<H o^ ^July 1
THE COLOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAG
The Road to CoCo Wizar
V>4
A I
Predict the Outcome of
the Political Conventions
Master ML Programming and
Cartooning CoCo-Style
Magically
Disconnect
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Games,
, and
ot More!
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££**
Sept-
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From Computer Plus to YOU
T
after
T
after
I
»a
.ViVfiV
Tandy 1400 LT $1239
Tandy 102 24K $379
Tandy 200 24K $429
Color Computer 3
W/128K Ext. Basic $145'
Tandy 1000 HX $539
Tandy 1000 TX $889
' '''■•'If ^ ji .
DMP-130A $269-
Color Computer Disk Drive
Drive $ 249 Drive 1 $ 1 49
DMP-106 $169
BIG SAVINGS ON A FULL COMPLEMENT OF RADIO SHACK COMPUTER PRODUCTS
COMPUTERS
Tandy 1000 HX 1 Drive 256K 539.00
randy 1000 TX 1 Drive 640K 889.00
Tandy 1000 SX 1 Drive 384K 499.00"
Tandy 3000 HL 1 Drive 512K 1129.00
Tandy 4000 1 Drive 1 Meg. Ram 1959.00
PRINTERS
Radio Shack DMP-106 80 CPS 169.00
Radio Shack DMP-130A 120 CPS 269.00"
Radio Shack DMP-440 300 CPS 549.00
Radio Shack DWP-230 Daisy Wheel349.00
Tandy LP-1000 Laser Printer 1699.00
Star Micronics NX-1000 144 CPS 229.00
Star Micronics NX-15 120 CPS 359.00
Panasonic P-1080i 144 CPS 199.00
Panasonic P-10911 194 CPS 249.00
Panasonic P-10921 240 CPS 349.00
Okidata 182+ 144 CPS 259.00
Okidata 192 + 200 CPS 359.00
Okidata 292 240 CPS 479.00
MODEMS
Radio Shack DCM-6 52.00
Radio Shack DCM-7 85.00
Practical Peripheral 2400 Baud 229.00
Practical Peripheral 1200 Baud 149.00
COLOR COMPUTER MISC.
Radio Shack Drive Controller 99.00
Extended Basic Rom Kit 14.95
64K Ram Upgrade Kit 39.00
Radio Shack Deluxe Keyboard Kit 24.95
HI-RES Joystick Interlace 8.95
Color Computer Deluxe Mouse 44.00
Multi Pak Interlace 89.00
Multi Pak Pal Chip (or COCO 3 14.95
CM-8 6' Extension Cable 19.95
Serial to Parallel Conv. 59.95
Radio Shack Deluxe Joystick 26.95
Magnavox 8515 RGB Monitor 329.00
Radio Shack CM-8 RGB Monitor 229.00"
Radio Shack VM-4 Green Monitor 99.00
PBJ 51 2K COCO 3 Upgrade 139.00
Tandy 512K COCO 3 Upgrade 149.00
Mark Data Universal Video Driver 29.95
COLOR COMPUTER SOFTWARE
TAPE DISK
The Wild West (CoCo3) 25.95
Worlds 01 Flight 34.95 34.95
Mustang P-51 Flight Simul. 34.95 34.95
Flight 16 Flight Simul. 34.95 34.95
COCO Util II by Mark Data 39.95
COCO Max II by Colorware 79.95
COCO Max III by Colorware 79.95
AutoTerm by PXE Computlng29.95 39.95
TelePatch III by Spectrum 29.95
TW-80 by Spectrum (CoCo3) 39.95
Telewriter 64 49.95 59.95
Elite Word 80 79.95
Elite Calc 3.0 69.95
CoCo3 512KRamDiskbyCerComp 19.95
Home Publisher by Tandy (CoCo3)35.95
Sub Battle Sim. by Epyx (CoCo3) 26.95
Thexder by Sierra (CoCo3) 22.45
Kings Quest III by Sierra (CoCo3) 31.45
Flight Sim. II by SubLogic (CoCo3)31.45
OS-9 Level II by Tandy 71.95
OS-9 Development System 89.95
Multi-View by Tandy 44.95
VIP Writer (disk only) 69.95
VIP Integrated Library (disk) 149.95
"Sale prices through 6/30/88
Prices are subject to change without
notice. Please call lor shipping charges.
Prices in our retail store may be higher.
Send tor complete catalog.
CALL TOLL FREE
1-800-343-8124
• LOWEST POSSIBLE PRICES
• BEST POSSIBLE WARRANTY
• KNOWLEDGEABLE SALES STAFF
• TIMELY DELIVERY
SHOPPING CONVENIENCE
com
^H ^y|
P.O. Box 1094
480 King Street
Littleton, MA 01460
SINCE 1973
IN MASSACHUSETTS CALL (617) 486-3193
TRS-80 is a registered trademark of Tandy Corp.
Fea4wes^
16
A New
Outlook for OS-9
Mark Roseman
Using subdirectories and
shell scripts to build an OS-9
menu system
28
One of Our Pool ^
Balls Must Be Crazy!
Bruce W. Ronald
A logic problem tester
34 H^
CoCo's %
Current Companion
Marc Campbell
A program editor lor
the CoCo 3
48
Set Your ^
Wheels to Spinning
Bill Bernico
Brush up your programming
creativity and show us
the result!
50
Cartooning
With CoCo
Logan Ward
A tutorial on creating
CoCo comics, and the
announcement ol an ongoing
cartoon-drawing contest
58
Escape ^
From Tut's Tomb
Chris McKernan
An action-packed arcade
game written in
machine language
93
Get the Picture? #
Al Elmer
A program enabling you to
view MacPaint picture files
on your CoCo
96 ^
Write III Plus '■#
Larry E. Bates
Add embedded printer
commands to
Write III
July 1988
Vol. VII No. 12
98
CoCo Mobile
The RAINBOW Staff
Our birthday present
— to you!
100
Machine ^
Language Made
BASIC
William P. Nee
First in a series ol tutorials
for the beginner to
intermediate machine
language programmer
110
Convention! ^
Leonard Hyre
A program to help you keep
track of voting at this year's
political conventions
118
Erase All Trace! ^
Jeremy Spiller
Free up more memory to run
long programs without
unplugging your disk drive
133
The Seventh
Year of Rainbow
Leslie A. Foster
An index to the articles,
programs, reviews and
authors of the past year
4 THE RAINBOW July U
I Nov i c e s N i ch e d
80
Cryptologist's Sidekick
Donald Kyllo
80
Novices Niche
Addendum: Cryptogram
Contest Results
82
Here Eagles Dare
Steve Caldwell
82
ML Addresses
Bill Bernico
83
CoCo 3 Green Screen
Blues
Charles F. Phillips
83
Guess Who?
Keiran Kenny
84
Looking for a Heartbeat
Wilmer B. Maxwell
85
May the Force Be With
You?
Travis Halbrook
86
BASIC Training
Joseph Kolar
"Thirty Days Hath
September"
146
CoCo Consultations
Marty Goodman
Just what the doctor ordered
150
Delphi Bureau
Cray Augsburg
Downloading problems.
Part 3 and Hutchison's
database report
154
Doctor ASCII
Richard Esposito
The question fixer
■•m
54
Education Notes
Steve Blyn
Practice in solving verbal
math problems
12
PRINT#-2,
Lawrence C. Falk
Editor's notes
I Product R e v ie w
Bix Pix 3/Tothian Software, Inc 124
Cartoonamator/CoCorron/cs Software 1 23
Computer Dictionary/Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc. 128
Domination//-//* WKSort 124
EZWriter/E.ZFf/end/y Software 127
Home Publisher/ Tandy Corporation 122
Hyper \/0/ Burke & Burke 130
Mr. Corey/Valkyrie Software 131
Stylograph/Sry/o Software, Inc 126
System5/Sun Products 129
THE RAINBOW is published every month of the year by FALSOFT, Inc., The
Falsoll Building, 9509 U.S. Highway 42. P.O. Box 385, Prospecl, KY 40059,
phone (502) 228-4492 THE rainbow. RAINBOWIesI and THE RAINBOW and
RAINBOWIesI logotypes are registered • trademarks ol FALSOFT. Inc. •
Second class postage paid Prospect, KY and additional offices. USPS N. 705-
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rainbow, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059. Authorized as second class
postage paid from Hamilton, Ontario by Canada Post, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
• Entire contents copyright e by FALSOFT, Inc., 1988. THE RAINBOW Is Intended
(or the private use and pleasure of its subscribers and purchasers and
reproduction by any means is prohibited. Use of information herein is for the
single end use of purchasers and any other use is expressly prohibited. All
programs herein are distributed in an "as is" basis, without warranty of any kind
whatsoever. • Tandy, Color basic, Extended Color BASIC and Program Pak are
registered « trademarks of the Tandy Corp. • Subscriptions to THE rainbow
are $31 per year in the United States. Canadian rates are U.S. $38. Surface mail
to other countries is U.S. $68, air mail U.S. $103. All subscriptions begin with
next available issue. • Limited back issues are available. Please see notice for
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American Express, cash, check or money order in U.S. currency only. Fuli
rotund allur mailing of one issue. A refund ot 10/12tha the subscription amount
after two issues are mailed. No refund after mailing of three or more magazines.
148
Turn of the Screw
Tony DiStefano
A project to fit two adapters
into your controller at the
same time
156 ^
Wishing Well ^
Fred Scerbo
Training in correct comma
sense
§-^ The cassette tape/disk sym-
^r bols beside features and col-
umns indicate that the program listings
with those articles are on this month's
RAINBOW ON TAPE and RAIN-
BOW on disk. Those with only the
disk symbol are not available on
rainbow on tape. For details,
check the rainbow on tape and
rainbow on disk ad on Page 104.
160 «V
Barden's Buffer "V
William Barden, Jr.
Can the CoCo learn?
174 A
KISSable OS-9 V
Dale L. Puckett
Sending the right signals
Advertisers Index
Back Issue Info
CoCo Cat
CoCo Gallery
Corrections
Hint
Letters to Rainbow
Maxwell Mouse
_192
_171
_ 50
_ 26
_159
-189
_ 6
_ 12
One-Liners _12, 94, 95, 131
Racksellers 1 90
Rainbow Info 14
Received & Certified 132
Scoreboard 90
Scoreboard
Pointers 92
Submitting Material
to Rainbow
The Rainbow
Subscription Info
_187
_188
Editor and Publisher
Lawrence C. Falk
Managing Editor Jutta Kapfhammer
Associate Editor Jody Gilbert
Reviews Editor Lauten Willoughby
Submissions Editor Angela Kapfhammer
Copy Editor Sue Fomby
Technical Editors Cray Augsburg,
Ed Ellers
Editorial Assistants Sue H. Evans,
Wendy Falk, Carolyn Fenwick
Contributing Editors
William Barden, Jr.,
Steve Blyn, Tony DiStelano,
Richard Esposito,
Martin Goodman, M.D.,
Joseph Kolar, Dale Puckett,
Fred Scerbo, Richard White
Art Director Heidi Maxedon
Designers Robert Hatfield, Jr.,
Denise Webb
Typesetter Jody Doyle
Falsoft, Inc.
President Lawrence C. Falk
General Manager Bonnie Frowenteld
Asst. General Mgr. for Finance
Donna Shuck
Admin. Asst. to the Publisher
Sarah Levin
Editorial Director John Crawley
Asst. Editorial Director Judi Hutchinson
Executive Editor James E. Reed
Senior Editor T. Kevin Nickols
Production Coordinator
Jim Cleveland
Chief Bookkeeper Diane Moore
Dealer Accounts Judy Ouashnock
Asst. General Manager For Administration
Sandy Apple
Word Processor Manager
Patricia Eaton
Customer Service Manager
Beverly Beardon
Customer Service Representative
Monica Wheat
Development Coordinator Ira Barsky
Chief ol Printing Services Melba Smith
Dispatch Tony Olive
Business Assistant Laurie Falk
Advertising Coordinator Doris Taylor
Advertising Representatives
Belinda Kirby, Kim Vincent
Advertising Assistant Debbie Baxter
(502) 228-4492
For RAINBOW Advertising and
Marketing Office Information,
see Page 192
Cover illustration copyright '' 1988
by Fred Crawford
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 5
t*tAe>
Editon
I would like to caution the CoCo Com-
munity about Trojan Horse, or virus, soft-
ware. Virus software is designed to be
unnoticenble when it is loaded from cassette
or disk into a computer, while it slowly
destroys the computer system. Viruses
automatically start to change the data inside
the computer. If a virus is in the computer
system when someone saves a program to
tape or disk, the virus "reproduces" by
copying itself with the program, leaving just
enough of itself to wreck the system.
Anyone with a computer at home, school
or office is at risk, as are the nation and the
world. Whole computer networks have been
terminated because of virus software. Imag-
ine what could happen if just one bank in
the U.S. became a victim to virus software!
One way to check for a virus intrusion is
to look at the lime and date tables for each
program on a disk (if these tables are
available to you). A virus will instantly
attack the time and date a program was
saved to disk.
I certainly hope that the CoCo Commu-
nity will be on the lookout for virus soft-
ware. If the Community can pull together,
maybe we can put an end to Trojan Horse
software.
Jamie Stafford
Norton, OH
HINTS & TIPS
Editor:
My CoCo 3 had an overheating problem
after I installed the 5I2K upgrade board.
First I was told to use a fan to cool the
computer. This seemed to solve my problem.
Then one day I turned on my computer and
got only a green screen. There was no sign-
on message and no keyboard response.
Pressing the reset button had no effect,
either.
I took the cover off and removed the 5I2K
RAM board, turned it over and noticed all
the joints were cold-soldered. I resoldered all
joints on the board, replaced it, and all is
well. I don't even need a fan anymore.
Brad Stein
Winnipeg. Manitoba
A Subroutine Change
Editor:
I have tested the Hi-Res Joystick Interface
ML subroutine [February 1988, Page 122]
on my CoCo 2. It works very well with a
simple one-byte change.
The first instruction is equivalent to the
high-speed poke. It doubles the clock speed
to make the routine more responsive. How-
ever, it is programmed for the CoCo 3,
which goes high-speed when poked at
&HFFD9. You must change it to &HFFD7.
Simply POKE &H7F02.&HD7 after the ML is
in memory. If you are loading from DATA
statements, change the third byte to D7.
Of course, the values returned are the
coordinates for the CoCo 3 Hi-Res screen,
which has 640 dots horizontally. To change
the X-value to correspond to a 256-dol
resolution, divide by 2, then set the result to
255 if it is greater.
If the high-speed clock causes any prob-
lems in your program (for example, if you
are using the printer), simply POKE
&HFFDG,0 after the subroutine call.
Duane M. Perkins
Ml. Gretna. PA
Text Fix
Editor:
I've noticed that TW-HO (my version
anyhow) won't load anything other than an
ASCII text file. This means it won't load an
ASCII BASIC program or anything else
without that filetype attribute.
I require this capability since I often
include samples of BASIC code in my corre-
spondence. I also consider il an annoying
restriction.
Here's a fix in case you have that problem,
too. Do this with a backup copy of your
configured TW-80 disk:
LOADM "DISKMENU"
PRINT (HEX$(PEEK(8.H228S) )
If the computer returns a 27, continue on:
Otherwise, slop now. since your version isn't
the same as mine.
If it returns 27 then
POKE &H2285,S.H20
SflVEM •'DISKMENU",«.H2000,
&H3B1B.&H2000 .... „, .
Mike Ward
Coral Gables. FL
Converting the CM-4 RGB
Editor:
Your readers should be aware that many
Radio Shack products are discontinued
each year and thai these SOWG (Sold Out
When Gone) items are offered at incredibly
reduced prices. For example, I bought a CD
player (Model 2200) lor $79!
I also picked up a CM-4 RGB monitor for
$59. This unit originally sold for $299. and
there may still be some around.
To convert it to a CoCo 3, you need to
order the CM-8 monitor cable from Tandy
National Parts (about $8). You also need the
nine-pin female connector 276-1538 ($2.49)
and hood 276-1539 ($1.99).
Hook up as follows:
CoCo 3 to CM-4
7
2
Ground
1
3
R
2
4
G
3
5
B
5
8
Vertical sync
6
9
Horizontal sync
The CM-4 doesn't have audio, bui for 60
bucks, who cares! The picture looks great!
Boh Ocean
Santa Rosa. CA
KUDOS
Editor:
Thanks to James A. Upperman for pro-
viding the excellent child protection pro-
gram in the April 1988 issue of the rainbow.
Such a program is desperately needed in the
world in which we live.
Using his example, the pediatrician for
whom my wife works has implemenied just
such a standardized form. I'm sure that
minor children everywhere will benefit.
Don Hutchison
Atlanta, GA
Support for the End User
Editor:
I recently had problems with two pro-
grams in your magazine. One was VCR
Tapes, by Randy Mayfield. from the De-
cember 1987 RAINBOW (Page 92). The other
was "Appointment Calendar" bv Bill Hol-
dorf (January 1988, Page 100). In both cases,
I was able to conlacl the authors and explain
my problems. Mr. Mayfield not only helped
correct the problem, he senl a copy of an
update. Mr. Holdorf also wits very helpful;
he, too, sent a copy of an update.
I recently sent for a program reviewed in
one of your earlier issues — TOMELA*Co's
Bowling League Secretary by Tom Bennett.
I was having trouble gelling it to print on
my D MP- 1 05 and contacted him. He
worked with me and now il prints just fine.
I am sure you receive many letters from
people saying the same things aboul other
authors. It seems that just about all who
publish or advertise a program in your
magazine, whether individual or small
company or large, seem to go the extra
couple of miles to be of help.
Lastly, thank you for a very "user-
friendly" magazine. I seem to go through my
copy each month faster and faster. I then
chomp at the bit until the next copy arrives.
Thank you. Mr. Mayfield, Mr. Holdorf, Mr.
Bennett and RAINBOW, for "making my
months."
Richard Mttllicane
Ranc/to Cordova. CA
INFO PLEASE
Editor:
I am a legally blind man with a cassette-
based CoCo 2, which I purchased for use
here at AEB (Arkansas Enterprises for the
Blind). I have bought the Speech/Sound
Pak to help me enter programs, with the
THE RAINBOW July 1988
AUTOTERM
TURNS YOUR COLOR COMPUTER INTO THE
WORLD'S O
SMARTEST TERMINAL!
YOU'LL ALSO USE AUTOTERM FOR SIMPLE
WORD PROCESSING & RECORD KEEPING
EXTRA FEATURES ON COCO 3 DISK
80 char, screen, 2400 baud thru serial port,
95,000 to 475,000 character buffer. "
EASY COMMUNICATION + WORD PROCESSING + TOTAL AUTOMATION
Full prompting and error checking.
Step-by-step manual has examples.
Scroll text backward and forward. No
split words on screen or printout.
Save, load, delete files while on line.
Print, save all or any part of text. 300
or 1200 baud. All 128 ASCII
characters. Works with D.C. Hayes or
any modem. Screen widths of 32, 40,
42, 51, 64.
DISK VERSION SUPPORTS RS232
PAK, XMODEM and SPLIT SCREEN
FOR PACKET RADIO.
Please hire the mentally retarded.
They are sincere, hard working and
appreciative. Thanks! _. „.
Phyllis.
Editing is super simple with the
cursor. Find strings instantly too!
Insert printer control codes. Specify
page size and margins. Switch
quickly between word processing
and intelligent terminal action. Create
text, correct your typing errors; then
connect to the other computer,
upload your text or files, download
information, file it, and sign-off; then
edit the receive data, print it in an
attractive format, and/or save it on
file. Compatible with TELEWRITER.
CASSETTE S29.95
DISKETTE S39.95
Add $3 shipping and handling
MC/VISA/C.O.D.
Advanced system of keystroke
macros lets you automate any
activity, such as dial via modem,
sign-on, interact, sign-off, print, save.
Perform entire session. Act as
message taker. At start-up, disk
version can automatically set
parameters, dial, sign-on, interact,
read/write disk, sign-off, etc. Timed
execution lets AUTOTERM work
while you sleep or play. No other
computer can match your COCO's
intelligence as a terminal.
PXE Computing
11 Vicksburg Lane
Richardson, Texas 75080
214/699-7273
hopes that il would allow me to type in lines
of a program and have it echo text and error
messages back to me. 1 am not able to read
listings of long programs and type at the
same time. Is there a machine language
program that will work like Echo on the
Apple?
I would also appreciate more information
on machine language programming and any
machine language projects to help me get
started on the 6906 E microprocessor. Radio
Shack has no books available on the subject,
I am ordering an assembler, bui I need more
than that. I need to see some ideas for
programs and possibly more tips and tricks.
Mike Dtdene
2811 Fair Park Boulevard
Little Rack. AR 72204
While it isn 't exactly what you are
looking/or, Mike, check out " Yakety-
Yak the CoCo Talks Back" (October
1987, Page 106). For assembly lan-
guage, we refer you to the TEPCO
advertisement for Assembly Lan-
guage Programming for the TRS-80
Color Computer and William Nee's
series on assembly language which
begins on Page 100 of this issue.
Patch Needed
Editor:
A couple of years ago I purchased a
graphics draw program called VIZI Draw
that was a fine value for its cost. It was sold
by GRAFX. P.O. Box 254-W. Mifflin. PA
15122. Since purchasing the CoCo 3. I have
not been able to run the program. I have
many important graphics pages saved and
would like to sec them again. Does anyone
know of a patch for this program?
I have not had any success contacting the
parent company. Perhaps it is no longer in
business. Any help would be appreciated. I
would very much like to buy the new CoCo
Max, but 1 just don't want to forget all the
graphics I have saved now.
Richard W. Zawatzke
6331 Taylor Ave.
Racine. Wl 53403
Converting the Stick
Editor:
Where can I get an Atari-lo-Color Com-
puter joystick adapter and how much will it
cost?
Clifford Lingle
7125 Glennwood
Overland Park. KS 66204
Copying Problems
Editor:
For some time now I have been looking,
with no success, for a way to print out a hard
copy of my Micro Illustrator files. One of
my biggest difficulties is having almost no
experience with OS-9. Is there any help for
me. or am 1 just out of luck?
Also, just this year I purchased a disk
drive; while converting my files to disk. I
encountered a few problems. I can't seem to
save Madness and the Minotaur. Raaka- Tit
or Pyramid. When I try, I get an error. I've
tried to save them with a terminal program,
but when I try to load each program back
to run it I get an KS Error. What do you
suggest?
Also. I'm having trouble copying some of
my ROM packs. I've followed the instruc-
tions from an older issue, but they don't
seem to work on Roman Checkers. Personal
Finance II and a few others. Is there any
other way?
Paul A. Pritchett
Pleasure Bay, Apt. 6
Long Branch. N.I 07740
CoCo Record-Keeping
Editor:
I own a small exterminating company
with about 75 customers. I would like some
information or help in getting a program like
some other exterminators' that is compati-
ble for my Color Computer.
I have the CoCo 3 with 5I2K memory,
two disk drives and a DMP-100 printer. I
like this computer and don't want to get rid
of il to get an IBM compatible, but due to
the amount of writing I do to keep records
and to fill out invoices and work orders, I
may have to go this route.
I really hope you can help me.
Michael S. Richnum
107-67 92nd Street
Ozone Park. N.I 1 1417
July 1988 THE RAINBOW
To BBS or not to BBS
Editor;
I am considering a hard disk and an auto-
answer multi-baud modem for my 5I2K
CoCo 3. I would like 10 sei up my system
as a 24-hour BBS. running under OS-9 Level
II. but I do not want to lose the use of it for
other things under OS-9. Also, I would like
to be able to tailor the BBS to my needs and
change it as 1 see the need. 1 would appre-
ciate any comments, suggestions and infor-
mation about software and hardware to
accomplish this.
Andrew Cozier
10213 19th S. W.
Seal lie. II VI 98146
PEN PALS
• I am 10 years old and looking for a pen
pal aged 7 through 15 who likes sports or
playing games on the computer. I have a
CoCo 3 and two disk drives.
Eddie Roginski
RDM. Box 216
Mertztown, PA 19539
• 1 have a CoCo 3. FD-501 disk drive.
D MP- 130 printer and a cassette recorder. I
am 14 years old and would welcome letters
from all over the world.
Frank Ferrara
27200 Santa Ana
Warren, Ml 48093
• I am 21 years old. have a CoCo 3, DMP-
106 printer and CCR-81 cassette recorder. I
am a Mexican student and wotdd like to
have pen pals from anywhere in the world.
Ubaldo Jimenez Yee
1933 D. Ave.
National Cily. CA 92050
• I would like to get to know some nice
people who want to be my pen pal. 1 have
a CoCo 3 with a Radio Shack disk system.
1 am 16 years old and I speak more French
than English.
Laurent Toulet
3655 Ridgwood
Apt. 406
Montreal, Canada
B3V1B4
• I'm 10 years old and have a CoCo 3 with
printer and disk drive. I would like to have
pen pals from all over the world.
Andrew Pinckston
Box 1228
Blind River, Ontario
Canada POR I BO
• I am basically a game and sports fanatic,
not much interested in technical or program-
ming stuff. I'm in my 30s and love to play
with my CoCo 2 and disks. I need some help
with some Adventures and will help you
with improving game scores. Write soon.
J.K. Glass
410 E. Park Ave.
Long Beach. NY 1 1561
• I'm 15 and have a CoCo 3 with a disk
drive, and I'm looking for pen pals (with a
CoCo 3 and disk drive) all over the world
(especially Canada). 1 love music, graphics
and Simulations! Also. I'll answer all letters.
Roderick Clark
15215 Chaser idge
Missouri City. TX 77489
• I would like to have some pen pals any-
where in the U.S. I am 14 years old and have
a 64K CoCo 2, a printer and a disk drive.
Andrew Cooper
311 Fern Drive
A tco. N. I 08004
• 1 am 16 vears old and would like pen pals.
I own a 64K CoCo 2. a 128K CoCo 3, two
FD-500 drives, a CM-8 monitor, Multi-Pak
Interface and DMP-105. I am interested in
OS-9. Oh, one thing: Piralers, don't waste
your stamps!
Heath Dingwell
RR 112. Box 230
Litchfield. CT 06759
• I am 36 years old and have the CoCo 2
with tape system. I just sent for the 64K
upgrade. This is all new to me, but I love it.
I would love to hear from pen pals of any
age.
Freda Finch
RFD #2. Box I40BI
Ellsworth. ME 04605
• I'm 42 years old and enjoy horsing around
with my computers, a Model III and a 64K
CoCo with two drives, a graphics pad,
DMP-105 and a Multi-Pak. I've done just
about everything to these puppies but paint
a sports stripe down the side of them. I know
some German and Spanish and a micro-
scopic bit of Russian and would like lo
correspond with anybody anywhere in any
of these languages. No parameter/ limits on
age.
Richard Oversireel
3724 Broadway. Apt. 605
Kansas City, MO 641 1 1
• I am 27 years old and have a CoCo 3. I
am interested in pen pals who would like to
develop strategy games for the CoCo 3. I
work as a graphics design artist.
David Rubright
1015 Muscatine Ave.
Iowa Ci iv. I A 53340
BULLETIN BOARD SYSTEMS
• You're standing at a guarded bridge. In the
distance you see an open market and beyond
that the walled city of Karian. As you stand
there a guard steps up and says. "What is thy
name?" That's how The Realm Adventure
System opens up. The Realm is a true
fantasy role-playing Adventure board using
software written specifically for this type of
board. You'd have to see it to appreciate the
uniqueness of the system. All users are given
instant access lo all features. The hours are
10 p.m. to 10 a.m. each day, plus additional
hours posted on the board. The system
supports 300 and 1200 baud and can be
reached at (513) 251-4472.
Floyd Rosier
2834 Lehman lid.
Cincinnati. OH 45204
• I am happv to announce the arrival of my
board. CoCo Brothers BBS (CBBBS Ver-
sion 2.1 A). It is currently running at 8-N-I,
300/ 1200 baud. Call between 9 p.m. and 9
a.m., C.S.T at (501) 562-4312.
Chris Bagnor
8701 1-30
Little Rock. A R 72209
• I would like to announce a new BBS in
the Marysville and Yuba City calling area.
09- On line BBS is my own BBS software
running under OS-9 on a 5I2K CoCo 3. It
is up 24 hours a day, 7 days a week at (916)
742-6835. The parameters for calling are 300
baud onlv with 8 bit. no parity and I stop
bit.
Jim Vestal
1100 E. 17th St. H4 1
Marysville, CA 95901
• I am running a CoCo BBS whose hours
are 9 p.m. to 6 a.m. seven days a week. Baud
rates are 300/ 1200. and the phone number
is (718) 335-4874.
Bob Zuckerman
P.O. Box 368
Jackson Heights. NY 11372-0368
• My system has been online since No-
vember 1985. System protocol includes a
baud rate of 300/1200/2400. 24 hours at 8-
N-l; 65.5 Mb disk space. Phone (608) 655-
3806 or (608) 274-6922.
The system operates on a Tandy 1000 and
supports all Tandy operating systems,
including the Color Computer.
The system also supports a very large
Ham Conference and is open to the public.
Francis Sel/e (SvsOp)
P.O. Box 514
Marshall. Wl 53559
• Announcing the birth of a new CoCo SIG
on Slarhase BBS. featuring a CoCo confer-
ence, large upload/download base, online
games and CoCo support! Call (806) 745-
9167.
Lance Johnston
3510 27th St.
Lubhock. TX 7941(1
THE rainbow welcomes letters to the
editor. Mail should be addressed to: Letters
to Rainbow, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. Letters should
include the writer's full name and address.
Letters may be edited for purposes of clarity
or to conserve space.
Letters to the editor may also be sent to
us through our Delphi CoCo SIG. From the
CoCo SIG> prompt, type RftI to take you
into the Rainbow Maga/ine Services area of
the SIG. At the RAINBOW> prompt, type
LET to reach the LETTERS> prompt and
then select Letters for Publication. Be sure
to include your complete name and address.
8
THE RAINBOW
July 1988
^Word ,
Power 3.1
(The Ultimate Word Processor for the CoCo 3)
■&&:
Power Unleashed! Unlike other word- processors. Word Power
3.1 is written from scratch for the CoCo 3. It bridges the gap between
"whatis" and"whatshouldbe" in word- processors Nootherword
processor offers such a wide array of features that are so easy to
learn and use.
DISPLAY
The 80- column display with true lowercase lets you view the full
width of a standard page All prompts are displayed in plain
English in neat colored windows (see display above). The
current column number, line number, page number and percentage
of free memory is displayed on the screen at all times The program
even displays the bottom margin perforation so you know where
one page ends and the other begins You can also change foreground/
background color of screen and select menu and carriage return
colors to suit your needs! Carriage returns can be visible or invisible
Word Power 3.1 runs at double clock speed and can be used with
RGB/ composite/ monochrome monitors as well as TV.
AVAILABLE MEMORY
No other word processor gives you so much memory. Word Power
3.1 gives you over 72K on a 128K machine and over 450K on a
51 2 K machine to store text
EDITING FEATURES
Word Power 3.1 has one of the most powerful and user- friendly
full- screen editors with word- wrap. All you do is type Word
Power 3.1 takes care of the text arrangement. It even has a built-in
Auto- Save feature which saves the current text to disk at regular
intervals; so you know that your latest version is saved to disk. Here
are some of the impressive editing features of Word Power 3.1:
Insert/Overstrike Mode (Cursor style changes to indicate mode);
OOPS recall during delete; Type- ahead buffer for fast typers; Key-
repeat (adjustable) and Key- click; Four- way cursor control and
scrolling; Cursor to beginning of text, end of text, beginning of line
end of line, top/bottom of screen, next/ previous word; Page up/
down; Delete character, previous/ next word, beginning/end of
line, complete line text before and after cursor; Locate/ Replace
with wild- card search with auto/ manual replace; Block Mark,
Unmark, Copy, Move and Delete; Line Positioning (Left/Center/
Right); Set/ Reset 120 programmable tab stops; Word count. Define
left, right, top and bottom margins and page length. You can also
highlight text (underline- with on-screen underlining, bold,
italics superscripts, etc). Word Power 3.1 even has a HELP screen
which can be accessed any time during edit.
JkJF
M1CROCOM SOFTWARE
RO. Box 214
Fairport, NY 14450
Phone (716) 223-1477
MAIL- MERGE
Ever try mailing out the same letter to 50 different people or sending
out several resumes? Could be quite a chore Not with Word Power
3.1. Using this feature, you can type a letter, follow it with a list of
addresses and have Word Power 3.1 print out personalized letters
It's that easy!
SAVING/ LOADING TEXT
Word Power 3.1 creates ASCII format files which are compatible
with almost all terminal, spell- checking and other word- processing
programs It allows you to load, save append and kill files and also to
create and edit Basic, Pascal, C and Assembly files You can select files
by simply cursoring through the disk directory. Supports double-
sided drives and various step rates
PRINTING
Word Power 3.1 drives almost any printer (DMP series EPSON,
GEMINI, OKIDATA, etc). Allows print options such as baud rates,
line spacing page pause partial print, page numbers, page number
placement, linefeed option, multi-line headers/ footers, right
justification and number of copies (see display above). The values
for these parameters and the margins can be changed anytime in the
text by embedding Printer Option Codes Word Power3.1 has the
WHAT YOU SEE IS WHAT YOU GET feature which allows you
to preview the text on the screen as it will appear in print. You can see
margins, page breaks justification and more
SPELLING CHECKER
Word Power 3.1 comes with a 50,000 word spelling checker/
dictionary which finds and corrects mistakes within your text. You
can add words to or delete from the dictionary or create a dictionary
of your own.
PUNCTUATION CHECKER
This checker will proofread your text for punctuation errors such
as capitalization, spaces after periods/ commas double words and
much more It's the perfect addition to any word processor.
DOCUMENTATION
Writing with Word Power 3.1 is a breeze Word Power 3.1 comes
with a well- written, easy- to- comprehend instruction manual which
will lead you step- by- step through the program.
Word Power3. 1 comes on an UNPROTECTED disk and is compatible
with RS DOS 1.0/1.1 and ADOS Only $79.95.
(Word Power 3 owners can get the 3.1 version by sending proof of
purchase and $10.00 to cover the cost of shipping and the manual.)
/ purchased your Word Power. It arrived in time for my
13 year old daughter to process her history fair project.
Word Power was easy to use and the features beat the
heck out of the other word processors we were using.
KBG Tallahassee / Florida
To Place Credit Card Orders Call Toll Free 1-800-654-5244 9 AM -9 PM EST 7 days a week
NY, Canada, Foreign Orders Information, Technical Advice and Order Status call 1-716-223-1477
All orders within Continental US shipped by UPS 2nd Day Air at no extra chaise.
VISA, MC AMEX, Cheek, MO. No CODs Please add$3.00 SSiH (USA & Canada), other countries $5.00 S&H. NYS residents please add sales tax
I PRINTtf - 2,
The
Dream
Machine
This is the 85th issue of THE RAINBOW. Seven years! What started out
as a part-time venture has, as you all know, become a more-than-
full-limc business.
And, yes, as a business we have to do all the things that businesses do
prepare budgets, meet deadlines, set up policies and the like. But
somehow, THE RAINBOW is different.
Someone once told me at a RAINBOWfest that it was a shame I could
run a business and still enjoy playing with my CoCo. I guess he was right,
and that is what makes this "different."
But there is something else, too. My mail will, I think, give you some
insight to what I'm talking about.
* * *
The first letter comes from Massachusetts and contains a clipping of a
newspaper article from The Berkshire Eagle of Pittsfield. It features a
picture of Fred Scerbo and announces that Fred has been named a recipient
of one of only seven statewide Distinguished Service Awards from the
state's Interscholastic Athletic Association.
Fred, you see, is an assistant wrestling coach. That is a volunteer job
at Drury High School, where Fred is a special needs teacher. As most of
you know, he is one of our regular columnists and has been for years.
We've visited by phone many times. Often, he has mentioned that he's
been working with this student or that on the CoCo, and how the computer
provided an interest in something other than "trouble" for scores of
youngsters in his area.
Indeed, it was the Color Computer that contributed to Fred's award.
He set up a program to do the time-consuming job of setting pairings for
wrestling tournaments. A number of associations in his area use those
pairings.
10 THE RAINBOW July 1988
COCO 3 UTILITIES GALORE
(All utilities support 40/80 columns for CoCo3)
(CoCo2 versions are available for most utilities)
SUPER TAPE/DISK TRANSFER
• Disk-to-Oisk Copy (1-3 passes) • Tape- to- Disk Copy • Tape- to- Disk Automatic Relocate • Disk-
to- Tape Copy • Tape- to- Tape Copy
Copies Basic/ML programs and DATA files CoCo 1, 2 & 3. 32 K Disk System (Disk to Disk Copy requires
64K). Disk Only S24.95
CoCo CHECKER
Something possibly wrong with your CoCo? CoCo Checker is the answer! Will test your ROMs RAMs, Disk
Drives & Controller, Printer, Keyboard. Cassette, Joysticks, Sound, PIAs, VDG, Internal Clock Speed, Multi-
oak Interlace and more! S24.95
DISK UTILITY 2.1 A
A multi- featured tool (or USER FRIENDLYdisk handling Utilize a directory window to selectively sort move,
renames kill file entries Lightning last Disk I/O lor formal copyS backup Single execution ol both Basics
ML programs 64 K DISK S29.95 NOW also CoCo III compatible! Upgrade only SI 5 w/prool of purchase.
COCO NEWSROOM
Now available for the CoCo III! You can design your own newspaper with Banner Headlines/6 articles using
sophisticated Graphics Fonts and Fill Patterns Comes with22 fontsS 50 pictures! Over 140 K of code Disk
onlyS49.95
MAILLIST PRO
The ultimate mailing list program Allows you to add, edit view, delete change sort(byzipcodeorname) and
print labels Its indispensible! Disk Only SI 9.95 (CoCo 2 version included)
DISK LABEL MAKER
Allows you to design professional disk labels! Allows elongated normal and condensed format for text
double-strike, border creation and multiple- label printing Its a MUST lor any user with a disk drive Disk
Only SI 9.95. Supports DMP 105/1 10/1 20/1 30/430, GEMINI. STAR EPSON and compatibles. (CoCo2
version included)
COMPUTERIZED CHECKBOOK
Why bother with balancing your checkbook? Let the CoCo do it for you! Allows you to add. view, search edit
change, delete and printout (in a table or individual entry format) checkbook entries Updates balance after
each entry. Allows files for checking saving and other accounts Disk Only SI 9.95 (CoCo 2 version
included)
BOWLING SCORE KEEPER
An excellent utility to keep track ol your bowling scores Allows you to save scores under individuals or
teams You can edit change, delete and compare scores A must for anyone who wants to keep track of his or
her bowling performance Disk SI 9.95 (CoCo 2 version included).
VCR TAPE ORGANIZER
Organize your videocassettes with this program! Allows you lo index cassettes by title, rating, type, play
time and comments Also allows you to sort titles alphabetically and view/print selected tapes If you own a
VCR this program is a must Disk Only SI 9.95 (CoCo 2 version included).
SCREEN DUMP
32, 40, 80 column text dump PM0DE4 Graphics Dump. Single Keystroke Operation allows
you to take snapshots of screens even when programs are running! Works on DMP's Epson
and GeminL CoCo 1, 2 and 3. Disk Only S24.95
HOME BILL MANAGER
Let the CoCo keep track of your bills Allows you to enter bills under various categories and
reminds you when they are due Disk Only. SI 9.95
CALENDAR MAKER afr.
Generate monthly calendars on your printer for any year in the 20th century. Disk Only. *<f£l''
SI 9.95
COCO UTIL II
(Latest Version): Transfer CoCo Disk files to IBM
compatible computer. Transfer MS-DOS files to
CoCa Reg 2- Drive IBM compatible S39.95
AD0S3
Advanced Disk Operating System for CoCo 3.
S34.95 ADOS S27.95
RGB PATCH
Displays most games in color on RGB monitors
For CoCo 3 Disk S24.95
SPIT' N IMAGE
Makes a BACKUP ol ANY disk S32.95
OS 9 PRODUCTS
OS 9 LEVEL II .$£,
OPERATING SYSTEM *WF
Supports 51 2 K RAM dual speed multi-tasking
multiple windows and more! Comes with disk and
complete documentation Only S89.9S
MULTI-VUE
User friendly graphics interface with multiple
"window" applications for Level II. Only S54.95
WIZ
OS9 Level II Terminal Package with 300-19200
baud rale and windowing capability. Requires 51 2 K
and RS-232 Pack Only $79.95
SCREEN STAR
Best OS9 Word Processor. Implements WordStar
(R) editing capabilities Even has a built in spelling
checker. Use with OS-9 Text Formater to get
beautiful printouts ForOS9 Level 1 and2. Disk Only
S49.95. OS-9 Text Formatter: Printout beautiful docu-
ments Iromany ASCII Ilia 0nlyS34.95. Both Screen Star
and OS-9 Text Formatter: S74.95
DATA MASTER
Excellent database for 0S9. Features include:
windows pull down menus sorting etc Requires
OS9 Level IIS 51 2 K Only S64.95
PC-Xfer UTILITIES
Programs to format and transfer files to/lrom MS-
DOS diskettes on CoCo Under OS9 Level 1 or 2.
Requires SDISK or SDISK3. Only $44.95
SDISK3
Standard disk drive module replacement allows
use of 40/80 track double sided drives Req OS9
Level It Only S29.95
SDISK
Same as SDISK 3 except for OS9 Level I. Only
S29.95
0S9 LEVEL II RAMDISK
Lightning Fast Ramdisk with Auto Formatting A
must lor any 0S9 Level II User. Req 512KS29.95.
(Only SI4.95 with purchase of 512 K Upgrade S
Ramdisk!!).
BOOKS
Inside 0S9 Level II: S39.95
Rainbow Guide To 0S9 tevel II: SI 9.95
Rainbow Guide To 0S9 Level II Disk: SI9.95
0S9 is a trademark of Microware and Motorola,
Inc
Mjr
MICROCOM SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 21 4
Fairport, N.Y. 14450
Phone (716) 223-1477
All orders S50 and above shipped by U PS 2 ml Day Air within Continental DS at no extra charge. No
CODs We accept Visa MC, Amex Check or MO. Please add $3.00 SSH
(USA/Canada). Other countries S5.00 SSH. NYS residents please ad1 sales tax
To Place Credit Card Orders, Call Toll Free 1-800-654-5244
NY, Canada, Foreign Orders, Information, Technical Advice and Order Status call 1-716-223-1477
Please stop for a moment and think
of the number of lives Fred Scerbo has
touched through his work with his
CoCo. Of course, there are so many of
you who use his programs month in and
month out from these pages. There are
all those youngsters who found a com-
puter was just as interesting as "trou-
ble." And there are all those young
people who have benefited through his
coaching and his pairings program.
* * *
My other letter comes from someone
who started into the CoCo business
with a small advertisement in THE
RAINBOW back in December and then
repeated the ad in February of this year.
"Just when I thought I'd exhausted
my buying audience I decided to give it
one more shot and put an ad in the May
issue," he wrote. "Now I'm so swamped
with orders I don't have time to do any
new 'recreational computing.' It's both
a blessing and a curse."
The letter ends: "I guess what I'm
getting at is this: I've been poor and
unknown and I've been rich and famous
(at least in CoCo circles). I prefer the
latter. Thanks."
* * *
I am not going to identify this writer
- or the first one who tipped me off to
Fred Scerbo's latest accomplishment —
because the names are not necessary.
Rather, I think I want to spend just a
moment of your time before you wade
into everything in this issue (or set out
to construct the CoCo mobile, our
Anniversary gift to you) to think about
both these letters and what they mean.
To both Fred and our newly famous
advertiser, the CoCo has become the
dream about which stuff is made.
Whether it is a way to help youngsters
or to help make a profit, this wonderful
little machine is, in reality, a great big
dream machine.
Forget the letters. Think about your-
self. I'll bet CoCo has opened doors for
you, too. Isn't that marvelous? I think
so.
Our cover this month is a takeoff on
a well-known motion picture. Is that a
Color Computer along with Dorothy
and her friends on the Yellow Brick
Road? They seem to be traveling some-
where over the Rainbow to the land
where wishes and dreams come true.
We are all traveling that same road.
Thank you for letting us be with you
for seven years now. And wish us at least
seven more! _ Lonnie Falk
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
This one-liner will turn your
CoCo and printer into a typewrit-
ing team. A restriction: The text
strings you give the program must
be in chunks of 80 characters or
less.
The listing:
100 CLS : CLEAR1000 : PRINT80+9 , "MIH
I SCRISIT" :PRINT"WHAT WOULD' VOU
LIKE TO BE PRINTED" : INPUTAS : PRIN
T8354+12, "PRINTING ":PRINT#
-2,A$:PRINT@3 56+8, "<«<PRINTED>>
»" : PRIHT038 4 + 16 , "AGAIN" ! PRINT94
16+12, "(Y-YES/N=NO)":INPUTB$:IFB
S-"Y"THENCLS : IFB$=" Y"THEH100 :
Danny White
Chicago, IL
(Foi i his winning one-liner contest entry, the
author hits heen sent copies of hoth The Third
Rainbow Book of 'Adventures and its companion
The Third Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
r
i
ZSS7
RAINBOW ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ m
c """,'""°" {■eonardo'syenciC
(Reviewed in Oct. 87 RAINBOW) Makes programming sensa-
tional-looking graphics as easy as moving a joystick! Converts
precision drawings into "DRAW" commands which can be stand-
alone BASIC programs or merged into other programs. Also
includes "DEMO" and "PAINT" programs. Requires a spring-
centered joystick or touch-pad. 32k ECB tape or disk S14.95
? ENIGMA?
Transform your computer into an ultra-secret code machine cap-
able ot enciphering and deciphering in over 12 million virtually
unbreakable codes! (not simple substitution codes). Print hard
copy or store & retrieve coded data on tape or disk. Only the per-
son who has the password can read it' 32k ECB tape or disk $12 95
Just answer the prompts & type your message; "EZ WRITER" will
put it into perfect letter form and send it to your DMP or DWP.
Professional-quality, single-page letters every time! Do one letter
or multiple copies for "personalized" mailings. Saves letters and
mailing lists. Even does labels. Menu-driven. Undoubtedly the
EZ-est letter writing system available! Free sample on request 1
32k ECB tape or disk $19.95
EZ MATH PACKAGE
FOUR superior educational "games": "RACEWAY". "GO TO THE
TOP" (multiplication tablesdrill), "WORD PROBLEMS", & "PYRA-
MID". Covers addition, subtraction, multiplication, & division.
Different levels of difficulty. Exciting graphics & sounds. EZ and
fun 1 32k ECB tape or disk $19.95 i_l«rtfl| '
KEYBOARD COMMANDER ^SK-^
Probably the most exciting typing tutor available for your CoCo.
You are the commander of a space ship & it's your job to shoot
down alien letters & words as they speed toward you & attack your
spaceship. Exciting Hi-Res action! 32k ECB tape or disk $24.95
E.Z. FRIENDLY SOFTWARE I
HUTTON & ORCHARD STS. • RHINECLIFF, NY 12574 • (914) 876-3
(Add S1.50 s/h to all orders. NY residents add state sales lax.)
Mouse Tales
gDDD fflfYrlldlE LL fflDLE E onog
MPfSt®*. f WHAT A Ti
DODDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD
By Logan Ward
12
THE RAINBOW July 1.9!
500
POKES,
PEEKS,
EXECs
FOR THE TRS-80 COCO
NEVER BEFORE has this infor-
mation of vital significance to a
programmer been so readily
available to everyone. This book
will help you GET UNDERNEATH
THE COVER' of the Color Com-
puter and develop your own HI-
QUALITY Basic and ML pro-
grams. SO WHY WAIT??
This 80-page book includes
POKEs. PEEKs and EXECs to:
* Autostart your basic programs
* Disable Color Basic/ECB/Disk
Basic commands like LIST,
LLIST. POKE. EXEC. CSAVE(M),
DEL, EDIT. TROM. TROff.
PCLEAR, DLOAD, REMUM, PRINT
USING. DIR, KILL, SAVE, LOAD,
MERQE, RENAME, DSKINI.
BACKUP, DSKI$, and DSKOS.
* Disable BREAK KEY, CLEAR KEY
and RESET BUTTON.
* Generate a Repeat-key.
* Transfer ROMPAKS to tape (For
64K only).
* Set 23 different
GRAPHIC/SEMIGRAPMIC modes
* Merge two Basic programs.
* AND MUCH MUCH MOREIII
COMMANDS COMPATIBLE WITH
16 K/32 K/64 K/ COLOR BASIC/ ECB/ DISK
BASIC SYSTEMS and CoCo 1 . 2. flf 3.
OKLY $16.95
SUPPLEMENT to
500 POKES,
PEEKS 'N EXECS
ONLY $9.95
additional Pokes, Peeks 'n Execs to
give you MORE PROGRAMMING POWER
Includes commands for
• Rompak Transler to disk
• PAINT with 65000 styles!
• Use ol 40 track single/double sided drives with variable
step- rales
• High-Speed Cassette Operation
• Telewriter 64 '. Edtasm+' and CoCo Max"
Enhancements
• Graphics Dump (lor DMP printers! & Text Screen Dump
• ANO MUCH MUCH MORE!
• 500 POKES. PEEKS 'N EXECS is a prerequisite
200
300 POKES
PEEKS' N EXECS
FOR THE COCO III
Get more POWER for your CoCo III. Includes
commands for
• 40/80 Column Screen Text Dump
• Save Text/Graphics Screens to Disk
• Command/ Function Disables
• Enhancements lor CoCo 3 Basic
• 128K/51ZK Ram Test Program
• HPRINT Character Modilier
• AND MANY MORE COMMANDS ONLY $19.95
H§§r*"MUSr BOOKS
UNRAVELLED SERIES: These books provide a
complete annotated listing of the
BASIC/ECB and DISK ROMs.
EXTENDED C010R BASIC UNRAVELLED: S39.95
DISK BASIC UNRAVELLED: S19.9S
BOTH UNRAVELLED BOOKS: S49.95
SUPER ECB|CoCo3| UNRAVELLED: S24.95 I*f2fc
ALL 3 UNRAVELLED BOOKS: S59.95 '" • ■«
COCO 3 SERVICE MANUALS39.95
COCOZ SERVICE MANUAL: S29.95
INSIDE 0S9 LEVEL II S39.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO 0S9 LEVEL II ON COCO 3: SI9.95
RAINBOW GUIDE TO 0S9 II DISK: SI9.95
INSIDE 0S9 LEVEL II DISK: S20.00
COCO 3 SECRETS REVEALED: SI 9.95
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE PROGRAMMING*: SI8.00
ADDENDUM FOR COCO 3: S12.00
UTILITY ROUTINES VOL! BOOK: SI9.95
GAMES(Disk Only) (CoCol, 2, & 3
except where mentioned)
WILD WEST (CoCo 3 Only) $24.95
VEGAS SLOTS (CoCo 3 Only) $29.95
VEGAS GAME PACK: $24.95
FLIGHT 16: $34.95
IN QUEST OF STAR LORD
(Animated Graphics Adventure
CoCo 3): $34.95
WHITE FIRE OF ETERNITY: $19.95
PYRAMIX (Cubix for CoCo 3): $24.95
P-51 MUSTANG SIMULATION: $34.95
WORLDS OF FLIGHT: $34.95
KUNG FU DUDE: $24.95
APPROACH CONTROL SIMULATION: $34.95
TREASURY PACK#1: Lunar Rover Patrol,
Cubix, Declathon, Qix, Keys of Wizard,
Module Man, Pengon, Space Wrek and
Roller Controller. Only S29.95
TREASURY PACK #2: Lancer, Ms Gobbler,
jur
Froggie,MadnessandMinotaur, Ice Castles,
Galagon, Devious and Syzygy. Only $29.95
SPACE PACK: Color Zap Invaders, Planet
Invasion, Space Race, Space War, Galax
Attax, Anaroid Attack, Whirlybird, Space
Sentry & Storm Arrows. Only $29.95
MICROCOM SOFTWARE ah O rdersS50 and above shipped by UPS2 nd Day Air within Continental US at no extra charge No
CODs We accept Visa MC Amex. CheckorMO. Please add S3.00 S&H( USA/ Canada).
Other countries $5.00 SSH. NYS residents please add sales tax
COCO
GRAPHICS DESIGNER
^ .Signs Greeting Cards Banners §
The CoCo Graphics Designer allows you
to create beautifully designed Greeting
Cards, Signs and Banners for holidays,
birthdays, parties, anniversaries and other
occasions. Comes with a library of pre-
drawn pictures. Also includes utilities
which allow you to create your own
character sets, borders and graphic
pictures. Requires a TRS-80 COLOR
COMPUTER I, II OR III OR TDP-100 with
a MINIMUM 0F32K, ONE DISK DRIVE
and a PRINTER, compatible with DISK
BASIC 1.0/1.1, ADOS 1.0/1.1 AND JDOS,
Supports the following printers: DMP
100/105/110/130/430, CGP220,
EPSON FiX/FX, GEMINI 1 X. SG-10,
NX-10& OKIDATA DISK $29.95
PICTURE DISK #1: 100 more pictures for
CGD:S14.95
FONT DISK #1: 10 extra fonts! SI 9.95
FONT DISK #2: 10+ extra fonts $19.95
CAR SIGN DESIGNER
Create distinctive bright yellow diamond
shaped car signs Includes2 resuable clear
plastic sign holders with suction cups, and
50 sheets of bright yellow fanfold paper.
Disk Only $29.95
COLORED PAPER PACKS $24.95
COCO MAX III (with hires interface): $79.95
COCO MAX II: Disk$77.95 Tape $67.95
MAX PATCH An excellent software patch to run
COCO MAX II on COCO III. Reg RS Hi- res
Joystick Interface No chip replacements or
soldering Disk only $24.95
COLOR MAX 3 DELUXE: $69.95
COLOR MAX 3: $59.95
Telewriter-64: Best Word Processor tor CoCo 1 &
2 (Cas) $47.95 (Disk) $57.95
TW-80: 80 Column Displays more features for
TW-64. CoCo 3 Disk $39.95
TELEFORM: Mail Merges Form Letters for TW-
64. $19.95
Autoterm: Superb Terminal Program Works with
any modem! (Cas) $29.95 (Disk) $39.95
Pro Color File* Enhanced*: Multi-feature
Database $59.95 Sidewise: $24.95
Pro-Color Dir: $24.95
EDT/ASM 64 D: Best Disk Based Editor-
Assembler for CoCq$59.95 (Specify CoCo 1, 2 or 3)
THE SOURCE: Best Disassembler tor CoCo$34.95
THE SOURCEIII: $49.95
CDASIC: Most powerful Basic Program Compiler
$149.95 (Specify CoCol, 2 or 3)
DYNACALC (COC0 1, 2 & 3): S99.95
P.O. Box 21 4
Fairport, N.Y. 14450
Phone(716) 223-1477
To Place Credit Card Orders, Call Toll Free 1-800-654-5244 9 AM- 9 PM EST 7 days a week
NY, Canada, Foreign Orders, Information, Technical Advice and Order Status call 1-716-223-1477
-Dmiff©
How To Read Rainbow
When we use the term CoCo, we refer to an affection-
ale name that was first given to the Tandy Color
Computer by its many fans, users and owners.
The basic program listings printed in the rain-
bow are formatted for a 32-character screen — so they
show up just as they do on your CoCo screen. One easy
way to check on the accuracy of your typing is to com-
pare what character "goes under" what. If the charac-
ters match — and your line endings come out the same
— you have a pretty good way of knowing that your
typing is accurate.
We also have "key boxes" to show you the minimum
system a program needs. Bui, do read the text before
you start typing.
Finally, the little disk and/or cassette symbols on (he
table of contents and at the beginning of articles
indicate that the program is available through our
RAINBOW ON DISK Or RAINBOW ON TAPE service.
Using Machine Language
The easiest way to "put" a machine language program
into memory is to use an editor/assembler, a program
you can purchase from a number of sources. All you
have to do, essentially, is copy the relevant instructions
from the rainbow's listing into CoCo.
Another method of putting an ML listing into CoCo
is called "hand assembly" — assembly by hand, which
sometimes causes problems with OR I G I N or EQUATE
statements. You ought to know something about
assembly to try this.
Use the following program if you want to hand-
assemble ML listings:
10 CLEfiR200,&H3F00:I=£H3FB0
20 PRINT -'ADDRESS:" ;HEX$(I);
30 INPUT "BYTE";B$
40 POKE I, VfiL( "&H"+BS)
50 I=I+l:GOTQ 20
This program assumes you have a 16K CoCo. If you
have 32K, change the &H3F00 in Line 10 to &H7F00
and change the value of I to &H7F60.
OS-9 and RAINBOW ON DISK
The OS-9 side of rainbow on disk contains two
directories: CMOS and SOURCE. It also contains a file,
read . ma . f i rs t, which explains the division of the
two directories. The CMDS directory contains executa-
ble programs and the SOURCE directory contains [he
ASCII source code for these programs. BASIC09
programs will only be offered in source form so they will
only be found in the SOURCE directory.
OS-9 is a very powerful operaling system. Because
of this, it is not easy to learn at first. However, while we
can give specilic instructions tor using the OS-9
programs, you will find that the OS-9 programs will be
ol little use unless you are familiar with the operating
system. For this reason, if you haven't "learned" OS-9
or are nol comfortable with it, we suggest you read The
Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9 by Dale Puckett and
Peter Dibble.
The following is not intended as a course in OS-9. It
merely states how to get Ihe OS-9 programs from
rainbow on disk to your OS-9 system disk. Use
the procedures appropriate for your system. Before
doing so, however, boot the OS-9 operating system
according to the documentation from Radio Shack.
1)Type loaddtr 1 1st copy and press ENTER.
2) If you have only one disk drive, remove the OS-9
system disk from Drive and replace it with the OS-
9 side of rainbow on disk. Then type chd'd0
and press enter. If you have two disk drives, leave
the sytem master in Drive and put the rainbow
ON DISK in Drive 1. Then type chd/dl and press
enter.
3) List the read . me . f i rs t file lo the screen by typing
list read . me . f 1 rs t and pressing ENTER.
4) Entering di r will give you a directory of the OS-9
side of rainbow on disk. To see what programs
are in Ihe CMDS directory, enter d i r cmds. Follow
a similar method to see what source files are in the
source directory.
5) When you find a program you want to use, copy it
to Ihe CMDS directory on your system disk with one
of the following commands:
One-drive system: copy 'da'ands' Wename^d0-'
cmds'Wename -s
The system will prompt you to alternately place the
source disk (rainbow on disk) or the destination
disk (system disk) in Drive 0.
Two-drive system: copy 'dl'cmds-' filename /d0/
crnds- - iilename
Once you have copied the program, you execute il
from your system master by placing thai disk in Drive
and entering the name of the file.
The Rainbow Seal
rainbow
The Rainbow Certilication Seal is our way of helping
you, the consumer. The purpose ol the Seal is to certify
to you that any product thatcarries the Seal has actually
been seen by us, thai it does, indeed, exist and that we
have a sample copy here at THE rainbow.
Manufacturers of products — hardware, software and
firmware — are encouraged by us to submit their prod-
ucts lo the rainbow for certification.
The Seal is not a "guarantee of satisfaction." The
certification process is different from the review
process. You are encouraged to read our reviews lo
determine whether the product is right for your needs.
There is absolutely no relationship between advertis-
ing in the rainbow and the certification process.
Certification is open and available to any product per-
taining to CoCo. A Seal will be awarded to any com-
mercial product, regardless of whether the firm adver-
tises or not.
We will appreciate knowing of instances of violation
of Seal use.
Rainbow Check Plus
rvf"
The small box accompanying a program listing in
the rainbow is a "check sum" system, which is
designed to help you type in programs accurately.
Rainbow Check PLUS counts the number and values
of characters you type in. You can then compare the
number you get to those printed in the rainbow.
On longer programs, some benchmark lines are given.
When you reach the end ol one of those lines with your
typing, simply check to see if the numbers match.
To use Rainbow Check PLUS, type in the program
and save it for later use, then type in the command RUN
and press ENTER. Once the program has run, type NEW
and press enter to remove it from the area where the
program you're typing in will go.
Now, while keying in a listing from the rainbow,
whenever you press the down arrow key, your CoCo
gives the check sum based on the length and content
of the program in memory. This is to check against the
numbers printed in the rainbow. If your number is
different, check the listing carefully to be sure you typed
in the correct basic program code. For more details
on this helpful utility, refer to H. Allen Curtis' article on
Page 21 of Ihe February 1984 rainbow.
Since Rainbow Check PLUS counts spaces and
punctuation, be sure to type in the listing exactly the
way it's given in the magazine.
10 CLS:X=2SG*PEEK(35)+17B
20 CLEAR 25,X-1
30 X=256*PEEK (35) +178
40 FOR Z=X TO X+77
50 REfiD Y:U=U+Y:PRINT Z,Y;U
G0 POKE Z,Y:NEXT
70 IFW=79B5THENB0EL5EPRINT
"DRTfi ERROR" .-STDP
B0 EXEC X:END
90 DRTFI 182, 1, 10G, 1G7, 140, G0, 134
100 DRTfi 12G, 1B3, 1, 10G, 190, 1, 107
110 DRTfi 175, 140, 50. 48, 140, 4, 191
120 DfiTfl 1, 107, 57, 129, 10, 3B, 38
130 DfiTfi 52, 22, 79, 15B. 25. 230, 129
140 DfiTfi 39, 12, 171, 128, 171, 128
150 DRTfi 230, 132, 38, 250, 48, 1, 32
1G0 DfiTfi 240, 183, 2. 222, 4B, 140, 14
170 DfiTfi 159, 1SG, 1GG, 132, 2B, 254
180 DfiTfi 189. 173, 198, 53, 22, 12G,
190 DfiTfl 0, 135, 255, 134, 40, 55
200 DfiTfi 51, 52, 41,
14
THE RAINBOW July 1988
SUPER 88 UTILITIES
For Only $88
40K FOR CASSETTE PROGRAMS: #200
40K FOR DISK BASIC PROGRAMS: #201
ALPHA-DIR:Alphabetize DIR's #202
APPOINTMENT CALENDAR: #203
ASCII FILE UTILITY: #204
AUTOMATIC DISK BACK-UP:Req. 2 drives #205
AUTOMATIC 5 MIN. CASSETTE SAVE: #206
AUTOMATIC 5 MIN. DISK SAVE: #207
AUTO DIR BACK-UP:No more FS errors #208
BASE CONVERTER :#209
BANNER MAKER: 7" high letters #210
BASIC SEARCH :Search for a string #211
BORDER MAKER:255 border styles #212
CASSETTE LABEL MAKER :DMP's only #213
CLOCK:Keeps time as you program #214
COMMAND KEYS: Shorthand for BASIC #215
COMMAND MAKER :Design own commands #216
COMMAND SAVER:Saves/recalls commands #217
CALCULATOR:On-screen calculator #218
CURSOR STYLES:65535 cursor styles #219
DISK CATALOGER:DIR's into master DIR #220
DISK ENCRYPT:BASIC password protection #221
DMP CHARACTER SET EDITOR:#222
DMP SUPERSCRIPTS-.Great for term papers #223
DOS COMMAND ENHANCER: #224
DOUBLE BANK:64K only #225
ENHANCED KILL:#226
ENHANCED LLIST:Beautiful LLISTings #227
ENHANCED TRON: #228
ERROR LOCATOR: #229
E-Z DISK MASTER: #230
FAST SORT:100 strings in 3 seconds #231
FILE SCRAMBLER:Hide your private files #232
FULL ERRORS: English error messages #233
FUNCTION KEYS:Speeds prog time #234
GRADE BOOK: Great for teachers #235
GRAPHICS SCREEN COMPRESSION: #236
GRAPHICS SHIFTER: #237
GRAPHICS TYPE SETTING:2 letter sizes #238
GRAPHICS ZOOM: Magnify/ edit graphics #239
INPUT/OUTPUT DATA MONITOR: #240
KEY CLICKER: Ensures input accuracy #241
KEY SAVER: Save/ recall keystrokes #242
LAST COMMAND REPEATER: #243
LINE COPY: Copy BASIC lines #244
LINE CROSS-REFERENCE: #245
LIST/DIR PAUSE: No more fly-bys #246
LOWER CASE COMMANDS: #247
MASS DISK INITIALIZATION: #248
MESSAGE ANIMATOR: Great billboard #249
METRIC CONVERSION: #250
ML/BASIC PROGRAM MERGE: #251
ML TO DATA CONVERTER: #252
MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST MAKER: #253
NUMERIC KEYPAD: #254
ON BREAK GOTO COMMAND: #255
ON ERROR GOTO COMMAND: #256
ON RESET GOTO COMMAND: #257
PHONE DIRECTORY: #258
PAUSE CONTROL :Put progs on hold #259
PRINTER TO SCREEN: #260
PRINTER TUTORIAL: #261
PROGRAM PACKER: For BASIC progs #262
PURCHASE ORDER MAKER: #263
RAMDISK:In-memory disk drive #264
REPLACE/FIND STRINGS: #265
REVERSE VIDEO (GREEN): #266
REVERSE VIDEO (RED): #267
RAM TEST: Checks your RAM #268
ROM SUITCHER: #269
SIGN MAKER: Runs on any DMP #270
SINGLE STEPPER.-Great de-bugger #271
SPEEDUP TUTORIAL: #272
SPOOLER:Speed up printouts #273
SUPER INPUT/LINE INPUT: #274
SUPER COMMAND KEYS: #275
SUPER COPY:Copy multiple files #276
SUPER EDITOR:Scroll BASIC progs #277
SUPER PAINT:65535 patterns #278
SUPER REPEAT: Repeat key #279
SUPER SCROLLER:View scrolled lines #280
TAB/SHIFT LOCK KEYS: #281
TAPE ENCRYPT Password protect BASIC #282
TAPE INDEX SYSTEM: For tape progs #283
TEXT SCREEN SCROLL LOCK: #284
TITLE SCREEN CREATOR: #285
UNKILL: Recover KILLed disk progs #286
VARIABLE CROSS-REFERENCE: #287
All Above Utilities Only $88, Or
1 Program $9 2 Programs $16 3 Programs $21
4 Programs $24 5 Programs $5 each.
All Programs On Disk. More Than One Program
On Same Disk. Documentation Included
HARD DRIVES
ST225 20MB l/2ht w/cont. S289
ST238R 30MB l/2ht w/cont. S309
ST25J 40MB l/2ht (40ms) S371
(Includes Disk Partitioning Software)
COLOD
SCHEMATIC
DESIGNED
By Prakash Mishra
An Excellent CACD Software
Package for CoCo 3. Features:
Runs in 640x192 at 1.8Mhz
Pull Down Menus
Keyboard/ Joystk/Mouse Support
RGB/Comp/Monochrome Monitors
72 Modifiable Symbols
Multiple Hi-Res Fonts
Multiple UNDO Command
Symbol Rotate/Line/Box Draw
Supports 3 layers of circuits
Complete Window Scrolling
Powerful Screen Print Command
Complete Documentation
Disk Only $39.95
MUL TI-FONT PRINTER
NX-1000
NX-1000 Rainbow System
* Star NX-1000 Color Printer
* Serial To Parallel Interface
* Free Software: Screen Dump
& Signs TV Banners Program
ONLY $299
(Include $10 Shipping)
MJF
MICROCOM SOFTWARE
P.O. Box214
Fairport. N.Y. 14450
Phone(716) 223-1477
All ordersS50 and above(excepl Disk Driuesl shipped by UPS2nd Day Air within Conlinenlal US
at no extra charge NoCODs We accept Visa MC. Amex. Check or MO Please add $3.00 S&H
; USA/Canada) Other countries S5.00 S&H NYS residents please add sales tax ■■■
No Free 2nd day shipping tor Printer.
To Place Credit Card Orders, Call Toll Free 1-800-654-5244 9 am -9 pm est? days a week
NY, Canada Foreign Ordera Information, Technical Advice and Order Status call 1-716-223-1477
#eat«fe^
OS-9
Using subdirectories and shell scripts
to build an OS-9 menu system
(Q) ro
icroware's OS-9, like the
Unix operating system on
i which it is based, is a very
powerful and advanced system. It
shares one other similarity with Unix —
it can be extremely difficult to use.
While OS-9's commands are some-
what more readable than Unix's — Dir
rather than Ls, or List rather than Cat
they are still cryptic enough to
intimidate most users at first. And what
was your own first reaction at seeing
that OS9: prompt alone on the screen
the first time you booted up?
This article presents a remarkably
simple but effective solution to the
problems of OS-9's user-unfriendliness
by using user-configurable menus that
give a clear indication of options avail-
able lo the user, yet at the same time do
not restrict the so-called "power user."
The examples used here presuppose the
use of a hard disk, as the system is most
Mark Roseman is currently studying
computer science at the University of
Manitoba and has been involved with
computers for many years. He is a co-
owner of and programmer for TRI-C
Computing.
effective with a hard disk. However, the
identical concepts and techniques can
be used on systems having only floppy
disks.
Shell Programs
There are several programs on the
market that are designed to make OS-
9 easier to use. These work by creating
a shell that replaces the OS-9 command
line, allowing you to copy files, execute
programs, etc., without using OS-9
directly. The OS-9 Solution by Comput-
erware is an excellent example of such
a "shell program."
The advantages of programs like this
are fairly obvious. You can manipulate
your files efficiently, and there is no
worry about typing an incorrect com-
mand line or filename. Having a list of
files available in your current directory
makes life easier by allowing you to
refer to files by a number or letter in the
list, rather than by a (sometimes quite
long!) filename.
However, these shell programs have
their downside, too. Because they essen-
tially hide the OS-9 command line from
the user, they limit your options by
being less flexible. These programs
16
THE RAINBOW July 1988
DISK DRIVES
Double Sided Double Density360 K40 Track !4 Ht Disk Drives for CoCo2 and3. Buy from someone else and all you get is a disk drive Buy from us
and not only do you get a quality disk drive but also $60 worth of disk utility software ( Super Tape/ Disk Transfer and Disk Tutorial) and our
DISKMAX utility which allows you to use BOTH sides of our disk drives Its like buying TWO disk drives for the price of ONE!!
Drive (with J & M Controller & Cable): $229.95 Drive 1: $149.00
TWO '/2 ht Drives in one case with cable & controller: S339.95
Single Power- Supply & Case: $59.95 Disk Drive Power Supply 'Y" Cables: $8.95
(90 day warranty on all drives)
J&M Controller (with RSDOS): $79.95 DISTO Super Controller: $99.95
Mini Eprom Programmer Add-On: $54.95 Real Time Clock & Parallel Printer Interface Add-on: $39.95
DISTO Super Controller II: $129.95
1 Drive Cable: $19.95 2 Drive Cable: $24.95 4 Drive Cable: $39.95
(For Drives add $7.00 S&H in USA/Canada)
HARD DRIVES
Finally! Hard Drive Interface for Basic and OS9 from Burke & Burke!!
CoCo XT: Use up to2 5-120 Meg Hard Drives You buy WD1 002- WX1 or WD1 002-27X Controller, Case and drive from your PC dealer and use CoCo
XT to hook the drive up to your CoCo Includes drivers for OS9/ Basic and complete documentation S69.95.
HYPER I/O: Modifies RSDOS to allow use of floppy and hard drives If you are using hard drives from Basic, you will need HYPER I/O to access the
hard drives Disk Only SZ4.95.
COCO XT ROM: Installs in hard disk controller. Boots 0S9 from hard/floppy drive SI 9.95.
CoCo XT- RTC: Same as CoCo XT with Real Time Clock/ battery backup: S99.95. Please note you need a 64 K CoCo or CoCo 3 and Multipak for all
versions
MONOCHROME MAGNAVOX
MONITOR $99 (Cable Extra)
COMMUNICATIONS
-EXTRAVAGANZA
1| AVATEX 1200e MODEM: Fully Hayes
compatible 300/1 200 Baud, Auto- Dial/
Answer/ Redial ( Reg $129.95)
2) MODEM CABLE (Reg, $19.95)
3) AUTOTERM TERMINAL SOFTWARE
4) FREE COMPUSERVE OFFER utmuVm
5) UPS 2nd DAY AIR Shipping.
only $149.95
(With AVATEX 1200 he instead of
AVATEX 1200: $174.95)
AVATEX 2400:5229.95
UPGRADES
;unieu(diiuii ,1111;
512K UPGRADE FOR COCO III
Fast 120ns chips Fully tested Easy installation No
soldering Comes with complete documentation and
RAM lest program on disk.
4RJ9 ONLY $ CALL
(With purchase ol our512K RAMDISK program below)
51 2K Upgrade without chips S44.95
512K RAMDISK $24 95
Have? superlasl RAMDISKsS a print spooler.
64KUpgradefor26-3134A/B CoCo il:$39.95
64 K Upgrade for CoCo i's. CoCo ll's with Cat
#26-3026/7, 26-3134 & 26-3136: $29.95
8CM5I5 RGB Monitor 80
17% larger screen than standard 12" monitors
RGB TTL, RGB Analog Composite inputs
Green raster display switch. Etched faceplate
ONLYS294.00 Include S1 2 shipping
FREE Magnavox cable for COCO 3 with the
purchase of the monitor.
CABLES/INTERFACE x
RS232 Y CABLE: Hook 2 devices to the
serial port ONLY SI 8.95
Y CABLE: Use your Disk System with
CoCo Max, DS69, etc ONLYS24.95
15' PRINTER/MODEM EXTENDER CARLE:
ONLYS16.95
MODEM CABLE: 4 pinto DB 25:819.95
15" MULTIPAK/ROMPAK EXTENDER
CABLE: S29.95
3- POSITION SWITCHER: $37.95
WICO TRACK BALL: S34.95
RS HI-RES JOYSTICK INTERFACE: SI 1.99
MAGNAVOX 8505/851 5/8CM643 Analog
RGB Cable: S24.95
CM-8 RGR Analog Ext. Cable: SI 9.95
SONY Monitor Cable: S39.95
VIDEO DRIVER: For Monochrome or Color.
Specify CoCo 1 or 2. S34.95
VIDEO CLEAR: Reduce TV interference.
S19.95
SERIAL TO PARALLEL INTERFACE: With 6
switch selectable baud rates(300-9600)
Comes with all cables S44.95
EPROM
INTRONICS EPROM PROGRAMMER: Best
EPROM Programmer for the CoCo.
Lowest Price Anywhere SI 37.95
EPROM ERASER | Datarase): Fast erase of
24/28 pin EPROMs. $49.95
EPROMS: 2764-S8.00, 27128 - S9.D0
Call for other EPROMs
BOTH EPROM PROGRAMMER and ERASER:
$179.95
ROMPAK w/Blank PC Board 27xx Series:
S12.95
^KEYBOARDS/ ACCESSORIES^
KEYBOARD EXTENSION CABLE: Our keyboard
extender cable allows you to move your keyboard
away from the computer and type with ease You
can use your existing keyboard with this cable or
leave your present keyboard intact and use a second
keyboard A M LIST tor all CoCo Users Only S39.95.
Cable with CoCo II keyboard: $49.95 COCO 3
KEYBOARD (includes FREE FUNCTION KEYS
software value $19.95) S39.95
CoCo II keyboard: S19.95
CHIPS, ETC.
Disk Basic Rom I.I (Needed for CoCo III) S29.95.
6BB09E Chip: S14.95 ECB Rom 1.1: S29.95. Hulli-
Pak PAL Chip i for CoCo 3 SI 9.95 PAL Switcher: Now
you can switch between the CoCo II and CoCo III
modes when using the Multi-Pak You need the
OLDER and NEW PAL chip for the 26-3024
Multipak Only $39.95 With NEW PAL ChipS49.95
BVft" DS/DD Disks: SD.45 each
MJF
MICROCOM SOFTWARE AHortenJBO and abovefexcepl Disk Drives) shipped by UPS2nd Day Air within Continental US
P O Box 214 at no extra charge. No CODs We accept Visa MC.Amex, Check or MO. Please addS3.00 S&H
Fairport, N.Y. 14450 (USA/Canada). Other countries S5.00 S&H. NYS residents please add sales tax ■■■
Phone(7i6) 223-1477 No Free 2nd Day Shipping ior Monitors.
To Place Credit Card Orders, Call Toll Free 1 -800-654-5244 9AM-9PMEST7 days a week
NY, Canada, Foreign Orders, Information, Technical Advice and Order Status call 1-716-223-1477
BLINDING SPEED
Max-10 is entirely written in
machine language. Its speed wi
amaze you.
SLEEK
A lot of word processors "do the
job", but Max-10 makes word
processing fun.
INTUITIVE
Max-10 is so well designed you
can use it without reading the
manual.
FUN
Max-10 is actually fun to use,
which is quite an achievement for
a word processor.
FORMAT
Unlimited choice of right or left
alignment, centering, and line
spacing. Screen is updated
immediately to show exact effects
of changes.
PAGE NUMBERING
On-screen page number helps
you find your place.
TAB STOPS & MARGINS
The rulers make tabs and margins
easy to see, use, and change.
I
CUT AND PASTE
Move anything (even graphics)
anywhere in the document.
Max-10 Specifications: variable line length; tight, left, top and bottom margins, word
wrap, undo; page numbering; set starting page; left and tight justification; centering; margins
and centeting can be changed anywhere in the document; variable line spacing;
programmable headers and footers (with centering, graphics, etc.); type ahead; key repeat; key
click; scroll up and down; jump to any point in document; ASCII file ouput for compatibility;
disk directory; kill files; bold, italic, underline, superscript and subscript type styles; wordwrap;
block cut, copy, move; global search and replace; paragraph indent; clipboard; merge; show
file (on disk); free memory display, page count, paragraph count, word count; graphics can be
resized and moved; multiple fonts, error recovery and more!
PRINTERS
Max-10 currently works with the following printers:
DMP-105, DMP-106, DMP-130, Epson MX,RX,FX,LX
and compatible, Gemini 10 series, CCP-220, and OKI-92.
BY DAVE STAMPE
Author of CoCo Max III, the best
and most acclaimed CoCo 3
Graphics Editor.
GRAPHICS
Max-10 can import pictures stored in the following
formats: CoCo Max l,ll,lll, MGE, MGF, 5 level DS-69, as
well as any standard PMODE 4, HSCREEN 2 or 3 picture.
H
THE DAZZLING WORD PROCESSOR
AND DOCUMENT CREATOR FOR THE COCO 3
PULL DOWN MENUS
All Max-10 Functions can be
easily accessed through the six
pull-down menus. There are no
commands to learn.
ijjout Font HHEm
Tent
• Plain
Bold
Underlined \ cu
Superscript ch
Subscript cl
7HLS01
z-ee-wig) 1. What
)u Get (acronym) .
I stjles.
#
PAGE BREAK
Dotted lines on the screen show
where pages begin and end. No
more surprises at printing time.
FULL JUSTIFICATION
Proportionally spaced characters
let you create text that looks
really nice. No more squished
"M"s and oversized "l"s.
WYSIWYG!
What You See Is What You Get.
Max-10 is the only CoCo word
processor with graphics where the
printout looks exactly like the
screen (Macintosh style).
UNDO
The undo feature lets you change
your mind even AFTER you make
a drastic change, such as a "block
delete".
SCROLL BOX
Point and click for lightning fast
access to any point in the entire
document.
MORE FONTS
Max-10 features 20 different
fonts (styles and sizes). It goes
well beyond your printer's built in
character sets.
TOTAL CONTROL
Any number of available
character styles and sizes can be
mixed on the same line.
HEADERS & FOOTERS
These are super easy to add and
edit. They can even include
graphics and pictures!
Why Max-10?
Most of you already have an
"adequate" word processor,
so why did we spend
considerable time and effort
to create Max-10?
Because you asked for it.
| CoCo Max made graphic
creation fun. It is fast and
feature loaded, yet amazingly
easy to use. You wanted your
word processor to be as
friendly, forgiving, and
amazing as CoCo Max. We
couldn't do it on the CoCo 1
or 2, but with the advanced
CoCo 3 graphics, the word
processor you always wanted
is here: Max-10
Max-10 is not just a word
processor. It gives you letter
styles and sizes that your
printer doesn't have. It lets
you mix graphics and pictures
in your text for a professional
looking output.
Additionally, the screen shows
exactly what your output will
look like. Text is in the size
and style that it will print.
Page breaks, line length and
spacing are clearly shown. No
more hoping that the text will
fit, no more guessing at type
styles, no more messing with
printer codes, no more cryptic
commands to memorize, and
best of all, the undo feature
lets you make a mistake and
still recover your text.
Max-10 makes typing easy,
and you'll love the new things
you can do with the best word
processor ever created for the
CoCo.
PRICE: $79 95
CoCo Max III OWNERS
If you already own CoCo Max III,
deduct $10 from your order.
SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
■\ny CoCo 3 (1 28K or 51 ZK) with at least 1 Disk Drive.
Mouse or joystick.
Monochrome, RGB or Composite monitor.
[COLORWARE
j6± TO ORDER
^Call (203) 656-1 806 9 to 5 Easteri
Vsa a Mastaoid accepts). CO.D <xden S3 exta
Send check oc M.O. to: Cokxvraje, 242-W West Ave, Dirien CT 06820
Add S3 p:f oicfcf lor shipping 55 to Canada, 1 0% tu overseas).
CI residents add 7S>% sales tax
usually contain an option to escape to
the OS-9 command line, but again, this
only hampers the user.
One other note about these pro-
grams: While they do allow you to
execute a program by "pointing" to it,
they don't actually tell you anything
about the program other than the file-
name. Wouldn't it be nice, especially for
new users, if they could tell at a glance
what a program actually did?
The menu system described in this
article has the advantages of being
extremely efficient, user-friendly and
easy to implement, yet does not give up
any of the power of having the com-
mand line available at all times. When
the system first boots up, a menu that
looks like Figure I appears on the
screen. A list of the available applica-
tions is spelled out for the user, and a
short abbreviation is given. Typing the
abbreviation will execute the given
program, or perhaps display a compar-
able menu, showing other options (Fig-
ure 2). At the same time all these de-
scriptive menus are being displayed,
you can type any OS-9 command you'd
like.
■
Welcome to *
• <« THE MACHIHE >»
■
MAIN MENU
■
■
* MP .
Scribble WordPro •
• SS .
FabCalc Soreadsheet •
« PT .
Phone Terminal *
• PH .
Programming Menu •
• DD .
. Disk Utilities •
• Ent
er option or 0S9 cmnd *
Figure 1
The main Menu. da t file
<« THE MACHINE >»
PROGRAMMING MENU
■
cc ..
C Comoiler •
■
BA5 ..
Basic09 «
«
PAS ..
Pascal •
■
MM ..
Back to Hain Menu •
•
Enter
option or 0S9 cmnd -
Figure 2: The Menu. da t file for
the PROGRAMMING subdirectory
|— WORDPROCESSOR-
— SPREADSHEET
- TERMINAL
/HO —
I — scribble
-letter.txt
— essay.txt
c
— phone
fabcalc
budget.calc
r-C
— PROGRAMMING
r cc
I at a;
— PASCAL
— BASIC09
stdio.c
pascal
basic09
program. b09
— DISKUTILITIES
r
L
free
format
backup
Figure 3: A typical disk organization
How it Works
This system is not terribly compli-
cated or difficult to understand, but it
does require a solid understanding of
two fundamental concepts in OS-9: the
hierarchal directory structure and OS-
9 shell scripts. The hierarchal directory
structure — in other words, the use of
subdirectories -- is a subject that is
explained fairly well in the OS-9 man-
uals. There have also been several
articles in previous rainbows that have
done an excellent job of explaining this
concept. Shell scripts arc also explained
in the manuals. Briefly, they are text
files containing a series of OS-9 com-
mands. When one of these scripts is
executed (by typing its filename), the
commands in the file are executed by
OS-9 just as if you had typed them in
one at a time by hand. These shell
scripts can be created using Build,
Edi t or any other text editor.
The menuing system first requires
your disk drive be set up in an organized
and logical manner (see Figure 3 as an
example). Each application program
you have should be placed in its own
subdirectory, and all the files associated
with that application should be in that
same subdirectory. Give the subdirecto-
ries logical names, such as WORDPROC-
E5SDR, SPREADSHEET, etc. If you
happen to have a number of similar
types of programs, you might group
them together. For example, you might
have a subdirectory PROGRAMMING, and
inside that subdirectory have other
subdirectories called C, PASCAL and
BASIC09.
You'll have to create two things in
your main directory, as well as in any
subdirectories conlianing oilier subdi-
rectories (such as the PROGRAMMING
subdirectory mentioned above). These
two things are a help menu and a set of
script files.
What About Those Menus?
You've seen examples of these menus
already. Figure I is an example of a
typical menu found in the root (start-
up) directory, while Figure 2 illustrates
a possible menu found in our PROGRAM-
MING subdirectory.
There is nothing very special about
the format of these menus. They are just
regular text files and can contain any-
20
THE RAINBOW July 1988
The Amazing A-BUS\&
An A-BUS system with two Motherboards
A-BUS adapter In foreground
The A-BUS system works with the original CoCo,
H10C0C02 and the CoCo 3.
About the A-BUS system:
• All Ihe A-BUS cards ace verv easy to use with any language that nan
reactor write lo a Port or Memory. In BASIC, use INPand OUT (or PEEK and
POKE Willi Apples and Tandy Color Computers)
• They are all compatible with each other. You can mix and match up to 25
cards to lit your application Card addresses are easily set with jumpers.
• A-BUS cards are shipped with power supplies (except PD-123) and
detailed manuals (Including schematics and programming examples)
Relay Card re-i40:$129
Includes Right industrial relays, (3 amp contacts, SPST) individually
conliolled and latched. 8 LED's show status Easy to use (OUT or POKE in
BASIC). Card address is jumper selectable
Reed Relay Card re-156:S99
Same tealures as above, but uses 8 Reed Relays to switch low level signals
(20mA max). Use as a channel selector, solid stale relay driver, etc.
Analog Input Card ad-i42:$129
Eight analog inputs. to +5V range can be expanded to 100V by adding a
resistor. 8 bit resolution (20mV) Conversion time I20us Perfect lo
measure voltage, temperature, light levels, pressure, etc Very easy to use.
12 Bit A/D Converter AN-146:$139
This analog todigital converter is accurate to .025% Input range is — 4 V lo
-MV. Resolution: I millivolt. The on board amplifier boosts signals up to 50
times to read microvolts. Conversion time is 1 30ms. Ideal lor thermocouple,
strain gauge, etc I channel (Expand lo 8 channels using the RE-1 56 card)
Digital Input Card in-i41:S59
Tho oiflht inputs arc optically isolated, so it's sato and oasy to connect any
"on/oil" devices, such as switches, thermostats, alarm loops, etc. to your
computer To read Ihe eight inputs, simply use BASIC INP (or PEEK)
24 Line TTL I/O dg-i48:$65
Connect 24 Input or output signals (switches or any TTL device) to your
computer The card can be set lor: input, latched output, strobed output,
strobed input, and/or bidirectional strobed I/O. Uses Ihe 8255A chip.
Clock with Alarm cl-144: $89
Powerlul clock/calendar with battery backup tor Time, Date and Alarm
setting (time and date); built in alarm relay, led and buzzer, liming to 1 / 1 00
second Easy lo use decimal (ormal. Lithium battery included.
Touch Tone 8 ' Decoder ph-i45:$79
Each tone is converted into a number which is stored on the board. Simply
read the number with INP or POKE. Use lor remote control projects, etc
A-BUS Prototyping Card pr-is2:si5
3V.' by 4'A in. with power and ground bus. Fits up to 10 I.C.s
ST-143
Plug into the future
With the A-BUS you can plug your PC (IBM, Apple,
TRS-80) into a future of exciting new applications in the fields
of control, monitoring, automation, sensing, robotics, etc.
Alpha's modular A-BUS offers a proven method to build your
"custom" system today. Tomorrow, when you are ready to take
another step, you will be able to add more functions. This is ideal for
first time experimenting and teaching.
A-BUS control can be entirely done in simple BASIC or Pascal,
and no knowledge of electronics is required!
An A-BUS system consists of the A-BUS adapter plugged into
your computer and a cable to connect the Adapter to 1 or 2 A-BUS
cards. The same cable will also fit an A-BUS Motherboard for
expansion up to 25 cards in any combination.
The A-BUS is backed by Alpha's continuing support (our 11th
year, 50000 customers in over 60 countries).
The complete set of A-BUS User's Manuals is available for $10.
Smart Stepper Controller sc-i49:$299
World's lines! stepper controller On board microprocessor controls 4
motors simultaneously Incredibly, it accepts plain English commands like
"Move arm 1 0.2 inches led" Many complex seguences can bo delined as
"macros" and stored in the on board memory, For each axis von cancontrol
coordinate (relative Or absolute), ramping, speed, step type (hall. lull, wave)
scale lactor. units,.holding power, etc. Many inputs: 8 limit & "wail until"
switches, panic button, etc. On the fly reporting ol position, speed elc. On
board drivers (350mA) lor small steppers IMO-103) Send lor SC-149 flyer
Remote Control Keypad Option RC-1 21 : $49
To control the 4 motors directly, and "leach" seguences ol motions
Power Driver Board Option PD-1 23: S89
Boost controller drive to 5 amps per phase For two motors (elyht drivers)
Breakout Board Option BB-122:S19
For easy connection ol 2 motors 3 It. cable ends with screw terminal board
Stepper Motor Driver st-i43:S79
Stopper motors are the ultimate In motion control The special package
(below) includes everything you need to get lamiliar with them Each card
drives two stepper motors (1 2V. bidirectional. 4 phase. 350mA per phasel
SpecialPackage:2mo!ors(MO-103) + ST-143: PA-181: $99
Stepper Motors MO-103:$15or4for$39
Pancake type, 2'U" dia, v«" shalt, 7.57slep. 4 phase bidirectional. 300
step/sec. 1 2V. 36 ohm, bipolar, 5 oz-in torgue. same as Airpax K8270 1 -P2
Current Developments
Intelligent Voice Synthesizer, 14 Bit Analog to Digital converter. 4 Channel
Digital to Analog converter. Counter Timer. Voice Recognition
A-BUS Adapters for:
IBM PC, XT. AT and compatibles Uses one short slot AR-133 $69
Tandy 1 000. 1000 EX & SX, 1 200, 3000. Usesoneshnrt slot AR-133 S69
Apple II, II+. lie. Uses any slot AR-134 S49
TRS-80 Model 1 02. 200 Pluos into 40 pn "svstem bus" AR- 1 36 $69
Mndel 100.Usos40pmsocket (Sockeiisdurtaiedonadaoteii AR-135 $69
TRS-80 Mod 3.4 ,4 D .Fits 50 run tare (WlhhBrddisk.iBey-ca&lel AR-132 S49
TRS-80 Model 4 P, Includes extra cabla 150 on bus .s recessed! AR-137 S62
TRS-80 Model I Plugs into 40 pin I/O ous on KB m E/l AR-131 S39
Color Computers (Tandy).Fus ROM sloi Muitmak or v -cable AR-138 S49
A-BUS Cable (3 ft, 50 cond.) CA-163: S24
Connects the A-BUS adapter to one A-BUS card or to first Motherboard.
Special cable for two A-BUS cards: CA-1 62: S34
A-BUS Motherboard mb-i20:$99
Each Motherboard holds live A-BUS cards. A sixth connector allows a
' second Motherboard to be added to the lirst (with connecting cable CA-
161:812). Up to live Motherboards can be loined this way to a single A-
BUS adapter. Sturdy aluminum Irame and card guides Included.
• The A-8US is not a replacement lor ihe Multl-pak
Cl-144
i?£IH
RE-140
r^riTTTrr^ * ■ t_]
J
AD-142
Add S3. 00 per order for shipping.
Visa, MC. checks. M.O. wolcomo.
CT & NY residents idd sales tax.
COD add S3.00 extra.
Canada: shipping Is S5
Ovorsoas add 10%
4 S'(jf"a InOuSiriBt Company
ALPHA iPmokmik
242- W West Avenue, Darien, CT 06820
Technical info (203)656-1806
ftff 800 221-0916
Connecticut orders (203) 348-9436
All lines open weekdays 9 to 5 Eastern time
SPECIAL
c0 co **
- FREE DEMO DISK
- FREE COCOSHOW PROGRAM
- FREE EXTRA FONTS DISK
:m>
must be the most enjoyable, useful,
and awesome program you've ever
seen or your money back. nJZXL*.
CALL NOW TOLL FREE 1 -800 221 iSSes, AND LET THE FUN BEGIN
itbffitV l*e TCure I've spent|
experience, p
'^Ig^Express
A FEW QUOTES :
tefchi-res color, very easy
Unlearn and use.
1 Fam//yComput'ng
In
i - ~^nTuleW~n^ hing
r^ e,S »hP Color Computer
rated again and again *
i, alo ri for the Coco.
a'
S^°-^'S?
the most
Note: There is only one CoCo Max III. Do not confuse (colorv, re's CoCo Max with similar sounding imitations.
«&g?
,\o*.
CO^AioQ
<<
The best program ever written for the Color Computer
IS
That's how thousands of enthusiastic users rated
theCoCoMaxll drawing program. With CoCo Max
III we are ready to amaze them again. Instead of
"patching" CoCo Max II, we rewrote it from scratch
to take advantage of the CoCo Max III hardware.
The results will knock your socks off ! Below is a
brief list of some of the new features, but some,
such asanimation, color sequencing, or the slide
show, have to be seen. Send for the Demo Disk, and
see for yourself.
Everybody's favorite drawing package features:
- A 50% larger editing window. - Zoom area 400%
larger. - New drawing tools: rays, 3D cubes, arcs,... -
New editing tools: shadow.text size,... - Rotate by 1.5°
steps - Select any 16 of the 64 possible colors (all 64
colors displayed at once!) - Powerful color mix: additive,
subtractive, overlay,... - Full color editing of patterns
and color changing patterns. - Incredible special eff-
ects with color cycling up to 8 colors with variable
speed. -Animation adds the dimension of motion to
your image. (Must be seen.) - Sophisticated data com-
pression saves up to 70% of disk space when saving
pictures.
In addition, there are dozens of enhancements to the
multitude of features that made CoCo Max II a best seller.
More about CoCo Max III
• CoCo Max III is not an upgrade of CoCo Max II. It is entirely
rewritten to take advantage of the new CoCo 3 hardware
(More memory, resolution, colors, speed,...)
• The new CoCo Max III Hi-Res Interface and the CoCo Max II
Hi-Res Pack are not interchangable.
• The new interface plugs into the joystick connector.
• The CoCo Max III disk is not copy protected.
• CoCo Max III only works with the CoCo 3.
• A Y-Cable or Multi-pak is not necessary.
• Colors are printed in five shades of gray.
• CoCo Max III can read CoCo Max II pictures.
Note: CoCo Max II (forthe CoCo 2) is still available on disk
($79.95). CoCo Max I is still available on tape ($69.95). For
details, refer to our double page ad in any Rainbow from
January '86 to July '87
Toll Free operators are (or orders only. II you need precise answers, call
the tech line. (Detained CoCo Max specs are included with the Demo Disk.)
Add $3.00 par ardor lor ihlpplna
VlH, MC. chocks, Ml) wslcomo
CT reildent* add talot In.
C.O.D. idd S3.00 oiln.
Canada: shipping Is $S
Ovarian add 10%
c
Technical m(o (203)656-1806
&°c n T ly 800 221-0916
Conneclicul orders: (203) 348-9436
All lines open weekdays 9 lo 5 Eastern time
# Beware ol interior imitations that DO NOT include a Hi-Res Interlace
or charae extra tor each utility.
Imagine this picture In sixteen colors!
Guaranteed Satisfaction
U»» CoCo Max for a full month.
If you are not delighted with It,
we will refund every penny.
System Requirements:
Any CoCo 3 disk system with a Joystick or a Mouse.
We apologize to tape users, CoCo Max III needs the flexibility o( a disk.
The CoCo Max III system includes: • The special Hi-Res
interface (foryour mouse orjoystick) • TheCoCoMaxll! disk • Many
utilities: (To convert Max ii pictures, Max colors. etc) • Adetailled User's
Manual. Complete system; nothing else to buy. CoCo Max III : $79.95*
WITH COUPON ONLY
FREE DEMO DISK
Name
Street
City
State Zip
Printer used:
Please include $2 to help defray Processing and Shipping
costs. (Check, Money Order, etc. Sorry, no COD or Credit
Cards). Coupon (or copy) must be mailled to:
[COLORWARE
A division of Sigma Industries. Inc.
COLORWARE
242-W West Avenue
Darien, CT 06820
tiling you'd like. You can create them
using Bui Id, Edi t or any other editor.
What they should contain, however, is
a list of the different applications (word
processor, etc.) available and the abbre-
viations used to access them. These
abbreviations can be anything you'd
like; however, they should not be the
names of other OS-9 commands, except
under special circumstances where you
actually want that command executed
(as would be the case in a DISKUTIL-
ITIE5 subdirectory containing the
Free or Format commands). Aside
from that, put anything you like in the
menu files — borders, titles, or anything
else. You can personalize these as much
as you want.
These menu files have one restriction:
They have to be named Menu. da t. so
that the system will be able to recognize
them as menus. (You will have several
files on your disk drive called
Menu, da t, but each will be in a different
subdirectory.)
"You can
manipulate your
files efficiently, and
there is no worry
about typing an
incorrect command
line or filename. "
Creating Your Own Commands
What we now want to do is use shell
scripts to create some new commands of
our own. The first one will be a com-
mand Co print the menu for whatever
subdirectory in which you happen to be
located at the moment. Because we
want this command (which will logi-
cally enough be called Menu) to work no
matter what subdirectory we are in,
we'll create it in the standard "current
execution directory," /H0/CMDS if you
are using a hard disk, or 'C0/CMDS for
a floppy system. (If you're not sure why
the file must be in this special directory,
refer to the OS-9 manuals.)
The Menu command is fairly short,
containing only two commands, Cls
and List Menu. dat. To create this file
using Build, type build /h0/cmds''
menu, followed by the two commands
above, and then enter a blank line to
end. Now. whenever you type menu,
you'll get a list of the menu file in the
directory you're currently in. If you
happen to do this in a subdirectory
without a Menu. dat file, you'll get an
error telling you that the file was not
found. However, as you'll see, you
won't normally encounter this.
Remember that we wanted such a
menu displayed when the system was
first booted up? This can be easily done
at this point. In the root directory there
is a special shell script named Start-
up that is executed when you first boot
OS-9. It normally will do things like set
the system clock, but you can add
(again, with an editor) at the end a line
containing only the command Menu.
You'll then get the menu displayed each
time you boot up.
Executing Your Applications
Only one piece of this whole system
is left to be discussed: How do we get
those application programs started by
just typing the abbreviations we've
decided to use for them? It should come
as no surprise that more shell scripts are
used. In particular, we have to create
one shell script per application. The
filename of the script must be the same
as the abbreviation used in the menu,
and the script must be in the same
directory as the Menu. dat file describ-
ing it.
What should these shell scripts do?
Well, exactly what you would do your-
self to execute the application! First,
you'd have to change directories so that
you are in the same directory as the
application. You'd then execute the
program by typing its filename. When
it was done, you'd change back to your
previous directory, and then redisplay
the menu.
Figure 4 is an example of such a
script, used to call a word processing
program called Scribble, which is in the
subdirectory WORDPROCESSOR. The
script would be called Wp, in accordance
with the menu in Figure I. Note the use
of Chd . . to return to the previous
directory.
Recall the earlier example of the
PROGRAMMING subdirectory. In this
case, we want the shell script on the
main menu to merely go to the new
directory and display that menu. This is
accomplished with a script containing
the two lines Chd Programming and
Menu. You also want an option on the
PROGRAMMING menu that returns to the
main menu. This script contains the two
lines Chd . . and Menu.
« Hera is an example shell
• script ahich will execute
• a program called 'scribble'
« in the 'sordprocessing'
« directory.
• Note that the lines shich
« start sith a '»' axe just
• comments ohich can be left
• out.
*
« If a program requires any
• parameters, they should be
• included in the second line
• beloo. For instance, you
• might need to change the
• line to 'scribble -c' if
• the program required this.
chd aordprocessing
scribble
chd ..
menu
Figure 4: The Up shell script
You've now seen the complete system.
No "sneaky tricks" were used — every-
thing was implemented using the stand-
ard ideas of subdirectories and shell
scripts. Again, note that even with all
the menus and abbreviations available,
you were still always using the OS-9
command line.
When you install new programs on
your system, you will need to do two
things — add to one of your Menu, dat
files a line describing the new program,
and create a new script file to call your
program.
It should be apparent why a hard disk
would be more appropriate than floppy
disks for a system such as this one.
Generally, all the applications would
reside on a single disk. A hard disk,
having much more space, would be able
to hold many more applications.
This system can actually be imple-
mented on any machine using an oper-
ating system that supports subdirecto-
ries and shell scripts (often called "batch
files"). Wouldn't you love to tell your
boss that the menuing system you've
installed on the company's IBM PS/2
Model 80 is an adaptation of something
on your "wimpy CoCo" he keeps laugh-
ing at?
(Questions and comments concern-
ing litis tutorial may be directed to the
author at 736 Queenston St., Winnipeg,
Man., Canada R3N0X7. Please enclose
an SA SE when requesting a reply.) /R\
24
THE RAINBOW July 1988
VIP Writer III
VIP Wnler has ALWAYS led Ihe pack with features and now VIP Writer III still leads the
wayl The chart below illustrates this (act Telewnter 128 only gives you 48K lor text
Why is it called Telewnter 128? Word power 3 gives only 72KI VIP Writer III makes use
ol over 106KI VIP Wnter III is the ONLY CoCo 3 word processor worthy ol irs namel
WORD PROCESSOR COMPARISON CHART
CoCo3wilh 128K
VTP Writerfll
Telewriter 128
Word Power 3
Text STbrace
OVER J9.M0
am
75.oofj
Pnnt Soooier
VE3 57.MC
" M5IC
NONE
Total Storage
106,000
48.000
72,000
Soeiimg Cnecker
VIP Soeller
NONfc
FREEWARE
RGB MD Support'
\iXfo
NONE
NONE
Screen UiSDlay
32/^0/64/80
4 0; 90
30
SCREEN DISPLAY OPTIONS
As the chart above shows - VIP Writer III offers more screen width options -all with 24
lines and actual lower case letters. It uses the CoCo 3s hardware display and double clock
speed and is VERY VERY FASTI You can choose tore and background colors from up to
64 different hues. Color can be turned ON or OFF for the best possible display using a
color or monochrome monitor or TV set VIP Writer III has a built in on-line context
sensitive help facility which displays command usage in easy to read colored windows.
CUSTOMIZER & PRINTER INSTALLER
VIP Wnter III comes with a configuration / printer installation program which lets you
customize VIP Wnter III to suit your own liking. You can set screen width and colors as well
as margins and more. You can also install your own printer and set interface type (serial,
parallel or J&M), baud rate, line feeds, etc. Once done, you never have to enter these
parameters againl VIP Writer III will load n' go with your custom configuration every timel
TEXT FILE STORAGE
VIP Writer III creates ASCII text files which are compatible with all other VIP Programs
as well as other programs which use ASCII file format You can use VIP Writer III to even
create BASIC programsl There is a 49K text buffer and disk or cassette file linking
allowing virtually unlimited text space. VIP Writer III works with up to four disk drives and
lets you display disk directories and free space as well as rename or kill disk files. In
addition VIP Writer III is 100% compatible with the RGB Computer Systems HARD DISK.
EDITING FEATURES
VIP Writer III has a full featured screen editor which can be used to edit text with lines up
to 240 characters long with or without automatic word wrap around. You can select
type-over mode or insert mode. There is even an OOPS command to recall a cleared text
buffer. Other editing features include: Type-ahead • lypamatic key repeat and key beep
for flawless text entry • end of line bell • lull four way cursor control with scrolling • top
of lextfile • bottom of texrfile • page up • page down • top of screen • bottom of screen •
beginning of line • end of line • left one word • nght one word • DELETE character, to
beginning or end of line, word to the left or right, or entire line • INSERT character or line
• LOCATE and/or CHANGE or DELETE single or multiple occurrence using wildcards •
BLOCK copy, move or delete with up to TEN simultaneous block manipulations • TAB key
and programmable tab slops • word count • tine restore * three PROGRAMMABLE
FUNCTIONS to perform tasks such as auto column creation and multiple copy printing.
TEXT FORMATTING
VIP Writer III automatically formats your text lor you or allows you to format your text in
any way you wisn. You can change the top. bottom, left or right margin and page length.
You can -set your text flush left, center or flush right. You can turn right hand
justification on or off. You can have headers, footers, page numbers and TWO auxiliary
lines which can appear on odd, even or all pages. You can also select the line on which they
appearl You can even change the line spacing! Parameters can be altered ANYWHEREI
PREVIEW PRINT WINDOW
VIP Writer III features an exclusive formal window which allows you to preview your
document BEFORE PRINTING ITI You are able to move up, down, left and nght to see
centered text margins, page breaks, orphan lines etc. This makes hyphenation a snap!
PRINTING
VIP Writer III pnnts TWICE as fast as any other CoCo word processorl It supports most
serial or parallel pnnters using J8M JFD-CP or Rainbow interface and gives you the
ability to select baud rates from 110 to 19.200. You can imbed pnnter control codes
anywhere in your text file EVEN WITHIN JUSTIFIED TEXTI VIP Writer III also has
TWENTY programmable printer macros which allow you to easily control all ol your
pnnters capacities such as bold, underline, italics and superscript using simple key
strokes. Oner features include: multiple copy printing ■ single sheet pause • line feeds.
PRINT SPOOLING
Save up to $1 50 on a pnnt spooler because VIP Writer III has a built in pnnt spooler with
a 57.000 character buffer which allows you to print one document WHILE you are editing
another. You don't have to wait until your pnnter is done before starting another jobl
DOCUMENTATION
VIP Writer III is supplied with a 125 page instruction manual which is well written and
includes many examples. The manual has a lutonal and glossary of terms lor the beginner
as well as a complete mdaxl VIP Wnter III memoes VIP Speller. DISK $79.95
Cassette version does not include VIP Speller. TAPE $59.95
VIP Writer owners: Upgrade to the VIP Writer III Disk for S49.95
or Tape for $39.95. Send original disk or tape. Include $3 S/H.
It's Word Processor Trade In Time
For a limited time you can trade in your old software tor the VIP Wnter I or III and save up
to $201 Send in your old disk or tape and manual. VIP Wnler tape $34.95, disk $49.95.
VIP Wnter III tape $44.95, disk $59.95. Include $3.00 shipping. Oiler expires 8/31/88
VIP Database III
The VIP Database III features selectable screen displays ol 40, 64 or 80 characters by
24 lines with cnoice of 64 foreground and background colors for maximum utility. It uses
the CoCo 3's hardware screen and double dock speed to be the FASTEST database
available! VIP Database III will handle as many records as will fit on your disks and is
structured in a simple and easy to understand menu system with lull prompting for easy
operation. Your data is stored in records of your own design. All files are fully indexed tor
speed and efficiency. Full sort of records is provided for easy listing of names, figures,
addresses, etc., in ascending or descending alphabetical or numenc order. Records can be
searched tor specific entnes using multiple search critena. With Database III mail-merge
you may also combine files, son and print mailing lists, pnnt form letters, adcress
envelopes - the list is endless. The built-in MATH package even performs arithmetic
operations and updates other fields. VIP Database III also has a print spooler and report
generator with unlimited print format capabilities including embeddable control codes lor
use with ALL printers. DISK $6935
VIP Database owners: Upgrade to the VIP Database III Disk for
$39.95. Send original disk. Include $3 shipping.
VIP Integrated Library
The VIP Integrated Library combines all six popular VIP application programs - VIP
Writer", Speller, Calc Database". Terminal and Disk-ZAP - into one program on one disk!
The program is called VIP Desktop. From the desktop you have instant access to word
processing with a spelling checker always in attendance, data management with mail
merge, spreadsheet financial analysis, telecommunications and disk maintenance. 64K.
required . Indude $4.00 shipoing for this product DISK $149.95
"CoCo 3 owners: Purchase the VIP Integrated Library /WDE (Writer & Database
Enhanced) which has Ihe VIP Writer III and VIP Database III in place of the VIP Wnter and
VIP Database. Include $4.00 shipping lor this product. DISK $169.95
| Previous VIP Library owners: Call or write for upgrade pricing.
VIP Writer
VIP Writer is also available for CoCo 1 and 2 owners and has all the features found in the
VIP Wnter III induding VIP Speller except for ihe following: The screen display is 32, 51,
64 or 85 columns by 21 or 24 rows. Screen colors are green, black or white. Help is not
presented in colored windows. Double clock speed is not supported. Parallel pnnter
interface is not supported. Print spooler is not available. Hard disk is not supported.
Even so, VIP Writer still out-features the rest! Ifs a CoCo 1 or 2 owners best cnoice in
word processors. Indudes VIP Speller. DISK $69.95
Cassette version does not indude VIP Speller. TAPE $49.95
VIP Speller
VIP Speller works wilh ANY ASCII file created by most popular word processors. It
automatically checks text files tor words to be corrected, marked for special attention or
even added to the dictionary. You can even view the misspelled word in contextl VIP
Speller comes with a specially edited 50,000 word dictionary, and worcs can be added to
or deleted from the dictionary or you can create your own. DISK $34.95
VIP Database
VIP Database has all the features of VIP Database III except the screen widths are 51, 64
and 85. Screen colors are green, black and whits, double speed is not supported, spooler
is not available. Still VIP Database is the best database tor the CoCo 1 & 2! DISK $49.95
VIP Calc
Now every CoCo owner has access to a calculating and planning tool better than
VisiCalc" 1 . containing all its features and commands and then some. VIP Calc displays 32.
51 , 64 or 85 characters by 21 or 24 lines right on the screen. VIP Calc allows up to a 33K
worksheet wilh up tp 512 columns by 1024 rowsl In addition, VIP Calc has multiple
windows which allow you to compare and contrast results of changes. Other features
include 16 DIGIT PRECISION • trig, functions • averaging • algebraic functions • column
and row ascending and descending SORTS • locate formulas or titles in cells • block move
and replicate • global or local column width • limitless programmable functions - works with
ANY printer. Embed printer control codes tor customized printing. Combine spreadsheet
data with VIP Writer documents to create ledgers, proiections. statistical and financial
budgets and reports. Requires 64K. DISK $59 3S
VIP Terminal
For your imporanl communications needs you've got » go beyond software that only lets
you chat. You need a smart terminal so that you can send and receive programs and
messages and pnnt theml The VIP Terminal leatures 32. 51, 64 or 85 characters by 21
or 24 lines on the screen and has a 43K byte buffer to store information. DISK $39.95
VIP Disk-ZAP
VIP Disk-ZAP is the ultimate disk repair utility for simple and quick repair of most disk
errors. Designed with the non-programmer in mind, the VIP Disk-ZAP will let you retneve
all types of bashed files. BASIC and Machine Language programs. It even works with 40
track dnves! The 50 page lutonal makes the novice an expert. DISK $24.95
All disk products are unprotected and run under RSDOS.
SSHD DSNITIEIRIPIRIISIES
©(503) 663-2865 ^POB 1233 Gresham, OR 97030
Please aod S3 lor snipping and handling. Ouisoe cararomal US aod S* SH COO oroers add an
additional S2.25. Checks allow 3 weeks loi delivery AH oihei oiOeis are snipped »e same day
IstewiiUf 12a n t noami* a Ccgnt«c Wad Po»* 3 & a laoanii* d Uaccan SOTtfrfc
CoCo Gallery
a
sandstone
-gasa-^ s
drawing » nu
CoCo-
THE RAINBOW July 1988
SHOWCASE YOUR BESTI You are invited to nominate
original work lor inclusion in upcoming showings of
"CoCo Gallery." Share your creations with the CoCo
Community! Be sure to send a cover letter with your
name, address and phone number, detailing how you
created your picture (what programs you used, etc.) and
how to display it. Also, please include a few facts about
yourself.
Don't send us anything owned by someone else; this
means no game screens, digitized images from TV
programs or material that's already been submitted
elsewhere. A digitized copy of a picture that appears in
a book or magazine is not an original work.
We will award two first prizes of $25, one for the CoCo
3 and one for the CoCo 1 and 2; one second prize of
$15 and one third prize of $10. Honorable Mentions may
also be given.
Please send your entry on either tape or disk to the
CoCo Gallery, THE RAINBOW, P.O. Box 385, Prospect,
KY 40059. Remember, this is a contest and your entry
Cnot be returned.
— Angela Kapfhammer, Curator
h on ORable
mention
!*»« Tut
J °»ysu chman
sag**,
of re,a^fo m
He/ P is on f ho
"OCoDrau, ....
Sc ""* owSt
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 27
1 F e atu
fe^
CoCo3or 16K ECB
ma
A logic problem tester
y Lei)
W<
^.oiu^lliii
\ ^T/bu're a pool ball salesman, and
\ / your best customer is irate. The
l b last set of 12 balls you sold him
has one defective ball. He tells you to
find out which of the balls, numbered
I through 12. is the culprit — and if it
is heavier or lighter than the others.
He tells you that you have three
weighings only, on a simple balance
scale. Your job is to figure out a weigh-
ing technique capable of finding the
rogue ball every time - the algorithm,
in computer talk. It must work in every
case, no matter which ball is the deviant,
and it must tell if the deviant is either
heavy or light.
One final point. A simple balance
scale doesn't weigh anything. It can only
show you if one side is heavier (or
lighter) than the other. If the left-hand
side drops, it is either because there's a
heavy ball on the left side or a light ball
on the right.
Bruce Ronald, an advertising copywrit-
er, holds a bachelor 's degree in speech.
He has written a science fiction thriller,
Our Man in Space, and the hook of the
musical Dracula, Baby. He and his wife,
Virginia, coauthored two prize-winning
local histories of Dayton and its suburb.
Oak wood — the latter on the CoCo.
It took me hours to find the trick (and
if you figure it out in 15 minutes, 1 don't
want to know). I have prepared a pro-
gram that will select a deviant ball foi
you, determine if it is light or heavy, and
conduct any three weighings (such as I .
2 and 3 versus 4, 5 and 6) you choose.
IXDOQO
FIGHT Ht'itin
Ir iVV t CR OH
There are two versions of the pro-
gram — one for the CoCo 3 and one for
the CoCos I and 2. CoCo 3 owners
should type in Listing I; CoCo I and 2
owners should type in Listing 2. /'he
CoCo 3 version uses the computer's
ability to handle 16 colors at once to
more or less match the yellow, blue, red,
purple, green, orange, maroon, black
pool ball sequence. The CoCo I and 2
version uses red and blue on a PM0DE3
screen.
28
THE RAINBOW July 1988
the Color Computer 3 Word Processor
For over 5 years now. Telewriter has been
the =1 Color Computer word processor,
both in popularity and in performance.
Telewriter's near perfect mix of sophisti-
cated professional features and a very natu-
ral user interface, has earned it the highest
praise in numerous magazines, and an in-
tensely loyal following among tens of thou-
sands of Color Computer users all over the
world.
HISTORY
Throughout the history of the Color Com-
puter. Telewriter has pioneered software
breakthroughs that set the standards.
In 1981, it was Telewriter 1.0 that first took
the Color Computer's inadequate 32X 16 all-
uppercase display, and replaced it with a
graphics-based 5 1 X24 upper and lowercase
display.
A few years later. Telewriter-6-i added high
density 64X24 and 8SX2<i displays and ac-
cess to the full 6iK of the newer Color
Computers.
THE NEW AGE
Today. Telewriter-64 is recognized as the
standard ColorComputerword processor. It
runs on all Tandy Color Computers — from
the original Color Computer 1, to the Color
Computer 2. and 3-
But the Color Computer 3 brings a whole-
new level of power to low cost computing
and. so. a new Telewriter is here to put that
power to work for you. We call it'l'elewriter-
128.
TELEWRITER-128
You don't mess with a good thing, so
Telewriter- 1 28 is still Telewriter-6-l at heart.
The commands, and the user interface are
essentially the same. If you know
Telewriter-64, then you already know
Telewriter- 1 28. And. if you don't know
Telewriter-64, you'll still have an easy time
learning and using Telewriter- 128.
