  living),  daughter  of  a  Revolutionary  captain  ;  moved  to 
Warren  county,  Ohio,  and  thence  to  Green  township,  Wayne 
county,  Indiana,  in  1825.  In  1843,  he  removed  to  Iowa, 
wdiere  he  now  resides.  He  has  six  children  :  Joseph  W.,  who 
married  Sarah  Lenington;  was  a  merchant  at  Economy; 
moved  to  Iowa  in  1856;  is  a  Methodist  minister,  and  has  ten 
children ;  of  whom  three  sons  were  Avounded  in  the  L^nion 
army,  and  one  was  a  member  of  tlie  legislature.  Lucretia 
married  Phenton  Riley;  twelve  children.  Abigail  married 
Samuel  Lenington;  both  dead;  four  children.  John,  twice 
married,  resides  in  Marshall  county ;  twelve  children.  Ruth, 
twice  married  ;  now  deceased  ;  two  children.  Elizabeth,  wife 
of  Rufus  K  Mills,  resides  in  Randolph  county  ;  three  children. 


JACKSON. 

[The   following   should   have  been  inserted   among  the  sketches  of  citi- 
zens of  this  township.] 

John  Boyd,  son  of  Samuel  Boyd,  Sen.,  settled,  in  1812,  on 
Green's  Fork,  two  miles  east  of  the  p)resent  town  of  Jackson- 
burg.  He  married,  in  1819,  Susan  Scott,  daughter  of  Alexan- 
der Scott,  and  is  the  father  of  thirteen  children  :  Samuel  S., 
Sarah  A.,  Xelson,  Cynthia,  who  died  in  infancy  ;  AVilliam  A., 
who,  as  Major  of  the  84th  Indiana  volunteers,  was  killed  in 
the  late  war,  at  Tunnel  Hill,  Georgia ;  Eliza  J.,  John  F., 
James  W.,  Joseph  L.,  a  private  soldier  in  tlie  57th  Indiana 
volunteers,  wdio  died  soon  after  the  battle  of  Pittsburg  Land- 
ing, from  exposure  in  the  lield  ;  Oliver  C,  Mary,  Martha,  and 
Susan  ;  all  of  whom  were  married,  exce[)t  Oliver  C,  who  still 


452  HISTORY   OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 

resides  with  his  parents.  In  1857,  John  Boyd  sold  his  farm 
and  removed  to  Dublin,  where  he  and  his  wife  now  reside, 
aged,  respectively,  82  and  71  years.  Four  of  his  sons  and  two 
sons-in-law  enlisted  in  the  Union  army  during  the  late  war ; 
and  three  of  the  number,  two  sons  and  one  son-in-law,  laid 
down  their  lives  in  defense  of  their  country. 

William  B.  Enyeart  was  born  in  Butler  county,  Ohio,  in 
1820,  and  came  to  Cambridge  City  in  1847,  about  the  time 
of  the  completion  of  the  Whitewater  Valley  Canal.  He  was 
one  of  the  firm  of  Port  &  Enyeart  elsewhere  mentioned  as 
having  established  the  wholesale  ^grocery  trade.  [Page  249.] 
He  has  until  recently  resided  at  that  place,  where  he  was  for 
many  years  actively  engaged  in  several  kinds  of  business,  mer- 
cantile and  manufacturing.  He  served  with  credit  as  a  soldier 
in  the  war  with  Mexico.  He  was  married,  in  1850,  to  Elvina, 
a  daughter  of  Wm.  Port.  Mrs.  E.  and  an  infant  son  both 
died  in  1851 ;  and  in  1853,  he  married  Mary  Jane,  also  a 
daughter  of  Wm.  Port.  This  wife  died  March  25,  1869, 
leaving  three  children,  William,  Thomas,  and  Sarah  F.  Mr. 
Enyeart  married,  January  22,  1871,  for  his  third'  wife,  Mrs. 
Martha  Webbert,  a  daughter  of  Emsley  Hoover,  and  relict 
of  John  Webbert,  of  Jacksonburg,  where  E.  now  resides, 
and  is  engaged  in  farming,  stock  raising,  and  the  real  estate 
business.  He  occupies  a  prominent  position  in  the  Masonic 
order,  and  has  taken  an  active  part  in  getting  up  the  Masonic 
Mutual  Benefit  Association. 

