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GENEALOGY COLLECTION
3 1833 01431 8908
Digitized by the Internet Arciiive
in 2010 with funding from
Allen County Public Library Genealogy Center
http://www.archive.org/details/stokesrecordsnot03instok
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STOKES RECORDS
NOTES
REGARDING THE ANCESTRY AND LIVES OF
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
HELEN LOUISA (PHELPS) STOKES
BY
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
IN FOUR VOLUMES
VOLUME HI
NEW YORK
PRIVATELY PRINTED FOR THE FAMILY
1915
Copyright, 1915, by
ELEN L. Phelps Stoke
18G5177
CONTENTS
Lives of Anson Phelps Stokes and Helen Louisa (Phelps)
Stokes FROM 1888 TO 1 91 3 i
Last Illness AND Death OF Anson Phelps Stokes . . . .154
Extracts from Letters Received by the Family from
Friends 163
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
Mr. and Mrs. Anson Phelps Stokes, June, 1 9 13 . . . .Frontispiece
Mr. and Mrs. Anson Phelps Stokes, 1890 4
Anson Phelps Stokes in court dress 8
Sarah Phelps Stokes in presentation dress 10
Helen Phelps Stokes in presentation dress 10
The Homestead, Lenox second plate . 10
The Homestead, Hall second plate . 10
Lawn Party, Lenox 13
Flower Parade, Lenox 13
No. 229 Madison Avenue, residence of Anson Phelps Stokes . . 14
Dingley Hall, Market Harborough, England 16
Carrie and Mildred Stokes at Dingley 19
Anson Phelps Stokes mounted on "Dingley" 21
Family Groups at Dingley Hall, 1890 22
Baroness Halkett, 1892 29
Sarah Phelps Stokes, from a portrait by Mrs. Loop 33
Helen Phelps Stokes, portrait by Benjamin Porter 33
Letter from Hon. William Walter Phelps, 1892 40
View from Shadow Brook, Lenox 42
Letter from President Cleveland, 1892 44
Ethel V. Phelps Stokes, 1893, portrait by Ellis Roberts .... 46
Coaching Party, Anson Phelps Stokes driving . . second plate . 46
The Homestead, after addition of Ball-room and Library ... 48
No. 229 Madison Avenue, Dining-room and Library 49
Shadow Brook, Lenox 50
Shadow Brook, Main Entrance .♦ . . 51
Mr. and Mrs. L N. Phelps Stokes, 1895 52
Mr. and Mrs. John Sherman Hoyt, 1895 . . second plate . 52
Anson Phelps Stokes, Jr 54
New Year's Party at Shadow Brook, 1894-5 . . second plate . 54
Residence of Anson Phelps Stokes, Jr., at New Haven . . . . ^6
Caricature of Anson Phelps Stokes, Jr 58
Caricature of L N. Phelps Stokes 58
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
St. Regis Yacht Club, Birch Island 63
Birch Island— the Shadow 68
Birch Island— Boat-racing 69
Shadow Brook, Ball-room and Entrance Hall 70
Shadow Brook, Ball-room and Morning-room 71
Shadow Brook, Approach from West 76
Shadow Brook, South Front 78
Shadow Brook, Library and Staircase Hall 79
Letter from Ex-President Cleveland, 1900 81
Anson Phelps Stokes on the A/^rwfl/'</ 82
Birch Island, Boat-house, built 1892 89
Birch Island, Sitting-room, built 1887 89
Mr. and Mrs. Anson Phelps Stokes playing cards in camp ... 99
Brick House, South Front 100
Brick House, Entrance Drive and Entrance Gate joi
Moro Castle, San Juan, Porto Rico 102
Porto Rican Children 102
St. Thomas (Charlotte Amalia) 103
Among the Virgin Islands 103
The Pitons 104
Yacht Race at Castries 104
St. George, Grenada 105
St. George, Grenada, View from Government House 105
St. Pierre, before the eruption 106
St. Pierre, after the destruction 106
Santo Domingo 107
Port Antonio, Jamaica 108
Port Antonio, View of Inner Harbor from Hotel 108
Scene near Port Antonio 109
Washing Clothes in Jamaica 109
5^fl Fox in racing trim no
Sea Fox in cruising trim iii
S<?a Fo.v sailing with small awning set in
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Hunter, 1903 112
Brick House, looking east toward the Summer
House second plate . 112
Brick House, looking east second plate . 112
Family Group at Birch Island, 1904 115
Brick House, Living-room and Entrance Hall 116
Brick House, Dining-room and Library 117
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
PACK
Mr. and Mrs. James Stokes ng
Letter from Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll, 1905 . . . .120
Mrs. J. G. Phelps Stokes, 1913 122
No. 230 Madison Avenue second plate . 122
The L'^/ziwa, Globuloid Naval Battery 124
The ?7/fmifl, Globuloid Naval Battery, deck view 12^
Birch Island, Living-room 126
Birch Island, Main Cabin 126
Birch Island, Main Cabin 127
Birch Island, Main Cabin Porch 127
Family Group in Dining-room, Birch Island, 1906 128
Family Group, Birch Island, 1907 130
Dr. and Mrs. Ransom Spafard Hooker, 1907 . . second plate . 130
Mrs. Ransom Spafard Hooker in wedding dress 132
St. Paul's Chapel, Columbia University . . . second plate . 132
Our Packard Touring Car, 1908 134
Mrs. I. N. Phelps Stokes 137
Birch Island, the Study 138
Birch Island, the Boat-house 138
Birch Island, looking south 139
Birch Island, near the Tennis Court 139
Mr. and Mrs. John Sherman Hoyt 140
Helen Phelps Stokes 143
Baroness Halkett 147
Family Group at Brick House (Thanksgiving, 1912) .... 149
Mrs. Anson Phelps Stokes, Jr., 1913 150
Villa Montfleury, Cannes, France second plate . 150
Greensted Church, Greensted, England 153
Mr. and Mrs. Anson Phelps Stokes at Palm Beach, 1913 . . . . 154
Mrs. Anson Phelps Stokes, February, 191 5 156
Mr. Anson Phelps Stokes, June, 19 13 .... second plate . 156
James Graham Phelps Stokes, 1907 158
Isaac Newton Phelps Stokes, 1910 158
Rev. Anson Phelps Stokes, Jr., 1913 . . . . second plate . 158
Harold Phelps Stokes, 1909 second plate . 158
Poem In handwriting of Anson Phelps Stokes 162
C-]
LIVES OF
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
HELEN LOUISA (PHELPS) STOKES
After the Death of I. N. Phelps
August i. 1888
LIVES OF
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
AND
HELEN LOUISA (PHELPS) STOKES
AFTER THE DEATH OF I. N. PHELPS
1888
September 6th, I attended the great Thurman^ mass meeting in
Madison Square Garden. The hall, which then occupied the entire
space between Madison and Fourth Avenues, and Twenty-sixth and
Twenty-seventh Streets, was densely packed, thousands had to stand,
and there were great overflow meetings outside. It was a hot night.
I sat on the platform between ex-Governor Hill and Hon. Abram S.
Hewitt. Thurman was ill and unable to speak more than a few
words. Hill made an able speech. There were then calls for Mr.
Hewitt and for me. Governor Flower, the chairman, came and said
we must speak. Hewitt said he was unable to speak. I spoke for
about ten minutes, having to yell at the top of my voice. When I left
the rostrum, I was about as wet as if I had been overboard.
Governor Flower introduced me as president of the Reform Club,
and I spoke in part as follows :
"Fellow-citizens :
"It is a condition, and not a theory, that now confronts us. What is that condition?
It can be stated in a few words. The Government of the United States has taken
from you— from the people of these United States— a hundred millions of money for
which they have no use.
1 Allen G. Thurman was the Democratic candidate for Vice-President in the second
Cleveland election.
CO
STOKES RECORDS
"This is the annual unnecessary tribute which you are called upon to pay to comply
with Republican claims upon your purses.
"Now the protectionist theorist saj-s if you could only understand his theory you
would understand that we can only make ourselves richer by taxing ourselves unneces-
sarily.
"We ask how this can be so, and this protectionist theorist tells us that by this
unnecessary taxation everything will be made high and scarce, and in that way the poor
will be made richer and the people generally made happier.
"Now all parties in these United States have declared that taxes that have been laid
are not necessary; that they are to be reduced, and platforms of all parties have plainly
stated this. . . . Why do we honor Grover Cleveland ? Because he has shown himself a
man to us at the right time.
"He has shown himself to be the right man in the right place, and we mean to keep
him there. I cannot refuse when I am called upon to stand up and bear testimony to
what I believe to be the rights of the people. I do not come here to speak of parties
and logic and philosophy and logic in politics.
"I hope that sometime we will find that logic and philosophy will have their free
scope and will have an opportunity in this land that will encourage young men of
thought and the people generally to be interested in politics, not for the money that is
in it, but for the good they can do their fellow-citizens. I believe that this country can
be relieved of some of the taxation on raw materials.
"When we have free wool and have seen the prosperity of the manufacturers and
the benefits to the working-men that will be derived from the increased labor in our
mills, I believe that other industries will claim raw materials, and that the advantages
will be very plainly seen. I shall not now discuss the tariff.
"I came here for the purpose of honoring our distinguished fellow-citizen and friend
and I find that, owing to his being suddenly called away by illness from us, others
will have to speak. I only want to say that we must all feel encouraged by this tremen-
dous gathering. There has never been in New York its equal, I believe, and I feel that
we are now on a march to victory."
Next day a friend of ex-Governor Hill called to see me on the ex-
Governor's behalf, but I told him frankly that I was opposed to much
of the ex-Governor's political course.
I have been indisposed to political life, because it is here commonly
sordid, interferes with freedom of conscience and of thought and of
expression and of action, and often brings unpleasant and immoral
associations; and I have felt that I could be more useful working non-
politically for civil service reform, free trade, etc., and bringing up
my children to be good citizens. I remember hearing my father say
that his uncle, Judge William Armstrong Stokes, resigned from the
New York legislature because he could not conscientiously enter a
caucus. Judge Stokes said at that time that a Christian could not be a
politician. I do not wish to be understood as fully endorsing this view.
1^1
MELTON MOWBRAY
I was once asked to receive a committee that would offer me a
nomination for Congress in an election in which I was assured of suc-
cess, but I declined, knowing that pledges would be required.
September i ith. Applied to court to be relieved from the care of
the Lusk Estate,* of which my father-in-law and I were the trustees.
October 8th. We had a meeting of the executors and trustees of
the Phelps Estate, and I was appointed chairman of the trustees.
October 17th. I presided and spoke at the Reform Club meeting
at Cooper Union. A. A. Low made an address.
October 27th. I sailed with my family, except Newton and
Graham, for England. Newton was at Harvard. Graham was at
Berkeley School, New York.
Went for the hunting to Melton Mowbray. We occupied substan-
tially the whole of Harborough Inn there, which had been engaged
for me. Found six hunters and a trap horse ready for me on my ar-
rival Saturday evening, so that I was able to go to Kirby Gate and
attend the opening meet of the Quorn hunt on Monday morning. The
first meet of the Quorn is always at Kirby Gate, and on the first Mon-
day in November. I had hired the horses from Haines, the Leicester
dealer.
November 12th. With Quorn at Wyneswold, got my first brush.
Made many pleasant acquaintances in the Quorn and neighboring
hunts; among these, Mr. William Beaumont Lubbock, Captain
King King, Lord William Bentinck and Mr. Forbes Morgan. My
wife and I spent a night at Mr. Lauderdale Duncan's at Knossington
Grange. The meet next morning was near there, at Ranksborough
Gorse, and I was reminded of the very spirited verses, The Run from
Ranksborough Gorse,^ as the run that day was over much of the same
ground and down the valley of the Whissendine.
^ Sylvester Lusk, of Enfield, was my wife's grandfather, a man of large estate for his
times. See Vol. I, p. 186; also Vol. II.
2 One of the verses is :
"And oh ! ye descendants of upper topsawyers,
By your lives to the world their example enforce:
Be ye landlords or parsons or farmers or lawyers,
Ride straight as they rode it at Ranksborough Gorse."
STOKES RECORDS
I greatly enjoyed the hunting, the English country, the pleasant
companionship and the much needed change from business life and
the bothers connected with the details of the management of estates of
which I was a trustee.
For a man who is well mounted and can ride to hounds, there is no
sport quite equal to fox-hunting in the Midlands.
Later in the winter we went to Pau, where I had sent a couple of
Irish hunters from England.^ We had rooms at the Hotel de France.
At Pau I was one of a committee that gave a ball in the Chateau
Henri IV, which the government permitted us to use, upon our
agreeing that any profits should go to charity. We installed electric
light, which showed the tapestry beautifully. A Portuguese noble-
man, a descendant of Henry IV, stood for a time near the king's
statue, and the resemblance was most striking. He wore the same
costume.
An acquaintance, who sat at our supper table, told me he was to act
as second, the next morning, in a duel between a friend and a man
who had given ofifense by writing his name over this friend's name on
the dancing card of a lady friend of ours. The next morning it was
found that the ofifender had fled.
1889
I had to make a short business visit to New York, where the Stokes
Building, 45, 47 and 49 Cedar Street, was being built, and to Lenox.
I arrived in New York per Umbria, January 5th, and sailed per City
of Paris ] anuiLTy 15th.
Returned to Pau,^ where I found Baron Halkett attentive to my
daughter Sarah. Went with my family to Cannes. My wife and
Sarah, Helen and Anson went with me to Florence. My wife re-
^ I afterwards used these mares as leaders in a coach I drove in England, and later took
them to America, where I and my family used them under saddle and under harness. We
had some good colts from them. One of these, a son of "Lady Melton," caused the loss of
my leg.
^ While at Pau we received invitations to the wedding breakfast at Dudley House, Lon-
don, of William D. James, who married Miss Forbes, daughter of Lady Forbes, sister of
Lady Dudley. He was youngest son of my uncle, Daniel James. He died in 1912.
1^-2
GREECE
turned to Cannes and remained there with the younger children, and
later took them to Paris, then on to London and Bournemouth.
Sarah, Helen, Anson and I went from Florence to Rome and to
Brindisi, whence we sailed for Corfu and Patras, where we took train
for Athens. In Greece we had exceptional advantages, as Professor
J. P. Mahafify* and Doctor Charles Waldstein^ were with us, and we
met many pleasant people. Among others. Professor Schliemann
called upon us. Mr. Rennell Rodd and Mr. Haggard and Mr. Hard-
ing, English secretaries of legation, also called. Professor Schliemann
later proposed to go to the Peloponnesus with my party, but his wife
finally dissuaded him. We spent a long time with him in his museum.
It had been stated in the newspapers that the necklace which his wife
at times wore had belonged to Helen of Troy. I asked about this, but
he was unwilling to express a decided opinion. He had an interesting
antique portrait of Cleopatra, and asked me if I did not think it re-
sembled his wife.
He showed us a rare copy of a large illustrated book containing
many pictures of broken pottery having Hebrew letters engraved on
them, and told us that a favorite doctrine of a celebrated German pro-
fessor was that the original language was Hebrew. Some of his
students made rude clay pottery with roughly engraved Hebrew let-
ters and prehistoric reptiles, etc., and after breaking and making the
pieces look old, hid them in the earth where they knew excavations
were about to be made. The finding of these specimens, which he
claimed to prove his theory, delighted the professor, who published
a book about it, and sent copies to various scientific societies. When
the real story came out, he destroyed all the copies of his learned work
that he could get hold of, but this copy escaped and came into posses-
sion of Doctor Schliemann.
We dined with the United States minister, Mr. Walker Fearn, and
his charming wife and daughters. Mr. Fearn was accredited to
Roumania as well as Greece, and Mrs. Fearn had become well ac-
' Upon our first meeting Professor Mahaff)', which was on the steamer on our way to
Patras, he said he knew at once from my resemblance and from my son Anson's resemblance
to the Stokeses of Dublin, that we were of the same family.
- Of King's College, Cambridge, England ; afterwards knighted.
STOKES RECORDS
quainted with Carmen Sylva. Having long lived in Athens, they
had much information about affairs there.
Professors Mahaffy and Waldstein and the Misses Fearn went with
us on an excursion to Philae. On the way home we stopped at a school
where we found the boys reading the Odyssey. Baedeker's guide-
book, which we had with us, stated that "the chapter on modern
Greek had been revised by Professor Mahaffy, the great authority on
modern Greek." But in talking with the country schoolmaster, the
professor was willing to avail himself of the facility of Miss Fearn in
modern colloquial Greek. Miss Fearn had practised for years talk-
ing with all sorts and conditions of Greeks to perfect herself in col-
loquial Greek.^
We went by steamboat to the wonderfully beautiful port of
Nauplia, where we spent the night, and drove next day to Tiryns and
Mycenae, where we were exceedingly interested in explorations
which Professor Schliemann had made, and which exposed to view
the ancient treasure house of Atrius and Agamemnon. Thence we
drove to Corinth, where we experienced an earthquake. Some of the
plaster of the ceiling of the room in which Anson and I slept fell, and
Anson, at once remembering that I had been suffering from eye
trouble, pulled a window curtain over my head to protect my eyes
from the dust.
We crossed the Isthmus of Corinth, where there were many Italians
working on the canal. Not seeing any Greeks working there, I asked,
"Are not Greeks employed as laborers?" and our Greek guide said,
"They are too busy." We saw many Greeks, dressed in their showy
caps and fustianellos, leaning against sides of houses or walls, appar-
ently not doing any work, unless it was head work, and looking like
ballet girls. The fustianello is a petticoat made of white cotton cloth
about thirty feet in length, wound many times around the thighs and
gathered at the waist. Fustianellos are seen all about, drying.
After returning to Athens," we took steamer for Smyrna. On board
^ She afterwards distinguished herself in Greek at Oxford.
" I was a member of the Delphi Excavation Committee, and had planned to visit Delphi,
but was not able to do so for want of time.
1:6]
CONSTANTINOPLE
was a Greek lady, a Mrs. Calapathiakes, whom, strangely enough, I
had met at my uncle Dodge's in New York, where I remember she
wore high up on her arm a remarkable gold bracelet in the shape of a
snake.
We went to visit the old city of Ephesus, once a seaport, but now
several miles from the Mediterranean. We returned to Smyrna, and
took steamer along the coast of Asia Minor to Constantinople, where
we found my uncle and aunt Atterbury and their daughter Melissa.
At Constantinople I met the grand vizier^ and the principal diplo-
mats at dinner at the American minister's.^ The grand vizier, with
whom I had a long conversation, sitting next to him at table, asked
me why our government did not build a palace at Constantinople as
the European governments did. He said this was the first time he
had dined with an American minister, and that his coachman had had
difficulty in finding the American minister's apartment.
Our minister and the British ambassador, Sir William White, with
whom we had luncheon, were very good to us. We were invited to
join a four days' excursion with the diplomats to Prinkipo and the
islands, but had to leave Constantinople too soon.
We attended the selamlik, where we had a good view of the sultan.
We had a special trade to visit the treasury, the old harem and the
palace, all of which we found interesting. A guard of officers and
officials broke the seals from the doors. The quantity and size of the
precious stones were astonishing. There was an immense emerald on
the front of the turban of each dead sultan. We received refresh-
ments in a summer-house overlooking the Bosphorus, and were rowed
in a state barge from the old harem to the palace. After about twelve
days in Constantinople we took the Orient Express for Budapest.
When we reached Sofia, Prince Ferdinand of Bulgaria came with an
escort of cavalry to conduct his mother, the Bourbon Princess Clem-
entine, to the train. He accompanied her on the train for a short dis-
ance. The honor of traveling on the same train with royalty was
^ He looked almost exactly like the Turkish ambassador whom I afterwards saw at a
levee in London.
^ Mr. Oscar Straus.
l7l
STOKES RECORDS
especially impressed upon us by the fact that we could not get any
dinner until ten o'clock that night.
We stopped for a few days at Budapest, where I attended an ex-
cellent performance of Hungarian opera. The orchestra stalls were
only about eighty cents. The performance, including a grand ballet,
was exceedingly good.
After a day or two in Vienna, we went to Paris, thence to Thomas's
Hotel, Berkeley Square, London, where my wife and four younger
children awaited me.
I found I had been elected. May 28th, an honorary member of the
Athenaeum Club for a month, with notice that my time might be ex-
tended if I notified the committee. My election was on nomination
of Rev. Professor J. P. Mahaf¥y.
June 3d. I attended the levee at St. James's. This was not my first
levee. For many years I kept court clothes in London, and attended
levees when there during the season. My wife and daughters Sarah
and Helen were presented at court this spring.
June 5th. We went to the Derby, and I and my wife and Sarah
dined in the evening at Mrs. Arthur James's.^
Went to a number of dinners, among which I remember particu-
larly one given for me, July i, 1889, ^^ the Garrick Club by Mr.
George W. Rusden, where I met a number of literary men, including
Mr. Huth, owner of the Huth library.
I also remember a very interesting dinner, June 4th, at the Dilet-
tante Club-room at Willis's, given by the leading members of the
Royal Geographical Society. After the dinner they took me with
them to the annual meeting of that society at Burlington House,
where I met again Admiral McClintock, whom I had seen years be-
fore in Bermuda. Professor Nansen gave this evening an account of
his trip across Greenland.
At the invitation of Sir Charles Russell, afterwards Lord Russell
of Killowen, attended the great Durham-Chetwynd trial. Russell
expected this day to make his closing speech for Lord Durham, but
' Mr. Arthur James had been my partner and was a son of my uncle and partner Daniel
James.
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
In court dress
DURHAM-CHETWYND TRIAL
so much time was consumed in Lord Durham's cross-examination by
Sir Henry James, that I had to leave for another engagement before
Lord Russell spoke. Lord Durham being in the witness chair, I oc-
cupied his seat, which was nearly between Russell and James. I
found this trial very interesting. It was at the new court buildings,
where Mr. James Lowther, chairman of the Jockey Club, occupied
the judge's bench, and presided over the proceedings, as if in a regular
court of law, the great court-room being filled with a most fashionable
audience. I particularly noticed that Russell and James, the great
leaders of the bar, seemed to appear more anxious to have it under-
stood that they were well up in racing matters than that they were
learned in the law.
Sir Henry James had been counsel against Durham in the cele-
brated Durham divorce suit, and he attacked his lordship viciously.
At one point he said with a triumphant air, "My lord, I am unable to
reconcile what you have just said with your testimony some days ago
as follows: . . . How can you explain this?" To which Durham
quietly replied: "It is because of your ignorance of racing matters."
This nearly brought down the house, but Mr. Lowther checked dis-
order.
I watched Sir Henry's face, and he paled, showing an emotion
which I think he would not have displayed if charged with ignorance
of the law.
We had been invited to a party at Sir Charles Russell's house,
where we were to meet Mr. and Mrs. Gladstone, but we had a dinner
engagement at Sir William McCormac's, and then went on to Lady
Kay-Shuttleworth's, and so we did not get to Sir Charles Russell's
until Mr. and Mrs. Gladstone were just passing out of the front door
as we went in.
One Sunday morning at the Chapel Royal, St. James's Palace, my
wife and I sat opposite and directly facing Mr. Gladstone across the
narrow aisle.
June 9th. Went with my wife and Sarah and Helen to Coton
House, Mr. Arthur James's country-seat near Rugby.
\:9i
STOKES RECORDS
June 1 8th to 20th. At Ascot.
June 27th. Saw the Queen at Windsor. She walked with diffi-
culty, leaning on a stick.
July 2d. Started on coaching tour to Windsor, Henley (where we
attended regatta, 3d, 4th and 5th), Maidenhead, Oxford, Banbury,
Kenilworth, Stratford-on-Avon, Worcester, Malvern, Hereford,
Monmouth, Tintern Abbey, Chepstow, Bath, Badminton, Trow-
bridge (near Yate), Shaftesbury, Blandford, Bournemouth (where
we arrived Saturday, July 20th), Stonehenge, Amesbury, Salisbury,*
Winchester (where we stopped for the Goodwood races, July 30th to
August 2d). I drove the coach all the way, and at Goodwood drove
to the races each day. We saw Arthur James's "Briar Rose" win an
important gold cup.^
The Goodwood races are more select than others, and the course is
more beautiful. The view in the enclosure, where the luncheons are
spread on the grass terraces overlooking the course, is fine. We had
various friends with us on the coaching trip. Baron Halkett joined
us at Winchester.
August 3d. My wife and I and Sarah and Helen left on our coach
with Mr. and Mrs. Arthur James, and drove to Portsea, where we
went on board Mr. James's yacht, Lancashire Witch, and sailed in
her to Cowes. The German emperor arrived, and a procession of
government vessels and yachts went to meet him. The Lancashire
Witch was given a good position on the port bow of the imperial
yacht, and we could see the emperor and his staff as we went to Cowes.
A number of officers were chatting and laughing when the emperor
suddenly appeared, upon which they assumed rigid attitudes, which
seemed somewhat strained in a seaway.
August 5th. Attended in the Lancashire Witch the great naval re-
view. There was a tremendous crowd of yachts on account of this
1 Here we met Right Hon. Arthur J. Balfour. I was impressed with the gentleness of
his manner. His hand was soft, like a woman's. From newspapers I had obtained the im-
pression that he was rather rough and athletic. Some of the opposition papers called him
"The Bloody Balfour."
' The younger children were at Bournemouth with governess and nurse. — H. L. P. S.
THE HOMESTEAD
Lenox, Mass.
THE HOMESTEAD
Hall
AT COWES
great naval review, and, its being Cowes week, for the races. Very
few yachts left their anchorages at all, being afraid they would lose
their places, and that friends coming to take tea or to dine would be
unable to find them.
I remember being struck with the poor little American man-o'-war,
the Enterprise, I think, which was given an exceedingly good position,
but looked so different from the great modern naval vessels. When
any of the royalties left the shore to go to visit vessels there would be
a salute, in which the American ship would join, firing off a little
pop-gun which seemed to say, "Me too." The American ship was
just opposite the "Castle."
My wife and I and Sarah and Helen received from four members
of the Royal Squadron vouchers for the week for the lawn of Cowes
Castle, the club-house of the Royal Squadron, where we usually took
tea, as did the royalties and leading people. Each member of the
Royal Squadron or Yacht Club can introduce but one friend for Cowes
week. Mr. James had intended that I should be elected an honorary
member of the Royal Squadron on account of my having been a flag-
officer of the New York Yacht Club, but at the only meeting at Cowes
he could not get opportunity to propose this, as there was a great dis-
cussion about the election of some yacht-owner in whom the prince
was interested, and the club had then to adjourn on account of some
royal festivities.
I went to Paris for about two days to see the great Exposition.
Paris was exceedingly crowded.
August 17th. We sailed from Liverpool. Went to the Appleton
house, Lenox, Massachusetts, which we had leased, and where Profes-
sor Mahaffy visited us, arriving August 28th. We bought this house
that autumn (October 9th) and called it the "Homestead."
This remarkably good specimen of early colonial architecture was
built for Miss Appleton by Mr. McKim, of McKim, Mead & White,
the celebrated architects. Mr. McKim afterwards married Miss
Appleton. The entrance court was around a very large elm tree,
which had a seat about it.
STOKES RECORDS
September. Graham entered Yale (Sheffield Scientific).
This was a very gay autumn at Lenox— probably the greatest season
they ever had there. We got a tent from New York to use as a dancing-
room^ for a ball which we gave at the Homestead. We lent this tent
afterward to Secretary Whitney, who gave a ball at Schermerhorn
Hall, using this tent for a supper-room. A ball was also given by the
young men of the Lenox colony, who also used the tent for a supper-
room.
At the Whitney ball I sat at supper with Mrs. Grover Cleveland,
and spent most of the evening with her.
While at Lenox we met many friends and made many acquain-
tances, and went to many dinners and dances.
I was elected a director of the Lenox Club and president of the
Mahkeenac Boating Club, and vestryman in Trinity Church, Lenox.
We greatly enjoyed ourselves at Lenox, both when living at the
Homestead and at Shadow Brook.^ We regretted leaving so many
pleasant friends and associates in the Berkshires.^
1890
I remember a very interesting Twelfth Night celebration at the
Century Club, January 6th. It was much more elaborate than we had
been able to give when we were in the old Century Club-house in
Sixteenth Street.
February nth. Sarah was married at the Church of the Heavenly
Rest by Bishop Potter, assisted by the Rev. D. Parker Morgan, to
Hugh Colin Gustav George, Baron Halkett, of London and Felsdor-
fermuhlen, Hanover. He was born 15th April, 1861. His father
had been prime minister of Hanover, and his great-grandfather was
the Colonel Halkett of the Hanoverian auxiliaries who personally
^ We afterwards added a wing giving a ball-room down-stairs, with bedrooms above, and
we made much use of this large room.— H. L. P. S.
'^ Our reasons for moving to Noroton after the loss of my leg are given on p. 99.
^ Among friends having homes in the Berkshires were the John Sloanes, the William
Sloanes, John E. Parsons, Morris K. Jesup, Charles Lanier, John S. Barnes, George Mor-
gan, Dr. Francis Kinnicutt, Dr. Richard Greenleaf, David Lydig, William Schermerhorn,
John Kane and others. — H. L. P. S.
[:i23
LAWN PARTY
Lenox
FLOWER PARADE
Lenox
COMTE DE PARIS
captured the French General Cambronne, commander of the Im-
perial Guard, at Waterloo. At the annual Waterloo dinner the Duke
of Wellington used to drink to the memory of brave Colonel Halkett.
Hugh's uncle was colonel of the Coldstream Guards. One of his
ancestors was Mary Seton, lady in waiting to Mary Queen of Scots.'
He owned Felsdorfermuhlen, but lived in Curzon Street, London.
We lived this winter, 1889-90, at 616 Fifth Avenue, while the
Phelps house alterations were being finished. The wedding break-
fast was in the library at 229 Madison Avenue,^ where the extensive
alterations were not quite complete.
President and Mrs. Cleveland dined with us in February; also Mr.
and Mrs. Walker Fearn.
In March we moved to 229 Madison Avenue.* Later went to
Lenox and to camp, and returned in September to Lenox.
Colonel Auchmuty had long led the flower parade which had be-
come a notable annual function at Lenox. But when he could no
longer ride, I had, at his suggestion, been appointed to lead, which I
did for a number of years until we moved to Shadow Brook. The
ladies, assisted by gentlemen friends, dressed their village carts in
flowers with much taste.
In October I met the Comte de Paris and his suite at General
Alexander Webb's. General Webb wanted Messrs. Marshall, Lanier
and me to give a dinner to the comte, having reference to the French
Relief Committee, of which we had been the members, and had had
communications with the comte and comtesse regarding distribution
of relief in France at the time of the siege of Paris. We felt, how-
ever, that we were no longer in office, and had no right, as a commit-
1 He had some old silver belonging to Queen Mary, including a tankard which had been
altered into a teapot.
^ My wife had ordered from Frulini of Florence a mahogany library, but the ceiling and'
some other parts did not come in time. So a temporary finish was made for the wedding
breakfast by covering the walls with evergreens.
^ These three houses (see illustration) were built in 1854, hy Isaac N. Phelps, on the
corner of Thirty-seventh Street; John Jay Phelps (my father's partner), on the corner of
Thirty-sixth Street; and William E. Dodge (who married Melissa Phelps, daughter of
Anson Greene Phelps), in the middle. At that time Madison Avenue extended only to
Forty-second Street, and friends thought my father crazy to move so far up-town. —
H. L. P. S.
STOKES RECORDS
tee of the Chamber of Commerce, to give a dinner which might
appear to have political significance. I would have given a private
dinner for his Royal Highness and suite, but could not do so, as we
were about going abroad.^
We arranged this autumn for large additions to the Homestead,
Lenox.
October 25th. Sailed for England per Cunard boat with family,
except Newton, who had arranged with the Harvard authorities to
spend his senior year in study abroad, and Graham, who was at Yale.
I had a very pleasant winter, 1 890-1, near Market Harborough, at
Dingley,' which I had hired from Lord Downe for the hunting sea-
son. We went to numerous dinners, and when the hunting was
stopped by frost had shooting. Had two shoots at Dingley, where I
had taken the shooting over 1500 acres of Dingley property. Made
many pleasant acquaintances and friends. Remember a very pleasant
shoot at Rockingham Castle.^ Later, Helen and I spent a night there.
^ Some years after this I met at dinner, in London, the Due d'Orleans, who was very
polite to me. At this dinner I remember my daughter Ethel was taken down by the Due
de Luynes. When the Due d'Orleans was leaving in the evening he crossed the room and
eame over and shook hands with me. His aide came back from the door, and said to me,
"Will you be riding in the park at eleven to-morrow?" I did not remember that it was
etiquette to consider this as a royal command, so I explained that I had another engage-
ment. I met the duke again later at Mrs. Ronalds's.
I had had after dinner some talk with the duke about his visit in America and about
General MeClellan, who was a great friend of his father, the Comte de Paris, and of my
father. At the time I was expecting to go abroad with the French Relief Committee,
General MeClellan came to see me and said that his correspondence with the comte had
been tampered with in the mails, and he wanted to know if I would take a letter and put
it into the comte's hands. I said I would be happy to do so. When I found that I could
not go, I explained to the general that he could give the letter to Mr. Charles Lanier,
who was the member of our committee that would go. I have no doubt he did so. Lanier
went abroad and met the comte and comtesse, and received a letter from his Royal
Highness which was of use to him in France.
- Dingley Hall was formerly a commandery of the Knights of St. John of Malta. The
towers and cloister are of the twelfth century. The hall is Elizabethan, twenty-six feet
high, and with gallery. There was stabling for about thirty horses. I brought six from
America and bought a lot of English and Irish hunters.
^ One incident was not so pleasant. I was standing in a wood on the steep side of a hill,
when both barrels of a gun were discharged a little below me, the shot from one barrel
striking the bushes close on my left, and the shot from the other barrel striking close on
my right. My valet, Barton, stood just behind me, carrying my spare cartridges.
Rockingham Castle was built by William the Conqueror, who appointed a constable
named Watson, to whom he afterwards gave it. It has belonged ever since to Watson's
heirs of that name. They have repeatedly been offered titles but have declined, preferring
the old name of Mr. Watson of Rockingham. We greatly liked the Watsons and the
fl
DINGLEY
The old church at Dingley stands in the park, and we occupied the
two front pews, which were the Hall pews. When the Athanasian
Creed was said, I remained seated and my family followed my exam-
ple. This led to the following correspondence. The fact that a
severe frost stopped the hunting did not lead the Rev. Mr. Vivian E.
Skrine to go in for heresy-hunting, for he was a non-hunting clergy-
man. He was a very good fellow. Canon Smith, of the neighboring
parish, also became interested in our discussion.
"Dingley Rectory, Jan. 6, 1891.
"Dear Mr. Stokes:
"I send you herewith two small books which appeared in defense of the Athanasian
Creed at the time that Mr. Ffoulkes had made his odd guess of a Carlovingian date.
In looking over them again myself, I am surprised to find that the probability of even
an Athanasian origin is so strong. Professor Brewer's book I have borrowed from
Canon Yates of Cottingham. Canon MaccoU's I had read several years ago, and almost
forgotten. I see that the question of the 'double procession' is not considered to be
touched on by the Creed, which seems to be proved also by the fact of its reception by
the Eastern Church. If it were a late invention, it seems hard to explain why it has
almost entirely omitted any dogmatic statements about the Holy Ghost, on which
point it contrasts remarkably with the Nicene. Were it even as recent as Alcuin, we
could hardly now give up its use, after it has been so long accepted in the Western
Church, without denying its teaching, which we have expressly declared in the Articles
to be founded on most certain warrants of Holy Scripture. To omit the damnatory
clause would be to introduce a new creed, and to make it permissory only would be
equivalent to omitting it. Our branch of the church has now decided, after a strong
attack upon it, and a review of the whole position, that it is to be retained, and its
hardest sayings do not seem to exceed 'He that believeth not shall be damned,' but it
does make it very necessary to define the meaning of 'not believing.'
"Hoping you will excuse my troubling you with these,
"Believe me,
"Yours very truly,
"Vrv^iAN E. Skrine."
"Dingley Hall, Market Harborough, January 11, 1891.
"Aly dear Mr. Skrine:
"I duly received your kind note of the 6th inst., with the books of Professor J. S.
Brewer on the Athanasian Creed, and of Canon Maccoll, The Damnatory Clauses of
the Athanasian Creed Rationally Explained. Having to go to town, I was not able to
look at these books until last evening.
"I am not a theologian, and I am not acquainted with the literature of the Athana-
Capel-Brookes, who lived near them. Lady Capel-Brooke was Mrs. Watson's sister.
Taking luncheon at her house, I found Lady Capel-Brooke knew much of early Massachu-
setts history. She showed me a copy of the Life of Sir Henry Vane, who was, I think, an
ancestor.
Ds3
STOKES RECORDS
sian Creed. Indeed, I last night read from these two books more than I had ever
before read regarding this Creed, and I feel much indebted to you and to Canon Yates
for selecting and so kindly sending to me these works, which I suppose best present what
has been said in defense of this Creed, which the Church of England alone uses in
public services.
"I note carefully what you write, that 'we [the Church of England] could hardly
now give up its use, after it has been so long accepted in the Western Church, without
denying its teaching.'
"But this is precisely what my own church, the Protestant Episcopal Church of the
United States, has done. The practical question for me appears to be whether I, a
communicant in the Protestant Episcopal Church, ought to appear to join in the solemn
public recital of this Creed which my church has rejected, and which appears to me
repugnant to the teachings of the Bible, or whether I ought rather to remain quietly
seated while it is being said when I am present in an English church ?
"I trust you will believe that only the paramount obligation of conscience makes me
willing to appear wanting in conformity to general usage on such occasions, and I know
that only a regard for what you consider your duty could make you willing to use such
damnatory language against my church and me, who, according to your judgment, as
quoted above from your letter, deny the teachings of the Athanasian Creed.
"It appears from the books you have sent me that a number of your own bishops,
deans, regii professors of theology and other eminent authorities in your own church
publicly condemn the Athanasian Creed as not fit to be read in the public congregation,
and that this is the general judgment of Christendom. Canon Swainson says the
Athanasian Creed savors of heresy.
"The Dean of Canterbury says, 'It is in violation of church principles and con-
demned in the severest manner by the highest ecclesiastical authority.'
"The Dean of Westminster says, 'It is avowedly heretical, false, uncharitable and
unchristian.'
"Canon Maccoll, its champion, himself, in his book which you have sent me, admits
that the Athanasian Creed has never received the sanction of any general council, that
it is never recited in a mixed congregation in any other church than in the Church of
England, that it is rejected by the Church of Ireland and by other Protestant churches,
and that its use is not imperative in the laity of the Anglican Church, and adds, 'The
only creed which is, properly speaking, imperative in our laity is the Apostles' Creed.'
"These arguments against the use of this Creed I have drawn from the admissions
of its advocates in the two books which you have sent me. I have here almost none of
the works of those who oppose the Athanasian Creed. I find, among the books left by
Lord Downe, Vaughan's defense of the Athanasian Creed, but he admits that the
Apostles' Creed 'better represents, no doubt, the Gospel as it came from heaven,' and he,
like other apologists for the Creed, appears to claim that some of its words may be used
in a non-natural sense.
"I find here also Haydn's Dictionary of Dates, and under the title Athanasian
Creed, the following: 'Lumby, in History of the Creed (1874), asserts that this Creed,
beginning "Quicunque vult," was not written by Athanasius. . . .'
"This Creed asserts the procession of the Holy Ghost from the Father and the Son.
"Much agitation against the general use of this Creed has arisen in the Church of
England among both the clergj' and laity, 1870-73. Modifications approved by several
bishops were negatived by the lower house in convocation (62-7) early in May, 1872.
The vote was rejected by the bishops, and the agitation continued. 'In a letter to the
Earl of Shaftesbury, 22 July, 1872, the Archbishops of Canterbury and York expressed
D6]
DINGLEY HALL
Market Harborough, England
ATHANASIAN CREED
their hope of devising a way for rendering the reading of the Creed during public
worship not compulsory.' Your quotation, 'He that believeth not shall be damned,'
applies only to those who reject the Gospel of Glad Tidings, which is a very different
thing from the Athanasian Creed.
"The Athanasian Creed declares faith to be greater than charity. It casts out those
who are weak in the faith, and those who have not very acute intellects. It promotes
doubtful disputations which gender strifes.
"It adds to the commandments of God the inventions and the doubtful deductions
of men.
"No one pretends that it is of divine or of apostolic authorship, or that it has even
received the sanction of any general council. Do not the Greek, the Roman, the
Presbyterian and all other churches except the Church of England practically deny that
this Creed is before all things necessary to salvation, for they do not teach it to the
common people? You will not claim that the Protestant Episcopal Church of the
United States has less rightful authority over its communicants than your church has,
nor that saving faith is a local matter.
"I fail to see that the use of the Athanasian Creed can be binding upon a lay com-
municant of the Protestant Episcopal Church of the United States. But I thank you
most sincerely for the kind interest and faithfulness you have shown in trying to make
me see the matter differently, as you esteem it so important.
"It appears that, doubtless for some all-wise purpose, God in his revealed word has
left some things so indistinct that their importance or relative importance Is not agreed
upon by men of equal learning, wisdom, piety and authority in the different churches
and countries of this world, but there is a country where all will be made plain. With
a sufficient belief in the Apostles' Creed, and confident trust in the mercy of God and
in the merits of our Saviour, I look forward to the time when you and I will see alike,
when, with all who love the Lord in sincerity and truth, we shall meet where faith will
have given place to sight.
"Yours very truly,
"Anson Phelps Stokes."
"DiNGLEY Rectory, January 12, 1891.
"Dear Mr. Stokes:
"I am afraid there is not time, as I am starting for town, to go at all fully into your
kind and impartial letter, nor could I do much more than repeat what you have already
seen in the books which I sent. But I must not leave you under the impression that
the Church of England anathematises those who do not accept the Athanasian Creed's
damnatory clauses. To accept the Catholic faith and to accept the damnatorj- clauses
are two totally different things. The American Church and the Irish also accept the
Catholic faith as stated in the Athanasian Creed, — i.e., its statements about the Trinity
and the incarnation, — and both are in full communion with ourselves. It is no neces-
sary article of our faith that we must believe in the damnation of others, so not to
believe in the damnatory clauses does not cut off a church or an individual from us, at
any rate. All that we believe about those clauses is that obstinate rejection of the truths
of the Holy Trinity and our Lord's incarnation, after full means of knowing have been
given, is as dangerous as, e.^., murder or blasphemy or any other grievous sin, if not
repented of. No one can suppose that we condemn those who are ignorant or desiring
to believe. The mere historical question is not, I believe, really of importance to those
who dislike the Creed. If it were certain that it were the work of Athanasius, it would
Ciyn
STOKES RECORDS
have been equally offensive to Dean Stanley, etc., who, if they really meant all they
said about it, ought to have retired from the ministry and emoluments of the English
Church when it was decided to retain the Creed. Pusey, Liddon and many others
would have done so had it been rejected. The reason why it is not read publicly in
other churches is evident from what Newman sa5's ; the Holy Communion service, in
which it does not occur, is the only publicly used service in the Church of Rome, and I
think in that of Greece also. It is only those churches which have followed us that have
converted the daily offices for the clergy and 'religious bodies' into ordinary services for
the laity. We feel that to give up a creed which for centuries has been used is very
near to denying its teaching, and we believe that the various errors which it (not the
damnatory clauses) condemns, are as likely to be revived now as they were of old.
There has not yet been time enough to see what effect the absence of the Creed may
have in Ireland or America, but to have given it up in England would have been a
gain only to those who were anxious to explain away the Trinity and the divine nature
of our Lord. I agree with you to a great extent in shrinking from the damnatory lan-
guage ; it is what we must say trembling. I can even wish that eternal punishment may
bear the sense which Canon Farrar puts upon it, and that eventually goodness may
triumph by absorbing even the wicked, though I cannot yet see for certain that the
Bible means that. You will see, then, that I do not think that even the common view of
eternal punishment is essential to the Christian faith, as it is certainly not mentioned in
the other Christian creeds. But still I do believe that whatever the Bible means about
that is represented in the Athanasian Creed. That Creed seems to me to state, of course
in very precise theological language, what our Lord and his apostles taught about the
nature of the Godhead and the Divine Son, which I take to be the Gospel. To this it
adds a most solemn warning against those who should impenitently reject this teaching.
This warning seems to me to answer to that which I mentioned before, or to that in
Revelation xxii, 19, and others in Holy Writ. They are all terrible and to some ex-
tent mysterious, but with these before me in the Bible, I do not see how I can complain
of the statements in the Athanasian Creed, though it is a comfort to be able to put on
them the meaning that I have mentioned. I have, after all, written more than I meant,
but I do want you to see that we do not condemn those who cannot use the Athanasian
Creed on account of its damnatory clauses, while they are really quite at one with us as
to the rest of its teaching. I enclose a book by the Charity Organization Society on
Mr. Booth's scheme, in case you have not seen it, which will give you, I think, the
objections to it put in the clearest way. You perhaps know that we have a church army
which had begun the same kind of work before General Booth thought of his scheme.
"Believe me,
"Yours very truly,
"Vivian E. Skrine."
"DiNGLEY Hall, Market Harborough, Jan. 13, 1891.
"My dear Mr. Skrine:
"I have your kind letter of the 12th, and its contents have my very careful attention.
I should wish to follow your teachings so far as I can. To illustrate my difficulty, per-
mit me to present in one column some extracts from your last letter, and in a parallel
column some extracts from your letter of the 6th inst., with some extracts from the
Athanasian Creed and from the third chapter of St. John's Gospel, and a few questions
that present difficulties to my lay mind :
Ds;]
' " < ^mmmm^kBa^^^^^^^KKi
^ft*'^'B
■4 ik *- ""■ "a:
O^^
■^rjiyj^ _,
ATHANASIAN CREED
"From your letter, Jan. 12, i8gi.
" 'But I must not leave you under the
impression that the Church of England
anathematises those who do not accept the
Athanasian Creed's damnatory clauses.
To accept the Catholic faith and to accept
the damnatory clauses are two totally
different things.'
"From the Athanasian Creed as found in
your Prayer Book and used by you.
" 'Whosoever will be saved, before all
things it is necessary that he hold the
Catholic faith. Which faith except every
one do keep whole and undefiled, without
doubt he shall perish everlastingly.'
"From your letter of January 6, l8gi.
" 'To omit the damnatory clause would
be to introduce a new creed.'
"Are not damnatory clauses in the be-
ginning, in the middle and in the end of
this Creed ?
" 'No one can suppose that we condemn
those who are ignorant.'
"From the Athanasian Creed.
" 'Which faith e.xcept every one do
keep whole and undefiled, without doubt
he shall perish everlastingly.'
"From our Lord's oivn words as quoted in
third chapter of John:
" 'That whosoever believeth in him
should not perish, but have everlasting
life.' 'He that believeth on him is not
condemned.' 'He that believeth in the
Son hath everlasting life.'
" 'I agree with you to a great extent
in shrinking from the damnatory lan-
guage; it is what we must say trembling.'
"Is it not natural that one should trem-
ble and shrink when demanding a price
for salvation so far in excess of that named
by our Lord? Did Athanasius hold this
view ? Is this the true sense of the words
as understood and intended by the author
of this Creed ?
" 'I can even wish that eternal punish-
ment may bear the sense which Canon
Farrar puts upon it, and that eventually
goodness may triumph by absorbing even
the wicked, though I cannot yet see for
certain that the Bible means that.'
"Does the Athanasian Creed mean by
'perish everlastingly,' 'be absorbed by
goodness' ?
"From your letter, Jan. 12, l8gi.
" 'You will see, then, that I do not
think that even the common view of eter-
nal punishment is essential to the Chris-
tian faith, as it is certainly not mentioned
in the other Christian creeds.'
"Is this argument in favor of the use
of the Athanasian Creed ?
ni93
STOKES RECORDS
" 'I do not see how I can complain of "When the Athanasian Creed uses such
the statements in the Athanasian Creed, expressions, as 'shall perish everlastingly,'
though it is a comfort to be able to put on 'cannot be saved,' etc., does it not go
them the meaning that I have mentioned.' beyond the Bible word 'damned,' a mean-
ing of which is 'condemned' ?
"Is the meaning you mention put upon
the words by the English Church, and do
the hearers so understand it ?
"From your letter, Jan. 6, 1891.
" 'We do not condemn those who can- " 'To omit the damnatory clause would
not use the Athanasian Creed on account be to introduce a new creed. We could
of its damnatory clauses, while they are hardly now give up its use, after it has
really quite at one with us as to the rest been so long accepted in the Western
of its teachings.' Church, without denying its teaching.'
"Jan. 13, 1891.
"You also say in your letter, Jan. 6, 1891 : "to make it permissory only would be
equivalent to omitting it.'
"Haydn's Dictionary of Dates, article Athanasian Creed, says: 'In a letter to the
Earl of Shaftesbury, 22 July, 1872, the Archbishops of Canterburj' and York expressed
their hope of devising a way for rendering the reading of the Creed during public
worship not compulsory.'
"If I follow the teachings of your letters, am I not bound to believe that to omit the
damnatory clause would be to introduce a new creed ; that to deny the Athanasian
Creed is to perish everlastingly ; that to give up the use of the Athanasian Creed is to
deny its teachings; that to make it permissory only would be to give up its use?
"Where does this place the archbishops of your church who have agreed to try to
make it permissory only ?
"I must hesitate to follow j'our teachings regarding this Creed, and I remain,
"Very sincerely 5'ours,
"Anson Phelps Stokes."
One night at a ball at Lord Spencer's, Althorp House, I took Mrs.
Pender, a cousin of Lady Spencer, in to supper, and sat at table on the
left hand of Princess May of Teck, afterwards Duchess of York and
Princess of Wales, and now Queen of England. I drove twenty-two
miles to this ball. My wife and daughters thought it too far and too
cold to go.
Newton arrived from Spain in time for Christmas dinner,* and
Graham came over for the Christmas holidays.
^ At the hotel in Spain Newton had been misinformed as to the hour of leaving of the
last train which would bring him to Dingley in time for Christmas dinner, so had to rush
to the station in his bedroom slippers, leaving his belongings to be packed and sent after
him.-H. L. P. S.
n2o:
"DINGLEY"
The finest hunter I ever owned. I bought him from Mr. Leacock
by advice of Miss Naylor
HUNTING
The neighborhood of Dingley is, I think, the best in the world for
fox-hunting. The Pytchley, the Woodland Pytchley, the Fernie and
the Quorn hunts are all easily accessible. There are more fine places
in Northamptonshire than in any other county, and excellent and most
hospitable society. The jumps are often big (one needs two horses a
day), but there are few bullfinches and few oak or ash oxers. The
oxers are mostly of large wire which the committee wind up before
the commencement of the hunting season. The Pytchley hunt is the
most fashionable in England. If the late king, when Prince of Wales,
had continued to hunt, it is thought he would have purchased Ding-
ley. But Lord Palmerston thought it wiser for the prince to go in
for shooting in Norfolkshire, and Sandringham was purchased.
Many ladies hunt with the Pytchley, some of them the best riders in
England, among them the "Girl in the Brown Habit" of Mrs.
Edward Kennard's^ story, who was Miss Morgan, a niece of Lord
Tredegar. I was riding with her when a man coming around a cor-
ner collided with her horse, knocking it down. I jumped oflf to help
her, but she sprang into the saddle herself, asking me, "Am I
marked?" I told her I thought not. Her face was cut and bruised,
but the marks disappeared in a few days. Another of the best lady
riders was Miss Naylor of Kelmarsh.
This hunt is especially polite to ladies, giving way to them, holding
gates, etc. It is also worthy of remark that in this, and in other prin-
cipal hunts, if an American rides fairly straight he gets more praise
than an Englishman does, and if he observes les convenances, brings
proper introductions, goes to court, etc., he is welcome. Of course he
must not carry a malacca crop, nor use a saddle-cloth, nor rush by a
man who has got off to open a gate, nor let a gate slam back against a
lady, nor "come voluntaries."