80 COLUMNS
Butthereare major differences as well, First.
Telewriter- 1 28 uses the Color Computer 3's
new 80 column screen display.
This means, simply, that using Telewriter-
128 on a low cost Color Computer3 will look
a lot like using a more expensive word
processor on a much more expensive IBM
PC. PS/2, or clone.
SPEED
Second, Telewriter- 128 is lightning fast.
Telewriter-64 was fast in its own right, but.
by accessing the Color Computer 3's video
hardware directly, and by running the
machine in double speed mode. Telew riter-
128 is able to provide extremely fast scroll-
ing anil instant paging — functions whose
speed is crucial to serious word processing.
In this department, Telewriter- 128 doesn't
simply keep up with IBM-based word proc-
essors — it generally surpasses them!
Third, Telewriter- 1 28 adds a host of new
features big and small, that make it even
easier to use.
Features like: Quick function key access to
the editor or the menus — an instant on-line
help screen summarizing all Telewriter
commands and special characters — an
option file where you store your personal set
of formal and screen settings so you only
have to set them once!
Then, there's a quick save feature which
allows you lo save all your current work
without leaving the editor. There's a simple
way to cursor through the disk directory and
read in a file by just hitting ENTER. And
there's more.
NEW POWER
Telewriter-64 always had the power to
handle any kind of serious writing, from
letters to textbooks. But, here too.
Telewriter- 128 adds major features.
Like Macros — which let you insert whole
words or phrases (even sets c »fa mm >l c< ides
or formal commands) into your text, with a
single keypress. And every lime you power
up Telewriter- 1 28, the macro definition&are
automatically loaded", so they're always
there.
Then there's a Print Preview feature that
shows you, on-screen, the way y< >ur printed
text will look — with margins, headers,
centering, justification, page numbering,
and page breaks. This guarantees letter
perfect documents every time, and makes
tasks like widow orphan line elimination, a
breeze.
TELEWRITER-64 on TELEWRITER-128
Wecouldgo on listing features, but thepoint
is this: If you own a ColorComputer. you al-
ready have the hardware for the most
powerful, low cost word processor in town.
All you need now is to add die heart and
soul:
Telewriter-64, for the Color Computer I
and 2, costs S59.93 on disk. $49.95 on
cassette.
Telewriter-128 for the Color Computer 3
costs S79.95 on disk. $69.95 on cassette.
To order by Mastercard or Visa call (619)
755-1258 anytime, or send check or money
order plus S2 shipping ( Californians add 6%
sales tax) K):
COGNITEC
704 Nob Ave.
Del Mar. CA 92014
To upgrade from Telewriter-64 to
Telewriter-128, return your original disk or
cassette with S39.95. ( Add S10 if you're also
upgrading from cassette to disk. Deduct S 10
with proof of Oct '87 - Feb '88, purchase of
Telewriter-64.)
When t first got Telewriter-64 last year,
I was in heaven, t couldn't believe tbe
program's versatility and ease of use,
-The RAINBOW, Oct. 1985
Tnu-WRJTER-6-i FEATURES: Compatibility Willi iuil primer lhal works wiih
the Golor Computer; embedded control codes tor underlining, boldface, sub
superscript, variable fonts; formal commands for headers, centering, margin and
spacing cha n^fs anywhere in the document; Format menu IQ set margins,
spacing, page numbering. BAUD rate, lines per page, jusiificaiion; Chain
printing for one shot printing of multi-file documents, Past, full-screen editor
with wordwrap, block copy move deleie. global search anil replace, wild card
search, last 4-way auto-repeal cursor, fast scrolling, forward and backward
pacing, text alignment, labs, error proteciion. word and line counter. Insert or
deleie lexl anywhere on the screen. Simple, easy lo remember Commands.
i Iptional ascii files for compatibility with spell checkers, terminal programs,
and BASIC l.< tad, save, append, partial save files to disk or cassette, Kill, rename
and lisi disk flies, Cassette verify and auto-retry on error
TEU-WRITER-128 ADDITIONAL FEATURES: I'rinl preview from editor;
multiple copy print: footers: hanging indents: cursor thru disk directory i< I l< >.ul.
append, rename and kill files; quick file save from editor; keycliek; key repeal
true block move; l-i. I s *, or 28 line screen: -It) or HO column screen; dual speed
/^\
cursor; on-line help; overairike mode; word delete; wordwrap at margin; user
RAINBOW
definable macros; nested macros; insiant status window tor information on
cursor posilion, word count, etc.; insiant function key access to menus or editor;
options menu tor setting character and screen colors, key repeat and delay rales.
definable Foreign symbols.
IBM unci PS - areiroclemurksol International Justness Machines Inc 'tltNk vendor) unlj
The only tricky part of the program
is the array-in/ array-out routine that
allows input on a text screen and output
for the graphics screen. The CoCo 3
version is written for an RGB monitor,
and you may have to adjust the colors
for a TV set or a composite monitor.
Next month I'll give you the solution,
if you haven't mastered the problem by
then.
(Questions or comments regarding
this program may be directed to the
author at 101 Forrer Blvd., Dayton. OH
45419. Please enclose an SASE when
requesting a reply.) □
170 125 780 119
350 72 960 23
570 51 END 83
Listing 1: BALLS
5 REM BALL3 BY BRUCE W. RONALD
10 DIM LH(6):DIM RH(6)
20 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
30 HBUFF 1,3618:HBUFF 2,3618
40 X=RND( -TIMER)
50 X=RND ( 12 ) : Y=RND ( 1000 )
60 IF Y>=500 THEN Yl=l
70 IF Yl=l THEN Y$="HEAVY"
80 IF Y<500 THEN Yl=-1
90 IF Yl=-1 THEN Y$="LIGHT"
100 PALETTE RGB: WIDTH 40:CLS3:AT
TR3,2:REM CHANGE THIS FOR COMPOS
ITE MONITOR
105 PALETTE 6, 40 : PALETTE 7 , 38: PALE
TTE5,45
110 PRINT : PRINT : PRINT
120 PRINT" The Case of the Dev
iant Pool Ball"
130 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT : PRIN
T"One ball is either" ; :ATTR3 ,2, B
: PRINT" HEAVIER";
140 ATTR3 , 2 : PRINT " or" ; :ATTR3 , 2
,B: PRINT" LIGHTER"
150 PRINT : PRINT : PRINT
160 ATTR3, 2: PRINT: PRINT "YOU HAVE
3 WEIGHINGS TO DETERMINE WHICH
ii •
163 PRINT"BALL AND IF IT IS HEAV
IER OR";
165 PRINT" LIGHTER THAN THE O
THERS"
170 FOR T=l TO 1900: NEXT T
180 LOCATE26,20:PRINT"HERE WE GO
ii
190 FOR T=l TO 800: NEXT T
200 CLS:FOR C=l TO 4
210 WIDTH40:CLS3:ATTR3,2
220 IF C=l THEN A$=" WE
IGHING ONE"
230 IF C=2 THEN A$=" WE
IGHING TWO"
240 IF C=3 THEN A$=" WE
IGHING THREE"
245 IF C=4 THEN GOTO 500
250 R=0:L=0:FOR W=l TO 6: READ L
H(W) :NEXT W
2 60 FOR U= 1 TO 6: READ RH(U):NE
XT U
270 PRINT : PRINT : PRINTA$
280 PRINT: INPUT "TOTAL NUMBER OF
BALLS ON each SIDE";N
290 FOR E=l TO N
300 PRINT :INPUT"NUMBER OF BALL O
N LEFT SIDE";B
310 GOSUB 620
3 20 IF B=X THEN L=Y1
330 LH(E)=B
3 40 NEXT E
3 50 FOR E=l TO N
3 60 PRINT :INPUT"NUMBER OF BALL O
N RIGHT SIDE";B
370 GOSUB 620
380 IF B=X THEN R=Y1
390 RH(E)=B
400 NEXT E
410 H=144:V=80
420 GOSUB 640
430 HGET(10,61)-(155,108) ,1:HGET
(165,61)-(310,108),2
440 V1=61:V2=61
450 IF L>R THEN GOSUB 1010
4 60 IF L<R THEN GOSUB 1080
470 IF L=R THEN HPRINT (11,23),"
THE SCALE BALANCES"
480 FOR LA=1 TO 600: NEXT LA
490 NEXT C
500 CLS 3 : ATTR3 , 2 : PRINT : PRINT : PRI
NT : PRINT
510 PRINT" WHAT IS YOUR ANS
WER?"
520 INPUT" WHICH BALL IS DE
VIANT";J
530 IF J=X THEN PRINT" CONGRATULA
TIONS" ELSE IF J<>X GOTO 570
540 PRINT" Is it Heavier or
Lighter?
550 INPUT" ENTER H OR L";J$
560 IF J$=LEFT$(Y$,1) THEN PRINT
"RIGHT AGAIN": GOTO 590
570 PRINT "SORRY, IT WAS" ;X;" AND
IT WAS ";Y$:GOTO 590
580 PRINT"SORRY.IT WAS " ;Y$
590 INPUT"ANOTHER EXAMPLE" ;K$
600 IF K$="Y" THEN PRINT"TYPE 'R
UN' (AVOIDS DD ERROR IN 10)
605 IF K$="N" THEN PRINT"THAMKS ,
POOL BALL FANS"
610 END
620 IF B<1 OR B>12 THEN PRINT"BA
LL MUST BE NOT < 1 NOR > 12"
625 IF B<1 OR B>12 THEN PRINT "P
RESS BREAK AND RUN AGAIN"
630 RETURN
30
THE RAINBOW July 1988
640 REM GRAPHICS
880
IF
B=l
THEN
HPAINT(H-8,V) ,1,
650 HSCREEN2
12
66j3 HCOLOR 12,11
890
IF
B=2
THEN
HPAINT(H-8,V) ,2,
670 HDRAWBM10 , 92 ;C12 ;R146 ;U74 ;R
12
8 ; D74 ;R14 6 ; D8 ; L14 6 ; D74 ; L8 ;U74 ; LI
900
IF
B=3
THEN
HPAINT(H-8,V) ,3,
46, -U8"
12
680 HPAINT(14,95) ,3,12
910
IF
B=4
THEN
HPAINT(H-8,V) ,6,
690 FOR F=l TO N
12
700 B=LH(F) :GOSUB 800
920
IF
B=5
THEN
HPAINT(H-8,V) ,7,
710 IF F<N THEN H=H-2 4
12
720 NEXT F
930
IF
B=6
THEN
HPAINT(H-8,V) ,9,
730 H=176
12
740 FOR G=l TO N: B=RH (G) :GOSUB 8
940
IF
B=7
THEN
HPAINT(H-8,V) ,5,
00
12
760 IF G<N THEN H=H+24:NEXT G
950
IF
B=8
THEN
HPAINT(H-8,V) ,12
780 RESTORE : RETURN
,13
800 IF B=8 THEN HCIRCLE (H, V) , 11,
960
IF
B=9
THEN
HPAINT(H,V) ,1,12
13
970
IF
B=10 THEN HPAINT(H,V) ,2,1
810 IF B=8 THEN HCIRCLE (H,V) , 4, 1
2
3
980
IF
B=ll THEN HPAINT(H,V) ,3,1
820 IF B<>8 THEN HCIRCLE (H,V) , 11
2
,12
990
IF
B=12 THEN HPAINT(H,V) ,6,1
830 IF B<8 THEN HCIRCLE (H,V) , 4 , 1
2
2
im
RETURN
840 IF B>8 THEN HLINE (H-3 , V-ll) -
101jZ
FOR M=
=1 TO
10
(H-3,V+11) ,PSET
10 2£
V1=V1+4:V2=
=V2-4
850 IF B>8 THEN HLINE (H+3 , V-ll) -
103JZ
HPUT(10,Vi;
-(155,Vl+47) ,1,P
(H+3,V+11) ,PSET
SET
860 GOSUB 880
104£
HPUT(165,V2)-(310,V2+47) ,2,
870 RETURN
PSE1
1
QQQQQQQQOQ1QQOQQQQQOQOOQQQ1Q1O
CDCD
ACCESSORIES
OOOQOOOQQQOOOOOOOOOOOOQOOOO
Hardware
2 DrluB SyaLBPi(2 OSDO Drives In one case)"
5329,95
Drlue 1 Upgraded DSOD For your 26-3129 or
3131) SpeciFy Catalogs when ordering !!
$119.95
Drlue 0-SSDO Full Height" $209.95
Drlue 1-SSDD Full Height $135.95
COCO 3 512K Upgrade $219.95
COCO 3 Keyboard $34.95
liiitppB
Software & Misc.
Hi!
U
JB0B
30 CP5 - BLU
3K BUFFER
REQUIRES SERIAL ID
PARALLEL KIIEHFACE
Art Deli(440 Plx on 10
COCO Graphics Designer
ODOS - $29.95
disks!
3 -
$99.95
$29.95
$39.95
$54,95
noos
Serial to Parallel ConuBrters
FKEVS III - $19.95 Slxdriue - $19.95 1
Telewriter 64 - $59.95 COCO-Utll -
Gauntlet - $28.95
Dlsto Super Controllar
COCO in Stitch (X-Stltch Patterns)- $ 3.95
$39.95
Pyranix - $24.95
$99.95
Specify U.S. or Disto
Controller.
ALL DISK DHIUEB
CARRY ft 10 PAY
WARHAMY.
The Computer Center
5512 Poplar Ave. Memphis, TN 38119 901-761-4565
Add $4,90 for Shipping & Handling. UlSfl, Raster Card, 4 Honey Orders Accepted,
Allow 3 Weeks for personal checks, NO CODS. Prices nay change without notice,
IF YDU DDtl'T SEE
II, ASK US I
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 31
1050 NEXT M
1060 HPRINT(1,23) , "LEFT SIDE HEA
VIER OR RIGHT SIDE LIGHTER"
1065 FOR LA=1 TO 600: NEXT LA
1070 RETURN
1080 FOR M=l TO 10
1090 Vl=Vl-4:V2=V2+4
1100 HPUT(10,Vl)-(155,Vl+47) ,1,P
SET
1110 HPUT(165,V2)-(310,V2+47) ,2,
PSET
1120 NEXT M
1130 HPRINT(1, 23) , "RIGHT HAND HE
AVIER OR LEFT HAND LIGHTER"
1135 FOR LA=1 TO 600: NEXT LA
1140 RETURN
Listing 2: BRLL2
3 X=RND (-TIMER)
5 DIM LH(0,175)
90 168
260 240
1340 231
END 57
DIM RH(0,175)
******************************************
EDUCATORS-EXPERIMENTORS
CoCo EXPANDERS
Robotics - Synthesizers - Control, -A/D
EXTENDER • Extends Bus &
control lines for
easy access
• 1 horizontal &
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• Logic Analyzer
Plug In
• Gold connectors
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• 6821 PIA Chip
• 2-8 bit l/O's +
4 control lines, E, R/W I
• Bread board style
output connectors
• Use alone or with
extender
• Gold edge connector $45.00
SEND CHECK OR MONEY ORDER TO:
FRASER INSTRUMENT CO.
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9-6 M-F (MST) *
7 PRINT: PRINT
10 PRINT: PRINT: PRINT :PRINT"THIS
IS A TOOL TO DETERMINE IF"
11 PRINT"YOUR TECHNIQUE CAN SOLV
E THE 12"
12 PRINT"POOL BALL PROBLEM"
15 PRINT "IT WILL ALLOW YOU TO WE
IGH UP"
16 PRINT"TO SIX BALLS ON EITHER
SIDE"
17 PRINT" (SILLY, BUT ALLOWED)
20 PRINT"THE RESULTS OF EACH WEI
GHING WILL BE DISPLAYED."
25 PRINT"CAN YOUR TECHNIQUE SOLV
E every POSSIBILITY?"
30 INPUT "READY (Y/N)";A$
35 IF A$="Y" THEN CLS
40 X=RND ( 12 ) : Y=RND ( 1000 )
45 IF Y>501 THEN Y$="HEAVY"
48 IF Y<500 THEN Y$="LIGHT"
50 IF Y$="HEAVY" THEN Z=l
55 IF Y$="LIGHT" THEN Z=-l
60 FOR W=l TO 4
65 IF W=l THEN W$="ONE"
70 IF W=2 THEN W$="TWO"
75 IF W=3 THEN W$="THREE"
80 IF W=4 GOTO 240
90 CLS: PRINT: PRINT: PRINT" WE
IGHING ";W$
95 L=0:R=0
100 PRINT: INPUT "HOW MANY BALLS
DO YOU WISH ON each SIDE OF TH
E FULCRUM" ;N1
105 PRINT
106 FOR E=l TO Nl
110 INPUT "NUMBER OF BALL ON LEF
T";LB
120 GOSUB 1600
130 NEXT E
160 PRINT: FOR F=l TO Nl
170 INPUT "NUMBER OF BALL ON RIG
HT SIDE";RB
180 GOSUB 1650
190 NEXT F
221 PRINT
225 GOSUB1000
2 30 NEXT W
240 CLS : PRINT : PRINT : PRINT : INPUT
"WHICH BALL IS DIVTANT" ;A1
245 IF A1XX THEN PRINT"SORRY. T
HE BALL WAS"; X; "AND IT WAS •';
Y$: INPUT"TRY AGAIN (Y/N) " ;I$ : GOT
O 270
250 IF A1=X THEN INPUT "RIGHT. H
eavy or Light" ;A1$
260 IF A1$=LEFT$(Y$,1) THEN PRIN
T "RIGHT AGAIN"
261 IF Al$="" THEN 260
262 IF A1$<>LEFT$(Y$,1) THEN PRI
NT"SORRY. IT WAS";Y$
265 INPUT "ANOTHER EXAMPLE? (Y/N)
32
THE RAINBOW July 1988
";l$
1340
FOR T=l TO 300 -.NEXT T: PRINT
270 IF I$="Y" THEN GOTO 4j3
@480,
"THE SCALE BALANCES"
28j3 IF I$=" " THEN GOTO 28j3
1345
FOR U= 1 TO 800: NEXT U
290 IF I$="N" THEN PRINT "END"
13 50
IF L>R THEN GOSUB 1400
295 END
1360
IF L<R THEN GOSUB 1500
1000 PMODE 3,1:PCLS
1370
RETURN
1010 SCREEN 1,1: COLOR 2,1
1400
FOR M=l TO 7
1020 DRAW "C3;BM 0, 96 ;D8 ;R123 ;D6
1410
Vl=Vl+8:V2=V2-8
0;R8;U60;R123;U8;L123;U84;L8;D84
1430
PUT(Hl,Vl)-(H2,Vl+48) ,LH,PS
;L123"
ET
1030 PAINT (4, 100) ,4,3
1440
PUT(H3,V2) -(H4,V2+48) ,RH,PS
1040 V=84:H=106
ET
1050 FOR G=l TO Nl
1450
NEXT M
1060 CIRCLE (H,V) ,11,3
1480
PRINT @ 4 4 8, "LEFT HAND SIDE H
1070 H=H-20:IF N1=G THEN GOTO 12
EAVIER" :FOR T= 1 TO 800: NEXT T
00
1490
RETURN
1080 NEXT G
1500
FOR M= 1 TO 7
1200 H=148:FOR G=l TO Nl
1510
Vl=Vl-8:V2=V2+8
1210 CIRCLE (H,V) ,11,3
1520
PUT(Hl,Vl)-(H2,Vl+48) ,LH,PS
1220 H=H+20:IF N1=G THEN GOTO 13
ET:PUT(H3,V2) -(H4,V2+48) ,RH,PSET
00
1530
NEXT M
12 30 NEXT G
1560
PRINT@448, "RIGHT HAND SIDE
1300 REM FILLS IN MISSING LINE
HEAVIER": FOR T= 1 TO 800: NEXT T
1310 GET(0,66)-(123,114) ,LH,G
1570
RETURN
1320 GET(133,66)-(256,114) ,RH,G
1600
IF LB=X THEN L=Z
1325 V1=64:V2=64:H1=0:H2=123:H3=
1610
RETURN
133:H4=256
1650
IF RB=X THEN R=Z
1330 IF L=R GOTO 1340 ELSE 1350
1660
RETURN
^E ?CTiLma^FJ5S3arrjprre(?w> 7^
a
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RAMdisk il available, reducing compile-time. Go Irom edil mode lo compile and back lo edil with
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July 1988 THE RAINBOW 33
A program editor for the Co Co 3
CoCo's
urrent Companion
' ince the entry of the CoCo 3 into
uhe world of microcomputing, the
'capabilities of amateur pro-
grammers have increased significantly.
Every Joe Average Hacker with access
to a Color Computer can now utilize
640-by-192 resolution graphics, 64
colors, 80-column screens, and error-
trapping techniques without ever learn-
ing assembly language. For all CoCo's
strong points, however, its 3 users are
still plagued with the antique Color
BASIC 1.0 program editor. How many
times have you muttered curses after
keying in a long line of hexadecimal
DATA statements only to press CLEAR
instead of ENTER? How many times
have you irrevocably lost valuable bytes
of code with the clumsy EDIT com-
mand? How many times have you
dreamed of full-fledged cursor control
with auto-key repeat?
Buddy is a program editor worthy of
the Color Computer 3. Don't be fooled
by its juvenile name or cartoon-like title
screen; Buddy is quite a powerhouse. It
supports 40- and 80-column text, disk
and tape systems, and I28K or 5I2K.
machines. With 49,000 bytes (128K) or
442,250 bytes of workspace (51 2K), you
will be limited only by the amount of
memory the computer allocates to
BASIC (usually 24,872 bytes). In addi-
tion. Buddy possesses many of the
I 3
Marc Campbell, a .self-taught pro-
grammer, is a senior in high school,
where he participates in drama and is an
editor and award-winning writer for the
school newspaper.
G£y Msi\?€ (QftorniipMQ
advanced editing features of expensive
word processors. Simply key in Listing
I (knowing that it may be the last time
you will ever need to use the original
basic editor) and save it to tape or disk.
To execute the program, type RUN and
press ENTER. You will be greeted by a
colorful title screen in 320-by-192 reso-
lution graphics. Press any key to begin.
You are asked to press I if your CoCo
has 1 28 K or 2 if it has 5I2K; respond
appropriately. You are now ready to use
Buddy.
The top line on the screen is known
as the memory bar. The first number
displayed is the number of 250-
character lines that may be entered into
memory. The second number tells you
how many more characters may be
entered on the current line. The various
letters you will find on the memory bar
will be explained later.
Entering Text
Buddy allows you to enter program
lines as you normally would using the
CoCo's built-in editor. Lines may be
entered in any order; the computer will
arrange them in numerical order when
you load the program into BASIC. No
P(Bg(SLrB[o)ttD(S)Ln]
AS
Contains character of
R$
Replacement string
key pressed
RTS
Right portion of a line
cs
Name of the com-
T$
Target string
mand being executed
AL
Returns a 1 if auto-
CLS
Line that has been cut
matic line numbering
and pasted
is on
ES
PLAY string for error
AZ
Dummy variable
tone
Bl<
Background palette
L$
Line currently being
color
edited
C
Printout width
LNS
Line being manipu-
lated by a command
CH
Character's palette
color
LTS
Left portion of a line
CP
Returns a 1 if cut and
NBS
Line number being
paste is on
searched for
CW
Command window
PS
PLAY string for key
palette color
click tone
DV
Input/output device
OS
Dummy variable
number
34
THE RAINBOW July 1988
two lines may have the same number;
although Buddy will recognize them as
separate lines, BASIC will not.
For now, type in a line of BASIC code
(you must include a space after the line
number), but do not press ENTER just
yet. Buddy allows for four-directional
cursor control. Move the cursor left,
right, up, and down by pressing the
appropriate arrow key. (The CLEAR key
generates an up-arrow character.)
Holding down an arrow key speeds the
cursor through your text automatically.
You may edit any portion of the line
simply by positioning the cursor and
typing over the old text. (Since the
LOCATE command wipes out the char-
acter under the cursor, some of your line
may seem to vanish. PressSHiFTand the
left arrow key to reprint the line in its
entirety.)
Suppose you want to delete a char-
acter in your line. Position the cursor
under the character you want erased
and press Fi. Voila/The character never
knew what hit it. (Notice how the rest
of the line moves over one space to the
left to fill the gap.) To insert a space in
the line, position the cursor under the
character you want the space to precede
and press F2.
If you want to lop off part of the line
you're entering, press SHIFT-F2. The
character under the cursor and every-
thing after it are deleted.
At the moment, Buddy is operating
in overstrike mode, which means char-
acters that are typed over are replaced.
By pressing ALT, you may enter the
insert mode. (The O for overstrike on
the memory bar turns to an I for insert.)
Position the cursor under a character in
your line, enter insert mode, and type
several characters. Notice how insert
mode works; the rest of the line is
pushed one space to the right to make
room for the new characters. The key-
board does not respond as quickly in
insert mode as it does in overstrike, so
take your time when typing. You may
not begin a line in insert mode; return
lo overstrike mode by pressing ALT
again.
As you know, the CoCo 3 is capable
of producing true lowercase letters.
Press SHlFT-0 to toggle between upper-
case mode (all caps) and lowercase
mode (mixed). The memory bar returns
a U for uppercase or L for lowercase,
depending on the mode you are in.
If you have ever typed in a program
from THE rainbow, you know that the
magazine formats program listings in 32
columns. This way, you can check to see
if the position of the character at the far
right of your 32-column screen matches
the position of the one in the magazine
as a method of proofreading your own
work. Press SHIFT-CTRL to see the line
you are currently typing on a 32-column
screen. You may not edit on the 32-
column screen; press any key to return
to the editor.
Now that you have experimented
CoCo3
with some of the program's features,
position the cursor wherever you want
the line to end and press ENTER. You are
asked if you are finished with the cur-
rent line; press Y for yes or N for no.
If you choose no, you will be returned
to the line. Press SHIFT and the left
arrow key to restore any erased charac-
ters, and continue editing. If you select
yes, the line is sent to memory. After a
moment's wait, the screen will clear and
you may enter another line.
Commands
Press CTRL and you will be sent into
command mode. A portion of the
screen called the command window is
blocked off, and you will be prompted
to enter a command. There are nineteen
commands recognized by Buddy. At
any time during a command, press ESC/
BREAK to return control to the editor.
(The proverb made famous by Telewrit-
er, "When in doubt press BREAK,"
applies.) All of the command proce-
dures are well-prompted in plain Eng-
lish messages for maximum user-
friendliness.
Automatic Line Numbering): This
command toggles the automatic line
numbering feature. Specify the starting
line number and the interval of increase,
and Buddy takes care of the rest. For
instance, if you define the starting line
as 10 and the interval as 20, the com-
puter would number your program's
ED
Returns a 1 if edit
mode is on
LLlX)
Array containing the
length of Line X
00
Dummy variable
Dummy variable
EE
Length of line being
cut and pasted
LN
Line number being
searched for
5
First address editor
may LPDKE to
EL
End position of line
being edited
LP
Position of cursor in
line
SR
Starting line of auto-
matic line numbering
EN
I
End position of por-
tion being cut
Returns a 1 if insert
mode is on
Increment of auto-
matic line numbering
LU
LX
MU
Number of lines used
Line being edited
Bytes of memory used
ST
U
Start of portion of line
being cut
Width of editing
screen
1C
MX
MY
NC
Dummy variable
Dummy variable
Total number of oc-
X
XQ
Horizontal position of
cursor
Dummy variable
IR
Returns a zero if no
currences of target
XX
Dummy variable
occurrences of target
found
PL
Position in line being
searched
Y
Vertical position of
cursor
L
Maximum number of
lines
PS
Memory position of
search
z
Returns a zero if line
numbering was just
LC
Number of occurren-
PT
Position of editor in
turned on
ces of target in line
the program
zz
Dummy variable
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 35
lines as follows: 10, 30, 50, 70, 90, etc.
B (Return to BASIC): This command
sends you back to basic.
C (Cut & Paste): This command lets
you lake part of a line and move it to
another location. Upon executing this
command, position the cursor at the
beginning of the portion you want to
cut, and press S for start position. Move
the cursor to the end of the portion you
want to cut and press E. Finally, posi-
tion the cursor at the spot you want the
cut portion to move and press M. After
verification, the line will be cut and
pasted.
D (Disk Directory): This command
does a disk directory and displays the
number of free granules remaining.
Press any key to return to the editor.
E (Edit Line): This command allows
you to edit a line you previously typed
in. An E for edit mode will appear on
the memory bar. You may not execute
another command while in edit mode.
Press ENTER to return to the normal
mode of operation.
F (Find Text): This command causes
the computer to search through mem-
ory for a target string. When it finds the
string, it displays the line that contains
the string and asks you if you want to
continue the search. Press Y or N. The
search continues until you abort by
pressing N or no more occurrences can
be found. If you do press N, you will be
sent (in edit mode) to the line that
contains the target string.
G (Global Replace): This command
works like Find Text above, but the
computer will change every occurrence
of the target string it finds to a replace-
ment string. If the replacement string
plus the original line take up more than
250 characters, none of the occurrences
in the line will be changed.
H (Alter Colors): This command
changes the colors of the display. Input
the palette color (0-63) for the charac-
ters, background and command win-
dow.
•* (Kill Disk File): This command
kills a file saved to disk.
L (Disk Load): This command loads
any ASCII-saved program with the
extension .BAS into memory so that
Biulily may edit it. The loading process
Lines
Description
1 -12
13-15
16-17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37-38
39-41
42-47
48-53
54-58
59
60-78
79
80-88
89-95
96
97-103
104
105
106-107
108-111
112-113
114-115
116-117
118-119
120-127
128-146
147
Draw the title screen. Pni<E&HEG7B,&H39:H5CREEN2: POKE-
&HEGB7.&H20 prevents Ihe computer Irom switching to the Hi-Res
screen while the actual drawing and painting is taking place. The line
P0I<E&HEGE<1.&HE6:H5CREEN2:P0I<E&HEGE4,&HE7 undoes the
previous pokes.
Initialize the program.
Prepare the computer lor the incoming line.
Checks to see if a key is being pressed.
Generates an up arrow if clear is pressed.
Hacks line at cursor if shift-f2 is pressed.
Follows a routine if enter is pressed.
Deletes the character under the cursor if F1 is pressed.
Inserts a character at the cursor if F2 is pressed.
Jumps to command mode if ctrl is pressed.
Toggles between insert and overstrike modes if alt is pressed.
Controls the cursor if the left arrow key is pressed.
Controls the cursor if the right arrow key is pressed.
Controls the cursor if the down arrow key is pressed.
Controls the cursor if the up arrow key is pressed.
Rewrites a line if SHiFT-left arrow is pressed.
Prints a line on 32-column screen if shift-ctrl is pressed.
Sounds the error tone if an illegal key is pressed.
Stops the computer from accepting any characters if the workspace
is filled. The computer jumps to Line 35 if it is in insert mode; otherwise.
the character is added to the line.
Stops the computer from extending a line past 250 characters.
Prints the character of the key that was pressed.
Adds the character to the line if the computer is in insert mode:
everything following it is shifted one space to the right.
Call a subroutine to prevent the computer from locating an illegal
position.
Call a subroutine when enter is pressed.
Call a subroutine for auto-key repeat of cursor control.
Call an error-trapping routine.
Call a subroutine to print the memory bar.
Calls a routine for entering command mode. You are asked to select
a command, provided you are not in edit mode.
Contain various commands; check the value of Cs in each line to
determine which command the line controls.
Sounds the error tone if an illegal command is selected, and the
computer returns to Line 57.
Contain the global find and replace subroutine.
Contain the single-line find and replace subroutine.
Calls a subroutine to center the command name on the screen.
Find the text subroutine.
Reformats the editor screen and closes any open devices. Pressing
esc/break sends you to this line.
Erases the command window and returns to the line being edited.
Contain an initialization routine for the automatic line numbering
command.
Search for a particular line number.
Contain the output to printer routine.
Call a subroutine to generate a "Press any key to continue" prompt.
Call a subroutine to generate an "Are you sure' (Y/N)" prompt.
Contain the Save routine.
Contain the Load routine.
Contain the Cut and Paste routine.
Calls a subroutine to bypass the CLOSEtU command on non-disk
systems, which would otherwise generate a DN Error.
36
THE RAINBOW July 1988
will stop after the program is completely
in memory or after the workspace is
filled (whichever comes first).
M (Memory Used): This command
displays the number of bytes your
program consumes.
^ (Erase Memory): This command
clears the workspace, as the NEW com-
mand of BASIC.
' (Output To Printer): This com-
mand sends the program to your prin-
ter. You may specify the width of the
printout.
v (Key Click): This command toggles
the key click feature.
" (Replace Text): This command
works identically to Global Replace
(CTRI.-G) with one exception. Occurren-
ces of the target string in the current line
only will be replaced.
5> (Disk Save): This command saves
your program to disk under the exten-
sion .BflS.
(CTRL-S) above, but output is to the
cassette recorder.
U (Cassette Load): As Disk Load
(CTRL-L) above, but the computer re-
ceives input from the cassette recorder.
W (Alter Width): This command
toggles between 40 and 80 columns of
text.
Error Messages
Using the ON ERR GDTD command.
Buddy makes use of error-trapping for
crash-free operation. The computer
reports errors above the memory bar by
printing WARNING: and the appro-
priate error message.
Out Of Range: You have input a
number or string that is out of the
computer's range (i.e., attempting to
change the background to Color 100).
Overflow: More commonly called the
"Wise Guy Error." You cause an over-
flow if you input a number that the
computer cannot handle (anything
larger than nine digits).
T (Cassette Save): As Disk Save Input/Output Error: The computer is
having difficulty reading or writing to
your tape or disk. Check to make sure
the device has been turned on.
Disk Error: Any number of things
may be going wrong: the disk may not
be formatted, the file you specified may
not exist, the disk may have write-
protection tabs on it, the disk may be
garbled, etc. Physically examine your
disk, or experiment with it in BASIC, to
get to the source of the problem.
If the computer encounters an error
that does not fit into any of these
categories, you will be returned to the
standard 32-column screen. On the top
line you will find the error number and
the line that is generating the error.
There is probably a typographical error
in the line somewhere, but more serious
errors may be the result of an oversight
on my part. Write me if you discover a
chronic bug that you just can't squash.
Shortcomings
Since Buddy was written in BASIC,
there are certain features of the built-in
editor that my program cannot dupli-
cate. For example, no matter if each line
contains two or 200 characters, you'll
INTRODUCING THE
WARGAME DESIGNER
TAKE COMMAND! Now you can create your own I & 2 player wargames and more.
II you are into wargames. science fiction or Dungeons and dragons, you'll love the WGD
system.
The completely menu driven system allows you to create your own lull color Hi-res icons
for units and map features. Take control of the number of units, strength, movement, turn
of enlry, range of lire, terrain modifiers and objectives. No programming required!
WGD comes with a 23 page manual and 2 Hippy diskettes in a rigid vinyl case with these
four ready to play scenarios:
INVASION NORTH
ATTACK ON MOSCOW
ROBOT COMMAND
DUNGEON WARRIOR
a nver crossing challenge
a historic simulation 1941
a s-fi thriller
save the damsel in distress
/^\
Complete WGD system ONLY $29.00 Each scenario available separately with WGD
system demo lor ONLY SI 0.00.
COCO 3 128K Disk
GRIDIRON STRATEGY
The FIRST and still the BEST 2 player football strategy game tor
the COCO 3 128Kdisli.
Over 20 offensive plays and 10 defensive alignments. See the
RAINBOW review 8/87. '..fascinating.' Totally unique playing
RAINBOW
Disk, manual and playing aids only $21.00.
SSSSSSSSSSS WEEKLY WINNER 2.0 SSSSSSSSSS
A graphics oriented PROVEN WINNER! Features statistical analysis, intuition and luck.
Manual contains little known lacts about winning number characteristics. Works with all
stale lotteries all number combinations.
'I won S90.00 the first time I used it .' KJO. OH
ONLY SI0.00
Orders shipped first class FREE within 24 hrs. of receipt.
SPORTSware 1251 S. Reynolds Rd., Suite 414. Toledo. OH 43615
£Q (419) 389-1515 ^
KLC SOFTWARE
1121 Finfrock • Pasadena, TX 77506
(713) 472-0078
AVATEX 1200e Auto Answer/Dial
100% Hayes compatible with
FREE CompuServe Time - $95.00
STAR NX-1000 Multi-Font Printer
144 cps Draft/36 cps NLQ - 20 TYPE STYLES!
$199.95
DS/DD DISKETTES
10 for $5.95 • 100 for $44.95
Lifetime Guarantee!
QUME DS/DD half-height Disk Drive
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Send your check or money order or call
(713)472-0078
C.O.D. accepted • Sorry, no credit cards
Please add $4.00 for shipping/handling charges
Texas residents: add 7% sales tax
July 1988
THE RAINBOW
37
never fit more than 196 lines (1769 lines
with 512K) into memory. If the program
you are keying in contains more than
the maximum number of lines, save the
first part to either tape or disk and erase
memory (CTRL-N). Continue typing in
the program until you are finished or
until you fill the workspace again,
saving each section under a different
filename. When you have completed the
program and all its components are
saved, return to BASIC (CTRL-B). Load
the first portion into memory. For disk
systems, type nZR&Z" filename .BflS"
for each additional component. Tape
users should input the command OPEN
0-1, "filename-: POKE 111, 255: EXEC
&HAC7C for each additional component.
When the entire program is safely
tucked away into memory, resave it to
tape or disk.
If you ever want to delete a line that
you have already sent to memory, I
recommend you execute the Edit Line
command (CTRL-E), position the cursor
after the space that follows the line
number, and press ENTER. This way, if
you need room for another line, you
may edit the "empty" line and change
its line number.
(Questions or comments concerning
this program may be directed to the
author at 266 Riverview Drive. Eph-
rata, PA 17522. Please enclose an S AS E
when requesting a reply.) □
/
1
^
24 78 ....
...217
V
9
lb ...
52 89
78
23 ...
...129 101 ...
...253
30 ...
...155 111 ...
....26
45 ...
35 122 ...
...167
59 ...
...234 131 ...
....71
65 ...
....121 138 ...
...120
71
60 END ..
102
The listing: BUDDY
1 PCLEAR1:HSCREEN0:WTDTH3 2: PRINT
@202 , "INITIALIZING" : POKE&HE6B7 , &
H39 : HSCREEN2 : POKE&HE6B7 , &H20
2 POKE&HFFD9,0:ONBRKGOTO1:CMP:PA
LETTE9 , 15 : HCLS5 : HCOLOR8 : HDRAWBM
100,40R120F5D80G5L120H5U80E5":HD
RAW"BM110 , 50R100F5D60G5L100H5U60
E5":HDRAW"BM120,65E5R15BR40E5F10
":HDRAW"BM135 / 65G5F5R5U5":HDRAW"
BM180 , 70D5R5E5H5 " : HDRAW" BM165 , 65
D25L5"
3 HCIRCLE(160,93) ,35, , .15,0, .5:H
CIRCLE (160, 93) ,35, , .5,0, .5
4 HPAINT(120,70) ,0 , 8 :HPAINT ( 160 ,
108) ,4,8:HPAINT(97,70) ,4,8
5 HLINE(100, 130) -(85,145) ,PSET:H
LINE- (235, 145) , PSET:HLINE- (2 20, 1
30) , PSET:HLINE (100 , 135) - (95 , 140)
, PSET : HLINE- (225,140), PSET : HLINE
-(220,135) ,PSET:HLINE-(100,135) ,
PSET
6 HPAINT(101,13 2) , 4 , 8 :HPAINT (106
,138) ,9,8: HCOLOR3 : HLINE ( 10 1 , 1 3 3 )
- ( 120 ,13 3), PSET : HCOLOR8 : HLINE (85
,145) -(235,150) ,PSET,B:HPAINT(86
,146) ,4,8
7 HPRINT(4,20) , "THE FRIENDLY PRO
GRAMMING UTILITY"
8 HCOLOR4:HPRINT(4,22) ,"(C) MCML
XXXVIII BY MARC CAMPBELL"
9 HCOLOR8:HDRAW"BM3 5,10D20R50U5H
5E5U5NL50D20R50U20L20D10L10U10L2
0":HDRAW"BM135,10D20R45E5U10H5L4
5":HDRAW"BM185,10D20R45E5U10H5L4
5 " : HDRAWBM2 3 5 , 10D10R20D10R10U10
R20U10L20D5L10U5L20"
10 HPAINT(36,11) ,1,8:HPAINT(86,1
1) ,1,8:HPAINT(136,11) ,1,8:HPAINT
(186,11) ,1,8:HPAINT(236,11) ,1,8
11 POKE&HE6E4,&HE6:HSCREEN2:POKE
&HE6E4 , &HE7 : A$=INKEY$ : A$=""
12 IFINKEY$=" "THENPALETTE1 , Q : Q=Q
+1 : IFQ=64THENQ=0 : GOT012ELSE12
13 ATTR0,0:WIDTH40:CMP:CLS1:CLEA
R2 500:LOCATE2,10:PRINT"Are you u
sing (1) 128K or (2) 512K?":ONBR
KGOT013
14 EXEC4453 9 : A$=INKEY$ : IFA$="1"T
HENL=19 6:S=3 93 216ELSEIFA$="2"THE
NL=1769:S=0ELSEPLAY"V31L35O1C":G
OT014
15 PLAY"L30O3C":DIMLL(L-1) : PT=S :
W=40:E$="V31L3 5O1C":P$="V31L2 55O
1C" : POKE&HFFD9 , : ONERRGOT04 8 : VER
IFYON: CH=0 : BK=18 : CW=63 : ONBRKGOTO
104
16 ATTR0,0:PT=S+(2 50*LU) : L$=STRI
NG$ ( 2 50 , ) : EL=1 : LP=1 : X=0 : Y=3 : WID
THW:GOSUB54 : IFAL=1ANDZ=0THENZ=LU
+1 : L$=STR$ (SR) ELSEIFAL=1ANDZ>0TH
ENL$=STR$ (SR+IC* ( (LU+1) -Z) )
17 IFAL=1THENL$=RIGHT$(L$,LEN(L$
) -1) +" " : EL=LEN (L$) +1 : LP=EL: LOCA
TEX , Y : PRINTL$ ; : HSTATQ$ , Q , X , Y : L$=
L$+STRING$(250-LEN(L$) ,0)
18 LOCATEX , Y : A$=INKEY$ : IFA$=" "TH
EN18ELSEPLAYP$ : IFASC ( A$ ) >3 1ANDAS
C(A$)<12 3ANDA$o" A "ANDPEEK(343)<
>191ANDPEEK(341) <>191THEN33
19 IFA$=CHR$ ( 12 ) THENA$=" A " : GOT03
3
20 IFA$=CHR$(214)ANDLP<EL THENPR
INTSTRING$ (7 , 13) :MID$ (L$ , LP, 250-
LP) =STRING$ ( 2 50 , ) : EL=LP : IFED=0T
HENLL(LU)=EL:GOT018ELSELL(LX)=EL
:GOT018
21 IFA$=CHR$(13)THENPRINTSTRING$
(6,13): LOCATE ( W-40 ) /2 , 11 : PRINT" A
re you finished editing this lin
e (Y/N) ":EXEC44539:A$=INKEY$:IFA
$="Y"ORA$="y"THEN39ELSELOCATE(W-
40 ) /2 , 11 : PRINT : A$=" " : GOT018
22 IFA$=CHR$(103)ANDEL>1ANDLP<>E
L ANDLP<249THENLF$=LEFT$(L$,LP) :
RT$=MID$(L$,LP+1,250) :L$=LEFT$(L
38
THE RAINBOW
July 1988
F$,LP-1)+RT$+CHR$(0) :LOCATE0,3:P
RINTL$ : EL=EL-1 : G0SUB54 : G0T018ELS
EIFPEEK (343 ) =191THENPLAYE$ : G0T01
8
23 IFA$=CHR$(4)ANDEL<249ANDLP<>E
L THENLF$=LEFT$(L$,LP-1) :RT$=MID
$(L$,LP,250) :L$=LF$+" "+RT$:L$=L
EFT$ ( L$ , 2 5j3 ) : LOCATE^ , 3 : PRINTL$ : E
L=EL+l:GOSUB54:GOT018ELSEIFPEEK(
344)=191THENPLAYE$:GOT018
24 IFA$=CHR$(18 9)THEN59
25 IFPEEK(341)=191ANDI=0THENI=1:
GOSUB54:GOT018ELSEIFPEEK(341)=19
1ANDI=1THENI=J3 : GOSUB54 : GOT018
2 6 IFA$=CHR$(8)THENLP=LP-1:IFLP<
1THENLP=1 : PLAYE$ : GOT018ELSEGOSUB
54 : X=X-1 : IFX<0THENX=W-1 : Y=Y-1 : GO
T042ELSE42
27 IFA$=CHR$(9)THENLP=LP+1:IFLP>
EL THENLP=EL:PLAYE$:GOT018ELSEIF
LP=251THENLP=250:PLAYE$:GOTO18EL
SEGOSUB54:X=X+l:IFX>W-l THENX=0 :
Y=Y+l:GOT042ELSE42
28 IFA$=CHR$(10)THENLP=LP+W:IFLP
>EL THENLP=LP-W:PLAYE$:GOT018ELS
EIFLP=2 51THENLP=2 5J3 : PLAYE$ : GOTOl
8ELSEGOSUB54 : Y=Y+1: IFY>24THENY=2
4:GOT042ELSE42
29 IFA$=CHR$(94)THENLP=LP-W:IFLP
<0THENLP=LP+W:PLAYE$:GOTO18ELSEG
OSUB54 : Y=Y-1 : IFY<J3THENY=0 : GOT042
ELSE42
3j3 IFA$=CHR$ (21)THENLOCATE0,3:PR
INTL$:GOT018
31 IFA$=CHR$(1)THENWIDTH32: PRINT
L$:EXEC44539:A$=INKEY$:A$="":WID
THW : GOSUB54 : PRINT : PRINTL$ ; : GOTOl
8
32 PLAYE$:GOT018
3 3 IFLU+1>L THENPLAYE$:GOT018ELS
EIFI=1THEN3 6ELSEMID$ (L$ , LP, 1) =A$
: LP=LP+1 : IFLP>EL THENEL=LP
3 4 IFLP=2 5 1THENPRINTA$ ; : PLAYE$ : L
$=LEFT$(L$,2 50) : LP=25,0:GOTO18
35 PRINTA$? :HSTATQ$,Q, X,Y: LOCATE
, $ : ATTR0 , , U : PRINT : GOSUB54 : GOTO
18
3 6 IFEL<249ANDLP<>EL THENLF$=LEF
T$(L$,LP-1) :RT$=MID$(L$,LP,250) :
L$=LF$+A$+RT$ : L$=LEFT$ (L$ , 250) : L
OCATE0 , 3 : PRINTL$ : EL=EL+1 : MU=MU+1
: X=X+1 : LP=LP+1 : GOSUB3 7 : GOSUB54 : G
OT018ELSEPLAYE$ : GOT018
37 IFX>W-1 THENX=j3:Y=Y+l
38 RETURN
3 9 IFED=1THENED=0:LL(LX)=LP:LX=,0
ELSELL ( LU) =LP : LU=LU+1
40 MID$(L$,LP,2 50)=CHR$(13)+STRI
Happy
Independence hay
lo all ot our US
Customers!
Wild & MV Version 2.0 Use "wildcards" wilh most OS9
commands, or rearrange your directory tree. Features
recursive directory searches. Great tor hard disks. $19.95
EZGen Version 1 .0 Powerful OS9 booltile editor. Change
module names, add or delete modules, patch bytes, or
rearrange modules. Works on other liles, too. $19.95
Dog g or patch II you own Dyna Micro's Dungeons ot
Daggorath™ cartridge, this program will convert it to run Irom
dlskl Adds disk load and save, quit, screen print, repeat last
command, pause, and more. HYPER-I/O and RS-DOS
compatible. $12.95
R. S. B.
We broke oul Ihe champagne. II was revolutionary! Who ever thought you
could run BASIC, In an OS9 window?
Everyone knows that BASIC and OS9 are incompatible. The commands are completely
diflerent. The lloppy disks are completely dlllerent. BASIC programs won't run under
OS9.
Future Shock
Some people say that they "hale" OS9. Many people who buy OS9 don't use it, because
it's unlike anything they've ever seen belore. Well, like it or not. Level 2 OS9 Is Ihe luture
ot the CoCo. Even the newest games use OS9 now.
Burke S Burke has developed a new program, RSB, to help you take lhat lirst step
towards tailing in love with Level 2 OS9.
BASIC Clone?
The lirst time you run RSB, it copies your RS-DOS ROMs lo an OS9 disk lile. Our
proprietary installation software converts this disk lile lo an OS9 "shell" lhat can be run
like any other OS9 program. You can even program the CoCo to aulomatically use RSB
as your "shell" whenever you start up OS9.
RSB won't run machine language programs, but you can use all ol the lamillar Super
Extended BASIC™ commands and program statements. You can even lake advantago
ol OS9's built-in "windows" lo run several BASIC programs at oncel And RSB runs at Ihe
lull 2 MHz speed ot the CoCo - always.
II you have a Speech Sound PAK™, or a Super Voice™, RSB upgrades will allow you lo
use these devices lo execute commands like PLAY and SOUND "NO HALT".
Break out the champagne. Break out Ihe OS9. Breakout RSB. $39.95
Hard Disk Mania Sweeps America!
Exports Blame "Incredibly Sane" Low-Coal, High-Perlormonce Interlace
This year. 1988, may go down in CoCo history as The Year ot ihe Hard Disk". Burke &
Burke has provided hundreds ol low-cost, high perlormance hard disk interlaces lo a
very hot Color Computer market in only six monthsl
Hire a Veteran Today.
The CoCo XT hard disk Inlertace Irom Burke & Burke lets you connect up to 2 low
cost, PC compatible 5-120 Megabyte capacity hard drives to your CoCo. You buy the
drive, Western Digital WD1002-WX1 or W01002-27X (RLL) controller, and a case Irom
Ihe PC dealer ol your choice. Just plug them into the CoCo XT, plug the CoCo XT into
your Multi-PAK, and you have a 20 Meg OS9 hard disk system lor under $4501
Groat for multi-user systomsl The CoCo XT Inlertace uses advanced "NO HALT"
hard disk controllers, which do not halt your CoCo and do not disable or use interrupts
during hard disk access. You get lull type-ahead, and the system clock does not lose
time during hard disk access. Fully compatible wilh most RS-232 expansion portsi
CoCo XT (wilh anodized housing, 60 page user manual, hard disk back-up utility and
new, Version 2.1 drivers lor use with both OS9 & HYPER-fO) - $69.95. Or choose the
CoCo XT-RTC (Includes real-time clock / calendar with battery backup) - $99.95
THE PROFESSIONAL TOUCH: XT-ROM - Automatically boots and reboots OS9
Irom hard disk. Installs In your hard disk controller's BIOS ROM socket - $19.95.
Now: Hard Disk for BASIC
"Dynamic Disk Interlace" runs hard drives, big lloppics, and morel
You or someone lhat you know may have the 35 Track Blues. It strikes hundreds ol
CoCo users every year. One day you wake up. and say lo yourself, These 35 track
lloppy disks are just loo small."
There's only one cure. More storage. Get it. With HYPER-I/O. trom Burke 8 Burke.
BASIC lor the '90's
HYPER-I/O modifies the RS-DOS Disk BASIC in your CoCo 1, 2, or 3 to provide a
"Dynamic Disk Inlertace". Use your exisling BASIC and RS-DOS soltware with hard disk
interlaces (CoCo XT, DISTO). RAM Disks, and any mix ol lloppy drives Irom 160K to
720K each. Fully RESET proiected. user conligurable, expandable, OS9 compatible,
EPROM-able HYPER-I/O may soon be THE system ol choice lor the CoCo 1 , CoCo 2,
and CoCo 3. HYPER-I'O Version 2.4 now available lor only $29.95.
HYPER-III (RAM Disk and Print Spooler lor CoCo 3 HYPER-I/O) -$19.95
P.O. Box 1283 Palatine, IL 60078-1283 (312) 397-2898
ILLINOIS RESIDENTS PLEASE ADD 7% SALES TAX.
COD'S add $2.20. Slipping (within (ho USA) $2.00 per
CoCo XT; S1 .50 per disk or ROM. Pleaso nllow 2 weeks
(or delivery (ovornighi delivory also available (or in-stock nAI N BOW
Hems). Telephone orders accepted (312)397-2898 rannncATo*
/S^v
July 1988 THE RAINBOW
39
NG$(2 5j3-LP,0) :FORQ=1TO250:LPOKEP
T,ASC(MID$(L$,Q,1) ) :PT=PT+1 :NEXT
41 G0T016
42 LOCATEX,Y:PLAYP$
43 IFPEEK(343)=247THEN26
44 IFPEEK(344)=247THEN27
45 IFPEEK(3 42)=2 47THEN2 8
46 IFPEEK(341)=247THEN29
47 G0T018
48 GOSUB147:CLOSE#-l:POKESHFFD9,
j3 : ATTR0 , j3 , U : LOCATE^ , : PRINT "WARN
ING: "; :IFERNO=4THENPRINT"Out of
Range" :GOTO105
49 IFERNO=5THENPRINT"Overf low" :G
OTO105
5,0 IFERNO=2j3THENPRINT" Input/ Outp
ut Error" :GOT01j35
51 IFERNO=2 3THENPRINT"Not in ASC
II Format" :GOTO106
52 IFERNO>25ANDERNO<3 8THENPRINT"
Disk Error": GOTO 105
53 WIDTH3 2:PRINTERNO,ERLIN:END
54 LOCATE^ , ,0 : ATTR0 , , U : PRINT: LOC
ATE0 , 1 : PRINT " BUDDY » ; L-LU ; 2 50 -LP
55 IFPEEK(282)=0THENPRINT"L";ELS
EPRINT"U";
56 IFI=1THENPRINT" I" ;ELSEPRINT"
0";
57 IFED=1THENPRINT" E"ELSEPRINT
58 ATTR0 , j3 : RETURN
59 IFED=1THENPLAYE$:G0T018ELSEL0
CATE0 , 11 : ATTR0 , 4 : PRINTSTRING$ (12
,13) ; : LOCATE (W-19)/2, 11: PRINT"Se
lect a command: " ; :EXEC44539 : A$=
INKEY$:PRINTA$
60 IFA$="W"ORA$="w"THENC$=" Alter
Screen Width" : GOSUB9 6 : INPUT"Wou
Id you like 40 or 80 columns"; Q:
Q=INT(Q) :IFQ=40THENW=40:GOTO104E
LSEIFQ=80THENW=80: GOTO 104
61 IFA$="H"ORA$="h"THENC$=" Alter
Colors" : G0SUB9 6 :PRINT"Current C
olors:"CH;BK;CW:INPUT"Characters
, background, command window" ;CH
,BK,CW:CH=INT(CH) :BK=INT(BK) : CW=
INT(CW) :PALETTE0,BK: PALETTE 8, CH:
PALETTE4 , CW: GOTO 10 4
62 IFA$="Q"ORA$="g"THENC$="Key C
lick" :GOSUB9 6: INPUT "Key click (1
) on or (2) of f " ;Q:Q=INT (Q) : IFQ=
1THENP$="V31L255O1C":GOTO105ELSE
IFQ=2THENP$=" " : GOTO 10 5
63 IFA$="E"ANDLU>0ORAS="e"ANDLU>
0THENC$="Edit Line" :GOSUB9 6 :GOTO
1)38
64 IFA$="B"ORA$="b"THENC$="Retur
n to BASIC" :G0SUB96:PRINT"Are yo
u sure you want to exit? (Y/N)";
:EXEC4453 9:I$=INKEY$:IFI$="Y"ORI
$="y "THENWIDTH3 2 : POKE&HFFD8 , : AT
TR0 , : CMP : ENDELSE105
65 IFA$="M"0RA$="m"THENMR=j3 : C$="
Memory Used" :GOSUB9 6 : FORQ=0TO195
:MR=MR+LL(Q) : NEXT: PRINT "The prog
ram uses "MR"bytes . " : G0SUB114 : GOT
0105
66 IFA$="S"ANDLU>0ORA$="s"ANDLU>
0THENIFPEEK (18 8) =14THENLN$=" " : XX
=0:C$="Disk Save":GOSUB9 6:DV=l:G
OSUB118:GOTO104
67 IFA$="T"ANDLU>0ORA$="t"ANDLU>
0THENLN$="":XX=0:C$="Cassette Sa
ve" : GOSUB9 6 : DV=-1 : G0SUB118 : G0T01
04
68 IFA$="L"0RA$="1"THENIFPEEK(18
8 ) =14THENLN$=" " : XX=0 : C$=" Disk Lo
ad" : G0SUB9 6 : DV=1 : GOSUB120 : GOTO10
4
69 IFA$="U"ORA$="u"THENLN$=" " : XX
=0 : C$="Cassette Load" : G0SUB9 6 : DV
=-1 : GOSUB120 : GOTO 104
70 IFA$="K"0RA$="k"THENIFPEEK(18
8)=14THENC$="Kill Disk File":GOS
UB9 6:LINEINPUT"What is the filen
ame? " ; F$ : F$=LEFT$ ( F$ , 8 ) +" . BAS " :
P0KE&HFFD8 , : KILLF$ : GOTO 104
71 IFA$="G"ANDLU>0ORA$="g"ANDLU>
0THENC$="Global Replace" :GOSUB96
: HSTATQ$ , Q , MX , MY : LINEINPUT"Targe
t text: ";T$:LOCATEMX,MY:PRINTST
RING$ (7,13) : LOCATEMX , MY : LINEINPU
T"Replacement: ";R$:GOTO80
72 IFA$="D"0RA$="d"THENIFPEEK(18
8) =14THENC$="Disk Directory" :GOS
UB9 6:GOSUB114:ATTR0,0:WIDTHW:POK
E&HFFD8,0:DIR: PRINT" Free granule
s : "FREE (0 ) : P0KE&HFFD9 , : G0SUB115
:GOTO104
73 IFA$="C"ORA$="c"THENC$="Cut &
Paste" : G0SUB9 6 : CP=1 : GOSUB108 : EE
=LL( (Q-S)/249)-l:PRINT"Line"LN"f
ound." :LN$="":FORQQ=Q TO Q+249:L
N$=LN$+CHR$(LPEEK(QQ) ) : NEXT: GOTO
128
74 IFA$="R"ANDLU>0ORA$="r"ANDLU>
0THENC$="Replace Text" :GOSUB96:G
OT089
75 IFA$="F"ANDLU>0ORA$="f"ANDLU>
0THENC$="Find Text" :GOSUB9 6 : LINE
INPUT"Target text: ";T$:GOT097
7 6 IFA$="N"ORA$="n"THENC$="Clear
Memory ":G0SUB9 6: LOCATE (W-20)/2,
22:PRINT"Are you sure? (Y/N)";:E
XEC44539:A$=INKEY$:IFA$="Y"ORA$=
"y"THEN13
77 IFA$="A"ORA$="a"THENC$="Autom
atic Line Numbering" :G0SUB9 6 : INP
UT"Would you like it (1) on or (
2) off";Q:Q=INT(Q) : IFQ=1THENAL=1
: GOTO106ELSEIFQ=2THENAL=0 : GOTO10
5
40
THE RAINBOW July 1988
m
ftware
O- Just For the Fun of It "O
Order any item by August 31, 1988 and you may have your choice of
either the Silly Syntax story creation game (including two stories) or the
Flying Tigers arcade game for only $2.95!
CALLI GRAPH ER
CoCo Cailigrapher - (Hybrid
BASIC/ML) Turn your CoCo and
dotrmatrix printer into a
calligrapher's quill. Make beauti-
ful invitations, flyers, certificates,
labels and more. Includes 3
fonts: Gay Nineties, Old English
and Cartoon. The letters are Mi
inch high and variably spaced.
Works with many printers includ-
ing Epson, Gemini, Radio Shack,
Okidata 92A, Banana and Pro-
writer. Additional fonts are avail-
able (see below). Tape /Disk;
$24.95.
OS9 Cailigrapher - (C) Although
a different program from the
CoCo Cailigrapher, the 0S9 Cai-
ligrapher prints all the same
fonts. It reads a standard text file
which contains text and format-
ting directives. You may specify
the font to use, change fonts at
any time, centering, left, right or
full justification, line fill, margin,
line width, page size, page break
and indentation. Similar to troff
on UNIX systems. Includes Gay
Nineties, Old English and Car-
toon fonts. Additional fonts are
available (see below). Disk only;
0S9 Level I or II; $24.95.
Cailigrapher Fonts - Requires
Cailigrapher above. Each set on
tape or disk; specify RSDOS or
0S9 version; $14.95 each. Set
#1- (9 fonts) Reduced, reversed
and reduced-reversed versions of
Gay Nineties, Old English and
Cartoon; Set #2 - (8 fonts) Old
Style and Broadway; Set #3 - (8
fonts) Antique and Business; Set
#4 - (8 fonts) Wild West and
Checkers; Set #5 - (10 fonts)
Stars, Hebrew and Victorian; Set
#8 - (8 fonts) Block and Com-
puter; Set #7 - (5 small fonts)
Roman,
and Old World.
ibes, Digital
Economy Font Packages on
disk; specify RSDOS or OS9;
29.95: Font Package #1 -
Above font sets 1, 2 and 3 (25
fonts) on one disk. Font Pack-
age #2 - Above font sets 4, 5
and 6 (26 fonts) on one disk.
Both Packages #1 and #2 (51
fonts) on one disk; 49.95.
Cailigrapher Combo Package - Includes the Cailigrapher
and both Economy Font Packages, 54 fonts in all; speci-
fy RSDOS or OS9: $69.95.
Sample Cailigrapher Fonts
INFORMATION MGT.
TIMS (The Information
Management System) - (Hybrid
BASIC/ML) Tape or disk, fast and
simple general data base pro-
gram. Create files of records that
can be quickly sorted, searched,
deleted and updated. Powerful
printer formatting. Up to 8 user
fields, sort on up to 3 fields.
Tape/Disk; $19.95.
TIMS Mail - (Hybrid BASIC/ML)
Tape or Disk based mailing list
management program. Files are
compatible with TIMS. Fast and
simple to use. Supports labels 1,
2 or 3 across, 2rt to 4 inches
wide. Tape/Disk; $19.95.
TIMS Utility - (Hybrid BASIC/MU
Utility companion for TIMS and
TIMS Mail for multi-term search
[AND and OR logic), global
change and delete, split large files
and more! Tape/Disk; $14.95.
TIMS Combo Package - All
three of the above programs:
TIMS, TIMS Mail and TIMS
Utility on one disk - $34.95.
UTILITIES
OS9 Patcher - (C) Display and
modify the contents of a file or
memory module. Calculates
module CRCs; Disk only; OS9
Level I or II; $19.95.
Color Disk Manager - (100% ML)
Disk utility with these features:
Disk repair, selective track ini-
tialization, verify sectors, back-
ups, tape to disk transfer, ROM
Pak execution from disk, much
more! Tape/Disk; CoCo 1, 2, 3
(except for 64 K mode); $24.95.
EDUCATIONAL
Trig Attack - (100% ML) Ages 9
and up. In this educational arcade
game, enemy trigs travel along
math curves. Players learn im-
portant mathematical concepts as
they play. Sound effects, colorful
graphics. Excellent manual in-
cludes an introduction to tri-
gonometry. Tape 16K CB/Disk
32K ECB; CoCo 1, 2, 3; $19.95.
The Educational Combo - The
Combo includes these educa-
tional (and entertaining) games:
Silly Syntax (ages 5 and up)
story creation game with 2
stones
Galactic Hangman (ages 7 and
up) animated graphics, with a
700 word vocabulary
The Presidents of the USA
(ages 10 and up) a presidential
trivia game
The Great USA (ages 9 and
up) a trivia game of the states
Trig Attack (ages 9 and up)
Zap those Trigs
All five programs on one disk;
$49.95.
SPECIAL INTEREST
Rental Property Income and Ex-
pense Management Package -
Maintain your rental property in-
come and expense records. Print
output supported. 28 expense
categories. This program may be
tax deductible. Disk only; $29.95.
CoCo Knitter - Easy to use pro-
gram to display or print instruc-
tions to knit a sweater: Cardigan
or Pullover; Round or V-neck;
Raglan or Set-in Sleeve; 3
weights or yarn; 8 sizes from
baby to man. Tape /Disk; $19.95.
RAINBOW
"TRS-80 is a trademark of Tandy Corp.
SUGAR SOFTWARE
P.O. Box 7446
Hollywood, Florida 3308 1
(305) 981-1241
All program* run on the CoCo I, S and S, SSK
Extended Basic, unices otherwise noted. Add
$1.60 per tape or disk for shipping and han-
dling. Florida residents add Q% sales tax. COD
orders add $5. Dealer inquiries invited. Orders
generally shipped in 24-48 hours. No refunds
or exchanges without prior authorization.
•
WE'RE BRINGING THE COCO
RAINBOW'S
BROADENING ITS
SPECTRUM
the rainbow and the Delphi Infor-
mation Utility have joined together
to allow CoCo owners all over the
world to connect with one another!
Delphi is a full-service information
utility. It offers everything from up-
to-the-minute news stories from Th(
Associated Press to electronic mail
services. But, best of all, it now has
a special forum for Color Computer
owners, and it's operated by the
people who bring you the rainbow
each month.
The CoCo Special Interest Group
(SIG) features a variety of services,
including an open forum where you
can send and receive messages
from Color Computer owners all
over the world. It also has several
databases to which you can upload
your favorite programs and from
which you can download programs
written by other CoCo enthusiasts.
Some of these databases are basic
programming, OS-9 and home ap-
plications.
When setting up your account with
Delphi, if you do not have a credit
card or prefer not to use it, Delphi
requires that you send $25 to give
your account a positive balance.
This will be refunded after your first
free hour if you choose to no longer
use the system or it will be applied
to future connect charges. If you do
not maintain a positive balance, you
will be charged $3.50 each month
for direct billing.
PEEK INTO THE
RAINBOW
The CoCo SIG's conference feature
allows you to meet electronically
with other members of the CoCo
Community. You can join conferen-
ces with notables such as Dale
Puckett, Cray Augsburg, Marty
Goodman, Don Hutchison, Jim
Reed, Lonnie Falk and others — on
a regular basis. Conference sched-
ules will appear in the rainbow
each month. Be sure to check online
announcements for changes and
additions.
THE OTHER SIDE
OF THE RAINBOW
On Delphi, you also are able to buy
rainbow on tape — order a whole
set, or download an individual pro-
gram immediately. You can also
renew your rainbow subscription,
make a fast and easy order for soft-
ware or hardware from a multitude
of vendors, or inquire about prod-
ucts on the CoCo SIG.
We also have a number of programs
that you can download and use, just
for the cost of the time you spend
transferring them. There'll also be
corrections for rainbow articles,
helpful hints and many other useful
features.
FREE LIFETIME
MEMBERSHIP
the rainbow is offering subscribers
a free lifetime subscription to Delphi
— a $24.95 value — and a free hour
of connect time — a $7.20 value at
either 300, 1200 or 2400 Baud — so
you can sample Delphi and the rain-
bow CoCo SIG. That's right. Your
subscription to the rainbow entitles
you to this $32.15 value as a tree
bonus!
If you're not a rainbow subscriber,
just enter your order when you sign
on with Delphi and you'll get the
same great deal! For our $31 sub-
scription fee, you'll get the finest
Color Computer magazine ever, a
free lifetime subscription to Delphi
and a free hour of connect time.
SAVE EVEN MORE
Want to save even more? While
you're online you can order, for only
$29.95, a deluxe package which in-
cludes the Delphi membership, the
Delphi Handbook and Command
Card ($21.95) and a total of three
hours of connect time ($21.60).
Delphi provides us all with
Immediate CoCo Community.
Check it out today. After all, you can
sample it for free!
Problems? Call Delphi:
(800) 544-4005
(617)491-3393
DELPHI
TYPE:
GROUP COCO
COMMUNITY TOGETHER
How to reach RAINBOW'S Color Computer SIG . . .
There are several ways to connect to Delphi and THE
RAINBOW'S CoCo SIG. In most cities you will not even have
to pay long distance charges; you can use special data
communications networks like Telenet, Tymnet and the
Canadian Datapac network.
First, set your terminal program to operate at either 300
or 1200 Baud (depending on the modem you have), and
also select either 7 bits with even parity or 8 bits with no
parity, and one stop bit. (If one combination doesn't work,
try another.)
Decide which network you should use. There is no
surcharge for Telenet or Tymnet. Canadian residents using
Datapac will be charged an additional $10.80 (U.S.) per
hour.
On Telenet: Uninet network has merged with Telenet.
To get the Telenet number for your area, call (800) 336-
0437. After you call the local access number and make
connection, press enter twice. When the "TERM INAL="
prompt appears, press ENTER again. When the "@" prompt
appears, type C DELPHI and press ENTER.
On Tymnet: Call (800) 336-0149 to get the Tymnet
number for your area. After you dial your designated
number and connect, you will see either "garbage" or a
message saying "please type your terminal identifier." At
this point, even if the screen is garbled, simply press 'A'.
When "please log in:" appears, type DELPHI and press
ENTER.
From Canada (on Datapac): Call Delphi Customer
Service at (617) 491-3393 to get the Datapac number for
your area. After you connect, press the period key (.) and
ENTER (use two periods if you're using 1200 Baud). Type
5ET 2:1, 3:12G and press ENTER. Now type p 1 3106,
DELPHI; and press ENTER. Delphi's new rates indicate an
additional $10.80 hourly surcharge for evening use of
Datapac, which means a total of $18 (U.S.) for connect
time.
From other countries: Many countries have their own
data networks that can connect to either Telenet or
Tymnet. Check with the telephone authorities in your
country for details on how to sign up for this service. When
you have an account set up, you can reach Delphi with
a "host code" of 31 10 6170 3088 through Telenet, or 3106
90 6015 through Tymnet. (You'll have to pay the toll
charges for this connection.)
Type in Your Username
If you're already a subscriber to THE RAINBOW, at the
"USERNAME:" prompt, type JOINDELPHI and press
ENTER. At the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type RAINBOW.
Then, at the "NUMBER:" prompt, type your individual
subscription number from the mailing label of your latest
issue of the RAINBOW. (If there are one or more zeros at
the beginning of this number, include them.)
If you dont already have a subscription, at the "USER-
NAME:" prompt, type JOINDELPHI and press ENTER. At
the "PASSWORD:" prompt, type SENDRHINBOW and press
ENTER. Have your MasterCard, VISA or American
Express card ready, because you'll be led through a series
of questions that will enable us to put your RAINBOW and
Delphi subscriptions into effect. In an effort to hold down
non-editorial costs, we do not bill for subscriptions.
If you make a typing error, just use Control-X and start
over. Remember that at any point, when you're on Delphi,
you can type HELP to get help on how to use the system.
To gel off the system just type BYE.
If you find that you're unable to log on to Delphi and
enter the CoCo SIG after following these instructions, call
us during afternoon business hours at (502) 228-4492. We'll
be glad to offer assistance.
Come Visit Us! Type: GROUP COCO
After you sign in, you'll be prompted to set up your own,
personal "user name" — Delphi is a friendly service, no
numbers to remember — and you'll be asked a number
of questions so Delphi can set up your account. You'll also
be assigned a temporary password.
Delphi will tell you that your account will be ready after
6 p.m. the same day if you sign up before noon (Eastern
lime /one.) If not, your account will be ready at 6 p.m.
the next day. Once an account is verified and opened, each
RAINBOW subscriber will be credited with an hour of free
timet
When you log back in, use your chosen username and
your temporary password to access the system. At that
point, you will meet Max, who will help you configure
things and will change your temporary password into your
own personal password. This is the password you will use
for subsequent sessions — or until you change it.
After Max bids you goodbye, you'll wind up at the
Delphi Main Menu; type in GROUP COCO and join us on
the CoCo SIG!
3*
• -J
m /^w-
w
^iii^sk
■^ VVJ^
HOW DO YOU GIVE A RAINBOW?
Name
Address
City
From:
Name
Address
City
It's simple — Give a rainbow gift certificate .
Let a gift subscription to the
rainbow carry the premier Color
Computer magazine right to
your friends' doorsteps, the
rainbow is the information
source for the Tandy Color Com-
puter.
Each month, your friends will
enjoy the intelligent programs,
reviews and articles written ex-
clusively for their CoCo.
First, your gift will be an-
nounced in a handsome card.
Then, all year 'round, they'll re-
member you and your thought-
fulness when they get each edi-
tion of the rainbow— more than
200 pages loaded with as many
as 24 programs, 15 regular col-
umns and lots of helpful hints
and tips.
Generosity benefits the giver,
too. There'll be no more tracking
down borrowed copies of the
rainbow. Your collection will be
safe at home.
Give a rainbow gift certificate
and let your friends in on the fun.
the rainbow is the perfect com-
panion for the Color Computer!
Get your order to us by July 25
and we'll begin your friends'
subscriptions with the Sep-
tember issue of RAINBOW.
Please begin a one-year (12 issues) gift subscription to
THE RAINBOW for:
_State
ZIP
.State
ZIP
□ My payment is enclosed.
Bill to: □ VISA □ MasterCard □ American Express
Acct. # Exp. date
Signature
Mail to:
Rainbow Gift Certificate, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect,
KY 40059
For credit card orders call (800) 847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST.
All other inquiries call (502) 228-4492.
Subscriptions to the rainbow are $31 in the United States; U.S. $38 in Canada. The surface rate
to other countries is U.S. $68; the air rate. U.S. $103. Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax U.S.
currency only, please. All subscriptions begin with the current issue. Please allow 6 to 8 weeks for
delivery. In order to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not bill.
78 IFA$="P"ANDLU>j30RA$="p"ANDLU>
j3THENC$=" Output to Printer" :GOSU
B9 6: INPUT "What is your printer's
width" ; C : C=INT (C) : IFC<1THEN79EL
SEGOSUB112 : GOTO 105
79 PLAYE$:GOT059
80 NC=0 : PS=S : FORQ=S TO S+(250*LU
)-250STEP250
81 LN$="":FORQQ=Q TO Q+LL((Q-S)/
250)-l:LN$-=LN$+CHR$(LPEEK(QQ) ) :N
EXT:P=1:LC=0
82 IR=INSTR(P,LN$,T$) :IFIR=0THEN
84
83 LC=LC+1:LT$=LEFT$(LN$,IR-1) :R
T$=MID$(LN$,IR+LEN(T$) ,250) : IFLE
N(LT$)+LEN(R$)+LEN(RT$)>250THENP
S=PS+250 : LC=0 : GOT087ELSELN$=LT$+
R$+RT$:P=IR+LEN(R$) :GOT08 2
84 LL((Q-S)/250)=LEN(LN$) :IFLEN(
LN$)=2 50THEN8 6
85 LN$=LN$+STRING$(2 50-LEN(LN$) ,
P)
86 FORZZ=1TO250:LPOKEPS,ASC(MID$
(LN$,ZZ, 1) ) :PS=PS+1:NEXT
87 NC=NC+LC:NEXT
88 PRINT"Number of occurrences c
hanged: "NC:G0SUB114 :GOTO104
89 HSTATQ$ , XQ , MX, MY: CP=1 : GOSUB10
8 : PRINT " Line" LN" found. ":LN$="" :F
ORQQ=Q TO Q+LL((Q-S)/2 50)-l:LN$=
LN$+CHR$(LPEEK(QQ) ) : NEXT: LOCATE0
, 3 : ATTR0 , : PRINTSTRING$ (7 , 13 ) : LO
CATE0,3:PRINTLN$
90 LOCATEMX, MY :ATTR0, 4 :PRINTSTRI
NG$ (7,13): LOCATEMX, MY : LINEINPUT"
Target text: " ;T$ : LOCATEMX, MY: PR
INTSTRING$ (7,13): LOCATEMX , MY : LIN
EINPUT"Replacement: ";R$:P=1
91 IR=INSTR(P,LN$,T$) :IFIR=0THEN
93
92 LT$=LEFT$(LN$,IR-1) :RT$=MID$(
LN$,IR+LEN(T$) ,250) : IFLEN(LT$)+L
EN(R$)+LEN(RT$)>250THEN93ELSELN$
=LT$+R$+RT$ : P=IR+LEN (R$ ) : G0T09 1
93 LL( (Q-S)/250)=LEN(LN$) :IFLEN(
LN$)=250THEN95
94 LN$=LN$+STRING$(2 50-LEN(LN$) ,
PREMIUM COC03 51 2K UPGRADE
•Made in USA by J&R Eleclronics 'Memory chips socketed, user replaceable
•Rugged, long life conslruclion «Top mounled Memory (or cooling
•Heavy duly POWER and GROUND planes lo minimize memory errors due 10 noise
•High perlormance design, permits use ot less expensive 150ns memory chips
•We supply Prime memory chips, not interior pulls or fallouts*
•Includes RAMDISK, Spooler and Memory Test software on disk with 28 page User's
Manual (We set the standard lor 512K support soltware. We believe our software
is uniquely powerful, as opposed lo these 'Me, loo' companies that charge extra
lor software with much less power!)
SPECIAL PRICES
fl'010-29.95 JramR bare board plus connectors and software
S 10 14-39. 95 JramR assembled & tested 0K (No memory chips) and software
•CALL (for latest price of Si 01 4 with memory chips and other products)
To place an order, wriie lo: J&R Electronics, P.O. Box 2572, Columbia, MD 21 045,
OR call (301) 987-9067 Jesse or (301) 788-0861-Ray
95 FORZZ=1TO250:LPOKEQ,ASC(MID$ (
LN$,ZZ, 1) ) :Q=Q+l:NEXT:GOSUB114:G
OTO104
9 6 LOCATE (W- LEN ( C$ ) )/2, 12: PRINTC
$ : PRINT : RETURN
97 FORQ=S TO S+ (25j3*LU) -250STEP2
50
98 L$="":FORQQ=Q TO Q+LL((Q-S)/2
50)-l:L$=L$+CHR$(LPEEK(QQ) ) :NEXT
:IFLEN(L$)=250THEN99ELSEL$=L$+ST
RING$(250-LL((Q-S)/250) ,0)
99 IR=INSTR(1,L$,T$) :IFIR=0THEN1
03
100 ATTR0 , : LOCATE0 , 3 : PRINTSTRIN
G$ ( 7 , 13 ) : LOCATE0 , 3 : PRINTL$ : ATTR0
, 4 : LOCATE (W-30 ) /2 , 22 : PRINT"Do yo
u want to continue? (Y/N)";
101 A$=INKEY$ : IFA$=" "THEN101ELSE
IFA$="Y"ORA$="y"THEN103
102 ED=1:EL=LL( (Q-S)/249) :PT=Q:G
OTO104
103 NEXT :ATTR0,0: GOTO 16
104 POKE&HFFD9,0:CLOSE#-1:GOSUB1
47 : CLS 1 : ATTR0 , : LP=1 : X=0 : Y=3 : WID
THW : GOSUB5 4 : LOCATEX , Y : PRINTL$ : GO
T018
105 LOCATE0, 11:ATTR0,0:PRINTSTRI
NG$(12,13) ; :GOT018
106 INPUT"Start, increment", -SR, I
$*^t *3v *£ cc c ■ <t? (£* ^* *i* &
$ $
$
$
$
$
$
IF YOU PLAY LOTTO TO WIN
THEN YOU NEED
$ LOT— PRO
$ LOT-PRO IS SPECIFICALLY DESIGNED
$ FOR THE COLOR COMPUTER $
$ and features: $
$ $
$ -A handicapping system for any $
$ pick-6 lotto $
$ $
$ -Choice of 6 wheeling systems to $
$ increase your winning probabilities $
$ $
$ -LOT-PRO SYSTEM 60 number selection $
$ routine option $
15 "8
$ ONLY $25.95 (specify disk or tape) $
$ (Ca. residents add 6'/. sales tax) $
$ $
$ CJN Enterprises $
$ P.O. Box 40487 $
$ __ Bakersfield, CA. 93384-0487 $
$ /j^{\ (805)-836-1323 $
$ RAINBOW $
$ "St™ i nvest in LOT— RRO. $
$ It might make YCU RICH! $
$ (printer needed) $
$$$$$$$$$$$$$$
July It
THE RAINBOW
45
C:SR=INT(SR) :IC=INT(IC)
107 IFSR+IC*L>63999THENPLAYE$:G0
TO106ELSE16
108 NB$="":INPUT M What is the lin
e number" ;LN:LN=INT(LN) :LN$=STR$
(LN) :LN$=RIGHT$(LN$,LEN(LN$)-1)+
ii n
109 FORQ=S TO S+(250*LU)STEP250:
FORQQ=Q TO Q+LEN (LN$) -1 : NB$=NB$+
CHR$(LPEEK(QQ) ) : NEXT: IFLN$=NB$ T
HEN111ELSENB$= M " : NEXT
110 ED=0 : CP=0 : PRINT"Line"LN"does
not exist. " : GOSUB114 :GOTO105
111 IFCP=1THENCP=0:RETURNELSEED=
1:LX=(Q-S)/249:EL=LL(LX) :PRINT"L
ine*'LN" found . " : PT=Q : L$=" " : FORQQ=
Q TO Q+249:L$=L$+CHR$(LPEEK(QQ) )
:NEXT:GOTO104
112 POKE&HFFD8,0:PRINT#-2:FORQ=S
TO PT-1:IFLPEEK(Q)=0THEN113ELSE
PRINT#-2,CHR$(LPEEK(Q) ) ; :IFPOS(-
2)=C THENPRINT#-2
113 NEXT: POKE &HFFD9,0: RETURN
114 LOCATE (W-26) /2 , 22 : PRINT"Pres
s any key to continue.";
115 IFINKEY$=""THEN115ELSERETURN
116 LOCATE (W-20)/2, 22 :PRINT"Are
you sure? (Y/N) ";
117 IFINKEY$="Y"ORINKEY$="y"THEN
RETURNELSEIFINKEY$="N"ORINKEY$="
n"THEN105ELSE117
118 LINEINPUT"What is the filena
me? " ; F$ : POKE&HFFD8 , : F$=LEFT$ ( F
$,8) :IFDV=1THENF$=F$+".BAS"
119 OPEN"0" , #DV, F$ : ATTR0 , : WIDTH
W:PRINT"File being saved: "F$:FO
RQ=S TO S+(250*LU)-250STEP250:LN
$="":FORQQ=Q TO Q+LL( (Q-S) /250) :
LN$=LN$+CHR$(LPEEK(QQ) ) :NEXT:PRI
NTLN$; :PRINT#DV,LN$:NEXT:GOSUB14
7 : CLOSE # - 1 : POKE&HFFD9 , : RETURN
120 LINEINPUT"What is the filena
me? " ; F$ : POKE&HFFD8 , : F$=LEFT$ (F
$,8) :IFDV=1THENF$=F$+" .BAS"
121 FORQ=0TO LU:LL(Q)=0:NEXT:PT=
S : OPEN" I" , #DV, F$ : ATTR0 , ! WIDTHW :
PRINT"File loading: ";F$
122 POKE&HFFD8,0:IFEOF(DV)=-1THE
N127ELSELINEINPUT#DV, LN$ : POKE&HF
FD9,0
123 IFLN$=""THEN122
124 LN$=LN$+CHR$(13) :LL(XX)=LEN(
LN$) :IFLEN(LN$)=250THEN12 5ELSELN
$=LN$+STRING$(2 50-LEN(LN$) ,0)
12 5 PRINTLN$ ; : FORQ=1TO250 : LPOKEP
T / ASC(MID$(LN$,Q,1) ) :PT=PT+1:NEX
T
12 6 XX=XX+1:IFXX<L THENGOT0122EL
SEXX=XX-1 : G0T0127
127 LU=XX:POKE&HFFD9,0:EL=LL(XX)
: RETURN
12 8 ATTR0,0:WIDTHW:ATTR0,0,U:PRI
NT : PRINT : LOCATE (W-ll) /2 , 1 : PRINT"
Cut & Paste" :ATTR0,0:PL=1:X=0:Y=
3 : LOCATEX , Y : PRINTLN$ : ST=1 : EN=EE :
LOCATE (W-30) /2 , 12 : PRINT"Position
"PL"Start M ST"End"EN
129 EXEC44539:A$=INKEY$
130 IFA$=CHR$(8)THENPL=PL-1:IFPL
<1THENPL=1 : PLAYE$ : GOT0129ELSEX=X
-1 : IFX<0THENX=W-1 : Y=Y-1 : GOT0142E
LSE142
131 IFA$=CHR$(9)THENPL=PL+1:IFPL
>EE THENPL=EE:PLAYE$:GOT012 9ELSE
IFPL=251THENPL=250 : PLAYE$ : GOT012
9ELSEX=X+1:IFX>W-1 THENX=0 : Y=Y+1
:GOT0142ELSE142
132 IFA$=CHR$(10)THENPL=PL+W:IFP
L>EE THENPL=PL-W:PLAYE$:G0T0129E
LSEIFPL=2 51THENPL=2 50 : PLAYE$ :GOT
0129ELSEY=Y+l:IFY>24THENY=24:GOT
0142ELSE142
133 IFA$=CHR$(94)THENPL=PL-W:IFP
L<0THENPL=PL+W: PLAYE$ : GOT012 9ELS
EY=Y-1 : IFY<0THENY=0 : GOT0142ELSE1
42
134 IFA$="S"ANDPL<EN ORA$="s"AND
PL<EN THENPLAY"L2503C" :ST=PL
135 IFA$="E"ANDPL>ST ORA$="e"AND
PL>ST THENPLAY"L2503C":EN=PL
13 6 IFA$="M"ANDPL>=EN ORA$="M"AN
DPL<ST ORA$="m"ANDPL>=EN ORA$="m
"ANDPL<ST THEN13 8
137 GOT0129
138 PLAY"L2503C":MV$=MID$(LN$,ST
,EN-ST+1) :IFPL>=EN THENLT$=LEFT$
(LN$,ST-1) :MD$=MID$(LN$,EN+1, PL-
EN) :RT$=MID$(LN$,PL+1,EE-EN) : CL$
=LT$+MD$+MV$+RT$ ELSELT$=LEFT$ (L
N$,PL) :MD$=MID$(LN$,PL+1,ST-PL-1
) :RT$=MID$(LN$,EN+1,EE-EN) : CL$=L
T$+MV$+MD$+RT$
139 LOCATE0 , 3 : PRINTCL$ : LOCATE0 , 1
2 : PRINT : LOCATE (W-14 ) /2 , 12 : PRINT"
Like so? (Y/N) ":EXEC44539:A$=INK
EY$ : IFA$="Y"ORA$="y"THENLN$=CL$
ELSEA$=" " : LOCATE0 , 12 : PRINT : LOCAT
E0 , 3 : PRINTLN$ : GOT0142
140 LN$=LN$+CHR$(13) :IFLEN(LN$)=
2 50THEN14 1ELSELN$=LN$+STRING$ ( 2 5
0-EE,0) :LN$=LEFT$(LN$,250)
141 AZ=Q:FORQQ=1TO2 50:LPOKEAZ,AS
C(MID$ (LN$,QQ, 1) ) :AZ=AZ+l:NEXT:G
OTO104
142 LOCATE (W-30) /2 , 12 : PRINT"Posi
tion"PL"Start"ST"End"EN: LOCATEX,
Y:PLAYP$:IFPEEK(343)=247THEN130
143 IFPEEK(344)=247THEN131
144 IFPEEK(342)=247THEN132
145 IFPEEK(341)=247THEN133
146 GOT0129
147 IFPEEK(188)=14THENCLOSE#l:RE
TURNELSERETURN
/R\
46
THE RAINBOW July 19B8
Second City Software
'your FIRST choice for CoCo software...'
P.O.Box72956 Roselle, IL 60172
Order: 312-653-5610 BBS: 312-307-1519
<
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F e atur e^
16K ECB
Brush up your programming creativity
and show us the result!
Set Your
Wheels to Spinning
Everybody likes contests. Every-
body likes prizes. Come to think of
it, everybody likes a good chal-
lenge, too. Here's something that has all
three. It's a programming contest where
you, the readers, get a chance to finish
a BASIC program I've started. There is
no right or wrong way to complete my
"core program." Each contestant may
have a different idea of what this pro-
gram should eventually do. Maybe your
idea will win you a prize, so give it a try!
^ 17
So far, here's what the program does.
Three squares appear on the Hi-Res
graphics screen. Each of those squares
Bill Bernico is the author of over 200
Color Computer programs and is a
frequent RAINBOW contributor whose
hobbies include golf, writing music and
programming. Bill is a drummer in a
rock band and lives in Sheboygan.
Wisconsin.
By Bill Bernico
has a dial within it, numbered from one
to eight. As you run the program, the
pointer on the first dial starts spinning.
To stop that first dial on a random
number, press I. Once you do, the first
digit of a three-digit number appears
and Dial 2 starts spinning. To stop thai
dial on a random number, press 2; the
second digit will appear below. Last, the
third dial begins spinning. Press 3 to
stop it, and the third digit of that three-
digit number is displayed. The screen
holds in this position until you press the
space bar, starting the procedure all
over again.
That's all there is to it. Run it a few
times and picture in your mind what
you think the finished program should
do. Maybe you have a Simulation in
mind. Maybe you see it as some sort of
Utility; Or perhaps your finished pro-
gram will be an educational learning
tool, or even a game of chance. Submit
anything. What you might think is not
so great, I might feel is a winner.
Contest Rules
1. Programming is restricted to
BASIC, including pokes or anything that
can be typed in directly from the key-
board without help from other pro-
grams.
2. All entries must be submitted on
cither tape or disk. Include several saves
and a brief explanation of how your
entry works and what it does.
3. All entries must be based on the
"core" provided here. That is, 1 want to
at least see three spinning dials in the
finished program. From there you're on
your own.
4. Contest deadline is October 1,
1988, so get your entries in before then.
The winning program will be published
in a future issue of THE RAINBOW.
5. All entries become the property of
Falsoft, Inc., publisher of THE rainbow.
Contest Prizes
First prize is a year's subscription (or
extension) to THE rainbow and a year's
subscription (or extension) to either
rainbow on tape or rainbow on
DISK.
Second prize is a year's subscription
to THE RAINBOW
Third prize is Special Pack, a collec-
tion of approximately 150 of my best
programs..
Fourth through 10th prize winners
will receive a package containing 25 of
my best programs.
I'll be judging all entries, looking for
that special talent from someone who
may want to eventually co-author fu-
ture programs with mc. It could really
be fun, so get your entries in now. Send
all entries to:
THE RAINBOW Programming Contest
The Falsoft Building
9509 U.S. Hwy. 42
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059 □
48
THE RAINBOW
July 1988
The listing: CONTEST
10 'BASIC PROGRAMMING CONTEST
20 'by Bill Bernico
30 'AND (YOUR NAME HERE)
40 •
50 CLEAR1000 : DIM A (12, 12)
60 D$="BM=H ; , =V; " : X$="BM=X ; , =Y ;
70 N1$="BR3R2U6NGD6R2" :N2$="BR3B
U5ER2FDGL2GD2R4":N3$="BR3BU5ER2F
DGNLFDGL2NH":N4$="BR6U6G3R4":N5$
="BR3BUFR2EU2HL3U2R4":N6$="BR3BU
3R3FDGL2HU4ER2":N7$="BR3BU6R4DG3
D2 " : N8 $=" BR4HUER2EUHL2GDFR2 FDGNL
2"
80 PMODE4,l:PCLSl:SCREENl,l:COLO
Mrl
90 DRAW"BM8,0R80D73L80U73"
100 CIRCLE (48, 36) ,25
110 DRAW"BM42 , 8"+Nl$+"BM64 , 17"+N
2$+"BM74,39"+N3$+"BM65,59"+N4$+"
BM43,70"+N5$+"BM21,59"+N6$+"BM12
, 39"+N7$+"BM22 , 18"+N8$
120 GET(8,0)-(88,73) ,A
130 PUT(88,0)-(168,73) ,A:PUT(168
,0)-(248,73),A
140 DRAW"BM8,0R240D191L240U191
150 RI$=D$+"R20NH2G2":LE$=D$+"L2
0NE2F2" :UP$=D$+"U20NG2F2" : DO$=D$
+"D20NH2E2":UR$=D$+"E14NL3D3":LR
$=D$+"F14NU3L3" : LL$=D$+"G14NR3U3
":UL$=D$+"H14NR3D3
160 H=48:V=3 6:GOSUB 270
IF INKEY$<>"1"THEN 160
X=110:Y=90:GOSUB 3 60
H=128:V=3 6:GOSUB 270
IF INKEY$<>"2"THEN 190
X=120:Y=90:GOSUB 3 60
H=208:V=3 6:GOSUB 270
IF INKEY$<>"3"THEN 220
X=130:Y=90:GOSUB 3 60
IF INKEY$OCHR$(32)THEN 250
GOTO 80
DRAW"C0"+RI$+"C1"+RI$
DRAW"C0"+LR$+"C1"+LR$
DRAW"C0"+DO$+"C1"+DO$
DRAW"C0"+LL$+"C1"+LL$
DRAW"C0"+LE$+"C1"+LE$
DRAW"C0"+UL$+"C1"+UL$
DRAW"C0"+UP$+"C1"+UP$
DRAW"C0"+UR$+»C1"+UR$
RETURN
S=RND(8) :ON S GOSUB370,380,3
90 , 400 , 4 10 , 4 20 , 4 3 , 4 40 : RETURN
370 DRAW"C0"+RI$+X$+N3$: RETURN
DRAW"C0"+DO$+X$+N5$: RETURN
DRAW"C0"+LE$+X$+N7$: RETURN
DRAW"C0"+UP$+X$+N1$: RETURN
DRAW"C0"+UR$+X$+N2$: RETURN
DRAW"C0"+LR$+X$+N4$: RETURN
DRAW"C0"+LL$+X$+N6$: RETURN
DRAW" C0"+UL$+X$+N8$: RETURN
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
2 60
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
3 50
3 60
380
390
400
410
420
430
4 40
/Rv
CUR RILL IAN CRi/iSrR cow,fc,-.n.s ^
action at arcad* gartirs with 1*e
poMtbl'iflrs of adventoro apr»,s
in «* cxperifrvrtf 4ha+ crovyda a-
Jul I disk W'^K OVrv- 30 Jiff«rfr-+
infilling boards- Jour t-»«y across
J- 1 " '!P,} a *>'J* ™« n«H <•* + "« ;
Currillia„ Cr«iS€i- Ia it.'
*pic i)oes+
*v«u/ov/y- 111. IS
FOR COCO T.H.IJL
TO ORDER:
SC«d C*1C**C or rwonc-y
order - COD add
It.
toT
f.~ IIJ-IS
HERoic. DESTlWirs
5" 4 OAK STREET
NORTHPORT, MV
MX ■•■land ado 7-r3««lc«t.v
C?Orr.lnq SoOr, "from He rO(c_ _ . .
a. mwl*i -dltlc graphic, adventure -for- ^e CttCO TTT..
Sun Products
Offering the v/idest selection
of products for the Tandy/
Radio Shack Color Computers
1, 2, & 3
Sun Products is your one
stop shop for CoCo Products.
We are America's largest
distributor of high quality
Color Computer hardware and
software. For our free
catalog, just call or write
and we'll send one out to
you that day!
System5- Graphics editor:$12.95
Sun Products
5455 Hansel Avenue
Bldg. L - Suite 7
Edgewood, FL 32809-3405
(407) 240-4784
Sun Products, because we're
here, after the sale! !!!!!!!!!
July IS
THE RAINBOW
49
F e atu re-
A tutorial on creating CoCo comics, and the announcement
of an ongoing cartoon-drawing contest
CART(g)ti)?SlN&
WITH COCO
Cartoons are drawings that depict
everyday situations in a comical
manner. They express ideas,
inform us on current events, teach
lessons and, most importantly, they
entertain.
Everyone can identify with cartoons.
They are a twist on everyday life. You
see them taped to desks, stuck on
Logan Ward has been a CoCo nut since
1982 and enjoys creating all types of
graphics on his Color Computer. His
interests include baseball card collect-
ing and following Nascar races. Logan
creates the Maxwell Mouse and CoCo
Cai cartoons for THE RAINBOW and is
president of the Memphis Color Com-
puter Users Group.
refrigerators and pinned to bulletin
boards. Cartoons are usually the first
tilings people look for upon opening the
paper or browsing through a magazine.
Some of the earliest cartoons date
back to the mid- 1 700s. These cartoons
depicted oppression and taxes, which
were the main issues of the time. Ben
Franklin and Paul Revere drew car-
toons urging the colonists to revolt
against England. But it wasn't until the
mid- 1800s that cartoons became a
staple in magazines and newspapers.
Political cartoons did not become
popular until the late 1 800s. By the early
1900s, however, cartoons were a firmly
entrenched piece of Americana.
Through the years, cartoons have
been produced using a variety of tools.
Pens, ink, pencils, erasers, charcoal,
paint, rulers and drawing boards have
been employed by cartoonists in creat-
ing their work. But now, with the advent
of the personal computer, anyone can
create cartoons digitally. Modern car-
toon artists can now use a computer,
mouse and printer as their tools.
Five Types of Funnies
Cartoons can be categorized into five
general types; all varieties are distinc-
tive, and each conveys a different type
of story. First of all and probably most
important is the comic strip, which
appears mainly in newspapers and
magazines. This type of cartoon is
usually a standard feature, and you'll
likely find several strips on one or more
50 THE RAINBOW July 198B
pages of a newspaper. These comic
strips, such as "Peanuts" and "Blondie,"
contain a series of panels linked to-
gether to tell a story or achieve a humor-
ous climax.
Another popular form of cartooning
is called the gag cartoon. This consists
of a single panel with a clever one-line
caption. The gag cartoon is usually an
instant transfer of humor. It can feature
a continuing character or be diverse,
showing different characters each time
(think of Gary Larson's "The Far
Side"). Gag cartoons poke fun at every-
day life and create humorous situations
out of everyday occurrences. This is a
type of cartoon popular with maga-
zines.
Editorial cartoons are another favor-
ite brand of cartooning. Like the gag
variety, the editorial cartoon is a single-
panel cartoon that covers a multitude of
subjects. However, it is a pictorial
opinion conveyed by the artist to sway
the reader's judgment. Editorial car-
toons deal with current events or social
issues and make fun of people in the
spotlight.
Another visually humorous type of
cartoon is the animated cartoon. This
type of cartoon takes the longest time
to create but is usually the most pleas-
ing. Each animated cartoon starts as a
sketch, which is later turned into a
completed drawing and then painted.
More drawings are made similar to the
first, with the exception of a small
change in placement of a hand, eye or
other body part.
After several drawings are made, they
are quickly shown in sequential order,
taking on the illusion of movement.
Background scenes are added later to
complete the work. Animated cartoons
can take from a couple of minutes to a
couple of hours to tell their stories.
Subject matter for this style of cartoon-
ing is very broad; material can range
from the informative, such as safely
guides for workers, to the humorous,
showing Bugs Bunny making a fool of
Daffy Duck.
finally, there's illustrative cartoon-
ing. This type is found in advertise-
ments, school books, promotional
materials, etc. Most illustrative car-
toons draw attention to or help tell the
story of the idea they are promoting.
Sometimes illustrative cartoons use
famous comic strip and gag characters.
For example, Garfield is currently used
to promote libraries.
Coming Up with Ideas
Consistently developing good ideas is
Attention, Cartoonists!
As you skim through the magazine
each month, you've probably no-
ticed "Mouse Tales," starring Maxwell
Mouse. Logan Ward is the cartoonist
responsible for Maxwell Mouse, and he
sends us the cartoon every month in
living color — thanks to his CGP-220.
Starting with this issue, Logan will be
responsible for bringing CoCo Cat
back to the pages of THE rainbow.
We here at THE rainbow are pretty
excited about the new graphics pro-
grams and their capabilities! .lust
imagine - with a little creativity, a
printer and graphics programs that
rival (and beat) the "big boys," CoCo-
istscan unleash their creative potential!
With word processing and desktop
publishing programs, CoCoisis rou-
tinely publish their own newsletters.
Now with the enhanced graphics that
programs like Color Max Deluxe and
CoCo Max III allow, not only are
cartoons like Logan's possible, but so
are whole comic books! Add the impli-
cations of video digitizers, sound digi-
tizers (like Gimmesol't's Maxsound)
and laser printers, and the possibilities
arc mind-blowing!
SHATTER, from First Comics Inc.'
is drawn on the Macintosh.
Did you know that there are already
commercial comic books drawn on
computer? The computer is ihe Macin-
tosh, not the CoCo, unfortunately, but
we know anything a Mac can do. . . .
SHATTER, from First Comics, Inc." 1 ,
was probably the first comic drawn on
computer. It's a science fiction por-
trayal of the world a few decades into
the future, when the globe is divided
into corporate, not political, states;
having been enhanced with RN A trans-
plants, animals are able to lake over
human tasks. The drawing's digitized
look and the "computer" fonts used for
dialogue and narration all contribute to
the futuristic atmosphere. Even Marvel
Comics is "going computer" with its
Iron Man graphic novel.
What does this mean for CoCoists?
Take a look at the pictures that fill the
pages of "CoCo Gallery" the quality
of our graphics just screams for the
CoCo to get into the acl. Our machine
can hold iis own!
We are so enthused about what the
CoCo can do, in fact, that we are
planning an ongoing cartooning con-
test, something like the "CoCo
Gallery." If you've had an idea for a
CoCo cartoon gnawing at you, put it
onscreen, print it out (you don't have
to use a color printer) and send it in. If
we like it, we'll publish it and pay you
for your creative talents.
For a guide on what we're generally
looking for, examine Logan's cartoons
and follow the advice he gives in this
article. But be creative — we're break-
ing new ground here! If you like to draw
cartoons by hand and your subject is
Color Computer related, we're inter-
ested in your work, too (check out Kelly
Taylor's "Dr. Nibble" on Pages 1 16 and
120, this issue).
The best thing about this contest is
that there is no deadline, and there's no
limit to the number of cartoons you can
submit. Just tell us what graphics
program you used lo create your car-
toon and send us a printout and a disk
copy of your cartoon panels. Include
your name, address and phone number,
and help us take CoCo applications to
exciting new heights!
probably the hardest part of being a
cartoonist. Whether you create car-
toons on a daily basis or draw only one
a month, you must be on the lookout
for fresh ideas and new roads to travel.
A cartoonist must have the ability to
picture an entire cartoon in his mind
and then transfer it to the computer or
paper.
Cartoonists get their material in a
variety of ways. Some observe gestures.
others listen. Some lock themselves in
their rooms, while others stare into
space. Do not try to force ideas let
them come to you. Even a simple sound
can trigger a great idea.
My ideas come when I'm not even
thinking about cartoons. I can be wash-
ing the car or cutting the grass when I
am struck with a good idea. However,
my best ideas come right before I fall
asleep, when 1 am kind of in the twilight
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 51
SURPRISE LAUC-HTER SHEER
WINKING FEAR DISBELIEF
Figure 1
zone. I keep a note pad by my bed to
write them down. If I don't record them
when they are conceived, my ideas are
forgotten by morning. Use whatever
works for you to get ideas, but do write
them down. It can be surprising what
you'll find on a look back through your
notebook.
What You'll Need
In order to create cartoons on your
CoCo. you need several tools. First, of
course, you need a CoCo with TV or
monitor — any model will do fine.
Second, you need a mouse. I do not
recommend joysticks, as they lack the
precision necessary to create detail in
pictures and cartoons.
Most importantly, you need a good
graphics editor. I recommend using
CoCo Max II, CoCo Max III or Color
Max Deluxe. These packages have the
features needed to draw and manipulate
cartoons on a CoCo (like flip, rotate,
cut and paste). Lastly, you need a
printer; however, this can be optional —
but always nice to have if you want a
hard copy to show friends. If you can
find one, I suggest getting a CGP-220.
It does a good job on a CoCo 1 or 2 and
an unbelievable, eye-popping job on the
CoCo 3. A cartoon printed out with this
color printer looks like it belongs in the
Sunday comics. If you have a CGP-220
and would like to use it with graphics
drawing programs that don't support it.
see the May '88 rainbow: Page 42, for
Duane M. Perkins' CoCo 3 Color
Dump, and Page 58, for Tracy L.
Skaggs' PMODE Polychrome for
CoCos 1 and 2. These programs dump
CoCo graphics screens in color.
Tricks of the Trade
As with anything in life, you must be
original to be successful. This holds true
in cartooning. Developing original
techniques and ideas is the key to being
a popular cartoonist. Try not to copy or
mimic someone's technique. Whether
your style is serious or sarcastic, do
what feels good to you. There is always
an audience, and you will be a success.
In cartooning, things tend to be a
lilt Ic exaggerated. Large eyes, elongated
noses, four fingers, swollen heads, silly
hairstyles and big feet all seem to be the
norm. The nicest aspect of cartooning
is the freedom to draw anything in any
way possible. There are no boundaries,
and the ideas arc limited only by your
own imagination.
Facial expressions play an important
role in how a drawing is interpreted.
Almost any type of mood or feeling can
be illustrated by the expression of the
character's face (see Figure 1). A slight
slant of the eyebrows can mean the
difference between a frown and a sneer.
A change in the curvature of the mouth
can turn a somber expression into a
cheery grin.
Conveying the senses plays a huge
part in the creation of a cartoon. Smell,
sound, taste, sight and touch can all be
illustrated in cartooning (see Figure 2).
Used properly, the senses can express
your ideas better than words and add
depth to your cartooning abilities.
Getting a character into the proper
pose can be critical to your cartoon. For
example, if your main character is
talking to a support character, show
him in front with the support charac-
ter's back turned. This way everyone
spots the center of attention, and your
gag goes over immediately.
It is always best to envision your
character's positions in your mind in
order to create the appropriate setting.
Try to think of the scene in terms of
"camera angles," where you want the
star to be the center of attention. Some
scenes require close-ups; others take
wide-angle shots. Some arc action shots
that require movement (see Figure 3).
Remember, you are the producer and
your computer is the camera. It is up to
you to develop the perfect scene.
Getting the proper perspective goes
hand-in-hand with posing. In real life,
objects that are far away seem smaller
than objects that are closer to us (sec
Figure 4). This holds true in cartooning,
also. If your character is walking to-
ward a door, for example, then natu-
rally the door must be taller than the
character. Creating the right depth
greatly enhances the cartoon's attrac-
tion to the reader.
Creating a CoCo Cartoon
Once you have your cartoon clearly
thought out, it's time to boot up your
favorite graphics program and get to
work. First, draw a box on the screen
this is what your cartoon will be
drawn in. There are approximately 80
pixels per inch horizontally and 74
pixels per inch vertically in the regular
print mode of CoCo Max. It is up to you
to determine the size. I use a 254-by-l82
pixel box to create my drawings. I
recommend making the box only one
line thick to draw no attention to it.
Now save your box to a separate file so
that you can use it for future cartoons.
After your box is complete, it's time
to start drawing the cartoon. It is best
to create your characters first. For the
time being, keep all your sketches in
black-and-white. I recommend using a
one-pixel black paint brush. This works
better than using the pencil icon because
the pencil sometimes gels in the way of
seeing where you want to draw, and it
can also erase part of your drawing if
you let off your mouse button and then
click it again.
At this stage, it is best just to get a
rough outline of your character. Draw
several different variations and choose
the one you like most. Once you have
picked the pose you want to use, erase
the others. Use Zoom or Fat Bits to
clean up the picture and smooth out
rough areas. It is easiest to do facial
expressions and hand movements under
Fat Bits.
As when drawing anything on the
CoCo, it is best to make saves before
you do a lot of editing. If you do
something you don't like, you can
always reload the drawing from an
earlier stage.
When you are drawing front views of
52
THE RAINBOW July 1988
your character, you might find it easier
to draw only half of the character and
then use the editing box to make a copy.
Use the Horizontal Flip feature on the
copy to make a mirror image of it. Click
out of the editing box, lasso the Hipped
copy and join it side-by-side to the
original - you now have a complete
character by doing half the work. This
technique can be used for any symmet-
rical shape.
Once you finish drawing your char-
acter, use a formatted disk to save
character clips. As you go along, save
each pose of every character to your clip
disk. Use the lasso icon to copy your
characters. This way you can recall
characters at any time and manipulate
them for use in another scene.
When your collection of characters
has grown large, take several formatted
disks and make clip disks of hands,
arms, bodies, legs, feet and heads. These
can be copied from your character clip
disk. You will then have the ability to
mix and match body parts to create new
characters — just like Dr. Frankenstein.
After your characters have been
drawn, it's time to draw the back-
ground. First, draw the horizon. Use the
rubber band line function to do this. If
this line intersects your character, go
ahead and let it go through the charac-
ter. This will keep the horizon level on
both sides of the pose. Remember, you
can always paste the character back to
the screen from the clip disk if you have
to draw through it to create background
objects.
Make your background relate to your
gag. Keep background objects from
interfering with your characters, and
make sure the scene is proportional.
When you are drawing buildings and
houses, it is best to use rectangles and
rubber band lines. Trees can be
sketched with a single-pixel paintbrush,
using jagged lines for branches. Clouds
can be drawn with a one-pixel brush;
they can also be created with a larger
round brush, then circled with the Edit
box using the Trace Edges function.
f THIS IS A SAMPLE OF
[normal text using the
L aamGED HSLdHB
/V'V
SWOW ! 6
Figure 5
If you want to draw the sun, moon
or planets, use the circle icon. A crescent
moon can be drawn using two circles
spaced 15 to 25 pixels apart, with the
center point staying on the same ho-
rizon line. Erase unwanted curves once
you have your circles in place. Stars are
drawn using the one-pixel paintbrush.
Consecutive patterns like bricks,
shingles or floor patterns can be created
easily by using the Edit Pattern func-
"Developing original
techniques and ideas
is the key to being a
popular cartoonist. "
tion. Be sure to make these patterns
simple so they won't distract from your
character and gag. As with drawing
characters, you can create symmetrical
objects by drawing only half of an
object, then copying and Hipping it to
match the other side. As always, use the
Zoom function to clean up background
objects and get a clear, crisp scene.
Although some cartoon gags can be
expressed without words, most require
some type of dialogue. When you are
adding text to your cartoon, it is best
to create a balloon or dialogue box
outside the cartoon itself and then
incorporate it later.
To create your balloon, you must first
decide what text font you want to use.
I recommend using a small font for
normal text situations. If you want to
emphasize a particular word, use a bold
or shadow style on it. For one-word
expressions like "Boing," "BANG!" or
"Wow," use a large text font with any
style you prefer. Bring in the lasso to
manipulate and center the text. After
you have positioned the text, put the
balloon border around it. There are
several ways to accomplish this: You
can use the one-pixel paintbrush and
draw a circle around the text, cleaning
it up with Fat Bits; you can use a
rounded rectangle to place a border
around the text; or you can use a rubber
band line to express text in a dynamic
manner (see Figure 5).
Once the border is the way you want
it, circle it with the lasso and cut it out.
Position the cartoon in the window and
paste the text balloon back onto the
cartoon. At this point, you can position
the balloon anywhere you want. Click
to make your selection permanent. Next
you must direct the text to the character
that is speaking. Use the one-line brush
or rubber band line to make the cone
point to your character. Use Fat Bits to
clean up. If a character is thinking
instead of speaking, simply draw small
circles going from the character to the
balloon.
At this point, if you are doing a gag
cartoon, you are finished. If you are
doing a strip, repeat the process for
every panel.
When you're finished with your car-
toon, you will want to print it out. If you
are using a dot matrix printer, I recom-
mend using double-strike if possible:
This will give your printed cartoon that
professional look. You can print in any
size you like, but the smaller the print-
out, the more detailed the drawing
looks.
If you are fortunate enough to have
a CGP-220, you can print out a color
version of your cartoon. In my opinion,
this is the only way to print cartoons.
Personally, I prefer to create my car-
toons on my CoCo 2 in black-and-white
and then transfer them to the CoCo 3
for coloring. This way, I have the
cartoon available on both Color Com-
puters, which gives me the ability to
print it out in any style using any
printer.
CoCo cartooning is an entertaining
and creative aspect of graphics applica-
tion on the Color Computer. No partic-
ular style is required, and any CoCo
user can get involved with this newest
aspect of computer graphics. All it takes
is a little imagination and original
thought to produce wonderful cartoons
just like the pros.
(Questions or comments regarding
this tutorial may be directed to the
author at 2774 Lakeside Drive, Mem-
phis, TN 38134. Please enclose an
SASE when writing for a reply.) /R\
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 53
U^gy
]t
This month's article presents one
example of the many verbal
math problems that middle and
upper division school children study.
Verbal problems contain a short written
story that the student must interpret
before the math computation can be
done. Verbal problems come in many
types: Motion, interest and measure-
ment problems are just a few. This
month's program concerns computing
the cost of various amounts of three
grades of gasoline.
This iopic can lead to learning in
subject areas other than math. Students
in social studies, for example, may be
interested in tracing the cost of gasoline
over the past 15 years. The oil crisis of
the 70s made the public acutely aware
for the first time of its vulnerability to
the price of this commodity. I can
vividly remember the high prices and
especially the long lines at gas stations
in those times. Children might enjoy
learning aboul the reasons for the gas
crisis and the likelihood of its return.
Almost every student has access to
and is familiar with the family car.
Several science lessons can be given on
the topic of what makes the cars go. An
explanation of gasoline grades — reg-
ular, premium, leaded and unleaded
should be given to the student before
beginning this program, although I
often find that many children know as
much as adults do about types and
brands of cars and gasolines.
Our program has an illustration of
three gas pumps, which contain regular,
no-lead and premium gas, respectively.
A price for each appears under each
pump. The prices appear randomly
from example to example, always in
ascending order with the premium gas
priced highest. These prices, while not
always totally realistic, tend to offer a
fairly wide variety in practicing the
particular math compulation needed to
solve these problems.
The prices will always be in integers
such as $1.24. To put this program on
a level for older students, you may
readjust the gas prices to fractional or
decimal values as they usually occur in
reality. In this case, be sure to tell the
Steve Blyn teaches both exceptional
ami gifted children, holds two master's
degrees and has won awards for the
design of programs to aid the handi-
capped. He owns Computer Island and
lives in Staten Island, New York.
Practice in solving verbal
math problems
Motor Math
By Steve Blyn
Rainbow Contributing Editor
students to round off to the nearest
whole cent.
The student is asked to compute the
price of a certain number of gallons of
one of the three types of gasoline. The
student must be careful to read the
question and select the type of gasoline
that the question refers to. This is a skill
in and of itself — carefully reading the
question and deciding just what is being
asked for. Too often, students will
assume that they can predict the next
question and fail to read it carefully.
Lines 50 through 120 draw the three
gas pumps. Lines 140 through 190
choose the three current prices. Line 190
ensures that the price of regular gas is
at least SI, with the other two prices
always somewhat higher. Line 210
selects the number of gallons currently
purchased, represented by variable Q.
Line 220 selects the type of gas currently
purchased, represented by variable R.
The true price is therefore times either
A, B or C, depending on whether var-
iable R chooses I, 2 or 3.
Lines 260 through 290 ask for and
evaluate the student's answer. The
student is informed whether the answer
was correct. If incorrect, the correct
answer is displayed. When the ENTER
key is pressed, the next example is
displayed. After 10 examples, the stu-
dent receives a scorecard. The student
may then press B to begin again or E
to end the program.