Isaac  Vohe,  from  Harford  county,  Md.,  settled  in  the  woods 
3|  miles  north-east  from  Richmond,  on  Middle  Fork,  on  the 
farm  now  owned  by  Clarkson  Strawbridge.  In  1830,  he  re- 
moved to  Richmond;  and  in  1846  to  Dublin,  wdiere  he  died 
in  1862,  aged  about  79  years.  He  had  eight  children,  four 
born  in  Maryland,  and  four  in  Wayne  county.  The  four 
younger  ones  died  of  putrid  sore  throat  in  the  fall  of  1830 
A  daughter  died  some  years  later.  There  are  now  living  one 
son,  Jacob,  for  many  years  a  merchant  and  farmer  at  Dub- 
lin ;  Ruth,  wife  of  Solomon  Horney,  of  Richmond  ;  and  Eliza, 
wife  of  Solomon  Gause,  in  Waynesville,  Warren  county,  Ohio. 


SUPPLEMENT,  453 


WEBSTEE. 


The  board  of  coiinty  commissioners,  consisting  of  Oliver  T. 
Jones,  Anclress  S.  "Wiggins,  and  William  Brooks,  at  their  last 
session,  held  in  December,  1871,  laid  off  a  new  township, 
taken  from  the  townships  of  Center,  Green,  Xew  Garden, 
and  Wayne.  Its  inhabitants  have  since  given  it  the  name  of 
Webster,  which  is  also  the  name  of  the  post-office  at  its  busi- 
ness center,  now  generally  called  "Dover,"  lying  on  the  line 
between  jSTew  Garden  and  Center.  This  little  town,  when  laid 
out,  many  years  ago,  was  named  Fairfax,  and  is  still  so  named 
on  the  latest  county  map.  This  township  is  about  41-  miles 
in  length,  east  and  west,  and  SJ  miles  wide ;  containing  an 
area  of  nearly  15  square  miles.  Of  this  territory,  6  square 
miles  were  taken  from  Center  ;  3  from  Green  ;  about  Sy-  from 
New  Garden  ;  and  2J  from  Wayne.  Chiswell  Coggeshall  was 
appointed  trustee  of  the  township;  Samuel  Roberts,  assessor; 
,  justice  of  the  peace. 


454  HISTORY    OF   WAYNE    COUNTY. 


COEEECTIONS. 


Green  TowxsHip. — On  page  224,  Richard  Lewis  is  said  to  have  taught  the 
first  school.     It  was  Joseph  Lewis,  as  stated  in  his  sketch,  page  230. 

Harrison  Township. — On  page  233,  Elias  Scott  is  said  to  have  been  a 
son  of  John  Scott,  deceased,  and  to  have  died  in  the  township.  Elias  is 
grandson  of  John  Scott,  deceased,  and  son  of  James,  deceased,  and  re- 
sides on  the  homestead  of  his  father,  as  stated  on  page  242. 

Richmond. — Page  400.  The  number  of  bricks  laid  in  the  "Old  White- 
water meeting-house,"  is  stated  at  66,000.     The  number  was  266,000. 


TERRITORIAL  AND  STATE  GOVERNORS. 

Governor  of  the  Territory  North-ivest  of  the  Ohio. — Arthur  St.  Clair,  from 
October  5,  1787,  to  July  4,  1800. 

Governors  of  Indiana  Territory. — William  H.  Harrison,  from  July  4, 
1800,  to  1812.  John  Gibson,  acting  governor,  from  1812  to  1813.  Thomas 
Posey,  from  March  3,  1813,  to  November  7,  1816. 