^ The Kennards live near Dingley. They were agreeable neighbors. We frequently
dined there that winter and since.
CaO
STOKES RECORDS
1891
February 22d. Left Dingley to go with Helen, Ethel and Anson
to Egypt, the Holy Land and Constantinople. Wife and younger
children went with us as far as Paris and went thence to Brighton.
Helen, Ethel, Anson and I went to Brindisi, and thence by steamer
to Ismailia on the Suez Canal, and stayed a short time at Cairo. Se-
cured there an English trained nurse to accompany us through the
Holy Land, as my wife had urged this for fear of possible illness.
We were invited to the wedding of the prime minister's daughter,
which was a great occasion, but we could not wait in Cairo for it.
We spent more than a month in the Holy Land and Syria, most of
the time traveling on horseback, and with a camp equipage for which
I had arranged with Cook.
We landed at Joppa, and after visiting the house of Simon the
tanner we started to drive to Jerusalem. At an inn where we stopped
for luncheon the landlord showed us, with apparent pride, a visitors'
book in which we found written some astonishing entries in English,
a language which the landlord did not understand. One of these was
"Don't play cards with the landlord."
After a few days in Jerusalem, we went to Bethlehem, where we
saw Turkish guards stationed by the holy rock manger to prevent
Christians of different sects from cutting each other's throats. We
then rode to near where "shepherds kept their watch by night," and
we camped by a monastery. The next day we rode to the Dead Sea,
where my son Anson and I had a swim in the very buoyant waters.
After seeing the Jordan, we went to the site of ancient Jericho, where
our camp was pitched. Anson and I tried to ride up to a monastery
on a high cliff and found the road impassable, part of it having lately
fallen down.
The next day we rode to the Valley of the Kedron, to Bethany and
to our camp, which was pitched near the Garden of Gethsemane on
the Mount of Olives, in full view of the Temple. On the way up the
gorge of the Valley of the Kedron, we visited a curious monastery
(Standing) Baron Halkett, Newton, Helen, Graham, Mr
(Seated) Sarah, Anson, Mrs. Stokes, Ethel
Mildred, Harold, Carrie
FAMILY GROUPS AT DINGLEY HALL
Graham, Newton, Anson, Sarah, Helen
Ethel, Carrie, Mildred, Harold
HOLY LAND
with many rooms cut in the rock. We were greatly interested in
Bethany, the Mount of Olives and that neighborhood. The brook
Kedron, however, where it runs between the Temple and the Mount
of Olives, is like a sluggish open sewer, and not appropriate to the
lines
and
"Thou swift gliding Kedron,
By thy silvery stream . . ."
". . . lose in thy murmurs the toils of the day."
We saw an impressive ceremony in the Church of the Holy
Sepulchre.
Rode to Bethel, Jacob's well, Sychor and Shechem, near which we
camped for the night, and saw the ancient Samaritan Pentateuch
guarded by a handsome old priest, who claimed to be a lineal descen-
dant of Aaron.
We went through Dothan and camped near Jenin, thence passing
by Nain to Nazareth, where we camped. It is pleasant to note that
many of the women at Nazareth are very nice-looking.
The next day we rode over the hill to Cana, where we saw the an-
cient water-jars in the church, and passing over the mount where our
Lord's sermon was preached, we went down to Tiberias on the Sea of
Galilee, six hundred and eighty-two feet below the level of the Medi-
terranean. I felt rather ashamed that my Yankee instincts made me
think what a fine water-power could be obtained by laying a pipe
through the Valley of Jezreel from the Mediterranean. I suppose
this will be done some day to make carbide and to furnish electric
light and power for trolley cars, manufactories, etc.
The next day, near Magdala, we hired a boat and went to Caper-
naum. One of the sailors cast a net and caught a lot of fish, some of
which we cooked and ate on the shore near Capernaum.
We rode up a steep hillside to Safed, "the city set on a hill," where
we camped in the old cemetery. After dinner the English clergyman,
of Jewish descent, and his English wife called, and said that if we
would like to attend the service the next day (Sunday) , he would send
his servant to show us the way. He told me how long their mission
1:23]
STOKES RECORDS
had been established in Safed. I asked him about his work, whether
there had been many conversions of Jews to Christianity. He said
that one man had lately been baptized in London, who, he believed,
was really prepared for baptism before he left Safed, and that there
was another man now in Safed that he considered prepared for bap-
tism, but could not advise him to be baptized on account of the op-
position the man would meet with in his family.
In reply to my question whether there was any other body of Chris-
tians doing missionary work there, he said that Scotch Presbyterians
had a mission at Capernaum, and on the claim that they wished a
cooler resort for summer, had opened a mission house in Safed. His
wife said, "We are always polite to them," and he said, "Yes, we treat
them politely."
The next morning his servant came to take us to the English church,
where the service began about ten o'clock. There were at this service
not more than fourteen, including our party of five. After the service
I asked if the clergyman's servant might show us to the Scotch mis-
sion. He took us there through a number of streets, and we found
that the backs of the English and Scotch missions were close together.
Almost the first words I heard, on entering the room in which the
service was held, were "the Sawbath day." There were about the
same number present as at the English church service. The sermon
had begun, but the preacher appeared to go back and recommence.
After the service the minister proposed to walk back with us to our
camp. On the way he said to me, "Do you not think it a mistake to
appoint a Jew as a missionary?" That evening an American mis-
sionary called, and told us he was carrying on an independent mission
which was partly medical. Said he knew my aunt, Mrs. Atterbury.
The next day rode through the valley of the upper Jordan to Cae-
sarea Philippi. We went considerably out of the usual route of travel
to visit an ancient temple of Baal in remarkable preservation, and a
Coptic monastery, where the head of that sect gave Anson his photo-
graph, on which he wrote his signature, saying, "That will pass you
anywhere among the Copts." We camped not far from the temple of
1:243
HOLY LAND
Baal, and the next morning, while at breakfast, our dragoman, Selim
Mousa, brought to our tent a man whom he said he knew and who had
antiques for sale. One of these "antiques" was evidently a china head
of a French doll which, probably from rolling among the stones in a
brook, had got much rubbed down. Another was an ancient coin
having a Roman trireme on one side. This, Selim told me, he knew
to be of the time of Noah. Selim was a remarkably good dragoman,
and was also gifted with credulity. He told us that some fishermen
of Jaffa (Joppa), where he lived, had once found an island in the sea,
on which they landed and made a fire, when they discovered it was a
whale, which swam off and down with them.
We carried with us a luncheon tent, which a servant, after helping
to pack up the camp equipage, would ride forward with and set up to
be ready for our luncheon. After luncheon we would remain some
time in this tent and Helen would read to us from a guide-book and
from Mark Twain's Innocents Abroad, which is a pretty good guide-
book to Syria.
One day our dragoman came to tell us that the horses were ready to
go on, and Helen said, "Mousa, have you ever read this book?" He
said, "Oh, yes, I have that book at home," and then he proceeded to
read out slowly from the end cover what he supposed to be the title,
"Good morning, have you used Pears' Soap?" Arabic books com-
mence at the back. Selim Mousa spoke English and claimed to be
posted in English guide-books.
The servant who carried my luncheon tent was particularly afraid
of my horse, a fact which the horse seemed to recognize and enjoy,
for he would rush at him, and once with his teeth pulled everything
off the back of the servant's horse. So when the servant had to pass us
in the mornings, he would make a long detour, trying to get by on the
other side of walls or rocks.
We went to the river Abana and to Damascus.
From Damascus we rode to Baalbek, where we camped under the
mulberry trees by the water-pools. The ruins of Baalbek are very
impressive, the stones being surprisingly large. While looking at the
n25n
STOKES RECORDS
ruins we met a man, evidently an American-Irish politician, who
kept saying to us, "Is n't it imminse?" Anson incautiously asked him
where he lived in America, and he replied, "This is not me day for
confission."
We stopped over Sunday at Zahleh, where we saw evidences of
prosperity unusual in an Eastern town. We were told that many
Syrians from Zahleh went to the United States, where they made
money as peddlers of small wooden articles supposed to be cut from
the wood of trees that grew on the Mount of Olives, but that these
olive-wood crosses, etc., were really manufactured at Marseilles from
French olive-wood, and that the steamers from Syria to America
stopped at Marseilles and took on board the peddlers' supplies. We
saw many Syrian women dressed in European finery, probably sec-
ond-hand. We met also a party of Cook's tourists, and learned that
there had been unhappiness in their camp owing to dissensions among
the party.
We rode on to Beirut. For part of the way we found a good car-
riage road, but we left this and crossed a very steep ravin^e to see some
ancient inscriptions. At Beirut we saw President Bliss of the Amer-
ican College and other missionaries. From Beirut we went to
Cyprus, visited Tarsus, and sailed along the interesting coast of Asia
Minor to Smyrna.
I had long before engaged, through Cook, staterooms in a steamer
to take us from Smyrna to Constantinople. This steamer arrived at
Smyrna during the night, and we went on board very early in the
morning to make sure of securing our rooms. Anson and I had hardly
got into our rooms when an officer of the steamer came to the door
with an unpleasant-looking Turk, governor of a province in Asia
Minor, on his way to Constantinople. We were told that we must
give up our stateroom to this high Turkish official. This I refused to
do, and closing the door, put against it a stout oak stick which I had
carried through the Holy Land and Syria, and which just fitted be-
tween the closed door and the wash-stand, so that the door could not
be opened. We held the fort against the Moslem, whom I repeatedly
n26n
I. N. PHELPS STOKES
saw glaring at me on the deck, where he was sitting cross-legged,
among his wives.
Continuing along the interesting coast and by the site of ancient
Troy, we arrived at Constantinople one beautiful morning. After a
few days we took the Orient Express through to Paris.^ As Ethel had
not before been to Vienna, we got off at the eastern railway station,
and drove across the city to the western station.
After a few days in Paris we went to London, and stopped at
Thomas's, Berkeley Square, where Mama and the younger children
were stopping.
I had a sale of my hunters at Tattersall's.
May 30th, Caroline and Harold were found to have whooping-
cough, which led us to start for home earlier than we had expected.
About June 14th, arrived with my family in New York, and went
to the Glover House, Newport,^ which I had hired.
This year Newton was graduated from Harvard. While in col-
lege he was a member of the Institute of 1770, D K E, Delta Phi, the
A D Club, the Hasty Pudding Club, the Signet, O.K., and Philo-
sophical societies, and president of the St. Paul Society.^
^ Father spoke repeatedly of the pleasure his visit to Palestine had given him, and was
most anxious to go again, taking me with him. — H. L. P. S.
^ This was the place aftervi'ards bought by Arthur James, for whom my son Newton built
a new house, tearing down the old one.
' After leaving college, Newton spent several winters in Paris, in the study of architec-
ture. In 1897 he formed a partnership with John Mead Howells for the practice of that
profession in New York. He was appointed by Governor Roosevelt architect member
from New York of the State Tenement House Commission. While a member of this
commission he served as chairman of the Committee on New Buildings, and was one of the
committee of four which drafted the tenement house law of 1902.
Also, in 1901, he became a member of the Charity Organization Society and a member
of its Tenement House Committee, and still (1914) retains both offices.
In 1908 he was a member of the Board of Governors of the City Club.
In 1909-10 he was secretary of the Architectural League, and one of two representatives
of the League in the Art Federation.
In 1910 he was an active member of the committee of citizens who succeeded, after a
prolonged fight, in preventing the demolition of St. John's Chapel, Varick Street.
In 191 1 he was an active member of the committee of the New York chapter of the
American Institute of Architects which successfully led the fight to save City Hall Park
from being encroached upon by the new court-house.
In 1911, 1912 and 1913 he served as architect member of the Art Commission of New
York City. At the expiration of his term he received the following letter:
127-]
STOKES RECORDS
July. There was a movement in the Reform Club to have a por-
trait of me, to be paid for by subscription among the members. This
I stopped.'
July 17th. The Austin Mining Company was formed.^
"Art Commission
"of the
"City of New York
"City Hall, December 29, 1913.
"Hon. I. N. Phelps Stokes,
"100 William Street, New York City.
"Sir:
"At a meeting of the Art Commission of the City of New York held December 8, 1913,
the following testimonial was unanimously adopted :
" 'We, the members of the Art Commission of the City of New York, deeply regret that
we are to lose from our membership Mr. I. N. Phelps Stokes, whose term expires Decem-
ber thirty-first. We hereby express our sincere appreciation of the conscientious and effi-
cient manner in which Mr. Stokes has performed the duties — always arduous and exacting
— of architect member of the Commission. In fact, he has exalted duties into opportunities
to serve the Commission and thereby the City. We have grown accustomed to rely upon his
impartial judgment and shall greatly miss him from our counsels. His tact and kindliness,
his devotion and loyalty, his pleasing personality and uniform courtesy have endeared him to
all of his associates.
" 'Resolved, that the Secretary be instructed to send to Mr. Stokes a copy of the above
testimonial.'
"Yours very truly,
"(Signed) J. A. Mitchell,
"Secretary."
Under Mayor Van Wjck he served as school inspector of the district in which his grand-
father, James Stokes, had formerly held the same office. Under Mayor Gaynor he served
on the mayor's committee on a "sane Fourth of July."
For a number of years he has been president of the Wyllys Company, vice-president of
the Woodbridge Company and a director of the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad. — H. L.
P. S.
' See p. 48.
^ I first saw Mr. P. T. Farnsworth early in July, 1891, soon after my return with my
family from abroad. He came to my office with Mr. A. C. Washington, president of the
Horn Silver Mining Company. I was told that Mr. Farnsworth was the general manager
and mining expert of that company.
The Horn Silver Mining Company, besides their property in Utah, owned a large mining
property at Grantsville, about a dozen miles from lone, Nevada, and had done a large
business with the Nevada Central Railroad, in which company I was largely interested.
Messrs. Farnsworth and Washington had lately been in Austin together, and had made
some examination of the mines there. Mr. Farnsworth explained how he had been down
the Union shaft at Austin, and how favorably he had been impressed with the property by
his own personal examination.
The manager of the Nevada Central Railroad and the owner of the stock of the com-
1:283
BARONESS HALKETT
1892
ENGLISH POLITICS
July 28th. Letter from Reform Club, asking for my portrait.
In September we went to the Homestead, Lenox.
1892
January 22d. Newton wrote me from San Francisco about Austin
matters.
January 28th. I wrote to my daughter, Baroness Halkett, on
genealogical matters.^
February, we planned to go to Bermuda, but did not go. My
daughter Sarah was then living at Newton House, near Chester, and
her husband. Baron Halkett, was the Liberal candidate for that bor-
ough. Helen and I went over to visit them. We met at their house
John Morley and Herbert Gladstone, and a number of others promi-
nent in political life.
I did a little hunting in the neighborhood of Chester. Noticed that
the Duke of Westminster, while he rode well, had greatly aged since
I had seen him in 1864, when he was Earl Grosvenor and master of
the North Cheshire hounds. He was now rather thin and pale.
On the Tuesday evening before, May 28th, I spoke at a political
meeting at Chester. I had at first declined to speak, thinking it was
pany owning most of the mines at Austin were in my office the same day, and during much
of the time that Mr. Washington and Mr. Farnsworth were there. Mr. Washington
spoke of his reliance on Mr. Farnsworth's judgment, and as to himself, told me of his ex-
perience in the Horn Silver Mining Company, of which he was the president, and which had
already paid $5,000,000 in cash dividends, and that the president of the United States Trust
Company had known him since he was a boy. I inquired at the Trust Company, and
though the president was absent, got satisfactory information regarding Mr. Washington,
whom I had never seen before that day.
I joined him in purchasing the Austin mines and in forming a company to operate them.
I took forty-nine per cent, of the stock for myself and friends, and Mr. Washington took
fifty-one per cent, for himself and Mr. Farnsworth. It was agreed that the officers of the
company should not receive any compensation for their services until the property was put
on a dividend-paying basis, and that Mr. Washington should be made president and Mr.
Farnsworth general manager, and that my secretary, Mr. Arthur B. Elliman, should be
made treasurer. Mr. Washington insisted that he and Mr. Farnsworth should have con-
trolling interest in the stock.
The company was organized not only to do silver-mining at Austin, but other mining.
The business was profitable for a time, but, owing largely to the great decline in silver,
became unprofitable. The management also appeared to me unsatisfactory. Later Mr.
Elliman went to live in Austin, having been advised to seek a climate of about that altitude.
1 See p. 48. = See Vol. IV, Appendix J.
C293
STOKES RECORDS
not best to meddle in English politics. But Baron Halkett's friends
urged that it would help the candidate to have it seen that his father-
in-law stood by him. The following report of my speech is from the
Chester Chronicle:
"On Tuesday evening a meeting of the Liberal party was held at the club, in
Watergate Street, to appoint a committee to assist in the return of Baron Halkett. The
step became necessary in consequence of the dissolution of the Chester Liberal Associa-
tion a few days previously. The proceedings were most enthusiastic. Mr. W. C.
Deeley presided, and delivered one of the most admirable speeches ever heard from him.
It was thoughtful, argumentative, and encouraging. The committee was then elected.
"Baron Halkett followed with details of the negotiations leading up to the engage-
ment of Mr. Thorburn as his election agent.
"In response to a call, Mr. Thorburn spoke of the work of organization in view of
the approaching contest.
"In response to cries for Mr. Phelps-Stokes (Baron Halkett's father-in-law), that
gentleman delivered a most interesting address on his experiences of Home Rule in
America. He said: 'I yield to the urgent request of our friends to say a few words
regarding Home Rule. We have tried it in America ; I think you are going to try it in
Great Britain. I hope and believe that Home Rule will prove as satisfactory here as
we have found it there. Each State in the American Union is sovereign as regards its
domestic affairs, its legislature, its judiciary, its police, and its laws regarding land, etc.
The General Government at Washington is sovereign regarding the particular matters
confided to it by the States. Each of the States is sovereign regarding all other matters.
A Supreme Court settles all disputes as to the limits of these different sovereignties.
Home Rule works so perfectly with us that it is difficult for an American to understand
how free government can long be continued without it. We are sure it will come to
be understood and to be adopted by you, and with the best results for your peace and
prosperity, and for the furtherance of a hearty good understanding between the Eng-
lish-speaking peoples. [Applause.] For some years after our late war, many felt that
it would not be safe to give Home Rule to the conquered Southern States, and that the
North ought to govern the South by right of conquest, as Lord Randolph Churchill has
said that you govern Ireland "by right of conquest." It was felt that many rebels in
the South were still plotting to destroy the Union, that in many communities there the
blacks, lately slaves, far outnumbered the whites, and might establish general confisca-
tion of property. Well, we tried fully the plan of governing the South "by right of
conquest." It was a miserable failure, producing endless contentions and distress. We
then gave the South Home Rule just as fully as we had it at the North. This grand
experiment has proved in every way safe and satisfactory. [Applause.] There is not
one statesman in the United States to-day who would dare to denounce Home Rule,
for it has proved the most essential element in our national prosperity ; and there is not
one who sees in Home Rule any danger to the perpetuity of our Union, for there is no
longer any possible doubt as to the authority and the power of our General Govern-
ment to maintain the Union, to provide for the national defence and to conduct our
foreign affairs. [Applause.] An agreement between Great Britain and the United
States for a permanent court of arbitration to decide such classes of questions as may be
agreed upon is the most important matter of international policy that can be considered
at the present time. It can be most appropriately discussed now that general elections
are about to occur in both these countries, when there is no burning question between
1:303
HOME RULE
them, when the Behring Sea dispute has shown the people on all sides the necessity of
arbitration, and the loss and danger and folly of waiting to negociate a separate treaty
for each particular case. It would be difficult to arrange any general agreement for
arbitration between many nations differing greatly in power, in language, race, and
religion. Great Britain and the United States, however, present to-day most favour-
able conditions for a permanent arbitration agreement which would be an example to
the world. It would remove jealousies, it would lead to mutually advantageous trade,
and to that ascendency of the English-speaking peoples which would bless the world
with peace. [Applause.] Resolutions passed by the American Congress in favour of
a general agreement for arbitration have been presented to your Government, and have
fairly opened the way for action on the part of your Parliament. I regret that it has
not taken such action. Mr. Labouchere and other Liberal leaders have indicated that
they intend to take suitable action when the new Liberal Parliament meets, and I do
not doubt that your approaching election will advance the cause of peace and pros-
perity, of freedom and fraternity. Therefore I, an American of English descent, and
with a real interest in the welfare of both my own country and of the mother country,
which I also love, and to which I have given a hostage, wish you God-speed. [Ap-
plause.] I do not claim that Home Rule is a Yankee innovation. Our fathers brought
it from England. The fleet of fifteen vessels which, under John Winthrop as governor
and Thomas Dudley as deputy-governor, sailed in 1630 for Massachusetts Bay, carried
the charter of King Charles the First, giving to them and to those who should there
inhabit with them the whole government of the New England which they were to
found. This principle of Home Rule was and always has been the corner-stone of the
foundation of the United States. To Home Rule we owe our success as a nation. It
was the attempt of the English Tories to deprive us of Home Rule which caused our
separation from our mother country. I should like to repeat to you a few lines from
the agreement signed at Cambridge, England, August 26, 1629, by some eleven leading
Puritans, among them my ancestor, Thomas Dudley, afterwards governor of Massa-
chusetts. This is perhaps the most important of all old historical Home Rule docu-
ments. I will quote only a few words from it. "Provided always that the whole gov-
ernment, together with the patent of said plantation, be first by an order of court
legally transferred and established to remain with us and others which shall inhabit
upon said plantation." The king consented, being anxious firmly to establish the new
colony and to get rid of some prominent Puritans. Emerson says: "A capital fact dis-
tinguishing this colony from all other colonies was that the persons composing it con-
sented to come on one condition, that the charter should be transferred from tlie com-
pany in England to themselves, and so they brought the government with them." [Ap-
plause.] It has been only by the steady maintenance of this grand principle of Home
Rule that we Americans have maintained our free institutions against foreign domina-
tion and against the despotism of domestic centralization. Is there then any cause for
wonder that Americans believe in Home Rule as the great promoter of prosperity and
of peace and good-will among states and nations? I have to sail to-morrow for my
home in the States, but I shall hope to visit jour happy hunting-grounds again next
year, when you will have made a great advance in the cause of Home Rule, which is
the cause of freedom and of humanity. [Applause.]'
"Mr. Rigby, J. P., of Dee Hill, delivered a thoroughly rousing speech— taking off
Lord Salisbury very neatly, and urging the Liberals to a determined effort to return
Baron Halkett for the city.
"Votes of thanks concluded the proceedings. It was a most successful meeting
throughout."
STOKES RECORDS
When Baron Halkett and Sarah were living at Newton House, Mr.
and Mrs. William E. Gladstone visited them, and it was while accom-
panying them to a political meeting that Mr. Gladstone was struck in
the eye by a piece of gingerbread thrown by a woman political op-
ponent. Sarah kept part of the historic gingerbread.^
The only occasion during this campaign when Mr. Gladstone ad-
dressed a public meeting in the interest of a parliamentary candidate
was on behalf of Baron Halkett, who stood for the borough of Chester
at the request of Mr. Herbert Gladstone.
It was supposed that the Duke of Westminster would not actively
oppose Baron Halkett's election, but a bill having been introduced in
Parliament by the Liberals to tax ground rents, the duke's opposition
became very active. He was the landlord of half of Chester. The
duke, formerly one of the strongest supporters of Mr. Gladstone, now
bitterly opposed him and Home Rule.
Baron Halkett was attacked for his Hanoverian title, although his
title was specially authorized by royal license to be used in Great
Britain, and the Queen was herself Hanoverian— Hanover having
formerly been joined to England much as Scotland now is.
April 9th. We left Newton House with Mrs. Glenn Vivian for
London. While at London stopped at Thomas's Hotel. Dined one
night at Mrs. Vivian's, another night at Baroness Burdett Coutts's,
and went after with Mr. and Baroness Burdett Coutts to the play
{Lady Windermere's Fan).
At the Wellington Club, of which I have long been a member, I
found a letter from Lord Saye and Sele,- referring to the Harlaken-
den family. I had written him that I intended to visit Earl's Colne,
etc. He suggested that I also go to his place, Broughton Castle, near
Banbury ; said he regretted he was not living there himself to entertain
us, but enclosed an introduction to his tenant. We went there and
were much interested. Lord Saye and Sele of Cromwell's time was
^ The intense partisan feeling displayed at dinners and in the clubs, where Gladstone was
called Jesuit and traitor, helped me to understand the violent political and religious ani-
mosities that caused so many family separations at the end of the eighteenth century.
2 See Vol. IV, Appendix K.
[:32]
JOHN HAYNES
called the godfather of the Revolution, and had many troops quar-
tered in the attic of this house, which is surrounded by a moat and
defended by a tower on the bridge/ The moat also encloses a church
in which is the tomb of the present Lord Saye and Sele's aunt, daugh-
ter of Mr. Dwight of Boston, and granddaughter of a Woodbridge.-
Saturday, April loth, left London with my daughter Helen, and
arrived at Chelmsford, Essex, about 1 1.45 A.M. Found it would have
been more direct to Copford to have gone to Colchester.
Copford Hall is about seventeen miles northeast from Chelmsford,
and about six miles southwest from Colchester. Got a wagonette with
two horses and drove to Copford Hall. Called at the Hall, and found
that the owner, Thomas Haynes Harrison, Esq., had gone to Col-
chester for the day. The housekeeper showed us some fine old por-
traits, but did not know the names except those of Major-General
Haynes and his wife. Left my card, on which I wrote "a descendant
of John Haynes and Mabel Harlakenden."
Copford Hall is of brick. The grass and trees in the park are
lovely, ground rolling, and fine large old woods. The estate is five
miles long. Thomas Haynes Harrison farmed most of it himself, and
had another large estate in Suffolk, but both were heavily mortgaged.
He appeared over seventy and a queer old bachelor, a Radical, and
popular with the people. Was considered a miserable manager.
There were enormous quantities of daws in his forest, and he would n't
allow them to be driven ofif the fields. Said the birds must eat. Al-
lowed the postman to ride one of his horses. Had no fine horses him-
self. Did not hunt, but preserved foxes and allowed hunting. Let
poor people turn their horses into his pastures. His neighbors felt
that he did not take his proper position in the county. He was not a
J. P. He went once a week to visit his mother in London. When
^ The small tower at Shadow Brook House, with stone staircase from ground to attic, is
copied from this house.
^ Benjamin Woolsey Dwight, son of President Timothy Dwight of Yale, married Sophia
Woodbridge Strong, daughter of Sophia Woodbridge and granddaughter of John Wood-
bridge.
1331
STOKES RECORDS
young, quarreled with his uncle, and went to Australia and New
Zealand, where his family could not find him for some time. Re-
mained away for twenty-five years, returning through America in
1874. Estate so encumbered that he could not cut down a tree, al-
though there were great quantities of valuable timber in his woods.
Some of these trees were in existence before the time of Queen Eliza-
beth. His brother was bishop of Glasgow. His father was said to
have been insane.
We visited the old church, which was charming. On the walls
were fine old frescoes which had been long concealed by whitewash.
Saw the door on which the Dane's skin was once nailed. In the vestry
were some small pieces which were all that then remained of this
human skin.* Bought a description and account of the church.
Called at the rectory, a nice house about half a mile away from the
church and near Copford Green.
The rector. Rev. Benjamin Kuck-Keene, exchanged livings in 1878
with Rev. Peter Almeric Leheup Wood, who is now in Gloucester-
shire, so the rector at Copford did not know much about local history.
Returned to Alma Inn on Copford Green, where we had left our
luggage. The inn was very small but very neat. Good, plain fare.
About the green is an ideal English village, with vine-covered cot-
tages and picturesque hay-stacks, etc. The villagers had their weekly
Saturday evening dance and song singing in the tap-room of the inn,
and left promptly at ten o'clock, after singing "God Save the Queen."
Sunday, April loth, went to church. The rector had us shown into
the squire's pew. Squire Harrison not there. He read the newspa-
pers Sunday mornings. Rector asked us to luncheon, but we knew
his wife was ill, and we said we had ordered luncheon at inn. Ac-
cepted his invitation to tea.
Went to churchyard before three P.M. service. Close to Hall and
church there was a beautiful herd of bright bay hornless cattle. The
squire was among them. He invited us to the Hall, and asked if we
had had luncheon. We had some talk about family matters and he
^ See Vol. I, p. 134.
[343
18G5177
EARL'S COLNE
showed us a letter he had received from A. M. Haynes of Galena,
Illinois, which mentioned John Haynes Low of Summerfield, New
Jersey. He had had a letter from President Harrison about his fam-
ily. Said he would go to church with us, and that if we would re-
turn with him and remain to tea, he would tell us about the family
portraits, etc. Went with him through grounds back of house and
through side door of church to his pew, and returned same way after
service.
The only Haynes portraits are those of Major-General Haynes of
the Civil War and his beautiful wife. The others were Eldred and
Cox portraits, relatives that owned the neighboring estate of Olivers.
Showed us his copy of Morant's Essex, in which we found marked
references to Harlakendens.
While we were talking the rector called to take us to tea at the rec-
tory, saying his wife had come down-stairs and he had promised to be
punctual to take tea at five. The squire walked with us to the Green.
The rector's wife was reclining on a sofa and looking very ill. Found
she was a sister of Miss Berners whom we knew at Pau, and whom one
of Hugh's cousins. Miss Cragie Halkett, was then visiting.
Mrs. Kuck-Keene is descended from Berners and others mentioned
on Harlakenden chart,' and is also descended from Oliver Cromwell.
She showed us an original letter from the Lord Protector, and spoke
repeatedly of the "murder of Charles."
We learned that one of the then owners of Earl's Colne Priory, a
Mrs. Keeling, lived at Earl's Colne, near the Priory Park. Walked
one and a half miles to Mark Tay, and ordered a dog-cart to come to
inn at nine next morning. Had a beautiful walk across the fields.
Sun just set. Moon nearly full.
Monday, April 12th. Found on breakfast table a note from Squire
Harrison with a bound copy of the Gentleman's Magazine for May,
1837. It contained some account of Copford Hall, and at page 486
some interleaved manuscript containing, among other things, copies
of the inscriptions on Harlakenden monuments in Earl's Colne church
1 At end of Vol. I.
1:353
STOKES RECORDS
and other memoranda. We were in haste, but I copied the following
memorandum:
"Roger Harlakenden, bap. i Oct., 1611; mar. Emlin, who was buried 18 Aug.,
1634. Mabel, seventh daughter. 9 May, 1614."
On a loose, small bit of paper I found the following in pencil
marks, not very clear :
"John Haynes of Old Holt, died 1605
John Haynes 1 buys Copford Hall of a Montjoy, 1624
1
obert, died 1657
Hezekiah, General in Civil War
1
John Hezekiah
1
1 III
Thomas James Ann Mary
1
John Hezekiah I '
d. 1713 m. Catherine Miles. No issue Counselor Cox.
Ann buys Coggershall"
The squire's note requested me to leave the book for him with the
innkeeper, Mr. Goody.
Had a pleasant drive to Earl's Colne,^ but country almost all
plough and some small woods.*
Found Earl's Colne Priory a modern building near ruins of the old
priory and occupied by Rev. Ashgill Colvele, a retired clergyman.
He was out driving. His wife* showed us the house, and also showed
us in conservatory passage four tombs of earls of Oxford with recum-
bent figures. She showed us also a photograph of Bishop Har-
rison of Glasgow, and took us to see Mrs. Keeling, whom we found
with Mr. Keeling near their cottage and by a boat which they had on
a small stream or pond.^ She was about twenty, and with her brother.
^ My ancestor. See Vol. II for his other children. ' See plate, Vol. I, p. 108.
^ In the Earl's Colne woods there are many fine oaks that escaped the demand for ship
timber in Queen Elizabeth's time.
* She asked me to help her sell Elk Hill estate, belonging to her and her sister. It is on
James River in Goochland County, Virginia, fifty miles west of Richmond, twelve hundred
acres and house that cost at least £6000. Would sell it for £6000.
^ The Colne, which is dammed near there.
1:36:
HARLAKENDEN
Percy Harlakenden Carwardine, owns Colne Priory. This brother
lived in South America. They are descended from the Harlaken-
dens, and accent the second syllable of that name. Two years before
this their trustees had a sale of the pictures, etc., at Christie's, but there
were no Harlakenden portraits among them. The trustees then leased
the priory to Rev. Mr. Colvele for a long term of years. Mrs. Keeling
told me that her cousin (Captain W. Geoffrey Probert) was writing
something about family history, and would communicate with me.
Walked back with Mrs. Colvele and examined ruins. A new roof
was being put on the pigeon-house, where the monks used to keep
many hundreds of pigeons in cells which still remain and are still
used by pigeons.
Declined Mrs. Colvele's kind invitation to luncheon, as we had not
time.
Walked through an avenue of trees, as old, I think, as any I have
seen in England, to the old church. Found almost all the monuments
were to Harlakendens or to their heirs or relatives. Among the names
were Harlakenden (sometimes spelled Harlackenden), Elliston,
Eldred, Androwes (sometimes spelled Andrews), Wale and Car-
wardine.
On wall at east end of south aisle were the following:
"Here lieth Jane y« 5th and Mabell' y« 7th daughter
of Richard Harlakenden, Esq., and Margaret, his wife." -
"Roger ^ Harlakenden died 20 January, 1602, father
of Roger, Richard, Thomas and Mabell."
"The adjoining monument of Harlakendens repaired and inscription made perfect
(from books of Herald's office) at charge of Mary Androwes, relict of Daniel An-
drowes of Low Layton, Essex, in pious memory of that ancient family of which she
was the only child of the last heir male, Sept. 30, 1729."
"John Eldred of Olivers, interred Nov. 29, 1652."
"George Biddulph of Polesworth, Wanvick. Erected by his relict Frances, young-
est daughter of Mary Androwes."
^ My ancestor, wife of Governor John Haynes. See Vol. II.
^ This memorial was erected 9th May, 1614.
* The first Roger looks as if it may have been written to replace the
STOKES RECORDS
"John Wale of Colne Priory, eldest son of John Wale, late of Safifron Walden,
Essex, by Ann his wife, daughter of Daniel Androwes and Mary his wife, only daugh-
ter and child of the last heir male of the family of the Harlakendens, married 4 January,
1738, to Ann Eldred, also a descendant of the Harlakendens."
"Here lyeth the body of Mehitable Elliston, only daughter of Edward EUiston and
Mehitable, one of the daughters of Thomas Harlakenden and Dorothy his wife, who
departed this life 2 April, 1657, aged 30 years."
On the adjoining south wall of the church are the following:
"Ann, eldest daughter of Thomas Carwardine."
"Thomas Carwardine, Prebendary of St. Paul, married Ann, sole heiress
of John Wale of Colne Priory, and lineal descendant of the Harlakenden
family. Died 21 March, 181 7."
I had time to copy only parts of inscriptions.
Got a trap and drove to Kelvedon station. Arrived at Ilford, for-
merly a part of Barking parish, at 4.15 P.M. Drove one and a half
miles to Barking church, St. Margaret's. Went through old abbey
gate (on which there is a chapel of the Holy Rood) into St. Mar-
garet's churchyard.
Found in register:
( Martha Ann, Da. of )
Baptised ) William & Sarah ■ Born Nov. 6."
Dec. 16, 1 761 } s,^;^^, \
This William ^6 and this Sarah Stokes '7 vvere my great-grand-
parents, and Martha Ann was their eldest child.'
The clergyman said there were no Stokeses in Barking, but that
the neighborhood, including Ilford, formerly belonged to Barking
parish.
Walford's Guide to Essex, 1882, says Ilford has only of late years
been made parochial, having formed part of the large parish of Bark-
ing:
"Ilford Church, built 183 1. There are several district churches and many handsome
seats in this neighborhood. Barking parish church is dedicated to St. Margaret. It
includes some fine monuments. It is in grounds of one of the most ancient and im-
portant Benedictine convents in the kingdom. Its abbess was one of four who held
seats in the great council of the kingdom. Founded 670. It had many noble and ever-
royal abbesses, Saxon and Norman."
1 See Vol. I, p. 37.
12^1
WYLL.YS
Vessels of four hundred tons formerly could go up the river to
Barking. We found Barking a dumping-ground for refuse, the river
almost filled up. The London sewage is distributed in the neighbor-
hood by the new system. The railway dikes and fillings-in looked
very unpleasant. There are numerous market-gardens about.
Returned to London. Had a late dinner at Alexandria Hotel,
where we stayed.
Tuesday, April 13th. Did some shopping, mostly at book-stores.
Got maps, guide-books for Warwickshire, Gloucestershire, etc., and
spent some time studying Atkins's Gloucestershire, Dugdale's War-
wickshire, and also read about the Stokes family in one of the volumes
of Morant's Essex. Had not before seen the notice of Stokes Manor.
Had to leave it for a future visit, as we must be back at Newton
House by Friday. Bought Heraldic Visitation of Essex.
Stokes Manor, mentioned in Morant's Essex as being in Dingey
Hundred (if it be, as I suppose, the Stokes Hall in Dengie Hundred
on Stanford's map) , is thirty miles east from Barking.
Wednesday, April 14th. Left London, Paddington, 1.30 P.M.;
arrived Oxford, 2.48, and Fenny Compton, 4.38.
Found the church locked. Went to rectory. The Rev. Doctor
Bigg,^ rector, went back to church with us and showed us, on the floor
below south wall of chancel and just outside of rail, a brass plate.
Helen copied as follows:
"Here lyeth buried the bodie of Richard Willis of Feny Compton in the countye of
Warwicke, Gent: sonne of Ambrose Willis, deceased, which said Richard had by
Hester his wife five children, that is to say, George, William, Richard, Idithe and
Marie, all now livinge; who deceased the tenthe daye of June, I597'"
This is the only one remaining. Dugdale gives the others.
Returned to the rectory, where we had tea and met Mrs. Bigg, and
Helen copied the following from a book in which Doctor Bigg had
^ My sisters visited Fenny Compton, August lO, 1893. Sister Caroline wrote in her
diary: "Walked about through the church. Did not stop to see the rector, Doctor Bigg,
whom brother Anson had met a year before."
1:39:
STOKES RECORDS
copied some extracts from the register, which he also showed us, but
it was faded and not very easy to read :
"Information respecting Willis family sent to Mrs. Averj', 657 Woodland Hills,
Cleveland, O., U.S.A.:
Jan. 31, 1629, Mar)' Willys, daughter of John and Mary Willys, bap.
Mch. II, 1629, Bridget [Bridget Young], wife of George Wyllys,i buried.
[Day illegible], 1631, Samuel, son of George and Mary Wyllys his second wife,
baptized.
Jan. 12, 1633, Anne, daughter of John and Mary Willis, baptized.
May 23, 1633, John Wyllys buried.
Aug. 31, 1634, Mary Willis buried.
Aug. 31, 1636, Mrs. Mary Willis, eldest daughter of Mr. George Willis, buried.
Sep. II, 1639, Mrs. Joane Willys, wife of Mr. Richard Willis, buried.
Aug. 7, 1656, Bridget, da. of George and Susanna Willys, baptized."
Doctor Bigg went with us to see the old Wyllys manor-house, which
has been made over into a large farm-house. There has been no lord
of the manor since George Wyllys. Christ Church, Oxford, now
owns most of the property, and Archdeacon Holbeck of Farnbor-
ough, Banbury, the remainder.
Knapton is a few miles distant, but we did not have time to visit it.^
Spent the night at Stratford-on-Avon.^
Thursday, April 15th. Went to Tewkesbury.*
Bought for ten pounds at Lawrence's book-shop an old painting®
that formerly hung in the old Phelps house and was bought at the sale
after the death of the last Phelps who lived in Tewkesbury. He was
mayor of the city, and his brother, William Law Phelps, lived at
Puckrup Hall, Twining, about two miles from Tewkesbury.
^ My ancestor, Governor of Connecticut in 1642.
- Later I went twice to Knapton, once when I was hunting, and once when I was driving
through. But I did not have time to stop long and failed to get any information of im-
portance.
^ My sister Caroline wrote in her journal, August 11, 1893, '" reference to her visit to
Stratford: "Saw a charming portrait of a beautiful woman, a small panel, antiquarian's.
Asked if he knew regarding its history, he said, 'No,' but it was a portrait of a member of
one of the oldest Stratford families, in some way connected with Shakespeare. I asked
name, and he said, 'Smith.' I asked if it was the Francis Smith who left the money for
Stratford Bridge, etc., and he said, 'Yes, a descendant'; so I was very glad to buy the
beautiful painted face, with the thought of a possible mutual ancestor."
* At Lawrence's Old Curiosity Shop bought the History of Tewkesbury, by James
Bennett, Tewkesbury, 1830, and the History and Antiquities of Tewkesbury, by W. Dyde,
2d ed., 1798. The latter book is very rare. There have been three editions.
' See plate. Vol. I, p. 112.
LETTER FROM HON. WILLIAM WALTER PHELPS
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It appears from Dyde's History and Antiquities of Tewkesbury,
that a George Phelps lived in 1798 at Bredon, near Twining and near
Tewkesbury, and was a subscriber for his book. Also that Thomas
Stoke was made abbot of Tewkesbury in 1253, and died in 1275.
We took luncheon at the Swan, and ordered a carriage to meet us at
the abbey at four P.M. to drive to Twining, etc., but kept it waiting at
the abbey until half past seven, as we were greatly interested in exam-
ining registers, which we would not be permitted to see on the follow-
ing day (Good Friday) .
After leaving the abbey church at 7.30, had only time to drive to
old Phelps house, of which only the rear and one side wall appear old.
It was the nicest house we saw in the place. ^
Found several Phelps tombstones in church floor under north wall
near choir, but the oldest we saw was 1798. There may be others
under the large stove or under the seats, where a wooden floor has
been placed over the stone floor. We could not find any Phelps tombs
among those under vicarage wall. One of the guides to the church
said he thought he had seen some there. We spent most of our time
examining the registers in vestry room.
The oldest original parchment register is one in folio and contains
records from 1607 to 1629. It is difficult to read, mouldy and worm-
eaten.
Then there is an old parchment book of same size which states on
first page that it is a copy of the original register and made by a
churchwarden. This includes baptisms, 1 559-1 598, and marriages,
1 559-1 574. Then there is a paper book, old, dirty and somewhat
torn, the pages not half the size of the parchment books. This paper
book appears to be, and the clerk thinks it is, a copy of the original
register. It contains marriages and burials, 1595-1629, and baptisms,
1595-1610, but a note on the margin calls attention to the fact that all
entries of baptisms appear to be missing for the month of January,
1606.
In the parchment copy, baptisms November, 1581, to August, 1583,
are missing. Some pages appear to have been cut out.
^ Turner's house is opposite the church.
STOKES RECORDS
It is to be remembered that all the years above mentioned began on
the 25th of March.
It will be noticed that both the parchment copy and the paper copy
include the baptisms from 1595 to 1598, but a comparison shows that
they do not always agree. The paper copy also has alterations appar-
ently made in an ink much darker than the body of the writing.
We found the following baptisms inthe parchment copy. The writ-
ing is difficult to read. Helen and I and the clerk all agree that the
third name on the list is Giles and not George. George was an un-
common name at the time. According to The Phelps Family of
America, "in court and other records, George and Giles are the
same."
"William,! son of James Phelpes, bap. 4 Aug., 1560
Thomas, son of James Phelpes, bap. 10 Oct., 1563
Giles, son of James Phelpes. bap. 5 Sept., 1566
Alice, dau. of James Phelpes, bap. 24 Dec, 1572
Edward, son of James Phelpes, bap. 10 May, 1578
Kenelm, son of James Phelpes, bap. 16 Oct., 1580
Robert, son of James Phelps, bap. 18 July, 1584
Marie, dau. of William Phelpes, bap. 23 April, 1588
Thomas, son of William Phelpes, bap. 24 Jan., 1590
Dorothie, dau. of William Phelpes, bap. 29 Feb., 1595"
We found the following in the paper copy:
"Dorothie, dau. of William Phelpes, bap. 29 Feb., 1595
Dorothie, dau. of William Phelpes, bap. 29 Feb., 1596
William,2 son of William Phelps, bap. 19 Aug., 1599
James, son of William Phelps, bap. 14 Feb., 1601
Elizabeth, dau. of William Phelpes
and Dorothie, his wife, bap. 9 May, 1603
William, son of Edward Phelpes, bap. 26 Dec, 1619
Alice Phelpes married John Hope, 2 June, 1595 or 1596
Thomas, son of Thomas & Ann Phelpes, bap. 5 May, 1605"
There appears to have been no family of Phelps in Tewkesbury ex-
cept the descendants of James Phelps.
Dyde, in his advertisement to his first edition, acknowledges his
1 Father of my ancestors William and George Phelps, who came to New England in
1630. See Vol. I, p. 112, and Vol. II.
= My ancestor who emigrated to New England in 1630.
VIEW FROM SHADOW BROOK
Lake Mahkeenac
VIEW FROM SHADOW BROOK
Lake Mahkeenac
DUDLEY CASTLE
obligations to those gentlemen who have furnished him with several
manuscript copies of ancient records.
Bennett's History, p. 306, says: "The oldest register of baptisms be-
longing to Tewkesbury commences 1559, which is little more than
twenty years subsequent to parish registers being first ordered to be
kept; and from that period to the present they have been tolerably
well preserved. The oldest registers of marriages and burials begin
in 1595, but the most ancient of these are extremely vague and im-
perfect."
On same page, referring to entries said to have been made in 1578
in an old churchwarden's book belonging to the parish, a note says:
"There is not at present any book in the possession of the church-
wardens containing such memoranda." And on page 309: "1607, a
great controversy took place in September, about choosing a parish
clerk."
The present clerk, Mr. William Hayward, informed us that his
predecessor had been requested to resign in 1885 and had no friends
now in Tewkesbury.
In 1607 William Phelps64Si was one of the two bailiffs. There
were two bailiffs, twelve to twenty-four principal burgesses, and
twenty-four assistants. The bailiffs presided at the court of record.
We had dinner at the Swan. Took evening train for Birmingham,
where we arrived at 10 P.M. and stopped at Queen's Hotel in station.
Good Friday, April 16. Went by 8.45 A.M. train to Dudley, and
saw the noble ruins of Dudley Castle, "one of the three finest in the
kingdom," and perhaps the finest. Went to church at eleven.
Returned to Newton House, Chester, which we had left the pre-
vious Friday morning. We had had a busy week. Soon after we
sailed for New York.
June 28th, spoke at Reform Club dinner.^
Graham was graduated this year from the Sheffield Scientific
School at Yale, and Anson entered Yale. While in college, Graham
had been a director of the Yale Cooperative Society; editor of the
1 See Vol. I, p. 112. 2 See Vol. IV, Appendix K.
Us 3
STOKES RECORDS
Yale Record; editor of the Association Record (Young Men's Chris-
tian Association) ; member of the University Club and of the Delta
Psi fraternity; deacon of class, 1889-92; secretary of class, freshman
year; treasurer, Young Men's Christian Association, 1890-91 ; vice-
president, 1891-92; member of Executive Board, 1889-92; member
of Executive Committee of Grand Street Mission, 1890-91. He was
also "appointment" man, senior year, and one of eleven chosen to read
portions of theses at graduation.
September 27th, Ward property, near Lenox, purchased. Adjoin-
ing properties also purchased.
October 2d, I left New York and went to Chicago, Denver, Salt
Lake City, and Austin, Nevada, where I arrived on the 8th. This
was my first visit there since 1863. Afterwards went to San Fran-
cisco, Monterey, Portland, Tacoma, Seattle, Victoria, Vancouver
(October 20th), Winnipeg, Minneapolis, etc. Newton and Graham
started to go around the world, and there had been some talk about
my going as far as Japan with them, but I did not like to be absent so
long from my family.* Had I gone, Helen would have gone with me.
I was greatly impressed with the beauties of the scenery in Van-
couver Sound, and arranged to purchase Pasley Island,' two hundred
and forty-seven acres, which I bought later for $4000 and had stocked
with Japanese pheasants.
November 30th. Newton writes from Kobe, Japan.
Building of Shadow Brook house commenced November of this
year, and finished November, 1894.
December 15th. There were at dinner at my house: Hon. E. J.
Phelps, Edward Atkinson, D. Willis James, William E. Dodge, J.
Kennedy Tod, Horace E. Deming, David A. Wells, Charles H.
Marshall, Alfred Pell, Parke Godwin, E. L. Godkin, Horace White,
^ Tickets had been purchased and all arrangements made, and he had said good-bye to
the children in Lenox, but when he arrived in New York and looked again at the map, he
realized as he had not done before the great distance that would separate him from me
and the children, and gave up the journey. — H. L. P. S.
2 Sold this land in 1910.
1:443
LETTER FROM PRESIDEiNT CLEVELAND
1892
12 WEST FIFTY-FIRST STREET.
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PRESIDENT CLEVELAND
E. E. Miller, Henry B. Stapler. President Grover Cleveland had
been unable to come, but wrote December 8th :
" . . . If, as you suggest, my health is drunk in my absence, I hope that it may be
coupled with the wish that strength and wisdom may be given me to meet the expec-
tation of those who have trusted me."
I proposed the President's health, adding, "I ask my distinguished
kinsman, Mr. Phelps, to respond."*
December 26th. Met at dinner at my sisters' Mrs. John C. Hen-
shaw, one of my mother's bridesmaids. Mrs. Henshaw gave me an
interesting account of my parents' wedding; also told of the falling of
grandfather's warehouse, corner of Cliff and Fulton Streets.^ At the
time of the disaster she was making a visit at grandfather Phelps's
house, 32 ClifT Street, nearly opposite the warehouse. She heard
grandfather groaning and walking the floor that night.
1893
January 12th. Wrote President Cleveland regarding Mr. Walker
Fearn, and he was appointed a member of the Extra-territorial Court
at Cairo.
January 23d. As I was going abroad, the other heirs joined with
me in authorizing brother Thomas to dispose, at his discretion, of
matters remaining in Father's estate. The chief of these was the sale
of some odd lots of timber land in Michigan.
January 25th. Sailed per Majestic for Liverpool.
February and March I was hunting, retaining rooms and stable at
Angel Inn,^ Market Harborough, as my headquarters, but making
many visits to country houses in Northamptonshire and Leicester-
shire. The exercise of hunting and the change of scene and thought
from my oflice to the English country life proved very useful to me.
' Mr. E. J. Phelps had been United States minister to the Court of St. James.
^ See Vol. I, p. 69.
^ Made famous by Whyte Melville's excellent hunting novel, Market Harborough.
US']
STOKES RECORDS
In March my wife and family came over, and we went to live at 30
Curzon Street, Mrs. John Adair's house, which we had hired for the
season.
The night I arrived there I had an attack of appendicitis, but was
ill only a short time. (I had had two previous attacks in America.)
We went for a few days in April to Berlin, where William Walter
Phelps was American minister.^
We intended to return to London for the season, but I was taken
with pneumonia, and on May 2d sat up for the first time after fifteen
days in bed. Newton and Graham were in Italy on their trip around
the world, and hearing of my illness, hastened to Berlin.
During my illness Walter Phelps and his daughter, afterwards
Baroness Von Rothenburg, were very kind, getting the doctors, etc.
We returned to London, and I went with my son Graham to Tor-
quay, where my family soon joined us. I was very weak when I ar-
rived there, but improved rapidly, and on May 29th went with
Newton to Clifton, to Bristol and to Yate to see the Stokes tombs and
make inquiry regarding the family of Stokes, formerly lords of the
manor of Stanshawes.^
June. I had my portrait painted by Thomas Graham for the Re-
form Club.
Our daughter Ethel was presented this year, and her portrait was
painted by Ellis Roberts.