As always, we at Computer Island
hope that your child or students enjoy
and learn from this program. D
The listing: GflSQUTZ
10 REM" BUYING GASOLINE"
20 REM"STEVE BLYN, COMPUTER IS LAN
D, STATEN ISLAND, NY, 1988"
30 CLS0
40 REM" DRAW THE THREE GAS PUMPS"
50 PRINT@35, "REG. " ; :PRINT@44," N
O ";:PRINT@53, "PREM";
60 PRINT@67," "; :PRINT@76,"LE
AD" ; : PRINTS 8 5 , " " ;
70 FOR X=6 TO 13 : FOR Y=6 TO 14 :S
ET(X,Y,4) :NEXT Y,X
80 FOR X=24 TO 31: FOR Y=6 TO 14:
SET(X,Y,3) :NEXT Y,X
90 FOR X=42 TO 49: FOR Y=6 TO 14:
SET(X,Y,2) :NEXT Y,X
100 FOR Y=4 TO 12 : SET (14 , Y, 5) : SE
T ( 3 2 , Y , 5 ) : SET ( 50 , Y , 5 ) : NEXT Y
110 SET(15, 13,5) :SET(33, 13,5) :SE
T(51,13,5)
120 FOR T=1344 TO 1535 : POKET, 143
:NEXT T
130 REM"CHOOSE THE CURRENT PRICE
S"
54
THE RAINBOW July 1988
140 J=J+1
150 A=RND ( 10/3 ) +50 : B=A+RND ( 20 ) : C=
B+RND(20)
160 A=A/100:B=B/100:C=C/100
170 PRINT@320 , "" : PRINTQ352 , "" : PR
INT@416,"":PRINT@448, I,I,
180 IF J>10 THEN 340
190 IF A<1 THEN 150
200 PRINT@259,USING"#.##";A;:PRI
NT@268,USING"#.##";B;:PRINT@277 /
USING"#.##";C;
210 Q=RND(7)+2:REM"THE # OF GALL
ONS"
220 R=RND(3):IF R=l THEN N=A:A$=
"REGULAR"
2 30 IF R=2 THEN N=B:A$="NO LEAD"
240 IF R=3 THEN N=C:A$=" PREMIUM"
250 AN=N*Q
260 PRINTS 3 20, "WHAT IS THE PRICE
OF"Q"GALLONS OF "A$" GAS TODAY
? $";
270 LINEINPUT W$:W=VAL(W$)
280 IF INT(W*100+.05)=INT(AN*100
+.05) THEN PRINT@426, "CORRECT" :R
R=RR+l:PLAY"A":GOTO 300
2 90 PRINT@4 18, "SORRY, THE ANSWER
IS $";AN
300 PRINT@453, "PRESS ENTER TO GO
ON";
310 EN$=INKEY$
3 20 IF EN$=CHR$(13) THEN 130 ELS
E 310
3 30 GOTO 3 30
340 PRINT@3 2 6,"THIS SET IS OVER.
n
350 PRINT@357, "YOUR SCORE WAS"RR
*10;»%»
360 PRINT@448, "PRESS 'B' TO BEGI
N OR 'E' TO END";
370 EN$=INKEY$
380 IF EN$="B" THEN RUN ELSE IF
EN$="E" THEN CLS:END
3 90 GOTO 370
/R\
REMUSIC 1.0 S3ST^
Jh 1C horPl hj* "— .nd.tf). Enter -une.l ..t
*V J lO 1 IClCi /** data as SASIC HEM UlUaiall — no
graphic interface ia usee. Once loaded,
ȣKtalC keep* a low profile as you work in BASIC. Horo arc a
few ef the ±h£nga you can Oo: COMPOSE uaino t independent
voicaa suppertino custom-definable tone waves anc gfl ft liUlfll
e" veto a.es for aueh effects as decay and viorato. . .PLAT nusie
tftrojen IV or conjtor. . .NEST etultiple «uaic repeats ane speci-
fy different tidnqi, »t^r.>- icall v l-if^n i; re.-n: iterelisns
witn varioui -jaica- f uneiiom. . .SEE M*V 19Se H.iKSGw Oft WHITE
TO US TOfi MORE INFO. PXlZi: 525.00 '
• tot
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July 1E
THE RAINBOW 55
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Tracks 40
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1 Double Sided Slim Line Drive
> Case holds 2 slim line drives
1 Heavy Duty Power Supply
• 2 Drive Cable
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' Controller & Manuals
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• Heavy Duty Power Supply
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Slim Line Drive 99
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32K ECB
An action-packed arcade game written
in machine language
j£fflx
From
Tut's Tomb
By Chris McKernan
THE RAINBOW July 1988
ou were warned, but did you listen? No. And
now you're lost in this musty tomb, fighting for
your life against smelly, stupid horror movie
rejects that don't have sense enough to stay dead when
you shoot them.
Times like these, you have tjo ask yourself — is the
archeological find of the century (not to mention
treasure beyond avarice's most decadent fantasy)
worth all this? Of course — [that's what keeps you
crawling into caves. And if j not for the scientific
recognition and the treasure (but mostly the treasure),
then for the adventure]
Speaking of adventure, you might be a little over
Chris McKernan is an electronics technician for
Paramax Electronics. His hobbies include computers,
photography and music.
your head in it this time. Crawling into
this hole in the ground got you lost in
these dark catacombs. Realizing that
you have stumbled across the elusive
tomb of King Tut is little comfort, at
least not as long as those uglies keep
trying to kill you. Your feeble musket
fire is just barely able to hold them off.
Every time you manage to grab some
treasure and escape from one room into
what must surely be a safe place to stop,
relax and count your riches, more of
those horrible beasts begin chasing you
all over again! It's almost enough to
make you give up exploring . . . Naw!
Tut's Tomb is a machine language
arcade game comprised of three separ-
ate parts, each of which contains five
mazes. Four BASIC programs make up
the machine language program of Part
1, TUT1; two BASK" programs make up
the machine language program of Part
2. TUT2; and two BASIC programs make
up the machine language program of
Part 3, TUT3.
Due to space limitations, only the
BASIC listings that generate the machine
language program of Part I, TUT1, are
presented this month. TUT2 and TUT3
cannot be loaded or run until you
complete the fifth maze of TUT1. [You
may need more than a month to get
through the first five mazes of Tut's
Tomb\\ Onscreen loading instructions
for Part 2 are presented at this time,
along with a clue for solving the final
maze of Part 3. The computer will
appear to lock up. Simply press RESET
and load the next part according to the
instructions. The BASIC listings that
create Part 2 and Part 3 will appear next
month.
Use the following procedure to create
Part I of Tut s Tomb:
1) Enter POKE 113,0 and reset the
computer to do a cold start;
2) Type in listings I through 4 and
save them to tape or disk using the
filenames ONE, TWO, THREE and
FOUR, respectively;
3) Load and run each BASIC program
in order;
4) At the final OK prompt, save the
machine language program, TUT1,
to tape or disk (tape users type
CSflVEM) using the following com-
mand: (C)SRVEITTUTl-\ 20479,
26405,26405.
To move the machine language pro-
gram, TUT1, to its proper memory
location, follow these steps:
1) Enter POKE113,0 and reset the
computer to do a cold start;
2) Enter (C)LOHDfTTUTl", 49152
(tape users type CLOfiDM);
3) Resave the file by entering
(C)5flVEM"TUTl",4095, 10021,
10011;
4) Enter EXEC10011.
In the future, if you followed Step 3
above, you need only load the file and
enter EXEC.
Game Play
Use the right joystick to move the
explorer up, down, left and right. Press
the firebutton on the joystick to begin
each level of play. To shoot the musket,
press the firebutton while pointing the
joystick in the desired direction (it will
only lire right and left).
There are five types of creatures that
will menace you. and you can score a
variable amount of points by killing
them:
Creature Points
Scorpion-tailed bats 10
Blue serpents 20
Giant spiders 40
Disembodied dragon heads 60
Curses 80
Also, there are five types of treasure
with variable point values:
Treasure
Points
Diamond rings
1.000
Priceless vases
2.000
Jewel boxes
3.000
Red sapphire pots
4,000
Gold crown
5.000
To exit a maze you must first obtain
the key contained in that maze. To get
a key, all you have to do is move up
beside it. The key will disappear and be
displayed at the lop of the screen (under
your score). You may then exit by going
to the end of the maze, avoiding or
killing the creatures along the way. Note
that your feet must be touching the
ground in order to exit.
Hints
• You can kill the creatures only by
shooting them in the upper part of
their bodies.
• Every time a creature is killed near its
lair (the hole in the wall surrounded
by red bricks), a new one appears in
its place. New creatures either dupli-
cate or exit the lair, so don't stand
near it while shooting.
• Creatures are not always fatal when
touched. In some cases, they can be
bounced off the explorer's head.
• After completing the five mazes
presented in Part I. a clue is given
describing how to escape the last
maze of Part 3, TUT3.
• In some of the mazes, the explorer
has the ability to fire through bricks
(one of the handy bugs 1 purposely
left in the program).
(Question.'' or comments regarding
this program may be directed to the
author at 2369 Madison tt9, Montreal.
Quebec. Canada 114 B 2T5. Please en-
close an SASE when requesting a
reply.) □
"Assembly Language Programming for (he CoCo" (The Book) and the CoCo 3 (The Addendum).
Professionally produced (not just skimpy technical specifications). THE CoCo reference books.
THE BOOK - 289 pages of teaching
assembly language for the CoCo 1 & 2.
It's used as a school text and is an
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philosophy, and many examples. Also
covered are PIAs, VDG, SAM, kybd,
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THE ADDENDUM - Picks up
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US check or money
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save money - buy I trLU
the BOOK and 68 James Court
ADDENDUM Portsmouth, RI 02871
for only $27.00 +
$2.00 s/h. See Us On DELPHI
July 1988
THE RAINBOW
59
2 00 DATA
9, 19 6, 39, 2, 32, 246, 126,1
Editor's Note: For your convenience, the machine
6
210 DATA
language files for TUT2 and TUT3 will be included
68,79,189,25,228,57,128
on this month's RAINBOW ON TAPE and disk,
,184
22 DATA
9,180
immediately following TUT1. The BASIC listings
that make up these two machine language pro-
255,15,57,18 2,3 9,116,12
grams will he printed in next month s issue.
2 3/3 DATA
32
240 DATA
,57
2 50 DATA
255,255
3 6,7,13 9,60,18 3,3 9,116,
3,127,39,116,189,29,109
57,255,255,255,255,255,
y
i
^y
V
140 149 1270 ..58
290 21 1410 125
510 128 ifinn om
680 91 1760 .161
2 60 DATA
255,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
890 214 END 135
270 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,134,128,184
1060 103
280 DATA
290 DATA
255,15,182,255,15,183,4
32,243,0,0,0,0,0,0
Listing 1: ONE
3/30 DATA
0,0,0,0,4,0,0,0
310 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
5 CLEAR 1000,&H4FFE
3 20 DATA
4,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
10 REM %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%?
3 30 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
%%% PART #1 TUT %%?
340 DATA
83,251,255,255,255,255,
%%% RUN THEN LOAD #2 %%*
255,255
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%?
3 50 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,255
15 FOR X=20479 TO 21959: READ DT:
,255,255
POKE X,DT:NEXT X
3 60 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,255
2/3 DATA 189,18,118,189,23,112,18
,255,255
9,23
370 DATA
255,255,255,2 55,255,255
3/3 DATA 135, 189, 38, 229, 189, 23,1-5
,255,255
4,189
3 80 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,255
4/3 DATA 23, 220, 189, 24, 5, 189,24, S
,255,255
"
3
390 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,255
5/3 DATA 127, 30, 25/3,134,1,183,31,
,255,255
54
400 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,2 55
6/3 DATA 183,31,55,134,24/3,183,31 ,255,255
,24
410 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,255
70 DATA 189,25,3,189,24,112,189,
,255,255
25
420 DATA
255,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
80 DATA 2/3/3,189,27,14,189,27,9,0,
430 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
189
440 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
9/3 DATA 18, 92, 182, 255, /3, 129, 254,
450 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
39
4 60 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
10/3 DATA 4,129,126,38,245,189,37 47/3 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
,76
4 80 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
110 DATA 189,37,164,189,38,82,18 490 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
9,38
500 DATA
35,255,255,255,255,255,
120 DATA 125,79,177,30,237,38,19 255,255
,189
510 DATA
255,255,2 55,255,2 55,2 55
130 DATA 2/3, 1/3, 182, 255, /3, 129, 254 ,255,255
,16
520 DATA
255,255,255,255,2 55,18 9
140 DATA 39,255,157,129,126,38,2 ,21,224
43,126
530 DATA
189,21,224,189,21,224,1
150 DATA 15,255,189,26,190,189,3 27,255
7,206
540 DATA
201,127,255,34,127,255,
160 DATA 189,28,110,189,29,35,18 2/32,127
9,16
550 DATA
255,206,127,255,192,127
170 DATA 162,189,16,152,189,30,1 ,255,194
24,189
560 DATA
127,255,196,142,17,248,
18/3 DATA 25,2/30,189,23,174,189,3 16,142
6,235
570 DATA
4,0,95,166,128,167,160,
19/3 DATA 16, 142, 0,0, 49, 33, 16, 140 92
60 THE RAINBOW July 1988
580
DATA
19 3,78,39,2,32,245,182,
800 DATA
165,18 3,4 3,166,183,4 3,1
30
67,189
590
DATA
2 20, 18 3, 15, 161,18 2,30,2
810 DATA
21,224,189,21,224,189,2
21,183
1,224
600
DATA
15,162,182,30,222,183,1
820 DATA
182,30,220,177,30,230,3
5,163
4,42
610
DATA
182,30,22 3,183,15,164,1
830 DATA
37,70,182,30,221,177,30
82,30
,231
620
DATA
224,183,15,165,134,56,1
840 DATA
34,32,37,60,182,30,222,
83,15
177
630
DATA
160,57,4,4,4,4,4,4
8 50 DATA
30,232,34,22,37,50,182,
640
DATA
4,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
30
650
DATA
0,3,12,21,5,32,14,15
8 60 DATA
223,177,30,233,34,12,37
660
DATA
20,8,9,14,7,32,5,17
,40
670
DATA
21,1,12,19,32,19,15,13
870 DATA
182,30,224,177,30,2 34,3
680
DATA
5,20,8,9,14,7,32,32
4,2
690
DATA
32,3,15,14,7,18,1,20
880 DATA
3 2,30,182,30,220,183,30
700
DATA
21,12,1,20,9,15,14,19
,230
710
DATA
32,6,9,14,9,19,8,5
890 DATA
182,30,221,183,30,231,1
720
DATA
4,32,16,1,18,20,15,14
82,30
730
DATA
5,12,15,1,4,32,14,5
900 DATA
22 2,183,30,232,182,30,2
740
DATA
24,20,32,16,1,18,20,0
23,183
750
DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
910 DATA
30, 233, '182, 30, 224, 183, 3
7 60
DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
0,234
770
DATA
0,0,0,0,0,134,255,183
920 DATA
189,27,66,57,0,0,0,0
780
DATA
43,196,183,43,197,183,4
930 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
3,198
940 DATA
0,0,0,0,4,0,0,0
790
DATA
183,43,199,183,43,164,1
950 DATA
0,0,4,0,4,0,4,0
83,43
960 DATA
4,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
TURBO RAM
BOARD
$39.95
ZEROK
$119.95
512 K
Fast 120 nsec RAM chips
Easy-to-follow instructions
No soldering
Includes RAM Board Utilities
PYRAMIX Arcade Game $19.95
BACKUP LIGHTNING (disk duplicator) $1 4.95
RAM BOARD UTILITIES
• RAM Disk for RSDOS
• Print Spooler
• Sophisticated MEMORY TEST Program
S&H: S3.50 U.S. and Canada (S1 5 foreign)
COD: S2.25 U.S. only
2ND Day Air: S1.50 (contiguous U.S. only)
Tax: inside California add 6%
VISA or MC accepted
DUAL-MODE
CONTROLLER
PAL UPGRADE
$7.95
for grey or white
MULTI-PACK (26-3024)
$19.95
$99.95'
'ROM not included IRS DOS
1.1R0M-$I9.95).3ZK
SRAM -$16.95.
1 00% Compatible with existing HAV & S/W
No MULTI-PACK required (low power draw)
8K Cache memory (expandable to 32K)
Track Reads(programs load up to 2x faster)
Two Switched Sockets (supports 8K ROM,
2764/27128/27256 EPROMs)
Gold Contacts for reliability
Easy Installation (no cutting, soldering, jumpers or
external wires)
Runs under OS-9 with:
• no-halt read/write
• interrupts and multi-tasking enabled
• reliable clock and type-ahead
30 DAY MONEY-BACK
GUARANTEE PLUS FULL 1 YEAR
WARRANTY ON ALL PRODUCTS!
Prices subject to change without notice
Send check or money-order to:
erformance
eripherals
1 1432 Pena Way
MiraLoma. CA 91752
Or Call (714) 681-3007
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 61
970 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
34,20
980 DATA 194,251,255,255,255,255
13 40 DATA
189,2 3,148,142,42,80,1
,255,255
34,21
990 DATA 255,187,185,197,161,222
13 50 DATA
189,23,148,142,42,82,1
,7,255
34,22
1000 DATA 82,161,197,11,0,0,171,
13 60 DATA
189,23,148,142,42,83,1
238
34,23
1010 DATA 161,181,1,2,221,161,16
13 70 DATA
189,23,14 8,142,42,84,1
1,2
34,24
1020 DATA 4,160,240,0,255,66,89,
13 80 DATA
189,23,148,142,42,85,1
32
34,25
1030 DATA 67,72,82,73,83,32,77,6
7
1040 DATA 75,69,82,78,65,78,255,
13 90 DATA
,13
1400 DATA
189,23,148,57,70,68,32
0,198,30,247,20,179,13
255
4,255
1050 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,25
1410 DATA
16,14 2,0,15,189,23,51,
5,255,255
246
1060 DATA 255,3,1,13,0,0,0,0
1420 DATA
20,179,90,193,1,39,5,2
1070 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
47
1080 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
14 30 DATA
20,179,3 2,234,57,0,0,0
1090 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1440 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1100 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1450 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1110 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1460 DATA
0,118,255,255,255,255,
1120 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
255,255
1130 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1470 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,2 5
1140 DATA 193,255,255,255,255,25
5,255,255
5,74,32
14 80 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,25
1150 DATA 32,255,255,255,255,255
5,255,255
,255,255
14 90 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,25
1160 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,25
5,255,255
5,255,255
1500 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,25
1170 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,25
5,255,84
5,255,255
1510 DATA
85,84,84,69,84,85,84,6
1180 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,25
6
5,255,255
1520 DATA
13,13,13,32,2,191,21,2
1190 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,25
2
5,255,255
1530 DATA
142,36,14,16,142,0,2,1
1200 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,25
34
5,255,255
1540 DATA
255,230,132,189,23,51,
1210 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,25
48,1
5,255,255
1550 DATA
140,36,33,46,2,32,236,
1220 DATA 255,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
190
1230 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,28,185
1560 DATA
21,22,57,0,0,0,0,0
1240 DATA 187,185,197,162,30,13,
1570 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
185,236
1580 DATA
0,0,0, 0/0, 0r0,0
1250 DATA 187,185,197,189,51,177
1590 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
,106,0
1600 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1260 DATA 188,225,183,77,174,84,
1610 DATA
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
173,45
1620 DATA
0,25,255,255,255,255,2
1270 DATA 173,196,0,0,0,0,0,85
55,255
1280 DATA 85,85,85,85,85,85,85,8
1630 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,25
5
5,255,255
1290 DATA 85,85,85,85,85,85,85,8
1640 DATA
255,255,255,255,255,25
5
5,255,59
1300 DATA 85,85,85,85,85,85,85,8
5
1310 DATA 85,85,85,142,42,77,134
1650 DATA
6
1660 DATA
235,16,142,0,0,49,33,1
140,15,160,38,248,57,1
,13
98,50
1320 DATA 189,23,148,142,42,78,1
1670 DATA
16,142,0,40,189,23,51,
34,19
134
1330 DATA 189,23,148,142,42,79,1
1680 DATA
255,198,30,16,142,0,20
62 THE RAINBOW July 1988
,189
0,189
1690
DATA
23,51,57,120,246,21,11
1850 DATA 23,51,134,255,198,25,1
9,90
6,142
170J3
DATA
193,30,37,5,247,21,119
1860 DATA 0,115,189,23,51,134,25
,32
5,198
1710
DATA
223,57,0,16,142,31,49,
1870 DATA 50
189
1720
1730
1740
5,82
DATA
DATA
DATA
37,37,57,0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
5,185,161,161,222,7,25
s
1
S
V
160 230 1090 168
320 226 1230 73
490 123 1410 147
1750
DATA
161,197,11,0,0,171,238
630 99 1540 115
,161
790 198 1690 96
1760
4
1770
DATA
DATA
181,1,2,221,161,161,2,
30,0,79,0,0,0,0,0
930 43 END 189
Listinp 2" TWO
1780
DATA
27,255,255,255,255,255
,255,
255
10 REM %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
1790
DATA
255,255,255,255,255,83
%%% PART #2 TUT %%%
,84,69
%%% RUN THEN LOAD #3 %%%
1800
DATA
83,84,70,70,70,70,70,8
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
4
15 FOR X=219 60 TO 2 3 400: READ DT:
1810
DATA
85,84,66,65,83,73,67,6
POKE X,DT:NEXT X
7
20 DATA 16,142,0,230,189,23,51,5
1820
DATA
67,67,67,67,67,67,67,6
7
7
30 DATA 171,67,67,67,67,67,67,67
1830
DATA
67,67,67,67,67,67,255,
40 DATA 67,67,67,67,67,67,67,0
134
50 DATA 134,255,198,30,16,142,0,
1840
DATA
255,198,50,16,142,0,23
100
COLOR RIBBONS & PAPER
COLOR RIBBONS
RED • BLUE • GREEN • BROWN • PURPLE • YELLOW
ftlhhom Price Ench:
Block
Color
Mom
Trnnsfor
Radio Shack - DMP 100
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4.75
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6.75
8.50
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5.25
6.50
7.95
- DMP 200
6.75
8.50
—
- DMP 230/520
4.00
5.25
—
- DMP 2100
5.75
—
—
- DMP 410/510
5.00
7.00
—
- DMP 430
12.00
—
—
Apple Imagowriter l/ll
3.75
4.50
6.50
Citizen 120 D
5.00
6.00
7.95
Epson MX80/LX800
3.75
4.25
6.75
Okidala 182/192
6.50
7.50
—
Panasonic K-XP 1090
6.75
7.75
—
Seikosha SP 800/1000
5.25
6.50
7.95
Star NX10/NL10
5.00
6.00
7.95
Star NX 1000
Call For Price
COLOR PAPER
BRIGHT PACK- 200 Sheets/50 each color: Red.
Blue. Green. Yellow. 9 1/2 X 11 - S10.90/pk.
PASTEL PACK- 200 Sheels/50 each color: Pink,
Yellow, Blue. Ivory. 9 1/2 X 11 - S10.90/pk.
T-SHIRT RIBBONS IHeat Trensler) - Call For Price.
COLOR DISKETTES
5 1/4" DS/DD Rainbow Pack. 10/pack - 812.50
For rlbboni & paper not llslnd abova. call tor pries A BvsH Prlco & sprrc. aublocl lo
cbflngn w/o nollcrr Min order $25 00 Mtn. S & H 93 50. Add 97.25 C.O.D. odd')
IL rea. add 6.26% la«. MC & Vina accepted.
RENCO COMPUTER SUPPLIES
P.O. Box 475. Mnnlono. IL 60950 U.S.A.
I 800 522-6922 • IILI 1-800-356-9981 • 815-468 8081
THE POWER STONES
OFARD
THE QUEST FOR
THE SPIRIT STONE
■*P
:±rX
You're tired, you're hungry, not to mention you're badly injured.
No one in town seems lo want to talk to you. Your magic sword has
stopped glowing, the room is dark, you're out of spells, you can't
gel your wand lo work, you won't swear to it but you may be lost.
you have no idea what lhal last puzzle meant, and you hear something
large moving jusi beyond the only door. The old sage warned you
there would be days like Ihis!
"QUEST FOR THE SPIRIT STONE" is an Adventure that will
keep you playing for hours. It features single keystroke commands.
16 color graphics. 100% Hi-Res graphics screens, full game save,
extensive playing area, level advancement, and the disk is not copy-
protected. You choose your character's name, race, sex. and ability
scores. The use of arrow keys simplify movement. This one is easy
lo play but a challenge to complete!
ONLY $18.00 AND WE PAY SHIPPING!
North Carolina residents add 5% sale* tax
COLOR COMPUTER 3 AND ONE DISK DRIVE REQUIRED
Send check or money order lo:
or call:
(919)582-5121
THREE Cs
l= > R Q J E C T S
P.O. Box 1323
Hamlet, NC 28345
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 63
60 DATA 189,23,51,134,200,198,30 0,222
,16 410 DATA
70 DATA 142,0,90,189,23,51,134,2 30
55 420 DATA
80 DATA 198,30,16,142,0,90,189,2 21,129
3 430 DATA
90 DATA 51,134,200,198,25,16,142 21
,0 440 DATA
100 DATA 110,189,23,51,134,200,1 29,10
98,30 450 DATA
110 DATA 16,142,0,110,189,23,51, ,182
57 4 60 DATA
120 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,255 3
,255,255 470 DATA
130 DATA 255,255,255,255,255,255 2,255
,255,13 480 DATA
140 DATA 78,85,82,67,67,67,67,67 ,255
150 DATA 67,67,67,67,67,67,67,67 490 DATA
160 DATA 67,67,67,67,67,67,67,67 ,8
170 DATA 67,67,67,13,190,39,214, 500 DATA
189 6,191
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214 2,30
190 DATA 38,6,204,0,0,253,31,6 520 DATA
200 DATA 190,31,8,188,39,214,38, ,252
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210 DATA 204,0,0,253,31,8,190,31 ,228
220 DATA 10,188,39,214,38,6,204, 540 DATA
57
230 DATA 0,253,31,10,190,31,12,1 550 DATA
88 55/195
240 DATA 39,214,38,6,204,0,0,253 560 DATA
250 DATA 31,12,190,31,14,188,39, ,183,255
214 570 DATA
260 DATA 38,6,204,0,0,253,31,14 57,134
270 DATA 190,31,16,188,39,214,38 580 DATA
,6 64
280 DATA 204,0,0,253,31,16,189,2 590 DATA
1 4
290 DATA 24,190,39,214,189,27,13 600 DATA
7,57 66
300 DATA 38,52,182,40,161,129,0, 610 DATA
38 2,193
310 DATA 45,182,58,61,129,0,38,3 620 DATA
8 630 DATA
320 DATA 182,58,33,129,0,38,31,1 ,142
82 640 DATA
330 DATA 30,235,129,9,44,24,76,1 148
83 650 DATA
340 DATA 30,235,189,25,37,134,85 ,23
,183 660 DATA
350 DATA 40,189,183,40,161,183,5 ,189
8,61 670 DATA
360 DATA 183,58,33,189,21,202,57 224
,0 680 DATA
370 DATA 0,0,0,0,231,137,255,65 ,134
380 DATA 231,136,161,57,0,0,182, 690 DATA
30 ,134
390 DATA 223,129,10,37,8,128,10, 700 DATA
183 ,134
400 DATA 30,223,124,30,222,182,3 710 DATA
129,10,37,8,128,10,183,
222,124,30,221,182,30,2
10,37,8,128,10,183,30,2
124,30,220,182,30,220,1
37,16,128,10,183,30,220
30,237,76,129,9,46,3,18
30,237,57,183,30,225,18
3,132,247,183,255,3,182
1,13 2,247,183,255,1,134
186,255,35,183,255,35,1
30,228,16,190,30,22 8,18
225,183,255,32,49,63,38
79,183,255,32,16,190,30
49,63,38,252,90,38,227,
134,0,183,255,197,183,2
183,255,203,183,255,207
200,134,255,183,255,34,
0,142,40,0,167,128,140,
0,38,249,57,16,142,31,6
198,7,61,49,171,198,0,1
160,167,13 2,48, 13 6,3 2,9
7,39,2,32,242,57,142,41
2,182,30,220,189,23,148
41,3,182,30,221,189,23,
142,41,4,182,30,222,189
148,142,41,5,182,30,223
23,148,142,41,6,182,30,
189,23,148,57,142,40,13
11,189,23,148,142,40,14
12,189,23,148,142,40,15
13,189,2 3,148,142,40,16
64
THE RAINBOW July 1988
3k
*><%
%?%,
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*# -4W
\ I
W
W1&
Retrieve more online
for less with GEnie!
^I've really tracked down superior selection and service
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You're barking up die wrong tree if you
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&>
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O I9W4 General FJecnk Company. USA.
HOWARD MEDICAL COMPUTERS
1690 N. Elston • Chicago, IL 60622 • orders (800) 443-1444 • inquiries and order status (312) 278-1440
* 5 STAR FINAL
JULY '88
CLEAR
HMC SAVES BUDGET
Hundreds of $ off Monitors sighted as Major Factor. HMC is reported to
have made a special purchase on Magnavox monitors. These items, listed,
are being offered at remarkable savings.
MAGNAVOX 7622 12" Amber Screen offers 900 dots x 350 lines resolu-
tion at 20 MHz on a dark glass anti-glare CRT witli built-in audio and 1 year
warranty. ($7 shipping) $ 88 7652 green screen also available $88
MAGNAVOX 8 CM 515 has analog RGB for CoCo 3, TTL RGB for
Tandy 1000 or IBM PC's, and composite color for CoCo 2 and 3. Built-in
speaker. 14" screen with 640 dot X 240 line resolution. Plus 2 years parts
and labor warranty, reg. list $499 SAVE $200 s 298 + $14 Shipping
CC-3 Magnavox RGB cable only *19.95 with Magnavox Monitor
order. $29.95 w/o monitor.
Savings have spread to the Zenith Line.
123A 12" This 12" green screen high resolution monitor offers 80 column
capability, Zenith quality and a 90-day warranty valid at any of Zenith's 1200
locations. Retail $199. Our price s 67.50 ($7 shipping) REPACK
VA-1 for monochrome and color monitors delivers video interface for CoCo's
1 & 2 s 24.45 ($2 shipping)
DRIVE + . Howards Drive
gives you a DD-3 MPI drive, a CA-1
cable and a J&M DC-4 Disk Control-
ler for only *178.45. Double sided
double density 360K. ($5 shipping)
Add $34 for a Disto DC-3.
HMC's Guarantee—
A Promise you can take to the Bank.
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee
is meant to eliminate the uncertainty
of dealing with a company through
the mail. Once you receive our hard-
ware, try it out; test it for compat-
ibility. If you're not happy with it for
any reason, return it in 30 days and
we'll give you your money back (less
shipping. ) Shipping charges are for
48 states. APO, Canada and Puerto
Rico orders are higher.
Buyout on DISTO
Disk Controllers
Includes controller and C-DOS 4.0
ROM Chip. DISTO *98 DC-3[a]
($2 shipping on all DISTO products)
ADD-ON BOARDS
DC-3P Mini Eprom programmer
includes all software to program
2764 or 27128 chips [B] s 55
DC-3C Clock Calendar and parallel
printer port[£]*40
Items featured as evidence
of Savings
INVESTIGATION OF "LOWEST
PRICES" PROVES TRUE Disc Con-
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provide absolute proof.
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hotline
number
DON'T MISS OUT,
ORDER TODAY!
800 / 443-1444
WE ACCEPT VISA
• MASTERCARD • AMERICAN ;
EXPRESS • C.O.D. OR CHECKS
•SCHOOL P.O.
The Big^
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The \ndispensable
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Every single issue of THE RAINBOW covers the
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Join the tens of thousands who have found THE
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Rainbow On Tape
& Rainbow On Disk!
— great ways to bring THE RAINBOW into your life.
Each month, all you do is pop the tape into your
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To get your first heaping helping, just fill out and
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164,166,128,167,33,166
720 DATA
14,189,23,148,142,40,17
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1030 DATA
34,166,128,167,35,92,1
730 DATA
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93,20
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1040 DATA
39,5,49,168,32,32,230,
740 DATA
182,30,230,189,2 3,14 8,1
246
42,41
1050 DATA
39,212,57,182,30,250,1
750 DATA
14,18 2,30,2 31,189,23,14
98,2
8,142
1060 DATA
61,253,39,214,142,34,2
760 DATA
41,15,182,30,232,189,23
50,48
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1070 DATA
139,236,132,253,30,248
770 DATA
142,41,16,182,30,233,18
,252,39
9,23
1080 DATA
214,142,35,4,48,139,23
780 DATA
148,142,41,17,182,30,23
6,132
4,189
1090 DATA
253,31,2,252,3 9,214,14
790 DATA
23,148,57,142,40,108,13
2,35
4,16
1100 DATA
14,48,139,236,132,253,
300 DATA
189,35,115,142,40,109,1
30,255
34,17
1110 DATA
252,39,214,142,35,24,4
810 DATA
189,35,115,142,40,110,1
8,139
34,18
1120 DATA
23 6,132,253,30,253,252
820 DATA
189,35,115,142,40,111,1
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34,19
1130 DATA
142,35,34,48,139,236,1
830 DATA
189,3 5,115,142,40,112,1
32,253
82,30
1140 DATA
31,4,182,30,250,183,31
840 DATA
235,189,35,115,57,142,4
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0,20
1150 DATA
183,31,18,204,0,0,253,
8 50 DATA
182,30,23 6, 189,2 3,148,1
31
42,40
1160 DATA
6,253,31,8,253,31,10,2
8 60 DATA
21,182,30,237,189,23,14
53
8,57
1170 DATA
31,12,253,31,14,253,31
870 DATA
182,30,250,198,64,61,14
,16
2,32
1180 DATA
252,30,248,253,30,251,
880 DATA
8,48,139,191,39,215,79,
57,190
95
1190 DATA
30,251,48,136,224,140,
890 DATA
16,142,43,224,16,191,39
43,224
,213
1200 DATA
37,17,190,30,251,95,22
900 DATA
189,24,200,166, 13 2,189,
5,136
24,216
1210 DATA
192,38,8,225,13 6,193,3
910 DATA
189,24,184,189,24,184,1
8,3
89,24
12 20 DATA
134,1,57,79,57,190,30,
920 DATA
184,189,24,184,189,24,1
251
84,189
12 30 DATA
95,225,137,2,64,38,9,2
930 DATA
24,184,189,24,184,92,19
25
3,8
12 40 DATA
137,2,65,38,3,134,1,57
940 DATA
3 9,45,189,2 4,200,49,169
1250 DATA
79,57,190,30,251,95,22
,2
5,31
950 DATA
100,48,1,189,24,208,32,
1260 DATA
38,9,225,137,1,255,38,
208
3
960 DATA
189,24,200,48,1,49,36,1
1270 DATA
134,1,57,79,57,190,30,
66
251
970 DATA
132,189,24,208,189,24,2
12 80 DATA
95,225,2,3 8,9,225,137,
16,57
2
980 DATA
190,39,215,16,190,3 9,21
1290 DATA
2,38,3,134,1,57,79,57
3,57
1300 DATA
190,30,251,16,142,34,2
990 DATA
191,39,215,16,191,39,21
16,79
3,57
1310 DATA
95,166,160,167,132,166
1000 DATA 247,39,212,198,80,61,1
,160,167
42,33
13 20 DATA
1,92,193,17,39,5,43,13
1010 DATA 72,48,139,79,95,166,12
6
8,167
1330 DATA
3 2,32,23 8,57,190,30,25
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 67
1,95
1640 DATA 129,2,46,15,189,26,254
13 40 DATA
167,132,167,1,92,193,1
,129
7,39
1650 DATA 254,39,36,129,126,39,3
13 50 DATA
5,48,136,32,32,242,57,
2,189
189
1660 DATA 26,37,57,182,1,91,129,
13 60 DATA
25,111,129,0,39,15,189
59
,16
1670 DATA 37,4,189,26,14,57,129,
1370 DATA
152,190,30,251,48,13 6,
2
192,191
1680 DATA 46,16,189,25,247,57,18
1380 DATA
30,2 51,189,2 5,200,57,1
2,255
89,25
1690 DATA 0,57,189,26,82,32,3,18
1390 DATA
141,129,0,39,15,189,16
9
,152
1700 DATA 26,133,189,25,200,57,1
1400 DATA
190,30,251,48,136,64,1
82,30
91,30
1710 DATA 250,198,20,61,142,35,5
1410 DATA
251,18 9,25,200,57,189,
0,48
25,162
1720 DATA 139,95,16,190,30,255,1
1420 DATA
129,0,39,14,189,16,152
89,27
,190
1730 DATA 35,32,19,166,128,167,1
1430 DATA
30,251,48,31,191,30,25
64,166
1,189
1740 DATA 128,167,33,92,193,10,3
1440 DATA
25,200,57,189,25,181,1
9,5
29,0
1750 DATA 49,168,32,32,238,57,14
1450 DATA
39,14,189,16,152,190,3
2,36
0,251
1760 DATA 14,16,190,30,253,95,18
14 60 DATA
48,1,191,30,251,189,25
9,27
,200
1770 DATA 35,57,134,3,183,30,237
1470 DATA
57,137,190,30,251,79,1
,127
98,255
1780 DATA 30,220,127,30,221,127,
1480 DATA
48,137,0,194,166,132,1
30,222
29,0
1790 DATA 127,30,223,127,30,224,
1490 DATA
38,4,231,12 8,32,246,18
127,30
9,20
1800 DATA 250,57,204,0,0,253,31,
1500 DATA
180,95,18,16,190,30,25
6
1,49
1810 DATA 253,31,8,253,31,10,253
1510 DATA
169,0,194,95,191,39,21
,31
4,16
1820 DATA 12
1520 DATA
18 8,39,214,39,4,231,16
0,32
1530 DATA
242,189,27,192,57,190,
y
• 3
/
30,251
V
180 91 1150 54
1540 DATA
1,166
79,198,255,48,137,0,19
•3-in K7 -lion mo
470 49 1470 240
1550 DATA
,48
132,129,0,38,6,231,132
650 124 1750 30
830 136 END 65
970 196
1560 DATA
5,18
31,32,244,189,20,180,9
1570 DATA
16,190,30,251,49,169,0
Listing 3: THR
EE
,191
1580 DATA
95,191,3 9,214,16,188,3
10 REM %-
&%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
9,214
%!
fc% PART #3 TUT %%%
1590 DATA
39,6,231,164,49,63,32,
% =
!:% CONTAINS MAZE DATA%%%
240
V
fc% RUN THEN LOAD #4 %%%
1600 DATA
48,31,189,27,192,57,17
% =
fe%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
3,159
15 FOR X=
=23401 TO 24921.-READ DT:
1610 DATA
160,10,182,1,90,129,59
POKE X,D r
DlNEXT X
,37
20 DATA :
253,31,14,253,31,16,57,1
1620 DATA
15,189,2 6,254,129,2 54,
6
39,50
30 DATA .
L42, 35, 250, 79, 95, 166, 160
1630 DATA
129,126,39,46,189,26,5
,167
9,57
40 DATA .
L32, 166, 160, 167, 1,92, 193
68
THE RAINBOW July 1988
PRINTER LIGHTNING
A greai print spooler which gives you
44K print buffer from a 128K CoCo and
up to 438K (200 pages!) from a 512K
CoCo. With this spooler you can run a
program while you are printing a file.
The spooler does not slow down the
computer to any noticeable extent while
you are running a second program and
no lost characters arise. Baud rates
selectable. Printer Lightning can reside
in memory along with RAMDISKl
Proven Technology
New CoCo 3 Utilities
Great for 512K Systems! From Color Venture and OWL- WARE
NEW NEW
Using 512K CoCo 3 you have access to
2 additional disk drives in RAM. All
disk commands are supported, and the
data are Reset button protected. You
can now have up to 5 disk drive capa-
cities on line at once and can assign the
ram disks to any drive number. By
making the ramdisk Drive 0, all pro-
grams which require a lot of drive
access will run much faster. You can
have the RAMDISK in memory at the
same time as the Printer Lightning*.
BACKUP LIGHTNING
This program is the fastest way to make
backup copies of your files using a 512K
CoCo. You can backup 35, 40, or 80
track disks single or double sided. Both
RS and OS-9 disks may be backed up.
The original disk is saved to memory
and a copy can be made on an
unformatted disk every 45 seconds! The
lightning read, write, format, and verify
routines that were developed make this
program much quicker that RSDOS or
OS-9 for backups. This will become one
of your most used programs!
Only $1 9.95 each. 3 for $39.95.
SPECIAL With our 512K Upgrade (Next page) only $2. BBCh Or 3 for $5!
Announcing:
The finest graphics/drawing program for Ihc COCO 3!
Da Vinci 3
16 colors on screen ai one lime
Modify each color from 64 available colors
Use composite or RGB monitor
i Draw with custom paintbrushes
i Full resoluiion 320 X 192
Picture converter for conversion of
COCO 2 pictures to COCO 3
Multiple text fonts
Accepts input from joystick. X-pad.
mouse, or touch-pad
l Boxes, circles, line, paint generation
I Screen dump for Tandy mono and color ink-jet
printers, (NX- 10 and others pending)
I Sensible price
I No additional hardware required because of
course/fine joystick movement modes
[ Zoom mode for individual pixel editing
I Great on screen menu which is removable at
the touch of a key to allow full screen edit
128KorS12KCOC0 3
$37.95
Super I/O Board for OS-9
Each Board Provides 2 Serial Ports and Centronics Parallel Port
First Board has Real Time Clock and Beeper... With Second Board up to 5 Users
2 Serial Ports
More
Ads...
The serial ports are usable up to 19,200 Baud, and
(he parallel port is a true Centronics standard.
Plug into your multi-pak. On CoCo 3, multi-pak
must be upgraded. You will have a multi-user
system with additional computers or terminals
plugged into the serial ports. An OWL hard drive
and 512K upgrade are strongly recommended for
multi-user systems. fffc ^k ^± ^k
Intro Price... ij> I OV?-
BOARD 2. ..$145.
(up lo r 0,200 BAUD)
CENTRONICS
PARALLEL
PORT
III
P.O. Box 116-A
Mertztown, PA 19539
ORDER LINES (only) —
(800) 245-6228
(21 5) 682-6855 (PA)
r
OWL-WARE
Pro ven
On the Razor's Edge of
Basic and OS-9 Hard
Drive Systems
Proven Performance for Demanding Home or
Business Users
Every hard drive which has been
produced by OWL- WARE during the
last 3 years is complete. A system con-
sists of software, hard drive, controller,
heavy-duty power supply, and LR Tech
Interface. There are no hidden costs for
assembly or testing. When a drive sys-
tem is ordered, we fully assemble, test,
and burn-in the system for 3 full days.
This ensures dependability and op-
timum performance.
We have now been supplying CoCo
hard drive systems and parts for more
than 3 years. This is the longest history
in the CoCo market of any system.
Some other advertisers are stating that
they have one of the most reliable sys-
tems for the CoCo with all of 4 months
history in the CoCo hard drive market'.
We have reached our position in the
hard drive market by providing our cus-
tomers with a quality product that they
(and we) can be proud to own and use.
10 Meg. 20 Meg. 40 Meg. 80 Meg.
(2 X 40 Meg.)
System Prices: (includes Hard Drive, Controller, LR Tech Interface,
Software. Fully assembled and tested.)
Because of many requests for a lower
price system in kit form, we are now
selling a kit of all parts at a significant
discount compared to our regular
prices. We recommend this kit (or any
kits offered by any other supplier) only
to those who have experience in
electronic assembly and OS-9.
For OS-9
Levels 1
and 2
>469.
$599. $725. $1,069.
Kit Prices: <LR Tech System as above but not assembled or tested.)
5419. $549. $659. $999.
Kit Prices: (As above but using Burke & Burke bus adapter)
$519. $629. (na)
$559.
OWL Hard Drive BASIC 3
There have been several ads in this
magazine about BASIC for Color
Computer hard drive systems. These
ads sometimes only tell a part of the
story. Our BASIC system price in-
cludes assembly, testing, and 3-day
burn-in period. We do not require a
Multi-pak to operate.
Our hard drive systems are fast, reli-
able, and reasonable in price. This has
been proven by hundreds of users over
the past 3 years. We do not have to turn
off error checking for speed. We
achieve high speed BASIC from a uni-
que indexing method.
The table below will summarize some
of the key points about our BASIC hard
drive system and two other systems. We
believe that we have the best BASIC in-
terface for CoCo hard drives available.
BASIC Hard Drive Systems
Feature OWL B&B RGB
Drive Portion
Available
Entire Entiref?)
Entire
User Sets
BASIC/OS-9
Partitions
YES Yes
No
Add to Exist-
ing OS-9
Drive Without
Reformat
YES Yes(?)
No
Drives 0-3
Hard/Floppv
YES No
Yes
Built in Park
YES No
Yes
Speed"
FAST Fast
Fast
All feature details are believed to be
true at time of writing and are subject
to change. We believe that our BASIC
hard drives are the fastest due to our in-
dexing method, but all three systems
are fast. On ours all BASIC commands
work including DSKINI, DSKIS, and
DSKOS.
Prices: With/Without Hard
ive
$35./$79.
Technology
the Color Computer Frontier
Floppy Drive Systems
The Highest Quality for Service Now and for Years to
Come
Use our WHISPER DRIVE for the finest, quietist drive
Drive Systems (Half Height, Double Sided, Direct
Drives) «j>^ I \j»
Drive systems complete with drive, controller, legal DOS,
cable, case, power supply, and manual
Drive 1 Systems (Half Height, Double Sided, Direct
Drives) 5j> I ^1^7.
New 3.5", 720K Drives for OS-9 with case &
Power Supply 5(> 1 * 9 ■
Drive 1 Systems have drive, case, power supply. (You may
require optional cable and/or DOS chip to use)
Special for 0/1 Combos (Drives 0,1 ,2,3) $315.
HALF- HEIGHT DRIVE
UPGRADES FOR RS
HORIZONTAL CASES
Why only double the capacity of jour:
system when you can triple in the same
case? Kit includes double-sided to fit
your case, chip to run both sides of new
drive, hardware, and detailed uistruc-
( ions. Easy! Takes only 5 minutes!
Model $11 9. Model $129.
500 501 or 502
All drives are new and fullv assembled.
We ship only FULLY TESTED and
CERTIFIED at these low prices. We
use Fuji, YE Data, and other fine
brands. No drives are used or surplus
unless otherwise stated to you when
you order. We appear to be the one of
the few advertisers in Rainbow who
can truly make this claim. We have 5
years experience in the CoCo disk
drive market! We are able to provide
support when you have a problem.
OWL Phones
Order Numbers (only)
1-800-245-6228
1-215-682-6855
Technical Help
1-215-837-1917 ;
-\
OWL WARE Software Bundle
Disk Tutorial/Utilities/Games
DISK TUTOR Ver 1.1
Learn how to use your disk drive from
this multi-lesson, machine language
program. This tutor lakes you through
your lessons and corrects your mistakes
for a quick, painless disk drive introduc-
tion. (This professionally written tutor
is easily worth the bundle's total price.)
OWL DOS
An operating system that gives faster
disk access and allows the use of
double-sided drives. Corrects a floating
point number error on early CoCo sys-
tems.
COPY-IT
Quickly copies selected programs be-
tween disks. A wild card option selects
groups of programs to copy.
VERIFY
Verifies reading of each sector. Bad
sectors are listed on the screen.
2 GAMES
We will select 2 games from our stock.
These sold for more than S20 each.
If sold separately this is more than $125
worth of software!!
Do not mistake this software with
cheap, non-professional "Public
Domain" software which is being of-
fered by others. All of this software is
copyrighted and professional in quality.
The tutor is unique with us and has
helped thousands of new users learn
their disk drive.
only $27.95
(or even better)
only $6.95 with
g
. ur prices, include a. discount tor cash
ut db not include snipping.
OWL-WARE has a liberal warranty policy. During Ihe warran-
ty period, all detective items will be repaired or replaced at our
option at no cost to the buyer except tor shipping costs. Call
our tech number for return. Return ol non-detective or un-
authorized returns are subject to a service charge.
Drives 1 Year Warranty
OWL-WARE
P.O. BOX 116
Mertlown, PA 19539
,10
390
DATA
183,190,31,12,16,142,31
50 DATA 39,5,48,136,32,32,238,57
,12
60 DATA 79,95,167,132,167,1,92,1
400
DATA
134,168,189,28,183,190,
93
31,14
70 DATA 10,39,5,48,136,32,32,242
410
DATA
16,142,31,14,134,210,18
80 DATA 57,189,36,44,57,0,38,4
9,2£
90 DATA 134,1,32,26,129,1,38,4
420
DATA
183,190,31,16,16,142,31
100
DATA
134,2,32,18,129,2,38,4
,16
110
DATA
134,4,32,10,129,3,38,4
430
DATA
134,252,189,28,183,57,1
120
DATA
134,6,32,2,134,8,187,16
40,0
130
DATA
190,31,6,189,27,235,16,
440
DATA
0,3 8,250,124,31,24,177,
190
31
140
DATA
31,8,189,27,235,16,190,
450
DATA
24,3 4,19,190,31,4,175,1
31
64
150
DATA
10,189,27,23 5,16,190,31
4 60
DATA
189,28,79,134,240,177,3
,12
1,24
160
DATA
189,27,235,16,190,31,14
470
DATA
38,227,127,31,24,57,128
,189
,40
170
DATA
27,23 5,16,190,31,16,189
480
DATA
177,31,24,34,216,190,31
,27
,4
180
9
190
DATA
235,57,16,140,0,0,39,24
490
,31
500
DATA
189,27,112,57,79,95,161
DATA
140,0,0,39,244,31,32,18
DATA
38,8,161,137,1,31,38,2
9
510
DATA
19 8,1,57,79,95,161,2,38
200
DATA
28,29,189,28,41,189,28,
520
DATA
8,161,13 7,1,34,38,2,198
29
530
DATA
1,57,79,95,161,136,192,
210
DATA
189,28,41,189,28,29,189
38
,28
540
DATA
7,161,13 6,193,3 8,2,198,
220
DATA
41,189,28,29,189,28,41,
1
189
550
DATA
57,79,95,161,13 7,1,96,3
230
DATA
28,29,189,28,41,189,28,
8
29
560
DATA
8,161,137,1,97,38,2,198
240
DATA
189,28,41,57, 16,191,39,
570
DATA
1,57,190,31,4,79,18 8,31
214
580
DATA
6,38,3,189,29,98,134,1
250
DATA
188,39,214,39,16,49,33,
590
DATA
188,31,8,38,3,189,29,98
57
600
DATA
134,2,188,31,10,38,3,18
2 60
DATA
16,191,39,214,188,39,21
9
4,39
610
DATA
29,98,134,3,188,31,12,3
270
DATA
4,49,168,31,57,253,39,2
8
14
620
DATA
3,189,29,98,134,4,188,3
280
DATA
190,39,214,189,27,112,1
1
90,39
630
DATA
14,3 8,3,189,29,98,134,5
290
DATA
2 14, 189, 27, 137, 18 9, 27, 1
640
DATA
188,31,16,38,14,189,29,
54,189
98
300
DATA
22,68,142,0,0,57,182,30
650
DATA
57,16,142,31,44,49,166,
310
DATA
250,198,20,61,16,142,35
134
,150
660
DATA
5,167,164,57,190,31,4,4
320
DATA
49,171,95,166,160,167,1
8
32,
L66
670
DATA
137,254,128,79,16,190,3
330
DATA
160,167,1,92,19 3,10,39,
1,6
5
680
DATA
188,31,6,39,56,134,1,16
340
DATA
48,136,32,32,238,190,31
690
DATA
190,31,8,188,31,8,3 9,45
,6
700
DATA
134,2,16,190,31,10,188,
3 50
DATA
16,142,31,6,134,42,189,
31
28
710
DATA
10,39,34,134,3,16,190,3
3 60
DATA
183,190,31,8,16,142,31,
1
8
720
DATA
12,188,31,12,39,23,134,
3 70
DATA
134,84,189,28,183,190,3
4
1,10
730
DATA
16,190,31,14,188,31,14,
380
DATA
16,142,31,10,134,126,18
39
9,28
740
DATA
12,13 4,5,16,190,31,16,1
72
THE RAINBOW July 1988
88
9,30
750 DATA
31,16,39,1,57,142,31,44
1070
DATA
64,190,39,214,191,31,1
760 DATA
48,134,16,188,30,251,34
2,190
,6
1080
DATA
31,14,182,31,48,189,30
770 DATA
198,2,231,13 2,32,4,198,
,64
1090
DATA
190,39,214,191,31,14,1
780 DATA
231,13 2,182,39,116,129,
90,31
180,38
1100
DATA
16,182,31,49,189,30,64
790 DATA
1,57,166,132,139,1,167,
,190
132
1110
DATA
39,214,191,31,16,57,0,
800 DATA
57,190,39,214,189,28,22
9,193
1120
DATA
0,0/0,0,0,0,0,0
810 DATA
0,39,14,189,27,137,190,
1130
DATA
255,255,0,0,2,0,0,0
39
1140
DATA
0,0,3,0,3,48,175,2
820 DATA
214,48,31,191,39,214,18
1150
DATA
40,1,40,28,57,129,57,4
9,28
4
830 DATA
79,57,190,39,214,189,28
1160
DATA
37,0,59,58,59,156,49,1
,244
42
840 DATA
193,0,39,14,189,27,137,
1170
DATA
0,53,223,56,117,47,122
190
,47
850 DATA
39, 2 14-, 48, 1,191, 39, 214,
1180
DATA
51,46,245,51,108,53,25
189
1,52
8 60 DATA
28,79,57,190,39,214,189
1190
DATA
177,0,255,255,255,255,
,29
255,240
870 DATA
18,193,0,39,15,189,27,1
1200
DATA
0,13,53,17,67,34,255,2
37
55
880 DATA
190,39,214,48,136,64,19
1210
DATA
255,255,255,255,255,25
1,39
5,255,255
890 DATA
214,189,28,79,57,190,39
1220
DATA
255,255,255,2,1,1,2,0
,214
1230
DATA
2,255,255,255,255,1,0,
900 DATA
189,29,3,193,0,39,15,18
255
9
1240
DATA
255,255,255,255,5,1,25
910 DATA
27,137,190,39,214,48,13
5,84
6,192
1250
DATA
68, 68, 68, 68, 68, 84, 16, 8
920 DATA
191,39,214,189,28,79,57
,140
1260
DATA
16,16,16,16,84,84,68,4
930 DATA
43,224,37,54,191,39,214
1270
DATA
84,64,68,84,84,68,4,84
,129
1280
DATA
4,68,84,68,68,68,84,4
940 DATA
0,38,7,189,29,243,189,3
1290
DATA
4,4,84,68,64,84,4,68
1300
DATA
84,84,68,64,84,68,68,8
950 DATA
3 8,57,12 9,1,3 8,7,189,29
4
960 DATA
218,189,30,38,57,129,2,
1310
DATA
84,68,4,4,4,4,4,84
38
1320
DATA
68, 68,84,68,68,84,84,6
970 DATA
7,189,29,24 3, 189,30,12,
8
57
1330
DATA
68,84,4,68,84,153,102,
980 DATA
129,3,3 8,7,189,29,218,1
153
89
1340
DATA
102,153,102,153,136,13
990 DATA
30,12,57,12 9,5,3 8,3,189
6,136,168
1000 DATA 30,38,57,190,31,6,182,
1350
DATA
136,136,136,168,32,32,
31
32,32
1010 DATA 44,189,30,64,190,39,21
1360
DATA
32,168,168,128,128,138
4,191
,136
136
1020 DATA 31,6,190,31,8,182,31,4
1370
DATA
168,13 6,13 6,13 6,168,13
5
6,136,136
1030 DATA 189,30,64,190,39,214,1
1380
DATA
0,32,32,0,32,32,0,168
91,31
1390
DATA
136,128,168,8,136,168,
1040 DATA 8,190,31,10,182,31,46,
168,:
32
189
1400
DATA
32,32,32,32,32,168,136
1050 DATA 30,64,190,39,214,191,3
,128
1,10
1410
DATA
12 8,128,13 6,168,16,68,
1060 DATA 190,31,12,182,31,47,18
68,84
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 73
1420 DATA
36,136
y
68 , 68 , 68 , 13 6,168 , 13 6, 1
1 yS
V4220 242 1330 45
14 30 DATA
13 6,13 6,84,68,64,80,64
-
t— 1 410 246 1470 144
,68
600 207 1620 234
1440 DATA
84,32,13 6,13 6,13 6,13 6,
790 171 1760 133
136,32
1020 105 END 45
1450 DATA
68
1460 DATA
8,80,68
68,68,68,68,68,16,16,1
13 6,128,168,12 8,13 6,16
1170 148
Listing 4: FOUR
1470 DATA
68 , 80 , 68 , 68 , 68 , 130 , 130
10 REM %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
,136
%%% LASTPART TUT %%%
1480 DATA
160,136,130,130,0,0,12
%%% RUN THEN LOAD &RUN%%%
8,168
%%% COPY PROGRAM %%%
1490 DATA
128,130,170,130,162,16
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
2,138,4
15 FOR X=24922 TO 26405 :READ DT:
1499 REM PART ONE'S MAZE DATA
POKE X,DT:NEXT X
1500 DATA
0,4,4,4,4,4,4,4
20 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1510 DATA
4,4,0,0,0,4,4
30 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1520 DATA
9>
4,3,0,4,4,4,4
40 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1530 DATA
4,0,0,4,4,4,4
50 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1540 DATA
a
4,4,0,0,0,0,4
60 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1550 DATA
%
0,0,0,1,4,4,4
70 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1560 DATA
4
4,0,0,0,0,2,4
80 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
1570 DATA
4
4,4,4,4,4,4,4
90 DATA 0,0,0,0,0,0,62,0
1580 DATA
4
4,4,4,4,4,4,4
100 DATA 0,250,58,0,0,171,42,0
1590 DATA
2,4,4,0,0,2,4
110 DATA 0,163,58,0,0,135,54,0
1600 DATA
P
0,0,0,0,4,4,4
120 DATA 0,147,50,0,0,167,58,0
1610 DATA
4
4,0,1,0,4,4,0
130 DATA 0,171,58,0,0,170,62,0
1620 DATA
9>
4,0,0,0,4,4,4
140 DATA 0,171,0,0,0,160,2 54,170
1630 DATA
9>
4,0,4,0,4,4,4
150 DATA 170,250,70,170,170,164,
1640 DATA
P
0,0,4,0,0,0,4
19,168
1650 DATA
4
4,4,4,4,4,4,4
160 DATA 170,177,71,33,42,180,19
1660 DATA
4
4,4,4,4,4,4,3
,52
1670 DATA
0,0,0,4,0,4,4
170 DATA 74,49,71,49,18,52,19,52
1680 DATA
4
0,1,0,4,0,0,4
180 DATA 71,49,71,33,19,52,255,4
1690 DATA
4
0,4,0,4,0,4,4
2
1700 DATA
0,4,0,2,0,4,0
190 DATA 255,63,0,0,0,0,85,85
1710 DATA
0,4,0,4,0,4,4
200 DATA 87,234,253,87,212,70,25
17 20 DATA
4,4,0,0,0,4,4
5,87
1730 DATA
4
4,4,4,4,4,4,4
210 DATA 245,18,255,223,244,70,2
1740 DATA
4
4,4,4,4,4,4,4
55,255
1750 DATA
4
4,3,0,4,4,4,0
220 DATA 245,19,0,0,52,71,0,0
1760 DATA
4,4,0,4,4,4,4
230 DATA 53,19,0,0,52,71,0,0
1770 DATA
fl,
4,4,0,0,4,4,3
240 DATA 55,255,0,0,52,0,0,0
1780 DATA
P,
0,4,0,4,4,4,4
250 DATA 55,63,0,0,55,52,0,0
1790 DATA
?
0,0,0,0,0,4,4
260 DATA 55,49,0,0,55,52,0,0
1800 DATA
9>
4,4,4,4,0,0,4
270 DATA 55,49,0,0,247,52,247,25
1810 DATA
l
4,4,4,4,4,4,4
5
1820 DATA
4
4,4,4,4,4,4,4
280 DATA 215,49,213,255,215,52,8
1830 DATA
0,0,0,4,0,0,4
5,127
1840 DATA
,4,4,0,4,0,4,3
290 DATA 87,63,85,85,84,0,43,21
1850 DATA
%
0,4,0,2,0,4,4
300 DATA 85,85,33,21,253,87,55,2
1860 DATA
,4,4,0,4,0,4,4
3
1870 DATA
9>
,4,0,0,4,0,4,0
310 DATA 255,87,51,23,255,223,52
1880 DATA
<?>
,4,4,0,0,0,4,4
,23
18 90 DATA
4
,4,4,1,4,4,4,0
320 DATA 255,255,17,20,0,0,52,20
1900 DATA
9>
,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
330 DATA 0,0,49,20,0,0,63,20
1910 DATA
a
rP, 0,0, 0,0, 0,0
340 DATA 0,0,0,20,0,0,254,20
1920 DATA
350 DATA 0,0,70,20,0,0,18,20
360 DATA 0,0,71,20,0,0,19,20
74
THE RAINBOW July 1988
370 DATA 0,0,71,23, 0,0,18,23
380 DATA 247,255,70,21,213,255,2
34,21
390 DATA 85,127,0,21,85,85,43,25
400 DATA 62,191,33,210,52,71,55,
70
410 DATA 49,19,51,18,52,71,52,69
420 DATA 49,19,17,17,20,69,52,69
430 DATA 33,17,49,18,36,70,63,17
i
440 DATA 43,250,0,0,0,0,254,42
450 DATA 191,63,70,49,19,52,18,5
2
460 DATA 71,49,71,17,19,52,19,20
470 DATA 207,49,71,17,55,52,18,3
6
480 DATA 118,49,70,33,210,36,234
,47
490 DATA 254,42,0,0,0,0,2,128
500 DATA 10,160,170,170,255,240,
63,48
510 DATA 63,252,31,255,23,240,87
,224
520 DATA 85,84,21,85,85,85,170,1
70
530 DATA 40,40,40,40,40,40,42,42
540 DATA 44,37,53,224,56,96,48,2
24
550 DATA 58,224,53,223,58,223,48
,223
560 DATA 58,223,46,95,49,142,47,
8
570 DATA 47,2,47,14,52,2,59,156
580 DATA 47,28,54,148,54,130,52,
20
590 DATA 56,117,51,113,48,237,61
,101
600 DATA 61,113,255,255,255,255,
255,255
610 DATA 0,0,63,252,31,244,19,19
6
620 DATA 6,144,8,32,-32,8,32,8
630 DATA 8,32,6/144,0,0,21,4
640 DATA 5,17,1,65,10,161,42,168
650 DATA 170,170,42,168,10,160,1
,64
660 DATA 0,0,2,128,255,255,61,12
4
670 DATA 61,124,182,158,189,126,
63,252
680 DATA 63,252,255,255,4,16,1,6
4
690 DATA 3,192,1,64,5,144,86,165
700 DATA 85,84,21,80,5,64,1,64
710 DATA 42,168,170,170,157,222,
42,168
720 DATA 10,160,255,255,36,24,36
,24
730 DATA 36,24,255,255,160,10,16
8,42
740 DATA
7 50 DATA
760 DATA
770 DATA
780 DATA
790 DATA
93
800 DATA
810 DATA
820 DATA
87,20
830 DATA
840 DATA
,194
850 DATA
8 60 DATA
870 DATA
126,224
8 80 DATA
890 DATA
900 DATA
910 DATA
,255,255
920 DATA
0,38
930 DATA
940 DATA
950 DATA
9 60 DATA
41,104,43,232,9,96,9,96
0,64,0,16,4,64,1,0
5,80,31,244,7,253,1,244
0,80,1,66,5,3,1,65
1,69,0,85,4,16,17,132
67,193,7,208,17,68,67,1
7,208,17,68,66,33,0,0
0,20,0,85,0,117,0,85
21,85,172,213,170,165,1
21,80,5,64,168,21,8,17
40,80,32,64,131,234,171
1,8,5,40,68,32,84,42
2,0,3,40,11,188,11,238
46,17 2,187,188,175,166,
126,192,24,0,0,4,0,18
0,18,1,18,1,42,17,168
18,128,2 6,0,168,0,160,0
2 55,255,2 55,255,255,255
255,255,182,30,250,129,
4,134,1,32,26,129,1,38
4,134,2,32,18,129,2,38
4,134,4,32,10,129,3,38
4,134,6,32,2,134,8,187
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
HORSE SENSE
_^^j/^ HORSE SENSE is a new ap-
"a^"^ proach to Thoroughbred handi-
\*-*^ - capping. After purchasing many
^ handicapping programs and get-
ting few results, we figured there must be a better
way. We believe we have found it! Makes sorting
through the horses easy. We believe it is the best
product on the market. If you tried the rest, now
try the best! Watch for the RAINBOW REVIEW.
Disk or Cassette only $24.95
CoCo 1, 2 and 3
Add $2.00 for CO. D.
Please Specify TAPE OR DISK
(OH Orders Add 5.5% Sales Tax)
To order by mail send $24.95 Check/
M.O./Visa or M.C.#to:
Western Hills Software
6133 GLENWAY AVENUE
CINCINNATI, OH 45211
Phone Orders
(513)662-3999
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 75
970 DATA 30,223,183,30,223,189,2
1290 DATA
45,190,30,255,48,13 6,1
2,238
58,188
980 DATA 57,189,28,244,193,0,38,
1300 DATA
30,251,39,8,48,4,188,3
28
990 DATA .
L89, 29, 3, 193, 0,38, 21, 18
1310 DATA
251,39,1,57,190,30,255
1000
DATA
18,18,18,18,18,18,188,
,189
30
13 20 DATA
27,137,127,31,54,182,3
1010
DATA
251,34,5,134,3,167,164
0,250
,57
13 30 DATA
139,1,187,30,221,183,3
1020
DATA
134,1,167,164,57,189,2
0,221
8,229
13 40 DATA
189,22,238,189,21,224,
1030
DATA
193,0,38,28,189,29,3,1
57,182
93
13 50 DATA
30,250,198,2,61,142,42
1040
DATA
0,38,21,18,18,18,18,18
,34
1050
DATA
18,18,188,30,251,34,5,
13 60 DATA
48,139,16,142,36,14,95
134
,166
1060
DATA
2,167,164,57,134,0,167
13 70 DATA
160,167,132,166,160,16
,164
7,1,92
1070
DATA
57,189,28,244,193,0,3 8
1380 DATA
193,10,39,5,48,136,32,
,28
32
1080
DATA
18 9,29,18,193,0,38,21,
1390 DATA
238,57,182,31,55,129,0
18
,39
1090
DATA
18,18,18,18,18,18,188,
1400 DATA
3 4,190,30,253,48,13 6,1
30
58,188
1100
DATA
251,34,5,134,1,167,164
1410 DATA
30,251,39,8,48,4,188,3
,57
1310
DATA
134,3,167,164,57,189,2
1420 DATA
2 51,3 9,1,57,190,30,253
8,229
,189
1120
DATA
193,0,38,28,189,29,18,
14 30 DATA
27,13 7,127,31,55,189,3
193
7,129
1130
DATA
0,38,21,18,18,18,18,18
1440 DATA
18 9,21, 174,57,18 2,31,5
1140
DATA
18,18,188,30,251,34,5,
5,129
134
1450 DATA
0,38,56,190,31,2,48,13
1150
DATA
2,167,164,57,134,0,167
6
,164
14 60 DATA
95,188,30,251,38,45,18
1160
DATA
57,190,31,6,16,142,31,
2,30
44
1470 DATA
250,76,12 9,5,39,29,18 3
1170
DATA
189,37,37,190,31,8,16,
,30
142
1480 DATA
2 50,18 9,24,112,189,25,
1180
DATA
31,45,189,37,37,190,31
3,189
,10
1490 DATA
27,14,189,27,90,134,24
1190
DATA
16,142,31,46,189,37,37
0,183
,190
1500 DATA
31,24,134,1,183,31,54,
1200
DATA
31,12,16,142,31,47,189
183
,37
1510 DATA
31,55,57,126,17,148,12
1210
DATA
37,190,31,14,16,142,31
7,30
,48
1520 DATA
250,32,222,57,190,30,2
1220
DATA
189,37,37,190,31,16,18
51,95
9,21
1530 DATA
172,164,39,16,48,1,172
1230
DATA
74,18,57,140,43,224,37
,164
,33
1540 DATA
39,10,92,19 3,17,39,42,
1240
DATA
166,164,129,0,38,4,189
48
,36
1550 DATA
136,31,32,236,190,30,2
1250
DATA
91,57,129,1,38,4,189,3
51,189
6
15 60 DATA
27,112, 189,21,24,189,2
1260
DATA
127,57,129,2,38,4,189,
0,80
36
1570 DATA
18 9,25,2 2 8,190,30,248,
1270
DATA
163,57,129,3,38,3,189,
191,30
36
1580 DATA
251,189,38,181,189,27,
1280
DATA
199,57,182,31,54,129,0
90,182
,39
1590 DATA
30,237,74,183,30,237,1
76
THE RAINBOW July 1988
89,24
82,31
160J3
DATA
93,134,24)3,183,31,24,5
1740
DATA
54,129,1,38,19,182,30,
7,57
250
1610
DATA
16,142,31,6,189,38,14,
1750
DATA
19 8,20,61,14 2,3 5,50,48
16
,139
1620
DATA
142,31,8,189,38,14,16,
17 60
DATA
95,16,190,30,255,189,2
142
7,35
1630
DATA
31,10,189,38,14,16,142
1770
DATA
182,31,55,129,1,38,11,
,31
142
1640
DATA
12,189,38,14,16,142,31
1780
DATA
36,14,16,190,30,253,95
,14
,189
1650
DATA
189,38,14,16,142,31,16
1790
DATA
27,3 5,57,142,40,3,13 4,
,189
1
1660
DATA
38,14,57,182,31,44,129
1800
DATA
189,23,148,142,40,4,13
,5
4,16
1670
DATA
39,36,182,31,45,129,5,
1810
DATA
189,2 3,148,142,40,5,13
39
4,17
1680
DATA
29,182,31,46,129,5,39,
1820
DATA
189,23,148,142,4 2,12 3,
22
134,18
1690
DATA
182,31,47,129,5,39,15,
1830
DATA
189,23,148,142,42,124,
182
134,:
L9
1700
DATA
31,48,129,5,39,8,182,3
1840
DATA
189,2 3,148,142,42,12 5,
1
134,20
1710
DATA
49,129,5,39,1,57,134,2
1850
DATA
189,23,148,57,255,255,
55
255,255
1720
DATA
198,20,16,142,0,2,189,
1860
DATA
255,206,11,184,16,206,
23
7,20!
i
1730
DATA
51,57,255,189,24,112,1
1870
DATA
126,15,255,63
/R\
r
ARE YOU TIRED OF BEING TOLD
THAT YOU NEED OS-9 TO RUN A
HARD DISK
ON YOUR COLOR COMPUTER?
WELL, THE SEARCH IS OVER!
ANNOUNCING THE BEST HARD DISK
SYSTEM FOR THE COCO 1, 2 AND 3
THAT FULLY SUPPORTS DISK BASIC
TOP QUALITY COMPONENTS, ALL GOLD
CONTACTS, PROFESSIONAL SOFTWARE
STEP UP TO A LIGHTENING FAST
HARD DISK - CALL NOW!
COMPUTER
SYSTEMS
I W4
| KEN
294 STILLWELL AVE
KENMORE, NY 14217
(716) 876-7538
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 77
i
i
i
i
i
If
U± n daw Ma ster
if
rt Point & Click Uindow System
for the rest of us fff
Fully Compatible with ff.S. Dos
Enhanced Basic , it does not need
nr use OS-9, and you don * t have to
be a Rocket Scientist or a P.H.D.
to use hlindouSi
Buttons/ Icons/
House Functions
u
ErrnnssB
Delete Key
Display Keys
Save Keys
Load Keys
I 01 T 0:
BUTTON
OPEN 255,7
CLOSE 55i2
...5 B
CONFIG BAS 8 B
CHECK BAS B
AUTOEXEC BAS B
CONFIG SV3 1 A
Uindow Master
Finder V1.0
Uritten by Bill Vergona
Copyright Cc> 1388 by Cer-Comp Ltd
Screen Display Fonts
Window Master supports up to 54 different character sizes on
the screen with S different character styles. You can have Bold,
Italic, Underlined, Super-Script, Sub-script or Plain character
styles or any combination of them in any character size. You
can also change the text color and background at any time to get
really colorful displays.
Fully Basic Compatible
Window Master is fully compatible with Enhanced Color
Disk basic with over 50 Commands & functions added to fully
support the Point & Click Window System. Window Master
docs not take any memory away from Basic, so you still have all
the Basic Program memory available.
Hi-Resolution Displays
Window Master uses the fall potential of the Color
Computer 3 display by using the 225 vertical resolution display
modes instead of the 192 or 200 resolution modes like most
other programs. It uses either the 320/16 color mode or the
640/4 color display to give you the best display resolution
possible, and can be switched to either mode at any time.
Pull Down Menus f
Edit fields or
in your Programs j
Window Master Features
Multiple Windows
Window Master supports multiple window displays with up to
a maximum of 31 windows on the screen. Overlapping windows
arc supported, and any window can be made active or brought to
the top of the screen. Windows can be picked up and moved
anywhere on the screen with the mouse. There arc 6 different
Window styles to choose from and the window text, border and
background color is selectable.
Pull Down Menus
Menus are completely programmable with up to 16 menus
available. They can be added or deleted at any time in a
program. Menu items can be enabled, disabled, checked or
cleared easily under program control. Menu selection is
automatically handled by Window Master & all you have to do
is read a function variable to find out which menu was selected.
Buttons, Icons & Edit Fields
Each Window can have up to 128 buttons. Icons or Edit fields
active, if you can fit that many. Buttons, Icons and Edit field
selection is handled automatically by Window Master when the
mouse is clicked on one. All you have to do is read a Dialog
function to find out which Button, Icon, or Edit field was
selected, its very simple.
Mouse & Keyboard Functions
Window Master automatically handles the Mouse pointer
movement, display and button clicks. It will tell you the current
screen coordinate, the local window coordinate, window number
the mouse is in, the number of times the button was pressed,
which window number it was clicked in and more. The
Keyboard is completely buffered, and supports up to 80
programmable Function keys that can contain any kind of
information or command sequences you can imagine. You can
load and save function key sets at any time. So. you can have
special sets of function keys for different tasks. The "Ctrl" key is
supported so that you have a full control code keyboard
available.
UK I IUN5
CLEAR SCREEN
DOTS
BOX
CIRCLE
LINE
QUIT
LOAD
SAVE
16, 1,66, 1,8,3,2,6
iPHICS DEMO
IONS", "CLEAR SCR
* , "CIRCLE", "LINE
OAD", "SAVE"
30 WINDOW OPEN ,44,16,1,80,1,0,
3,2,0, "WINDOW GRAPHICS DEMO"
48 MW=1 : ' MY WINDOW #=1
58 ON MENU GOSUB 540
?0 MENU ON
80 PROTECT 3
80 ON DIALOG GOSUB 630: DIALOG
N
BREAK
OK
RUN
UIHDOII GRAPHICS DEHQ
FOREGROUND —.
C L R ^ m
JhaSlSLtf
ENTER FILE TO SAVE
QAVE FILE
GFXTEST.PIC-.2
Mixed Text & Graphics
Window Master fully supports both Text & Graphics displays
and even has a Graphics Pen that can be used with HLINE,
HCIRCLE, HSET and more. You can change the Pen width &
depth and turn it on or off with simple commands. We also
added Enhanced Graphics Attributes that allow graphics
statements to use And, Or, Xor and Copy modes to display
graphic information. With the Graphics enhancements added
by Window Master, you could write a "COCOMAX" type
program in Basic! In fact we provide a small graphics demo
program written in Basic.
Event Processing
Window Master adds a powerful new programming feature to
Basic that enables you to do "Real Time" Programming in Basic.
It's called Event Trapping, and it allows a program to detect and
respond to certain "events" as they occur. You can trap Dialog
activity, Time passage, Menu Selections, Keyboard activity and
Mouse Activity with simple On Gosub statements, and when the
specified event occurs, program control is automatically routed
to the event handling routine, just like a Basic Gosub. After
servicing the event, the sub-routine executes a Return statement
and the program resumes execution at the statement where the
event occurcd.
Enhanced Editing Features
Window Master adds an enhanced editor to Basic that allows
you to see what you edit. It allows you to insert & delete by
character or word, move left or right a word or character at a
time, move to begin or end of line, toggle automatic insert
on/off or just type over to replace characters. The editor can
also recall the last line entered or edited with a single key stroke.
You can even change the line number in line to copy it to a new
location in the program.
Window Master Applications
Window Master pushs the Color Computer 3 far beyond its
normal capabilities, into the world of a "User Friendly"
operating enviornment. We are already planning several new
programs for use with Window Master. So you don't have to
worry about having to write all your own programs. And don't
forget that many existing Basic and M.L. programs will run
under Window Master with little or no changes. The
Possibilities for Application programs are endless: Spread
Sheets, Word Processing, Communications, Education, Games,
Graphic Design, DeskTop Publishing and on and on.
Hardware Requirements
Window Master requires 512K of memory, at least 1 Disk
Drive, a Hi-Rcs Joystick Interface and a Mouse or Joystick.
Technical Assistance
If you run into difficulty trying to use some of Window
Master's features, we will be happy to assist you in any way
possible. You can write to us at the address below or call us
between 10am and 2pm Pacific Standard Time for a more timely
response. Sorry, no collect calls will be accepted.
Ordering Information
To order WINDOW MASTER by mail, send check or money
order for S69.95. plus S3.00 for shipping & handling to the
address below. To order by VISA, MASTERCARD or COD
call us at (702)-452-0632
(Monday thru Saturday, 8am to 5pm PST)
CER-COMP Ltd.
5566 Ricochet Avenue
Las Vegas, Nevada 89110
(702)-452-0632
FILES
■ if:ll<
^
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lALCHDER V J
May 1S88
New
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- • ** ■ ■-
Save
1
MON
TUE
WED
THU
FRI
SAT
Save
Init
AS. . .
a
3
4
5
6
7*
UUll
3
1
1 1
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1 3
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1 4
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1 3
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Call for availability of 128K version!
the rainbow is a teaching environment and we realize that the
majority of our readers will always be beginners. In our
continuing effort to always keep the new u ser in mind, and in
addition to the many beginner feature articles and programs
published in every issue, "Novices Niche" contains shorter
basic program listings that entertain as well as help the new
user gain expertise in all aspects of the Color Computer:
graphics, music, games, utilities, education, programming, etc.
Cryptologisf s Sidekick
By Donald Kyllo
When I started working on the encrypted message in the
Cryptogram Contest, 1 took out a piece of paper and began
using substitution. Then it occurred to me that I could write
a program that would do this automatically — thus Crypt Aid
was born. Just run the program and type in the coded
message.
Crypt Aid creates a series of blanks, which will be filled in
as you try different letter combinations. It asks you to enter
an encoded letter and then the letter you think the encoded
letter is substituting for. For example, if the encoded message
is MPTYJ NU MPTYJERDY, the program creates this:
— . Then it asks you to "give code letter." You
might start with the first code letter, M. The program would
then ask you to give it a substitute letter — try N. The letter
N would then show up in every occurrence of the letter M:
N N .
If you change your mind about that substitution, you can
try another letter for M. (N is the correct substitution for M,
by the way. This three-word cryptogram is a movie title.)
Continue substituting letters until you decode the message.
You'll find that solving a cryptogram on computer is a lot
easier than solving one on paper.
The listing: CRYPTFIID
lj3 CLEAR1W
2j3 C$=" ! "+CHR$ (34) +»#$%&• ()*+,-
./0123456789: ;<=>?@»+STRING$ (26,
ii -in
30 PRINT"TYPE IN CODED MESSAGE"
40 LINEINPUTB$
50 CLS:PRINTB$
60 F0RI=1T0LEN(B$)
70 PRINTMID$(C$,ASC(MID$(B$,I,1)
)-3i,i);
80 NEXT
90 PRINT
100 INPUT"GIVE CODE LETTER" ,-Cl$
110 INPUT "GIVE REPLACEMENT LETTE
R";C2$
120 MID$(C$,ASC(C1$)-31,1)=C2$
130 GOTO50
Novices Niche Addendum
Cryptogram Contest Results
The solution to the cryptogram contest that appeared
in the April '88 issue is as follows:
Follow THE RAINBOW to a CoCo "pot of gold." THE
RAINBOW is the only magazine just for your Tandy CoCo
1,2 and 3 and will meet your computing needs for business
and pleasure. Be sure to tune in next month for our printe
issue.
"
The notice read, 'in case of a tie, we will hold a
drawing." What an understatement! We had a 585-way tie.
Any Trekkie will know what we mean when we say we had
"Tribble" trouble. The responses never stopped multiply-
ing!
Lonnie Falk did the honors of wading into the sea of
entries and netting the winner -- and that winner is
Richard Osborne of Nickelsville, Virginia. Congratula-
tions, Richard, on winning The Third Rainbow Book of
Adventures and its companion disk! The rest of you
entrants take heart — more contests (more difficult ones,
too) arc coming your way. We wish we could give every
successful cryptologist a copy of the Adventures book, but
we can't, so were offering the consolation of seeing your
name in print (as promised in the May issue, before we
knew we'd get 585 entries -- but, hey, we keep our
promises!):
BettJ Ahrcchl. Fllorec. SC: Jon Adnmowic/. Paramus. NJ; Hilt Adams. Pasadena, I X. Robert
Adams. West Lawn. PA; Ellen Aftamonow. Milford. CT; Rosclyn Agf»to. Los Angeles, CA;
M. AllastOn, Tracy, Quebec; Leon Albin. Glen Echo. Ml); Warren Albright, Grand Rapids. Ml;
Frank Allen. Arkadelphia. AR; Robhie Allen, Charlcsiown. NH; Tommy Allen. Jr.. Anderson.
SC: Jcffrej Allmoml. PocatCllo, ID; Kathleen Alston. Madera. CA; John Anderson. Baton
Rouge. I.A;Sandi Arhart, Mason City. I A; Heart Arnntl. Uvalde. TX: Mike Arvun, Youngsiown.
OH; Bryan Ayrta, Baldwin, Ml; Sol Asar, M. Massapequa, NY; Tom Hair. Boring. OR; Eugene
Haker. Grcston. B.C.; Jeff Baker. Prudcnviile. MI; Frank Baldwin. Jr.. Drcxcl Hill. I'A; Tom
Balcno. Bolion, MA; Gilbert Burr. Austin. I \. John Harilcii. Penacook. Ml; Donna Ban Icy,
CcrrilOS, CA; Margaret Bartiey. Clifton Park. NJ; William Batten. Pittsburg. KS; Keith Bauer.
Menominee. Ml; Rnhcri Beastey, Ft. l.upion, CO; Clem Bcdard. Victoria. DC; Gary Bee Icy,
Tucker. GA. Darrct Bebrmann, Napoleon, OH; Robert Benson. Niccvillc, FT.; Chris Bergerson.
Gel/ville. NY; Steven Herman. Encino. CA; Ray Rerney, Okanogan, WA. Karl Beyer,
Marengo. II.; Conrad Billcr. Louisville. KY; Paul Bisnctt. Sackcis Harbor, NY; Ivan Blackwcll;
I'.B. Blackwcll, Decatur, II.; Edward Blend. Jr.. Viclorvtllc. CA; Martin Boiscn. Carpcnlerwille.
II ; David Boniio. Masbpcc. MA; Tony Boring. Armagh. PA; Gaetan Bosse. Montreal. Quebec;
Eric Bower. Ossian. IN; Greg Boyko, Bnnning, CA; Waller Bowman. Radcbll. KY; Mark Boyt,
Warner Robins. GA; Pat Brands. Chatsworth. CA; Richard Brcsnaban, Leominster, MA; Errol
Hristcr. Philadelphia. PA, Alfred Brown. Racine. Wl; Charles Brown. Columbus. NM; Philip
Brown. San Rafael, CA; James Bruce. Ackcrman, MS; Robert Brubl. Oak Park. II; Malta
Bryson, Woodstock. G A; Jason Bucata. Ferndalc. Ml; Christopher Buchanan. Maroa. II.; Harry
Buchanan. Maroa, IL; I racy Buchanan. Maroa. I L; John Bullard. Madison. FL; Carl Burgess.
80
THERAfNBOW July 1988
Washington. D.C.; Ron and Nancy Urn-gin; William Bushby,
Hcrshey. PA; Kenneth Byram. Ft Knox. KY;ChristiCadek,
Inglcsidc, II.; Adam Caldwell, Middlcficld, OH; Gloria
Camarda. Mamaroneck. NY; Jerome Camarda. Mamaro-
neck. NY; Don Campbell, Belion. SC; Lawrence Carhoni,
Floral Park, NY; Lou Cass. Scbring. FL; Randy Casscl.
Middlctown. PA; Glenn Chagnot, Tolland. CT; Wel'lie Chao,
Tampa. FL; Lee Chapel. Springfield. IL; Brian Chase. North
Fi. Lauderdale. FL; Robin M. Cheeseman. Middlciown. DE;
John Clcmons. Bland. VA; Bill Cleveland. Hamlet. NC; C.C
Coffey, Guiltier. MS; Piiul Cole. Lynn. MA; Barbara Collins.
Moorcsiown. NJ; David Compton. Sufficld. CT; Aland
Coons, Roscburg, OR; Norman Coots. Wabash. IN; Robert
Corbctt. Schuyler Falls. NY; Paul Cords. Cairo. NY; Lee
Crandell. Duarlc. CA; Dan Crosby. Eagle. ID; William
Cross. Warren. OH; Worthy Cumberland. Philadelphia. PA;
Arthur Cuminings. Alhol. MA; Vail Cummings. Beach wood.
OH; Ted Curtis. E. Holden. ME: Chris Cuthill. Tork. Ont.;
Anthony Czapraeki. Glen Lyon. PA. H. A. Dailey. Columbus.
OH: Charles Dale. Lancaster. PA; Lois Daly. Madison. FL;
Thomas Daly, Waukcgan. IL; Don Davidson, Barberion.
OH; Norman Davie*. Hcndcrsonvillc. NC: Joe Davignon. N.
Augusta. SC: Billy Davis. O'Fallon. IL; Tim Davis, Schaum-
hurg. IL; Darren Day. Whiicsburg. KY; Adolph Dcgaeiano.
Ft. Lauderdale. FL; Andy DcPue, Climax, Ml; Lcc Dcucll.
Shell Rock. IA; Joel Dc Young, Manson. Manitoba; Bruce
Dinger, St Paul. MN'.Jill Dingess. Chapmanvillc. WV; Brent
Dingle, Norwalk. IA; Jim Dittom. Thermal. CA: Jack
Dohiashi, Dallas. OR; Leslie Donaldson. Poplarville. MS:
O.L. Douihiti, Mincola. IX; Louis Draucker, Jr.. Seaford.
DE; Richard Doxtatcr. Warner Robins. GA; Chris Dunham.
Portsmouth, Oil; William Dwyer. Salisbury. NB; Jeremy
Echols. Tucson, AZ: Eugene Eck. Jr.. South Williamspon,
PA; John Eckcrtson III. APO NY; Kevin Efram. Ramsey.
MN; Donald Eiscnbarth. Corbin. KY; Peter Ellis. Evanston.
IL; Tim Ellsworth. Bramalea. Ont.: Robert Emmelt. Si.
Catharines. Ont.: Michael Emory. Campobcllo. SC: Roger
Emory. Groton. CT; Vivian Ernsbcrger. New Bern, NC; Jo
Ernst.' APO NY; Jamie Estill. Augusta. KY; Tom Evans.
McKces Rocks. PA; Dean Faddcn. N. Vernon. IN; Steve
Fahy. North Haven. CT: Steve Farwell. Giddings. TX: R.
Fasicrshank. Manitoba; Gene Fillius. Gulfport. MS; Fred
Findlcy. Orlando. FL; Steve Flock, Spokane. WA: Bill Flo
crs. WeJierville, OH, Peggy Flowers. Wcsterville. OH; Shane
Foret. Lockport. LA; Herb Forger. Norwalk, CT; Jim
Forsler. Medina. OH: Joe Forstcr, Howard. OH; Lewis
Fortwanglcr. ConnclTsville, PA; Sian Fox. Daniclson, CT; Bill
T.J. Fraley. Frccport. TX; Franken. San Bernardino. CA;
Ernie French-Holt. Benton. KY; Ivan Freyman. Brooklyn,
NY; Burton Fry, Floral City. FL; Rita Gabriel, Mansfield.
OH; Chris Gallagher. Chino. CA: Gerald Galland. Sea. WA:
Nclinda Garbacki. Spring Hill, FL; Harold Garicn. Jr.. Ml.
Holly. NJ; Richard Gcib. Fremont. CA; Alvin Gcllcrt.
Chalfom. PA; Mike Gcmsa, Kamlnops. BC: A.F Gibson,
Vinton. OH; Frank Gibson. Hampton. NB; Gary Giles.
Virginia Beach. VA; Scoilic Gilliam. Tracy. CA; Tim
Gilliland. Hixson. TN; Greg Gingcrich. Lyndhurst. VA; Joel
Gluer, Spalding, NE: Robert Glass. Vinton. VA; Virgie Gocn.
Mcdora. IN; Calvin Goodwin. Thomaston, CT; George
Grabel. New London. CT; Herbert Greenberg. N. Miami, FL;
Bobby Greene, Jr.. Lenoir. NC; Frederick Greene. Rogers
City. Ml; Kay Greenwood. Crystal Springs. MS; Alice
Griffin. Cordclc. GA; John Grubb. Gallipolis. OH: Lcroy
Gusc. Greenlcaf, Wl; John Gro/. Pcabody. MA; Truman
Gustafson. Tcrryvillc. CT; Tom Guyctic. Manchester. NH:
Alex Hnhn. Montclair. NJ: David Hall, Jacksonville. FL:
Greg Hall, Columbus. NE; Jcffcry Hall, Newport. ME;
Stephen Hallin. Biloxi, MS; Larry Harris. Flcmington. NJ;
Robert Hart, Boynton. FL; Aaron Hart/lcr. Brent Hcalon.
Anderson. SC; Thomas Hensel. Glastonbury. CT; Dale
Herbert. Camrose. AB; B.J. Hclloms; Scott Henderson.
Jacksonville. FL; Sam Hcrrin. Bccbc. AR; Andrew Hildrcth;
Bryan Hill. Crawfordsvillc. IN; Daniel Hill. Seven Springs.
NC; Edward Hill, Hraniford. Onl.: Jim Hillwig. Hereford.
TX; Ron Hinton, Easi Liverpool. OH; Myron Hobizel.
Weimar, TX; Jon Hnbson. Plainfield. Wl: Jacob Hockstra.
Drayton, Ont.; David Hollar, Kingfisher. OK; Scott Hop-
man. Houston. TX; Gary Hough. Stephens City. VA: Beatrice
Hmii. Ashland, OH; Doug Hoyt. Stockton. CA: Jim Hrubik.
Norton. OH; Dale Hubbard, Lynn. MA; Wayne Hufford.
Kincardine. Ont.; Charles Hulcn, Lawrenccburg. TN; Levi
Hum. Baltimore. MI); Malcolm Inglis, Ottawa. Oni.; John
Ivory. Scarborough, Ont.; Steven Jacobowiu. Bronx. NY;
Louise James. Chattanooga, IN; James Jones. Fort <\nn. NY;
A.L. Johnson. Clearwater, FL; Don Johnson. Florissant.
MO: Neil Johnson. Wulnul Creek. CA; Roberta Johnson.
Clover. SC; William Johnson. Petersburg. VA; Patrick Jolly,
Carson City. NV; Kathy Jones, Pittspond, Ml; David Joseph;
Veda Jurv. Greenville. SC; Joe Justman. Holbraok, AZ;
Daniel Kaminsky, San Francisco. CA; Derrick Kardos.
Colonia, NJ; Susan Karncsky. Richland. WA; Timothy
Kaylor, Cape Canaveral, FL; Pclcr Ka/mir. Plaqucminc. LA;
James Kelly. Woodbury, NJ; Daniel Kennedy. S. Burlington.
V'T; Robert Kcpp. Littleton. CO; Johnic Kilgore. Lynchburg.
VA; Bill Kimbler. Ironlon. MN; Clark King. Tulsa. OK:
Thomas Kokourck. Emerson. GA; Mark Koctlcr. Logan
Lake, BC; Wayne Kopkc. Glcndale lleighis. IL; Rory
Kosiman, llcrshey, NE; William Knight. Irma, SC; Roy
Kntill. Lion. IL; Terry Krcizl. Largo. FL; Clay Kunz.
Colorado Springs. CO; Donald Kyllo, College Pluce. WA;
Frank Lamondic. Groton. NY; Josh Laugley. McLean, IL;
Curt l.awson, Chattanooga. TN; Jeff Lawrence. Cambridge.
Ont.; Thomas Lawrence, Middlesex. NJ: Andrew Lcary. N.
Stoningion, CT; Denise LeBlanc. Grandc-Diguc, NB; Dave
Ledson. North Bay. Onl.; Rick Lee. Bangor. ME; Dale
Letstico and family. Lompoc. CA: Austin Leo. SLillman. NJ;
Judy Leo. Skillman. NJ; Marius I.cmirc. Montreal-Nord,
Quebec; Barbara Lethbridgc. Cartwright. NFD; Bernie
Lickteig. Milford. CT: Jeffrey Lindcr. Lake Carmcr. NY:
Timothy I.indow. » ocou. FL; Kimberly Lindquisi. Eugene.
OR; Ivan Litl. Woodstock. Ont.. Clyde Lloyd. Springfield.
MO: Larry Lloyd. Jamestown. CA; Gregory Long. Walnut
Creek. CA; Randy Longshore, Chesterfield. MO; Carslen
Losse, Jersey City, NJ; John H. Lowry. Jr.; Jeff Lucas; Mike
Lynes, Eglin AFB. FL; David MacGarvia. Blairmore. AB;
Wm. I.C. Maine. Blind River, Ont.; Brian Mangin; Robert
Manning. Phoenix. AZ; William Manning. Tracy, Quebec;
Maurice Marion. Delia, B.C.; Stephen Marlow. San Marcos.
TX; Marco Marrcro. Arroyo. PR; Kevin Marsh; John
Marshall, Williis. CA: Laura Marshall. Surrey. BC; Shuman
Martin. Chester. IL; Herbert Masch, Melbourne. FL; Juson
Maiheny. Louisville. KY; Roger Maxwell. Kilgore. TX;
Wilner Maxwell. Carlisle. PA; Tom McArthur. Iiiidciihuist.
NY; Mike McCanncy. Camden. NY; Shawn McCarthy,
Burke. VA; Eric McCTarcn. Linclon Park. Ml; Theresa
McCollor. Alloona. PA: Robert McCoy III. F.lkton. VA;
James McDonald, Rosellc Park. NJ; Colin McKay. Glouces-
ter. Ont.: Robert McKcan. Panama. NY; John McMasicrs.
Jackson. MO; A.J. McNabb. Orange. TX; M.S. McPhcrson.
Dallas. TX; Ronald McQueen. Decatur. IL; Pal McWhinney.
Key Lnrgo, FL; Billic McWilliatm. Falling Water. WV; Waller
Medak. Edmonton. AB; Jason Mcdd. Hr. Breton. NF:
George Mcissncr. Lslip. NY; Frederick Merrin. Gihsonia. PA;
David Mevcr. Wyoming. MI; Laura Michaels. Arlinglon,
TX; Esiher Millard. Camden. NC; Merle Miller. Albu-
querque. NM; Richard Miller. Knox, IN; Louis Mills.
Snmerville. NJ; Harvey Minncr. Wilmington. DE; Boh
Mischler. Glcndale Heights. IL; Rcnila Mischlcr, Addison.
II. Mall Moaks; James Moccia. Bosion. MA; Jason Monds,
Cantonment, FL; Thomas Montgomery. Portsmouth. VA;
D.E. Moore. Mustang, OK; R.W. Morris. I.eura, Australia;
David Morrison, Brewer, ME; Brcnda Moselcy. Sanlord.
ME: Dorcas Moscley. Winter Park. FL; Billy Moss. Hyde
Park. MA: Thomas Molt. Poway, CA; Charles Muisencr.
Ncwingion, CT; John Musumcci. Ozone Park. NY; Sue
Myers. Eluiliurst, IL; Paul Myles. Coraopolis. PA; Raymond
Naqutn, Marrcro. LA; Joseph Narsh, Jr.. Si. Louis County,
MS; Jon Nedelga. New Hartford. CT; Andre Needham,
Renion. WA; C.W. Needham. Sherman. TX: Tina Ncff,
Willow Slreci, PA; Cliff Nelson. St. Charles. MO; Kent
Nelson. Clifton. CO; John Ncuhaus. Pueblo. CO; Chris-
topher Newby. Lexington. IL; Louis Nickcns. Brooklyn. NY;
Terry Nicoulin, Naples. FL; Charles Nolan. Van Burcn. AR;
W.C. Nottingham. Englcwood. EL; James Novak. Chicago.
IL; Chris Nuwcr. Lockport, NY; Scott Oaks. Old Town. ME;
Scan Ohcrer, Huher Heights. OH: Eddie Offerman, Orlando.
FL; Dale Olschowka. Hollisicr. CA; Hank Olsen. Nonh-
glcun. CO; Henry Oraschuk. Willowdale. Ont.; Pam Osmun.
Osseo. Ml; Ken Osirer. Vancouver. WA; Barbara Ower.
Pasadena, CA; Neil Edward Parks, Bcachwood. OH: Mike
Partridge. Comstock Park. Ml; Breli Patrick, Shallotlc. NC;
Leslie Patrick. Junction City. KS;Jim Perkins. Curran, Ont.;
Wesley Perkins. Austin. TX; Alan Peterson, Brooklyn Park,
MN; Pamela Peterson. Adamsiown Heights, Australia; Ora
Peiiit. Wilson. N>: Troy Phelps. Baraboo. Wl. Dale Phillips.
Schroon Lake. NY; Dean Phillips. Jr.. Richmond. VA;
Matthew Picehoia. Green Bay. Wl: Charles Pie/. Perryshurg.
OH; Ralph Pike. Kalamazoo. Ml; Rodger Pi lie, Cincinnati,
OH: Penny Pillcnger. Long Beach, CA; Lany Piilmau,
Fcnion. Ml; Dennis I'offenbcrger. Ames. IA; Suzanne
IViner. l.achinc. Quebec; Ed Porlcr. Cherry Hill. NJ; Shawn
Porter. Cnrgill. Ont.; James Posporelis. Troy. NY; Mill
Foulos. Bound Brook. NJ; Edunrdo Prado. Jr.. Sao Pliulo,
Brazil; Kathy Pucketi. Eva. AL; Waller Pullen, Kent. WA;
Don Quails. Scaitlc, WA; Rod Quibcll. Pelfcrlaw, Onl.; Tony
Radcniaker. Burlington. Ont.; Doug Raggeii. Galveston. TX;
Anthony Rapson. Tulsa. OK; Jeanne Rayner, Lord. WA; Eh
Rarcy. Santa Rosa. CA; Gary Rccs. Jackson. Ml: Sieve
Reeves. Phoenix. AZ; Richard Reid. Boucherville. Quebec;
Mark Reiter. Cincinnati. OH; lorn Remakel. Duhuquc. IA;
Jeff Remick. Warren. Ml; Ian Rcnauld. Rasinieic. Quehec;
Brandon Rhodes. Andoher. MA; Thomas Riley. Johnson-
ville. NY; Richard Robert, lie Pcrroi. Quebec; Ronald
Roberis. Brandon. Wl; Andrew Robinson. Pleasant Mount,
PA: Larry Robinson. Bloomington. IN; Richard Robinson.
Colorado Springs. CO; James Rogers. Potomac. MD; Ken
Rogers, Leamington. Ont.; Linda Rodman. Anchorage. AK:
Marjoric Rose. Johnson Cily. TN; David Ross. Aurora. IL;
Stan Ross. Alma. AR; Raul Rossy, Bogucron. PR; Rcina
Roy. Carlcion. Quebec; Sheila Royal. Shelbyville. IN;
Chinarui Ruangchotvii, Ramsey. NJ; Jean Rud. Bluemoni.
VA; Kathy Rumpel. Arcadia. WL BJ Russcl. London. KY;
James Ruth, Newurd. NH: Jerry Ryan. Little Rock. AR:
Nicole Sauriol. Laval. Quebec; H.J. Schimmellcnnig. West
Vancouver. BC; Rich Schmiiz. Sioux City. IA; Fred Schubert.
Cairo, IL: John Schulz. Merrill Island. FL: David Schwur-
zen. Fcsius. MO; Joseph Santa. Jr.. Touawauda. NY; Merrill
Scott. Bcthany.OK: Ron Scon; Robert Seahndge. Reno. NV;
Ivan Sealey. Nassau. Bahamas; Anthony Sears. Spartanburg.
SC; Emory Sccosky. Gbg.. PA; Chris Serino. Columbia. MO;
Richard Seyfricd. Salem. NH; John Shannon. Albion. NJ;
Tom Shaull. Littleton, CO; Mike Shay. Lebunon. PA;
Margaret Shtvcly. Wcsterville. OH; Bernice Shoohs. Clifion.
NJ; II. P. Sinncti. Roscburg. OR: Mike Sipes. Escondido.
CA; Tony Skraba. McKces Rocks. PA; Colin Smcrk.
Lakewood. OH; Albert Smith, Durham. NC: Colin Smith.
Ada, OK; Heather Smith. Queensland. Australia: Kirby
Smith, York. PA: Michael Smith. LaMarquc. TX; Roger
Smith, Pcabody, MA; Diane Snider. Wesierville. OH; Queen
Snider. Cambridge. OH: Allen Snook. Oxon Hill. MD; Don
Soehngen. Florissant, MO; Allen Solid. Monlcvidco. MN;
Jeff Stall. Napcrville. IL: Willis Stanley. Bowie. MD; Terry
Slecn. Langley AFB. VA; Rohcrt Sleeves. Toronto. Ont.;
Terry Sleffen. Eosioria. OH: Bree Stegnian, Orleans. Ont.;
Vickie Stcpp. Hubcr Heights. OH; Harry Stern. Miami. FL.
Bruce Stevens. Rochester. NH; David Stewart, Kent. OH;
Ercd Stewart. Camdenton. MO; Brian Slicwing. Wcsi Haven.
CT; Curt Stout, Sumner. VA; Ken Stranger. Cocur d'Alene.
ID; Werner Streidt. Bonn. West Germany; Scon Siuart.
Walnut Creek. CA; Brenda Stump, l.aurcldalc. PA; Aaron
Sumner, Godfrey, IL; Ray Sumrall. West Monroe. CA; Lloyd
Svcdersky. Port Lavaca, TX: Bob Swaden; Johnni Swaim,
Imperial. CA; Wally Swaim. Ottawa, Onl.; Russell Sweet.
Blue Ridge. GA; John Tansy. New Market. AL; Adam Talc.
Baton Rnugc. LA; Jack Taylor. Palm Bay. FL; Phil Taylor.
Corbin. KY; Richard Taylor. Toms River. NJ; Stephen Terry,
Chapel Hill. NC; Richard Tcsirakc. Eric. PA; Eric Thompson.
Cape Girardeau, MO: William Thompson. Woodbridgc. VA;
Robert Thorpe. Cedar Rapids, IA; Donald I idd. Vallcjo. CA;
Rila Tidwell. Granbury. TX: Ben Tiller. Irois-Rivicrcs,
Quebec; John I indall. Pluinsboro. NJ; Phillip Ikachuk.
Edmonton. AB; Chris Trotict. Eseonaba. Ml; Michael
Toepke. Oak Harbor. WA; Dorothy Topping. Okeechobee.
FL; Bill Torrcnce. O'Fallon. MO; Donald Turowski. Natrona
Heights. PA; Spencer Twyman. Ml Clemens, Ml: John
Valentine. Marlborough. CT; Wally Vance. Meridian. MA;
H.D. Vaughn. Virginia Beach. VA: W.E. Veenschoien.
Birmingham, AL; Donald Villiard. Starkville, MS; Greg
Vincent, Orillia. Onl.; Michael Vogi. Hayes. VA; Kyle von
Talgc. Si. Louis, MO; J.R. Waggoner. Slungari. AR; Beth
Walker. Flint. TX; Mathys Watma. Paisley, Ont.; John
Wanless. Ridgcway. Ont.; James Ward. Canion. OH; Ann
Warfcl. Chcsilhurst. NJ; Nancy Washer. Midwest City. OK;
Daniel Weaver. Amsterdam, NY; Jeremiah Weeks, College-
dale. IN; Bruce Wchncr. Portsmouth. NH; Ken Wciland.
North Plainfield. NJ; Max Weinsiein. Flemington. NJ; Bruce
Wells. Madison. Wl; Robcri Wells. Meriden. CT; Terrcncc
Werth. Victoria. KS: Paul Whcclock. Mingo. IA; K. White-
sell. Waterloo. IA; Duune Whitlock. North East, MD: John
and Reed Wicdowcr. Wiiichcsier. VA; Joseph Wicmcrs,
As he v tile, NC: Roger Wilkins. Sexsmilh. AB; Barbara
Williams. Sway/ee. IN; Barry William. Tallahassee. EL; Brian
Wjllwerih. Hingham. MA; Geoffrey Wilson. Iroquois. Ont.;
Ncdra Wilson. Rifle. CO; Chuck Wiligcn; Gerald Winans.
Matamoras. PA: Darnell Windham. Flint. Ml; Richard
Winkelhauer. Bronx. NY; Mall Winrighi. Eaion Rapids, Ml;
Fred Wise. Clurion. PA: Scoil Wisely. Benton. AK; Dave
Wiswell. Victoria. BC; George Wiirukc. Olean. NY: Paul
Wolf. Hanover. PA; Edward Wolfe. Ridgewood. K Y; I homas
Wong. Red Deer. AB; P.W. Wood. Laval. Quebec: Mark
Woods, Batavia, IL; Colleen Woodward. Noun Cape May,
NJ; Mark Wooldrage. Milwaukee. Wl; Don Wy/anowski.
Mineral Springs. NC; Raymond Wynn. I.cola, PA: Curtis
Young. Ashland. OH; Harold Yosi. Garden Grove. CA; Dan
Yowcll. Lincoln, NE; Daniel Zacharias, Lehighion. PA;
Martha Zeblcy. Uniomown. I'A; Dchorah /ciilcr. Bridge-
port. Ml.
July 198B THE RAINBOW 81
Gta#<*
Here Eagles Dare
By Steve Caldwell
16K
ECB
Display your patriotism with this short program, which
draws an American eagle on the PC10DE 4 screen. From Steve
Caldwell. Slonewell Ent.. P.O. Box9357. Canton. OH 44711.
The listing: EAGLE
10 PMODE4 , 1 : SCREEN1 , 1 :
20 CIRCLE (128, 96) ,7,2,
CIRCLE (128 ,96) ,3,2,1, .
RCLE(128,96) ,6,2,1, .98
E(128,88) ,16,2, .5, .15,
128,97) ,2, 2: CIRCLE (114
5 , . 55 , . 80 : CIRCLE (142,9
.50, .85
30 CIRCLE (170, 112) ,38,
05: CIRCLE (19 6, 120) ,10,
99 '.CIRCLE (17 6, 120) ,30,
87 : LINE ( 169 , 109 ) - ( 13 2 ,
T: CIRCLE (17 2, 108) ,30,2
40 CIRCLE (172, 94) ,8,2,
CIRCLE (158, 94) ,8,2,1, .
CLE(160,96) ,3,2:PAINT(
PCLS(l)
1, .95, .55:
999, .50:CI
, .53:CIRCL
. 40 : PAINT (
,96) ,6,2, .
3), 4, 2, .8,
Z. i • / ,- . / -J I o
2,1, .75, .9
2, .4, .70,.
113) ,PRESE
,.4, .07, .3
1, .50, .83:
99,.25:CIR
160, 96), 2,
50 CIRCLE (14 6, 105) ,40,2, .7, .78, .
87: CIRCLE (142, 78) , 10 , 2 , . 77 , . 70 , .
0: CIRCLE (13 6, 86) , 10, 2 , . 77 , . 70 , .0
60 LINE(138, 72)-(120, 72) , PRESET:
CIRCLE (120, 80) , 10 , 2 , . 9 , . 65 , . 75 :C
IRCLE ( 180 , 140 ) , 180 , 2 , . 4 , . 60 , . 70
70 FORX=163T013 6STEP-3:LINE(X,12
0)-(X-3,123) , PRESET: NEXT :X=130:F
ORY=123TO170STEP3:LINE(X,Y)-(X,Y
+4 ) , PRESET : X=X-3 : NEXT
80 X=158:FORY=101TO111STEP1.1:LI
NE(X,Y)-(X-l,Y+2) , PRESET :X=X-3:N
EXT
200 GOTO200
uifo*
ML Addresses
By Bill Bernico
16K
Disk
This program scans a disk directory for ML Dies and lists
only these files and their start, end and EXEC addresses. The
program is self-explanatory and will work on a CoCo 2 or
CoCo 3 in 32, 40 or 80 columns.
The listing: SCRNL I ST
1 CLEAR1500:DIMZ(68) :H$="#####":
CLS: PRINT "INSERT DISK AND HIT AN
Y KEY FOR START, END & EXEC ADD
RESSES OF BINARY FILES" :EXEC445
39:CLS:PRINT"FILENAME/EXT START
END EXEC" : PRINT : DSKI $0,17, 2,
A$,B$
2 G$=LEFT$(A$,68) :FORI=1T068:Z(I
-1)=ASC(MID$(G$,I,1) ) :NEXTI:FORX
=3T011 : DSKI$0 , 17 , X, AA$ , BB$ : AA$=A
A$+LEFT$ ( BB$ , 120 ) : FORN=0TO7 : F$=M
ID$(AA$,N*32+1,8) :E$=MID$ (AA$ ,N*
32+9,3) :Z=ASC(MID$(AA$,N*32+14,1
)) :Y=Z:C$=MID$(AA$,N*32+12,1) : D$
=MID$ (AA$ , N*32+13 , 1)
3 IFLEFT$(F$,1)=CHR$(0)THEN9
4 IFLEFT$(F$,1)=CHR$(255)THEN10
5 W=ASC(D$)AND 1:F0RI=1T068
6 IFZ(Z)<128THENZ=Z(Z) :NEXTI
7 GOTO 11
8 IFASC(C$)=2THENPRINTF$;"/BIN
" ; : PRINTUSINGH$ ; V; : PRINT" , " ; : PRI
NTUSINGH$ ;U ; : PRINT" , " ; : PRINTUSIN
GH$;T
9 NEXTN,X
10 PRINT: END
11 LG=Z(Z):S=LG AND 31:R=Z:Q=ASC
(MID$(AA$,N*32+16,1) )
12 IFY<3 4THENP=INT(Y/2)ELSEP=INT
(Y/2)+l
82
THE RAINBOW
July 1988
13 M=1+(Y AND 1)*9:DSKI$0,P,M,A$
,B$:V=ASC(MID$(A$,4,1) )*256+ASC(
MID$(A$,5,1))
14 U=V+ASC(MID$(A$,2,1))*256+ASC
(MID$(A$,3,1))-1
15 IFR<34THENP=INT(R/2)ELSEP=INT
(R/2)+l
16 M=(R AND 1)*9+S:DSKI$0,P,M,A$
,B$:A$=A$+LEFT$(B$,127) :T=ASC(MI
D$ (A$ , Q-l , 1 ) ) *256+ASC (MID$ ( A$ , Q ,
1) ) :G0T08
CoCo3
CoCo 3 Green Screen Blues
By Charles F.Phillips
Picture this: After months of anticipation I finally bought
a CoCo 3, connected it to my green screen monochrome
monitor (1 couldn't yet justify the price of aCM-8 to my wife),
powered up and saw ... a screen full of garbage! To those
of you who use a color monitor adapter with your CoCo 2,
this would be no surprise. To those of us who use a
monochrome adapter, this is a near-fatal shock!
To make life with CoCo 3 and a monochrome monitor
more bearable, I borrowed some hints and pokes from THF
RAINBOW and wrote this menu-driven program. Mono3 kills
the color burst and sets the PALETTEs to a white foreground
with black background.
The menu gives you seven options, allowing you to set your
screen to black on green or green on black in 32, 40 or 80
columns. Lines 40 through 1 10 provide the menu; lines 120
through 190 arc a keyboard input routine. Lines 230 through
280 set the width, kill the color burst, set the PRLETTEs and
go to the main menu so that you can try out all the options.
Option 7, End Program, clears the menu from the screen and
wipes the memory to prevent interference with the next
program. Just break out of the program if you want to leave
the settings in effect.
If the 80-column, green on black option looks strange, try
increasing the brightness a bit. If you have an amber monitor,
simply edit lines 50 through 100, swapping the word amber
for green.
The listing: M0N03
5 ' MONOCHROME COC03
10 ' BY CHARLES F. PHILLIPS
15 ' 11 GASTON PLACE
20 ■ HAVELOCK, N.C. 28532
25 ■
30 WIDTH3 2:POKE&HE03 3,16:PALETTE
12,63: PALETTE13 , : CLS
40 PRINT: PRINT" SELECT A STYLE
OF DISPLAY"
50 PRINT: PRINT" 1. 32 COLUMNS, GR
EEN ON BLACK"
60 PRINT" 2. 3 2 COLUMNS, BLACK ON
GREEN"
70 PRINT" 3. 40 COLUMNS, GREEN ON
BLACK"
80 PRINT"4. 40 COLUMNS, BLACK ON
GREEN"
90 PRINT"5. 80 COLUMNS, GREEN ON
BLACK"
100 PRINT" 6. 80 COLUMNS, BLACK O
N GREEN"
110 PRINT"7. END PROGRAM" : PRINT
120 INPUT C$
130 IF C$="l" THEN 230
140 IF C$="2" THEN 240
150 IF C$="3" THEN 250
160 IF C$="4" THEN 260
170 IF C$="5" THEN 270
180 IF C$="6" THEN 280
190 IF C$="7" THEN 290 ELSE 40
230 GOTO 30
240 WIDTH3 2:POKE&HE033,16:PALETT
E12 , : PALETTE13 , 63 : CLS : GOTO40
250 WIDTH40:POKE&HE03C,19:PALETT
E0 , : PALETTE8 ,63: CLS 1 : GOTO40
260 WIDTH40:POKE&HE03C,19:PALETT
E0 , 63 : PALETTE8 , : CLS5 : GOTO40
270 WIDTH80:POKE&HE045,19:PALETT
E0 , : PALETTE8 , 63 : CLS1 : GOTO40
280 WIDTH80:POKE&HE045,19:PALETT
E0 , 63 : PALETTE8 , : CLS5 : GOTO40
290 CLS: NEW
4K
Guess Who
By Keiran Kenny
Gather your guests around the CoCo and let them guess
the names of well-known people, places or events from letters
scattered randomly over the screen. You are the Qui/ Master
who can bring enlightenment from confusion by pressing the
space bar to reveal the answer.
The display time can be varied from I (fairly short) to 9
(long). You can enter your own choice of categories and
names in the DATA lines beginning with Line 220, but you
will need many more than my few examples to make the game
interesting. The first DATA item is the category (like
"Presidents" in Line 220). Enter as many names and DATA
lines as you want for each category, but note that each DATA
category must end with "", and also that the very last DATA
entry must read END (as in Line 1000).
The listing: GUESSWHO
'GUESSWHO' BY KEIRAN KENNY,
SYDNEY, 1987
10 CLS:GOTO170
July 1988
THE RAINBOW 83
20 READT$ : IFT$="END"THEN150ELSEP
RINT@2 40-LEN(T$)/2,T$
30 PRINT@458, "PRESS <ENTER>"
40 K$=INKEY$:IFK$<>CHR$(13)THEN4
0ELSECLS
50 READA$ : IFA$=" "THENCLS I GOTO20
60 F0RT=1T0LEN(A$)
70 IFINKEY$=CHR$(32)THEN130
80 P=1151+RND(256)
90 IFPEEK(P)O96THEN80
100 IFMID$(A$,T,1)=CHR$(32)THENP
OKEP,96ELSEPOKEP,ASC(MID$(A$,T,l
))
110 NEXT
120 FORD=1TODL*100:IFINKEY$=CHR$
(32) THEN130ELSENEXT : CLS : GOTO60
130 CLS : PRINTS 2 40-LEN ( A$ ) /2 , A$ : G
OTO30
140 GOTO140
150 CLS:PRINT@237,T$
160 GOTO 160
170 PRINT@104,"<«GUESS WHO»>"
180 PRINT@193,"BY KEIRAN KENNY,
SYDNEY, 1987."