Governors  of  the  State  of  Indiana. — Jonathan  Jennings,  from  November 
7,  1816,  to  December  4,  1822.  William  Hendricks,  from  December  4, 
1822,  to  February  12,  1825.  James  B.  Ray,  acting  governor,  from  Febru- 
ary 12,  1825,  to  December  7,  1825.  James  B.  Ray,  governor,  from  Decem- 
ber 7,  1825,  to  December  7,  1831.  Noah  Noble,  from  December  7,  1831,  to 
December  6,  1837.  David  Wallace,  from  December  6,  1837,  to  December 
9,  1840.  Samuel  Bigger,  from  December  9,  1840,  to  December  6,  1843. 
James  Whitcomb,  from  December  6,  1843,  to  December  26,  1848.  [Lieut- 
enant-governor Paris  C.  Dunning,  acting  governor,  to  December  6,  1849.] 
Joseph  A.  Wright,  from  December  6,  1849,  to  January  12,  1857.  Ashbel 
P.  Willard,  from  January  12,  1857,  to  January  1,  1861.  Henry  S.  Lane, 
inaugurated  January  1,  1861 ;  was  a  few  days  after  elected  United  States 
senator.  Oliver  P.  Morton,  lieutenant-governor,  served  to  January, 
1865.  Oliver  P.  Morton,  inaugurated  January,  1865,  was  soon  elected 
United  States  senator.  Conrad  Baker,  lieutenant-governor,  served  to 
January,  1869.     Conrad  Baker,  present  incumbent,  from  January,  1869. 

Members   of   Constitutional  Conventions  from   Wayne  County. 

Convention  of  1816. — Jeremiah  Cox,  Joseph  Holman,  Jeremiah  Meek, 
Patrick  Beard. 

Convention  of  1850. — John  S.  Newman,  James  Rariden,  Othniel  Bee- 
son,  John  Beard,  son  of  Patrick  Beard. 


ADDITIONAL  NUTKS  AND  COKKE(  TloNS. 

Page  88.  The  office  of  Coimty  Auditor  was  eslalili.-lied  as  early  as  IMl,  l.y  act 
of  the  legislature.  The  official  term  was  five  years.  Francis  Kiiiff.-erved  one  term; 
Thomas  Adams  two  terms — in  all,  fourteen  years.  Probably  the  second  term  of 
Adams  was  cut  short  one  year  by  the  adoption  of  tlie  constitution  of  IS.'d,  by  wliicii 
the  term  is  fixed  at  four  years. 

P.  91.  The  Kemofra^iV  i/e/oW  was  established  in  .July,  1S7(),  l.y  .lohn  Kndsley, 
of  Abington  township,  and  "William  Thistlethwaite,  jr.,  of  ^^■aylu•:  .lanus  KhKr 
being  principal  edit(jr  until  the  dtalh  of  Mr.  End.-ley,  in  iKccnilur,  ls7n.  Mr. 
Thistlethwaite  is  at  present  sole  proprietor. 

P.  93.     The  Independent  Pies^,  in  Centreville,  was  started  by  Nathan  Siaiiton. 
P.  100,  101.     Judgment   for  the   lescued    slave   was  S1,(.M»,    c<  sts   about    S.j(  0. 
William  Bulla  paid  about  81,000. 

P.  228.  John  Green's  family.  Nancy,  wife  of  George  W.  Prittan,  not  he,  died 
in  Iowa.      Wijalt,  not  Wygatt,  is  the  name  of  a  son  of  John  (ireen. 

P.   23S.     Isaac  N.  Beard  was  born  in  Indiana,  not    North   Carolina;   was  married 
March  21,  1833.     Matilda,  given  as  the  name  of  a  daughter,  should  be  Mnlinil.i. 
P.  241.     John  Kepler's  oldest  son  is  Orestes  ^/c«?((/e;. 
P.  250.     Samtiel  II.  Hoshour,  Druggist,  not  S.  P.  Hoshour. 
P    258.     Samtiel  II.  Hoshour,  not  Samuel  K.,  was  editor  of  the  Item. 
P.  269.     Nimrod  II.  Johnson's  first  son  was  Henry  L",  not  Henry  N. 
P.  271,  272.     Thomas  and  Eli,  [p.  272,]  are  sons  of  John,  and  grandsons  of  Aaron 
Morris,  who  had  but  five  childien,  of  whom  the  3d  wa.s  George,  who  married  Khoda 
Frampton,   and  died   at   Miltcn,  in   1843;  4th,  Elizabeth ;  5th,  Mary,  wife  of  Joi'l 
Brewer,  and   resides   in   Wabash  County.     Elizabeth  had  no  children.     William, 
Joseph  and  Edith,  are  brothers  and  sister  of  Matthew  Ferris,  and  childien  of  John 
Ferris.     Jason,  son  of  Samuel   Moriis,  is  mentioned   twice.     He  resides  in  Henry 
County,  1^  miles  from  Dublin. 