In June my wife and I went to Lowestoft,^ and saw the registers in
St. Margaret's Church, in which my grandparents Thomas Stokes
and Elizabeth Ann Boulter were married. My sisters were at Lowes-
toft in August of this year, and Caroline writes in her diary:
"Delightful P.M. service in quaint Pakefield* church. Good old rector; a number of
church army singing outside; inside, 'This is my glory, this is my song, working for
Jesus all the day long,' sung with great earnestness.
^ He was son of John Jay Phelps, former partner of my father, and built the house on
the corner of Thirty-sixth Street and Madison Avenue, afterwards bought by J. Pierpont
Morgan.-H. L. P. S.
- See Vol. I, pp. 40-53.
" In Vol. I, p. 55, the year I visited Lowestoft is erroneously stated as 1892 instead
of 1893.
■* See plate at p. 19, Vol. I. Pakcfield is one mile from Lowestoft.
1:46:
ETHEL V. PHELPS STOKES
From a portrait by Ellis Roberts, London, 1893
s s
LOWESTOFT
"Walked on the cliffs, Lowestoft, and many thoughts of father's ancestry. Spent
an hour at St. Margaret's Church ; saw register of grandfather's (Thomas Stokes's)
marriage with our grandmother Elizabeth Ann Boulter, and records of christenings
of Boulter children. Drove past Arnold Street, a prominent family here at one time.
Records of the birth of Arnold children follow those of Boulter.
In July I arranged for a coaching tour with my family, sending a
coach on to Lake Windermere, where we went July 15th.
Drove through the English Lake district, and sent the coach to the
Scotch Lakes; drove about there and through Perthshire, etc., to
Balmoral.
August loth, sent the coach back to London, as we were sailing the
middle of the month, but Sarah was taken seriously ill at Melrose, so
Mama and Helen remained with her. I was obliged to return to
New York, and took the other children with me. On Sarah's recov-
ery, Mama and Helen sailed.
Went to the Homestead at Lenox.
In August Newton wrote me from Austin about serious illness of
Mr. Elliman, who died shortly thereafter.^ If he had lived to attend
to my interests there, he might have saved me from much loss. He
was a good, able and faithful man. He strongly advised undertaking
mining in Nevada, where we hoped it would greatly benefit the rail-
road in which Phelps, Stokes & Co. were largely interested. The
stoppage of the mines at Austin, Grantsville, etc., had greatly reduced
the income of that road.
Hon. William Walter Phelps stopped for some days with us at the
Homestead. One day I drove Walter Phelps and a party on coach to
the Shaker settlement^ at Lebanon, and to the old hotel at Lebanon
Springs, where we saw, in an old guest-book of 1821, the names of
General Lafayette and of my father, who was with Mr. Biddle of
Philadelphia.
^ Father then secured the services of Mr. James W. McCulloch, who has ever since
devoted himself most faithfully and unsparingly to the interests of the family, and has been
a great comfort to us all.— H. L. P. S.
' I made inquiry for the Passmores, servants of my grandfather Stokes, but did not
obtain any information about them. However, there had been a number of Shaker settle-
ments in the neighborhood.
STOKES RECORDS
October i ith. Presented my portrait to the Reform Club, with the
following remarks:^
"Mr. President and Fellow-members of the Reform Club:
"I thank you for the cordial manner in which the toast to my health has been
proposed and honored.
"I am pleasantly reminded of the early days of our club, when, as your first presi-
dent, I so often addressed )'0u.
"Some time ago I was told that a committee had been appointed to obtain my por-
trait for the club. I said I would have a portrait painted and give it. I was too busy
at that time, but last year, while in London, I arranged for sittings to Mr. Thomas
Graham.
"He proposed that his model, a vivacious and pleasant girl, should come in and talk
with me while he painted.
"When the portrait was finished, I took to see it a friend ^ in whose judgment I
have always the utmost confidence. This friend has always said that my other por-
traits did not do me justice, were not handsome enough, etc., but she said this portrait
looked too flirtatious. I was glad to be able to explain that my expression in the pic-
ture was all caused by my admiration for the fine work done by the Anti-Snappers of
the Reform Club.
"It gives me much pleasure, Mr. President, to now present this portrait to the club,
and I feel greatly honored in having it placed on the wall of the club in whose success I
feel so much pride.
"The Reform Club was organized to give efficiency and persistency to efforts for the
reform of the tariff, the civil service, the city government, etc. We agreed that tariff
reform should be our first work, but that we would at the same time have standing
committees for civil service reform and for municipal reform. All this appears in our
constitution.
"Those of us who had worked in the old Free Trade League, and in similar associa-
tions, saw the need of a permanent and well equipped club.
"Our club has done much good work. Our club-house has been the rallying-point
for reform movements in our city, state and country.
"Our work has been and must ever be largely educational. Our mission is to
keep alive and to increase in this community the flame of true political economy, which
will sometime enlighten the world ; and human ills caused by ignorance and selfishness
shall be cured by enlightenment and good-will.
"I look back with great pleasure upon the early days of this club, my association
here with so many distinguished reformers, our enthusiastic dinners, the opening of our
first club-house, when Lowell gave us his grand address upon 'The Independent in
Politics.'
"But it is in the future of the club that I feel the greatest interest.
"I know that on occasions such as this one indulges usually in reminiscences, but if
j'ou will kindly permit me, I will spend the few more minutes that I feel I may be in-
dulged with to-night in speaking of the future of the Reform Club, and its opportunities
for usefulness.
"I believe that from now to the close of the next Presidential election will be a
See pp. 28' and 46. " My wife.
US]
H i
O .2
No. 229 MADISON AVENUE
Dining-room
No. 229 MADISON AVENUE
Library
REFORM CLUB
greater campaign than any we have yet had in the war between protection and tariff
reform. In McKinley, as the champion of protection, we will welcome a foeman
worthy of our steel.
"For our success in this great contest two things are absolutely necessary.
"First, that the issue be frankly and clearly defined by a tariff reform bill debated
in the Congress which has been elected for this very business, and which will com-
mence its first regular session in a few days.
"Second, that we have a good candidate distinctly pledged.
"We must be able to show the people that the Sherman bill was only a part, and
but a small part, of the wasteful protective legislation under which our country suffers,
and that we cannot expect the prosperity natural to our wonderful resources and energy
until we cease wasteful efforts to make not only silver but everything else unnaturally
dear.
"In the last Presidential election the tariff plank on which we won was distinctly
for the abolition of the principle of protection. It was tariff for revenue only. Any
wavering from this will be a fatal weakness.
"We may not be able to destroy protection by one act of Congress, but every tariff
reform bill must be a distinct step, and a long step, in the direction of making trade
entirely free, except in so far as it, like everything else, and like every free man, may be
fairly taxed for revenue only.
"The need of further legislation for civil service reform has been made most pain-
fully evident by the late frank avowals of Mr. Quincy, and by the scandal of seeing
the spoils system still active throughout the country.
"Much has been done, but much still remains to be done. Reformers must go before
the people with an advanced civil service reform bill, and a candidate distinctly pledged
to it.
"I think our club would do well to arrange promptly for active cooperation in
municipal reform work with the City Club and other good clubs and organizations.
"Many citizens are able and willing to contribute largely to rescue our city and to
put its affairs on an honest business basis. Now is the time for a non-partisan municipal
reform movement, to be controlled by the best citizens, and to be kept clear from party
politics and selfish interests. Our club can greatly facilitate such a movement.
"We are living in stirring times. This club has the ability, the position, the or-
ganization, and the prestige to take the leading part in the coming fight for the great
reforms it was organized to promote."
December 26th. Costume dinner-dance at our house, at which about
one hundred and twenty were present. Newton had arranged with a
Boston photographer to take a photograph of this dinner (of course
not for publication). Newton had been at a private fancy dress ball
in Boston where this man had been employed. The next day the
photographer came and told me that while he was at luncheon a copy
had been stolen and taken to the New York Herald, which was going
to publish it. I had grippe and could not leave the house, but sent
Newton to the office of the newspaper, where he was told that it had
U93
STOKES RECORDS
already been printed. John E. Parsons, Esq., the eminent lawyer,
succeeded, however, in stopping the publication by formally notify-
ing the publishers of the paper that the publication would be against
my wishes and against my rights. A copy of this print is among my
genealogical papers.
1894
February 8th. My first letter on Joint-Metallism appeared in the
New York Times. It was reprinted in the Tribune, February 19th,
and in the World, February 24th.
March 14th. Wife and I dined at Mrs. E. L. Godkin's.
March 20th. Resigned from vestry of the Church of the Heavenly
Rest. We planned to go to St. Bartholomew's Church.
In March I was elected a member of the Society of Colonial Wars.
April 28th. Date of preface to first edition of Joint-Metallism}
September. At beginning of this month we left Birch Island and
moved into our new house, "Shadow Brook."
September 6th. I was one of a committee of seventy appointed to
organize against Tammany. Among the other members were Abram
S. Hewitt, George L. Rives, William B. Hornblower, J. Pierpont
Morgan, William E. Dodge, William Travers Jerome, and Joseph
Larocque.
During this month R. W. Peel, eldest son of the Speaker of the
House of Commons, and Martin Morris, son of Lord Morris, vis-
ited us.
October 3d. Was appointed on a committee of the Society of
Colonial Wars for Louisbourg Memorial.
October 15th. Returned from Nevada.
October 15th. Wrote to Rev. Doctor Morgan, of the Church of the
Heavenly Rest, that we were going to St. Bartholomew's Church.-
1 See p. 55.
- In 1895 Rev. William M. Grosvenor, who had been many years our rector in Lenox,
was called to succeed Rev. Arthur Brooks at the Church of the Incarnation, corner Thirt)'-
fifth Street and Madison Avenue, so we left St. Bartholomew's and took a pew there. —
H. L. P. S.
ALGIERS
November 3d. Date of preface to second edition of Joint-Metal-
lism.
December zzd. Date of preface to third edition of Joint-Metal-
lism.
We had a large house party over New Year's at Shadow Brook.
1895
January 29th. Dinner at Mr. William C. Schermerhorn's.
My brother William was married early this year to Rita H. de
Acosta.
February 12th. Resigned from executive committee of Ansonia
Brass and Copper Company because I wanted to attend fewer busi-
ness meetings. Asked to have brother Thomas succeed me, which he
did.
February 12th. Mrs. William C. Schermerhorn's musicale.
February 14th. Resigned from chairmanship of Finance Commit-
tee of Civil Service Reform Association.
I had influenza pretty badly, was advised to take a sea voyage, and
sailed on February i6th, with Helen, in the Normania, for the Medi-
terranean. My wife could not leave the children. Comtesse Eliza-
beth Phelps Resse,^ daughter of my mother's first cousin, Thomas
Woodbridge Phelps, was returning to Italy on this steamer. Cor-
nelius Vanderbilt and family were also going, and he wrote asking
Helen and me to sit at his table. He was detained by business matters,
but directed that his table be turned over to me. We had a pleasant
party on board. Landed first at Gibraltar and then went to Algiers,
where we met a lot of people, and were invited to several country
houses and to the club, etc. The weather proved unusually cold that
winter in Algiers, and we did not remain there long, as I had a rather
bad cough.
^ February 14th. In writing to my wife, the Comtesse Resse says that she has been
asked to write a sketch of her mother and of some of her works; that she is thinking of
doing so; and that she is anxious to have exact particulars regarding Phelps genealogy.
I mention this, thinking that if she publishes such a sketch, it may contain some particulars
interesting to my family. Her mother, Mrs. Thomas Woodbridge Phelps, was the founder
of Sorosis.
STOKES RECORDS
March 4th. Date of advertisement of fourth edition of Joint-
Metallism.
March 7th. Appointed by Chamber of Commerce on special com-
mittee on sound financial legislation. I declined to serve.^
Left Algiers March 7th, and arrived on the 8th at Biskra. There I
was much benefited by the climate.
From Biskra went to Constantine, arriving there March 13th, and
Tunis 15th. Visited ruins of Carthage. Went to Malta, arriving
19th, and at Syracuse 21st. After visiting Girgenti, we joined my sis-
ters at Palermo, and sailed thence with them, April ist or 2d, for
Naples. Went with them to Sorrento, Amalfi, etc.
In crossing Sicily from Syracuse to Palermo, an earthquake, which
we did not feel, had displaced the rails so that the train could not pro-
ceed. This was at night. We had to walk something over a quarter
of a mile to another train that was waiting for us. A lot of weird-
looking Sicilians came to light us with torches and to carry our lug-
gage. They looked like brigands, but were mild-mannered and
appeared well satisfied to get small fees for their services.
Left Naples April 4th for Rome. Helen and I went to Paris, and
thence to Sarah's place, Stock Park, on Lake Windermere, April
1 8th. Baron Halkett was then the Liberal candidate for Parliament
from this district.
Sailed for New York about May nth, and went to Lenox. Helen
remained at Stock Park.
June loth. Lady Braye wrote asking my wife and me and one of
our daughters to come over and spend any month of the next hunting
season at Stanford Hall.
Went from Lenox to Bar Harbor, where we occupied the Dutch
Cottage near Malvern Hotel.
Went to Murray Bay, Canada, to attend wedding of Newton to
Edith Minturn, August 21st. She was the second daughter of my old
friend Robert B. Minturn^ and his wife, Susanna Shaw of Boston. I
knew her four grandparents.
1 See Vol. IV, Appendix K.
2 The Minturns lived for many years on Staten Island, not far from us. — H. L. P. S.
1:523
TEXAS AND CALIFORNIA
Returned to Shadow Brook, where Andrew D. White, F. B. San-
born and F. J. Kingsbury visited us.
Sarah and Hugh came to visit us.
October 31st. Ethel was married to John Sherman Hoyt,' son of
Alfred M. and Rosina Reese Hoyt, and grandnephew of Hon. John
Sherman, Secretary of State, and of General Sherman.
Had a house party at Shadow Brook over New Year's.
1896
January 5th. William E. D. Stokes,- Jr., was born.
February ist. Attended the funeral of Katherine Van Rensselaer,
my second cousin, a very great favorite of ours, who had been spend-
ing the New Year's holidays^ with us at Shadow Brook. She was a
lovely and beautiful girl, and was greatly mourned by a large circle
of friends.
March 2d. Left New York in private car Newport with family,
including Ethel and John, who had been stopping with us this winter.
Visited Asheville, Biltmore, Atlanta, and on February 6th arrived at
New Orleans.
March 7th. We dined at the club there with Messrs. Gaskell, Ox-
nard and Violetta.
On the 8th I dined at Mrs. Eastwick's.
Monday, the 9th, our car being attached to the train on the Sunset
Route, we started for Texas and California, visiting San Antonio and
El Paso, and arrived on the 15th at Riverside. On the i6th drove to
^ Descended from Edmond Sherman, an eminent manufacturer of Dedham, Essex, Eng-
land, where he was born in 1613. General William T. Sherman says in his Memoirs,
written in 1890: "The first recorded name is of Edmond Sherman, with his three sons,
Edmond, Samuel and John; and further it is distinctly recorded that Hon. Samuel Sherman,
Rev. John Sherman his brother, and Captain John Sherman his first cousin, arrived from
Dedham, Essex, England, in 1634. Samuel afterwards married Sarah Mitchell, who had
come in the same ship from England, and finally settled at Stratford. From Captain Sher-
man are descended Roger Sherman, signer of the Declaration of Independence, Hon.
William M. Evarts, and Mr. Hoar of Massachusetts and many others of national fame.
Our family are descended from Hon. Samuel Sherman."
- Son of W. E. D. Stokes and Rita de Acosta Stokes.
^ We were accustomed for many years to have, about New Year's, parties of young peo-
ple at our country houses.
1:533
STOKES RECORDS
Redlands. On the 17th I drove to Temascal/ and then, rejoining my
family, who were in our car, we went to Coronado.
Sunday, the 22d. We were at Los Angeles, afterwards visited
Pasadena and Mount Lowe, and then sent our car north to Monterey
and drove to Santa Barbara. I rode and my family drove from Santa
Barbara over the mountains. At Monterey we found Messrs. Depew
and Vanderbilt, who were also traveling in a private car.
We went thence to San Francisco, and John Hoyt and I went to
Austin, and returned to San Francisco by way of lone, Sodaville and
Reno, and thence went with the family to the Yosemite, and in private
car to Colorado Springs, where I left the family and car and came on
to New York, arriving May 3d.
This spring, Newton and his wife were living at 30 Rue St. Domi-
nique, Paris. He was continuing study in architecture, which he had
commenced in Paris two years before. John and Ethel had a place at
Milton Point, Rye.
June 23d. My son Anson was graduated at Yale with very high
honors. I sat on the platform at commencement exercises. In the
autumn he started with Mr. Frederick Stockwell to go around the
world. November ist they were in Japan.
In his freshman year Anson was elected to the Board of Editors of
the Yale News and was chosen one of the three class deacons.
In sophomore year he was a member of the He Boule Society, and
also of the Sophomore German Committee.
In junior year he was a member of the D K E Fraternity, won the
Junior Exhibition Prize for speaking, and was elected floor manager
of the Junior Promenade Committee and chairman of the Board of
Editors of the Yale News.
In senior year he was a member of the Skull and Bones Society, and
won the Thacher prize for contemporaneous debate. He was a mem-
ber of the first team to beat Harvard in the intercollegiate debating
^ I was interested in revisiting this place. (See Vol. I, p. 174.) The company that had
bought the tin mines had erected expensive machinery and a good office and mess building,
but no vi'ork was being done.
liO
ANSON PHELPS STOKES, JR.
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ANSON PHELPS STOKES, JR.
contest, and won the De Forest gold medal, the highest prize for Eng-
lish composition and debate.
He was a member of the Scholarship Society of Phi Beta Kappa.
He has since been secretary of Yale University, assistant at St.
Paul's Church, New Haven, and on the following Boards of Trustees
and Directors:
Mount Hermon Boys' School, Mount Hermon, Massachusetts.
Wellesley College.
New Haven Young Men's Christian Association.
Lowell House (New Haven Settlement).
New Haven Organized Charities.
General Hospital Society of Connecticut.
Yale Athletic Committee.
Yale Foreign Missionary Society.
General Education Board.
American Academy at Rome.
Secretary of the Phelps-Stokes Fund.^
In August Lord and Lady Braye and Doctor Kenneth Stuart
stopped a couple of weeks with us at Shadow Brook, and early in Sep-
tember D. A. Wells, Charles Francis Adams, F. J. Kingsbury and
Samuel Bowles spent some days with us there.
September i6th. Our first grandchild, John Sherman Hoyt, Jr.,
was born at Milton Point, Rye, New York.
October 20th. I was elected a vice-president of the Governor
Thomas Dudley Family Association.
November. Date of introductory note of the fifth edition of Joint-
Metallism. This edition was issued after I went abroad, as had been
the case with the fourth edition.
EXTRACTS FROM
LETTERS RECEIVED BY THE AUTHOR OF
"JOINT-METALLISM"
Hon. David A. Wells, LL.D., D.C.L., etc. — Your plan is certainly novel and ingenious.
Hon. John E. Russell, Member of Congress from Massachusetts.— The importance of
the question you so ably discuss cannot be overestimated.
The Right Hon. Lord Plavfair.— It is certainly a much more honest system of bimetal-
lism than the schemes already propounded.
Founded by the will of my sister Caroline Phelps Stokes. (See p. 139.)
STOKES RECORDS
Prof. W. Smart, LL.D., Glasgow. — It is a most suggestive contribution to a subject which
is now creating as much interest in Great Britain as it does in its parent country.
W. T. Harris, United States Commissioner of Education.— In my humble opinion the best
book on this subject — a subject of vital importance to the prosperity of the people of this
country.
Right Rev. H. C. Potter, LL.D., etc.— Much impressed by your argument.
Rev. David H. Greer, D.D.— I think your statement of the question most admirable and
convincing.
Hon. Carroll D. Wright, United States Commissioner of Labor.— Your theory attracts
me very much. It seems to me that there is within it the solution of the difficulty.
Prof. Francis Wayland, LL.D., Dean of Yale Law School.— If it has not brought com-
plete conviction to my mind, it has certainly shaken some of my pet beliefs.
JOINT-METALLISM.
a plan by which gold and silver together, at ratios always based on their relative
MARKET values, MAY BE MADE THE METALLIC BASIS OF A SOUND, HONEST, SELF-
REGULATINC, and PERMANENT CURRENCY, WITHOUT FREQUENT RECOIN-
INGS, AND WITHOUT DANGER OF ONE METAL DRIVING OUT THE OTHER
BY ANSON PHELPS STOKES
Fifth Edition, comprising: Part I— Joint-Metallism— Appendix. Part II— Joint-Metal-
lism vs. Bimetallism and Monometallism. Part III — History of the Science of Money and
Coinage. Part IV — The Apotheosis of Credit — Objections Answered and Honest Legisla-
tion Demanded. Part V— Free-Coinage Debate; Letters; After the Election, What?
G. P. Putnam's Sons
NEW YORK LONDON
27 west twenty-third street 24 BEDFORD STREET, STRAND
The Knickerbocker Press, 1896
CONTENTS
Introductory Note to Fifth Edition. Advertisement of Fourth Edition. Preface to Third
Edition. Preface to Second Edition. Preface to First Edition.
Part I. First Letter on Joint-Metallism.
To Make Times Prosperous — The Plan — The Economic Ratio.
From the Evening Post.
The New Silver Movement — Silver Lunatics.
Second Letter on Joint-Metallism.
Criticisms — When the Ratio Becomes Settled — To Promote Clear Thinking
^How to Remonetize Silver— The Constitutional Standard — "A Vein for
Silver and a Place for Gold."
From the Evening Post.
Mr. Stokes's Basal Proposition — The Boston Brethren — Ammunition of the
Most Deadly Kind.
Third Letter on Joint-Metallism.
The Plan does Not Affect Present Debts — The Parliamentary Commission —
The Only Final Basis of All Sound Currency.
From the Evening Post.
"The Goddess Argentum" — The Historical and Just Position.
n563
IH
JOINT-METALLISM
Fourth Letter on Joint-Metallism.
A Goddess with so Unfeminine a Name — What Lincoln Said about the Com-
mon People — Is the Production of Gold Increasing?
From the Evening Post.
Popular Delusions — Aggravating Popular Errors.
Fifth Letter on Joint-Metallism.
The Danger does Not Come from Discussion— The Highland Minister-
Some Dangers of the Present Situation — The Last Legal-Tender Opinion —
The Difficulty of Maintaining the Treasury Reserve — Potatoes and Point.
Appendix.
Part II. Joint-]\Ietallism versus Bimetallism and Monometallism.
These Terms Defined — How Joint-Metallism would Work and Result —
Unscientific Bimetallism with Empirical Ratio — Why Wheat, Cotton, and
Wages Decline with Silver — David A. Wells and Edward Atkinson Answered
— The Impending Crisis — A Commission of Judges and Experts Necessary —
Joint-Metallism a Merit System.
Part III. History of the Science of Money: a Study of Great Philosophical Works on
Money and Coinage.
Nicole Oresme, the Fourteenth-Century Political Economist, Author of
Traictie de la Premiere Invention des Monnoies — Nicholas Copernicus, the
Astronomer and Reformer of Coinage, Author of Monete Cudende Ratio —
Wolowski's Admirable Annotated Edition of These Great Treatises. Paris,
1864— Views of Bacon, Locke, Newton, etc., etc.— Macleod's Bimetalism.
London, 1894— The Difficulty with Bimetallism in 1873.
Quotations from Oresme and Copernicus Showing Their Wonderful Grasp of
Monetary Principles.
That They Saw that Gold and Silver Coins Should Always Bear Substan-
tially the Same Ratio to Each Other as Their Bullion Values^That They
Tried to Accomplish This by Recoinages when Market Values Changed.
Conclusion.
That This Ratio can be Maintained Conveniently by Having a Standard
Silver Coin of the Same Weight as a Standard Gold Coin, and Simply Chang-
ing, when Necessary, the Number of These Silver Coins to be the Just and
Legal Equivalent of the Gold Coin— That Thus Silver can be Used Equally
with Gold.
Part IV. The Apotheosis of Credit.
Objections Answered and Honest Legislation Demanded.
Part V. Saratoga Debate.
Letters to Springfield Republican.
After the Election, What?
Index.
We went abroad early in November. I went to hunt in England,
and Mama, Carrie and Mildred, and Harold and his tutor, Mr.
Horace Hooker,^ went to Paris, where Mama had secured a fine
apartment at 50 Avenue du Bois de Boulogne. She and the others
remained only one day in London, and went right to Paris. Helen
had already gone with Newton from New York to Paris to join some
art classes. Carrie was sent to Madame la Marquise de San Carlos's
boarding school at Dieudonne, near Paris. Mildred went to a day
^ Brother of Ransom Spafard Hooker who married Mildred in 1907.
STOKES RECORDS
school in Paris. Miss Young was governess. Graham was studying
medicine at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York.^
The next day I went to Lord Braye's, Stanford Park, where I
stopped tvvo weeks. He had a magnificent place, a great house and
deer park on the borders of Leicestershire and of the Pytchley country
in Northamptonshire. His estate, Stanford Park, extends over seven
miles on each side of the Avon.
1 had a most enjoyable three months' hunting and visiting in a num-
ber of most interesting houses in Northamptonshire and Leicester-
shire.
From Lord Braye's went to Lady Margaret Loder's, Lady de Traf-
ford's, Mrs. Arthur James's,^ Mrs. Entwistle's, Lord Downe's (senior
steward of the Jockey Club), Henry Mills, Jr.'s, Rev. Henry
Rokeby's, Mrs. Jamison's and others. Part of these visits were made
in December, 1896, and part in January, 1897.
During this winter I had my portrait painted by Herman Her-
komer.^
In December I visited Captain W. Geoffrey Probert^ at Bevill's
Bures, Suffolk. I remember also dining at Market Harborough with
the Dowager Duchess of Montrose, sometimes called the "Sporting
Duchess." She ran horses in the most important races under the name
of "Mr. Manton," and was an interesting character. She gave me a
general invitation for dinner, "whenever you have nothing better
to do."
On December 24th went to Paris to spend Christmas week with
my family.
We dined in Paris with Newton and Edith, in their apartment, 30
Rue St. Dominique.'
'■ For Graham's societies, charities, etc., see p. 122.
- The very pleasant party at Coton House included Lord Onslow, Mr. Craven (Lord
Craven's brother). Lady Margaret Willoughby d'Eresby, Mrs. Mount, Captain Spender
Clay, Mr. Montgomerie and the Misses Montgomerie.
2 It is the full-length portrait in the upper hall at Brick House. Sarah has a copy not
full length.
* His grandfather owned Earl's Colne, and his son, Inyr Roger Hilton Carwardine
Probert, born 1897, and named after his ancestor Roger Harlakenden, is my godson. (See
Vol. I, p. 105.)
^ In 1897 Newton returned to New York and formed a partnership with John Mead
Howells, son of William Dean Howells, under the firm name of Howells & Stokes.
HUNTING
On January 4th I left Paris for London. Made a number of visits
at country houses in Northamptonshire for the hunting. Remember
particularly, when stopping with Lord Downe, that one day we
hunted almost the whole day on his lordship's property. Leaving
Dingley Hall in the morning of the meet, reminded one of feudal
times. His lordship and I, his two sons and three daughters, each had
two hunters, and with the servants made quite a cavalcade. In the
evenings we had excellent music. Lady Downe being esteemed by
many the first amateur pianist in England, and all the family sing-
ing and most of them playing some instrument. No matter how late
they were up at night, they had prayers promptly at eight o'clock in
the morning, his lordship reading and one of his daughters playing at
the organ in the little chapel connected by cloisters with the house.
One day while hunting in Cottesbrook Park, in the center of the
Pytchley country, my horse struck the top of a gate, and I had a slight
concussion. Although I was able to remount immediately and talk
about hunting matters, etc., for nearly two hours I could not recall
where I had to go that night. Mrs. Casenove wanted me to stop at
Cottesbrook Lodge, but I had to tell her I was engaged elsewhere,
and I was about to mention the name of the place when I found I had
forgotten where it was. I afterwards remembered that it was at Mrs.
Entwistle's, niece of Lady Lisgar.
Later I stopped for some time at, and hunted from, Cottesbrook
Hall,^ where Mr. R. Loder and Lady Margaret Loder were then liv-
ing because of the burning of Maidwell, where I had spent some days
with Mr. Loder before his marriage. He rebuilt Maidwell and I
visited them there again some years later.
The hunting spirit is very strong in this neighborhood, and I sup-
pose fox-hunting will endure there longer than perhaps anywhere
else. There are more fine country places in Northamptonshire than
in any other county, and the house parties are largely dependent upon
^ The Empress of Austria had had Cottesbrook for the hunting some years before this.
1:59]
STOKES RECORDS
hunting, shooting being made very subordinate, and the shoots being
on days when there is too much frost to hunt, or when the hounds are
not meeting in the neighborhood.
The rector of the church at Cottesbrook keeps the English hound
stud-book with the assistance of his vicar. I have often met him and
his wife and daughter hunting. Over the altar there is a large picture
of foxhounds supposed to be relieving the troubles of Lazarus.
I went to this church both when I was stopping at Cottesbrook
Lodge and when I was with the Loders at Cottesbrook Hall. I sat in
the Hall pew, which had an open fire and occupies the whole of the
south transept, except that under it there is a servants' pew, and there
are some monuments. The pulpit and the reading-desk and the rec-
tor's pew occupy all the north transept. The whole width of the
church, for a space of, I think, about thirty-five feet square, in front
of the chancel, is occupied by a family tomb. A large nave contained
many empty pews and not more than about a dozen worshipers.
Rev. Mr. Rokeby of Arthingworth, from whose house I have
hunted several times, also hunts, as do his sons and daughter. He is a
charming companion. He farms himself large tracts of land in
Northamptonshire and in Suffolk, and has also a number of tenant
farmers. I heard that his bishop once objected to his wearing a white
hat at the Ascot races, but that he persisted, and as his family had been
settled in England since the time of the Conquest, it was thought he
was as good a judge in such matters as the bishop.
I had a number of pleasant conversations with Lord Spencer, and
one day he took me home to Althorp to see Lady Spencer, whom I
had not met since the night of the ball there, some years before. Lady
Annesley was with her.
I remember some pleasant days hunting from Thornton Hall,
where I stopped with Mr. Fitzhugh Whitehouse; also hunting from
Messrs. Holland's, Muir's and Mills's.
In London I attended a luncheon at 26 Grosvenor Place, to which
Lord Morris had invited a number of men to meet me, including the
principal owner of the London Times.
1:60:3
LEO XIII
Took luncheon at the Speaker's house on the day when Speaker
Peel moved from his official residence, which adjoined the House of
Commons. I had seen in the newspapers that he had been raised to
the peerage, but that his title had not been decided upon. So I asked
the butler at the door what his lordship's title was, and he said, "I
don't know, sir, but think it will be Lord Peel."
Mrs. Peel was dead, but Miss Peel occupied the head of the table,
and I sat between her and her aunt, Mrs. Dugdale. Miss Peel showed
me in the ball-room the interesting collection of portraits of Speakers,
and Mrs. Dugdale asked me to come that night to a party at her house
in Queen Anne's Gate,^ to which I went.
In the spring went with my family to Cannes^ and southern Italy.
While in Rome went with my daughters Helen and Ethel to the
celebration of the coronation of the Pope. His appearance was very
striking. We had an excellent opportunity of seeing him as we sat in
a window nearly opposite the door of the Sistine Chapel, whence he
was brought seated on the sedia gestatoria, which was carried on the
shoulders of the guardia nobile, followed by his chamberlains in their
velvet suits and white ruffs. He came within twenty feet of us, while
the light from the window fell full upon his face, which looked like
wax and very benevolent. The cries, "Viva il Papa-Re!" were enthu-
siastic and impressive, and almost carried one away.
We met and talked with several of the cardinals, including some of
the most prominent, who were spoken of as probable candidates for
the next papal election.
I had my bust made by Waldo Story.
^ In 1894 Mrs. Dugdale's son had visited us at Shadow Brook, after his return from a
trip to California. He told us he had promised his mother to bring her home an American
present, and when on the plains had found at a station a number of Indians selling curi-
osities. Seeing nothing that he fancied, he said, "Have n't you any scalps?" They had
none. But an old Indian said to him, "Ugh, you come back here again?" He answered,
"Yes, I will be here in two weeks from to-day." The Indian said, "Have scalp all right."
Upon his return he found the Indian on hand with a scalp, which he bought and paid for.
But on examining it and considering it further, he was troubled with the thought that the
scalp appeared remarkably fresh.
^ Sarah joined us at Cannes and went with us to Rome for a visit, returning from there
to England.— H. L. P. S.
n6o
STOKES RECORDS
Cecil Rhodes had a table next to ours at the Grand Hotel, and was
having his bust made by Story.
I did a little hunting, and attended the annual dinner of the Hunt
Club (Caccia della Lupe) . I think I was the only American guest.
Gabriele d'Annunzio was there and made a speech which sounded
like blank verse. I understood but part of it. He referred humor-
ously to his exploits in the hunting-field, where I had repeatedly seen
him tumble off his horse. One time I thought he purposely took an
unnecessary roll to get his clothes muddy.
One day, when I came in pretty well, having jumped a wall that
almost all others avoided. Prince Rocco Giovanni, the master, com-
plimented me on my riding and said, "For this day your name shall
be entered upon the books of the club."
We had invitations to a few parties, and saw Comte and Comtesse
Resse, and Minister (afterwards Secretary) MacVeagh and the Syn-
dic of Rome. Prince Ruspoli placed his opera box at our disposal, and
we went to a ball at his house. I went to the races, where it was
noticeable that many of the riders fell in the great event, which was a
prize given by the king for horses that had been regularly hunted in
the Roman hunt and were ridden by army officers. The king seemed
disgusted and left the course.
We had intended to remain eight weeks in Rome, but as Mama had
malaria, we left after about five weeks, and went to Naples, Sorrento,
Amalfi, etc.
My sisters arrived in Rome before we left.
We were at Venice 17th April. On that day I appointed my son
Newton trustee of the estate of my father-in-law, Isaac N. Phelps, to
succeed Mr. William P. St. John.
Returned to London in May, in time for my daughter Caroline's
presentation. Her mother and elder sisters had all been presented
before.
Early in May I returned to New York and went to Lenox, where
my first grandchild, John Sherman Hoyt, Jr. (born i6th September,
1896), had pneumonia. I saw the poor little boy before he died. I
1:62]
MONO PASS
was greatly impressed with the Christian fortitude with which my
daughter an'd son-in-law bore the loss of their only child.
My wife and family returned to New York at the end of May, and
we went to Lenox.
June 1 6th. I left New York in private car Idler, with Graham,
John Henry Hammond, Allan A. Robbins and A. C. Washington.
June 2 1 St. Arrived at Austin. After spending some time there,
Mr. Washington left, and Graham, Hammond and Robbins, and Mr.
Farnsworth and I started from Austin, July 5th, for lone and the
Yosemite Valley. Spent the first night sleeping beside a hay-stack
near Reese River. The next day we visited lone, and then went with
Mr. Farnsworth to Grantsville, where we spent the night, and then to
Cloverdale, Sodaville, Sawmill, and by Mono Pass to Yosemite,
where we arrived on the 12th. Thence to San Francisco on the 14th,
and arrived in New York July 19th.
We spent the summer and autumn at Birch Island and at Shadow
Brook. After I left Birch Island the St. Regis Yacht Club was or-
ganized, and I was elected commodore. As all the principal camp-
owners were members of the club, all matters affecting the common
interests and welfare of the campers have been discussed at these meet-
ings. These discussions led to the establishment of the Upper St.
Regis post-office, to regulations preventing the pollution of the lake
by sewage, dish-water, laundry water, etc.
August 2d. Wrote letter from Adirondacks to New York Tribune
about Mono Pass :
"BY MONO PASS INTO THE YOSEMITE
"the most enjoyable and interesting route— some of its features of
scenery and expense
"To the Editor of The Tribune:
"Sir — I have visited the Yosemite three times— in July, 1868, from Merced; in
June, 1896, from Raymond, and in July, 1897, by the Mono Pass. The latter is by
far the most enjoyable and interesting route, being over high table lands, amid grand
scenery and snovv^-topped mountains all the way, avoiding the dust, heat and other dis-
comforts of the seventy-one miles' drive from Raymond through a country mostly un-
interesting.
"From Hawthorne, on the Carson and Colorado Railway, to Bodie is a stage drive
[:63]
STOKES RECORDS
of about twenty miles. Thence the railway runs near snow mountains to within ten
miles of the foot of Mono Pass. From the foot of the pass it is forty miles, partly by
road and partly by bridle-path, to the hotel in the Yosemite Valley.
"If a road was constructed on four miles of the bridle-path, a wagon could be driven
all the way into the valley, by following the Tioga Road from near the top of the pass.
I am told that an appropriation of $25,000 for this Mono Pass road was vetoed by the
Governor of California.
"It is greatly to be desired that a good road be built here. The drive from the Bodie
Railroad to the Yosemite will then become known to thousands as one of the most
charming excursions in the world. The road passes close by Mono Lake, an object of
surpassing interest, a quaternary lake by the side of an obsidian cliff of a volcanic moun-
tain having three distinct craters in full view from the road.
"One can never forget the scenery about this strange round lake, twelve miles in
diameter, with great rapid trout streams running into it, and no visible outlet, the
volcanic island with its hot spring, the glistening cliff of black glass, the mountain
opened on one side so as to show the craters, the lava hills to the westward, the green
valley toward the Mono Pass, the great line of snow mountains rising steep on the west
and south. Many would now go over this pass if they knew about the route, and how
to arrange for horses, etc. The Sierra Club, of San Francisco, publishes a useful map.
"Leaving the Tioga road above the valley, the bridle-path leads in about five miles
to Eagle Rock, at the top of the Yosemite fall. There is where the hotel ought to be,
to look up and down over the mountains and the Yosemite Valley, and to avoid the
heat and dust of the valley. The views from Eagle Rock are vastly grander than any
from the valley. The paths through the fine woods on these heights are very pleasing.
Brooks and wild flowers abound.
"It is remarkable how few visit this scenery, which would make the fortune of
almost any other civilized country. We rode and drove two hundred and ninety-five
miles, from Austin, Nevada, to the Yosemite, and all agreed it was one of the most
charming excursions we had ever enjoyed. The distance would have been about two
hundred and fifty miles if we had not gone out of the way to see places off from the
road.
"There were five in our party. We had a victoria and a wagon, two drivers, eight
horses and five saddles. We hired horses from Mr. Collins, keeper of one of the livery
stables at Austin. Good horses, able to go over fifty miles a day for five consecutive
days, are to be had at Austin. The livery stables there charge fifty cents a day for
saddle horses when fed by hirer. (The charge for a saddle horse in the Yosemite Val-
ley, according to the printed tariff there, is $2.50 a day.) I suppose horses and carriages
can be hired reasonably at Bodie and at Hawthorne.
"From Battle Mountain Station, on the Central Pacific Railroad, a narrow-gauge
railway runs, in five hours, up the Reese River to Austin. The wildly beautiful Birch
Creek Canyon is ten miles south of Austin, and Kingston Mountain, 12,000 feet high,
is just south of this canyon. From Battle Mountain to the Yosemite Valley is less than
three hundred and fifty miles by this route. By the Raymond route it is about twice
as far.
"The scenery south and west from Austin is very fine. One can stop at ranches, but
in that glorious climate (far superior to Colorado, because drier and less windy) sleep-
ing on the ground, under the stars, is delightful, and food cooked at the camp-fire
delicious. There was not more than one inch of snow at Austin last winter, although
the elevation is 6500 feet.
"Game birds are abundant. Sage-chickens may be shot from July i, and are as
n643
WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN
good as young partridges. Trout abound in the Reese River, in the lakes on Mono
Pass, and in many mountain streams on our route. We saw bands of wild horses.
These are very numerous in Nevada. There is never enough snow to prevent their
getting abundance of food, and they multiply so that they are now considered a
nuisance. Many of them appear much better than the Indian horses found in other
parts of the country.
"Indians on our route appeared very friendly, and are quite harmless. The sullen
air which I noticed thirty-four years ago has passed away. They now imitate the
whites. The only man I saw in a white 'b'iled shirt' and black clothes was an Indian.
I supposed he must be a stray clergyman until I rode up near to him. Many Indian
men now do some work on ranches, but are said to be generally unreliable workmen, as
they are apt to leave suddenly to attend some fandango, not returning perhaps for
weeks. Many Indian women earn money by washing and cooking for whites. They
still paint their faces blue, yellow, red, etc., but wear clean calico frocks and showy
shawls, and are picturesque, going about with water-jars on their heads and papooses on
their backs.
"We left the carriage and the wagon at the foot of Mono Pass and sent the horses
back from the Yosemite, as we had ordered our car around to Raymond to meet us
there.
"I think the Sierra Club could do nothing more likely to make the great National
Park accessible and enjoyable than to get an inn established near Eagle Rock and a good
road thence to the foot of Mono Pass. The Tioga road, on which much money has
already been expended, could be utilized for most of the way. The only engineering
work required would be on about four miles of the Mono Pass.
"A. P. S.
"Paul Smith's, N. Y., August 2, 1897."
Ethel's second child was born 24th September, and named Anson
Phelps Stokes Hoyt.
Mr. McCulloch and I arrived in Austin from New York, Oc-
tober 2d.
October 4th. Went with Graham to lone.
October 13th. Graham and Mr. McCulloch left for New York.
Same day I went with Mr. Mitchell to lone, driving over the low
pass, opposite Austin, into lone Valley. We came very near having
to spend the night in the open on the road, as we lost our way, but we
arrived safely at ten o'clock at night. The next morning there were
some inches of snow on the ground.
October 14th. Mr. Farnsworth and I drove to Sodaville.
I started for home via Reno, going north from Hawthorne to Car-
son with the governor of the State and some of the officials of the
Carson and Colorado Railroad in their private car.
On my way home through Kansas met Mr. William Jennings
C65]
STOKES RECORDS
Bryan, and had a long and very interesting conversation with him on
the subject of bimetallism. He said he had read my book Joint-
Metallism. He told me that he had been unwilling to vote, when in
Congress, for any other ratio than i6 to i, because it was impossible
for any other ratio to be agreed upon, reminding me that amendments
were offered fixing the ratio at 20 and 22 to i, but could not be passed.
He said he believed that if the mint were opened to silver at 16 to i,
the market price of silver would so advance as to make that the com-
mercial rate; if not, then the ratio could be changed; that it was nec-
essary, in electing congressmen, to have them distinctly bound to the
16 to I ratio which Congress had fixed; otherwise, if they were only
committed to a general support of bimetallism, they could not be
relied upon to do anything effective. I urged that to have the mints
open to silver was more important than to have them open at a par-
ticular ratio, and that the Constitution provided that Congress shall
have the power to fix the standard of weights and measures, and to
regulate the ratio. ^
His manner and earnestness impressed me very favorably. When
he had to go out on the car platform to speak to the people at a station
he said, "Now you sit right there, Mr. Stokes. I want to talk to you
some more."
March 2d of this year was the last of the Patriarchs' balls. I had
been one of the Patriarchs under Mr. Ward McAllister's manage-
ment, and had continued under Mr. Buchanan Winthrop's leader-
ship. At these balls for many years the principal presentations of
young ladies were made. There were numerous criticisms made in
the press regarding Mr. McAllister, and he sometimes expressed him-
self incautiously, but he really serv^ed a useful purpose. He issued all
the invitations to these balls, other Patriarchs sending him names and
giving him absolute veto power. In many cases, when invitations
were not received, he took all the blame. It is difficult to know how
such a series of balls could have been carried on successfully in New
^ Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution gives Congress power "to coin money, regulate
the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures."
1:66]
PAPER MONEY TRUST
York at that time on any other basis. There were not many private
ball-rooms then in New York.
December 20th. Resigned from Bishop Williams's' advisory com-
mittee on church work in Mexico.
Anson entered the Episcopal Theological School at Cambridge,
Massachusetts, this autumn.
1898
January 8th. Date of my pamphlet on Dangers of the Proposed
National Paper Money Trtist.^
January 17th. Attended Astors' ball in their new ball-room.
January 29th. Dinner at Mr. William C. Schermerhorn's.
February 4th. Graham and Mr. Oddie^ start for Nevada.
Merchants' and Manufacturers' Board of Trade invited me to
speak at their banquet at the Waldorf-Astoria, February 22d, and to
respond to a toast on the lines of my pamphlet on the Dangers of the
Proposed National Paper Money Trust. I declined in letter, Feb-
ruary 8th, because they were organized in the interest of protection.
March ist. Went to Palm Beach, Florida, with wife and some of
our children.
March 26th. Was with one of my sons at Washington's tomb.
Mount Vernon.
Latter part of this month received reports from Austin that Mr.
Farnsworth had been acting dishonestly. In April sent for him to
come to New York. He made explanations and showed alleged
vouchers, and claimed that he had other vouchers at Salt Lake. We
accepted his explanations as probably satisfactory, but decided to
have a thorough investigation made of the Nevada mines, etc.
In April Sarah came to visit us.
^ Bishop Williams was presiding bishop of the Episcopal Church, a charming man with a
wonderful fund of anecdotes and information regarding old times in Connecticut. He
told me he was my second cousin. His grandmother Lucretia Woodbridge was cousin of
mv great-grandmother Dorothy Lamb (Woodbridge) Phelps.
2 See Vol. IV, Appendix K.
^ Mr. Tasker L. Oddie, elected governor of Nevada in 1910.
STOKES RECORDS
In May we engaged Mr. James B. Hague, the eminent mining ex-
pert, and his associate, Mr. Ellsworth Daggett, to spend the month of
June in Nevada with us.
May 24th. Started west with John Sherman Hoyt and A. C. Luck.
May 28th. Arrived at Austin.
June 6th. Messrs. Hague, Daggett, Hoyt, Luck and I went to lone
with Messrs. Farnsworth and Mitchell. Mr. Hoyt remained but a
short time. The rest of us returned to Austin about June i8th, meet-
ing Graham and Oddie on the road. They turned and went to Austin,
where I arrived ill with grippe, which was very prevalent.
June 25th. Had an interview with Farnsworth, Graham and
Hague being present. Farnsworth stated that he had received no
commission, profit or rebate of any kind on any purchases for the
Nevada Company, and said that he would show us the vouchers at any
time in Salt Lake. We agreed to leave Austin the following Monday
to go to Salt Lake for this purpose.
Monday morning, June 27th, Farnsworth stated that there had
been a breakdown at the mill, and it would not do for him to leave;
that he would follow us. We insisted that he come with us, and he
finally did so. On arrival at Salt Lake, the 28th, he said he would
show us the vouchers at 2 P.M. When we went to his office he said he
wanted to show them to us, but his counsel would not allow him to
do so.
Returned to Birch Island, where I arrived, July 4th, ill, but soon
got better. Had a great deal of sail-boat racing this summer, as in-
deed I have had for many years, with the St. Regis Yacht Club, of
which I have been commodore from the beginning. The first sail-
boat ever seen on these lakes' was a catamaran that I built in 1876, the
first year we were there.
About September ist went to Lenox.
Had a ball and many dinners at Shadow Brook.
St. Regis Lakes.
[:683
BIRCH ISLAND-THE SHADOIV
Ji^;^i::^?**- «5Wa«cJ'.;
"^^s^:
Ifi
^'
i
BIRCH ISLAXD-BOAT-RACING
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM
December 12th. Letter to Civil Service Reform Association, as
follows:
"Dear Mr. McAneny:^
"Your letter and the notice from Mr. Bonaparte have been duly received.
"I very much regret to find that my engagements here will make it impracticable
for me to go with Mr. Schurz and you to the Baltimore meeting.
"I hope after this year to have more time for civil service and other good causes.
"From what I have said at our monthly meetings here, Mr. Schurz and you know
well that I favor most aggressive action. I think we have been too patient in the hopes
of persuading those in authority to more fairly carry out the letter and spirit of the law.
"Additions to competitive lists by the inclusion of minor places are not sufficient,
while it is seen that the principles of the merit system are continually violated. We
have been too long put off by professions of good will to our cause.
"If we will now boldly demand the fulfillment of the law and of the pledges made
by both parties, we shall have the support of the honest people of both parties.
"Any official, however high, who admits that party pressure is to be considered at all
in the administration of the merit system, should be denounced.
"Our civil service laws must not be nets to catch little fishes and to let large ones
escape.
"Any officer of the government who tries to satisfy us by promises and fair words,
and to satisfy the spoilsmen by concessions to place-hunters, is an enemy, and the injury
he does our cause is measured by his eminence and adroitness.
"I am proud of the success of the Civil Service Association and League. I was
elected on the executive committee of our association with George William Curtis more
than twenty-one years ago.
"We secured, by the law of 1883, 13,000 classified places in the government service.
Now there are 83,000 in the classified list and 95,000 unclassified. That is, more than
half the government employes are still unclassified ; and it is notorious that, regarding
places in the list, the obligation of the law is often avoided or flagrantly violated.
"Now, when our country is called upon to face new and increased responsibility, and
the need of increasing the scope and efficiency of our merit system is more apparent than
ever, we are threatened with some letting down of the bars.
"If our work is not enlarged and pressed forward now, it will be in great danger of
decay.
"Scientists tell us that when a man ceases to grow he begins to die. This is true of
all organizations.
"As to the duty of the League, it is more important that we hold high the banner of
our principles than that we obtain minor enlargements of the competitive lists.
"The enforcement of civil service principles under our present laws, and under any
laws we are likely to obtain for a long time to come, must depend largely upon the
conscience of the chief executive. If he be a man who cares more for the merit system
than for party success, then we will have true civil service reform.
"If he be a man who loves the merit system in the abstract and in general, but thinks
it right to yield to party bosses when yielding seems necessary to carry an election or to
secure important legislation or to obtain a renomination, then we will have cruel dis-
appointments. "Yours sincerelv,
„^ HT A T? c . . AxsoN Phelps Stokes.
George JVIcAneny, Esq., Secretarv, etc.,
"54 William St., N. Y."
Mr. George McAneny, afterward president of the Borough of Manhattan.
1:691
STOKES RECORDS
During this year I was invited by the American Social Science
Association to read at their annual meeting a paper on the Present
Monetary Situation of this Country. I declined to prepare a paper,
but being present at their meeting in Saratoga in August, I did speak.
I was also invited to prepare a paper for the Church Congress,
which met this year at Pittsfield, but had to decline.
In December went to Salt Lake City to attend the trial of the case
of the Nevada Company against Farnsworth, which began Decem-
ber 23d.
1899
January. I continued at Salt Lake City until after January 8th, on
which day the jury disagreed and were discharged.
January 28th. Wrote the following letter to Miss Sarah Porter of
Farmington :
"Dear Miss Porter:
"I thank you for your esteemed letter, 23d inst. Its contents have my careful at-
tention, and I assure you of my interest in the arrangements regarding which you kindly
write.
"I was brought up a Puritan, and of a rather strict sect. My mother, although
tolerant and attending at times churches of other denominations, was descended from
Thomas Dudley and a long line of Woodbridges who have been Puritan ministers in
New England from its beginning.
"I have myself lived there part of almost every year since I was a child, and am
familiar with the conditions mentioned in your letter.
"I fully agree with your view that it is most desirable to avoid a multiplication of
churches in neighborhoods unable to support more than one church, and that Christian
charity should lead us to sink our preferences in such cases.
"I believe in the validity of non-Episcopal orders, and have been at the same time a
deacon in a Presbyterian church in New York and warden of an Episcopal church in
the country, but I have found the services of the Episcopal Church more helpful to
me than those where it has seemed to me that more attention was given to preaching
than to worship ; and where an Episcopal service is already established, I do not like to
ask my daughter to forego its use, provided attendance there will not in any way in-
terfere with the order and discipline of your school.
"Thanking you again for writing me, and with best regards,
"Believe me always,
"Sincerely 3'ours,
"Anson Phelps Stokes."
SHADOW BROOK
iall-room
SHADOW BROOK
Entrance Hall
SHADOW BROOK
Ball-room
SHADOW BROOK
Morning Room
PORTO RICO
February ist. Hugh Halkett, who had been for a few days in New
York, sailed for England.