190 PRINT@289, "DISPLAY TIME (1-9
) : " ; : INPUTDL
200 IFDL< 10RDL>9THENPRINT@ 2 8 9,""
:GOTO190
210 CLS:GOTO20
220 DATA PRESIDENTS, GEORGE WASHI
NGTON , KENNEDY , MADISON , JOHNSON, RO
NALD REAGAN , " "
230 DATA FILM STARS , MARYLIN MONR
OE,BILL COSBY, JOAN COLLINS , AUDRE
Y HEPBURN,""
240 DATA CITIES, COPENHAGEN, BUENO
S AIRES, JAKARTA, MONTREAL, MELBOUR
NE,RIO DI JANIERO,""
1000 DATA END
Wart&Mri
Looking for a Heartbeat
By Wilmer B. Maxwell
16K
ECB
Did you know that your heart beats more than 100,000
limes each day — about 36 million times a year?
Pulse Beat counts your pulse rate. When you are resting and
relaxed, the pulse beat rate should be in the range of 60 to
75. Keep in mind that a child's pulse rale tends to be faster
than an adult's.
Just type in, save, load and run the program and follow
the onscreen prompts to get an estimate of your pulse rate.
The listing: PULSBEAT
100 REM: CLOAD" PULSBEAT"
110 CLS4:L=227
120 FOR X=l TO 9
130 H=32:READ T$
140 FOR T=1T06 : SOUND2 , 1
150 PRINT@L,CHR$(191) ; :GOSUB440
160 PRINT@L,T$;:GOSUB440
170 IFX=10RX=9THENH=H+3 2 : IFH=>64
THENH=64
180 IFX=20RX=8THENH=H+3 2 : IFH=>16
0THENH=160
190 IFX=30RX=7THENH=H+3 2 : IFH=>19
2THENH=192
200 IFX=40RX=6THENH=H+32:IFH=>16
0THENH=160
210 IFX=5THENH=H+32:IFH=>12 8THEN
H=128
220 NEXT T
230 L=L+3:NEXT X
240 FOR D=1TO1800:NEXT D
250 DATA P,U,L,S,E,B,E,A,T
260 CLS 4: PRINTS 3 2," THIS PROGR
AM RECORDS YOUR"
270 PRINT" PULSE IN BEATS PER
MINUTE . " ; : PRINT
280 PRINT" WITH YOUR LEFT HAND,
FIND YOUR"
290 PRINT"PULSE ON THE RIGHT SID
E OF YOUR"
300 PRINT"NECK, DIRECTLY UNDER Y
OUR JAW. ,":PRINT
310 PRINT" WITH YOUR RIGHT HAND,
TAP ANY"
320 PRINT"KEY EVERY TIME YOUR PU
LSE BEATS!"
3 30 PB=0: PRINT" start any
time "
340 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 3 40
ELSE 350
350 TIMER=0 : PB=1 : SOUND 200,1: GOT
380
3 60 A$=INKEY$:IF A$=""THEN 3 60 E
LSE 370
370 PB=PB+1: SOUND 180,1
84
THE RAINBOW July 1988
380 SV=TIMER:IF SV=>505 THEN 390
ELSE 3 60
390 PRINT§416," YOUR PULSE RA
TE IS";PB*6
400 SOUND 150, 8: FOR P=1TO1000:NE
XT P
410 PRINT" PLAY AGAIN <Y/N >
?"
420 A$=INKEY$:IFA$=""THEN 420
430 IF A$="Y" GOTO 260 ELSE 500
440 FOR D=1TO50:NEXT D
450 PRINT@L-H,CHR$(128) ;:PRINT@L
+H,CHR$(128) ;
460 IFX=4THEN PRINT@428 , CHR$ (128
) ; : PRINTQ 4 60 , CHR$ (128);
470 IFX=5THEN PRINT@399 , CHR$ (128
) ;:PRINT@431,CHR$(128) ;:PRINT@46
3,CHR$(128) ; :PRINT§495,CHR$(179)
•
480 IFX=6THEN PRINT@434 ,CHR$ (128
) ;:PRINT@466,CHR$(128) ;
490 RETURN
500 CLS:END
510 REM: BY W.MAXWELL, CARLISLE, PA
CoCo 3
May the Force Be with You?
By Travis Halbrook
Not too long ago 1 saw a TV advertisement for a game that
was supposed to inerease a person's psychic ability. The game
had four lights that came on at random, and the object was
to guess which light would come on next. Users said they
experienced increased intuition by playing the game. I
modeled my program. Psychic Intuition Developer (1'ID),
after this game.
When you load and run P/D, you will see four boxes on
the screen, numbered 1 through 4. You are to guess (with
psychic intuition) which box will light up by pressing the
appropriate number key. The computer will tell you if you
are right or wrong. Every correct guess adds a point to your
score.
There are 24 guesses in a game; the statistical norm for
correct guesses is six. If you routinely rate scores of nine or
more, perhaps the force is with you!
The listing: PSYCHIC
Q <*****************************
* PSYCHIC INTUITION *
* DEVELOPER *
* "BY TRAVIS HALBROOK" *
*****************************
10 WIDTH32 :X=RND (-TIMER) : RGB: CLS
0:FOR C=l TO 4 :L$ (C)=STRING$ (5, 1
28+16* (C-l) +15) :NEXT C:FOR Y=193
TO 321 STEP 32: FOR C=0 TO 3 : PRI
NT@Y+(C*8) ,L$(C+1) ;:NEXTC:NEXTY:
C=l:FOR A=259 TO 290 STEP 8: POKE
1024+A,C+48:C=C+1:NEXT A: FOR T=
1 TO 20:L=RND(4)-1
20 S=RND (2 55 ): PALETTE L,63:SOUND
S,l: RGB: NEXT T:A$=" intuition "+C
HR$ ( 128 ) +"developer"+CHR$ ( 12 8 ) : F
OR B=127 TO 102 STEP-1: PRINT§B, L
EFT$(A$,127-B) ;:FOR DLAY=1 TO 30
:NEXT DLAY-.NEXT B
30 FOR T=l TO 24:PRINT@458,"choo
se"+CHR$(128)+"one";:L=RND(4)-l:
W=L+1
40 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 40
50 A=VAL(A$) :IF A<1 OR A>4 THEN
40
60 POKE 1518, A+48: PALETTE L,63:I
F A=W THEN GOSUB 110 ELSE GOSUB
130
70 NEXT T
80 PRINT@427,"YOU GOT " ;SC;:PRIN
T@457,"OUT OF 24 RIGHT" ;: PRINTS 4
88, "PLAY AGAIN (Y/N)";
90 A$=INKEY$:IF A$o"Y" AND A$<>
"N" THEN 90
100 IF A$="Y" THEN 160 ELSE IF A
$="N" THEN END
110 'RIGHT SUBROUTINE
120 SOUND 150,5:PRINT@396,"right
" ; : SC=SC+1 : PRINT@10 , "score="SC ; :
FOR DLAY=1 TO 500: NEXT DLAY:PRIN
T@396, STRINGS (5, 128) ;:RGB:POKE 1
5 18, 12 8: RETURN
130 'WRONG SUBROUTINE
140 PRINT© 3 9 6, "wrong";: SOUND 1,5
:FOR DLAY=1 TO 500: NEXT DLAY:PRI
NT@396,STRING$(6,128) ;:RGB:POKE
1518, 128: RETURN
150 'PLAY AGAIN
160 PRINT@416,STRING$(95,128) ;:P
OKE 1535,128:PRINT@0,STRING$(32,
128) ;: CLEAR :GOTO 30
Submissions to "Novices Niche" are welcome from everyone. We like
to run a variety of short programs that can be typed in at one sitting
and are useful, educational and fun. Keep in mind, although the short
programs are limited in scope, many novice programmers find it
enjoyable and quite educational to improve the software written by
others.
Program submissions must be on tape or disk. We're sorry, but we
cannot key in program listings. All programs should be supported by
some editorial commentary, explaining how the program works. If your
submission is accepted for publication, the payment rate will be
established and agreed upon prior to publication.
July 1988
THE RAINBOW
85
mm&
16K ECB
Aleacher at Lakeview School in
Hernando, Fla., wondered if I
could make up a program to
teach students the names and sequence
of the months of the year and give them
a little workout at the keyboard, copy-
ing the months from the screen. A
challenge is a challenge; overjoyed at
having a specific problem to attack, 1
snapped at the opportunity to show off
my skills.
The first thing to be done was a
simple expedient. Our old faithful Race
program of previous tutorials, which
should be in your library, was chosen to
give the program some graphics en-
hancements. Load Race, type RENUM
500,0,10) and run; type 499 GDT0499
then LIST.
We moved our graphic out of the way
by renumbering it and checking it out.
We added a perpetual loop in front of
it so that, unless we deliberately intend
to change it, our graphic is out of harm's
way. We listed and noted the last line.
We can add subroutines beginning at
Line 1000 and bypass the graphic. Our
creation will be developed between lines
and 499 and from 1000 onward.
In Line type 12M0NTHS. For the
time being, I will hold the space between
Lines 10 and 19 for the student's name.
Line 20 begins the program proper.
The plan is that each month will be
enclosed in a string variable from AS
through LS. Copy Line 20 from listing
12M0NTHS and run. You should get a
blank screen. So far, nothing has been
written. We ran the line to see if CoCo
picked up any SN, TM or other errors
that are commonly made and a nuisance
to locate. We will verify for correct
spelling when we print the months on
the screen.
Type and run 30 PRINT:PRINT
07, "MONTHS OF THE YEAR". What is
wrong with this line? The PRINT doesn't
print an empty top row. The PRINT07
prints at Location 7 on the text screen,
which is on the top row. Fuzzy thinking
on my part. Spaces through 3 1 are on
the top row. Since 32+7=39, seven
spaces from the left margin will be on
the second, or target, row. Type and run
31 PRINT039,"M".The M falls directly
below the M in MONTH. Delete Line 31.
Florida-based Joseph Kolar is a veter-
an writer and programmer who special-
izes in introducing beginners to the
powers of the Color Computer.
A tutorial to teach
students the months of
the year
"Thirty Days
Hath
September"
By Joseph Kolar
Rainbow Contributing Editor
The line I was looking for was 30
PRINT039, "MONTHS OF THE YERR".
This is not to impute that the other
construction is no good. So long as the
mission is accomplished and you are
satisfied with the result, then rest on
your laurels. Who cares what your
listing looks like? The students will
never suspect that you have a sloppy
construction.
We plan to skip a line and print two
columns. Copy Line 40. The actual,
repeating format for each entry is a
repetition of " 1. "X$,. where x$, is
the month in Line 20 that matches the
number. Double-digit numbers will not
have a blank space after the opening
quote.
You may prefer to present the first
and second months, side by side, paired
on the top row and continue in this
format. Rewrite the line, if you find that
list more appealing. Double-check the
spelling. Note that a comma separates
each entry and locales the next column.
We are into the meat of the program.
The idea is to do the months in
sequence. We will require a FOR-NEXT
loop, FOR X=l TO 12. It seemed logical
to begin the loop next.
50 PRINT: FOR X=l TO 2. This line
supports only January and February.
The plan is to make a workable two-
month program. Then, if all goes well,
we will expand it to a full year.
Copy Line 60 from the listing. This
line orders CoCo to go to Line 70 when
X=l and hop over to Line 71 when X=2.
Line 70 will settle January, and Line 71
will handle February.
Copy lines 70 and 71 from the listing.
LIST70. Why use LINEINPUT instead of
INPUT? It omitted the annoying ques-
tion mark prompt. Within quotation
marks and with a two-space indent, the
keyboard operator, (high-class name
for student), is to type in the first month.
He is to refer to Month #1 in the table
for proper selection and spelling. X5 is
what he types in. If he does this task
correctly and it is exactly the same as
AS in Line 20, CoCo is directed to Line
90. C=C+1 counts how many months are
successfully typed. Since it has to be all
12, this line is useless, but it doesn't cost
anything.
After typing all 12 months, CoCo is
told to clear the display, put on a fresh
table and go to the next month. The
only problem is that if the table is
included in the loop, the true loop
should be in front of Line 30.
25 FOR X=l TO 12. We need to print
the empty row in Line 50 for aesthetic
value. Lop off the FOR-NEXT statement.
Enter EDIT50. Use the space bar to
position the cursor over the colon, press
H and ENTFR. Run. If you spelled the
months correctly a UL error popped up,
suggesting more lines be created. In the
event that the word was misspelled or
the wrong word typed in. Line 70 directs
CoCo to GOSUB300 and then return.
Key in Line 300 from the listing. This
is the boo-boo calculator, F=F+1, just
in case we want the sum total of the bad
spellings. A line is skipped. A message
gives the bad news and returns. Note the
unused variable, N$. Make a deliberate
typing error to check this line out. If the
student is a real klutz., after the third bad
news report, the table will scroll up. up
and away. We counted the number of
attempts, T, to do a particular month.
If T=3, give up. clear the screeen. reset
C for a fresh start and begin from the
beginning.
At this point, we put in Line 26, 2G
T=0, inside the loop to reset it to 0.
24 C=0:F=0. We are not likely to use
these reset counters. When the program
is recycled. Line 24 is the first line to be
repeated after a successful run-through.
Copy all lines from 72 through 81 . Upon
86
THE RAINBOW July 1988
completion, CoCo jumps back to the
beginning.
Copy lines 90 and 95. After De-
cember is typed in correctly, we zoom
over to our graphic. The three-line text
will be changed:
530 PRINTThB(11)"GD0D WORK,"
550 PRINTTRB(12)N$"!"
5S0 PRINT:PRINTTRB(G)"YOU
HAVE ALL TWELVE: "PRINTTAB(8)
"MONTHS CORRECTLY."
This is great, but we are hung up with
no end in sight. Notice the exclamation
point. The name, N$, should go there.
It is high time to give the student an
opportunity to personalize his or her
work.
Key in lines 10 to 14. Line 10 is
familiar, creating five blank rows. A
name is requested. Line 1 2 gives instruc-
tions. 1 didn't know how to add PRESS
<ENTER> to Line 12. First, I located the
message so that it would be tastefully
located and visible even though it came
after the Type Prompt. Then I found
that the seventh row began at 192 and
printed nothing there but reserved the
line. Now, the LINEINPUT would fall
where it was expected. Line 14 moved
us along with a time-waster. The name
was printed, stored in memory and
CoCo was told to keep working.
Running through all the colors over
and over again in effect hangs us up. We
decided to use just three colors. The first
one would race around the text. When
the second color came up, we went to
a subroutine at Line 1000 that inquires
whether or not we want to repeat the
exercise. When the third color comes up
we wipe out the window, all except the
name, and then jump back for a new
exercise, bypassing the name routine.
570 FOR C=3T07 STEP2
575 IF C=5 GO5UB1000
57G IF C=7 GOTO790
780 NEXTC:IF C=7 GOTO 790
This breaks out of the maddening
loop.
For some reason or other I have the
same instruction twice: IF C = 7
GDTO790. What happened was that 1
destroyed this program and had to redo
it from memory.
Type and enter the following:
900 NEXTC: FOR Z=1TD1000:
NEXT:CLS:GOTD20
Copy lines
the listing:
(000 through 1050 from
890 5CREEN0.1
EDIT1000 <I> <SCREEN0,1:>
These last two changes show us that we
can change the color of our window
without disturbing the overlying graph-
ics. It also adds a bit of interest.
Mask Line 890 after the first state-
ment. This line leaves the name on the
screen till the last second. Line 1012
ended with a proper question mark. The
question mark is inappropriate only
when the name is showing. Line 885
prints the name in the exact location
and blanks out the question mark.
Compare initial location positions of
Line 1012, (197+G4=2G1) and Line 885,
(2G4). The white border ends eight
spaces to the left of the first letter of the
name. The purple border ends five
spaces to the left of the first letter of the
name. We considered the first letter of
the name as our reference point in
doping out these two lines.
Line 1000 turns the screen to the
alternate color. Line 1005 blanks out the
top line, GOOD WORK,. Line 1010 prints
a question. Note that the PRINTS loca-
tion is in the sixth column, at the left
NEW, LOW PRICES!
SAVE 40% TO 33%
/f^
MONEV BACK GUARANTEE ■
COMPATIBLE WITH COCO 3
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NEW FROM RTB SOFTWARE
rff^h Graphic Adventure Games
"■••- LABYRINTH
Can you escape and save your kingdom?
Find secret tunnels and danger. Can be
backed up.
RAINBOW
QUEST
FOR THE RING
A SEQUEL TO LABYRINTH
BUT IS A STAND ALONE GAME
2 disk package. Can be backed up
Wander your vast kingdom in search
of the Wizards Ring. But be aware, the
dragon and other dangers!
Simple keystroke commands
Both games tor 64K Disk ECB COC01 or 2
LABYRINTH $24.95
QUEST FOR THE RING $46£5 $34.95
Add $3.00 for shipping and handling
Order now!
Send check or M.O. to:
RTB Software
P.O. Box 777
W. Acton, MA 01 720-001 1
Phone: 61 7-263-0563
Area Code changes to
(508) after July 16th
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 87
border of the text window. If you want
to see where it is changed, change Line
1010 to 196 temporarily and run. Lines
101 1 through 1014 all begin in the same
column. The added value +32 to each
succeeding line drops the location down
a row while still remaining in the proper
column. The spaces after the opening
quote were designed to obliterate the
previously existing text.
If you look carefully, you will see a
remnant on the screen. Do you see the
period left after Line 1020 does its
work? It is about five spaces after NO on
the screen. Enter EDIT1020 and type
18; press the space bar into the blank
area after text. Press 1 and the space bar,
enter and run. We added just one space
to do the job. If we had added them
indiscriminately, we might have crashed
through the right border. If we had left
off the semicolon, we would have gone
clear to the end of the row, ruining our
carefully crafted graphic.
Line 1005 begins at 170. This location
was before the GDDD WORK, line.
Enough blank spaces were set to blank
out the line. What would happen if I
used 197-32 instead of 170? Think!
Now. try it and see!
Lines 1014 and 1 020 could have easily
been combined into a single line. Mask
lines 1014 and 1020. This leaves MONTHS
CORRECTLY, exposed in the text win-
dow.
Enter and run 1015 PRINT0197
+12B"12345G7BYE5'N012345G?8";.
Pretend the numerals are blank spaces.
That pesky dot is under one of the
numbers after NO. You can see that the
eight numbers on each side center the
text correctly. This technique is a lot of
work but it is a good tutorial device to
help you in locating the exact starting
position.
Line 1015 begins printing at
197+128= (325). Add the three blank
spaces to the left of MONT and you find
where the M is situated (328). Five blank
spaces follow the opening quote, and
the centered text follows. We need six
blank spaces to cover the pesky dot and
then we can close out, allowing us to
finalize the line:
1015 PRINT328," YES'NO ";
You have three choices: Unmask lines
1014 and 1020 and mask Line 1015;
leave it as it is; or leave Line 1015
unmasked, deleting lines 1014 and 1020.
Save 12M0NTHS.
You can see programming takes lots
of planning. It takes a lot of trial and
error before you and CoCo are of one
mind. Lots of mistakes or poor logic
add spice to the ultimate success. This
tutorial was presented from my frame
of reference, the sum total of my CoCo
knowledge, and my faulty logic. Cer-
tainly there are other ways to approach
each problem.
If you work along with me and at
times say to yourself, "I would have
done this in such and such a way. I know
an easier way. Kolar isn't so smart." I
congratulate you. You are doing your
own thinking and imprinting your
personality on your work. You are
healthily skeptical of so-called experts
and allow your creative side to assert
itself. I hope you remain flexible in your
approach to CoCo's quirks and develop
your own bag of tricks. Make mistakes
- and brag about them, for we all learn
from mistakes. But go back to the
keyboard for a creative session that will
lead into the vast unknown.
Our next project will involve the
opening frame of 12M0NTHS. With all
the Lo-R.es graphics under our belt,
don't you think you could dress up the
opening segment? Create something
neat, in case I wander off onto some
unrelated subject.
See you next month! □
y
1
jr
....11
V
73 . . . .
R1
118
...186
650 .. .
780 ... .
...239
900 .. .
...244
END
47
The listing:
'<12MONTHS>
10 CLS: FOR X=1T05: PRINT: NEXT
11 PRINT@258, "PRESS <ENTER>":PRI
NT@192,"";
12 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN YOUR NAME
: ";N$
14 FOR Z=l TO 500: NEXT
20 CLS :A$=" JANUARY" :B$="FEBRUARY
" : C$="MARCH" : D$=" APRIL" : E$="MAY"
: F$=" JUNE" : G$=" JULY" :H$=" AUGUST"
:I$="SEPTEMBER" : J$="OCTOBER" :K$=
"NOVEMBER" : L$=" DECEMBER"
24 C=0:F=0
25 FOR X=l TO 12
26 T=0
30 PRINTS 3 9, "MONTHS OF THE YEAR"
40 PRINT: PRINT" 1. "A$," 7. "G$,
" 2. "B$," 8. "H$," 3. "C$," 9.
"I$," 4. "D$,"10. "J$," 5. "E$,"
11. "K$," 6. "F$,"12. "L$
50 PRINT
60 ON X GOTO70,71,72,73,74,75,76
,77,78,79,80,81
70 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 1.
";X$:IF X$=A$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE G
OSUB300:GOTO70
71 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 2.
";X$:IF X$=B$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE G
OSUB300:GOTO71
72 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 3.
";X$:IF X$=C$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE G
OSUB300:GOTO72
73 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 4.
";X$:IF X$=D$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE G
OSUB300:GOTO73
74 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 5.
";X$:IF X$=E$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE G
OSUB300:GOTO74
75 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 6.
";X$:IF X$=F$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE G
OSUB300:GOTO75
76 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 7.
";X$:IF X$=G$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE G
OSUB300:GOTO76
77 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 8.
";X$: IF X$=H$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE
GOSUB300:GOTO77
78 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 9.
88
THE RAINBOW July 1988
";X$:IF X$=I$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE G
OSUB300:GOTO78
79 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 10.
" ;X$:IFX$=J$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE GO
SUB300:GOTO79
80 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 11.
";X$:IF X$=K$ THEN GOTO90 ELSE G
OSUB300:GOTO80
81 LINEINPUT" TYPE IN MONTH 12.
";X$:IF X$=L$ THEN GOTO 9j3 ELSE
GOSUB300:GOTO81
90 C=C+l: IF C<13 THEN CLS
95 IF C=12 THEN 50 ft ELSE NEXT
300 F=F+1: PRINT: PRINT" WRONG!
TRY AGAIN, "N$ ; , :T=T+1:IF T=3 T
HEN CLS:GOT02 4 ELSE RETURN
490 NEXT
499 GOT0499
500 '<RACE>
510 CLS
520 FOR X=l TO 5:PRINT:NEXTX
530 PRINTTAB(ll) "GOOD WORK,"
540 PRINT
550 PRINTTAB(12)N$"!"
560 PRINT : PRINTTAB ( 6 ) "YOU TYPED
ALL TWELVE": PRINTTAB (8) "MONTHS C
ORRECTLY."
570 FOR C=3 T07 STEP2
575 IF C=5 GOSUB1000
576 IF C=7 GOTO790
580 FOR H=0 TO 63STEP2 : SET (H,0 , C
) :NEXTH
590 FOR V=0 TO 31STEP+2 :SET (63 , V
,C) :NEXTV
600 FOR H=63 TO STEP-2 : SET (H, 3
1,C) :NEXTH
610 FOR V=31 TO 2 STEP-2 : SET (0 , V
,C) :NEXTV
620 FOR H=2 TO 61 STEP2 : SET (H, 2 ,
C) :NEXTH
630 FOR V=2 TO 29 STEP2 : SET ( 61, V
,C) :NEXTV
640 FOR H=59 TO 2 STEP-2 : SET (H, 2
9,C) '.NEXTH
650 FOR V=27 TO 4 STEP-2 : SET (2 ,V
,C) :NEXTV
660 FOR H=4T059 STEP2 : SET (H, 4 , C)
: NEXTH
670 FOR V=4T027 STEP2 : SET (59 , V, C
) :NEXTV
680 FOR H=57 T04STEP-2 : SET (H, 27 ,
C) : NEXTH
690 FOR V=25 TO 6 STEP-2 : SET (4 ,V
,C) :NEXTV
700 FOR H=6T057 STEP2 : SET (H, 6 , C)
: NEXTH
710 FOR V=6T025 STEP2 : SET (57 , V, C
) : NEXTV
720 FOR H=55 TO 6 STEP-2 : SET (H, 2
5,C) : NEXTH
730 FOR V=23 T06 STEP-2 : SET (6, V,
C) : NEXTV
740 FOR H=8T055STEP2:SET(H,8,C) :
NEXTH
750 FOR V=8 T023 STEP2 : SET (55, V,
C) : NEXTV
760 FOR H=53 T08STEP-2 : SET (H, 23 ,
C) : NEXTH
770 FOR V=21 TO 8STEP-2 :SET(8, V,
C) : NEXTV
780 NEXTC:IF C=7 GOTO790
790 FORH=10TO53STEP2:SET(H,10,C)
: NEXTH
800 FOR V=10 T021STEP2:SET(53,V /
C) : NEXTV
810 FOR H=51 TO10STEP-2:SET(H,21
,C) : NEXTH
820 FOR V=19 TO 12STEP-2 : SET (10 ,
V,C) : NEXTV
830 FORH=12 T051 STEP2 : SET (H, 12 ,
C) : NEXTH
840 FOR V=12 T019 STEP2 :SET(51,V
,C) : NEXTV
850 FORH=49 T012 STEP-2 : SET (H, 19
,C) : NEXTH
860 FOR V=17 T014 STEP-2 : SET (12 ,
V,C) : NEXTV
870 FORH=14T049STEP2:SET(H,14,C)
: NEXTH
880 SET(49,16,C)
885 PRINTS2 64," ";N$" " ;
890 SCREEN0,1: 'FOR H=47 T014STEP
-2:SET(H,16,C) : NEXTH
900 NEXTC:FORZ=1TO1000: NEXT: CLS:
GOTO20
910 GOTO910
1000 SCREEN0,1: FOR Z=1TO2000:NE
XT
1005 PRINT@170," ";
1010 PRINT© 19 7," DO IT AGAIN
ii .
1011 PRINTS 197+3 2,"
ii .
1012'pRINT@197+64,"
ii .
1013 PRINT@197+96,"
";N$"?
1014 PRINT@197+128," ";
1015 'PRINT@ 3 2 8," YES/NO
ii •
1020 PRINT" YES/NO " ;
1025 Z$=INKEY$:IF Z$="" GOTO1025
1030 IF LEFT$(Z$,1)="Y" THEN RET
URN
1040 IF LEFT$(Z$,1)="N" THEN CLS
2: PRINTS 19 8," BYE, BYE, ";N$" " ;
1050 GOTO1050
/R\
July 1988
THE RAINBOW
89
RAINBOW
Give us your best: Join the ranks of these courageous CoCoists in showing the Color Computer world your
high score at your favorite micro-diversion. We want to put your best effort on record in the rainbow's
"Scoreboard" column. All entries must be received 60 days prior to publication. Entries should be printed —
legibly — and must include your lull name, address, game title, company name and, of course, your high score.
Each individual is limited to three score entries per month. Send your entries to Scoreboard, c/o the rainbow.
For greater convenience, your high scores may also be sent to us through the MAIL section of our Delphi
CoCo SIC. From the CoCo SIG> prompt, pick MAIL, then type SEND and address to: EDITORS.
•k Current Record Holder
Shutout
*************************************
*
1
*
*
f
f
*
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
ADVANCED STAR-TRENCH (THE RAINBOW, 7/86)
4750 *Slephane Marlel. Laval, Ouebec
4.475 David Schaller. Clarkslon. WA
4,500 Frankio DiGlovanni, Olney, MD
4.300 JeMrey Warren, Waynesville, NC
3.960 Maurice MacGarvey. Dawson Creek,
British Columbia
ASTRO BLAST /Mark Data)
48.825 *Tony Bacon, Ml. Vernon, IN
BALLOON (THE RAINBOW. 6/87)
7,000 *Jon Hobson, Plainfield, Wl
BEE ZAPPER (THE RAINBOW. 9/87)
15.785 *David Harlmann. Osoyoos, British
Columbia
12.825 Frederick Laioie. Nova Scolia.
Canada
12.350 Tom Carpenler, Palenville. NY
1 1,675 Daniel Harlmann, Osoyoos. British
Columbia
10.850 Matthew Yarrows. Easthamplon, MA
BOUNCING BOULDERS (Diecom Products)
10.930 *Palnck Garneau. Ste-Croix, Quebec
BUZZARD BAIT from Mix)
22,931.850 *Skip Tadny, East Lyme. CT
763.550 Geran Stalker, Rivordalo, GA
187.750 Keilh Janas. Kitwanga, British
Columbia
CANYON CLIMBER {Radio Shack)
1.725,100 *John Guptill. Columbia. MO
1,627,500 Matthew Fumich, Munlord, TN
202.000 David Brown, New Watertord, Nova
Scolia
178.200 Darren King. Yorkton, Saskatchewan
169.000 Gregory Speer. Emporia. KS
CASHMAN (MIchTron)
9,870 *Martin Parada. Arcadia, CA
CLOWNS & BALLOONS {Radio Shack)
688.960 *Fayo Keelor. Augusta. GA
21 7.500 Frankie DiGiovanni. Olney. MD
70, 180 Charles Andrews. Delta Jet. AK
36.650 Melody Webb, Lakeport. CA
33.710 Timm Cappoll, Freeland, Ml
COLOR BASEBALL {Radio Shack)
119-0 *«Adam Silverstein. Chicago, IL
111-2 David Czamecki, Northhampton. MA
43-0 «Jason Kopp. Downs. IL
COLOR CAR fNOv'ASOFr;
252,928 *Alan Martin, Cornwall, Ontario
1 10,870 Martin Parada. Arcadia, CA
COLOR POKER (THE RAINBOW, 4/83)
38,01 1 .600 *Earl Foster, Lynchburg, VA
THE CONTROLLERS (THE RAINBOW, 2/88)
188 *Frederick Lajoie. Nova Scolia,
Canada
CRYSTAL CASTLES I J hundef Vision)
381,138 *Jason Trammel, Murphysboro, IL
DALLAS QUEST (Radio Shack)
81 *Brad Wilson, Lilhia Springs. GA
85 Paul Summers. Orange Park. FL
85 David and Shirley Johnson. Leicester.
NC
86 Roy Grant, Toledo, OH
86 Melanic Moor, Florence. AL
87 Andrew Yarrows. Easlhampton. MA
87 Douglas Bell. Duncan, OK
102 Hugh Flournoy. Jr , Spanaway. WA
DECATHALON {Speciral Associates:
9.408 *Mariin Parada, Arcadia. CA
DEFENSE {Spectral Associates)
16.305 *Patnck Marlel, Laval, Quebec
DEF MOV (THE RAINBOW, 1/87)
43.806 *Domingo Marline?. Miami, FL
35.33 1 David Schaller, Clarkslon. WA
31.673 Douglas Bacon. Mlddletown. CT
30,753 Pasha Irshad, Silver Spring. MD
30.326 Frederick Lajoie, Nova Scotia.
Canada
DEMON ATTACK llmagic)
279.435 *Jon Hobson. Plainlield, Wl
202.260 Tom Bnggs. Hillsdale. NY
89.285 Upton Thomas, Arnold, MD
72.410 Glenn Hodgson. Aberdeenshire.
Scotland
67,760 Jim Davis, Sandwich. IL
DESERT RIDER {Radio Shack)
80.703 *Thomas Payton. Anderson, SC
65,351 Jason Hackley, Clinton. CT
63.014 Rebecca Henderson, Ballslon Spa, NY
62,702 William Currie, Bryans Road. MD
50.797 Patrick Devitt, Lombard, IL
47,677 Thomas Beall. Odonlon. MD
DEVIL ASSAULT (Tom Mix)
1.866,100 *Stephane Martel. Laval, Quebec
623,550 Dale Krueger. Maple Ridge,
British Columbia
75.000 Blake Cadmus, Reading, PA
40,800 Benoil Landry, Drummondville.
Quebec
DONPAN (Radio Shack)
53.100 *Jim Davis. Sandwich, IL
52,600 Eric Olson, Wheaton, IL
DOUBLE BACK (fladio Shack)
207.860 *Uplon Thomas. Arnold, MD
172.320 Richard Winkelbauer. Bronx, NY
136.510 Don Mullis. Delavan. Wl
51,470 Belty Mullis, Delavan. Wl
50,700 Tristan Terkuc, Richmond, Ontario
DOWNLAND (Radio Shack)
99.980 *Danny Wimett. Rome. NY
98,985 Karl Gullilord. Summorvillo, SC
97,740 Slephane Deshaies, Beloeil, Quebec
89.490 Noll Edge, Willislon, FL
77.254 Tom Audas, Fremont. CA
73.346 Jean-Francois Morin, Lorettevillo,
Quebec
70,142 Chris Goodman, Baltimore. MD
68.142 Cooper Valentin. Vavenby.
British Columbia
67.721 Keilh Yampanis. Jatlrey, NH
62.442 Eddie Lawrence. Pasadena.
Newfoundland
55,300 Palrico Gonzalez. Buenos Aires.
Argentina
49.500 Danny Perkins. Clifton Forgo. VA
49.441 Kevin Pater Port Albernl, British
Columbia
49.254 David Brown. New Walerlord, Nova
Scotia
43.502 Mike Ells. Charlolle, Ml
41 ,896 Anlomo Hidalgo. San Jose,
Costa Rica
40,360 Jesse Binns, Phoenix, AZ
35,61 1 Adam Broughton. Morris, PA
DRAGON FIRE (Radio Shack)
160,835 *Eric Olson. Wheaton. IL
146.325 Slephane Martel, Laval, Quebec
1 1,726 Marcos Rodriguez. New York. NY
9.861 Michael Adams. Columbia, SC
9,200 Jesse Cogdell, Wilmington, DE
ENCHANTER (Inlocom)
400/223 *Konnie Gram. Toledo. OH
ESCAPE 2012 (Compulerware)
202 *Roy Grant, Toledo. OH
199 Milan Parekh. Anaheim. CA
FANGMAN (Tom Mix)
217.650 *Marlin Parada. Arcadia, CA
FIRE COPTER {Adventure international)
77.030 *Mike LeBrun, Cornwall, Ontario
56.840 Michael Adams. Columbia. SC
FIRESTORM (THE RAINBOW, 1/86)
22,505 *Chad Presley, Luseland,
Saskatchewan
1 1 .250 Slephane Marlel. Laval. Quebec
5.680 Kalhy Rumpel, Arcadia, Wl
3,760 Rick Beevers, Bloomlield. MN
3.505 Blake Cadmus. Reading. PA
GALACTIC ATTACK {Radio Shack)
31.100 *Upton Thomas. Arnold. MD
29.030 David Czarnecki. Norlhhamplon. MA
26,370 Jell Remick, Warren. Ml
22,250 Dave Slaub, Moundsville. WV
1 1.830 Sheldon Penney, Green Bay,
Newfoundland
GALAGON {Spectral Associates)
751.020 *Solia Glorgi. Brasilia. Brazil
357.890 Jason Clough, Houston. TX
328,820 Bernard Burke. Lee's Summit, MO
249,960 Matthew Fumich, Munlord, TN
169.410 Danny Dunne. Pittslleld, NH
GANTELET (Diecom Products)
23.643.720 *Geran Stalker. Rivordalo, GA
20,921.490 Randall Edwards. Dunlap. KS
10,222.940 Clinlon Morell. Sacramento. CA
10.020.500 Ken Hubbard, Madison. Wl
7.493.340 Stirling Dell. Dundalk, Ontario
GHANA BWANA (Radio Shack)
2.350,750 *Michael Heilz, Chicago. IL
702.520 Joseph Delaney, Augusta. GA
105.820 David Reash, Hadley. PA
GOLD FINDER (Tom Mix)
100.775 *Jesse Collicolt, Inman. KS
GONE FISHING (THE RAINBOW, 1/84)
7 *Benoil St-Jean. Galineau, Ouebec
GROBOTfC/iiWrsn's Computer Workshop)
8,090 *Curl Lebel, Louisville, KY
HITCHHIKER'S GUIDE TO THE GALAXY (Inlocom)
400/359 *Roy Gram. Toledo. OH
400/422 Jell Hollham, Waterloo, Onlario
400/510 Brad Wilson, Lithia Springs. GA
INTERBANK INCIDENT (Radio Shack)
4,861 *Shara and Chris Euton, Lilburn, GA
IRON FOREST (Diecom Products)
3.1 73,200 *Charles Boyd, Amarillo. TX
2.676.300 Janel Boyd, Amarillo. TX
1.141.650 Craig Pennell, Amarillo, TX
1,013.100 William Weller, Kallua. HI
595.700 Daniel Wibier, Santa Rosa. CA
JOKER POKER (THE RAINBOW. 3/87)
43.616,750 *Carole Rueckert, Manslield. OH
B.179.710 Brenda Kim. Alhens, OH
3.796,898 Curtis Trammel. Murphysboro. IL
2,793.285 Blain Jamieson. Kingston. Ontario
205.239 Paul Dykes, Baton Rouge. LA
JUNIOR'S REVENGE {Compulerware)
2,503,000 *Slephane Marlel. Laval. Ouebec
257,600 Keilh Cohon. Rocky Mount. NC
KARATE iDlocom Products)
31.000 *Wayne Hullord, Kincardine, Ontario
21.800 Daniel Harlmann, Osoyoos, British
Columbia
90
THE RAINBOW July 1988
SCOREBOARD
5't
54
54
54
54
51
49
14
9
56.970
37.500
26.900
20,120
^•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••*
f
f
f
f
f
f
*
f
f
*
f
45
47
8,199
6,404
5,960
5,528
1 1 ,600 Jonalhon Ross. Pocomoke City, MD
6,300 David Darting, Longlac. Ontario
KNOCK OUT (Diecom Pioductsl
162,555 *Martin Parada. Arcadia. CA
147.235 Mike LeBrun. Cornwall, Ontario
KORONIS fllFT (Epyx)
186,710 *Tony Harbin. Cullman, AL
184.180 Russell Johnson, Sarma, Ontario
1 84, 1 20 John Farrar, Lebanon, TN
174,810 Donald Cathcart. Halifax, Nova Scolia
133.990 Paul Blessing, Spring, TX
KUNG-FU DUDE (Sundog Systems)
32,000 *Tony Geitgey, University Park, PA
12,150 Cody Deegan, Fallon, NV
THE LAIR (Freebooter Software)
1 12.940 *James Walton, Piltsburgh. PA
LUNAR RESCUE (THE RAINBOW 8/87)
260,427 *Tom Beeker. Gracey, KY
259.493 Cody Deegan, Fallon, NV
255.625 John Volonlino. Marlborough, CT
246.668 Phillip Holsten. Modesto, CA
175,771 Jim Davis, Sandwich, IL
LUNAR-ROVER PATROL /Spectral Associates)
37,890 ♦ Dave Slaub, Moundsville. WV
MAGIC OF ZANTH (Compulerware;
31 *Paul Summers. Orange Park. FL
44 Matthew Smith. Courtenay. British
Columbia
Michael Green, Ware, MA
Robert Williams, Yellowknile,
Northwesl Territory
MEGA-BUG (Radio Shack)
9,016 ♦Heather Richwalski. Modlord. Wl
Eric Mellon, Newark. DE
David Hartmann, Osoyoos. British
Columbia
Mary Jensen, El Cajon, CA
Douglas Bacon, Middletown, CT
MEMOCARDS (THE RAINBOW, 8/87)
1.418 *Edward Kavanaugh. North Easton,
MA
MICROBES (Radio Shack)
153.790 ♦Jell Spiller. Smclairville. NY
MINIGOLF (THE RAINBOW. 5/86)
29 * John Guplill, Columbia, MO
MISSION: F-16 ASSAULT (Diecom Products)
468,750 *Karen Jessen, Cleveland. OH
355,570 Stirling Oell, Dundalk, Ontario
318.160 Jeremy Pruski. Sandwich, IL
144,510 Donald Cathcart. Halifax. Nova Scotia
137.920 Mike Grant. Fresno. CA
MUNCHKIN BLASTER (THE RAINBOW. 8/87)
11.950 *Jim Davis. Sandwich, IL
Gabe Emerson. Baraboo. Wl
Tom Beeker, Gracey, KY
Edward Kavanaugh. North Easton,
MA
John Weaver, Amsterdam, NY
Jacob Carpenter, Palenville, NY
Clara Smith, Courtenay, British
Columbia
ONE-ON-ONE (Radio Shack)
1,302-0 ♦ •Thomas Paylon, Anderson. SC
1,276-0 ^Jonathan Dorris. Indianapolis. IN
1 .260-0 'Brandon Reece, Chickamauga. GA
1,242-0 •William Currie, Bryans Road. MD
1.210-0 "Gregg Thompson, Chesterfield. VA
OUTHOUSE IMichTron)
38.640 *Dave Staub, Moundsville. WV
PAPER ROUTE (Diecom Products)
150.560 *Heather Hamblen, Bar Harbor, ME
PEGASUS AND THE PHANTOM RIDERS (Radio Shackl
329,000 ♦Joseph Delaney, Augusta, GA
303.100 Mike Granl, Fresno. CA
261.000 Domingo Martinez, Miami, FL
225.300 Richard Adams. Jr.. Alvarado. TX
114,100 Kreig Bryson, Woodstock. GA
PINBALL fflndiO Shnck)
1.139.450 ♦ Benoit Landry. Drummondville,
Quebec
Troy Sloll. Washington. IN
Thomas Payton, Anderson. SC
Patrick Marlel. Laval. Quebec
Thomas Payton. Anderson. SC
PITFALL II (Actlvision)
159.400 *David Cornetto. Green Bay. Wl
104,479 David Stewart, Konl, OH
PITSTOP II (Epyx)
54 *Rusly Broilbach, Rickaidsville, IA
54 ♦Jelf Coburn, Easton, PA
10,420
9,760
9,270
9,080
8.720
5.670
399.350
389.463
213.300
142.400
*Waltor Hearne, Pensacola. FL
♦ Sean Noonan. Green Bay. Wl
♦Thomas Paylon, Anderson, SC
*Jell Szczerba, Sturtevanl, Wl
*Brafl Wilson. Lilhia Springs, GA
Christian Grenier, Valleyliold, Quebec
Randy Vonable, Coal City, WV
Eric Mellon, Newark, DE
Laundre Clemon. Sacramento, CA
POPCORN (Radio Snack)
105.580 *Healher Condit, Grallon, ND
20,800 Knstopher Santos. Laurel, MD
PYRAMID (Radio Shack)
220 *Jason Ebbeling, Berkshire, MA
PYRAMID 2000 (Radio Snack)
220 ♦Oarren King, Yorkton, Saskatchewan
100 Peter Anlonacopoulos, Toa Ba)a.
Puerto Rico
PYRAMIX rCo/orVonfure)
67.850 *Richard Winkelbauer, Bronx, NY
Andy Freeman. Turtle Lake. Wl
Matthew Smith. Courtenay, British
Columbia
Todd Kopke. Glendale Heighls, IL
Lori Curran. La Porte City, IA
QUIX( Tom Mix)
8.407,772 *John Haldane, Tempe, AZ
1 ,404,000 Curtis Goodson, Sao Paulo. Brazil
1,201.383 Milan Parekh, Anaheim. CA
1.003,104 Elisa Goodson. Sao Paulo. Brazil
326.192 Martin Parada. Arcadia. CA
RADIO BALL (Radio Shack)
760.380 ♦Jake Runge. Franklin. OH
399,999 Eric Mellon, Newark, DE
RESCUE ON FRACTALUS (Epyxj
1 ,000,948 *Steven Ujvary, Calgary, Alberta
323,167 Kennelh Hill, Severna Park. MD
292,633 David Richards. Hunlinglon, WV
288,084 Donald Cathcart. Halifax. Nova Scotia
270,000 Russell Johnson. Sarnia. Onlario
RETURN OF THE JET-I (ThunderVlslon)
336,563 *Je5se Collicolt, Inman, KS
RETURN OF JUNIOR'S REVENGE (Colorwaro)
1.792,800 *Chad Presley. Luseland.
Saskatchewan
ROGUE (Epyx)
63.934 ♦ Marshall Weisenburger. Quincy, IL
43.222 Hans Lulenegger, Madison. IA
27,542 Melanie Lapoint. Fitchburg, MA
21.682 Paul Blessing, Spring. TX
17.851 Yvan Langlois, Laval, Quebec
ROLLER CONTROLLER (Spectral Associates)
35.950 *Mallhew Smith. Courtenay, British
Columbia
SANDS OF EGYPT t Radio Shack/
67 ♦ Tristan Terkuc, Richmond. Onlario
82 Edward Rocha, Cobleskill, NY
85 Paul Summers, Orange Park, FL
86 Roy Granl, Toledo. OH
87 Neil Haupl, Elyria. OH
SAUCER DEFENSE (THE RAINBOW. 4/87)
40,000 ♦ David Hartmann, Osoyoos. British
Columbia
4,000 Frankie DiGiovanni, Olney, MD
SHOCK TROOPER (Mark Dalai
78.575 ♦ Mike LeBrun. Cornwall. Ontario
SHOOTING GALLERY (Radio Shack)
27.270 ♦Jocelyn Hellyer. Montgomery, IL
20.480 Kevin Pereira. Corsicana. TX
SHOOT'N RANGE (THE RAINBOW. 8/87)
55.623 *Paul Robbins. Picayune, MS
14,702 Richard Winkelbauer, Bronx, NY
13,794 Phillip Holsten, Modesto, CA
5.433 Benoit Landry, Drummondville,
Quebec
SLAY THE NERIUS (Radio Shack)
73,091 ♦Jell Remick, Warren, Ml
SPACE ASSAULT (Radio Shack)
13,110 *Jell Remick. Warren. Ml
7,280 Jason Kopp, Downs. IL
6,200 John Weaver. Amsterdam. NY
SPEEDSTER (THE RAINBOW 8/87)
• Richard Winkelbauer. Bronx, NY
Jason Landreth. Texico. IL
Frederick Lajoie. Nova Scotia,
Canada
John Valentine. Marlborough, CT
Lisa Williamson. Watauga. TX
SPIDERCIDE (Radio Shack;
27,730 *Mike LeBrun, Cornwall, Onlario
103,140
88,090
37.970
35,040
32,110
1,840
Dave Slaub. Moundsville, WV
SPRINGSTER (Radio Shack)
303,520
♦Mavis Hartmann. Osoyoos. British
Columbia
SUPER ROOTER (THE RAINBOW. 5/86)
19.090
• Frederick Lajoie, Nova Scolia,
Canada
15.180
Richard Donnell, Penns Grove. NJ
3.910
Daniel Bradford, Birmingham, AL
TEMPLE OF ROM {Radio Shack)
604,000
♦ Troy Graham. Arnold. MD
507,700
Adam 8roughton. Morris. PA
303,600
Tim Hennon, Highland. IN
138,400
Gary Budzak. Woslerville, OH
125.200
Michelle Murray. Salem, IN
THEXDER(S
ierra On-Line)
1.314,100
♦ Frankie DiGiovanni, Olney. MD
195,000
Emmett Keyser, Napa, CA
TREASURE QUEST (THE RAINBOW, 11/86)
66,760
♦ Clara Smilh, Courtenay. British
Columbia
29.340
Matlhew Smilh, Courtenay, British
Columbia
TREKBOER (Mark Data)
123
*Roy Granl. Toledo. OH
132
Matthew Fumich. Munlord. TN
TUTS TOMB (Mark Data)
118.720
♦ Reina Roy, Carleton. Oueboc
74.780
Mack Haynes, Nice, CA
72.000
Chad Presley. Luseland.
Saskatchewan
60.020
Don Siler. Muncie. IN
45.000
Blake Cadmus. Reading, PA
VARLOC (Radio Snack)
2,032
♦Tony Harbin, Cullman. AL
2.032
♦Edward Rocha. Cobleskill, NY
2.008
Philip Puflinburger, Winchester. VA
1.995
Denise Rowan, Minneapolis. MN
1.991
Ryan Grady, Newbury Park, CA
1.988
Randall Edwards, Duniap. KS
VICIOUS VIC (THE RAINBOW, 7/86)
18.813
♦Talib Khan, Bronx. NY
11,902
Martha James. Swarlhmore. PA
10.489
Karl Gullilord, Summerville, SC
6,294
Pat O'Neill. Nepean, Onlario
4,643
Marlha James, Swarlhmore. PA
THE VORTEX FACTOR (Mark Data)
100/276
•Tommy Crouser. Dunbar, WV
100/483
Rick & Brenda Stump,
Laureldale, PA
210
Paul Maxwell, Vancouver,
British Columbia
WARP FACTOR X (Prickly-Pear)
10,577,051
♦ Doug Lute, Clymer, PA
WILDWESTf Tom Mix)
35
*Paul Summers. Orange Park, FL
WISHBRINGER (Inlocom)
400/201
*Brad Wilson, Lilhia Springs, GA
WIZARD'S DEN (Tom Mix)
195,050
*Mark Touchetle, Preslon, CT
WRESTLE MANIAC (Diecom)
956,971
♦ Marc Reiler. Cincinnati, OH
546.315
Louis Bouchard. Gatineau. Ouebec
45,483
Tony Bacon, Ml. Vernon. IN
42,105
David Brown, New Walerlord. Nova
Scolia
39.066
Billy Helmick. Independence. KY
ZAKSUND (Elite Software)
357.550
♦ Martin Parada. Arcadia. CA
268.350
Tony Bacon. Ml. Vernon, IN
44,900
Michael Adams. Columbia. SC
39,950
Waller Hearne. Pensacola, FL
ZAXXON (Dalasolt)
2.061.000
♦ Byron Allord. Raylown, MO
1.950,000
Blake Cadmus, Reading. PA
1,300.500
Dan Brown, Pitislord. NY
1,100.600
Andrew Urquhart, Metaine. LA
376,000
Mnllhow Y.HIOW-J. E.iiillitiiuplon. MA
ZEUS (Aardvark)
4,500
♦ Benoit Si-Jean. Galineau, Ouebec
3,380
Martin Kertz, Forresl City, AR
ZORK 1 (Inlocom)
350/328
♦Konnie Grant, Toledo, OH
350/587
Matlhew Yarrows, Easthamplon. MA
ZONX (THE RAINBOW. 10/85)
12.000
♦Adam Broughton, Morris. PA
— Jody Doyle
^•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••*
July 15
THE RAINBOW
91
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••1k
In conjunction with the rainbow's Scoreboard, we offer this column
of pointers for our game-playing readers' benefit. If you have some
interesting hints, tips or responses to questions, or want help yourself,
we encourage you to write to the Scoreboard, c/o the rainbow.
In response to questions from:
• Mike Snyder: In Dungeons of Daggo-
ralh, to get the iron sword and the ring
on the first level, you must kill both
blobs. To incant the ring, type I FIRE.
Vick Mishra
Newington. CT
• Sean Noonan: You need the diamond
ring hidden in the grassy meadows atop
the steps in Sea Search. You will need the
shovel for this.
• Jimmy Munroc: The thing you
stumbled over in the cavern behind the
falls in Sea Search is the shovel. Simply
type GET SHOVEL. If you haven't found
the metal detector, it's in the meadows
atop the steps.
To find the mermaid, get in the boat
and go north twice. Go into the ocean
(you must have the filled air tanks) and
give her the mirror. The mirror is found
by going east once past the steps on the
beach and digging. Any clear liquid you
find will be the shark repellant.
Imuto Kaplan
Niceville, FL
• John Anderson: In Sir Randolfofthe
Moors, type PULL CHAIN and WIPE
WALLS to reveal the exit from the pit.
There is one key that I have never been
able to find, despite mapping the entire
surrounding area. How do I get this
elusive key?
Douglas Bacon
Middletown, CT
• John Pcavy: In Culaclural Flame of
Light, you must have the amulet to get
by the spears.
How do you gel through the castle?
Mason Taylor
Cedar Falls. I A
Scoreboard:
How do you get to the fourth level in
Dungeons of Daggoraili'!
John Sprinkle
Caneler, NC
Scoreboard:
In Dallas Quest, it is almost impossible
to gel through the wheat field. When I
ask for a clue, I am told to solve the
pasture mystery. Please help.
Tommy Upton
Rossville, GA
Scoreboard:
In Sands of Egypt. I am having trouble
finding the canteen. Where is the magni-
fying glass to light the torch? How do you
get out of the pool?
Ted Klug
Fermville, Ml
Scoreboard:
In the Interbank Incident, to open the
locker at the train station in Seattle, put
a quarter in the locker and search it.
How do you open the apartment doors
and where do you get the keys? How do
you know when it's time for the video
tournament?
Lori Morrish
Toronto, Ontario
Scoreboard:
In Raaka-Tu, does the rug mean any-
thing and if it does, how do you cross it
to open the door? What do you do when
you get out of the temple through the
secret passage way?
In Pyramid 200(1, how do you find the
treasure in the maze?
Mike Abballe
Rochester, NY
Scoreboard:
In Raaka-Tu. I have gotten out, but
what do I do next?
John Malum
Cape Coral. FL
Scoreboard:
When you get to the pub in Shenan-
igans, you have to order O'Shaunasee
beer, then go W, S, W and W.
To get rid of the snake, you drop the
shamrock at the cave entrance.
When you get to the ravine in the cave,
type SAY SEAN.
I got to the rainbow, but 1 can't get
near it without the pole, and the pole
won't fit in the cave. How do I find the
trap door in the cabin'.'
Annette Clear
San Diego, CA
Scoreboard:
I have the gem, the amulet and the
circlet in Caladuril Flame of Light, but
now I am stumped. Where do I find
Sarazin so I can place the circlet on his
head?
In Wild West. I have the treasure map
from Black Bart's girlfriend, but where
do I go from there?
In Mythology, how do you distract
Atlanta so you can win the foot race and
win her hand in marriage?
Floyd Keirnan
Orange, CA
Scoreboard:
In Pyramid 2000, to gel the bird, you
must first get the statue box. To pick up
the bird you must drop the scepter. To get
a gold nugget you must go around a great
hall. To scare the serpent, throw the bird.
When you get to the plant begging for
water, how do you get the water to the
ground without breaking the vase? Is
there something to drop it on? If so,
what?
David Czarnecki
Northampton, MA
Scoreboard:
In Sir Randolf of the Moors, lype
WIPE SLIME, LOOK WALL, LOOK OUTLINE
and PULL RING to get out of the pit.
In the Interbank Incident, search the
water fountain in Rio and you will find
a ring.
In the Lighthouse Adventure, how do
you gel past the guard?
In Escape from Sparta, where do you
find the chips that give you access to the
computer?
Charles Bell
Clinton, NJ
Scoreboard:
How do you navigate the mine room
in Robot Odyssey /?
Andrew Irwin
Port Huron. Ml
To respond to other readers' inquiries
and requests for assistance, reply to
"Scoreboard Pointers," c/o THE RAIN-
BOW, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059.
We will share your reply with all "Score-
board" readers in an upcoming issue.
For greater convenience, "Scoreboard
Pointers" and requests for assistance may
also be sent to us through the MAIL
section of our Delphi CoCo SIG. From the
CoCo SIG> prompt, pick MAIL, then
type SEND and address to: EDITORS. Be
sure to include your complete name and
address.
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••"^
92
THE RAINBOW July 1988
^eatwe
64K Disk
ttS
A program enabling you to view
Mac Paint picture files on your Co Co
Get the Picture?
By Al Elmer
Although several Mai Point view-
ers are available for the CoCo
3, it is more difficult to find one
for the CoCo 2. I have written this
program specifically for the CoCo 2,
but it is compatible with the CoCo 3.
The program requires 64K Extended
Color BASIC and a disk drive to run.
With a few minor modifications that are
explained later, it will also work on
cassette-based systems, although not
too well.
First of all. what is MacPaint! Mac-
Paint is a drawing program for the
Apple Macintosh computer. Files
generated by MacPaint usually have the
extension .MAC, although .PIC and
.PNT are also common. In order to view
MacPaint picture files on your CoCo,
the problem of different screen resolu-
tions between the Macintosh and CoCo
must be solved. MacPaint (Mac for
short) pictures have a resolution of 576-
by-720 while the highest resolution of
the CoCo 2 is 256-by- 1 92. Thus only a
portion of a Mac image can be dis-
played on the CoCo's highest resolution
screen. To solve the problem, this
program allows you to scroll around the
entire Mac image by pressing the arrow
keys. Also offered is the ability to
compress the image both horizontally
and vertically by a factor of two. This
"shrink" mode is useful when you want
Al Elmer is a physics student at Mc Mas-
ter University. In his spare time he
enjoys tinkering with electronics anil
programming the CoCo, for which he
is especially interested in making graph-
ics applications.
to see a larger part of the image at once.
One drawback of shrinking the image
like this is that some detail is lost.
To load a new Mac file, press L at the
menu. You will then be prompted for a
filename. If you do not specify an
extension, .MAC will be used automat-
ically. The file will then be loaded into
memory. Once loaded, the upper left
corner of the picture will be displayed.
At this point the arrow keys can be used
to scroll around the entire Mac image.
The CLEAR key can be used to toggle
between the present display mode and
the shrink mode. This is useful if you
want to see the image from a broader
perspective. The compressed image will
begin from the same position as the
uncompressed image. Although the
arrow keys will still function in the
shrink mode, it takes much longer to
update the screen in this mode. For this
reason it is recommended that you
position the image while in the full size
display mode and then switch to the
shrink mode when you want to see the
compressed view. While in the shrink
mode, pressing the number keys I
through 4 will alter the contrast of the
image. Whenever a new file is loaded
this value is reset to 2.
Al some point you may find yourself
with a Mac file that has been shifted
horizontally, perhaps to align it with the
right-hand border of another computer
with a higher resolution screen. As a
result the left and right borders of the
image will appear to meet at some point
in the middle of your viewing area. By
pressing the SHIFT and left arrow or
SHIFT and right arrow keys, you may be
able to shift this discontinuity until it
disappears.
Pressing the space bar at any time will
return you to the menu. You can use the
space bar to toggle between the menu
and the picture. If you want to save
whatever is on the current PMDDE4
screen, you can press S at the menu. You
will be prompted for a filename, and the
graphics screen will be saved to disk as
a standard binary file. If you do not
specify an extension, .BIN will be used
automatically.
You can call up a directory by press-
ing D at the menu. After the directory
is displayed, the computer will pause for
you to press any key and then return to
the menu. To quit the program, press Q.
Ending this way is recommended; the
computer's memory will be freed up.
allowing you to load in another pro-
gram without crashing the computer.
Also, the drive head will be returned to
Track for those drives that suffer from
the "head-banging" problem.
Mac View can be used on cassette-
based systems with a few minor mod-
ifications. These mostly involve chang-
ing the device number from T to " I."
The EXEC in Line 880 should be elim-
inated, and Line 1040 should be
changed to 1040 EXEC E , -1. Of course
the usual modifications, like changing
SAVE to CSAVE and so on, should be
made. Also, the cassette files of Mac
data should be in segmented format to
work properly with this program. Al-
though cassette operation is possible, it
is not very practical due to the large size
of Mac files. Disk operation is recom-
mended. D
July 1£
THE RAINBOW
93
Editor's Note: Due to the size of Macintosh files,
we are unable to include samples on this month s
RAINBOW ON TAPE and DISK. However, several files
are available in the Graphics Database in the CoCo
S/G on Delphi. Simply download the files and save
them to disk. Then run MacView.
\y 150
snn
450
...217 590 ...
...193 870 ...
...233 END ..
232
3
63
The listing: MRCVIEU
1 'macpaint file viewer
2 ' for the coco ii
3 ' (c) al elmer
4 ' 03-11-88
10 DATA 34,1,BD,B2,23,BD
20 DATA D7,6F,30,8D,1,CA
30 DATA 8E,2,80,8D,39,30
40 DATA FA,8D,33,81,7F,2
50 DATA 97,FB,9E,F3,8D,2
60 DATA 80,8C,FE,0,24,2C
70 DATA 26,F2,9F,F3,20,E
80 DATA 97,FB,8D,12,43,9
90 DATA 80,8C,FE,0,24,14
100 DATA 26,F5,9F,F3,20,
,B3,ED
,9F,F3
,1F,26
2,17,4C
8,43, A7
,A,FB
3,40,4C
E,F3,A7
,A,FB
CB,B7,FF
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
2 60
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
3 50
3 60
370
380
390
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DATA
DE,BD,A1
DF,39,7F
F7,B7,FF
86,42,97
F,FD,35,
B7,FF,DF
DE,CC,FF
1,57, AD,
81,5E,26
A,F7,20,
96,F7,91
20,CE,81
27,CF,A,
26, A, 96,
C,F6,20,
35,81,81
86,28,97
D,FD,27,
86,2A,97
23,8E,86
81,15,26
8D,0,DD,
EF,81,83
IE, 20, 17
FF,DF,30
40,EE,83
26,F7,86
4F,81,31
34,10,22
,76,1A,50,B7,FF
,FF,40,F,F6,F
,DE,86,FE,97,FC
,77,86,28,97,76
81,34,1,1A,50
,17,0,BF,B7,FF
,FF,FD,1,55,FD
9F,A0,0,27,FA
,8,96,F7,27,E9
DC, 81, A, 2 6, A
,77,24,DB,C,F7
,8, 26, 8,96, F6
F6,20,C2,81,9
F6, 91, 76, 24, CI
B4, 81, 20, 26, 2
,C,26,22,3,FD
,76,86,42,97,77
9C, 86, 4, 97, 76
,77,96,F7,81,2A
,2A,97,F7,20,88
,17,B7,FF,DF,30
CC,65,40,EE,1
,0,1,26,F7,30
,81,5D,2 6,1A,B7
,8D,CB,41,CC,65
,EF, 1,83, 0,1
,FF,A7,1,16,FF
,10,25,FF,52,81
,FF,4C,84,7,40
4-7ECH3 oresents
1'cade
ip»
.i i«
5 5 i I H U al L. a S L
t !
, .r. -tf ..T «. &-
(£j. _ ~-&££&Jris&ZJ:'F'&-
Witto Z^SZjS? Fire contr
jiuse RTfiR! type joysticks With
your co Co. JflC comes- with
jour unique rapics fire contra!
switch, GftEftT for Pegasus &
j Z a k 2-s o n . w q r Ik s ii; i t rs majorat y
[of joystick controlled games,
i N e EJJ from 4-TEC'HS irjh ,r 5 ■""* . 5 Q
troauctory Price 52l&l«-
J-TtCHi 4-TEOHS 4-TEOH;- 4-TEOHS J-TECHS
c T O IP Save Time
t^jL±z±^A-= On Pause.
Co Co users, noun Pause any
program at the touch of a
iDuttors, then resume imhen
you're r e a <:l y „ N O W sfc | <d, .9"5
ONLV? *"
riiH|W" , w " w ' i ' | ™iiii '"''P3g»'~"#'W^:'™^^
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P.-H COVERS' EH TIP: E ORDER
' PLEASE S
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I P.U.BOH 2575
M e a- r a f i e a is , V fl
94 THE RAINBOW July 1988
2 2 Ii 1 6.
ALLOW
4-6 UJKS
OEUYEfWl
One- Liner Contest Winner . . .
Here's one for SF fans. This one-liner draws a 3-
D image on a background of stars and plays the intra
to the movie 2001.
The listing:
1 A=RND(256) :B=RND(191) :PMODE4:S
CREEN1 : PSET ( A, B) : LINE (j3 , ) - (0 , 19
1) ,PSET:LINE-(256,191) ,PSET:IFX>
254ORY>190THENPLAY"O2L2B-O3FL2 . B
-04L16DL1D-P8P4P202L2B-03FL2 . B-0
4L16DL1D-P8P4P2P102L2B-03FL2 . B-0
4L16DL1E-"ELSELINE(0,Y)-(X,191) ,
PSET : Y=Y+10 : X=X+10 : GOTOl
Kevin ./. Gross
Akron, PA
ll-m ihis winning onc-lincr contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Third Rainbow Hook of Adventures and its companion The
Third Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
400 DATA 97,FC,16,FF, 3B,86,C0, 97
410 DATA FA,96,F7,C6,48,3D,58,49
420 DATA 58, 49, 58, 49, 30, 8D, 0,88
430 DATA 30,8B,96,F6,33,86,D,FD
440 DATA 26,35,10,DF,F8,10,DE,BA
450 DATA 32, 66, 37, 36, 34, 36, 32, 6C
460 DATA 37,36, 34, 36, 32, 6C, 37, 36
470 DATA 34, 36, 32, 6C, 37, 36, 34, 36
480 DATA 32, 6C, 37, 36, 34, 36, EC, C4
490 DATA ED,66,32,6E,33,C8,2A,A
500 DATA FA,26,D7,10,DE,F8,39,9E
510 DATA BA,86,20,97,FB,86,2,97
520 DATA F3,A6,C0,97,FE,A6,C8,47
530 DATA C6,4,D7,F4,5F,48,C9,0
540 DATA 48,C9,0,8,FE,C9,0,8
550 DATA FE,D9,FC,69,84,A,F4,26
560 DATA EB,A,F3,26,DC,30,1,A
570 DATA FB,2 6,D2,3 3,C8,50,A,FA
580 DATA 2 6,C7,3 9,BE,C0,6,6F,84
590 DATA AD,9F,C0,4,7F,FF,40,39
700 PCLEAR4 : PM0DE4 : FILES 1,0
710 CLEAR 50,12689:E=12690
720 CLS: PRINT "just a sec...":C=0
730 FOR K=E TO E+471
740 READ A$:A=VAL("&H"+A$) : POKEK
,A:C=C+A
750 NEXT K
760 IF C056331 THEN PRINT"bad n
ews - this copy is no good": END
770 CLS : PRINTQ8 , "macpaint viewer
" : PRINT@47 , "by" : PRINT@76 , "al elm
er"
780 PRINT§166,"(L)oad a file"
790 PRINT@2 30," (S)ave a pmode 4
screen"
800 PRINT@294,"(D)ir"
810 PRINT@358,"(Q)uit"
820 PRINT@453, "<space> to view s
creen"
8 30 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 8 30
One-Liner Contest Winner . . .
This short program is a random graphics generator
that creates geometric patterns with DRAW strings.
The listing:
DATAU,D,L,R,E,F,G,H:F0RC=1T09:
READC$(C) :NEXT:F0RZ=1T019:S$=S$+
C$(RND(8) )+STR$(RND(4) ) :NEXTZ:PM
ODE3 , 1 : SCREEN1 , : C$=STR$ (RND ( 3 ) +
1) :DRAW"C"+C$:FORS=1TO60STEP2:FO
RA=0TO3 : DRAW"BM127 , 95 ;A"+STR$ (A)
+"S"+STR$(S)+S$:NEXTA,S:S$="":RU
N
Mike Sims
Nanuet, NY
(For Ihis winning one-liner comcsl cnlry, Ihc author has hecn scnl copies
of ho\h 7Vip Third Rainbow Rook Of A<lvi , ntiir< , \ nnd its companion Tin 1
Third Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
840 IF A$="L" THEN GOSUB 1000
850 IF A$="S" THEN GOSUB 2000
8 60 IF A$=" " THEN GOSUB 3000
870 IF A$="D" THEN CLS : DIR: EXEC4
4539 :A$=INKEY$: GOTO 770
880 IF A$="Q" THEN EXEC E+459:CL
EAR200 ,3 2000 : CLS : PRINT"»burp ! <<
" : END
890 GOTO 770
1000 CLS: INPUT "load f ilename" ;F$
1010 IF INSTR(F$,".")=0 THEN F$=
F$+".MAC"
1020 CLS: PRINT "uncrunching ";F$
1030 OPEN"I",#l,F$
1040 EXEC E,l
1050 CLOSE#l:SCREENl,l
1060 EXEC E+116
1070 RETURN
2000 CLS: INPUT "save f ilename" ;F$
2010 IF INSTR(F$,".")=0 THEN F$=
F$+".BIN"
2020 CLS: PRINT" saving pmode4 fil
e ";F$
2030 S=256*PEEK(186)+PEEK(187)
2040 SAVEM F$ , S , S+6143 , 44539
2050 RETURN
3000 SCREEN1,1
3010 EXEC E+116
3020 RETURN ^
CO
GO
y— I
z|
5
c/3
NEW FROM K-SOFT
FROGDAY AFTERNOON
It ain't easy being a Frogman, and
somebody's gotta keep the subs and
torpedos and squids off his back.
That's you!
You won't want to quit!
8 Levels - Disk only
Not Protected - Coco 3 only
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(See Feb. and March Ads in Rainbow)
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E. Wenatchee, WA 98802
CO
00
c^
\o
12
5
a.
id
NEW FROM K-SOFT
July 1988 THERAINBOW 95
I F e atur e
CoCo3
Add embedded printer commands
to Write III
By Larry E. Bates
When I saw the CoCo 3's 80-
column screen, I instantly
thought of word processors
and began to look for one thai would
use 80 columns. Everything on the
market, though, was at least $80; after
just buying a new computer, I couldn't
afford Lhat. I hen I found the April 'K7
issue of rainbow, which featured Write
III. a word processor written in h\m<
Bill Cook's program was greal for most
uses, but K didn't allow embedded
printer commands. Wiih a few < h&nj
it can compete with commereiaJ pro-
grams,
Load or type in Write ///[April '87,
Page 156], and then make the chan
shown in Listing 1. The lines are nuin-
Larry Bates is an electronic technician
who has been programming for six
year*. He and his wife have two children
who lave their dud's new ( <ii o
bered so that they will merge without
renumbering the original. To center
text, type ;CT and then your text. To
make the text elongated, type ;CE
mslead. All other printer commands
can be made by pressing the shift and
i i i ar keys, followed by the appro-
priate number below:
Underline On
2= Bold On
4= Elongate On
Bl = Italics On
I = Underline Off
3= Bold Off
5 Elongate Off
B0= Italics Off
rhese codes are for a DMP-130. II
you have another kind, JUSI change the
CHRS codes to match your printer. Once
the changes have been made, nm the
prog] am as usual.
(Questions or comments concerning
this program may be directed to the
author at 5348 Queens Ave. N E, Keizer,
OR 07303. Please enclose an SASE
when requesting a reply.) □
96
THE RAINBOW July 1988
Editor's Note: The complete modified version of
Write III will be presented on this month's RAIN-
BOW ON TA PE and DISK.
Thelistine: WRITE3+
6 ' PRINTER CODES: \J3 & \1=UNDE
RLINE ON & OFF \2 & \3=BOLD O
N & OFF
\4 & \5=ELONGATE ON & OFF
\B1 & \B0=ITALICS ON & OFF
7 • ;CT WILL CENTER A LINE OF TE
XT. ;CE WILL CENTER OF LINE OF
ELONGATED TEXT. ;LM=LEFT MAR
GIN ;RM=RIGHT MARGIN ;SP=SPACI
NG ;LP=LINES/PAGE
8 ■ ;N=NEW PAGE
9 CT$=STRING$(80,CHR$(32) )
4171 A$=L$(NO) :Z1$=" !#$%&'{)*=1
234567890 : -@+ ; ?/> . < , ABCDEFGHIJKL
MNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdef ghi j klmnopqr
stuvwxyz\" : LOCATE1 , V: ATTR1 , 1 : PRI
NTA$ ; : IFH=j3THENH=l : GOSUB3 7 ELSE
GOSUB37
50J34 LM=lp:RM=l)3:LG=8p-LM-RM:LP=
55 : PG=0 : L1=0 : SP=1 : BF=0 : B$=" ■ : LF=
0:UL=0
5021 X1=INSTR(A$,"\") : IFXl=j3THEN
5030
50-22 IF MID$(A$,X1+1,1)="0" THEN
MID$ ( A$ , XI , 2 ) =CHR$ (0 ) +CHR$ ( 15 )
ELSE IF MID$(A$,X1+1,1)="1" THEN
MID$ ( A$ , XI , 2 ) =CHR$ (0 ) +CHR$ ( 14 )
1 UNDERLINE ON & OFF
5023 IF MID$(A$,X1+1,1)="4" THEN
MID$(A$,X1,2)=CHR$(27)+CHR$(14)
ELSE IF MID$(A$,X1+1,1)="5" THE
N MID$(A$,X1,2)=CHR$(27)+CHR$(15
) • ELONGATE ON & OFF
5024 IF MID$(A$ / X1+1,1)="2" THEN
MID$ (A$ , XI , 2 ) =CHR$ ( 27 ) +CHR$ (31)
ELSE IF MID$(A$,X1+1 / 1)="3" THE
N MID$(A$,X1,2)=CHR$(27)+CHR$(32
) ' BOLD ON AND OFF
5025 IF MID$(A$,X1+1,1)="B" THEN
MID$(A$,X1,1)=CHR$(27) ' ITALIC
S ON & OFF
5029 GOTO5021
5057 IF LEN(B$)>LG THEN A$=B$ : B$
="" :GOTO5030
5555 X=INSTR(A$," ;CL") : IF X=0THE
N 5560
5556 IFLEN(A$)-3>=LG THENA$=MID$
(A$,4) :GOTO5030 ELSE C=(LG-LEN(A
$) +4 ) /2 : A$=MID$ ( CT$ , 1 , C) +MID$ ( A$
,4) :GOTO5030
5560 X=INSTR(A$," ;CE") : IF X=0THE
N5570
5561 IF LEN(A$)-3>=LG/2 THENA$=M
ID$(A$,4) :GOTO5030
/R\
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July n
THE RAINBOW
97
t's the July issue again, and do you
know what that means? Yes, it's our
birthday! And as usual when it's our
birthday, we give you a present. This
year it's a mobile to hang in your com-
puter corner — a CoCo Mobile, starring
our favorite feline, CoCo Cat.
It's easy to assemble. Just cut
out the seven items and punch
small holes where indicated. Use an
X-acto knife for cutting out the
figures if you're not very handy with
scissors, because extracting CoCo
Cat from the page requires some delicate
surgery. You don't need to cut out inner
spaces, like the area inside CoCo Cat's
arms or inside Maxwell Mouse's tai
doing so might disturb the balance and
give you a lopsided mobile - - very
embarrassing.
You'll need six pieces of string to
tie it all together: a 7-inch, a 4-inch,
a VA- inch, a 2'/2-inch, and two 6-inch
pieces. Use the 4-inch piece to connect
CoCo Cat to the leftmost hole in the
RAINBOW header. The 7-inch piece
connects the disk drive to the header's
second hole; the 2!^-inch and one of the
6-inch pieces connect the two disks to
the drive. Maxwell Mouse connects to
the third hole with the 3!4-inch piece,
and the CoCo connects to the fourth and
final hole with the 6-inch piece of string.
THE COLOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
98
THE RAINBOW July 1988
Mak i n s -t »-.
MicroWorld
1
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Drive (NEW)
Specia
I $139
$235
CM-8 Monitor
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I $239
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Mouse
Joysticks (pair)
$40
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Disk storage box (50)
CCR-81 Cass. Rec.
$12.50
$42
Disks (SS)
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$7.00/box
$7.50/box
includes free library case
DMP-106 Special Offer $159
DMP-130A (120 CPS) $265
DMP-440 $545
Tandy 1000 HX
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CM-5 Monitor
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$ 99
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OS-9 Level 2
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Mi n imum Order $1 5 .00
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HAtNgOw
9m
The first in a series of tutorials for the beginner
to intermediate machine language programmer
Machine Language Made BASIC
Part I: General Math
By William P. Nee
When 1 first started to learn machine language,
setting up graphics seemed like a very complicated
procedure. All those VDGs and SAMs were really
discouraging. But then I realized that when you type in
commands such as PM0DE 4 or PCLS 2 or SCREEN 1,1, the
computer must do something with those commands and
numbers.
Why not find those same routines in ROM so you can just
enter, lor example, the PP10DE numbers you want and then
let the computer do all the work of setting the VDGs and
SAMs? This series of articles is the result of several months
of studying ROM routines to see where you can enter them,
and it should help to make machine language programming
a little more BASIC. These programs have been assembled
with the EDTASM+ cartridge.
In the next 13 articles, we'll use machine language for basic
math functions: RND, PRINT, PRINT USING, PMODE, P5ET,
LINE, PLAY, etc. We'll make a "dump" program for a seven-
dot printer, create music with six voices and wind up with
a 3-D rotation program that includes perspective. Most of
the machine language programs will have either an explana-
tion or a BASIC program listing for comparison.
Many of these programs are written forease of understand-
ing rather than for maximum speed. You will find places
where you can cut down on the number of commands and
refine the program. Just be sure you understand how the
whole program works before modifying it. Thanks to Adrian
Kolik for debugging the programs and proofreading and
assembling the articles.
Machine language is not a complicated language, just
different. Commands arc written in an abbreviated format
such as LD for Load, ST for Store, SUB for Subtract, etc. Most
numbers are written in Hex format, using the numerical Base
16; however, EDTASM+ lets us use the more familiar Base
10, which we will be using in most of the programs. The S
prefix will indicate an address or location in Hex; #$ indicates
a Hex number; # indicates a Base 10 number.
Bill Nee reversed the "snowbird" trend by retiring to
Wisconsin from a banking career in Florida. He spends the
long, cold winters writing programs for his Co Co.
All examples and methods are based on using EDTASM+.
Be sure the computer is turned off before inserting the
cartridge. Examples will usually originate (ORG) at Hex
Location $3000 for compatability with either a 16K or 32K
computer. Each example will end with SWI, although to avoid
the End Error message, you may add an extra line by pressing
TAB, typing END, pressing TAB again and typing START. If you
do, the line after the ORG line should begin with something
like START. Any listing you want to save on tape should have
END START as the last line of the program.
The following examples will show how to add, subtract,
multiply, and divide using machine language.
Example I: Put the number 5 into Register A. Store the
contents of Register A in Location SD0. Increase the contents
of Location SD0 by 1. Load Register A with the contents of
Location SD0. To put the program into memory, type A' I IV
AO and let the program list to check for any errors; press Z
to go to ZBUG, then type G3000. To check the result, press
R to examine the registers. Register A now contains 6. The
command INC can be used to add the number I to registers
A, B or a memory location.
Example 1 A: In this example, we load Register A with the
number 5 and add to Register A (ADDA) the number 4. After
running the program, examine the registers to see the result
of 9 in Register A.
Example 2: This time the DEC command is used. The results
show that DEC can be used to subtract the number I from
registers A, B or a memory location. The commands INC and
DEC are useful for the counting portion of your programs;
however, most math problems are a little more complicated
than I + I.
Example 2A: The SUB command will subtract a number
from Register A or Register B. In many cases, however, both
registers A and B may contain numbers we need to use later.
The next six examples illustrate how to add, subtract, and
multiply these two registers together.
Example 3: Load registers A and B with different numbers,
save Register B in the S stack (PSHS B), add to Register A
the contents of the S stack and increase the S stack pointer
by 1 back to its original location (ADDA ,S+). When we look
at Register A we see that it contains F instead of 15. This
100
THE RAINBOW July 1988
is the computer's way of displaying numbers in Base 16, or
Hex. In Base 16, I0=A, 11=B, 12=C, 13=D, 14=E, 15=Fand
16=10. So our answer of "F" is correct.
Example 4: The same procedure is used to subtract Register
B from Register A.
Example 5: Another subtraction problem, but now when
we look at Register A we see FB, not -5. The computer
doesn't recognize negative numbers, it merely counts
backwards from zero. The highest number that can be put
into registers A or B is 255, or #$FF. Counting backwards
from zero in Base 16 you, get #$FF, #$FE, #$FD, #$FC,
#SFB, #$FA, etc. The fifth number counting backwards from
zero is #SFB, so -5=#SFB.
Wait a minute - isn't #SFB also a positive number? Yes,
in Base 10 it is(F*I6)+B, or (15*I6)+1 1=251. How does the
computer - - or operator — know which number is correct?
In most math operations the computer will use "signed"
numbers. If the left-most bit of an 8- or 16-bit number written
in Base 2 is a 1, the number is considered to be negative; if
it is a zero, the number is positive. So in registers A or B,
numbers that appear to be greater than 127 may actually be
negative numbers for math purposes.
In Example 5 our answer was #$FB. Since #$FB is greater
than 127, we know the answer is actually a negative number.
To use the "signed number check" you must convert #SFB
in Hex to 1 1 1 1 101 1 in Base 2. (An easy way to convert Hex
numbers to the Base 2 is to convert one Hex digit at a time.
#SF equals 15. or 1 1 1 1 in the Base 2; #$B equals 1 1 or 101 1
in the Base 2, so #SFB=I 1 1 1 101 1.)
To prove that ffSFB as a "signed" number is the same as
-5, use the "Two's Compliment" procedure. Write the
number in Base 2, reverse all the 0s to Is and all the Is to
0s, then add 1 . 1 n doing so, 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 becomes 00000 1 00, and
adding 1 gives us a result of 00000101. This equals 5, so our
answer is -5!
Example 6: This time we loaded registers A and B each
with a number and used MUL to multiply them. Since the result
could be greater than the space available in just one register,
we must read registers A and B together all as one number.
Registers A and B together are called Register D, although
the D does not appear on the screen. Examine Register D
(A and B) to find the answer S32, which is 3*16+2, or 50.
Example 7: In this example, we have to read all of Register
D to find an answer of $2710, which is (2*16)**3 + (7*16)**2
+ 1*16 + 0, or 10000. (** is used here as a symbol for
exponential.)
Example 8: Before we check the answer, an important
point to remember is that MUL does not use "signed" numbers.
So when we try to put in -100 or #S9C, the computer uses
#$9C=156 and multiplies that by 100. The answer of Hex
3CF0 in Register D is 15600. Even larger numbers can be
multiplied by using a ROM subroutine at Address S9FB5.
Example 9: Load Register D with a Hex number and
Register X with another Hex number. Jumping to the
subroutine at S9FB5 (JSR S9FB5) will put the product of
Register D times Register X in Register Y and Register U.
If we read Register Y and Register U together, the product
is S06260060. You can check the result this time by converting
the answer to the Base 10. Does this subroutine work with
negative numbers?
So far, we've been working only with whole numbers, but
that rarely occurs in math. The computer has two locations
where it stores numbers up to nine digits long, including
positive and negative numbers. These locations are called
Floating Point Accumulator 1 and 2, or FPI and FP2. To
Example 1
Example 1A
Example 2
1
ORG $3000
DRG
$3000
ORG $3000
LDA 05
LDfl
05
LDfl «5
STA $D0
ADDA
04
STfl $D0
INC $D0
SWI
DEC $D0
LDfl $D0
LDfl $D0
SWI
SWI
Example 2A
Example 3
Example 4
ORG $3000
ORG
$3000
ORG $3000
LDfl 05
LDfl
010
LDfl 010
SUBfl 04
LDB
05
LDB 05
SWI
PSHS
B
PSHS B
ADDA
,s+
SUBA ,S+
SWI
SWI
Example 5
Example 6
Example 7
ORG $3000
DRG
$3000
DRG $3000
LDfl 05
LDfl
05
LDfl 0100
LDB 010
LDB
010
LDB 0100
PSHS B
MUL
MUL
SUBfl ,S+
SWI
SWI
SWI
Example 8
Example 9
DRG $3000
ORG $3000
LDfl 0-100
LDD 0$1234
LDB 0100
LDX 0$5G7B
MUL
JSR $9FB5
SWI
SWI
get a "signed" number from Register D to FPI, use the ROM
routine at Address SB4F4; to get a number from FPI back
to Register D, use the routine at SB3ED. Remember, Register
D can only hold a whole number.
Certain numbers already stored in the computer's memory
that are used to perform internal calculations and their
locations are:
Number
Location
-0.50
S843C
0.25
SBFC2
0.50
SBEC0
1.00
SBAC5
10.00
SBB7D
Each number is five bytes long and is in floating point format.
To handle internal calculations, the computer has five
ROM routines that add. subtract, multiply, or divide. The
July 19B8 THE RAINBOW 101
■w:
!?J
I i l
H
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DeskMate 3 is an integrated pro-
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merge, and block select, copy and
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formatting. Index Cards filing
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CM-8 high-resolution monitor
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create incredibly detailed charts
and graphs, make engineering
drawings in vivid colors, or form
simple sketches. Choose 160 X 192
or 320 X 192-resolution with 16
colors, or display 640 x 192 graph-
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language commands let you alter-
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grounds at a higher resolution,
and you ca_n choose from a palette
of 64 colors.
Come in today!
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Radio Shack
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symbol X means "the number at Location X." These routines
are:
Function
Address
FPI=(X)+FPI
SB9C2
FP1=(X)-FP1
SB9B9
FPI=(X)*FPI
SBACA
FP1=(X)/FP1
SBB8F
FPI = FP2/(X)
SBB88
Example 10: Load Register D with the number 6, put that
in FP1 (JSR SB4F4); load Register X with the location of
the number 10 (LDX #$BB7D), add the number at the
location in Register X to FPI (JSR SB9C2). Transfer the
result back to Register D (JSR SB3ED). Examine the register
to find Register D is Hex 10, or 16.
Example II: Use the routine at SB9B9 to subtract FPI
from the number at the location in Register X.
Example 12: The routine at SBACA is used to multiply the
number at the location in Register X by FPI. The answer
of3Cin Register D is 60.
Example 13: The routine at SBB8F divides the number at
the location in Register X by FPL Since Register D can only
hold whole numbers, it shows a I. The complete answer is
in FPI, so we need a routine to display the entire answer
instead of rounding it off to Register D. By using a
combination of ROM routines, we can display the complete
answer, including negative numbers, up to nine digits.
(Putting a number back into Register D will lose the number
in FPL)
Example 13 A: Type and run this example to see the entire
Lxample 10
Example 11
Example 12
ORG $3000
LDD BG
JSR $B4F4
LDX BSBB7D
JSR SB9C2
JSR $B3ED
SWI
ORG $3000
LDD BG
JSR $B4F4
LDX B$BB7D
JSR $B9B9
JSR $B3ED
SWI
ORG $3000
LDD BG
JSR $B4F4
LDX B$BB7D
JSR SBflCA
JSR $B3ED
SWI
Example 13
Example 13 A
ORG $3000
LDD BG
JSR $B4F4
LDX B$BB7D
JSR $BBBF
JSR $B3ED
SWI
ORG $3000
LDD BG
JSR $B4F4
LDX tt$BB7D
JSR $BBBF
JSR $BDD9
LEflX -1,X
JSR B99C
JSR $B95B
SWI
It's fun making your own Greeting Cards, Signs, and Banners.
Coco
Graphics
Designer
Only $29.95
The Coco Graphics Designer pro-
duces beaulilul Greeting Cards,
Banners, and Signs for holidays,
birthdays and other occasions.
The program features picture,
border, and character font editors,
so that you can modify or expand
the already built in libraries. Plus
a special "grabber" utility is includ-
ed to capture areas of high resolu-
tion screens for your picture li-
brary.
Requirements: a Coco I, II or III
with at least 32 K, one disk drive,
BASIC 1.0/1.1, ADOS 1.0/1.1 or
JDOS. Printers supported include:
Epson RX7FX, Gemini 10X, SG10,
NX10, DM P 100/105/110/130/430
CGP220, many Okidata (check
with Zebra), Seikosha GP100/250,
Gorilla Banana, Legend 808. Or-
der #C323 Coco Graphics De-
signer
Picture Disk #1
This supplementary picture library
diskette contains over one hun-
dred additional pictures.
SC333 Picture Disk #1 $14.95
Colored Paper Packs
150 sheets (50 each red, yellow,
blue) with 60 matching envelopes.
Perfect for making your produc-
tions outstanding.
#C274 Paper Pack $19.95
Three New
Picture Disks
We've hired freelance prolessional art-
ists lo expand the selection ol pictures,
and lonls available lor our Coco Graphics
Designer. We think you'll agree that the
quailily ol their work is excellent. Each
picture disk contains 128 pictures.
The selection of pictures has been guid-
ed by Ihe requests we've received Irom
our many Coco Grahics Designer custom-
ers. II we've missed drawing pictures lor
subjects that inlerest you, please submit
your requests lor our consideration.
Picture Disk #2 $14.95
Special Occasions:
Party Hat, Cake, Gilt
Box, Champaigne, Juke
Box, Saxaphone, etc.
Sports: Baseball, Basketball,
Tennis, Running, etc.
Office: Compuler, File Cabinet,
Memo Pad, Clip Board,
etc,
American: Flag, Eagle, Astronaut,
Indian, Liberty Bell, etc.
Picture Disk #3 $14.95
Religion: Church, Cross, Candles,
Menorah, Bible, Slar, elc.
Animals: Dogs, Cats, Tiger, Cow,
Giraffe, Birds, Elephant,
Turtle, Pig, Horse, etc.
Nature: Flowers, Trees, Sunsets,
Mountains, Lakes, etc.
Travel: Car, Bus, Airplane, Taxi,
Gas Pump, Tickets, etc.
Picture Disk #4 $14.95
Includes these holidays and others...
Christmas: Trse, Star, Wreath, etc.
Easter: Egg, Bunny, Lillies, elc.
New Years: Calendar, Fireworks
Chanukah: Menorah, Slar, etc.
Holloween: Pumpkin, Witch, elc.
Independence Day: Liberty Bell, Indepen-
dence Hall, Fireworks, etc.
Presidents Day: Linclon, Washington, elc
Ground Hog Day. Ground Hog, Etc.
Two New
Font Disks
Font Disk A $14.95
Contains 10 Fonts
Font Disk B $14.95
Contains 10 Fonts
NOTE: Our WICO Trackballs and Coco
Car Sign Designer are slill available. See
our ad in Ibfl previous issue ol Baiofeaft—
Ordering Instructions: All or-
ders add $3.00 Shipping & Han
dling. UPS COD add $3.00
VISA/MC Accepted. NY resi-
dents add sales tax.
Zebra Systems, Inc.
78-06 Jamaica Ave.
Woodhaven, NY1142I
(718) 296-2385
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 105
answer displayed with all nine digits (and in the Base 10). The
following routines are used in this example:
Function Address
Transfer FPI to a buffer at $3DA SBDD9
Decrease location for sign LEAX -1,X
Print buffer contents SB99C
Print a carriage return SB958
The main FP routines are:
The SB4F4 routine is used in most function commands.
Once a number is in FPI, you can jump to the routine for
any of the following:
Function
Address
Transfer FPI to FP2
(and FPI)
$BC5F
Transfer FP2 TO FP
(and FP2)
$BC4A
Register B (-128 to +
27) to FPI
$BC7C
Register B (-128 to +
27) + FPI
$BD99
Register D (-32768 tc
+32767) to FPI
$B4F4
(X) to FPI
$BC14
(X) to FP2
$BB2F
FPI to(X)
$BC35
I0*FP1
$BB6A
-1*FP1
$BEE9
FPI/10
$BB82
FP2/FP1
$BB9I
Some other numbers stored in the computer's men
Number
Location
-32768
SB3DF
Pl/2
S83AB
2*P1
SBFBD or
$BFE1
SQR(2)/2
$8432
SQR(2)
$8437
LOG(2)
$8441
Function
Location
SIN
$BF78
COS
$8378
TAN
$8381
SQR
$8480
EXP
$84F2
LOG
$8446
RND
$BFIF
INT
$BCCE
You can print the results in FPI or use the routine at $B3ED
to put the results back in Register D, but only as a whole
number. For practice, develop a machine language program
that will print the SIN of any angle you load into Register
D. Remember, angles must be converted to radians, since
trigonometric functions in the Color Computer are in
radians. (Hint: one degree = 2*PI/360 radians.)
Now for our comparison programs. Both will perform a
sort of numbers and graphics from screen locations &H400
to &H5FF You may want to time each program. Is there a
difference in the random portion? Is there much difference
in the sorting portion? We will review these programs in the
next article. Meanwhile, try making up your own programs
using the ROM routines we've discussed.
(Questions or comments concerning this tutorial may be
directed to the author at Route 2. Box 216C, Mason. Wl
54856-9302. Please enclose an SASE when requesting a
reply.) □
Listing 1: SORTBAS
250 IF A<=B THEN 300
110 CLS
270 TEMP=A:A=B:B=TEMP
120 FOR X=&H400 TO &H5FF
280 POKE X,A:POKE X+1,B
130 POKE X,RND(255)
290 FLAG=0
180 NEXT
300 NEXT
200 FLAG=1
320 IF FLAG=0 THEN 200
220 FOR X=&H400 TO &H5FE
340 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 340
230 A=PEEK(X) :B=PEEK(X+1)
370 END
Introducing the FOCUS™ software system tor 0S-9™ Level II— serious business for your CoCo3!
FOCUS Applications Hub
A multi-tasking i /multi user systems of I/O functions
and utilities which features:
• Two level menu system with company code
and access code protection.
• Unique filing, sorting, searching and record
locking routines.
• Works with most printers, floppy/hard
drives and terminals.
• Similar keys and screen formats for all
FOCUS-MATE programs.
• Routines for file maintenance, data backup
and setup.
• Context-sensitive help screens.
FOCUS-MATE Correspondence
Module
An integrated Text Editor, Text Formatter and
Mailing List Database:
• Import text or database files for mail merge
facilities.
• Control all printer functions, change
formats anywhere in text, save formats.
• Preview final text on screen.
• Print with left, right, full or centered
justification, tabs, auto headers/footers,
page numbering and dictionary lookup.
• Multiple text column capability.
FOCUS-MATE General Ledger Module
A sophisticated General Ledger package for small
business.
• All features integrate with other
FOCUS-MATE modules.
• Number of accounts and transactions
limited only by disk space.
• Auto balance checking, flexible period and
year-end procedures, profit/cost center
consolidated ledger and batching
capabilities.
• Reports: Balance Sheet, Trial Balance, P&L
Statement, Transaction Journal,
Transaction Aging.
0S-9 Programmers: FOCUS is a great tool-box for system developers!
with purchase of 0S-9 Level II and FOCUS, boot lile is tree, multi-task on 128K! 0S-9 Level II $64.95
Now
r7» r->. «nniQihSi *wn ^ Add S3.00 tor shipping/handling
TERMS: COD, Money Order, Cashiers checks. Allow 2
weeks tor personal check to clear. Sony no MC/VISA
Hours: 10:00 to 6:00 MST. Tues.-Sat.
. Sys. Req.: CoCo3. OS-9 Level II, 360K disk drive. 80 col. display ' OS-9 is a trademark ol Microware and Motorola Inc.
FOCUS
Correspondence Module
General Ledger Module
FOCUS Technical Manual
49.95
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19.95
39.95
39.95
15.95
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Data Systems
4500 19th St. #530
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(303) 440-4767
106
THE RAINBOW July 1988
Listing 2:
5DRTBIN
3JW
00100
ORG
$3000
3000 BD
A928
00110
START
JSR
$A928
110
CLS
3003 108E 0A00
00120
LDY
#$400
120
FOR X=&H400 TO &H5FF
3007 CC
00FF
00130
LOOP1
LDD
#255
130
POKE X,RND(255)
300A BD
B4F4
00140
JSR
$B4F4
300D BD
BF1F
00150
JSR
$BF1F
301? BD
B3ED
00160
JSR
$B3ED
3013 E7
A0
00170
STB
.Y+
3015 108
C 05FF
00180
CMPY
#$5FF
180
NEXT
3019 23
EC
00190
BLS
LOOP1
301B 86
J»l
00200
SORT
LDA
#1
200
FLAG=1
301D B7
3040
00210
STA
FLAG
3020 8E
0400
00220
LDX
#$400
220
FOR X=&H400 TO &H5FE
3023 EC
80
00230
LOOP2
LDD
,x+
230
A=PEEK(X) : B=PEEK(X+1)
3025 34
04
00240
PSHS
B
3027 Al
E0
00250
CMPA
,S+
250
IF A<=B THEN 300
3029 23
97
00260
BLS
CONT
302B IE
89
00270
EXG
A,B
270
TEMP=A:A=B:B=TEMP
302D ED
IF
00280
STD
-1,X
280
POKE X, A: POKE X+l.B
302F 7F
3040
00290
CLR
FLAG
290
FLAG=0
3032 8C
05FE
00300
CONT
CHPX
#$5FE
300
NEXT
3035 23
EC
00310
BLS
LOOP2
3037 7D
3040
00320
TST
FLAG
320
IF FLAG=0 THEN 200
303A 27
DF
00330
BEQ
SORT
303C BD
ADFB
00340
JSR
$ADFB
340 A$=INKEY$:IF A$="" THEN 340
303F 3F
00350
SWI
3040
00360
FLAG
RMB
1
3000
00370
END
START
370
END
00000 TOTAL ERRORS
/»
Hardware
Special
Communications
Package
300/1200 baud Fully Hayes
compatible
Modern - 1 Year Warranty
$109.00
[Modem S. Cable]
300/1200/2400 baud
Fully Hayes
Compatible Modem - CCITT
1 Year Warranty
$1 79.00
(Modem & Cable]
THE OTHER GUYS CoCo
55 North Mam Street
Suite 301-D
PO Box H
Logan Utah B43S1
Software
'KEEP-TRAK' General Ledger Reg. 569.95— Only S39.95
"Double-Entry" General Ledger Accounting System for home or business: 16k,
32k, 64k. User-friendly, menu-driven. Program features: balance sheet, income S
expense statement [current & 'YTD'], journal, ledger, 899 accounts [ 2350 entries on
32k S 64k [7 1 accounts S entries on 1 6k] [disk only). Version 1 .2 has screen printouts.
Rainbow Review 1 1 - 9/84 : 1 .2-4/85
"OMEGA FILE" Reg. S69.95— ONLY 524.95
Rling data base. Rle any information with Omega Rle. Records can have up to 16 fields
with 255 characters per field [4080 characters/record). Sort, match & print any field.
User friendly menu driven. Manual included [32k/64k disk only).
Rainbow Review 3/85. Hot CoCo 1 0/85
BOB'S MAGIC GRAPHIC MACHINE
Can generate BASIC code to use in your programs. Easy drawing and manipulation of
circles, elipses, boxes, lines and ARCS. Single |Oystick operation with on line HELPS at all
times. Allows text on the graphics screen S movement of obiects on the screen. Can be
used as a stand-alone graphics editor. Instruction Manual GRAPHICS EDITOR. REG.
S39.95— ONLY S24.95 for disk or tape. 64k ECB.
Rainbow Review 7/85. Hot CoCo 9/85 "The graphics bargain of the year"
'KEEP-TRAK' Accounts Receivable.
Features: auto interest calculation, auto ageing of accounts, installment sales, total due
sales, explanation space as long as you need, detailed statements. 'KEEP-TRAK' General
Ledger tie in, account number checking, credit limit checking & more. User fnendly/menu
driven. Includes manual. S39.95 or $49.95 General Ledger & Accounts Receivables.
[Disk Only] 'COCO WINDOWS'
With hi-res character display and window generator. Features an enhanced key board
[klicks) and 1 programmable function keys. Allows the user to create multiple windows
from basic. Includes menu driven printer setup and auto line numbering. Four function
calculator, with memory. The above options can be called anytime while running or writing
in BASIC. APPLE PULL YOUR DRAPES. YOU DON'T WANT TO SEE THIS. 524.95 [disk
or tape] includes manual.
C801) 753-7B20
(SQQ) 94S-94QS
ssas
[Add S3. DO for postage & handling]
C.O.D., Money Order, Check in U.S. Funds (Please specify if J&M
controller]
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 107
T & D SUBSCRIPTION SOFTWARE CELEBRATES 6 YEARS
ISSUE #1, JULY 1982
ISSUE #7, JAN. 1983
ISSUE #13, JULY 1983
ISSUE #19, JAN. 1984
ISSUE #25, JULY 1984
ISSUE #31, JAN. 1985
COVER 1
NEW YEARS COVER
THIRTEENTH COVER
BANNER
CLOCK
TREASURES OF BARSOOM
RACE TRACK
LIST ENHANCER
FLASH CARD
PROBE
COCO TECHNICAL LOOK PT.3
BATTLEGROUND
HANGMAN
SUPER PRECISION DIV.
ICE BLOCK
DISK DIR. PROTECTOR
SKID ROW ADVENTURE
STRUCT. COMPILED LANG.
MUSIC ALBUM
BOMB DIFFUSE
COSMIC FORTRESS
OPTICAL CONFUSION
MONEY MAKER
MINIATURE GOLF
LIFE EXPECTANCY
SPACE STATION
MAIL LIST
WORD PROCESSOR
PIN-HEAD CLEANING
STAR DUEL
WORD TESTS
ML TUTORIAL PT 2
DOLLARS & CENTS
WORD SEARCH
LINE EDITOR INST
ARITHMETIC FOOTBALL
KILLER MANSION
SHOOT OUT
ML TUTORIAL PT.8
ASTRONAUT RESCUE
LINE EDITOR
GRID RUN
BARTENDER
FIND UTILITY
SDSK COPY
STAR TRAP
BOOMERANG
SPIRAL ATTACK
CALENDAR
CYBORG INS.
MUSIC SYNTHESIZER
PIE CHART
BUBBLE BUSTER
FAST SORT
ROBOT WAR
CYBORG FACES
CRAWLER
FORCE FIELD
R0C0CHE1
MUNCHMAN
ISSUE #2, AUG. 1982
ISSUE #8. FEB.. 1983
ISSUE #14, AUG. 1983
ISSUE #20, FEB. 1984
ISSUE #26, AUG. 1984
ISSUE #32, FEB. 1985
UFO COVER PT 1
COVER 8
MYSTERY COVER
INTRODUCTION
PEEK POKE & EXECUTE
DR SIGMUND
BIORYTHM
OEFEND
ROW BOAT
HINTS FOR YOUR COCO
SAUCER RESCUE
ICE WORLD ADVENTURE
BOMBARDMENT
3 DIMENSIONAL MAZE
COMPUTER TUTL PT 1
ESCAPE ADVENTURE
YOUNG TYPER TUTOR
LOTTERY ANALYST
BLACK JACK
COCO CONCENTRATION
INDEX DATA BASE
SEEKERS
0-TEL-O
BASIC COMPILER
COST OF LIVING
AUTO LINE NUMBERING
DISK ZAPPER
MASTER BRAIN
OLYMPIC EVENTS
MUSIC CREATOR
FRENZY
ML TUTORIAL PT.3A
COCO-MONITOR
LIST CONTROLLER
DOUBLE DICE
MEANIE PATROL
BUSINESS LETTER
ML TUTORIAL PT.3B
COCO-ARTIST
DISKETTE CERTIFIER
COCO DATABASE
TRI COLOR CARDS
OUICK THINK
NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
ROBOT COMMAND
ROM COPY
BATTLE STAR
SHAPE RECOGNITION
QUEST INSTRUCTIONS
DUAL BARRIER
TEST SCREEN PRINT
BASIC RAM
COCO-PIN BALL
DISK BACKUP
QUEST FOR LENORE
BRICKS
HIGH RESOLUTION TEXT
SNAFUS
MONTEZUMAS DUNGEONS
SPACE PROTECTOR
ISSUE #3, SEPT. 1982
ISSUE #9, MARCH 1983
ISSUE #15, SEPT. 1983
ISSUE #21, MAR. 1984
ISSUE #27, SEPT. 1984
ISSUE #33, MAR. 1985
UFO COVER PT.2
TIME MACHINE COVER
MYSTERY COVER PT 2
BASIC CONVERSIONS
COCO TO COM 64
LIGHT CYCLE
BASKETBALL
TRIG DEMO
GOLD VALUES
FINANCIAL ADVISE
GALACTIC SMUGGLER
PAINT
CHUCKLUCK
PYRAMID OF CHEOPS
TREK INSTRUCTIONS
CASTLE STORM
INDY RACE
SKEET SHOOTING
SLOT MACHINE
PROGRAM PACKER
TREK
DOS HEAD CLEANER
ACCOUNT MANAGER
GUITAR NOTES
_
ALPHABETIZER
NFI PREDICTIONS
FLAG CAPTURE
ROBOT BOMBER
ISSUE #4. OCT. 1982
UFO RESCUE
TANK BATTLE
DRIVEWAY
SOUNDS
BALLOON DROP
MIND GOGGLE
COCO-TERRESTRIAL ADV
CALORIE COUNTER
JACK-O-LANTERN
ISSUE #5, NOV. 1982
CATALOG COVER
BOWLING
PROGRAM INVENTORY
PROMISSORY-LOANS
CHECKBOOK BALANCER
TRIGONOMETRY TUTOR
CONVOY
BAG it
SPECTRA SOUND
CONVEYOR BELT
ISSUE #6, DEC. 1982
CHRISTMAS COVER
RAINDROPS
STOCK MARKET
ADVANCE PONG
DESTROY
SOUND ANALYZER
CREATIVITY TEST
VOICE DATA
ML TUTORIAL PT 1
LOONY LANDER
BUDGET
ELECTRONIC DATE BOOK
ML TUTORIAL PT.4
TAPE DIRECTORY
BLOCK-STIR
COCO ADDING MACHINE
ISSUE #10, APRIL 1983
TENTH COVER
PYRAMID OF DANGER
TYPING TUTOR
ML TUTORIAL PT.5
TINYCALC
STOCK MARKET COMP
YAH-HOO
MISSILE ATTACK
SCREEN PRINT
BRIKPONG
ISSUE #11, MAY 1983
ELEVENTH COVER
ARCHERY
FROG JUMP
ML TUTORIAL PT.6
MLT DICTIONARY
BASIC SPEED UP TOT
METRIC CONVERTOR
GRAPHIC OUAD ANTENNA
GRAPHICS PROGRAM
CATERPILLAR CAVE
ISSUE #12, JUNE 1983
TWELFTH COVER
SHOOTING GALLERY
BOMB STOPPER
VALLEY BOMBER
STAR FIGHTER
WHEEL OF FORTUNE
ML TUTORIAL PT.7
MERGE UTILITY
RAM TEST
LANDER
HIGH TEXT MODIFICATION
ASTRO DODGE
DR. COCO
PEG JUMP
MORSE CODE
PURGE UTILITY
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1 F e atur e
A program to help you keep track of
voting at this year's political
conventions
y T" npack the bunting, inflate the balloons, shred the confetti
m I and rehearse the music for "Happy Days Are Here Again "
^^/ and "Hail to the Chief"! Post the No Vacancy signs, tidy
the public areas and lower the air conditioner thermostats! Atlanta
and New Orleans are checking off these and countless other items
on their things-to-do lists as the Democratic and Republican
National Conventions head south.
Amid the hype and hoopla — not to mention the fun of watching
convention delegates from across the United States and its
territories and possessions revert to silly behavior they probably
haven't practiced since they were teenagers — Americans will
gather in front of their television sets to witness that quadrennial
rite of presidential politics: choosing the nominees. This convention
season promises to be the most exciting one in years, with the
identity of at least one of the nominees, as well as both running
males, still uncertain as we go to press.
In anticipation of the Democrats' meeting July 18th through 2 1st
and the Republicans' from the 1 5th until the 1 8th of August, THE
RAINBOW is pleased to present Leonard Hyre's program Conven-
tion. We think you'll find it not only an intriguing way of testing
your own predictive powers but also a means of involving the
members of your family in a project that's fun as well as
educational. For example, prior to the conventions each family
member might predict state-by-state the number of votes a
particular candidate will garner; these predictions could be printed
out and used for comparison with the actual outcome of the
convention voting, with some sort of prize for the winning political
prognosticator. Or, on a more elementary level, you might want
to use the program's delegate count as a tool for teaching younger
family members something about state sizes in terms of population.
However you choose to use it. Convention is guaranteed to
stimulate your own and your family's interest in the selection of
each party's nominees for the 41st president and vice president of
the United States. And be sure to watch for the November
RAINBOW, where we'll feature a follow-up article and another
timely Hyre program — Election/
July 1988
THE RAINBOW 111
Wild, unpredictable, exasperat-
ing, exhilarating, and one
thing for sure it's an Amer-
ican original. We can only be talking
about one thing, the political conven-
tion. Not perfect, to be sure, but as-
suredly the best way of picking a leader
that this nation has come up with so far!
Comes the Republican or Demo-
cratic convention, many of you, like me,
will find yourselves glued in front of the
television, immersed in American poli-
tics. This program. Convention, is
written with the thought of adding some
extra enjoyment to that viewing.
First and foremost, Convention
keeps track of the votes. After all, that
is the name of the game. A state's vote
for each candidate is entered during the
state roll calls. The program keeps track
of total votes per candidate and votes
per stale per candidate, prints out
detailed round-by-round reports, saves
the data at any point and allows reload-
ing of previously saved files.
After the title screen, the user selects
cither Democratic or Republican party,
then is presented with the main menu.
Three options are given the user.
The first option is Enter Votes; nat-
urally, this is the heart of the whole
program. You will be asked to enter a
state or territory by abbreviation. Can-
didates' names are constantly displayed
down the left side of the screen. When
a state is selected, votes for each candi-
date arc shown in the middle column as
a grand total and to the right as his votes
from this state. As state votes change,
both columns will be updated. To exit
the voting section, just enter XX at the
slate prompt. You will be returned lo
the main menu.
Output to the printer is the subject of
the second option on the main menu.
Two choices are given. The first choice
is for a complete detailed report. This
printout will list all of the states and
territories and show votes given for each
candidate across the sheet. After all
states and territories are listed, a vote
total is printed, followed by a legend
relating candidate numbers to specific
candidates. In addition, a printout of
Leonard llyre is the author of Federal
Hill Software's Handicapper series and
a number of articles for rainbow. He
also published several articles in rain-
bow's sister publication, PCM, and is
the author o/Sanyopoly, a new Sanyo
game from Michigan Software.
the slates and territories with their
proper abbreviations is included. The
other printer option is strictly for a list
of states and abbreviations. This will
likely be used only once, to print your-
self a handy reference to work with.
Choice 3 will again return you to the
main menu.
"Prior to the conventions
each family member
might predict
state-by-state the number
of votes a particular
candidate will garner;
these predictions could
be printed out and used
for comparison with the
actual outcome of the
convention voting. "
i
File saving and retrieving is the third
choice offered. It might be interesting to
save the voting status at various points
in the proceedings — for example, after
each roll call is completed. You may
choose lo save the file at any point,
however. Data saved includes title,
party choice and all votes per candidate
per state. At any time you want, you can
load the data back into memory for
further rounds of voting, or for reports.
I have included lists with all the
contending Republican and Demo-
cratic leaders. If you would like to
follow along with the vice presidential
selection process, simply change the
DATA lines listing candidates to reflect
the new contenders. For ease of mod-
ification, make sure each list contains
six entries, even if some are "None" or
"Other." My suggestion is that you put
copies of the program on two separate
disks. Democrat and Republican.
The program structure of Conven-
tion revolves around the basic problem
orconlrolling"who has how many votes
and from which state did they come."
The two-dimension array V(S,53)
represents votes (candidates, states and
territories), and is the key lo the whole
program. For those of you new to
computing and interested in learning
programming in BASIC, the manipula-
tion of this array in the program offers
a practical example of usage of multi-
dimensional arrays.
To make understanding the program
easier, I have tried to provide explan-
atory REM statements within the listing.
A red, white and blue title screen
seemed appropriate, so the first few
lines of the program handle that task.
All necessary DATA statements are then
read into computer memory. The
"working" screen is then created (lines
700 through 800) and a menu presented
(lines 830 through 900). A small but
important subroutine to clear the input
and menu areas is located at lines 930
through 940.
Printer routines are very generic and
should run on most any printer without
causing problems. Lines 980 through
1380 encompass all printer functions.
These lines are self-explanatory and
should be easy to follow in the listing.
Vote entry and processing is handled
by two routines, the first being state
selection. Lines 1420 through 1490 get
the state abbreviation, check it for
validity and update that state's vote per
candidate column. Vote entries are
controlled with lines 1530 through 1610.
The candidate's "old" number of voles
from the current slate is subtracted
(Line 1550) prior to adding ihe "new"
vote (Line 1590).
Very simple load (lines 1750 through
1850) and save (lines 1890 through
I960) routines handle all of the input/
output of voting data. [See the Editor's
Note thai appears before the listing for
modifications for cassette use.] You
may assign filenames of your choice,
but do not include an extension. Line
1810 in the load routine makes sure you
are not loading a Republican data file
into a Democratic convention, and vice
versa.
Typing in Convention should not
present too much of a challenge foryou.
Be very careful with the DATA state-
ments, as errors here are often tricky to
locate. Don't forget, the program is also
available through Delphi and on RAIN-
BOW ON TAPE and DISK.
Enjoy using Convention -- 1 hope
"your" candidate wins!
(Questions or comments concerning
this program may be directed to the
author at P.O. Box 403, Cambridge.