P.  299.     Wm.  Hough's  first  wife  was  Kezia  Hufl',  not  Katy. 

P.  323.  Of  the  persons  named  as  early  preacheis  of  the  first  Milford  Meeting, 
the  last  three,  Benjamin  and  Loui.-a  Fulghum,  and  John  Mihs.  should  have  bten 
designated  as  present  preachers. 

P.  333.     Ann^trony  Grimes,  not  Anthony. 

P.  339.     Not  Wm.  Bulla,  but  his  wife,  was  a  member  of  the  society. 
P.  342.     John  M.  Hawkins,  another  son  of  Jonathan— name  omitted. 
P.  352.     Charles  Moffitt's  wafe,  sister  of  Jeremiah  Cox,  Jun. 
P.  353.     Hugh  Moffitt  married  Sarah  Childre,  not  Mary. 
P.  354.     Enoch  Kaiishack's  wife  was  daughter  of  William,  not  Jacob  Fouts. 
P.  360.     D.  P.  HoUoway  resigned  the  office  of  Clerk,  November,  1843,  and  was 
succeeded  by  Wm.  W.  Lynde.     Wm.   A.  Bickle  was  elected  January,  1846;  B.  W. 
Davis,  January,  1848;  W.  W.  Austin,  January,  1859;  P.  P.  Kirn,  January,  18(Ui. 

P.  370.  Henry  Burnhani,  meaning  Dunham,  again  mentioned  below,  came  to 
Richmond  in  1819. 

P.  390.     Howard  &  Grubbs.     7,<flf(c  R.  Howard,  not  John  R. 
P.  416.     Daniel  B.  Crawford's  family.     Eliza  J.,  not  Elijah  .1. 
P.  419.     Jonas  Gaar's  family.     Emeline  married  II.  N.  Land,  not  Lamb. 
P.  420.     Daniel    W.   Iliatt    was   marritd    but   once,     (inlielma   Sanders  was  tl.e 
second  wife  of  Eleazer  Hiatt. 

P.  431.     Wm.  Wright  was  son,  not  brother,  of  John  Wright,  merchant,  Milton. 
P.  433.     Mary  Ann,  daugliter  of  Daniel  Eeid.  married  Franklin  I'.  Uand.dl. 
P.  437.     Wife  of  Joseph  W.  Starr  was  Eliza  Burr,  not  Alid.i. 
P.  440.     Achilles  AVilliams'  grandfather  moved  to  North   Carolina   in    17.'.1    or 
1752,  not  1851  or  1852. 


INDEX 


Abin2;ton  township,  history  of,  144. 

Agriculture,  early,  51.  State  board  of.  112.  First  county  agricultural  society, 
111.  Cambridge  City  district  society,  112.  AVayno  county  joint  stuck 
agricultural  association,  114.  Eichmond  horticultural  society,  114.  llich- 
niond  industrial  association,  410. 

America,  discovery  and  early  settlement  of,  17. 

Antislavery  liistory  :  Log  convention,  and  election  of  Jonathan  Jennings  to 
Congress,  94.  Antislavery  societies,  petitions  to  Congress,  and  parties, 
96.     Society  in  Kichinond,  98  ;  antislavery  county  nominations,  99. 

Auditors  of  county,  list  of,  88. 

Bedsteads,  early,  description  of,  35. 

Benevolent  associations:   Children's  Homo,  408;  Home  for  the  Friendless,  409. 