In February Sarah was ill with pneumonia at 229 Madison Avenue.
February i6th. Was at Ansonia.
February 17th. Attended Choate dinner at Union League Club.
March 2d. Attended Carl Schurz seventieth birthday dinner.
March 4th. Left New York, in steamer Paris, with Mama, Sarah,
Helen, Carrie, Mildred and Harold, on a cruise in the Caribbean, etc.
March 7th. Arrived at Mole St. Nicholas, Hayti.
March 9th, San Juan, Porto Rico. Early in the morning General
Frederick D. Grant, who was then in command there, came out in a
launch to meet the ship, and drove ex-Secretary of State John Sher-
man^ and our party over the place and neighborhood, and to the fort,
where one of the great Spanish guns was fired ; then to luncheon at his
house. After luncheon there was an informal dance, a lot of officers
having come in. In the evening my daughters, Helen and Mildred,
and I dined with Mrs. Grant on the American man-of-war Panther.
Next day Secretary Sherman was ill, and it was soon found that he
had pneumonia, and arrangements were made by telegraph for a
United States war vessel to meet our steamer and take him to Wash-
ington.
We were at St. Thomas on the loth, at Barbados on Sunday the
I2th, on the 13th at Trinidad, on the 15th at Martinique, and on the
17th at Ponce, where we did not land on account of the fever at that
port.
This evening I attended a very amusing supper in honor of St.
Patrick's day, given by Hon. John P. Donohue of Putnam, New
York, a prominent Irishman. The sentiment of the evening appeared
to be:
"St. Patrick drove the snakes away,
And kept them quite remote;
But blessings iver on his sowl !
He left the antidote."
Great-uncle of my son-in-law John She
STOKES RECORDS
In speaking at supper I stated that I was not a Knight of St. Patrick,
but a member of St. George's Society, which I presumed to be very
much the same thing.
The next evening we had a remarkable mock trial of two monkeys,
John Doe and Richard Roe, impleaded with their owners for causing
the death of a green parrot belonging to Mr. Donohue. Francis
Lynde Stetson was leading counsel for the owner of the parrot, who
had bought it a few days before. Frederic R. Coudert led for the
defendants. Judge Ide, head of the international tribunal of Samoa,
was judge, and sat on a rolled-up mattress placed on a table. He de-
clared that the proceedings must conform to Samoan law. Mr.
Coudert challenged the judge because, he said, he had lived long at
Apia and was supposed to be related to the monkeys. When the judge
overruled this point, Coudert said he was reminded of a distinguished
English judge, Lord Jeiifreys. I was excused from serving on the
jury because I had read Darwin's Descent of Man.
The fierceness of the attacks of the counsel on each other was some-
thing startling, and the harshness with which they cross-examined
witnesses, except in the case of one pretty woman, to whom they were
most obsequious, was appalling. Mr. Colgate Hoyt, a witness for the
plaintiff, testified that he did not know very much about green parrots,
but was well acquainted with green things in Wall Street, and that
$20,000 in greenbacks was just about the size of this parrot. In cross-
examination he accounted for about forty-five years of his life, when
Mr. Coudert asked, "Where were you the other twenty-five years?"
Hesitating, he commenced, "Well," when Mr. Coudert savagely in-
terrupted him, forbidding him to use the word "well," saying, "Don't
you know that truth was supposed to be found in a well, and now you
come here with falsehood on your lips and perjury in your heart and
begin with your 'wells' !"
After the death and burial of the parrot had been duly proved, and
witnesses for both sides examined and cross-examined, the defense
produced the parrot alive, and were savagely reproved by the counsel
for the plaintiff as being unworthy of any confidence, since they had
violated the sanctity of the stateroom of the parrot's owner.
17^1
SANTIAGO AND MATANZAS
The jury, of which Mr. Charles Stewart Smith, ex-president of the
New York Chamber of Commerce, was foreman, returned a verdict
of $10,000 in favor of the monkeys, adding that the language which
the testimony showed the parrot had used more than justified any
attack that had been made upon the bird.
March 19th, Sunday. Arrived at Kingston, Jamaica; went to
church and then to a hotel near the sea-shore. Monday, took a drive
about sixteen miles into the interior, much of the way through banana
groves. Were not permitted to buy bananas because, we were told,
the Boston Fruit Company did not allow any to be sold. Saw many
great wagons loaded with bananas going to the Boston Company's
steamer, and saw many bananas hanging on trees.
March 20th. Left Kingston in the evening. On the 21st went to
Guantanamo and Santiago. General Wood, the commandant, put at
my disposal an ambulance wagon, and Mrs. Wood drove my wife and
daughter in her carriage, and we went to visit the battle-fields at San
Juan Hill, Caney, etc.,— General Wood's orderly, who had been in
the battle, going with us to explain the charge, etc. General Wood
also sent a government launch to take us and a party to Morro Castle
and to the wreck of the Reina Mercedes.
On the 24th a dance was given on board the Paris, attended by mili-
tary and naval officers.
March 25th. Left Santiago, went to Cienfuegos, and on the 27th
arrived at Havana.
March 28th. Mama, Carrie, Mildred and Harold left for Miami,
Florida, and home. Helen and I went by rail to Matanzas. On the
train we met General James Wilson, who was governor of Matanzas,
etc. Sarah, being not very well, remained on steamer. Met Mrs.
Wilson at the review, and after visiting the fort she drove us to the top
of the hill, where we had a view of the beautiful valleys and of her
house. Mr. Charles Stewart Smith and Mr. Francis Lynde Stetson
also went with General Wilson to Matanzas. On the way there, was
interested in passing through the country and seeing how the great
reconcentrado system had been arranged for by ditches dug around
1:733
STOKES RECORDS
the towns, a small fort being placed across the ditch on the middle of
each side. The Cuban army was not at that time disbanded, and the
soldiers appeared on duty at many stations. They looked miserably
thin, and many of them appeared nearly starved. One soldier was
standing, with his gun at his shoulder, at a station opposite our win-
dow, and Mr. Stetson, seeing how ill and poor he looked, offered him
a quarter of a dollar, which he declined, bowing politely. Mr. Stet-
son then handed him a cigar, which he accepted with thanks.
I noticed very few men in the fields compared with the number of
women and children, and was told that there had been much scarcity
of food and that many men had died, allowing their wives and chil-
dren to eat what food there was.
General Wilson said to me, "If the army is to remain 'until the
country is pacified,' I don't see but what it is pacified now." I said
that it seemed so to me; that I had heard of a few brigands in the
neighborhood of Santiago, but I thought there was more brigandage
in Ohio, where a railroad train had lately been held up. General
Wilson, who had had much experience in reconstruction in Georgia,
told me that he believed the Cubans were able to work out their own
salvation; that the people were honest, and if furnished with a little
money to enable them to plow and plant, they would repay it. I
heard his quartermaster-general reporting at Matanzas about his visit
of inspection through the Matanzas and Santa Clara districts, from
which he had just returned, and that only about one half as many
Cubans were in need of charitable relief as there had been in January.
March 29th. There was a dance for General and Mrs. Ludlow
and others on the Paris in Havana harbor.
March 30th. Left Havana. During my visit in different parts of
Cuba, I was impressed that we had good men in command there, and
that Mesdames Wood, Wilson and Ludlow were most earnest in their
interest in the poor people. I was particularly impressed with Gen-
eral Wood's idea of the proper way to make money do the most good.
He had put large gangs of men to work on the roads, etc. As there is
the greatest need of some public works, notably two short canals to
1:743
CIVIL SERVICE REFORM
give a proper flow of water through the harbors of Santiago and
Havana, I could not but feel that instead of offering to pay three mil-
lions of dollars to the Cuban army upon their laying down their arms
on a certain day, it would have been a great deal better to have spent
this money in hiring the soldiers as laborers on public works, and that
this would have resulted practically and promptly in the quiet break-
ing up of the Cuban forces.
March 31st. Arrived at Nassau on the morning of Good Friday.
Found Sir Roderick Cameron expecting us and wanting us to take
charge of his daughter, who was going to New York.
April 2d. Arrived at Fortress Monroe, where Sarah left us.
April 3d. Arrived in New York.
April 7th. Went to Shadow Brook and found Mama, Anson, Mil-
dred and Harold there.
April 8th. To New York and to Ethel's.
May 6th. Mama, Carrie, Mildred and Harold sailed per Lucania
to go to Homburg, where Harold was to take the baths for eczema. I
expected to join them after returning from Salt Lake, where I had to
go to testify in the Farnsworth trial.
May loth. Received telegram from Dey & Street, our lawyers at
Salt Lake, that the second trial of the Nevada Company against
Farnsworth had been postponed.
May loth. Annual meeting of the Civil Service Reform Associa-
tion. The association unanimously adopted a report on lines which
the minutes showed I had advocated the year before, condemning
national administration, etc.
It had seemed to me that our Civil Service Reform Association was
making a mistake m preferring to try to coax President McKinley
to enlarge the competitive lists so as to include more small offices,
instead of attacking him for scandalous appointments in the large
post-offices and custom-houses, on the demands of great political
bosses.
In June, 1899, Anson was elected secretary of Yale Corporation,
but it was understood that he would not take up residence there until
17^1
STOKES RECORDS
a year later, when he had finished his theological course in the Epis-
copal Theological School at Cambridge, Massachusetts.
June loth. Graham and I started for Salt Lake.
June 14th. Second Farnsworth trial begun.
June 25th. The jury presented verdict for the Nevada Company
for $77,122.74, being the amount claimed upon second cause of action,
and which was collected after a decision in our favor on appeal. The
jury found against the company on the first cause of action, which was
for $41,250 and interest. Seven or eight of the jurors were Mormons,
one of these being a Mormon missionary, one a fellow-director with
Farnsworth in a sugar refinery, one a noted old polygamist, and one a
son of a Mormon bishop. Mr. Farnsworth was a prominent Mor-
mon.
Subsequently a suit in equity was filed against Washington for the
recovery of secret profits retained at the time of, and shortly follow-
ing, the inception of the Austin Mining Company's operations, and
this suit was settled out of court, the defendant relinquishing his in-
terest in the Austin Mining Company and paying the Nevada Com-
pany $20,000 in settlement of its claim against him.
Graham and I went to Austin, Nevada, and thence to lone.
July 3d. We left lone, starting early in the morning, rode over
hills to Peterson's ranch in the lone Valley, and drove from there to
Austin, where we arrived at 10.30 P.M.
July 7th. At Salt Lake.
July 8th. Left Salt Lake for Manitou Springs.
July 9th. Spent Sunday there, and left that night for Chicago.
July loth. Arrived at Chicago.
July 14th. I went to our smaller camp on Pearl Island, on Upper
St. Regis Lake, where Sarah and Helen were keeping house.
July 3 1 St. Left for New York.
August 5th. Mama, Carrie, Mildred, Harold, Miss Young the
governess, and Mr. Hunkins the tutor, arrived per Campania.
August 6th. Mama and I went to Newton's near Portchester, on
the 7th to Ethel's at Rowayton, and on the loth to Shadow Brook.
LOSS OF LEG
August 1 2th. Lost my left leg. Was riding for the first time a
young and powerful gelding named "Dingley,"^ out of imported Irish
mare "Lady Melton," bought by me from Haines of Leicester, Eng-
land, in 1888, and hunted at Pau later that season. The gelding had
twice thrown my groom, who had ridden him with a curb. I was try-
ing him with a simple exercise bridle, and could not hold him when
he bolted down a steep hill and dashed against a tree. Doctor Charles
McBurney amputated my left leg a little above the knee.
Your mother thinks that I ought to add fuller particulars regarding
the loss of my leg.
My groom warned me not to ride the young gelding, but as I
learned that he had reared and had gone over backwards, I supposed
the fault was heavy hands and a curb bit. I told him I was not afraid
of any horse, and to bring "Dingley" around with an exercise bridle.
(Boasting went before a fall.)
Carrie was riding with me, mounted on "Mabel," a daughter of
"Lady Leicester," an Irish mare I had imported with "Lady Melton."
All went well for about a mile. We rode down by the side of the
brook in our park to the place where the road comes out of the woods
and then goes down rather steeply to the straight avenue with four
rows of elms. "Dingley" bolted down this hill. I had to crouch as he
galloped under the pine trees. I could n't hold him, but stuck on.
When we had crossed the bridge at the foot of the hill he swerved to
the left, passed safely through the first row of trees, and as I was try-
ing to pull him to the right he crushed my leg against one of the elms
of the second row, and fell with me.
Carrie followed as soon as she could, and rode on to call the farmer,
who came and tied his handkerchief about the upper part of my leg to
stop the flow of blood. I tried to explain to him how to make a tour-
niquet with a piece of stick, but I was too weak from loss of blood and
soon fainted.
Mama^ was told and came to me, after sending for Doctor Mc-
^ Named after the hunter of that name I had owned in England.
^ I had gone to Lenox and was sent for, and took back with me Doctor Armstrong, tele-
phoning for Doctor Paddock at Pittsfield, our regular physician. Father had been taken to
the house before I arrived, and we then also sent for Doctor McBurney, one of New York's
most famous surgeons. — H. L. P. S.
177-^
STOKES RECORDS
Burney, who, fortunately, was at his country house four miles distant.
He could not operate for six hours. I had lost much blood. He had
to inject salt and water into my veins and get assistants, etc.
It was thought I must die, and as only my younger children were in
Lenox, others were sent for to New York and elsewhere.
When I woke after the amputation, I did not know whether my leg
was ofi. I asked Doctor Paddock, "Will you be able to save my leg?"
He replied, "We are going to do the best we can."^
After a few days the pain became severe, and I could not sleep, ex-
cept a very little from opium. The horse, in getting up, had trodden
upon me, causing internal hemorrhage. The heel of one of his feet
had cut into the shin bone of my right leg, making two wounds which
did not heal for three months. The deltoid muscle of my left shoul-
der was so bruised that it became hard. A bone in my right elbow
was split.
Four weeks after the first operation, another operation was per-
formed for the removal of one and a half inches of sciatic nerve
which had become swollen and involved in the wound. Owing to
communication with the old wound and necessity for probing, etc.,
the new wound had to be kept open until it healed by granulation.
Afterwards had phlebitis in stump.^
I am thankful that my life was spared to enjoy the loving and de-
voted care of my wife and children and grandchildren.
Vet. tried "Dingley" for ten days, then advised killing him, as he
appeared to be insane, so he was killed.
Returned to New York in November.
Was advised by doctor that for years I would have to go to a warm
climate during February and March, etc.
Harold entered Groton school this year.
1 Father then said to me, "Have they put a weight on my leg?" Seeing I hesitated to
answer, he asiced, "Is it off?" To which I replied, "Yes, dear; it was a question of your
life or your leg." His only reply was, "It is all right."— H. L. P. S.
2 Two nurses were in attendance until we returned to New York in November, and one
remained with us until January. Father was, and has always been, a most patient sufferer,
never a murmur, and in all these years has never once referred to his accident with bitter-
ness, or even expressed a regret that he had been tempted to ride so fractious a horse. He
has borne his loss with perfect resignation and cheerfulness, and his Christian fortitude has
been an inspiration to all who have come in contact with him. — H. L. P. S.
[78]
SHADOW BROOK
Library
SHADOW BROOK
Staircase Hall
NEVADA COMPANY
1900
January 13th. Ethel's son, Sherman Reese Hoyt, was born at 229
Madison Avenue.
February 7th. Got first artificial leg.
February. Went with wife and Graham to Palm Beach, Florida,
where my wife and I remained about twenty days, and then went to
Miami, where we stayed from March 13th to 25th. Before we left
Palm Beach, Graham started for California and Nevada.
March 28th. Arrived home. Later this month testified before a
commission in New York in suit of the Nevada Company et al.
against Farnsworth.
April 27th. Went to Philadelphia to be measured for a new ar-
tificial leg.
April 30th. United States Court of Appeals affirmed in our favor
decision of court in Salt Lake in Farnsworth case.
May 3d. My uncle Benjamin Bakewell Atterbury died.^
May loth. Went to Shadow Brook.
May 22d. Got on horseback first time since accident. Horse was
led to the gate and back to the house. Afterwards drove for two hours
and a half. Over-exerted myself and had severe sciatica, which kept
me in the house for a week. Have not been on a horse since, notwith-
standing the newspaper reports that I was riding over the Berkshire
Hills.
May 24th. Sarah, Helen and Mabel Slade sailed for France.
May 24th. Appointed on committee on admissions. Church Club.
Declined.
June 6th. I went to New York. Mama, Carrie and Mildred
started to drive for three days from Shadow Brook to Ethel's at
Rowayton, Connecticut.-
1 Husband of my mother's sister Olivia.
- Where John Hoyt had built a house on Contentment Island.
While I was visiting Ethel she drove me over to Collender's Point, and I was so im-
pressed with the possibilities of the Point as a desirable place for us to live, so that Father
might have the enjoyment of sailing, etc., that within two or three days I took him up to
see it, and got John Hoyt to make an offer for us to Mrs. Collender for its purchase. She
accepted, and Howells & Stokes immediately began plans for the house. — H. L. P. S.
1:793
STOKES RECORDS
June loth. Anson was ordained deacon in New York in the crypt
under the new Cathedral of St. John the Divine, then building. A
large number were ordained priests and deacons, after which Anson
read the gospel.
About June 12th went to Shadow Brook.
June 19th. Wrote following parody on Miserarum est nee Amort:
"MISERARUM EST NEC AMORI
"[horatii, carminum, liber tertius, xii]
"How unhappy are the Mugwumps who with Bryan may not play,
Who can never trust McKinley, and must ponder all the day
On the selfishness of Croker and of Piatt.
"O Columbia! There 's a rider drives all prudence from thy heart,
He would soon embroil our country in many a foreign part,
And on civil service might talk through his hat.
"See bold Teddie, all in khaki, how he charges up the hill ;
The 'chimerical idealists' his eyes and teeth must kill,
For Bellerophon 's on Pegasus once more.
"When the delegates are corraled on the Philadelphian plain,
And the Lupercalian athletes run to show themselves again.
Will he take the crown rejected thrice before?"
June 29th. Mama and Graham went to New York. He started
next day for the West, and Mama met us at Albany.
June 30th. We arrived at Birch Island.
July I St. Helen arrived, having just come from France, where
Sarah and she and Mabel Slade had been traveling together and see-
ing the Exposition, etc. Sarah had gone from there to England, and
came later to Birch Island.
This year— 1900— raced at Upper St. Regis Lake the Shadow, jib
and mainsail idem. Won one first prize and four or five seconds.*
September 6th. Had moonlight race after dinner at our camp.
1 He always sailed his own boats both here and on the Sound, as long as he lived.-
H. L. P. S.
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LETTER FROM EX-PRESIDENT CLEVELAND
ANTI-IMPERIALISM
September 28th. Presided and spoke with Carl Schurz at Cooper
Union Anti-Imperialist meeting:'
"We are met to-night to protest against violations of the Constitution, and publicly
to dissociate ourselves from depredation and bloodguiltiness. . . .
"Our Constitution provides that the power to declare war rests with Congress, that
duties on imports must be uniform, that there can be no tax on exports, that a two-
thirds vote of the Senate is necessary to ratify any treaty. Jefferson pointed out that
the three great dangers to our Constitution and to our liberties would come from
monarchical entanglements, from war, and from a Treasury squadron in Congress. . . .
"The three great dangers pointed out by the author of our Declaration of Inde-
pendence are now upon us. It is sad to know that the man who, under Hanna, is most
responsible for their presence is our President. . . .
"William Jennings Bryan is a man of principle and determination who has proved
himself able and incorruptible. When, four years ago, I first heard of his nomination,
I shared some of the prejudices then common. I thought him too little known and too
young. He seems to be outgrowing these faults. . . .
"I appreciate the honor of presiding on this occasion, and the pleasure we are now to
have in listening to a man who has long been known, both abroad and here, as one of
the greatest champions of the people's rights that the world has ever seen. His unex-
ampled career as student, leader, and captive in the cause of liberty, as volunteer soldier
and officer of all ranks up to major-general in our army of freedom, as senator, member
of the cabinet and foreign minister of this country, and as a citizen devoted to reform
work, is known to you.
"It is my privilege, in jour behalf, to call for an address from the Hon. Carl
Schurz."
October i8th. Wrote ex-President Cleveland as follows:
"Dear Mr. Cleveland:
"I have consented to preside at the Bryan meeting, under Reform auspices, at Madi-
son Square Garden, October 27th.
"Remembering how useful we found your telegram to me when I was to preside at
a dinner in the early days of the Reform Club, I write to seek a word from 50U now,
in case you are willing to say something to your friends here on the question of im-
perialism. "Believe me always, "Sincerely yours,
"To Hon. Grover Cleveland." "Anson Phelps Stokes.
October 23d. Received the following letter from ex-President
Cleveland : "Princeton, October 23, 1900.
"Anson Phelps Stokes, Esq.
"My dear Sir:
"My situation in this campaign is such that I am constrained to frankly ask you to
excuse me from complying with the request contained in your letter of the i8th inst.
"Yours very truly, "Grover Cleveland."
1 For a fuller report of my speech, see Vol. IV, Appendix K.
irsn
STOKES RECORDS
October 25th. Ordered yacht Mermaid, 45x15x53/^x65.
Messrs. Tarns, Lemoine & Crane were the architects, but I had given
much time to planning roughly the kind of boat I wanted to build for
a cruise to the Bahamas, etc. I had to consider particularly the
draught of water on the shoals there, and also my disability from the
loss of my leg. I wanted to find out whether I could still enjoy yacht-
ing. TheMermfl/J was launched in January, 1901.
October 27th. Presided and spoke at Bryan meeting in Madison
Square Garden. Messrs. D. B. Hill, Bourke Cockran, William J.
Bryan and Senator Wellington also spoke. My address follows:
"Fellow-citizens :
"This is the one hundredth anniversary of the first election of Jefferson.
"In the campaign of 1800 the question was whether government should be aristo-
cratic or 'of the people, for the people and by the people.'
"This is the question now.
"Then, as now, the champion of the people's rights was bitterly denounced by the
administration, by the rich and by the powerful.
"It was charged that Jefferson was a demagogue and an anarchist, that he 'would
tumble the financial system of the country into ruin at one stroke' and produce 'uni-
versal bankruptcy and beggary.'
"Every social and political weapon was used against him and against his followers.
Many of these were denied employment. Not one of them was to be found among all
the judges of the United States courts. They were generally excluded from all offices
under the government.
"An old man once told me that when a boy he was at heart in favor of Jefferson,
but kept this secret to avoid being whipped.
"Jefferson was barely elected in 1800.
"Four years later he was reelected with only fourteen dissenting votes in the elec-
toral college.
"I believe that another 'era of good feeling' will follow the election of William
Jennings Bryan.
"Where in all the civilized world is there a foe to freedom that does not long for
the defeat of Bryan?
"We love him for the enemies he has made.
"But it is said that Mr. Bryan is an anarchist.
"How absurd this charge against one whose constant appeal is to the Constitution,
to the statutes and to the moral law !
"What is an anarchist?
"One who defies the law.
"What is the supreme law of this country?
"The Constitution.
"Who has most conspicuously violated the Constitution?
"President McKinley, by declaring war against the Filipinos, while only Congress
has the constitutional right to declare war.
"Is our law a net contrived to catch little fishes and let the big ones escape?
1:823
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
On the Mermaid
BRYAN MEETING
"The American people realize that their security depends upon respect for law, of
which it has been well said that none are too low to claim its protection and none too
high to do it reverence.
"It was very wrong to throw bombs in Chicago. It is very wrong to throw them at
our late allies in the Philippines for maintaining the claim that government must rest
upon the consent of the governed.
"If there is any danger of anarchy in our land, it comes from disregard of law by
those in places of authority and power.
"The Bible savs oppression maketh a wise man mad.
"The people here have the remedy for oppression in their own hands. They select
those who make and administer the laws. If the voters recognize the sacred respon-
sibility which the ballot places upon them, they can stop wrongdoing and oppression.
"They are themselves to blame if they yield to pressure from employers or to social
or pecuniary influences and vote for a man or a party that disregards the law or artfully
aids in making unjust laws to give governmental advantage to oppressive trusts.
"But Mr. Hanna says we have no trusts. A lady who believed in the faith cure
reproved a little boy for saying that his father had rheumatism. She told the child that
all diseases were merely imaginary; that he ought to say, 'Father thinks he has rheuma-
tism.' A few days later she asked him again about the father, and the boy said, 'Please,
marm, he thinks he 's dead.'
"If any of you think that you are suffering from loss of work because of the trusts,
you had best consult the great faith-curist, Doctor Hanna. He will no doubt make you
feel all right again. But see him before election, or he may not take so much interest
in your case.
"It is mistakenly charged that Mr. Bryan has attacked the Supreme Court because
he has said that a certain decision of the court is unjust and that a rehearing of the case
ought to be had.
"I can remember that Lincoln made a memorable campaign on the same issue re-
garding the Dred Scott decision, and that the Republican party made the same claim
regarding the first legal tender decision, and by appointing two new judges got the
decision reversed.
"We have seen much adroit legislation by the Republican party and enough adroit
administration in the interest of those who contribute to that party's campaign fund.
"But has Mr. Bryan ever done anything to justify a suspicion that he will in any
underhand way seek to give effect to his own personal views regarding the currency?
"He believes that if our mints were open the natural demand for silver would make
the market ratio 1 6 to i, the last legal ratio determined by Congress.
"The demand from the far East has lately advanced the price of silver twenty-five
per cent.
"The Constitution puts upon Congress the duty of regulating the ratio. This meant,
as all the debates show, to make it conform as near as may be to the market ratio.
"Why does not the Republican Congress alter the ratio if it thinks i6 to I unjust?
"Has our candidate ever shown any disposition to take advantage of any loophole in
the law to do an unfair act?
"On which side soever we contemplate Bryan, that which strikes us most is his
straightforwardness. He has refused to sacrifice principle to expediency.
"His record shows him a man who, if he swore to his own hurt, would change not.
"Is there any chocolate eclair in his backbone?
"Is his mind like a bed to be made up every morning by 'Hannah' ?
1:833
STOKES RECORDS
"If the people of this country decide in a lawful manner that they want mono-
metallism or bimetallism, they are going to have it.
"But never will Brj-an be found engaging in underhand tricks to carry out his per-
sonal views. That would not be like him.
"Above everything else in this election is the moral question involved in the
paramount issue.
"Under Mr. McKinley's imperial orders thousands of our own countrymen and
thirty thousand Filipinos have been killed, and the killing is going on.
"Each voter has now to say whether he consents to be an accomplice in the bloodshed
which is carried on because the Filipinos refuse to be subjects and because some power-
ful people here hope to make money there.
"It has been shown that the Filipinos are a remarkably clean-lived Christian people.
"It is found that our army is introducing vice and demoralization among them.
"The excuse ofiFered for their subjugation and destruction is that they are an inferior
race.
"Who of us will dare to offer that excuse before the judgment-seat of Him who has
said, 'Inasmuch as ye did it unto the least of these my brethren, ye did it unto me'?"
November 7th. Resigned from presidency of the National As-
sociation of Anti-Imperialist Clubs.
December loth. Joined with others in publishing statement re-
garding Mr. C. C. Hughes.*
1901
January 5th. Mermaid launched at Wood's yard, City Island.
January 8th. With Mama on board Mermaid at Brooklyn. The
Mermaid was about to sail for Miami, Florida, where Helen and I
were to join her.
January 23d. Mermaid arrived Brunswick, Georgia.
January 24th. Mermaid hauled for painting bottom, etc.
February ist. Mermaid arrived at St. Augustine, Florida.
February 4th. Helen and I arrived at Miami. Helen sailed per
steamer about 3 P.M., and I sailed per Mermaid for Nassau at
3.30 P.M.
1 "The undersigned desire to state that the use of their names in connection with the
American Liberty League, C. C. Hughes, secretary-treasurer, is unauthorized.
(Signed) "A. P. Stokes.
"Edward W. Ordway.
"Edw. M. Shepard.
"Nelson S. Spencer.
"Theodore M. Banta.
"Geo. Foster Peabody."
1:843
THE BAHAMAS
February 5th. I arrived in Mermaid at Nassau in less than twenty-
five hours from Miami. Had intended to cross shelf, but a strong
northwest blow made it impossible to find entrance near Cat Cay, so
we had to go by ship channel. Very rough. Mama and Carrie and
Anson Phelps Stokes Hoyt arrived a few days later. Anson Hoyt had
lately had pneumonia.
February 6th. At governor's reception.
February 8th. Sailed to Spanish Wells.
February 9th, Saturday. To Harbor Island.
February nth. To Spanish Wells.
February 13th. Arrived at Nassau via Fleming Channel.
February 14th. Sailed for Eleuthera; anchored on bank.
February 15th. To Glass Window and to Exuma Sound and Ship
Channel Island.
February 17th. To Rose Island.
February 1 8th. Arrived Nassau.
February 20th. Mama and Carrie on the Mermaid.
February 22d. Good Friday.
February 25th. Sailed from Nassau with Mr. George Agassiz, son
of Professor Agassiz.
February 26th. At Ship Channel Island with Agassiz. Strong
wind.
February 27th. Anchor dragged; started down Exuma Sound;
sailed all night in gale.
February 28th. At Howe Harbor, Cat Island.
March ist. To northeast of Exuma Sound.
March 2d. To Ship Channel Island.
March 4th. Arrived at Nassau.
March 7th. On board H. M. S. Buzzard.
March 7th. Was asked to be representative of the Dudley Associa-
tion at the memorial services commemorative of King Alfred in
Winchester, England. Declined.
March 7th. I challenged Austrian yacht Taormina, Count Collo-
redo-Mansfeld.
1:853
STOKES RECORDS
March 9th. Raced with Taormina. The Buzzard took charge of
the race, and placed a lieutenant on each yacht. Mermaid beat the
Austrian yacht eight minutes, not counting time allowance, which
would have increased my lead about fourteen minutes by New York
Yacht Club rules. Course, ten miles to leeward and return. There
was a strong breeze. I think this was the first international yacht race
of the century.
March 13th. With Carrie, in Mermaid, to Hatchet Point,
Eleuthera.
March 14th. At Governor's Harbor.
March 15th. Sailed to the Cove and Glass Window and to Nassau.
March 19th. Mama, Mildred and Carrie and Anson Hoyt left in
steamer for Miami. I dined at governor's.
March 20th. Governor and secretary and party dined on Mer-
maid.
March 22d. Sailed on Hamilton Kuhn's yacht Baracuta.
March 23d. Left Nassau, N. E. wind, 3.30 A.M. Sailed over shelf,
etc., and arrived Cat Cay 5.30 P.M. Stopped at house of Mr. Arthur
S. Haigh, whom I had met at Government House and had promised
to visit. He is a bachelor from England, and lives by himself on Cat
Island, which he owns. It is the nearest of the Bahamas to the United
States. The other inhabitants are all in his employ.
March 24th. Storm threatening. Left Cat Cay at 11 A.M. and ar-
rived at Miami 7 P.M.
March 25th. By rail to Palm Beach, where I met Mama and Mil-
dred and Anson Hoyt.
March 28th. With Mildred to St. Augustine.
March 29th. Mama and the others started for home. Mermaid
arrived at Fernandina.
March 30th. Mildred and I arrived on board Mermaid at Fer-
nandina.
April I St. We arrived in Mermaid by inland route at Brunswick,
Georgia.
April 3d. Arrived by inland route at Savannah.
[86]
YACHTING
April 5th. Sailed outside to Charleston, South Carolina.
April 8th. Mermaid sailed P.M. for Fortress Monroe, and we left
by train for Richmond, Virginia.
April 9th. Went to Fortress Monroe.
April i2th. Mildred left for home.
April 20th. Mermaid arrived at Fortress Monroe.
April 22d. Sailed with Mr. Simeon J. Drake in Mermaid.
April 23d. Anchored near mouth of Potomac.
April 24th. Arrived at Annapolis.
April 25th. Went through Delaware and Chesapeake Canal, etc.
Dorothy Hall, Tuskegee, Alabama, dedicated to-day.'
April 26th. Sailed up Delaware River.
April 27th. Delaware and Raritan Canal.
April 28th. Sailed from New Brunswick and arrived home.
May 9th. Saw brother William at Roosevelt Hospital.
May loth. He was operated on for appendicitis.
May 1 8th. Ambassador Andrew D. White writes me on behalf of
her Royal Highness Princess ,^ granddaughter of Queen Vic-
toria, saying she was coming to America, and asking us to be polite
to her.
May 25th. Went to Newton's place, which he had bought near
Greenwich.
May 27th. Mama, Carrie, Mildred and Harold sailed per
Oceanic for Liverpool. Mama and Harold to take cure at Homburg,
and Carrie, with Miss Young, to take cure at Schwalbach. Sarah in
England.
June i6th. At John Sherman Hoyt's at Rowayton, Connecticut.
June 19th. Graham came on board the Mermaid.
June 20th. Annual regatta. New York Yacht Club.
June 23d. At Greenwich.
June 25th. Clen Cove cup race. New York Yacht Club. Saw race
from Mr. Bourne's yacht Colonia.
1 See Vol. I, p. 138.
^ We invited her to visit us at Birch Island, but her plans made it impossible for her to
leave Canada. — H. L. P. S.
1^7:1
STOKES RECORDS
June 26th. John, Ethel and little Anson on board Mermaid, and
John sailed with me to New London.
June 27th. We sailed to Narragansett Pier and to Newport.
June 28th. At Miantonomo Hill and Narragansett Pier, and back
to Newport. John Hoyt left.
June 29th. Dined at William Watts Sherman's.
June 30th. Luncheon at Major Gibbs's.
July ist, Monday. Saw race of ninety-footers.
July 2d. Graham arrived and we sailed to Block Island, where we
saw great storm. Remarkable cloud, lightning and wind effects.
July 3d. Sailed for New Haven. Severe squall. Anchored at
New London.
July 4th. Anson came on board, and we sailed around Shelter
Island.
July 5th. Graham and Anson left and I sailed for Rowayton, an-
choring five miles east of there.
July 22d. Annual cruise of the New York Yacht Club. Mermaid
did well in race from Glen Cove to Huntington Bay, where Mr.
George W. Folsom^ came on board.
July 23d. Sailed from Rowayton to Morris Cove, where Anson
came on board.
July 25th. To Newport.
July 26th. Mr. Folsom left.
July 28th. Lunch at Senator George Peabody Wetmore's. Gen-
eral Joseph Wheeler there; also Vice- Admiral Higginson. General
Wheeler told me that as he came into the drawing-room he recog-
nized me, although it was more than fifty years since we had met.^
He knew that I was coming to the luncheon, but there were a number
of other men present.
Dined with Baron Richard von Kap-Herr.
July 29th. On Commodore Gerry's yacht for races.
July 30th. Dined with J. Murray Mitchell on yacht Bedouin.
^ Long our next-door neighbor at Lenox, when we lived in the Homestead. (See letter
from G. W. F., page 165.) -H. L. P. S.
2 See Vol. I, p. 139.
BIRCH ISLAND
Boat-house, built 1892
BIRCH ISLAND
Sitting-room, built 18S7
BIRCH ISLAND
July 31st. Dined with Commodore Lloyd Phcenix on yacht In-
trepid.
August I St. Dined with Capitan-Lieutenant Herbert von Rebour-
Paschwitz and Baron Richard von Kap-Herr, and went with them to
the dance at Casino.
August 3d. M. Packner on board for the races.
August 4th. Dined with Mrs. Fitzhugh Whitehouse.
August 7th. With Messrs. William Watts Sherman, Fitzhugh
Whitehouse and Matthew Wilkes on Mermaid to Squantuck Club,
where we had luncheon.
August 8th. Dined at Mrs. DeLancey Kane's.
August loth. Mr. DeLancey Kane with me to see races.
August nth. Sailed to New London.
August 14th. Wife and Helen, Carrie, Mildred and Harold ar-
rived per Oceanic.
August i6th. Helen and I arrived at Birch Island, and found
Ethel and her children there.^ Mama arrived this evening.
August 31st. Letter written in reply to the New York Journal.^
The New York Journal had sent me a long telegram when I was on
my yacht at Newport, asking me to write a letter on labor and capital
to be published in a symposium with letters from Bishop Potter and
a number of others. I declined. But upon receiving at Birch Island
a letter from Rev. John P. Peters, D.D., saying that he had under-
taken to arrange the symposium at the request of Bishop Potter, I
wrote the following letter, which was printed in the Journal Septem-
ber 4th:
"Bishop Potter's scheme for a newspaper discussion of the labor question is nobly
conceived, and much good must result. By choosing a popular medium, instead of some
dignified church organ, he truly aims to follow the great Bishop and Reformer of
whom it was said, 'The common people heard him gladly.'
^ Even after we built Shadow Brook, it was our custom to spend about six or eight weeks
in the Adirondacks.— H. L. P. S.
2 This letter was afterwards published with letters written by Bishop Potter, Ernest H.
Crosby, Carroll D. Wright, Rev. John P. Peters, D.D., Bolton Hall, President Arthur T.
Hadley of Yale, Hon. John De Witt Warner and others, in a book entitled Labor and
Capital, published by Putnam in 1902.
[89]
STOKES RECORDS
"It is useful to consider in popular debate some of the elements which must enter
into any full understanding of this question.
"But the subject is of too far reaching scope and importance to be fully developed in
this article. A thorough treatise on the best relations of labor and capital would re-
quire, of the greatest intellect, many years of special and devoted study.
"All that I am prepared to attempt is to point out a few of the facts that must be
considered, and to make a few practical suggestions.
"Some of these have, no doubt, been expressed before in some form.
"Absolute enforced arbitration cannot be relied on to settle all questions of wages,
for it might make working-men slaves or ruin employers.
"But the experience of New Zealand has shown that much harmony between em-
ployers and employed can be produced by a public Board of Arbitrators having au-
thority to examine books and papers, etc., to ascertain the real conditions of the trade
and what wages the business can afford to pay, and with authority to exact a fixed fine
from the manufacturer or the trade union, whichever party the arbitrators may find
to be wrong in demanding or refusing a change in wages.
"Combination and organization increase efficiency and economy in manufacture, in
transportation, etc.
"If all the plants of a great industry in one country be combined under the control
of one capable man, that combination will have an immense advantage in competing
with manufacturers not so organized in other countries.
"The great combination can also, if it chooses, reduce the price of its product to its
own countrymen ; and, if it chooses, it can increase the wages and reduce the hours of
labor.
"But a great trust is not likely to choose to look out for the interests of the com-
munity.
"So it is for the people to see to it that their representatives in the legislatures
secure for them the necessary compensations and safeguards for all powers and privi-
leges granted to corporations.
"The great combinations and all stock companies exist only by permission of statute
laws, which if justly drawn or amended would secure to the people fair compensation
and efficient safeguards.
"Corporations are exempt from death taxes and receive certain advantages from the
State, and ought to pay larger annual taxes than individuals.
"Their books ought to be open to public examination to protect the community from
conspiracy or other acts against public interest.
"Corporations should be absolutely prohibited from meddling at all in politics and
from contributing any funds to influence legislation.
"An officer of a corporation making any such contribution ought to be subject to
severe punishment, and made incapable of holding office, and any attempt to conceal
such contribution under the guise of 'legal expenses' or otherwise ought to involve
additional fines and penalties.
"Corporations being creatures of the legislature, their directors and trustees and
other officers must be considered as quasi-public officials.
"Any attempt of a trustee of a corporation or trust to make a secret profit out of his
position as such trustee should be punished as if he were a trustee under a will.
"Until the smallest stockholder enjoys the same right as the largest to know every-
thing he wants to know about the affairs of a corporation, and until directors and
other trustees are effectively prohibited by law from speculating in the stocks of their
companies, and from making secret profits out of their positions or their knowledge of
190-2
LABOR AND CAPITAL
the operations of the corporations committed to their care, the working-man cannot
with safety, or on equal terms, invest in the stocks of industrial or transportation com-
panies, and this most important kind of community of interest between capital and labor
cannot be effected.
"Any serious attempt by reformers to take from directors and other trustees such
secret profits, and to confiscate these for public uses, would, to use an old metaphor,
raise a whirlwind in Wall Street that would unroof temples of trade and blow down
the steeple of Trinity Church.
"Such a reform movement, if successful, would do away with all difficulties about
tax rates and go far toward solving the labor question.
"If these secret profits could be recovered, or, better, made impossible, there would
be fewer speculative directors, fewer unjust managers and superintendents, and fewer
paid labor agitators, fewer mills arbitrarily closed, fewer sudden reductions of wages,
fewer strikes, and more working-men would be found investing their savings in the
stocks of the companies employing them.
"It is impossible that in a free country one man may be permitted to say, in any
great national industry, that wages shall be fixed by him, that he shall determine what
church or labor union any of his employes shall or shall not belong to, and that his
only terms are unconditional surrender.
"It is deplorable that large bodies of working-men should be drawn into ill-advised
strikes by leaders who deal in bombastic boasts and threats, and in other ways show
want of mental balance and force.
"Let us hope that a strong and unselfish people's champion will be found to do for
labor what Charles James Fox did for liberty.
"Let us believe that the wonderful changes going on in the industrial world, some
of the results of which are beyond our comprehension, will be so overruled by Provi-
dence as to lead to a more just order of things and the greatest good of the greatest
number.
"Let us all strive to do what we can to promote justice and fair dealing, and teach
our children, by precept and example, to work unselfishly and fearlessly for the public
good.
"Reformers must expect to be despised and hated by those who profit by existing
abuses.
"The power wielded by the present order of things in Wall Street is unprecedented.
"A clever woman lately said that any business man in society in New York who is
not connected with the Stock Exchange is bound to explain why.
"The influence of a few great corporation magnates in society, in the legislatures and
courts and official circles, in seats of learning, in the press and in the church is not yet
fully understood.
"But it would not be just to place all the blame on prominent individuals, who may,
perhaps, claim that they are only playing according to the rules of the game.
"Working-men, being a majority of the voters, are very largely responsible for the
present unjust conditions.
"Christian philosophy, combined with just penal laws, can curb the exorbitant and
dangerous power of the few.
"The great body of working-men in this country can be free from industrial op-
pression when they cease selling their votes to political bosses.
"I do not mean that direct payment of money for votes is general, but, as has often
been pointed out, that votes are very commonly influenced by considerations regarding
employment, or by promises of such unjust gains as the tarii? laws deceitfully hold forth.
190
STOKES RECORDS
"I am informed regarding a community where public labor would give regular
employment to not more than fifty men, that about three hundred are placed on the
labor list by party bosses and given temporary employment on public work during some
weeks or months throughout the year, and that these three hundred men vote at the
dictation of the party bosses, and control the affairs of that community.
"This is a fair sample of what is going on in very many places in the United States.
"State socialism is not generally practicable, but great industries can be controlled
by the government to this extent at least, that those to whom permission is granted to
combine in corporations for manufacturing and railway purposes, etc., and to act as
trustees, directors and other officers, shall not be permitted to make secret personal
profits out of these positions.
"These secret profits from combinations and speculations are in many cases larger
than all the wages paid by some of these corporations during a long period.
"If they were prevented the companies would have much less interest to pay on
bonds and watered stocks, and could afford to pay higher wages.
"The present discontent comes largely from the evident injustice in the division of
profits between corporation magnates and their workmen.
"Birch Island, Paul Smith's Post-office, "Anson Phelps Stokes.
Adirondacks, N. Y."
Bishop Potter wrote two letters for this symposium in the Journal,
and wrote to me as follows :
"My dear Air. Stokes: "Hawk Island, Lake Placid, September 6th.
"You must let me thank you for your admirable paper in the New York Journal of
September 4th. It was especially interesting to me, just as I was dealing, yesterday, in
one of a course of lectures which I am preparing for a college in Ohio, with the ques-
tion of corporations, to find that j'our position as taken in the paragraph headed 'Trust's
Officials Quasi Public' so entirely justified my own. Have you seen, by the way, Henry
Wood's Political Economy of Humanismf I should like to know your opinion of it.
It seems to me a valuable and timely manual— of course in petto.
"I trust you are all well. "Faithfully yours,
"To Anson Phelps Stokes, Esqr." "H. C. Potter.
September 5th. Resigned as trustee of the Aged and Infirm Clergy-
Fund.^
Went to Shadow Brook this month.
September 23d. Letter from Fred Tams, arranging to go Wednes-
day to see schooner yacht Sea Fox. I went to see her a day or two
later, and bought her.
1 Owing to my infirmity, it had become very difficult for me to attend meetings, where, as
treasurer of the fund, I had to present a report, and commonly to speak.
1921
SEA FOX
October 3d. My sailing-master received delivery of Sea Fox, for
me, from Commodore Alanson Tucker at New Bedford.^
October 20th. At the Yale Bi-centennial.^ We hired for a week a
house at New Haven, where we entertained several guests for the
Bi-centennial, among them Hon. Joseph H. Choate^ and Mrs. Choate
and Mark Twain. Among our guests at luncheon one day was the
author of a new Life of Phillips Brooks, who had been our much loved
and admired Bishop of Massachusetts. Something was said about the
new book, and not knowing that the author was present, I said I did
not like it because it left out characteristic stories about the bishop, and
I instanced the story about how he had stopped in a Boston alley to
help a small boy ring a door-bell which was higher than the boy could
easily reach. The boy had then said, "Now run like the devil ! They
are coming." I was told that this story had been investigated and
proved not true.
December 3d. Saw brother Thomas, who was ill with typhoid.
Arranged for consultation.
December 28th. Asked Thomas to go with me in Sea Fox for a
cruise to Charleston, Bermuda and the Caribbean Sea. He regretted.
December 28th. Sea Fox sailed from Brooklyn for Charleston,
etc., and I went to Shadow Brook for over New Year's.
1902
January 2d. Yacht Sea Fox arrived at Charleston, South Carolina.
January 24th. I left New York with Graham for Charleston.
January 25th. Saw exhibition, and went on board yacht Sea Fox,
96.67 tons net; 95 feet 5 inches, water-line; 115 feet over all, and 11
feet draught, yacht club measurement, but then drawing about 12 feet
with cruising boats and stores, etc.
^ I found on the Sea Fox plated ware belonging to the Clytie, which I had sold to Mr.
Tucker many years before.
^ During the Bi-centennial, Woodbridge Hall was dedicated as administration offices for
the universit}'. This building was the gift of my husband's sisters, Olivia and Caroline,
in memory of their Connecticut ancestors. Newton and his partner, John Howells, were
the architects.— H. L. P. S.
^ United States ambassador at the Court of St. James.
1:933
STOKES RECORDS
January 26th. Graham and I sailed from Charleston/
January 31st. Arrived Bermuda, after a rather rough passage.
Sarah, having come by steamer from New York, joined us at Ber-
muda, and we sailed thence February 6th.
February 14th. Arrived Barbados.
February 1 8th. Left Barbados.
February 19th. Arrived Tabago.
February 21st. Arrived Port of Spain, Trinidad. Graham and I
dined at Government House, Sir Alfred Maloney, K.C.M.G., Gov-
ernor. Sarah was not well enough to go to Government House.
February 23d. Lady Maloney and daughter came on board for
luncheon. Graham and I dined at Government House.
February 24th. Sailed about Gulf of Paria.
February 26th. Sailed to Grenada; anchored outside harbor.
February 27th. Entered harbor. Dined at Government House.
Sir Robert Baxter Llewellyn, K.C.M.G., Governor.
February 28th. Drove to Grand £tang.
March ist. Sailed to Cariacou.
March 2d. Arrived at St. Vincent.
March 3d. Dined at Government House with Sir R. B. Llewellyn
and family, who had come by steamer from their other Government
House at Grenada.
March 4th. Governor and party lunch on board.
March 5th. Left St. Vincent and sailed to Chateau Belair, where
Graham ascended the Soufriere, the governor having had arrange-
ments made by telegraph. Sailed to Soufriere, St. Lucia.
March 6th. Drove to Soufriere, and sailed to Castries, St. Lucia.
March 7th. Sir Henry Thompson, K.C.M.G., Government Ad-
ministrator, came on board.
March 9th. Dined at Government House.
March loth. Arrived Fort de France, Martinique.
March nth. Arrived at St. Pierre. While at St. Pierre, Sarah,
^ For accounts of this and later cruise, see Cruising in the West Indies and Cruising
the Caribbean with a Camera.
1:943
WEST INDIES
Graham and I drove to Morne Rouge; and another day Graham and
I ascended Mount Pelee to Fontaine Chaude, whence the great ex-
plosion of hot water, ashes and gas came that caused the loss of nearly
thirty thousand lives in five minutes, the following month. This visit
was six weeks before the great eruption. I visited St. Pierre the fol-
lowing year. The change was most striking.^
March 14th. Arrived Roseau, Dominica.
March 15th. Arrived Portsmouth, Dominica.
March 17th. Arrived Pointe-a-Pitre.
March i8th. Sailed in cutter through Riviere Salee and back.
March 26th. Arrived St. Kitts, and sailed to St. Eustatius. Re-
markable ruins of old stone warehouses, etc. This place once had
large trade with New England.
March 28th. Arrived at Saba and sailed for St. Croix.
March 29th. Arrived at Fredericksted, St. Croix.
March 3 1 st. Drove across island, sending yacht around.
April ist. Sailed to island of St. Johns, and about Francis Bay,
and anchored at Whistling Cay Island.
April 2d. Arrived at St. Thomas.
April 4th. Sarah left us to return by steamer to England. We
sailed, and passed Culebra that evening.
April 5th. Arrived San Juan, Porto Rico.
April 7th to 20th. Left San Juan, and sailed along the northern
coasts of Porto Rico and Hayti to the eastern end of Cuba, then by
the western coasts of Great Inagua, Acklin, and Crooked Islands, and
past Long, Exuma, Rum, Watlings, Cat, Eleuthera, and other islands
to Nassau, where we arrived early April 14th; and, sailing at 4 P.M.
the same day, arrived at Fernandina, Florida, April i8th, and at New
York by train, April 20th, eighty-six days from the time I left home.
May 8th. Attended at Metropolitan Club dinner to Mr. John A.
Stewart.
May 15th. Addressed the New York Yacht Club on motion for a
See photographs printed at p. io6.
STOKES RECORDS
committee to consider the question of a squadron cruise to the West
Indies next winter.^ The following is an extract from my address :
"Commodore:
"I have lately returned from a West Indian cruise in my yacht, the Sea Fox.
"The terrible disaster which has overwhelmed, within the last few days, the beauti-
ful and fertile islands of Martinique and St. Vincent has startled the world. While
rejoicing at the prompt and efficient efforts to relieve present distress there, let us
remember, also, that for their permanent prosperity the lovely Carib Islands have the
utmost need of greater intercourse with the United States. This more neighborly in-
tercourse our club can promote to the benefit of all concerned.
"The unequaled advantages for winter cruising afforded by the eastern part of the
Caribbean Sea, from Porto Rico to Trinidad, have led me to suggest a squadron cruise
there, and to prepare a few short notes for the use of such of my fellow-members as may
think of sailing in those waters for the first time.
"I had considerable previous yachting experience at home and abroad. When I
owned the Clytie, I took her, in 1888, to Bermuda. I have j'achted in English waters
and among the isles of Greece, and last year I went, in the Mermaid, to and among the
Bahamas for about two months.
"But when I tried to plan a West Indian cruise, I found much study was required
to obtain the necessary information.
"Many books have been written about the West Indies by literary and scientific
men, by newspaper correspondents, and by tourists. But the precise information needed
by yachtsmen is as different from that required by tourists as the charm of these lovely
shores seen from a yacht is different from the very inadequate idea of their beauty
obtained from the crowded deck of a steamer, which hurries along at a distance, enters
few of the most interesting bays, and passes much of the finest scenery during the night.
"However, the experience I gained as a tourist in West Indian waters three jears
ago was of use in planning for yachting there.
"Recent events have led to largely increased American interest in these islands and
in their future.