MD 21613. Please enclose an SASE
when requesting a reply.) □
112
THE RAINBOW July 1988
y
Editor's Note: In order to run CONVENTN on a
cassette-based system, delete lines 1770 and 1910
and substitute the following lines for those shown
in Listing 1. For your convenience, the modified
cassette version of CONVENTN will be included on
this month's RAINBOW ON TAPE.
i X
\yfl75 218 1290 160
K 1 350 ?nn 1350 ior
590 87 1540 165
770 34 1670 117
1000 81 1820 22
1120 96 END 128
1790 OPEN "I", #-1, NM$
1800 INPUT #-1, SVFLAG
1810 IF SVFLAG <> FLAG THEN CLOS
E #-l: GOSUB 9 30:PRINT§9 6, "WRONG
PARTY... LOAD ABORTED" ;: FOR DL=1
TO 1200: NEXT DL: SOUND 150,1: GOT
800
1820 FOR CAND = 1 TO 6: FOR PL =
1 TO 53: INPUT #-1, V(CAND, PL)
: CT(CAND) = CT(CAND) + V(CAND,
PL) : NEXT PL: NEXT CAND
1830 CLOSE #-1
1920 OPEN "0", #-1, NM$
1930 SVFLAG = FLAG: PRINT #-1, S
VFLAG
1940 FOR CAND=1T06:F0RPL=1T053:P
RINT #-l,V(CAND,PL) :NEXTPL:NEXTC
AND
1950 CLOSE #-1
The listing: CONVENTN
l^j '**************************
20 '* CONVENTION- *
30 '* AN AMERICAN ORIGINAL *
40 '* (C) 1988 BY L. HYRE *
50 '* CAMBRIDGE, MD, USA *
6£ >**************************
70 •
80 • ****** COCO VERSION ******
90 '
100 ■*** PROGRAM INITIALIZE ***
110 '
120 DIM LS$(53), S$(53), S(53),
C$(6), C(6), V(6, 53), RC$(6), C
C$(6) , TEST$(53)
130 FLAG =
139 '
141 ■
150 CLS5:PRINT STRING$ (64 , 175) ;
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July 1988 THE RAINBOW 113
160 RD$=CHR$(159)+CHR$(159) :WH$=
CHR$ ( 2,07) +CHR$ (207)
165 BN$=RD$+WH$+RD$+WH$+RD$+WH$+
RD$+WH$ : BN$=BN$+BN$
17J8 FOR X=l TO 13: PRINT BN$;:NEX
T
172 GR$=STRING$(12," ")
174 PRINT@170 , GR$ ; : PRINT@202 , GR$
;CHR$(128) ; :PRINT@2 3 4,GR$;CHR$(1
28) ; :PRINT@2 66,GR$;CHR$(128) ; :PR
INT@298,GR$;CHR$(128) ;
175 PRINT@3 31,STRING$(12,128) ;
176 PRINT@203 , "CONVENTION" ; : PRIN
T@239,"AN"; :PRINT@268, "AMERICAN"
; : PRINT@300 , "ORIGINAL" ;
177 PRINT@496,"<PRESS ANY KEY>" ;
178 AK$=INKEY$ : IF AKS=""THEN 178
250 •
2 60 '** READ IN STATES ETC **
270 '
2 80 DATA ALABAMA, AL,1, ALASKA, AK,
2, ARIZONA, AZ, 3
290 DATA ARKANSAS,AR,4,CALIFORNI
A, CA, 5 , COLORADO, CO, 6 , CONNECTICUT
,CN,7
300 DATA DELAWARE, DE, 8, DI ST of C
OLUMBIA, DC, 9 , FLORIDA, FL, 10 , GEORG
IA,GA,11
310 DATA HAWAII, HI ,12, IDAHO, ID, 1
3, ILLINOIS, IL, 14
3 20 DATA INDIANA, IN, 15, IOWA, 10,1
6 , KANSAS , KS , 17 , KENTUCKY , KY , 18 , LO
UISIANA,LA,19
3 30 DATA MAINE, ME, 20, MARYLAND, MD
,21, MASSACHUSETTS , MA , 2 2 , MICHIGAN
,MI,23
3 40 DATA MINNESOTA, MN, 2 4, MISSISS
IPPI , MS , 2 5 , MISSOURI , MO , 2 6 , MONTAN
A,MT,27
3 50 DATA NEBRASKA, NE, 2 8, NEVADA, N
V, 2 9, NEW HAMPSHIRE, NH, 30, NEW JER
SEY,NJ,31
3 60 DATA NEW MEXICO, NM, 3 2 , NEW YO
RK,NY,33,NORTH CAROLINA, NC, 34 , NO
RTH DAKOTA, ND,35
370 DATA OHIO, OH, 36, OKLAHOMA, OK,
37, OREGON, OR, 38
3 80 DATA PENNSYLVANIA, PA ,4 2, PUER
TO RICO, PR, 4 3, RHODE ISLAND, RI, 44
390 DATA SOUTH CAROLINA, SC, 42 , SO
UTH DAKOTA, SD, 4 3, TENNESSEE, TN, 4 4
,TEXAS,TX,45
400 DATA UTAH, UT, 4 6, VERMONT, VT, 5
7,VIRGINIA,VA,48,VIRGIN ISLANDS,
VI, 49
410 DATA WASHINGTON, WA, 50, WEST V
IRGINIA,WV, 51,WISC0NSIN,WI, 52 ,WY
0MING,WY,53
420 '
430 '*** CANDIDATES ***
440 '
450 DATA DUKAKIS, JACKSON , GEPHARD
T , GORE , SIMON , OTHER
4 60 DATA ROBERTSON, BUSH, DOLE, KEM
P,HAIG, OTHER
470 •
480 »*** SETUP SCREEN HERE ***
490 •
500 PMODE 0:CLS
510 ■
570 ■ READ STATES & CANDIDATES
580 '
590 FOR X = 1 TO 53: READ LS$(X)
, S$(X) , S(X) : NEXT
600 FOR X = 1 TO 6: READ DC$(X):
NEXT: FOR X = 1 TO 6 : READ RC$ (
X) : NEXT
610 '
650 PRINT§6,"C ONVENTION
": PRINT STRING$(32,175) ;:PRINT@1
60, STRINGS (3 2, 159) ;
680 ******* CHOOSE CONVENTIONS
690 '
700 PRINT@64 , "CHOOSE PARTY " :
PRINT" <D>EMOCRAT OR <R>EPUBLIC" ;
: INPUT PR$
710 IF PR$ = "D" OR PR$ = "d" TH
EN FLAG ■ 1: GOTO 740
720 IF PR$ = "R" OR PR$ = "r" TH
EN FLAG = 2: GOTO 750
730 GOTO 700
740 FOR X = 1 TO 6: C$(X) = DC$ (
X) : C(X) = X: NEXT: GOTO 760
750 FOR X = 1 TO 6: C$(X) = RC$ (
X) : C(X) = X: NEXT: GOTO 760
760 PRINT§19 3, "CANDIDATE": PRINT©
208 , "TOTAL" : PRINT@219 , "STATE" : SS
=224:FOR X=l TO 6: PRINTgSS , C (X) ;
">";C$(X) :SS=SS+32:NEXT
770 IF FLAG=1 THEN PRINT@480 , "TO
TAL=4162 NEEDED=2082";
780 IF FLAG=2 THEN PRINT@480 , "TO
TAL=2277 NEEDED=113 9" ;
800 FOR DL=1 TO 490 : NEXT: GOSUB 9
30
810 '
820 •*** MAIN MENU ***
82 X '
830 PRINT @ 6 4, "SELECTION MENU..."
840 PRINT"1>V0TES 2>PRINTER 3>
SAVE/LOAD"
850 AK$ = INKEY$: IF AK$ = "" TH
EN 850
860 IF AK$ = "1" THEN 1420
870 IF AK$ = "2" THEN 980
880 IF AK$ = "3" THEN 1650
890 GOTO 850
900 GOTO 900
908 ■
910 i*** CLEAR INPUT AREA ***
920 '
930 FOR WP=64 TO 128 STEP 32:PRI
114
THE RAINBOW July 1988
NTQWP, STRING$(32," ");:NEXTWP
940 RETURN
950 •
960 '*** PRINTER ROUTINES ***
970 '
980 GOSUB 930
990 PRINTS 6 4," PRINTED INFORMATIO
N AVAILABLE.."
991 •
1000 PRINT@96, "<make sure printe
r is on>" : PRINTS 128," 1>REP0RT 2
>ST.ABBREV. 3>MENU"
1001 '
1010 AL$ = INKEY$: IF AL$ = "" T
HEN 1010
1020 IF AL$ = "1" THEN 1190
1030 IF AL$ = "2" THEN 1090
1040 IF AL$ = "3" THEN 800
1050 GOTO 1010
1060 •
1070 •* PRINT OUT STATES *
1080 '
1090 GOSUB 930: PRINT #-2, "Abbr
eviations Of States, Territories
, and District Of Columbia.": PR
INT #-2, STRING$(80, "_")
1100 FOR P = 1 TO 27
1110 IF P < 10 THEN PRINT #-2, "
0"; RIGHT$(STR$(S(P) ) , 1); "> ";
S$(P); "-"; LS$(P); : PRINT #-2
, TAB (40); S(P + 27); ">»; S$(P
+ 27); "-"; LS$(P + 27): GOTO 11
30
1120 PRINT #-2, RIGHT$(STR$(S(P)
), 2) ; »> »; S$(P) ; "-»; LS$(P) ;
: IF (P + 27) =54 THEN PRINT #
-2,"": ELSE PRINT #-2, TAB(40);
S(P + 27); ">"; S$(P + 27); "-";
LS$(P + 27)
1130 NEXT P
1140 IF TF = 1 THEN GOTO 13 80
1150 GOTO 800
1160 '
1170 i*** PRINTER REPORT ****
1180 ■
1190 GOSUB 930 :PRINT@64, "PRINTER
OPERATIONS ":PRINT@96,"IS P
RINTER READY <Y/N>" ; -.INPUT YN$
1200 IF YN$ = "Y" OR YN$ = "y" T
HEN 1220
1210 SOUND 200,1: GOSUB 930: GOTO
830
1220 PRINTS 12 8,"ENTER TITLE ";:I
NPUT RT$
1230 IF FLAG = 1 THEN PT$ = "DEM
OCRATIC PARTY" ELSE PT$ = "REPUB
LI CAN PARTY"
1240 SR = 40 - INT(LEN(RT$) / 2)
HflWKSo<t HAUKSoft HAUKSo*t
HflUKSo-ft HAUKSo*t
RAINBOW
DOMINATION »t8-00
MULT I -PLAYER STRATEGY GAME!
Try to take over the planet of YCNAN. "" Battle
other players armies to take control of their
provinces and defend yours. Play on a Hi-res map
of the planet. Take the "RISK" and be a
planet-lord today!!! Requires 1 disk and joystick
or mouse. See Rainbow Review JULY BB
MYDOS »15. 00
CUSTOMIZABLE' EPROMABLE ! !
The commands Tandy left out!
MYDOS is an enhancement to Disk Extended Basic 2.1
on the CoCo 3. One command loadm and execute for
M/L programs. Lowercase command entry and display
on ALL screens. Screen echo and SAY command far
RS Speech Pak. Point and click mouse directory.
NEW FEATURES! ! ! I !
Supports double-sided and 40 track drives. Set
any palettes you want on power— up (RGB or CMP).
Power-up in any screen width and colors (or
monochrome) you wish! More options than you can
shake a joystick at!!! See Rainbow Review JUNE B7
HAWKSoft KEYBOARD CABLE *25.B0
UNCHAIN YOUR KEYBOARD!
Five foot extender cable for Coco II and 3. Move
your keyboard wnere you want it! Installation
instructions and tips included! Custom lengths
aval 1 1 able.
HAWKSoft P.O. Box 7112
Elgin, 11. 60121-7112
312-742-30B4
S&H always included. II. orders add 77. sales tax.
TOTHIAN
SOFTWARE
TIIO GREAT NEW PROGRAtlS !
ULTRA-BASE : A 64K COCO
DATA BASE THAT IS SO
EASY TO USE THAT YOU
HAY UONDER HHY UE SEND
INSTRUCTIONS! ON DISK
OR TAPE, ONLY 924.95.
BIG PIX 3 : A 64K COCO
GRAPHICS PROGRAN THAT
HAKES PICTURES UP TO
456 BY 569 PIXELS! USES
RS PRINTER. COMPATIBLE
UITH HOST POPULAR PHODE
4 GRAPHICS PROGRAMS.
ON DISK, ONLY $24.95.
TOTHIAN SOFTUARE, INC.
BOX 663
RIHERSBURG, PA. 16248
<SINCE 1985>
July 1988
THE RAINBOW
115
: PRINT #-2, STRINGS (SR, " ") ; R
T$: PRINT #-2, STRINGS (80, "_")
1250 PRINT #-2, PT$; "-Current C
ONVENTION Status Report-" : PRIN
T #-2, STRINGS (80, "_••)
12 60 PRINT #-2," CANDIDATES: ";:T
B=15:FOR X=l TO 6: PRINT #-2,TAB(
TB+(9-LEN(C$(X)))) ;C$(X) ;:TB=TB+
10: NEXT X: PRINT #-2
1270 PRINT #-2, STRINGS (80, »•_")
1280 FOR REPORT = 1 TO 53
1290 PRINT #-2, LS$ (REPORT); : P
RINT #-2, TAB (18); : PRINT #-2,
USING "####.#"; V(l, REPORT); :
PRINT #-2, TAB(28) ; : PRINT #-2,
USING "####.#»; V(2, REPORT); :
PRINT #-2, TAB(38); : PRINT #-2
, USING »####.#"; V(3, REPORT);
1300 PRINT #-2, TAB(48); : PRINT
#-2, USING »####.#"; V(4, REPOR
T) ; : PRINT #-2, TAB(58); : PRIN
T #-2, USING »####.#"; V(5, REPO
RT) ; : PRINT #-2, TAB (68) ; : PRI
NT #-2, USING "####.#"; V(6, REP
ORT)
1310 IF REPORT=45 THEN FOR SK=1
TO 15: PRINT #-2,"": NEXT SK
1320 NEXT REPORT
13 30 PRINT #-2, STRING$ (80, "_'•)
1340 PRINT #-2, "TOTAL VOTES=" ;
: PRINT #-2, TAB (18); : PRINT #-
2, USING "####.#"; CT(1); : PRIN
T #-2, TAB(28); : PRINT #-2, USI
NG »####.#»; CT(2); : PRINT #-2,
TAB(38); : PRINT #-2, USING "##
##.#"; CT ( 3 ) ;
1350 PRINT #-2, TAB(48) ; : PRINT
#-2, USING "####.#»; CT(4); : P
RINT #-2, TAB(58); : PRINT #-2,
USING "####.#»; CT(5); : PRINT #
-2, TAB(68) ;:PRINT #-2, USING "##
##.#"; CT ( 6 ) : PRINT#-2 , STRINGS ( 80 ,
ii ii \
1370 PRINT #-2, STRINGS (80, "_")
: TF = 1: GOTO 1090
13 80 TF = 0: FOR X=l TO 26: PRINT
#-2,"":NEXT:GOSUB 930: GOTO 830
1390 '
1400 ******** GET STATE/TERRITOR
Y FROM USER
1410 '
1420 GOSUB 930:PRINT@64,"VOTE IN
PUT . . " : PRINT© 8 5 , "XX=MENU" ; : PRINT
§96, "INPUT STATE ABBREVIATION:";
: INPUT ST$
1440 IF ST$ = "XX" THEN GOSUB 93
0: GOTO 8 30
1450 FOR TEST = 1 TO 53: IF ST$
= S$(TEST) THEN 1480
14 60 NEXT TEST
1470 PRINTS 12 8, "INCORRECT ABBREV
IATION1-SEE LIST";: FOR DL=1 TO 1
500 : NEXT : SOUND 100,1:GOTO 1420
1480 GOSUB 930 :PRINT@64, "VOTES F
ROM ";LS$(TEST) :S=TEST
1490 SS=250:FOR PRIOR=l TO 6 : PRI
NT@SS, ;: PRINT USING"#### . #" ;V(PR
IOR,S) ;:SS=SS+3 2:NEXT PRIOR
1500 •
1510 •*** GET VOTES ***
1520 '
1530 SS=241:FOR PASS = 1 TO 6
1540 PRINT@9 6,STRING$(32," ");:P
RINT@9 6,"VOTES FOR CANDIDATE ";C
$ ( PASS )
1550 CT(PASS) = CT(PASS) - V(PAS
S, S)
1560 PRINT@128, ; : INPUT "INPUT VO
TES:"; V(PASS,S)
1570 REM: IF VAL(STR$(V(PASS,S) ))
=0 AND STR$(V(PASS,S) )<>"0" THEN
SOUND 100,1: GOTO 1560
1590 CT (PASS) =CT (PASS) +V(PASS,S)
:PRINT@SS, ;:PRINT USING"#### . #" ;
CT(PASS) ;:SX=SS+9:PRINT@SX, ; : PRI
NT USING"####.#" ;V(PASS,S) ;:SS=S
S+32
1600 PRINT@128,STRING$(32," ");:
NEXT PASS
1610 GOTO 1420
Dr. Nibble
By Kelly Taylor
|NJ COMPUTED UN&U«£\ I'OHUUftliOM IS "jfo
IHMKUNI AS\WOf\DS.\MY, IN THE ftNX
OWS Of CQMPUTIMG L A PROBE TO VENUS
WAS GDN1NUID bYKPRQCiRNM.BEa*ISE
[WE PRDUWIEU WSEKIIO RaMKOUJUHSTWO
SJBRDWUE E\TB*DUt&:
IMWNfi l&S WIVED,
ITOREPERT.TWr
CWVSHED MDNIUCUS'
OPOOLAfAS
VJERE VMSTCQl
116
THE RAINBOW July 1988
162j3 ■
ARTY. . . LOAD ABORTED" ; : FOR DL=1 T
163j3 '*** SAVE/LOAD ROUTINE ***
1200: NEXT DL: SOUND 150,1:GOTO
1640 '
800
1650 GOSUB 930: PRINT§64, "DATA
1820 FOR CAND = 1 TO 6: FOR PL =
SAVE/RETRIEVE MENU "
1 TO 53: INPUT #1, V(CAND, PL):
1660 PRINT§96,"l>LOAD FILE 2>SAV
CT(CAND) = CT(CAND) + V(CAND, P
E FILE 3>MENU";
L) : NEXT PL: NEXT CAND
1670 LS$ = INKEY$: IF LS$ = ••'• T
1830 CLOSE 1
HEN 1670
1840 REM SS=224:FOR WP=1 TO 6: PR
1680 IF LS$ = "1" THEN 1750
INT@SS , STRING$ ( 15 , " " ) ; : SS=SS+3 2
1690 IF LS$ ■ "2" THEN 1890
:NEXT
1700 IF LS$ = "3" THEN GOTO 800
1850 GOTO 800
1710 GOTO 1650
1860 '
1720 ■
1870 •*** SAVE FILE ***
1730 '*** READ IN FILE ***
1880 ■
1740 '
1890 GOSUB 930 :PRINT@64, "FILE SA
1750 GOSUB 930 :PRINT@64, "FILE LO
VE ROUTINE ": PRINT @ 9 6, "ENTER
AD ROUTINE " : PRINTQ9 6 , "ENTER
FILE NAME";: INPUT NM$
FILE NAME";: INPUT NM$
1900 IF LEN(NM$) > 8 THEN NM$ =
17 60 IF LEN(NM$) > 8 THEN NM$ =
LEFT$(NM$, 7)
LEFT$(NM$, 7)
1910 NM$ = NM$ + ".CNV"
1770 NM$ = NM$ + ".CNV"
1920 OPEN "0", 1, NM$
1780 FOR CAND = 1 TO 6: CT(CAND)
1930 SVFLAG = FLAG: WRITE #1, SV
= 0: FOR PL = 1 TO 53: V(CAND,
FLAG
PL) =0: NEXT PL: NEXT CAND
1940 FOR CAND=1T06:F0RPL=1T053:W
1790 OPEN "I", 1, NM$
RITE #1,V(CAND,PL) :NEXTPL:NEXTCA
1800 INPUT #1, SVFLAG
ND
1810 IF SVFLAG <> FLAG THEN CLOS
1950 CLOSE 1
E 1: GOSUB 930 : PRINT@96, "WRONG P
1960 GOTO 800 ^
MLBASIC 2.0 - BASIC Compiler
If you wantyour BASIC programs to run up to 50 limes faster, or want more
programming features without learning another language. MLBASIC is for you.
MLBASIC is the most compatible BASIC compiler available for the Color Com-
puter. WHY? Because MLBASIC fully supports:
- Low- and high-resolution graphics
- All types of I/O (disk, screen, printer, RS232)
- All available commands offered with BASIC
- Floating point functions and expressions
Integer, floaUng point and string type variables and arrays
- Use of all available 518K BAM in the COCO 3
- 80,40 or 32 column text displays
MLBASIC not only contains everything that you would expect a BASIC pro-
gramming language should contain, MLBASIC has features that offer flexibility
of other languages like C, Pascal, FORTRAN and even assembly language. These
features will allow programmers to directly access the CPU registers on the
COCO, produce modular program code with SUBROUTINES, manipulate memory
in blocks, and even call ROM routines in other areas of memory.
MLBASIC revision 2.0 has incorporated all enhancements that were
suggested by MLBASIC 1 .0 users and more. Revision 2.0 did away with al I the in-
compatibility problems that existed with revision 1 .0.
MLBASIC allows for the first time user to quickly compile a program using
default compiler settings. The advanced user has the capability of controlling
over a dozen settings which control where the program is compiled, which
medium to compile to ( memory or disk ). string space, compiler listings and
more.
With all this going for MLBASIC.your might expect the cost to be a little out
of your budget. After looking at prices of other BASIC compilers for the COCO 3
you might be correct But look again at this ad; for only S59.95, you can have a
programming language that will spark your Interest once again in the COCO.
Before you buy another BASIC compiler for the COCO, find out if It supports
everything MLBASIC supports. Then look at the price tag. We feel that it won't be
long before you place an order for MLBASIC.
"MLBASIC Is a fine program for any serious programmer. "
said David Gerald in the December 1987 RAINBOW.
<<<< 0NLY S 59 98 >>>>
COCO 3 WITH DISK REQUIRED -Add S4.00 Postage.
Check, Money Order or COD accepted
Foreign orders use U.S. MONEY ORDERS only.
WASATCHWARE
7350 Nulree Drive
Sail Lake City, Utah 84121
Phone (801) 943-1546
BASIC UTILITY DISKETTE
A real time saver for the person who develops
software using COCO Basic.
— DUMPDIR: Prints a hard copy of a disk's
directory. No more searching one disk after
another looking for a lost file.
— DUMPCRT: Copies text from the screen to the
printer. Versions included for 40 and 80 column
COCO 3 text screens.
— DUMPFILE: Dumps any disk file to the printer.
Printout can be in either decimal or in hex values.
— CROSSREF: Prints cross reference of source
and destination line numbers for basic jump
instructions (GOTO, GOSUB, etc.).
— COMPARE: Reads two BASIC Programs from
diskette and compares them line by line. Lists all
lines that are not identical.
Requires COCO 2 or 3, disk and printer.
Order at $19.95 plus $2 p&h.
Calif, residents add $1.20 tax.
T.E.M. of California
Box 4311
Fullerton, CA 92634-4311
RAINBOW
CERTIFICaTION
SEAL
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 117
F e ature
64KDisk LaSfeQ
Free up more memory to run long
programs without unplugging your disk drive
Erase
All Trace!
By Jeremy Spiller
'(UMlIUlL
O
I J
Some of the finest programs cannot
be run with a disk controller
plugged in. Some are simply too
long; others, written on systems without
a drive, use memory locations normally
reserved for disk-operation storage of
binary subroutines or data. This means,
of course, that the program must be
loaded from cassette, a rather tedious
process if you bought a disk drive in
order to avoid all the little inconven-
iences of loading from tape. Well, fret
no more! If you have a 64K CoCo you
no longer have to unplug your disk
drive controller in order to load and run
these programs. They can be loaded
from disk directly into memory and
then run with the disk drive still in place.
One note is in order here: because of the
vectors used, this program will only
work with CoCo I and 2. It will not
work on a CoCo 3.
Using the Program
After keying in the program, be very
sure to save it before you run it. Disk-
Off kills itself after running.
Assume that the long program you
want to run is stored on disk. Most of
these programs are too long to actually
run with the disk controller plugged in,
but there is usually enough room in
memory to at least store them. There-
fore, before you run DiskOJf, load your
long program into the computer (you
may need to PCLEAR 1 first), and then
store it on disk.
Now run DiskOJf. At the prompt,
type in the filename of your long pro-
gram and press ENTER. The disk drive
will turn on for one last time and load
your long program into memory. When
the cursor reappears, the computer has
been fooled into thinking that disk
BASIC does not exist. Type RUN and
press ENTER; your program should run
just as if the disk controller were not in
place.
Jeremy Spiller is a high school junior
who has been programming his CoCo
for three years. He began using assem-
bly language a year ago and learned the
information needed for this program by
disassembling parts of ROM.
118 THE RAINBOW July 1988
How the Program Works
This program takes advantage of the
fact that the computer allocates low
memory for such things as graphics
pages and disk buffer space at the time
the computer is first turned on. The
startup routine in ROM includes peeks
in various locations to see what hard-
ware is in place. If the disk controller
card or a ROM pack is in the port, then
locations &HC000 and &HC001 con-
tain specific values. If the numbers in
these locations are correct during the
startup routine, the computer then
assumes that a ROM pack or the disk
drive controller is in place and executes
the program contained in cartridge
memory (&HC000 through &HFEFF).
If the system is disk-based, then that
program is Disk BASIC and includes
reserving 2,048 bytes in low memory for
use by the disk drive. These 2,048 bytes
are located directly after the text screen
memory and before the first graphics
page reserved by Extended BASIC. It is
the availability of these 2,048 bytes that
makes it possible to run some programs
only with the disk controller out of its
slot. With no disk drive in place, the first
graphics page starts directly after the
text screen memory, leaving more room
above the graphics pages for BASIC to
operate and freeing up memory between
&H600 and &HE00 for the user.
If, on the other hand, either of the
first two bytes of the cartridge ROM is
incorrect, the computer assumes there is
no disk program to run; the startup
routine goes on to initialize memory
without making provisions for setting
aside that critical 2,048 bytes in low
memory. If it were somehow possible to
load your BASIC program off disk into
the correct position in memory, poke a
zero into ROM Location &HC000 and
then execute a cold start without losing
your program, you could fool the com-
puter into thinking that there was no
drive controller in place. No space
would be allocated to disk drive use,
and more room would be made avail-
able to the user.
Unfortunately, it is impossible to
poke anything into a ROM location
other than what is already written there.
On top of that, if you execute a cold
start, you lose the BASIC program that
you loaded off disk, right? Wrong!
If you have a 64K CoCo, you can in
effect write into ROM. The trick is to
copy ROM into high memory RAM
and then revise it to your heart's con-
tent. The real problem comes when you
try to run a cold start. Under normal
circumstances, you may be operating in
64K mode with your revised software
"ROM-twin", but as soon as you POKE
113,0 and then press the reset button
as you would to produce a cold start,
something nasty happens. The reset
routine automatically switches the
machine out of 64K. mode (and your
modified software ROM-twin) back
into 32K (and the computer's hardware
ROM) instead. (If you try to execute
8.HR027 with your software ROM-twin,
your computer goes west and you'll
have to power down to regain control.)
A large part of DiskOj'J 'is devoted to
overcoming this obstacle, as well as to
restoring the basic program after the
cold start is executed.
Program Nitty-Gritty
The data in lines 30, 50 and the last
1 I bytes in Line 80 are three short
machine language routines that are
loaded into protected graphics memory
in lines 40, 60 and 120. The first to be
executed (Line 70) is the ever-popular
program that transfers ROM into high-
memory RAM two bytes at a time.
After it accomplishes this task, it
transfers control from the hardware
ROM to its software twin in RAM
before returning to DiskOff. Line 70
goes on to poke a zero into the first
location in the ROM-twin. If a peck of
that location returns a zero, then it is
assumed that the transfer was successful
and the original value is restored. If not,
then it is assumed that you are still in
hardware ROM, and that the computer
is not equipped for 64K operation.
The next ML program stored in
graphics memory is a routine that will
restore the long basic program which
will be loaded from disk just before the
cold start. Bear in mind that while a cold
start generally wipes out user access to
basic programs previously stored in
memory, the program itself remains
largely intact provided the computer
was not powered down. What does get
destroyed are all references to the
program in the lower 256 bytes of
memory, namely memory locations 27
through 32 along with the first two bytes
of the program itself. All of this infor-
mation can be obtained by close inspec-
tion of the remains of the program after
the cold start. RESTORE is designed to
do this and to plug the correct values
back into the correct memory locations.
Before covering the third ML routine
poked into protected memory, we will
look at the actual revisions that Disk-
Off rasikes in our software ROM-twin.
(Please note that the only ML routine
actually executed so far has been the
one that copied ROM into RAM. None
of the other code is executed until after
the disk drive has loaded the program
that ordinarily cannot be run with the
drive in place.)
Line 90 pokes a short bit of code into
our ROM-twin, preventing the micro-
processor from poking zeros into the
last page in ROM. While this is part of
a normal cold start, poking anything
into some of these locations would
switch the computer back to the hard-
ware ROM, a situation we want to
prevent.
Line 100 similarly pokes code to
divert the microprocessor around other
ROM instructions that would prevent
BASIC from working properly if exe-
cuted.
Line 1 10 plugs in a patch that diverts
the microprocessor to the RESTORE
routine stored in protected memory.
RESTORE is executed after the cold
start. Line 1 10 pokes code replacing the
normal jump to the cursor routine in
ROM.
Line 130 pokes 113,0, which flags
for a cold start on a reset. It goes on to
poke a zero in Location &HC000.
tricking the computer into believing
that there is nothing in the ROM port.
Finally, it pokes 30 into Location 25,
setting the start of BASIC to where it
should be with no disk controller in
place (2,048 bytes lower).
Lines 140 and 150 poke another
message into the ROM locations that
ordinarily code for the Microsoft copy-
right message appearing whenever you
power up or run a cold start.
Now the fun begins. We have trans-
ferred ROM into high RAM, modified
its cold start routine to protect its
integrity during the cold start and to
trick it into believing that there is
nothing in the ROM pack port, and
added patches that will automatically
divert the microprocessor to the RE-
STORE routine in low memory. The
machinery is in place, but it hasn't been
activated yet; and Disk BASIC is still in
operation. We are still free to load our
non-disk program off the disk.
Line 170 is the key to the auto-
execution of the cold start. Note the two
pokes. BASIC keeps a jump vector stored
in locations &HI68 and &H 169. When-
ever you load a program off disk. Disk
BASIC first fetches the disk directory
entry and then prints a carriage return
(CHR$(13)). It then loads the program
(remember that Line 130 causes it to
load 2,048 bytes lower than normal) and
finally prints an "OK." Before each
screen print. Disk BASIC looks at loca-
July1988 THE RAINBOW 119
tions &H168 and &H169 to determine
where its next set of instructions lie.
DiskOf /'changes the jump vector held
in these locations and, in so doing,
diverts the microprocessor to the
COLD START TRIGGER, the third
routine loaded by Line 120 into low
memory. This program checks to see if
the character to be printed is the car-
riage return. If it is, it sends the micro-
processor back to load the program into
memory. If the character is the "O" (in
"OK"), then the program is assumed to
be loaded; TRIGGER turns off the disk
drive motor by poking a zero into
&HFF40, then diverts the microproces-
sor to our modified cold start by calling
a jump to &HA027.
Now all the machinery that we put
into place earlier is activated. Extended
basic checks to see if there is anything
in the cartridge slot. (Our zero in Lo-
cation &HC000 tricks it into believing
that there is not.) It then initializes
RAM. jumping around the areas that
would damage our ROM-twin. When it
is finished, it is diverted to the RE-
STORE program, which scans the
remains ol our BASIC program to re-
place the missing information in low
memory. Finally. RESTORE returns
control to BASIC by jumping to
&HA0E2 (the cursor), and voila\
We are now back in Extended basic,
with the program loaded into memory.
At this point Disk basic is totally
disabled, and any disk commands re-
turn a syntax error. Type RUN and play
the game without having to remove the
disk drive controller.
(Questions or comments concerning
this program may be directed to the
author at RFD I. P.O. Box 1094.
Townsend, MA 01469. Please enclose
an SASE when requesting a reply.) D
The listing: DISKDFF
1 '****************************
3 '* DISKOFF *
5 '* BY JEREMY SPILLER *
7 •* 1985 *
9 • ****************************
10 CLS: PRINT "THIS PROGRAM WILL A
LLOW YOU TO LOAD AND RUN PROGRA
MS OFF YOUR DISK DRIVE WHICH NO
RMALLY . CANNOTBE RUN WITH THE DIS
K CONTROLLER PLUGGED IN."
20 PRINTQ172 , "thinking"
25 'PATCH 1 RESTORE ROUTINE
30 DATA 5F,9E,19,1F,12,30,4,A6,8
0,2 6,FC,C1,0,26,3,AF,A4,5C,A6,84
,26,EF,30,2,9F,1B,9F,1D,9F,1F,7E
,A0,E2
40 C=0:FOR X=4000 TO 403 2: READ A
$:A=VAL("&H"+A$) :POKE X,A:C=C+A:
NEXT: IF C<>3 329 THEN PRINT"ERROR
IN PATCH l":STOP
45 'PATCH 2 ROM TO RAM ROUTINE
50 DATA 1A,50,8E,80,0,B7,FF,DE,E
C,84,B7,FF,DF,ED,81,8C,FF,0,26,F
1,1C,AF,39
60 C=0:FOR X=&HFC8 TO &HFDE:READ
A$:A=VAL("&H"+A$) :POKE X,A:C=C+
A: NEXT: IF C<>3 3 65 THEN PRINT"ERR
OR IN PATCH 2"
70 EXEC &HFC8:A=PEEK(&H8000) :POK
E &H8000,0:IF PEEK(&H8000)=0 THE
N POKE &H8000,A ELSE PRINT"YOU M
UST HAVE 64K":STOP
75 'PATCH 3 — ROM PATCHES & COLD
START TRIGGER
80 DATA E0,5F,7E,A0,5B,8E,7F,FF,
20,A,7E,F,A0,81,D,26,1,39,7F,FF,
40,7E,A0,27
90 C=0:FOR X=&HA053 TO &HA057:RE
AD A$:A=VAL("&H"+A$) : POKE X,A:C=
C+A:NEXT
100 FOR X=&HA084 TO &HA088:READ
A$:A=VAL("&H"+A$) : POKE X,A:C=C+A
:NEXT
110 FOR X=&H80BD TO &H80BF:READ
A$:A=VAL("&H"+A$) : POKE X,A:C=C+A
:NEXT
120 FOR X=&HFFA TO &H1004:READ A
$:A=VAL("&H"+A$) : POKE X,A:C=C+A:
NEXT: IF C02572 THEN PRINT"ERROR
IN PATCH 3" :STOP
130 POKE 113,0: POKE &HC000,0:POK
E 25,30
140 A$="YOU ARE NOW IN EXTENDED
BASIC WITH YOUR PROGRAM IN THE
MEMORY . " : A$=A$+STRING$ ( 8 1-LEN (A
$),32)
150 P=&H80E8:FOR X=l TO LEN(A$):
POKE P,ASC(MID$(A$,X,1) ) :P=P+1:N
EXT
160 FOR X=l TO 20 : PRINTCHRS ( 8 ) ; :
NEXT: PRINT: INPUT "ENTER PROGRAM N
AME";A$: CLS: PRINT "ONE SECOND PLE
ASE"
170 POKE &H168,&HF:POKE &H169,&H
FA: LOAD A$ /»
Dr. Nibble
By Kelly Taylor
120
THE RAINBOW July 1988
XTEAM ^4^4
&
S-9
^^^^^^^^^^^mm
t Menu oriented
» Upload/download Ascii
or XMODEM protocol
> Execute OS-9 commands
from within XTERM
XTERM
OS-9 Communications program
Dcdnablc macro keys
Works with standard serial port, RS232
Pak, or PBJ 2SP Pack, Includes all drivers
Works with standard screen, Xscreen
WORDPAK or D1STO 80 column board
$49.95 with source $89.9 5
::<:>>-■■ :: ,:,:■:-■ .■;■■■ ,;. : ;■.■■■ -,■:.;.:,:.:- ..,,- .. -
XDIR & XCAL
llirrarchial directory OS-9 calculator
• Full sorting • Decimal, Hex, Binary
• Complete pattern matching • +,-,*,/,AND,OR,XOR,NOT
$24.95 with source $49.9 5
. . -^v:^ ^-~:-:-:-~-:-:
- -:■:■■:-•■ ' -■:■■;■:■■..■;.■::■■
XDIS
OS-9 disassembler
$34.95 with source $54.95
HARDWARE
512k memory upgrade
Ram Software
Ram Disk
Print Spooler
Quick Backup
$80.00
All three for only
$19.95
•Software by ColmVenture
BOTH
winners!
/ All of our OS-9 products
J work with:
OS-9 version 1
OS-9 version 2
OS-9 Level 2
XWORD
OS-9 word processing system
Works with standard text screen, XSCREEN, WORDPAK, or DISTO
True character oriented lull screen editing
Full block commands
Find and Replace commands
Execute OS-9 commands from within
Proportional spacing supported
Full printer control, character size, emphasized, italics, overstrikc,
underline, super/sub-scripts
10 header/foolers
Page numbering in decimal or Roman numerals
Margins and headers can be set different Tor even and odd pages
$69.95 with source $124.95
XMERGE
Mail merge capabilities Tor XWORD
$24.95 with source $49.95
XSPELL
OS-9 spelling checker, with 20000 and 40000 word dictionaries
$39.95
XTRIO
XWORD/XMERGE/XSPELL
$114.95 with source $199.95
XED
OS-9 full screen editor
$39.95 with source $7 9.95
AND FOR RS DOS ...
SMALL BUSINESS ACCOUTING
This sales-based accounting package is de-
signed Tor the non-accountant oriented busi-
nessman. It also contains the flexibility Tor
the accounting oriented user to set up a double
entry journal with an almost unlimited chart
of accounts. Includes Sales Entry, transaction
driven Accounts Receivable and Accounts Pay-
able, Journal Entry, Payroll Disbursement,
and Record Maintenance programs. System
outputs Include Balance Sheet, Income State-
ment, Customer and Vender status Reports,
Accounts Receivable and Payable Aging Re-
ports, Check Register, Sales Reports, Account
Status Lists, and a Journal Posting List.
$79.95
INVENTORY CONTROL/SALES ANALYSIS
This module is designed to handle inventory
control, with user defined product codes, and
produce a detailed analysis of the business'
sales and the sales force. One may enter/update
inventory data, enter sales, run five sales anal-
ysis reports, run five inventory reports, set up
product codes, enter/update salesman records,
and update the SBAP inventory.
PAYROLL
Designed for maintaining personnel and
payroll data for up to 200 hourly and salar-
ied employees with 8 deductions each. Cal-
culates payroll and tax amounts, prints
checks and maintains year-to-dale totals
which can be automatically transferred to
the SBA package. Computes each pay peri-
od's totals for straight time, overtime and
bonus pay and determines taxes to be with-
held. Aditional outputs include mailing list,
listing of employees, ycar-lo-datc federal
and/or state tax listing, and a listing of cur-
rent misc. deductions. Suited for use in all
stales except Oklahoma and Delaware
$59.95
$59.95
PERSONAL BOOKKEEPING 2000
Handles 45 accounts. Enters cash expenses as
easily as checks. Handles 26 expense catego-
ries. Menu driven and user friendly.
$39.95
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
Includes detailed audit trails and history
reports for each customer, perpares In-
voices and monthly statements, mailing la-
bels, aging lists, and an alphabetized cus-
tomer listing. The user can define net
terms for commercial accounts or finance
charges for revolving accounts. This pack-
age functions as a standalone A/R system or
integrates with the Small Business Accling
package.
$59.95
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE
Designed for the maintenance of vendor
and A/P invoice files. The system prints
checks, voids checks, cancels checks, de-
letes cancelled checks, and deletes paid A/P
Invoices. The user can run a Vendor List,
Vendor Status report, Vendor Aged report,
and an A/P Check Register. This package
can be used either as a standalone A/P sys-
tem or can be integrated with the Small
Business Accounting Package.
$59.95
MICROTECH
CONSULTANTS
INC.
1906 Jerrold Avenue
St. Paul, MN 55112
Ordering Information
Add $3.00 shipping & handling, MN residents add 6% sales tax.
Visa, Mastercard. COD (add S3.50). personal checks.
TttaXte fnquiriti Invited
Author Submissions accepted
OS-9 is a Irojlemork of Microwatt
(612) 633-6161
w:?liMMo nts ftttr Options
Hie* Paje
Define Block
Para»eters
Save Page
Load Page
Read Text
I Mage
Delete
'Boundaries
wfsxsm
Approve
m%iw
The Uansaponna Tines
fl lirJSifl #/ Fiirslmi tress
feS Taies Up/
' "imi i iinJ It'S ClStitf MM
ai4 hk to run a business, or so
claiw self-wde Millionaire Robin I.
Hood. CoMMenting on the official
release of his tax statettent, Hood
said, "It seeMs like the More Money we
get the More we need to
Wizard Denies
Secret "Witch Hunt"
ilht I»r.'W-' Citl) The Hiiari if
(h bitterly denied that =^—
he dispatched hit squads f *
after the Hicked Hitch of ^>,
„■--, , , the West as */ \
^©S
war e
CoCo3
Home Publisher —
Getting the Word out on the CoCo 3
Tandy's Home Publisher is a desktop
publishing program written especially
for your CoCo 3. By combining detailed
graphics and different sizes and styles of
text on one page, you can produce high-
quality newsletters, announcements, or
any other type of small document using
your computer and printer.
Written in OS-9 Level II (but you
don't need OS-9 Level II to run it), the
program requires al least one disk drive.
A joystick or mouse would be a worth-
while addition, but is not required to
run the program successfully. The disk
is not copy-protected, so it's easy to
make a backup for your own protec-
122 THE RAINBOW July 1988
tion. You can also install the program
on a hard disk.
The program loads with some rather
complex instructions, having you type
a few OS-9 commands, but the screen
tells exactly what to do:
CHX /-D0/CMDS ENTER
CHD 'D0 ENTER
EX PUBLISH >/TERM </TERM
»/TERM ENTER
5I2K users have a shortcut in that they
can type EX PUBLISH as the last instruc-
tion, but I28K users must type the
whole line each time they boot up. In
my opinion, a program of this caliber
should be easier to access, having a
configure program to create a boot file.
More advanced programmers will likely
develop their own boot files to prevent
this extra typing.
If your disk controller is equipped
with DOS 2.0 or earlier, you will not be
able to start the program with the DOS
command. However, the instruction
book provides a short BASIC loader
program that will boot the program.
Once the program has been loaded,
you will see the high resolution work
screen headed by a command line at the
top. Here are some of the commands
available: View Page; Define Block,
which determines how your composi-
tion will be laid out; Parameters, which
sets block and margin locations, font
sizes, spacing and justification; Save/
Load Page; Read Text, allowing you to
read in standard ASCII text files;
Image, which provides 37 drawings that
can be incorporated into your work;
Delete; Boundaries; Edit Image; Quit;
Clear Page; and Print Page.
The Fonts command yields a direc-
tory of 14 fonts; the ATTR command
changes font styles (you can select from
bold, outline, italics or shadowed let-
ters). Under the Options command you
define or change your system configu-
ration for the following: printer double-
strike mode, Hi-Res Joystick, RGB or
composite monitor, foreground and
background colors, system setup (initial
block format in either one, two or three
columns), default drives and directory,
justification and printer (Tandy DMP
or Epson RX-80).
Only half of the page is visible on-
screen even though the entire page is
kept in memory. To see the other half,
you must position the cursor to the
extreme left of the workspace screen
and press the joystick or mouse button.
It is possible to see the entire page at any
time through a previewing feature, but
the page will not be completely read-
able. Previewing is useful because it
allows you to see how your page looks
before you commit to printing.
The use of multiple pop-up windows
and menus makes Home Publisher very
user-friendly. After about 30 minutes of
computer use, I was able to create some
pretty neat-looking newsletters. I do
recommend the use of the Tandy Hi-Res
Joystick Interface; it makes cursor
operation smoother and is a must if you
intend to edit any of the graphic images
supplied on (he disk. Although the 45-
page instruction manual is well-written
and easy to follow, most users will catch
on quickly and not need the book other
than for minor referencing.
I was disappointed that the program
does not contain printer drivers for
many of the other popular printers on
the market, such as Star. Okidala and
other models of Epson. I guess Tandy
thinks that just because we own CoCo
3s. we must also own its DMP printers.
My other complaint, as slated at the
beginning of this review, is the complex
way in which the program has to be
loaded.
illti ' nlliiHM't'
> IV Itais^nia Tim •■
IH ■ Ton II' lurllii.li 1,
:..''. - :'-' ' r: Imr. 'lnilhn'-
■>-—- I'.W t.
("I!"'* 1 " >•<>->-<:
t-ri-i"^;;B-i"i.'tJ'— :.
Sf J m.-?. l ar.-.x=i=i-.. E
But, all in all. Home Publisher docs
what it is advertised to do, and it does
it well. The price is reasonable and the
results are gratifying.
(Tandy Corporation, 1700 One Tandy
Center, Fort Worth, TX 76102; $39.95:
Available in Radio Shack stores nation-
wide.)
— Robert Gray
SOTIW
CoCo1,2&3
ate^
Cartoonamator —
A Moving
Experience
Patience isn't one of my numerous
virtues - neither is programming
graphics. The thought of typing in 1, 373
DRAW statements appeals to me at about
the same level that gum surgery docs.
Cartoonamator, however, allows me
to exercise my previously well-hidden
talent for animation without the accom-
panying frustration. The creators ob-
viously knew that human beings would
be using it; one piece of practical advice
in the excellent instructions reads: "If
you mess up, just press BRI:AK and
rerun the program. Your animation will
not be lost, and your previous cell will
remain unaffected." How about that?
The instructions complement the
screen menus perfectly. Even people like
me have a hard time making mistakes.
The basis for the whole operation is
the "cell," a rectangular area in which
you can put nine different colored
blocks. By combining cells into a se-
quence of frames (which includes the
capability to load more than one cell
into a frame), you create animation.
The results are a bit blocky, since you
are using blocks, but so what? Let the
Disney Studios take care of the involved
stuff. You just have to realize that curves
aren't really possible, so make designs
that don't involve them.
Hint: Take notes on which cell is
which even though you can review
them ■- so you don't get sudden
changes you hadn't planned on. The
same applies to the backgrounds, which
you design separately. You combine the
two in the frames.
You can also store favorite back-
grounds and cells on the disk for later
use in other animation projects. Ob-
viously, you can store a complete ani-
mation sequence also - thus you could
build part of it, store it, add some things
later after a reload and keep building.
The program advises you of how much
memory you have remaining.
Operating under the theory that you
just might make a mistake now and
then, the program is loaded with
prompts to help you escape before you
insert something you'll regret later.
When you put more than one cell in a
frame, each one is displayed so you can
check spacing. In addition, you can edit
individual cells; once done, the changes
you made automatically overlay that
cell number wherever it shows up in the
sequence.
It takes a while to use the joystick
properly for cell placement. The in-
structions are clear enough; the reac-
tions (mine) take a little more work.
The Display menu allows you to
review the entire animation set you
created step-by-step, in slow motion, or
in regular motion or high speed. If you
select high-speed, the program asks
what type of CoCo you have. I, 2 or 3.
Other than the animation you'll start
producing within half an hour after
making your backup copy, Cartoon-
amator is just fun to play around with.
You can start with simple animation
and work your way up to darkening
skies and stellar explosions. A heck of
a product for the price. Warning: It can
be addicting.
(CoC'otronics Software, 51 Briarwood.
Irvine, CA 92714, 714-651-0283; S14.95 plus
$1.50 S/H)
— John M. Hcherl
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 123
^Softwar e
CoCo3
Domination —
Surround the World
in 80 Plays
H AWKSoft's Domination is a "Risk"
board-lypc game that two to six players
can play on the CoCo 3. The object of
the game is to dominate the planet by
using armies to defeat those of another
player.
When the game starts, it randomly
divides the world among the players.
Then it goes through a series of rounds
that allow the players to place their
remaining armies, five at a time, on their
countries. Each player must concen-
trate armies where they will provide the
best offensive and defensive position. A
lot of strategy is required with Domina-
tion, because you cannot randomly
place your armies just anywhere.
When a player decides to attack
another, he needs to take into account
how many armies he can deploy for
offense and how many the opponent
can use for defense. At each turn a
player may attack, move armies or pass
to the next player. There is also the
option of stopping the game and saving
the board to continue later.
If a player decides to attack, he must
pick which of his countries he will
attack from, who to attack and how
many armies to attack with. Then the
defending player gets the chance to pick
the number of armies he wishes to
defend with. After the battle is decided,
the defeated army is reduced. If the
attacking army has defeated all the
available armies of his opponent, he
takes control of the country and
transfers one of his armies to his new
country. The process of attack and
124 THE RAINBOW July 1988
defense goes on until one player has
domination over the entire planet, or
everyone decides to quit.
Domination is an entertaining game
worth its price tag, but I have a "wish
list" of features 1 think would make it
even better. When playing with young
players, 1 noticed they usually attack so
often that everyone ends up with only
one army per country. This means that
no one can attack anyone because you
must have at least two armies to attack
(in case you win). The only thing anyone
can do in this situation is pass. It would
be nice if the program could detect this
situation and force a "draft" to create
more armies for the players. Also, it
would be nice to be able to use the arrow
keys as an option. While 1 have joy-
sticks, I usually must go dig for them.
Overall, 1 enjoyed Domination and
was very happy to see an entertaining
game below the $20 barrier. I must warn
people, though, that this is not a game
you can play in a few minutes. I have
been involved in games of Risk that
have gone on for days.
(IIAWKSoft, P.O. Box #7112, Elgin, II.
60121, 312-742-3084; SI 8)
— Dale Shell
Softw are
CoCo 1, 2 &3
Big Pix 3 -
Seeing the Big
Picture
Have you ever wanted a graphics
program that would fill an 8',4-by- 1 1
inch page? Well, Big Pix 3 can both
draw and print pictures up to 456 by 565
pixels this is about six limes the
overall size of the normal PMODE 4
graphics screen.
Two joysticks and 64K are required
to operate the program. The right
joystick controls cursor movement.
When you move the joystick, the cursor
creeps across the screen, pixel by pixel.
Holding down the firebutton makes the
cursor move even faster. The left joy-
stick controls the window or work-
space. Even though one Hi-Res screen
is displayed at a time, there is plenty of
extra space left to the sides, top and
bottom of the displayed screen.
Big Pix includes most of the standard
drawing commands, such as Circle,
Box, Line, Draw, Erase, Paint, Ray and
others. In addition. Get, Put and Invert
are available for manipulation of pic-
tures. Zoom provides a greatly magni-
fied view of sections of the screen. Also,
I0 different fonts are available for
writing text to the screen.
In some ways. Big Pix 3 is much like
many of the drawing programs cur-
rently on the market, less the icons and
pull-down menus. Us features are ac-
cessed by pressing one or more keys.
One feature. Move Cursor, actually lets
you enter the x and y coordinates
manually for more precise cursor move-
ment.
Files from other CoCo graphics pro-
grams such as CoCo Max and Ciraph-
icom can be loaded and edited. I tried
several picture files from CoCo Max II
and found that they loaded without
problem. If you have Grupliivom Pari
2, you can use the Big Pix font editor
to change Graphicom 2 fonts into Big
Pix fonts. This same font editor will also
allow you to create and save custom
fonts.
Program documentation is complete
and well-written. Included on the pro-
gram disk is a printable documentation
file, just in case you misplace the orig-
inal instructions.
On the down side, I found that using
joysticks to manipulate the graphics
gets to be somewhat tedious. Screen
movement can be jerky in the Zoom
function, because of the limits of the
standard joystick ports. A routine to
incorporate the Hi-Res joystick adapter
would be a blessing.
The printer dump for both large and
small picture sizes is set up for Radio
Shack dot matrix printers only. Owners
of other brands of printers need to
provide their own printer dumps, and
are limited to a standard 256-by- 1 92
screen. I think the program should
include provision for other popular
printers, such as Epson and compati-
bles. It is a fact that a large number of
CoCo owners have these brands of
printers, and they will not be able to
utilize one of the most useful features of
the program.
Big Pix 3\ strength lies in its graphics
editing and full-page printing capabili-
ties. For owners of Radio Shack DMP
printers who want these features, this is
an excellent product.
(Tothian Software, Inc.. Box 663, Rimers-
burg, PA 16248; S24.95)
— Mark Haverstock
Computer Island Educational Software
BEYOND WORDS
32K Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
These Language Arts programs cover
common misspellings, and synonyns/
antonyms on each level. Additionally,
Level 1 tests contractions and abbre-
viations, Level 2 tests homonyms,
and Level 3 tests analogies. Each
program has three parts and con-
tains over 400 questions and uses
over 800 words. All tests are grade
appropriate. User modifiable (direc-
tions included). Printer option. Speci-
fy Level.
Level 1 Grades 3-5
Level 2 Grades 6-8
Level 3 Grades 9-12
CONTEXT CLUES - 4, 5, 6, 7
16K Ext. - $17.95 tape/$22.95 disk
Each reading program contains
about 50 situational paragraphs with
one key word missing. Child uses
context clues to find correct answer
in multiple choice format. Random
selection of readings each round.
Specify 4th, 5th, 6th, or 7th grade.
CONTEXT CLUES - 2-3
32K Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
A reading program wherein the child
uses the context to choose the cor-
rect answer. Multiple choice format.
Hi-res screen. Grades 2-3.
EQUATIONS TUTOR
32K Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
Elementary-Intermediate algebra.
Step by step tutorials. Multi-level.
SPECIFY Linear or Quadratic.
(vy
VOCABULARY BUILDER
32K. Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
200 Vocabulary questions on appro-
priate grade levels in a 4 part multiple
choice format. 1000 words used. Ex-
tensive research has provided chal-
lenging words on all levels. When
mastered, the words may be changed
by the user (full directions included).
Printer option. Specify Level.
Level 1 Grades 3-5
Level 2 Grades 6-8
Level 3 Grades 9-12
TRIGONOMETRY TUTOR
32K Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
A step by step tutorial for learning to
compute the sides and angles of right
triangles. All examples have graphic
representation. Help commands and
cursor aids assist throughout.
OPENING A BANK ACCOUNT
32K Ext. - $24.95 disk only
A set of programs designed to intro-
duce and provide practice in the skills
of filling out bank applications, deposit
and withdrawal slips, and computing
bank account balances. Loaded with
graphic presentations. Grades 3-6.
AREA & PERIMETER
32K Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
Triangles, rectangles, and circles
and covered in this Hi-res text and
graphic program.
COCO WHEEL OF FORTUNE
32K Ext. - $19.95 tape/$24.95 disk
Hi-res graphics and screen in this
version of the popular TV show. One
to six players. Spin the wheel for
points and guess a letter to solve the
puzzle. Over 200 puzzles. Have fun
while strengthening language arts
skills.
MATH INVADERS
32K Ext. - $17.95 tape/$22.95 disk
A multi-level "Space Invaders" type
game to reinforce the 4 basic math
operations (addition, subtraction,
multiplication and division). Prob-
lems become more difficult as your
progress. Hi-res graphics. Joystick
required.
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
(718) 948-2748
Dept. R 227 Hampton Green, Staten Island, N.Y. 10312
Send tor catalog with complete descriptions.
Please add $1.00 per order tor postage. N.Y. residents, please add proper tax. FREE set ot BINARY DICE, including full directions, with
orders ol 2 or more items.
Dealer Inquiries Invited.
TRS-80 Color Computer
All Payments in U.S. Funds.
-Software
CoCo3
Stylograph —
Power User's Word
Processing Package
Our little Color Computer has grown
a lot since its introduction asa4K RAM
machine, but many people still seem to
think of it as a game machine. When
serious work needs to be done, they
think an MS-DOS machine is required
to do the job.
Well, the Color Computer has some
very powerful software available, and
computer salespeople need to learn this
fact. Take, for example. Stylograph, an
OS-9 Level II word processing system.
I would put this program up against just
about anything in the MS-DOS world
that is within three times its price range.
And this is for a game machine? Gimme
a break!
Stylograph III uses the power of OS-
9 Level II to advance our Color Com-
puter even closer to the no-longer-
better-but-more-expensive machines.
The Stylograph III package comes with
the Stylograph word processing system,
the Stylograph III Mail Merge and the
Stylograph II Spelling Checker. In-
cluded is a comprehensive manual with
a three-lesson tutorial. As an upgrade
from the OS-9 Level I version, Stylo-
graph is very versatile — this flexibility
means there are a lot of features to
learn, so I highly recommend going
through the tutorial at least once. After
MUL TI-FONT PRINTER
NX-1000
NEW
The NX-1000 gives you plenty of print
options for attractive printing. Four
typestyles. Four pitch sizes, in standard
and italics foratotal of 32NLQmodes. The
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features plus online access to 7 color
printing and graphics. Black, blue, red,
yellow, green, violet, and orange. Both
models have a 1 year warranty, nationwide
service and a 30 day online trial.
1 95
NX-1000 SYSTEM INCLUDES:
• Star NX-1000 Printer * 7 *7 *4
• Blue Streak Ultima * *£ w ,
• Software Support Trio ^fSSSffSfc
NX-1000 SPECS: 144 cpsDraft. 36 cpsNLG(18x23 dot main*).
4 NLQ Fonts. Hales, Sub & Superscripts, Emphasizod, Oou-
biostnko, Proportional, Condensed, International, Downloadable,
Quad Tal,DouWoTall.Undoilino,9*Prtchs, Forward and Reverse
rv216*Lino Foods, Absolute or Relative Von & Horz. Tabs, Left,
Centor or Right Justification, 8 Graphics Modes lo 1920 dpi, Macro
Instruction, Bidirecfion, Adjustable Tractor Feed, 200* Printable
Characters. Semi Auto Sheet Feed, Front Panel Soft Touch
Control. Epson and IBM Emulate, 4k Data Butter, Hex Dump.
Rainbow; Same plus color.
NX-1000 RAINBOW SYSTEM INCLUDES:
95
$ 288
• Star NX-1000
Colour Printer
■ Blue Streak Ultima +m Shipping and lnsuranoe
• Software Trio COMPLETE
• Color Super Gemprint
SUPER
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TYPE
SELECTION/
TUTORIAL
Online inslnxlional program Wis transfer a Pmode 0. 1, 2, 3, or
thai win select 24 special features 4 picture sciaen to printer B'xtV
ol your printer or display methods hardcopy. Black/white, while/black
to incorporate them into your or grey level shading tor color,
programs.
Price, availability and specifications subject to change without notice.
HI-RES
SUPER
GEMPRINT
Disk software that will
transfer a Hscreen 1.2,3 or 4
picture screen to printer.
Grey level shading tor color.
Software Trio
$1Q95
FREE
with purchase ol any
NX-1000 Printer
DAYTON ASSOCIATES Wt 9 INC.
7201 CLA1RCREST. Bl.DG. D
DAYTON. OHIO 45424
OHIO RESIDENTS ADD b% SALES TAX • C.O.D. ADD S2.(K)
PERSONAL SERVICE
(513) 236-1454
Visa & MasterCard
wilhin the continental U.S.
you become familiar with Stylo, you
can easily do just about anything you
want.
There are a few small differences
between the standard OS-9 version and
the new version. The two I think most
important are the different keystroke
combinations used for the tab function
and the escape sequence. I did not find
a reference to the delete key, but 1 am
sure it is in the manual somewhere. But
these differences will give you very little
heartache when compared to the power
and versatility you will gain.
Just like earlier incarnations of Stylo,
the new OS-9 Level II version can be
configured to just about any hardware
setup you can think of. It already has
a large list of supported printers; if you
do not find yours or a compatible listed,
you can modify the drivers for your
printer. This is not hard. The program
lakes you through a menu and asks
questions about your printer; if you
have your printer manual handy, you
should not have a problem. In most
cases you will find that your printer or
one that is compatible will be listed.
You can also configure your terminal,
but this feature will probably only be
used by those people who use the re-
mote terminal feature of OS-9. Stylo
even supports hard drives. As I said
earlier, you can configure Stylo just
about any way you want.
"/ think Stylograph
has taken the CoCo,
under OS-9 Level II,
another giant step
forward. "
Stylo uses three main modes. The
Supervisor mode is well-named. It does
not do much of the real work, but you
go from there to the other menus where
the real work is done. The Supervisor
menu allows you to choose the options
of editing, printing, saving, loading,
appending, erasing or spooling a file to
another file to be printed later.
The Insert mode is used to enter the
text. This mode actually contains three
modes: Insert, Overwrite and Pro-
grammers. The first two should be fairly
clear by their names. The Programmers
mode is new, but not to old users of
Stylo. It can be invoked from either the
126
THE RAINBOW July ;988
Insert or Overwrite mode and is similar
to those two except that it adds a feature
to aid people who do programming.
Using the tab stops, the cursor will
return to the last tab used after each
return (sort of resetting the left margin
temporarily). This helps if you indent a
section of your file.
The third mode is the Escape mode,
for cursor control. It allows you to
move around the screen and to scroll the
screen. It is also used for finding,
replacing, moving, erasing or duplicat-
ing text strings. This is where block
manipulations are done.
Stylo is also extremely comprehen-
sive in its ability to format text. It
includes all the things a printer can do
to text, i.e., make it bold, enhanced,
expanded, underlined, overlined, etc.
But, for me. Stylo's best feature is its
dynamic formatting. As soon as you
enter a formal code, you see the effects
on the screen. Centering, left and right
justification and even underlining is
shown right on the screen. Footers and
headers are shown on each page along
with the page breaks. These along with
the status line let you know just where
you are on a page — and you will know
exactly how the output will look. The
status line tells you the column, line and
page number of the cursor.
Now, Stylo cannot duplicate all the
special effects on the screen that your
printer can on paper (like boldface and
overlines), but a view command is
available that shows all the words that
have special effects on them, and the
effects are coded so that you will know
at a glance exactly what they are. Stylo
even includes a math package to allow
manipulating numbers in the text, both
by row and by column. There are many
other features too numerous to men-
tion.
Stylo has finally brought all the
features of a professional "big comput-
er" word processor to the Color Com-
puter. You will have to see it to fully
appreciate all the features. But as al-
ways, I would like to see an addition.
The current modes are displayed above
the status line, all but for the Pro-
grammers mode: 1 would like to see this
included. Also, Stylo comes with a
template of the keyboard to illustrate
the special keys. The template 1 received
was for the CoCo 2, which has a key-
board layout different from that of the
CoCo 3. The company is, however,
working on a new template.
My final criticism concerns the spell-
ing checker; it does not correct mis-
spelled words for you. It will flag the
word, but you still have to look up the
spelling yourself. When I misspell some-
thing, 1 want a program to tell me how
to fix it, or at least make a suggestion.
I have this complaint with most spell
checkers. To be fair, I must add that
while the spelling checker does not do
all 1 would like it to, it does what it does
do very fast.
Overall, 1 think Stylograph has taken
the CoCo, under OS-9 Level II, another
giant step forward. And while it works
with I28K, it really needs 512K to soar
like an eagle. I highly recommend
Stylograph to anyone who does serious
word processing or wants to take ad-
vantage of all the features the CoCo 3
has to offer. Now, if we could just
convince "some people" to take the
Color Computer seriously, showing
them it is not a game machine but the
most powerful eight-bit computer
money can buy, well, we could really fly.
(Stylo Software, Inc., P.O. Box 916, Idaho
Falls, ID 83402, 208-529-3210; $199.95)
- Dale Shell
1 Cnft
QUI 1
CoCo 1.2&3
war o
EZ Writer —
User-Friendly Letter
Writer
No matter how many times I label
myself the "world's worst correspond-
ent" I always feel that surely I have some
stiff competition for the title. Are you
The Ultimate
Serial to Parallel
Screens
I" C< iSr
8x- y ioo°
MJMfiM
Color Screen Dump Software
Use your la vorite program to create a pmode or hi-res graphic image, but don't
stop there! Run our color graphics software and print a color image using a
pallette olBU colors on your NX-1000 Rainbow from a CoCo 1, 2, or 3. This
system superimposes 4 graphic screen dumps (black, blue, yellow & red). The
colors mix and add to give you your own color masterpiece.
$-fQ95
FREE with purchase or
Pnce, specifications subject lo change without notice. nx-iooo Rainbow Primer
System Requirements: 32k ECB Disk. Blue Streak 1 .1.3 or Ultima
DAYTON ASSOCIATES ffi, INC.
7201 CLAIRCREST, BLDG. D
DAYTON, OHIO 45424
OHIO RESIDENTS ADD 6% SALES TAX • C.O.D. ADD S2.00
PERSONAL SERVICE
(513) 236-1454
Visa & MasterCard
within the continental U.S.
I
July 1988 THE RAINBOW
127
one of those people who, like me, just
can't seem to get around to writing
letters, no matter how good you feel
when you actually drop that envelope
into the mailbox? If so, EZ Writer,
available on tape or disk from E.Z.
Friendly Software, may be of interest to
you.
EZ Writer enables you to compose a
short (one page maximum) letter, save
it to disk or tape and print out one or
more copies, without the struggle of
learning a full-featured word processor.
It also provides the capability of storing
a mailing list, which can be used to print
mailing labels.
A separate copy of your letter can be
printed for each person on the mailing
list, complete with personalized address
and salutation on each. This is an
extremely nice feature and would have
immediate value to small businessmen,
club secretaries, and people who send
out those "state of the household"
letters in their Christmas cards! Once a
letter or mailing list is stored, it can be
retrieved and updated as necessary.
EZ Writer is intended to be simple to
use and attractive to people who do not
care to invest the necessary hours to
learn word processing. In that intent it
succeeds admirably. I was able to begin
typing a letter within minutes of open-
ing the package, with only the barest
glance at the documentation, which is
clear and readable. The screen displays
are largely self-evident, and there are no
confusing inconsistencies. If you find
word processing intimidating, you'll
love EZ Writer'.
On the other side of the commentary,
however, the program is written entirely
in BASIC, and is therefore quite slow. I
am not a great typist, but EZ Writer was
consistently unable to keep up with me.
Another irritant involves mailing labels.
There is no provision for checking
alignment of the label paper before
printing commences, nor can you sus-
pend printing in the case of a printer
jam.
Some of my complaints about this
package are a matter of design trade-
offs: Should the program be easy, or
more flexible? In each case, the author
went for ease of use. The text you enter
can only be edited by replacing individ-
ual lines with new ones, and the new
lines must be very nearly the same
length as the old ones. You have no
choice as to the wording of the saluta-
tion ("Dear") or the closing ("Sin-
cerely"), nor do you have control over
such things as page size, line length,
margins, etc. The author's stated goal is
128 THE RAINBOW July 1988
one of relieving the user of having to
deal with technical clutter.
I found one error in the program.
Prior to printing a letter, it asks if you
want to change the printer baud rate. If
you do, and respond with 2400, as in
my case, the program does not reset the
baud rate. Instead it returns to "Do you
want to change the baud rate?" It
continues to ask this until you respond
with Y and give it a value other than
2400.
You can fix this error by replacing
lines 765 and 766 with a line in which
you simply do a POKE ( 150, .v.v), where
XX is the appropriate value for your
baud rate. If you don't care to mess with
the program, you should set your baud
rate before running the program, then
answer N when asked if you want to
reset it.
EZ Writer is a great program for
someone who wants the minimum nec-
essary to write and print a single-page
letter.
(E.Z. Friendly Software, Mutton & Orchard
Streets, Rhinecliff. NY 12574, 914-876-3935;
$19.95 plus S1.50S/H)
— Jim K. Issel
1 D nn |f
DUUrV
Computer
Dictionary —
From A Bus
to Zone, Plus
Shortly after I joined the editorial
staff of RAINBOW, I was given the task
of compiling an in-house dictionary/
stylcbook to help the editors deal con-
sistently with "Computerese." I pre-
pared a formidable list of the terms,
abbreviations and acronyms we regu-
larly encounter, then began to search
for standard spellings and definitions.
The effort was only partly successful,
however, because I soon discovered that
computer vocabulary is a vast conglom-
eration of specialized terminologies and
a sort of high-tech patois that seems to
change, along with the technology, by
the nanosecond.
Fortunately, I was relieved of my
duties as company lexicographer when
we acquired the fourth edition of
Charles Sippl's Computer Dictionary,
which has become an indispensable
resource for all of us here at THE rain-
bow. Although we use it professionally
in a variety of situations (from verifying
spelling to clarifying terms and con-
cepts), this would be a valuable refer-
ence book for anyone who spends any
time at all around computers. It is easy
to use and covers an impressive number
of subjects in a thorough, straightfor-
ward way.
As in a normal dictionary, the entries
in Computer Dictionary are alphabet-
ized (abbreviations are alphabetized
right along with the words rather than
grouped together at the beginning), and
the first and last entry on each page
appear as headings to let you know
what you will find on that page. There
are also numerous cross-references to
simplify your search for items that
could have more than one location -
for example, the entry "primitives" says
"See graphics primitives." This is an
important timesaver, because there are
so many computer terms that mean
essentially the same thing but are re-
ferred to in different ways.
Since this is a dictionary, the infor-
mation you need is quickly accessible
and presented in manageable propor-
tions — but it is by no means limited
to minimal definitions. Computer Dic-
tionary is billed as a "browsing diction-
ary"; the entries contain enough detail,
description, historical background, and
even diagrams and photographs to
provide a clear explanation of each
subject.
Computer Dictionary contains more
than 12,000 entries dealing with
micro-, mini- and mainframe computer
technology. The entries range from
elementary (bit, disk, garbage) to eso-
teric (econometrics, silicon compila-
tion, zalacode indexing) and cover a
wide selection of computer-related
topics.
The publishers are apparently com-
mitted to keeping this book as current
as possible, too, revising it as the com-
puter industry grows and changes. This
edition has been updated and contains
over 1,000 new entries, with an empha-
sis on robotics, artificial intelligence
and factory automation. In his preface,
the author suggests 20 areas of techno-
logical advancement that may bear
watching in the future. They include
developments in such areas as office
automation, operating systems, voice
recognition and synthesis, and
computer-controlled video systems —
developments that will presumably be
included in future editions of Computer
Dictionary. Such concern with the
evolution of computer technology is a
measure of the reliability and usefulness
of this book.
These days, the volume and complex-
ity of computer-related subjects can be
intimidating and confusing. But. to
borrow from an old adage, you don't
need to know everything, as long as you
know where to look it up. And that's
easy — just reach for your Computer
Dictionary.
(Howard W. Sams & Co., Inc., 4300 West
62nd St., Indianapolis, IN 46268, 800-428-
3602; $24.95)
— Jody Gilbert
* Softwar e
CoCo3
SystemS —
CoCo 3 Graphics
Package
SystemS is a Hi-Res graphics gener-
ator written for your 512K CoCo 3,
requiring at least one disk drive, a
monitor and Radio Shack's Hi-Res
Interface (Cat. No. #26-3028).
You can use the program with a
joystick or touch pad, but a mouse is
recommended. The disk is not copy-
protected, so you can make a backup
copy for safekeeping. Although I did
not try the program on a color compos-
ite monitor, the 20-page instruction
booklet explains how to merge a com-
posite routine available on the disk.
The program boots with a simple RUN
"SYSTEMS", but loading takes about 30
seconds. The main program is written
in machine language — once it's loaded,
the program is fast and smooth.
The main menu presents 20 icons
ready for action. You use your mouse
or joystick to point to the desired icon,
and then press the button to select it.
The drawing icons include Box, Cir-
cle, Line and Freehand. You can make
any size rectangle or circle you want.
Line lets you draw lines using the
"rubber band" method, while Freehand
allows you to draw at will. There are five
cursor sizes in cursor control mode,
comparable to the range from a fine-
tipped pen to a piece of chalk.
You can choose foreground and
background colors and fill in your
drawings by choosing the Paint icon,
and with Text you can add words to
your artwork. Spray Paint is a little like
doing graffiti - you actually "spray"
color on the screen. Another interesting
effect is Radi, which makes four mirror-
image freehand patterns on the x and y
axes. You have to see this function to
appreciate it.
Editing icons include Palette, Big
Pixels, Copy, Erase, Block Erase and
Clear. Palette lets you use all of CoCo
3's 64 available colors in your pictures.
The settings are saved and loaded with
your pictures automatically. Big Pixels
enlarges an area of the screen for precise
editing; this helps you achieve detail.
With Copy you can duplicate an entire
image or part of an image on another
pari of the screen. Erase and Block
Erase let you wipe away a little or a lot
of your work. If you're really unhappy
with your drawing, you can use Clear
to wipe the whole screen and start again.
The other icon options are Print,
Load, Save and Exit, which are self-
explanatory. The programmer blessed
the Exit function with an "Are you
sure?" feature, which might save a
careless CoCoist hours of work.
At any time during your drawing
exercises you can press the Fi key. This
results in a drop-down menu that has
the options of Undo, All Undo, Insure
and Redraw. Undo lets you erase or
delete your last activity. If you don't like
the size of the last square you drew, just
Undo it. You can even erase a series of
activities.
Insure/ Redraw is a novel feature.
With these two commands you can save
an image temporarily in memory and
then recall it. This is useful if you are
not quite satisfied with your work and
keep modifying it only to realize later
that you should have left it alone in the
first place! When you have reached a
turning point in your drawing and are
unsure about how to proceed, select
Insure and try out some different ways.
If you don't like the changes, just select
Redraw and your original picture will
appear. Although you can do the same
Reviewer
Information
In order to continue to bring
Tandy Color Computer users
all the best information about
new hardware and software
products each month, we are
expanding our independent
review staff. Therefore, we in-
vite you to join the rainbow's
elite fleet of reviewers.
You read the rainbow be-
cause you love your Tandy
Color Computer, so if you want
a creative outlet and a chance
to examine quality hardware
and software, with your obser-
vations published nationwide,
we want to hear from you.
Send us a cover letter with
your name, address, occupa-
tion, list of equipment, areas of
general interests, and a sample
review of a CoCo product you
are currently using. We look
forward to your response. After
all, we already see you have the
best taste in computers.
Reply to:
Reviews Editor
THE RAINBOW
The Falsoft Building
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
July 1988 THE RAINBOW
129
thing with disk saves, this approach is
faster and provides easier editing.
The author states in the manual that
SystemS was not intended to print out
pictures, but he has included two print
routines in the program for the DMP-
105, DMP-106 and D MP- 1 30 printers.
I have a Star printer, so 1 was unable
to try the print function.
SystemS supports up to four disk
drives, and I can see why. Each picture
takes up 14 granules on the disk! The
picture files are saved with a .PIC
extension. A demo picture is included
on the system disk.
I am impressed with System5. My
first thought upon opening the package
was that it was just another graphics
package, but it is really fun and very
easy to use. The command icons are
simple and straightforward. I was un-
able to detect any serious flaws in the
program, and it performed as adver-
tised. Although it does not offer some
of the more advanced options available
from the big guys, this neat package is
well worth your consideration.
(Sun Products, 5455 Hansel Ave., Building
I„ Suite 7, Edgewood, FL 32809, 804-451-
1255; $12.95: First product review for this
company appearing in the rainbow.)
— Jerry Semones
CoCo 1 . 2 & 3
Hyper-I/O -
Configure Your
Drive System
If you have been considering a 3'/j-
inch drive or hard drive for your CoCo,
Hyper-I/ O from Burke & Burke may be
what you arc looking for, especially if
you don't want to move to OS-9. Hyper-
I/O is a dynamic disk interface that
allows you to use almost any type of
floppy or hard disk drive in any com-
bination on a CoCo 1 , 2 or 3. It can also
coexist on a hard drive with OS-9 if you
change your mind and want to use OS-
9 at a later time.
Hyper-I 10 comes on an unprotected
disk and has an 80-page manual that
fully explains all of the many functions.
Oilier features include full user-
configurability, the ability to put
Hyper-I 10 on EPROM, enhanced
BASIC commands for access to new
features, and the ability to read stand-
ard disks in quad-density drives.
The program is compatible with the
Burke & Burke CoCo XT and CoCo
XT-RTC hard disk (reviewed April
1988, Page 137) and competitive hard
disk systems. It has full reset protection
for RAM-based systems and an op-
tional RAM disk and print spooler for
the CoCo 3 called Hyper-Ill.
There are several different programs
on the disk, including some OS-9 util-
ities. The disk is divided into RS-DOS
and OS-9 areas, so a FREE statement
will indicate that the disk is full even
though it does not appear to be when
counting the number of granules used.
HDIR displays a directory of a Hyper-
I/O MSA under OS-9. HDEL will delete
a file from a Hyper-I/O MSA. HCOPY
will copy a file between OS-9 and
Hyper-I/O. PATCH is an assembly lan-
guage utility used to overlay a memory-
resident module. C5M is an overlaid
version of the OS-9 Level I assembler
ASM, which has been modified to gener-
ate RS-DOS compatible output. Fi-
nally, in the DEFS directory there is a set
of 1 1 equate files that, when used with
CSM and HCOPY, can be used to write
Hyper-I/O device drivers under OS-9.
In order to use Hyper-I/O it is neces-
sary lo learn a few new terms. MSA
(mass storage area) and disk handles are
two new terms with which you will need
to become very familiar. Mass storage
areas come in two types, "flat" and
"RBF" MSAs. A llat'MSA is allowed
to lake up all the space on a storage
device (a floppy drive) while an RBF
MSA is allowed only a portion of a
device (a hard drive). Il is the RBI-
MS As that are compatible with OS-9.
MSAs can be as large as 3 Mb or as
small as 2K. This way you can organize
your hard drive in any way you want,
having RS-DOS and OS-9. Disk han-
dles are the four drive handles for all of
the MSAs.
While you can define hundreds of
MSAs, you can have only four handles
at any time. This allows you to use a
single drive in many ways. For instance,
you can sel up two double-sided 40-
Irack drives as two large drives or four
small drives. Hyper-I/O gives you new
commands that allow you to change this
setup on the fly.
Hyper-I/O upgrades Disk Extended
Color BASK" to provide new features
and commands. It changes all functions
and commands using drive numbers to
use disk handles instead, but uses exist-
ing error messages for new commands
and features. The manual fully explains
the new commands and related error
messages.
The BACKUP command copies one
MSA to another, but the MSAs must
be of the same size. To copy programs
from one type of MSA to another, use
COPY. Hyper-I/ O adds a feature to COPY
that allows you to specify a destination
disk handle without typing the filename
a second time. The output of DIR was
changed slightly lo show the disk handle
for flat MSAs and the volume label for
RBF MSAs.
New commands in Hyper-I/O in-
clude OPEN DRIVE, which has four
forms of use, and UNLOAD, which closes
all files on the MSA specified by the
disk handle and then calls the MSA's
device driver PARK function. The PARK
function puts your storage device into
a stale that allows the device to be safely
transported -- a must for hard drive
systems.
I tested this program on two Teac
slim-line DS/DD drives and could not
find any problems with standard BASIC
programs. All binary programs so far
have returned me to standard RS-DOS
alter running, which 1 expected; you
would need to put Hyper-I/O on an
EPROM to prevent this. I have not had
any programs crash as a result of
Hyper-I/O being in the system.
I enlisted the aid of Dick White to test
the program on his 314-inch drive and
his new hard drive using the Burke &
Burke CoCo XT interface. He had
already set up his hard drive for OS-9
but did try to set up four RBF (OS-9
term for any disk drive) MSAs on the
3'/4-inch drive. He discovered a bug that
would not allow this and sent a message
on Delphi to Chris Burke. The bug was
very quickly corrected, and both Dick
and I had the corrected copy in a few
days. Chris is very helpful and supports
his products.
If you find yourself considering some
of the larger drives that are now becom-
ing available at lower costs. Hyper-I/O
will put all that new space lo work for
you, especially if you want to use it (or
even part of it) with RS-DOS.
(Burke & Burke, P.O. Box 1283, Palatine,
II. 60078. 312-397-2898; S29.95; Hyper-Ill,
SI9.95)
— Barry Pottinger
130
THE RAINBOW July 1988
1 Cnft
ware
C0C01.2&3
Mr. Corey —
Save the World
from Nuclear
Destruction
Mr. Corey, an Adventure from Val-
kyrie Software, takes place on an un-
charted island where secret nuclear
experiments are being conducted. As a
secret agent for ATHENA, you have
been discovered and placed in a security
cell with a ticking time bomb. Your job
is to escape your captors in time to warn
the world of the evil deeds planned by
the villainous Mr. Corey.
Mr. Corey is similar to another Val-
kyrie program. Tomb oj'T'ien (reviewed
in the May '88 RAINBOW, Page 1 29). in
terms of overall style. Colorful graphics
are used along with text to provide a
split-screen type of display. The top half
shows your surroundings, and the bot-
tom half is used to type in commands.
Mr. Corey needs at least 64K of
RAM and Extended Color BASIC. Ii
will run line on the C0C0 3, but if you
are using the Tandy CM-8 RGB mon-
itor, be prepared to see the graphics in
black and white. If you connect your
C0C0 3 to either a composite color
monitor or a color TV, you will sec the
program in full color.
The software, available on tape or
disk, is copy-protected, but a free
replacement will be sent if you develop
problems during the first year. A non-
executable backup can also be made
that will allow you to repair the original
if a problem develops.
Mr. Corey is a fascinating Adventure
thai kept me busy for hours. The pro-
gram uses the familiar direction com-
mands such as N or North, etc. You can
Get, Put, Drop, Open, Go and Look. As
usual, you can also keep track of the
items that you are carrying with the
Inventory command. These are just a
small sampling of the straightforward
commands involved.
You will have to use all of your wits
to solve this one. Never give up when
commands don't seem to work. I found
in one particular case, a violent act such
as 'Kick'ing was needed. A game save
command is also available to allow you
to quit without having to start all over
again the next time you play. The
program is in two parts: The first tests
your ability to escape the security cell;
and the second, which automatically
loads, will keep you busy for hours, and
in my case — days!
Mr. Corey is a good Adventure. The
graphics are fair, but their lack of detail
compared to other Adventures on the
market does not deter from the appeal
of the program. 1 admire the author,
Scott Settembre, for his unconventional
style and technique. Valkyrie has done
a nice job in providing interesting,
challenging and fun Adventure pro-
grams to the C0C0 Community, and
this one is deserving of a spot on your
computer table. But, really, does a name
like "Mr. Corey" sound villainous to
you? It sounds more like a high school
science instructor to me.
(Valkyrie Software, P.O. Box 2120, Mon-
roe, NY 10950, 914-783-0191; S19.95 plus S2
S/H)
— David Gerald
One- Liner Con I est Winner . . .
This short utility converts the screen location of a
PRINTS statement to the coordinates of a SET
stalement. or vice versa.
The listing:
1 INPUT"pRINT@ OR SET" ;A$ : IFA$="
P"THENCLS:INPUT"PRINT@";P:K=P/3 2
: V=INT ( K) *2 : H=(K-V/2)* 64: PRINT" S
ET(";H;", ";V;",C) ":SET(H,V,3) :GO
TOl :ELSECLS: INPUT" SET (H,V)";H,V:
M=(H/64) :K=INT(V/2)+M:P=INT(K*3 2
) : PRINT" PRINT @" ; P: PRINT@P, CHR$ ( 1
82) :GOT01
Don Rowan
Minneapolis, MN
(For this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The Third Rainbow Book oj Adventures and its companion The
Thini Rainbow Adventures Tape.)
One- Liner Contest Winner . . .
If you (or your child) need to brush up on your
multiplication tables from I to 12, Ihis one-liner is the
one to have.
The listing:
10 CLS8:FORD=2T012:CLS8: PRINT"
MULTIPLICATION TABLE FOR";D:PRIN
■p " ==============================
=" : F0RK=1T012 : PRINTTAB ( lj3 ) D ; "X" ;
K;"=";D*K:NEXTK: PRINT" PRESS SHI
FT & § TO PAUSE. ":FORX=1TO1000:N
EXT : NEXTD : CLS 3 : INPUT " ANOTHER? Y
OR N" ;Z$:IFZ$="Y"THEN10
Joe F. Sobieski
Johnstown, I' A
(lei this winning one-liner contest entry, the author has been sent copies
of both The third Rainbow Book of Adventures and its companion The
Third Rainhow Adventures tape.)
July 1986
THE RAINBOW
131
aMw
The following products have recently been received by
THE RAINBOW, examined by our magazine staff and
issued the Rainbow Seal of Certification, your assurance
that we have seen the product and have ascertained that
it is what it purports to be.
■^PAL-WRITE, an assembly language
program development system for the
CoCo 3 that lets the programmer write
and assemble programs using a full-
screen editor and a menu-driven envi-
ronment. C-Ware Laboratory, P.O.
Box 4967. San Antonio. TX 78285.
(512)690-1788; $30.
'& BASIC Utility Diskette, a collection
of utilities for BASIC programmers thai
includes the ability to perform line-by-
line comparison of two programs, pre-
pare a cross-reference of line numbers,
read data from text memory and print
it out, and print to a CoCo disk file in
blocks. T.E.M. of California. Box 431 1,
Fullerton. CA 92634. (714) 871-8210;
$19.95.
& The Color Job Diary, a BASIC pro-
gram that keeps track of customer
accounts for any type of business. There
is no limit to the number of files the
program can accommodate. Epson-
compatible printers are supported and
a mouse is required. Color Alloy CoCo
3 Products, 1124 Dennev Drive, Du-
luth, MN 55805, (218) 724-3663; $20
plus $3 SI H.
<4& DIR Cataloger V. 1.5, a utility that
reads a disk directory and disassembles
it into several sections: filename, exten-
sion, file type, etc. Directory informa-
tion can be sent to the screen, printer or
disk file. Requires a CoCo 2 with 32K
memoryoraCoCo3. Mouse Software
Ltd., 7013 Summit Ave., Cincinnati.
OH 45243. (513) 984-4089; $20.
V Disk Manager Tree, a utility that
allows file manipulation on OS-9 disks,
whether RAM disk, hard drive or
floppy. It uses a "tree" display to show
relationships if directories and subdi-
rectories. OS- J Level II, at least one
disk drive and a CoCo 3 with 512K
required. Alpha Software Technolo-
gies. 2810 Buffon St.. Chalmette, LA
70043. (504) 279-1653; $29.95.
132 THE RAINBOW July 1988
<4pThe Entertainer, a collection of 12
programs for entertainment, consisting
of puzzles, brain games and games of
chance. Included is a two-player strat-
egy game. For the CoCo 1, 2 and 3.
George Aftamonow, 46 Howe St., Mil-
ford, CT 06460, (203) 878-3602; $10.
V GCS File Transfer V. 1.4, a group
of OS-9 programs that transfer files on
MS-DOS and FLEX-format floppies to
and from the CoCo. CoCo 3 and OS-
9 Level II required. Granite Computer,
Route 2. Box 445. Hillshoro, NH 03244,
(603) 464-3850; $44.95.
Graphics-25, a 100-percent machine
language graphics utilities program that
allows you to use the full memory range
of the 512K CoCo 3 to create up to 25
HSCREEN 1 and 3 screens, or up to 13
HSCREEN 2 and 4 screens. It also allows
instant changes of all 16 palettes and
adds new graphics commands to BASIC.
Gimmesoft, P.O. Box 421. Perrv Hall.
MD 21128. (301) 256-7558; $24.95.
O KJV CoCo Disk No. 14. the Bible's
Book of Matthew on disk in ASCII
format. Requires a CoCo I, 2 or 3 with
32K and at least one disk drive. Also
requires a word processor. BDS Soft-
ware. P.O. Box 485 P. Glenview, 1L
60025. (312) 998-1656; $3.
Memo Calendar, a program that will
display a calendar on your monitor for
any month from 1984 to 1999. Memos
and reminders can be grouped in files.
For the CoCo 1. 2 and 3. A disk drive
is required; a printer is optional. Sunrise
Software. 8901 NW 26 St.. Sunrise. FL
33322; $19.95 plus $2 S/ H.
MPI Locking Plate, two styles of
boards that firmly attach a Multi-Pak
Interface to the CoCo, preventing costly
damage that could result from jostling.
Gimmesoft, P.O. Box 421. Perrv Hall.
MD 21128. (301)256-7558; $9.95.
«§»OS-9 Level II BBS, a set of com-
mands and utilities you can use to create
an OS-9 BBS program. For the CoCo
3 with OS-9 Level II. Alpha Software
Technologies, 2810 Buffon St..
Chalmette, LA 70043. (504) 279-1653;
$19.95.
V-Term Terminal Emulator, a multi-
tasking terminal emulation program for
the CoCo 3 that emulates VTIOO and
VT52 terminals and supports CoCo 3
memory. Support for multiple files in
memory is included to remove the need
to constantly save capture buffers and
Xmodem downloads to disk. Gimme-
soft, P.O. Box 421, Perrv Hall. MD
21128. (301) 256-7558; $39.95.
<&> First product received from this company
The Seal of Certification program is open to all manufacturers of products
for the Tandy Color Computer, regardless of whether they advertise in
THE RAINBOW.
By awarding a Seal, the magazine certifies the product does exist — that
we have examined it and have a sample copy — but this does not constitute
any guarantee of satisfaction. As soon as possible, these hardware or
software items will be forwarded to THE RAINBOW reviewers for
evaluation.
— Lauren Willoughby
The Seventh Year
Of Rainbow
An index to the articles, programs, reviews
and authors appearing in the rainbow from
July 1987 through June 1988.
Compiled and Edited
by Leslie A. Foster
Copyright© 1988, Falsoff, Inc.
TOTAL NUMBER OF ARTICLES
(July 1981 to June 1988) — 4129
This is the fifth index lo the Rainbow.
Previous indexes to the Rainbow are available as
follows:
July 1981 to June 1984— July 1984 issue
July 1984 to June 1985— July 1985 issue
July 1985 to June 1986— July 1986 issue
July 1986 to June 1987— July 1987 issue
The subject breakdown, and number of items
per heading are shown below. The number follow-
ing in brackets is the total number of articles pub-
lished since 1981 in that topic (where indexed).
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE - 2 (45)
BUSINESS -9 (38)
CLUBS -3 (15)
COMMUNICATIONS — 27 (92)
DISK - 4 (62)
EDITORIAL COMMENT - 22 (46)
EDUCATION-GENERAL - 77 (255)
GAME -41 (292)
GAME-ADVENTURE — 4 (26)
GAME UTILITY — 3(3)
GENERAL — 14 (178)
GRAPHICS -58 (274)
HARDWARE PROJECT - 12 (57)
HARDWARE TUTORIAL - 5 (23)
HINT - 26 (57)
HOME APPLICATION — 31 (125)
MUSIC - 15 (66)
ONE/TWO LINER PROGRAMS - 34 (99)
OPERATING SYSTEMS-OS9 - 22 (103)
PRINTER — 13 (77)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS - 27 (101)
TUTORIAL -24 (76)
UTILITY -32 (170)
WORD PROCESSING - 1 (14)
TOTAL NUMBER OF ARTICLES - 613 (4129)
AUTHORS — 444 (2280)
PRODUCT REVIEWS — 132 (1681)
RAINBOW ON TAPE/DISK - 335 (1795)
Leslie A. Foster is the System Manager
of Novanet, a jointly owned computer
library system for the academic libraries
in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE
Dibble, Peter. "A computer's ancient native lan-
guage." {July 1987) 100 — Assembly language
aid. CDUMP
Gabler, David J. "Assembly language: Gelling
back to BASICS." (June 1988) 44
BUSINESS
Archer, David. "CoCo 3 number cruncher " (March
1988) 146 — Spreadsheet program. SUM128
MONTEST
Bernico, Bill. "Advertising profit predictor."
(March 1988) 32 ADPROFIT
Conant, Shawn. "Putting it on their tab." (March
1988) 20 — Print invoices for parts and labor.
BILLGEN
Corson, Alan J. "The CoCo power user." (May
1988) 146 — CoCo 3 as an effective office auto-
mation tool.
Hitko. Don. "Worksheet printer." (March 1988) 73
SHEET
Leistico, Dale James. "Delivering the goods."
(March 1988) 36 — Bookkeeping system for
newspaper carriers. PAPERS
May, Charles. "Taking stock." (March 1988) 60 —
Inventory control. STOCK
Paroubek, Larry M. "Finding the right person for
the job." (January 1988) 106 — Create job
descriptions. JOB DESC
Thompson, E. C. "In good form." (March 1988) 72
— Print receipts. RECEIPT
CLUBS
"Clubs, clubs, clubs." (August 1987) 146
"Clubs, clubs, clubs." (December 1987) 148
"Clubs, clubs, clubs." (May 1988) 141
COMMUNICATIONS
Alger, Paul. "Caught up in a galactic conflict."
(November 1987) 78 — BBS game. Correction,
January, 1988, p.138. NEWGAME GALACTIC
REMOTE2
Anderson, Doug. "Personal password protector."
(November 1987) 95 — Random password
generator. PASSWORD
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: A conversation
with the CoCo SIG manager " (October 1987)
100
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: All roads lead to
the CoCo SIG." /July 1987) 120
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Bringing it down!"
(June 1988) 163
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Buffer capture
garbage." (September 1987) 46
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Delphi's online
debate team." (February 1988) 146
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Files and
protocols." (May 1988) 160
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Reach out and
touch someone." (March 1988) 140
Augsburg. Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Some helpful
improvements." (November 1987) 62
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: The battle line is
being drawn." (August 1987) 102
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Database down-
loading." (April 1988) 157.
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: The times are
achanging." (December 1987) 121
Bossinger, Sean. "Autodial reaches out across the
miles." (November 1987) 144 AUTODIAL
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (July 1987)
121
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (August 1987)
102
Hutchison, Don. "Database report " (September
1987) 46
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (October
1987) 100
Hutchison, Don. "Database report " (November
1987)63
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (December
1987) 121
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (February
1988) 146
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (March 1988)
140
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (April 1988)
157
Hutchison, Don. "Database report " (May 1988)
160
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (June 1988)
163
Hutchison, Don. "Getting started with Delphi."
(November 1987) 64
Jorgenson, Michael. "A BBS that's SysOp friendly
and hacker hostile." (November 1987) 152
BOOT.BAS BBS-BORD.SYS SYSOP.EDT
TEXTGEN.EDT
DISK
Berenz, Michael. "An inside view." (July 1987) 97
— Disk utility. DISKSEEK
Honaker, Scott. "Exercise your drives." (June
J9S8;110FDCAID
Lawson, Matt. "Backup and go." (July 1987) 98 —
Quicker disk backups. Correction. June 1988,
p.38. FASTCOPY
McGarrity. A. L. "The perfect disk manager." (July
1987) 30— Disk utility LOCATOR DISKDATA
EDITORIAL COMMENT
Falk. Lawrence C. "PrintS-2" (June 1988) 10 —
Discussion of suit between Apple and Microsoft
and HP.
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print«-2." (July 1987) 12 —
Sixth anniversary comments.
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (August 1987) 12 —
Changes for the next year.
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (September 1987) 12
— Discussion of Rainbow Seal of Certification.
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (October 1987) 12 —
"We're doing OK."
Falk, Lawrence C. "Printtf-2." (November 1987) 12
— "An exchange of ideas."
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (January 1988) 12 —
"Keeping in touch."
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print»-2." (February 1988) 12
— "Some random thoughts."
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (March 1988) (March
1988) 12 — 'Yes, Alan, there is a future for the
Color Computer.'
Falk. Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (April 1988) 12 —
'Seasons of change' (Staff changes at the
Rainbow.j
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (May 1988) 12 —
How the Rainbow supports all models of
coCo"s.
Kapfhammer. Jutta. "Building a Rainbow."
(September 1987) 16 — Continuing Rainbow's
development.
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building October's
Rainbow." (October 1987) 16
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building January's
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 133
Rainbow." (January 1988) 16 — Introduction to
beginner's issue.
Kapfhammer. Jutta. "Building February's
Rainbow." (February 1988) 16 — Introduction to
utilities issue.
Kaplhammer, Jutta. "Building March's Rainbow."
(March 1988) 16 — Introduction to business and
finance issue.
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building April's Rainbow."
(April 1988) 16 — Introduction to home help
issue.
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building May's Rainbow."
(May 1988) 16 — Upcoming changes.
Reed, James E. "Building a Rainbow." (August
1987) 16 — Introducing Jutta Kapfhammer as
new Managing Editor.
Reed, James E. "Building July's Rainbow." ( July
1987) 16
Reed, James E. "Building November's Rainbow."
(November 1987) 16 — Introduction to
Telecommunications issue.
Reed, James E. "Prlntft-2." (December 1987) 12 —
Wants help writing a book about the CoCo.
EDUCATION
Bernico, Bill. "Any way you slice it." (September
1987) 40 — Teach fractions. FRACTION
Bernico, Bill. "How much do you have?"
(September 1987) 70 — Count your money.
MONEYJAR
Bernico, Bill. "Teacher's pet." (September 1987)
76 — Help teacher total scores. GRADER
Blount, Andy. "The power of the mind."
(September 1987) 36 — Demonstrates artificial
intelligence. ANIMALS
Blyn, Steve. "Can you afford a burger attack?"
(January 1988) 54 — Estimating expenses.
FASTFOOD
Blyn. Steve. "Differences and similarities." (May
1988) 88 — Review of synonyms, etc. NYMS
Blyn, Steve. "Electricity and circuit
experimentation." (December 1987) 98 — Teach
electrical circuits. CIRCUIT
Blyn, Steve. "Fun with phonics." (March 1988) 89
PHONICS
Blyn, Steve. "Getting a fix on triangles."
(September 1987) 138 TRIANGLE
Blyn, Steve. "Learning In the end zone." (October
1987) 94 — Educational football quiz. CCBLITZ
Blyn. Steve. "Number fun for the very young."
(August 1987) 97 NUMREVUE
Blyn, Steve. "Presidential election preview." (April
1988) 70 — Polling program. ELECTION
Blyn, Steve. "Restaurant reckonings." (February
1988) 76 SHOPPING
Blyn, Steve. "Spell down to vocabulary fitness."
(July 1987) 56 — Language arts game.
SPELDOWN
Blyn, Steve. "Upgrading keyboard skills."
(November 1987) 76 — Typing tutor. TYPING
Blyn, Steve. "Who, what and where?" (June 1988)
86 — Sharpen reference skills. MAGPARTS
Dorrity, Dennis. "Report card payoff." (September
1987) 20 — Total up the report card. GRADES
Duncan, James Dale. "Learning your ABCs."
(September 1987) 72 LETRGETR
Gordley, Richard D. "CoCo sets the pace."
(September 1987) 140 — Measure reading speed
and comprehension. Correction, October 1987,
p.50. TACHISTO
Kolar, Joseph. "Parlez-vous CoCo francais?"
(December 1987) 144
Levinson, Eric. "The ins and outs of Boolean,"
(May 1988) 100 — Binary math practice.
BOOLEAN
Linge, John M. "Sounding out the ABC's."
(February 1988) 142 ABCMRG
MacLellan. Gary. "A colorful resistance." (July
1987) 44 — Teach color codes of resistors.
RESISTOR
Mayeux, Ann B. "ABC is not just child's play."
(September 1987) 58 — Introduce kids to
computers. ABC
Monroe, Richard. "Achieving simple equality."
(July 1987) 50 — Educational game for children.
BALANCE
Musumeci, John. "Goodbye flashcards."
(September 1987) 72 TIMETABL
Plog. Michael. "Computers in school
management." (November 1987) 150
Plog. Michael. "Education overview: Approaches
for lifelong learning." (August 1987) 32
Plog, Michael. "Learning readiness and
computers." (September 1987) 32
Rittenhouse, James E. "Math can be fun."
(September 1987) 71 MATHTCHR
Scerbo, Fred B. "Getting geared up for safer
driving." (September 1987) 90 — Road skills
instructor. ROADSKIL
Scerbo, Fred B. "Grammar 101 Part II." (June
1988) 154 SENTENCE
Scerbo. Fred B. "Keying into CoCo's power." (July
1987) 112* — Keyboard training. COCOKEYS
Scerbo, Fred B. "Know what I mean?" (January
1988) 90 — Recognizing complete sentences
and fragments. SENTENCE
Scerbo, Fred B. "On the road again." (December
1987) 52 — Learn traffic safety rules. ROAD II
Scerbo. Fred B. "Reading and decoding skills."
(May 1988) 74 JUMBLE
Scerbo. Fred B. "Revising the reservoir." (April
1988) 146 — Fixes to recent programs. BLOOD
HEART DRIVE2 COCOKEYS SPELLKEY
Scerbo, Fred B. "Sentence savvy." (March 1988)
78 SENTENCE
Scerbo, Fred B. "The spelling game." (August
1987) 92 COCOKEY2
Scerbo, Fred B. "The ultimate testing programs."
(February 1988) 94 — Generate quizzes.
SUPRTEST
Scerbo, Fred B. "Understanding verb use."
(October 1987) 158 VERBTEST
Smith, Bill. "Wipe out letters." (September 1987)
74 CRUNCHER
Toscano, Louis R. "The electronic blackboard."
(September 1987) 106 — Mathematics teaching
aid. GRAPH
GAME
Allen, Scot. "The Queen's quarrel." (October 1987)
28 — Chess like puzzle. QUEENS
Augsburg, Cray. "The vote is in." (February 1988)
36 — Adventure contest report.
Barden, William, Jr. "An A 'maze' ing adventure."
(February 1988) 171 FINDMAZE NEWMAZE
Behrmann, Darrel. "It's a touchdown!" (October
1987) 83 FOOTBALL
Belanger, Allan J. "CoCo concentration." (August
1987) 20 — Memory game MEMOCARD
Bernico, Bill ; and Aftamonow, George. "Beat the
dealer." (August 1987; 84 BLAKJACK
Compton, David. "Undercover CoCo." (April 1988)
73 — Construct cryptograms. ENCRYPT
DeMarco. Brian. "CoCo caliber." (April 1988) 74
SHOOTEM
DeMarco, Brian. "Picking up the pieces." (June
1988) 82 COLLECT
Donald, Steve. "Battle back with munchkin
blaster." (August 1987; 44 BLASTER
English, William D. "Learn CoCo learn." (August
1987) 50 — Artificial intelligence helps CoCo
play. COCOLERN
Flaishaker, Paul. "Theater management." (August
1987) 88 — A puzzle. THEATRE
French, Paul. "Usetown annex." (January 1988) 58
— Simulate a city planner. RVSLINE USETOWN
Gleason, Chris. "Hit me if you can." (January
1988) 76 HITME
Holsten, Phil. "Helicopter hero." (March 1988) 42
HELIHERO
James, John. "Five in a row." (March 1988) 76
CONNECTS
Johnson, Clyde, Jr. "Lunar rescue." (August 1987)
116 RESCUE
Johnson. Neil. "Scrambled screen of letters."
(August 1987) 90 — Memory game. WORD1
Jolley. David. "Start your engines." (August 1987)
86 — Racing car game SPEEDSTR
Jones, Tudor. "Solitaire upgrade — automatic
finish." (January 1988) 171 — Modification to
December, 1986. p. 76. Correction. May 1988,
p. 154.
Kenny, Keiran. "Alphabet roulette." (November
1987) 97 ALFAWORD
Kerckhoff, Peter. "Sneaky snake." (August 1987)
26 SNEAKY
Koch, Daren. "Bee zapper." (September 1987) 50
BEEZAP
Lamonica, Mary ; and Lamonica, James. "Doing
the trivia rag." (September 1987) 152 — Trivia
game. TRIVIAG: TRIVIAFC
Marsh. Albert P. "Rootin' tootin' sharpshootin'
CoCo." (August 1987) 105 SHOOTN
Martinez, Louis. "Back to square one." (January
1988) 74 PUZZLE
Miller, Scott ; and Cushing, Mike. "Guild of the
Kingmaker." (April 1988) 86 KINGBOOT; KING
Moon, J. R. "The blue block blues." (November
1987) 97 DODGE
Morrison, John. "Making magic." (August 1987) 88
— A magic square. MAGICSQR
Nevin, Bob. "Lotsa luck!" (June 1988; 81
LOTT048
Owens, Tony. "Blockout wipeout." (May 1988) 94
BLOCKOUT
Phillips. George. "Tank command." (June 1988) 60
— Defend terrain against enemy air force.
BLITZ1;BLITZ2;BLITZ3
Sirolly. Michael T. "Strata." (May 1988) 20 —
Action game. STRATA
Stewart. Shawn. "Have a hand at hangman."
(August 1987; 89 HANGMAN
Sutphin, Ricky. "A frightfully good time!" (October
1987) 20 HORROR
Sward, Steven. "Sub search." (March 1988) 122
SUBSERCH
Taulll. T. C. "Batter up!" (July 1987) 105 —Trivia
game based on baseball. TRIVIA
Tilenius. Eric W. "The urchins from the Black
Lagoon." (January 1988) 31 URCHIN
Tucker, Eric. "One good turn deserves another."
(May 1988) 30 — Strategy game. FLIPIT
Ward. Logan. "CoCo has all the answers."
(November 1987) 52 MAGIC3
Wolf, Eric A. "Into Ihe danger zone." (August 1987)
58 — F-15 ground assault simulator. F15EAGLE
GAME -ADVENTURE
Bell, Bruce K. "To overthrow the controllers."
(February 1988) 42 — Adventure contest winner
CONTROL; CNTRL
Parson, Louis. "The Kingdom of Le Lutin." (July
1987) 58 — Adventure game. Correction.
October, 1987, p. 50. LE LUTIN
Ruangchotvit, Chinarut. "Castle of death." (Febru-
ary 1988) 65 — Adventure contest winner.
CASTLE
Wilson, Lonni. "A Christmas dream." (December
1987) 20 — Christmas adventure game. DREAM
GAME UTILITY
Ashby, Lou. "Keeping score with CoCo." (August
1987) 36 — Keep track of hard won scores.
SCOREBRD
Cooney, Mike. "Get the home court advantage."
(September 1987) 42 — Basketball scoreboard.
SCOREBRD
Haupt, Neil. "Help for adventurers." (August 1987)
90 — Adventure map printer. MAPPER
GENERAL
"Anniversary special— pull out calendar." (July
1987) 99
Barden, William, Jr. "Barden's buffer: The mystery
of the Tandy anagram." (May 1988) 170
PALINDRM LETTERS PERMS
Foster, Leslie A. "The sixth year of Rainbow."
(July 1987) 145 — Index. July 1986 to June 1987.
"Gilt buyer's guide " (November 1987) 57
Goodman, Marty ; and Hutchison, Don. "CoCoing
abroad." (November 1987) 32 — Using the CoCo
overseas.
134
THE RAINBOW July 1988
Goodman. Marty. "A guide to RGB analog
monitors for the CoCo 3." (August 1987) 68
Goodman, Marty. "Monitor updates." (November
1987) 33 — Upgrade to August '87 article.
Pettus. Ronald. "Plumbing for your CoCo."
(November 1987) 36 — Making computer stands
out of plastic pipe.
Preble. Laurence D. "A healthy interface: Body
maintenance and computing." (February 1988)
1 18 — Posture problems and computing.
"The RAINBOWfest reporter." (September 1987)
78 - Report of April 1987 RAINBOWfest
(Chicago).
"RAINBOWfest reporter." (March 1988) 25 —
Report from Princeton, October 9-11, 1987.
Rogers, Robert. "Compu match." (February 1988)
30 — Computer dating. MATCH
Samuels, Edward. "Who's gonna know?" (July
1987) 123 — Copyright law review.
Wiens, Michael F. "CoCo 3 potpourri." ( June 1988)
158CC3PATCH
GRAPHICS
Aftamonow, George ; and Aftamonow, Ellen.
"CoCo 3 canvas." (May 1988) 91 CANVAS
Anderson. Larry. "A stitch in time." (December
1 987)1 08 XSTITCH
Barden, William, Jr. "From flatland to 3-D."
(October 1987) 166
Barden, William, Jr. "Hands-on Hershey." (April
1988) 170 — Create various characters.
FONTUTIL HFDRIVER EXAMPLE
Bell, Mark. "This wreath hangs indoors."
(December 1987) 72 WREATH
Bennett, Jim "Sign in please." (May 1988) 52 —
Use the CoCo to copy your signature.
SIGNATUR
Benway, Patrick. "All the colors of the rainbow."
(December 1987) 74 COLRFEST
Bernico, Bill ; and Aftamonow, George. "The
clown of a hundred faces." (January 1988) 44
CLOWNS
Bernico, Bill. "Graphing great guitars." ( June
1988) 56 GUITARS
Bernico. Bill. "Prepare before you paint." (October
T987;82P178&GL
Bernico. Bill. "Ye olde font." (May 1988) 36 —
Graphics print font styles. SCRNFONT
Carrock, Solla. "Animation film festival." (October
1987) 1 14 ANIMATE PICTBOOK
Catlett. Brian. "Wear your heart on your screen."
(February 1988) 100 — Electronic Valentine's
day card. VALNTINE
Curtis. H. Allen. "PALETTEable color mixing."
(April 1988) 124 — Utility to make color
selection easier. COLORMIX
Curtis. H. Allen. "Screen dump extraordinaire."
(October 1987) 30 — Correction, November
1987. p.116. SCRNDUMP; SCRNDMPS
LP78DMPS TESTSCRN
DellaFave, Renard. "A festival of lights."
(December 1987) 28 — Graphics for Hanukkah.
HANUKKAH
Ferreira. Ken. "Tunnel effects." (November 1987)
96 - Graphics demo. CIRCLE; CIRCLE2
Hall, Greg. "A short day's journey into the night."
(November 1987) 106 — Graphics demo CITY
SUN
Hawkins. Darryl W. "Two screens accompany, but
three is not a crowd." (November 1987) 100 — A
third graphics screen. DEMO
Kenny, Keiran. "Laying it on the line." (January
1988) 73 LINEDRAW
Kenny, Keiran. "Mirror image." (October 1987) 81
MIRORPIX
Kolar, Joseph. "DRAW statements: Getting the
picture." (August 1987) 149
Kolar. Joseph. "Graphics experience you can
draw from " ( July 1987) 157 — Use of DRAW
command.
Krom. Matt. "Powerful pages." (July 1987) 94 —
Graphics demo. HI CIRCLE
Machurek. Ed, Jr. "Merry Martian." (October 1987)
79 MARTIAN
Matthews, Becky F. "Electrifying graphics using
PMODE power." (October 1987) 44 ENERGY
McDowell, Jim. "One starry night." (November
1987) 96 — Graphics demo STARS
Montgomery, Scott. "Graphics creation transfer."
(October 1987) 48 GRAFTRAN
Musumeci. John. "CoCo's daring flying machine."
(January 1988) 73 AIRPLANE
Ostrom, Steven M. "Artifact colors on CoCo 3's
RGB." (February 1988) 114 PATCH LOOK
Parker, Sanjay. "Freaky face." (October 1987) 78
FUNFACE
Pokorny, Douglas. "Adding the HPRINT capability
to PMODE 4." (May 1988) 155 FONTDEMO;
FONTPOKE ROMRAM
Pruyne, Jim. "A star like a wheel." (March 1988) 75
STARS
Rodriguez. Ana M. "Non-smoking section." (May
1988) 90 NO SMOKE
Sapello, Donald. "Peeling graphics." (February
1988) 154 PEELPCLS SAMPLE
Scerbo, Fred B. "CoCo cathead: 20 seconds into
the future." (November 1987) 1 13 — Talking
CoCo cathead. CATHEAD
Shoobs. Bernice M. "High-tech quilting bee."
(April 1988) 75 QUILT
Shoobs, Bernice. "CoCo cuddler." (January 1988)
74 — Graphics demo. PLAID
Shortt, Don ; and Duncan, M. G. "The Christmas
star." (December 1987) 70 XMASSTAR
Sutphin, Ricky. "A demonstration in art." (October
1987) 80 COCOART
Tadman, Sandy. "Life in a fish bowl." (February
1988) 78 — Electronic aquarium. AQUARIUM
Weaver. Daniel T. "Graphics reference chart."
(May 1988) 92 GRAFCODE
Weide, Dennis H. "A picture is worth 6144 bytes."
(February 1988) 126 — Reversing a PMODE 4
graphic. REVERSE1; REVERSE2; REVERSE3;
REVERSE4
White. Eric. "The color gallery." (February 1988)
85 — CoCo 3 graphics. CHANGER GALLERY
PALPRINT
Williams, John G. "CoCo draw update." (October
1987) 98 — Update from October 1986, p.59.
Correction, December, 1987. p. 24. MENUGEN
COCODRAW
Wright. Archor. "Initially 3-D." (October 1987) 53
3DLETTER
HARDWARE PROJECT
DiStefano. Tony. "Beginners— add an LED to your
controller." (January 1988) 144 — LED on the
disk controller.
DiStefano, Tony. "Build a half-megabyte ROM
disk." (April 1988) 154
DiStefano, Tony. "Build an electronic EPROM
emulator eraser." (February 1988) 150
DiStefano, Tony. "Building an EPROM emulator."
(September 1987) 150
DiStefano, Tony. "Finishing the printer adapter."
(December 1987) 156
DiStefano. Tony. "Increasing character display."
(June 1988) 138
DiStefano, Tony. "Multi-pak LED upgrade." (May
1988) 168
DiStefano. Tony. "A new improved printer adapter."
(November 1987) 38
Huang, David. "Internal sound." ( June 1988) 99 —
Circuit to produce sound internally.
Onley, Ray. "Child-proofing the CoCo." (January
1988) 142 — Keyboard locking switch.
Weide, Debbie ; and Weide, Dennis H. "Galileo
and the CoCo." (December 1987) 160 —A
science project to re-do Galileo's experiment.
TIMER.BIN; TIMER. BAS
Weide, Dennis H. "Static RAM interface." (May
1988) 150 — A RAM pack for the CoCo ROM
port.
HARDWARE TUTORIAL
Barden, William, Jr. "Digitizing the world,
revisited." (June 1988) 114
DiStefano, Tony. "Bigger and better Eproms."
(March 1988) 158
DiStefano, Tony. "Clever uses for memory."
(August 1987) 124
DiStefano, Tony. "Dissecting the disk controller."
(October 1987) 126
HINT
Bouchard. Roger. "Hint." (February 1988) 115 —
Bug in HPRINT command. Corrected. April.
1988. p.14.
Caesar, Cornelius. "Hint" (August 1987) 134 —
"Useful commands for controlling graphics."
Dugre, Bertrand. "Hint." (July 1987) 156 —Palette
command hints.
Ellenburg, George. "Hint." (March 1988) 80 —High
speed poke with cassette recorder.
Gagnon, Marc. "Hint." (August 1987) 138 — Pokes
to remove plus/minus signs.
Gagnon, Marc. "Hint." (October 1987) 189 —80-
column EDTASM+.
Gagnon, Marc. "Hint." (January 1988) 136 —Using
INKEYS
Hameluck, Jeff. "Hint." (September 1987) 136 —
EDTASM aid.
Harris, Tim. "Hint." ( July 1987) 96 — Use CoCo
MAX cartridge.
Hemenway, Ron. "Hint." (February 1988) 38 —
Make disk labels stick better.
"Hint." (July 1987) 134 — Put 'call waiting' on
hold.
"Hint." (August 1987) 24 — Tape recorder I/O fix.
"Hint." (August 1987) 148 — "Waiting for the
keystroke."
"Hint." (November 1987) 116 — Disk directory
printout.
"Hint." (February 1988) 136 — Placement of disk
drive and TV.
"Hint." (March 1988) 144 - Bolt CoCo and Multi-
pak to a piece of plywood.
Mills, David. "Hint." (March 1988) 182 — M/L
autostart.
Petrak, Darryl L. "Hint " (October 1987) 14 —
Resuming from an accidental "BREAK."
Power, Will C. "Hint." (October 1987) 189 —
Changing color sets.
Ritchey. Ralph. "Hint." (September 1987) 166 —
Undo editing changes.
Schmidt. Fred. "Hint." (July 1987) 156 —Keyboard
connection modification.
Shelton, Douglas C. "Hint." (August 1987) 98 —
Printer repair.
Shinatzki. Steven. "Hint." (October 1987) 14 —
Using INKEY.
Stevenson, Colin D. "Hint." (September 1987) 14
— VIP colors.
Stewart, James M. "Hint." (February 1988) 87 —
Print using high speed poke.
Taggart. Ned M. "Hint." (March 1988) 144 —
Trouble shoot a locked up keyboard.
HOME APPLICATION
Allen. David. "CoCo concoctions." (December
1987) 77 APPLEPIE
Anderson. Larry. "CoCo's auto maintenance
manager." (April 1988) 58 — Keep maintenance
schedules for up to 5 vehicles. MAIN EXPNS
REM
Beckles, Orman Cyril, III. "The Post Office."
(March 1988) 104 — Mailing list program. —
Major correction, April, 1988. p.30. POST
Bernico, Bill. "I owe, I owe." (January 1988) 82 —
Calculate monthly payments. PAYMENTS
Burdon. Kenneth. "WATTS the electrical cost of
appliances." (November 1987) 46 ELECFORM
Copley, Don. "Let your CoCo do the walking."
(November 1987) 70 — Database for phone
numbers. NUMFILE
Dettmann, Harvey. "How cold is it." (October
1987) 82 — Calculate wind chill factor.
WINDCHIL
Dingle, Brent. "Improve your typing skills."
(January 1988) 82 TYPER
Eizenga, Jack W. "Rules of 78's." (March 1988) 100
— Determine whether to pay off loans ahead of
schedule. RULEOF78
Franz. James E. "Stock analyzer." (March 1988) 94
— Use it to time investment decisions.
July 1988 THE RAINBOW
135
INVTREND
Furman. George R. "Stitch niche-ery." (December
1987) 76 — Make embroidery patterns.
EMBROID
Holdorl. William J. "Appointment calendar."
(January 1988) 100 — Print an appointment
book. CALENDAR
Kolesar. Fred. "A CoCo pop-up calendar." (April
1988) 74 CALENDAR
LeBlanc. Brian. "Right back where we started from
part 2." (October 1987) 144 FAMILY CHART
LeBlanc. Brian. "Right back where we started
from." (September 1987) 102 — Genealogy aid.
PAGE
Maylield. Randy. "That's entertainment."
(December 1987) 92 — VCR index VCRTAPES
Maylield, Randy. "VCR tapes update." (February
1988) 77
Mooallem, Saul. "Spreading it on a little thicker."
(March 1988) 54 — Spreadsheet program
enhanced. SPREAD2
Piersma, Daniel. "The home linancial analyst."
(April 1988) 112 - Help at tax time. BUDGET
REPORT
Pitlman. Larry P. "Beating the college crunch."
(June 1988) 26 — Calculate college saving plan.
COLLEGE
Rau. Fred. "Hit the road." (July 1987) 95 —
Vacation log VACATION
Remick. Jeff. "Who'll win on the gridiron?"
(December 1987) 78 — Pick football winners.
FOOTBALL
Ruby. Paul, Jr. "Financial planning lor your future."
(January 1988) 84 — Analyze savings plan.
COCOSAVR
Saunderson. George F. "Making a Christmas ad-
dress list." (December 1987) 66 — Correction,
February 1988, p.14, April 1988, p.14. XMASLIST
Schlottmann. Robert S. "Preparing for Uncle Sam."
(January 1988) 112 — Keep tax records in order.