Block-houses  and  forts,  in  time  of  war,  75. 

Boston  township,  history  of,  151. 

Bread,  ditferent  kinds  of,  in  early  times;   difficult}-  in  obtaining  it,  39-42. 

Cabins,  log,  their  structure  and  internal  arrangements,  33-6. 

Center  township,  historj'  of,  161. 

Cessions  of  western  lands  to  general  government,  19. 

Clark,  George  R.,  expeditions  of,  against  the  Indians,  18. 

Clay  township,  history  oi",  195. 

Clearing  land,  modes  of,  37. 

Cooking  in  early  times,  49. 

Corn,  destruction  of;  squirrel  hunts,  44;   mode  of  harvesting   and   husking, 

54,  55. 
County,  Wayne  [see  Wayne  County],  officers,  lists  of,  86-9. 
Crist,  Henry,  trial  and  execution  of,  123. 

Dalton  township,  history  of,  204. 

Dane,  Nathan,  author  of  ordinance  of  1787,  19. 

Deer-hunting,  description  of,  46. 

Dogs,  killing  sheep,  how  detected,  48. 

Education  and  early  schools,  68. 
England,  colonies  planted  by,  18. 

Fare  of  early  settlers,  39. 
Flax,  culture  and  manufactures  of,  55. 
France,  claims  of,  to  American  territory,  18. 
Franklin  township,  history  of,  211. 

Friends  [see  Histories  of  the  townships  and  Richmond],  imprisonment  of, 
during  the  war  of  1812,  76. 

Goods,  merchants',  prices  of,  and  of  farmers'  produce,  62,  63,  77,  78. 

Green  township,  history  of,  221. 

Grinding  grain,  different  modes  of,  40;  difficulties  attending,  53. 


456  INDEX. 

Harrison,  Wm.  H.,  appointed  governor  of  Indiana  territory,  23. 

Hariison  township,  history  of,  231. 

Hog  hunts,  description  of,  45. 

Horticulture:  Kichniond  horticultural  society,  114;  Cascade  garden  and 
nursery;  Sylvan  Heights,  449;  Cambridge  City  flower  and  plant  nursery, 
253. 

Household  manufactures,  55;  itinerant  spinsters,  57;  family  dyeing  and  tailor- 
ing, 58.     Tanning  and  shoemaking,  59. 

Imprisonment  of  Friends  during  the  war  of  1812,  76. 

Indiana,  territory  of,   formed,  23;  slavery  in,  23;  early  criminal  code,  and 

division  of,  25;   admission  of,  as  a  state,  and  its  boundaries,  26. 
Indians,  leagued  with  the  British,  18;  lands  ceded  by,  23;  alarms  and  murders 

by  72-4;   Harrison's  campaign  against,  74. 
Innkeepers'  charges  fixed  by  county  commissioners,  84. 
Internal  improvements:    National  and  turnpike  roads,  107,  108;  canals,  108; 

railroads,  110. 

Jackson  township,  history  of,  243;  East  Germantown,  244;  Cambridge  City, 

248;  Dublin,  262. 
Jefferson  township,  history  of,  272. 
Judges,  list  of,  appointed  and  elected,  87. 

Julian,  Eebecca,  letter  of,  on  customs,  &c.,  of  pioneer  life,  66. 
Justices  of  the  peace,  list  of,  89. 

Lands,  government  prices  of,  and  forfeiture  of  by  settlers,  79. 
Leather,  early  mode  of  tanning,  59. 

Life  in  the  Twelve  Mile  Purchase,  from  1810  to  1814,  66. 
Log-rollings,  description  of,  39. 

Louisiana,  purchase  and  division  of,  and  temporary  annexation  to  Indiana 
territory,  24. 

Moats,  different  kinds  of,  eaten  by  settlers,  43. 

Michigan,  territory  of,  formed,  24. 

Mills,  early,  28,  31,  32;  style  and  cost  of  early  grist-mills,  42. 

Morgan's  invasion  in  the  war  of  the  rebellion,  135. 