"The great variety found in the appearance and condition of the inhabitants, the
various systems of land ownership and of labor, some islands being cultivated by a few
individuals or companies, some having peasant proprietors or systems of sharing, some
Hindu and Chinese labor, some permitting squatting on crown lands, some having
public sugar-factories established by the government or by European corporations, the
general decay caused by want of commercial intercourse with the United States and
with each other, the different colonial systems of the nations owning the islands, the
tariff, sugar, and negro questions — all these present an important study for Americans
who are now called upon to consider colonial problems.
"It is only by actual visits that the real conditions in the Virgin, Leeward, and
Windward Islands can be understood. Yachts are the best means for visiting these
islands, and we have, in the northeastern and eastern parts of the Caribbean Sea, in-
comparably the best waters for our winter yachting.
"If I can contribute a little to facilitate plans for j'achting there, I feel it a duty
that I owe to the New York Yacht Club, which has twice done me the honor of elect-
ing me its vice-commodore. . . .
"Among the considerations that appeal to me in favor of winter yachting in the
This address is printed in full in Cruising in the West Indie
1:96]
CARIBBEAN SEA
eastern part of the Caribbean is that old and'even infirm yachtsmen can there enjoy
outdoor hfe with great comfort in a delightful and healthy climate, with fine steady
sailing breezes six days out of seven, quiet anchorages, regular exercise, inland excur-
sions over good roads, evening launch cruises about harbors of wonderful beauty and
along coral sand beaches on which palms grow, while above are seen bold cliffs, the
greenest of fields, and lofty wood-covered mountains. One meets interesting people at
government houses, at messes, clubs, and on board men-of-war, and learns facts about
colonial problems, while avoiding snow, blizzards, and influenza. Now that the old
difficulty about ice is done away with by the general introduction of ice-plants, one can
always have good food on a yacht in these waters.
"I do not doubt that a few months' yachting in the tropics would generally benefit
most old yachtsmen.
"The eastern part of the Caribbean Sea is an e.xcellent place for young yachtsmen
to get the training necessary to make them useful if called upon to defend their country
in the navy reserve or in the navy. We may sometime need a large navy reserve mos-
quito fleet in that neighborhood.
"It is possible that some who have been in the habit of spending summer months
floating about in palaces on our smooth sounds and bays might, by a cruise in the West
Indies, be led to take an interest in real yachting. . . .
"The multiplicity of quarantine regulations between the islands is annoying to
travelers, and greatly interferes with trade, etc.
"There appears an intention to put obstacles in the way of intercourse.
"Rodney expressly insisted, at the time of the Treaty of Versailles, 1783, that
Dominica must be retained by the English to prevent the French islands on either side
of it from becoming too prosperous and important.
"This isolation has been ruinous to Dominica. It is almost without roads or trade,
while the islands on either side — Martinique and Guadeloupe — have good roads and
considerable commerce, mostly with France.
"Dominica has fine streams and very fertile soil, and is well suited for all kinds of
tropical produce in the lowlands, and for many other crops on the higher levels. The
inhabitants speak a French patois, and live for the most part, as far as I could see, in
miserable huts. They have many fish in their rivers and off-shore fisheries, but cannot
sell to Guadeloupe, which depends for most of its fish on salt codfish brought from the
French fisheries at Newfoundland.
"How could any State in our Union prosper if each county had its own quarantine
and customs laws, and a lot of officials to enforce them, and a currency which was at
large discount in the next county?
"Almost all the principal islands on the east side of the Caribbean Sea have exceed-
ingly rich soil, and would be very prosperous if they had free trade with the United
States and with each other.
"The English islands will, I think, soon be clamoring for some connection with us,
if they find we treat Cuba and the Danish islands ^ liberally. The English Virgins
come within about one mile of the Danish Virgins. It is already beginning to be un-
derstood that Porto Rico is improving, and that laborers now get higher wages there
than in the Leeward and Windward Islands, where men for the most part receive
twenty cents a day, and where women work in the fields and on the roads for much less.
"The English are concentrating their forces at Castries, St. Lucia, a very important
^ It was at that time supposed that the Danish West India Islands would be sold to the
United States.
1:973
STOKES RECORDS
landlocked harbor and coaling station, to defend which they are spending vast sums on
modern fortifications, etc. Much of the work about the fortifications and almost all
the loading and unloading of ships are done by women. The women, with slight cloth-
ing and bare feet, walk on long gang-planks, carrying on their heads baskets of the
softest coal, the dust from which is carried about by the wind. The combination of
royal and mail steamers and ragged female stevedores is not pleasing.
"The British war-ship Sirius anchored near us, and in returning our salute played
'The Star-Spangled Banner,' and the senior lieutenant came at once on board to bring
the commodore's compliments, etc.
"Trinidad and Tobago are self-supporting and prosperous, but before long the
question of disposing of the English Leeward and Windward Islands, excepting St.
Lucia, will, I think, become a prominent one in English politics.
"The Federation Act of 1 87 1 effected good in some directions, and increased dis-
satisfaction in others. The commission of which Sir Henry Norman was president,
sent out in 1897, has shown the agricultural position. The late conference on the
sugar-bounty question has shown the benefits of discussion, and that nations can act in
a civilized way toward each other, as many individual men do. But it is now obvious
that something further is necessary for the prosperity of the Leeward and Windward
Islands, to stop annual deficits and to avoid the dangers that must arise from popular
discontent.
"Access to the markets of the United States appears indispensable for real pros-
perity. Free intercourse and trade between themselves would help.
"Sea power has long been the great thought of English statesmen in their considera-
tion of the West Indies. Very astute English governors and admirals there have for
centuries reported to the Foreign Office on this question. Sir William Stapleton, Gov-
ernor of the Leeward Islands in the time of Charles II, wrote in one of his reports:
'He that is master of the sea will go near to be the same at land.'
"It is now recognized that the ownership of a great number of islands does not in-
crease sea power. Only very few islands have deep landlocked harbors like Castries,
where modern vessels of war can coal. . . .
"Yachting is the natural sport for those living on our Atlantic seaboard. The New
York Yacht Club has the lead, and has the best and most accessible waters for its sum-
mer cruise. Let us now preempt for winter squadron cruising the neighboring waters
of the eastern Caribbean Sea."
Saturday, May 26th. Wife and Caroline and Harold sailed to go
to Homburg, where my wife and Harold took the cure.
Part of May and most of June cruising about Long Island Sound
and up North River. Helen and Mildred were with me, and Mr.
James William Beekman and Commodore H. Nicholson Kane part
of the time. After Commodore Kane had been with me for a few
days he told me he greatly regretted that he had to leave, but that he
had an engagement to dine at a house on the North River. We
stopped at a port on the Sound, where he went ashore. He returned
1:983
Z -/>
O -2
BIRCH ISLAND
to the Sea Fox, saying he had telegraphed to the lady with whom he
had engaged to dine that he regretted being unable to visit her on
account of the weather. The weather was quite perfect, but he told
me that was the reason. It was too fine for him to leave the yacht.
We sailed up the Hudson River to Hyde Park, where we visited
Commodore Archie Rogers.
June 28th. Newton and Edith sailed from Liverpool, and Anson
sailed from New York. Newton had been attending with Sarah the
court proceedings in suit for divorce which she obtained in London
this spring.
July 7th. Went in Sloane train to Lenox.
July 7th. Sloane-Field wedding.
July 9th. Arrived Birch Island.
Three weeks to wait for wife's return from abroad.
Counting the days lonely and drear,
Islands and lakes, woods and mountains are here,
Still my heart seeks something more dear,
Some one I long for who does not appear.
All nature smiles gaily around.
Whose was the taste that embellished this ground ?
How these blessed isles pine for the sound
Of that dear voice which past seasons here found.
And I must wait three long weeks more
For her home-coming to gladden this shore.
Then my dear mate she shall restore
Charms which Birch Island afforded before.
About September 15th went to Highland Farm, near our new place
at Collender's Point, Noroton, Connecticut, then being built.
After the loss of my leg I was unable to enjoy Shadow Brook as
much as I had previously done, because I could no longer ride about
the place as I had been accustomed to do, and of course I could not
play golf.
Most of my children, being actively engaged in business and in
benevolent work in New York, found they had to be much in the city
1:993
STOKES RECORDS
during the autumn, which was the Lenox season, and Lenox was too
far away for them and for me to get easily backward and forward
from town. It was also rather far from my daughter Ethel and her
children, who were living in a beautiful place that John had built at
Rowayton.
Mama found a charming location at Noroton Point, about a mile
west of the Hoyt place (four miles by land) , so we decided that it w^as
best to build at Noroton and to sell Shadow Brook.^ We bought
Noroton Point, containing ten and one half acres, November 8, 1901,
and my son's firm, Howells & Stokes, built "Brick House" there
for us.
Remained one month at Highland Farm,- and then went to New
York.
December zzd or 23d. Sea Fox sailed for Porto Rico.
December 27th. Ethel's daughter Helen was born at Lakewood,
New Jersey.
1903
January — . Wife and I visited Ethel at Lakewood.
January — . Left New York by steamer, with my friends Messrs.
James William Beekman and Robert G. Hone, for Porto Rico.
January 22d. We joined the Sea Fox at Porto Rico. As I have
described this cruise in a lecture^ before the New York Yacht Club,
^ Newton bought and built near Greenwich, thirteen miles from Noroton Point ; Graham
bought Caritas Island and built there, about one and one quarter miles west from our
house; and Robert and Caroline came to live at Highland Farm, four and one half miles
distant. Anson had already bought and enlarged the old Pierpont House at New Haven.
Later Mildred and Ransom bought a farm at South Salem near Ridgefield, so that we
had our children and grandchildren near us. In 1909 Sarah hired the old Hoyt place
at Norwalk; and in the same year my sister Olivia hired Portledge at New Canaan, about
ten miles from Noroton Point.
- As there were only thirteen acres at The Point, we needed more land for farming and
bought Highland Farm, on the road to New Canaan. We lived in the farm-house while
Brick House was building, and Carrie was married from there to Robert Hunter the fol-
lowing spring. — H. L. P. S.
' One hundred and forty-six stereopticon views were used in this lecture. A few of these
views are here presented.
BRICK HOUSE
Entrance Drive
BRICK HOUSE
Entrance Gate
CARIBBEAN CRUISE
May 7, 1903, I will quote here from the lecture, which is printed in
Cruising in the Caribbean with a Camera:^
"At the general meeting, May 15, 1902, I addressed the club on the subject of
'Cruising in the West Indies,' etc.
"That was after returning from a three months' cruise there in my schooner yacht
Sea Fox.
"Needing to avoid cold weather last winter and remembering the unequaled advan-
tages for winter and early spring cruising afforded by the eastern part of the Caribbean
Sea, from Porto Rico to Trinidad, I determined to take the Sea Fox there again.
"I have now returned from a cruise of about three months. During this time I have
visited most of the islands at which I landed last year, and also some others, including
Hayti, Jamaica, and Cuba.
"Before I left New York, January 17th, the chairman of our Lecture Committee
called and asked that upon my return I would give to the club a lecture on 'Cruising
in the Caribbean,' to be illustrated by a stereopticon, and to be one of the course of seven
lectures which the Committee planned for the present season.
"Now, the cruise I had planned for this season, if added to last year's cruise, would
complete the tour of the islands on the north and east of the Caribbean Sea. . . .
"At that time I had seen sad results there of the mixture of the two races. Since
then I have had an opportunity to compare white government in Jamaica with colored
government in the neighboring island of Hayti, — a contrast as startling as that between
St. Pierre as I saw it last year, and the dead St. Pierre that I have now visited.
"I think that few in our community know much of the interests and beauties sur-
rounding the Caribbean Sea. Our war with Spain and the terrible disasters at Mar-
tinique and St. Vincent have called attention to a few islands, but how few of our
citizens know anything of the charms of the Danish and British Virgin Islands, the
grandeur and beauty of the Leeward and Windward Islands, or that there are a hun-
dred islands in the Grenadine group alone. Or that on the north shore of South Amer-
ica, and beginning near Trinidad, and attaining its greatest height near Caracas, is
what Kingsley, in Westward Ho! has called 'the mighty northern wall, the highest
cliff on earth, some nine thousand feet of rock parted from the sea by a narrow strip of
bright green lowland.' How few know that, three hundred miles farther west, Santa
Marta, covered with perpetual snow, and in plain view from the decks of passing ves-
sels, rises 17,500 feet, while, farther west and south, Aconcagua is 23,910 feet high.
Mt. Blanc is only 15,800 feet above sea level, and is far from the sea.
"The Caribbean is about the same size as the Mediterranean, which is a little longer
and narrower. But the Caribbean Sea, on account of its location twenty degrees farther
south, its reliable trade-winds, freedom from storms during February, March, April,
etc., is much better suited for late winter and early spring yachting.
"I intend this lecture to be a report of my late cruise, and I will endeavor now, with
the aid of the stereopticon, to carry you to some of the places we visited in the Sea
Fox between January 22, 1903, when we joined the yacht at San Juan, Porto Rico, and
April 14, when we entered the port of Baltimore, Maryland. Some of the photographs
taken on the Sea Fox proved defective. I have obtained others from dealers.
"San Juan was founded in 151 1, eighteen years after the discovery of Porto Rico
^A copy is in the New York Public Library and one in the New York Yacht Club
Library.
STOKES RECORDS
by Columbus, and five years after the conquest by Ponce de Leon, whose ashes are still
kept in his old castle there.
"Morro Castle, the principal fortification, was built in 1584.
"We had the advantage of a long postprandial talk with Governor Hunt regarding
the afiEairs of the island.
"You may be interested in the costumes of some of the natives, so soon probably to
become our fellow-citizens.
"There are beautiful shores and beaches near San Juan.
"We sailed from San Juan to the island of Culebra, where we found the North
Atlantic Squadron under Rear-Admiral Higginson, Commander-in-chief. His flag-
ship, the Kearsarge, and the other battle-ships, Alabama, Illinois, Iowa, Massachusetts,
Texas, and Indiana, were anchored in the bay on the west side of the island, while the
Olympia, Admiral Dewey's old ship, and now the flag-ship of Rear-Admiral Coghlan,
and the other war -ships were in the inside harbor, where we anchored, and where we
had the pleasure of seeing the burgee of the New York Yacht Club hoisted on the
Olympia in honor of our club.
"We dined on the Kearsarge with Admiral Higginson. The bay where his battle-
ship squadron lay is some distance, by sea, from the inner harbor. A short canal has
been constructed through which small boats can now pass between the inside and outside
anchorages.
"From Culebra we sailed past Sail Rock to St. Thomas, or Charlotte Amalie, as
this very picturesque seaport is named.
"From St. Thomas we sailed by some small islands and then along the north shore
of the island of St. John, through the sound called Virgin's Road, or Sir Francis
Drake's Channel, between the Danish and the British Virgins, and anchored for the
night at Virgin Gorda, on the southeastern end of this charming sound. The view at
sunset and in the afterglow was wonderfully lovely, with its brilliant coloring of sky
and water seen between the numerous headlands. That view is beyond the powers of
the stereopticon.
"The Virgins, with their many quiet anchorages, are sure sometime to be appre-
ciated highly by yachtsmen. The climate in winter and spring is perfect,— not debili-
tating as Trinidad would be for a long stay.
"The next day we sailed near to the island of Saba, a great volcanic cone above steep
cliffs, and arrived the following morning, Jariuary 30th, at Philipsburg, the Dutch
port on the island of St. Martin. Its chief export is salt. St. Martin contains thirty-
eight square miles, about half belonging to France and half to Holland.
"In driving across the end of one of the great salt-ponds, the horse got into too deep
water, which rose to its back, and we had to release it from the bugg}'. With my
artificial leg, I was left in rather an awkward position. Some girls, however, ran to
my assistance, and by their aid the buggy was pulled and pushed safely to land. I was
reminded of Galatea aided by the nymphs in her escape from Polyphemus.
"Most unfortunately, I have no photograph of my nymphs, but well-known pictures
of Galatea's adventure will sufficiently illustrate the situation.
"That afternoon vi^e went in my new ten horse-power launch to the town of Mari-
got, in the French part of the island, passing first along the shore, then through an
intricate coral reef, and then through a large lagoon.
"Saturday, January 31st, we sailed first to the French island of St. Bartholomew,
or St. Barts, where we went, in the launch, about the picturesque little harbor of
Gustaf, and then sailed to Basse Terre, St. Christopher, commonly called St. Kitts, an
important port of call for many steamers.
MORO CASTLE, SAN JUAN, PORTO RICO
PORTO RICAN CHILDREN
w^^^
ST. THOMAS (CHARLOTTE AM ALIA)
AMONG THE VIRGIN ISLANDS
CARIBBEAN CRUISE
"We drove across the island and back, and sailed to Nevis, formerly the fashionable
watering-place of the West Indies in the days when sugar was king.
"We saw the old stone hotel which cost $200,000 and was sold for $200. We
visited the old fig-tree church, where Lord Nelson was married. William, Duke of
Clarence, afterward King William IV, was best man.
"St. Kitts, Nevis, and St. Croix are of great interest to Americans on account of the
early life there of Alexander Hamilton.
"We sailed back to St. Kitts, as I had made engagements at Culebra to lunch this
day with Captain Emory on the Indiana, and to entertain at dinner Admiral Higgin-
son and captains of some of the battle-ships.
"We reached the anchorage just before the arrival of the battle-ship squadron,
whose approach was very impressive.
"The Admiral sent his band of more than a dozen pieces to play on the Sea Fox.
"February 3d, we sailed from St. Kitts, saw Antigua in the distance, and passed
near to Rodonda, Montserrat, and Guadeloupe.
"Some Americans pronounce Antigua as if it were a word of four S3'llables:
" 'There was a young bride in An-tig-u-a,
Who said to her spouse, "What a pig you are !"
He replied, "O my Queen,
Is it manners you mean,
Or do you refer to my fig-u-a?" '
"The next day we skirted Dominica and Martinique. When opposite Mt. Pelee
we tacked close inshore and sailed along the front of the dead city of St. Pierre. We
anchored that evening at Fort-de-France.
"The views of Mt. Pelee and St. Pierre, and the great changes since the year before,
were most impressive. But I will speak of this later, for, on our return from Trinidad,
we obtained a permit at Fort-de-France, and landed at St. Pierre.
"There is a fine statue of Empress Josephine, erected in the principal square of
Fort-de-France, in memory of her birth near here.
"This is a portrait of the ex-king of Dahomey and two wives, the only royalties now
living here. He is a prisoner, but has a good house and other comforts.
"February 5th, we sailed past St. Lucia. At sundown, when near to the Soufriere,
St. Vincent, we saw lightnings about the mountain and a black cloud on top, and we
learned later that there was a slight eruption that night.
"We arrived at Kingstown, St. Vincent, about noon, February 6th, and, after a
drive, sailed again, and passing close to some of the Grenadines, reached St. George,
Grenada, at 7.30 p.m.
"The next day we lunched at the Government House, and Lady Llewellyn took us
for an interesting drive overlooking the Vale of Tempe and the sea, and among the
cocoa plantations.
"The following day we had a launch excursion and dined at Government House,
and early the next morning sailed for Trinidad.
"The fine auxiliary yacht Mohican steamed out before us, but when the trade-wind
commenced to blow we soon passed her, and reached Port of Spain, Trinidad, long
before her. I mention this as a proof that steam is not needed on yachts in the eastern
part of the Caribbean Sea.
"We anchored at 5.30 p.m., when an officer from the British flag-ship called on
behalf of Vice-Admiral Sir Archibald L. Douglas.
C 103:1
STOKES RECORDS
"That evening we dined at Government House, with Sir Alfred and Lady Malonej',
who invited us to go the next day on an excursion with the British Admiral. We were
unable to accept this, but visited the flag-ship Ariadne, and Captain Browning of the
Ariadne called on the Sea Fox.
"One of my guests, Mr. James William Beekman, had, to our great regret, to leave
us to return to New York. We went to the steamer to see him off, and then took a
very interesting trip in the launch through the canal and among the Five Islands and
the islands of the Boca, or mouth of the Gulf of Paria. These picturesque islands,
Diego, Casper Grande, and Mono, have lovely little harbors and many summer cot-
tages belonging to the residents of Port of Spain. There are fine views here of the
eastern end of the Andes.
"The next morning Admiral Douglas called. I had planned to go in the yacht up
the San Juan River, Venezuela, among the mountains near the great northern wall of
South America. But I learned from both British and American admirals that it would
not be possible to do so, because of the excited state of the country.
"February 14th, at 10 A.M., we began our homeward course, on which we visited
many more ports than on our way south.
"Our first visit was at St. George, Grenada, where we had stopped on our way
south. This is an ideally romantic place. The town is in two parts, connected by a
tunnel which runs through a cliff on which the old fort stands.
"The north harbor is an open roadstead.
"The south harbor is landlocked.
"We dined and spent the night at Government House, from which there are charm-
ing views of the south harbor and coast, mountains and valleys, and drove into the
interior up to Grand Etang, a lake in an ancient crater among the clouds.
"I took the Governor, Sir Robert B. Llewellyn, and his daughters, in the Sea Fox,
to the island of Cariacou, forty miles distant, and which they had not before visited.
They spent one night on the yacht and returned with us to St. George. Cariacou is
one of the Grenadines, and has 6500 inhabitants.
"We went to Lady Llewellyn's ball, for which Admiral Douglas had sent H. M.
cruiser Retribution. Captain Bostwick,' of our club, with his wife and their two
young children and friends, arrived in the Sultana as we were about to leave. They
were all enjoying their cruise.
"We then sailed among many of the eastern Grenadines, past the Soufriere, St.
Vincent; the Soufriere, St. Lucia; and the stupendous Pitons, to Castries, St. Lucia,
which is the Gibraltar of the West Indies, and the great West Indian coaling-station.
The coaling is done by women, who carry soft, dusty coal in baskets on their heads.
"There are new and very important earthworks, also model barracks and hospitals
on the north shore of the harbor.
"This picture may give valuable hints to our Regatta Committee. It is of a race
between Castries yachts, which passed close to the Sea Fox. The yachtsmen had to let
go their sheets often to keep from upsetting, and to bail the little coffins in which they
sailed.
"From Castries we sailed for Martinique, one mile south of which we passed close
to Diamond Rock, a very remarkable little island, about 800 feet square, 574 feet high,
and with precipitous sides. The rock was formerly rated as a sloop-of-war on the
books of the British Admiralty. In January, 1804, Sir Samuel Hood laid his seventy-
Mrs. Bostwick is a daughter of my cousin Henry Stokes.
1:104]
THE PITONS
Nearly 3000 feet high
YACHT RACE AT CASTRIES
ST. GEORGE, GRENADA
ST. GEORGE, GRENADA
View from Government House
CARIBBEAN CRUISE
four gun ship, Centaur, close alongside this rt)ck, to the top of which he made fast a
hawser on which was a traveler. He then hauled three long twenty-fours and two
eighteens to the top, and left them in charge of Lieutenant Maurice, with one hundred
and twenty men and boys, with ammunition, provisions, and water. The crew built a
cistern, and for fifteen months this novel sloop-of-war did great injury to the French
shipping going to and from the neighboring harbor, now called Fort-de-France, until
June I, 1805, when she surrendered, for want of powder, to a French squadron of two
seventy-fours, a corvette, a schooner, and eleven gunboats. In this engagement the
stone sloop-of-war. Diamond Rock, killed and wounded seventy men and destroyed
three gunboats, with a loss to herself of two killed and one wounded.
"Reading this story as quoted by Kingsley from Naval Chronicles, Vol. XII, p. 206,
and passing Diamond Rock in 1899, and remembering my application made many years
before for a caveat on a revolving vessel, I was led to invent an armored globular
battery, for which the United States and foreign governments have granted me patents.
After talking with some prominent naval men, I have come to think it of sufficient im-
portance to ask the club to look for a moment at photographs of preliminary sketches,
which will explain my floating fort.
"The fifteen-inch guns are rigidly fi.xed to the globular battery, so far as their aim
is concerned. The elevation is effected by tilting the whole globular battery. This is
done by weighted cars moving on sectional tracks. The azimuths are regulated by four
screw-propellers, which revolve the battery horizontally, and have also the faculty of
moving it slowly from place to place. ^
"February 23d, we stopped at Fort-de-France, and obtained a permit to land at St.
Pierre, which we then visited, going ashore and also rowing close to the sea-wall and
ruins along the whole water-front of the dead city.
"This picture shows St. Pierre as it was before the eruption of May 8, 1902.
"This picture shows St. Pierre after the unparalleled disaster which in five minutes
destroyed this beautiful and prosperous city and thirty thousand inhabitants.
"When I visited St. Pierre in 1902, we went up Mt. Pelee as far as Fontaine
Chaude, where a considerable stream of hot sulphur-water then flowed out of the
mountain. Fontaine Chaude was, in my opinion, the precise point where the side of
the mountain blew out and destroyed St. Pierre. Numerous jets of steam were rising
from this place when we sailed along the shore there this year, on our way south.
"We sailed out of the anchorage at St. Pierre, between a most peaceful sunset with
wonderful afterglow on our left, and the scene of terrible desolation on our right. The
wind was so light that we were kept near to Mt. Pelee longer than we liked, for we
had learned from an eye-witness that at a recent eruption the hot sand had spread
westward about five miles from shore, turning the surface of the sea to steam.
"We passed close to Dominica, but did not have time to stop. I visited this island
in 1902. It is one of the grandest of the Carib Islands. The people are miserably
poor, almost without roads, and, being British, it is cut off from trade with the neigh-
boring islands, which are French.
"We sailed past Marie Galante to Pointe-a-Pitre, Grande Terre, the eastern one
^ Sketches of globular battery, with fuller description, will be found at the end of this
lecture. The plans of the Cerberus, stereopticon slides from which were then shown, were
later greatly improved by me in the plans for the Ultima, which I described in a paper read
November 16, 1905, before the Societ>' of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (pub-
lished in the Proceedings of the Society). I therefore now omit plans of the Cerberus and
refer to the Ultima at pp. 124 and 125.
STOKES RECORDS
of the twin islands called Guadeloupe. A narrow and shallow strait, the Riviere Salee,
divides Grand Terre from the other or western twin, which is of about equal size, but
much higher.
"At Pointe-a-Pitre, Consul Ayme dined on board, told us about the Mt. Pelee erup-
tion, and showed us some interesting stereopticon pictures of St. Pierre, Mt. Pelee, etc.
"On my visit in 1902, I had found Mr. Ayme a man of marked ability and intelli-
gence. As he had been promptly on the ground after the great eruption, I applied for
information to him, as a man most competent to give an accurate account.
"We sailed along the southeastern coast of Guadeloupe, past bright green fields of
sugar-cane, fertile hills, and noble mountains from which waterfalls and streams descend
to the sea. A lovely, laughing land.
"On our left were the Iles-des-Saintes, the French naval station.
"Off these islands De Grasse was defeated by Rodney, April 12, 1782— the severest
naval battle in English history, and a victory that England then considered of greater
importance than the loss of her thirteen North American colonies.
"At Basse Terre, Guadeloupe, we obtained a supply of naphtha for our launch, and
took a beautiful drive of about seven miles to Matuba. The scenery is truly grand,
especially the views from two iron bridges crossing deep mountain gorges. Matuba
lies on the westerly slope of the Guadeloupe Soufriere, which had lately been discharg-
ing ashes, and it was sad to think that this lovely district might be destroyed at any
moment.
"The government of Guadeloupe is controlled by blacks and colored people, and
it is feared that an explosion more serious than a volcanic eruption may break out there.
"Our next anchorage was at the British island of Montserrat. The people here
appear more poverty-stricken than at any other island except Dominica.
"After stopping again at St. Kitts for water and ice, we sailed to St. Eustatius, and,
passing close under the bold white cliff there, anchored in the harbor of Orange Town.
Holland owns this island, which was once very prosperous. The remains of great,
solid, stone warehouses are to be seen at the edge of the harbor.
"We sailed close by the wonderful cliffs on the western side of the Dutch island of
Saba. It was too rough to land, but the mountains were unusually free from clouds.
The principal village is called Bottom. It is 960 feet above the sea, and is reached only
by steep paths and by steps cut in the cliff. But it is seen from the sea through a narrow
gorge.
"We then sailed to Fredericksted, St. Croix, drove across the island on a perfect
road, passing a number of fine-looking sugar-works, to Christiansted, where we had
luncheon, saw the town and the old Baltimore schooner Vigilant, which has been em-
ployed by the Danish government to carry mail, etc., ever since she was captured when
in the slave trade in 1801.
"We drove back to Fredericksted in the evening.
"From conversations with a number of people of various conditions, it appears that
there is some reaction from the general desire for annexation to the United States,
which seemed to exist when I was in St. Croix the year before. It is now expected
there that Denmark will do much to develop her islands. But it is not easy to see how
they can prosper without free trade with the United States.
"From St. Croix we sailed to Ponce, Porto Rico. I found Ponce less interesting
than I had expected.
"March 3d we sailed from Ponce, and the next day arrived at Santo Domingo, a
remarkable sixteenth-century Spanish-American walled city, built at the mouth of the
Ozama River, — the oldest city of European foundation in the new world. In 1496
1106-2
ST. PIERRE
Jefore the eruption
ST. PIERRE
After its dest
CARIBBEAN CRUISE
a fort was built on the opposite side of the river, which is narrow at this point. Co-
lumbus was confined there in 1500. That fort was destroyed by an earthquake in
1502, and this castle was built about 1509. It is the most conspicuous object in the
city, and the oldest castle in America. The first university in America was at Santo
Domingo.
"The cathedral, built of solid stone, commenced in 1 5 12 and finished in 1540, is
one of the most notable buildings in the western hemisphere. It is claimed that the
remains of Columbus are in the stone coffin under a great monument to him in this
church. Much evidence— conclusive, I think — has been adduced in support of this
claim, and that it was the remains of Diego Columbus, the son of the great discoverer,
that were taken by mistake to Havana. We found Santo Domingo most interesting,
although vilely dirty.
"Passing the 'House of Columbus,' which belonged not to the discoverer, but to his
son Diego, who here maintained a splendid viceregal court, we went in the launch
about five miles up the Ozama, on which there were many long dugout canoes. We
wished we had time to go much farther up this large river, but we wanted to see more
of the city. We returned and drove inside and outside of the walls. On all sides
children of both sexes without any clothing were playing in the dirty streets. The
appearance of the soldiers was grotesque. There were many ruins of once fine build-
ings, and disorder and decay everywhere.
"We were told that there was a revolution going on, and that eight revolutionists
had been captured the preceding day. One of these revolutionists we saw and talked
with. The government is nominally a free republic, but is practically a military des-
potism. One part of the community is pleased at having certain laws made, and another
part is pleased by the liberal non-enforcement of these laws. Politicians in our country
may suppose that they have invented this clever, double-acting scheme. But it is pre-
cisely the Santo Domingo plan ; and the politicians there thrive under it so well that the
outs are constantly getting up revolutions, hoping to obtain a chance to construe the
laws liberally to the profit of themselves and their partizans.
"Santo Domingo has a colored man's government. Hayti, the western part of the
.island, has a black man's government. These two classes here, as in some other parts
of the Caribbean Sea, hate each other.
"In most of the islands, the distinction between colored and black people is very
sharply drawn.
"We sailed past Jacmel, Hayti, but did not land. Jacmel is an open roadstead, and
the sea was rolling in, as there was a little south in the wind that day. Even the mail-
steamers seldom anchor there.
"The island of Hayti, seen from the south, has not the grand and mysterious aspect
that I noted when sailing along the northern shores in 1899 and in 1902. The gov-
ernment is, like that of Santo Domingo, nominally a free republic, but practically a
military despotism. In 1867, according to Hesketh Pritchard's book on Hayti, the
army was composed of 6500 generals, 7000 regimental officers, and 6500 privates.
Ober, in 1893, says the nominal strength of the army is about 20,000, of which some
14,000 are general, staff, and regimental officers.
"Robert T. Hill, writing in 1898, states that of the eleven rulers of Hayti since its
freedom, only one has escaped being either shot or deported.
"For accounts showing how civilization has retrogressed in Hayti in the last hun-
dred years, during which time the negroes have 'enjoyed self-government,' with the
particulars of the relapse of great masses of the people into serpent worship, and for
accounts of cannibalism, I must refer to the book of Sir Sidney St. John, who lived for
[1073
STOKES RECORDS
years in Hayti, and to the books of F. A. Ober. Ober spent about fifteen years in study-
ing the islands and the fortunes of Columbus, and was the United States Special Com-
missioner to the West Indies for the Chicago Exposition. Writing in 1893, he gives
details which he claims to be sufficient 'to show that cannibalism still flourishes in
Hayti.' This has been denied by Haytian authorities.
"At 10 P.M., March 7th, we sighted Morant Point on the eastern end of Jamaica,
and the next day arrived at Kingston, after an interesting sail along the coast.
"Here we met the Sultana again. Also the British flag-ship Ariadne.
"There are many coolies here as at Trinidad.
"We dined at King's House, the residence of the Governor, Sir Augustus L. Hem-
ming. His Excellency and Lady Hemming, Chief Magistrate and Mrs. Mares-Caux,
and Commander Eustace of H. M. cruiser Alert, dined next night on the Sea Fox.
We visited the Ariadne, being invited to meet General Shaw.
"My guest, Mr. Robert G. Hone, was now obliged, to my great regret, to return
to New York, and left me at Kingston, March nth.
"The same day I ordered the Sea Fox to sail for Montego Bay, on the northwestern
coast, while I visited other parts of the island by rail. I first drove to the old historical
plantation of Cherry Garden, now owned by the Hon. Chief Magistrate Mares-Caux,
where I dined and spent the night. This was the night before the full moon, and the
view from Cherry Garden House over the country, Kingston, the harbor, sea and head-
lands, was charming.
"The next day I went by rail in four and a half hours from Kingston to Port
Antonio, the headquarters of the United Fruit Company, which has absorbed the Bos-
ton Fruit Company and other fruit companies. It owns a large fleet of steamers, many
plantations, and the hotel here, which stands on a bluf? between two harbors.
"Port Antonio is one of the most romantic places I have ever visited. The full
moon shone over the palm trees and the harbors with their vessels and sail-boats, and
it was a fairy scene.
"Immediately in front of the hotel is a small island which protects both harbors;
the entrance to the principal harbor is very narrow. Westward of this little island there
is a fine surf, and eastward the sea dashes against black rocks. The visitors at the hotel
and at the many cottages adjoining were mostly from New England. There is talk
of taking down the present cheap buildings and putting up a better hotel in their place
this year.
"This part of Jamaica faces the northeast trade-winds, and has about three times as
much rainfall as the southern side of the island.
"The mountain and coast scenery of Jamaica is justly celebrated for grandeur and
rare beauty.
"The tropical foliage of northern and central Jamaica is most luxuriant. Fine
banana trees may be produced by irrigation. But to produce the best bananas, plenty of
showers are necessary ; and they have these here. Many ruined sugar estates have been
turned into banana plantations, or divided among peasant proprietors who raise bananas
for sale ; and as the United States admits bananas free of duty, the people of Jamaica,
living under well-administered laws, and being able to buy land and to sell fruit, etc.,
appear happier than the inhabitants of the other islands. It is terrible to think how
much of this prosperity may be destroyed by a single line in our next tariff bill.
"Time does not permit me to give instructive particulars regarding the remarkable
growth of this banana trade, which has resulted in great advantage to both countries.
A few years ago bananas were seldom seen in our country, except in a few cities. Now
this useful fruit is found in every village; meanwhile, the use of American goods has
D083
PORT ANTONIO, JAMAICA
PORT ANTONIO
View of inner harbor from hotel
SCENE NEAR PORT ANTONIO
WASHING CLOTHES IN JAMAICA
CARIBBEAN CRUISE
greatly increased in Jamaica. When a peasant can earn only twenty cents a day as in
many Carib islands, he is not a large consumer of imported goods; but let his earnings
increase and he will use American oil, provisions, and manufactured goods.
"From Port Antonio I went in four hours by rail to Spanish Town, the former
capital, and the next day, in six hours by rail, to Montpelier, which is a rich grazing
and fruit and sugar country.
"A drive of ten miles from Montpelier brought me to Montego Bay, where I found
the yacht, and sailed at 3.30 o'clock, March i6th, for Cienfuegos, Cuba.
"The successful government of Jamaica, where there are nearly one hundred colored
and black persons to one white, is a very important study for American statesmen.
Two and one half per cent, of the people are registered as white, but some of these are
known to have an admixture of black blood. It has been proved there that vast numbers
of negroes, when led by a few able, brave and honest whites, can be advanced in civiliza-
tion. The soldiers, policemen, railway conductors, guards, and engineers are black or
colored. The commissioned officers are, of course, white. The published histories of
the Jamaica regiments show how these black troops, commanded by white commis-
sioned officers, have maintained order and fought bravely for England and her colonies
in the West Indies and in Africa. They are fine-looking, and appear proud of their
uniform and of their service. There are only about twelve hundred white troops on
the island, which has a population of more than seven hundred and fifty thousand.
"There are many negro owners of very small farms. Any man paying $2.50 taxes
can vote for members of the Legislature, which has limited powers.
"Compare the actual conditions in Jamaica with those in the neighboring island of
Hayti. At about the close of the seventeenth century, Hayti was the richest colony in
the world. A century later it contained very many splendid estates, noble houses, and
a rich and refined society. The black republic of Hayti appears to be going back to
barbarism. The roads cannot now be driven over, and the forests have encroached
largely on the cultivated land. The most popular hero is the black Emperor Dessalines,
who, in 1804, ordered the massacre of all whites.
"The colored Republic of Santo Domingo drove out or killed almost all whites and
blacks.
"The government of Jamaica has been able to do so much for its people, notwith-
standing the destruction of the great staple industry of the island, causing large losses
to the owners of great sugar estates. But even sugar appears to be looking up, and
would be a very profitable crop if our country would consent to receive it freely in
exchange for articles which we would sell there to the advantage of our own citizens.
"If the statesmen of our reconstruction period had taken a yachting cruise through-
out the Caribbean Sea, they could never have committed the terrible mistake, or offense
against nature, of attempting to place a superior race under the domination of an in-
ferior one.
"Lincoln said, September, 1859:
" 'I am not, nor ever have been, in favor of bringing about, in any way, the social
and political equality of the white and black races; I am not, nor ever have been, in
favor of making voters or jurors of negroes, nor of qualifying them to hold office, or to
intermarry with white people : and I will say, in addition to this, that there is a physical
difference between the white and black races, which, I believe, will forever forbid the
two races living together on terms of social and political equality.'
"After the close of the war, after the South had laid down its arms and had elected
National senators and representatives, it was found that the dominant party might be
unable to maintain control of Congress. Then Garfield, in urging the passage of the
STOKES RECORDS
Act of 1867, a bill for the extension of suffrage to the colored race in the late Con-
federate States, said :
" 'This bill sets out by laying its hands on the rebel governments, and taking the
very breath of life out of them ; in the next place, it puts the bayonet at the breast of
every rebel in the South ; in the next place, it leaves in the hands of Congress, utterly
and absolutely, the work of reconstruction.'
"The result of this policy is not a pleasant subject to discuss. But those who have
had opportunity to observe the material and social ruin wrought in some of these islands
by political equality and unrestrained intercourse between the races, followed by the
supremacy of the lower race, are bound to bear their testimony, now that the question
has again come up in our country as one of pressing importance. An unknown author,
quoted by Marcus Aurelius, has said, 'He who fears to speak freely is a slave.'
"The noble work of Booker T. Washington and others will prepare many negroes
properly to exercise political rights and privileges. But where negroes are in the ma-
jority in communities in our country, to encourage them to attempt to rule white men,
must, I think, prove disastrous.
"We had light winds most of the way from Jamaica to Cuba. One night the calm
was so absolute that the reflection of stars in the water exceeded anything of the kind
I had ever seen.
"Early March 19th, we arrived at Cienfuegos, a great and perfectly landlocked
harbor that would hold all the navies of the world. It has a deep but narrow and
crooked entrance. The mountains to the eastward are fine. Westward from here the
great agricultural country of Cuba is mostly flat.
"I sent the Sea Fox on to meet me at Havana, and went by rail that afternoon to
Santa Clara, the following day to Matanzas, and the next morning to Havana, where
I found that friends I had expected to meet had had to return home.
"The yacht was nearly four days going from Cienfuegos to Havana. Yachtsmen
should remember that light winds and calms are to be expected on the southwesterly
sides of Jamaica and Cuba at this time of year.
"The Sea Fox anchored near the wreck of the Maine, and near by Commodore
Bennett's grand j'acht Lysistrata, 1934 tons, and Captain Struthers's plucky little racing
schooner Muriel, 72 tons, were anchored close together.
"I found western Cuba very hot. It was too far from the delightful trade-winds
we had so lately enjoyed. So I was very glad to find myself again on my yacht and
with prospect of ocean breezes.
"The breezes were light until we were about abreast of Miami, Florida, when a
strong northerly wind against the Gulf Stream made a bad sea, and we had a lot of
severe squalls. These conditions are not uncommon in that neighborhood, as I had
before experienced. The rough weather continued until we reached Nassau, where we
arrived March 27th, at 7.30 a.m. I dined that evening at Government House, and
the following evening the Governor, Sir Gilbert Carter, and his daughter dined on the
Sea Fox.
"We sailed from Nassau April ist, and had light winds until the night of April 4th,
when we had a northwest gale.
"Saturday morning, April 4th, we arrived off Charleston, where I found still flour-
ishing the charming hospitality for which that pleasant city has been so long dis-
tinguished.
"It was very cold at Charleston. I sent the Sea Fox, April 7th, to Fortress Monroe,
and went there by rail.
"The yacht arrived at Fortress Monroe early April 9th.
SEA FOX
In cruising trii
SEA FOX
Sailing with small awning
SEA FOX
"We sailed to Norfolk and afterwards up the Chesapeake and to Baltimore, where
we arrived April 14th. I returned by rail to New York April 15th, almost exactly
three months from the time I left here, January 17th.
"The Sea Fox reached New York April 19th, having been away four days less than
four months, during which time she had sailed 8100 sea miles, measured on straight
courses from port to port. During the previous season's cruise to the Bermudas, Carib-
bean Sea, etc., she sailed 7380 miles.
"This is the Sea Fox in racing trim, when her New York Yacht Club measurement
is 89 feet 5 inches water-line, 115 feet all over, 11 feet draft. Tonnage, 96.67.
"This is the Sea Fox in cruising trim, when, with stores, etc., on board, she draws
nearly 12^ feet.
"Being built of iron, she has to be hauled less than half as often as a steel yacht,
which is an important consideration in building yachts for distant cruising.
"This shows our party on the Sea Fox. We are under the small awning which we
carry when sailing.
"I wish to add that I am as firm as ever in my judgment regarding the advantages
of cruising in sailing yachts in distant seas.i
"What other sport so moderates the mind and promotes good-fellowship ?
"An occasional storm is only Nature's coy way of alluring by an appearance of
resistance. What joy there is in contests with her! How, at length, she yields and
delights to be conquered. How lovely the nights under the stars on the gently swelling
ocean. How snug and comfortable we feel when we get the trysail set.
"The greatest of the Greek tragic poets has beautifully associated the sea with
mental calm :
" 'Mind serene like the calm of the sea.'
"That this mental calm is sometimes disturbed by seasickness is because of a strange
want of logical perception. The diurnal revolution of the earth carries us at the equator
a thousand miles per hour. We move more than a thousand miles a minute in our jour-
ney around the sun.
"Compared to these rapid movements, the motion of the waves is ridiculously small.
"To permit one's self to be excited by such small motions is absurd."
In February, Sir George Gabriel Stokes died.^
March. Mama took a party of young people in a private car to the
Grand Canon of the Colorado. Robert Hunter and Ransom S.
Hooker were in the party.
April nth. Anson and Robert Hunter came on board yacht at
Fortress Monroe. I gave consent to Robert's engagement to Caroline.
^ "Sea cruising promotes a healthy taste for real yachts as compared with expensive
sailing machines." — Cruising in the West Indies, etc., by Anson Phelps Stokes, p. 93. See
also pages 20-23, idem.
2 When at Cambridge, 1889, Doctor Waldstein had arranged to take me to see Sir George
Gabriel Stokes, the great scientist, president of the Royal Society, etc. But the excitement
of the boat-races and the number of visitors at Dr. Waldstein's rooms prevented. Rev.
Thomas Gabriel Stokes, Chancellor of Armagh, Ireland, was a cousin of Sir George
Gabriel Stokes.
STOKES RECORDS
April 15th. Saw Sarah at Baltimore, where she was ill. She spent
some winters in Baltimore under doctor's care.
April 25th. A fire destroyed our stable at Shadow Brook, Lenox,
with much furniture, etc., which had been boxed up to send to Brick
House. The old carved oak box which George Phelps had brought
to this country in 1 630 was burned.
May 23d. Caroline was married at St. Luke's Church, Darien,
Connecticut, to Robert Hunter, son of William Robert Hunter and
Caroline (Fouts) Hunter of Terre Haute, Indiana.^ Robert was
head worker of the University Settlement in New York.
June. Most of the month at Highland Farm, Noroton Heights.
July. About the ist, left New York for Birch Island.
July 1 8th. Saw Sarah, who was ill at her cottage at Saranac Lake.
July and August, busy with sailing, and pamphlets and book re-
garding this year's cruise, and plans for globular battery^ and arco-
factor.^
September. John Hoyt raced Galatea for me in a Seawanhaka
race. This was the first time she was raced. She is a raceabout which
I had built for the Sound.
Sold 16.8 acres on Upper St. Regis Lake to Judge William K.
Townsend for $15,000.
This month went to Highland Farm, Noroton Heights, because
new house at Collender's Point was not ready.
September 5th. Application for patent for arcofactor.
September loth. Sarah returned to Baltimore.
September 14th. Sailed Galatea from City Island to Five Mile
River.
September 17th. Lease of Shadow Brook signed.
November 2d. Began to live at The Point,^ Noroton, afterwards
^ The wedding breakfast was at Highland Farm, which we were occupying during the
building of Brick House.— H. L. P. S.
2 See p. 124. 3 See Vol. IV, Appendix K.
* We later ceased to use the name "The Point," as we found that neighbors used these
words as part of the names of their places.
BRICK HOUSE
Looking east toward the Summer House
BRICK HOUSE
Looking east
THE NILE
called Brick House, and Robert and Caroline moved to Highland
Farm on their return from their wedding trip abroad.
December 30th. My son, Anson Phelps Stokes, Jr., married Caro-
line Green Mitchell,' daughter of Clarence Green Mitchell and
Sarah (Lindley) Mitchell, who was an intimate friend of my sister
Olivia and the daughter of Rev. Daniel Lindley, the missionary
pioneer in South Africa, who baptized Paul Kruger ("Oom Paul").
My sister Olivia had been godmother to both Anson and Caroline,
who was commonly called Carol.
December 30th. Sent to Tams, Lemoine & Crane tracings of sev-
enty-five-foot radius naval battery (the Improved Cerberus).
1904
January ist. At The Point, Noroton, Connecticut.
January 20th. With wife, Helen and Mildred, sailed per
Deutschland. At our table were ex-Mayor and Mrs. Low, and
Messrs. Beekman, Miss Beekman and Mrs. Tracy. Passed Sandy
Hook 9 hours 56 minutes A.M.
January 26th. Passed Gibraltar.
January 28th. At Mole, Naples, 8.40 A.M., Greenwich time, 5406
miles from Sandy Hook. Passage, 7 days, 16 hours, 44 minutes (rec-
ord). Sent plans of battery {Improved Cerberus) to Tams, Lemoine
& Crane. I had redrawn them largely on steamer.
January 31st. Left Naples per S. S. Romanic for Egypt.
February 2d. Arrived at Alexandria. Went to Cairo, stopping at
Ghezireh Palace Hotel.
February i6th. Left Cairo in S. S. Rameses the Great for a trip up
the Nile.
February 25th. Appointed on council of Society of Colonial Wars,
State of New York.
February 28th. Left Shellal.
See Vol. IV, Appendix M.
STOKES RECORDS
We went up to the Second Cataract and greatly enjoyed the trip,
which was of the usual character so often described by tourists.
March 13th. Arrived at Cairo from up the Nile.
Received letter from Olivia and Carrie giving Father's portrait to
me.'
Called on Lord and Lady Braye at Cairo.
March 31st. Left Cairo and Alexandria for Naples.
Visited neighborhood of Naples. Went to Rome, Milan and
Venice.
April 15th. Arrived Paris.
April 20th. I arrived in London. Helen soon followed. Wife
and Mildred and Harold had gone to Homburg.
April 24th. Evelyn Bradshaw, Baron Halkett's cousin, called on
Helen, and told me particulars about his death, 4th March, 1904. He
was serving in the war in South Africa, got a slight hurt on his head,
and had to have this operated on, when evidence was found of the
efifects of a more serious injury which he had sustained when, before
his marriage, his horse fell with him in Hj'de Park, and he struck on
his head, fractured his skull and became unconscious, remaining for
some time in hospital at Hyde Park Corner. Miss Bradshaw ap-
peared to think that this earlier injury might account for some of
his later actions.
May 4th. Sailed with Helen per Cedric from Liverpool. There
were on board Mr. and Mrs. Albert Bostwick, Mr. George Westing-
house, Rear-Admiral George Melville, Captain Dighton Probyn and
Mrs. Probyn, and Mrs. Harrison Swan. Mama, Mildred and Har-
old arrived home later.
July 8th. Robert Hunter, Jr., born at our house, Noroton.
August I St. I left Noroton Point in our Winton automobile with
Anson and Harold, and arrived at Sharon, Connecticut. Went thence
by automobile to Lenox, Lake George and the Adirondacks.
August 4th. At sisters' cottage near St. Hubert's Inn, Keene Val-
^ This portrait was given with conditions which are pasted on back of frame and also
filed at my office. See Vol. I, p. xiii.
1:1143
ARCOFACTOR
ley, Adirondacks. Automobiles were so little known in the Adiron-
dacks that horses on the road were much disturbed.
August 5th. Arrived at Birch Island, where others of the family
were.^
September. Harold passed his entrance examinations for Yale, but
being only seventeen, we thought it best for him to wait a year longer.
So he went with a tutor, Mr. Lansing Reed, and a young friend, Har-
old Arrowsmith, son of Rev. Harold Arrowsmith, our former rector at
Lenox, to study in Italy and Germany, and to visit Greece, Egypt, etc.
September 17th. Sailed in old members' race at Seawanhaka, and
spoke at club dinner.
October 5th. Offered presidency of the Parker Independent Clubs.
Declined.
October 5th. Read for the first time in Autobiography of Herbert
Spencer, published April, this year, his account of device for drawing
arcs,-' which, when he was about to publish, he found had been in-
vented before.-
October 6th. Received letter from Kerr, Page & Cooper, dated
October 4th, that my patent for arcofactor had been allowed and
would issue 25th October.
October loth. Left Brick House, Noroton, in automobile, with
Mama, went to Ansonia and saw the place where I had lived when a
boy. The house had been used as a boarding-house, and the place
looked generally dilapidated.^ Thence to New Haven.
October nth. To Hartford, Connecticut, where Helen joined us.
October 12th. Detained at Hartford by storm. Had rooms in
hotel overlooking the cemetery, which contains many tombs of my
ancestors. These tombs we visited next morning.
October 13th. To Windsor Locks and to Pequonnoc. Much in-
terested in seeing old tombs of ancestors.
1 This year we succeeded in getting all the family together and had the photograph taken
which is shown opposite.— H. L. P. S.
'^ It was different from my arcofactor. See Vol. IV, Appendix K.
3 See plate, Vol. I, p. 158.
1:1153
STOKES RECORDS
October 14th. To Simsbury and New Haven by automobile,
thence to Brick House.
October 21st. Attended dinner of Society of Naval Architects and
Marine Engineers to Sir William White, K.C.B., LL.D., vice-presi-
dent of the Institution of Naval Architects.
October 27th. Attended meeting of council of Society of Colonial
Wars.