Correction, March 1988, p. 40. TAX.BAS; TAX-
INFO.XX REVFIELD SETUP.BAS
Smiley, J. T. "Happy (un) birthday to you!"
(January 1988) 80 — Calculate age in seconds.
BIRTHDAY
Spencer, Brad. "Good things are cookin' on
CoCo." (April 1988) 28 — Database for recipes.
RECIPES
Tlnklepaugh. Dale. "Financial time conversions."
(April 1988) 34 — Personal financial 'toolbox.'
FINANCE
Tottingham, Bill. "Home inventory manager."
(April 1988) 42 INVNTORY
Turowksi, Donald. "Keep your memories in order."
(December 1987) 46 — Create labels for photo
album. PHOTOTAG
Upperman, James A. "Operation child protect."
(April 1988) 20 — Generate medical
authorization form. MED FORM
MUSIC
Arko, Lyn. "Listen to what they done." (June 1988)
80MUSICPRO
Boots, Greg. "Print that tune!" (June 1988) 52
PRINTUNE
Burke, Val. "Playin' the blues." (June 1988) 20
COCOBLUZ
Dods, Stuart C. "Preventing dis-chord." (June
1988) 140 — Learn position of keyboard chords.
CHORDS
Golias, Ruth E. "A Christmas potpourri." (December
1987) 100 — Christmas music and graphics.
Correction, April 1988, p.14. XMASPORI
Lawrence, Ingrid ; and Bourdeaux. Mark. "Hurray
for the red. white and blue." (July 1987) 20 —
Music and graphics for the 4th of July.
SSBANNER USSONGS
Matthews, Becky F. "CoCo goes country." (June
1988) 36 — Music and graphics of Nashville.
ROCKYTOP
Mosley, John. "Do you hear what I hear?"
(December 1987) 86 — Correction, June 1988,
p.38. XMASSONG MLEDITOR MLSONG
Plaster. Gip Wayne "Adventures in music." (June
1988) 79 THECAVE EXPLORE2
Plaster, Gip Wayne. "From scales to Mozart."
(January 1988) 72 MUSI
Shelton, Garry L. "Color composer." (June 1988)
42 — Create and edit songs. SONGWRTR
Shoobs, Bernice. "Too many (hie) bottles of beer."
(June 1988) 79 99BEERS
Splller, Jeremy. "Synthesizer sound-off." ( June
1988) 102 — Turn PLAY command into a
synthesizer. SUPRPLAY WAVEDIT
Thompson, Ernie. "Blast trom the past." (June
1988) 96 JUKEBOX
Willoughby. Lauren. "Calibrate your ears." (June
1988) 78 PITCHER
ONE AND TWO-LINER PROGRAMS
Becwar, Arron. "Two liner contest winner."
(February 1988) 77 — Graphics demo.
Bell, Bruce K. "One liner contest winner." (May
1988) 14 — Disk verify program.
Bryson. B. J. "Two liner contest winner." (January
1988) 14 — Graphics demo.
Campbell, Jerry. "One liner contest winner." (June
1988) 12 — Roll dice.
Cooper, Rick. "Two liner contest winner."
(January 1988) 14 — Graphics demo.
Cunin, K. T. "Two liner contest winner."
(September 1987) 168 — Graphics demo.
Demers. James R. "One liner contest winner."
(June 1988) 146 — Make address labels.
Dickau, Robert M. "One liner contest winner."
(May 1988) 188 — Game
Durant, Evan. "One-liner contest winner." (August
1987) 152 — Scrambled word game.
Fladung, Nick. "One liner contest winner." ( June
1988) 188 — Graphics demo.
Florence, Bernard. "One-liner contest winner."
(July 1987) 132 — Graphics demo
Fye, David. "Two liner contest winner." (August
1987) 94 — Game.
Gehrke, Edward R. "One liner contest winner."
(May 1988) 33 — Graphics demo.
Gerhardt, Jerry. "Two-liner." ( July 1987) 33 —
Weight on dilferent planets.
Gongaware, Dana. "Two liner contest winner."
IJuly 1987) 96 — Graphics demo.
Guilford, Lonny. "One liner contest winner." (April
1988) 123 — Graphics demo.
Haussmann, Gary. "One liner contest winner."
(March 1988) 46 — Graphics demo.
Hawkinson, Stuart. "One liner contest winner."
(May 1988) 189 — Amortization schedule.
Hurt, Peter. "One liner contest winner."
(September 1987) 41 — Game.
Keller, Paul. "One liner contest winner." (May
1988) 14 — Draw graphs of functions.
Lowe, Brad. "One liner contest winner." (February
1988) 74 - Golf game.
Lowe, Brad. "One liner contest winner." (February
1988) 132 — Disk checker.
Martin, Jim. "One liner contest winner." (June
1988) 12 — Graphics demo.
McClintock, Ronald E. "One liner contest winner."
(February 1988) 151 — Game.
Nemitz. Vernon. "One liner contest winner."
(December 1987) 14 — PCLEAR routine.
Correction, January, 1988, p.138.
Radachowsky. Sage. "Two liner contest winner."
(October 1987) 22 — Graphics demo.
Rowgo. Russ. "Two liner contest winner."
(September 1987) 77 — Game.
Rucinski, Mark. "Two liner contest winner."
(October 1987) 102 — Graphics demo.
Schuler, Keith. "One liner contest winner." (March
1988) 182 — Generate printed chart for
adventure games,
Selbee. Keith. "One liner contest winner." (June
1988) 188 — Print cards for cassette boxes.
Stewart, James. "Two liner contest winner."
(November 1987) 178 — Graphics demo.
Toepke, Michael G. "Two liner contest winner."
(January 1988) 69 — Game.
Toon, J. Frederick. "One liner contest winner."
(September 1987) 68 — Graphics demo.
Unger, Frank, Jr. "One liner contest winner."
(June 1988) 16 — Graphics demo.
OPERATING SYSTEMS - OS-9
Augsburg, Cray. "The impact of Multi-Vue."
(February 1988) 152 — User friendly interface
for OS-9 Level II."
Barden, William, Jr. "Learning the lingo." (August
1987) 168
Dibble, Peter. "Compression filters in saving and
restoring graphics screens." (December 1987)
168 RLSQSH.CDUMP SAVEIMAGE COMPRESS
GETWINATTR MAKPIPE GETBUFFER
Dibble. Peter. "Polishing off the screen save/dump
package." (January 1988) 176
RLEXPND.CDUMP GETIMAGE UNPRESS
PUTBUFFER MAKPIPE2
Dibble, Peter. "The problem with BASIC09."
(August 1987) 163 BFORK; BFORK.DUMP
EDITOR-2 PRINTER
Dibble, Peter. "Sometimes BASIC09 isn't fast
enough." (September 1987) 170 SAVEIMAGE
COMPRESS GETBUFFER GETWINATTR
Dibble, Peter. "Using compressed files." (October
1987) 164 UNPRESS
Ewart, Nancy. "C: The beginnings." (November
1987) 168
Ewart, Nancy. "Stalk the fire-breathing dragon."
(January 1988) 156 — OS-9 tutorial.
Puckett, Dale L. "A view of Multi-Vue." (March
1988) 180 DSORT: DSORT.ASM
Puckett, Dale L. "Another great beginning." ( June
1988) 180 MVSHELL SKIPMUF
Puckett, Dale L. "Back at the drawing board."
(January 1988) 160 PIPEIT KISSDMENU;
KISSDRAWFILL * BOX. LINE ETC.
Puckett, Dale L. "Controller attacks halt line
problem." (August 1987) 157 VMODE FILES
Puckett, Dale L. "The evolution continues."
(November 1987) 180 TEST KISSDRAW4;
KISSDRAWBOX; KISSDRAWARC
GETKISSMOUSE DOEVENT HANDLEMENU
PLAYBACKPIX RECORDPIX WHICHTOOI
Puckett, Dale L. "New tools, new toys." (April
1988) 160 CO80.PATCH WPDRV.DR; WP.DD;
WECHO.DD (+ .SRC)
Puckett, Dale L. "An OS-9 convert speaks out."
(July 1987) 167 PRIME-TBL.C MACLIST
Puckett, Dale L. "Patches, Programs and politics."
(May 1988) 178 CMDGEN DEFSDEMO
MAKECMDGEN
Puckett, Dale L. "Primitive drawing tools."
(September 1987) 160 KISSDRAW COCODRAW
Puckett, Dale L. "Putting data structures on the
drawing board." (December 1987) 180
KISSDRAWPUT; ♦ KISSDRAWBOX. LINE,
CIRCLE, ELLIPSE, BAR GETKISSMOUSE
SAVEPIX LOADPIX PREVIEWPIX ERASEPIX
HANDLEMENU SETUPMOUSE WHICHTOOL
DOEVENT
Puckett, Dale L. "Unlock the graphics potential of
OS-9 Level II.: (October 1987) 176 KISSDRAW2
Puckett, Dale L. "Using a fourth-generation
database language." (February 1988) 182
KISSCOLOR
White, Richard A. "BASIC09 and Level II:
Focusing on modules." (July 1987) 163
PRINTER
Anderson, Doug. "Center that header." (May 1988)
114 — Centered headings on a DMP-110.
Barden, William. Jr. "Taking your printer to the
limit." (December 1987) 172
Brown. Charles E. Jr. "Printing in two columns."
(May 1988) 95 LETTER PERSLOGO
Crawford, Gay. "Disk jacket designer for the well-
dressed diskette." (November 1987) 26 JACKET
LONNIE.BIN TUXEDO.BIN
Curtis, H. Allen. "A desktop publisher on a shoe-
string." (October 1987) 58 — Corrections, Oc-
tober 1987, p. 24, January 1988, p. 138. DESK-
TOP!.: DESKTOPH GENFONT1; GENFONT2
Ellers. Ed. "Printer overview." (May 1988) 110
Handis, John. "A full page dump for the DMP-
105." (May 1988) 92 BIGDUMP
Howe. Clay. "The LLISTing formatter." (May 1988)
104 BESTLIST
Jimenez, Jose L. "Formatting text with Telewriter."
136
THE RAINBOW July 1988
(May 1988) 164
Perkins. Duane M. "CoCo 3 color dump." (May
1988) 42 - Dump lo the CGP-220. COLORS
HRSAVE HRLOAD CGPPRINT COLORPIE
Quellhorst, George. "Bulletin board standout."
(May 1988) 116 — Printing posters with a DMP-
130. POSTRPTR
Schenck, Ed. "Ticket maker." (May 1988) 91
TICKET
Skaggs, Tracy L. "PMODE polychrome." (May
1988) 58 — Dump PMODE 3 and 4 screens in
color. IMAGE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Downard, Dan. "Downloads." (July 1987) 161 —
Printer connections: control-z; scroll stopper,
etc.
Downard, Dan. "Downloads." (August 1987) 154
—Disk drives; DLOAD; EDTASM disk I/O;
Underlining etc.
Downard. Dan. "Downloads." October 1987) 163 —
CD players; BBS; CoCo 3 memory.
Downard, Dan. "Downloads." (November 1987)
172 — Disassemble BASIC; Deskmate; CoCo3
BBS; Disk crashes.
Esposito, Richard E. "Doctor ASCII." (December
1987) 124 — Printer problems; Modem use;
Pirate protection, etc.
Esposito. Richard E. "Doctor ASCII." (January
1988) 152 — VDG upgrade; Printer control
codes; Hard drives, etc. Corrections, February
1988, p. 14, May 1988, p. 154.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (July 1987) 126 — Machine
language program; MC-10; Pascal; Ink jet; disk
drives, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (August 1987) 126 — Screen
dump; ROM packs on disk; remote keyboard;
RS-232, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (September 1987) 126 — 1200
baud; speed up poke; smart terminal; Y cable;
memory chips, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII. " (October 1987) 110 —
Lowercase; BASIC09; Disk drive problems;
Downloading.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (November 1987) 126 — RS-232
pak; Telewriter 64 (ix; MC-10; Pascal Datch. etc.
Esposito. Richard E.; and Libra, Richard W. "Doctor
ASCII." (February 1988) 168 — Cassette to disk
transter; Plug 'n power; OS-9 BBS, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra. Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (March 1988) 164 — VIP fix;
Hard drive; BBS, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. : and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (April 1988) 149 — Joysticks;
EXEC; Multi-Pak; Downloading, etc.
Esposito, Richard E.; and Libra, Richard W. "Doctor
ASCII." (May 1988) 148 - Disk BASIC 1.1; Swap
keyboards; Multi-Vue; Upgrades
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (June 1988) 166 — Screen
dump; Upgrades, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (July
1987) 78 — Hi-res joystick interface; hard drive;
disk drive cleaning, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (August
1987) 64 — Jumpy pictures; pin assignments;
disk access problem: etc.
Goodman. Marty. "CoCo consultations."
(September 1987) 95 — Daisy wheel printer; RS-
232 ROM disable; Touch pad; monitors, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (October
1987) 103 — Color Scripsit; Save graphics to
tape; speech/sound; Keyboard problems, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations."
(November 1987) 103 — VT-52; Baud rates; Disk
drives: Serial pin outs.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations."
(December 1987) 82 — Dead keyboard;
Joysticks; Lowercase, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (January
1988) 149 — Both sides of disk; Atari and Color
Max; CoCo3 questions, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (March
1988) 160 — Parallel port; Eprom; 64K upgrades;
Surge protector, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (April
1988) 142 — Running hot; CM-3 monitor
problems; Battery backup, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (May
1988) 158 — Disk controller; VIP speller; BASIC
enhancements.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (June
1988) 83 — Hard drive; Upgrade; Trading files,
etc.
TUTORIAL
Barden. William, Jr. "Delving into the CoCo disk."
(January 1988) 180 DISKDUMP; DISKDIR
Barden, William, Jr. "Font fascination." (March
1988) 167 — Discussion on character genera-
tion. CHAR1000
Barden, William, Jr. "The mystery of the novice
bell ringer, or elementary recursion. Watson."
(November 1987) 174
DiStefano, Tony. "Cache of the day." (July 1987)
89 — Memory mapping tutorial.
Drennan, Allen. "Customizing your keyboard."
(December 1987) 116 — How to redefine keys.
Ellers, Ed. "The care and handling of tapes and
disks." (March 1988) 48
Goodman, Marty ; and Cisin, Fred. "Photograph-
ing a CRT screen." (December 1987) 58
Kolar. Joseph. "ASCII for it." (November 1987) 163
Kolar, Joseph, "BASIC training: Swamp think."
(May 1988) 82
Kolar, Joseph. "Basic training: Wading out of the
swamp." (June 1988) 88 — Beginning graphics
Kolar, Joseph. "Getting acquainted." (September
1987) 97 — Intoduction to CoCo 3.
Kolar, Joseph. "The Kolar progression." (January
1988) 96 ODDSENDS ZIGZAG
Kolar, Joseph. "Mission interchangeable." (March
1988) 68 COMPARE; INDEX; SAVELOAD;
TOTAL
Kolar, Joseph. "Much ado about nothing."
(October 1987) 84
Kolar, Joseph. "Previewing a program." (February
1988) 90 — Tutorial on typing in programs.
Kolar, Joseph. "Reliving your first keystrokes."
(April 1988) 80
Ostler. David D. "BASIC for beginners part 1."
(September 19B7) 26 CLS VARIABLE
Ostler, David W. "BASIC for beginners lesson 2."
(January 1988) 37 GOSUB COCOCALC
Ostler, David W. "BASIC for beginners lesson 3."
(February 1988) 20 DATABASE
Ostler. David W. "BASIC for beginners lesson 4."
(March 1988) 82 DATABASE
Perkins, Duane M. "Programming for the hi-res
joystick interface. (February 1988) 122 HIRES-
JOY
Veal, Lee. "A glossary of computer terms." (Janu-
ary 1988) 85
Weide. Dennis H. "Follow the bread crumbs."
(February 1988) 108 — How to find machine
language addresses. ADRESBAS; ADRESPAS
Willoughby, Lauren. "Starting from scratch."
(January 1988) 20 — Tips to get the new user up
and running.
UTILITY
Bernico. Bill. "Reading data files." (March 1988) 74
FILEREAD
Bernico, Bill. "Screen scrolling made easy." (Oc-
tober 1987) 26 SCROLL
Bernico, Bill. "Secret filenames." (December 1987)
38 — How to create secret disk filenames.
Blochowiak. John. "A smooth operator." (January
1988) 78 — Screen scrolling in 40 column mode.
Correction, April, 1988. p.14. SMOOTHY
Breindel, Adam. "Color creator." (January 1988)
78 — Blend colors. COLORMIX
Campbell, Mark. "Changing the language." (June
1988) 168 — Customize your programming lan-
guage. RAM CATALYST;CATALYST3 DISKBAS;
DISK3 LCPATCH2, LCPATCH3
Clark, Roderick. "An alarming solution."
(November 1987) 98 — Alarm clock. ALARM
Dawson. David. "Pak to disk transfer." (December
1987) 152 PAKXFER
Doss, Raymond. "Creating data files." (March
1988/ 74 — Construct single dimensioned string
file. FILEDATA
Ellis, Richard S. "Joy for joysticks. (August 1987)
91 — Check out your joysticks. JOYCHECK
England. Carl. "Backup and restore." (April 1988)
72 — Backup disk directory. BRU
Forgione. Joseph. "Prompt attention." (July 1987)
97 — Change the cursor prompt. DRIVER;
CONVERT
Goldberg, Stephen B. "Help is on the way." (June
1988) 14 — Create online assistance for any
program. HELPMATE
Hrycaj. Bohdan. "I/O error free." (December 1987)
75 — Cassette loading utility. CALL
Katsekes, Chuck. "CoCo 3 auto-boot." (June
1988) 32 — Load and run a program at a speci-
fied time. AUT03
Katsekes. Chuck. "Color in 32 columns." (May
1988) 93 PAL32
Knoppow, Jim. "Hard copy your directory." (Feb-
ruary 1988) 81 DIRPRINT
Lueders, Raymond. "Easy as pie." (April 1988) 99
— Help for the amateur BASIC programmer.
UTILITY1
Masten, Doug. "Auto-executing ML programs."
(February 1988) 154 AUTOEXEC
Needham. Andre. "The ABC's of organization."
(February 1988) 80 — Alphabetize disk directory.
DIRALPHA
Ostrer. Ken. "Adjusting your monitor." (January
1988) 80 COLRTEST
Plaster, Gip Wayne, II. "Phrase centerer." (May
7988; 93 CENTERER
Purnell, Dick. "They do it with numbers."
(December 1987) 74 — Convert hex to decimal,
etc. CONVERT
Roberts. Bob. "Yakety-yak, the CoCo talks back."
(October 1987) 106 — Use speech/sound car-
tridge to read your listings. READPROG
Sapello. Donald. "Debugging with Wordlind."
(February 1988) 155 WORDFIND LOADER
Shoobs, Bernice. "ASCII answers." (June 7988; 82
ASCIIREF
Speer, Mike. "Preventing program wipeout."
(December 1987) 76 — Disk save utility. SAFE-
SAVE
Steele. Chris. "Reading word processing files."
(February 1988) 81 ASCIREAD
Steinbrueck, Richard. "Painless revisions." (Feb-
ruary 1988) 155 — Help in saving programs on
disk. SAVE&RUN
Turner, Frank. "A CoCo pop-up calculator." (Feb-
ruary 1988) 79 CALC
Virkki, Jyrl J. "Putting on the program squeeze."
(February 1988) 157 — Make programs smaller.
CRUSH
Weide, Dennis H. "The CoCo writes a program."
(July 1987) 84 — Use machine language in
BASIC." DATAWRIT
WORD PROCESSING
Hallock, Arthur S. "Color correspondent." (April
1988) 48 — A mini word processor. LETRWRITR
AUTHORS
Altamonow. George ; and Aftamonow, Ellen.
"CoCo 3 canvas." (May 7988) 91 CANVAS
Alger. Paul. "Caught up in a galactic conflict."
(November 1987) 78 — BBS game. Correction.
January. 1988, p.138. NEWGAME GALACTIC
REMOTE2
Allen. David. "CoCo concoctions." (December
7987J77APPLEPIE
Allen, Scot. "The Queen's quarrel." (October 1987)
28 — Chess like puzzle. QUEENS
Anderson, Doug. "Center that header." (May 1988)
114 — Centered headings on a DMP-110.
Anderson, Doug. "Personal password protector."
(November 1987) 95 — Random password
July 1988 THE RAINBOW
137
generator. PASSWORD
Anderson, Larry. "CoCo's auto maintenance
manager." (April 1988) 58 — Keep maintenance
schedules tor up to 5 vehicles. MAIN EXPNS
REM
Anderson, Larry. "A stitch in time." (December
1987) 108 XSTITCH
Archer, David. "CoCo 3 number cruncher." (March
1988) 146 — Spreadsheet program. SUM128
MONTEST
Arko, Lyn. "Listen to what they done." ( June 1988)
80MUSICPRO
Ashby, Lou. "Keeping score with CoCo." (August
7987; 36 — Keep track of hard won scores.
SCORE8RD
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: A conversation
with the CoCo SIG manager." (October 1987)
100
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau. All roads lead to
the CoCo SIG." ( July 1987) 120
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau. Bringing it down!"
(June 1988) 163
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Buffer capture
garbage." (September 1987) 46
Augsburg. Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Delphi's online
debate team." (February 1988) 146
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Files and
protocols." (May 1988) 160
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Reach out and
touch someone." (March 1988) 140
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Some helpful
improvements." (November 1987) 62
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: The battle line is
being drawn." (August 1987) 102
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: Database down-
loading." (April 1988) 157
Augsburg, Cray. "Delphi Bureau: The times are
achanging." (December 1987) 121
Augsburg, Cray. "The impact of Multi-Vue." (Feb-
ruary 1988) 152 — User friendly interface for OS-
9 Level II.
Augsburg, Cray. "The vote is in." (February 1988)
36 — Adventure contest report.
Barden. William, Jr. "An A 'maze' ing adventure."
(February 1988) 171 RNDMAZE NEWMAZE
Barden, William, Jr. "Barden's buffer: The mystery
of the Tandy anagram." (May 1988) 170
PALINDRM LETTERS PERMS
Barden, William, Jr. "Delving into the CoCo disk."
(January 1988) 180 DISKDUMP; DISKDIR
Barden, William, Jr. "Digitizing the world,
revisited." (June 1988) 114
Barden, William, Jr. "Font fascination." (March
1988) 167 — Discussion on character
generation. CHAR1000
Barden, William, Jr. "From flatland to 3-D."
/October 1987) 166
Barden, William, Jr. "Hands-on Hershey." (April
1988) 170 — Create various characters.
FONTUTIL HFDRIVER EXAMPLE
Barden, William, Jr. "Learning the lingo." (August
1987) 168
Barden, William. Jr. "The mystery of the novice
bell ringer, or elementary recursion, Watson."
(November 1987) 174
Barden, William. Jr. "Taking your printer to the
limit." (December 1987) 172
Beckles. Orman Cyril. III. "The Post Office."
(March 1988) 104 — Mailing list program. —
Major correction. April 1988. p.30. POST
Becwar, Arron. "Two liner contest winner."
(February 1988) 77 — Graphics demo.
Behrmann, Darrel. "It's a touchdown!" (October
1987) 83 FOOTBALL
Belanger, Allan J. "CoCo concentration." (August
1987) 20 — Memory game MEMOCARD
Bell. Bruce K. "One liner contest winner." (May
1988) 14 — Disk verify program.
Bell. Bruce K. "To overthrow the controllers."
(February 1988) 42 — Adventure contest winner.
CONTROL; CNTRL
Bell, Mark. "This wreath hangs indoors." (December
1987) 72 WREATH
Bennett, Jim "Sign in please." (May 1988) 52 —
Use the CoCo to copy your signature.
SIGNATUR
Benway. Patrick "All the colors of the rainbow."
(December 1987) 74 COLRFEST
Berenz, Michael. "An inside view." (July 1987) 97
— Disk utility. DISKSEEK
Bernico, Bill ; and Aftamonow, George. "Beat the
dealer." (August 1987) 84 BLAKJACK
Bernico, Bill ; and Aftamonow, George. "The
clown of a hundred faces." (January 1988) 44
CLOWNS
Bernico, Bill. "Advertising profit predictor."
(March 1988) 32 ADPROFIT
Bernico. Bill. "Any way you slice it." (September
1987) 40 - Teach fractions. FRACTION
Bernico. Bill. "Graphing great guitars." (June
1988) 56 GUITARS
Bernico, Bill. "How much do you have?"
(September 1987) 70 — Count your money.
MONEYJAR
Bernico. Bill. "I owe, I owe." (January 1988) 82 —
Calculate monthly payments. PAYMENTS
Bernico, Bill. "Prepare before you paint." (October
1987)82PMB&GL
Bernico, Bill. "Reading data files." (March 1988) 74
FILEREAD
Bernico. Bill. "Screen scrolling made easy."
(October 1987) 26 SCROLL
Bernico, Bill. "Secret filenames." (December 1987)
38 — How to create secret disk filenames.
Bernico, Bill. "Teacher's pet." (September 1987)
76 — Help teacher total scores. GRADER
Bernico, Bill. "Ye olde font." (May 1988) 36 —
Graphics print font styles. SCRNFONT
Blochowiak, John. "A smooth operator." (January
1988) 78 — Screen scrolling in 40 column mode.
Correction, April, 1988, p. 14. SMOOTHY
Blount, Andy. "The power of the mind,"
(September 1987) 36 — Demonstrates artificial
intelligence. ANIMALS
Blyn, Steve. "Can you afford a burger attack?"
(January 1988) 54 — Estimating expenses.
FASTFOOD
Blyn, Steve. "Differences and similarities." (May
1988) 88 — Review of synonyms, etc. NYMS
Blyn, Steve. "Electricity and circuit
experimentation." (December 1987) 98 — Teach
electrical circuits. CIRCUIT
Blyn, Steve. "Fun wilh phonics." (March 1988) 89
PHONICS
Blyn, Steve. "Getting a fix on triangles."
(September 1987) 138 TRIANGLE
Blyn. Steve. "Learning in the end zone." (October
1987) 94 — Educational football quiz. CCBLITZ
Blyn. Steve. "Number fun for the very young."
(August 1987) 97 NUMREVUE
Blyn. Steve. "Presidential election preview." (April
1988) 70 — Polling program. ELECTION
Blyn. Steve. "Restaurant reckonings." (February
1988) 76 SHOPPING
Blyn. Steve. "Spell down to vocabulary fitness."
(July 1987) 56 — Language arts game.
SPELDOWN
Blyn, Steve. "Upgrading keyboard skills."
(November 1987) 76 — Typing tutor. TYPING
Blyn, Steve. "Who, what and where?" (June 1988)
86 — Sharpen reference skills. MAGPARTS
Boots, Greg. "Print that tune!" (June 1988) 52
PRINTUNE
Bossinger. Sean. "Autodial reaches out across the
miles." (November 1987) 144 AUTODIAL
Bouchard. Roger. "Hint." (February 1988) 115 —
Bug in HPRINT command. Corrected, April
1988, p. 14.
Breindel. Adam. "Color creator ." (January 1988)
78 - Blend colors. COLORMIX
Brown. Charles E. Jr "Printing in two columns."
(May 1988) 95 LETTER PERSLOGO
Bryson. B. J. "Two liner contest winner." (January
1988) 14 — Graphics demo.
Burdon, Kenneth. "WATTS the electrical cost of
appliances." (November 1987) 46 ELECFORM
Burke, Val. "Playln' the blues." (June 1988) 20
COCOBLUZ
Caesar. Cornelius. "Hint." (August 1987) 134 —
"Useful commands for controlling graphics."
Campbell, Jerry. "One liner contest winner." (June
1988) 12 - Roll dice.
Campbell. Marc. "Changing the language." (June
1988) 168 — Customize your programming
language. RAM CATALYST; CATALYST3
DISK.BAS; DISK3 LCPATCH2; LCPATCH3
Carrock, Solla. "Animation film festival." (October
1987) 114 ANIMATE PICTBOOK
Catlett. Brian. "Wear your heart on your screen."
(February 1988) 100 — Electronic Valentine's
day card. VALNTINE
Clark, Roderick. "An alarming solution."
(November 1987) 98 — Alarm clock. ALARM
Compton. David. "Undercover CoCo." (April 1988)
73 — Construct cryptograms. ENCRYPT
Conant, Shawn. "Putting it on their tab." (March
1988) 20 — Print invoices for parts and labor.
BILLGEN
Cooney, Mike. "Get the home court advantage."
(September 1987) 42 — Basketball scoreboard.
SCOREBRD
Cooper, Rick. "Two liner contest winner."
(January 1988) 14 — Graphics demo.
Copley, Don. "Let your CoCo do the walking."
(November 1987) 70 — Database for phone
numbers. NUMFILE
Corson. Alan J. "The CoCo power user." (May
1988) 146 — CoCo 3 as an effective office
automation tool.
Crawford, Gay. "Disk jacket designer for the well-
dressed diskette." (November 1987) 26 JACKET
LONNIE.BIN TUXEDO.BIN
Cunin, K. T. "Two liner contest winner."
(September 1987) 168 — Graphics demo.
Curtis, H. Allen. "A desktop publisher on a shoe-
string." (October 1987) 58 — Corrections, Oc-
tober 1987, p. 24, January 1988. p. 138. DESK-
TOPL: DESKTOPH GENFONT1: GENFONT2
Curtis, H. Allen. "PALETTEable color mixing."
(April 1988) 124 — Utility to make color
selection easier. COLORMIX
Curtis. H. Allen. "Screen dump extraordinaire."
(October 1987) 30 — Correction, November
1987. p.116. SCRNDUMP; SCRNDMPS
LP78DMPS TESTSCRN
Dawson, David. "Pak to disk transfer." (December
1987) 152 PAKXFER
DellaFave, Renard. "A festival of lights."
(December 1987) 28 — Graphics for Hanukkah.
HANUKKAH
DeMarco. Brian. "CoCo caliber " (April 1988) 74
SHOOTEM
DeMarco, Brian. "Picking up the pieces." ( June
1988) 82 COLLECT
Demers, James R. "One liner contest winner."
(June 1988) 146 — Make address labels.
Dettmann, Harvey. "How cold is it." (October
1987) 82 — Calculate wind chill factor.
WINDCHIL
Dibble, Peter. "Compression filters in saving and
restoring graphics screens." (December 1987)
168 RLSQSH.CDUMP SAVEIMAGE COMPRESS
GETWINATTR MAKPIPE GETBUFFER
Dibble, Peter. "A computer's ancient native
language." (July 1987) 100 — Assembly
language aid. CDUMP
Dibble, Peter. "Polishing off the screen save/dump
package." (January 1988) 176
RLEXPND.CDUMP GETIMAGE UNPRESS
PUTBUFFER MAKPIPE2
Dibble, Peler. "The problem with BASIC09."
(August 1987) 163 BFORK; BFORK.DUMP
EDITOR-2 PRINTER
Dibble, Peter. "Sometimes BASIC09 isn't fast
enough." (September 1987) 170 SAVEIMAGE
COMPRESS GETBUFFER GETWINATTR
Dibble, Peter. "Using compressed files." (October
1987) 164 UNPRESS
Dickau, Robert M. "One liner contest winner."
(May 1988) 188 — Game
Dingle, Brent. "Improve your typing skills."
(January 1988) 82 TYPER
DiStefano, Tony. "Beginners— add an LED to your
controller." (January 1988) 144 — LED on the
disk controller.
DiStefano, Tony. "Bigger and better Eproms."
(March 1988) 158
DiStefano, Tony. "Build a half-megabyte ROM
disk." (April 1988) 154
DiStefano, Tony. "Build an electronic EPROM
138
THE RAINBOW July 1988
emulator eraser." (February 1988) 150
DiStefano. Tony. "Building an EPROM emulator."
(September 1987) 150
DiStetano, Tony. "Cache of the day." (July 1987)
89 — Memory mapping tutorial.
DiStetano. Tony. "Clever uses lor memory."
(August 1987) 124
DiStefano, Tony. "Dissecting the disk controller."
( October 1 987) 126
DiStefano, Tony. "Finishing the printer adapter."
(December 1987) 156
DiStefano, Tony. "Increasing character display."
(June 1988) 138
DiStefano, Tony. "Multi-pak LED upgrade." (May
1988) 168
DiStefano, Tony. "A new. improved printer adap-
ter." (November 1987) 38
Dods. Stuart C. "Preventing dis-chord." (June
1988) 140 — Learn position of keyboard chords.
CHORDS
Donald, Steve. "Battle back with munchkin
blaster." (August 1987) 44 BLASTER
Dorrity, Dennis. "Report card payoff." (September
1987) 20 — Total up the report card. GRADES
Doss, Raymond. "Creating data files." (March
1988) 74 — Construct single dimensioned string
file. FILEDATA
Downard, Dan "Downloads." (July 1987) 161 —
Printer connections; control-z; scroll stopper.
etc.
Downard, Dan. "Downloads." (August 1987) 154
-Disk drives; DLOAD; EDTASM disk I/O;
Underlining etc.
Downard, Dan. "Downlaods. (October 1987) 163 —
CD players; BBS; CoCo 3 memory.
Downard. Dan. "Downloads." (November 1987)
172 — Disassemble BASIC; Deskmate; CoCo3
BBS; Disk crashes.
Drennan, Allen. "Customizing your keyboard."
(December 1987) 116 — How to redefine keys.
Dugre. Bertrand. "Hint." (July 1987) 156 —Palette
command hints.
Duncan, Jamos Dale. "Learning your ABCs."
(September 1987) 72 LETRGETR
Durant, Evan. "One-liner contest winner." (August
1987) 152 — Scrambled word game.
Eizenga, Jack W. "Rules of 78's." (March 1988) 100
— Determine whether to pay off loans ahead of
schedule. RULEOF78
Ellenburg, George. "Hint." (March 1988) 80 —High
speed poke with cassette recorder.
Ellers, Ed. "The care and handling of tapes and
disks." (March 1988) 48
Ellers, Ed. "Printer overview." (May 1988) 110
Ellis, Richard S. "Joy for joysticks. (August 1987)
91 — Check out your joysticks. JOYCHECK
England, Carl. "Backup and restore." (April 1988)
72 — Backup disk directory. BRU
English, William D. "Learn CoCo learn." (August
1987) 50 - Artificial intelligence helps CoCo
play. COCOLERN
Esposito. Richard E. "Doctor ASCII." (December
1987) 124 — Printer problems; Modem use;
Pirate protection, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. "Doctor ASCII." (January
1988) 152 — VDG upgrade; Printer control
codes: Hard drives, etc. Corrections. February.
1988, p. 14, May, 1988, p. 154.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (July 1987) 126 - Machine
language program; MC-10; Pascal: Ink jet: disk
drives, etc.
Esposito. Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (August 1987) 126 — Screen
dump; ROM packs on disk; remote keyboard;
RS-232, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (September 1987) 126 — 1200
baud; speed up poke; smart terminal: Y cable:
memory chips, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (October 1987) 110 —
Lowercase: BASIC09; Disk drive problems;
Downloading.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (November 1987) 126 — RS-232
pak; Telewriter 64 fix; MC-10; Pascal patch, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII " (February 1988) 168 — Cassette
to disk transfer; Plug n power; OS-9 BBS, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (March 1988) 164 — VIP fix;
Hard drive; BBS, etc.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (April 1988) 149 — Joysticks;
EXEC; Multi-Pak: Downloading, etc.
Esposito, Richard E.; and Libra, Richard W. "Doctor
ASCII." (May 1988) 148 — Disk BASIC II; Swap
keyboards; Multi-Vue; Upgrades.
Esposito, Richard E. ; and Libra, Richard W.
"Doctor ASCII." (June 1988) 166 — Screen
dump; Upgrades, etc.
Ewart, Nancy. "C: The beginnings." (November
1987) 168
Ewart, Nancy. "Stalk the fire-breathing dragon."
(January 1988) 156 — OS-9 tutorial.
Falk. Lawrence C. "Lprint." (June 7988; 10 —
Discussion of suit between Apple and Microsoft
and HP.
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print»-2." (July 1987) 12 —
Sixth anniversary comments.
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (August 1987) 12 —
Changes for the next year.
Falk. Lawrence C. "PrintH-2." (September 1987) 12
— Discussion of Rainbow Seal of Certification.
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (October 1987) 12 —
"We're doing OK."
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print»-2." (November 1987) 12
— "An exchange of ideas."
Falk, Lawrence C. "Print«-2." (January 1988) 12 —
"Keeping in touch."
Falk. Lawrence C. "Print»-2." (February 1988) 12
— "Some random thoughts."
Falk. Lawrence C. "Print»-2." (April 1988) 12 —
'Seasons of change' (Staff changes at the
Rainbow.
Falk. Lawrence C. "Print#-2." (May 1988) 12 —
How the Rainbow supports all models of
CoCo's.
Ferreira, Ken. "Tunnel effects." (November 1987)
96 — Graphics demo. CIRCLE: CIRCLE2
Fladung, Nick. "One liner contest winner." (June
1988) 188 — Graphics demo.
Flaishaker, Paul. "Theater management." (August
1987) 88 — A puzzle. THEATRE
Florence, Bernard. "One-liner contest winner."
(July 1987) 132 — Graphics demo
Forgione, Joseph. "Prompt attention." (July 1987)
97 — Change the cursor prompt. DRIVER;
CONVERT
Foster, Leslie A. "The sixth year of Rainbow."
(July 1987) 145 — Index. July 1986 to June 1987.
Franz, James E. "Stock analyzer." (March 1988) 94
— Use it to lime investment decisions.
INVTREND
French. Paul. "Usetown annex." (January 1988) 58
— Simulate a city planner. RVSLINE USETOWN
Furman. George R. "Stitch niche-ery." (December
1987) 76 — Make embroidery patterns.
EMBROID
Fye. David. "Two liner contest winner." (August
1987) 94 — Game.
Gabler. David J. "Assembly language: Getting
back to BASICS." (June 1988) 144
Gagnon, Marc. "Hint." (August 1987) 138 — Pokes
to remove plus/minus signs.
Gagnon, Marc. "Hint." (October 1987) 189 —80-
column EDTASM*.
Gagnon, Marc. "Hint." (January 1988) 136 —Using
INKEYS
Gehrke, Edward R. "One liner contest winner."
(May 1988) 33 — Graphics demo.
Gerhardt. Jerry. "Two-liner." (July 1987) 33 —
Weight on different planets.
Gleason. Chris. "Hit me if you can." (January
1988) 76 HITME
Goldberg, Stephen B. "Help is on the way." (June
1988) 14 — Create online assistance for any
program. HELPMATE
Golias. Ruth E. "A Christmas potpourri." (December
1987) 100 — Christmas music and graphics.
Correction, April 1988, p.14. XMASPORI
Gongaware. Dana. "Two liner contest winner "
(July 1987) 96 — Graphics demo.
Goodman, Marty ; and Hutchison. Don. "CoCoing
abroad." (November 1987) 32 — Using the CoCo
overseas.
Goodman, Marty ; and Cisin, Fred.
"Photographing a CRT screen.' (December
1987) 58
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (July
1987) 78 — Hi-res joystick interface; hard drive;
disk drive cleaning, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (August
1987) 64 — Jumpy pictures: pin assignments;
disk access problem; etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations."
(September 1987) 95 — Daisy wheel printer; RS-
232 ROM disable; Touch pad; monitors, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (October
1987) 103 — Color Scripsit; Save graphics to
tape; speech/sound; Keyboard problems, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations."
(November 1987) 103 - VT-52; Baud rates; Disk
drives; Serial pin outs.
Goodman. Marty. "CoCo consultations."
(December 1987) 82 — Dead keyboard;
Joysticks; Lowercase, etc.
Goodman. Marty. "CoCo consultations." (January
1988) 149 — Both sides of disk; Atari and Color
Max; CoCo3 questions, etc.
Goodman. Marty. "CoCo consultations." (March
1988) 160 — Parallel port; Eprom; 64K upgrades;
Surge protector, etc.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (April
1988) 142 — Running hot; CM-3 monitor
problems; Battery backup, etc.
Goodman. Marty. "CoCo consultations." (May
1988) 158 — Disk controller; VIP speller; BASIC
enhancements.
Goodman, Marty. "CoCo consultations." (June
1988) 83 — Hard drive; Upgrade; Trading files,
etc.
Goodman, Marty. "A guide to RGB analog
monitors for the CoCo 3." (August 1987) 68
Goodman, Marty. "Monitor updates." (November
1987) 33 — Upgrade to August '87 article.
Gordley. Richard D. "CoCo sets the pace."
(September 1987) 140 — Measure reading speed
and comprehension Correction, October 1987,
p.50. TACHISTO
Guilford, Lonny. "One liner contest winner." (April
1988) 123 — Graphics demo.
Hall, Greg. "A short day's journey into the night."
(November 1987) 106 — Graphics demo CITY
SUN
Hallock, Arthur S. "Color correspondenl." (April
1988) 48 — A mini word processor. LETRWRITR
Hameluck. Jeff. "Hint." (September 1987) 136 —
EDTASM aid.
Handis, John. "A full page dump for the DMP-
105." (May 1988) 92 BIGDUMP
Harris, Tim. "Hint." (July 1987) 96 — Use CoCo
MAX cartridge.
Haupt, Neil. "Help for adventurers." (August 1987)
90 — Adventure map printer. MAPPER
Haussmann, Gary. "One liner contest winner."
(March 1988) 46 — Graphics demo.
Hawkins, Darryl W. "Two screens accompany, but
three is not a crowd." (November 1987) 100 — A
third graphics screen. DEMO
Hawkinson, Stuart. "One liner contest winner."
(May 1988) 189 — Amortization schedule.
Hemenway. Ron. "Hint." (February 1988) 38 —
Make disk labels stick better.
Hitko, Don. "Worksheet printer." (March 1988) 73
SHEET
Holdorf, William J. "Appointment calendar."
(January 1988) 100 — Print an appointment
book. CALENDAR
Holsten. Phil. "Helicopter hero." (March 1988) 42
HELIHERO
Honaker, Scott. "Exercise your drives." (June
1988) 110FDCAID
Howe, Clay. "The LLISTing formatter." (May 1988)
104 BESTLIST
Hrycaj. Bohdan. "I/O error free." (December 1987)
75 — Cassette loading utility. CALL
Huang, David. "Internal sound." (June 1988) 99 —
July 1988
THE RAINBOW
139
Circuit to produce sound internally.
Hurl. Peter. "One liner contest winner."
(September 1987) 41 — Game.
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (July 1987)
121 —About Delphi.
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (August 1987)
102
Hutchison. Don. "Database report." (September
1987) 46
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (October
1987) 100
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (November
1987)63
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (December
1987) 121
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (February
1988) 146
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (March 1988)
140
Hutchison. Don. "Database report." (April 1988)
157
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (May 1988)
160
Hutchison, Don. "Database report." (June 1988)
163
Hutchison, Don. "Getting started with Delphi."
(November 1987) 64
James, John. "Five in a row." (March 1988) 76
CONNECTS
Jimenez, Jose L. "Formatting text with Telewriter."
(May 1988) 164
Johnson, Clyde. Jr. "Lunar rescue." (August 1987)
116 RESCUE
Johnson, Neil. "Scrambled screen of letters."
(August 1987) 90 — Memory game. WORD1
Jolley, David. "Start your engines." (August 1987)
86 — Racing car game SPEEDSTR
Jones, Tudor. "Solitaire upgrade— automatic
finish." (January 1988) 171 — Modification to
December 1986, p. 76. Correction, May 1988,
p. 154.
Jorgenson, Michael. "A BBS that's SysOp friendly
and hacker hostile." (November 1987) 152
BOOT.BAS BBS-BORD.SYS SYSOP.EDT
TEXTGEN.EDT
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building a Rainbow."
(September 1987) 16 — Continuing Rainbow's
development.
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building April's Rainbow."
(April 1988) 16 — Introduction to home help
issue.
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building February's
Rainbow." (February 1988) 16 — Introduction to
utilities issue.
Kapfhammer. Jutta. "Building January's
Rainbow." (January 1988) 16 — Introduction to
beginner's issue.
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building March's Rainbow."
(March 1988) 16 — Introduction to business and
finance issue.
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building May's Rainbow."
(May 1988) 16 — Upcoming changes.
Kapfhammer, Jutta. "Building October's
Rainbow." (October 1987) 16
Katsekes, Chuck. "CoCo 3 auto-boot." (June
1988) 32 — Load and run a program at a
specified time. AUT03
Katsekes, Chuck. "Color in 32 columns." (May
1988) 93 PAL32
Keller, Paul. "One liner contest winner." (May
1988) 14 — Draw graphs of functions.
Kenny, Keiran. "Alphabet roulette." (November
1987)97 ALFAWORD
Kenny, Keiran. "Laying it on the line." (January
1988)73 LINEDRAW
Kenny, Keiran. "Mirror image." (October 1987) 81
MIRORPIX
Kerckhoff, Peter. "Sneaky snake.'' (August 1987)
26 SNEAKY
Knoppow, Jim. "Hard copy your directory."
(February 1988) 81 DIRPRINT
Koch, Daren. "Bee zapper." (September 1987) 50
BEEZAP
Kolar. Joseph. "ASCII for it." (November 1987) 163
Kolar, Joseph. "BASIC training: Swamp think."
(May 1988) 82
Kolar, Joseph. "Basic training: Wading out of the
swamp." (June 1988) 88 — Beginning graphics
Kolar, Joseph. "DRAW statements: Getting the
picture." (August 1987) 149
Kolar, Joseph. "Getting acquainted." (September
1987) 97 — Intoduction to CoCo 3.
Kolar, Joseph. "Graphics experience you can
draw from." (July 1987) 157 — Use of DRAW
command.
Kolar, Joseph. "The Kolar progression." (January
1988) 96 ODDSENDS ZIGZAG
Kolar, Joseph. Mission interchangeable." (March
1988) 68 COMPARE; INDEX; SAVELOAD;
TOTAL
Kolar, Joseph. "Much ado about nothing."
(October 1987) 84
Kolar, Joseph. "Parlez-vous CoCo francais?"
(December 1987) 144
Kolar, Joseph. "Previewing a program." (February
1988) 90 — Tutorial on typing in programs.
Kolar, Joseph. "Reliving your first keystrokes."
(April 1988) 80
Kolesar, Fred. "A CoCo pop-up calendar." (April
1988) 74 CALENDAR
Krom, Matt. "Powerful pages." (July 1987) 94 —
Graphics demo. HI CIRCLE
Lamonlca, Mary ; and Lamonica, James. "Doing
the trivia rag." (September 1987) 152 — Trivia
game. TRIVIAG; TRIVIAFC
Lawrence. Ingrid ; and Bourdeaux, Mark. "Hurray
for the red, white and blue." (July 1987) 20 —
Music and graphics for the 4th of July.
SSBANNER USSONGS
Lawson, Matt. "Backup and go." (July 1987) 98 —
Quicker disk backups. Correction. June 1988,
p.38. FASTCOPY
LeBlanc, Brian. "Right back where we started from
part 2." (October 1987) 144 FAMILY CHART
LeBlanc, Brian. "Right back where we started
from." (September 1987) 102 — Genealogy aid.
PAGE
Leistico, Dale James. "Delivering the goods."
(March 1988) 36 — Bookkeeping system for
newspaper carriers. PAPERS
Levinson, Eric. "The ins and outs of Boolean."
(May 1988) 100 — Binary math practice.
BOOLEAN
Linge, John M. "Sounding out the ABC's."
(February 1988) 142 ABCMRG
Lowe. Brad. "One liner contest winner." (February
1988) 74 — Golf game.
Lowe, Brad. "One liner contest winner." (February
1988) 132 — Disk checker.
Lueders, Raymond. "Easy as pie." (April 1988) 99
— Help for the amateur BASIC programmer.
UTILITY1
Machurek. Ed. Jr. "Merry Martian." (October 1987)
79 MARTIAN
MacLellan, Gary. "A colorful resistance." (July
1987) 44 — Teach color codes of resistors.
RESISTOR
Marsh, Albert P. "Rootin' tootin' sharpshootin'
CoCo." (August 1987) 105 SHOOTN
Martin, Jim. "One liner contest winner." (June
1988) 12 — Graphics demo.
Martinez, Louis. "Back to square one." (January
1988) 74 PUZZLE
Masten, Doug. "Auto-executing ML programs."
(February 1988) 154 AUTOEXEC
Matthews. Becky F. "CoCo goes country." (June
1988) 36 — Music and graphics of Nashville.
ROCKYTOP
Matthews, Becky F. "Electrifying graphics using
PMODE power." (October 1987) 44 ENERGY
May. Charles. "Taking stock." (March 1988) 60 —
Inventory control. STOCK
Mayeux. Ann B. "ABC is not just child's play."
(September 1987) 58 — Introduce kids to
computers. ABC
Mayfield, Randy. "That's entertainment."
(December 1987) 92 — VCR index VCRTAPES
Mayfield. Randy. "VCR tapes update." (February
1988) 77
McClintock. Ronald E. "One liner contest winner."
(February 1988) 151 — Game
McDowell. Jim. "One starry night." (November
1987) 96 — Graphics demo STARS
McGarrity, A. L. "The perfect disk manager." (July
1987) 30 - Disk utility LOCATOR DISKDATA
Miller. Scott ; and Cushing, Mike. "Guild of the
Kingmaker." (April 1988) 86 KINGBOOT; KING
Mills. David. "Hint." (March 1988) 182 - M/L
autostart.
Monroe, Richard. "Achieving simple equality,"
( July 1987) 50 — Educational game for children.
BALANCE
Montgomery, Scott. "Graphics creation transfer."
(October 1987) 48 GRAFTRAN
Mooallem, Saul. "Spreading it on a little thicker."
(March 1988) 54 — Spreadsheet program
enhanced. SPREAD2
Moon, J. R. "The blue block blues." (November
1987) 97 DODGE
Morrison, John. "Making magic." (August 1987) 88
— A magic square. MAGICSQR
Mosley, John. "Do you hear what I hear?"
(December 1987) 86 — Correction, June 1988,
p.38. XMASSONG MLEDITOR MLSONG
Musumeci, John. "CoCo's daring flying machine."
(January 1988) 73 AIRPLANE
Musumeci. John. "Goodbye flashcards."
(September 1987) 72 TIMETABL
Needham, Andre. "The ABC's of organization."
(February 1988) 80 — Alphabetize disk directory.
DIRALPHA
Nemitz, Vernon. "One liner contest winner."
(December 1987) 14 — PCLEAR routine.
Correction, January, 1988, p.138.
Nevin, Bob. "Lotsa luck!" (June 1988) 81
LOTT048
Onley, Ray. "Child-proofing the CoCo." (January
1988) 142 — Keyboard locking switch.
Ostler, David D. "BASIC for beginners part 1."
(September 1987) 26 CLS VARIABLE
Ostler, David W. "BASIC for beginners lesson 2."
(January 1988) 37 GOSUB COCOCALC
Ostler, David W. "BASIC for beginners lesson 3."
(February 1988) 20 DATABASE
Ostler, David W. "BASIC for beginners lesson 4."
( March 1988) 82 DATABASE
Ostrer, Ken. "Adjusting your monitor." (January
7988J80COLRTEST
Ostrom. Steven M. "Artifact colors on CoCo 3's
RGB." (February 1988) 114 PATCH LOOK
Owens, Tony. "Blockout wipeout." (May 1988) 94
BLOCKOUT
Parker, Sanjay. "Freaky face." (October 1987) 78
FUNFACE
Paroubek. Larry M. "Finding the right person for
the job." (January 1988) 106 — Create job
descriptions. JOB DESC
Parson, Louis. "The Kingdom of Le Lutin." (July
1987) 58 — Adventure game. Correction.
October 1987, p. 50. LE LUTIN
Perkins, Duane M. "CoCo 3 color dump." (May
1988) 42 — Dump to the CGP-220. COLORS
HRSAVE HRLOAD CGPPRINT COLORPIE
Perkins, Duane M. "Programming for the hi-res
joystick interface. (February 1988) 122
HIRESJOY
Petrak, Darryl L. "Hint." (October 1987) 14 —
Resuming from an accidental BREAK.'
Pettus, Ronald. "Plumbing your CoCo."
(November 1987) 36 — Making computer stands
out of plastic pipe.
Phillips, George. "Tank command." (June 1988) 60
— Defend terrain against enemy air force.
BLITZ1; BLITZ2; BLITZ3
Piersma. Daniel. "The home financial analyst."
(April 1988) 112 — Help at tax time. BUDGET
REPORT
Pittman. Larry P. "Beating the college crunch."
(June 1988) 26 — Calculate college saving plan.
COLLEGE
Plaster, Gip Wayne. "Adventures in music." (June
1988) 79 THECAVE EXPLORE2
Plaster, Gip Wayne. "From scales to Mozart."
(January 1988) 72 MUS1
Plaster. Gip Wayne, II. "Phrase centerer." (May
1988) 93 CENTERER
Plog, Michael. "Computers in school
management." (November 1987) 150
Plog, Michael. "Education overview. Approaches
for lifelong learning." (August 1987) 32
140
THE RAINBOW July 1988
Plog, Michael. "Learning readiness and
computers." (September 1987) 32
Pokorny, Douglas. "Adding the HPRINT capability
to PMODE 4." (May 1988) 155 FONTDEMO;
FONTPOKE ROMRAM
Power, Will C. "Hint." (October 7987; 189 —
Changing color sets.
Preble. Laurence D. "A healthy interface: Body
maintenance and computing." (February 1988)
188 — Posture problems and computing.
Pruyne, Jim. "A star like a wheel." (March 1988) 75
STARS
Puckett, Dale L. "A view ot Multi-Vue." (March
1988) 180 DSORT; DSORT.ASM
Puckett, Dale L. "Another great beginning." (June
1988) 180 MVSHELL SKIPMUF
Puckett, Dale L. "Back at the drawing board."
(January 1988) 160 PIPEIT KISSDMENU;
KISSDRAWFILL t BOX, LINE ETC.
Puckett, Dale L. "Controller attacks halt line
problem." (August 1987) 157 VMODE FILES
Puckett, Dale L. "The evolution continues."
(November 1987) 180 TEST KISSDRAW4:
KISSDRAWBOX; KISSDRAWARC
GETKISSMOUSE DOEVENT HANDLEMENU
PLAYBACKPIX RECORDPIX WHICHTOOI
Puckett, Dale L. "New tools, new toys." (April
1988) 160 CO80.PATCH WPDRV.DR; WP.DD;
WECHO.DD (♦ .SRC)
Puckett. Dale L. "An OS-9 convert speaks out."
(July 1987) 167 PRIME- TBL.C MACLIST
Puckett. Dale L. "Patches. Programs and politics."
(May 1988) 178 CMDGEN DEFSDEMO
MAKECMDGEN
Puckett, Dale L. "Primitive drawing tools."
(September 1987) 160 KISSDRAW COCODRAW
Puckett. Dale L. "Putting data structures on the
drawing board." (December 1987) 180
KISSDRAWPUT; * KISSDRAWBOX, LINE.
CIRCLE, ELLIPSE, BAR GETKISSMOUSE
SAVEPIX LOADPIX PREVIEWPIX ERASEPIX
HANDLEMENU SETUPMOUSE WHICHTOOL
DOEVENT
Puckett. Dale L. "Unlock the graphics potential of
OS-9 Level II.: (October 1987) 176 KISSDRAW2
Puckett, Dale L. "Using a fourth-generation
database language." (February 1988) 182
KISSCOLOR
Purnell. Dick. "They do it with numbers."
'December 1987; 74 — Convert hex to decimal.
etc. CONVERT
Quellhorst. George. "Bulletin board standout."
(May 1988) 1 16 — Printing posters with a DMP-
130. POSTRPTR
Radachowsky, Sage. "Two liner contest winner."
(October 1987) 22 — Graphics demo.
Rau. Fred. "Hit the road." ( July 1987) 95 —
Vacation log VACATION
Reed, James E. "Building a Rainbow." (August
1987) 16 — Introducing Jutta Kapfhammer as
new Managing Editor.
Reed, James E. "Building July's Rainbow." (July
1987) 16
Reed, James E. "Building November's Rainbow."
(November 1987) 16 — Introduction to
Telecommunications issue.
Reed. James E. "Printtt-2." (December 1987) 12 —
Wants help writing a book about the CoCo.
Remick, Jeff. "Who'll win on the gridiron?"
(December 1987) 78 - Pick football winners.
FOOTBALL
Ritchey. Ralph. "Hint." (September 1987) 166 —
Undo editing changes.
Riltenhouse, James E "Math can be fun." (Sep-
tember 1987) 71 MATHTCHR
Roberts. Bob. "Yakety-yak, the CoCo talks back."
(October 1987) 106 — Use speech/sound
cartridge to read your listings. READPROG
Rodriguez. Ana M. "Non-smoking section." (May
1988) 90 NO SMOKE
Rogers. Robert. "Compu match." (February 1988)
30 — Computer dating. MATCH
Rowgo, Russ. "Two liner contest winner."
(September 1987) 77 — Game.
Ruangchotvit. Chinarut. "Castle of death." (Febru-
ary 1988) 65 — Adventure contest winner.
CASTLE
Ruby, Paul, Jr. "Financial planning for your future."
(January 1988) 84 — Analyze savings plan.
COCOSAVR
Rucinski. Mark. "Two liner contest winner."
(October 1987) 102 - Graphics demo.
Samuels, Edward. "Who's gonna know?" ( July
1987) 123 — Copyright law review.
Sapello, Donald. "Debugging with Wordfind."
(February 1988) 155 WORDFIND LOADER
Sapello. Donald. "Peeling graphics." (February
1988) 154 PEELPCLS SAMPLE
Saunderson, George F. "Making a Christmas
address list." (December 1987) 66 — Correction.
February. 1988. p. 14, April 1988, p.14.
XMASLIST
Scerbo, Fred B. "CoCo cathead: 20 seconds into
the future." (November 1987) 113 — Talking
CoCo cathead. CATHEAD
Scerbo. Fred B. "Getting geared up for safer
driving." (September 1987) 90 — Road skills
instructor. ROADSKIL
Scerbo, Fred B. "Grammar 101 Part II." fjune
1988; 154 SENTENCE
Scerbo, Fred B. "Keying into CoCo's power." (July
1987) 112 — Keyboard training. COCOKEYS
Scerbo, Fred B. "Know what I mean?" (January
1988) 90 — Recognizing complete sentences
and fragments. SENTENCE
Scerbo. Fred B. "On the road again." (December
1987) 52 — Learn traffic safety rules. ROAD II
Scerbo, Fred B. "Reading and decoding skills."
(May 1988) 74 JUMBLE
Scerbo. Fred B. "Revising the reservoir." (April
1988) 146 — Fixes to recent programs. BLOOD
HEART DRIVE2 COCOKEYS SPELLKEY
Scerbo. Fred B. "Sentence savvy." (March 1988)
78 SENTENCE
Scerbo, Fred B. "The spelling game." (August
1987) 92 COCOKEY2
Scerbo, Fred B. "The ultimate testing programs."
(February 1988) 94 — Generate quizzes.
SUPRTEST
Scerbo, Fred B. "Understanding verb use."
(October 1987) 158 VERBTEST
Schenck, Ed. "Ticket maker." (May 1988) 91
TICKET
Schlottmann, Robert S. "Preparing for Uncle
Sam." (January 1988) 112 — Keep tax records in
order. Correction, March 1988, p.40. TAX. BAS;
TAXINFO.XX REVFIELD SETUP. BAS
Schmidt, Fred. "Hint." (July 1987) 156 —Keyboard
connection moditication.
Schuler. Keith. "One liner contest winner." (March
1988) 182 — Generate printed chart for
adventure games.
Selbee. Keith. "One liner contest winner." ( June
1988) 188 — Print cards for cassette boxes.
Shelton. Douglas C. "Hint." (August 1987) 98 —
Printer repair.
Shelton. Garry L. "Color composer." (June 1988)
42 — Create and edit songs. SONGWRTR
Shinatzki. Steven. "Hint." (October 1987) 14 —
Using INKEY.
Shoobs, Bernice M. "High-tech quilting bee."
(April 1988) 75 QUILT
Shoobs, Bernice. "ASCII answers." (June 1988) 82
ASCIIREF
Shoobs, Bernice. "CoCo cuddler." (January 1988)
74 — Graphics demo. PLAID
Shoobs, Bernice. "Too many (hie) bottles of beer."
(June 1988) 79 99BEERS
Shortt. Don ; and Duncan. M. G. "The Christmas
star." (December 1987) 70 XMASSTAR
Sirolly, Michael T. "Strata." (May 1988) 20 —
Action game. STRATA
Skaggs, Tracy L. "PMODE polychrome." (May
1988) 58 — Dump PMODE 3 and 4 screens in
color. IMAGE
Smiley, J. T. "Happy (un) birthday to you!"
(January 1988) 80 — Calculate age in seconds.
BIRTHDAY
Smith. Bill. "Wipe out letters." (September 1987)
74 CRUNCHER
Speer, Mike. "Preventing program wipeout."
(December 1987) 76 — Disk save utility.
SAFESAVE
Spencer, Brad. "Good things are cookin' on
CoCo." (April 1988) 28 — Database for recipes.
RECIPES
Spiller. Jeremy. "Synthesizer sound-off." (June
1988) 102 — Turn PLAY command into a
synthesizer. SUPRPLAY WAVEDIT
Steele, Chris. "Reading word processing files."
(February 1988) 81 ASCIREAD
Steinbrueck, Richard. "Painless revisions."
(February 1988) 155 — Help in saving programs
on disk. SAVESRUN
Stevenson. Colin D. "Hint." (September 1987) 14
— VIP colors.
Stewart. James M. "Hint." (February 1988) 87 —
Print using high speed poke.
Stewart, James. "Two liner contest winner."
(November 1987) 178 — Graphics demo.
Stewart, Shawn. "Have a hand at hangman."
(August 1987) 89 HANGMAN
Sutphin, Ricky. "A demonstration in art." (October
1987) 80 COCOART
Sutphin. Ricky. "A frightfully good time!" (October
1987) 20 HORROR
Sward, Steven. "Sub search." (March 1988) 122
SUBSERCH
Tadman. Sandy. "Life in a fish bowl." (February
1988) 78 — Electronic aquarium. AQUARIUM
Taggart, Ned M. "Hint." (March 1988) 144 —
Trouble shoot a locked up keyboard.
Taulll, T. C. "Batter up!" (July 1987) 105 —Trivia
game based on baseball TRIVIA
Thompson. E. C. "In good form." (March 1988) 72
— Print receipts. RECEIPT
Thompson, Ernie. "Blast from the Dast." (June
1988) 96 JUKEBOX
Tilenius, Eric W. "The urchins from the Black
Lagoon." (January 1988) 31 URCHIN
Tinklepaugh, Dale. "Financial time conversions."
(April 1988) 34 — Personal financial 'toolbox.'
FINANCE
Toepke, Michael G. "Two liner contest winner."
(January 1988) 69 — Game.
Toon. J. Frederick. "One liner contest winner."
(September 1987) 68 — Graphics demo.
Toscano, Louis R. "The electronic blackboard."
(September 1987) 106 — Mathematics teaching
aid. GRAPH
Tottingham. Bill. "Home inventory manager."
(April 1988;42INVNTORY
Tucker, Eric. "One good turn deserves another."
(May 1988) 30 — Strategy game. FLIPIT
Turner, Frank. "A CoCo pop-up calculator.''
(February 1988) 79 CALC
Turowksi, Donald. "Keep your memories in order."
(December 1987) 46 — Create labels for photo
album. PHOTOTAG
Unger, Frank, Jr. "One liner contest winner."
(June 1988) 16 — Graphics demo.
Upperman, James A. "Operation child protect."
(April 1988) 20 — Generate medical
authorization form. MED FORM
Veal, Lee. "A glossary of computer terms."
(January 1988) 85
Virkki, Jyrl J. "Putting on the program squeeze."
(February 1988) 157 — Make programs smaller.
CRUSH
Ward, Logan. "CoCo has all the answers."
(November 1987) 52 MAGIC3
Weaver, Daniel T. "Graphics reference chart."
(May 1988) 92 GRAFCODE
Weide. Debbie ; and Weide, Dennis H. "Galileo
and the CoCo." (December 1987) 160 — A
science project to re-do Galileo's experiment.
TIMER.BIN; TIMER. BAS
Weide, Dennis H. "The CoCo writes a program."
(July 1987) 84 — Use machine language in
BASIC." DATAWRIT
Weide. Dennis H. "Follow the bread crumbs."
(February 1988) 108 — How to find machine
language addresses. ADRESBAS; ADRESPAS
Weide, Dennis H. "A picture is worth 6144 bytes."
(February 1988) 126 — Reversing a PMODE 4
graphic. REVERSE1: REVERSE2: REVERSE3:
REVERSE4
Weide. Dennis H. "Static RAM interface." (May
1988) 150 — A RAM pack for the CoCo ROM
port.
July 198B
THE RAINBOW
141
\ The color gallery." (February 1988)
3 graphics. CHANGER GALLERY
..„, rncnara A. "BASIC09 and Level II:
Focusing on modules." (July 1987) 163
Wiens, Michael F. "CoCo 3 potpourri." ( June 1988)
158CC3PATCH
Williams. John G. "CoCo draw update." (October
1987) 98 — Update from October 1986, p.59.
Correction, December, 1987, p.24. MENUGEN
COCODRAW
Wllloughby. Lauren. "Calibrate your ears." (June
1988) 78 PITCHER
Willoughby, Lauren. "Starting Irom scratch."
(January 1988) 20 — Tips to get the new user up
and running.
Wilson, Lonni. "A Christmas dream." (December
1987) 20 — Christmas adventure game. DREAM
Wolf. Eric A. "Into the danger zone." (August 1987)
58 — F-15 ground assault simulator.
F15EAGLE
Wright, Archor. "Initially 3-D." (October 1987) 53
3DLETTER
PRODUCT REVIEWS
"Address." (March 1988) 132 — Correction, May
1988, p.154.
"ADOS-3." (July 1987) 138
"An education." (September 1987) 133
"Art-deli." (October 1987) 134
"Artificial intelligence Tic-Tac-Toe." (June 1988)
133
"Artificial learning file." (January 1988) 130
"Assembly language programming for the CoCo 3.
(book)" (June 1988) 132
"The astro fortune teller." (May 1988) 130
"Auto Dim." (January 1988) 139
"Autoterm 6.1." (March 1988) 132
"Avatex 1200e." (April 1988) 134
"Avatex 2400 modem." (March 1988) 134
"Backup and Backup II" (July 1987) 142
"Backup lightning." (February 1988) 136
"Banker II." (April 1988) 133
"Basic freedom." (August 1987) 135
"Better graphics on your CoCo III (book)."
(August 1987; 143
"BTU analysis." (September 1987) 130
"Bug buster." (September 1987) 132
"Caladuril Flame of Light." (December 1987) 135
"CBASIC III." (December 1987) 136
"CCRAM." (June 1988) 130
"Check account information system." (February
1988) 133
"Checkbook III." (July 1987) 133
"Checkerboard filesort." July 1987) 137
"Chemistry tutor." (April 1988) 136
"CoCo address book." (June 1988) 133
"CoCo base I." (March 1988; 130
"CoCo checkbook." (December 1987) 134
"CoCo disk zapper." (December 1987) 131
"CoCo III utilities." (August 1987) 141
"CoCo keyboard extender cable." (November
1987) 137
"CoCo Max II patch." (December 1987) 136
"CoCo Max III." (April 1988) 129
"CoCo mid/ 2." (September 1987) 133
"CoCo newsroom." (March 1988) 129
"CoCo XT." (April 1988) 137
"CoCo 3 Turbo RAM 51 2K upgrade. (January
1988) 130
"Color Computer artist." (March 1988) 131
"Color file II." (November 1987) 131
"Color math." (February 1988) 136
"Color Max 3 font editor." (February 1988) 132
"Color Max 3." (October 1987; 129
"Color Scripsit II." (August 1987) 138
"Color Venture RAMDISK." (April 1988) 138
"Currillian cruiser." (February 1988) 132
"Custom palette designer." (August 1987) 134
"Data master." (May 1988) 128
"DeskMate 3." (December 1987) 129
"The Director." (April 1988) 138
"Directory date." (August 1987) 132
"Disk anti-pirate." (September 1987) 133
"Disk editor II." (Juno 1988) 130
"Disk manager." (July 1987) 140
"Disklock." (February 1988) 130
"Dollar wise." (September 1987) 136
"Donald Duck's playground." (September 1987)
129
"Donut dilemma." (August 1987) 133
"Financial time conversions." (January 1988) 136
"FlightSim I." (April 1988) 135
"Gates of delirium." (October 1987) 136
"GrafFind." (April 1988) 137
"Gridiron." (August 1987) 142
"A guide to CoCo 3 basics and graphics." (July
1987) 136
"Hall of the King III." (November 1987) 136
"Hi-Res III." (November 1987) 133
"High resolution joystick interface." (October
1987) 130 — Correction, November, 1987, p. 11 6.
"Indiana Jim." (May 1988) 138
"Inventory manager." (December 1987) 132
"IRA analysis." (November 1987) 130
"Iron Cross: War in Russia." (January 1988) 131
"Koronis rift." (August 1987) 136
"Kung-fu dude." (February 1988) 129
"The Lansford Mansion." (November 1987) 132
"Laser surgeon: The microscope mission." (May
1988) 126
"Leonardo's pencil." (October 1987) 132
"Lot-pro." (May 1988) 130
"Lotzaluk." (November 1987) 135
"Magnavox RGB Monitor 80." (August 1987) 140
"Mapper." (July 1987) 132
"Master disk." (February 1988) 133
"Maxsound." (June 7988; 126
"Mickey's space adventure." (January 1988) 135
"MLBASIC." (December 1987) 138
"Multi-label III." (July 1987) 135
"My artist." (October 1987) 131
"OS-9 development system." (May 7988; 132
"Phantomgraph." (April 1988) 135
"Phonebook." (November 1987) 136
"Polytint." (October 1987) 132
"Print spooler." (August 1987) 132
"Printer lightning." (March 1988) 135
"Printer muffler 80." (November 1987) 129
"Pyramix." (December 1987) 132
"QuikPro'll." (December 1987) 137
"RAMDisk." (January 1988) 138 — Correction,
February 1988, p.14.
"The rat." (May 1988) 137
"REMUSIC 1.0." (May 1988) 136
"Rescue on Fractalus." (November 1987) 133
"RGB patch." (July 1987) 142
"Rickeyterm." (September 1987) 130
"Robot Odyssey." (February 1988) 131
"Scan and Restorit." (October 1987) 134
"Screen star/OS-9 text formatter." (October 1987)
139
"Screenprint." (August 7987; 132
"Shanghai." (March 1988) 138
"Spectrum DOS." (July 1987) 134
"Stock market portfolio." (October 1987) 138
"Sub battle simulator." (June 1988) 134
"Super Extended Basic Unravelled (book)."
(August 7987; 139
"Super graphics 16." (June 1988) 132
"Super tape/disk transfer." (October 1987) 135
"Superdisk utility." (June 7988; 134
"T/S spell." (March 1988) 135
"Telewriter-128." (May 7988; 133
"Telewriter-64 (and modifications)." (August 1987)
143
"Textform." (May 1988) 131
"The third Rainbow book of adventures."
(November 7987; 137
"Title." (July 1987) 140
"Tomb of T'ien." (May 1988) 129
"Trig attack." (November 1987) 131
"TW-80." (October 1987) 138
"Typ-o-matic." (August 1987) 132
"Ultra editor." (July 1987) 139
"UniStand." (November 1987) 130
"Utility routines volume II." (November 1987) 135
"Vegas slots." (November 1987) 132
"Video cards/Keno." (February 1988) 135
"Winnie the Pooh and the Hundred Acre Wood."
(December 1987) 133
"Wizard's den." (January 1088) 129
"Zandar." (June 7988; 131
"Zone runner." (January 1988) 131
RAINBOW ON TAPE/DISK
ABC Mayeux, Ann B. "ABC is not just child's
play." (September 1987) 58 — Introduce kids to
computers.
ABCMRG Linge, John M. "Sounding out the
ABC's." (February 1988) 142
ADPROFIT Bernico, Bill. "Advertising profit
predictor." (March 1988) 32
ADRESBAS; ADRESPAS Weide, Dennis H.
"Follow the bread crumbs." (February 1988) 108
— How to find machine language addresses.
AIRPLANE Musumeci, John. "CoCo's daring
flying machine." (January 1988) 73
ALARM Clark, Roderick. "An alarming solution."
(November 1987) 98 — Alarm clock.
ALFAWORD Kenny, Keiran. "Alphabet roulette."
(November 1987) 97
ANIMALS Blount, Andy. "The power of the mind."
(September 1987) 36 — Demonstrates artificial
intelligence.
ANIMATE Carrock, Solla. "Animation film
festival." (October 1987) 114
APPLEPIE Allen, David. "CoCo concoctions."
(December 1987) 77
AQUARIUM Tadman, Sandy. "Life in a fish bowl."
(February 1988) 78 — Electronic aquarium.
ASCIIREF Shoobs, Bernice. "ASCII answers."
(June 1988) 82
ASCIREAD Steele, Chris. "Reading word
processing files." (February 1988) 81
AUTODIAL Bossinger, Sean. "Autodial reaches
out across the miles." (November 1987) 144
AUTOEXEC Masten. Doug. "Auto-executing ML
programs." (February 1988) 154
AUT03 Katsekes, Chuck. "CoCo 3 auto-boot."
(June 1988) 32 — Load and run a program at a
specified time.
BALANCE Monroe, Richard. "Achieving simple
equality." (July 1987) 50 — Educational game lor
children.
BBS-BORD.SYS Jorgenson, Michael. "A BBS
that's SysOp friendly and hacker hostile."
(November 1987) 152
BEEZAP Koch, Daren. "Bee zapper." (September
1987) 50
BESTLIST Howe, Clay. "The LLISTing formatter."
(May 7988; 104
BFORK; BFORK.DUMP Dibble, Peter. "The
problem with BASIC09." (August 1987) 163
BIGDUMP Handis, John. "A full page dump lor
the DMP-105." (May 1988) 92
BILLGEN Conant, Shawn. "Putting it on their tab."
(March 1988) 20 — Print Invoices for parts and
labor.
BIRTHDAY Smiley, J. T. "Happy (un) birthday to
you!" (January 1988) 80 — Calculate age in
seconds.
BLAKJACK Bernico, Bill ; and Aftamonow,
George. "Beat the dealer." (August 1987) 84
BLASTER Donald, Steve. "Battle back with
munchkin blaster." (August 1987) 44
BLITZ1; BLITZ2; BLITZ3 Phillips, George. "Tank
command." (June 1988) 60 — Defend terrain
against enemy air force.
BLOCKOUT Owens, Tony. "Blockout wipeout."
(May 1988) 94
BLOOD Scerbo, Fred B. "Revising the reservoir."
(April 1988) 146 — Fixes to recent programs.
BOOLEAN Levinson, Eric. "The ins and outs of
Boolean." (May 7988; 100 — Binary math
practice.
BOOT.BAS Jorgenson, Michael. "A BBS that's
SysOp friendly and hacker hostile." (November
1987) 152
BRU England, Carl. "Backup and restore." (April
1988) 72 — Backup disk directory.
BUDGET Piersma. Daniel. "The home financial
analyst." (April 1988) 1 12 — Help at tax time.
CALC Turner, Frank. "A CoCo pop-up calculator."
(February 1988) 79
CALENDAR Holdorf, William J. "Appointment
calendar." (January 1988) 100 — Print an
appointment book. Kolesar, Fred. "t\ CoCo pop-
up calendar." (April 1988) 74
142
THE RAINBOW July 1988
CALL Hrycaj, Bohdan. "I/O error free." (December
1987) 75 — Cassette loading utility.
CANVAS Attamonow, George ; and Aftamonow,
Ellen. "CoCo 3 canvas." (May 1988) 91
CASTLE Ruangchotvit, Chinarut. "Castle ot death."
(February 1988) 65 — Adventure contest winner.
CATALYST; CATALYST3 Campbell, Marc.
"Changing the language." (June 1988) 168 —
Customize your programming language.
CATHEAD Scerbo. Fred B. "CoCo cathead: 20
seconds Into the future." (November 1987) 113
— Talking CoCo cathead.
CCBLITZ Blyn, Steve. "Learning in the end zone."
( October 1987) 94 — Educational football quiz.
CC3PATCH Wiens. Michael F. "CoCo 3
potpourri." (June 1988) 158
CDUMP Dibble, Peter. "A computer's ancient
native language." (July 1987) 100 — Assembly
language aid.
CENTERER Plaster, Gip Wayne, II. "Phrase
centerer." (May 7988; 93
CGPPRINT Perkins, Duane M. "CoCo 3 color
dump." (May 7988; 42 — Dump to the CGP-220.
CHANGER White, Eric. "The color gallery."
(February 1988) 85 — CoCo 3 graphics.
CHART LeBlanc. Brian. "Right back where we
started from part 2." (October 1987) 144
CHAR1000 Barden, William, Jr. "Font fascination."
(March 1988) 167 — Discussion on character
generation.
CHORDS Dods, Stuart C. "Preventing dis-chord."
(June 1988) 140 — Learn position of keyboard
chords.
CIRCLE Krom, Matt. "Powerful pages." (July
1987) 94 — Graphics demo.
CIRCLE; CIRCLE2 Ferreira, Ken. "Tunnel effects."
(November 1987) 96 — Graphics demo.
CIRCUIT Blyn, Steve. "Electricity and circuit
experimentation." (December 1987) 98 — Teach
electrical circuits.
CITY SUN Hall, Greg. "A short day's journey Into
the night." (November 1987) 106 — Graphics
demo
CLOWNS Bernico, Bill ; and Aftamonow. George.
"The clown of a hundred faces." (January 1988)
44
CLS Ostler, David D. "BASIC for beginners part
1." (September 1987) 26
CMDGEN Puckett. Dale L. "Patches, Programs
and politics." (May 1988) 178
COCOART Sutphin, Ricky. "A demonstration in
art," (October 1987) 80
COCOBLUZ Burke, Val. "Playin' the blues." (June
1988) 20
COCOCALC Ostler, David W. "BASIC for
beginners lesson 2." (January 1988) 37
COCODRAW Puckett, Dale . ""rimitive drawing
tools." (September 1987) 160 Williams, John G.
"CoCo draw update." (October 1987) 98 —
Update from October 1986. p.59. Correction,
December, 1987, p.24.
COCOKEYS Scerbo, Fred B. "Keying into CoCo's
power." (July 1987) 112 — Keyboard training.
Scerbo, Fred B. "Revising the reservoir." (April
1988) 146 — Fixes to recent programs.
COCOKEY2 Scerbo, Fred B. "The spelling game."
(August 1987) 92
COCOLERN English, William D. "Learn CoCo
learn." (August 1987) 50 — Artificial intelligence
helps CoCo play.
COCOSAVR Ruby, Paul, Jr. "Financial planning for
your future." (January 1988) 84 — Analyze sav-
ings plan.
COLLECT DeMarco. Brian. "Picking up the
pieces." (June 1988) 82
COLLEGE Pittman, Larry P. "Beating the college
crunch." (June 1988) 26 — Calculate college
saving plan.
COLORMIX Breindel, Adam. "Color creator."
(January 1988) 78 — Blend colors. Curtis, H.
Allen. "PALETTEable color mixing." (April 1988)
124 — Utility to make color selection easier.
COLORPIE Perkins, Duane M. "CoCo 3 color
dump." (May 1988) 42 — Dump to the CGP-220.
COLORS Perkins, Duane M. "CoCo 3 color
dump." (May 1988) 42 — Dump to the CGP-220.
COLRTEST Ostrer, Ken. "Adjusting your
monitor." (January 1988) 80
COLRFEST Benway, Patrick. "All the colors of the
rainbow." (December 1987) 74
COMPARE; INDEX; SAVELOAD; TOTAL Kolar,
Joseph. Mission interchangeable." (March 1988)
68
COMPRESS Dibble, Peter. "Compression filters in
saving and restoring graphics screens."
(December 1987) 168 Dibble, Peter. "Sometimes
BASIC09 Isn't fast enough." (September 1987)
170
CONNECTS James. John. "Five in a row." (March
1988) 76
CONTROL; CNTRL Bell, Bruce K. "To overthrow
the controllers." (February 1988) 42 —
Adventure contest winner.
CONVERT Purnell, Dick. "They do it with
numbers." (December 1987; 74 — Convert hex
to decimal, etc.
CO80.PATCH Puckett, Dale L. "New tools, new
toys." (April 1988) 160
CRUNCHER Smith, Bill. "Wipe out letters."
(September 1987) 74
CRUSH Virkki, Jyrl J. "Putting on the program
squeeze." (February 1988) 157 — Make
programs smaller.
DATABASE Ostler. David W. "BASIC for
beginners lesson 3." (February 1988) 20 Ostler,
David W. "BASIC for beginners lesson 4."
(March 1988) 82
DATAWRIT Weide, Dennis H. "The CoCo writes a
program." ( July 1987) 84 — Use machine
language in BASIC."
DEFSDEMO Puckett, Dale L. "Patches, Programs
and politics." (May 1988) 178
DEMO Hawkins, Darryl W. "Two screens
accompany, but three Is not a crowd."
(November 1987) 100 — A third graphics screen.
DESKTOPL; DESKTOPH Curtis. H. Allen. "A desk-
top publisher on a shoestring." (October 1987) 58
— Corrections, October 1987, p.24, January 1988,
p. 138.
DIRALPHA Needham. Andre. "The ABC's of
organization." (February 1988) 80 — Alphabetize
disk directory.
DIRPRINT Knoppow. Jim. "Hard copy your
directory." (February 1988) 81
DISK.BAS; DISK3 Campbell, Marc. "Changing the
language." (June 1988) 168 — Customize your
programming language.
DISKDATA McGarrity, A. L. "The perfect disk
manager." (July 1987) 30 — Disk utility
DISKDUMP; DISKDIR Barden. William, Jr.
"Delving into the CoCo disk." (January 1988)
180
DISKSEEK Berenz. Michael. "An inside view."
(July 1987) 97 — Disk utility.
DODGE Moon, J. R. "The blue block blues."
(November 1987) 97
DOEVENT Puckett, Dale L. "The evolution
continues." (November 1987) 180 Puckett, Dale
L. "Putting data structures on the drawing
board." (December 1987) 180
DREAM Wilson. Lonni. "A Christmas dream."
(December 1987) 20 — Christmas adventure
game.
DRIVER; CONVERT Forgione. Joseph. "Prompt
attention." (July 1987) 97 — Change the cursor
prompt.
DRIVE2 Scerbo. Fred B. "Revising the reservoir."
(April 1988) 146 — Fixes to recent programs.
DSORT; DSORT.ASM Puckett, Dale L. "A view of
Multl-Vue." (March 1988) 180
EDITOR-2 Dibble. Peter. "The problem with
BASIC09." (August 1987) 163
ELECFORM Burdon, Kenneth. "WATTS the
electrical cost of appliances." (November 1987)
46
ELECTION Blyn, Steve. "Presidential election
preview." (April 1988) 70 — Polling program.
EM8ROID Furman, George R. "Stitch niche-ery."
(December 1987) 76 — Make embroidery
patterns.
ENCRYPT Compton, David. "Undercover CoCo."
(April 1988) 73 — Construct cryptograms.
ENERGY Matthews, Becky F. "Electrifying
graphics using PMODE power." (October 1987;
44
ERASEPIX Puckett, Dale L. "Putting data
structures on the drawing board." (December
1987) 180
EXAMPLE Barden, William, Jr. "Hands-on
Hershey." (April 1988) 170 — Create various
characters.
EXPLORE2 Plaster, Gip Wayne. "Adventures in
music." (June 1988) 79
EXPNS Anderson, Larry. "CoCo's auto
maintenance manager." (April 1988) 58 — Keep
maintenance schedules for up to 5 vehicles.
FAMILY LeBlanc. Brian. "Right back where we
started from part 2." (October 1987) 144
FASTCOPY Lawson, Matt. "Backup and go." (July
1987) 98 — Quicker disk backups. Correction.
June 1988, p.38.
FASTFOOD Blyn, Steve. "Can you afford a burger
attack?" (January 1988) 54 — Estimating
expenses.
FDCAID Honaker, Scott. "Exercise your drives."
(June 1988) 110
FILEDATA Doss, Raymond. "Creating data files."
(March 1988) 74 — Construct single
dimensioned string file.
FILEREAD Bernico, Bill. "Reading data files."
(March 1988; 74
FILES Puckett, Dale L. "Controller attacks halt line
problem." (August 1987) 157
FINANCE Tinklepaugh, Dale. "Financial time
conversions." (April 1988) 34 — Personal
financial 'toolbox.'
FINDMAZE Barden. William. Jr. "An A 'maze' ing
adventure." (February 1988) 171
FLIPIT Tucker. Eric. "One good turn deserves
another." (May 1988) 30 — Strategy game.
FONTDEMO; FONTPOKE Pokorny, Douglas.
"Adding the HPRINT capability to PMODE 4."
(May 1988) 155
FONTUTIL Barden, William, Jr. "Hands-on
Hershey." (April 1988) 170 — Create various
characters.
FOOTBALL Behrmann. Darrel. "It's a touchdown!"
(October 1987) 83 Remick. Jeff. "Who'll win on
the gridiron?" (December 1987) 78 — Pick
football winners.
FRACTION Bernico. Bill. "Any way you slice it."
(September 1987) 40 — Teach fractions.
FUNFACE Parker, Sanjay. "Freaky face." (October
1987) 78
F15EAGLE Wolf, Eric A. "Into the danger Zone."
(August 1987) 58 — F-15 ground assault
simulator.
GALACTIC Alger, Paul. "Caught up in a galactic
conflict." (November 1987) 78 — BBS game.
Correction. January 1988, p.138.
GALLERY White. Eric "The color gallery."
(February 1988) 85 — CoCo 3 graphics.
GENFONT1; GENFONT2 Curtis. H. Allen. "A
Desktop publisher on a shoestring." (October
1987) 58 — Corrections, October 1987, p.24.
January 1988. p. 138.
GETBUFFER Dibble, Peter. "Compression filters
in saving and restoring graphics screens."
(December 1987) 168 Dibble. Peter. "Sometimes
BASIC09 Isn't fast enough." (September 1987)
170
GETIMAGE Dibble, Peter. "Polishing off the
screen save/dump package." (January 1988) 176
GETKISSMOUSE Puckett. Dale L. "The evolution
continues." (November 1987) 180 Puckett. Dale
L. "Putting data structures on the drawing
board." (December 1987) 180
GETWINATTR Dibble. Peter. "Compression litters
in saving and restoring graphics screens."
(December 1987) 168 Dibble, Peter. "Sometimes
BASIC09 isn't fast enough." (September 1987)
170
GOSUB Ostler, David W. "BASIC for beginners
lesson 2." (January 1988) 37
GRADES Dorrity, Dennis. "Report card payoff."
(September 1987) 20 — Total up the report card.
GRADER Bernico, Bill. "Teacher's pet."
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 143
(September 1987) 76 — Help teacher total
scores.
GRAFCODE Weaver, Daniel T. "Graphics
reference chart." (May 1988) 92
GRAFTRAN Montgomery, Scott. "Graphics
creation transfer." (October 1987) 48
GRAPH Toscano, Louis R. "The electronic
blackboard." (September 1987) 106 —
Mathematics teaching aid.
GUITARS Bernico. Bill. "Graphing greal guitars."
(June 1988) 56
HANDLEMENU Puckelt, Dale L. "The evolution
continues." (November 1987) 180 Puckett, Dale
L. "Putting dala structures on the drawing
board. ' (December 1987) 180
HANGMAN Stewart, Shawn. "Have a hand at
hangman." (August 1987) 89
HANUKKAH DellaFave, Renard. "A festival of
lights." (December 1987) 28 — Graphics for
Hanukkah.
HEART Scerbo, Fred B. "Revising Ihe reservoir."
(April 1988) 146 — Fixes to recent programs.
HELIHERO Holsten. Phil. "Helicopter hero."
(March 1988) 42
HELPMATE Goldberg. Stephen B. "Help is on the
way." (June 1988) 14 — Create online assistance
lor any program.
HFDRIVER Barden, William, Jr. "Hands-on
Hershey." (April 1988) 170 — Create various
characters.
HI Krom, Matt. "Powerful pages." (July 1987) 94 —
Graphics demo.
HIRESJOY Perkins, Duane M. "Programming for
the hi-res joystick interface. (February 1988) 122
HITME Gleason, Chris. "Hit me if you can."
(January 1988) 76
HORROR Sulphin, Ricky. "A frightfully good
time!" (October 1987) 20
HRLOAD Perkins, Duane M. "CoCo 3 color
dump." (May 1988) 42 — Dump to the CGP-220.
HRSAVE Perkins, Duane M. "CoCo 3 color dump."
(May 1988) 42 — Dump to the CGP-220.
IMAGE Skaggs, Tracy L. "PMODE polychrome."
(May 1988) 58 — Dump PMODE 3 and 4 screens
in color.
INVNTORY Tottingham, Bill. "Home inventory
manager." (April 1988) 42
INVTREND Franz. James E. "Stock analyzer."
(March 1988) 94 — Use if to time investment
decisions
JACKET Crawford, Gay. "Disk jacket designer for
the well-dressed diskette." (November 1987) 26
JOB DESC Paroubek, Larry M. "Finding the right
person for the job." (January 1988) 106 —
Create job descriptions.
JOYCHECK Ellis, Richard S. "Joy for joysticks.
(August 1987) 91 — Check out your joysticks.
JUKEBOX Thompson, Ernie. "Blast from the
past." (June 1988) 96
JUMBLE Scerbo, Fred B. "Reading and decoding
skills." (May 1988) 74
KINGBOOT; KING Miller. Scott ; and Cushing,
Mike. "Guild of the Kingmaker." (April 1988) 86
KISSCOLOR Puckett, Dale L. "Using a fourth-
generation database language." (February 1988)
182
KISSDMENU; KISSDRAWFILL + BOX, LINE ETC.
Puckett, Dale L. "Back at the drawing board."
(January 1988 ) 160
KISSDRAW Puckett, Dale L. "Primitive drawing
tools." (September J987J 160
KISSDRAWPUT; + KISSDRAWBOX, LINE,
CIRCLE, ELLIPSE, BAR Puckett, Dale L.
"Pulling data structures on the drawing board."
(December 1987) 180
KISSDRAW2 Puckett, Dale L. "Unlock the
graphics potential of OS-9 Level II.: (October
1987) 176
KISSDRAW4; KISSDRAWBOX; KISSDRAWARC
Puckelt, Dale L. "The evolution continues."
(November 1987) 180
LCPATCH2: LCPATCH3 Campbell, Marc.
"Changing the language." (June 1988) 168 —
Customize your programming language.
LE LUTIN Parson, Louis. "The Kingdom of Le
Lutin." (July 1987) 58 — Adventure game.
Correction. October 1987, p. 50.
LETRGETR Duncan, James Dale. "Learning your
ABCs." (September 1987) 72
LETRWRITR Hallock, Arthur S. "Color
correspondent." (April 1988) 48 — A mini word
processor.
LETTER Brown, Charles E, Jr. "Printing in Iwo
columns." (May 1988) 95
LETTERS Barden, William, Jr. "Barden's buffer:
The mystery of the Tandy anagram." (May 1988)
170
LINEDRAW Kenny, Keiran. "Laying it on Ihe line."
(January 1988) 73
LOADER Sapello, Donald. "Debugging with
wordfind." (February 1988) 155
LOADPIX Puckelt. Dale L. "Putling dala structures
on the drawing board." (December 1987) 180
LOCATOR McGarrily, A. L. "The perfect disk
manager." (July 1987) 30 — Disk utility
LONNIE.BIN Crawford, Gay. "Disk jacket designer
lor Ihe well-dressed diskette." (November 1987)
26
LOOK Ostrom. Steven M. "Artifact colors on
CoCo 3's RGB." (February 1988) 114
LOTT048 Nevin. Bob. "Lolsa luck!" (June 1988)
81
LP78DMPS Curtis. H. Allen. "Screen dump
extraordinaire." (October 1987) 30 — Correction,
November 1987, p.116.
MACLIST Puckett. Dale L. "An OS-9 convert
speaks out." (July 1987) 167
MAGICSQR Morrison. John. "Making magic."
(August 1987) 88 — A magic square.
MAGIC3 Ward, Logan. "CoCo has all Ihe
answers." (November 1987) 52
MAGPARTS Blyn, Steve. "Who, what and where?"
(June 1988) 86 — Sharpen reference skills.
MAIN Anderson, Larry. "CoCo's auto maintenance
manager." (April 1988) 58 — Keep maintenance
schedules for up to 5 vehicles.
MAKECMDGEN Puckett. Dale L. "Patches,
Programs and politics." (May 1988) 178
MAKPIPE Dibble. Peter. "Compression filters in
saving and restoring graphics screens."
(December 1987) 168
MAKPIPE2 Dibble. Peter. "Polishing off the screen
save/dump package." (January 1988) 176
MAPPER Haupt, Neil. "Help for adventurers."
(August 1987) 90 — Adventure map printer.
MARTIAN Machurek, Ed, Jr. "Merry Martian."
(October 1987) 79
MATCH Rogers, Robert. "Compu match."
(February 1988) 30 — Computer dating.
MATHTCHR Rittenhouse, James E. "Math can be
fun." (September 1987) 71
MED FORM Upperman, James A. "Operation child
protect." (April 1988) 20 — Generate medical
authorization form.
MEMOCARD Belanger, Allan J. "CoCo
concentration." (August 1987) 20 — Memory
game
MENUGEN Williams, John G. "CoCo draw
update." (October 1987) 98 — Update from
October 1986, p.59. Correction. December 1987,
p.24.
MIRORPIX Kenny, Keiran. "Mirror image."
(October 1987) 81
MLEDITOR Mosley, John. "Do you hear what I
hear?" (December 1987) 86 — Correction, June
1988, p.38.
MLSONG Mosley. John. "Do you hear what I
hear?" (December 1987) 86 — Correction, June
1988, p.38.
MONEYJAR Bernico, Bill. "How much do you
have?" (September 1987) 70 — Count your
money.
MONTEST Archer, David. "CoCo 3 number
cruncher." (March 1988) 146 — Spreadsheet
program.
MUSICPRO Arko. Lyn. "Listen to what they done."
(June 1988) 80
MUS1 Plaster, Gip Wayne. "From scales to
Mozart." (January 1988) 72
MVSHELL Puckelt. Dale L. "Another great
beginning." (June 1988) 180
99BEERS Shoobs, Bernice. "Too many (hie)
bottles of beer." (June 1988) 79
NEWGAME Alger, Paul. "Caught up in a galactic
conflict." (November 1987) 78 — BBS game.
Correction, January 1988, p. 138.
NEWMAZE Barden, William, Jr. "An A 'maze' ing
adventure." (February 1988) 171
NO SMOKE Rodriguez, Ana M. "Non-smoking
section." (May 1988) 90
NUMFILE Copley. Don. "Let your CoCo do the
walking." (November 1987) 70 — Database for
phone numbers.
NUMREVUE Blyn, Steve. "Number fun for Ihe very
young." (August 1987) 97
NYMS Blyn, Steve. "Differences and similarities."
(May 1988) 88 — Review of synonyms, etc.
ODDSENDS Kolar. Joseph. "The Kolar
progression." (January 1988) 96
PAGE LeBlanc, Brian. "Right back where we
started from." (September 1987) 102 —
Genealogy aid.
PAKXFER Dawson, David. "Pak to disk transfer."
(December 1987) 152
PALINDRM Barden, William, Jr. "Barden's buffer:
The mystery of the Tandy anagram." (May 1988)
170
PALPRINT White. Eric. "The color gallery."
(February 1988) 85 — CoCo 3 graphics.
PAL32 Katsekes, Chuck. "Color in 32 columns."
(May 1988) 93
PAPERS Leistico, Dale James. "Delivering the
goods." (March 1988) 36 — Bookkeeping system
for newspaper carriers.
PASSWORD Anderson, Doug. "Personal
password protector." (November 1987) 95 —
Random password generator.
PATCH Ostrom, Steven M. "Artifact colors on
CoCo 3's RGB." (February 1988) 114
PAYMENTS Bernico, Bill. "I owe, I owe." (January
1988) 82 — Calculate monthly payments.
PEELPCLS Sapello, Donald. "Peeling graphics."
(February 1988) 154
PERMS Barden, William, Jr. "Barden's buffer: The
mystery of the Tandy anagram." (May 1988) 170
PERSLOGO Brown, Charles E, Jr. "Printing in two
columns." (May 1988) 95
PHONICS Blyn, Steve. "Fun with phonics." (March
1988) 89
PHOTOTAG Turowksi, Donald. "Keep your
memories in order." (December 1987) 46 —
Create labels for photo album.
PICTBOOK Carrock, Solla. "Animation film
festival." (October 1987) 114
PIPEIT Puckett, Dale L. "Back at the drawing
board." (January 1988) 160
PITCHER Willoughby, Lauren. "Calibrate your
ears." (June 1988) 78
PLAID Shoobs, Bernice. "CoCo cuddler."
(January 1988) 74 — Graphics demo.
PLAYBACKPIX Puckett, Dale L. "The evolution
continues." (November 1987) 180
POST Beckles, Orman Cyril, III. "The Post Office."
(March 1988) 104 — Mailing list program. —
Major correction. April, 1988, p.30.
POSTRPTR Quellhorst, George. "Bulletin board
standout." (May 1988) 116 — Printing posters
withaDMP-130.
PREVIEWPIX Puckett, Dale L. "Putting data
structures on the drawing board." (December
1987) 180
PRIME-TBL.C Puckett, Dale L. "An OS-9 convert
speaks out." (July 1987) 167
PRINTER Dibble, Peter. "The problem with
BASIC09." (August 1987) 163
PRINTUNE Boots. Greg. "Print that tune!" (June
1988)52
PUTBUFFER Dibble, Peter. "Polishing off the
screen save/dump package." (January 1988) 176
PUZZLE Martinez, Louis. "Back to square one."
(January 1988) 74
P178&GL Bernico, Bill. "Prepare before you
paint." (October 1987) 82
QUEENS Allen. Scot. "The Queen's quarrel."
(October 1987) 28 — Chess like puzzle.
QUILT Shoobs, Bernice M. "High-tech quilting
144
THE RAINBOW July 1988
bee." (April 1988) 75
RAM Campbell, Marc. "Changing the language."
( June 1988) 168 — Customize your
programming language.
READPROG Roberts, Bob. "Yakety-yak, the CoCo
talks back." (October 1987) 106 — Use
speech/sound cartridge to read your listings.
RECEIPT Thompson, E. C. "In good form." (March
1988) 72 — Print receipts.
RECIPES Spencer, Brad. "Good things are cookin'
on CoCo." (April 1988) 28 — Database (or
recipes.
RECORDPIX Puckett, Dale L. "The evolution
continues." (November 1987) 180
REM Anderson, Larry. "CoCo's auto maintenance
manager." (April 1988) 58 — Keep maintenance
schedules lor up to 5 vehicles.
REMOTE2 Alger. Paul. "Caught up in a galactic
conflict." (November 1987) 78 — BBS game.
Correction, January, 1988. p.138.
REPORT Piersma, Daniel. "The home financial
analyst." (April 1988) 1 12 — Help at tax time.
RESCUE Johnson, Clyde, Jr. "Lunar rescue."
(August 1987) 116
RESISTOR MacLellan, Gary. "A colorful
resistance." (July 1987) 44 — Teach color codes
of resistors.
REVERSE1; REVERSE2; REVERSE3; REVERSE4
Weide. Dennis H. "A picture is worth 6144
bytes." (February 1988) 126 — Reversing a
PMODE 4 graphic.
REVFIELD Schlottmann, Robert S. "Preparing for
Uncle Sam." (January 1988) 112 — Keep tax
records in order. Correction, March. 1988, p.40.
RLEXPND.CDUMP Dibble, Peter. "Polishing off
the screen save/dump package." (January 1988)
176
RLSQSH.CDUMP Dibble, Peter. "Compression
filters in saving and restoring graphics screens."
(December 1987) 168
ROAD II Scerbo, Fred B. "On the road again."
(December 1987) 52 — Learn traffic safety rules.
ROADSKIL Scerbo, Fred B. "Getting geared up for
safer driving." (September 1987) 90 — Road
skills instructor.
ROCKYTOP Matthews, Becky F. "CoCo goes
country." ( June 1988) 36 — Music and graphics
of Nashville.
ROMRAM Pokorny, Douglas. "Adding the HPRINT
capability to PMODE 4." (May 1988) 155
RULEOF78 Eizenga, Jack W, "Rules of 78's."
(March 1988) 100 — Determine whether to pay off
loans ahead of schedule.
RVSLINE French, Paul. "Usetown annex."
(January 1988) 58 — Simulate a city planner.
SAFESAVE Speer, Mike. "Preventing program
wipeout." (December 1987) 76 — Disk save
utility.
SAMPLE Sapello. Donald. "Peeling graphics."
(February 1988) 154
SAVE&RUN Steinbrueck. Richard. "Painless
revisions." (February 1988) 155 — Help in saving
programs on disk.
SAVEIMAGE Dibble, Peter. "Compression filters
in saving and restoring graphics screens."
(December 1987) 168 Dibble, Peter. "Sometimes
BASIC09 isn't fast enough." (September 1987)
170
SAVEPIX Puckett, Dale L. "Putting data structures
on the drawing board." (December 1987) 180
SCOREBRD Ashby, Lou. "Keeping score with
CoCo." (August 1987) 36 — Keep track of hard
won scores. Cooney, Mike. "Get the home court
advantage." (September 1987) 42 — Basketball
scoreboard.
SCRNDUMP; SCRNDMPS Curtis, H. Allen.
"Screen dump extraordinaire." (October 1987)
30 — Correction, November 1987, p.116.
SCRNFONT Bernico, Bill. "Ye olde font." (May
1988) 36 —Graphics print font styles.
SCROLL Bernico, Bill. "Screen scrolling made
easy." (October 1987) 26
SENTENCE Scerbo, Fred B. "Grammar 101 Part
II." (June 1988) 154 Scerbo, Fred B. "Know what
I mean?" (January 1988) 90 — Recognizing
complete sentences and fragments. Scerbo.
Fred B. "Sentence savvy." (March 1988) 78
SETUP. BAS Schlottmann, Robert S. "Preparing
for Uncle Sam " (January 1988) 112 — Keep tax
records in order. Correction, March 1988, p.40,
SETUPMOUSE Puckett, Dale L. "Putting data
structures on the drawing board." (December
1987) 180
SHEET Hitko, Don. "Worksheet printer." (March
1988) 73
SHOOTEM DeMarco, Brian. "CoCo caliber." (April
7988; 74
SHOOTN Marsh, Albert P. "Rootin' tootin'
sharpshootin' CoCo." (August 1987) 105
SHOPPING Blyn, Steve. "Restaurant reckonings."
(February 1988) 76
SIGNATUR Bennett, Jim "Sign in please." (May
1988) 52 —Use the CoCo to copy your
signature.
SKIPMUF Puckett. Dale L. "Another great
beginning." (June 1988) 180
SMOOTHY Blochowiak. John. "A smooth
operator." (January 1988) 78 — Screen scrolling
in 40 column mode. Correction, April, 1988, p.14.
SNEAKY Kerckhoff, Peter. "Sneaky snake."
(August 1987) 26
SONGWRTR Shelton, Garry L. "Color composer."
(June 1988) 42 — Create and edit songs.
SPEEDSTR Jolley, David. "Start your engines."
(August 1987) 86 — Racing car game
SPELDOWN Blyn. Steve. "Spell down to
vocabulary fitness." (July 1987) 56 — Language
arts game.
SPELLKEY Scerbo, Fred B. "Revising the
reservoir." (April 1988) 146 — Fixes to recent
programs.
SPREAD2 Mooallem, Saul. "Spreading it on a little
thicker." (March 1988) 54 — Spreadsheet
program enhanced.
SSBANNER Lawrence, Ingrid ; and Bourdeaux,
Mark. "Hurray for the red, white and blue." (July
1987) 20 — Music and graphics for the 4th of
July.
STARS McDowell, Jim. "One starry night."
(November 1987) 96 — Graphics demo Pruyne,
Jim. "A star like a wheel." (March 1988) 75
STOCK May, Charles. "Taking stock." (March
1988) 60 —Inventory control.
STRATA Sirolly, Michael T. "Strata." (May 1988)
20 —Action game.
SUBSERCH Sward, Steven. "Sub search." (March
1988) 122
SUM128 Archer, David. "CoCo 3 number
cruncher." (March 1988) 146 — Spreadsheet
program.
SUPRPLAY Spiller, Jeremy. "Synthesizer sound-
off." (June 1988) 102 — Turn PLAY command
into a synthesizer.
SUPRTEST Scerbo. Fred B. "The ultimate testing
programs." (February 1988) 94 — Generate
quizzes.
SYSOP.EDT Jorgenson, Michael. "A BBS that's
SysOp friendly and hacker hostile." (November
1987) 152
TACHISTO Gordley, Richard D. "CoCo sets the
pace." (September 1987) 140 — Measure reading
speed and comprehension. Correction, October
1987, p.50.
TAX.BAS; TAXINFO.XX Schlottmann, Robert S.
"Preparing for Uncle Sam." (January 1988) 112
— Keep tax records in order. Correction, March
1988. p.40.
3DLETTER Wright, Archor. "Initially 3-D."
(October 1987) 53
TEST Puckett. Dale L. "The evolution continues."
(November 1987) 180
TESTSCRN Curtis, H. Allen. "Screen dump
extraordinaire." (October 1987) 30 — Correction,
November 1987, p. 11 6.
TEXTGEN.EDT Jorgenson, Michael. "A BBS that's
SysOp friendly and hacker hostile." (November
1987) 152
THEATRE Flaishaker, Paul. "Theater
management." (August 1987) 88 — A puzzle.
THECAVE Plaster. Gip Wayne. "Adventures in
music." (June 1988) 79
TICKET Schenck, Ed. "Ticket maker." (May 1988)
91
TIMER.BIN; TIMER.BAS Weide. Debbie ; and
Weide. Dennis H. "Galileo and the CoCo."
(December 1987) 160 — A science project to re-
do Galileo's experiment.
TIMETABL Musumeci, John. "Goodbye
llashcards." (September 1987) 72
TRIANGLE Blyn, Steve. "Getting a fix on
triangles." (September 1987) 138
TRIVIA Taulli, T. C. "Batter up!" (July 1987) 105 -
Trivia game based on baseball.
TRIVIAG; TRIVIAFC Lamonica, Mary ; and
Lamonica, James. "Doing the trivia rag."
(September 1987) 152 — Trivia game.
TUXEDO.BIN Crawford, Gay. "Disk jacket
designer for the well-dressed diskette."
(November 1987) 26
TYPER Dingle, Brent. "Improve your typing skills."
(January 1988) 82
TYPING Blyn, Steve. "Upgrading keyboard skills."
(November 1987) 76 — Typing tutor.
UNPRESS Dibble, Peter. "Polishing off the screen
save/dump package." (January 1988) 176
Dibble, Peter. "Using compressed files."
(October 1987) 164
URCHIN Tilenius, Eric W. "The urchins from the
Black Lagoon." (January 1988) 31
USETOWN French, Paul. "Usetown annex."
(January 1988) 58 — Simulate a city planner.
USSONGS Lawrence. Ingrid ; and Bourdeaux,
Mark. "Hurray for the red, white and blue." (July
1987) 20 — Music and graphics for the 4th of
July.
UTILITY1 Lueders, Raymond. "Easy as pie." (April
1988) 99 — Help for the amateur BASIC
programmer.
VACATION Rau, Fred. "Hit the road." ( July 1987)
95 —Vacation log
VALNTINE Catlett, Brian. "Wear your heart on
your screen." (February 1988) 100 — Electronic
Valentine's day card.
VARIABLE Ostler, David D. "BASIC for beginners
part 1." (September 1987) 26
VCRTAPES Mayfield, Randy. "That's
entertainment." (December 1987) 92 — VCR
index
VERBTEST Scerbo. Fred B. "Understanding verb
use." (October 1987) 158
VMODE Puckett, Dale L. "Controller attacks halt
line problem." (August 1987) 157
WAVEDIT Spiller. Jeremy. "Synthesizer sound-
off." (June 1988) 102 —Turn PLAY command
into a synthesizer.
WHICHTOOL Puckett, Dale L. "Putting data
structures on the drawing board." (December
1987) 180
WHICHTOOI Puckett. Dale L. "The evolution
continues." (November 1987) 180
WINDCHIL Dettmann, Harvey. "How cold is it."
(October 1987) 82 — Calculate wind chill factor.
WORDFIND Sapello, Donald. "Debugging with
wordfind." (February 1988) 155
WORD1 Johnson, Neil. "Scrambled screen of
letters." (August 1987) 90 — Memory game.
WPDRV.DR; WP.DD; WECHO.DD (• .SRC)
Puckett, Dale L. "New tools, new toys." (April
1988) 160
WREATH Bell, Mark. "This wreath hangs indoors."
(December 1987)72
XMASLIST Saunderson, George F "Making a
Christmas address list." (December 1987) 66 —
Correction, February. 1988, p.14, April, 1988,
p.14.
XMASPORI Golias. Ruth E. "A Christmas pot-
pourri." (December 1987) 100 — Christmas music
and graphics. Correction, April 1988, p 14.
XMASSONG Mosley, John. "Do you hear what I
hear?" (December 1987) 86 — Correction, June
1988, p.38.
XMASSTAR Shorn, Don ; and Duncan, M. G. "The
Christmas star." (December 1987) 70
XSTITCH Anderson, Larry. "A stitch in time."
(December 1987) 108
ZIGZAG Kolar, Joseph. "The Kolar progression."
(January 1988) 96 /J^
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 145
~W~ this and in future
m Jpjf "CoCo Consultations,"
-M. awl will be trying some-
thing new. In addition to the
familiar Q & A column, I will also
include tidbits of information
contributed by various folks and,
in some cases, comment on the
information. Thus, even if you
don V have a question, / invite you
to send in any little hints or de-
script ions of experiences you have
had with the CoCo that you think
might be of interest to the CoCo-
owning public in general.
CoCo Economy
Can a Color Computer 2 be upgraded
to a Color Computer 3 without actually
buying a Color Computer 3?
Rio Yates
Corpus Christi, TX
While in theory you can do the up-
grade you ask about, it would take a
skilled hardware technician about 24 to
48 hours of labor to do it (such techni-
cians make $30 to $60 an hour), and cost
you about $100 in parts. So the answer
to your question is no. The only way to
go from a Color Computer 2 to a Color
Computer 3 is to buy a Color Computer
3. There are just loo many differences
between the two for an upgrade of one
to the other to be practical.
Versatile Multipack
We just got a CoCo 3 and upgraded
our multipack interface as you sug-
gested. Will we have any trouble using
that multipack with our CoCo 2 on
occasion? We read your January 1987
article in RAIN now and do not have any
Martin H. Goodman. M.D., a physi-
cian trained in anesthesiology, is a
longtime electronics tinkerer and out-
spoken commentator — sort of the
Howard Cosell of the CoCo world. On
Delphi. Marty is the SIGop of rain-
bow's CoCo SIG and database man-
ager of OS-9 Online. His non-computer
passions include running, mountaineer-
ing and outdoor photography. Marty
lives in San Pablo. California.
146 THE RAINBOW July 1988
By Marty Goodman
Rainbow Contributing Editor
of the "problem" third-party hardware
cards you mentioned.
Mr. and Mrs. Greg Adams
Rock Falls. II.
If you are not using any of the "prob-
lem" hardware cards (PBJ Word Pak
model I or II, CoCo Max I or 2 Hi-Res
pack, etc.). then your multipack up-
graded for the CoCo 3 should continue
to work fine on your old CoCo 2.
On Track with ADOS-3
Could you explain how io use a 40-
track, double-sided drive as a 40-track,
double-sided drive under Disk BASIC?
Currently I am using it as a 35-lrack.
single-sided drive.
Linda Meaux
Lafayette, LA
The best way I know of to use Disk
basic with 40-track, double-sided
drives is to buy ADOS-3 from Spcctro-
Systems, then later burn it into a Disk
E'PROM. ADOS-3 also fixes some bugs
and adds a great many extra features to
Disk HASIC, while maintaining compat-
ibility with programs written for un-
modified Disk BASIC. To get the full
benefit of ADOS-3 you need to burn it
into an F.PROM after configuring it.
This is offered as a service at a modest
price above the cost of the program
itself.
Upgrading Multi-Pak
What is involved in upgrading both
the new and the old Multi-Pak to work
widi the CoCo 3? Do I really have to
upgrade a Multi-Pak even if it seems to
work right with my CoCo 3? Will the
upgraded Multi-Pak work with the
CoCo I and 2 after the upgrade?
C hrisiian Miclicuul
(SVPERCIIRIS)
Montreal, Quebec
In the January 1 987 issue of rainbow
I wrote an article on this subject; al-
though what I wrote then is correct as
far as I know. I now have even more
information. If you own an older
(bigger gray or white) Multi-Pak (Cat.
No. 26-3024) the upgrade procedure is
quite simple: Replace the old PAL chip
(the only socketed chip on the board, so
it is easy to find) with Part # AXX 7 1 23
from Tandy National Parts. That is all.
For the new, smaller white Multi-Pak
(Cat. No. 26-3 1 24), the upgrade proce-
dure is far more complex, as it involves
installing a satellite board in the Multi-
Pak. While the board is available, it is
not accompanied by instructions; the
installation is a bit tricky, so I recom-
mend having Tandy upgrade it. Alter-
natively, owners may refer to Delphi,
where we have in the "Hardware Hack-
ing" database a copy of the schematic
for that satellite board that will allow a
competent hacker to upgrade his own
26-3 1 24 Multi-Pak for under S2 in
parts.
In the light of newer information, I
strongly recommend that all existing
Multi-Paks be upgraded if they are
intended to be used on the CoCo 3. Note
that none of the Multi-Paks currently
being sold are CoCo 3-compatible at the
time of purchase. Due to an apparent
order miscalculation for Multi-Paks,
Tandy has at least a two-year supply of
the old CoCo 2 Multi-Pak and is reluc-
tant to tool up to make a CoCo 3
version. So CoCo 2 Multi-Paks con-
tinue to be sold, requiring purchasers of
CoCo 3s to have the upgrade done. It
is also essential to note that even if your
CoCo 3 appears to work just fine with
your Multi-Pak. the upgrade is re-
quired. The upgrade may prevent slow,
subtle damage to your CoCo 3; it is also
necessary for some current CoCo 3
accessories (such as the new Disto No-
Halt Controller).
A Mulli-Pak upgraded in this fashion
will still work fine on a CoCo 2, pro-
vided you do nol use a Word Pak model
I or 2, CoCo Max 2 Hi-Res Pak, or
other third-party hardware addressed
above SFF7E. The upgraded Multi-Pak
Will continue to work with CoCo 2 or
CoCo 3 and a disk controller, an RS-
232 pack. Orchestra 90, the Tandy
Speech/ Sound Pak, most Speech Sys-
tems packs, and the Word Pak RS.
Common Hardware Failures
What are the most commonly re-
ported causes of hardware failure in the
CoCo 3?
Dave Archer
(DA VEA RCHER)
Finley. ND
Surveying reports from the Delphi
CoCo SIG, from my own experience
repairing a few, and from several friends
of mine who work for Tandy computer
repair centers, it seems the most com-
mon cause of catastrophic Color Com-
puter 3 failure is a blown 68B09 chip.
Because this chip is soldered directly to
the board, it takes a skilled technician
to replace it.
Poorly seated G1ME chips account
for a lot of video problems and "flaky"
machines. The cure there is to carefully
remove the GIME chip, look for bent
pins in the socket, straighten any you
may find, wash both GIME chip pins
and socket with ethanol, then very
carefully and accurately reinsert the
GIME chip in its socket. Observe at all
times standard precautions for handling
CMOS chips.
I've also encountered quite a few
reports of "keyboard failure" caused by
a dead or damaged keyboard PI A chip.