Morton,  Oliver  P.,  speech  of,  at  "old  settlers'  meeting,"  115;  sketch  of,  189. 

New  England,  soil  of,  granted  to  Plymouth  company,  17, 

New  Garden,  history  and  early  settlement  of,  289. 

Newspapers,  in   Kichmond,  90;  at  Centerville,  92,   172;  at  Cambridge   City, 

257;  at  Newport,  297. 
North-western  territory,  formation  of,  19;  division  of,  23, 

Old  settlers'  meetings:    Meeting  of  1869,  speeches  at,  and  exhibition  of  curi- 
osities, 115-123. 
Ordinance  of  1787,  forming  North-western  territory,  19. 

Pastures,  native,  and  wood  ranges,  for  cattle  and  hogs,  44. 

Peace,  treaty  of  with  Indians,  at  Greenville,  Jul}',  1814,  76. 

Perry,  James,  president  of  old  settlers'  meeting  in  1869,  115. 

Perry  township,  settlement  and  history  of,304-313. 

Pioneer  life,  reflections  on,  64. 

Pitt,  Hampshire,  trial  and  execution  ;  body  rescued  by  C.  Koddy,  124. 

Population  of  Wayne  county,  138. 

Post-ofBces  and  postmasters  of  Wajme  county,  140. 

Preachers  in  boots,  in  early  times,  anecdotes  of,  60. 

Prices  of  goods,  produce,  labor,  and  land,  77. 

Property,  real  and  personal,  valuation  of,  and  taxes,  139. 


INDEX.  457 

Eainos,  William,  u  boy,  shouting  of  a  wolf  Ly,  45. 

Recorders  of  county,  list  of,  88. 

Keligious  societies,  71.     [8ee  Histories  of  townships  and  liichrnond.] 

Kichmond.     [See  Contents,  yiago  xv.] 

lloddy,  Christoi)her,  rescues  the  body  of  Ilaniiishire  Pitt,  125. 

St.  Clair,  Arthur,  first  governor  of  Nortli-we>tern  territory,  20  :  his  ro-i^na- 
tion,  22. 

School-houses  and  schools,  description  of,  G8. 

Settlements,  early,  by  Holman,  line,  and  others,  27;  Hoover  families,  and 
others,  on  Middle  Fork,  and  about  Kichmond,  28-31;  on  West  Fork,  32; 
by  Bulla,  Davenport,  and  the  Foutses,  32;  Endsleys,  Coxes,  and  Hunts, 
144. 

Settlers,  condition  of,  after  the  war;  prices  of  goods,  produce,  and  labor;  for- 
feiture of  lands,  77-9. 

Sheriffs,  list  of,  88. 

Shoemaking,  in  families,  59. 

Slavery,  eflf'orts  to  establish  in  Indiana  territory,  24. 

Slaves,  fugitive,  rescue  of  in  Richmond,  100;  case  of  Wm.  Bush,  101. 

Sugar,  maple,  making  of,  described,  61. 

Taxes,  how  levied  in  early  years;  progress  of  increase,  139. 

Temperance  cause,  history  of,  103-G. 

Tippecanoe,  battle  of,  with  the  Indians,  in  1811,  74. 

Township.*,  organization  and  officers  of,  183,  184. 

Treasurers  of  county,  list  of,  88. 

Treaties  with  the  Indians,  21,  23,  27,  76. 

Twelve  Mile  Purchase,  date  and  description  of,  26. 

War  of  the  relicllion,  history  of,  126,  &c. 

Washington  township,  formation  and  settlement,  83,  314. 

AVayne,  Anthony,  governor  of  North-western  territory,  22. 

Wayne  county,  early  settlement  of,  27-30;   its  formation  and  organizat'on, 

'27-30,  80;'  location  of  the  county  seat,  81-3. 
Wayne  township,  formation  of,  80,  81,  331. 
Western  lands  ceded  to  the  general  government,  19. 
Wheat,  raising,  harvesting,  threshing,  and  cleaning  of,  51-3. 
Whipping,  a  legal  punishment  in  Indiana,  25,  126. 
Wild  animals,  46. 
Wolves,  trapping  of,  47  ;  bounties  on  scalps,  83. 