October. We sold No. 229 Madison Avenue^ (now called 231)
to Mr. J. Pierpont Morgan, and bought back No. 230 Madison Ave-
nue, where we had formerly lived. Mr. Morgan gave the house to
his son.
November 17th. Read paper before Society of Naval Architects
and Marine Engineers- at their meeting and spoke at dinner.
Part of November and all of December, 1904, and until 30th Janu-
ary, 1905, while alterations were being made at No. 230 Madison
Avenue, our town home was at No. 37 Madison Avenue, where a fine
apartment house, the Madison Square,* had been erected by the Wyl-
lys Company on the site of my father's old house and adjoining prop-
erties. My son's firm, Howells & Stokes, were the architects. The
Wyllys Company is almost entirely owned by my sisters, my eldest
son and others of my family.
This autumn attended the Diocesan Convention, at the time of the
election of the Rev. David H. Greer as coadjutor bishop. I had
received notice to attend a meeting of the Diocesan Board of Missions,
of which I was a lay member; the meeting was to be held imme-
diately upon adjournment of the convention. As I was not at that
time a delegate from any church, I had no specially designated seat.
A distinguished rector invited me into the pew reserved for delegates
from his parish. Mr. J. Pierpont Morgan, passing through the aisle,
stopped to shake hands with me. When the convention adjourned, it
was announced that the Board of Missions would meet in the vestry-
room.
'■ As Father could not spend winters in New York, and most of the children were mar-
ried, the house had become too large for us. — H. L. P. S.
^ The title of this paper was "The Semi-Globuloid Naval Batter}'."
= See plate, V'ol. I, p. 165.
BRICK HOUSE
Living-room
BRICK HOUSE
Entrance Hall
BRICK HOUSE
Dining-room
BRICK HOUSE
Libra rv
DIOCESAN CONVENTION
Having an artificial leg, and desiring to avoid being pressed against
by the delegates leaving the church, I was a little late in reaching the
vestry-room, and all seats were taken. Bishop Potter, who presided,
came and shook hands with me and procured a chair for me. It was
nearly dark when the meeting was over. I could not get a cab because
others stopped the cabs a block or more from the church door. A
young man whom I do not remember to have ever met, offered to go
and secure me a hansom, and soon returned in one and aided me to get
in. I felt touched by the very kind consideration shown for my in-
firmity, and I felt even more "touched" when I reached home and
found that I had been relieved of my pocket-book.
In trying to consider where I had probably lost it, I thought of the
distinguished rector who had asked me to sit beside him, of the great
banker who had stopped to shake hands with me, of the eminent
bishop who had given me a seat, and of the kind stranger who had
procured a hansom for me and so carefully lifted me in, and I decided
that it was altogether probable that one of these had taken my pocket-
book I
A day or two later, being at a meeting of the Board of Trustees of
the Home for Incurables, one of the members offered me his arm to
help me to my carriage. I accepted, but told him I felt some hesitancy
about accepting such offers because of my late experience, which I
then detailed. That night he dined with Bishop Potter and repeated
the story to the bishop.
On December 31st I attended a meeting of the Grand Chapter of
the Cathedral, and came in just before the meeting commenced.
Bishop Potter was seated on the dais, and came down and approached
to shake hands with me, but just as he reached me said jokingly, "No,
I don't want to have anything to do with you. After the last time we
met you accused me of stealing your pocket-book." This seemed
rather to surprise the grave and reverend assemblage, and I had to
explain by repeating the story. Of course no one would suspect the
Right Reverend Bishop of having designs on the pocket-book of any
churchman!
en?]
STOKES RECORDS
1905
January nth. My grandson Anson Phelps Stokes, 3d, was born
at 73 Elm Street, New Haven, son of Rev. Anson Phelps Stokes, Jr.
January 28th. Wrote resigning as trustee of the United States
Trust Company.^
January 30th. Sailed with wife and Mildred per steamer Moltke.
Stopped at Madeira and Gibraltar. Helen remained at the Madison
Square, wishing to continue painting in a studio she had hired at 90
Grove Street,^ adjoining the house then occupied by Carrie.
February 15th. Arrived Algiers and found there the Panhard
automobile which we had ordered in Paris five months before.
Stopped four weeks at St. George Hotel, Mustapha Superior. Later
went by automobile to ports on the north coast of Africa, across the
mountains, and to Constantine. On account of the snow,^ went thence
by train to Biskra. The road between Batna and Biskra being wtry
stony, the automobile, which followed us, stopped at Batna, which is
sixteen miles from Biskra.
After about two weeks at Biskra, we went by train to Batna, whence
we visited by automobile the remarkable ruins of Timgad, similar to,
but more extensive than, those of Pompeii. It appeared strange to be
driving in an automobile over the streets of Timgad, where the marks
of chariot wheels were still plainly visible.
Went by automobile through Tunisia to Tunis, where we visited
ruins of Carthage, etc., which I had visited with Helen in 1895. From
Tunis we went to Palermo,'' and stopped ten days at the Igeia Hotel,
where Harold and Harold Arrowsmith and Mr. Reed met us.
1 I was director in the United States Trust Company for nearly thirty years. When I
resigned my name was fourth on the list, only Messrs. John A. Stewart, Samuel Sloan and
John Harsen Rhoades having been before me on the board. The United States Trust Com-
pany was for many years the most important financial institution in our country.
" In 1908 Helen bought 90 Grove Street.
^ This snow-storm was a very unusual event in Africa.
■* When in Palermo we got news of Graham's engagement to Rose Pastor, whom he had
met at the University Settlement, where he had been living since 1902.— H. L. P. S.
KENSINGTON PALACE
Went by rail to Syracuse and Taormina. (The automobile con-
tinued on the steamer from Palermo to be repaired in Italy.)
We went by train to Naples, where the automobile met us.
April 15th. Brother James married Florence Chatfield.^
April i6th. We arrived at Amalfi.
April 1 8th. This evening at Vilatre, where we remained over-
night, on account of the puncturing of our tires. ^
April 19th. By carriage to Rome.
April 28th. In Florence, where we were joined by Miss Mar-
guerite Chapin, who went automobiling with us to Genoa, Cannes
(May 5th), and through southern France and the chateau country to
Paris.
This was a very satisfactory trip, and we enjoyed it greatly. Helen
joined us in Paris.
May 26th. Helen and I arrived at Savoy Hotel, London. Your
mother and Mildred had gone from Paris to Homburg. Harold and
Harold Arrowsmith and their tutor, Mr. Reed, having spent the win-
ter in Italy, Egypt, and Greece, and the spring in Germany, joined
Mama at Homburg.
June i6th. Helen and I dined at Kensington Palace with Princess
Louise, Duchess of Argyll, and the duke. The princess had asked us
to go with her that evening to the opera, where she usually had the
small royal box, but the great number of special ambassadors to the
Swedish royal wedding had led the Queen to send her word that she
would like the box herself that night. The duke and princess and
Captain W. Geoffrey Probert had just returned from attending the
marriage at Windsor. Captain Probert was gentleman-in-waiting to
the princess and equerry to the duke.
We were much amused at dinner by an account of a distinguished
foreign special ambassador who had come to represent his sovereign
1 See Vol. II.
^ We had four or five tires punctured this day, and suspected foul play. There was a
great railway strike, and the use of automobiles somewhat interfered with the strike, by
taking deputies to the Chamber in Rome, when the strikers had hoped to delay them.
Owing to the delay of trains, our automobile was rather overloaded with luggage and
passengers, which may have caused the unusual number of punctures.
1:119:]
STOKES RECORDS
on this occasion. He had been told after luncheon that he had better
remain until five o'clock, as Lady , a distinguished beauty, was
coming then. The nobleman, who had studied English and thought
he spoke it, replied, "I will be happy to do so, it I do not cockroach^
on your time." It was explained to him that he perhaps meant "en-
croach," upon which he said, "The word 'hencroach' also I know, but
I thought one said 'cockroach' when speaking to a man, and 'hen-
croach' when speaking to a woman."
After dinner the princess remained at table, as she was going to
take us on. I sat at her right hand, and when the tobacco was brought
I said, "Have I your Royal Highness's permission to smoke?" She
replied, "Well, Mr. Stokes, I was about to ask if you had any objec-
tion to my smoking," and took a cigarette.
A lady-in-waiting at Kensington Palace told me that she was accus-
tomed to smoke cigarettes, but for a week after first going in waiting
there she had abstained. However, on one occasion, a German lady
of distinction being present, the princess, who knew that the foreigner
smoked, took a cigarette, upon which the lady-in-waiting took one
also, and explained that she had abstained from smoking, not knowing
the princess approved of it, and the princess said, "Well, I did n't
smoke for a week out of regard for you."^
After dinner the princess took us to the royal box at the Lyric
Theatre. The royal box at the Lyric is very conveniently arranged,
having a parlor and a dressing-room at the back, with a door to the
street, so that one reaches the carriage directly, without going through
the lobby.
^ The mistaken use of this word by foreigners has repeatedly been noted. When I was
cruising in the Caribbean I was surprised to receive a card of a visitor on which was
engraved "M. Cockroach." He was a French colored man, and had been a beef contractor
to the British army, and the odd name had then been given him. He had become a general
purveyor for ships, yachts, etc., and owned a steam-yacht.
2 The princess has shown much interest in my godson, Inyr Roger Hilton Probert. When
he was stopping with his parents at Kensington Palace, Princess Louise offered to put him to
bed one night when Captain and Mrs. Probert were out. The little boy found fault with
the bed and with the window curtains, etc., and kept the princess a long time waiting on
him. The next morning she told Mrs. Probert how restless he had seemed. Roger ex-
plained to his mother, "That was the only way I could keep her by me." I think he will
make a courtier. Mrs. Probert is sometimes in waiting on the princess.
1:120]
LETTER FROM PRINCESS LOUISE, DUCHESS OF ARGYLL
1 90s
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1/
GENEALOGY
June 17th. Went by automobile to Chelmsford.
June 1 8th. Lunched with the Prbberts at Bures, and went to see
Inyr Roger Hilton Probert, my godson, at his dame's school near
Copford Hall, and called on the Reelings at Colne. Mrs. Keeling is
a first cousin of Captain W. Geoffrey Probert.
June 20th. Dined at Lady Braye's, Buckingham Gate.
June 2ist. Saw Sir William Henry White by appointment, and
showed him my sketch plans which I had just finished for the Im-
proved Cerberus. He appeared to take much interest in these plans,
and proposed to nominate me for associate membership in the Insti-
tution of Naval Architects. (I was elected at the next meeting.) Sir
William had lately resigned as chief constructor of the British navy,
in which position he had designed most of the British battle-ships
extant in 1905. He was not the Sir William White, the English am-
bassador, whom I had met at Constantinople.
June 22d. It being "Cup day," Helen and I went by automobile to
Ascot, and thence to Jack-of-Newbury Inn, Newbury, Berkshire,
where Mr. Withington ' joined us. This inn, and some others in Wilt-
shire, are named after John Wiscomb of Newbury, the celebrated
clothier* who was a friend of Henry VIII and who made a great
fortune in the cloth trade. The king visited him. In the church op-
posite the inn is a tablet to the memory of Benjamin Woodbridge.
June 23d. Ill with sciatica night and morning. Went in afternoon
to Devizes.
June 24th. With Mr. Withington to Bath.
June 25th. Sunday at Bath.
June 26th. To a number of places connected with Stokes name,
including Yate, and returned to Bath.
June 27th. To Chippenham.
Helen and I and Mr. Withington took this English automobile
^ Mr. Lothrop Withington is a distinguished genealogist whom I employed for years, he
having been recommended to me by Mr. Henry F. Waters.
- The term "clothier," until recent years, meant maker or seller of cloth, not maker or
seller of clothes. See Vol. I, p. 43.
1:121]
STOKES RECORDS
tour for the purpose of seeing church records, etc., regarding the
Stokes family.
June 28th. Returned to London. Wife and Mildred and Harold,
and Harold Arrowsmith, arrived at Savoy Hotel at same time that
we did.
July 5th. Sailed with wife, Helen, Mildred, Harold and Harold
Arrowsmith, per Cedric, from Liverpool.
July 13th. Arrived New York.
July 14th. Arrived Brick House, Noroton.
July 15th, Saturday. Homestead at Lenox burned.
July i8th. Graham married Rose Harriet Pastor^ at St. Luke's
Church, Noroton, Connecticut.
1 See Vol. IV, Appendix M. She was born in Augustowo, Russia, of Russian parentage,
but had lived in this country since her childhood. Her father's name was Jacob Weislander,
but she took her stepfather's name of Pastor when her mother married again.
When revising this book for the press in July, 1913, I wrote asking Graham for a list
of the boards on which he had served, and the societies to which he belonged, and received
the following letter in reply.
"Dear Mother: "Caritas Island, July 30, '13.
"I am afraid I can't remember all the boards that I have been a member of, for there
were a great many of them, but those which follow were perhaps the most important of
them. Of all the societies, etc., which I here name, I was a member of the governing board
during many years:
People's Institute.
League for Political Education.
City Club.
Civil Service Reform Association.
Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor.
University Settlement Society.
Outdoor Recreation League. ,
New York Prison Association.
Municipal Art Society.
New York Juvenile Asylum.
Federation of Churches and Christian Workers.
Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute.
Armstrong Association.
Hartley House (1897 to date).
New York Child Labor Committee (about two years only).
Intercollegiate Socialist Society.
"In 1904-5 I was treasurer of the National Conference of Charities and Correction;
and in 1905 (I think, but shall have to look up date at the oiSce) I was commissioned by
the Department of State as one of three delegates to represent the United States at the
International Prison Congress, but could not go.
"In 1904 I was candidate of the Populist (People's) Party for presidential elector.
MRS. J. G. PHELPS STOKES
1913
No. 230 MADISON AVENUE
VIEW FROM 230 MADISON AVENUE
This view, taken from my mother's dressing-room window at 230 Madison Avenue, on March
6, 1915, shows conditions almost exactly as they existed and as I remember them forty-five
years ago. The only changes which have taken place in this interval are the removal of the
spire of the Old South Church, and the erection of the Belmont Hotel on Forty-second Street.
This is probably one of the very few points in the old city that have changed so little in the
past half century. I. N. P. S.
THE ULTIMA
August and part of July at Birch Island.
This autumn Mr. John Burns was stopping with Robert Hunter,
and they came to luncheon at Brick House, and we went by boat
around the island that Graham had lately bought, and on which he
afterwards built.^
August 9th. Attended dinner of Society of Naval Architects and
Marine Engineers to Prince Louis of Battenberg, C.F.G. I had en-
tertained at dinner, some years before at the Knickerbocker Club, his
brother, whom I had also met several times in London.
November i6th. I read before the Society of Naval Architects
and Marine Engineers a paper on The Ultima, a Globuloid Naval
Battery.^
December. Shadow Brook house, with 358 acres, was sold to
Spencer P. Shotter. Deed signed 22d January, 1906.^
"In 1905 was vice-chairman of the Municipal Ownership League, and candidate of the
League for president of the Board of Aldermen in New York.
"During first half of 1906 was vice-president of the Independence League (the State
organization, succeeding the Municipal Ownership League, which was purely municipal).
"Joined Socialist Party in 1906.
"Member of National Executive Committee of Socialist Party, 1908.
"Candidate of Socialist Party for Assembly (lower house, New York State Legislature)
same year.
"Member of State Executive Committee of Socialist Party in Connecticut, 191 1.
"Nominee of Socialist Party in Stamford for mayoralty of Stamford, 1912. Nomination
being attacked by opponents on ground of technical 'non-residence,' withdrew, and accepted
nomination from same party (Socialist) as candidate for Assembly (lower house of Con-
necticut Legislature).
"Spent about six weeks at University Settlement (then known as Neighborhood Guild)
on Delancey Street in summer of 1895. When settlement moved to Eldridge Street I
returned, spending several weeks there in summer of 1897. Returned again in summer of
1902 and remained until summer of 1905. Lived at 47 Norfolk Street, autumn, 1905,
to summer of 1907.
"Member of Squadron 'A,' N. G. N. Y., 1896-1901. „„ , .
Your loving son. ,._, „
He was also president of the Nevada Central Railroad, president of the Woodbridge Com-
pany, and vice-president of the Wyllys Company.— H. L. P. S.
^ Caritas Island, near Stamford, Connecticut.
2 Printed with thirteen illustrations in the Proceedings of the society. In the full paper,
as printed by the society, may be found summaries of weights and measures, additional
plates, charts and curves of resistance, curves of effective horse-power, and curves of change
of lever, etc. See Vol. IV, Appendix M, for description.
He gave much time for several years to planning and designing this battery. — H. L. P. S.
^ We retained the farm buildings with about 400 acres. The farm-house I afterwards
altered, and Anson and Carol have occupied it during the summer months.— H. L. P. S.
[:i23:
STOKES RECORDS
January 6th. Twelfth Night festival at Century Club.
January 7th. The new chapel given by my sisters to Berea College,
Kentucky, was dedicated.
January 13th. Began to live again at No. 230 Madison Avenue,
southwest corner Thirty-seventh Street (formerly called 20 East
Thirty-seventh Street), which Mama had bought back upon selling
No. 229 Madison Avenue to Mr. J. Pierpont Morgan. No. 229
(since called 231) had been our winter home for about sixteen years.
No. 230 had been given my wife by her father,^ and it had been sold
later when our family became rather large for it. But most of our
children being married, it was big enough for us now. Our large
house at Noroton is only two hours distant by automobile. I have to
go south or abroad during the coldest weather, and we spend very
little of the year in town.
February 7th. Sailed per Caronia with wife, Mildred, Miss Lui-
sita Leland, and Anson's^ baby and nurse. On board were Mr.
Eugene Delano, Miss Delano, Mr. and Mrs. W. D. Sloane and Mr.
and Mrs. Twombly.
March loth. Arrived at Genoa, where we found Anson and Carol
with our automobile, and went to Grand Hotel, Nervi.
March 15th. Went by automobile to Cannes, going to live at the
Villa St. George, Californie, which we hired. Later was treated by
Doctor Burchard. Anson and Carol and little Anson stopped with us
at Villa St. George before going to Berlin.
We greatly enjoyed automobiling along the neighboring coasts of
Toulon, etc., and among the Alpes Maritimes.
"^ After my mother died we lived with Father at 229 Madison Avenue, until his second
marriage in 1868, and then we moved to 20 East Thirty-seventh Street, which he bought and
gave to me.— H. L. P. S.
2 It being Anson's sabbatical year at Yale, he and Carol had gone earlier to spend a few
weeks at St. Moritz, as Anson had a troublesome cough. — H. L. P. S.
AUTOMOBILING
March 29th. Phelps Stokes Hunter was born at 230 Madison
Avenue, where Carrie and Robert were spending the winter with
Helen.
Latter part of April left Cannes, and went by automobile to Cap
Martin and across the Alps by Col de Tenda to Turin and Milan.
April 27th. Left Milan and arrived at Como by automobile.
April 28th. By boat to Bellagio. We went thence in automobile
by Brenner Pass to Meran, Innsbruck, Stuttgart and Munich.
May — . Arrived Baden Baden by automobile. Hotel Stephanie.
Then went to Frankfort, where Miss Leland left us.
May i6th. Arrived Hanover by automobile, and saw Sarah at Doc-
tor Van Kamp's clinic, where she was to undergo an operation, which
was successfully performed a few days later.
Went by automobile to Hartzburg, Eisenach, etc.
June 2d. Arrived by automobile at Ritter's Villa, which we had
hired at Ritter's Park Hotel, Homburg.
June 4th. Robert and Carrie and their two babies arrived.
During June we did much automobiling about Homburg and to
the Rhine, etc. Mama and I took the cure.
June 28th. Helen and Mabel Slade arrived. They had been in
Spain.
July 4th. Helen and I went by automobile to Braunfels and to
Hanover, where we saw Sarah, and the next day we went to Bonn,
where we met Mama on her way to Hanover. We stopped a couple
of days together. Helen and I then went by automobile through
Belgium and via Boulogne and Folkestone to Savoy Hotel, London,
and Mama, after a visit to Sarah, returned to Homburg to finish her
cure.
In going from Folkestone to London I had planned to stop at Wal-
worth to see the tomb of my great-grandfather, James Boulter, etc.,
but our automobile broke down before we reached Tunbridge Wells.
A gentleman living in the neighborhood kindly sent horses to have
our machine moved out of the road to a place of safety, and another
Englishman who lived in Tunbridge Wells, coming along in his auto-
1:1253
STOKES RECORDS
mobile, carried us about ten miles to a railway station, where we took
the train for London.
We lunched at Mrs. Arthur James's, and called at Kensington
Palace.
Julv 17th. Lunched with Ambassador Whitelaw Reid at Dor-
chester House.
Dined at Kensington Palace with Princess Louise and the Duke of
Argyll and a pleasant party. After dinner had music and remained
late.
I noticed that most of the ladies smoked after dinner. One of
them. Lady . told me that she always smoked a cigar before going
to bed, and found it made her sleep well.
While in London we repeatedly saw Mr. Lothrop Withington re-
garding genealogical matters. We drove to Brixton, where I failed
to determine the exact house where I had seen my great-aunt Mrs.
Rutland, in i860. The level of the road, etc., had been changed. I
had not with me the written address, thinking I could drive at once to
the house. But we used up so much time looking for it that I again
failed to visit the tomb of my great-grandfather, James Boulter, at
Sl Peters, Walworth.
Mr. Withington returned to me the large lot of old Stokes wills and
deeds which Mr. R. X. Hooper of Stanshawes Court had kindly
loaned to me the vear before, and which had been left, with Mr.
Hooper's approval, with Mr. Withington to have photographs made
from some of them. Mr. Withington delivered to me these photo-
graphs, and photographs of numerous parish registers which he had
had made for me.
Julv. Helen and I went by automobile to the west of England.
Stopped overnight with Mr. Hooper at Stanshawes.^ I returned to
him the original Stokes wills and deeds which he had loaned me. He
offered to give these to me. but I told him I wanted first to find full
^ Mr. F. F. Fox, an antiquarian who lives near Sranshawes, came to dinner. He is
descended from Betsy Rudge. See p. 137.
[:i26]
BIRCH ISLAND
BIRCH ISLAND
Main Cabin
BIRCH ISLAND
Main Cabin
BIRCH ISLAND
Main Cabin Porch
LIVERPOOL
legal proof of my descent from the Stanshawes Stokeses, who had
signed these papers, and I now hoped soon to have this.' He said
he would keep them in his safe, and that I could have them at any
time.^
July 24th. Wife and Mildred arrived from Hanover at Savoy
Hotel, where Helen and I arrived about same time.
Later we went in automobile through England and Wales to Liver-
pool.
At Liverpool Helen and I went to Beaconsfield, Much Woolton,
to call on Mrs. Daniel James, but were unable to see her. We learned
from the housekeeper that she was very ill and that the doctor was
with her.
Beaconsfield, a fine place at Much Woolton, about eight miles from
Liverpool Exchange, was bought by my uncle, Daniel James, shortly
before he died. He became an English citizen to enable him to hold
real estate. Soon after an act of Parliament authorized the holding
of real estate in Great Britain by aliens.
Helen and I had dined with Mrs. James at Beaconsfield some years
before.
August ist. Sailed from Liverpool per S. S. Oceanic.
August 8th. Arrived in New York, and went to Brick House, and
then to camp, where we found the new house. This handsome build-
ing had been designed, and the plans drawn, by my wife, who also
successfully designed the boat-house and other buildings without the
aid of any architect. She had much to do with planning both Shadow
Brook and Brick House. The half-timbered style of Shadow Brook
House and cottages was her suggestion. I think Newton has inherited
much of his architectural taste and ability from his mother.
August 20th. This was the sixtieth anniversary of my wife's birth.
' Later searches indicate that Father was more probably descended from another branch
of the Stokes family.— H. L. P. S.
^ In 1908 he told me he had decided that it would be best to retain them in his possession,
but accessible to me at any time. This arrangement appeared to me quite proper.
STOKES RECORDS
and we had a dinner party in honor of the occasion. I proposed the
following toast:
"Time that writes ruin on each mortal brow,
The soul's expressions hath no power to harm,
Their youth is stamped with an eternal now,
The lapse of years but consecrates their charm.
Thus, gracious presence, this thy sixtieth year
Makes thee to our admiring eyes appear
But sixty times more lovely and more dear.
"With apologies to the poet, Thomas Rhoades (I think), whose verse I have altered
to fit this occasion, I ask you all to join me in drinking to the health and every happiness
of the best of mothers, the best of grandmothers and the best of wives." ^
October loth. Anson and Carol's son, Isaac Newton Phelps
Stokes, 2d, born at New Haven.
November 13th. Resigned from the Board of Diocesan Missions.
November. With brother Thomas, who was visiting us at Brick
House, went in our new Delaunay-Belleville automobile to visit Aunt
Jane (Mrs. Anson Greene Phelps) at Tarrytown.
November — . Injury to our Delaunay-Belleville automobile.
Chauffeur got drunk and struck the Stamford chief of police in the
face. The chief did not carry a club, but other policemen came to his
aid and arrested the chauffeur, who had tried to make the automobile
go over a wall, on the other side of which there was a drop of twelve
feet. At his trial he said he "had taken only two drinks of whisky, but
had probably taken too much quinine for his cold"!
November 24th. Newton and Edith arrived from England, bring-
ing with them a very attractive little English girl, one year old, whom
they had decided to adopt, as they had no child of their own. Her
name is Helen Phelps Stokes.^
November 25th. Thanksgiving day. Brothers Thomas and Wil-
liam, and William's son, Weddie, at Brick House.
In December moved to New York.
Bought a Packard automobile.
December 6th. Mr. John Harsen Rhoades died.
^ See reference in letter from B. H., page i66.— H. L. P. S.
^ She was born in India, October 28, 1905, the fourth and youngest daughter of Major
Maldion Byron Bicknell, R.A., of Barcombe House, Barcombe, Sussex, and Mildred Bax-
Ironside, his wife. The consent to the adoption was signed by the parents in India on July
20, 1907, and the adoption papers were issued by Surrogate Thomas in New York, Janu-
ary 14, 1908.
D28]
1 1
1 1
ESTATE OF I. N. PHELPS
December 8th. I appointed Mr. Edward W. Sheldon to take the
place of Mr. Rhoades as trustee of the I. N. Phelps Estate, as I had in
1897 appointed Newton to take the place of Mr. William P. St. John,
according to the powers given me by the will of my father-in-law,
which contains an unusual clause authorizing me, in case of any
trustee dying or resigning, to appoint a successor.
Before appointing Mr. Sheldon, I ofTered the place to Graham,
who declined because of his socialistic views.' He thus sacrificed
1 Graham joined the Socialist Party this year, and the following extract from a published
letter by him explains his reasons for doing so :
"... I feel that the time has come when I, as an individual, can be of most service in
the cause of democracy by cooperating, so far as I may, with those who are devoting them-
selves directly to the task of awakening wider recognition of what they and I believe to be
a more basic evil than those which you and I have been attacking hitherto.
"I have long been a believer in the philosophy of Socialism. Hitherto I have refrained
from cooperating with the Socialist Party, owing to the intense bitterness and ill-will
manifested by many Socialists toward nearly all persons who approve and support the
capitalist system, and owing to what seemed to me the gross materialism, economic and
otherwise, of very many Socialists. I have long recognized that material welfare alone
is insufficient, and that material things are valuable only in so far as they are means to life
and to the attainment of happiness and righteousness.
"I failed to see that the bitterness and ill-will referred to were in no way chargeable to
the Socialist philosophy, but were the result of monopoly, extortion, and oppression, habitu-
ally practised by prominent beneficiaries of the capitalist system.
"It has required a vast amount of accumulated evidence to convince me that it is, and
for long has been, impossible for the average worker to secure such material things as are
necessary for his welfare and advancement, and this in consequence of exploitation of his
labor by privileged persons who take for their own enjoyment a large portion of the product
of his toil.
"I have been long in perceiving clearly that there are two chief economic classes in Amer-
ica as elsewhere — those whose poverty compels them to produce more than they require
for their own maintenance and those whose wealth enables them to control and consume
more than they produce and more than they render proportionate service in exchange for;
that the reward of the former class is invariably less than the value of its product, whereas
the reward or income of the latter class is greatly in excess of the value of its product and
bears no proportionate relation to the value of the service it renders.
"I have learned but gradually the injustice of the situation which confronts the average
worker. Honest and earnest men and women by hundreds and thousands suffer privation
and want, although surrounded by prosperity and plenty, and owe their suffering chiefly to
the monopolization of the land and of the machinery of production by the few exclusively
for the purpose of private gain; access to the land and machinery being denied unless the
workers will produce enough, not merely for their own support, but for the maintenance of
the idle and luxurious as well. This is, to my mind, a great injustice, and one that demands
early remedy. Personally I can no longer refrain from making every endeavor to arouse
tecognition of it.
"Incidentally I have observed that under our present industrial system pauperism prevails
as widely among the rich as among the poor, a pauper being one who through disability or
disinclination for self-support by useful service is supported at the expense of the people.
"I would not have it thought that I disapprove of capital. On the contrary, I regard
ni293
STOKES RECORDS
$20,000* fee on account of capital of the estate, and about $2000 per
annum on account of income.
December 9th. Elected lieutenant-governor of the New York So-
ciety of Colonial Wars.
1907
January. Went to Baltimore, where we found Sarah in her apart-
ment at the Marlborough. She was better, but thought it best to
remain where she could be under the care of Doctor Kelly.
Went to St. Augustine, where we spent the night; and the next day
to Palm Beach, where we had hired one of the hotel cottages. Miss
Hankey came with us. Both Helen and Mildred visited us later.
Our winter was rather uneventful. I think I was benefited by the
quiet and the mild climate.
We returned to New York in April, stopping on our way north at
Ormond and Camden and at Baltimore. We remained in New York
for a time on account of the serious illness of Mrs. Phelps, whom we
found very resigned to the near prospect of death.
Mrs. Phelps died 3 ist May.^
Ethel Stokes Hoyt born, June 25th, at Rowayton, Connecticut.
capital as necessary at present to the public welfare, but as so harmful when used selfishly
that its complete control by the people, collectively, is essential.
"I know how difficult it is to arouse recognition of the practicability of such collective
ownership among persons who derive benefits from the present system, and especially among
such as labor exclusively for personal profit, or who spend in idleness the products of others'
toil. I am furthermore aware that the majority of those who uphold the present system,
do so in the belief or in the assumption that it is a fair and just one.
"I believe that I can aid many to see that 'Capitalism' (as distinguished from the collec-
tive ownership of capital) is fundamentally unjust and harmful, and that its cost in need-
less human suffering is stupendous. I believe also that I can aid in pointing out a better
and fairer way of supplying the needs of humanity.
"I intend offering my services to the Socialist Party. Either with them or as a wholly
independent citizen, I shall strive to promote recognition of the fact, in which I believe,
that the so-called capitalist system, as such, is indefensible ethically and disastrous indus-
trially through the inescapable wage slavery to which it leads, and that it must be sup-
planted by a more righteous system of cooperation and mutual aid."
' Amount of fee fixed in Mr. Phelps's will. - See Vol. I, p. 250.
D303
^ = ^ -
ffi " £.
.■§2 5
FAMILY WEDDINGS
Helen and I left Birch Island' before the others to visit my sisters
at Poland Springs. Our automobile met us at Burlington on Lake
Champlain. The weather being very wet, we went by train to Bret-
ton Woods, where we found Willis James too ill to see me.
We went to Poland Springs to see my sisters, whom we found com-
fortably settled. We remained until they left for Paris, Maine, and
then we went in the automobile to Lake Winnepesaukee, to Marble-
head, Boston and Providence, where we heard of the death of Willis
James on September 13th. We spent the following Sunday at New
London, then went on to Brick House.
Went to Willis James's funeral in New York, September 24th, but
returned shortly to Noroton, where we remained until we removed to
New York in December.
Louis Slade married, October 12th, Caroline McCormick, daugh-
ter of William G. and Eleanor (Brooks) McCormick of Baltimore.
October 22d. Mildred was married to Doctor Ransom Spafard
Hooker, son of Horace Monroe and Asenath (Spafard) Hooker of
Cooperstown, New York, at St. Luke's Church, Darien, Connecticut.
December 7th. Mabel Slade was married, in New York, to W.
Reierson Arbuthnot, Jr., of London, son of W. Reierson Arbuthnot
of Plaw Hatch, Surrey.
1908
January 9th. Anson's daughter, Olivia Egleston Phelps Stokes,
born at New Haven.
February 3d. St. Paul's Chapel, Columbia University, opened.^
February 15th. Left New York with wife, per S. S. Cedric^ for
the Azores, Madeira and Naples. John and Ethel and little Anson
Hoyt were with us.
^ We went, as usual, to camp for midsummer, where we had a large family gathering.
(See photograph.) Sometimes we had between forty and fifty in camp, including servants
and guides.
2 This chapel was designed by Howells & Stokes, and built by Olivia and Caroline
Stokes in memory of their parents and grandparents. "The Archbishop of Canterbury
performed the act of benediction at the breaking of ground on September 28, 1904, and on
October 31st of same year, as a part of the exercises attending the celebration of the one
hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the founding of King's College, the corner-stone was
laid."-H. L. P. S.
3 We had planned a tour of the Mediterranean, leaving January 12th, visiting Egypt,
STOKES RECORDS
February 28th. Arrived at Naples, and stopped at Bertolini's.
March 4th. Mama and I left Naples in our new Packard auto-
mobile and went to Frascati.
March 5th. Arrived Rome. Excelsior Hotel. Ethel and John,
who had come by another route in their Panhard from Naples, ar-
rived the same day. Miss Hankey met us at Rome.
March 6th. Went by automobile around Lake Bracciano, and vis-
ited numerous towns in the Italian hill country, arriving Saturday,
March 14th, at Siena.
March i6th, Monday. Went to Pisa, via Montepulciano and San
Gimignano.
March 17th. John's party started from Genoa, and Mama and
Miss Hankey and I went to Florence.
March 20th. John, Ethel and Anson Hoyt arrived at Florence.
March 22d. Hoyt party left in their automobile this evening for
Nice.
March 24th. Went by automobile to Bologna.
March 25th. To Modena and back.
March 26th. Left Hotel Brun, Bologna, had lunch at Ferrara,
and went to Mestre, where we took gondola for Venice. Graham and
Rose, who had been cruising in the Mediterranean, arrived at Hotel
Brun at i A.M. We left at 10 A.M., not knowing they were there. They
joined us at Venice.
March 30th, Monday. From our balcony at hotel saw Emperor
William and Empress of Germany and children. He was steering a
seven-oared gig from his' yacht.
Palestine, Greece, etc., but Papa was very poorly, sufEering from abnormal blood pressure,
dizziness, etc., and the doctor feared apoplexy and advised us not to go. However, I felt
so sure that the change of scene and open air and the gentle exercise would benefit him
(as he had always been much benefited by his motor trips abroad), that I told Doctor James
I felt it would be much wiser to take the risk and go rather than to let Father feel he was
a confirmed invalid. "Very well," he replied, "as you know all the conditions and are
willing to take the responsibility', go; but take some of the family with you and settle down
quietly at some place on the Riviera, where you can have a good doctor." Father began to
improve immediately we were on the steamer, and the Improvement continued steadily, so
that instead of settling down, we made the extensive tour described in the text, and we
did not tell him until months after how serious his condition had been. — H. L. P. S.
ni323
MRS. RANSOM SPAFARD HOOKER
In wedding dress
ST. PAUL'S CHAPEL
Presented to Columbia University by my sisters Olivia E. P. Stokes
and Caroline Phelps Stokes
DALMATIA
March 31st. Went to Mestre by gondola, and took our automobile
for Trieste. Graham and Rose with us.
April I St. ToAbbazia.
April 2d. By automobile over Monte Maggiore to Pola.
April 3d. Returned to Abbazia by lower road.
April 6th, Monday. To Fiume. Graham and Rose took the auto-
mobile to Zengg and to Zara. Wife and Miss Hankey and I went by
steamer to Cirkvenica, and the next day to Zengg. We intended to
go on by automobile, but Graham telegraphed from Zara that the
roads were too bad, the season being very late and cold.
April loth. Returned to Fiume. Met Graham and Rose, who
gave us an interesting account of their trip over the mountain to Zara
and back. The automobile had to be dug twice out of the snow, and
they carried men part of the way for this purpose.
April 13th, Monday. Left Fiume by steamer for Ragusa and Cat-
taro.
April 14th. Did not go ashore at Ragusa in the morning. Went on
to Cattaro and returned to Ragusa that evening. The sea was very
rough. For description of this trip, ask Mama!
April i6th. Had planned to call on Adrian Stokes, R.A., who lives
at Ragusa, but Graf Colloredo-Mansfeld called and remained until
it was time for us to go in the evening to the steamer. Colloredo-
Mansfeld^ was in command of the Austrian destroyer then at Ragusa,
and had heard that we were at the hotel. Had an interesting talk with
him about Nassau and yachting, and about Mr. Batna, who was oc-
cupying an important position at Vienna (he was, I think, secretary
to the Admiralty). We left a day earlier than we had intended, as
there was an unexpected opportunity to go by an extra steamer and
the weather was fine. Mama did not like to risk another rough voy-
age in one of the small coasters in which we had come to Ragusa, so
we hurried off, and I was unable to see Mr. Adrian Stokes. There is
no carriage road to his house, which is on the side of a steep hill in the
1 See p. 85.
1:1333
STOKES RECORDS
town. Graham and Rose here left us for Sarajevo, Budapest, Paris
and home.
April 17th. Arrived at Fiume. The coast is very interesting but
barren, and I would not like to live in a country which is practically
without grass or cows. I find it somewhat difficult to understand why
Diocletian, when he gave up ruling, should have selected the Dal-
matian coast to live on. His palace at Spalato was the finest private
residence ever constructed. A large part of the city has since been
built in this old palace.^
April 1 8th. By automobile to Trieste. John and Ethel and their
son Anson sailed this day from Liverpool for home.
April 19th, Easter Monday. At Trieste.
April 20th. By automobile to Udine.
April 2 1 St. To Verona.
April 22d. To Milan.
April 23d. To Hotel Villa d'Este, Como.
April 25th. By automobile to Lugano and back.
April 27th, Monday. To Excelsior Hotel, Varese, and to Milan.
Were detained at Milan by the illness of my valet. Barton,^ who had
ptomaine poisoning.
April 29th. To Bellagio and back to Milan.
April 30th. To Allasio.
May I St. At the Park Hotel, Cannes.
May 2d. Helen and Miss Breen arrived.
May 7th. By automobile to Marseilles.
May 8th. To Montpellier and to Carcassonne.
May 9th. To Mirepoix, to Aries and to Luchon.
May nth, Monday. To Bigorre.
May 1 2th. To Pau.* Hotel de France.
May 1 6th. To Biarritz.
May 19th. To San Sebastian, Spain.
^ We regretted not being able to visit Spalato, Zara and other interesting places on the
coast, but the hours of arrival and departure of steamers were very inconvenient and hotels
too uncomfortable for Father. — H. L. P. S.
^ He had been our butler for sixteen years, and was my valet when I went abroad.
2 Miss Hankey left us at Pau, having friends to visit there.
1:134:
GLION
May 20th. To Arcachon.
May 2 1 St. To Rochefort.
May 22d. To Nantes.
May 23d. To Dinard.
May 25th, Monday. To Caen, to Bayeux, where we saw the
tapestry, and to Rouen.
May 27th. To Chartres and to Paris. Hotel d'Albe.
May 31st, Sunday. Rev. Henry D. Mesney and his wife, Melissa
Atterbury Mesney, my cousin, took luncheon with us. He is assistant
at Holy Trinity.
June 3d. Dined at Bellevue.
June 8th, Monday. Helen went to London to visit her cousin, Mrs.
Mabel Slade Arbuthnot. We left Paris, lunched at Fontainebleau,
and went to Auxerre.
June 9th. Lunched at Autun, and to Macon.
June loth. Lunched at Nantua and went to Geneva.
June I ith. To Sixt, and back to Geneva. Burst four tires this day.
June 13th. To Glion, and to Palace Hotel, Montreux. Found
Glion very greatly altered, as it is now a common tourist resort, with
many small shops, etc. My principal interest in the place was that
my father and mother and my brother James and sisters had spent six
months at Glion in 1868.^ Father had greatly enjoyed this visit, and
talked often of it and of the interesting people he had met there. The
views of the Alps are very fine from Glion, very similar to those from
Montreux, where we found a much better hotel.
June 15th, Monday. Went to Yverdon and to Berne.
June i6th. To Thun, Lauterbrunnen and Grindelwald, and to
Interlaken.
June 17th. National Hotel, Lucerne, where Helen rejoined us.^
June 27th. Arrived Baden.
June 29th, Monday.^ Arrived Homburg. Ritter's Hotel.
July. Harold arrived.
July 17th. Mr. R. N. Hooper of Stanshawes, with his stepdaugh-
ter, Mrs. Holmes a Court, of Stone, Gloucestershire, dined with us.
^ See Vol. I, p. 203. 2 Miss Breen left us here.
^ Caroline Hunter born at Highland Farm, June 29th.
O35I
STOKES RECORDS
July 27th. Helen and I took train at Homburg for Frankfort.
Had sent on our automobile to meet us at Dover. Mama and Harold
remained at Homburg to finish their cures.
July 28th, 12.42 A.M. Left Frankfort and went via Ostend to
Dover, where we saw the Dover Pageant, which was well done, and
went to Lord Warden's Hotel.
July 29th. To Savoy Hotel, London.
August I St. By automobile to Brighton.
August 3d, Monday. To Tunbridge Wells, Walworth, and Savoy
Hotel, London. At Walworth tried to get information about my
great-aunts Mrs. Rutland and Mrs. Lee. Fixed approximately Mrs.
Rutland's house, and went to 129 Brixton Hill. As it was a legal
bank holiday, we did not go into the house.
The present rector. Rev. A. J. Waldron, lives at 67 Brixton Hill.'
August 7th. Mr. Withington called.
August 8th. Went with Helen and Mr. Withington to St. George's
in the East and to Wapping. Mama arrived this evening.
August I ith. Harold arrived.
August 1 2th. To Bevill's Bures, Suffolk, where we spent the night
with the Proberts. Helen and Harold were interested in meeting
Prince Kropotkin, who was living in a small old cottage on the
Probert place. The Proberts had lately restored this cottage and
others.
August 13th. To Earl's Colne, Cambridge, and Angel Inn, Mar-
ket Harborough.
August 14th. To Lord Braye's, where we had luncheon, and then
to Coton House, Warwick, and Oxford. Found the Brayes about
leaving for a visit to Mexico. Although a Roman Catholic, he is lay
rector of the Established Church at Stanford, which he has been re-
storing at considerable expense. The Arthur Jameses were in the
south of England.
August 15th. To Great Bedwyn, where Harold photographed the
tomb of Adam de Stok,- and to Seend, where we saw Mr. Schomberg,
and to Devizes. _^^
1 See Vol. I, p. 169. - See Vol. I, p. 58.
1:1363
MRS. I. N. PHELPS STOKES
STANSHAWES
August 1 6th, Sunday. To Church at Seen d. Met the rector In the
churchyard. He at once recognized me. At the communion service
he and his assistant brought the sacred elements down to the pew
where I sat.
August 17th. To Stanshawes, where we had luncheon with the
Hoopers and Mrs. Hooper's youngest daughter. Went to Yate
church, where Harold photographed the Stokes monument. We also
called on the Rev. Mr. Ford and his wife.
August 1 8th. To Gloucester, where we found the tomb of Betsy
Rudge^ and her husband, James Rudge.
August 19th. To Matlock and to Liverpool.
August 20th, Thursday. Sailed from Liverpool, per Baltic.
August 28th. Arrived New York.
August 29th. By automobile to Noroton, where we enjoyed visits
from Newton, Ethel and Carrie and their families. Robert and
Graham were much interested in their campaigns for seats in the
Assembly. They were running on the Socialist ticket and were not
elected.
Helen was active in Consumers' League work, and in fitting and
furnishing her new house, No. 90 Grove Street, which Graham had
hired from her for the winter.
Went by automobile with wife to Port Jervis, Forestburg- and
Philadelphia.
September 4th. Ransom Spafard Hooker, Jr., born at 160 East
Thirty-ninth Street.
We spent the autumn at Brick House, Noroton, and December at
230 Madison Avenue.
1 Probablj' daughter of Richard Stokes of Calne, Wilts, and of Stanshawes, Gloucester.
See Vol. I, pp. 40 and 41.
The will of Richard Stokes, Jr., of Stanshawes, parish of Yate, 1782, reads: "All my
estate in Stanshawes to my brother Thomas Stokes, gentleman (to whose birthright it
properly belongs), and to his only son Thomas Stokes, gentleman, except the leasehold
(dean and chapter lands), some others occupied by me, my said brother and James Rudge
being other part of this said premises charged with payment to Mr. Daniell Ludlow . . .
subject to certain payments and also to paying to my dear Betsy the now wife of the said
Rudge £60. . . . My brother and sister executors." "Proved 24 January 1783 by Thomas
Stokes and Betsy Rudge." See Vol. I, p. 47.
- See Vol. I, pp. 161-162.
CIS?:
STOKES RECORDS
1909
Arrived Palm Beach, January 9th, where we had an excellent cot-
tage, the Oceanic, the largest of the cottages on the ocean side.
Left Palm Beach on March 21st for St. Augustine. Arrived home
4th April, having stopped at Ormond and Pinehurst, where Harold
joined us.
April 26th. My sister Caroline Phelps Stokes died at Redlands,
California. Helen went immediately to Redlands,^ and remained
there for some time with my sister Olivia. Caroline's will made my
sister and me her executors. To facilitate our work in this connection,
Olivia decided to spend the summer near us in the Adirondacks, and
hired the house at Saranac Lake which had formerly belonged to
Sarah, and which my sisters had occupied during a previous season.
Some of the codicils of the will were informal, one of them being a
letter addressed to me, in an envelope addressed to herself, which was
sent to my office during my absence in Europe, and which I did not
see until after her death.
Caroline had spoken to me about her will, and I told her I would
be unwilling to act as trustee in a trust will, as I had had such unpleas-
ant experiences in this capacity in a number of will cases, and that I
had asked several friends to relieve me from acting as executor. She
told me afterwards that she had made her will, but when I saw it for
the first time, after her death, I was rather surprised to find I was
executor. I would gladly have renounced, but felt that I could not
do so under the circumstances. Most of the estate was given for chari-
table purposes. We were very desirous of carrying out the provisions
of the will as far as possible, and finally obtained the signatures of all
the heirs at law and trustees named in the will to an agreement which
was approved by the Supreme Court, as per decision of Justice
Gerard given in foot-note below.^
^ As Carrie had suffered for many years from gouty rheumatism, she and Oh'via went
to California for the mild climate, and they built themselves a house at Redlands, into
which they had moved only a few weeks before. — H. L. P. S.
^ "The language in the testatrix's will here is that 'after all bequests and devises here-
1:1383
BIRCH ISLAND
The Study
IIRCH ISLAND
The Boat-house
BIRCH ISLAND
Looking south
BIRCH ISLAND
Near the Tennis Couri
HAROLD PHELPS STOKES
End of June, went to the Commencement at Yale, where Harold
was graduated. I sat on the platform.^
Harold won a second Ten Eyck prize in the junior exhibition. He
was a member of the Freshman Union, of the Yale Union, and of the
University Debating Association. He contributed to the "Lit." and
was an editor of the Courant. He was a member of the Phi Beta
Kappa. In Dwight Hall work he served on the Freshman Religious
Committee, led a Bible study group, and was recording secretary of
the Young Men's Christian Association in junior year. He served on
the Senior Council and was class secretary. He was a member of the
Folio Club and a Pundit; also of Psi Upsilon and of Skull and Bones.
Harold had arranged to start with a young classmate on a trip
around the world, and my wife, Helen and I had planned to go with
him through India and Ceylon, and for this purpose had obtained a
new Delauney-Belleville automobile, but when it became apparent
that matters connected with my sister's will would make it necessary
for us to remain in this country, we decided to go to Palm Beach in
January, 1910, and my sister took a house near us there for the winter.
Harold and his classmate Allen Klots sailed September 25, 1909.
tofore shall have first been paid,' and she then directs the creation of the residuary trust
fund. It might well be claimed that she never intended that this real estate or the stock
for vi^hich it was exchanged should ever fall into the residuary fund, and that therefore
this stock should go to the next of kin and not to the trustees of the fund created in the
residuary clause. But all the heirs at law and next of kin appeared and consented to the
carrying out of this agreement. Of course the beneficiaries under the residuary trust are
so indefinite that they cannot be cited to appear before the court, and their interests must
be represented by the attornej'-general, who has been heard on this motion, and by the
court. All of the trustees have joined in this agreement, and I think that there is enough
doubt about the questions raised to justify the court in approving the agreement and direct-
ing that its provisions shall be carried out."
The seventeenth paragraph of the will directs that the executors turn over all the residu-
ary estate to eleven trustees (named in the will), "to hold the same in trust forever to consti-
tute a fund to be known as the Phelps-Stokes Fund, the interest and the net income of such
fund to be used by the trustees and their successors for the erection or improvement of
tenement house dwellings in New York City for the poor families in New York City, and
for educational purposes in the education of negroes both in Africa and the United States,
North American Indians and needy and deserving white students, through industrial schools,
. . . the foundation of scholarships and the erection or endowment of school buildings or
chapels, and I hereby direct that any and all vacancies from time to time in their body
caused by resignation or death shall be filled by appointment by the remaining trustees."
^ Later we went to camp for six weeks.
ni393
STOKES RECORDS
1910
I tried to print first volume of my notes in January of this year, but
owing to delay in getting illustrations, I could not get it from the press
until April.
Latter part of February, received news of the terrible floods in
Nevada, which destroyed so much of the Nevada Central Railroad,
in which I was largely interested. There are no records of any simi-
lar floods there. They were caused by the large amount of snow
and the sudden thaw and rain. Forty bridges were carried away or
damaged. Somewhat similar floods had occurred about the same
time in many parts of the world, including Paris, New York State,
etc.
March 12th. Graham Hoyt was born. Ethel very ill.
Miss Breen came to Palm Beach March 4th, and we spent consid-
erable time on Stokes Records, revising proofs, etc.
May 4th. With wife and Helen, left New York, per S. S. Adriatic.
May 6th. King Edward VII died. We heard of his death by
wireless the following morning.
May 1 2th. Arrived Plymouth. Our automobile, which had gone
by another vessel to London, met us here.
May 13th. Saw Mr. and Mrs. Vaughan at The Rosary, near Ash-
burton. He told us that the name Vaughan means "son of John,"
being the same as Apjohn or Abjohn. He spoke of a book De Feri-
tate by Lord Herbert of Cherbury, given to William Stokes of
Shrewsbury, who was descended from Sir Henry Herbert, brother of
Lord Herbert of Cherbury, and said that William Stokes was great-
uncle of Adrian Stokes, R.A., now of River House, Chelsea Embank-
ment, London.
May 14th. By automobile from Plymouth to Dartmoor, to Tor-
quay, and back to Plymouth.
May 15th. To Falmouth.
May 17th. To Penzance, Land's End, etc., and back to Penzance.
May 1 8th. To New Quay.
1:1403
IN ENGLAND
May 19th. To Barnstaple.
May 20th. To Lynton and Ilfracombe.
May 2ist. Through Lorna Doone country.
May 23d. To Lynton and to Bath.
May 24th. To Seend and Hilperton, and to South Wraxall.
May 25th. To Hilperton, Chelwood, Churchill, Clifton and Bath.
May 26th. To Pondford-on-Avon, to Yate and to Stanshawes,
where we saw the Hoopers.
May 27th. To Wootton Bassett, Purton, Codrington, Wapley and
Bath.
May 28th. To South Wraxall Manor, where we stopped over Sun-
day, the 29th, with Mr. Richardson Cox.