In the CoCo 3 this is IC5, called
LSC8 1 00 1 . It is an open collector 2 Mhz
variant of the familiar 6821 PIA chip,
but it must be replaced by the exactly
correct part that can be obtained from
Tandy National Parts. This 40-pin chip
is also soldered directly to the board.
Much to my suprise, there are relatively
few reports of machine failures due to
a dead GIME chip. That is fortunate,
for Tandy still wants roughly S50 for the
part, which can be obtained nowhere
else.
An Optional Monitor
The new version of the Commodore
1084 monitor (designed to support all
Commodore computers, including the
C64, CI 28, and Amiga line) has a six-
pin DIN jack that accepts an RGB
analog signal with separate upgoing
horizontal and vertical sync pulses. I
used a cable exactly like your Mag-
navox 8CM5I5 cable to hook a CoCo
3 to it, and the results were excellent. /
purchased this monitor from a local
Service Merchandise store for $340.
The rated clot pitch on it is .42, exactly
the same as that for the Magnavox
8CM5I5 monitor.
Jim Smith
(JWSMITH)
Miramar, FL
Magnavox has been making moni-
tors for Commodore for a long time.
The old 1902 monitor for the C64 and
CI 28 was a modified 8CM562. It seems
like this new 1080 monitor is a slightly
customized 8CM515 model, for the
overall appearance and layout of both
the front and back of it (judging from
the pictures in the user manual that you
kindly sent me) are suspiciously similar
to that of the 8CM5I5. I am delighted
that you informed me of this added
option that CoCo 3 owners have for
acquiring an RGB analog/composite
color monitor. This monitor also has
"chromanance/luminance"-type in-
puts, a color video protocol used only
by the newer Commodore 64s and
Commodore 128s among home
computers. It is also being used in the
newly introduced ultra high resolution
VHS VCR systems. Frankly, few folks
really need it. Note, too, that rainbow
advertisers like Howard Medical sell the
Magnavox 8CM5I5 and CoCo 3 cable
for roughly the same price (including
shipping) as you paid for your Como-
dore 1084.
Reversing the Color Set
On the CoCo 3, how can I use those
old CoCo 2 programs that ask you to
press the reset button if the color set (red
and blue) is reversed?
Richard S. Schultz
Carmichael, CA
As you no doubt discovered, pressing
reset on a CoCo 3 will not cause the
color set to reverse. There is an easy
solution, however. If, after a normal
power-up and booting of the program,
you end up with the wrong color set,
merely turn the machine off (or press
the reset button while holding down
CTRL and ALT). Then, power
machine again (or press the reset 1
a second time, this time holding .»u
the Fl key. This will result in an odd
black-on-blue normal BASIC screen, but
don't worry about that. Merely load
and execute the program, and you will
find it now has the color set you want.
An EPROM for the Tandy FD-502
What sort of EPROM is needed if
one wants to burn a modified DOS
ROM for the controller thai comes with
a Tandy FD-502 model drive?
Leslie Earl
(LESTERE)
Houston, TX
This latest model of CoCo disk drive
system from Tandy, the double-sided
FD-502, is accompanied by a new
controller that now uses a 28-pin ROM
instead of the old 24-pin ROM. This
ROM should be pretty much pin-for-
pin compatible with 2764-type EP-
ROMs. I recommend using 250 ns or
faster versions of the 2764, although
slower ones will also work fine in most
cases. If for some reason you have a
problem substituting a 2764 EPROM
for Tandy's 28-pin ROM, try running
jumper wires from Pin 28 of the
EPROM to both pins I and 27 of the
EPROM (with all pins still inserted in
the socket). Sometimes when an
"EPROM-compatible" ROM is used,
some lines specific to the EPROM (like
Vpp) that need to be pulled to +5 volts
when the EPROM is in use, are left
unconnected for the ROM chip. It is a
good thing Tandy is switching to 28-pin
ROMs at long last, for 1 hear that
Motorola will be discontinuing produc-
tion of the 24-pin 68766 before the end
of 1988.
Your technical questions are wel-
comed. Please address them (o CoCo
Consultations, THE rainbow, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059.
We reserve the right to publish only
questions of general interest and to edit
for brevity and clarity. Due to the large
volume of mail we receive, we arc unable
to answer letters individually.
Questions can also be sent to Marty
through the Delphi CoCo SIG. From the
CoCo SIG> prompt, pick Rainbow
Magazine Services, then, at the RAIN-
BOW> prompt, type ASK (for Ask the
Experts) to arrive at the EXPERTS>
prompt, where you can select the "CoCo
Consultations" online form which has
complete instructions.
July 1988
THE RAINBOW
147
Scr e w
Five years ago I introduced to the
CoCo Community a piece of
hardware called the Disto con-
troller. It is compatible with Radio
Shack's controller, as well as others.
One of its interesting features is an
internal mini expansion bus (MEB).
This bus allows internal expansion of a
peripheral card. Two of the adapters
available for this controller are more
popular than ever these days. The first
is the clock/ parallel adapter. This
allows the user under OS-9 to have the
real time at hand without having to type
it in every time and to be able to connect
a parallel printer to the CoCo without
having to use an adapter. The second is
a hard disk/ serial adapter, which allows
the user to connect a hard disk to the
CoCo. It also has an RS-232 interface
that is somewhat compatible with the
Radio Shack Deluxe RS-232 Pak.
Until now, only one of these adapters
would fit into the controller at one time.
If you wanted a second, you needed an
MEB carrier or a RAM disk along with
a Multi-Pak Interface. Very expensive!
If you had a CoCo 3, you also had to
have the Multi-Pak modified. More
bucks. As for myself, I have two sys-
tems, a CoCo I with an unmodified
Multi-Pak and monochrome monitor,
and a CoCo 3 with no Multi-Pak and
a Sony RGB monitor. I don't intend to
buy another Multi-Pak for my CoCo 3
system, so where does that leave me?
There were a couple of reasons for
writing this article. The first is that if I
do something for myself and find that
it helps me do something else better,
faster or more easily, 1 think that other
people must have the same needs; most
of the time I am right. This is why I
began writing articles in the first place.
The second reason is that Radio Shack
has discontinued the RS-232 Pak and
may discontinue the Multi-Pak in the
future. What will we do?
If you take a look at the two adapters
described above, they represent a lot of
I/O: serial, parallel, hard disk and
clock. To be able to have all those things
without the Multi-Pak would be great.
Getting the Super Controller or the
Super Controller II is a good start, but
you can still only put one of the two
adapters inside the controller. This is
Tony DiStefano is a well-known early
specialist in computer hardware proj-
ects. He lives in Laval Ouest, Quebec.
Tony's username on Delphi is disto.
A project to fit two
adapters into your
controller —
at the same time
Two for One
By Tony DiStefano
Rainbow Contributing Editor
where 1 come in. 1 decided that I wanted
both of these adapters in my second
system's controller. So I took out my
soldering iron, and this is what I came
up with.
Before you get started, let me give you
the drawbacks to this project. First of
all, when all is said and done, you can
no longer close the cover of the con-
troller. An even bigger problem is
power: When both of these boards are
plugged in. the current draw is a little
over the recommended limit of 300mA.
A separate regulated supply must be
built to handle the extra demand on
power. Apart from these hurdles, a little
soldering experence is needed.
Let's review some theory before tak-
ing out the ol' soldering iron, however.
The MEB is a 1 7-pin connector that has
data, address and control lines. The
following is a description of these pins:
Pin#
Description
1
Reset
2
E Clock
3
A0
4
Al
5
DO
6
DI
7
D2
8
D3
9
D4
10
D5
II
D6
12
D7
13
CE (Chip Enable)
14
GND
15
R/W
16
+5V
17
A2
Study the pins carefully; it is a stand-
ard memory-mapped area. If we added
another area to this, the only thing to
change would be the CE. All other lines
data, address and control — would
be the same. A piggyback technique
here will do fine, except for the CE pin.
which will go to another memory-
mapped area. This is not too hard since
the controller is already decoded; all
you have to do is fish out the CE. Later,
I'll tell you how to patch the OS-9
software, as well.
Not much to the theory, is there? In
fact, this project is more mechanical
than anything else. Now. it is time to get
started. Please don't do any of these
modifications with the power on. All
the modifications are done on the hard
disk/serial adapter. There are two cuts
to do on this board, or only one if you
have a modified power supply and it can
stand the extra drain.
The first cut is to disable the CE from
the board. Look at the component side
of the board. Locate Pin 13 on the MEB
connector. Follow the trace to the first
hole and cut the trace just before that
hole. For the +5V, locate Pin 16 on the
same connector. Follow its wide trace to
the first hole about one inch away, and
cut the trace just before you reach that
hole.
On the solder side, solder a set of 17
short male single inline header pins to
the botton of the MEB connector. The
clock/ parallel adapter board will sit on
these pins. Now, solder one side of a 4-
inch wire to the hole just after the first
cut. For all versions of the Super Con-
troller I, solder the other end of this wire
to Pin 7 of the 74LS 139 chip just below
the 74LS04. For the Super Controller
II, solder the wire to Pin 3 of J3 on the
controller; you also have the choice of
putting on ajumper instead of soldering
it. One limitation is that you must use
the alternate, eight-byte area for this
modification; the other area is only four
bytes long, so it cannot be used.
For the power, solder the plus side of
a +5V regulated power supply to the
hole above the second cut you made on
the adapter. Locate Pin 14 on the MEB
connector, follow it to the first hole, and
connect the ground return of the power
supply to it. Insert the clock/ parallel
board piggyback on Pin 1 7 that you just
installed. Plug the hard disk/serial
board into the MEB connector. Con-
nect the controller into the computer.
That is all there is to the hardware part
of this project.
148
THE RAINBOW July 1988
1 2 DC Adopter
7805 Regulator-
m *-i
Jc
VI G «v,
N
D
1
r* C2
. 1 uf 25v
470 uf 25v
+ 5 Vol to
Ground
Figure 1: 5-voll Power Supply
Now for the software patches for the
OS-9 drivers. One of the great things
about OS-9 is the ability to adapt
software to hardware. In most cases, the
way designers connect devices to a
computer is very similar. Where these
devices are connected, as far as the
memory map goes, can be very differ-
ent. The writers of OS-9 had this in
mind when they wrote it. Along with I he
necessary software drivers, the fathers
of OS-9 created small blocks of memory
called descriptors. These descriptors
have information on the physical as-
pects of the hardware they control -
things like how many tracks on a disk
or what baud rate the device works at.
One of the pieces of information
included in these device descriptors is
the memory location of the hardware.
This tells the software driver exactly
where in memory the hardware can be
found. Now, what I did above is change
the hardware location of the hard disk
registers and the serial (RS-232) regis-
ters. The only way the software driver
knows this information is through the
device descriptor. All we have to do now
is change the values in the proper device
descriptors to the new memory loca-
tions, and we are home free.
Since the clock and parallel hardware
is not changed, no changes to the de-
scriptors are needed. However, we do
need to change the hard disk and serial
descriptors. Let's start with the hard
disk adapter. A little knowledge of OS-
9 is needed to make these changes. On
the disk that came with this adapter are
drivers and descriptors. The 'h® de-
scriptor used for the hard disk adapter
needs to be changed. To change it, we
will use the OS-9 command Debug. As
part of the descriptor, there is a three-
byte address that represents the area in
the memory map where the hardware
resides. This data is set for the hardware
memory; but since we changed the
hardware, we must now change the
software. The third byte in this address
is S53. You now have to change this
value to $5A. To do this, execute Debug
and link to the 'h0 module. Press
ENTER until you pass the series of two
bytes, $07 and $FF; when you see the
next value, $53, type =5fl to change it
to (he right value. Press Q to exit.
The other device descriptor to change
is the serial one. Follow the same proce-
durc as above, except use the /T2
descriptor. The byte to change may be
one of two values. If it is the original,
unmodified Tandy descriptor, the value
to look for is $68. If you have already
changed this value, you will know that
it is $54. In either case, change it to $5C.
If you want to make this change per-
manent, the OS-9 manual will describe
just how to do this.
There will be a lot of cables protrud-
ing from this contraption: the disk drive
cable, the hard disk cable, the printer
cable, the RS-232 cable and the power
cable. 1 bent and shaped all the cables
so that they were parallel to the drive
cable, and then 1 bundled them together
with a tie-wrap. As I mentioned before,
the cover will no longer fit; so I made
another cover from a small piece of tin,
bending, cutting and shaping it to fit. 1
did not bother to paint it, but you
might.
The only thing left is the power
supply. Radio Shack has all the parts
necessary to build a regulated power
supply. You will need all the parts listed
in Figure 1. Most of the parts are not
too critical and can be substituted for
the nearest part. The transformer you
must use is a DC adapter. A 12-volt
adapter at about 150mA will do just
fine.
I have recently joined Delphi. You
can find me there as DISTO. Drop me a
line if you have any problems or if you
just want to say "hi." I'm not on at any
regular time, but look for me in the OS-
9 and CoCo SIGs. /R\
Cl-i
^c=c=€=n_jin-fc Information SV'
'm
Not just another check
information system,
account transactions,
automatic transaction
your account(s) in min
and print options, che
Reviewed in Rainbow
February 1988 pg. 133
CoCo 3 compatible
Printer optional
Summer special !
book program but a user friendly, menu driven, disk based
Keep track of deposits, checks, ATM withdrawals and other
Define up to 36 categories to monitor expenses. Set up
s for such items as direct deposits and deductions. Balance
utes ! Other features include multi-drive capability, display
ck search on any field, edit and delete capability and more.
RAINBOW
CEOTtftCAtlON
SEAL
After Five Software
P.O. Box 210975
Columbia, SC 29221-0975
(803) 7B8-5995
(SC
Send check or M.O. for
$34.95 plus $3.00 S/H.
COD orders: add $2.00.
res. add 57. sales tax)
Order before September 1, 1988 for only $29.95.
July 198B
THE RAINBOW
149
Some time has been spent in this
column discussing how to down-
load programs from the Co Co
S1G databases. Enough information
has been given that your first attempts
at downloading shouldn't be too pain-
ful. At the same time, each user devel-
ops many shortcuts in downloading
files. These shortcuts will be different
for most people and I leave it to you to
find the methods that work best foryou.
It doesn't take long to learn the ropes,
and pretty soon you will find download-
ing becomes second nature.
Tape-Based Users
I feel it safe to say most Color Com-
puter owners have at least one disk drive
connected to their CoCos. However,
many of the newer members to the
CoCo Community don't. The reason is
irrelevant — if their interest in the CoCo
continues to grow, chances are they will
add a drive as soon as they can. The
point is, downloaded files often must be
handled a little differently on tape-
based systems than on disk-based
CoCos. This is especially true of ma-
chine language files.
Because of the difference in the way
disk and tape systems handle the ad-
dressing information for ML files,
different approaches must be taken
when saving a downloaded file. Rather
than spend more time on this issue here,
we will be publishing an article next
month discussing tape users and Del-
phi. Written by database manager Don
Hutchison (DON HUTCHISON), this arti-
cle details the steps that must be taken
by tape-based users before certain types
of downloaded files can be run.
Program Bugs
Whenever a file is uploaded to the
CoCo SIG and submitted for publica-
tion in the database areas, that file is
first sent to a private area used by the
SIG staff. This file is officially in the
database area and can be manipulated
by the staff, but it cannot be seen by the
general SIG public. This allows the staff
to download the program and make
Cray Augsburg is rainbow's technical
editor and has an associate s degree in
electrical engineering. He and his wife,
Ruth Ann, have two children and live
in Louisville, Kentucky. His username
on Delphi is CRA Y.
Database downloading.
Part 3
Downloading
Problems
By Cray Augsburg
Rainbow Technical Editor
sure it works — to determine if the file
is ready to be published. This down-
load/error checking process is usually
handled by Don Hutchison.
Every effort is made to ensure that the
programs in the public areas of the
database work. If a problem is found,
the uploadcr is asked to see that the file
is fixed before it is published. However,
some problem programs do get
through. The number of submissions
each month preclude full Beta-testing of
uploaded programs.
If you download a program and run
it only to find an error, I imagine you
will feel cheated. The few complaints we
receive about program errors are often
very vicious. They denounce the pro-
grammer's abilities. They are also abu-
sive to the SIG staff by implying wc put
bug-ridden programs in the databases
intentionally. Keep in mind that we
don't intentionally publish files that
contain errors. Aside from the obvious
ethical considerations, it takes a lot of
work and time to clear up those errors.
And I doubt if many people would
upload error-ridden programs knowing
their name will appear along with the
program.
One of the best ways to address such
a situation is to contact the author and/
or Don Hutchison via Mail. Explain the
problem as clearly as possible. Let us
know what errors you are receiving and
in what program lines they occur. In-
clude information about your Color
Computer setup. Describe the steps you
are following in trying to run the pro-
gram. With this information, it becomes
possible to get a clear image of the
problem and work toward a solution.
After a solution has been found, the
program will be changed accordingly so
other users don't encounter the same
problems.
On a related note, problem programs
are removed from public view. This is
Database Report
By Don Hutchison
Rainbow CoCo SIG Database Manager
SIGop Greg Law (GREGL) has opened a
new topic in the database section of
OS- 1 ) Online. The topic is called "Revised
OS-9 Users Group Material" since it will
be stocked with the newer OS-9 Users
Group files. (The existing Users Group
files will remain online, also.)
Both kainbow SIGs had very active
months, in the forum areas as well as in the
databases. We had a lot of interesting,
useful software uploaded to us. Let's check
out the new material!
OS-9 Online
In the General topic of the database,
Brian Wright (POLTERGEIST) posted the
first issue of the humorous Nutworks
Magazine. Brian also uploaded another
entertaining file containing the first three
issues of Humus Magazine. Jason Forbes
(COC03K10) uploaded CDCOOSS.BflS, a
modified version of the RS-OS9 program
that makes RS-DOS disks readable from
OS-9, (This version will relocate files if
GRAN is already used, and il will allow
for larger files.) Kevin Darling (K darling)
posted a text file describing a recom-
mended hardware fix for the Tandy FD-
502 second drive, which requires a small bit
of soldering to correct an incorrectly
positioned jumper.
In the Utilities topic of the database,
Warren Moore (wjmoore) uploaded
Moore Windows, an archived file contain-
ing a collection of shell scripts to change
the attributes of a current window device.
150
THE RAINBOW July 1988
done for the protection of other users.
In most cases, however, the program
won't be moved from view until it is
certain a problem exists within the
program. We find many times that users
don't have the right equipment to run
a given program. Or, the steps they are
using to run it are incorrect. And in the
case of an ASCII download, line noise
often becomes a problem.
Many limes, beginning downloaders
will download a BASIC program and
save it to disk, only to find the program
won't load when they try to run it. More
often than not, this is the result of saving
a tokenized basic program in ASCII
format or vice versa. In many cases,
simply loading the file back into your
terminal program's buffer and resaving
it in the correct format will rectify the
situation. Sometimes, and also with
machine language programs, you will
have to download the file again and save
it correctly before you will be able to use
it.
Don Hutchison does an excellent job
of tracking down user/ program prob-
lems and finding agreeable solutions,
and I feel he is well deserving of a pat
on the back. I'm sure those of you who
have dealt with him will agree.
Downloading Time
It can take quite a bit of online time
to download a few simple programs at
300 baud. It is for this reason most of
the SIG staff go online at either 1200 or
2400 baud. If it is within your means.
I suggest using a 1200 baud modem. The
drastic decrease in download time will
allow you to more fully avail yourself
of other areas of the CoCo SIG for the
same amount of connect time.
Uploading
We are still offering free time for
uploading to those who want to share
their creations with other users, and we
hope you will take advantage of this
offer. Many find it very rewarding to
help other people with similar needs and
problems. Besides, uploading is a great
way to gain new insight on file transfers.
1 have covered the topic of uploading
files to the CoCo SIG in past issues and
will do so again in the future. It is this
involvement, along with the feeling of
being connected to other members of
the CoCo SIG, which makes the SIG
what it is. Think of it this way: If
nobody uploaded any programs, would
you really be as interested in going
online? There would be nothing there
for you to download.
Before we move into discussion next
month of Workspace and its uses, I ask
that you do a little "homework." Go
ahead and look into Workspace. If you
haven't done so already, try to upload
and submit some files. Once you get into
it, you might realize it isn't really all that
hard to do. Just think of it as reverse-
downloading. And if concern about the
quality of your submission is holding
you back, remember the old phrase,
"nothing ventured, nothing gained!" □
Users can change the type of screen,
change the default colors, toggle bold-
lacing on graphics windows and switch
standard font size on graphics windows.
.Mark Kowil (MARKKOWIT) uploaded a
decimal Display command and a
Palette command utility that makes it
easier to change palette values. Jason
Forbes also posted DIGICLQCK, which
displays a continuous digital clock and
date in its own window. Source code is
provided for easy modification.
In the Patches topic of the database,
Jason Forbes updated his GamePatches
file for fixing Koronis Rift and Rescue on
Fractalus. Roger Smith (smudgek) pro-
vided us with SPP.TCHW, a patch for TS-
Spell to allow for a single personal diction-
ary in the 'DD data directory.
In the Tclcom topic of the database.
Chris Bergerson(cHRiSB) provided us with
ACCESS. AR. a "user-friendly" interface for
the Xcom9 terminal program. It stores
frequently used numbers with the ability to
alter the numbers. The archived file con-
tains has low source, the packed program.
a sample number file, and documentation.
Ron Bihler (RAAB) posted a corrected
version of REflDMSG and furnished Version
1.01 or RiBBS. an OS-9 Bulletin Board
System. RiBBS requires an RS-232 Pak.
an auto-answer modem, and at least two
drives. Greg Law furnished an autobaud
version of TSGo'TSMon. This version
contains modules to support both the
Standard Hayes command set as well as the
extended set.
In the Graphics & Music topic of the
database, Mark O'Pella (MDODELPHI)
uploaded his rendition of Elton John's
"Your Song" in UMuse format. Steve
Fravel (OS9FANAT1C) posted an archived
file containing two VEF pictures for
Grateful Dead fans. The first picture is
from the cover of the Steal Your Face
album, while the second is from the back
of the Shakedown Street album. Bob
Montowski (GRAPH1CSPUB) kindly pro-
vided 34 archived "Clip Art" groups for the
CoCo 3's Home Publisher software. Each
group, by the way, contains about 20
pictures! Thanks, Bob!
fUlBfii
I-Z48-
3823
TANDY COMPUTERS
Tandy 1000-HX256K 1 Drive
Tandy 1000-TX 640K 1 Drive
Tandy 3000-HL512K 1 Drive
Tandy 3000 640K 1 Drive
Tandy 4000 1 Meg 1 Drive
Tandy5000MC2Meg 1 Drive
Tandy 5000MC 2 Meg 40 Meg
Tandy 5000MC 2 Meg 84 Meg
Tandy 1400LT 768K 2 Drives
Tandy 102 24K
Tandy Color 3 128K
MONITORS & BOARDS
VM-4 Monochrome Green
VM-5 Monochrome Green
CM-5 Color RGB
CM-11 Color RGB
EGM-1 Color RGB (EGA)
VGM-100 Monochrome Analog
VGM-200 Color Analog
VGM-300 Color Analog
Tandy Dual Display Card
Tandy EGA Card
Paradise Basic EGA Card
Zucker Mono Graphics Card
DRIVES
Color Computer Drive
5 1/4" External Drive 1000EX
3 1/2" External Drive 1000EX
Tandy 20 Meg Hardcard
Tandy 40 Meg Hardcard
Zucker 30 Meg Hardcard
Seagate 20 Meg Hard Drive
Tandy 1000/SX7TX Controller
ZUCKER BOARDS
535.00
860.00
1090.00
1475.00
1890.00
4250.00
5525.00
5950.00
1195.00
375.00
155.00
95.00
115.00
220.00
335.00
510.00
169.00
425.00
535.00
145.00
185.00
135.00
72.00
225.00
180.00
200.00
509.00
679.00
435.00
265.00
80.00
Zucker Serial Board 45.00
Zucker OK Memory Board 1000 47.00
Zucker MFB OK for 1000 106.00
Zucker 1200 Baud Modem Card 72.00
PRINTERS
DMP-106 Dot-Matrix 165.00
DMP-130 Dot-Matrix 255.00
DWP-230 Daisy Wheel 349.00
Epson LX-800 Dot-Matrix 205.00
Epson FX-86E Dot-Matrix 375.00
Epson FX-286E Dot-Matrix 475.00
Epson LQ-500 Dot-Matrix 375.00
Epson LO-850 Dot-Matrix 579.00
Please write for complete price list.
We carry more items than listed here.
All pitora and otto's may Be changed O' withdrawn without not*o Advot
Used prices are cash prices COD accepted add ?°0 (minimum charge
S10 0O) MC . Vrw add 2°\i All non doloctrvo terns require return
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handling. 15 00 minimum charge
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Dnuan ■
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CALL 1-517-625-4161 or TOLL-FREE
1-800-248-3823
30
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 151
The Rainbow Bookshelf
/^Sd
e
Fill out your CoCo library
with these selections
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9
Authors Dale Puckett and Peter Dibble show how to take
advantage of OS-9's multitasking and multiuser features. An easy-
to-read, step-by-step guide packed with hints, tips, tutorials and free
software in the form of program listings.
Book $19.95, Disk Package $31 (2 disks, book not included)
The Rainbow Book of Simulations
20 award-winning entries from THE RAINBOW'S first Simulations
contest. You are a Civil War Commander, an air traffic controller,
a civil defense coordinator, or a scientist on Mars . . . your wits are
on the line.
Book $9.95, Tape $9.95
The Windows and Applications Disk for The
Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9 Level II, Vol. I
Puckett and Dibble have done it again! Here are all the great
programs from the first volume of the Level II guide. Clever new
applications ready to run. Disk $19.95
The Rainbow Introductory Guide to Statistics
Dr. Michael Plog and Dr. Norman Stenzel give a solid introduction
to the realm of statistical processes and thinking for both the
beginner and the professional. (80-column printer required.)
Book $6.95, Tape or Disk $5.95, Package $11.95
The First Rainbow Book of Adventures
Contains 14 winning programs from our first Adventure contest.
Includes Sir Randolph ot the Moors, Horror House, One Room, Dr.
Avaloe and more. Plus hints, tips on solving Adventures.
Book $3.50, Tape $3.50
The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures
Featuring 24 of the most challenging Adventure games ever
compiled. Meet the Beatles and battle the Blue Meanies, find a
hidden fortune, or win the heart of a mysterious princess. Ring
Quest, Secret Agent Man, Dark Castle, Curse of Karos and more!
Book $13.95, Tape $13.95
The Third Rainbow Book of Adventures
The excitement continues with 19 new Adventures. Discover
backstage intrigue at the London Theatre, attempt a daring space
rescue, or defeat evil in the year 2091 as a genetic android. Evil
Crypt, Spymaster, Time Machine, The Amulet, and that's only the
beginning! Book $11.95, Tape $9.95, Two-Disk Set $14.95
The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
The 16 winners from oursecond Simulations contest. Fly through
dense African jungle, bull your way down Wall Street, lead a bomb
squad, or try your hand at Olympic events. Test your skills and
talents. Book $9.95, Tape $9.95, Disk $10.95
I 1
/ want to start my own Rainbow Bookshelf!
Name
Address
Cit
ZIP
nty
State
□ Payment Enclosed, or □ Charge to:
□ VISA □ MasterCard D American Express
Account Number
Card Expiration Date
Signature
Please send me:
□ The Rainbow Book ol Simulations
D Rainbow Simulations Tape
□ The Second Rainbow Book of Simulations
D Second Rainbow Simulations Tape
D Second Rainbow Simulations Disk
D The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9 (book only)
□ Rainbow Guide to OS-9 Disk Package (2 disks)
D The Windows & Applications Disk lor
The Complete Rainbow Guide to OS-9 Level II, Vol. I
G The Rainbow Book ol Adventures (lirsi)
D Rainbow Adventures Tape (first)
D The Second Rainbow Book of Adventures
D Second Rainbow Adventures Tape
D The Third Rainbow Book ol Adventures
D Third Adventures Tape
D Third Adventures Disk Set (2 disks)
C Introductory Guide to Statistics
D Guide lo Statistics Tape or Disk (indicate choice)
D Guide to Statistics Package (indicate choice ol tape or disk)
Add S2 per book Shipping and Handling in U.S.
Outside U.S., add $4 per book
Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax
(Allow 6 to 8 weeks (or delivery) Total
S 9.95 .
$ 9.95 .
$9.95.
S 9.95 .
$10.95 .
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$ 9.95 .
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$ 5.95 .
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Mail to: Rainbow Bookshelf, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385,
Prospect, KY 40059
To order by phone (credit card orders only) call (800) 847-
0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST. For other inquiries call (502)
228-4492.
Please note: The tapes and disks offered by The Rainbow Bookshell are not stand-alone products.
That is, Ihey are intended lo be an adjunct and complement to the books. Even il you buy the tape
or disk, you will still need the appropriate book. OS-9 9 is a registered trademark of the Microwarc
Systems Corporation.
In I he Programmers' Den topic of the
database, Greg Law posted a sample
application for Mulli-Vue. Greg's group-
ing consists of four source files written in
RMA assembler that are the beginning of
an application designed to run under
Mulii- Vue.
CoCo SIG
In the General topic of the database,
Marty Goodman (MARTYGOODMAN)
posted three humorous text files provided
by Rick Adams (rickadams). Tilled
Mongrels Unite!, these files describe the
madcap experiences of one computer
scientist in the course of filling out forms
for a security clearance in which he is asked
for his "race." Heath Dingwell (HEATHS-
TER) uploaded a comic text file containing
"bloopers" written by school kids during
their history classes. Heath also uploaded
a tabulation of some popular "800"
numbers,
In the CoCo 3 Graphics topic of the
database, Christopher Smith (POSSUM-
DARK) sent us a Macintosh picture of Mao
Tse Tung. Marlin Simmons (LINLEEj up-
loaded FONTEDIT.ARC, followed closely
by a revised version. James Farmer (mo-
demmaster) uploaded two original RAT
pictures, Cosmic War and Spacewarp, and
an original CoCo Max 3 picture called
Slarship. Bob Wharton (liOBWHARTON)
uploaded his drawings of the Boston
Celtics' logo, on request of a user.
In the Utilities and Applications topic of
the database. Jim Shoop (bazar) up-
loaded his binary-tO-BASIC converter pro-
gram. Michael Schneider (MSCHNEl-
der) uploaded a compression utility called
DSHRINK for compressing WEFAX pic-
tures into a single, smaller file. DSHRINK
will also expand the file into the corre-
sponding pictures on a WEFAX disk. Ken
Halter (KENM alter) uploaded some
patches for CoCo 3 hash and a PenPal
patch for the CoCo 3. Heath Dingwell
uploaded his program for printing disk
directories, and Robert Pierce (RPIERCE)
posted a CoCo 3 memory-scanning pro-
gram.
In the Games topic of the database. Paul
Dion (PAULNORMAND) uploaded Tapper-
wars, his latest game creation. Heath
Dingwell posted a friend's Alien Invasion
game. Gregory Clark (GNOME) provided
an entertaining game program called
Wimpy. Greg asks, "How good are you at
running and trying to hide? Are you cool
when vou can't fight back?" Wimpy is for
the I28K CoCo 3.
In the Classic Graphics topic of the
database, Jason Forbes posted
CHRIST. ARC, a series of CoCo Max 2
graphics containing Biblical quotes origi-
nally drawn by Tim Ashley. David Mills
(davidmii.es) uploaded a moving graphic
of the world as it turns. This program is
an interesting use of the graphics abilities
of the CoCo.
In the Music and Sound topic of the
database, Mike Stute (GRIDBUG) kindly
provided us with five new tunes, sure to be
popular among music lovers. Heath Ding-
well uploaded "Shilo" by Neil Diamond.
John Barrett (JUARREIT) posted four
outstanding pieces for Musica II, and
Orman Beckles (ORMAN) uploaded two
printer drivers for use with the Lyra
package. Mark Raphael (mahkraphael)
uploaded a collection of music files for
Musica II, as well as some stand-alone
files. Mark included classical, pop and
modern pop music files for a well-rounded
offering. George Hoffman (HOFFBEROER)
posted Pink Floyd's "Summer '68."
In the Data Communications topic of
the database. Michael Schneider uploaded
a compressed file containing two WF.FAX
pictures. Michael also furnished a com-
pression and decompression utility in the
Utilities topic of the database in the hope
that others will begin to upload WEFAX
pictures. Fred McDonald (FREDMCD)
posted a patch file for Version 4.0 of
Uliimaierm. ADOS-3 users should have
this file, since the patch makes Uliimaierm
compatible with ADOS-3.
As you can sec, the rainbow SIGs are
always very active! No matter what you're
interested in, you'll probably find ii
here. /S\
RAINBOW
CERTIFICATION
SEAL
FILE TRANSFER UTILITIES
Need lo transfer tiles 10 and from MS-DOS and FLEX disks inlo your CoCo?
Much Pubic Domain software source Is oul there - CUG, Doclor Dobbs. Austin
Software Works and olhers - on MS-DOS loimal disks.
Have Hies on a MS-DOS system at work and want lo work on Ihem at home on
your CoCo?
What do you do with a MS-DOS disk? With GCS File Transfer Ulllities you Just
place the MS-DOS disk into you CoCo disk drive - enter a simple command and
the lile is copied inlo a CoCo file. Do the same with FLEX disks. File transfer back
to MS-DOS and FLEX disks is just as simple.
MS-DOS Transler Programs
PCDIR Directory of PC disk
PCDUMP display PC disk sector
PCREAD read PC file
PCWFaTE write file to PC disk
PCRENAME rename PC file
PCDELETE delete PC file
FLEX
Transfer Programs
FLEXDIR directory of FLEX disk
FLEXDUMP display FLEX disk sector
FLEXREAD read FLEX file
FLEXWRITE wrile lile to FLEX disk
PCFORMAT formal PC disk
Extensive Single, double sided disks. 40 or 80 track floppy drives.
Options 8 or 9 sectors. Firsl level sub-directorios. Dala (MS-DOS)
Data or binary files. (FLEX). Others
Requires: OS-9. 2 drives (one can be hard). SDISK (see D.P. Johnson ad)
GSC File Transfer Utilities for CoCo - $44.95
Ask about Mult!- Vue versionl
All dlskellos are CoCo OS-9 format. Orders musl be prepaid or COD, VISA/MC
accepted, add $1.50 S&H, additional charge lor COD,
GRANITE COMPUTER SYSTEMS
Route 2 Box 445 Hlllsboro. N.H. 03244
(603)464-3850
OS-9 Is a »adema* ol Microware SystemsCcrporatlori and Motorola Inc.
MS-DOS Is atr adorn ark or Miao&olt Corp. FLEX isa tad am ark olTSC. Inc.
CocoTeclr
VU/L TSMffi!K\
You uii use UltiHai as a norma) III-REZ
joyatic* interface or switch it to be
used witn a popular Man III graphics
program. The other, feature o£ UltiHai
is the option to nave a large or snail
stick area no you can bo more accura-.c
with your drawings!
til t j m.i* interfoco
only 529.95
Or trad* if. your original HiRoa inter-
toco ( sent pcstfiQ* prepaid , and ge:
Ult.Ma* I«l vr.iy 514.95
With MACPLAY and a CoCo 3 you can play MAC sound
files (Included on the second diskette) with puce
6 BIT sound quality that the CoCo can produce! Or
download other MAC sound files from a computer
information service or MAC bulletin board systems
to hear even more. Sound files can last for a few
seconds or up to 1/2 minute. MAC sound files
included on the second diskette contain excerpts
from the 3 Stooges to the Road Runnner and morell
MACPLAY is only S 19.95
Please make check or money order payable lo: Thomas E. Keller
Send to:
CocoTech
PA residents 208 Cathy Ann Drive
add 6% sales Reading, PA 19606
tax (215J-779-776B
Please allow
1 to 3 weeks
for delivery
Shipping and handling:
USA and Canada add $2.50
Other countries add S5.00
Sorry no
credit cards
YET!
«« We now handle C.O.D. 's •*
July IS
THE RAINBOW
153
Drive Support
/ recently received a 20- Meg hard
drive with a WD 1001-05 controller
card. The drive was taken out of a
Southwest Technical, and I figured that
since the SW ran on a 68B09 micro-
processor (same as the Co Co 3) it would
work on the CoCo. If lam correct, what
do I need to do to interface them? If not,
what Western Digital Controller does
the CoCo use? I also have a Shugart 3.5-
inch drive. Is there any way I can use
this under RS- DOS? Would it work
using OS-9 Level II? I use Stylograph
as my word processor on the SW. I was
told that I could get this for my CoCo.
Where can I find it? My system consists
of I28K CoCo 3. FD-500 disk, DMP-
105 printer, TP-IO printer, mono-
chrome monitor and a modem. I also
have a hunch of gray and white CoCo
Is and 2s.
John St or lie
Union Gap, WA
D The four major suppliers of hard
^Ldisk systems for the CoCo 3 are
Burke & Burke, Frank Hogg Labora-
tory, Owl-Ware and RGB Computer
Systems, all advertisers in this maga-
zine. Contact them for support of your
drive. Stylograph is available for the
CoCo under both OS-9 Level 1 and
Level 11. Contact Great Plains Comput-
er Company, P.O. Box 9 16. Idaho Kails,
ID 83402,(208)529-3210.
Copy-Protection Makes No Sense
I'm looking for one of the best copy-
right programs around. I know a
while ago you suggested Anti-Pirate
by Microcom but it 's no longer adver-
tised. If you were going to publish a
program under your own name, what
would you choose?
Chris Green
Carmichael, CA
Richard Esposito is the principal engi-
neer for BDM Corporation. He holds
bachelor's, master's and doctorate
degrees from Polytechnic Institute of
Brooklyn. He has been writing about
microcomputers since I9S0.
Richard Libra is a simulator test
operator for Singer Link Simulation
Systems Division.
154 THE RAINBOW July 1988
R
By Richard E. Esposito
Rainbow Contributing Editor
with Richard W. Libra
Tj I would neither market a copy-
/C protected program nor would 1
encourage anyone else to market or
purchase one. Even Lotus Corporation
(the last major holdout) is abandoning
copy-protection in its next release of I-
2-3. Protection makes no sense. It
discourages legitimate users from pur-
chasing your products. It challenges
pirates to break the protection scheme;
to prove they've done it, they make
copies for their friends. The only suc-
cessful protection schemes are
hardware-based; if done right this
would price you out of the CoCo
market.
A Fix for VIP Speller?
I used your CoCo 3 fix for VIP
C Doctor ASCII." March '88 rain-
bow). It worked fine for VIP Writer
and VIP Calc; however, I can find no
such sequence of characters in my VIP
Speller. Do you have a fix for VIP
Speller?
Jack Colemen
Joliet, IL
13 Sorry, but I do not have a copy of
yC the old VIP Speller. There is now
a new CoCo 3 version of VIP Writer/
VIP Speller that uses the CoCo 3's 80-
by-24 display mode.
Display Enhancement
How do I change from amber back-
ground/black text to black back-
liili) ground/ amber text and utilize the
entire screen (eliminate the border) on
boot-up and in Telewriter-64/' / have a
gray-case color computer, A DOS Ver-
sion 1.01. video output board I built
from Tim Mcintosh's article in RAIN-
BOW (September 1986), and a Mag-
navox 80 computer monitor. I am
considering changing to the MC6847-
Tl VDG (RAINBOW October, No-
vember and December 1986). Will this
chip change solve my problems, or is
there an easier method?
David Gierhart
Fremont, OH
D With the CoCo 3, you have con-
/C trol over the palettes and can
therefore get any color combination
you want in any mode. With the earlier
CoCos, the color combinations are
hard-wired. Howard Cohen wisely
designed Telewriter-64 to use dark text
on a light background to maximize
readability. Light text on a dark back-
ground using a PP10DE4 screen with
Telewriter-64 will result in a less legible
display. The MC6847-TI would give
you true lowercase in the 32-by-l 6
display, but il makes little sense spend-
ing money to enhance the display of an
older CoCo when, with a few more
dollars, you can move up to a CoCo 3
and get a real 80-by-24 display with
your Magnavox 80 computer monitor.
Erasing the Errors
/ have a 64K CoCo 2 with an FD-
501 disk drive. When I try to load a
machine language or BASK program
I gel an FD Error. When I try it several
times it works. When I list a program
and use the SHIFT @ command, I am
sometimes given a TM Error. It also
does other strange things at times. Any
suggestions?
Jeff Warren
Maymesville, NC
13 Try cleaning the contacts on your
•*-%.disk controller where it connects
to the ROM pack port. A rubber eraser
will remove the black oxidation (the
root of the problem) and restore the
silvery finish and electrical continuity.
Seeing Both Sides
Double-Precision
MikeyTerm to the Rescue
n What is the best way to access both
J sides of a double-sided drive on the
'& CoCo 3 other than using A DOS?
Steve Morrison
(STEVENM)
Newton, NC
W The drive selections in Disk Color
/L. BASIC are controlled by four ad-
dresses corresponding to the four pos-
sible drives allowable in Disk Extended
Color BASIC (DECB):
DECBI.l
DECBI.O
#0
55453
55210
m
55454
55211
#2
55455
55212
#3
55456
55213
Normally, the addresses correspond-
ing to slots #0 through #3 contain the
values 1, 2. 4 and 32, respectively, but
you can change these on the CoCo 3
since these values are in RAM. If. for
example, you poke Slot #0 with 2 and
Slot # 1 with 1 , your Drive will act like
a Drive 1 and your Drive I will act like
a Drive 0. In a double-sided system, you
cannot have more than three drives,
since, with these. Slot #3 is used for side
selection. So, if you want #2 to be the
back of Drive 0. poke #2 with 33 (32+ 1 );
and if you want #3 to be the back of #1,
poke #3 with 34 (32+2).
Missing Voltage
/ have a CoCo 2 and a CoCo 3 and
two FD-500 drives. Also, I am using
a 26-3124 Multi-Pak interface. I have
installed the upgrade board in the MPI
as outlined by Marty Goodman in the
January 1987 issue of RAINBOW. Every-
thing works fine as long as the FD 500
disk controller is plugged into the MPI.
But when I plug the disk controller
directly into the CoCo 2 or the CoCo
3 ROM port. I get nothing but garbage.
The screen either becomes black or
shows a vertical pattern of colored @s.
Can you help me?
Chris Voelker
Banning. CA
D The original disk controller was
/(■ made for the CoCo I, which sup-
plied 12 volts at the ROM pack port.
The newer CoCo 2 and CoCo 3 require
either a Multi-Pak. which supplies the
missing voltage, or a newer 5 volt-only
controller.
Willard Conner, in your March 1987
column, wrote in wanting to be able
to use double-precision arith-
metic. Radio Shack has a book called
TR-S80 Color Computer Programs, in
which there is a program using that
feat are. I was able to use it, but never
fully understood it. Maybe it will help
him. however.
Harold Hendricson
Mc Allen, TX
*
Thanks for the info.
Tracking TCE
§ I have just read your September 1987
column and was interested in your
reference to TCE Systems. Unfortu-
nately, I am not one of those who use
Delphi, and 1 would appreciate it if you
would let me know the address of TCE
Systems.
Karl Casper
Professor of Physics
Cleveland. OH
D All I have on TCE is two phone
X >1 numbers: (800) 4TC-4TCE and
(30 1 ) 963-3848. Their last advertisement
in THE RAINBOW was in the February
1987 issue. KENSHUNK is no longer on
Delphi.
ROM Pack Patches
I have a CoCo 3 and an FD-502 disk
drive. Recently I backed up my
ROM packs to disk using David
Dawson's "Pak to Disk Transfer" in the
December 1987 issue of RAINBOW. It
worked great until I tried it on a newer
ROM pack from Radio Shack. It
seemed to save and load properly, but
when I typed EXEC the computer locked
up. flashing streaks on the screen, and
could not be terminated by pressing
reset. What is the exact memory loca-
tion for a ROM pack in a CoCo 3? The
disk manual is not loo clear in this area.
Is there a poke I should use before EXEC.
or is there something wrong with this
patch?
Dale Szabo
Prince Albert, Saskatchewan
D Patches for some of the newer
jL ROM packs to be used with Daw-
son's program appeared in the March
'88 installment of this column. If anyone
can add to this list, write to me and I'll
include your additional patches along
with your name in a future issue.
I own a DCM Modem Pack Version
|_j 1. 00.00 with the built-in terminal
program. I was wondering if there
was any way I could use a different
terminal program with it. I would also
like to know if there is any way I can
add a bigger buffer in the DMP-105
printer. Is there any program available
for the Color Computer that changes
Commodore programs lo /he CoCo and
vice versa?
Lucas Koryikowski
Toronto, Ontario
T2 The public domain program Mi-
/C key Term, available for S10
from Mike Ward, 1807 Cortez, Coral
Gables, FL 33134, is configurable to
work with your DCM Modem Pack.
External printer buffers that hook
between your computer and printer are
commercially available. With the
proper software, you can allocate other-
wise unused RAM in a 64 K plus CoCo
1. 2 or 3 for a print buffer.
Double-Sided Disk Directories
J Is there a way to use Dl R Alpha and
_ DIR Print (February 88 issue. Page
B 80) lo access and print the directories
of my double-sided disks? My system
consists of the following: CoCo 2 with
64 K Extended BASIC, one double-sided
drive with HDS controller and an
Epson LX-800 dot matrix printer. Both
of the programs work great, but only for
Side of the drive. My system is set up
for and 2 (0 is the default). I access
Side 2 of the disk by typing in
LOflDM"filename:e. The DOS I'm using
is OwlDOS Custom Modified Version
I.I ©1982 Tandy Lie. by Microsoft.
Joaquin Chea
New Market. AL
I) If the DRIVE command is imple-
/(■ mented, set your OwlDOS to
access the backside of the disk and then
run the program. Better yet, set up the
programs as subroutines and make the
DRIVE command part of the program.
For a quicker response, your ques-
tions may also be submitted through
rainbow's CoCo SIG on Delphi.
From the CoCo SIG> prompt, pick
Rainbow Magazine Services, then,
at the RAINBOW> prompt, type
ASK for "Ask the Experts" to arrive
at the EXPERTS> prompt, where
you can select the "Doctor ASCII"
online form which has complete
instructions.
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 155
1 Wish i ng W ell
16K ECB
If you have an idea for the "Wishing
Well. " submit it to Fred c/o THE
RAINBOW. Remember, keep your
ideas specific, and don 't forget this is
BASIC. All programs resulting from
your wishes are for your use, but
remain the property of the author.
Enough, OK? I've gotten your
message. Several months ago I
printed some eorrections to
make five older "Wishing Well" pro-
grams work more efficiently on the
CoCo 3. Since then, I have been deluged
with letters from readers telling me that
to change the color set from blue to red
on CoCo programs using artifact col-
ors, I only needed to hold down the Fl
key while pressing the reset button.
Mea culpa, mea culpa, me a maxima
culpa\ (Latin for saying, roughly,
"Sorry, but I made a mistake. It's all my
fault!") Remember, I am still relatively
new to all the features on the CoCo 3.
I have not had the chance to do all the
reading that some of you have done
since getting your new machines. My
lime on the CoCo has been spent in
creating new programs for you.
In any case, thank you for pointing
that out to me and keeping me on my
toes. Still, having these programs cor-
rected will solve the problem for those
who did not know about the reset and
Fl either. It is always nice to have a
program run correctly the first time
without having to go through any
keyboard gymnastics.
Comma, Comma Down Doobie Do
Down Down
(Sorry, but I couldn't resist the pun.)
In any case, this month's "Wishing
Well" program will help train users on
the correct grammatical use of the
comma. Correct usage of commas is a
skill that many students have great
difficulty mastering. Five general rules
must be mastered in order to correctly
Fred Scerbo is a special needs instructor
for the North Adams Public Schools in
North Adams. Massachusetts. He holds
a master's in education and has pub-
lished some of the first software avail-
able for the Color Computer through
his software firm. Illustrated Memory
Hanks.
Training on correct
comma usage
CoCo Uses
Some
Comma
Sense!
By Fred B. Scerbo
Rainbow Contributing Editor
use commas in English grammar. They
are:
1) Use commas between items in a
list.
2) Use commas when addressing
someone in a sentence.
3) Use a comma to separate a quota-
tion from the rest of the sentence.
4) Use a comma to set off the words
"yes" or "no" in a sentence.
5) Use a comma before a conjunction
to separate two complete ideas in
a sentence.
Not every student can easily memo-
rize these rules. They often become
second nature only by repeated use.
Thai's where the new program comes in.
Comma Sense
This new program is designed both to
review the rules of comma use and to
quiz the user on the correct placement
of commas in a sentence. The program
will work in I6K Color Extended BASIC.
(Sorry, no Speech/ Sound Pak for this
one.)
The program as listed has 25 sample
sentences covering all five rules. The
sentences are stored in DATA statements
and can be replaced by your own sen-
tences if you want. I have even included
a subroutine allowing you to have a
sentence with quotation marks in it.
which is often difficult to do when using
either DATA statements or string varia-
bles. More on that later, though.
Running the Program
When you run the program, our title
card will ask whether you want Instruc-
tion or Quiz. Pressing I will review the
five rules for you and tell you how to
use the program. Pressing Q will cause
the program to go directly to the quiz.
The instruction segment is self-
explanatory.
In the quiz you vnU be g\\en num-
bered sample sentences in random
order. Each sentence will have all com-
mas removed by the program. You must
retype the sentence with the commas in
the correct places. The program has the
same routine as Jumble presented in the
May '88 rainbow (Page 74). The cursor
works much like a word processor in
that words will not be split up at the
edge of the screen. The backspace key
will work to erase any errors made.
Pressing ENTER finishes the input.
You must be careful about a few
things. First, do not type too quickly or
you will get ahead of the program.
Secondly, be sure to put one space after
every comma to match the original
sentence in memory.
When you think you have the sen-
tence typed in correctly, press ENTER. If
the sentence is correct, you will be told
so. If it is not, you will be given two
more chances to correct it by backing
up with the cursor to your mistake.
After the third try you will be shown the
error, and the correct sentence will be
shown to you.
You may check your score at any lime
by pressing the @ key. You may return
to the quiz by pressing C for continue.
Adding Your Own Sentences
It is actually quite simple to add your
own sentences to the program. You may
add up to 50 sentences to the program
in DATA statements starting with Line
1 000. To delete my information type
DEL 1000-4999 and press ENTER. This
will ensure that the last line in the
program will be 5000 DATA END. If you
accidentally kill this line, be sure to re-
enter it. To add your own information,
simply type in a sentence with commas
and wrap it in quotation marks: 1000
DATA "SAM, COME HERE."
156
THE RAINBOW July 1988
If you want to type a statement
already using quotation marks, natu-
rally you cannot put quotes in quotes.
Therefore, whenever you wish to have
quotation marks appear in the state-
ment, use an asterisk (*) instead: 1018
DATA "*HELLO,» HE SAID." The *
takes the place of the quotation mark.
The program will re-interpret the data
before it is used and print an actual
quotation mark on the screen. (The
screen will show the message "Please
stand by," while this is being done.)
Remember, you may only add up to
50 statements. You may make them as
easy or as difficult as you like, depend-
ing on the needs of the student using the
program. You may also want to include
more than one usage of the comma in
the same sentence.
Try it out. 1 think you will agree that
the program accomplishes its goal quite
nicely.
Special Thanks
Several months ago I put out a re-
quest for old, used Color Computers for
use with our special needs students in
the school system in which I teach. I am
extremely grateful to those of you who
have sent recorders, computers, cables,
printers, disk drives, programs and,
most of all, old CoCos. Our high school
resource room is now at full capacity.
Every student who needs to use a ma-
chine has one.
Therefore, 1 have started placing the
extra machines we have received at the
elementary level with our special needs
students there. So far, I have set up
three additional classrooms for handi-
capped students where no computers
were allocated before. You cannot
imagine how overjoyed the teachers are
to receive these machines. The kids are
thrilled, too.
Most people have requested their
names not be listed here in the maga-
zine. I will honor that request. If you
have not yet received your thank-you
note, you will shortly. Again, 1 thank
you from the bottom of my heart for
your generosity. Anyone else who may
have an old CoCo collecting dust may
still contact me at my home address or
at my home phone, (4 1 3) 663-9648. Any
donations made to a school system are
tax-deductable. and our school system
can supply a receipt for your tax pur-
poses. □
/
1
X
137
5
29
209
...48
340
425
510
1120
END
. .157
206
197
204
178
V
40
80...
150
190
260
The listing: COMMAS
1 REM ************************
2 REM * COMMA SENSE *
4 REM * BY FRED B.SCERBO *
5 REM * 60 HARDING AVE. *
6 REM * NORTH ADAMS, MA 01247 *
7 REM * COPYRIGHT (C) 1988 *
8 REM ************************
9 CLEAR3000:CLS0:PRINTSTRING$(32
,188) ;STRING$(32,204) ; : FORI=lT02
56:READA:PRINTCHR$(A+128) ;:NEXT
10 PRINTSTRING$ (32,195); STRINGS (
32,179) ;
15 DATA46,44,44,44,44,44,42,37,4
4,44,44,44,45,32,46,44,45,44,44,
42,37,44,44,46,44,45,32,46,44,44
,44,45
20 DATA42, ,,, ,32,32,37, ,, ,32,37,
,42,, 32,, 32, 42, 37, ,32, 32, 32, 37, 3
2,46,44,44,44,45
25 DATA43,35,35,35,35,35,42,37,3
5,35,35,35,39, ,42, ,32,32,32,42,3
7, ,32, 32, ,37, ,42, ,,64, 37
30 DATA115 , 115 , 115 , 115 , 115 , , 115 ,
115,115,115,115, ,115,114, , , ,113,
112,115,115,115,115,115,115, ,115
,115,115,115,115,115
35 DATA122 , , , , 116 , , 122 , , , , 116 , , 1
22,125,114, , ,117, ,122,112, , , ,116
,,122,112, ,,,116
40 DATA123, 115,115, 115, 115, ,123,
115 , 115 , 114 , , , 122 , 112 , 125 , 114 , , 1
17,, 122,,,,,,, 123, 115, 115, 114,,
45 DATA, , , , 117 , , 122 , 112 , , 112 , , , 1
22 , , 112 , 125 , 114 , 117 , , 122 ,,,,,,, 1
22
50 DATA123, 115, 115, 115, 119, 112,1
23,115,115,115,119,112,122, , , ,12
5 , 119 , , 123 , 115 , 115 , 115 , 115 , 119 , 1
12 , 123 , 115 , 115 , 115 , 115 , 119
55 PRINT@419," BY FRED B.SCE
RBO " ;
60 PRINT@453," COPYRIGHT (C) 19
88 " ;
65 PRINT@483," <I>NSTRUCTIONS OR
<Q>UIZ ";
70 X$=INKEY$ :XX=RND (-TIMER) :IFX$
="I"THEN75ELSEIFX$="Q"THEN220ELS
E70
75 CLS:PRINT@3 4, "THIS PROGRAM IS
DESIGNED TO HELP YOU LEARN
THE CORRECT USE OF THE 'COM
MA' IN A COMPLETE SENTEN
CE.": PRINTS 19 4, "YOU WILL BE GIVE
N A SENTENCE WHICH HAS ALL TH
E COMMAS IN IT REMOVED."
80 PRINT@322, "YOU MUST RE-TYPE T
HE SENTENCE SO THAT IT IS CORR
ECT & MAKES PROPER USE OF THE
COMMA."
85 PRINT@450, "PRESS <ENTER> TO C
ONTINUE.";
90 IFINKEY$OCHR$(13)THEN90
95 CLS: PRINTS 3 4, "OUR FIRST RULE
WHEN USING COMMAS REQUIRES
THAT WE USE COMMAS BETWEEN
THINGS IN A LIST."
100 PRINT@194,"HERE IS A SAMPLE
SENTENCE. " : PRINT@258 , "THE THREE
STOOGES ARE LARRY, MOE, AND C
URLEY . "
105 PRINT§354,"WE WOULD PAUSE AF
TER EACH COMMA WHILE READI
NG ALOUD . "
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 157
110 GOSUB115:GOTO130
115 PRINT@450, "PRESS <ENTER> TO
CONTINUE.";
120 IFINKEY$OCHR$(13)THEN120
125 RETURN
130 CLS:PRINT@34,"OUR SECOND RUL
E WHEN USING COMMAS REQUIRE
S THAT WE USE COMMAS WHEN WE
ARE CALLING SOMEONE'S NAME
m ii
135 PRINTS 19 4, "HERE IS A SAMPLE
SENTENCE . " : PRINTS258 , "JIM, COME
HERE SO I CAN SPEAK WITH YOU."
140 PRINT@354,"WE WOULD PAUSE AF
TER THE COMMA WHILE READI
NG ALOUD."
145 GOSUB115
150 CLS: PRINTS 3 4, "OUR THIRD RULE
WHEN USING COMMAS REQUIRE
S THAT WE USE COMMAS TO SEPA
RATE QUOTATIONS FROM THE REST
OF A SENTENCE."
155 PRINT@194,"HERE IS A SAMPLE
SENTENCE. " : PRINT@258 , CHR$ (34) "GO
ANSWER THE DOOR, "CHR$ (34) " HE":
PRINT" SAID AS HE ENTERED THE R
OOM."
160 PRINT@3 54, "QUESTION MARKS OR
EXCLAMATION POINTS MAY BE USE
D ALSO."
165 GOSUB115
170 CLS:PRINT§3 4, "OUR FOURTH RUL
E WHEN USING COMMAS REQUIRE
S THAT WE USE COMMAS TO SET
OFF THE WORDS YES OR NO . "
175 PRINT@194,"HERE IS A SAMPLE
SENTENCE. ":PRINT@258, "NO, YOU MA
Y NOT HAVE SOME ICE CREAM BEFO
RE SUPPER. "
180 PRINT@354,"WE AGAIN WOULD PA
USE AFTER THE COMMA WHILE R
EADING ALOUD . "
185 GOSUB115
190 CLS: PRINT S3 4, "OUR FINAL RULE
SAYS THAT WE MUST USE A COM
MA TO PAUSE IN THE MIDDLE OF
A SENTENCE BEFORE A CONJU
NCTION."
195 PRINT@194,"HERE IS A SAMPLE
SENTENCE. ":PRINT@258, "WE WENT TO
THE SUPERMARKET, BUT IT WAS
NOT OPEN."
200 PRINTS 3 54, "THIS IS USED WHEN
WE HAVE TWO DIFFERENT THINGS
STATED."
205 GOSUB115
210 CLS:PRINT@3 4,"IF YOU DO NOT
GET THE CORRECT ANSWER, YOU WI
LL BE GIVEN A CHANCE TO TRY
IT AGAIN. YOU MAY CHECK THE
SCORECARD BY PRESSING THE <
§> KEY. YOU MAY THEN RETURN TO
THE PROGRAM BY PRESSING <C> T
CONTINUE"
215 PRINT @ 2 90, "WHEN TYPING YOUR
ANSWER BE SURE TO PUT A SPA
CE AFTER A COMMA. BE SURE TO
TYPE SLOWLY! ":GOSUBl 15
220 CLS0
225 DIMAO(51) ,A$(51) ,B$(51) ,NP(5
1)
230 CLS0:GOTO2 65
235 D=0
240 IFLEN(J$)<=27THEN255
245 FORT=27TO0STEP-l:IFMID$(J$,T
,1)=" "THEN2 60
250 NEXT
255 W$=J$+C$:F=LEN(W$) :PRINT@M+D
, W$ ; STRING$ ( X-F ,32): RETURN
260 W$=LEFT$(J$,T) :C$="" :W$=W$+C
$:F=LEN(W$) : PRINT SM+D,W$ ; STRING $
(X-F, 32) :C$=D$:J$=S$+RIGHT$(J$, (
LEN(J$) )-T) :D=D+32:GOTO2 40
265 FORJ=1TO50:READ A$(J):IFA$(J
)="END"THEN275
270 NEXT J
275 CLS0:J=J-1
280 FORI=lTOJ
285 AO(I)=RND(J)
290 IFNP(AO(I) )=1THEN 285
295 NP(AO(I) )=1:NEXTI
300 FORP=1TOJ:KL=0
305 CLS: PRINTS 2 3 2, "PLEASE STAND
BY" : A$=" " : B$=" " : R$=" " : C$=" " : D$="
":S$=" "
310 Q$=A$(AO(P)) :K=LEN(Q$)
315 A$=" " : FORI=lTOK: L$=MID$ (Q$ , I
,1) :IFL$="*"THEN A$=A$+CHR$(34)E
LSE A$=A$+L$
3 20 NEXTI:Q$=A$:A$=""
325 FORN=lTOK: IFMID$ (Q$ ,N, 1) =" , "
THEN3 35
330 A$=A$+MID$(Q$,N,1)
3 35 NEXTN:B$=A$:GOTO360
340 K=LEN(Q$) :B$=LEFT$(A$,3) :FOR
N=4TOK
345 R=RND(12) :IFR>4THEN355
350 B$=B$+" "
355 B$=B$+MID$(A$,N,1) :NEXTN
3 60 CLS: PRINTS 3 5, "ADD COMMAS TO
EXAMPLE #";P:M=96::J$=" "+B$:X
=31:GOSUB235
365 M=289:PRINT@289,"=>"+CHR$(12
8);
370 X=2 9:C$=CHR$(128) :D$=CHR$(12
8):S$=" "
375 Y$=INKEY$ : IFY$="@"THEN4 60ELS
EIFY$=CHR$ ( 13 ) THEN395ELSEIFY$=CH
R$ ( 8 ) THEN3 85ELSEIFY$=" "THEN3 75
380 R$=R$+Y$:J$=" "+R$ : PRINTS29
1 , " " ; : GOSUB2 3 5 : PRINT : GOT03 7 5
385 IFLEN(R$)<1THEN375
390 M=289:L=LEN(R$) :R$=LEFT$(R$,
L-l) : PRINT @M,""; :J$=" "+R$:GOSU
B235: PRINT :GOT0375
395 IFR$=Q$THEN400ELSE410
158
THE RAINBOW July 1988
400 PRINT@480," YOU ARE ABSOLUT
ELY CORRECT ! ! " ;
405 CR=CR+1:GOTO450
410 PRINT@480," SORRY, THAT IS
NOT CORRECT ! " ;
415 IR=IR+1:KL=KL+1:IF KL<3 THEN
440
420 X$=INKEY$:IFX$<>CHR$(13)THEN
420
425 CLS: PRINT® 64," THE CORRECT
USE OF THE COMMA IN THIS SENT
ENCE IS:"
430 PRINT :J$=" "+Q$ : D$="" : C$=""
:X=31:M=192:GOSUB235
435 PRINT@416," PRESS <ENTER> T
CONTINUE . " ; : GOTO450
440 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=CHR$(13)THEN4
45ELSEIFX$="@"THEN460ELSE440
445 PRINT@480,STRING$(30,32) ;:GO
T0375
450 X$=INKEY$:IFX$=CHR$(13)THEN4
55ELSEIFX$="§"THEN460ELSE450
455 NEXTP
460 CLS : PRINT §128," ";
465 L=CR+IR:IF L=0 THEN L=l
470 PRINT" NUMBER CORRECT = "
CR
475 PRINT
480 PRINT" NUMBER WRONG = "
IR
485 PRINT: PRINT" STUDENT SCOR
E = ";INT(CR*100/L) ;"%"
490 PRINT: PRINT" ANOTHER TRY
(Y/N/C) " ;
495 W$=INKEY$:IFW$=""THEN495
500 IF W$="Y" THEN RUN
505 IF W$="N" THEN CLS:END
510 IF W$="C" AND P<=J THEN 305
ELSE RUN
515 GOT0495
990 REM ENTER DATA AT LINE 1000
1000 DATA "TODAY WE BOUGHT SOME
SOUP, NUTS, GRAPES, AND BERRIES.
ii
1010 DATA "SHE SAID IN A LOUD VO
ICE, *YOU'LL NEED MORE MONEY.*"
1020 DATA "YES, WE HAVE NO BANAN
AS . "
1030 DATA "SAM, WHAT IS YOUR NEW
ALBUM CALLED?"
1040 DATA "WE ORDERED THE NEW ED
ITION OF THE BOOK, BUT IT DID NO
T ARRIVE IN TIME."
1050 DATA "YES, YOU CAN COME ALO
NG IF YOU HAVE ENOUGH MONEY."
1060 DATA "IT SNOWED ALL SUNDAY
NIGHT, SO WE DID NOT HAVE SCHOOL
ON MONDAY."
1070 DATA "I'LL HAVE THE BACON,
LETTUCE , AND TOMATO ON RYE . "
1080 DATA "TAKE OFF THAT FOOLISH
HAT , HARRY . "
1090 DATA "*WE FIND HIM GUILTY A
S CHARGED,* THE FOREMAN OF THE /
URY SAID."
1100 DATA "WE WENT TO THE LAW ._
RM OF DEWEY, CHEETUM, AND HOWE."
1110 DATA "SURE, YOU CAN COME BY
ANYTIME YOU WANT."
1120 DATA "IT IS A NICE DAY, BUT
I THINK IT IS GOING TO RAIN LAT
ER."
1130 DATA "DID YOU HEAR WHAT I S
AID, NORMAN?"
1140 DATA "YOU WILL NEED A COLOR
COMPUTER, A DISK DRIVE, A MOUSE
, AND A PRINTER."
1150 DATA "I HAVE READ OTHER MAG
AZINES, BUT THE RAINBOW IS THE B
EST."
1160 DATA "*YOU WILL NEVER GET A
WAY WITH IT,* WARNED THE HOSTAGE
^ ii
1170 DATA "ALICE, GET ME THE FLO
UR, SUGAR, CAKE MIX, AND MILK."
1180 DATA "NO, I DO NOT HAVE ANY
MONEY TO LOAN YOU."
1190 DATA "HE DID NOT GET ALONG
WITH OTHERS , SO HE WENT HOME . "
1200 DATA "WE TOOK SALLY, DEBBIE
, HARRY, AND JIM TO THE MOVIES."
1210 DATA "CERTAINLY, YOU CAN CO
ME IN NOW."
1220 DATA "DIDN'T YOU PAY ATTENT
ION TO ME, LARRY?"
1230 DATA "*THIS IS THE WORST DA
Y OF MY LIFE,* SCOTT SAID."
12 40 DATA "HE HAD A FEW DRINKS,
BUT HE DID NOT DRIVE HIS CAR. "
5000 DATA END /J ^
CORRECTIONS
"Ye Olde Font"(May 1988, Page 37): Bill Bcrnico lias
written to correct an error in his English Print Font
program. The mistake isn't noticeable unless you print
a whole siring of 5s on the screen. Currently, Line 280,
which defines the character 5, ends with BU10BR10.
This line should end with BU11BR10.
"Received and Certified" (May 1988, Page 140): The
price and contact phone number are incorrect for the
listing of Re Music 1.0. Codis Enterprises can be
reached at (817) 283-8571. Re Musk 1.0 sells for S25,
not S12.
For quicker reference, Corrections will be posted on
Delphi as soon as they are available in the Info on
Rainbow topic area of the database. Just type DATA
at the CoCo SIG> prompt and INFO at the TOPIC>
prompt.
July 1£
THE RAINBOW
159
.AINBOWTECH
32K Disk
Can the CoCo Learn?
By William Barden, Jr.
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Can a computer possibly learn? For example, is it
possible for your CoCo to learn how to play tic-tac-
toe without your programming the winning strate-
gies? Imagine this scenario: You start playing tic-tac-toe with
your computer, and it loses at first. However, as it plays, it
learns from past mistakes and plays better and better. Finally,
it becomes a master tic-tac-toe player, able to beat you in
almost every game. In this column we'll look at that question
and actually make your CoCo into a learning machine! I'll
even ask for your help in playing against the CoCo — but
more on that later.
MENACE — A Matchbox Learning Machine
To give credit where credit is due, this whole concept comes
from a description of MENACE, a Matchbox Educable
Naughts and Crosses Engine, described in Martin Gardner's
book The Unexpected Hanging. Gardner, the Puzzle Master
of Scientific American for many years, describes a learning
machine made out of 300 matchboxes by Donald Michie, a
biologist at the University of Edinburgh.
Michie's matchboxes have a copy of a tic-tac-toe position
on their cover (tic-tac-toe is called "naughts and crosses" in
Great Britain). See Figure I. Inside each matchbox are beads
of different colors, each bead representing a move. There's
a hole in each matchbox so that one bead can be randomly
selected from all beads. The color of the bead selected
determines the move.
The machine starts first and makes the first move (in fact
this is done by someone shaking the matchbox with the
"empty" tic-tac-toe matrix on the cover and noting the color
of the bead). This matchbox is then left open to indicate that
a move of that configuration has taken place.
For each machine move, a human opponent also makes
a move. Since the machine started first, it plays odd moves
Bill Barden has written 27 books and over 100 magazine
articles on various computer topics. His 20 years' experience
in the industry covers a wide background: programming,
systems analysis and managing projects for computers
ranging from mainframes to micros.
TIC-TAC-TOE
_/ CONFIGURATION
/<$?
%><>
y^
^
T* ^^
"GATE" /\.
TO \
SELECT ONE
BEAD
-BEADS OF VARIOUS
COLORS
Figure
1: Michie
s Matches
1. 3, 5, 7 and 9. This means that any time the machine
plays, there is an equal number of X's and O's on the tic-
tac-toe matrix.
At the end of the game there are several open matchboxes
representing the moves that occurred. Each open matchbox
has a selected color bead that determined the next move. If
the machine won the game, more beads of that color are
added to each open matchbox. If the game was a draw, only
one bead of that color is added to the matchboxes. If the
machine lost the game, one bead of that color is taken from
each matchbox.
Over many games, the matchboxes accumulate more beads
representing winning moves than non-winning moves. The
chance of selecting a winning bead (move) is much greater
than that of selecting a losing or drawing bead. Gradually,
the machine becomes smarter and smarter.
Tic-Tac-Toe Positions
The tic-tac-toe matrix looks like Figure 2. We'll assign each
square a number of I through 9, as shown in the figure. For
each of the nine squares, there are three possible characters
that can be placed into the square — a blank (no move yet
made), an O or an X. Instead of a blank, we'll use a dash
character, just because it's easier to find the position on a
printout.
160
THE RAINBOW July 1988
1
2
3
—
-
4
5
6
—
X
—
7
8
9
—
X
Figure 2: Tic-Tac-Toe Matrix
Characters and Numbering
X
X 123456789
-
Ixlolxlol-l-l-lxlol
X
X
X
123456789
-
|x|x|o|o|-|-|x|o|-|
X
X
o
- 123456789
-
•
Ix |o I— I— I— I— i— I— I— I
Figure
3:
Tic-Tac-Toe String Representation
To make the tic-tac-toe matrix easier to print and process,
we'll use a nine-character string, as shown in Figure 3. The
character positions ofthe String are numbered from I through
9 and correspond to the tic-tac-toe positions. Several tic-tac-
toe configurations are shown, with their corresponding string
printouts.
How many different configurations of the tic-tac-toe
matrix are there? We can compute that fairly easily on the
CoCo. We'll start with no entries, a string of .
Then we'll increment by one from the left, changing a dash
to an O: 0. The next increment will change an O
to an X: X. The next increment will change an X
to a dash again and add one to the next lower position:
0- We'll stop when we get to XXXXXXXXX. The
program to do this is shown in Listing I, and the first few
strings arc:
1
- D 2
X 3
0- A
00 5
OX G
X- 7
X0 8
XX 9
0-- 10
0-0 11
Do you see any pattern here? If a dash stands for an O,
an O for a I, and an X for a 2, we can construct a ternary
number of base three out of the patterns. The pattern -X-
0- -XX0 becomes 020100221. A ternary number is similar to
a binary number but uses the digits 0, 1 and 2. In fact there
are three to the ninth configurations of tic-tac-toe patterns,
or 19,683 patterns. The program in Listing I will list them
all.
Some of the patterns, though, just can't be. The pattern
000 - consists of three moves of O's and no others.
Someone's cheating. Likewise, 000111111 has six X's and
three O's, an unequal number of moves and impossible.
The program shown in Listing 2 lists all possible moves
that the machine can make if it goes first. Remember that
if the machine goes first it is always confronted with a tic-
tac-toe configuration with an equal number of X's and O's.
We'll use O for the machine's move, by the way.
It turns out that there are 3,139 possible configurations
with an equal number of X's and O's. The last four are:
XXXX0-000 19535
XXXXOO-00 19553
XXXXOOO-0 19559
XXXX0000- 195G1
Note that each configuration has a corresponding number
based on the original 19,683 configurations. Since most of
the 19,683 configurations are not possible, there are gaps in
the numbering.
Michie originally used about 300 matchboxes in his
manual method of MENACE. That's cheating somewhat. He
reasoned that the configurations in Figure 4 were all the same,
if the tic-tac-toe matrix was rotated and the mirror image was
considered. We'll use the brute force method here and
consider all possible configurations without regard to
rotations or mirror images.
Possible Next Moves
For each configuration, there are one to nine possible next
moves. The configuration, for example, reprc-
x
ol-
—
- X
ORIGINAL
X
O
O
X
ROTATIONS
-
-
X
-
-
O
X
-
o
-
O
X
-
X
-
90°
180°
270°
o
X
X
O
X
mirror
X
—
O
—
-
X
O
-
IKAAf^P^
-
-
o
O
-
X
X
o
-
X
OF ORIGINAL
OF 90°
OF 180°
OF 270°
Figure 4: Rotations and Mirror Images
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 161
sents a game where no one has moved. The machine can play
an O in any of ihe nine squares:
---
-D
--D
---0
□___
D--
0-
The D --X configuration represents a machine's first
move in the upper left-hand corner and the human's response
with an X in the lower right-hand corner. The machine can
now play in any of seven positions:
DD X
0-0 X
0--0 X
0---0---X
0--X
o-x
ox
The 00 XX configuration represents two moves by the
machine and two matching moves by the human. The
machine can now play in any of the five remaining positions.
The 00-0-X-XX configuration represents three moves by
the machine and three matching moves by the human. The
machine can now play in any of the three remaining positions.
The 0000 -XXXX configuration represents four moves by
the machine and four matching moves by the human. The
machine can now play in one remaining position.
From these examples, you can see the relationship between
the move number, the number of X's and O's already played,
and the number of positions in which the machine can play:
Move
# of O's
# of X's
Remaining
(machine)
(human)
positions
1
9
3
1
1
7
5
2
2
5
7
3
3
3
9
4
4
1
Selecting the Next Move
The next move in Michie's MENACE was made by shaking
up the matchbox and choosing a colored bead at random.
Michie started out with four beads of nine colors for the first
move matchboxes, three beads of each color for the third
move matchboxes, two beads of each color for the fifth move
matchboxes, and one bead of each color for the seventh move
matchboxes (the ninth move has only one possibility). We
can't use colored beads in the computer, but we can use a
byte for each possible position and put a count in the byte.
We'll use counts of five, four, three, two and one to simplify
the ninth move processing. The count represents the number
of colored beads. As an example, the configuration 00- -X-
X-- is a fifth move configuration with five possible next
moves by the machine. We'll put three beads in our figurative
matchbox for each of the five possible moves: 00--X-X--
0,0,3,3,0,3,0,3,3.
The impossible moves (those already occupied by an X or
O) are initialized with a count of 0. Possible moves are
initialized with a count of 3.
The next move can be selected at random by adding up
all of the counts (3 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 3= 15) and then generating
a random number from 1 to 15. Suppose the number
generated was eight. The machine would accumulate counts
from left to right and stop when the total was equal to eight.
Since eight occurs here in the third count (tic-tac-toe square
6), the machine would use square 6 as its next move: 00--
X0X--. The human might reply with square 9: 00--X0X-X.
At this point we're into a seventh move configuration of
00-X0X-X. The machine would look at that configuration,
which was initialized to two counts for each position: 00-
X0X-X 0,0,2,2,0,0,0,2,0.
The machine would add up the counts (2 + 2 + 2 = 6) and
select a random number between 1 and 6, say 5. The number
5 is in the eighth position, so the machine would respond with:
0D--XDX0X.
Play would continue until someone won the game or a
draw occurred.
If the game was won by the machine, an adjustment would
be made to the active configurations by adding three counts
to each position. For the fifth move above this would change
00--X-X-- 0,0,3,3,0,3,0,3,3 to 00--XX-X--
0,0,3,3,0,6,0,3,3.
For the seventh move D0--X0X-X 0,0,2,2,0,0,0,2,0
would become 00--XOX-X 0,0,2,2,0,0,0,5,0.
Similar adjustments would be made for draws (one would
be added) and losses (one would be subtracted). The whole
process would emulate "reward and punishment" used for
training pels (and unruly kids) and should make the machine
choose the path with the most counts.
Recording the Counts
We need a character string of nine bytes (characters) to
record the configuration and nine additional bytes to hold
counts — a total of 18 bytes. Since there are 3,139 possible
z
o
H
If)
o
Q-
cr
2
z
O
o
2,423 ,
ENTRIES |
f
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5 '»
RECORD 1
RECORD 2
RECORD 3
. ALWAYS
C.0 FOR USED
POSITIONS
TYPICAL ENTRY
OX
4
•1
4
4
4
4
4
- xo
4
•I
4
4
4
4
4
s ;
* *>
xo- - xo
0|0|3|3|0|n|3|3|:j
*
F
igui
— . 1
18 BYTES
eS: TICTPICT0.DHT File I
ormat
162
THE RAINBOW July 1988
DIGISECTOR
DS-69B
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IGITIZER
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NO RISK GUARANTEE
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TH mD©^2)
Purveyors of Fine Video Digitizers Since 1977. ^^©C^JJ^Iy 1
P.O. Box 1110 Del Mar, CA 92014 (619)942-2400
configurations, that's 3,139*18 = 56,502 bytes, too large lor
normal basic memory. One solution is to hold configuration
and counts in a disk file.
Since we're holding binary data in the counts (counts may
range from to 255) the file should be a random file.
Sequential files are somewhat sensitive to odd values in bytes,
such as values less than 32. Random files allow us to hold
any value without problems.
The random file we'll use looks like Figure 5. Each record
in the file has 18 bytes. The first nine bytes hold the
configuration, a string of dashes, O's, and X's. The next nine
bytes are nine fields, each field containing a count of
through 255. The file is generated by the program in Listing
3, a variation of the program in Listing 2. The new program
initializes the master tic-tac-toe file and is used only once.
The program in Listing 3 also eliminates "end game"
conditions, such as:
XXX
- -
-
These end game conditions are not valid configurations
because they would be detected before the machine had to
make the next move. There are 1 8 end game conditions, three
rows filled, three columns filled, and two diagonals filled for
either O's (machine) or X's (human). Eliminating the end
game configurations brings the total number of configura-
tions down to 2,423 and the file of configurations down to
43,614 bytes.
The TICTACTO.DAT file is used by the processing program
(described shortly) to find the current tic-tac-toe configura-
tion and to look at the possible responses the machine can
make. The program in Listing 3 also generates another file,
called TTTDIR.DAT. This file is a sequential file, as shown in
Figure 6. TTTDIR.DflT lists the record number in the
TICTACTO.DAT file for any tic-tac-toe configuration. The
catch is that a tic-tac-toe configuration such as -X--D-X-0
must first be converted to a ternary number (in this example
4,474).
The TTTDIR.DflT file is read into memory and scanned to
find the current tic-tac-toe configuration; the index of the
TTTDIR.DflT entry (how far down the directory the entry is
located) is identical to the number of the record in the
TICTACT0.DAT file.
After running the program of Listing 3, therefore, you'll
have two files on disk: the TICTACT0.DAT main working file,
and the TTTDIR.DAT directory file. Both are used by the
TICTACTO.BAS program.
The TICTACTO.BAS Program
This program draws the tic-tac-toe diagram, checks for an
end condition, and "rewards" or "punishes" the tic-tac-toe
data so that the program learns. The program contains no
intelligence to make it smart — it just accumulates data for
the learning process. The program is shown in Listing 4.
Reading in the TTDIR.DAT File
The first thing the program does is to read in the
TTTDIR.DAT file into Array D. This file contains all 2,423
possible configurations of the tic-tac-toe matrix, in base 3
representation to save space. The program scans this array
to find the current configuration and then uses the index
value (1 through 2,423) as the record number of the
TICTACTO.DATrecordconlainingthe counts and valid moves
RECORD 1
2
3
4
5
' 2,423 ENTRIES
5
7
11
15
Figure 6:
TTTDIR.DAT File Format
for the machine to make. Reading in the TTTDIR.DAT file
takes a minute or so but only has to be done once for any
number of games you want to play.
Screen Display
The screen display for TICTACTO.BAS is not very elegant.
It is designed to run on 32-character wide text displays and
looks like this:
12 3
A 5 G
7 B 9
D - -
YOUR MOVE: ?
General Operation
Note that as soon as the program starts running, the
machine makes the first move. For every move made, the
program looks at the current configuration, converts it to a
base number, looks up the number in the D array, and then
uses the index of the D array entry to read in the record from
the TICTACT0.DAT file.
Once the record is read in, the counts are totaled. A random
number is then generated, and a selection of the position is
made to determine where the machine will play an O. The
machine then makes the play.
After the machine has played, a test for done is made. This
checks the rows, columns and diagonals for a machine win
or a draw. The human cannot win at this point because the
last human move was checked for a done condition directly
after the move. By the way, draws can only occur after the
machine has played.
If the machine has not won, a prompt message for the
human's move is displayed. The human can play in any blank
square; a check is made for a valid square. After the play has
been made, a check for done is performed. If the human has
not won, a loop is made back to the machine's play.
Reward and Punishment
Each time the machine plays, a record is made of the
TICTACTO.DAT entry number and the position in which the
response was made. (This corresponds to opening the box
in Michie's MENACE.) At the end of the game, each
TICTACTO.DAT entry is adjusted by adding or subtracting
164
THE RAINBOW
July 1£
counts from the entry position. Three is added for a win, one
is added for a draw, and one is subtracted for a loss. The
updated entries for TICTACTO.DAT are written back out to
disk, so that the TICTACTO.DAT always reflects the accu-
mulated knowledge of the machine.
A history file is also updated at the end of the game. This
file is another random file with records one byte long. For
each game, a new letter is added to the end of the file — either
W, D or L.
Variables
As mentioned above, D holds the base 3 configurations.
It's a numeric array of 2,423 entries and takes up about 12,1 15
bytes.
Arrays R and F hold the record number and position
number for play for each machine move. These arrays are
used to update the TICTFICTD . DAT file after each game. Array
A$ is the actual tic-tac-toe matrix itself. Each of its nine
entries corresponds to one of the nine tic-tac-toe positions.
Each entry holds either a dash, X or O. Array BD is the
numeric form of the array. It's used to make the conversion
from a string configuration to a base three numeric config-
uration easier.
Subroutines
The program is divided into subroutines to make the
processing more modular and easier to decode.
The Display O or X subroutine uses the variable I to
indicate the position on the tic-tac-toe matrix of 1 through
9. The tic-tac-toe matrix uses three lines starting at screen
positions 207, 239, and 271. One blank is used between
positions. The one character in string variable YS (O or X)
is printed at the line start plus a displacement based upon
the the position number.
The Test for Done subroutine builds up a string called X$.
composed of the three characters from an AS row, column,
or diagonal. Another subroutine is then called to test for
either an XXX or DOD string. The main subroutine also tests
for all positions filled. If a draw results (nine positions filled),
the variable DN is set to I. If the machine has won, DN is set
to 3; if the human has won, DN is set to - 1 . If there is no done
condition, DN is set to 0. Note that DN holds the reward or
punishment count to be added or subtracted from the count
in the TICTACTD.DAT entries.
The next machine move subroutine first converts the tic-
tac-toe configuration into a base 3 number. Array D is then
searched for this number. The number must be found, as
Array D holds all possible configurations. When found, the
index to Array D is equivalent to the record number of the
TICTACTD.DAT entry. A GET reads this record. A random
selection is then made of the machine's play. The Display X
subroutine is called to display the play, and the AS array is
changed to reflect the play. An entry is also made in the R
array for the record number and the F array for the position
number of the play.
The reward/ punishment subroutine looks at Array R to
find each record ofTICTACTD.DAT that has been used in the
play. Each of these records is read in. and the count in the
proper position (obtained from Array F) is adjusted by the
value in the variable DN. The record is then rewritten to disk.
A single-character record is then added to the history file
to reflect the results of the game.
How Would You Like to Be a Teacher?
With some slight modifications, it would be possible to
make the program play against itself (just generate a random
number of I through 9 in place of the user input). The
machine would then go along and play continuous game after
continuous game, presumably getting smarter all the time.
For the purposes of this column, though, I thought it might
be interesting if interested readers would play the hundreds
or thousands of games required to make the program learn.
What I visualize is this:
Interested CoCo freaks can write me for a copy of the game
and files. I will then send the game out in sequence so that
each person can play as many games as he or she wishes -
maybe a hundred or so each (about a half-hour's worth). The
player can then send the updated disk back to me, and I'll
send it on to the next person. After the machine learns how
to play properly, I'll send a copy of the updated files back
to each person, so he or she can see how smart the program
has become. I'll also plot the learning statistics in a column,
together with the names of each person who participated. For
this project to work, we must send the master disk by at least
first class mail. I visualize about a month's worth of time until
we have a smart program. How about it? If you would like
to participate in this experiment, send your name and address
to me at:
Post Office Box 3568
Mission Viejo, CA 92692
I'll add your name to the list and we can get this interesting
project going.
See you next month with more CoCo topics. D
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RO-8 REED RELAY CARD (8 RELAYS SP 110)1
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July 1988 THE RAINBOW 165
— Il_
TO 9: PRINT A$ ( I
Listing 1: RLLPERMS
10J3 ■ PRINTS ALL PERMUTATIONS OF
TIC-TAC-TOE, EVEN IMPOSSIBLE ON
ES
110 DIM A$( 9 )
120 C = j3
130 FOR I = 1 TO 9: A$( I
": NEXT
140 C = C + 1
150 FOR 1=1
) ; : NEXT : PRINT C
160 I = 9
170 IF A$( I ) = "-" THEN A$ ( I
) = "O": GOTO 180 ELSE IF A$ ( I
) = "O" THEN A$( I ) - "X
": GOTO 180 ELSE A$ ( I ) = "-":
IF I <> 1 THEN 1=1-1: GOTO
170 ELSE GOTO 190
180 GOTO 140
190 STOP
Listing 2: 1STMDVES
100 * PRINTS ALL POSSIBLE PERMUT
ATIONS OF TIC-TAC-TOE FOR MACHIN
E FIRST MOVE
110 DIM A$( 9 )
120 C = 0: PC =
130 FOR I = 1 TO 9: A$ ( I ) = "-
" : NEXT
140 C = C + 1
150 BC = 0: OC = 0: XC =
160 FOR I = 1 TO 9: IF A$( I ) =
"-" THEN BC = BC + 1 ELSE IF A$
( I ) = "0" THEN OC = OC
+ 1 ELSE XC = XC + 1
170 NEXT
180 IF OC = XC THEN PRINT A$ ( 1
) ; A$ ( 2 ) ; A$ ( 3 ) ; A$ ( 4 ) ; A$
( 5 ) ; A$ ( 6 ) ; A$ ( 7 ) ; A$ (
8 ) ; A$ ( 9 ) ; C : PC = PC + 1
190 1=9
200 IF A$( I ) = "-" THEN A$ ( I
) = "0": GOTO 210 ELSE IF A$ ( I
) = "0" THEN A$( I ) = "X
" : GOTO 210 ELSE A$ ( I ) = "-":
IF I <> 1 THEN 1=1-1: GOTO
200 ELSE GOTO 2 20
210 GOTO 140
220 PRINT PC
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I Interactive access to
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supporting program modules
with full parameter passing
and recursion.
are virtually unlimited.
I Text, BCD floating point
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CSG IMS for CoCo3 OS9-L2 51 2K (single user) $169.95
CSG IMS for OS9-L2 or 68000(multi user) $495.00
CSG IMS demo with manual $30.00
OTHER CSG PRODUCTS:
ERINA Symbolic User-mode Debugger for OS9 $69.00
SERINA System-mode Debugger for OS9 Level 2 $139.00
MSF MS-DOS File Manager for CoCo3/OS9 L2 $45.00
MSF with SDISK3 $65.00
Shipping — N. America: $5, Overseas: $10
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U.S.: P.O. Box 8000-499, Sumas, WA 98295
CANADA: P.O. Box 8000-499, Abbotsford, B.C. V2S 6H1
Phone:(604)853-9118
OS9 ts a trademark of Microwaro Systems Corp.,
MS-DOS is a trademark ol Microsoft Corp.
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with Coco Cable 109
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Ohio residents add 5.5% Salss Tax COD add 2.50
166
THE RAINBOW
July 1988
/
( I ) = "0" THEN OC = OC
+ 1 ELSE XC = XC + 1
1 X
V
270 223
3Qn 1Q9
2 20 NEXT
230 IF OC <> XC THEN GOTO 450
610 5
END 87
240 IF OC < 3 THEN GOTO 2 60
250 GOSUB 530: IF DN <> THEN G
OTO 450
Listing 3: DflTAMAKR
260 IF OC = THEN MN = 5 ELSE I
F OC = 1 THEN MN = 4 ELSE IF OC
ljS0 ' INITIALIZES "TICTACTO" WOR
= 2 THEN MN = 3 ELSE IF OC =
KING FILE FOR PLAY
3 THEN MN = 2 ELSE MN = 1
110 CLS
270 LSET B$ = CHR$ ( ) : LSET C$
120 PRINT "INITIALIZE TICTACTO"
= CHR$ ( ) : LSET D$ = CHR$ (
130 OPEN "D", #1, "TICTACTO", 18
) : LSET E$ = CHR$ ( ) : L
140 OPEN "0", #2, "TTTDIR"
SET F$ = CHR$ ( ) : LSET G$ = CH
150 FIELD #1, 9 AS X$, 1 AS B$ ,
R$ ( ) : LSET H$ = CHR$ ( ) :
1 AS C$, 1 AS D$, 1 AS E$, 1 AS
LSET 1$ = CHR$( ) : LSET J$
F$, 1 AS G$, 1 AS H$, 1 AS
= CHR$( )
1$, 1 AS J$
280 FOR I = 1 TO 9
16J8 DIM A$( 9 )
290 IF I = 1 THEN IF A$( 1 ) = "
170 C = -1: PC = 1
-" THEN LSET B$ = CHR$ ( MN )
180 FOR I = 1 TO 9: A$( I ) = "-
300 IF I = 2 THEN IF A$ ( 2 ) = "
": NEXT
-" THEN LSET C$ = CHR$ ( MN )
190 BC = 0: OC = 0: XC =
310 IF I = 3 THEN IF A$ ( 3 ) = "
200 C = C + 1
-" THEN LSET D$ = CHR$ ( MN )
210 FOR I = 1 TO 9: IF A$( I ) =
320 IF I = 4 THEN IF A$ ( 4 ) = "
"-" THEN BC = BC + 1 ELSE IF A$
-" THEN LSET E$ = CHR$ ( MN )
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"I cannot imagine the CoCo 3 without ADOS-3;
it would not be a complete machine."
The RAINBOW, July 1987
You've moved up lo a CoCo 3. A powerful new machine. Now. it's time to
give BASIC a shol In Ihe arm, with ADOS-3. Wouldn'l II be nice lo turn on your
machine and be greeted by an 80-column disploy. In the colors ot your
choice, with your own custom startup message? To run routinely at 2 MHz
(double speed) without having to slow down tor disk and printer operations?
This and much, much more is possible with ADOS-3. our CoCo 3 adaptation
ol Ihe acclaimed original ADOS, which shares the original's virtual 100%
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Into Ihe Disk BASIC ROM sockel. or just use it in RAM as a disk utility. (EPROM
+ burning will cost $15-20; we provide Information concerning how you can
have this done.) Supports double-sidea drives (35, 40. or 80 tracks). FAST and
SLOW commands, auto line number prompts, RUNM command, keystroke
macros, arrow-key scroll tnrough BASIC programs, auloedit ot error line, and
many more valuable leatures.
"ON A SCALE OF 1 TO 10. I RATE ADOS-3 A SOLID 15." RAINBOW, 7/87
Disk S34 95 Original ADOS lor CoCo 1 or 2 . S27 v5 (See 6187 RAINBOW review)
Original ADOS plus ADOS-3 $50.00
THE PEEPER
ML program tracer thai mullltasks with the target program An excellent
learning tool tor Ihe ML novice: an Invaluable debugging aid tor the expert.
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Disk S23.95 Assembler source llsling . . Add S3.00
MONITOR CABLES for CoCo 3
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Miami. Florida 33176
.. (305) 274-3899Day or Eve
No delay on personal checks • Please add S2 00 shipping • Sorry no credit cards or COD'S ,
July 1988
THE RAINBOW
167
Frank Hogg Laboratory
12 Years of Service, Support, and Friendly Help!
DISC^Y^PRICE LIST
CoCo Hard Drive Kits
KIT INCLUDES: Burke & Burke (B&B) XT PC interface. Hard drive with
controller, 3 foot ST506 cable set. Hard Drive Case with 60 watt power supply
and fan. Includes OS9 LI and LII software. 1 megabyte transfer in 45 seconds!
Type ahead under OS9. Complete instructions. Basy one evening assembly.
NFvV I OWFR * -»
20 Meg Kit Complete 60MS 2J\ pricesm jST * 4 9 8 .
30 Meg Kit Complete 60MS RlfflA/vW^ * 5 48. 00
40 Meg Kit Complete 60MS *6 18.00
80 Meg Kit Complete 28MS 99 6.00
Assemble and test any of the above add 5 0.00
OPTIONS:
B&B Real Time Clock (add to above) 3 0.00
B&B XT ROM Auto Boot from hard disk 19.95
B&B Hyper I/O run DECB on hard drive 2 9.95
B&B Hyper HI Ramdisk/spoolcr for above 19.95
FBU Fast Hard disk Back Up 75.00
CoCo FHL High Speed Hard Drive Kits
KIT INCLUDES: FHL I1CA/WD High Speed interface. Hard drive with WD
1002-05 controller, STS06 cable set, 4 fool 40 pin cable, Hard Drive Case with
60 wall power supply and fan, OS9 software for I.I and LII with source, Complete
instructions. Easy one evening assembly.
C INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS: Size is the same as a floppy controller.
Interfaces the WD 1002-05 controller to the CoCo. This controller handles 3
hard and 4 floppy drives. Type ahead under OS9 for both floppy and hard
drive. Includes OS9 LI and LII software with source. Autoboot ROM included to
boot from floppy or hard drive. Supports OSS only. I megabyte transfer in 37
seconds!) ,
*725.00
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1260.00
60.00
128.00
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PRICESI
20 Meg High Speed Kit Complete 1
40 Meg High Speed Kit Complete
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Assemble & Test any of the above add
OPTIONS:
Floppy Drive (Mounted in case)
FBU Fast Hard disk Back Up
$150.00
Hard Drive Bits and Pieces
B&B XT PC style interface 6 9.95
B&B XT RTC interface w/clock/calendar 9 9.95
(Call for Hard Drive and Kit prices)
FHL HCA/WD High Speed Interface *99.95
WD 1002-05 High Speed for FHL Interface * 1 9 6 .
(Supports both Hard and Floppy drives)
(Call for Hard Drive prices)
Hard Drive case with 60W P/S and Fan *98.00
(Can also be used for floppy drives)
SPECIFICATIONS: size 16" deep, 5.5" high, 7" wide. 60 Watt power supply
with 3 drive type power connectors, quiet 12 volt DC fan, LED power indicator,
color matches CoCo. Holds 2 1/2 height hard or floppy drives and has card
guided space for a PCB the size of a drive (like the WD1002-05 controller)
Cables
ST506 Hard drive to controller set 36" 35.00
ST506 Hard drive to controller set 12" 28.00
FHL HCA/WD 40 Pin, 2 connectors 48" 25.00
Floppy cable 34 pin, 2 connectors 36" 20.00
Floppy Drives (5.25" and 3.5" FLOPPY DISKS)
TEAC High Quality Drives - 1 Year Warr.
FD55B 360K 40 Track DS 5.25" 118.00
FD55F 720K 80 Track DS 5.25: 151.00
FD35F 720K 80 Track DS 3.5" 147.00
(Bare drives, requires case and power supply)
CoCo OS9 Level II w/512K Software**
The Wiz $79.95 69.95
FEATURES: Mac-Like interface with windows, icxi and binary upload/download
with xmodem, kcrmii, on line HELP. AUTOLOGGING, Macros. VT52
emulation. Usage log and much more. The Wiz requires a RS232 Pak or
similar device, LII and 512K.
Sculptor (BIG SALE!!!) $450.00
Database - 4th generation language
149.00
DynaStar Word Processor $150.00 125.00
FEATURES: Best OS9 editor/word processor/text formatter, has everything
you would expect and more, keyboard macros, supports terminals and windows
simultaneously, configurable, aulo-indcnt for C and Pascal programming, index
and contents generation, mail merge, bug free, solid, works with big files and
much more. New manual makes it easier to use than ever. Most popular word
processor since 1982!
DynaSpell spelling checker S94.50 45.00
by Dale Puckctt
Font Editor $29.95 19.95
Super Sleuth disassembler $50.00 45.00
FBU Fast Hard disk Back Up $150.00 75.00
B&B Wild and MV 19.95
Books
Inside OS9 Level II
$39.95
29.95
ORDERING INFORMATION VISA and M/C. NY residents add 1% sales
lax. US shipping add S3. 50. Please call for Air Express shipping.
Send for FREE FHL NewsLetter and catalog.
**Most or our software requires OS9 LII and 512K.
* New LOWER PRICES!!!
Frank Hogg Laboratory, Inc.
770 James Street - Syracuse, NY 13203
Telex 646740
Call 315/474-7856
HARD DISK
SYSTEMS
INFORMATION
For ihc best and faslcsl hard disk systems, trust Frank
Hogg Laboratory.
At Frank Hogg Laboratory, wc have taken over 3 years of
knowledge and expertise in the manufacture of the well
known QT 68000 based computers and applied it to the
CoCo. Many of the components used in our hard disk
systems arc the same as that used in the QT!
Hard disk systems have been available for the CoCo for
some years now, most are good reliable systems.
However wc have two new systems for the CoCo that arc
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even more so. Bui ihcy arc both faster and less
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Our top of the line system features Bruce Istcd's interface
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ahead for bolh floppy and hard disk, auto boot OS9
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Disadvantage; docs not support DECB. This is the
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XT RTC interface. This interface uses popular and
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the least expensive hard disk system available today. Not
as fast as the Istcd system but faster than any other system
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Disadvantage; requires a mulii-pak.
Note: DECB support and other software options arc
listed on our price Hsu
QT OOx 68000 &
QT 20x 68020
Computers
These powerful computers are now
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tfer them to you at
Sculptor for the C&Co In with OS9 Level IT is
[ONLY $ 1 49 I
$149 is below distributor cost! The list price is $450!! Once they arc
gone the prices will go back to normal. This is a great opportunity to buy
the most powerful Database/4th Generation Language available today!!. *
Requires OS9 LD and 512K.
They won't last long.
Hurry and get yours today!!! !
Also on SALE Sculptor MS/DOS *149
Sculptor OS9/68K $295
J
See Dale Puckett's February and March
1988 Rainbow columns for more
information on this great package.
ORDERING INFORMATION VISA and M/C. NY rcsidcnls add 7% sales tax. US shipping
add S3.50. Please call for Air Express shipping.
Send for your FREE FHL NewsLetter and Catalog.
* Most of our software requires OS9 LII and S12K.
Frank Hogg Laboratory, Inc.
770 James Street - Syracuse, NY 13203
Telex 646740
Call 315/474-7856
330 IF I = 5 THEN IF A$ ( 5 ) = "
-" THEN LSET F$ = CHR$ ( MN )
340 IF I = 6 THEN IF A$ ( 6 ) = "
-" THEN LSET G$ = CHRS ( MN )
350 IF I = 7 THEN IF A$ ( 7 ) = "
-" THEN LSET H$ = CHR$ ( MN )
3 60 IF I = 8 THEN IF A$ ( 8 ) = "
-" THEN LSET 1$ = CHR$ ( MN )
370 IF I = 9 THEN IF A$ ( 9 ) - "
-" THEN LSET J$ = CHR$ ( MN )
3 80 NEXT I
390 Y$ = A$( 1 ) + A$( 2 ) + A$(
3 ) + A$( 4 ) + A$( 5 ) + A$( 6
) + A$( 7 ) + A$( 8 ) + A$
( 9 )
400 LSET X$ = Y$
410 PUT#1, PC
420 PRINT#2, C
430 PC = PC + 1
440 PRINT ".";
450 1=9
460 IF A$( I ) = »-•• THEN A$ ( I
) = "0": GOTO 470 ELSE IF A$ ( I
) = "O" THEN A$( I ) = "X
": GOTO 470 ELSE A$ ( I ) = "-":
IF I <> 1 THEN 1=1-1: GOTO
4 60 ELSE GOTO 480
470 GOTO 190
480 CLOSE
490 PRINT "TICTACTO INITIALIZED"
500 PRINT "COUNT=" ; PC - 1
510 END
520 ' ===========================
530 ' TEST FOR DONE SUBROUTINE
540 CT =
550 FOR I = 1 TO 9
560 IF A$( I ) <> "-" THEN CT =
CT + 1
570 NEXT
580 IF CT = 9 THEN DN = 1: GOTO
740
590 Z$ = A$( 1 ) + A$( 2 ) + A$(
3 ) : GOSUB 7 60
600 IF DN <> THEN GOTO 740
610 Z$ = A$( 4 ) + A$( 5 ) + A$(
6 ) : GOSUB 760
620 IF DN <> THEN GOTO 740
630 Z$ = A$( 7 ) + A$( 8 ) + A$ (
9 ) : GOSUB 7 60
640 IF DN <> THEN GOTO 740
650 Z$ = A$( 1 ) + A$( 4 ) + A$(
7 ) : GOSUB 7 60
660 IF DN <> THEN GOTO 740
670 Z$ = A$( 2 ) + A$( 5 ) + A$(
8 ) : GOSUB 760
680 IF DN <> THEN GOTO 7 40
690 Z$ = A$( 3 ) + A$( 6 ) + A$ (
9 ) : GOSUB 7 60
700 IF DN <> THEN GOTO 740
710 Z$ = A$( 7 ) + A$( 5 ) + A$(
3 ) : GOSUB 760
720 IF DN <> THEN GOTO 740
730 Z$ = A$( 1 ) + A$( 5 ) + A$(
9 ) : GOSUB 7 60
740 RETURN
750 i
7 60 ■ EVALUATE
770 IF Z$ = "XXX" THEN DN = -1:
GOTO 800
780 IF Z$ = "000" THEN DN = 3 : G
OTO 800
790 DN =
800 RETURN
310 23 1050 127
480 134 1220 39
680 77 END 62
830 104
Listing 4: TICTACTO
100 ' TIC-TAC-TOE DRIVER PROGRAM
110 '===========================
120 CLS
130 PRINT "READING DIRECTORY"
140 DIM D( 2423 ), R( 5 ), F( 5
), A$( 9 ) , BD( 9 )
15 i
160 OPEN "I", #1, "TTTDIR.DAT"
170 FOR I = 1 TO 2423
180 INPUT#1, D( I )
190 PRINT ".";
200 NEXT I
210 CLOSE 1
220 CLS
230 PRINT "DIRECTORY IN MEMORY"
240 '
250 OPEN "D", #2, "TICTACTO.DAT"
,18
2 60 FIELD#2, 9 AS B$ , 1 AS C$ , 1
AS D$, 1 AS E$, 1 AS F$, 1 AS G
$, 1 AS H$, 1 AS 1$, 1 A
S J$, 1 AS K$
270 '===========================
280 FOR I = 1 TO 300: NEXT
290 CLS
300 FOR I = 1 TO 9: A$ ( I ) = "-
": NEXT
310 FOR 1=1 TO 5: R( I ) =-1:
NEXT
320 RP = 1: FP = 1
330 CLS
3 40 PRINT " 12 3"
170
THE RAINBOW July 1988
350 PRINT " 4 5 6"
3 60 PRINT " 7 8 9"
370 PRINT: PRINT
380 PRINT® 207, A$ ( 1 ); » » ; A$
( 2 ) ; » « ; A$ ( 3 )
390 PRINT9 239, A$ ( 4 ) ; " " ; A$
( 5 ) ; » " ; A$ ( 6 )
400 PRINT@271, A$ ( 7 ); " » ; A$ (
8 ) ; ■' " ; A$ ( 9 )
410 ' GET MACHINE'S MOVE AND TES
T FOR DONE
420 GOSUB 580
430 GOSUB 830
440 IF DN <> THEN PRINT© 3 20,
>' ii
450 IF DN = 3 THEN PRINT? 3 20, "
I WIN": GOSUB 1190: GOTO 280
460 IF DN = 1 THEN PRINT@ 320, "
DRAW": GOSUB 1190: GOSUB 280
470 PRINT@ 3 20, "
ii .
480 ' GET HUMAN'S MOVE AND TEST
FOR DONE
490 PRINT @3 20, "YOUR MOVE:";: I
NPUT I
500 IF A$( I ) <> "-" THEN GOTO
470
510 A$( I ) = "X"
520 Y$ = "X": GOSUB 1130
530 GOSUB 830
540 IF DN <> THEN PRINT© 3 20,
ii ii
550 IF DN = -1 THEN PRINT@320, "
YOU WIN!": GOSUB 1190: GOTO 280
560 GOTO 420
570 '===========================
580 ■ NEXT MACHINE MOVE SUBROUTI
NE
590 TC =
600 FOR I = 1 TO 9
610 X$ = A$( I )
620 IF X$ = "X" THEN C = 2 ELSE
IF X$ = "0" THEN C = 1 ELSE C =
?
630 TC = TC * 3 + C
640 NEXT I
65 i
660 ' NOW HAVE BASE 3 CONFIGURAT
ION VALUE - FIND RECORD #
670 IF A$( 1 ) = "-" THEN K = 1
ELSE IF A$ ( 1 ) = "O" THEN K = 9
69 ELSE IF A$( 1 ) = "X
" THEN K - 169 6
680 FOR I = K TO 2423: IF D( I )
= TC THEN GOTO 690 ELSE NEXT
690 GET#2, I: R( RP ) = I: RP =
RP + 1
700 BD( 1 ) = ASC( C$ ): BD( 2 )
= ASC( D$ ): BD( 3 ) = ASC( E$
f~"
The
THE COLOR COMPUTER MONTHLY MAGAZINE
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July 1988 THE RAINBOW 171
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p.
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a
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U
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D
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a
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G
RAINBOW INDEX A complete index to the tirst three years, July 1981 through June
1984, is printed in the July 1984 issue. Separate copies are available for $2.50 D
The Fourth and Filth Year Indexes including rainbow on tape are in the July
1985 and July 1986 issues, respectively. The Sixth Year Index is in the July 1987
TOTAL .
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) : BD ( 4 ) = ASC (
F$ ) : B
D( 5 ) = ASC( G$ ) : BD( €
) = AS
C( H$ ) : BD( 7 ) = ASC( 1$ ) :
BD( 8 ) = ASC( J$ ) :
BD( 9 )
= ASC( K$ )
710 CT =
720 FOR I = 1 TO 9: CT =
CT + BD
( I ) : NEXT
730 C = RND( CT )
740 CT =
750 FOR I = 1 TO 9
7 60 CT = CT + BD( I ) : IF CT >=
C THEN GOTO 7 80
770 NEXT
780 F( FP ) = I: FP = FP
+ 1
790 A$( I ) = "O"
800 Y$ = "O": GOSUB 1130
810 RETURN
8 30 > TEST FOR DONE SUBROUTINE
840 X$ = A$( 1 ) + A$( 2
) + A$(
3 ) : GOSUB 1070
850 IF DN <> THEN GOTO
1050
860 X$ = A$( 4 ) + A$( 5
) + A$(
6 ) : GOSUB 1070
870 IF DN <> THEN GOTO
1050
880 X$ = A$( 7 ) + A$( 8
) + A$(
9 ) : GOSUB 1070
890 IF DN <> THEN GOTO
1050
900 X$ = A$( 1 ) + A$( 4
) + A$(
7 ) : GOSUB 1070
910 IF DN <> THEN GOTO
1050
920 X$ = A$( 2 ) + A$( 5
) + A$(
8 ) : GOSUB 1070
930 IF DN <> THEN GOTO
1050
940 X$ = A$( 3 ) + A$( 6
) + A$(
9 ) : GOSUB 1070
950 IF DN <> THEN GOTO
1050
960 X$ = A$( 7 ) + A$( 5
) + A$(
3 ) : GOSUB 1070
970 IF DN <> THEN GOTO
1050
980 X$ = A$( 1 ) + A$( 5
) + A$(
9 ) : GOSUB 1070
990 IF DN <> THEN GOTO
1050
1000 CT =
1010 FOR I = 1 TO 9
1020 IF A$( I ) <> "-" THEN CT =
CT + 1
1030 NEXT
1040 IF CT = 9 THEN DN =
1
1050 RETURN
1070 ' EVALUATE
1080 IF X$ = "XXX" THEN
DN = -1:
GOTO 1110
1090 IF X$ = "OOO" THEN
DN = 3:
GOTO 1110
1100 DN =
1110 RETURN
172
THE RAINBOW July 1988
-i i 9 (A »
1240 IF BD( F( I ) ) < 1 THEN BD
( F ( I ) ) = 1
========
1250 IF BD( F( I ) ) > 255 THEN
1130 ' DISPLAY OR X ON SCREEN
BD( F ( I ) ) = 255
IN PROPER POSITION
12 60 LSET C$ = CHR$( BD( 1 ) ):
1140 IF I < 4 THEN PRINT@207 + (
LSET D$ = CHR$ ( BD ( 2 ) ) : LSET
I - 1 ) * 2, Y$;: GOTO 1170
E$ = CHR$( BD( 3
1150 IF I < 7 THEN PRINT@239 + (
) )
I - 4 ) * 2, Y$;: GOTO 1170
1270 LSET F$ = CHR$ ( BD( 4 ) ):
1160 PRINT® 271 + ( I - 7 ) * 2,
LSET G$ = CHR$ ( BD ( 5 ) ) : LSET
Y$;
H$ = CHR$( BD( 6
1170 RETURN
) )
1280 LSET 1$ = CHR$( BD( 7 ) ):
LSET J$ = CHR$ ( BD ( 8 ) ) : LSET
K$ = CHR$( BD( 9
1190 ■ REWARD/ PUNISHMENT AND HIS
) )
TORY FILE
1290 PUT#2, R( I )
1200 FOR I = 1 TO 5
1210 IF R( I ) = -1 THEN 1320 EL
1300 NEXT
SE GET#2, R( I )
1320 OPEN "D", #1, "HISTORY", 1
1220 BD( 1 ) = ASC( C$ ) : BD ( 2
1330 FIELD#1, 1 AS U$
) = ASC( D$ ): BD( 3 ) = ASC( E$
1340 IF DN = 3 THEN V$ = "W" ELS
) : BD( 4 ) = ASC( F$ ) :
E IF DN = 1 THEN V$ = "D" ELSE V
BD( 5 ) = ASC( G$ ) : BD( 6 ) = A
$ = "L"
SC( H$ ) : BD( 7 ) = ASC( 1$ ) :
13 50 LSET U$ = V$
BD( 8 ) = ASC( J$ ) : BD( 9
13 60 R = LOF( 1 ) : PUT#1, R + 1
) = ASC( K$ )
1370 CLOSE 1
1230 BD( F( I ) ) = BD( F( I ) )
13 80 RETURN
+ DN
/5?\
New, Lowest Prices Ever On Interfaces
Model 101
Serial to Parallel Printer Interface
Works with any COCO
Compatible with "Centronics" Parallel Input Printers
Just turn the knob to select any one of 6 baud rates 300-9600
Comes complete with cables to connect to your printer
and computer
Can be powered by most printers
Model 104 Deluxe Interface
with "Modem Switch"
* Same Features as 101 Plus
* Built in Serial Port tor your Modem or other serial device
* Switch between Serial Output and Parallel Output
* Comes with cables to connect to your computer and printer
* Can be powered by most printers
Model 105 Serial Switch
*
Connects to your COCO to give you 2 switch selectable
Serial Ports
Comes with a 3 toot cable to connect to your computer
Now you can connect your Printer (or printer interlace)
and your Modem (or other serial device) to your COCO
and Hip the switch to use either device
Does not require power
Cassette Label Printing Program
New Version 2.1 prints 7 lines ot information
on Cassette labels
Comes on Tape with Instructions to transfer to disk
Menu driven, very easy to use
Save and Load Labels from Tape and Disk
Uses the features of your printer to print standard.
expanded, and condensed characters
Automatically Centers Each Line ot Text
Allows editing of label before printing
Program comes with 24 labels to get you started
16KECB required
Some ot the Printers
That Can -
Supply power tor the 101 and
1 04 are Radio Shack, Star,
Okidata. Brother. Juki, and
Smith Corona.
Some ot the Printers
That Cannot -
Supply power for the interfaces
are Epson. Seikosha,
Panasonic. Silver Reed and
NEC. II your printer cannot
supply power to the interface
you can order your interface
with the "P" option or you can
supply your own AC adapter.
We recommend the Radio
Shack 273-1431 AC adapter
wilh a 274-328 connector
adapter.
Write or call tor more
information or tor technical
assistance.
Price List
Model 101 35.95
ModeMOIP 41.95
Model 104 44.95
Model 104P 51.95
Model 105 14.95
Cassette Label Program 6.95
Pin Feed Cassette Labels:
White 3.00/100
Colors (specify) 3.60/C
Red-Blue- Yellow-Tan
C-10 Cassette
Tapes 7.50/dozen
Cassette Storage
Boxes 2.50/dozen
4 Pin Din Serial
COCO Cables:
Male/Male 6 foot 4.49
Male/Female 6 loot 4.49
Female/Female 6 loot 4.49
Other Lengths Available.
All Items covered by a
1 year warranty
Ordering Info
* Free Shipping in the
U.S.A. and Canada
(except AK and HI)
on all orders over $50
* On orders under $50 please
add $2.50 for shipping
and handling
* On orders outside the
U.S.A. and Canada please
write or call for shipping
charges
You Can Pay By:
* VISA or MasterCard
* COD. -add $2.25
* Or send check or money
order payable in U.S. funds
Metric Industries Inc.
Cincinnati, OH 45242
P.O. Box 42396
(513)677-0796
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 173
RAINBOWTECH
OS-9
Sending the Right
Signals
By Dale L. Puckett
Rainbow Contributing Editor
Our project to write a "shell"
program that will give you a
starting point for all of your
BASIC09 application programs is pro-
gressing like the infamous race between
the tortoise and the hare. 1 feel like the
tortoise. The hare's ahead at this point,
but I'm inching up on him.
Last month, we began the MVShell
project with the code needed to create
a window on your Color Computer 3.
That window had a frame around the
edge and a menu bar on top. The menu
bar displayed only one menu title, the
Tandy hourglass icon, which gives you
access to the desk accessories that
Tandy includes in the Multi-Vue pack-
age. This month we add to the initial
window effort and enter the fascinating
world of OS-9 signals. You'll want to
follow the two tutorial programs Sig-
TesiOne and SigTesiTwo closely. They
contain a kernel of information you'll
need to really start understanding
multitasking, background processing
and other OS-9 magic.
Dale L. Pucka t, a freelance writer and
programmer, serves as director-at-large
of the OS-9 Users Group and is a
member of the Computer Press Associ-
ation. His username on Delphi is
DALEP: on packet-radio, KOHYD @
N4QQ; on GEnie. D.PUCKETT2; and
on CIS, 71446,736.
After this month's additions.
MVShell will display the same window.
However, you'll now see the titles for
the standard Files and Edit menu. We
emphasize standard here, because that's
really the point behind the MVShell
project. If we all write our OS-9 Multi-
Vue application programs in the same
manner, using the same set of menus,
etc., we will soon defeat the OS-9
learning curve.