INDEX  OF  NAMES. 


NAMES    OP    PERSONS  AND  THE    NUMBERS    OF    THE    PAGES  REFERRING  TO 
THEIR   RESPECTIVE    BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES. 


Addleman,  John  M. 
Addleman,  William, 
Atkinson,  John,  . 

Baldridge,  Samuel, 
Barnes,  John, 
Baxter,  William, 
Beall,  William,    . 
Beard,  John,    . 
Beard,  Mary, 
Beard,  Isaac  N. 
Beard,  Thomas,    . 
Beard,  John,     . 
Beeson,  Benjamin, 
Beeson,  Othiiiel, 
Beitzell,  Henry,  . 
Bell,  William, 
Bennett,  Thomas  W 
Blanchard,  William, 
Bloomfield,  Lot,  . 
Bond,  Jesse, 
Booker,  Samuel  N". 
Bowen,  Joseph, 
Bowman,  Benjamin 
Bowman,  David, 
Boyd,  Samuel, 
Boyd,  Samuel  K. 
Boyd,  John, 
Boyd,  Samuel  S. 
Bradbury,  Abner  M 
Bradbury,  Daniel, 
Bryan,  Henry,      . 
Bulla,  Thomas, 
Bulla,  William,  . 
Bulla,  Joseph  M. 
Burfijess,  James  P. 
Burk,  Lewis,    . 
Burroucrhs,  Charles. 


Chamness,  William, 
Charles,  Samuel, 
Cheeseman,  Nehemiah 
Coffin,  Elijah,       . 
Comer,  Stephen, 
Commons,  David, 
Commons,  Robert, 
Commons,  William 


217 
218 
194 

284 
337 
337 
195 
237 
237 
238 
325 
326 
327 
328 
285 
411 
411 
412 
173 
202 
173 
285 
285 
286 
238 
227 
451 
266 
239 
203 
174 
338 
339 
158 
158 
413 
210 

210 
340 
286 
413 
174 
176 
174 
175 


Conley,  John  J. 
Cox,  Jeremiah,     . 
Cox,  Jeremiah,  Jun. 
Crawford,  Daniel  B. 
Crawford,  William, 
Cull,  Hugh, 

Davis,  Benjamin  W. 
Davis,  Joseph, 
Dean,  Frederic, 
Druley,  Nicholas, 
Dye,  William, 

Eliason,  Joshua,  . 

Finch,  Cyrus,   . 
Finley,  John, 
Foland,  Valentine,  . 
Foulke,  William  W. 

Gaar,  Abraham, 
Gaar,  Jonas, 
Grave  families. 
Green,  John, 

Haines,  Abraham,    . 
Ham,  Jason, 
Hannah,  Samuel, 
Harris,  Benjamin, 
Harris,  Obadiah, 
Hawkins,  William, 
Hawkins,  John,  Sen. 
Hawkins,  John,  Jun. 
Hawkins,  Nathan,    . 
Hawkins,  Amos, 
Hiatt,  Benajah, 
Hiatt,  Jesse, 
Hiatt,  William, 
Hiatt,  Eleazar,    . 
Hibberd,  James  F.  . 
Hill,  Benjamin,  . 
Hill,  Robert,     . 
Holman,  George, 
Holman,  Joseph, 
Holloway,  David  P. 
Hoover,  Andrew.     . 
Hoover,  David,    . 


ISDEX    OF    NAMES. 


459 


Hoover,  Frederic,     . 
Hoover,  H(MU-v,    . 
Hoover,  Henry,  of  CI 
Hoshour,  Samuel  K. 
Hosier,  Lewis,  . 
Hougl),  Jonuthnn, 
Hough,  William,      . 
Hubbard,  Jeremiah, 
Hubbard,  Kichard  J. 
Hunt,  Charles,     . 