May 30th. Mama went to London to see her cousin, Mrs. William
Spaulding.^ Helen and I went to Salisbury.
May 31st. Helen Louisa Hunter born at Highland Farm.
We arrived London, Savoy Hotel, where we rejoined Mama and
remained until June nth, on which day I saw Mr. Benaiah Duncan
Gibb,^ and Mama and I went to Eastbourne. Helen went to visit the
Arbuthnots.
June 13th. To Battle Abbey, and back to London.
June 15th. Dined with Arbuthnots.
June i6th. To Hatfield and to Bures, where we stopped with Cap-
tain Probert.
June 17th. With Captain Probert to Levanham, a very antique
town where he had property. Thence to Halesworth and to Lowes-
toft.
June 1 8th. To Pakefield."
^ Mary Field, daughter of my mother's sister Elizabeth.— H. L. P. S.
- Mr. Gibb is a lineal descendant of the Benaiah Gibb, of Ratcliffe Highway, St. George's
in the East, London, after whom Benaiah Gibb Stokes, my husband's uncle, was named.
(SeeVol. II.)-H. L. P. S.
^ At Lowestoft and at Pakefield found interesting information regarding the families of
Halesworth, Boulter and Cleveland. (See Vol. H.) Our searches here revealed the fact
that the aunt, Mrs. William Cleveland, with whom my grandmother, Elizabeth Ann Boul-
ter, lived from early childhood, was Margaret Halesworth, a sister of Elizabeth's mother,
Mrs. James Boulter. After her death Mr. Cleveland married Elizabeth Burton, and my
grandmother continued to live with them until her marriage to Thomas Stokes. She was
the "Aunt Cleveland" referred to in Phoebe (Boulter) May's letter, Vol. I, p. 24.
STOKES RECORDS
June 20th. To Yarmouth and to Cambridge.
June 2 1 St. To Market Harborough and to Leamington.
June 22d. To Great Malvern and to Gloucester.
June 23d. To Ross, Chepstow, Tintern Abbey, Newport, Ponty-
mister, Carleon and Monmouth.
June 24th. Arrived Bath, where we found Miss Breen.
June 28th. With Helen and Miss Breen to Seend.
June 29th. To Brighton. ■
June 30th. To Folkestone.
July ist. Arrived Boulogne.
July 4th. Ostend.
July 5th. To Ghent by Bruges.
July 6th. Antwerp.
July 7th. The Hague.
July 9th. Amsterdam via Haarlem.
July nth. Van Dam and back.
July 13th. By Utrecht to Nijmegen and Arnheim.
July 14th. Cologne.
July 15th. Coblenz and Alf.
July 1 6th. Homburg, where we remained until 23d August, when
we went to Kissingen.
Harold joined us at Homburg.'
August 24th. To Wurtzburg and Rothenburg.
August 25th. Augsburg.
August 26th. Munich and Rosenheim.
August 27th. Salzburg.
September 3d. Salzburg to Gmunden.
September 5th. To Ischl and Salzburg.
September 6th. To Zell-am-see and St. Johann in Tyrol.
September 7th. Innsbruck.
September 8th. Bruneck.
^ Instead of taking steamer from Japan to San Francisco, he came by Trans-Siberian
Railroad to Warsaw, Berlin and Paris.— H. L. P. S.
[142:1
HELEN PHELPS STOKES
GENEALOGY
September 9th. Toblach, Cortina, Borca and Belluno.
September loth. Venice.
September 12th. Trent.
September 13th. Landeck and Reutte.
September i6th. Lindau.
September 17th. Zurich.
September 19th. Schaffhausen, Freiburg and Baden.
September 20th. Strassburg.
September 2 1 St. Nancy.
September 22d. Chalons.
September 23d. Saw aeroplanes on the Champ de Mars. To
Rheims and Paris, Hotel Meurice.
September 27th. To Dover, Lord Warden Hotel.
September 28th. Arrived Ritz Hotel, London.
October 4th. Sailed by Carmania.
October nth. Arrived in New York, and went to Noroton in
John's high-speed motor-yacht, the Grayling.
October 17th. To my sister's at New Canaan, and to New York in
John's automobile.^
October 1 8th. At office.
October 19th. In Ransom's automobile to Noroton.
While we were in England my daughter Helen did a lot of record
searching, and when we went to the Continent Miss Breen remained
in England searching until September 3d,- when she returned to New
York.
^ Ours not having arrived from Europe. — H. L. P. S.
2 Owing to my grandfather Thomas Stokes's connection with famous nonconformists
and with nonconformist movements in London, it appeared probable that he came from a
family of dissenters. Therefore, when we found that the head marshal of London in 1740
was Thomas Stokes, a dissenter, who had lived in a parish close to St. George's in the
East, had paid a large portion of his patrimony for his office, which he held but a few
months, and had died at the age of twenty-three, leaving a widow, it seemed likely for a time
that we had found in him the father of William Stokes, as the facts seemed to tally with
the traditions in our family regarding my great-grandfather. It now appears probable that
he was a relative. Thomas Stokes was elected head marshal, 24th June, 1740, while still
an apprentice, and obtained his freedom pursuant to order of the lord mayor and Court of
Aldermen. He paid f 1800 for the office, two thirds of which sum went to the lord mayor,
Daniel Lambert. Thomas Stokes died 3d November, 1740.
I remember hearing my father speak of Daniel Lambert, familiarly known as "Daddy"
CHS 3
STOKES RECORDS
We sent the following advertisement to the vicars and register keep-
ers of the churches in London and in the following counties: Middle-
sex, Essex, Wiltshire, Gloucestershire, Norfolk (part), Hampshire
(part), Buckinghamshire, Worcestershire, Oxfordshire, Berkshire,
Kent (part), Suffolk, Surrey, Somerset (part), Lincolnshire, Hert-
fordshire, Monmouthshire and Warwickshire:
£3 R E W A R D
Will be paid for Certified Copy of EACH of the
following Baptismal Entries:
WILLIAM STOKES,
Born in 1739.
SARAH ARNOLD,
Born in 1738.
JAMES BOULTER,
Born in 1745-7-
Mary, daughter of William Stokes and Sarah his wife, born St. George's in the East,
London, 15th October, 1763 (but not baptized at that church.)
(// received before May I, 1911)
£1 REWARD
For Certified Copy of Marriage Register of:
THOMAS STOKES of London and MARY , 1739
JOHN HALESWORTH ) ,
HAULSWORTH - """^ ELIZABETH — ,
HOLS WORTH ) '730- 1740
The above information desired concerning the family of Thomas Stokes, one of the founders
of the London Missionary Society and of the New York Bible Society. M. J. Breen, 100 William
Street, New York. Reference, Arthur Schoraberg, Esq., Editor of Wiltshire Notes & Queries,
Seend, Wiltshire, Eng.
Lambert. He told us that when Daniel Lambert was invited out to dine he was in the
habit of eating a leg of mutton before going so as to put himself on an equality with other
guests. His weight was enormous.
Marshal Stokes's father was Thomas Stokes of St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, who died in
1730, when the son was about eleven years of age. After the head marshal's marriage in
1739 to Mary , he lived at Norton Folgate, adjoining St. Leonard's. His mother,
1:1443
WILLIAM STOKES
We received numerous replies, but the only William Stokes born in
1739 was reported from Epping, Essex, as follows:
"William, son of Henry Stokes and Mary his wife, baptized July 9th, 1739."^
Also the following entry from the registers of St. Botolph's, Alders-
gate, London. This gives the only Sarah Arnold we have found
whose age approximates that of my great-grandmother.
"Sarah, daughter of Thomas Arnold and Sarah, baptized 24th July, 1737."
My great-grandfather, William Stokes,^6 aged 21, married Sarah
Arnold,^7 aged 22, July 26, 1760. It seems certain that his father was
Henry Stokes of Epping, corroborative evidence being found in the
same registers in the baptism, 1739, of William Armstrong and other
Jane Stokes, was a somewhat distinguished nonconformist, and by her will left bequests
to a number of nonconformist ministers. The head marshal's relative, probably a great-
aunt, Mary Stokes, of St. Leonard's, Shoreditch, left considerable money to the Presby-
terian church at Salters' Hall in 1710. Shoreditch is about half a mile from the Tower and
from St. George's in the East.
We have not been able to find more than a few of the early nonconformist registers.
The duties of the head marshal are recorded in a pamphlet at the Guildhall, London.
He was chief of police, attended to all proclamations, and regulated all processions. When
a new king was crowned, the custom was for the king to stop in his procession at Temple
Bar and to demand of the chief marshal permission to enter the City.
1 Further inquiry elicited the following additional information:
Baptisms:
1741, July 29, Mary, dau. of Henry & Mary Stokes.
1753, July 20, William, son of William & Grace Stokes.
1754, Oct. 23, Jane, dau. of John & Elizabeth Stokes.
1755, Mch. 3, John, son of William & Grace Stoakes.
1759, June 9, Richard, son of William & Grace Stokes.
1783, Dec. 16, Richard, son of Richard & Sarah Stokes.
1785, Aug. 22, Henry, son of Richard & Sarah Stokes.
1786, Aug. 15, Sarah, dau. of Richard & Sarah Stokes.
1787, Dec. 27, Elizabeth, dau. of Richard k Sarah Stokes.
Burials:
I739> Nov. 26, Susanna Stokes.
1 741, Sept. 6, Mary Stokes.
1749, May 24, Joshua Stokes.
1757, Jane, dau. of John & Elizabeth Stokes.
1762, July 8, William Stokes, a Publican.
1763, Oct. 26, Mary Stokes, a widow.
Marriages :
1750, Oct. 25, Thomas Rumbold and Sarah Stokes.
From Feet of Fines we learn that
John Stokes and Hannah Stokes [his wife] were living in Epping in 1744.
STOKES RECORDS
members of the Armstrong family. William Stokes, whose eldest
child was baptized at Barking in 1761/ named his youngest child
William Armstrong Stokes.
T>„.,- ARMSTRONGS OF EPPING
Baptisms:
1703. Jan. 19, John, son of John & Mary Armstrong.
1735, Apl. 5, John, son of John & Ann Armstrong.
1737,' Oct. 28, Thomas, son of John & Ann Armstrong.
1739, Feb. 3, William, son of John & Ann Armstrong.
1744, Apl. 29, Richard, son of John & Ann Armstrong.
1749, Sep. 17, Sarah, dau. of John & Ann Armstrong.
Marriages :
1734, June 9, John Armstrong and Ann Grayling, both of this parish, married by
banns.
1759, Nov. 25, Dec. 2 & 9, banns read of mar. between George Armstrong and
Sarah Couzens.
Baptisms: ARMSTRONGS OF BARKING
1 761 (1762?), Nov. 29, Thomas, son of William & Sarah Armstrong.
1764, Mch. 4, Sarah Armstrong, dau. of William.
1766, Jan. 19, William Armstrong, son of William & Sarah.
1768, Mch. 6, John Armstrong, son of William & Sarah.
1768, June 12, George, son of George & Susan Armstrong.
1769, May 14, Ann Armstrong, dau. of George & Susan.
1769, June 10, George Armstrong, son of William & Sarah.
1771, May 28, George Armstrong, son of George.
1772, July 19, Susan, dau. of George & Susan Armstrong.
1772, Nov. 29, Ann Armstrong, dau. of William & Sarah.
1773, July 14, Elizabeth, daughter of George Armstrong.
1775, Oct. 2, Mary, daughter of George and Susan Armstrong.
Marriages:
1 761, July 26, William Armstrong of the parish of Hornchurch, batchelor, and
Sarah Aley of this parish, spinster, were married at this church by banns.
In the Prerogative Court we found the following will and probate :
"Henry Stokes, merchant ship Gibraltar. Will 12 January 1740/1, proved 16 June,
1 741. All to wife Mary, executrix. Witnesses, Thomas Downing, Thomas Radclifle,
John Sharpe."
"16 June, 1 74 1. Probate of will of Henry Stokes, St. Mary, Whitechapel, late in
King's ship Rupert, H.M. service, deceased, to widow Mary Stokes." -
1 See Vol. I, p. 37-
^'The Admiralty Muster Books (series I, Nos. 3168 and 3169) show that Henry Stokes
was mustered on the Rupert as No. 384 on her book. He entered on 14th January, 1 740/1 ;
was a supernumerary for victuals only till the 27th; on the 28th he was placed among the
carpenter's crew as a volunteer (that is, not a pressed man). The muster for May follow-
ing shows his death.
The captain's log of the Rupert (No. 822) shows that vessel was commissioned at Sheer-
1:1463
BARONESS HALKETT
MILDRED'S HOUSE
December 19th. My sister started for Redlands, California, to
spend the winter at the new house that she and Carrie had built there,
and to distribute a large quantity of Carrie's books and personal ef-
fects to friends. She asked Helen to go out with her in her private
car, but Helen felt that she could not leave the duties she had to attend
to in New York.
I had renounced as executor of Carrie's will in California, being
advised that the law required executors to submit themselves in per-
son to the court there, which I was not well enough to do.
December 21st. Graham and Rose went to Upper St. Regis, as
they were both, especially Graham, suffering from severe colds. They
had to cancel many engagements which they had made to speak for
Socialism. We were very glad to find that the change of air and cli-
mate did them much good.
In December we moved to New York.*
In December we dined at Mildred's new house, 175 East Seventy-
first Street, where she had bought t^vo adjoining houses, one of which
was under lease for two years. She has since made extensive altera-
tions. The plans for alteration and the drawing of fagade were made
by Mildred, unaided by any architect.
We returned to Noroton for the Christmas holidays. Most of our
children and grandchildren dined with us on Christmas eve. On
New Year's eve we had a Christmas tree."
ness I2th September, 1740, and employed at the rendezvous procuring seamen till 26th Octo-
ber following. She remained there till 29th March, 1741, when she moved down to the
mouth of the river (Thames) ; sailed thence on the 31st, and put down the Channel; was
off the Isle of Wight 12th April; moored in Plymouth Sound on the 17th; off the Scilly
Isles 22d April till 23d May. On the 4th May she took a Spanish privateer, the St.
Anthony de Padua, with a crew of one hundred and fifty, who were transferred to the
Rupert. On the 13th May, Henry Stokes died at 3 a.m. On the same day they en-
gaged the Triumph privateer from Falmouth, each mistaking the other for a Spanish ship.
They impressed forty men out of her.
These items are all the records show about this Henry. As none below the rank of
warrant officer had widow's pension, no identification by that means is possible.
Re Gibraltar. Some logs of merchant seamen have been preserved and are kept at the
Registry for Merchant Seamen near the Tower; but they were private property, like the
vessels themselves, and there is never a great deal of hope of being able to find any log of
so early a date. No record of any kind was preserved of the history, etc., of seamen on
entry, except such particulars as the muster book gives.
^ Harold joined the staff of the New York Evening Post as reporter.
^ For the children of our employees.
STOKES RECORDS
1911
January nth. My wife and I started for Palm Beach, where we
had engaged the Oceanic cottage for three years. Miss Hankey and
Miss Margaret Breen went with us. I found the journey rather
fatiguing, and had an attack of sciatica, from which I recovered in a
few days.
While at Palm Beach I did some work on the Records.
We went one day by automobile to Miami, where we spent the
night at Arthur James's cottage, Cocoanut Grove, and went aboard
his yacht, the new Aloha.
Edith and Newton and their adopted daughter Helen, and Anson
and his daughter Olivia,' visited us at Palm Beach. Little Olivia re-
mained to come north with us. We left Palm Beach on Tuesday,
28th March, and went to Baltimore, where we found Sarah, looking
well, and in her new apartment in the Washington, 700 Washington
Place, where we spent the night. Next day we left for New York.
Spent May and June at Brick House.
June 19th. Mildred Phelps Hooker born at 175 East Seventy-first
Street, New York.
We decideH not to return to Palm Beach next winter, but to go, if
all well, to southern Europe.
July 6th. Started in automobile for Canada and the Adirondacks
with wife and Helen, and called for Rev. William M. Grosvenor at
New Canaan. He was the rector of our church in New York (Church
of the Incarnation), and is now dean of the Cathedral of St. John the
Divine, New York. We stopped at brother James's house near Ridge-
field, where we saw him and his wife and her father. Then went to
"Port of Missing Men" for luncheon, stopped overnight at Mill-
brook, and went next day to Hudson River, which we crossed at
Peekskill, and went on and spent the night at Haines Falls, Catskill
Mountains, where we met Mrs. MofTett (Mary Lusk).
She was in poor health and the doctor ordered a change of air.
- Ill
i ^ 5 1
o ^ o
S 2 - .
O :3 i
CANADA AND ADIRONDACKS
Sunday, July 9th. To luncheon at Mr. Ambrose Clark's/ and
called at Walter Stokes's. -
Monday, July loth, went to Canandaigua, and Tuesday to Syra-
cuse. Stopped to call on the William Cary Sangers^ en route. They
were absent.
Wednesday at Clifton Hotel, Niagara Falls, and Thursday and
Friday at Toronto.
Saturday. Gananoque, Thousand Islands.
Monday, July 17th, to Ottawa, the last part of the way by train, as
roads were bad. We remained there Tuesday.
Wednesday, we crossed to Ogdensburg. Our car was too large to
cross the ferry, so we crossed on a freight-car on the railroad ierry.
Thursday, July 20th, we arrived at camp.
We had a pleasant summer at camp, where we were visited by
Sarah, Graham and Rose, Ethel and John, Carrie and Mildred, and
many of our grandchildren. We left by automobile, September i ith,
with Helen and Miss Sanford. Spent that night at Westport Inn on
Lake Champlain.
September 12th, we spent the night at Miss Sanford's at Benning-
ton, Vermont, and on the 14th and 15th we stopped at Anson's at
Brook Farm, Lenox.
Arrived at Brick House, Saturday, i6th. Was in New York some
days the following week.
On Monday, the 26th, returned to Brick House.
Monday, October 2d, James and Florence came to luncheon.
Most of October and November at Brick House.^
December ist, went to New York.
^ He had married Florence Stokes, daughter of my cousin Henr}- Stokes.
' Brother of Henrj' Stokes.
^ William Cary Sanger married Ethel, daughter of my cousin Charles Dodge.
* On October 17th we celebrated the forty-seventh anniversary of our wedding by having
all the children and most of the grandchildren with us for luncheon, and the photograph
group shown opposite was taken. The grandchildren not there were Anson Hoyt, who
was at boarding-school; Graham Hoyt, who was not well; Olivia Stokes and Mildred
Hooker. They were photographed separately and inserted. An enlarged copy of this pho-
tograph, of which Papa was especiallv fond, hung in the room in which he died in New
York.-H. L. P. S.
STOKES RECORDS
1912
January 6th, sailed with wife on steamer Caronia for Madeira,
Gibraltar, Algiers and Villefranche, where we arrived January 20th,
found Anson and our automobile on dock, and drove to Villa Mont-
fleury, Cannes, which we had hired for the winter.
We found Anson's children at the villa,^ but his wife had returned
to New York because of the very serious illness of her mother. Her
mother died soon after Carol reached New York, and she returned
immediately to Cannes.
Little Olivia was so ill that by advice of doctors at Cannes and
Nice, and other physicians, it was decided best to take her to Paris
for further consultations. On consulting specialists there it was found
that Olivia's trouble was hirschsprung, and it was thought that an
operation would be necessary. Anson went to Oxford and consulted
Doctor Osier, who advised against an operation. It was decided not
to operate, but to take her to Lausanne, where she greatly improved
under the treatment of Doctor Coombs.''
We found Villa Montfleury very attractive and remained there
until April 9th. We took numerous automobile excursions in the
neighborhood.
Numerous friends came to see us, including Mr. and Mrs. de
Heredia, Mr. and Mrs. Parkman Shaw, Mr. and Mrs. Ryerson, and
Mr. and Mrs. Fred Spedden.
Helen arrived with Miss Gertrude Young^ April 3d, and on the
9th we started in the automobile for San Remo, Santa Margherita,
Spezzia, Florence, etc., where we arrived April 13th.
1 It being Anson's sabbatical year, we had taken the villa so that Anson and Carol could
leave the children with us for two months while they traveled, and they had gone over in
December; but Olivia was so ill they could not leave her, and remained with us until
spring. — H. L. P. S.
= Carol and her children returned to New York in November, and in December went to
Palm Beach and returned north in March, and Carol went with little Olivia to Lausanne
again, where Olivia was still further benefited. They returned again to New York in
June, Doctor Coombs having given his opinion that Olivia was permanently cured.
^ Miss Young was for several years with us as governess for the younger girls, and the
family had become very much attached to her. — H. L. P. S.
MRS. ANSON PHELPS STOKES, JR.
1913
Villa Montfleury
CANNES, FRANCE
Montfleury Gardens
EPPING
April 19th. Started for Rome, via Siena and Perugia. Arrived
Rome 24th, and left on the 29th. Went to Orvieto, Perugia, Ancona,
Ravenna, Bologna, Milan, Lake Maggiore, Hotel Villa d'Este,
Como, Lake Garda, Riva, Meran, Innsbruck, Munich, and arrived
at Ritter's Park Hotel, Homburg, on May 22d. We remained there
until June 17th, and started for England via Metz, Rheims, Amiens,
and Boulogne to Folkestone. Went June 22d to Weymouth, where
Robert and Carrie had a villa, and we took rooms at Oatlands Park
Hotel.
June 29th. Called on Mabel Arbuthnot at Sonning, Berkshire. On
the way to Mabel's we stopped at Mrs. James Halkett's.
Left Weymouth and went to Petworth and to Midhurst,^ Chiches-
ter and Portsea, thence to Southampton, Lyndhurst, Marlborough
and Windsor, Pangborne and Reading.
Also went to Epping, Essex, where William Stokes ^6 was born in
1739. In the neighborhood we made numerous inquiries regarding his
ancestors. Having long supposed that my great-grandfather William
Stokes's family were connected with nonconformists, we tried to get
further information regarding nonconformist registers, but could not
find any. At the house of one of the deacons Helen learned that a
school-teacher was engaged to a Mr. Stokes whose family had for-
merly lived at Epping. This young lady told us that his father, who
1 William Stokes of Southampton, son of Henry Stokes of Midhurst and grandson of
Richard Stokes of Petworth, was granted in 1683 the right to use arms identical, both as
to arms and crest, with those used by Thomas Stokes and engraved on the silverware
which he brought with him to America in 1798. (See plate. Vol. I, p. 40.) Examination
of the registers at Petworth and at Midhurst failed to give any further clues as to this
family, but Guillim's Heraldry gives the following:
"He beareth gules a lyon rampant, ermine, by the name of Stokes. This coat did belong
to William Stokes, one of his Majesty's Land-waiters in the port of Southampton (aged 55,
the 14th of February, Anno 1686,) who married Mary daughter of Henry Ward of South-
ampton and had Issue William, eldest son, and William, second son (both dy'd Infants),
Thomas whose age at the said Date was Fifteen, Mary whose age was Thirty, Elizabeth
whose age was Twenty-seven, and James, aged about Twenty, all at that Time unmarried.
"Note. That the above named William Stokes was eldest Son and Heir of Henry Stokes
of Medhurst in the County of Sussex, and of Joan his Wife, Daughter of William Stent of
Medhurst aforesaid, which Henry Stokes dy'd at Petworth in the said County about the
year 1676, aged almost 93, being Son and Heir of Richard Stokes of the County Palatine
of Chester, Steward to the Earl of Northumberland. He dy'd also at Petworth in the
County of Sussex."
STOKES RECORDS
now lived in Wales, was visiting another son, a merchant, at Brent-
wood. We went there and found the elder Mr. Stokes, a fine-looking
man and an interesting character, who had formerly been in partner-
ship with his son at this place, but whose home was now in Bridgend,
Wales. He gave us some facts about the Stokeses of Epping Place,
but he had not much genealogical information. Indeed, Helen was
able to furnish him later with information regarding his family, and
has corresponded with him since his return to Wales. The following
letter was received from him:
"My dear Miss Stokes:
"You will remember calling upon me a few weeks ago at my son's house in Brent-
wood, Essex, and making enquiries re the pedigree of the Stokes family at Epping.
Since then I have seen my brothers, and we have been trying to refresh our memories
re the past. So far as we know, there are no family records, or at least we can discover
none; but there appears to be pretty good evidence that my grandfather's ancestors
were connected with Epping before migrating to Witham, and my brothers distinctly
remember the old people talking of Richard Stokes of Epping Place. They also remem-
ber hearing of one of the Stokeses of Epping Place being a giant. There would appear
also to have been some connection between my maternal grandparents and the Epping
Place Stokeses, as my grandmother i used to speak of having been nursed when a child
by Richard Stokes and his family. I think there is a strong probability, if we could go
back a few generations, that we should find that we sprang from the same stock.
"As I told you, my father lived in Epping many years, and I am a native of Epping,
was born and baptized there, and spent the first t\venty years of my life there, and was
brought up in connection with the old Congregational church there, which is one of the
oldest in the country, being founded after the great 'ejection of 1662.'
"When in Epping, did you meet with a book entitled History of Nonconformity in
Epping, written by a late Congregational minister? It is very interesting, and if you
have n't it, I shall be pleased to send you a copy. . . .
"As I stated, I am a native of Epping, but migrated from there when a young man
into South Wales, and after a time went into business there. Then I entered the town
council of the borough of Aberavon, Glamorganshire, and in the year 1893 was elected
mayor of the borough, and afterwards an alderman and J. P. . . .
(Signed) "Henry John Stokes."
We went to Chelmsford, where Helen found the marriage of John
Stokes of Greensted and Elizabeth Sanders of High Ongar, 13th
January, 1698, and to Southend, where we spent Sunday. We
motored to Colchester, took tea with the Proberts at Bures, and on
July 1 6th visited Greensted, near Ongar.
One of H. J. Stokes's grandmothers was a Freshwater.
[1523
GREENSTED CHURCH
As it was in 17+8. From an old p
GREENSTED CHURCH
191+
GREENSTED
At Greensted we found a most interesting old church built of oak
timbers standing on end. This church was built in 1013 as a mortuary
chapel for St. Edmund, whose body for some time rested there. The
old church is 24 feet 4 inches x 16 feet 7 inches. The original wood
building has been wonderfully preserved. We called at the house of
Mr. Price, a churchwarden, who took Helen into the church to see
the transcripts of the registers, the printed copy of which we found
very interesting.^ In it Helen found the following entries :
Baptisms :
1712, Mch. 15, Thomas, son of John and Elizabeth Stokes.
1 714, June 7, Prudence, dau. of John and Elizabeth Stokes.
1715, May 15, Hannah, dau. of John and Elizabeth Stokes.
1717, Mch. 25, Henen', son of John and Elizabeth Stokes.
Marriages:
1734, Dec. 22nd, Elizabeth Stokes, of this parish, and William Stubbings of Kel-
vedon Hatch.
1760, Elizabeth Stokes to John Miles of Stonedon. "It appeareth afterward that
the woman was not then dwelling in the parish."
Burials :
1705, Oct. 5, Sarah Stokes.
1712, Apl. 22, John Stokes, Sr.
1746, Mch. 15, John Stokes.
1747, May 10, Elizabeth Stokes.
It is altogether likely that Henry Stokes, whose baptism is here re-
corded, was Henry Stokes of Epping, father of my great-grandfather
William Stokes, '6^ but Epping is so near to London, that that Henry
may have come there from some other neighborhood.
After visiting many parishes in the neighborhood of Epping and
Greensted, we returned to the Ritz Hotel in London.
In all this trip we made many searches in church registers, all of the
work being done by Helen.
We sailed from Liverpool July 25th, arrived in New York August
3d, and went to Noroton, occasionally visiting New York. We re-
mained at Noroton until December, when we came to New York.
1 A transcript of the register has been printed by F. A. Crisp.
2 For additional information regarding Greensted Stokeses, see Vol. II.
[153 3
STOKES RECORDS
1913
January 7th. Started with wife and Sarah for Palm Beach, stop-
ping on the way at St. Augustine, Sea Breeze, etc.
At St. Augustine we found our motor-yacht, the Scorpion,^ in
which I had planned to go to Palm Beach ; but finding the water was
unusually shallow, we went by train to Sea Breeze, then to Rock-
ledge, where I went on board the yacht, and in less than three days
arrived at Palm Beach and found my wife and Sarah, who had pre-
ferred to go by train, and Carol and her children, who had gone down
before us. We spent the winter quietly at the Oceanic cottage, which
we had again hired for the season, and took yachting excursions in the
Scorpion almost every day; once we went as far south as Miami.
Carrie, Mildred, Graham and Rose visited us.
March 20th. We left Palm Beach by train, stopping at Sea Breeze
and St. Augustine, and arrived at Washington on the 29th. At Wash-
ington we were very glad to meet Mrs. D. Willis James. At Phila-
delphia we met our automobile, went in it to Atlantic City, and
arrived home April 4th. In crossing Staten Island we noticed the
very great changes that had been made since we lived there.
On our return from the South, it appeared very desirable to make
further genealogical searches, which I could not well do by employ-
ing searchers unacquainted with family connections. I had some
thought of going over myself, but my wife suggested that Helen
might do this work, and she having very kindly volunteered, it was
arranged that she sail for England, which she did, on April 30th, with
her friend Miss Mary Sanford.
The above was the last entry dear Father made. He looked forward
most eagerly to Helen's return, hoping she would bring genealogical
information which would enable him to complete his records; and in
She was only forty-five feet long.
MR. AND MRS. ANSON PHELPS STOKES
At Palm Beach, 1913
DEATH OF ANSON PHELPS STOKES
case he did not live to finish them himself, he expected Helen to do so,
for it gave him great pleasure not only that she took such keen interest
in the researches, but because she was so well informed on all genealog-
ical questions. The result of her inquiries abroad will be found in
Volume 11.
We had decided to go early to camp this year, and Father and I
planned to leave by motor on the 30th of June to meet the family there
about July 5th,— Sadie, Helen and Mildred's family going by train.
Therefore, having business to attend to before leaving. Father and I
went to the city on Tuesday, the 24th of June. That evening, while
playing solitaire, he complained of dizziness and went early to bed.
The next morning, Wednesday, he was dressed and in the library by
half past ten; but still feeling dizzy and not seeing distinctly (every-
thing seemed blurred to him) , he decided to keep quiet and have Mr.
McCulloch come to see him. I telephoned Mildred, who asked Ran-
som to call on his way to the hospital. He did so, and advised sending
for a doctor. Doctor James being out of town, he called in Doctor
Barrett, who was Doctor James's assistant when Father was so poorly
five years ago, and knew all about Father's case. From general symp-
toms he thought the trouble was due to indigestion from eating too
many strawberries. This seemed a reasonable diagnosis, as Father
had been looking and feeling so very well all winter, and able to do
more than he had for several years. Thursday he was about the same,
but up and dressed all day, though he could not see distinctly. Doctor
Barrett took his blood pressure, which was much less than formerly,
and he still thought indigestion the cause. Friday Doctor James came
instead of Doctor Barrett, and I told him I was troubled about
Father's condition, but he did not seem to be, and thought that after a
few days he would be able to go by train to camp. Helen arrived from
Europe Friday morning, and Papa was so happy to see her, and had a
long talk with her in the morning about what she had accomplished
abroad, and another long talk in the evening. He went to bed about
half past ten and slept quietly until three, when he was nauseated, and
1:155:]
STOKES RECORDS
had several attacks before eight o'clock, sleeping quietly between. I
then called Ransom (failing to connect with Doctor Barrett), who
came at once. Father said to him only, "Good morning, Ransom,"
then almost immediately became unconscious. I telephoned for all
the children, and Ransom called in Doctor Satterlee. They agreed
that a blood vessel had become ruptured in the brain, causing apo-
plexy. A trained nurse was sent for, oxygen and cupping applied, but
he never regained consciousness, and passed away most quietly and
peacefully, without a struggle, about two o'clock. All the children
were with him excepting Anson, who was on his way from Lenox, and
arrived about six.
In our great sorrow we were thankful to our heavenly Father that
he was spared a long illness with pain and suffering. It was the first
break in our family circle after nearly forty-eight years of perfectly
happy married life ; for there never lived a more devoted husband and
father. To me he was always a lover, always wanting me with him,
and most demonstrative. The very last words he said to me, just as he
went to sleep Friday night, were : "You do not know how much I love
you, and I thank God every day for giving you to me. You have been
such a good, devoted wife." He had said this so often (usually add-
ing, "What could I do without you?") that I little realized this time
would be the last. And he was always so happy in his children,
speaking so many, many times of the great comfort and blessing they
had been to him, always giving him joy and never sorrow ; and he loved
his grandchildren dearly, praying every day for each one by name.
The Bible was his great comfort. Wherever he was, at home or trav-
eling, he read it daily, and so often said he hoped "his children would
never give up reading the Bible." Thursday morning, before he left
us, when his eyes were troubling him, I took up the newspaper to
read to him. Seeing me do so, he said, "Read me the Bible first. I
have been reading lately tvvo chapters every morning, one in the Old
Testament and one in the New." So I read him a few verses from
each. One of his favorite verses was : "Thou wilt keep him in perfect
[:is6:]
MRS. ANSON PHELPS STOKES
February, 1915
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
June, 1913
Taken ten days before his death
FUNERAL SERVICES
peace, whose mind is stayed on Thee, because he trusteth in Thee" ;
and dear Father always trusted in God and had perfect peace— the
peace of God that passeth all understanding. When threatened with
blindness about thirty-five years ago, and when he lost his leg, there
was never a murmur; it was God's will, and God knew best, and his
patience and cheerfulness and resignation were an inspiration to all
who knew him.
The funeral services were held in the Chapel of the Incarnation on
Monday afternoon, June 30th, the chapel being chosen partly because
the church was closed for repairs, and partly because it stands on
ground formerly included in the country place of Fathers grand-
father, Anson Greene Phelps, and very near to where the house stood
in which dear Father was born. Dean Grosvenor, our former rector
for about twenty years, conducted the services, assisted by Mr. Rob-
bins (now rector of the Church of the Incarnation).
Our four sons, Newton, Graham, Anson and Harold; John Hoyt,
Robert Hunter and Ransom Hooker, our sons-in-law; and Louis
Slade, a nephew, carried the casket from the house to the hearse, and
from the hearse to the chancel and back again to the hearse. The
casket was hidden under a drapery of smilax, and many beautiful
flowers bore messages of love and sympathy. The hymns sung were
these, which we selected as typical of Father's spirit:
"Father, whate'er of earthly bliss
Thy sovereign will denies,
Accepted at Thy throne of grace,
Let this petition rise:
"Give me a calm and thankful heart.
From every murmur free ;
The blessings of Thy grace impart.
And make me live to Thee.
"Let the sweet hope that Thou art mine.
My path of life attend ;
Thy presence through my journey shine,
And crown my journey's end."
ni573
STOKES RECORDS
'In the cross of Christ I glory,
Towering o'er the wrecks of time;
All the light of sacred story
Gathers round its head sublime.
"When the woes of life o'ertake me,
Hopes deceive, and fears annoy,
Never shall the cross forsake me ;
Lo, it glows with peace and joy !
"When the sun of bliss is beaming
Light and love upon my way.
From the cross the radiance streaming
Adds new lustre to the day.
"Bane and blessing, pain and pleasure,
By the cross are sanctified ;
Peace is there that knows no measure,
Joys that through all time abide.
"In the cross of Christ I glory.
Towering o'er the wrecks of time ;
All the light of sacred story
Gathers round its head sublime."
"Peace, perfect peace, in this dark world of sin:
The blood of Jesus whispers peace within.
"Peace, perfect peace, by thronging duties pressed :
To do the will of Jesus,— this is rest.
"Peace, perfect peace, with sorrows surging round:
On Jesus' bosom naught but calm is found.
"Peace, perfect peace, with loved ones far away:
In Jesus' keeping we are safe, and they.
"Peace, perfect peace, our future all unknown:
Jesus we know, and He is on the throne.
"Peace, perfect peace, death shadowing us and ours:
Jesus has vanquished death and all its powers.
"It is enough ; earth's struggles soon shall cease,
And Jesus call us to heaven's perfect peace."
Cissn
BURIAL
The church was well filled, and in one pew were four employees
who had been nearly, or over, twenty years in our employ: Constant
Voignier, our coachman for forty-eight years; George Blows [Bar-
ton], our butler and Father's faithful attendant for twenty-one years;
Charles Jenkins, superintendent of our Adirondack camp for twenty
years; and Albert Hochard, our chef for nineteen years. Thomas
Farley, who had been employed by us at Lenox and Noroton for nine-
teen years, would have been there had it not been for a broken ankle.
The interment was at Woodlawn after the church service, Newton
having gone out on Sunday to select a plot; and there we laid Father
at rest, just about sunset, in a beautiful spot on the hillside, under fine
trees, just such a resting-place as he would have chosen for himself.
The dear boys lowered the casket and filled the grave, their last trib-
ute of love. Dean Grosvenor read the committal service, and Anson
asked the benediction.
Those present at the grave were: All of the children (except Sarah
and Carrie, who were not well enough for the long drive) ; our eldest
grandsons, Anson and Sherman Hoyt; our granddaughter, Helen
Hoyt; Thomas and William Stokes (James being in Europe, and
Olivia not strong enough to come) ; Mr. James W. McCulloch, for
twenty years Father's confidential secretary and business agent for the
family; Miss Margaret Breen, for twenty years Father's private secre-
tary, whose help in compiling these records had been invaluable to
him; Mrs. M. L. Grieve, who for forty years visited for us as city
missionary; and the servants mentioned above, who have been so long
in our employ.
H. L. P. S.
[1593
EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS
POEM IN HANDWRITING OF ANSON PHELPS STOKES
Found in his desk after his death. Supposed to have been composed by Mr. Stokes
•/Kl, ■^'. ..^<. /-f.7
/
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r-> 9 -^.'-^r
6.../ /./.<.^ >^-'^7'^ ^^•';-^,^ ^/^^-../cj...
/"^rrU^n^ JL^c<y /^-^ J«/A-' ' /^ '/>'^''< ,
(T^^ W';^r/ ^^/^Ur^y /^/ /^''^''^^ ^.^n.^/- V-^.- •
EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS FROM FRIENDS
Received by the Family After the Death
OF
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
It has always seemed to me that Mr. Stokes bore his severe trial and ever present
suffering with extreme fortitude and cheerfulness, the evidence of a high ideal and
purpose ; and what could his family and friends ask more for him or themselves ?
E. D.
I am sure that the depth of vision and perfect love and trust which your family life
so splendidly evidences, will be wonderfully sustaining in the harder hours. Those
friends of Harold who have had the privilege of a glimpse into that family life, will
cherish the memory of Mr. Stokes, who was an inspiring part of it. We owe so much
to those whose personality brings out the best that is in us. n -n o
a. a. b.
I had a keen admiration for your husband, and have often held him up as a model of
cheerfulness, courage and kindliness.
It was a great privilege to be with him on the Nevada trip in 1897, and to see how
little the hardships of "roughing it" bothered him. We need many gentlemen of his
type in our complicated modern life. t tr u
J. H. H.
I count it one of the rare privileges of my younger years to have met and known
Mr. Stokes; for he was a man who was a help to those whom he met, old and young
'^^'- F. E. S.
To me your father has always stood for the ideal of a perfect American gentleman,
in culture, deportment, character, high ideals of life and public service— in fact, in all
respects in the very finest sense of the word. It is in that and in the devotion between
him and your mother that it has been a greater inspiration to me than perhaps you
realize, to have known him. . „
I wish I had known him better than I did. But as it is, I remember him with ad-
miration and gratitude, and, it may be, with a little understanding of the pride and
thankfulness that you must feel. Do you know what the example of your life together
meant even to those of us who saw it in passing ? ^
I have a very clear recollection, from several times that I have been with you, of his
courtesy and gentleness, and of his rare patience at times when one saw that he was
suffering. A person towards whom comparative strangers felt so warmly drawn must
leave a very great gap in his own family,— and I know how unusually strong your
family life has been. . .
1:163]
STOKES RECORDS
You are all, indeed, in our thoughts and hearts to-day, and one feels not only for
you all who belong to him and love him, but for the many in the city, and in his day
and generation, who have looked up to Mr. Stokes and who have had their own aspira-
tions reinforced by his standards and his achievements in high-minded, righteous and
unselfish living. Such men are a great loss to us, particularly now; but for them — we
cannot grudge them "the glory of going on."
J. R.
The impression of his amiable kindness will not fade, and I think all who knew your
husband must remember him with the same pleasure in the memory, and the same regret
at the loss. T H K
He was such a splendid man, and lived such a noble, beautiful and useful life. We
are so glad we had the privilege of knowing him.
Notwithstanding our slight acquaintance with him as a Palm Beach neighbor and
a fellow-worshiper at the Church of Bethesda-by-the-Sea, we had come to regard him
as a devout, earnest and helpful member of the church and community. t vr i\/r
Mr. Stokes has been an inspiration to me ever since I first came to St. Regis. He
was so brave and noble, so uncomplaining and patient, that I consider it a privilege to
have known him and seen what his life really was. - . _ _,
Mr. McC.'s sense of loss is very heavy. He writes me: "Not even you can fully
know what this loss means to me. He has been the corner-stone on which I have built
for twenty years." Perhaps I do not "fully know," but I have known enough of the
relationship of entire trust and steadily increasing affection to grieve for him in the
loss,— and yet to be glad, beyond words, for the twenty years he has had.
M. H. McC.
So many delightful memories come to me of Birch Island and Shadow Brook, and
of "229" and later of Brick House. You and Mr. Stokes have given me so many good
times, and he was always so cordial and so sweet to me, as he was to all the young
people who came to the house. I shall always remember him vividly and with much
affection, and shall remember too, always, the example of his splendid courage.
C. B. R.
It seems strange to find one's self in that generation which is now called upon to
make the great change.
But it is a happy change for those who, like Willis James and William Dodge, and
now Cousin Anson, have inherited the covenant blessing from our godly ancestors, and
who have so nobly sustained the old religious traditions of the family.
A. P. A.
ni64n
LETTERS
He has always been a just and kind eQ:iployer as well as a good friend, and the main
happiness of my life has been in my work for and with him. I think there can be no
one, outside of his immediate family, who feels the passing away of Mr. Stokes more
keenly than I do, and no one could have been long associated with Mr. Stokes without
being made better under the influence of his strong Christian character. n^r t n
M. J. U.
When I read the news of your Father's death this morning, it seemed to me that
the whole country had lost the presence of a fine pervading spirit. Those of us who
had been privileged to know him even slightly could understand somewhat the reason
for the peculiar influence which he exerted. But I think that every one, whether friend
or stranger, felt it and was grateful for it. T D AAT P T
He was a man for whom I had a sincere friendship and a deep respect, and I send
to you, and to you all, my profound S3'mpathy in your great loss.
I have no recollection of him that is not a happy one, and I feel I am a better man
for having known him. ^ ^
I have always had the greatest esteem and love for your husband, having known few
men possessing such noble qualities, whose sympathy for others was so great, and who
used their power for good in such a splendid way.
It was a great deprivation to have you leave Lenox, since both you and your husband
were unceasing in your efforts to make life pleasant for those about you, and your places
have never been filled. To me your leaving has always been a matter of regret, since it
deprived me of a companionship which I always enjoyed. „ ,,r t-
kj. W. r.
For twenty years and over my family and I have received nothing but unnumbered
acts of thoughtful kindness from you. . . . You can imagine, therefore, how deeply
I valued the fact that I was in New York and could be at your unreserved service at
the moment of your sorrow. I, too, was so glad that you decided to go to the chapel.
. . . The most impressive thing to me was that Mr. Stokes's sons should do all those
last acts that are usually done by paid men who do not care, and that the human form,
which is so precious even without the indwelling spirit, should by those who loved him
be laid to rest. I will not soon forget the final blessing given by Anson when all was
done. Nor shall I ever forget the fine, true qualities of Mr. Stokes's life, his real cour-
age and great patience through the suffering and discomfort of the latter years.
W. M. G.
I can scarcely remember a time when I did not know him and the members of his
grandfather's family, and I esteemed it an honor to be permitted to feel that they were
my friends. We rejoiced when your Father made his summer home here; and one and
all grieved at the sad occurrence which made him go away from us. t TT p
Every one who knew him must feel that one of the best of men has gone from us.
W. G. P.
ni65 3
STOKES RECORDS
The pure character of your Father stands out so clearly, and the wonderful years
he spent with your Mother must be a very dear memory to you. To look back at such
a family life as vou can is as rare as it is beautiful.
C r . L.
So long have I known of Mr. Stokes, and so long, too, I have slightly known him,
always hearing of him as a brave, true-hearted man, and always finding him so, and
kindly and cordial, too, that I feel the loss to be a personal one. . . .
I feel, too, that in Mr. Stokes the city and nation had a citizen of very noble type,
above the transient and makeshift, and viewing public matters from the standpoint of
high principles. Such men are few and are greatly missed, yet their example and
memorv— let us be thankful for them. t tt r.
1. H. D.
What a splendid heritage you all have in your dear Father's love and life, and how
rounded and beautiful has been his earthly career !
Mr. Stokes was such a fine, stanch Christian, with positive convictions as to daily
life and duty. He was so liberal in opinion and generous in his gifts to God, that such
a man leaves the world poorer for his going awav. ,., , ^
W. A. L.
I have always had the greatest admiration and respect for your Father and Mother
and for your home. Your Father was a gentleman of the old school in every way,
and in his honor and integrity. He has left you all such a wonderful memory in his
love for you, and in his wonderful life. , .
Every recollection that I have of your Father— and I have many of them— is alto-
gether lovely. I particularly remember a wedding anniversary of your Father and
Mother's in camp at Birch Island, when the sentiment was so true and deep. I shall
never forget it.
During the many years that I was privileged to know him he was always so kindly,
both as friend and host, that I, like numberless of your friends, shall miss him much,
even though of recent years I saw him but seldom. His broad sympathies, high ideals
and finely balanced character made him one of the most admirable of men in his com-
'"""'^>'- F.A.J.
As a former employee, deeply sensible of Mr. Stokes's kindness and generosity to me
in the past, I wish to offer to you and your family my sincere sympathy in your sorrow.
This country and the world at large has lost one of its finest and noblest men, and
I feel that I have lost a friend that has been always, since I have known him, an example
and a precept for me to follow, as he has been to all who have known the fineness and
nobility of his character.
To me it was a rare privilege to meet and to know your Father, and to hear him tell
of his various experiences in life. He was that kind of a man who gives an unconscious
help to young men— unconscious to him— by the sense of achievement he begets in their
hearts. He made me feel that I must do my best with my life. So I am glad that it
was part of my lot to know him.
r . IL. b.
LETTERS
I always thought, and all those here who came across him thought the same, that he
was a fine and handsome type, courtly and kindly, of an American gentleman. Per-
sonally he seemed to me to suffer and to bear it with great patience. . „
We will never forget the day spent at Noroton at your house, for . . . we had the
privilege of knowing Mr. Stokes, and seeing him for just that brief day has left an
impression which will ever remain — his wonderful patience and his thoughtfulness of
others, while one observed that he suffered. The day was like a great benediction in
our lives. S T V
Respectful sympathy, yourself and family. Your bereavement shared by city. State
and nation and friends of the good cause to which, with hands, head and heart, Mr.
Stokes was so helpful. ^ ^ ,,, ,,,. •
J. Ue W. W.
I want to send my very loving and heartfelt sympathy to you at this time. We have
just heard here that Cousin Anson has been taken from j'ou after so many years of
happy companionship. I know the memories will comfort and help you, for it is so
little that friends can say or do, except a word of loving sympathy. q y^j., u
I btg to enclose you herewith copy of resolutions passed by a committee of the Board
of Managers in memory of our deceased vice-president and your husband, Mr. Anson
Phelps Stokes. He was always ready to serve the interests of the Home whenever his
health would permit, and we shall miss him greatly. Israel C Tones
"The Board of Managers of the Home for Incurables record with pro-
found regret the death of Anson Phelps Stokes, for many years a trustee of
this Home, and vice-president since igog.
"He was deeply interested in the work of the Home, and while his health
permitted he gave generously of his time and means to its support.
"The trustees desire to record their sense of loss at his death.
"W. Emlen Roosevelt,
"Ogden Mills,
"Robert Galloway,
"Committee of the Board."
I beg to transmit herewith the resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of the
Academy. I desire to add thereto the expression of a personal sense of loss. As presi-
dent of the Academy I had frequent occasion to turn to Mr. Stokes for advice and sug-
gestion. His deep interest in the work of this association added much to its influence.
L. S. RowE.
Resolutions adopted by the Board of Directors of the American Academy of Politi-
cal and Social Science in memory of Anson Phelps Stokes:
"Whereas, Death has removed our highly honored member ; and
"Whereas, Mr. Stokes was connected with the Academy for a period of
eleven years ; and
ni673
STOKES RECORDS
"Whereas, The work of the Academy was strengthened constantly by his
wise counsel and active cooperation ; therefore be it
"Resolved, That the Academy herewith express its sense of loss at the
death of Mr. Stokes and its deep appreciation of the services which he ren-
dered in furtherance of its activities, and record the same on the minutes of
the organization ; and further be it
"Resolved, That a copy of this resolution be forwarded to the family of the
'^"""'"'^- "L. S. RowE, President.
"J. P. Lighten BERGER, Secretary."
The Hereditar}' Order of the Descendants of Colonial Governors desire me to con-
vey to }'0u their great sympathy in your bereavement, and to express their own deep
sense of loss of a valued member in Mr. Anson Phelps Stokes, who was an honor to
his race and to his country, likewise to this Order, his life of disinterested brotherliness
to his fellow-men being a rare exemplification of the principles and objects for which
this Order stands, in commemoration of the services of those colonial governors who,
through untold sacrifices and hardships, established the foundation of stable govern-
ment. His life will ever be an incentive to emulation to the coming generations.
Gail Tre.-^t.
At a meeting of the trustees of the Adirondack Cottage Sanitarium held at Dr.
James's camp, August 1 1, 1913, the following resolution was adopted:
"Resolved, That the trustees of the Adirondack Cottage Sanitarium wish
hereby to put on record their deep sense of the great loss the Adirondack Cot-
tage Sanitarium has sustained by the death of Mr. Anson Phelps Stokes, who
served the institution faithfully on the Board of Trustees for a quarter of a
century.
"They also wish hereby to tender their heartfelt sympathy to all the mem-
bers of Mr. Stokes's family, and to express to them the high esteem and aiifec-
tion in which Mr. Stokes was held by all the trustees, and their deep sense of
personal loss at his death."
At a special meeting of the St. Regis Yacht Club, held at Paul Smith's, New York,
the following resolution was unanimously adopted :
"PFhereas, The St. Regis Yacht Club has learned with deep regret the sad
news of the death of their commodore, Anson Phelps Stokes ;
"Resolved, That the club hereby wishes to express the deep sense of per-
sonal loss sustained in the death of its commodore.
"Mr. Stokes was the originator of the St. Regis Yacht Club and its com-
modore ever since it was organized. His keen interest and sportsmanlike par-
ticipation in all matters relating to the club were fully appreciated by all.
"His practical knowledge of yachting did much to advance the interest in
racing on these lakes, while his personal magnetism endeared him to all the
members of the club.
"Resolved, That the above resolution be spread upon our minutes and a
copy of the same be forwarded to his family.
"William Rauch, Secretary."
D683
TRUSTEESHIPS; ETC.
From Century Club Necrology, in year book for 1914:
"Anson Phelps Stokes, a well-known member of a family noted for its wealth,
philanthropy, and energy in the cause of good government, himself beneficently active
in many enterprises useful to the community, and endowed with the modesty of an
efficient man."