After you have learned how to run
one program, you will know how to run
them all. Only the internal details of the
problem your program solves will be
different. For example, after the stand-
ard is in place you will be able to save
the words you've typed with your new
word processor using the same menu or
keystrokes you used to save your KISS-
Draw art. You'll start your spelling
checker the same way you start your
word processor. You'll open files, create
files, save files and delete files in the
same manner — no matter what pro-
gram you're running.
My sources tell me that a meeting of
CoCo OS-9 gurus is planned - cross
your fingers and read this as "was held"
at RAINBOWfest Chicago to set the
standard for the Multi-Vue clipboard.
After this standard is defined and
developers start using it, you'll be able
to mark objects — or a number of
characters if you're using a word proc-
essor — and copy them to the clipboard.
Once they are in the clipboard, you will
be able to paste them back at another
location in your drawing or story.
If the standard is broad enough,
maybe you'll be able to copy a couple
of objects from your drawing program
and then paste them into your word
processor. People are doing it every day
on a number of computers. Defining
standards and using them will let us do
the same things on the Color Computer.
These are indeed exciting times.
If standardization doesn't turn you
on, you'll find many additional benefits
in an MV5hell-type program! For ex-
ample, once you have MVShel 1 , you will
never need to write code to take care of
a program's housekeeping functions
again — MVShell will create windows,
handle menus, track the mouse, open
files, save files, etc., for you. All you will
need to do is write the functional code
that takes care of the tasks unique to
your application program.
Additionally, if you use the code
we're developing in MVShell, you will
always have the standard Tandy desk
accessory programs available for use
from within your own BAS1C09 Multi-
Vue applications. In fact, you could
take this lead one step further and add
a number of your own desk accessories
under the Tandy menu. Or, you could
remove the Tandy desk accessories you
174
THE RAINBOW July 1988
Listing l:MVShell
PROCEDURE
9999
W38
?S>3B
0B77
PB92
9?95
88C8
80FD
9137
$1166
9197
91CD
JJ213
9253
9294
92CF
939C
0314
?317
SJ352
93BD
93CA
8499
9418
?419
942F
943E
9449
945 5
9450
9465
9473
9474
9475
94A3
94C7
94C8
94ED
94F6
94F7
9533
9568
9583
9598
95AE
95AF
95DA
95E9
95EA
95F1
95F9
95FA
9619
9634
9659
9665
967A
968F
9699
96D3
9716
MVSholl
(* HVShell -- The beginning of an adventure in Multi-Vue
(*
(* You'll need chis code in each Basic99 Application program
(* you write for Multi-Vue.
(*
(* First, we create Basic99 Typo statements
{* that emulate the C header files presented in the Multi-Vue
(* documentation and supplied as part of the Tandy Program
C* Developers package. A quick SysCall routine
(* at the end lets you see that your definitions
(* actually work. We've added the File and Edit menus
(* and will show you how to add your own menus. Bo "11 also be showing
<* you how to sot up a mouse routine that runs in the background
<* and sends signals to your application when the user clicks tho
(* mouso button. When we finish this "Shell" or "skeleton"
(* application, all you'll need will be your own application
(* code.
(*
(* Firsc, we oust define the variables we will use in every
(* Multi-Vue based program. These definitions use the same
(* names as the C header files that come with the Developers
(* Pak. Our first group of definitions is an emulation of tho
C* Mlnd.H file.
(* General definitions
DIM Null. CallCode.FunCodo: BYTE
DIM StdIn,StdOut:BYTE
DIM EndStr:STRING[l]
Null: -9
EndStr: -CURS (Null)
StdOut:-! \StdIn:-9
C* Define 6899 registers so we can use tho got
(* and set status calls with syscall
TYPE Raglscers-cc,a.b.dp:BYTE;
DIH Regs: Registers
:.y,u: INTEGER
(* Window type dofs. Thoy tell the tflndlnt codo within OS-9
(* what type of bo» you want to create on the screen.
DIH WT_NBox.WT_FUin.WT_FSUin.UT SBox.tfT_DBox,9T PBpox:INTEGER
WT_NBox:-9 \WT_FWin:-l \HT_FSWin:-2
WT~SBox:-3 \WT~DBox:-4 \W]TPBox:-5
DIM MNEnbl.HNDsbl: BYTE \(* MV talk for Enable and MNDsbl
HNEnbl:-! \HNDsbl : -Null
DTM HINSync: INTEGER
UINSync:-$C9C9
DIM MN_Hove,MN_01os,MN_Grow,MN_ascrl.HN_Dscrl.MN_Rscrl.MN_Lscrl
:BYTE
DIM MN_Tndy.MN_Fllo.HN_£dic.MN_Styl.HN_Fonc,HN_Char:BYTE
HN_Move:-l \MN_Clos:-2 \MN_Grow:-3 \HN_Uscrl: -4
MN_Dscrl:-5 \MN_Rscrl:-6 \MN_Lscrl:-7
MN Tndy:-29 \MH~Ftle:-21 \HN~Edlc:-22
MN_Styl:-23 \HN~Font:-24 \MN~Char:-8
C* Here are some more definitions you'll need In almost all -of your
(* Basic99 / Hulci-Vuo application programs. This group cakes care
(* of che many buffers used within OS-9 Level II.
never use and substitute your own. The
ability to instantly run a desk accessory
program from a program of your own
will immediately improve the quality of
your life at the Color Computer key-
board.
If you haven't gotten around to en-
tering MVShell from the June issue of
rainbow, feel free to skip that version
and dig right into this month's code.
Everything that was presented last
month is included here. If you're just
joining our MVShel 1 series, you'll notice
that we used the same variable names
in this program that Tandy uses in its
assembly language and C Defs files. We
hope this will help keep the terminology
standard across all languages and make
it easier for BAS1C09 programmers to
communicate with the assembly lan-
guage and C gurus.
Because BASIC09 does not have built-
in Define statements like C and PAS-
CAL, we had to improvise. Essentially,
we just used a variable to hold our
definitions. However, you must note
one important point here. Before we
defined or initialized any variable to a
preset value, we used BASIC09's TYPE
and DIM statements lo ensure that the
data held by our variables was exactly
the same shape as that used by assembly
language and C and PASCAL pro-
grammers.
This data typing is extremely impor-
tant here because before we have com-
pleted MVShel 1 we will have added
dozens of SysCalls throughout the
program. SysCall passes data directly
to the internals of OS-9. If you pass OS-
9 an integer when it expects and only
has room for a byte, it will most likely
choke. Your program will crash.
Hey, Joe! Send me a "Signal"!
While the theory behind an idea may
be simple, implementing that same idea
DMC "No Halt" Disk Controller
CoCo 3 ^^^
Did you know?
. . . thai all the older (loppy disk controllers tor the
CoCo completely tie up (and even halt) the 6809 pro-
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your keyboard is constantly "losing" characters! Or
thai your serial port often gives you garbage.
Unleash your CoCo's potential!
Our new Dual Mode Controller (DMC) implements a new
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to disk all by Itself. The 6809 is freed to process other
tasks and respond to Interrupts. This Is how OS-9 was
meant lo run! But the Radio Shack "halt" mode of
operation is also retained to maintain full compatibility
with existing non-OS-9 software.
Fr««I Disk caching software included can speed up
OS-9 disk accesses.
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• works with original CoCo, CoCo 2, or CoCo
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• gold plated card-edge connectors lor reliability
• ROM socket takes 24 pin or 28 pin chip; dual DOS capability
• Radio Shack DOS 1.1 ROM installed
• 8K bytes cache memory on board (32K optional)
• D.R Johnson's SDISK package (specially modified lor DMC) is
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• aluminum case
• fully assembled and tested; 120 day limited warranty
To ordar: DMC controller with RSDOS 1.1 and SDISK (specify
OS-9 Level I or II) $149.50 plus $5 S/H ($12 overseas). Add $16
lor 32K RAM option. Terms (prices in SUS); check, money
order, VISA. U.S.A. orders shipped via UPS Irom WA stale.
(Also ask about our ST-2900
6809 based expandable
single board computer)
(604)255-4485 (Pad lie Time)
July 1988
THE RAINBOW
175
is often a different story. That's the
situation we ran into with MVShel 1. We
started with the desire to emulate the
assembly language or C "intercept"
function in a BASIC09 program. Before
we were through, we had tested two
completely different approaches. 1 hope
our examples will encourage you to
experiment and give you a few ideas
about how you can find out what is
actually going on inside your program.
First, however, let's review a few of the
things we learned during the KISSDraw
series.
In the November column you were
introduced to the concept of event-
oriented programming — a concept
that has given birth to a new generation
of productive computer users. Before
event-oriented programming hit the
Coast, the computer dictated the How
of a program. Today, you control the
flow.
When you click the mouse button on
your Color Computer, you generate an
event. The flow of the program after
you push that button depends on the
type of event you initialed. Remember
the main event loop that forms the heart
of every Macintosh application pro-
gram. Take another look at the English
language code below. We're going to
give you the basics you'll need to create
the same main event loop with a BASIC09
program. Next month, we hope to put
one together for you.
REPEAT
Get an event from the event
queue
Determine what type of event it is
Respond to the event if appropriate
UNTIL the application is terminated
We used this model when we wrote
the main loop for KISSDraw. Our "do
forever" loop continuously polled the
mouse with a "get status" call. When the
button was pushed, we determined
where the mouse was located. This
position dictated the action the pro-
gram would need to take. If the mouse
pointer was in the toolbox, we then
determined the tool and let you use it
to draw an object on the screen. When
you finished with the tool, our program
continued to circulate through the main
event loop until you pushed the button
again.
Multi-Vue programs use a similar
strategy. However, there's a big differ-
ence between them and the KISSDraw
model. Muhi- Vue programs use signals
sent by the mouse to determine when
and where they need to do something.
0747
(1748
0763
0772
0791
f>7A0
07BB
07CA
JJ7CB
JJ81?
0823
(1824
j)846
084D
{3854
j)8SB
0862
0869
J»870
0871
0884
(J8BH
(1892
|3899
089A
(I8B6
|38BD
08C4
08CB
08D2
08D9
08E9
08E7
08E8
090B
9912
9919
9929
9921
9937
993E
9945
994C
9953
99 5A
9961
9968
096F
9976
9977
09C1
0A0C
0A27
0A28
0A99
0A9A
0AA3
0AA4
9AE8
0AE9
0B10
0B1F
0B20
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0B90
0BB0
3111)9
9BF9
0BFA
9C2C
0C2D
0C5D
0CBB
0C9F
9CA9
0CC3
0CF9
0CFA
0D18
0D5B
0DA1
DIH Grp_Font.Grp_Cllp,Grp_Ptr.Grp_Pat2.Crp P«t4.Grp Pat6:BYTE
DIM Fnt_S8x8 . Fnt~S6xB . Fnc_G8x8 : BYTE
DIM Ptr_Arr , Ptr_Pen , PtrLch , Ptr_Slp . Ptr_Ill , PtrJTxt . Ptr_Sch
:BYTE
DIM WR_Cntnt.WR_Cntrl.UR_OfVln:BYTE
DIH Pat_Sld . Pat_Doc . PatVrt , PatHrz . PatJChtc . Pat_Lsnc : BYTE
DIH Pat_Rsnc,Pat_Sdot,Pat_Bdot:BYTE
(* Now chat wa have reserved space for these variables, we'll need to
(* Initialize them.
(* First, the Buffer Group Numbers
GrpFont : -200
GrpClip :-20l
GrpPtr :-202
Grp_Pat2 1-203
Grp_Pat4 1-204
Grp~Pat6 1-205
(* The Font Buffer!
Fnt_S8x8:-l
Fnt_S6x8l-2
Fnt J38xB : -3
(* The House Pointer Buffers
Ptr_Arri-l
Ptr2Peni-2
Ptr_Lchi-3
Pcr_Slp:-4
Ptr_Ill:-5
Ptr_Txt i -6
Ptr_Schi-7
(* The Window regions for tha Mousa
WR_Cntnt:-0
WR_Cntrl:-l
WR_0fUin:-2
(* The Pattern Buffers
Pat_Sldi-0
Pac_Dot:-l
Pat~Vrt:-2
Pat_Hrr:-3
Pat_JEhtci-4
Pat_Lsnt:-5
Pat_Rsnt:-6
Pac_Sdot:-7
Pat_Bdot:-8
(* tfe must also tell our program what the mouse looks like. The following
(* data structure created with the Basic09 Type statoment is similar to the
(* one we used in KISSDraw.
TYPE rodent-valid, actv.cotniBYTE; rsrv0 : INTEGER ; tttoiBYTE; tsse
i INTEGER: cbsa , cbsb , ccta , cctb , ctsa , ttsb . tlsa , tlsb : BYTE
; rsrvl,bdx,bdy: INTEGER: stat, res: BYTE; acx.acy.wrx.wry
l INTEGER
DIH msret: rodent
<* And, we'll need a few additional definitions in our Visual Shell.
DIH _updata . wxmln , wymin , timout, follow, cur^wind.moussig.miscsig
.wait: BYTE
DIH sigcode. status, wpath: INTEGER
wxmini-40 \(* minimum screen width for our window
wymin :-24 \(* minimum screen height
updace:-3 \(* update rate for the mouse
timout :-10 \(* timeout between clicks
follow:—! \(* update cursor when mouse moves.
(* sat to zero for for no follow
cur_wlnd:-0 \(* flag to fork a process on current window
mousslg:-10 \(* signal code returned by the mouse when
(* the button is clicked and you need to check
C* a pull down menu.
mlscsig:-15 \(* miscellaneous signal code
wait:-20 \(* signal code to wait for button to be pressed
(* Window menu data structures
(* The first structure holds a menu item descriptor which includes:
(* the name of the item, a byte to tell if the item is enabled or not,
(* and five reserved bytes.
176
THE RAINBOW July 1988
?DBC
j)DBD
(JDDE
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;■•£•: d
0E71
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11A3
11A4
11E2
121E
125A
1298
12D6
1313
134D
1367
1368
1376
138B
1399
13AF
TYPE Histr-jrmttl: STRING [15]; _mlonbl:BYTE; _mlres(5) :BYTE
DIM MldScr: Wiser
(* The nexc structure holds Che definition of a menu. This includes:
(* The name of che menu, che id number of che menu, the width of the
(* menu, the number of items in the menu and a byte that tells
(* if the item is available or not. Two "reserved" bytes must be
(* lnsertod before the last field. Hake this correction in your
(* Hulti-Vue manual.
(* The final item in the structure is a pointer to the address of the
(* array of structures chat hold the individual menu items.
TYPE mnstr-jnlttl : STRING! 15 ] ; _mnld._mnxsii._mnnlt»,_mnenabl
:BYTE; _reser2 ,_mnltems: INTEGER
DIM MNDscr:mnstr
C* Tho final structure defines the contents of an untire window.
(* This Includes the title of the window, the number of menus on
(* che window, the minimum height of che window, tho minimum
<* width of the window, a special pair of synch bytes and seven
(* reserved bytes. A pointer to an array of menus --or data of
(* tho type "mnstr" -- which we Just defined.
TYPE wnstr-_wntcl:STRING(2jJ]; _nmens ,_wimin._wymin: BYTE; _wnsyne
•.INTEGER; _wnres(7) : BYTE; _wnmen ; INTEGER
ultt «ndScr:wnstr
(* After we define --or "type" -- the special data structures
(* wo need for a Multl-Vue based program, wo must initialize
(* che data in those structures. Ve start with the items wo
(* want to appear on our lone menu. Notice that we needed to
(* add a "null" characcer or 99 Hex at the end of each string.
(* tfe must do this becauso Basic?9 uses SFF hex to define the
(* end of its strings and Hulti-Vuo expects the "C" style
(* 99 hex for a delimiter.
DIM _tanitms(9):Miscr
_tanitms(l) ._mnttl:-"Calc"+EndStr
_tanitms(l) ._mienbl:-HNEnbl
_tanitms(2)._mnttl:-"Clock"+EndScr
tanitms ( 2 ) . aienbl : -HNEnbl
When the mouse button is up and their
services aren't required, these programs
can go about their business and do
something else. They service the mouse
only when you generate an event by
pushing the mouse button.
This approach is extremely impor-
tant in the Multi-Vue environment
where you may have three or four
different windows open with a different
program running in each. Each pro-
gram is sharing time with the others.
Yet, picture what would happen if a
program like KISSDraw were running
in one of the windows. Since it runs in
a tight loop that constantly reads the
mouse, it would hog much of the 6809
microprocessor's time. Other programs
running on the same Color Computer
would appear sluggish at best. A real-
world example of a program that hogs
the microprocessor is the device driver
for the bit banger port, /tl, on the rear
panel of your Color Computer. When
an OS-9 program is using this port,
other processes barely function.
Now, compare this with the true
"event-oriented" approach. In JlVShell
and many other programs designed to
run in a multitasking environment, a
process is put to sleep when it is not
actively doing anything. It awakens
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cal questions about the DISKMASTER system.
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 177
only after receiving a signal from you or
the hardware. While the process is
asleep, other programs running on the
same computer shine.
Most Multi-Vue programs emulate
the technique shown in the Macintosh
model above. Our MVShel 1 will do the
same. Our first versions of MVShel 1 will
deal with one event at a time; however,
with a little help from our friends we
may be able to show you how to set up
and handle a queue of events later on.
The Easy Approach
This month we learned once again —
and quickly — that the "easy" way is
usually not the way to go. But at least
it got us to thinking. Before we ran into
the easy way, we had been stumped.
Your mission, should you decide to
accept it, is to emulate the model below,
which forms the heart of most Multi-
Vue applications written in C:
Create Window
Initialize and start mouse
Set Intercept trap
DO
Set signal code equal to zero
Tell the mouse which signal to
send (when button is clicked)
Put process to sleep
Wake up and handle chores
(after receiving a signal)
FOREVER
When you first gaze at the algorithm
above, it looks like it should be a fairly
simple task — and it is, in assembly
language and C. However, the task
becomes a little more complicated when
you are using BASIC09; this language
does not give you a way to set an
intercept.
The brainstorm that resulted in our
easy solution — SigTestOne — fol-
lowed a telephone conversation with
OS-9 Users Group MOTD editor, Bill
Brady. Brady mentioned using BASlC09's
ON ERROR GOTO statement to trap sig-
nals from the mouse. After all, OS-9
treats a signal similar to an error. Down
the yellow brick road we traveled. I
wrote SigTestOne at the terminal and
proudly typed run.
Unfortunately, the result was nothing
to be proud of! SigTestOne did work -
almost! When I clicked the mouse
button, the program jumped to the ON
ERROR GOTO routine at Line 100 as
planned. However, the error number
reported by the program was #000 —
the signal to "kill" a process.
13BD
13D6
13E4
13FC
14JIA
1.422
143)1
1445
1453
1468
1476
148C
149A
14B4
14C2
14C3
14C4
14D2
14E6
14P4
15(J9
1517
152C
153A
1552
156?
1576
1584
1599
15A7
15A8
15B6
15CB
15D9
15ED
15FB
161(J
161E
1634
1642
1658
1666
167B
1689
168A
16AD
16AE
16B7
16CB
16D7
16E2
16ED
16F9
17JJ7
1708
1711
1725
1731
173C
1747
1753
1761
1762
176B
177E
178A
1795
17A?
17AC
17BA
17BB
18(11
184?
1883
18C9
1912
193D
193E
194C
194D
1958
1963
196E
196F
1986
1991
199C
19A7
19DD
19E9
19F7
19F8
_tanitms(3) ._mnttl:-"Calendar"+EndStr
Janltma ( 3) . jnlanbl : -HNEnbl
J:anlcms(4) .jonttl: -"Control" +EndStr
J:anlcma(4) . jnlenbl:-HNEnbl
_tanltms(5)._:nnccl:-"Princer"(-EndStr
Janltmi(5) . jnlanbl :-MNEnbl
j:anltms(6) . jnnttl:-"Port"+EndStr
_canlcma(6) .jnlenbl: -HNEnbl
j:anltms(7). jsnttl:-"Help"+EndStr
~tanitms(7) .jnlenbl: -HNEnbl
j:anltms(8) . jnntcl: -"Shell "+EndScr
~canltms(8) .jnlenbl: -HNEnbl
_tanlcoa(9) . jnnttl:-"Cllpboard"+EndStr
j:anltma(9). mlenbl:-HNDsbl
DIH filltma
jTllltms(l).
_flllcms(l),
J?lllcms<2).
_fllltm«(2).
jUlltms(3).
_f lllcma(3) .
~fllltm»(4).
J?llltma(4).
_fllltms(5).
_fllicms(5).
_flllcos(6).
_£lllcms<6).
(6):Hlstr
mnctl : -"New"+ EndStr
jnlenbl: -HNEnbl
jnnctl:-"Open"+EndStr
mlenbl: -HNEnbl
mntcl:-"Save"+EndStr
mlenbl: -HNEnbl
nnttl :-"Abandon"-fEndStr
mlenbl: -HNEnbl
mnttl: -"Print "+EndStr
mlenbl: -HNEnbl
mnttl:-"Qult n +EndStr
mlenbl: -HNEnbl
MM _adltna(6):Mlsc
jjdltms(l) . jnnttl:-
edlcms(l). mlenbl:
^edltms(2) . janttl:-
jidltma(2) .jnlenbl:
_edltma(3) . jnnttl:-'
edltms ( 3 ) . mlenbl :
_edltms(4) . _nmttl:-
edltms(4). mlenbl:
~edltms(5) . jnnttl:-
jsdlcms(5). jnlenbl:
jsditms(6) . jonttl:-
edlcms(6). mlenbl:
Cndo"+EndStr
-HNEnbl
Cut"+EndStr
-HNEnbl
"Copy"+EndStr
-HNEnbl
"Paste"+EndScr
-HNEnbl
•"Clear'+EndStr
-HNEnbl
"Show"+EndStr
-HNEnbl
(* Now we'll set up che entire menu
DIM Tndyjta :mnstr
Tndy _Hn . jnltcl : -"Tandy"*£ndStr
Tndyjta . jmld : -HN Tndy
Tndyjta. jnnxsiz:-l$J
Tndy_Hn. jnnnita : -9
Tndyjta . anenabl : -HNEnbl
Tndyjta . jnnlcema : -ADDR( jzanlcma )
DIH Flle_Hn:nmatr
File Jin. joittl:-"Fllea"+EndStr
Fllejta . "mild : -MNFlle
File _Mn . joucsiz : -1J7
File _Mn . jmnlta : -6
File Jta . jmenabl : -HNEnbl
File Jta . jnnltema : -ADDR( f 11 ltma )
DIM EdltHn : nmatr
Edit Jta. jnlttl : -"Edlt"+EndStr
Ed It Jta . jnnld : -HNEdlt
Edit Jta . nnxa lr : -1?
Edit Jta . jmnlts : -6
Edit Jta .janenabl : -HNEnbl
Edit Jta. jnnltema :-ADDR(_edlcns)
(* Now that we have defined the Items In the menu and che menu Itself,
(* we can define the window that we want the menu Co appear In.
C* Flrsc, we must create an array of menus chat contains all of the
(* menus we hope to use. After we have reserved space In memory using
(* Baslc?9's DIM statement, we must Intlallzed each element In the array.
(* Here, we create an array of chree menus.
DIM HenusO) :mnatr
Henus(l): -Tndyjta
Henus(2):-Flle_Hn
Henu«(3):-Edltjta
UndScr . _wnttl : -"KISSDraw"+EndStr
UndScr . jimons : -3
WndScr . j«mln : -801
UndScr . _wymln : -24
(* jmres, an array of seven reserved bytes, sits here
UndScr . jvnsync : -UINSync
UndScr . jmmen : -ADDR(Henus )
(* The data struccurea have all been sec up now. It Is time to make a
178
THE RAINBOW July 1988
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I looked over my code. Stumped, I
picked up the phone and called Kevin
Darling. "It'll work, but you have to
pack the code first," he said.
I did. It did! But this solution was not
appropriate. One of the advantages of
an interactive programming environ-
ment like BASIC09 is the fact that you can
change things continuously and check
the results instantly. If you are forced to
go into a "packed" (compiled before
you run it) mode, you lose this interac-
tive advantage.
Generating a Real Intercept
Kevin Darling did a lot of experi-
menting with Multi-Vue early on. One
of those experiments involved program-
ming Windlnt using BASIC09. He also
stumbled into the problem above. He
solved it by using the ON ERROR GOTO
approach in conjunction with a Boolean
variable. If the Boolean "packed" was
true, he used theMsSig SetS tat call to
tell the mouse to return a signal with a
value of 2. If "packed" was false, it
returned a 1 signal. If the code hadn't
been packed, the ON ERROR GOTO rou-
tine received a valid "wake up" signal —
I and Darling was able to go ahead
and process it.
I wanted a simpler approach. I get
confused easily when I must follow
Boolean variables through decision
trees, and I wanted to keep the overall
flow of the program as simple as pos-
sible. After all, this is "KISSable OS-9."
"Why can't I write a short intercept
routine in machine language, store it in
the data area, point to it using BASK'09's
RDDR function, and run it?" I asked.
"Great idea!" Darling said. "It should
work."
With that, 1 was off on a daylong
experiment. As it turned out, my inter-
cept routine was only four bytes long.
I used a fifth byte to return the value of
the signal sent by the mouse. Here's the
code in 6809 assembly language:
STB HHDDR(IceptCode)+4
RTI
In pure machine language that code
looks like this: F? HH LL 3B.
To gel that code into memory I de-
fined a special data type named Int-
CeptCod. 1 then dimensioned - or
reserved space for — a variable named
IceptCode of type IntCeptCod. The
new data type had a single byte followed
by an integer to hold the address,
followed by two individual bytes. The
first would hold the RTI code. The
second gave me an empty byte in mem-
1A3E
1A87
1ACF
1B04
1B05
IB2E
LB67
1B9F
1BBB
LBCE
1BCF
1C07
1C26
1C27
1C4L
1C4D
1C72
leap
icac
1CSD
1C9C
ICC2
1CC4
(* sot status call to initialize the window. We will use sswset. This
C* call needs three parameters. The path number, the window type and a
(* pointer to the data structure defining the window.
(* But first, we must turn off the cursor
(* If we don't, we will occasionally write garbage on the
(* screen where wo don't wane it. A "gfx2" routine will
(* take care of this for us.
RUN Gfx2(StdOut,"CurOff")
(* Now we'll make a SysCall with the Sec Window function
(* code to prove that it works .
CallCode:-S8E \(* Set Status Code
Regs.a:-StdOut
Regs. b: -$86 \(» SS.WnSet function codo
Regs . i : -ADDR(WndScr)
Regs.y:-WT_FVin
RON SysCall(CallCode.Regs)
PRINT »ScdOut, "Hello <Inserc Your Name Here>"
END
Listing 2: SigTestOne
PROCEDURE SigTestOne
0000
99*1
003F
0046
C* Short program to test method of emulating intercept routine
DIM ErrNum:BTTE
ON ERROR GOTO 100 \(* Sec trap
(* Initialize House and start it running
TYPE Registers-cc.a,b,dp:BYTE; x.y,u:INTEGER
0047
0058
0059
0081
9082
00A7
WAS
BOB!
00C4
00CF
00D6
00E1
00E2
00E9
00F0
00F7
BBFE
BIAS
9197
B11F
9127
9133
SUA
0156
0165
0166
019D
019E
01B6
01BE
01CA
01E1
01FB
01FC
020B
020C
022E
022F
0244
0245
0258
0263
0264
027C
027E
027F 100 ErrNum:-ERR
028B bval:-Regs.b
0293 ccval: -Regs.cc
029E PRINT bval. ccval. ErrNum
02AB IF ErrNum-10 THEN PRINT "It's the House
02C8 ELSE
02CC PRINT "Who knows?"
02DA ENDIF
02DC END
02DE
DIH Regs Registers
DIM CallCode,Path,StdIn.StdOut:BYTE
DIM Follow, FollowNot: BYTE
DrH SampTlme: INTEGER
DIH bval, ccval: BYTE
Follov:-l
FollowNot:-0
ScdIn:-0
ScdOuc:-l
SampTime:-S030A
CallCode:-$BE \(* I_SotScc call
Path:-Stdln
Regs. a: -Path
Rogs.b:-S89 \(* ss. House
Regs .x:-SampTlme
RUN SysCall(CallCoda.Regs)
(* Now toll Mouse to return a signal with a value of 10
CallCode:-S8E \(* ISetStt call
Path:-Stdln
Regs. a
Rogs.b
Rogs.x
-Path
-S8A \(* sa.MsSig
-S0A \(* S000A is 10
RUN SysCall(CallCodo.Regs)
PRINT "Tost is starting, click mousol"
(* Now stall for test
FOR xray:-l TO 10000
NEXT xray
PRINT "Test is stopping now"
END
180
THE RAINBOW July 1988
Listing 3
: SigTestTwo
PROCEDURE
SigTestTwo
9999
(* Procedure to test possibility of sectlng Intercept
993i
(* trap within Basic(39 program
W53
(* First, we define a special data type for our intercepc
Wc
(J|38D
TYPE IncCeptCod-St8Code:BYTE; In tAddr : INTEGER ; RTICode , IntResulc
:BYTE
m»
DIM IceptCode:IntCeptCod
mi
Wl
(* Now that we have defined the data area where we will store
(I(JEF
(* our Intercepc code, we will Initialize It.
J3UC
J3UD
IceptCodfl . StBCode : -SF7
(1129
IceptCode . In tAddr : -ADDR( IceptCode ) +4
(I13A
IceptCode . RTICode : -S3B
(3146
0147
(* tfe must also define a data type to hold the 68(39 registers
(3184
(* so we can pass the parameters to SysCall.
?1B?
J3181
TYPE Registers-cc,a,b,dp:BYTE; I . y , u : INTEGER
(31D6
DIM Regs: Registers
?1DF
?1E?
(* And a few more variables to enhance readability
$1212
?213
DIM F_Icpc.F_Sleep,CallCode:BYTE
(1222
DM I SacStt.SS MsSlg.Stdln.StdOut.SS GIP.SS Mouse:BYTE
(323D
DIM MouseSig.FoL low: INTEGER
(3248
DIM Grp_Ptr , Ptr_Arr : BYTE
))253
(3254
Grp_Ptr:-2(12
(325B
Per Arr:-1
0262
F_Icpc:-S(39
J326A
P~Sleep:-$(3A
(1272
I_SecStt:-S8E
J327A
SS_MsSlg:-$8A
(1282
SS~GIP:-S94
J328A
SS~House:-S89
?292
Follow :-l
(1299
Scdln:-(J
S>2AU
Std0ut:-1
()2A7
MouseSlg:-l|»
(I2AE
(32AF
(* We must turn on the mouse and set Its global parameters
J32E9
(* Here we tell the system we are using a high resolution
?323
(* mouse plugged into the right joystick port.
(3351
JJ352
Regs.a:-Scdln
(335E
Regs.b:-SS_GIP
(336A
Regs. x: -5(31(31 \(* HIRos, Right Joystick
J338E
Regs.y:-SFFFF \(* Do not change timing
(33 Bl
CallCode:-I_SecStt
(I3B9
RON SysCall(CallCode.Regs)
(I3C8
J33F4
(J3F5
PRINT "I have set the mouse's global parameters"
(* Now we must tell the mouse how often to updato itself
(I42D
(* and when it should timeout. We also must tell the
0463
(* graphics cursor co follow the mouse. We do the latter
j)49C
<* by setting the 68(39 Y-ragister to "Follow" or "1" before
J34D8
(* the call. This parameter is undocumented in early versions
(3516
(* of the OS-9 Level II documentation.
(T53C
JJ53D
Regs.a:-Stdln
(1549
Regs . b : -SS_House
(J555
Regs.x:-S(J3pl \(* Update / timeout info
(3579
Regs.y:-Follow
(isas
CallCode : -I_SetStt
(ISBO
RUN SysCall (CallCode, Regs)
(159C
PRINT "I have started mouse."
(35B5
(J5B6
(* Now we can soc up Che 68(39 registers and make the call
()5EF
(* to set up the Intercepc.
J36JIA
?6(JB
CallCode :-F_Icpt
$1613
Regs , z : -ADDR( IceptCode )
{3621
Regs . u : -ADDRC IceptCode ) +4
(1632
RON SysCalKCallCode.Rega)
(1641
PRINT "I have 3ec the Intercepc"
JJ65D
(I65E
(* We'll turn on the Graphics Cursor so you can
J368D
(* watch mouse movemenc on che screen. We'll make
(36 BF
(* it an arrow.
?6CE
(36CP
RON gfx2("gcsoc".Grp_Ptr.Ptr_Arr)
(I6E6
(T6E7
(* The main loop of our future program will start here
(17 ID
07 IE
LOOP \(* Do thlt forever
(1732
ory 1 could use to store the signal from
the mouse.
After dimensioning the variable
IceptCode, I initialized it with straight-
forward BAS1C09 assignment state-
ments. Later in the program, 1 used
SysCall to run the OS-9 FSIcpt rou-
tine. To do this, I loaded the 6809's X
register with the address of the "inter-
cept" routine 1 had stored in BASlC09's
data area, loaded the LI register with the
address where I wanted to receive the
signal from the mouse, and made the
call.
Later, after the process had been
awakened by the mouse. I could check
the value of IceptCode. IntResult to
see if the mouse had generated the
signal. This week, we are returning only
one signal from the mouse. Later, we'll
most likely have the mouse send back
different signals to indicate different
situations. Stay tuned, this project just
might turn into a lot of fun.
A Trip Through Ihe Code
We used a few SysCall functions
when we presented the KISSDraw
series last year, but not too many.
Perhaps this is a good time for a review
of the technique. Essentially, running a
SysCal 1 is similar to running a GOSUB.
Both statements run a subroutine. The
difference lies in where the subroutines
are located.
When you type G05UB 1000, you are
telling BAS1C09 to jump to a subroutine
that is located at Line 1000 in your
program. After it runs that subroutine,
BASIC09 will return the control of the
program to the line following the GOSUB
statement.
SysCall is a jump to a subroutine
within the heart of the OS-9 operating
system itself. When control returns
from the SysCall to your BASIC'!) 1 )
program, execution continues at the
line following the SysCall — just like
it does with the GDSUB statement.
The subroutines you call with the
SysCall function are executed by
loading the 6809's B register with a
special CallCode. You must also often
pass additional information to the OS-
9 subroutine when you run SysCall.
When you make one of these system
calls from within an assembly language
program, you load the 6809 registers
directly and then make the call. This
means that when you want to run them
from BASIC09 you must have a way to
preload the 6809 registers before you
run SysCall. You do this by creating
a special data type that effectively
emulates a 6809 microprocessor. In
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 181
SigTestTwo we call this new data type
Registers. After we define it, we
reserve a space in memory for it with the
BASIC09 DIM statement. We named that
space Regs.
To run SysCall then, we load our
pseudo 6809 — Regs — with the proper
information and then run SysCa 1 1 with
two parameters. The first parameter is
always the calling code. The second is
always Regs, the pseudo 6809.
We know what kind of information to
put in each register by consulting the
OS-9 technical documentation. It lists
each call separately and gives the entry
and exit conditions. By entry condi-
tions, we mean it tells us what to load
into each register before we run Sys-
Call. The exit conditions tell us what
we can expect to find in each of the
6809's registers upon exit. When we run
SysCall, we will find these exit values
in the pseudo 6809, Regs.
Readability Can't Be Overlooked
Let's use our call to the internal OS-
9 function MsSig for a readability
example. Take a look at it now:
Regs.a:=StdIn
Regs.b:=S5_J1s5ig
Regs . x : =MouseSi g
CallCode:=I_Set5tt
RUN SysCall(CallCode,Regs)
When you read this code, you can
determine in English what you are
loading into each of the 6809's registers
as well as the function you want to run.
Now consider this —the program would
have worked in exactly the same
manner if we had decided to type the
following:
Regs.a:=0
Regs.b:=$BA
Regs. x: =10
CallCode:=SBE
RUN SysCa 1 1 ( Ca 1 1 Code , Regs )
Do you think you would remember
what the second string of code would do
if you read it two weeks after you wrote
it? I certainly wouldn't! Notice how we
reserved space and initialized all of
these variables early in the program.
Once we type
Grp_Ptr:=202
Ptr_flrr:=l
we could type Run gfx2( "geset",
Grp_Ptr,Ptr_arr). rather than Run
gfx2("gcset", 202,1).
Which of those lines means more to
you?
|J733
JJ735
(176?
(1761
(1787
?788
JJ7AB
JI7D9
(J802
H893
380F
(J81B
(J827
(J82F
(I83E
JJ87E
0BA9
(JBAA
(I8DE
j»9fll
mi
P9S»A
JI93D
(J94C
(J91D
JJ984
J19B5
09Fj>
0A25
JJA5B
(JA64
(JA65
(JA74
(IA78
0A79
|)A92
J1AB9
3AC9
(JADE
JIAE2
(IB(J6
(IBU8
flB?C
J)B(ID
(IB46
JIB47
(JB5A
JJB5B
JIB5D
JJB5E
PRINT
PRINT "Type <Conerol E> or <BREAK> to stop IT!"
IcepcCode. IncResult: -(J \(* Initialize Signal Report
(* Tell mouse which signal you want
(* it to return when the button is pushed. Do
(* this with the SS_MsSig set status call
Regs.a:-Scdln
Regs . b : -SS_MsSig
Regs.i:-MouseSig
CallCode : -ISetStt
RUN SysCall(C«UCoda,Regs)
PRINT "I have given the mouse a signal to send back to the process.
PRINT "Now. I am putting the process to sleep."
(* Now we must tell the process to go co sleep until
(* it receives a signal to wake up.
CallCode :-P_Slaep
Regs.x:-? \(* Sleep forever -- at least till signal
RON SysCall (CallCode, Regs)
(* After a signal or interrupt wakes up the system, we
(* should be able to find out If it was the mouse
(* that generated the signal by looking at IcepcCode .Result
(* When we arrive here, the process has just awakened
(* and we will test to see if the 3ignal came from the
(* mouse.
EXITIP IcepcCode. IntRasult-2 THEN
END EXIT
PRINT "MouseSlg is now, "; MouseSlg
PRINT "IcepcCode. IntResulc Is now, ";
IF IcepcCode. IntResult-HouseSig THEN
PRINT "It's the House III"
IccptCode . IntResulc
ELSE
PRINT
ENDIP
END LOOP
'The signal returned vas.
IcepcCode . IntRcsult
(* Always turn off graphics cursor before leaving program
RON gfx2("gcaac",|J.(l)
END
Listing 4:
SkipMuf (continued from last month)
667
9
i
(*
668
9
l
* Askaborc - Asks user if he wants co abort compucation in order
669
9
l
* to reenter daca.
67?
9
l
*)
671
9
l
672
9
l
PROCEDURE Askabort(VAR path : text);
673
9
l
674
9
l
BECIN
675
9
2
Clrscrn(pach) ;
676
6
2
Wrlte(path. 'Prediction for: ', name);
677
24
2
IF (call[lj O • •) THEN
678
39
3
tfrlteCpath, ', ', call);
679
57
2
Writeln(path) :
689
62
2
»rite(path. 'Dace: '. day:2:jj, ' ', moname:3. ' ■);
681
1(12
2
»rlteln(path, 'SSN: ', sunspot : 3 : 9 , • Flux: '. flux:3:(»):
682
139
2
Wrica(path. 'To: ', ocntnt, • (•, ocicy. ', ', ocntry, '). ');
683
197
2
Hrlteln(path, 'Lat ', olat:6:2, ', Lon ', olon:7:2);
684
234
2
Uriteln(path) ;
685
241
2
Wrlte(path. 'Continue computation (Y/N)7 •);
686
253
2
Prompt(path) ;
687
258
2
Reset(path);
688
268
2
Roadln(path, answer);
689
28(1
2
Rewrite (path) ;
69(1
29?
2
END;
693
9
1
{*
694
9
1
* Uantprnc - Asks if user wants printout on printer.
695
9
1
*)
696
9
1
697
9
1
PROCEDURE tfancpmt(VAR path : cext);
698
9
1
699
9
1
VAR
199
90
1
answer : char;
7(11
-ID
1
7(12
-ID
1
BECIN
703
9
2
Brlto(path. 'Want printout of results (Y/N)7 ');
7(14
14
2
Prompt(path) ;
705
17
2
Resct(path) ;
182
THE RAINBOW July 1988
7?6
27
2
Roadln(path. answer);
7!"
37
2
Rewrlce(pach) ;
7?8
47
2
IF ((answer - 'Y') OR (answer - 'y')) THEN
7?9
61
3
printout :- TRDE
71?
61
3
ELSE
711
69
3
printout :- FALSE;
712
74
2
END;
715
t
1
*
716
?
I
* Hournui - cotapuces HUF for specific hour of day.
717
f
1
*)
7 IB
9
1
719
9
1
FUNCTION Hourmuf (olat , olon , mylac . mylon , p , q . r . s . k7 , hour ; real)
real;
72?
?
1
721
9
1
CONST
722
m>
1
e - 2.71821828
723
?D
1
pi - 3.14159265
724
?D
1
cwopl - 6,28318531
725
?D
I
halfpi - 1.57?79633
726
?D
1
727
?D
1
TAB
728
?D
1
gl,k6.k5,j9.kl.a,b.c.d,w?:real;
729
-5?D
1
1? . yl , y2 . k8 ,k9 . g? , m9 , c , c4 , c? . t9 . t6 . g9 : real ;
73?
-115D
1
g8,u.g7,g2,ul,u2.u3, step, test: real;
731
-16?D
1
732
-16?D
1
733
-16?D
1
FUNCTION Acs (x:real):real;
734
?D
2
735
CD
2
VAB.
736
?D
2
result : real;
737
-5D
2
738
-5D
2
BEGIN
739
9
3
result :- halfpi - Arccan(x / sqrt(-x * x + 1));
74?
31
3
acs :- result
741
31
3
END;
742
9
2
743
9
2
744
9
2
FONCTION Rpower (y.xrreal) :real ;
745
9
2
746
9
2
VAR
747
?D
2
result: real;
748
-5D
2
749
-5D
2
BEGIN
75?
9
3
IF x - ?.?
751
5
3
THEN result :- 1.?
752
15
4
ELSE result :- Exp(x * Ln(y));
Here's another programming tip.
Debugging can be awful if you don't
give yourself enough clues. That's the
purpose of all those Print statements
in SigTestTwo. Every time 1 run a
SysCall, I print a report on the screen
to let me know where I am in the
program. By looking at these reports, I
can tell when or if the program goes
astray.
Caveats and What Comes Next?
Before we secure this tutorial and
turn you loose to run the code, you
should take one or two precautions.
First, you must run SigTestTwo in a
graphics window. You cannot run the
gfx2 geset function to display the
mouse pointer in a text type window.
Additionally - for a reason as yet
unknown — you must run SigTeslTwo
from a shell that was not created by
Multi- Vue. We'll be looking deeper into
this slight inconvenience to see if we can
find the cause. Cross your fingers! You
can, however, run SigTestTwo from a
shell created by another shell that was
not started by Multi- Vue.
In other words, you can have Multi-
Vue running in one window and a
second shell running in another win-
dow. Then, start SigTestTwo in this
HINOM, i'Vi'TFMi*
I 1 * Qj iest of tl}e JJtar^Jord
A new animated graphic adventure for the Color
Computer 3 from the author of the Hall of the King
trilogyl Enjoy the mixture of science and fantasy as
you quest for the Phoenix Crossbow, the only thing
that can save you in the post-holocaust world. A full
4 disk sides of adventure! Outstanding 320x200
graphics will make this your favorite CoCo adven-
ture! Req. 128K CoCo 3 and disk drive. Only $34.95.
^un^-ru Dude
An exciting new arcade game. This is the long-awaited response to the huge
demand (or a Kung-Fu program for the CoCo the graphics, sound ettects,
ana animation are spectacular! This is the BEST karate game ever available
tor rhe Color Computer f?eq. 64K. disk drive, and joystick. Only $2*1 °5
"The CoCo karate gap has been (Sled and Kung-Fu Dude does It excellent-
ly. I highly recommend (it)!" -2/88 Rainbow review
"A definite 5 stors!" -12/87 Wizards Castle review — "■' «■-■■« «i-»r»»»nagBBa3ss
All programs CoCo 1. 2. 3 compatible unless stated otherwise.
WHITE FIRE
OF ETERNITY
64K Animated Graphic Adven-
ture. See 12/86 Rainbow review.
Only S19.95.
CHAMPION
64K Superhero Action Adventure.
See 5/87 Rainbow review. Only
S19.95.
systems •
mzmwmmm
Sundog Systems
21 Edinburg Drive
Pittsburgh. PA 15235
(412) 372-5674
Personal checks, money orcers. and COD orders
accepted
wwmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmmMmmwmwmw
Include $2.50 for S/H. $3.00
extra for COD. orders, PA
residents add 6% sales tax.
Authorship and dealer inquiries
welcome.
mmwtwm
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 183
second window. However, if you use the
SHELL command under the Files menu
to create a third shell, you will not be
able to run SigTeslTwo under it. For
some reason, if you arc running in a
shell created by Mulii-Vue, the signal
returned when you click the mouse in
SigTeslTwo is zero — the signal to kill
the process. And, as you might guess,
that's exactly what happens. It's inter-
esting to note that Kevin Darling's
MVTesi, another BASIC09 program,
exhibits exactly the same behavior —
and he uses the special packed Boolean
/ ON ERROR GOTO algorithm. Fixing this
onejust might be a real challenge.
"The next step in the
evolution of MVShell
will be to add the code
from SigTestTwo to the
tail-end of the code in
this month's MVShell."
Another caveat comes with using
SigTeslTwo in its present form. Once
you have run this procedure, you will
not be able to use the bri-ak key or the
CTRI.-F key combination from within
BAS1C09 without restarting BAS1C09.
This happens because our own intercept
routine in SigTeslTwo takes the place
of the intercept routine BASIC09 sets.
The solution to this problem isn't too
difficult but would have made the code
for this month's tutorial loo long. We'll
try to get it in next month. If you want
to jump ahead of us, here are the steps
you will need to follow at the start of
your BASIC09 program:
• Get BASiC09's Process ID using a
GetIO SysCall
• Use SysCall to run FSGetProc
• Save the 512-byte array returned by
FSGetProc into an array
• Save the intercept vector address and
data address in another variable
• Use the intercept SysCall to restore
them before you exit your program
You must also remember that if you
set your own intercept like we did in
SigTeslTwo, the ON ERROR GOTO func-
tion will no longer work. You will need
to process the expected errors each time
with your own code, which you wake up
following a signal.
The next step in the evolution of
MVShell will be to add the code from
SigTeslTwo to the tail-end of the code
in this month's MVShell. Additionally,
we'll need to add calls to IVindlnTs
SS_MnSel. SS_UMBar and. if we have
753
41
3
rpover :- result
754
41
3
END;
755
9
2
756
2
757
9
2
FUNCTION Checkval (x:real) :real;
758
2
759
9
2
BEGIN
76?
9
3
IP (X >- 1.0) OR (x <- -l.fi
761
22
3
THEN
762
26
4
IP X >- 1.0
763
29
4
THEN X :- 0.999999999
764
39
5
ELSE x :- -0.999999999;
765
6?
3
checkval :- x
766
6?
3
END;
767
9
2
768
9
2
769
9
2
FUNCTION Sgn (x:real):real;
77?
9
2
771
9
2
TAR
772
0D
2
result:real;
773
-5D
2
774
-5D
2
BEGIN
775
9
3
IF X < 0.0
776
5
3
THEN result: :- -1.0;
777
24
3
IF x - 0.0
778
27
3
THEN result :- 0.0;
779
46
3
IF x > 0.0
789
49
3
THEN result :- l.f;
781
68
3
sgn :- result
782
68
3
END;
783
9
2
784
9
2
785
9
2
FUNCTION Mlnusexp (x:real) :real;
786
9
2
787
9
2
VAR
788
90
2
resultrreal;
789
-5D
2
790
-5D
2
BEGIN
791
9
3
result :- Rpover<(1.0 / e),(-1.0 * x)>;
792
33
3
mlnusexp :- result
793
33
3
END;
794
9
2
795
9
2
796
9
2
BEGIN (hourmuf)
797
9
2
k7 :- Checkval(k7);
798
12
2
gl :- Acs(k7);
799
22
2
k6 :- 1.59 * gl;
BOB
35
2
IF k6 < 1.(1
api
38
2
THEN k6 ;- 1.(1;
892
57
2
k5 ;- 1.0 / k6;
893
'»
2
IF k5 ■©• 1.(1
B04
73
2
THEN k5 :- 0.5;
805
92
2
J9
- 199-9:
806
101
2
a
- (r - p * Cos(gl)) / (q * Sin(gl));
807
127
2
yi
- 0.0172 * (10.0 + (month - 1.0) * 30.4 + day);
808
165
2
y2
- 0.409 * Cos(yl);
809
180
2
U
- 1.0 / (2.0 * k6);
810
200
2
tast ;- Abs(1.0 - kl);
811
214
2
step :- Abs<0.9999 - 2 * kl) ;
812
231
2
REPEAT
813
231
2
b
- gl * kl;
814
241
3
c
- p * Cos(b) + q * Sln(b) * a:
815
270
3
d
- (Coa(b) - c * p) / (q * Sqre(1.0 - c * c));
816
307
3
d
- Checkval(d);
817
317
3
d
- Aca(d);
818
327
3
"9
- my Ion + Sgn(Sin(olon - mylon)) * d;
819
351
3
IF (w0 < 0.0) OR (u0 >- twopl)
820
371
3
THEN
821
375
4
IF w0 < 0.0
822
378
4
THEN v0 :- u0 * tvopi
823
391
5
ELSE w0 :- w0 - twopi;
824
417
3
c
- Checkval(c);
825
427
3
19
- halfpl - Acs(c) ;
826
444
3
k8
- 3.82*v0*l2.0+0.13*(Stn(yl)+1.2*Sln(2*yl));
827
493
3
k8
- k8-12.0*(l+Sgn(k8-24.0))*Sgn(Abs(kB-24.0));
828
545
3
IF Cos(10 + y2) <- -0.26
829
554
3
THEN BEGIN (then 1)
830
564
4
k9 ;- 0.0;
831
573
4
z9 ■- 9-9:
832
582
4
m9 :- 2.5 * gl * k5 ;
833
599
4
IF m9 > halfpl
834
602
4
THEN m9 :- halfpl;
835
621
4
m9 :- Sln(m9);
836
629
4
m9 ;- 1.0 + 2.5 * m9 * Sqrt(m9);
837
655
4
END (then 1)
838
655
4
ELSE BEGIN (else 1)
839
658
4
k9 :- (-0.26+Sln(y2)*Sln(10))/(Cos(y2)*Cos(10)
840
684
4
+0.001):
841
698
4
k9 :- 12.0-Arctan(k9/Sqrt(Abs(1.0-k9*k9)))
842
725
4
*7. 639437;
843
738
4
t :- k8-0.5*k9+12.0*(1.0-Sgn(k8-0.5*k9))
844
786
4
*Sgn<Abs(kB-0.5*k9));
845
811
4
t4 :- k8-t-0.5*k9-12.0*(1.0+Sgn(k8+0.5*k9-24.0))
846
863
4
*Sgn(Abs(k8+0.5*k9-24.0));
184
THE RAINBOW July 1988
Protect and highlight
gour important
magaxine collection
with sturdy
RAINBOW binders
Distinctive, Durable RAINBOW Binders
the rainbow is a vital resource to be referred to
again and again. Keep your copies of the rainbow safe
in our quality, distinctive binders that provide com-
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These attractive red vinyl binders showcase your
collection and ensure your rainbows are in mint
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and spine. They make a handsome addition to any
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Put an End to Clutter
Organize your workspace with these tasteful bind-
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those frustrating searches for misplaced magazines.
A set of two binders, which holds a full 12 issues of
the rainbow, is only $13.50 (plus $2.50 shipping and
handling).
Special Discounts on Past Issues
To help you complete your collection of the rain-
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of the magazine.
When you place an order for six or more back issues
of the rainbow at the same time you order binders,
you are entitled to $1 off the regular back issue price.
To order, please see the "Back Issue Information"
page in this issue.
Know Where to Look
You may purchase the "Official And Compleat Index
To THE RAINBOW" for $1 when you purchase a set
of binders. This comprehensive index of rainbow's
first three years (July 1981 through July 1984) is
usually priced at $2.50.
YES. Please send me
set(s) of RAINBOW binders
nru
""»PWn- 1 ' W "*
Take advantage of these special offers with your binder purchase:
Save $1 off the single issue cover price for back issues. Minimum order of 6 magazines. Please
enclose a back issue order form from a recent issue indicating magazines wanted.
Purchase the "Official and Compleat Index to THE RAINBOW" for $1. (Regular price $2.50.)
(These offers good only with the purchase of a rainbow binder set)
Name
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Mail to: Rainbow Binders, The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box 385, Prospect, KY 40059.
Binders are $13.50 per two-binder set plus $2.50 shipping and handling. If your order is to be sent via U.S. mail to
a post office box or foreign country, please add $2. Kentucky residents add 5% sales tax. U.S. currency only, please.
In order to hold down non-editorial costs, we do not bill.
For credit card orders call (800) 847-0309, 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. EST
All other inquiries call (502) 228-4492.
lime, the code to process a few of the
menu selections. Hopefully, by the time
we finish the project you'll have all of
Multi-Vue\ desk accessories and other
functionality available to you from each
of your BASIC09 programs.
Other Good News and Notes
The new GShell from Kent Meyers
keeps getting better. I'm still running
one of the very early versions, and it
sings. However, conversations with
several people around the country tell
me I'm really missing out. The later
versions really shine! For example, we
now have a wastebasket on our desktop.
And thanks to Kent's ingenuity, it's
easier to use than the one on the Mac-
intosh. On the Macintosh you must
drag your files to the wastebasket. On
our Color Computer 3 with the new
GShe 1 1 , you merely click on the file you
want to throw away to select it. Then,
move the mouse to the wastebasket and
click. Presto! All gone!
Additionally, if you put a ? in your
fllF file with the new GShell, you will
get a prompt for additional parameters.
And Meyers has come up with a simple
modification to SCF and CC3io that lets
you continue after a pause by clicking
the mouse anywhere on the screen. He
also redid the "Sure ?" box so that it
pops up right where your mouse is
sitting when you activate an action from
the menu bar that requires it. And if
that's not enough, there's now a quick
shell. When you need another shell, just
press S. Magic!
But we've saved the real good news
for last. This is another cross-your-
fingcrs revelation, however, because
this column will be printed after the fact
- but the OS-9 Users Group plans to
sell the IPatch that generates the new
GShell from the original Tandy file at
RAINBOWfest Chicago. Hope you
were there to get a copy.
Speaking of the Users Group, the
address is Suite R-237, 1715 Fowler
Ave., Tampa, FL 33612. The cost for an
individual membership is just S25 per
year. The benefits are many and include
access to a growing library of valuable
public domain software and a subscrip-
tion to A/077), the UG newsletter.
Dave Kaleita, Pete Lyall, Kevin Dar-
ling, George Dorner and Carl Kreider
are doing a heck of a job. Join them!
And speaking of credit — Ron Lam-
mardo's name was somehow edited out
of our praises of the new Shel 1+. Ron
provided many of the ideas for this team
project and wrote the latest version.
Great job, Ron! □
847
895 4
c? :- Abs(Cos(l? * y2>);
848
9?8 4
t9 :- 9.7 * Rpower(c?,9.6);
849
931 4
IF r9 <- ?.l
85?
934 4
THEN C9 :- ?.l;
8S1
953 4
s9 :- 2.5 * gl * k5;
852
97? 4
IF ra9 > halfpl
853
973 4
THEN n9 :- halfpi;
954
992 4
n9 :- Sln(m9);
855
1??? 4
m9 :- 1.? + 2.5 * m9 * Sqrr(m9);
856
1?27 4
IF ((c4<c) AND ((hour-t4)*(t-hour)<-?.?))
857
1?57 4
OP. ((t4>-c) AND ((hour-t)*(c4-hour)>?.?))
858
1087 4
THEN BEGIN (then 2)
859
1391 5
c6 :- hour+12.?*(l.?+Sgn(c-hour))
86))
1118 5
*Sgn(Abs(c-hour));
861
1136 5
g9 :- pi * (t6 - c) / Vc9;
862
1157 5
g8 :- pi * c9 / lc9;
863
1174 5
u :- ?.5 * (c - c6) / c9;
864
1195 5
IF u < ?.?
865
1198 5
THEN u :- Minusexp(u)
866
1212 6
ELSE u :- Exp(u);
867
1229 5
ul :- -?.5 * k9 / c9;
868
1247 5
IF ul < ?.?
869
125? 5
THEN ul :- Minusexp(ul)
87?
1264 6
ELSE ul :- Exp(ul);
871
1283 5
u2 :- ?.25 * <k9 - 24.?);
872
13?3 5
IF u2 < ?.?
873
13?6 5
THEN u2 :- Hlnusexp(u2)
874
132? 6
ELSE u2 :- Exp(u2) ;
875
1337 5
g? :- c?*(Sin(g9)+g8*(u*u-Cos(g9)))
876
1363 5
/(l.?+g8*g8);
877
1382 5
g7 :- c?*(g8*(ul*ul+l.?))*u2*u2
878
14?8 5
/(l.?+g8*g8);
879
143? 5
IF g? < g7
383
1433 5
THEN g? :- g7
881
144? 6
END (Chen 2)
882
1446 5
ELSE BECIN (else 2)
883
1449 5
c6 ;- hour+12.?*(l.?+Sgn(c4-hour)>
384
1476 5
*Sgn(Abs(c4-hour)):
385
1494 5
g8 :- pi * c9 / k9;
886
1511 5
u :- ?.25 * (c4 - c6);
887
1528 5
IF u < ?.?
838
1531 5
THEN u :- Hinusexp(u)
889
155? 6
ELSE u :- Exp(u);
893
1567 5
ul :- -?.5 * k9 / c9;
891
1585 5
IF ul < ?.?
892
1588 5
THEN ul :- Hinusexp(ul)
893
16?2 6
ELSE ul :- Exp(ul);
894
1619 5
g? :- C?*(g8*(ul*ull-l.?))*u*u/(l.?+g8*g8)
895
1663 5
END; (else 2)
896
1667 4
END; (else 1)
897
1667 3
82
- (l.?+?.??4*sunspoc)*m9*Sqrc(6.?+58.?*Sqrc(g?));
898
1713 3
u3
- k9 / 6.? - 4.?;
899
1733 3
IF u3 < ?.?
93?
1736 3
THEN u3 :- Hinusexp(u3)
931
175? 4
ELSE u3 :- Exp(u3) ;
932
1767 3
82
- g2 * (1.? - ?.l * u3 * u3);
9?3
1796 3
g2
- g2*(l.?+(l.?-Sgn(olac)*Sgn(mylac) )*?.!);
9?4
1839 3
82
- g2*(l.?-?.i*(l.?+(Sgn(Abs(Sin(l?)))-Cos(l?))));
935
1883 3
IF g2 <- J9
936
1886 3
THEN J9 :- g2;
937
1899 3
kl
- kl + seep;
938
19?9 3
UNTIL
(kl >- case) J
939
1919 2
hourmuf : - J 9 ;
913
1925 2
911
1925 2
END; (hourmuf)
914
9 1
I*
915
9 1
* Compmuf - Computes MUF for each hour of chc day specified.
916
9 1
*
Scores result tn global array provided.
917
9 1
*)
913
9 1
919
9 1
PROCEDURE Compmuf (VAR path : cexc) ;
92?
9 1
921
9 1
VAR
922
?D 1
loopc
June
integer;
923
-2D 1
latl,
lonl
real;
924
-12D 1
lat2.
Lon2
real;
925
-22D 1
p.q.r
3
real;
926
-42D 1
k7 , hour
real;
927
-52D 1
923
-52D 1
BECIN
929
? 2
lacl
- olat * degtorad;
93?
15 2
lonl
• olon * degcorad;
931
23 2
lac2
- mylac * degtorad;
932
41 2
Ion 2
- ray Ion * degtorad;
933
54 2
P
m
in(lae2)
934
62 2
q
-
;os(lat2)
935
7? 2
r
m
In(latl)
936
78 2
s
-
:os(latl)
937
86 2
k7 :-
r*p+s*q* Cos(lon2 - lonl) ;
938
114 2
939
114 2
Wrlco
pach, 'Crunching numbers ');
94?
128 2
Promp
(path) ;
941
131 2
FOR 1<
opcounc :- 1 TO 24 DO BECIN
942
145 3
hou
* :- loopcounc;
186
THE RAINBOW July 1988
943
150
3
results [loopcouncl :- Hounnuf (lacl, lonl. Iat2, lon2,
944
176
3
p . q , r , 5 , Vc7 , hour) ;
945
198
3
Wrlte(path, '. ');
946
212
3
Prompt(pach) ;
947
215
3
END;
948
229
2
END;
951
1
I*
952
9
1
* Shovmuf - displays computation results on screen.
953
9
1
*)
954
9
1
955
9
1
PROCEDURE Shovmuf(VAR path ; text);
956
9
1
957
9
1
VAR
958
0D
1
loopcount : Integer;
959
-2D
1
oft : real;
96(1
-7D
1
hpf : real;
961
-12D
1
962
-12D
1
BEGIN
963
2
Clrscrn(pach) ;
964
6
2
WrltelnCpach. 'HOUR OFT(HHZ) MTJF(HHZ) HPF(HHZ)');
965
19
2
FOR loopcount ;- 1 to 23 DO BEGIN
966
31
3
oft :- 0.85 * results [ loopcount] ;
967
57
3
hpf :- 1.15 * results (loopcount);
968
83
3
Wrlteln(path, loopcount:3, '. •, oft : 6 :1, results [ loopcount) : 9
1.
969
129
3
hpf :9:1);
97(1
140
3
END;
971
152
2
oft :- 0.85 * results[24];
972
173
2
hpf :- 1.15 * results[24];
973
194
2
Vrlte(path, '24. ', oft:6:l, results [24] : 9; 1. hpf:9:l);
974
238
2
Prompt(path) ;
975
241
2
END;
978
1
*
979
9
1
* Graphmuf - display grapli of OFT, MOF, & HPF on screen
98(1
9
1
*)
981
1
PROCEDURE Graphmuf (VAR path : text);
982
9
1
983
9
I
VAR
984
90
1
loopcount, x, y : Integer;
985
-6D
1
986
-6D
1
BEGIN
987
2
Ovset(path, 1, 32. 0, 48, 24. 2. 0);
988
15
2
Curof f (path) ;
989
19
2
Scalesw(path, 0);
99?
24
2
Setdptr(path, 16, 8);
991
30
2
Box(path. 376. 175);
992
40
2
FOR loopcount :- 1 TO 5 DO BEGIN
993
50
3
x :- (60 * loopcount) + 16;
994
57
3
Setdpcr(pach, x. 8);
995
63
3
Llne(path. x. 175);
996
71
3
END;
997
83
2
FOR loopcount :- 2 TO 10 DO BEGIN
998
93
3
y :- 175 - Round(Logl0(loopcount) * 100);
999
109
3
Setdptr(path. 16, y);
1000
115
3
Line(path. 376, y) ;
1991
123
3
END;
1902
135
2
FOR loopcount :- 2 TO 4 DO BEGIN
W3
145
3
y :- 175 - Round (Logl0( 10 * loopcounc) * 100);
1904
163
3
Setdptr(path, 16, y) ;
1005
169
3
Line(path, 376. y) ;
1006
177
3
END;
1007
189
2
Curxy(path, 0. 1); Urlte(path, '40'); Prompt(path) :
1008
208
2
Curxy(path. 0, 3); Hrlte(path, '30'): Prompt(path) ;
1009
227
2
Curxy(path, 0, 5); Wrlte(path, '20'); Prompt(path) ;
1010
246
2
Curxy(path, 0. 9); Wrlte(path, '10"); Prompt(path) ;
1011
267
2
Curxy(path, 0. 13); Write(pach, 'F5'); Proropt(path) ;
1012
218
2
Curxy(path, 0. 14); Wrlte(path, 'R4'); Prompt(path) ;
1013
309
2
Curxy(pach. 0, 15); tfrlte(path. 'E'); Prompt(path) ;
1014
328
2
Curxy(pach, 0. 16); Urite(path. 'Q3'); Prompc(path) ;
1015
349
2
Curxy(pach, 0, 17); Urite(path. 'U'); Prompc(path) ;
1016
368
2
Curxy(pach. 0. 18); Vrite(path, 'E2'); Prompc(path) ;
1017
389
2
Curxy(pach. 0, 19); Wrlte(path. 'N'); Prompt (path) ;
1018
408
2
Curxy(path, 0. 20); Wrlte(path, 'C'); Prompt(path) ;
1019
427
2
Curxy(path, 0, 21); Urite(path. 'Yl'); Prorapt(path) ;
1020
450
2
Curxy(path, 0. 22);
1021
456
2
»rlta(path. '0 4 3 12 16 20 24')
1022
472
2
Prompt (path) ;
1023
473
2
Curxy(path, 0, 23);
1024
481
2
Write (path, ' HOUR •);
1025
495
2
Prompt(path);
1026
498
2
y :- 175 - Round(Logl0(results [24) ) * 100);
1027
525
2
Setdptr(path, 16, y) ;
1028
531
2
FOR loopcount :- 1 TO 24 DO BEGIN
1029
545
3
x :- 16 + (loopcount * 15);
1030
551
3
y :- 175 - Round(Logl0(results[loopcounc] ) * 100);
1031
581
3
Linem(path, x, y) ;
1032
5B7
3
END;
1033
601
2
Fcolor(path, S03);
1034
606
2
y :- 175 - Round(Logl0(0. B5*results[24)) * lj|jl) :
1035
638
2
Setdptr(path. 16, y) ;
1036
644
2
For loopcount :- 1 TO 24 DO BEGIN
1037
658
3
x :- 16 + (loopcounc * 15);
1038
664
3
y :- 175 - Round(Logl0(0. 35*resulcs[ loopcounc ] ) * 100);
1039
701
3
Llnem(path, x, y) ;
1040
707
3
END;
Submitting
Material
To Rainbow
Contributions to the rainbow
are welcome from everyone. We
like to run a variety of programs
that are useful/helpful/fun for
other CoCo owners.
WHAT TO WRITE: We are inter-
ested in what you may wish to tell
our readers. We accept for consid-
eration anything that is well-
written and has a practical appli-
cation for the Tandy Color Com-
puter. If it interests you, it will
probably interest lots of others.
However, we vastly prefer articles
with accompanying programs
which can be entered and run. The
more unique the idea, the more the
appeal. We have a continuing need
for short articles with short list-
ings. These are especially appeal-
ing to our many beginners.
FORMAT: Program submis-
sions must be on tape or disk, and
it is best to make several saves, at
least one of them in ASCII format.
We're sorry, but we do not have
time to key in programs and debug
our typing errors. All programs
should be supported by some ed-
itorial commentary explaining
how the program works. We also
prefer that editorial copy be in-
cluded on the tape or disk using
any of the word processors cur-
rently available for the Color Com-
puter. Also, please include a
double-spaced printout of your
editorial material and program
listing. Do not send text in all
capital letters; use upper- and
lowercase.
COMPENSATION: We do pay
for submissions, based on a
number of criteria. Those wishing
remuneration should so state
when making submissions.
For the benefit of those who
wish more detailed information on
making submissions, please send
a self-addressed, stamped enve-
lope (SASE) to: Submission
Guidelines, the rainbow, The Fal-
soft Building, P.O. Box 385, Pros-
pect, KY 40059. We will send you
comprehensive guidelines.
Please do not submit material
currently submitted to another
publication.
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 187
About
Your
Subscription
Your copy of the rainbow is
sent second class mail. You
must notify us of a new address
when you move. Notification
should reach us no later than
the 15th of the month prior to
the month in which you change
youraddress. Sorry, we cannot
be responsible for sending
another copy when you fail to
notify us.
Your mailing label also
shows an account number and
the subscription expiration
date. Please indicate this ac-
count number when renewing
or corresponding with us. It
will help us help you better and
faster.
For Canadian and other non-
U.S. subscribers, there may be
a mailing address shown that is
different from our editorial of-
fice address. Do not send any
correspondence to that mail-
ing address. Send it to our edi-
torial offices at Falsoft. Inc..
The Falsoft Building, P.O. Box
385, Prospect, KY 40059. This
applies to everyone except
those whose subscriptions are
through our distributor in Aus-
tralia.
1041
721
2
Feolor(pach, $01) ;
1JJ42
726
2
y :- 175 - Round(Logl0(1.15*results[24]) * 100);
1043
758
2
Secdpcr(pach, 16, y) ;
1044
764
2
For loopcounc :- 1 TO 24 DO BEGIN
1045
780
3
x :- 16 + (loopcounc * 15);
1946
786
3
y :- 175 - Round(Logl0(l. 15*resulcs[ loopcounc] ) * 100);
1(147
823
3
Linom(pach, x, y) ;
1048
829
3
END;
1(149
843
2
Fcolor(pach, 502);
1050
848
2
Cucon(pach) ;
1051
852
2
END;
1110
1222
3
FOR loop2 :- 1 TO 47 DO
1054
1
*
1055
9
1
* Prlncmuf - princ results on printer.
1056
9
1
*)
1057
9
1
PROCEDURE Princmu£(VAR pach : cexc) ;
1058
9
1
1059
9
1
VAR
1060
0D
1
loopl, loop2 : lnceger;
1061
-4D
1
x, y : lnceger:
1062
-8D
1
ofe.hpf.muf : real;
1063
-23D
1
graph : ARRAY [1. . 80,0. .48] OF char;
1064
-3943D
1
1065
-3943D
1
BEGIN
1066
9
2
Revrlce(pach, princpach);
1067
12
2
Wrlteln(pach); Wrlceln(pach) ; Urlceln(pach) ; Wrlceln(pach) ;
1068
48
2
WrlcclnCpach. clcle) ; tfrlceln(pach) ;
1069
78
2
VrtceCpach, ' Predlcclon for: ', name);
1070
102
2
IF (call[l] o Chr(0)) THEN
1071
117
3
Wrltc(pach. ', ".call);
1072
141
2
Wrlteln(pach) ;
1073
150
2
WrlceCpach.' Dace: ',day:2:0.' ' . moname : 3 . ' ');
1074
202
2
Wrlceln(pach, 'SSN: • . sunspoc:3 :0, ■ Flux: ',£lux:3:0);
1075
251
2
Urite(pach, ' To: '.ocncnc,' ('.ocity,*, '.ocncry,'), ')
1076
326
2
tfrlcoln(pach, 'Lac: *,olac:6:2, ' Lon: ',olon:7:2);
1077
375
2
tfrlceln(pach) ;
1078
384
2
Brite(pach,' HODR OFT(HHZ) MUF(MHZ) HPF(MHZ) ' ) ;
1079
400
2
Urlceln(pach. ' HOUR OFT (MHZ) HUF(HHZ) HPF(HHZ)');
1080
421
2
FOR loopl :- 1 CO 12 DO BEGIN
1081
435
3
loop2 :- 12 ♦ loopl;
1082
439
3
oft :- 0.85 * resulcs [ loopl] ;
1083
465
3
hpf :- 1.15 * resulcs[loopl] ;
1084
491
3
Wrlce(pach.loopl:9. ' . ' ,o£c: 6 :1 , resulcs [loopl] :9: 1 .hpf : 9 : 1)
1085
557
3
oft :- 0.85 * re5ulcs[loop2] ;
1086
583
3
hpf :- 1.15 * resulcs [ loop2 ] ;
1087
609
3
Urlteln(pach.loop2:ll.• . • . of c: 6:1, resulcs [loop2] :9:l,hpf :9
1);
1088
678
3
END;
1089
692
2
»rlceln(pach, Ghr(S13). Chr(SlB) . Chr(538));
1090
726
2
FOR loopl :- TO 48 DO
1091
741
3
FOR loop2 :- 1 TO 80 DO
1092
756
4
graph [loop2. loopl] :- ' ';
1093
809
2
FOR loopl :- TO 6 DO BEGIN
1094
823
3
y :- 8 * loopl;
1095
827
3
FOR loop2 :- I TO 80 DO
1096
842
4
graph [loop2.y] :- '-';
1097
879
3
END:
1098
893
2
graph[1.0] :- •!' i graph[15,0]
- '2'; graph(24,0]
- '3' ;
1099
932
2
graph[30.0] :- '4'; graph[35.0]
- -5'; graph[39,0]
- '6' ;
1100
973
2
graph[42,0] :- '7'; graph[45,0]
- '8'; graph[48.0]
- '9' ;
1101
1015
2
graph[50.0] :- 'l* i graph[51.01
- '0'; graph[65.0]
- '2' ;
1102
1060
2
graph(66.0] :- '0'; graph[74,0]
- '3': graph[75,0]
- •9':
1103
1102
2
FOR loopl :- 2 TO 10 DO BEGIN
1104
1116
3
x :- Round(logl0(loopl)*50);
1105
1128
3
FOR loop2 :- I TO 47 DO
1106
1143
4
graph [x, Ioop2] :- '|';
1107
1180
3
END;
1108
1194
2
FOR loopl :- 2 TO 3 DO BEGIN
1109
1208
3
x :- Round(logl0(10*loopl)*50);
1111
1237
4
graph(x,loop2) :- '|':
1112
1274
3
END;
1113
1289
2
FOR loopl :- 1 TO 47 DO BEGIN
1114
1304
3
graph [1, loopl] :- ' | ' ;
1115
1322
3
graph (80. loopl] :- '|'j
1116
1341
3
END:
1117
1355
2
graph[l,8] :- '4'; graph[1.16] :- •8'; graph[1.24]
- '1'i
1118
1394
2
graph[2.24] :- <V; graph(1.32] :- 'l'j graph[2,32]
- '6' ;
1119
1435
2
graph(l.40] :- •2'; graph(2,40] :- '0' ; graph[1.48]
- '2';
1120
1477
2
graph[2.48] :- >4'i
1121
1491
2
x :- Round(logl0(1.15*rosulcs[24])*50);
1122
1519
2
graph(x.01 :- '0':
1123
1539
2
graph(x,48] :- '0';
1124
1558
2
x :- Round(logl0(0.85*resulcs[24])*50);
1125
1586
2
graph[x,0] :- •#• ;
1126
1604
2
graph(x,48] :- ■»■ ;
1127
1623
2
x :- Round(logl0(resulcs(24])*50);
1128
1644
2
graph(x.0] :- ■*' ;
1129
1662
2
graph (x, 48] :- ■*• ;
1130
1681
2
FOR loopl :- 1 TO 23 DO BEGIN
1131
1695
3
y :- 2 * loopl:
1132
1699
3
graph ( Round (logl0(1.15*rosulcs [loopl] )*50).y] :- 'O' ;
1133
1753
3
graph(Round(logl0(0.85*resulcs(loopl])*50).y] :- •»• ;
1134
1811
3
graph[Round(logl0(resulcs[loopl])*50) ,y] :- '*' ;
1135
1858
3
END;
1136
1872
2
FOR loopl :- TO 48 DO BEGIN
188
THE RAINBOW July 1988
1137
1138
1139
116?
1141
1142
1143
1144
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
117?
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
118(1
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
119?
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
12(J2
'-233
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
PROG
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
1887
1902
1949
1958
1972
2006
2009
2012
9
9
9
9
14
17
27
37
47
9
9
69
91
113
135
157
179
205
231
258
284
310
336
341
341
353
368
378
384
384
390
396
411
414
414
420
426
432
448
454
460
466
472
478
484
490
496
515
515
521
533
538
550
562
574
590
596
608
613
625
637
649
665
671
677
693
699
705
711
717
723
729
735
741
744
NAME
SKIPHUF
DUSET
FONT
SELECT
OVSET
CUROFF
SCALESV
FOR loop2 :- 1 TO 80 DO
Write(path, graph (loop2,loopll) ;
Wrlteln(path) ;
END;
Vriteln(path. Chr(SlB) . Chr($36) , Chr(S14));
Pago (path);
Close (pach);
END;
(*
* Doagain - Is another prediction desired?
*)
PROCEDURE Doagaln(VAR pach : text) ;
BEGIN
Write(path, 'Do another MUF prediction (Y/N)? ');
Prompt(path) ;
Reset(pach);
ReadlnCpath. answer);
Rewrite (path) ;
END;
BEGIN
mo[l] :- 31; mo(2) :- 28
mo[3] :- 31; mo(4] :- 30
ao[5] :- 31; mo(6] :- 30
mo[7] :- 31; mot.81 :- 31
oo[9)
:- 30; mo[10] :- 31
mo[ll] :- 30; mo[12J :- 31
aoarray[l]
tnoarray [ 3 ]
moarray[51
moarray(7]
moarray[9]
moarray[ll]
printout :- FALSE;
:- 'JAN*; moarray[2]
;- 'MAR'; noarray[4]
:- 'MAY' ; moarray(6]
:- 'JUL' ; moarray[8J
:- 'SEP'; noarray(10]
'NOV ; moarray[12)
- 'FEB'
- 'APR'
- 'JUN'
- 'AUG'
- 'OCT'
- 'DEC 1
RawrlteCscreen, window);
Dvset(screen, 7, 0, 0, 80, 24, 0, 1, 1);
FontCscreen, 200. 1):
Selecc(screen) ;
Logo(screen) ;
HeaderCscreen) ;
Writeln(screen, 'Initializing program ...');
Init;
REPEAT
Menu(screen) ;
Getdat(screen) ;
Askaborc(screen) ;
UNTIL ((answer - 'Y') OR (answor - 'y'));
Uantprnt(screen) ;
Compmuf ( screen) ;
Shovmuf (screen) ;
Graphmuf (screen) ;
IF printout THEN
Printmuf (printer) ;
Doagain(screen) ;
Owend(screen);
WHILE ((answer - 'Y') OR (answer - 'y')) DO BEGIN
REPEAT
Header(screen) ;
Write(screen. 'Use same geographic area for prediction (Y/N) ');
Prompt(screen) ;
Reset(screen) ;
Readln(screen, answer);
Rewrlte(screen) ;
IF ((answer - 'N') OR (answer - 'n')) THEN
Menu( screen) ;
Brite(screen, 'Use same date and Sunspot/Flux number (Y/N)? ');
Prompc(screen) ;
Reset(screen) ;
Readln(screen, answer);
Rewrice(screen) ;
IF ((answer - 'N") OR (answer - 'n')) THEN
Getdat(screen) ;
Askaborc(screen) ;
UNTIL ((answer - 'Y') OR (answer - 'y'));
tfantprnt(screen);
Compmuf (screen) ;
Showmuf (screen) :
Graphmu£(screen) ;
IF (printout) THEN
Printmuf (printer) ;
Doagain(screen) ;
Owend(screen) ;
END;
END.
PSEC
7
SETDPTR
7
74
1?
12
3
8
BOX
a
74
10
12
9
9
9
LINE
9
74
1J»
12
1?
9
I?
CURXY
if
41
2
12
11
9
11
LINEM
ll
74
1?
12
12
9
12
FCOLOR
12
28
2
12
13
9
13
CURON
13
21
2
12
14
9
14 OWEND
14
21
2
12
15
9
15
LOG 10
16
137
17
17
17
9
16
NORM
15
76
2
17
16
9
17
CLRSCRN
17
20
2
13
18
9
18
LOGO
18
234
32
15
19
354
19
HEADER
21
26
4
15
22
54
20
INIT
23
292
4
18
25
12
21
he:ju
26
967
36
19
30
117
22
GETDAT
31
712
36
22
34
459
23
ASKABORT
36
291
20
16
38
125
24
UANTPRNT
39
75
5
15
40
54
25
HOURMUF
46
1927
160
17
54
26
ACS
41
39
5
27
42
9
27
RPOWER
42
49
5
17
43
9
28
CHECKVAL
43
68
9
18
44
9
29
SON
44
76
5
17
45
9
3?
MINUSEXP
45
41
5
27
46
9
31
COMPMUF
54
230
58
39
55
22
32
SHOWMUF
56
242
18
16
57
41
33
GRAPHMUF
58
853
38
23
62
86
34
PRINTMUF
63
2013
3983
18
71
231
35
DOAGAIN
72
48
4
15
73
55
9856
5320
594
1821
1226
Lines of
source
code compiled with no
errors
found
Actual Heap -
7863
Actual Stack -
4428
Free Memory -
3657
/R\
74
1
2
3
4
5
6
PSIZE
761
86
38
21
78
21
28
LOCAL
821
2
2
2
2
2
2
STACK
25
12
12
12
12
12
12
CSEC
77
2
3
4
5
6
7
CSIZE
211
9
9
9
9
9
9
Him . . .
Handy Work
Window
Using the overlay window command.
ONSET, in a couple of short procedures, a
"work window" can be opened over the top of
OS- 1 ) or HAS1C09 screens where there is work
underway. Such a nondestructive window
takes on the characteristics of the window it
overlays — that is, it opens with either the OS-
9 or the BAStaw prompt. BASiaw is used to
create the two procedures:
PROCEDURE uu
RUN gfx2( "ONSET", 1,2, 2, 30,
20,2,0)
RUN gfx2["B0LDSN","0N")
PRINT"Worl< window. . ."
RUN gfx2("B0LD5W","0FF")
END
PROCEDURE quw
RUN gfx2("0WEND")
END
The procedures are then saved under the name
of the first: save* ww, and subsequently
packed: pack* uiw.
The final step is to edit the startup file by
adding load uu to whatever else is found in
it. On a 5I2K machine, runb and gfx2
should also be added to s ta r tup to get quick
response from the work window call. At the
OS-9 prompt you merely type wu and press
ENTER, or type quu and press ENTER to exit
to your main window. If at the basicom
prompt, then Sww or Squw would be needed.
Del Turner
Kamloops. IK
July 15
THE RAINBOW
189
Racksellers
The retail stores listed below carry THE RAINBOW on a regular basis and
may have other products of interest to Tandy Color Computer users. We
suggest you patronize those in your area.
ALABAMA
Blimingham
Jotterson News Co.
Brewton
McDowell Electronics
Florence
Anderson News Co.
Gieenville
MSB Electronics
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Madison Books
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Trade 'N' Books
Tuscaloosa
Injun John's, Inc.
ALASKA
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Electronic World
ARIZONA
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A & W Graphics Co.
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City
Book Nook
Phoenix
TRI-TEK Computers
Tempe
Books, Elc.
Computer Library
lucson
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ARKANSAS
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Vaughn Electronics/Radio Shack
Ft. Smilh
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Little Rock
Anderson News Co.
CALIFORNIA
Berkeley
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Citrus Heights
Software Plus
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Hollywood
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Stet-Jen, Inc.
La Jolla
Bullet & Mayes Booksellers
Los Angeles
Circus of Books (2 Locations)
Marysville
Bookland
Napa
Bookends Bookstore
Oakland
DeLauer's News Agency
Saciamento
Delbert's Readerama
Tower Magazine
San Francisco
Booksmllh
Bookworks
Castro Kiosk
Sanla Monica
Midnight Special Bookstore
Son Jose
Computer Literacy Bookshops
Santa Rosa
Sawyer's News. Inc.
Stockton
Harding Way News
Paperbacks Unlimited
Sunnyvale
Computet Literacy
Torrance
El Comina College Bookstore
COLORADO
Aurora
Aurora Newssland
Colorado
Springs
Hathawa/s
Denver
News Gallery
Glenwood
Springs
The Book Train
Grand
Junction
Readmore Book 8c Magazine
Longmont
City Newsstand
DELAWARE
Middletown
Delmar Co.
Newark
Newark Newsstand
Wilmington
Normar. Inc.— The Smoke Shop
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
Washington.
DC
Chronichles
News Room
World News. Inc
FLORIDA
Boca Raton
Great American Book Co.
Clearwater
The Avid Reader
Cocoa
The Open Door
Dania
Dania News & Books
Davie
Software Plus More
Fl Lauderdale
Bob's News & Book-Store
Clarks Out of Town News
Mike's Electronics Distributor
Gainesville
Paper Chase
Jacksonville
Book Co.
North Miami
Beach
Almat Bookstore
Panama City
Boyd-Ebert Corp.
Pensacola
Anderson News Co.
Pinellas Poik
Wolfs Newsstand
South
Pasadena
Poling Place Bookstore
Starke
Record Junction, Inc.
Radio Shack Dealer
Sunrise
Sunny's at Sunset
Tallahassee
Anderson News Co.
DuBey's News Center
Titusville
Computrac
190 THE RAINBOW July 1988
GEORGIA
Atlanta
Border's
Bremen
Bremen Eleclronlcs/Radio Shack
Forest Park
Ellere News Center
Jesup
Radio Shack
Thomasvllle
Smokehouse Newsstand
Toccoa
Martin Music Radio Shack
IDAHO
Be si-
Book Shell. Inc.
Moscow
Johnson News Agency
ILLINOIS
Belleville
Software or Systems
Champaign
Bookmark
Chicago
B. Dallon Booksellers
Decatur
Book Emporium
K-Mart Plaza
Northgate Mall
East Mollne
Book Emporium
Evanston
Norris Center Bookstore
Kewanee
Book Emporium
Lisle
Book Nook
Lombard
Empire Periodicals
Newton
Bill's TV Radio Shock
Paris
Book Emporium
Peoria
Book Emporium
Sheridan Village
Westlake Shopping Center
Illinois News Service
Springfield
Book Emporium
Sangamon Center North
Town & Country Shopping Or.
Sunnyland
Book Emporium
West Frankfort
Paper Place
Wheeling
North Shore Distributors
INDIANA
Angola
D & D Electronics
Radio Shack
Berne
White Cottage Electronics
Bloomlngton
Book Coiner
Columbus
Micro Computet Systems, Inc.
Crawfordsville
Koch's Books
Dyer
Miles Books
Franklin
Gallery Book Shop
Ft. Wayne
Michlana News Service
Garrett
Finn News Agency, Inc.
Indianapolis
Bookland. Inc
Borders Bookshop
Delmar News
Indiana News
Southside News
Lebanon
Gallery Book Shop
Martinsville
Radio Shack
Richmond
Voyles News Agency, Inc.
Wabash
Milling's Electronics
IOWA
Davenport
Interstate Book Store
Des Moines
Thackery's Books, Inc.
Fairfield
Kramers Books & Gifts
KANSAS
Hutchinson
Crossroads, Inc
Topeka
Palmer News, Inc.
Town Crier of Topeka, Inc.
Wellington
Dandy's/Radio Shock Dealer
Wichita
Lloyd's Radio
KENTUCKY
Hazard
Daniel Boone Gulf Mart
Henderson
Mali's News & Gifts
Hopkinsville
Hobby Shop
Louisville
Hawley-Cooke Booksellers (2 Locations)
Paducah
Radio Shack
LOUISIANA
Baton Rouge
City News Stand
Lockport
TV Doctor/Radio Shack
Now Orleans
Sldne/s News Stand Uptown
Monroe
The Book Rack
MAINE
Bangor
Magazines, Inc
Brockton
Voyager Bookstore
Caribou
Radio Shack
Oxford
Books-N-Things
Sanford
Radio Shack
MARYLAND
College Park
University Bookstore
MASSACHUSETTS (cont'd)
Ipswich Ipswich News
Littleton Computer Plus
Lynn North Shore News Co.
Swansea Newsbreak. Inc
MASSACHUSETTS
Boslon Eastern Newssland
Brockton Voyager Bookstore
Cambridge Out Of Town News
MICHIGAN
Allen Pork
Book Nook, Inc
Birmingham
Border's Book Shop
Durand
Robblns Electronics
E. Detroit
Merit Book Center
Harrison
Harrison Radio Shack
Hillsdale
Electronics Express/Radio Shack
Holland
Fris News Company
Muskegon
The Eight Bit Corner
Nlles
Michiana News Service
Perry
Perry Computers
Rrverview
Rivervlew Book Store
Rosevllle
New Horizons Book Shop
MINNESOTA
Burnsville
Shlnder's Burnsville
Crystal
Shlnder's Crystal Gallery
Edina
Shinder's Leisure Lane
Mlnneopolls
Shlnder's (2 Locations)
Mlnnetonka
Shinder's Ridge Square
Rosevllle
Shinder's Roseville
SI. Paul
Shinder's Annex
Shlnder's Maplewood
Shinder's St. Pauls
Wllimar
The Photo Shop
MISSOURI
Farmington
Ray's TV & Radio Shack
Flat River
Ray's TV & Radio Shack
Florissant
Book Brokers Unlimited
Jefferson City
Cowley Distributing
Klrksville
T&R Electronics
St. Louis
Book Emporium
St. Robert
Bailey's TV S Radio
MONTANA
Butte
Plaza Books
NEBRASKA
Lincoln
Nebraska Bookstore
Omaha
Nelson News
NEVADA
Carson City
Bookcellar
Las Vegas
Hurley Electronics
Steve's Books & Magazines
NEW HAMPSHIRE
Keene
Radio Shack Associate Store
Manchester
Bookwrights
West Lebanon
Verham News Corp.
NEW JERSEY
Atlantic City
Atlantic City News Agency
Cedar Knolls
Village Computer & Software
Clinton
Micro World II
Pennsvllle
Dave's Elect. Radio Shack
Rockaway
Software Station
NEW MEXICO
Alamogordo
New Horizons Computer Systems
Albuquerque
Page One Newsstand
Santa Fe
Downtown Subscription
NEW YORK
Amherst
Village Green-Bulfalo Books
Brockport
Lift Bridge Book Shop. Inc.
Brooklyn
Ciomland. Inc.
Elmlra Heights
Southern Tier News Co., Inc.
Fredonla
On Une: Computer Access Center
Hudson Falls
G.A. West & Co.
Huntington
Oscar's Bookshop
Johnson City
Unicorn Electronics
New York
Barnes & Noble— Sales Annex
Coliseum Books
Eastern Newsstand
Grand Central Station. Track 37
200 Park Ave. (Pan Am #1)
55 Water Street
World Trade Center #2
First Stop News
Idle Hours Bookstore
International Smoke Shop
Jonll Smoke
PennBook
Software City
State News
Walden Books
World Wide Media Services
Pawling
Universal Computer Service
Rochester
Village Green
World Wide News
Woodhaven
Spectrum Projects
NORTH CAROLINA
Cary
News Center in Cary Village
Chapel Hill
University News & Sundry
Charlotte
Newsstcnd Inf 1
Hickory
C" Books & Comics
Jacksonville
Michele's. Inc.
Kernersville
K & S Newsstand
Marlon
Boomers Rhythm Center
Winston-Salem
K & S Newsstand (3 Locations)
Rainbow News Ltd.
OHIO
Akron
Churchill News & Tobacco
Canton
Little Professor Book Center
Chardon
Thrasher Radio & TV
Cincinnati
Clnsolt
Cleveland
Erieview News
Columbiana
Fidelity Sound & Electronics
Columbus
B5 Software
Micro Center
The Newsstand
Dayton
Books & Co.
Huber Heights Book & Card
Wilke News
Wright News & Books
Dublin
Book Barn
Fairborn
News-Readers
Wilke's University Shoppe
Flndley
Open Book
Kent
The News Shop
Lakewood
Lakewood International News
Lima
Edu-Caterers
Miamisburg
Wilke News
Parma
Bookmark Newscenter
Toledo
Leo's Book & Wine Shop
Warren
Book Nook. Inc
Xenia
Fine Print Books
Youngstown
Plaza Book & Smoke Shop
OKLAHOMA
Oklahoma
City
Merit Micro Software
Taklequah
Thomas Sales, Inc. dba Radio Shack
Tulsa
Steve's Book Store
OREGON
Eugene
Libia Books — Book Mark
Portland
Fifth Avenue News
Rich Cigar State, Inc.
Sixth & Washington News
Salem Capitol News Center
Checkmate Book
PENNSYLVANIA
Allentown
Owl Services
Altoona
Newborn Enterprises
Bryn Mawr
Bryn Mawr News
Cony
Cony Books & Cards
Feaslerville
Global Books
King of Prussia
Gene's Books
Malvern
Personal Software
Reading
Smith's News & Card Center
Temple
Software Corner
West Chester
Chester County Book Co.
Wind Gap
Micro World
York
The Computer Center of York
Tollgote Bookstore
RHODE ISLAND
Newport
Bellevue News
SOUTH CAROLINA
Charleston Hts.
Software Haus. Inc.
Clemson
Clemson Newsstand
Florence
Ray's *1
Greenville
Palmetto News Co.
Spartanburg
Software City
TENNESSEE
Brentwood
Bookworld #5
Chattanooga
Anderson News Co.
Guild Books & Periodicals
Dickson
Highland Electronics
Knoxvllle
Anderson News Co.
Davis-Kidd Bookseller
Memphis
Computer Center
Nashville
Davis-Kidd Booksellers
Mosko's Place
R.M. Mills Bookstore
Smyrna
Delker Electronics
TEXAS
Big Spring
Poncho's News
Desoto
Maxwell Books
Elgin
The Homing Pigeon
Harlington
Book Mark
UTAH
Provo
Valley Book Center
VIRGINIA
Danville
K & S Newsstand
Hampton
Benders
Norfolk
l-O Computers
Tum The Page
Richmond
Volume I Bookstore
WASHINGTON
Port Angeles
Port Book & News
Seattle
Adams News Co.. Inc.
Bulldog News
Tacoma
B & 1 Magazines & Books
Nybbles 'N Bytes
WEST VIRGINIA
Huntington
Nick's News
Logan
Stan's Electronics & Radio Shack
Madison
Communications. LID
Parkersburg
Valley News Service
South
Charleston
Spring Hill News
WISCONSIN
Appleton
Badger Periodicals
Cudahy
Cudahy News 6t Hobby
Kenosha
R.K. News, Inc
Madison
Pic A Book
University Bookstore
Milwaukee
Juneau Village Reader
Waukesha
Holt Variety
ARGENTINA
Cordoba
Information Telecommunicoliont
AUSTRALIA
Blaxland
Blaxland Computers
Klngsford
Paris Radio Electronics
CANADA:
ALBERTA
Bantf
Banff Radio Shack
Bonnyville
Paul Tercier
Brooks
Double "D" AS.C. Radio Shack
Calgary
Billy's News
Clareshotm
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Drayton Valley
Langard Electronics
Edmonton
CMD Micro
Edson
Radio Shack, asd
Fairview
D.N.R. Furniture & TV
Fox Creek
Fox City Color & Sound
A.S.C. Radio Shack
Ft. Saskatche-
wan
Ft. Mall Radio Shack. ASC
Grande
Cache
The Stereo Hul
Grande
Centre
The Book Nook
Hinton
Jim Cooper
tnnisfail
L & S Stereo
Lecombe
Brian's Electronics
Leduc
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Lelhbridge
Datalron
Lloydmlnster
Uoyd Radio Shack
Okotoks
Okotoks Radio Shack
Peace River
Radio Shack Associated Stores
Tavener Software
St. Paul
Walter's Electronics
Stettler
Stettler Radio Shack
Strathmore
Wheatland Electronics
Taber
Pynewood Sight & Sound
Westlock
Westlock Stereo
Wetaskiwln
Radio Shack
BRITISH COLUMBIA (cont'd)
BRITISH COLUMBIA
Burnaby Compulit
Burns Lake VT Video Works
Campbell
River TRS Electronics
Chllliwack
Charles Parker
Coquitlam
Cody Books LTD
Coortenay
Rick's Music & Stereo
Dawson Creek
Bell Radio & TV
Golden
Taks Home Furnishings
Kelowna
Telesoft Maiketlng
Langley
Langley Radio Shack
Nelson
Oliver's Books
New West-
minster
Cody Books LTD
Parksvllle
Paiksville TV
Penticton
D.J.'s
Four Comer Grocery
Sidney
Sidney Electronics
Smlthers
Wall's Home Furniture
Squamish
Kotyk Eleclronlcs
Vancouver
Active Components
Friendlyware Computers
Granville Book Co.
Sillconnectlons Books LTD
100 Mile
House
Tip Top Radio 8t TV
MANITOBA
Altona
LA Wiebr Ltd.
Lundar
Goranson Elec.
Morden
Central Sound
The Pas
Jodi's Sight & Sound
Selkirk
G.L Enns Elec.
Virden
Archer Enterprises
Winnipeg
J & J Electronics Ltd.
NEW BRUNSWICK
Moncton
Jeffries Enterprises
Sussex
Dewirt Elec.
NEWFOUNDLAND
Borwood Seaport Elec.
Carbonear Slade Realties
NOVA SCOTIA
Halifax Atlantic News
ONTARIO
Angus
Aurora
Concord
Exceter
Hanover
Huntsville
Kenoia
Kingston
Listowel
South River
QUEBEC
LaSalle
Pont. Rouge
Ville St. Gabriel
SASKATCHEWAN
Assiniboia
Estevan
Moose Jaw
Nipiwan
Regina
Saskotoon
Shellbiooke
Tlsdale
Unity
YUKON
Whitehorse
Micro Computer Services
Compu Vision
Ingram Soltware
J. Macleane & Sons
Modern Appliance Centre
Huntsville Elec.
Donny "B"
T.M. Computers
Modern Appliance Centre
Max TV
Dennis TV
Messagerles de Presse Benjamin Enr
Boutique Bruno Laroche
Gilles Comeau Enr/Radio Shack
Telstar News
Kotyk Electronics
D&S Computer Place
Cornerstone Sound
Regina CoCo Club
Software Supermarket
Everybody's Software Library
Gee. Laberge Radio Shack
Paul's Service
Grant's House of Sound
JAPAN
Tokyo
PUERTO RICO
San Juan
H S O Holdings
America Ado. Inc.
Software City
Also available at all B. Dalton Booksellers, and
selected Coles — in Canada, Walden books, Pickwick
Books, Encore Books, Barnes & Noble, Little
Professors, Tower Book & Records, Kroch's &
Brentano's, and Community Newscenters.
July 1988 THE RAINBOW 191
Advertisers Index
IVe encourage you to patronize our advertisers — all of whom support the Tandy Color
Computer. We will appreciate your mentioning THE rainbow when you contact these firms.
After Five Software 149
Alpha Products 21
Alpha Software Technologies 113
Burke & Burke 39
Cer-Comp 78, 79
Cinsoft 166
CJN Enterprises 45
Clearbrook Software
Group 166
CocoTech 1 53
Codis Enterprises 55
Cognitec 29
Colorware 18, 19, 22, 23
Computer Center 31
Computer Island 125
Computer Plus 3
Computerware 1 93
D.P. Johnson 177
DATAMATCH, INC 113
Dayton Associates of
W. R. Hall, Inc 126,127
Delphi 42,43
Diecom IFC
Disto/CRC 55
Dorsett Educational Systems IBC
E-Z Friendly Software 12
Easy Street Data Systems 106
Electronic Energy Control 165
FoxWare 33
4-Techs 94
Frank Hogg Laboratory ...168, 169
Fraser Instrument 32
GEnie 65
Gimmesoft 1 79
Granite Computer Systems .... 1 53
Hawkes Research
Services 87
HAWKSoft, Inc 115
Heroic Destinies 49
Howard Medical 66, 194
J & R Electronics 45
K— SOFT 95
KLC Software 37
Metric Industries 173
Micro Works, The 163
Microcom Software 9, 11, 13, 15, 17
192 THE RAINBOW July 1988
Microtech Consultants
Inc 121
MicroWorld 99
Other Guys CoCo, The 107
Owl-Ware 69, 70, 71
Performance Peripherals 61
Perry Computers 151
Preble's Programs, Dr BC
PXE Computing 7
R.G.B. Computer Systems 77
Rainbow Binder 185
Rainbow Bookshelf 152
Rainbow Gift Subscription 44
Rainbow on Tape and Disk 104
RAM Electronics 77
Renco Computer Printer
Supplies 63
RTB Software 87
Sardis Technologies 175
SD Enterprises 25
Second City Software 47
SpectroSystems 167
SPORTSWARE 37
Sugar Software 41
Sun Products 49
Sundog Systems 1 83
T & D Software 97, 108, 109
T.E.M. of California 117
Tandy/Radio Shack 102, 103
Tepco 59
Three C's 63
Tothian 115
True Data Products 56, 57
Vidicom Corporation 33
Wasatchware 117
Western Hills Software 75
Woodstown Electronics 167
Zebra Systems 1 05
Call:
Belinda Kirby
Advertising Representative
The Falsoft Building
9509 U.S. Highway 42
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
(502) 228-4497
□ Call:
Kim Vincent
Advertising Representative
The Falsoft Building
9509 U.S. Highway 42
P.O. Box 385
Prospect, KY 40059
(502) 228-4492
■aturcs
to
• Data Merge capability to interface with our OS-9 Text
Formatter - perfect for using data master information
imbedded in letters, forms, and morel
• Expanded file list display capabilities make it easier to
scan through your data files.
Update for current users:
Data Master users can receive this new version by
ordering "Data Master Update" for only SIO. /Data
Master registration card must be on filelj
RON CROSS
by John & Michael Galus
v/The German invasion of Russia
7 began at 0300 on 22 June 1941.
Two massive armies faced each
other in a titanic struggle which
would decide World War II. The
object of IRON CROSS is to
defeat the Russian forces con-
trolled by the computer & to
take control of the Russian cities.
Requires 64K, Ext. Basic. Disk. $24.95
tt
u
Screen Star
by Scott Cabit
Data Master
by BJ Chambless
Simplify with pull-down menus
All options are available from anywhere in the program.
To make it even simpler, each menu option can be invoked
by a single character!
Dialog boxes
Pop-up windows display current settings and available
choices.
Unique LIST display format
You view data In easy-to-read rows 8 columns. From this
easy-to-read screen you may edit your data, without hav-
ing to exit. Mass changes are a snapl
For even more power, use an access key to selectively dis-
play a subset of records and can change them right on the
screenl
Compatibility with OS-9 Profile S Data Bank
You won't lose any of your valuable datal
Easy Expansion
with re-definition of records and transfer of files.
Elements 8 Records:
Each record can contain up to 512 characters used within
35 elements. Elements are defined as: alphanumeric
(descriptive data), math (real numbers including dollars 8
cents), date, and derived (formulas calculated from other ele-
ments in the same record). You can store any type of data
using these field types!
Displays Entry Screens
Design up to 9 different screen formats for data display
and data entry for each data base. This is helpful for access-
ing your data for different purposes.
Sorts 8 Selections:
Up to 9 different access keys can be defined. These are
used for displaying data on the screen or selecting data for
printing. You may use several levels of sorts as well as logi-
cal operators to select just the right data. A powerful generic
search is also available.
Reports:
See your data any way you want by designing your own
reports) Data Master offers easy-to-use tools to design pro-
fessional reports including report headings, titles, column
headings, automatic page numbers, column totals, and
more. Store up to 9 report formats for each data base.
File Management
Built-in file management capabilities allow easy file
manipulation for transferring daia Files, renaming data files,
expanding data files, and more.
Upload/Download
Data Master can read and write standard sequential files
which aids in data transfer between DynaCalc and many
others.
Full keyboard ease
taking full advantage of the CoCo 3's cursor and function
keys.
OS-9 accessible
Even while operating within Data Master.
Also available from Radio Shack
through Express Order Software
Screen Star implements the popular WordStar editing
capabilities. If you know WordStar you already know how
to use Screen Starl
• Edit flies larger than memory since Screen Star uses the
disk as an extension of memory.
• Block Commands - with a keystroke you can mark the
stan: and end of a block, then move, copy, or delete the
block.
• Cursor Movement is easy with an array of commands to
move left or right one character, or one word, or one line;
scroll forward or back one line, one screen, one block;
jump to the start or end of the line or the screen, block,
or file.
• Find 8 Find/Replace Commands make mass changes and
searches a snap.
■ Pop-Up Help Menus are as close as a keystroke.
call or write today for
Requires OS-9 Disk
With Text Formatter
Call or Write to:
Requires OS-9 Level II,
CoCo3,512K
564.95
Closing Commands let you exit the editor with or with-
out save, and can import or export files whenever you
need them.
1 Smart Speller is included.
1 Parameter commands personalize your environment.
' Access the OS-9 Shell.
1 Up to 10 functions keys can be defined by CoCo 3 users
for fast, repetitive functions.
1 Use with the Text Formatter (or a full word processing
team. Simply imbed the Text Formatter commands in your
Screen Star file and it will be printed in stylel
' Level 1 8 Level 2 are supported and both versions are
included.
S49.95
S74.95
OS-9 Text
Formatter
Also available from Radio Shack
through Express Order Software
An easy way to get beautiful documents and letters with
OS-9, Text Formatter interfaces with any editor that pro-
duces standard ASCII text files.
Features include left and right Justification, page breaks,
special spacing, automatic pagination, automatic page
numbering, centering, Indenting, tabs, and sending
escape and control codes to your printer as well as sophis-
ticated headers and footers. Special functions include
macros for often used sequences, relative arguments, up-
per and lower case modes, nonprintable remarks, and more 1
Requires OS-9
S 34.95
COMPUTERWARE l*wi«"wa
'<0 r Box 668 • Enclnltas, CA • 92024
FREE Catalog
Color Connection
This is the most comprehensive modem package for the CoCol All protocols are
supported including CompuServe Protocol B. XMODEM, and XON/XOFF. Auto dial
feature for both Hayes compatible and some Radio Shack modems. You can use all
baud rates when using the Radio Shack Deluxe RS232 program packl Printer baud
rates are selectable.
You can print from the buffer and files bigger than the buffer can be uploaded and
downloaded. Download direct to disk with automatic XON/XOFF protocol. Single
key macros allow easy entry of often used passwords and IDs Hl-res screens with
a choice of colors are used. All printable characters are available and all control charac-
ters are supported.
RSDOSDIsk S49.95 OS-9 Disk RS232 pak is required S49.95
Name
Address .
City
Yes! Send me your FREE catalog!
VISA MasterCard
Card *
Signature
State .
CoCo D
.Zip.
. Exp. .
Item
Format
Price
Shipping 6'/i% Calif. Sales Tax .
Surface — S3 minimum. COD Add S5 .
3% for orders over SIOO Shipping" .
Air or Canada — S6 minimum. TOTAL .
6% for orders over SIOO
Checks are delayed for bank clearance
HOWARD MEDICAL COMPUTERS
1690 N. Elston • Chicago, IL 60622 • orders (800) 443-1444 • inquiries and order status (312) 278-1440
* 5 STAR FINAL
JULY '88
CLEAR
HMC BIG WINNERS
*
DC-2 with printer port still
able to go the distance. s 98
J&M Disk Controller with parallel
port/Hard Drive expansion bus makes
a revival with the CoCo 3.
New from J&M
DISK CONTROLLER
is a scaled-down version of the popular
DC-2 without a parallel port. It includes
a switch with 2 ROM sockets, JDOS,
manual and such features as gold con-
nectors and metal box. It accesses
double sided drives and accepts
RSDOS 1.1 for Radio Shack
compatability. *65 DC-4 with
memory minder ($2 stopping)
Game Winning Controller
RS DOS ROM CHIP
ROM chip fits inside disk controller.
24 pin fits both J&M and RS controller
Release LI. For CoCo 3 Compatibility.
s 25 each Reg. $40 ($2 shipping)
NEW FROM DISTO s 129
($2 Shipping) Super Controller II
works with CoCo 1, 2 & 3. It buffers
keyboard input so that no keystrokes
are lost when disk is reading or wilt-
ing. Especially useful with OS-9, but
also works with BASIC.
MONITOR
Sony KV-1311CR *499
Regular $625 ($15 shipping)
• Vivid Color • Vertically flat 13"
screen • Monitor/Trinitron TV with
remote control • 640 x 240 reso-
lution at 15MHZ .37 mm Dot pitch
• RGB analog & digital; TTL; and
composite inputs • VCR inputs
• Cable to CoCo 3 $36
WORD PACK RS *49
CoCo Max »78 45
Basic Screen Editor »19 96
MYDOS «15
PayroI/BAS s 29 ! ' 3
VIP Library «125
VIP Writer s 65
"Guarantee" As
Howard Medical's 30-day guarantee
is meant to eliminate the uncertainty
of dealing with a company through
the mail. Once you receive our hard-
ware, try it out; test it for compat-
ibility. If you're not happy with it for
good as Gold.
any reason, return it in 30 days and
we'll give you your money back (less
shipping.) Shipping charges are for
48 states. APO, Canada and Puerto
Rico orders are higher.
Hard Drive— Ready to Run!
s 499 ($9 Shipping) 20,000,000
Bytes or the equivalent to a 125 R.S.
501 's on line are packed into this
hard drive, pre installed and ready to
run. All you need to do is plug it in
and go! This complete easy to use
package includes a Seagate 20 Meg
Hard Drive, a Western Digital WD
1002-WX 1 Controller and interface
that plugs into slot #3 of multipack
interface, plus the case & power sup-
ply. You even get a 1 year warranty.
This 20 meg Hard Drive will work
with IBM & clones. Basic driver,
$49.95, lets you access this hard
drive without need for OS-9. Order
today!
hotline
DON'T MISS OUT,
ORDER TODAY!
800 / 443-1444
WE ACCEPT VISA
• MASTERCARD • AMERICAN
EXPRESS • C.O.D. OR CHECKS
• SCHOOL P.O.
COMPUTER AIDED INSTRUCTION
Educational Programs for Students Grade K-12 and Adult Self Studies
NEW PROGRAMS FOR YOUR TANDY 1000
AND TRS-80 COLOR COMPUTER
Compatible with Apple - Atari - Commodore - TRS 80 I, III, 4 - IBM PC Jr.
16 New Programs now available in Basic Spanish
• NEW! VIDEO CASSETTES FOR VHS!
InnerActive Video Tutorials
Complete with audio narration
4 cassettes with 8 programs in each of the
following subject areas:
• Basic Spanish Grammar
• Basic Algebra
• Reading by Phonics
• Basic Fractions
2 programs per tape. Running time: 45 minutes per tape.
16 Programs on 8 VHS Tapes $159°
W
per/tape
.syllable adjectives
id in (J usually just add
CALL TOLL FREE
FOR MORE INFORMATION
Which has
You Has be able to
reduce your taxes by
- incofte
avera9 ing
- incone
splitting
- tax shelte
M
One-sy 1 table adjectives that
end in M usually just add I U
Which has one syllable?
■ Q sly
Interactive Tutorial Programs for Home or Classroom Use
Over 1000 programs for your selection with 32 now available on disk for the Color
Computer and 500 now available for the Tandy 1000.
"We're Your Educational
Software Source"
Subject M - ~« n
Reading Development 256 (4 on disk)
Reading Comprehension 48 (4 on disk)
Mathematics 128
Algebra 16 (16 on disk)
History 32 (4 on disk)
Spelling 16
Government 16
Physics 16 (4 on disk)
16 Programs in each
of the following:
Children's Tales - Carpentry - Electronics
Health Services - Office Skills - Statistics
First Aid/Safety - Economics - Business
Accounting - Psychology - MUCH MORE!
Send lor our tree catalog ol over 1000 Dorsell oduta
lional programs tor Atari. TRS 80. Apple. IBM PC Jr..
Commodore. Tandy 1000. etc.
Apple II, TRS 80 I, III, & 4, and
Commodore 64 computers require
respective conversion kits (plug-In board
400/600/800/1200 computers require the
Atari cassette recorder and the Dorset!
4001 Educational Master Cartridge,
$9.95. For the IBM PC Jr. a cassette
adapter cable and a good cassette
recorder are required. The Tandy 1000
requires the Dorset! M1001 speaker/PC
board kit, $69.00, and a standard
cassette recorder. A Radio Shack
CCR-81 or CCR-82 is recommended.
CASSETTES: $59.50 tor an album con-
taining a 16-program course (8 cassettes
with 2 programs each); $9.95 for a
2-program casselte.
DISKS: $14.95 for a one-program disk;
$28.95 for two disks; $48.95 for four
disks. All disks come In a vinyl album.
Dealer Inquires Welcome
Dorsett Educational Software features:
• Interactive Learning
• User Frifindlv
Multiple Choice and Typed
Program Advance with Correct Response
i Full-time audio narration (Cassette
Programs Only)
• Self-Paced Study
1 High Resolution Graphics
■ Easy Reading Text
For more Information, or to order call:
TOLL FREE 1-800-654-3871
IN OKLAHOMA CALL (405) 288-2301
r^) DORSETT
\^^^ Educational Systems, Inc.
Box 1226, Norman. OK 73070
Dear Friends,
Thank you 1988 marks our
fifth year of providing quality
Software for the Color computer
Only your support has made it
possible So, from our heart3. Peg
and I thank you And remember our
promise--!! you buy it from u.3, we
support it If you are unhappy for
any re33on» send it back for a full
refund within 30 days of purchase
Pyramix
Thi3 facinating CoCo 3 game
continues to be one of our best
sellers Pyramix is 100% machine
language written exclusively to take
advantage of all the power in your
128K CoCo 3 The Colors are
brilliant, the graphics sharp, the
action last Written by Jordon
T3vetkoff and a product of Color -
Venture.
The Freedom Series
Vocal Freedom
I've got to admit, this 13 one
nifty computer program Vocal
Freedom tarns your computer into a
digital voice or sound recorder.
The optional Hacker's Pac lets
you incorporate voices or 30und3
that you record into your own
BASIC or ML programs Thi3 13 not
a synthesizer Sounds 3re digitized
directly into computer memory 30
tliat voices or sound effects 3ound
very natural One "off-the-shelf"
application for Vocal Freedom is an
automatic message -minder Record
a message for your family into
memory. Set Vocal Freedom on
automatic When Vocal Freedom
"hear3" any noise in the room, it
IBr. ffctfcle'* ftvogvmz
wmmm
For Color Computer Software
Since 1983
1
plays the pre-recorded message!
Disk operations are supported VF
3lso tests memory to take advantage
of from 64K up to a full 512K. Re-
quires low cost amplifiler (RS cat.
"277-1008) and any microphone
Mental Freedom
Would your friends be impressed
if your computer could read their
minds? Mental Freedom use3 the
techniques of Biofeedback to
control video game action on the
screen. Telekinesis? Yes, you con-
trol the action with your thoughts
and emotions And. oh ye3. it t3lks
in a perfectly natural voice without
using a speech synthesizer!
Requires Radio Shack'3 low cost
Biofeedback monitor. Cat. »63-6?5
BASIC Freedom
Do you ever type in BASIC
programs- -manually, I mean. If you
do, you know it can be a real chore
Ba3ic Freedom changes all that It
gives you a full screen editor just
like a word procesaor. but for
BASIC programs Once loaded in. it
13 alway3 on-line It hide3 invis-
ibly until you call it forth with a
3ingle keypress! Thi3 program 13 a
must for programers or anyone who
type3 in programs. By Chri3
Babcock and a product of Color -
Venture
Lightning Series
These three utilities give real
power to your CoCo 3-
Ramdisk Lightning
This is the best Ramdisk
available. It let3 you have up to 4
mechanical di3k drives and 2 Ram
dnv*3 on-line and 13 fully compat-
ible with our printer spooler below.
Printer Lightning
Load it and forget it- -except for
the versatility it give3 you Never
wait for your printer again 1 Printer
runs at high 3peed while you
continue to work at the keyboard!
Backup Lightning
This utility requires 51 2K Reads
your master di3k once and then
tn3ke3 3uperfa3t multiple di3k
backups on all your dirves! No
need to format blank disks first!
Supports 35. 40 or 80 track drives.
Prices
CoCo 3 only
Ram Disk Lightning. Disk ..$1995
Printer Lightning Disk $19 95
Backup Lightning. Disk $1 995
All three. Di3k $49.95
Pyramix, Di3k $24. 95
CoCo 1,2, or 3
Vocal Freedom, Disk $34.95
Vocal Freedom Hackers Pac $14 95
CoCo 2 or 3 only
Mental Freedom Di3k $24.95
Basic Freedom. Di3k $24 95
CoCo 1 or 2 only
VDOS. The Undisk. ramdi3k for the
CoCo 1 or 2 only. Tape $24. 95
VDUMP. backup Undisk (ile3 to
single tape file. Tape $14 95
VPRINT. Print Undi3k directory.
Tape $9 95
Everyone
Add $2.50 shipping/ handling
in USA or CANADA
Add $5.00 to ship to other
countries
Dr. Preble s Programs
6540 Outer Loop
Louisville, KT 40226
24 Hour Hot Line
(502) 969 1616
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