Johnson,  Ezekiel,     . 
Johnson,  Nathan, 
Johnson,  Nimrod  H. 
Jones,  Levi  3L     . 
Jones,  Oliver  T. 
Julian,  Isaac, 
Julian,  Jacob  B. 
Julian,  George  W. 
Julian,  Isaac  H. 

Kepler,  John, 
Kepler,  Peter, 
Kibbey,  John  C. 
Kibbey..John   F. 
King,  Jesse, 
King,  John, 
Kin  ley,  Isaac, 
Kinley,  Isaac,  Jun. 

Lewis,  John, 
Lewis,  Joseph, 
Locke.  AVilliam,  . 
Lyle,  John  S. 

McClure.  Nathaniel, 
McCoy,  Thomas, 
McGrew,  William, 
Mansur,  Jeremy, 
Martin,  John, 
Martin,  Benjamin  L. 
Mason,  John, 
Meek  families, 
Mendenhall,  James  R. 
Meredith,  Seilomon, 
Miner,  Noah  W. 
Moffitt,  Cliarles, 
Moffitt,  Hugh,      . 
Moore,  Charles  H. 
Morris,  Aaron, 
Morrisson,  llohert, 
Morton,  Oliver  P. 

Newman,  John  S. 

Ogburn,  Samuel, 
Osborn,  Charles, 


Parrv,  Ji; 


Parry,  William, 
Peelle,Jnhn, 
Peclle,  William  A.. 


■MS 
348 
203 
2137 
240 
21)9 
209 

329 
149 


20S 
209 
180 
181 
181 
183 
185 
187 

241 
241 
194 
194 
187 
188 
241 
242 

229 
229 
312 
422 

350 
189 
330 
188 
350 
351 
28G 
352 
423 
270 
271 
352 
353 
330 
271 
424 
189 

190 

203 
313 

353 
353 
300 
191 


Pennington,  Joel, 
Perkins.  Samuel  E. 
Perry,  James,  . 
Perry.  Oran, 
Personett,  Joseph, 
Pierce,  Isaac, 
PI ummer,  Joseph  P. 
Plummer,  John  T. 
Poe,  James  M. 
Pritchett.  John,   . 
Pu-h,  William, 


Railsback,  David, 

Railsback,  Enoch,     . 

liaridon,  Jamijs,  . 
I  Ratliif.  C<5rnelius, 
1  Ratliff,  Cornelius,  Jun 
j  Reeves,  Mark  E.       . 
I  Reeves,  James  E. 

Reid,  Daniel,    . 
I  Reid,  William  S. 

Robertson,  Moses,     . 

Rupe,  George  and  Henry 

Russell,  Samuel,  . 

I  Sailor,  John,     . 

Scott,  Andrew  F. 

Scott,  John, 

Shearon,  Caleb,    . 

Shinn,  !Miles  J. 

Shugart,  Geo.  and  Geo.,  Jun. 

Shute,  Samuel, 

Smith,  John,     . 
I  Smith,  John  W.   . 
I  Smith,  Peter,    . 
j  Starr,  Charles  W. 
!  Stigleman,  John, 

Stonebraker,  Adam, 

Study,  Henry,  . 

Test,  Charles  II. 
Thistlethwaite,  William, 
Thomas,  John,     . 
Thomas,  Francis, 
Tillson,  Luther,   . 

Ulrich,  John,   . 

Warner,  Ithamar, 
Wasson,  Joseph, 
Wasson,  John  Macamy, 
White,  James, 
White,  Joseph,    . 
Wiggins,  Daniel  P. 
William.s,  Achilles,       . 
Williams,  Jesse,       . 
Williams,  Jesse,  . 

Yaryan,  John, 
Young,  Thomas,  . 
Young,  Thomas  N. 


331 

426 
426 
426 
230 
288 
427 
428 
430 
192 
192 

150 
354 
192 
355 
355 
431 
432 
433 
433 
288 
193 
194 

434 
434 
242 
435 
355 
300,  301 
.  356 
435 
272 
150 
436 
193 
289 
231 

193 
357 
301 
303 
219 


437 
357 
437 
220 
358 
438 
439 
194 
439 


441 
160 
440 


/