KEY TO SIGNATURES, PAGE 163
E. D. — Eugene Delano
B. B. S. — Benjamin B. Sanderson
J. H. H. — John Henry Hammond
F. E. S.— Frederick E. Stockwell
A. K.-Allen Klots
J. A. F.-James A. Field
A. L. — Arthur Ludington
J. R.— Jane Russell
T. H. K.-Thomas H. Kelly
W. L. P.-William Lyon Phelps
J. N. M.-J. N. Mulford
M. L. T.— Marv L. Townsend
M. H. McC.-Mary H. McCulloch
C. B. R. — Cornelia Barnes Rogers
A. P. A.— Anson Phelps Atterbury
M. J. B.— Margaret J. Breen
E. J. W.— Evert Jansen Wendell
G. W. F. — George W. Folsom
W. M. G.— William M. Grosvenor
J. E. P.-John E. Parsons
W. G. P.— W. Geoffrey Probert
C. F. L. — Charles Frothingham Leland
L H. B.— Ira H. Brainerd
M. L. S.— M. Louise Schieffelin
W. A. L.— William A. Leonard
M. T.— Maria Taylor
B. H. — Beekman Hoppin
F. A. J.— Frederick A. Juilliard
J. M. S.— Joseph M. Stamford
F. E. S.— Frederick E. Stockwell
A. S. — Arthur Schomberg
S. J. V.-Sara J. Viola
J. De W. P., Jr.— James De Wolf Perry, Jr. J. De W. W.-John De Wit Warner
FOUND IN A NOTE-BOOK IN MR. STOKES'S HANDWRITING
Belonged to the following churches :
Mercer Street Presbyterian.
Madison Square Presbyterian, Deacon.
Christ Church, New Brighton, Warden.
Church of the Heavenly Rest, Vestryman.
Church of the Incarnation.
Director or Trustee in following:
American Tract Societj'.
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
New York Eye and Ear Infirmary.
Home for Incurables.
Adirondack Cottage Sanitarium.
Fund for Widows and Orphans of Clergy of the Protestant Episcopal Church.
Fund for Aged and Infirm Clergy, Protestant Episcopal Church.
American Social Science Association, Treasurer.
Dudley Family Association, Vice-President.
Society of Colonial Wars, State of New York, Lieutenant-Governor.
Board of Managers of Diocesan Missions.
United States Trust Company.
Second National Bank.
Mercantile National Bank.
STOKES RECORDS
Mechanics' National Bank.
Greenwich Savings Bank.
Phelps, Dodge & Co.
Phelps, James & Co.
Phelps, Stokes & Co.
Pennsylvania Joint Lumber & Land Co.
Ansonia Brass & Copper Co.
Ansonia Copper Co.
Ansonia Land & Water Powder Co.
Nevada Central Railway.
Austin Mining Co.
United States Electric Lighting Co.
Nevada Company.
Stokes Building.
Woodbridge Company.
Wyllys Company.
Manhattan Storage Company.
Graham Building.
Liverpool & London & Globe Insurance Co.
Estate of L N. Phelps.
Member of the Corporation of the Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Clubs, etc. :
Columbia Debating Club.
Knickerbocker Club.
Century Association.
Nineteenth Century Club, Vice-President.
Union League Club.
New York Yacht Club, Vice-Commodore, two terms.
Metropolitan Club.
Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht Club.
City Club.
Church Club, Vice-President.
Reform Club, First President.
Free Trade Club, Vice-President.
Society of Colonial Wars (on Louisbourg Memorial).
St. George's Society.
Civil Service Reform Association, Executive Committee.
Free Trade League.
Lawyers' Club.
Drug Club.
Down Town Association.
Underwriters' Club.
Newport Casino.
Lenox Club.
Mahkeenac Boating Club, President.
St. Regis Yacht Club.
Patriarchs.
Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers.
Institution of Naval Architects, London.
D703
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
By Margaret Janet Breen
From "The Neiu York Genealogical and Biographical Record," October, I913
Mr. Anson Phelps Stokes, head of the widely known family of that name, died in
New York, June 28, 191 3. He was born Feb. 22, 1838, in his grandfather Phelps's
home, a stately colonial mansion, once referred to as "a lonely country seat on the East
River two miles from the City," its grounds spreading over what is now 29th to 33rd
Streets and from Third Avenue to the East River. In this beautiful place Mr. Stokes
lived during his boyhood. He was the eldest son of James Stokes and Caroline
(Phelps) Stokes, daughter of Anson Greene Phelps, whose name is perpetuated in the
well known city of Ansonia, of which he was the founder.
Mr. Stokes received his early education from tutors from the Union Theological
Seminary and later at private schools in New York. In i860 he went abroad on the
famous clipper ship Dreadnought, and studied navigation under Captain Samuels, who
told his father that the boy "should not be thrown away on the land." Mr. Stokes later
became an enthusiastic yachtsman, the sea and everything connected with it attracting
him strongly. He owned the Nereid, Clytie, Sea Fox and the Mermaid, in which he
made many long cruises, and was twice Vice-Commodore of the New York Yacht Club.
In 1902 he wrote the story of some of his travels in Cruising in the West Indies. His
wide knowledge of navigation, his great fund of information relative to naval affairs,
and his genius for mathematics, were of great assistance to him in perfecting plans for
a heavily armored naval battery carrying sixteen 12-inch and two 15-inch guns intended
principally for harbor defense. The Ultima, which Mr. Stokes styled "a globuloid
naval battery," was a battle-ship and floating fortress in one, of 30,000 tons displace-
ment, having available space for 5,000 tons of coal and accommodation for 1,300 men.
The model was shown at the Jamestown Exposition in 1907. By reason of this inven-
tion he was elected a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
in New York, and of the Institution of Naval Architects in England, being proposed
for membership in the latter society by Hon. William H. White, chief constructor of
the British Navy, who had designed most of the British battle-ships then extant.
Mr. Stokes retired from active business as a banker more than twenty years ago, and
as he became possessed of leisure his interests developed in many directions. He loved
books and liked to be in daily intercourse with them. He studied New England his-
tory and his library was well furnished with literature of its early days. He took great
pleasure in riding, was a fearless horseman and well known in hunting circles in Eng-
land. It was while riding on his place at Lenox in 1899 that he was thrown so
violently from his horse as to necessitate the amputation of his leg. Thereafter his
leisure was spent in yachting and automobiling. But retirement from business did
not bring to him the ease to which he had looked forward, for many important private
interests had been placed in his care. As trustee he had a deep sense of his obligations,
and from a strict feeling of duty he accepted tasks which exacted a greater sacrifice of
time and energy than most men in his situation would have been willing to make.
STOKES RECORDS
In the days of his business career he was a member of the mercantile firm of Phelps,
Dodge & Company, founded by his grandfather; a member of the banking firm of
Phelps, Stokes & Company, with his father, James Stokes, and his father-in-law, Isaac
Newton Phelps, and had won great repute in financial circles throughout the United
States and England. One of his most marked characteristics was his ability to form a
ready and well-balanced judgment on difficult and complicated questions. His clear-
ness of understanding, practical wisdom, his high-minded integrity and uprightness
went far toward making him a strong figure in the financial world of thirty years ago.
He was brief and concise, strong in his convictions and direct in all statements on busi-
ness or political policies. He had been for thirty years a trustee of the United States
Trust Company, on the Board of Directors of the Mercantile and Second National
Banks, and a member of the Chamber of Commerce.
He was the author of Joint-Metallism, which went through five editions, and in
many letters and pamphlets on monetary problems he urged the opening of the mints
for the free coinage of silver by which the "two metals might be made the metallic
basis of currency at ratios based on their relative market values." His clear presentation
of his theme opened up lively discussion and enlightening argument among the most
noted partisans of monometallism and bimetallism both in this country and abroad.
Being a close student of the affairs of government, Mr. Stokes attained national dis-
tinction through his efforts on behalf of sound civic principles, and his activity in the
formation of non-partisan organizations for better municipal government. He was a
founder and the first president of the Reform Club ; was on the first Executive Com-
mittee in 1877, and a Vice-President of the Civil Service Reform Association, and for
his work in behalf of free trade he was made an honorary member of the Cobden Club
of London ; and although several times urged to run for political office, Mr. Stokes
felt that he could be of more service to his country in his work as a private citizen.
He was a firm believer in the principles of democracy, and was fervent in his support of
them. He never ceased to plead for the best that could be rendered in politics, in conduct
and in life, and the weight of his character and standing emphasized his every utterance.
Perhaps much of the ideal of citizenship and its duties which actuated him was a
matter of heredity as well as of personal pride, for he was descended through his mother
from many of the builders of this nation, the Puritans of the 1630 emigration, in whose
character idealism and strong practical sense combined, and to whom the claims of
duty were factors in the details of every day life. Among his most distinguished an-
cestors were three Colonial governors, Dudley, Haynes and Wyllys, who turned their
backs upon the luxury of substantial homesteads in England to seek hardship and peril
on the rocky and gloomy shores of New England, that those who came after might
know and experience liberty of conscience and freedom in religious thought which were
denied them in the mother country. He was also descended from a long line of clergy-
men, among whom was Timothy Woodbridge, one of the founders of Yale, from
Lieutenant Thomas Phelps who fought in the Revolution, and from several of that
small band of soldiers led by John Mason, who, in 1637, crushed the Pequots in the
famous "Swamp Fight" and saved the infant Colony of Connecticut from annihilation
by the Indians.
Not less illustrious were the ancestors on his father's side. His grandfather, Thomas
Stokes, was one of the founders of the London Missionary Society. He came to New
York from London in 1798. He had been associated with Robert Raikes in the
founding of Sunday Schools in London, and with Rowland Hill and others in fitting
out the first missionary ship, the Duff, for the South Sea Islands, and when he came to
New York he was active in the formation of Sunday Schools here, and was one of the
D723
ANSON PHELPS STOKES
organizers of the New York Bible Society and of the New York Peace Society. He
was one of the best known merchants of his day. He was descended from John Stokes^
of Greensted, Essex, England, who was buried in the grounds of the little log chapel
built more than nine hundred years ago as a shrine for the body of St. Edmund while
it rested on its way for interment in Suffolk. The name of Stokes is a very old one in
England, and it is supposed that this John Stokes was directly descended from Adam
de Stok who was buried in Great Bedwyn, Wiltshire, in 1313. This Adam de Stok
was of Norman origin.
Mr. Stokes had been a Lieutenant-Governor of the Society of Colonial Wars, was a
patron of the Museum of Natural History and of the Metropolitan Museum of Art,
a member of St. George's Society, New York Genealogical and Biographical Society,
New England Historic-Genealogical Society, National Geographic Society, the Ameri-
can Social Science Association, and of the Century Club, the Knickerbocker, Metro-
politan, Union League, Church, Lenox and City Clubs, and of the New York Yacht
Club and the Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht Club. Notwithstanding this, Mr. Stokes
was a man of domestic tastes and habits. He was essentially a home man. His devo-
tion to his family was exceptionally tender and he found his greatest pleasure in the
companionship of those nearest and dearest to him. His love of his family, however,
was not confined to his own domestic circle, for his interest in the lives and homes of
his ancestors was a marked feature of his later life. For many years matters historical
and genealogical had a peculiar charm for him. His interest in genealogy as a recreative
study took him many times to England, the country he seemed to love best, and motor-
ing through the counties with which his ancestors were associated gave him much in-
terest and pleasure. In 1909 he published the first volume of Stokes Records.
Mr. Stokes was a scholar, a patron of art and literature because of real understand-
ing and love of them, a deeply religious man and in every way a broad and admirable
American; the state and the city have lost a valuable citizen, and his death leaves a
large place to be filled. Few men have enjoyed to a greater degree the confidence and
respect of those with whom they had business or social dealings, and few men in their
private lives have shown more generous kindness of heart. His parents and his two
grandfathers were noted for their wide and abundant philanthropy and high Christian
principles, and he, following the example set by his forebears, deeply interested himself
in many charities and gave generously to their support. He was never weary of well
doing.
In 1865 Mr. Stokes married Helen Louisa, daughter of Isaac Newton Phelps,
and four sons and five daughters were born to them, all of whom survive their distin-
guished father:
I. Isaac Newton Phelps Stokes, married in 1895, Edith, daughter of Robert
B. and Susanna (Shaw) Minturn of New York.
II. Sarah Maria Phelps Stokes, married in 1890, Hugh Colin Gustav George,
Baron Halkett, of London, who died in 1906.
III. Helen Olivia Phelps Stokes.
IV. James Graham Phelps Stokes, married in 1905, Rose Harriet Pastor.
V. Rev. Anson Phelps Stokes, Jr., Secretary of Yale University, married in
1903, Caroline Green Mitchell, daughter of Clarence Green and
Sarah (Lindley) Mitchell.
^ Documentary evidence in hand points to this conclusion, but investigations are still
progress. For final results see Vol. II.
[173 3
STOKES RECORDS
VI. Ethel V. Phelps Stokes, married in 1895, John Sherman Hoyt, son of
Alfred M. and Rosina (Reese) Hoyt of New York.
VII. Caroline M. Phelps Stokes, married in 1903, Robert Hunter, son of Wil-
liam Robert and Caroline (Fouts) Hunter of Terre Haute, Ind.
VIII. Mildred E. Phelps Stokes, married in 1907, Doctor Ransom Spafard
Hooker, son of Horace Monroe and Asenath (Spafard) Hooker of
Cooperstown, N. Y.
IX. Harold Montrose Phelps Stokes.
Mr. Stokes was an Episcopalian, and frequently a delegate to the Diocesan and
General Conventions, and gave much time to ecclesiastical affairs in New York. His
religious faith was deep and simple. He was a diligent student of the Bible, and in its
lessons and its literature he was thoroughly versed. Practical religion pervaded all his
active life, and was deeply involved in that benevolence which was his most character-
istic trait. In his belief, in his habit of mind and type of character, he was a fine
example of what the church stands for at its best. He was a member of the Church of
the Incarnation, 35th Street and Madison Avenue, and was buried from the Chapel
of the Incarnation in East 32nd Street, which stands on what was once the estate of his
grandfather, Anson Greene Phelps, where Mr. Stokes was born seventy-five years ago.
1:174:
INDEX
INDEX
Figures in italici indicate position of illustrations
See Birch Island
Abbazia, 133
Adair, Mrs. John, 46
Adirondacks, 89, 92, i
and Camp
Advertisement for ancestors (?), 144
Agamemnon, 6
Agassiz, George, 85
Aged and Infirm Clergy Fund, 65
Albany and Susquehanna Railroad, 28
Aley, Sarah, 146
Algiers, 51, 118
Allasio, 134
Alps, 124
American Academy at Rome, 55
American Liberty League, 84
American Social Science Association, 70
Amalfi, 119
Amiens, 151
Amputation, 4, 12, 77, 78
Amsterdam, 142
Ancona, 151
Androwes (Andrews) tombs, 37, 38
Annesley, Lady, 60
Ansonia Brass and Copper Co., 51
Ansonia, Connecticut, 71
Anti-Imperialist meeting, 81
Anti-Imperialist clubs, 84
Antwerp, 142
Appleton, Miss, 11
Arbuthnot, Mabel (Slade), 131, 135, 141,
W. Reierson, Jr., 131, 141
Arcachon, 135
Arcof actor, 115
Aries, 134
Armstrong, Anne, 145
Elizabeth, 146
George, 146
John, 145
Mary, 145
Richard, 145
Sarah, 145
Susan, 146
Thomas, 145
William, 145, 146
Armstrongs of Barking, 146
of Epping, 146
Arnold, Sarah, 144, 145
Thomas, 145
Arrowsmith, Harold, 115, 118, 122
Art Commission, 28
Ascot, 10, 60, 121
Asheville, 53
Association for Improving the Condition of
the Poor, 122
Astor, Mrs. William, 67
Athanasian Creed, 15-20
Athen:eum Club, 8
Atkinson, Edward, 44
Atlanta, 53
Atlantic City, 154
Atrius, 6
Atterbury, Mrs. B. B., 7, 24
Melissa, 7
Auchmuty, Colonel, 13
Augsburg, 142
Austin, Nevada, 29, 44, 47, 54, 63, 67, 68, 76
Austin Mining Company, 28, 29
Austria, 8, 27
Automobile tours, 114, 118-121, 124-127, 131-
137, 140-143, ISO
Autun, 135
Baden, 135, 143
Bahamas, 82, 84, 86
Balfour, Right Hon. Arthur J., 10
Baltimore, 130, 148
Banta, Theodore M., 84
Barbados, 71, 94
Bar Harbor, 52
Barking, 38, 39, 146
Barnes, John S., 12
Barnstable, 141
Barrett, Dr., 155
Barton, 14, 134, 159
Bath, 121, 141
Batna, 118
Batna, Mr., 133
Bax-Ironside, 128, 148
Bayeux, 135
Beekman, James William, 98, 100, 113
Behring Sea dispute, 31
Belgium, 125
Bellagio, 125, 134
Bennington, Vermont, 149
Bentinck, Lord William, 3
Berea College, 124
1:1773
INDEX
Berkeley School, 3
Berlin, 46
Bermuda, 29, 93, 94
Berne, 135
Berners, Miss, 35
Biarritz, 134
Bicknell, Major, 128
Biddle, Mr., 47
Biddulph, George, 37
Bigg, Rev. Dr., 39, 40
Bigorre, 134
Bi-metallisra, 56, 57
Birch Island camp, 63, 68, 68, 69, 80, 5p, 99,
112, 115, 123, 126, 127, 127, 131, 138, 139
Birmingham, 43
Biskra, 52, 118
Bliss, President, 26
Board of Aldermen, 123
Board of Missions, 116
Bologna, 132, 151
Boston, 131
Bostwick, Albert, 104, 114
Boulogne, 125, 142
Boulter, Elizabeth Ann, 46, 47
Boulter, James, 125, 141, 144
Bourne, Commodore, 87
Bradshaw, Evelyn, 114
Braunfeld, 125
Braye, Lord and Lady, 52, 55, 58, 121, 136
Breen, Margaret J., 134, 140, 142, 144, 148, 159,
171
Bretton Woods, 131
Brick House, 58, 100, loo, 112, 112, 113, 113,
115, 116, 116, 117, 122, 127, 148, 149
Brighton, 142
Bristol, 46
Brixton, 126
Brooks, Phillips, Rt. Rev., 93
Eleanor, 131
Bruneck, 142
Bryan, Hon. William Jennings, 65, 81, 82
Budapest, 78
Bulgaria, 7
Burns, John, Hon., 123
Caen, 135
Cairo, 22
Calapathakes, 7
California, 53, 63, 118
Cambridge, England, 142
Cambronne, General, 13
Cameron, Sir Roderick, 75
Camp, 68, 127, 149. See Birch Island
Canada, 148, 149
Cannes, 4, 61, 119, 124, 125, 134, 150, 153
Capel-Brooke, Lady, 15
Carcassonne, 134
Caribbean cruise, 71, 94, loi-iii
Caribbean Sea, 93, 94
Caritas Island, 100, 122, 123
Carmen Sylva, 6
Carthage, 52
Carwardine, Percy Harlakenden, 37
Thomas, 38
Carwardine tombs, 37
Casenove, Mrs., 59
Cathedral of St. John the Divine, 80, 117, 148
CatskiUs, 148
Cattaro, 133
Century Club, 12, 124
Cerberus, 105
Cerberus (improved), 113, 121
Ceylon, 139
Chalons, 143
Chamber of Commerce, 14, 52
Champ de Mars, 143
Chapel of the Incarnation, 157
Chapin, Marguerite, 119
Charleston, 93
Chartres, 125
Chatfield, Florence, 119
Chelmsford, 33, 121, 152
Chelwood, 141
Chepstovp, 142
Chester, 29, 43
Chicago, 76
Chippenham, 121
Choate, Hon. Joseph H., 71, 93
Christmas tree, 147
Church Club, 79
Church of the Heavenly Rest, 50
Church of the Incarnation, 50, 148, 157
Churchill, 141
Cienfuegos, 73
Cirkvenica, 133
City Club, 122
Civil Service Reform Association, 51, 69, 75,
122
Clark, Ambrose, 149
Clay, Captain Spender, 58
Clementine, Princess, 7
Cleopatra, 5
Cleveland family, 141
President, 2, 13, 44, 44, 45, 81, Si
Mrs. Grover, 12, 13
Clifton, England, 46, 141
Clytie, 93
Coaching, 10, 46, 47
Coblenz, 142
Cockran, Hon. Bourke, 82
Codrington, 151
College of Physicians and Surgeons, 57
Collender's Point, 79
Colloredo-Mansfeld, Count, 85, 133
Cologne, 142
Colorado, 51, iii
Columbia University, 131
Colvele, Rev. Ashgill, 36, 37
Como, 125, 134, 151
Comte de Paris, 13, 14
Congress, 3
Constantine, 52, 118
ni783
INDEX
Constantinople, 6, 7, 22, 26
Consumers' League, 137
Contentment Island, 79
Coombs, Dr., 150
Cooper Union, 3
Copford Hall, 3, 35
Cortina, 143
Costume dinner dance, 49
Cottesbrook Park, 59, 60
Coudert, Frederic R., 72
Coutts, Baroness Burdett, 32
Cowes, 10, II
Cox, Counselor, 36
Richardson, 141
Craven, Mr., 58
Crisp, F. A., 153
Cromwell, Oliver, 35
Crosby, Ernest H., 89
Cruise on the Paris, 71
Cruising, 85, 94-95, 98-100
Cruising in the Caribbean with a camera, 94,
lOI-III
Cruising in West Indies, 94, 96, loi-iii
Cuba, 71, 73-75
Cuban army, 74
Curtis, George William, 69
Daggett, Ellsworth, 68
Dane at Copford Church, 34
Dangers of the proposed national paper money
trust, 67
d'Annunzio, Gabriele, 62
Darien Church, 112
Dartmoor, 140
Death of Caroline Phelps Stokes, 138
of Anson Phelps Stokes, 156
d'Eresby, Lady Margaret, 58
De Forest gold medal, 55
de Heredia, Mr. and Mrs., 150
Delano, Eugene, 124
Delphi Excavation Committee, 6
Deming, Horace E., 44
Depew, Chauncey M., 54
Derby, The, 8
de Trafford, Lady, 58
Devizes, Wilts, 121, 136
Dey & Street, 75
Dilettante Club, 8
Dinard, 22
"Dingley," 77
Dingley Hall, 14, 15, 7(5, 16-21, 59
Dinner dance, costume, 49
Diocesan convention, 116
Diocesan missions, 128
Diocletian, 134
Dodge, Melissa (Phelps), 13
Charles, 149
William E., 13, 44, 50
Dominica, 95
Donohue, Hon. John P., 71
Dover, 136, 143
Downe, Lord and Lady, 14, 58, 59
Downing, Thomas, 143
Due d'Orleans, 14
Due de Luynes, 14
Dudley Association, 112
Castle, 43
Dudley, Governor Thomas, 31
Duel, 4
Dugdale, Mrs., 61
Duke of Argyll, 126
Duke of Westminster, 29, 32
Duncan, Lauderdale, 3
Durham, Lord, 8, 9
Durham-Chetwynd trial, 8, 9
D K E fraternity, 54
Earl's Colne, England, 32, 35, 36, 58, 136
Priory, 35, 36
Earthquake, 6
Eastwich, 53
Eg\-pt, 22
Eldred tombs, 37
Eleuthera, 85, 86
EUiman, Arthur B., 29, 47
Elliston tombs, 37, 38
Emperor William, 132
Empress of Austria, 59
Engagements, iii
England, 3, 8-11, 14-21, 27, 29-43, +5-47. 52.
57-61, 114, 122, 126, 140-142
English lakes, 47
English politics, 28-29
Enterprise, 11
Entwistle, Mrs., 58, 59
Episcopal Theological School, 67, 76
Epping, England, 145, 146, 151, 152
Epping Stokeses, 145, 146, 152, 153
Essex, England, 33-39, 145, 146
Evarts, William M., 53
Evening Post, 147
Family groups, 22, 46, Jis, 128, 130, 14.9
Farley, Thomas, 159
Farnsworth, P. T., 28, 29, 63, 65, 67, 68, 70, 75,
79
Fearn, Walker, 5, 13, 45
Federation of Churches and Christian Work-
ers, 122
Fenny Compton, 39, 40
Ferdinand of Bulgaria, 7
Fernie Hurst, 21
Ferrara, 132
Fiume, 133, 134
Florence, Italy, 4, 119, 132, 150
Florida, 67, 75, 79, 86, 95, 130, 138, 148, 154
Flower, Gov. Roswell P., i
Flower parade, 13
Folkestone, 125, 142, 151
Folsom, George W., 88
Forbes, Miss, 4
Ford, Rev. J. M., 107
i:i79n
INDEX
Fortress Monroe, 75
Fouts, Caroline, 112
Fox, F. F., 126
France, 4, 5, 8, 11, 27, 52, 57, 58, 124, 134, 143.
150, 151
Frankfort, 125, 135
Frascati, 132
Free trade, 48
Freiburg, 143
French Relief Committee, 13, 14
Freshwater, 152
Fustianellos, 6
Galatea, 112
Garrick Club, 8
Gaskell, Mr., 53
General Education Board, 55
General Hospital Society of Connecticut, 55
Geneva, 135
Genoa, 119, 124
Gerry, Elbridge T., Commodore, 88
Ghent, 142
Gibb, Benaiah Duncan, 141
Gibbs, Major, 88
Gibraltar, 118
Gibraltar, 146, 147
Giovanni, Prince Rocco, 62
Girgenti, 52
Gladstone, Herbert, 29, 32
Right Hon. William E., 9, 32
Glion, 35
Gloucester, 142
Godkin, E. L., 44, 50
Godvpin, Parke, 44
Goodwood races, 10
Grant, General Frederick D., 71
Great Bedwyn, 136
Great Malvern, 142
Greece, 5, 6
Greenleaf, Dr. Richard, 12
Greensted, England, 152, 153, 75^
Greenwich, Connecticut, 100
Greer, Rt. Rev. David H., 116
Grenada, 94
Grieve, Mrs. M. L., 159
Grindelwald, 135
Grosvenor, Rev. Dr. William M., 50, 148, 157,
IS9
Groton School, 78
Guantanamo, 73
Hadley, Arthur T., 89
Hague, James B., 68
Hague, The, 142
Halesworth, 141
Halkett, Baroness, 29, 2Q, 33, 47, 52, 53, 58, 61,
67. 71. 73> 75, 76. 79. 80, 87, 94, 95, 112, 125,
'47, 148, 149. 155
Baron, 4, 10, 12, 29, 30, 32, 52, 53, 71, 114
Miss Cragie, 35
Mrs. James, 151
Hall, Bolton, 89
Hammond, John Henry, 63
Hankey, Carrie, 132, 133, 134, 148
Hanover, 32, 125
Harlakenden, Richard, 37
Mabel, 33, 37
Roger, 36, 37
Thomas, 38
Family, 32, 35, 36, 37, 38
Harrison, Thomas Haynes, 33, 34
Bishop of Glasgow, 34, 36
Hartford, 115
Hartley House, 122
Harvard University, 3, 14, 27, 54
Havana, 73, 74
Haynes, Hezekiah, 36
John, 33, 36
Family, 35
He Boule Society, 54
Hebrew language, 5
Helen of Troy, 5
Henshaw, Mrs. John C, 45
Herbert, Sir Henry, 140
Herkomer, Herman, 58
Hewitt, Abram S., i, 50
Higginson, Vice-Admiral, 88
Highland Farm, 99, 100, 112
Hill, Ex-Governor, i, 82
Hilperton, 141
Hoar, Senator, 53
Hochard, Albert, 159
Holland, 142
Holland, Mr., 60
Holy Land, 22, 26
Homburg, Germany, 87, 98, 125, 135, 142, 151
Home for Incurables, 117
Home Rule, 30, 31, 32
"Homestead," The, 10, 11, 12, 14,29,47,^, 122
Hone, Robert G., 100
Hooker, Asenath (Spafard), 131
Horace Monroe, 57, 131
Mildred (Stokes), 100, in, 130, 131, 132,
155. 156, 157
Mildred Phelps, 148, 149
Dr. Ransom Spafard, 100, iii, 130, 131, 155,
156. 157
Ransom Spafard, Jr., 137
Hooper, R. N., 126, 135, 137, 141
Hope, John, 42
Horn Silver Mining Co., 28, 29
Hornblower, William B., 50
Hornchurch, 143
House parties, 53
Howells, John, 58, 93
William Dean, 58
Howells & Stokes, 58, 93, 99, 116, 131
Hoyt, Alfred M., 53
Anson Phelps Stokes, 65, 85, 86, 88, 131, 159
Colgate, 72
Ethel Phelps (Stokes), 52, 53, 54, 75, 76, 79,
88, 100, 131, 132, 134, 140, 149
CiSo;]
INDEX
Hoyt, Ethel Stokes, lOO, 130
Graham, 140, 149
John Sherman, 55, 53, 54, 68, 71, 79, 87, 8i
100, 131, 132, 134, 14.0, 143, 149, 157
John Sherman, Jr., 55, 62
Rosina Reese, 53
Sherman Reese, 79, 159
Hughes, C. C, 84
Hungary, 8
Hunkins, Mr., 76
Hunter, Caroline (Stokes), 100, 112, 112, 11!
125, 149, 151, 154
Caroline, 135
Helen Louisa, 141
Phelps Stokes, 124
Robert, 100, 112, 112, 125, 151, 157
Robert, Jr., 114, 123
William Robert, 112
Hunting, 3, 14, 21, 29, 45, 52, 57-60, 62
Huth Library, 8
Ilford, England, 38
Ilfracombe, 141
Independence League, 123
India, 139
Indians, 61
Innsbruck, 142, 151
Institution of Naval Architects, 121
Intercollegiate Socialist Society, 122
International prison congress, 122
lone Valley, 76
Italy, 4, 5, 52, 61, 62, 114, 124, 132, 134, 14:
150, 151
Jamaica, 73
James, Arthur (England), 8, 9, 10, 58, 126,
130
Arthur (New York), 27, 148
Daniel, 4, 8, 129
Mrs. Daniel, 127
D. Willis, 44, 130
Mrs. D. Willis, 154
Sir Henry, 9
Dr., 155
William D., 4
Jamison, Mrs., 58
Japan, 44
Jenkins, Chas. H., 159
Jerome, William Travers, 50
Jerusalem, 22
Jesup, Morris K., 12
Jockey Club, London, 9
Joint-metallism, 50, 51, 52, 55-57, 66
Journal, New York, 89
Kane, John, 12
Commodore Nicholson, 98
Kapp-Herr, von, Baron Richard,
Keeling, Mrs., 35, 36, 121
Kelvedon Hatch, England, 153
Kennard, Mrs. Edward, 2i
Kensington Palace, 119, 120, 126
Kerr, Page & Cooper, 115
King Edward VII, 21
King King, Captain, 3
Kingsbury, F. J., 53
Kingston, Jamaica, 73
Kinnicutt, Dr. Francis, 12
Kissingen, 142
Klots, Allen, 139
Knapton, 40
Knickerbocker Club, 123
Kropotkin, Prince, 136
Kruger, Paul, 113
Kuck-Keene, Rev. Benjamin, 34, 35
Kuhn, Hamilton, 86
Labor and capital, 89
Labouchere, Mr., 31
"Lady Leicester," 77
"Lady Milton," 77
Lafayette, General, 47
Lambert, Daniel, 143
Lancashire Witch, 10
Landeck, 143
Lanier, Charles, 12, 13, 14
Larocque, Joseph, 50
Lauterbrunnen, 135
League for Political Education, 122
Leamington, 142
Lebanon Springs, 47
Lectures, 96-98, 100, loi-iii
Lee, Mrs. Phosbe, 136
Leland, Luisita, 124, 125
Lenox, 11, 12, 13, 13, 14, 29, 42, 44, 47, 50, 52,
62, 68, 77, 88, 100
Lenox Club, 12, 63
Letters of Anson Phelps Stokes, 15-20, 63, 69,
70, 81, 89-92
Letters of sympathy, 163-168
Levee, 8
Lindau, 143
Lindley, Rev. Daniel, 113
Lisgar, Lady, 59
Liverpool, 137, 153
Llewellyn, Sir R. B., K.C.M.G., 94
Loder, Mr., 59, 60
Lady Margaret, 58, 59, 60
London, 8, 27, 39, 46, 57, 114, 122, 125, 136,
141, 143
Louisbourg memorial, 50
Low, John Haynes, 35
Hon. Seth, 113
Lowell, James Russell, 48
Lowell House, New Haven, 55
Lowestoft, 46, 47, 141
Lowther, James, 9
Lubbock, William Beaumont, 3
Lucerne, 135
Luchow, 134
Luck, A. C, 68
Ludlow, General, 74
Cisa
INDEX
Lugano, 134
Lusk, Sylvester, 3
Estate, 3
Luynes, Due de, 14
Lydig, Philip, 12
Lyric Theatre, London, 120
"Mabel," 77
McAllister, Ward, 66
McAneny, Hon. George, 69
McBurney, Dr. Charles, 77
McClellan, General, 14
McClintock, Admiral, 8
McCormac, Sir William, 9
McCormick, Caroline, 131
William G., 131
McCuUoch, James W., 47, 65, 155, 159
McKim, Mead & White, 11
McKinley, President, 75
Macon, 135
MacVeagh, Minister, 62
Madeira, 118
Madison Avenue, 13
No. 37, 116
No. 229, 13, 14, 49, "6, 124
No. 230, 116, 124, 124
Madison Square Garden, i
Mahaffy, Prof. J. P., 5, 6, 8, ii
Mahkeenac Boating Club, 12
Maloney, Sir Alfred, K.C.M.G., 94
Malta, 52
Manitou Springs, 76
Market Harborough, 3, 14, 45, 58, 136, 142
Marriages, 12, 13, 52, 53, 112, 113, 122, 131
Marseilles, 134
Marshall, Charles H., 13, 44
Martinique, 71, 94
Mary Queen of Scots, 13
Matanzas, 73
Mediterranean, 51, 113, 118, 124, 131, 150
Melton Mowbray, 3
Meran, Switzerland, 125
Merchants' and Manufacturers' Board of
Trade, 67
Mermaid, yacht, 82, 82, 84-89
Mesney, Melissa (Atterbury), 135
Rev. Henry D., 135
Mestre, 132, 133
Metz, 151
Miami, 79, 85, 148
Michigan timber lands, 45
Midhurst, 157
Milan, 125-134, 151
Miles, Catherine, 36
John, 153
Miller, E. E., 45
Mills, Ml-., 60
Henry, Jr., 58
Minturn, Edith, 52. See Stokei
Robert B., 52
Susanna Shaw, 52
Mirepoix, 134
Miserarum est nee amori, 80
Mitchell, Caroline Green, 113. See Stokes
Clarence, 113
J. Murray, 88
Sarah (Lindley), 113
Modena, 132
Moffett, Mrs. Cleveland, 148
Monetary situation, 70
Monmouth, 142
Mono Pass, 63
Montepulciano, 132
Monterey, 44, 54
Montgomerie, Mr., 58
Mont joy, 36
Montpellier, 134
Montreux, 135
Montrose, Duchess of, 58
Morant's Essex, 35, 39
Morgan, Miss, 21
D. Parker, 50
Forbes, 3
George, 12
J. Pierpont, 46, 50, 116, 124
Morley, John, 29
Morris, Lord, 60
Martin, 50
Mount, Mrs., 58
Mount Hermon Boys' School, 55
Mount Pelee, 95, 105
Mousa, Selira, 25
Muir, Mr., 60
Munich, 125, 142, 151
Municipal Ownership League, 123
Murray Bay, 52
Mustapha Superior, 118
Mycena;, 6
Nancy, France, 143
Nansen, Professor, 8
Nantes, 135
Nantua, 135
Naples, 52, 62, 119, 132
Narragansett Pier, 88
Nassau, 75, 85
National Conference of Charities and Correc-
tion, 22
Nauplia, 6
Naval battery, 105, 113, 116, 121, 123
Naylor, Miss, 21
Nevada, 29, 44, 47, 50, 63-65, 67, 68, 70, 75,
76, 140
Nevada Central Railroad, 28, 123
Company, 68, 75, 79
Floods, 140
Newbury, 121
New Canaan, 143
New Haven, 56, 93, 100, 115, 118
Young Men's Christian Association, 55
Organized Charities, 55
New Orleans, 53
CiSa]
INDEX
Newport, 27, 88
New York Child Labor Committee, 122
Genealogical and Biographical Record, 169
Juvenile Asylum, 122
Prison Association, 122
Yacht Club, 11, 87, 88, 95, 100
Niagara Falls, 149
Nijmegen, 142
Nile, The, 114
Nomination for Congress, 3
Nonconformists, 145, 151, 152
Noroton, Connecticut, 12, 99, 100, 112, 113, 114.
137, 153
Oddie, Tasker L., 67, 68
Ogdensburg, 149
Ongar, England, 152
Onslow, Lord, 58
Orleans, Due d', 14
Osier, Dr., 150
Ostend, 136, 142
Ottawa, 149
Outdoor Recreation League, 122
Oxford, Earls of, 36
Oxnard, Mr., 53
Packner, Mr., 89
Paddock, Dr., 77
Pakefield, 46, 141
Palermo, 52, 118
Palestine, 22, 26
Palm Beach, 67, 86, 130-138, H?, '54
Palmerston, Lord, 21
Pangborne, 151
Paper money trust, 67
Paris, 5, 8, II, 27, 52, 54, 57. 58- "4, i35. '43
Exposition, 11
Parker independent clubs, 115
Parsons, John E., 12, 50
Pasley Island, 44
Passmore, 47
Pastor, Rose Harriet, 118, 122. See Stokes
Patriarchs' ball, 66
Pau, France, 4, 134
Peabody, George Foster, 84
Pearl Island camp, 76
Peel, R. W., 50
Miss, 61
Speaker, 6i
Pell, Alfred, 44
Pender, Mrs., 20
Penzance, 140
People's Institute, 122
Perugia, 151
Peters, Rev. John P., D.D., 89
Petworth, 151
Phelps, Anson Greene, 13
Hon. E. J., 44
George, 41, 42, 112
Giles, 42
Isaac N., 13
Phelps, Isaac N., estate of, 3, 62, 129
Mrs. Isaac N., 130
James, 42
John J., 13, 46
Thomas, 42
Thomas Woodbridge, 51
William, 42
William Law, 40
Hon. William Walter, 40, 44
Family, 42
Tombstone, 41
Phelps, Stokes & Co., 47
Phelps-Stokes fund, 55
Phi Beta Kappa, 55
Phoenix, Commodore Lloyd, 89
Pisa, 132
Plymouth, England, 140
Poland Springs, 131
Politics, I, 2
Pompeii, 118
Pondford-on-Avon, 141
Pope Leo XIII, 61
Populist party, 122
Porter, Sarah, 70
Port Jervis, 137
Portland, 44
Porto Rico, 71, 95
Portrait of James Stokes, 114
Potter, Rt. Rev. H. C, 89, 92, 117
Price, Mr., 153
Prince Louis of Battenberg, 123
Princess Louise, 119, 120, r20, 126
Princess May of Teck, 20
Private car Newport, 53
Probert, Captain W. Geoffrey, 37, 58, 119, 121,
136, 141, 152
Inyr Roger Hilton, 58, 120, 121
Probyn, Captain Dighton, 114
Providence, 131
Purton, 141
Pytchley hunt, 21, 59
Queen Mary of England, 20
of Scotland, 13
Queen Victoria, 10, 87
Quorn hunt, 3, 21
Races, 8, 10
Racing matters, 9
Radcliffe, 146
Ragusa, 133
Ranksborough Gorse, 3
Reading, England, 151
Rebour-Paschwitz, Baron von, 89
Redlands, 147
Reed, Lansing, 115, ii8
Reese, Rosina, 53
Reform Club, i, 3, 28, 29, 43, 48, 81
Reid, Hon. Whitelaw, 126
Resse, Comtesse, 51, 62
Reward, 143
ni83i
INDEX
Rheims, 143, 151
Rhoades, John Harsen, n8, 128
Rhodes, Cecil, 62
Rigby, Mr., 31
Rives, George L., 50
Robbins, Allan A., 63
Robbins, Rev. Dr., 157
Rochefort, 135
Rockingham Castle, 14
Rodd, Rennell, 5
Rogers, Commodore Archibald, 99
Rokeby, Rev. Henry, 58, 60
Rome, 52, 61, 119, 132, 151
Ronalds, Mrs., 14
Rouen, 135
Royal Geographical Society, 8
Royal squadron, 11
Rudge, Betsy, 126, 137
James, 137
Rumbold, Thomas, 145
"Rupert," 146
Rusden, George W., 8
Ruspoli, Prince, 62
Russell, Sir Charles, 8, 9
Rutland, Mrs., 136
Ryerson, Mr. and Mrs., 150
Sailing, 80, 84-89
Salisbury, 141
Salters Hall, 145
Salt Lake City, 68, 70, 75, 76
Salzburg, 142
Sanborn, F. B., 53
Sanders, Elizabeth, 152
Sanford, Mary, 143, 149
San Francisco, 44, 63
Sanger, William Cary, 149
San Gimignano, 132
San Juan Hill, 73, 95
San Remo, Italy, 150
San Sebastian, 134
Santa Margherita, Italy, 150
Santiago, 73
Saranac Lake, 112
Saye and Sele, 32
Schaffhausen, 143
Schermerhorn, William C, 12, 51, 67
Schliemann, Professor, 5
Schomberg, Arthur, 136
Schurz, Carl, 69, 71, 81
Scorpion, 154
Scotland, 47
Sea Fox, 92, 93, 99, 100, lio. III
Seattle, 44
Seend, 137, 141
"Shadow Brook," 12, 13, 33, 42, 44, §0,
53. 54, 55, 68, 7o, 7', 75, 76, 7(>, 7S,
89, 92, 93, 99, 100, 112, 123, 127
Shaker settlement, 47
Shavf, Mr. and Mrs. Parkman, 150
Susanna, 52
51, 51,
79, 79,
Sheldon, Edward W., 129
Shepard, Edward M., 84
Sherman, Edmond, 53
General, 53
Hon. John, 53, 71
William Watts, 88
Shermans of England, 53
Shooting in England, 14, 60
Shoreditch, London, 145
Sicily, 52
Siege of Paris, 13
Siena, 151
Simsbury, Connecticut, 116
Sixt, Switzerland, 135
Skrine, Rev. Vivian, 15-20
Skull and Bones Society, 54
Slade, Francis Louis, 131, 157
Mabel, 79, 80, 125, 131. See Arbuthnot
Sloan, Samuel, 118
Sloane, John, 12
William D., 12, 124
Sloane-Field wedding, 99
Smith, Canon, 15
Charles Stewart, 73
Francis, 40
Socialist party, 123, 129, 137
Society of Colonial Wars, 50, 113, 116
of Naval Architects, 105, 116
Sonning, 151
Sophomore German Committee, 54
Sorosis, 51
Sorrento, 52, 62
Soufriere, 94
Southampton, 151
Southend, 152
South Salem, 100
South Wraxall Manor, 141
Spain, 20
Spalato, 134
Spaulding, Mrs. William, 141
Speddon, Mr. and Mrs. Fred, 150
Speeches of Anson Phelps Stokes, i, 30, 31, 48,
81, 82, 96, 98
Spencer, Herbert, 115
Lord and Lady, 20, 60
Nelson S., 84
Spezzia, 150
Squadron cruise, 96
"A," .23
St. Augustine, Florida, 130
St. Bartholomew's Church, 50
St. Croix, 95
St. Edmund, 153
St. Eustatius, 95
St. John, William P., 62, 129
St. Patrick's Day, 71
St. Paul's Chapel, 131, 132
St. Paul's Church, New Haven, 55
St. Pierre, 94, 105
St. Regis Lakes, 68, 76, 112
St. Regis Yacht Club, 63, 68
ni843
INDEX
St. Vincent, 94
Stanshawes, 46, 127, 135, 137, 141
Stapler, Henry B., 45
Staten Island, 53
Stetson, Francis Lyncle, 72, 73, 74
Stewart, John A., 118
Stock Park, 52
Stockwell, Frederick, 54
Stok, de, Adam, 136
Stoke, Thomas, abbot of Tewkesbury, 41
Stokes, Adrian, R.A., 133
Anson Phelps, i, 149, 154-172; illustrations,
frontispiece, 4., 8, 21, 46, 99, 134, 154, 156,
162, 171-174; death of, 156
Anson Phelps, Jr., 4, 5, 22, 43, 54, 54, 55, 5S,
75, 80, 88, 100, HI, 112, 114, 118, 123,
124, 148, 149, 157, 15S, 159
Anson Phelps, Jr. (college societies), 54
Anson Phelps, Jr. (activities), 55
Anson Phelps, 3d, 118
Carol (Mitchell), 128, 150, 150, 154
Caroline Phelps, 39, 40, 46, 55, 93, 124, 131,
138, 147
Caroline M. Phelps, 19, 27, 57, 62, 73, 75, 76,
77. 79> 85, 86, 89, 98, III, 112, 112. See
Hunter
Edith (Minturn), 52, 128, IS7, H^
Elizabeth, 145, 153
Ethel V. Phelps, 22, 26, 46, 46. See Hoyt
Florence, 149
Florence (Chatfield), 119, II9, 149
Sir George Gabriel, iii
Grace, 145
Hannah, 145, 153
Harold M. Phelps, 27, 57, 73, 75, 76, 78, 98,
114, 115, 118, 122, 136, 139, 142, 147, 157, 15S
Harold M. Phelps (societies, etc.), 139
Helen Louisa (Phelps), frontispiece, i, 4, 4,
8, 9, 10, II, 12, 13, 27, 46, 47, 50, 53, 57,
62, 73, 75. 76. 77. 79. 80, 86, 89, 98, pp, iii,
113, 114, 115, 118, 122, 124, 125, 127, 132.
'34, 136. 139. 140. 141. 148. 149. 154-159.
154, 156
Helen O. Phelps, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 22, 29,
33. 33, 42. 44. 47. 5i. 52. 57. 7i. 76. 79. 8°.
89, 98, 113, 114, 115, 118, 119, 121, 125,
127, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140. 141, 142,
143, 147. 148. 150. 151. 153. 154. 155
Helen Phelps, 2d, 128, 148
Henry, 104, 145, 146, 149, 151, 153
Henry John, 152
Isaac Newton Phelps, 3, 14, 20, 27, 29, 44,
$2, 58, 87, 93, 100, 128, 148, 157, 158
Isaac Newton Phelps (college societies), 27
Isaac Newton Phelps (activities), 27-28
Isaac Newton Phelps, 2d, 128
James, 114, 119, 7/p, 135, 148, 149
Mrs. James, Sr., 45, 135, 149
James Graham Phelps, 3, 14, 43, 44, 46, 58,
63. 67. 76, 79. 80, 87, 88, 93, 94, 95, 100,
118, 122, 123, 129, 133, 147, 149, 154, 157. ^55
Stokes, James Graham Phelps (societies, etc.),
43. 45
Jane, 145
John, 145, 152, 153
Joshua, 145
Martha Ann, 38
Mary, 145
Manor, 39
Mildred E. Phelps, 19, 57, 71, 73, 75, 76, 79,
86, 89, 98, 113, 114, 118, 122, 124, 127, 130,
131. See Hooker
Olivia Egleston Phelps, 46, 93, 113, 124, 131,
138, 143. 147. 159
Olivia Egleston Phelps, 2d, 130, 148, 149
Prudence, 153
Richard, 137, 145, 151
Rose (Pastor), 122, 122, 133, 147, 149, 154
Sarah, 38, 145, 153
Sarah Maria Phelps, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 33.
See Halkett
Thomas, 45, 46, 47, 51, 93, 128, 137, 143, 145,
153. 159
Thomas Gabriel, in
William, 38, 140, 143, 144, 145, 151, 153
William Armstrong, 2
William E. D., 51, 87, 128, 159
William E. D., Jr., 53, 128
Stokes Building, 4
Stokeses of Epping, 145
Stonedon (Stondon Massey), 153
Story, Waldo, 61
Strassburg, 143
Stratford-on-Avon, 40
Straus, Oscar, 70
Stuart, Dr. Kenneth, 55
Stubbings, William, 153
Stuttgart, 125
Sultan of Turkey, 7
Swan, Mrs. Harrison, 114
Switzerland, 135
Syracuse, 119
Tabago, 94
Tacoma, 44
Tammany Hall, 50
Tarns, Lemolne & Crane, 82, 113
Taormina, 119
Temascal, 54
Tewkesbury, 40-43
Abbey, 41
Registers, 41, 42, 43
Texas, 53
Thompson, Sir Henry, K.C.M.G., 94
Thousand Islands, 149
Thun, 135
Thurm.an, Allen G., i
Timgad, 118
Tintern Abbey, 142
Toblach, 143
Tod, J. Kennedy, 44
Ds^n
INDEX
Tombs of ancestors, 115
Torquay, 46, 140
Townsend, Judge William K., 112
Tracy, Mrs., 113
Trent, 143
Trial of the monkeys, 72
Trieste, 134
Trinidad, 71, 94
Trinity Church, Lenox, 12
Tucker, Alanson, 93
Tunbridge Wells, 125, 136
Tunis, 118
Tunisia, 118
Turin, 124
Turkey, 6, 7, 22
Turner (artist), 41
Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute,
Twain, Mark, 93
Twelfth Night, 12, 124
Twining, England, 41
Tworably, H. McK., 124
Tyrol, 142
Ullima, 105, 123, 124, 125
Union League Club, 71
United States Trust Company, 118
University Settlement, 112, 118, 122, 123
Upper St. Regis, 80
Utrecht, 142
Vancouver Sound, 44
Vanderbilt, Cornelius, 51, 54
Van Rensselaer, Katherine, 53
Vaughan, Mr. and Mrs., 140
Venice, 62, 132, 143
Verona, r34
Vienna, 8, 27
Vilatre, 119
Villa Montfleury, 150
Violetta, Mr., 53
Vivian, Mrs. Glen, 32
Voignier, Constant, 159
Von Rothenburg, Baroness, 46
Waldron, Rev. A. J., 136
Waldstein, Charles, 5, 6, in
Wall tombs, 37, 38
Walworth, 125, 136
Wapping, 136
Ward, Henry, 151
Mary, 151
Warm climate, 78
Warner, Hon. John De Witt, 89
Warwickshire, 39
Washington, A. C, 28, 29, 63
Waterloo, 13
Waters, Henry F., 121
Watson, Mr., 14
Webb, General Alexander, 13
Wellesley College, 55
Wellington Club, 32
Wellington, Duke of, ij
Senator, 82
Wells, David A., 44, 55
Western trip, 44, 53, 63-66, 68, 70, i
West Indies, 71, 94-95. 96-9^1 io<
102-111
Westinghouse, George, 114
Westminster, Duke of, 29, 32
Wetmore, Senator George Peabody,
Weymouth, 151
Wheeler, General Joseph, 88
Whissendine, 3
White, Andrew D., 53, 87
Horace, 44
Sir William, 7, 121
Whitehouse, Fitzhugh, 50, 89
Whitney, William C, 12
William the Conqueror, 14
Williams, Bishop, 67
Willis's, 8
Wilson, General James, 73, 74
Windsor, Conn., 115
Winthrop, Buchanan, 66
John, 31
Wiscomb, John, 121
Withington, Lothrop, 121, 126, 136
Wood, General, 73
Woodbridge, Benjamin, 121
Company, 28, 123
Family, 33
Hall, Yale, 93
John, 33
Woodland Pytchley, 21
Woodlawn, 159
Wootton Bassett, 141
Wright, Carroll D., 89
Wurtzburg, 142
Wyllys, Ambrose, 39
Company, 28, 116, 123
Family, 39, 40
Governor George, 40
Richard, 39
Yacht racing, 86, 112, 115
Yachting, 80, 84-86, 94-95, 100
Yale Athletic Committee, 55
Foreign Missionary Society, 55
Neivs, 54
University, 12, 14, 33, 43, 54. 7
139
Yarmouth, England, 142
Yate, England, 46, 121, 137, 141
Yosemite Valley, 54, 63-65
Young, Bridget, 40
Gertrude, 58, 76, 87, 150
Zara, 133
Zell-am-see, 143
Zengg, 133
Zurich, 143
[:i863
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